A DICTIONARY OF CHEMICAL SOLUBILITIES INORGANIC

THE MACMILLAN COMPANY

HIW YORK BOSTON CHICAGO DALLAS
ATLANTA SAN FRANCISCO

MACMILLAN & CO LIMITED

LONDON BOMBAY CALCUTTA
MELBOURNE

THE MACMILLAN CO OF CANADA LTD

TORONTO

A
DICTIONARY

OF

CHEMICAL SOLUBILITIES

INORGANIC

FIRST EDITION

BY

ARTHUR MESSINGER COMEY, PH D

\

SECOND EDITION

ENLARGED AND REVISED
BY

ARTHUR MESSINGER COMEY, PH D

DIRECTOR, EASTERN LABORATORY, E I DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND CO

AND

DOROTHY A HAHN, PH D

PKOFESbOR OF C HEMI8TK1 , Ml HOLYOK* (Oi

gfctn fork

THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
1921

AU rights reserved

COPYEIGHT 1921

BY THE MACMILLAN COMPANY

Set up and printed Published February 1921

PREFACE TO FIRST EDITION

FOR many years a need has been felt by chemists for a book which shall collect
into convenient form for ready reference the various data concerning the solu-
bility of chemical substances that have been published from time to time nx
chemical periodicals and elsewhere

The first mention that can be found of such a plan was made in 1731, when
Peter Shaw delivered Chemical Lectures in London, as may be seen from the
following —

EXTRACTS from PETER SHAW'S Chemical Lectures, pubhckly read at London in
1731 and 1732 London Second Edition, London 1755 8vo

Page 97 Experiment I — That Water as a Menstruum dissolves more of one body
and less of another

[He shows that two ounces of water dissolve two ounces of Epsom salt, five drachms of
common salt? and eight grains of cream of tartar Only in the latter case much remained
undissolved until boiled ]

"It might be proper for the further Improvement of Chemistry and Natural Phi-
losophy to form a Table of the Time and Quantity wherein all the known Salts are
dissolvable in Water Such a Table regularly formed might ease the Trouble of re-

fining Salts, by shewing at once without future Trial or Loss of Time how much Water
each Salt required to dissolve it for Clarification, Filtration, or Crystallization It would
likewise supply us with a ready and commodious Wav of separating any Mixture of Salts,
by shewing which would first shoot out of the Mixture upon Crystallization The

same Table might also direct us to a ready and commodious Method of separating two
Salts without waiting for Crystallization "

It was many years, however, before the scheme suggested by Peter Shaw
was put into execution Professor F H Storer published the first work that
undertook to carry out the idea in its entirety, in 1864, m a book, which he
entitled " First Outlines of a Dictionary of Solubilities of Chemical Substances,"
and which contained a compilation of nearly all the data on the subject pub-
lished before 1860 It was at once recognized as a most valuable contribution
to chemical literature, but for many years it has been difficult to obtain this
work, as the limited edition which was published was soon wholly exhausted
Since then nothing has appeared on the subject except the brief tabulations
found in various reference books, and no attempt has been made to cover the
whole subject

It is needless to state that the growth of chemical science since the publication
of Professor Storer's book has been so enormous that that work has lost, at least
to a great extent, the practical value it possessed thirty years ago This growth
has been indeed so great, and the data which have accumulated since 1860 so far
surpass the earlier in volume, that a simple revision of Professor Storer's book
was impracticable, and it therefore seemed best to start afresh

vi PREFACE TO FIRST EDITION

With the facilities offered by the various scientific libraries at Harvard
University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and other libraries in
Boston, it has been possible to collect nearly all the data relating to the subject
For the work before 1860 Professor Storer's work has been found invaluable

The method pursued has been to form a preliminary list of compounds
with more or less data by consulting the two most complete works on inorganic
chemistry — Gmehn-Kraut's "Handbuch der anorgamschen Chemie" and
Graham-Otto-Michaehs's "Lehrbuch " These statements have been verified
and elaborated by consulting the original memoirs in all the periodicals devoted
to chemical literature which were obtainable The " Jahresbencht der Chemie "
also has been used extensively in tracing references, but the original memoirs
have always been consulted and references given to them when possible

It has been found impracticable to draw any distinction as to reliability
between the various data given by different observers It was manifestly
impossible to attempt to verify experimentally the statements of those who
have earned on the researches, for the most assiduous labor of many could
only cover a small portion of the attested facts Therefore, even when two
statements are directly contradictory, both have been given with thfc authority
for each The only exception to this has been made when more recent dis-
coveries have shown beyond any reasonable doubt the falsity of previous work
In this way some of the older manifestly inaccurate work has been omitted In
a majority of cases the more recent work may be considered to be the more
accurate, but this is not the invariable rule A Synchronistic Table of the more
common periodicals is given in the Appendix, whereby it is easy to determine
the date of the publication of a research to which reference is made

It may be objected by the practical chemist that most of the woik previous
to 1850 might well have boon omitted, but a groat deal of this woi k posse sscs at
least a historical value, and often furnishes facts which have not since bun
verified Much of the earlier work when obviously of 1< ss irnportam < , h is bee n
printed m smallei type

The aim has been to include in this volume all analyze el moig IUK substaiie es,
that is, all substances which do not e on tain e arbon, but e xe e. ptiem h is bee n in tele
in the case of CC>27 CO, C$2, the eaibonites, eyanules, feiro-ey imde s, e te ,
which are here, mcludeel

The work has been bi ought up to March, 1894, when this volume went 1o
press, and the results of rt scare hts pubhsheel since that time are not melueleel
in the present edition

It is hoped that this book will fill to some extent the wint that has been felt
by chemists for a compilation of this nature While it has be en attempted to
make the book as free from errors as possible, nevertheless it is natuially im-
possible to avoid many mistakes, and the compiler will be very grateful to those
who may call his attention to any errors or omissions

A M C

CAMBRIDGE, MASS , Aug , 1895

PREFACE TO SECOND EDITION

DTIRING the twenty-five years which have elapsed since the publication of the
first edition of this dictionary, a very large amount of work has been published
in chemical periodicals, containing data concerning the solubility of inorganic
chemical compounds As it was impossible for the compiler of the first edition
to devote the time necessary for the collecting of the published data, it was
necessary to employ assistance, and Dr Dorothy A Hahn, Professor of Chem-
istry, Mt Holyoke College, was engaged for this work Dr Hahn has collected
the larger part of the material in this book, which work in spite of its arduous
and tedious nature, she has performed in a most painstaking manner

The compilation and arrangement of the data collected by Dr Hahn, which
devolved upon the original author, took much time This, together with diffi-
culties in printing, caused by the general conditions after the war, has delayed
the publication until the present year, although the work was begun in 1916,
and it has only been brought up to January 1st of that year

Since the publication of the first edition of this work, Dr Atherton Seidell has
brought out two editions of his book, entitled " Solubilities of Inorganic and
Organic Substances," which covers quite a different field, as he considers only
quantitative data and those only for the commoner substances Dr Seidell has
followed the plan m most cases where there are several available solubility
determinations of a substance, of selecting and averaging the more reliable
results, and embodying them m tables Although this undoubtedly facilitates
ready reference, it has seemed better to adhere to the original plan of the first
edition, and to publish all the data m the form of the original authorities with
references and dates, so that the user may be at liberty to use his own judgment
m selection Some few of the tables arranged by Di Seidell, however, have
seemed to possess decided advantages over any other published data and they
have been me orpoiated m the present volume It is desired also to acknowledge
indebtedness to Dr Seidell's work for ceitam other tables where the original
souices were not available to the piesent compilers

The same plan and airangement used m the fiist edition has been followed
with ceitam elaboration, however, of the anangement of data on the solubility
of two or more salts in a solvent, which is explained m the Explanatory Pieface

Data published since the first edition on the cobalt and chi omium ammonia
compounds and those of the platinum group have been omitted, as it seemed
that solubility data on those compounds possessed very little general interest

As stated m the preface of the first edition, while every possible attempt has
been made to avoid errors, it is manifestly impossible to avoid many mistakes m
a work of this nature, and the compiler will be glad to have his attention called
to any errors or omissions

WILMINGTON, Del , Jan , 1921 A M C

EXPLANATORY PREFACE

IN order to reduce this volume to a convenient size the subject-matter has been
abbreviated and condensed as far as seemed compatible with clearness, but it
has been the aim not to use any abbreviations which are not at once intelligible
without consulting the explanatory table The more common chemical for-
mulae have been universally used, thereby saving a large amount of space
without detracting from ready intelligibility to chemists

The solubility of the substance in water is first given, the data being arranged
chronologically in the longer articles Then follow the specific gravities of the
aqueous solutions, and also any data obtainable regarding their boiling-points,
other physical data concerning solutions are not included Following this is the
solubility of the substance in other solvents — first the inorganic acids, then
alkali and salt solutions, and finally organic substances

Owing to the great increase of data, published during the last twenty years,
on the simultaneous solubility of two or more salts in a given solvent, it has
been found necessary to plan some arrangement, whereby such data can easily
be found, and the plan adopted is as follows The data for the solubility of two
salts in a solvent is placed under the salt which comes first according to the
alphabetical arrangement in this dictionary, and the order of the data on various
salts under the same heading follows the alphabetical order of the salts consid-
ered Thus the data on the solubility of NH4Cl+BaCl2, NH4Cl+CuCl2,
and NH4Cl+PbCl2, and NEUCl+CNEU^SCU are placed under Ammonium
Chloride and arranged in the given order Certain exceptions have been made
to this rule, where the data directly concerns the solubility of a salt in a solu-
tion of another salt, in which case, it is placed undei the former Numerous
cross references, however, are given, which it is hoped will avoid confusion

In many cases no definite distinction can be drawn between the phenomena
of solution and decomposition \t present the theory of solution is in a confused
state, and until what really takes place when a substance dissolves is thoroughly
understood no distinct line can be drawn The whole subject is unsettled at the
present time, foi while many chemists believe m the so-called " dissociation"
theory, yet the "hydrate" theory is not without its supporters It is not my
intention to discuss the theoretical side of the question, which has been so well
treated in many recent works It is, however, obvious that the phenomena are
essentially different, when, for example, sodium carbonate is dissolved in water,
m which case the original salt is deposited on evaporation, and when iron is
dissolved m sulphuric acid, and the solution deposits a sulphate of iron Yet it
is still the custom to speak of iron as soluble in sulphuric acid, although it would
be much more accurate to say that the sulphuric acid was decomposed by the
iron It has thus been found impracticable to draw a sharp line between solu-

EXPLANATORY PREFACE

tion and decomposition, and the term " soluble " has in general been usec
where a solution of some sort is formed by the action of the solvent

The matter of alphabetical arrangement of chemical compounds, in th«
present somewhat confused state of chemical nomenclature, has been a difficuli
question to decide The plan followed has been practically that of the standarc
Dictionaries of Chemistry, whereby the compounds of metals with one of the
non-metallic elements have been classified under the metals, while the salts oJ
the other acids (the oxygen acids so called and some few others) have beer
arranged alphabetically under the acids Thus barium chloride is found undei
barium, while barium chlorate is found under chloric acid No exception hac
been made in the case of the rare metals, as is usually the custom in Dictionariec
of Chemistry Double salts are to be found under the word which comes first
alphabetically, thus, "common alum," potassium aluminum sulphate, is found
under aluminum sulphate as aluminum potassium sulphate (under sulphunc
acid), but ammonia, chrome alum is found under ammonium sulphate as am
momum chromium sulphate In the same way the double sulphate and chro
mate of potassium is found under potassium chromate (chromic acid), and not
under potassium sulphate (sulphuric acid) The double chloride of ammonium
and magnesium is found under ammonium chloride (ammonium), while the
double chloride of potassium and magnesium is found under magnesium chloride
(magnesium) An exception is made, however, m the case of double compound*
of salts of oxygen acids with salts containing a bingle non-metallic element, 111
which case they are always found under the oxygen acid Thus the double
sulphate and chlonde of lead, PbSO^ PbClo, ib found uud( i k id sulphate
(sulphunc acid), and not undei kad chlonck (lead)

The above method m some casts widdy sepuates antlogous compounds
but it was found to be the only pi utiealwty to istnetl> alphibetie il in mg<
ment, which is no necessity in i book eont lining so min\ vei\ shoit utiele^

The ammonia adelitiem-piodue ts tuinishe el mot he i difheultv \\hik then
natuie is luon 01 less definite h unelei stood in the eobilt plitinuin et< , < om
pounds, and i tit finite nonie ne 1 ituie is in &e ne i il use , the it is in il>solut< I u k
of anything ot the kind in the less definite eoni])ouii(ls 11 is ^ood us \&i lo
hpeak e>t < up) uninoniuin ( ompoimds, but how sli ill we ele sign ite t he in i logons
cadmium compounds^ ( ulni immonium" has not yet leceiveelthe sinelion
of cheMmstb, ind AK h, Nil { is i still woist e ise foi mining I hive theieloie
not atteinpte el te> n ime these < ompounels, but e 1 issihe d the in ill imeh i tlie silN
to which the uniuoma is itleled, affixing the woiel uiiinoiu i thus ilnnnninn
chloride ammonia, eadinunn ehlonek uniuoiu i, and also eupne e hk>nde un-
moma foi the salt now ihne)bt uiuveisallv known as e upi iinnioniuin < hleniele

The ammonia compounds e>i cobalt, chiomium, meuiny, ind the pUtiiuim
metals are arranged alphabc tie ally iceoielmg to them umveisilly iteepted
names, a list of which i^s given undei each of those ele me nts

It has further been necessary to settle aibitranly the que stion whethei a sub
stance should be consideied as a double salt 01 a salt of a compound acid con

XI

taming one of the metals For example, "fluosihcates" (or sihcofluondes, as
some may prefer) is the general name for the double fluorides of SiF4 and a
metal, but this unanimity in usage gradually disappears as the basic elements
become more nearly alike, so that it is impossible to draw a line between such
compounds and a compound such as the double chloride of magnesium and
potassium, for which indeed the name " potassium chloromagnesate" has been
proposed The aim has been in all these cases to follow the best usage rather
than make an absolutely homogeneous system of nomenclature out of the exist-
ing confusion

In the matter of formulae no attempt at uniformity has been made Thus in
the case above some chemists wnte the formula of the double chloride of mag-
nesium and potassium as KMg,Cl3, others as KC1, MgCl3 The form here
used has been in most cases that of the author from whom the data are taken

The prefixes mono, di, tn, ortho, pyro, etc , have in general been disregarded
in the alphabetical arrangement, and have been printed in italics Exceptions
to this have been made, however, in the cobalt, chromium, etc , ammonium
compounds, and m a few others, as dithionic, perchloric, etc , acids Cross
references have been used, so as to prevent any confusion arising from lack of
uniformity in this respect

In the Appendix will be found formulae and tables for the conversion of the
degrees of various hydrometer scales into specific gravity, and a Synchronistic
Table of the Periodicals to which references aie most fiequenth made

ABBREVIATIONS

aba — absolute

atmos — atmosphere

b -pt — ^boiling-point

comp — compound

cone — concentrated

corr — corrected

cryst — crystallised, crystalline

decomp -—decompose, decomposes,

decomposition, etc
dil — dilute
eutec — eutectic
msol — insoluble
M — a umvalent Metal
Mm — Mineral
mol — molecule

m -pt — melting-point
ord — ordinary
n — normal

ppt , pptd , etc — precipitate, pre-
cipitated, etc
pt — part
sat — saturated
si -^slightly
sol — soluble
sp gr — specific gravity
supersat — supersaturated
t°= temperature in Centigrade degrees
temp — temperature
tr pt — transition point
vol — volume

ABBREVIATIONS OF REFERENCES

A — Annalen der Pharmacie, edited by Liebig and others, 1832-39, continued as Aonalen der
Chemie und Pharmacie, 1840-73, continued as Justus Liebig's Annalen der Chemie,
1874r-1915+ 406 vols

A ch — : Annales de Chimie et de Physique Paris 1st series, 1789-1816, 96 vols , 2nd
series, 1817-40, 78 vols , 3rd series, 1841-63, 69 vols , 4th series, 1864r-73, 30 vols ,
5th series, 1874r-83, 30 vols , 6th series, 1884r-93, 30 vols , 7th series, 1893-1903, 30 vols ,
8th senes, 1904r-13, 30 vols , 9th series, 1914+, 3 vols 0

Acta Lund — - Acta Umversitatis Lundensis/or Lunds Umversitets Ars-sknft Lund, 1864+
Am Chemist — The American Chemist New York, 1870-77 7 vols
Am Ch J —The American Chemical Journal, edited b\ Remsen Baltimore, 1879-1913

50 vols

Am J Sci — American Journal of Science and Arts, edited by Silhman, Dana, and others
New Haven 1st series, 1818-45, 50 vols , 2nd series, 1846-70, 50 vols , 3rd senes.
1871-95, 50 vols , 4th series, 1896-19 15+, 40 vols Also numbered consecutively, 190
vols

Analyst —The Analyst London, 1876-1915+ 45 vols

Ann chim farm — Annah di chunica e di farmacologia Milan, 1886-90 5 vols
Ann des Mines — See Ann Min
Ann Mm — Annales des Mines Paris
Ann Phil — Annals of Philosophy London 1st series, 1813-20, 16 vols , new senes,

1821-26, 12 vols

Ann Phys — See Pogg and W Ann
Apoth Z — Apotheker-Zeitung Berlin

Arb Kais Gesundheitsamt — Arbeiten aus dem Kaiserhchen Gesundheitsamte
Arch Ne'er Sc — Archives Ne"erlandaises des Sciences exactes et naturelles
Arch Pharm — Archiv der Pharmacie, continued from Archiv des Apothekerverems in
Norddeutschland, which forms the 1st series 1st series, 1822-34, 50 vols , 2nd senes,
1835-72, 150 vols , 3rd series, 1873-94 -f, 32 vols Also numbered consecutively,
which system is exclusively used after 3rd series, vol 253 (1915)
Arch sc Phys nat — Archives des sciences physiques et naturelles de la Bibhoth&que

umverselle de Geneve

A Suppl — Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie Supplement-Bande Vol i 1861, vol 11,
18b2-b3,vol 111 1864-65, vol iv 1865-66, vol v 1867, vol vi 1868, vol vii 1870,
vol viii 1872

B — Benchtc der deutsdien chemischen Gesellschaft Berlin, 1868-1915+ 48 vols
Att Ace Line — Atti della reale accademia dei Lmcei, rendconditi, etc
B A B — biUungsberichte der komglichen preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu

Berlin

Belg Acad Bull — Bulletin de I'Acad^mie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres, et des Beaux-
Arts dc Belgique
Berz J B — Jahresberu ht uher die Fortschntte der physischen Wissenschaften, edited by

Ber/elms 1822-47 30 vols
Br Arch — Archiv des Apothekervtrcms im nordlichen Teutschland, etc , edited bv Brandes

1st series, 1822-31, 39 vols , corresponds to 1st series of Arch Pharm
Bull Acad Cr ic — Bulletin international de 1' Acade*mie des Sciences de Cracovie
Bull Ac St P6tersb — Bulletin de I'Acaddmie Imp6riale des Sciences de St Petersbourg
Bull Soc — Bulletin des Stances de la Socie'te' chimique de Paris 2nd series, 1864-88, 50

vols , 3rd series, 1889-1906, 36 vols , 4th series, 1907-15+, 18 vols
Bull Soc chim Belg —Bulletin de la Socie'te* chimique Belgique

Bull Soc md Mulhouse — Bulletin de la Socie'te industnelle de Mulhouse 1828-49 22 vols
Bull Soc Mm — Bulletin de la socie'te' franchise de MmSralogie 1878-1915+ 37 vols
C A — Chemical Abstracts American Chemical Society New York
C C — Chemisches Centralblatt, continued from Pharmaceutisches Centralblatt
C B Miner — Centralblatt fur mmeralogie, Geologie und Palaeontologie Berlin
Chem Ind — Die Chemische Industrie, edited by Jacobsen Berlin
Chem Soc — Journal of the Chemical Society of London 1st series, 1849-62, 15 vols , 2nd
series, 1863-78, 17 vols , new series, 1878-1915+ The vols are numbered consecutively
from 1849 1878= vol 32 Total, 108 vols

Chem -tech Centr-Anz — Chemisch-techmscher Central-Anzeiger

Chem Weekbl — Chemiker Weekblad

Chem Z— /See Ch Z

Chem Zertschr — Chemische Zeitsclinft

Ch Gaz — The Chemical Gazette London, 1843-59 17 vols

Ch Kal — Chemiker Kalender, edited by Biedermann

Ch Z —Chemiker Zeitung

Ch Z Repert — Chemikches Repertonum Beiblatt zur Chemiker-Zeitung Gothen

Cim —II Cimento Turin, 1852-54 6 vols

C N —The Chemical News London, 1860-1915+ 112 vols

Comm — Commentar zur Pharmacopoea germanica by Hager Berlin, 1883

Compt chim — Comptes-rendus mensuels des Travaux cmmiques, edited by Laurent &

Gerhardt 1845-51 7 vols
C R — Comptes-rendus hebdomadaires des Stances de TAcad&me des Sciences Pa

1835-1915+ 161 vols
Crell Ann — Chemische Annalen fur die Freunde der Naturlehre, etc , edited by Cr

1784r-1803 40 vols
Dansk Vid For — Oversigt over det kgl danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Forhandhng

Copenhagen
Duigl — Dmgler's Polytechnisches Journal, edited by Dingier and others 1820-1915

330 vols

Edinb Trans — Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1788-1915+ 51 v<
Ed J Sci —The Edinburgh Journal of Science 1st series, 1824r-29, 10 vols , 2nd ser

1829-32. 6 vols Continued as Phil Mag
Electrochem Ind — Electrochemical Industry (Oct , 1902, to Dec , 1904) later Elect

chemical and Metallurgical Industrv New York
Elektrochem Z — Elektrochemische Zeitschrift Berhn
Eng Mm J — The Engineering and Mining Journal New York
Gazz ch it — Gazzeta chimica itahana Palermo, 1871-1915+ 45 vols
Gilb Ann —Annalen der Physik, edited by Gilbert 1st series, 1799-1808, 30 vols . $
senes, 1809-18, 30 vols , 3rd series* 1819-24, 26 vols Also numbered consecutive
76 vols Continued as Pogg
Gm -K — Gmelm-Kraut's Handbuch der anorgamschen Chemie, 6te Auflage 1877-19

7te Auflage, 1907-1915+
Gr -Ot — Graham-Otto's ausfuhiiiches Lehrbuch der anorgamschen Chemie, 5te Auflage,

Michaehs 1878-89
Jahrb Miner — Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palscontologie Heidelberg 18

1832 Then Neues Jahrbuch fur Mmerologie Stuttgart
Jahrb d Pharm — Jahresbericht der Pharmacie
J Am Chem Soc — Journal of the American Chemical Society New York, 1876-1915

37 vols
J Anal Appl Ch — The Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry, edited by Hs

1887-93 7 vols

J B — Jahresbericht uber die Fortschritte der Chemie, u s w

J Chun me"d — Journal de Chimie me'dicale, de Pharmacie. et de 1 oxicologie 1 st ser
1825-34, 10 vols , 2nd series, 1835-44, 10 vols , 3id series, 1845-54, 10 vols ,
series, 1855-64, 10 vols , 5th series; 1865-76 12 vols
Jena Zeit — Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Median und Naturwissenschaften
J Pharm — Journal de Pharmacie et de Chrmie Paris 2nd series, 1815-41, 27 vols ,
series, 1842-64, 46 vols , 4th series, 1865-79, 30 vols , 5th series, 1879-94, 6th ser:
1895-1909. 30 vols , 7th series, 1910-15+. 10 vols

J Phys —Journal der Physik, edited by Gren 1790-98 12 vols Continued as Gilb A]
J Phys Ch —The Journal of Physical Chemistry Ithaca, N Y
J pr — Journal fur praktische Chemie, edited by Erdmann, Kolbe, and v Meyer Leipz

1st series, 1834-69, 108 vols , 2nd series, 1870-1915+ 92 vols

J russ phys Chem Soc — Journal de la Socie"t£ physico-chemique russe St P£tersbou
J Russ Soc — Journal of the Russian Chemical Society St Petersburg, 1869-1915

47 vols
J Soc Chem Ind — Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry London, 1882-1915

34 vols

J S C I — See above

J Tok Chem Soc — Journal of the Tokyo Chemical Society

Kastn Arch — Archiv fiir die gesammte Naturlehre, edited by Kastner Nuremberg, 18$

35 25 vols

Listy Chemicke" — Listy Chemicke1, edited by Preis and others Prague

Lond R Soc Proc — See Roy Soc Proc

Lund Umv Arsk — Lunds Umversitets Ars-skrift Lund

ABBREVIATIONS OF REFERENCES xvu

M — Monatshefte fur Chemie und verwandter Theile der anderer Wissenschaften Vienna,

1880-1915+ 36 vols
M A B — Sitzungsbenchte der matheinatisch-physikalisclien Classe der kgl bayerischen

Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Mtmchen
Mag Pharm — Magazm der Pharmacie 1823-31 36 vols
M6m Acad St PStersb — M&noires de PAcad&me Imp&iale des Sciences de Samt-Pe'ters-

bourg

M Ch—See M

Mem Coll Sci Kyoto — Memoirs of the College of Science, Kvoto
Metall — Metallurgy Halle

Miner Jahrb — Neues Jahrbuch fnr Mineralogie, etc 1833-73 40 vols
Miner Mag — Mineralogical Magazine London

Miner Mitt — Mineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen Wien
Momt Scient — Le Momteur Scientifique, edited by Quesnesville Pans
N Arch Sc ph nat — Nouvelles Archives des Sciences physiques et naturelles Geneva
N Cim — II nuovo Cunento Pisa, 1855-61 14 vols

N Edmb Phil J — New Edinburgh Philosophical Journal 1819-64 90 vols
N Jahrb Miner — Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie Stuttgart
N Jahrb Pharm — Neues Jahrbuch der Pharmacie 1796-1840 42 vols
N J Pharm — Neues Journal der Pharmacie fiir Aerzte. etc , edited by Trommsdorff

1817-34 27 vols

N Rep Pharm — Neues Repertonum fur Pharmacie 1852-76 25 vols
Pharm Centralbl — Pharmaceutisches Centralblatt 1830-49 20 vols Continued as

C C

Pharm Era — Pharmaceutical Era

Pharm J Trans — Pharmaceutical Journal and Transactions
Pharm Post — Pharmaceutische Post Wien
Pharm Vierteljb — Pharmaceutische Vierteljahresberichte
Pharm "Weekbl — Pharmaceutisches Weekblad
Pharm Ztg — Pharmaceutische Zeitung
Phil Mag — The Philosophical Magazine London 1st series, 181^-26, 26 vols , 2nd series

1827-32, 11 vols , 3rd series, 1832-50, 37 vols , 4th series, 1851-75, 50 vols , 5th

series. 1876-1900, 50 vols < 6th series, 1901-1915 +, 30 vols
Phil Mag Ann — The Philosophical Magazine and Annals of Chemistry, etc Corresponds

to Phil Mag 2nd series

Phil Trans — The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 1665-1915+
Phys Rev — The Physical Review
Pogg — Annalen der Phvsik und Chemie, edited by Poggendorf 1st series, 1824-43, 60 vols ,

2nd series, 1844-53, 30 vols , 3rd series, 1854^63, 30 vols , 4th series, 1864-73, 30

vols , 5th series, 1874^-77, 10 vols Continued as W Ann
Polyt Centralbl — Polytechnisches Centralblatt 1st series, 1835-46, 12 vols , 2nd series,

1847-73, 30 vols
Proc Am A A S — Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of

Science
Proc Am Acad — Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences Boston,

1846-1915+ 50 vols

Proc Am Phil feoc — Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society Philadelphia
Proc Chem Soc — Proceedings of the Chemical Society of London
Proc K Akad Wet— See Ver K Akad Wet

Proc Soc Manchester — Proceedings of the Literarv and Philosophical feociety of Manchester
Proc Roy Soc — See Roy Soc Proc

Q J Sci —Quarterly Journal of Science London, 1816-26 22 vols
Rass Mm — Rassegna mineraria, metallurgica e chimica
Real Ac Line — Atti di Reale Accademia dei Lmcei Rome
Rend Ac Line See Att Ac Line

Rep anal Ch — Repertormm der analytischen Chemie 1881-87 7 vols
Rep Brit Assn Adv Sci —Reports of the Meetings of the British Association tor the Ad-
vancement of Science

Repert — See Rep Pharm .,«,-« /.*» ^ i

R6pert chim appl —Repertoire de Chimie pure et appliquge Paris, 1858-63 9 vols
Rep Pharm —Repertonum fur die Pharmacie, edited by Buchner 1st series, 1815-34, 5C

vols , 2nd series, 1835-48, 50 vols , 3rd series, 1849-51, 10 vols Continued as N Rep

Pharm

Rev g<§n chim — Revue generate de chimie pure et appkque*e

Rev M<§t —Revue de MStallurgie Paris ««oo IA-IK i no i

Roy Soc Proc —Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 1832-1915+ 92 vols

50

xvm

ABBREVIATIONS OF REFERENCES

Roy Soc Trans — Abstracts of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London
1832-54 6 vols Continued with Roy Soc Proc

H t c — Recueil des Travaux chimiques des Pays-Bas Leiden, 1882-1915+ 34 vols

Russ Zeit Pharm — Pharmaceutische Zeitschrift ftir Russland

Scheik Verhandel — Scheikundige Verhandehngen en Onderzoekingen, edited by Mulder
Rotterdam, 1857-64 3 vols

Scher J — Allgemeines Journal der Chemie, edited by Scherer 1798-1810 17 vols Con-
tinued as Schw J

Schw J — Journal fur Chenue und Physik, edited by Schweigger 1st series, 1811-20, 30
vols , 2nd series, 1821-30, 30 vols , 3rd series, 1831-33, 9 vols Continued as J pr

Sill Am J — American Journal of Science, edited by Silhraan, etc See Am J Sci

Sitzungsb bohms Gesell — Sitzungsbenchte der kc&mglichen bohmschen Gesellschaft der
Wissenschaften in? Prag

Storer's Diet — First Outlines of a Dictionary of Solubilities of Chemical Substances, by
F H Storer Boston, 1864

Sv V A F — Ofversigt af kongl Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademien F<5rhandhngar Stock-
holm

Sv V A H — Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlmgar Stockholm

Sv V A H Bih — Bihang t}iU kongl Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handhngar Stock-
holm

Techn J B — Jahresbericht uber die Fortschritte der chemischen Technologies edited by
Wagner, Fischer, etc

Trans Am Electrochem Soc — Transactions of the American Electrochemical Society
Philadelphia

Trans Faraday Soc — Transactions of the Faraday Society London

Trans Rov Soc — Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London

Ver K Akad Wet — Verslag Komnkle Akademie van Wettenschappen, Amsterdam

W A B — Sitzungsbenchte der mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Classe der kaiser-
hchen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Wien

vv Ann — Annalen der Physik und Chemie, edited by Wiedemann Continuation of Pogg
1877-1899 69 vols 4th series, 1900-19154- 48 vols

W Ann Beibl — Beiblatter zu Wiedemann's Annalen Leipzig

Z anal — Zeitschrift fur analytische Chemie, edited by Fresemus
54 vols

Z anorg — Zeitschrift fur anorgamsche Chemie, edited by Kruss ,

Z B H Sal — Zeitschrift fur das Berg, Hutten, und Sahnen-Weben in deni
Staate Berlin

Zeit angew Ch— Zeitschrift fur < uc Chemie Berlin, 1887-1915+ 29\ols

Zeit Chem — Zeitschrift fur Chemie und JPn irmacie 1st scru s, ]S5S-(>4, () vols , 2nd bones,
"N F/' 1865-71, 7 vols

Zeit d allgem oster Apothekeiv — Zeitschrift dus dllgemunen o^ttiicu hh>( lu u \pothckci
vereins

Zeit ges Nat — Zcitsohnft fur die gcs urimten N iturwissonbdi lite n

Wiesbaden, 1862-1915 +

1892-1915+ 93 vols

preussischen

ges

Zeit Knst —Zeitschrift fur K
Zeit Pharm — bee Rush Zt it iJJi inn
Z Ilektrochem— Zutsthiift fui 1 loktrodumu IT ilk
Z Phys Ch — Zoitsc hnft fur physik disc he Che nuo, c ditcd by ( )sw il

1915+ 00 vols

Z physiol Chem — A its< hnft fur ^H- IOJT «1( Cluniu Sti
Z Ver Zuckermd — Zeitschrift des Verem der aeutschen Zuckermdustne

uticl Miner ilogic 1S77-1915+ 51 vols

uid vui 1 I [oil 1S87-

A DICTIONARY OF CHEMICAL SOLUBILITIES

INORGANIC

DICTIONARY
CHEMICAL SOLUBILITIES

INORGANIC

Actinium emanation

Solubility coefficient of actinium emanation
in H20 at room temp is 2

If the solubility of actinium emanation in
HjO is made = 1, the relative solubility of the
emanation in sat KCl+Aq=09, in cone
H2S04 = 095, in ethyl alcohol = 1 1, in amyl
alcohol =16, in benzaldehyde = 1 7, in ben-
zene =18, in toluene = 18, in petroleum =
19, mCS2=21atl8°

(Hevesy,Phys Zeit 1911,12

Air, Atmospheric

See also Nitrogen and Oxygen

100 vols EkO at 15° and 760 mm absorb about 5
vols atmospheric air (Saussure )

1 vol H20 at t° and 760 mm pressure absorbs
V vols atmospheric air reduced to 760 mm
andO°

t°

V

t°

V

t°

V

0

002471

7

0 02080

14

001822

1

002406

8

0 02034

15

001795

2

0 02345

9

001192

16

001771

3

0 02287

10

001953

17

001750

4

002237

11

001916

18

0 01732

5

0 02179

12

0 01882

19

001717

6

002128

13

001851

20

001701

(Bunsen's Gasometry )

1 1 H2O absoibs cc N and O from air at t°
and 760 mm pressure

1 1 H20 absorbs cc N and 0 from air at t°
and 760 mm pressure (dry)

t°

cc N

cc 0

N+0

%o

10
15
20
25

1547
1383
1276

1178

787
709
644
591

2334
2092
1920
1769

3374
3386
3355
3340

(Roscoe and Lunt, Chem Soc 55 568 )

1 1 H20 absorbs cc N and O from air at t°
and 760 mm

0

60

632

918

1370

1410

cc N

1953
1634
1660
1558
1416
1416

cc O

1001
828
839
790
714
705

3388
3360
3335
3360
3351
3324

(Pettersson and Sond&i, B 22 1439)

1 1 HoO absorbs cc N (0° and 760 mm )
from atmospheric air at t° and 760 mm
pressure (dry)

cc N

19 14
1820
1734
1654
1581

t°

10
12
14
16
18

cc N

1514
1453
1398
1348
1303

20
22
24
25

cc N

1263
1227
1195
1181

0

5

10

15

20

cc

N

1609
1418
1270
1167
1108

862
760
679
625
593

N+O

2471
2178
1949
1792
1701

(Hamberg, J pr (2) 33 447 )

1 1 H20 absoibs cc N from air at t° and
760 mm pressure

(Bunsen, Gasometr Methoden, 2te Aufl 209,
220)

t°

cc N

t°

cc N

t°

cc N

0

1929

10

1536

20

1280

5

1709

15

1395

25

1181

(Dittmar, Challenger Expedition, vol 1 pt 1 )

AIR, ATMOSPHERIC

11

H20 sat with air at tc and 760 mm con-

/-\ r t , s\o .. Jl i-rf»f\ \

Solubility of atmos etc — Cont^nued

;ams cc u (rea to u~ ana /ou mm ;

Temt)

Q

Nitrogen

Temp

Oxygen

Nitroge

t°

cc O

t° cc O

t°

cc O

ys

cc

CC

CC

CC

0

10 187

11 7692

22

6 114

58°

339

671

80°

197

403

1

9910

12 7 518

23

5999

59

334

660

81

189

388

2

9643

13 7 352

24

5886

60

328

650

82

181

373

3

9387

14 7 192

25

5776

61

322

639

83

173

357

4

9 142

15 7 038

26

5669

62

3 16

627

84

165

341

5

8907

16 6 891

27

5564

63

3 10

6 16

85

157

324

6

8682

17 6 730

28

5460

64

304

605

86

148

307

7

8467

18 6 614

29

5357

65

298

594

87

139

289

8

8260

19 6 482

30

5255

66

292

582

88

130

271

9

8063

20 6 356

67

285

570

89

121

252

10

7873

21 6 233

68

nr\

279

2rro

559

C A>J

90

Q-|

111

1 f\n

23$

21 c

(Wmkler, B 22 1773 )

69
70

7o
266

O 4/

535

yj.
92

L ()&

092

LA

19]

1 vol H2O absorbs 0 01748 vol air at 24 05°
-and 760 mm pressure (Wmkler, B 21

71
72
73

260
253

247

523
5 10
498

93
94
95

081
071
060

17C
145
12'

Composition of the absorbed air between 0°
and 24° is 34 91% O and 65 09% N (Bunsen)
between 15° and 16°, 32 17% 0 and 67 83% N
(Komg and Kranch, Z anal 19 259) ,32%
0 and 68% N (Regnault), at 0°, 35 1% O,
10°, 348% 0, 20°, 343% O, 25°, 337% O
(Wmkler, B 21 2483) See also Roscoe and

74
75
76

77
78
79

240
233
226
2 19
2 12
204

485
472
459
445
432
418

96
97
98
99
100

048
037
027
013
000

10
07
05
02
001

(Wmkler, B 1901, 34 1440 )

Lunt, and Pettersson and Sonde*n, page 1

Absorption ot -itmosphenc an by

H2O it

Solubility of atmos oxygen and nitrogen
in 1000 cc H2O at 760 mm pressure (cale )

and 760 mm piessuie £ = coefficient
absorption j9j -t( Solubility " (>S
undei ox> gc n )

Temp

Oxygen

Nitrogen

Temp

Oxvgen

Nitrogen

t°

ft

0i

t

#

0>

CC

CC

CC

CC

0

0 02SS1

) 02S64

55

) 01253

0 010

0°

1019

1845

29C

533

10 30

5

2543

2521

(>()

12U)

on

1

991

1799

30

524

10 15

10

2264

22 37

65

11S2

o^

2

964

1755

31

5 15

9 99

15

2045

2011

70

ir

>6

O1*

3

939

17 12

32

507

9 S3

20

1S69

1S2(

75

1137

07

4

9 14

1671

33

499

9 67

25

1724

1671

SO

1126

0(

5

891

16 SO

34

491

9 52

30

1606

1 5 39

S5

1119

01

6

868

1591

35

4S3

9 37

35

1 50 3

H20

<)()

1113

0

7

847

1554

36

4 76

9 22

40

1 HS

1 315

(r>

1109

01

8

826

15 IS

37

469

9 OS

45

1 351

1224

100

110)

()(

9

806

1483

3S

462

S 94

50

1297

1140

10

7 87

1450

39

4 55

s si

11

769

14 19

40

44S

S67

(\\mklci 1* 1901 34 1KV) )

12
13
14

752
735
7 19

1389
1361
13 3:>

41
42
43

442
4 35

4 28

S55
S43
S 31

S(i-\\itu ihsoibs l<^s() ind N fiom
thmpUH HO, but th< itiobttwunt) UK

15
16
17

704
689
675

1307
1283
1257

44
45

46

422
4 15
409

S20

S09

797

H in uns const int IMS* t-v\it<r sit with
it 622° th( <>\yg<n \v is 33 50'/, of the t<
gds ibsoibul (P( tt( isson ind S<)M<1( n )

18

661

12 34

47

403

7S7

1 1 sc i-v\ it( i ibsoibs « N uul O fiorn

19

648

1212

48

397

776

it t° ind 760 nun pussuu

on

6JC

1 1 Q 1

4.Q

-i <n

7 65

<JU
21

oO

623

JLI y i
1171

T: v

50

K I

O u JL

385
31-70

755

7 A K

t

o< N

r< 0 N-fC)

Vt <

22
23

6 10
598

11 52
1133

ol
52

/y

374

4O

7 34

0

1441

7 77 22 IS

350

24

586

11 14

53

368

724

5

1322

69> 2015

34 3

25

575

1096

54

362

7 13

10

120S

6 29 18 37

342

26

564

1079

55

356

703

ft f\n

15

1101

5 70 16 71

34 1

27
28

5 54
543

1062
1046

56
57

3 51
345

o 92
681

(Tornoe, Nor \vegian North \tLmtic Kxj
Chem IS)

ALUMINATE, CA.LCIUM

1 1 sea water absorbs cc N from air at t°
and 760 mm

t°

cc N

t°

cc N

t°

cc N

0

1560

10

1247

2C

1041

5

1386

15

1134

25

962

(Dittmar )

1 1 sea-\\ater absorbs cc N (0° and 760 mm )
from atmospheric air at t° and 760 mm
pressure fdry)

t

cc N

tQ

cc N

t

cc N

0
2

4
6

8

1485
1420
1360
1304
1253

10
12
14
16
18

1206
1162
1123
1087
1054

20
22
24
25

1025
998
973
962

(Ham berg )

Absoiption of air which is free from car-
bonic acid by H S04 at 18° and 760 mm a =
coefficient of solubility

H2SO4

a

HaSO4

a

98%
90%
80%

00173
00107
00069

70%
60%
50%

00055
00059
00076

(lowei, / anorg 190b, 50, 388)

Absolute alcohol absorbs Oil vol gas from air l/s of

which is O and /a N On mixing with an equal vol

HO /s of the dissolved gas is given off (Dobereiner )

100 vols alcohol (95 1 %) absorb 14 1 vols air

(Robmet C R 58 f>08 )

100 voK petroleum absorb 6 S vols air

oil of lavender 6 89

benzene 140

oil of turpentine 24 IS

(Robmet / c )

1 vol ethei at 760 mm piessuie absorbs
0290 volb ui at 0°, 0 2S7 voU at 10°,
02S6 vols at 15° (Ghiistoff Z phys Ch
1912,79 4)0 )

Alcohol C2H5OH

Sp gi of piuc ( thyl al( ohol+ -Vq it 25°

%

ikohol

*•>!* k,r

%

ziUohol

Sp gr

0

0 <)<)7077

55

0 898502

2

099*350

60

0 886990

5

09S8166

65

0 875269

6

098656*

70

0 863399

10

0 980434

75

0851S36

15

097 3345

SO

0839114

20

0 966392

85

0 826596

25

0 958946

90

0 813622

30

0 950672

95

0799912

35

0941459

98

0791170

40

0 931483

99

0788135

45

0 920850

100

0 785058

50

0 909852

—

—

(Osborne, McKelvy and Bearce, Bureau of
Standards, Sci Paper No 197 )

Alum, Ammonia

See Sulphate, aluminum ammonium
Alum, Chrome

See Sulphate, aluminum chromium
Alum, Iron

See Sulphate, aluminum feme
Alum, Potash

See Sulphate, aluminum potassium
Alumina

See Aluminum oxide

Alummic acid, H2A12O4 = A12O3 H2O

Aluminum hydroxide possesses acid prop-
erties and salts corresponding to an acid of
the above formula exist
See Alununum hydroxide

Alununates

All alummates are msol in HaO except
those of K and Na (Fremy) and Ba (Beck-
mann, J pr (2) 26 385)

Barium alummate, BaAl 04+4H O

Sol in 10 pts HO, can be recryst from
alcohol (Deville J pr 87 299 )

+5H 0 SI sol in HoO uith decomp
(Allen, Am Ch J 1900, 24 313 )

+7H 0 SI sol m cold, not completely
sol in hot H 0 Sol in cold dil HC1 4- A.q
(Beckmann, J pr (2) 26 385 )

Ba \L>0 +5H O Sol m 20 pts H O b\
boiling (Beckmann, B 14 2151 )

Insol in alcohol

SI sol in H O \\ith decomp msol in
alcohol (Allen, Am Ch J 1900, 24 311 )

Ba^lO6-h7-llH 0 Sol in lo pts HO
with decomp into Ba \1 O +5H O, msol in
alcohol (Beckmann )

Barium aluminate bromide, Ba\l O4 BaBr

+ 11HO

Sol mHO (Bcckmann, J pr (2)26 385,
474 )

Barium alummate chloride, Ba-U O4, 3BaCU
+6HO

Sol mHO (Beckmann 1 c )

Ba\lO4, BiGl+llHO Sol m HO
(Beckmann, 1 c )

Barium aluminate iodide, B i\l O4, Bil

Sol m H,O (Beckmann 1 c )

Calcium aluminate, CaO, Al Oa

Decomp by H 0 but does not "set bol
m HC1, msol m HNO3 H bO4, and HF
(Dufau, C R 1900,131 54.)

Ca2Al2O6+7H O Slowly decomp by
HoO, si sol in H O (Allen, Am Ch J
1900,24 316)

CaaAl Oe Insol in HoO , not decomp b v
KOH+Aq, sol m acids (Tissier, C R 48
627)

ALUMINATE, COBALT

H- 6H20 Ppt, si sol in H2O, insol in
alcohol (Allen, Am Ch J 1900, 24 316 )

3Al2Os4Ca04-3H2O ppt (Fnedel, BuU
Soc Mm 1903, 26 121, C C 1904,1 430)

Cobalt aluminate

"Thenard's or Lwthner's blue" Insol m
H20

CoAl204 Insol in H2O and acids (Ebel-
men)

Cobalt magnesium aluminate, [MgCo]Al204
"Spinel Blue » Insol in H2O or HCl+Aq
(Ebehnen )

Glucinum aluminate, G1A12O4

Min Chrysob&ryll Not attacked by acids,
but decomp by KOH+Aq

Iron (ferrous) aluminate, FeAl2O4
Min Hercymte Not attacked by acids

Lithium aluminate, LiA102
Sol in H20 (Weyberg, C C 1906, II

1659)

Lithium hydrogen aluminate, LiHAl204-h

5H20

SI sol in H20, decomp onboihng (Allen,
Am Ch J 1900,24 310)

Magnesium aluminate, MgAl204

Mm Spinel Insol in H20

Insol in HNOa+Aq, very si sol in HC1
-j-Aq, partly sol in H2S04 at boiling temp
(Abich, Pogg 23 316 )

Sol by standing 2 hours at 210° with a
mixture of 3 pts H2SC>4 and 1 pt H20, or by
boiling with this mixture together Tvith HF
(Mitscherlich, J pr 81 108 )

SI sol in HC1, HF, and H2S04, msol in
HN03 (Dufau, Bull Soc 1901, (3) 25 669 )

Manganous aluminate

Insol in H20 and acids (Fbelmen, A ch
(3) 22 225 )

MnAl2O4 Insol m HCl-f Aq, readily
attacked by HF, HNO3 and H2SO4

Decomp by fusion \\ith alkali chlorate,
nitrate, oxide or carbonate (Dufau, C R
1902, 135 963 )

Nickel aluminate

Insol in HoO
Potasssium aluminate, K2^12O4H-3H O

Decomp by dissolving m pure H2O with
separation of A1203 (Fremy, A ch (3) 12
362 ) Can be recrystalhsed from water con-
taining a little alkali, without decomposition
(Fremy )

Insol in alcohol

Sodium aluminate, Na2Al2O4

Easily and completely sol in cold H2O
(Schaffgotsch, Pogg 43 117)

4*4H20 Insol in alcohol (Allen, Am
Ch J 1900, 24 308 ) !

Miscible with hot H2O, and as
sol as NaOH m cold H2O Insol in alcohol
but decomp thereby (Tissier, C R 43 102 )

Strontium aluminate, Sr8Al206+6H20

SI sol in H20 (with slow decomp m Aq
solution) (Allen, Am Ch J 1900, 24 314 )

Thallium aluminate, T14A12O6+7H2O
Not completely sol m, but slowly hydro-

lysed by H«O
Readily sol in dil acids and in the fixed

alkalies
Insol in abs alcohol (Hawley, J Am

Chem Soc 1907,29 303)

Zinc aluminate, ZnAl204

Insol in acids or alkalies

Mm Gahmte (Automohte')

+ sH20 Sol in KOH, and NH4OH+Aq
(Berzehus )

Alumimcoantimoniotungstic acid

Ammonium alummicoantimoniotung state,
6(NH4)20, 2A12O3, 3Sb206, 18W03+
17H2O

A shellac-like gum (Daniels, J Am Chem
Soc 1908,30 1856)

Barium alummicoantmioniotungstate, 5BaO,

2A1208, 3Sb2O6, 18W03-r-6H2O
Somewhat insol in dil HC1 (Daniels,
J Am Chem Soc 1908, 30 1857 )

Silver alummicoantimoniotungstate, 6Ag 0,
2A12O3, 3Sb O5, 18WO3-hl2H 0

Ppt

Sol in NH4OH-fAq but requnes HN03
(1 10) to dissolve it (Daniels, J Am Chem
Soc 1908,30 1857)

Alumimcoarsemotungstic acid

Ammonium alumimcoarsemotungstate,
6(NH4)20, 2A1 O3? Us 05, 18WO8-f
14H2O

Spanngly sol in IT O (Dumls, J Viu
!hcm Soc 1008, 30 1S54 )

Barium alumimcoarsemotungstate, 4B xO,
2A12O3, 3As O5> 18W08 + 12H C)

Very si sol in I^O

Sol m very dil IK 1 01 HNO, (Daniels,
J Am Chem boc 190S, 30 1855 )

ladmium alumimcoarseniotungstate, 4CdO,

2A1 03, 3As2O5, 18\V03 + 17H2O
Sol in dil minciil acids and in stiong
NH4OH+Aq (Daniels, J Am Chem Soc
1908, 30 1855 )

Alumimcomolybdic acid

Ammonium alumimcomolybdate, 3(NH4)20,
A1203, 12MoO3-M9H2O

Ppt (Hall, J \m Chem Soc 1907, 29
696)

+20H20 More sol m H20 than potassium

ALUMINUM

aluminicomolybdate (Struve, Bull Acad St
Petersb 12 147)

+22H20 (Marckwald, Dissert 1895 )

Barium aluminicomolybdate, 4BaO, A1203,

12MoO3+14H20
Ppt (Hall, J Am Chem Soc
712)

1907, 29
4PbO, A1203,

Lead aluminicomolybdate,

12Mo08-f21H20
Ppt fflfell, J Am Chem Soc 1907, 29

712)

Potassium aluminicomolybdate, 3K2O, A1203,
12Mo08+20H20

1 pt of the salt is sol in 40 67 pts H20 at
17° Very difficultly sol m acids (Struve )

HaAUMoOOs, 2KHMoO4 Sol in H20
(Parmentier, C R 94 1713 )

Silver alumimcomolybdate, 4Ag20, A1203,

12Mo03-fl6HoO

Ppt (Hall, J Am Chem Soc 1907, 29
712)

Sodium alumirucomolybdate, 3Na20, Al20s,
12MoO3+22H2O

Efflorescent Easily sol in HoO (Gentele
J pr 81 413 )

Alumimcophosphotungstic acid.

Ammonium aluminicophosphotungstate,

9(NH4)2O, 2A1203, 4P205, 9W03-fl3H20
SI sol in cold and in hot H20 (Daniels,
J Am Chem Soc 1908, 30, 1851 )

Barium alumimcophosphotungstate, 4BaO,

2A1 03, 4P,O6, 9W03-M3H 0
SI sol in H O Sol in very dil HC1 or
HNOS (Damelb, J \m Chem Soc 1908,
30 1853)

Silver alumimcophosphotungstate, 4AgO,

2A10 , 4P2O5,c)VU),J-|-bHO
Ncaily insol m H O So] in NH4OH and
in dil HNOj Insol in u otic acid (Daniel,
J Am Che 111 Soc 1<)()8, 30 1852)

Zmc alumimcophosphotungstate, 5ZnO,

2A1 Os, 4P O6, <WOj-f-llH2O
Sol in dil Kids uid in a laige quantity of
cone imrnonia wh* n KH4C1 is present
(Dmiels, I Am Chun Sor 1908, 30
18)3)

Aluimmcotungsfrc acid

Ammonium alumimcotungstate, 3(NH4) O,

A12O3, 9WO3-HHoO

Sol m cone HN03 and m core HC1 A\ hen
the solution in cone HC1 was boiled, a yellow
colored ppt separated (F P Smith J Am
Chem Soc 1903, 25 1230 )

Ammonium silver altimmimcotungstate,

HAg20, 21(NH4)20, 4A1208 36W03
The dry salt is insol in pure H20, but

readily sol in H20 containing NH3 or HNOa
(E F Smith, J Am Chem Soc 1903, 25
1231)

Banum alumimcotungstate, SBaO, A1203,
9WO,+7HiQ

Not sol in acids ^hen dr\ Somewhat
decomp by boiling with cone HC1, HNO8 or
aqua regia (Daniels, J Am Chem Soc
1908, 30 1848 )

Copper alunnmcotungstate, 2CuO, Al>08,

Sol in large quantities of HoO (Daniels,
J Am Chem Soc 1908, 30 1847 )

Mercurous alunnmcotungstate, 5Hg O. A1203,

9W03

SI sol inH20 Sol inHNOsd 5) (Dan-
iels, J Am Chem Soc 1908, 30 1849 )

Zinc alumimcotungstate, IHZnO, A1203,
9WOS+8H2O

Insol in HoO (Daniels, J Am Chem
Soc 1908,30 1850)

ZnO, Al 08, 9W03-f20H 0 Sol in HoO
(Daniels )

Aluminum, Al

Less easily attacked than ordinary metals
(iron, copper, lead, zinc, tin) by air, H O,
wine, beer, coffee, milk, oil, butter, fats, etc
Vinegar dissolves 0 349 g fiom a sq decimetre
in 4 months, and 5 % NaCl-f Iq, only 0 045
g in the same time (Ballaud, C R 114
1536)

The action of various substances contained
in foods and drinks on compact M as it occuib
in utensils is very slight Hard or soft ^ ater,
whether cold or hot, showed no action in 8
davs, 1 % solutions of taitanc, tanmc, and
acetic acids had no action in same time, also
5 % bone, carbolic, and salicylic acids 4 °~c
and 10 % acetic acid dissolved onl\ 0 4 mg
of 41, uhile 10 % icetic acid disbohed 2 1
mg from a toughened piece of Al foil in 8 da> s
1 % soda solution di^oh ed 1 ) mg in S d vv s
(Rupp, Dmgl 283 119 )

Similar results ^eie obtimed b> \iche
(Dmgl 284 255 )

Liquids which ue oidinanh contained in
fooc7s and drinks do not ittack sheet 41 ex-
cept in a vei> small degice The following
losses in weight in mg b\ the action of the
given liquid^ on 100 &q centimeties bheet
aluminum foi 6 dav^ ^ ei e obtained

Liquids

Claret

Hock

Brandv

5 % alcohol

5 % tartanc acid-f-4q

1 %

5 % acetic acid+Aq

1 % " "

Lo s m mg

284
327
108
061
169
258
358
438

ALUMINUM,

Liquids

Loss m rag

5 % citric acid-fAq

215

1 %

190

5 % lactic acid+Aq

477

5 % butane acid-hAq

131

Coffee

050

Tea

0

Beei

0

4 % boric acid+Aq

1 77

5 % carbolic acid+Aq

023

1 %

049

•h % salicvhc acid+A.a

635

(Lunge, C N 65 110 )

The apparent solubility of this metal m
H 0 is due to the presence of minute quan-
tities of Na Absolutely pure Al does not
lose any weight to H2O and the H2O remains
perfectly clear Also dil acids remain per-
fectly clear (Moissan, C R 1895, 121
794-98, C C 1896, 1 193 )

81 attacked bv H2O at SO0 (W Smith,
J Soc Chem Ind 1904, 23 475 )

Fasily sol in dil or cone HCl+Aq,
\\ hether hot or cold also in HBi , HI, or HF +
Aq Insol in dil H SO<+ Aq (de la Rive), si
attacked by cold, easily by hot cone H2SO4
Not attacked by HNOs-f- 4.q even when < one
and boiling (\Vohler) eatily sol in dil H2SO4,
or HNOj+Aq m vacuo (A\ eeren, B 24 1798) ,
slowly sol m 27 % HN03+\q, 100 corn
HNO3+A.q lequninej 2 monthb to dissolve 2
g \\ (Mont em art im, Gi/z ch it 22 -597),
vciysl sol in most oiginie icids, but solubil
itv ib inn cased b> picsniee of NxCl

Not attacked by dil 01 (OIK UNO, it onl
temp but attacked by hot HM) \tt ickoel
bvHjPO4 (Smith, I Six Clum Ind 1901,
23 475)

Complete 1\ sol it 100° in t\\o houis in
HM), sp pi 1 15-1 K) (Stillniin I Vm
Che in So< 1S97 19 714 )

\civ ( isilj sol m HNO (<onti n\ to th(
usu il st itcnu n< in f < \t bool *+) (\\o\ ( (
190 , J 1 <)4 )

Slowly ittukedln HNOj+Xq (^0 2") <<)
it 2(5-^()° rD<\<ntei Chnn \\eekbl 1907
4 (>9 )

Dil UNO, 01 11 SO, dots not itt id \1
on uumnt oi foini ition oi 1 i\c i of gis \(
turn 1^ me ic is(d ^)^ \ K uuin Solutions oi
imtilhc (hloii({(s the met tl of v\huh is insul
tnd itt uh(s itsdi to tin M(Pt \u, Cu H#)
incioist the solut)ilit3 but when until is
soluble in the uiel (I e /n, et( ) theie is no
incieaso of solubility (Ditte C K 1S<)0,
110 57 O

\iolontlv ittuked))^ dil 01 ( OIK H PO-1 +
\q (Winteloi )

Not ittieked by solutiem of UC\ in heiuul
HCN (Kihlcnbde, J plus (hem 1<H)2,
6 662)

Very easily sol in ee)iie oi dil KOH, e>i
NaOH+Aq Mo^ly ittiekedbv \H4OH-f

Aq (Wohler), sol m BaO2H2+^q (Beck-
mann^J pr (2)26 385) , slowly sol mCaOH2
+Aq

Sol in excess of 10 % KOH+Aq and in
NaOH and LiOH+Aq, sol in hot cone
Ba(OH)2, Sr(OH)2 and Ca(OH)2+Aq ( \llen,
\m Ch J 1900, 24 304-331 )

Attacked bv hot cone NH4OH-f-A,q
(Smith, J Soc Chem Ind 1904, 23 475 )

SI attacked by sulphates, or nitiates+Aq,
but all chlorides, bromides, and iodides, except
those of the alkalies and alkaline eaiths, even
AlCls+Aq, dissolve the metal Insol m
alum, or in NaCl-j-Aq, but sol in alum-f
NaCl+Aq (Tissier, C R 41 362), sol in
NaCl+Aq Seville, A ch (3) 43 14), sol
in neutral FeCls-j-Aq in vacuo (Weeren,
B 24 1798 ) Violently attacked b\ CuCl +
Aq (Tommasi, Bull Soc (2) 37 443 )

Rapidh sol in K2S2O8-|-Aq, more slowly
sol m (NH4) 2^263 +Aq (Levi, Gazz ch it
190S, 38 (1) 583 )

Attacked by (NH4)3PO4+Aq SI attacked
by NaNOs-fAq 01 KNO,+Aq it 100°
(Smith, J Soc Chem Ind 1904 23 475 )

Not affected bv NH4NO,+ \q (Hodgkin-
son, C N 1904, 90 142 )

Attacked by POC1< U 100° iRcmt/er B
13 845)

Insol in liquid I^H{ (C^oie, \m Ch J
189S, 20 826 )

Insol m liquid CO (Buehnei, / ph\s
Ch 1906, 54 674 )

Attacked bv NOC1 (Sudboioiifih C IK in
Soc 1S91, 59 6r)9

03% ihohol ittieks Mlissthm HO Pun
M is itt ickcd le ss tli in ( (nnine j e i il i Hu^ou-
IKIKJ J Ph u in lS9r) (6) 1 r)i7 )

Sol in oi^uiH te ids (ont lining (hlondts
i Smith I So< ( hdii Ind !«»()! 23 17 > )

\eeti< t ut me uxl (itiu Kids ttiul \I
only it (list M< ( il is < o\ < M <1 l>\ 1 i\ < i of
hydio eh but on iddition ot h iloid silts
j,i idu il solution eiisiu s fl)itt( ( P ISMS
127 919 )

"\e)t iff itlcdln sn^. ti | \(j ( Kl< in ( K
102 1170 )

Aluminum arsenide

Deeonip bv HO \vifh < \ olut ion ni \sll(
(\\ohlei POL,^ 11 K>0 )

I)e e 01 up b\ HO ( 1 <>n/< s I )M< on ( H
1900 130 HI > )

Aluminum bonde, \l H(

\ e i\ slo\vl\ sol m hoi ( OIK IK I -f \<| m<f
hot NiiOH+Xq, but < isil\ in nnxl< i it< 1\
strong u inn H\())-f-\(j (Iiunp( \ 183
7> )

\1 H 4 Not itt ukeel b\ IK 1 oi KOII +
\c] Se u<el\ itt i<l ed l>\ boiluiw, II SOj
Hot cone UNO i + Ac{ dissolves gi idu ill\ but
< oniph te 1\ (H unpe , 1 ( )

Aluminum borocarbide, Vl^C B4S

Jnsol in HO, HC1+ \q, H SO.-f-Vq ot

ALUMINUM CHLORIDE

KCH-fAq, slowly sol m hot cone HjSTO3-h
Aq CHarnpe, 1 c )

Aluminum bromide, AlBi 3

Anhydrous Dissolved b> H20 \uth great
violence and evolution of much heat "Very
sol in alcohol More sol in CS2 than A1I3
(Weber, Pogg 103 264 )

Sol in SOC12 (Besson, C R 1896, 123
884)

Sol in C2H6Br (Plotmkoff, G C 1902,
II 617)

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4328), (Fidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Solubility of AlBr3 in organic liquids

MO

ffl§

•i§

Solvent

t°

"o^

t°

s°i

t°

48°
45

0
8 5

130°
140

43 2

48 4

50°

38

66 0
67 2

42

13 8

142

50

50

70 7

38

18 3

140

52 1

60

74 2

50

21

130

54 5

70

78 3

Benzo-

60

23 4

120

56 7

80

83 3

phenone

70

25 7

110

58 6

85

86 7

80

28 1

100

60 3

90

90 7

90

30 6

90

61 7

93

94 8

100

33 4

80

62 9

96

100

110

36 3

70

64 1

120

39 b

bO

o5 1

10°

0

20°

33 9

70°

72 7

b

8 4

^0

40 1

80

82 3

1< thyleiu

2

Ib 0

40

47 2

90

92 2

biouiidt

— 2

22 9

50

55 1

9b

100

10

2S 4

dO

63 6

—0 r)

0

S5

47

40°

72 b

-2 5

(> r)

90

)() S

60

79 4

rj

1 * 0

SO

^ S

70

S3 9

lit n/oyl

10

17 4

()()

5b

80

S9 2

< hloii<!(

$()

24 (>

40

59 5

90

9 •> S

")()

il s

20

(>* 1

9b

100

70

40

7

fo^ 5

SO

44 *

20

()7 (1

(JVIdisdiutl in, Vim hist Pol lM<-Cri,
13 1 )

-H>H O Vuy sol in H 0

-flr)IIO fl'indloft, J li 1895 7S5 )

Aluminum antimony bromide, 2 \113i {, )SbBi

+24H 0

Hygios<opi( l)((omp by H>() (^(in-
land, B 1003, 36 25S)

Aluminum potassium bromide, AlBi3, KBr
Sol in H O (Weber, Pogg 103 267 )

Aluminum bromide ammonia, 41Br3, #NH3
Decomp by HO (Weber, Pogg 103

267)

Aluminum perbromide carbon fosulphide,
41Br3 Br4, CSo

Sol in ether, eth} 1 bromide, ethylene brom-
ide and benzene, decomp by H O (Plot-
mkoff, J Russ ph>s Chem Soc 1901, 33
91, C C 1901,1 1193)

2A.lBr3,Br4,CS2 Sol in ether and benzene,
insol in petroleum ether (Plotmkoff, I c )

Aluminum bromochlonde, AJC1 Br
Deliquescent Somewhat less \aolently dis-

solved by HoO than is AlBr3 (v Bartal,

Z anorg 1907, 55 154 )

+6H O Dehquescent Sol in H 0 with-

out evolution of heat (\ Bartal, Z anorg

1907,55 155)

Aluminum carbide, A14C3

Decomp by fused KOH at 100°, insol m
fuming HNOs in the cold, decomp by H^O,
and dil acids (Moissan, Bull Soc 1894, (3)
11 1012, C R 1894, 119 16-20 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4328)

Aluminum chloride, basic, 41 Oi4Hio, HC1

Easily sol m H 0 (Schlumberger, Bull
Soc 1895, (3) 13 56 )

Aluminum chloride, 4JC13
Anhydrous \eiy deliquescent Sol in
pQ with a hitosmg noise and evolution of

heat Solution of \1C13 in H 0 loses HC1 on

evapoiation, and \1CU is finally wholly con-

veited into 4.1 Os

Sol in 1 432 pt& H>O at 15° (Geilach )
\lClsH-Aq containing 19 15 c/c \1C13 boils

\t 103 4° \1C1 + Vq cont umng 38 3 ^0 4.1C13

boils it 1128° (Geilach )

of

1*5°

, \!Ch

sp ^r

, \lClj

sp gr

1

1 0072

)J

1 1709

2

1 0144

Jl

1 179o

1

1 02 Ib

24

1 1881

4

1 02S9

2>

1 196S

)

1 (W»l

2h

1 20oS

()

1 04 T)

27

1 2149

7

1 0)10

2s

1 2241

s

1 <hS5

20

1 2*31

<)

1 OtnO

>()

1 2422

10

1 0734

>1

1 2)1S

11

1 OS12

>2

1 2bl5

12

1 OS90

ii

1 2711

li

1 OObS

>4

1 2SOS

14

1 1047

35

1 2905

1 ->

1 1123

^b

1 3007

Ib

1 1207

37

1 3109

17

1 1290

:>S

1 5211

18

1 1372

i9

1 3313

19

1 1455

40

1 3415

20

1 15o7

41

1 3522

21

1 1632

(Gerlach, Z anal 8 281 )

8

ALUMINUM AMMONIUM CHLORIDE

Sp gr at 20° of AlCls-fAq containing mg
mols AlCls per liter

M

Sp gr

0 01

1 00104

0 025

1 00282

0 05

1 00588

0 075

1 00870

0 10

1 01158

0 25

1 02911

0 55

1 05706

1 0

1 11054

1 5

1 16308

2 0

1 21378

(Jones & Pearce, Am Ch J 1907, 38 726 )

Sol in 1 pt strong alcohol at 12 5° (Wen-
zel), easily sol in ether, si sol in CS2, insol
in hgroine or benzene

Difficultly sol in AsBrs (Walden, Z
anorg 1902, 29 374 )

Sol in AlBr8 (Isbekow, Z anorg 1913,
84 26)

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin. Am Ch
J 1898, 20 826 )

Insol in CS2 at ord temp (Arctowski, Z
anorg 1894, 6 257 )

Sol in benzomtrile (Naumann, B 1914,
47 1369)

Difficultly sol in acetone (Naumann, B
1904, 37 4328 )

Insol m ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1910,43 314)

Insol in methylal (Eidmann. C C 1899,
II 1014)

Solubility of AlCls in organic liquids

«8

^g

0

Solvent

t°

il

t°

*i

t

H

48°

0

130°

43 2

130°

66 0

44

8 5

125

48 4

140

b7 2

39 5

13 8

120

50

150

70 7

50

18 3

110

52 1

160

74 2

60

21

100

54 5

170

78 3

Benzo-

70

23 4

90

50 7

180

83 3

phenone

80

25 7

80

58 6

185

86 7

90

28 1

70

60 3

190

90 7

100

30 b

60

61 7

192

94 S

110

33 4

80

62 9

194

100

120

36 3

100

64 1

125

39 6

120

65 1

-0 5°

0

60°

33 0

80°

52 9

-4

7 9

70

37 5

70

55 1

Benzoyl

-7 5

12 7

80

42 2

60

57 2

chloride

0

14 1

90

47 1

40

61 0

20

18 8

93

48 7

40

25 0

90

50 6

(Menschutkm, Ann Inst Pol P-le-Gr

13 1)

-f-6H20 Very deliquescent, very sol m
H20 Sol m 0 25 pt H2O (Thomson )

Sol in 2 pts abs alcohol at ordinary temp ,
and 1 5 pts at b -pt (Thomson )

Completely insol in a solution of ether m
H20 sat with HC1 (Havens, Am J Sci
1898, (4) 6 46

Aluminum ammonium chloride, A1C13, NH4C1
(Baud, A ch 1904, (8) 1 46 )
Aluminum antimony chloride
See Chlorantunonate, aluminum

Aluminum barium chloride, 2A1C13, BaCI2
(Baud, C R 1901, 133 869 )

Aluminum calcium chloride, basic

3CaO, CaCl2, A1203+10H2O (Stemmetz,

Z phys Ch 1905, 52 466 )

lOCaO, CaCl2, 6A1203 Slowly decomp by

boiling H2O (Gorgeu, Bull Soc 1887, (2)

48 ol )

Aluminum calcium chloride, 4A1C13, 3CaCU

(Baud, A ch 1904, (8) 1 51 )
Aluminum mtrosyl chloride, A1C13, NOC1

Deliquescent, and decomp bv H2O ( Webei
Pogg, 118 471 )

Aluminum palladium chloride, A1C13, PdCl2+

10H2O

See Chloropalladite, aluminum
Aluminum phosphorus pentachlonde, A1C13,

Decomp violently by H O (Baudnmont )

Aluminum phosphoryl chloride, MClj, POC13
Deliquescent bol m H/) with decomp
Sol in warm POC13, from which it scpaiates
on cooling (Casselmann, A 98 J.20 )

Aluminum platinum chloride, MC1}, PtCl -f

15H,0
See Chloroplatimte, aluminum

Aluminum potassium chloride, Al( lj, K( 1

Slowly deliquescent Sol m HO with
evolution oi licit and decomp (I)<ft(n, A
18 332)

Aluminum selenium chloride, 2 \1C1 ,, S< Ch

Sol in H 0 with evolution ot heat and
sepaiation of traces of soli mum (Weber.
Pogg 104 427 )

Aluminum sodium chloride, A1C13, NaCl

Much less deliquescent than AlCla Sol in
H2O with evolution of heat Upon evapoiat-
mg, NaCl crystallises out (Wohler )

Aluminum strontium chloride, 4A1C13, 3SrCl2

(Baud, A ch 1909, (8) 1 52 )
Aluminum sulphur chloride, 2A1C13, SC14

Decomp by H->0 with evolution of much

ALUMINUM MAGNESICJM FLUORIDE

9

teat and separation of some sulphur (Weber.
>ogg, 104 421 )

A1C18,SC14 Decomp by H20 (Ruff, B
901, 34 1757 )

Uuminum tellurium chloride, 2A1C18, TeCl4
Very sol in dil H2S04+Aq (Weber, J pr
T6 313)

Uuminum chloride ammonia, A1C18, NH3
Sol in H20 (Rose, Pogg, 24 248 )
Completely sol in H2O (Baud, C R

L901, 132 135 )
Aids, 2NH8 Very hygroscopic (Stall-

man, Am Ch J 1895, 17 750 )
Aids, 3NH8 Decomp bv H2O
A1C13, 5NH8 M pt 380° (Baud, C R

1901, 132 135 )
Aids, 6NH3 Decomp by H2O (Still-

tnan, Am Ch J 1895, 17 752 ) Somewhat

hygroscopic (Baud, C R 1901, 132 135 )

Aluminum chloride nitric oxide, 12A1C18, NO
Very hygroscopic Decomp rapidly m the
air Sol in KOH+Aq (Thomas, C R
1895,121 130)

Alummum chloride phosphine, 3A1C18, PH8

Decomp by H20 or NH4OH+Aq (Rose
Pogg, 24 295 )

Aluminum chloride hydrogen sulphide

Deliquescent Decomp by H»0 or NH4OH
-f Aq (Wohler )

Aluminum chloride sulphur cfooxide, A1C13,
SO2

Decomp by H2O, alcohol, 01 benzene
(Adnanowski, B 12 688)

2A1C13, feO (Baud, A ch 1904, (8) 1 32 )

Aluminum cobalt,

Sol in strong acids (Biunck, B 1901,34
2734)

Aluminum copper, Cu4Al9

Sol in aqua regia, dccomp by HC1
(Biunck, B 1901, 34 27:H )

Aluminum fluoride, All j

Anhydrous Not attacked b> H O or acids,
and only very slightly b> boiling cone H2SO4
Insol in boiling KOH+ \q (Deville, C R
42 49)

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1910, 43 314 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4328)

-f J^H2O Insol in H20 SI sol in HF
(Baud, C R 1902, 135 1104 )

-|-H20 Completely but only sparingly sol
in H20 (Mazzuchelli, Real Ac Line 1907,
(5) 16, I 775, Chem Soc 1907, 92, (2) 549 )

+3^H2O Two modifications (1) Easily
sol m H20 Sol m HP (2) Insol in H20
SI sol mHF (Baud, C R 1902,136 1104)

+7BUO Sol in H2O (DeviUe, A ch (3)
61 329)

Min Fluelhte

-f 8MH20 Very efflorescent Sat solu-
tion contains 3 85 g A1F8 per 100 g at 11°
and 1 2 g at - 0 2° (Mazzucchelh, Real Ac
Line 1907, (5) 16, I 775, Chem Soc 1907,
(2), 92 549 )

Aluminum hydrogen fluoride, 3A1F8, 2HF-{-
5H20

Sol in H20, precipitated by alcohol
(Devule)

2A1F8, HF-f 5H2O (Deville, A ch (6) 61
329)

Aluminum ammonium fluoride, A1F3, NH4F
Somewhat sol in H2O, insol in H20 con-
taining NH4OH or NH4F (Berzelius, Pogg

A1F8, 2NH4F+1 5H20 Sol m 100 pts
H20 at 16° (Baud, C R 1902, 135 1338 )

A1F8, 3NH4F Nearly insol in H20, easilj
sol in dil acids (Petersen, J pr (2) 40 35 )

Quite easily sol in HoO, but insol in
NH4F+Aq (Helmholt, Z anorg 3 129 )

Aluminum barium fluoride

Apparently not obtained in pure state
(Roder )

Aluminum calcium fluoride, A1F3 CaF H-H<>0

Mm Evigtokite

Aluminum calcium sodium fluoride, \1F3.

CaF2, NaF+H 0
Mm Pachnohte

Aluminum cobaltous fluonde, A1F3, CoF>-{-

7HO

Sol in dil HF-hAq (\\ emland, Z -\noig
1899, 22 272 )

Aluminum cupnc fluonde, 2 A.1F3, Cut
Vei> skml} but completeh sol in H O

(Berzelius )
A1F3 2Cut +11H O Sol mdil H* +Aq

(Wemland, Z anoig 1809, 22 272-76 )
2A1B3 3CuF+18HO Sol in dil Hr -h

Aq (Wemland )

Aluminum cupnc hydrogen fluonde, -UF

CuF , HF+8H O

Efflorescent m the air Sol in dil HF-|-\q
(Wemland, Z anorg 1899, 22 272 )

Aluminum iron (ferrous) fluonde, \1F3

FeF2+7H O

SI sol m dil HF+\q (\\emland, L
anorg 1899, 22 270 )

Aluminum lithium fluoride
Insol in H 0 (Berzelius )

Aluminum magnesium fluoride

2A1F3, MgF (?) (Roder )

10

ALUMINUM NICKEL FLUORIDE

Aluminum nickel fluoride, A1F3, NiF2-f 7H20
SI sol in dil HF+Aq (Weinland, Z
anorg 1899, 22 271 )

Aluminum potassium fluoride, AlFs, 3KF
Very si sol in acid solutions, and still less

in HoO (Gay-Lussac and Th6nard )
A1F3} 2KF As above

Aluminum silicon fluoride
See Fluosilicate, aluminum

Aluminum sodium fluoride

2A1F3, 3NaF Mm Chiohte

\1F3; 2NaF Mm Chodneffite

A1F3, 3NaF Mm Cryolite SI sol in
H20 Insol m HCl+Aq Decomp by
HoSO4, or by boihng with NaOH+Aq

Alum mum strontium fluoride
\s the Ba salt (Roder )

Aluminum thallous fluonde, 2A1F3, 3T1F

Ppt SI sol in H 0 (Ephraim, Z anorg
1909, 61 243 )

Aluminum zinc fluonde, A1F3, ZnF -j-7H2O
Sol in dil HP 4- -^q (Weinland, Z anorg

1899, 22 272 )
2 -VlF^j ZnF Slowly but completely sol

m H 0 (Ber/elius )

Aluminum hydroxide, \\ Oj, HO
-\10 (OH)

Dehydi ated by cone a< idb, \\ ithout dibbolv
ing; (Bccquercl, C R , 67 108 )

Mm Diat>poie Insol in HCl-j- \q, uid
not attaokod by boiling cone H SO4, unless
it h ib been ignited

\1 O , 2H 0 = \1 0(OH)4 Pptd Al hy-
dio\id(, \\hen boiled t\\erity liouis with If ()
is msol in Kids ind ilk ilios md his th(
tbove (ompubition (St Gille s, \ eh ( \)
46 57 )

Mm BauuU

Soluble tnodtjicatiotib — f i) MUa aluminum
hydi oxide brom ba^u AL ac<taU Sol in
H () md nioic H idily in HC Hd() 1 lu
iqueous solution is eoigulitcd by ti lees of
ilkahes, many icids, uid s ilts, while othci
tcids and siltb have no effect I hus, 1 pt
H SO4 m 1000 pts H C) ulded to 7000 pts of
above solution contuning 20 ptb AM^, < on-
veits the liquid into i neajJy solid m iss
CitiK, tiitanc, o\ih(, chionnc, rnolybdi(,
racemic, suberic, silnylie bcnzoic, gillie,
lactic, cmnmiic, butvnc, vale IK, c unphoiic
picnc, unc, mecomc, comenic, and hemipimc
acids act m the same way HC1 and HN()i
have fai lesb action, 600 mols being neressaiy
to pioduce the same effect as 1 mol H2feO4,
\\hile acetic, foimic, bone, arsemous, pyro-

mecomc, and opiamc acids do not coagulate
the solution, except when moderate!} cone
1 pt KOH in 1000 pts H2O coagulates 9000
pts of the solution NaOH, NH4OH, and
Ca(OH)2 have the same effect

The solution is not coagulated b> acetates,
unless added m large quantity, and even
then the ppt is redissolved when treated with
H2O Nitrates and chlorides coagulate with
difficulty, Na2S04, MgSO4, and CaS04+Aq
however, have as strong an action as a liquid
containing the same amount of H>SO4 A.
teaspoonful of the solution introduced into
the mouth solidifies at once from the action
of the saliva The ppt formed by acids is
not sol in an ecessx of the acid, but by the
long continued action of cone H2S04 espe-
cially if hot, the ppt is dissolved, boiling
cone HCl+Aq also dissolves it, but less read-
ily than H2S04 The ppt is sol in boiling
cone KOH+Aq The residue, \\hen the
solution is evaporated at 100°, has composi-
tion A12O3, 2H20, and is msol in acids
(Cium, Chem Soc 6 225 )

(b) By Dialysis Sol in H2O from which
it is separated by extremely small amounts of
various substances, as acids, ammonia, salts
(especially K2SO4), caiamel, etc \n excess
of acid dissolves the coagulurn It the solu-
tion contains 0 5% \.\>Qs or less, it miv be
boiled without change, but the h\ dioxide
separateb out suddenly when it is udueed to
*/2 its vol , anel even vciy elil solutions &( 1 1-
tinise spontaneously in i f < \v di\s 1 IK
solution is not co igul ite d by il< ohol or sug ir
(Giahim A 121 41 )

Al O,, m O^Al(On)( (rytfalliwl Diffi
rultly sol in Kids md ilk iln s ((ossi \
Cnn (2) 3 22S ) Insol in boilnu IK 1+ \q
(WohUi, \ 113 24<) ) si sol mI\OHH-V(,
neirlymsol in cold H SO, 11(1 ll\O+\()
vei\ slo\vl\ sol in hot IK 1+ \q mon M ulily
m hot H SO 4 (v Bonsdoifl I'n^ 27 27 > )

o-modific ition (rnsttbl( Clunks into
/3 modifu ition Sol in \-H SO, it onl
t(rnp Sol in N-N tOII ui<l in hot \ (OH oi
<on«ntrition r>N i O 100II O (Huss /
inoiK 1904 41 22I> )

/3-inodifie ition Insol in \ II SO, it ord
t(inj) DiHi(iilt\ sol in \\ uni \ \ iOH I>ut
( isilj sol in hot N lOH of <oiu<nti ition
r)N tO, 100II O Its solubihU in \i0ll in
(leises with IIHK is( in (ommti it ion oi tin
hydiox\l ions ( Huss )

fl-modifu ition IH isil\ sol in (OIK II S()4,
only si sol in IK 1 H\Oi ot K(ti< Kids or
in ilkih+Vq (loinmisi ( C 1905, II
M)p> )

Mm Gibbwh Sol mll(l+\(i md dil
HjSO^-j-'Xo He ulily sol in (OIK I\()II md
NiOH+4ci

Precipitated Complete 1\ msol in II O or
H CO^-hAei LJ isily sol m acids \vbfii fieshly
pptd , but solubility diminishes on st Hiding

Easily bol in KOH 01 NiOH+\q (Son-
nenschem )

ALUMINUM MERCURIC IODIDE

11

Herz (Z anorg 25 155) found that alum-
lum hydroxide which has been dried in a
acuum dessicator requires for solution in
faOH+Aq 3 atoms Na to 1 atom Al
lade (Z Mektrochem 1911, 17 261) *as
nable to obtain this result Her/ says Slade's
rror is due to insufficient shaking of the solu-
on (Herz Z Elektrochem 1911, 17 403 )

New solubility determinations verify the
batement of Herz (Z anorg 25, 155) that the
Dlubihty of A1(OH)3 in NaOH-f Aq is pro-
ortional to the concentration of NaOH
hey do not, however, veiify his statement
hat the ratio Na Al in the solutions is al-
ways 3 1, for the author finds that the ratio
Ja Al varies from 2 1 to 10 1 depending
n the conditions of precipitation and the
lethod and duration of drying of the A1(OH)3
Slade, Z Elektrochem, 1912, 18 1 )

SI sol in NH4OH+Aq when freshly pptd ,
>ut presence of NH4 salts diminish its solu-
ulity, and it separates out completely after
ong standing (Fresemus )

Somewhat sol in NH4OH+Aa, the more
eadily the larger the vol of H2O Somewhat
ol in (NH4)2CO3-hAa, but less than in
ra4OH+Aq SI sol in dil NH4Cl+Aq,
inless that salt be in large excess It is finally
vholly pptd if allowed to stand several da> s

18752 pts NH4OH+Aq (4 % NH4OH) dis
olve an amt of A1(OH)3 corresponding to one
)t AUCh, NH4C1 pi events this solubility al
nost complercly (Hanarnann, Phaim \ lei
elj 12 527)

A1(OH)3, piepucd by ppt of a solution of
M(NOj)3 with NH4OH, nltcicd in<l cashed
q insol in NH4OH+ \q

\l(OH)i pie pued by pptn of i solution of
)otassium aliunmite with \H4G1 is sol in
i IUM (\ccss of NHjOII if this is idd(d to
the ppt it on< ( 1 his modifu it ion \vhi(h is
3ol in NH4()II is unst ibl< ind e isilv Rots
>vci into tlu modihc ition \\hich is insol in
MI4()H (Ren/ H 1<)(H, 36 2751 )

Coiu (NIIi) (Oj-t-\q do(s not (iissoKc
Vl(OII) tnd no! i ti K < is dissolved by boiling
com M!4(l+\q (\\eeien Pogg 92 ()7 )

With NH4I + \q, it loins i double silt,
Ul *NH4I vv huh is so! in II <) but not in
NH41 -Mq (Hdinholt / moig 3 127 )

Insol in (NH,)S+\q (Miliguti ind
Duroehci \ eh ( i) 17 121) I udis found,
on tin (onti n> th it it is not \\hollv insol in
(NH4)S+\q (Iiesemus Quint)

Insol inluCli+Xc} ( Be ( h imp )

I)(t(rnnn itions of tlu solubility of iluin-
inum hydioxidi in \1C 1{+\(J show thit put
gots into solution to form i compound while
the greater put is in the colloidal fonn
(luschu, Z moifi 1()04, 40 46)

Only si sol in com Al (SO4)i-f^q, but
solubility increases with clccnaso in concen-
tiation of Al2(SO4)j until it reaches a maxi-
mum at a coneentiation of 32 % Al Cfe04)3
at 20°, 28 % at 40°, and 38 % at 60° With
further decrease in concentration of Al (S04)a

the solubility of A1(OH)3 in A12(SO4)3 dim-
inishes (Kremann, C A 1909 2422 )

Sol in Ba(OH)o+Aq (Rose)

Sol in boiling Fe(NO3)s, Cr(NO3)3,
Bi(NOa),, Hg(NO,)2, HgNO,, SnCl2, and
SbCl3+A.q (Persoz)

Insol m HCN or cold KCN-Kq, but si
sol mhotKCN+Aq (Rose)

Insol m KC,H30 +Aq (Osann, 1821 )

When moist, sol in H SO3-{-Aq, from which
it is lepptd on boiling (Berthier, \. ch (3)
7 76)

Somewhat sol in NaC H3O2+^q (Mer-
cer )

Not pptd b> NH4OH+Aq in presence of
Na citrate (Spiller )

Sol in ethyl amme, amyl amme, sinkalme,
ethvl picolme hydroxide, stibethyhum hy-
droxide, tnethyltoluenj 1 ammonium hydrox-
ide H- \q (Fnedlander )

Sol in alkyl amines (Renz, B 1903, 36
2751)

Insol m acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4328 )

Sol to a considerable extent in K2C4H406-f-
\q

\eivsl sol in cane sugar +^q (Ramsey )

Solubilit\ m glycerine -h Aq containing
about bO % by vol of gl>ceime 100 cc
of the solution contain 0 25 g \1 O3 (M ullei ,
Z anoig 1905, 43 322 )

•UO, 5HO Insol in H>0, NH4OH +
\q and alcohol Sol in HC1 and H\03+
\q (Zunmo, Gazz ch it 1900 30 (1)
194)

Vl6OMHin, Tri aluminum h> droxide

\ ot sol in cone ac ids in the cold not sol
in KOH (cold) and onh bl sol m hot KOH
Chaiactenzod b\ its solubility in exactly ont
inol dil HC1 Dil bolutions do not gelatinize
c vc n on long btandmg Cone solution ol
\H4C1 and other silts faust ppt \\hich it
dissohcs on ukhtion of H C)

\lkilios incl dkah caibonitcs dtoonip th<
silt uith IK 1 ind ])j)t ti uilununumi In
clio\i<lc H S()4 and sol siilphitc-s give iriso1
compels \Mtli the Inch itc UNO* hkt HC1
^i\(s soliibU (oinpds \\ith the Imh it(
(Stiuctuiil toimuli gi\(ii) (Schlumbcigc-i
Bull Soc 1S95 (5) 13 41-(>") C C 1895, 1
421 )
Aluminum iodide, Vll ,

Anhydrous lunuson in ind clc hqiust t ^
Sol in H O \\ith e\olution of much he it Sol
in Cs md d\st illi/osfiom thr hot sit solu
tion on cooling (A\obci ) Sol in ilcohol
(\\ oboi ) , ether ind t( ti i< hloi me th \ne ( Gus-
t u son )

Sol in AlBii (Isbcko\\ 7 \noig 1()H
84 2b)

+hH () \uy sol m H ()

Aluminum mercuric iodide, \1I3, Hgl +SH O
\ eiy deliquescent, sol in HoO \\ithout dc-
comp (Dubom, C R 1908,14=6 1028)

12

ALUMINUM POTASSIUM IODIDE

L

Aluminum, potassium iodide, Alls? KI

Sol in H2O with evolution of much heat
(Weber, Pogg 101 469 )

Aluminum iodide ammonia, A1I3, 3NHS
Decomp byH2O (Weber, Pogg 103 263 )

Aluminum iodide mercuric oxyiodide, 2A1I3,

HgO, 3HgI2+15H20
(Dubom, C R 1907, 145 714 )

Aluminum iron, FeAl8

Readily sol in strong HNOs (Brunck, B
1901, 34 2734 )

Aluminum manganese, Mn2Aly

Sol m strong HC1 (Brunck, B 1901, 34
2735)

Aluminum molybdenum, Al4Mo

Easily sol in hot HJST03 or HC1 (Wohler,
A 1860, 116 103 )

Al2Mo (GuiUet, C R 1901, 133 293 )

AlMo (Guillet )

AlMo4 Not attacked by dil HCl-fAq
(GuiUet )

\lMoao Not attacked by HCl+Aq
(Guillet )

Alum mum nickel, Al3Ni

Sol in strong acids (Brunck, B 1901, 34
2734)

Aluminum nitride, A12N

Slowly attacked by hot 01 cold H O De-
comp by acids and aqueous solutions of the
alkalies, especially when they aie concen-
trated (Mallet, A 186 155 )

Easily decomp H20 when fine lv po\\ deiecl
(Rossil, C R 1895, 121 942 )

Decomp by moist an and bv boiling H O
and by alkalis -f-Aq (InncL Ch Z 1S97,
21 263

Aluminum oxide, Al O^

Crystalline Mm Corundum, sapphire,
ruby, emery Insol in acids

Amorphous Ignited A1203 is insol in
acids except that it dibsolveb slowly v^hen
heated with a mixture of 1 pt H2SO4 and 1
pt H20 (Berzelms ) Slowly bol in boiling
HCl-fAq (Rose, Pogg 52 595 )

Sol in 22 pts of a mixture of 8 ptb H SO4
and 1 pt H2O (Mitscherhch ) 1 he lower
the temperature at which Al^Os has been
heated, the more sol is it in acids and alkalies

Solubility in (calcium sucrat e-h sugar ) +

1 1 solution containing 418 6 g sugar and
34 3 g CaO dissolves 1 35 g AL>03, 1 1 solu-
tion containing 296 5 g sugar and 24 2 g
CaO dissolves 0 32 g A120S, 1 1 solution con-
taining 174 4 g sugar and 14 1 g CaO dis-

solves 0 19 g A1208 (Bodenbender, J B
1865 600)

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4328)

See also Aluminum, hydroxide

Aluminum peroxide, A1203, Alo04+10H20

Ppt , sol in acids with decomp (Term,
C A 1912 3068 )

oxybromide

Basic aluminum bromides containing three
equivalents or less of A1208 to one of AlBr3
are sol in H20 Those containing more than
three equivalents are insol (Ordway, Am J
Sci (2) 26 203 )

Aluminum oxychlonde

Sol in dil acids or alkalies Decomp by
H20 (Hautefeuille and Perrey, C R 100
1220)

Basic aluminum chlorides containing two
equivalents or less of A12O8 to one of A1C18
are sol in H2O Those containing more than
two equivalents are insol (Ordway )

A1203, 3A1C13+3H2O (Tommasi, Bull
Soc (2) 37 443 )

A1208, 8A1C18+3H20 (1 ommasi )

3A1203, A1C13+15H2O (Tommasi )

Aluminum phosphide, A13P

Unstable (Franck, Ch Z 1898, 22 240 )

A12P2 Decomp byH2O (Fonzes-Diacon,
C R 1900, 130 1315 )

Unstable (Franck, Ch Z 1898, 22 240 )

A13P7 Dtcomp by H2O and icids
ffranck )

Al^P? Decomp by HO ind acids

(Irinck, Ch Z 1898, 22 JSS )

A16P3 Unstibk (!M inck, Ch Z 1SOS,
22 240)

Aluminum platinum, Pta Vim

1 IK Al is dissolved out I >> I LCI (Biutifk,
B 1901, 34 27*5 )

Aluminum selemde, Al S< j

Decomp by II O (1 oii/<s l)i icon, C H
1900, 130 lUr) )

(VViukkr,

Aluminum silicide, Al Si4

M 010 easily sol in u ids thin
J pi 91 195)

Aluminum chromium silicide, \1

Insol in hot cone HC1, HNOa, H S()4 ind
aquaregia Sol in cold Ht or in HI +HNOa
Sol in molten alkali Insol in NaOH+Aq,
KOCl+Aq or fused KC10, 01 KHS04 (M m-
chot and Kieser, A 1904, 337, 356 )

Al2Cr4Si8 Insol in hot cone HC1, HN03,
H2S04 and aqua regia Sol in HF and in
molten alkali (Manchot and Kieser A
1904, 337 358 )

AMIDOPHOSPHATE, FERRIC

13

Aluminum tungsten sihcide

Insol in most acids and aqua regia Easily
sol in HF, HN08 and in molten alkali Not
attacked by dil NaOH+Aq (Manchot and
Kieser, A 1904, 337 360 )

Aluminum vanadium silicide,

Sol in HF Not attacked by hot cone
HC1, HNO8, H2SO4 or aqua regia Decomp
by fusing with NaOH Stable toward fused
KC103 (Manchot, A 1907,357 134)

Aluminum sulphide, A1S

Decomp by H20 Sol in acids and alkalis
(Regelsberger, Z Elektrochem, 1898, 4 548 )

A12S8 Decomp in moist air and by H20
(Wohler ) Insol in acetone (Naumann, B
1904, 37 4328 )

Aluminum chromium sulphide, Al2S3,CrS

SI attacked by HCl+Aq Gradually de-
comp by HNO3 (Houdard, C R 1907,
144 1115)

Aluminum magnesium sulphide, A12S3, MgS
Decomp by H20, alcohol and acids
(Houdard, C R 1907, 144 1116 )

Aluminum potassium sulphide

Violently decomposed by H20 (St Claire
DeviUe, J pr 71 293 )

Does not exist (Gratama, R t c 3 4 )

Aluminum silver sulphide, 5A12S3, 4Ag2S
(Cambi, Real Ac Line (5) 21, II 838 )

Aluminum telluride

Decomp by H2O (Wohler, Pogg 11 160 )

Aluminum titamde, Al4Ti

Not attacked by H20 or by cold HNOS
SI sol in waim HNOs Sol in cold cone
H2S04 or HC1 Sol m warm KOH+Aq
(Levy, A ch 1902, (6) 26 449 )

Sol in HC1 and m aqua regia (Guillet )

Al3Ti Sol m hot dil H S04 and in hot
KOH-faq Sol in hot cone acids (Man-
rhot, A 1907, 357 142 )

Al3li2 Alummothermic pioduct is sol in
HC1 and aqua icgia (Guillet )

Aluminosulphunc acid, Al2(S04H)6-f
7H20

Sol m H2O with decomp into A12(SO4)3

and H2SO4 (Silbeiberger, M 1904, 25 222 )

Diamide, N2H4
See Hydrazme

Anndochromic acid

Amidochromates
Do not exist Those described by Darm-

stadter and Lowenthal are impure bichro-
mates (Wyrouboff, Bull Soc 1894, (3) 11
845-53, C C 1894, II 610 )

Ammonium amidochromate, (NH4)NH2Cr03
Very sol m H2O (Lowenthal, Z anorg

1894, 6 363 )
Is ammonium dichromate (Wyrouboff.

BuU Soc (3) 11 845 )

Lithium amidochromate, LiNH2CrOs

Very sol in H20 and acids (Lowenthal,
Z anorg 1894, 6 364 )

Potassium amidochromate, KCr08NH2

Sol only in H20 Sat solution in H20
contains 13 % of the salt (Heintze, J pr
(2) 4 214 )

Anndophosphonc acid, HP08(NH2)«

PO(NH2) (OH)2

Sol in H20, but decomp on standing or by
heat (Stokes, Am Ch J 15 198 )

amidophosphate

Ppt Sol mNH4OH+Aq (Stokes)

Ammonium amidophosphate,
NH4HP03(NH2)

Very sol m H20 (Stokes )

Barium amidophosphate, BaP03(NH )-f H«O

Very si sol in H20 (Stokes)

BaH2(P03NH2)2+2J4H2O Quite diffi-
cultly sol mH2O (Stokes)

Calcium amidophosphate, CaPOs(NH2)
Much less sol in H20 than Ba salt

(Stokes )
CaH2(P03NH2)2 Much less sol in H O

than the Ba salt (Stokes )

Chromic amidophosphate

Ppt Sol m \\ arm NH4OH + Aq (Stokes )

Cobalt amidophosphate

Neutral Ppt

Aczd SI sol mH20,sol mNH4OH + 4q

Cupnc amidophosphate
Neutral SI sol m H20
Avid Nearly insol in HoO

Ferrous amidophosphate

Neutral Sol m much H20, and m
HC2H8O2, or NH4OH+Aq

Add Nearly insol in H20 or NH4Cl+Aq
Sol in NH4OH+Aq

Feme amidophosphate
Neutral Ppt Sol in excess of alkali

14

AMIDOPHO&PHYTE, HYDROXYLAMINE

amidophosphate and in NH4OH + Aq Insol
inHCaHsOs-fAq
Acid As the neutral salt

Hydroxylamine amidophosphate,

(NH8O)HP03(NH2)
SI sol mH20 (Stokes)

Lithium amidophosphate, LiHP03(NH )
SI sol mH2O (Stokes)

Magnesium amidophosphate, MgPO3(NH2)
-h7H20

Very si sol in H20, quite easily sol in dil
NH4Cl-hAq Sol inHC2H3Oo+4Lq (Stokes)

MgH2(P03NH2)2 + 3KH2O Insol in
NBUCl+Aq (Stokes )

Manganese amidophosphate
Neutral Ppt
Acid SI sol in H2O

Nickel amidophosphate

Neutral Ppt Sol in HC H8O«, or
NEUOH-fAq
Acid SI sol in H O

Potassium amidophosphate, K PO3(NH2)

Very sol in H2O and not decomp bv boil-
ing (Stokes )

KHPO3(NH2) Easily sol m cold HA
msol in alcohol (Stokes )

Silver amidophosphate, Ag2PO3(NH )

Almost msol in H2O Sol m HN"O3 01

NH4OH-HAq
AgHP03(NH2) SI sol m H20, easily sol

m dil HNO, or HC2H30,+Aq, xlbO in

NH4OH-j-Aq

Sodium amidophosphate, Na2POtJ(NH )
Not deliquescent, very sol in H O pptd

tiom aqueous solution by alcohol (Stokcb )
NaHP03(NH)-fM(>)HO Nenh nibol

m cold, and decomp by hot H O Insol m

alcohol

Zinc amidophosphate

Neutral Perceptibly sol m H O

Add SI sol in H>O, bol in NH4()H or

HC>H3O +Aq

Diamidophosphonc acid, PO(NH2)2OH
Sol in cold H O, almost msol m alcohol,
stable in the air but decomp when heated and
by boiling in aq solution (btokes, Am Ch
J 1894, 16 130 )

Barium ^amidophosphate, [PO(NH2) 0]2Ba
Very sol in H^O, msol in alcohol, aq
solution decomp slovtly (Stokes. Am Ch
J 1894, 16 134 )

Magnesium cfeamidophosphate, [PO(NH2)2

0]2Mg
Sol in H O , msol m alcohol (Stokes )

Potassium ^amidophosphate, PO(NH2)2OK
Sol m H O, not deliquescent, msol m
alcohol (Stokes )

Silver cfaamidophosphate, PO(NH2)2OAg

Very stable, msol in H2O Very sol m
NH4OH+Aq (Stokes )

Sodium diamidophosphate, PO(NHo)2ONa
Sol in H2O, not deliquescent, msol in
alcohol (Stokes )

Z>iamidoinhydroxylphosphonc acid

Silver daamido/nhydroxylphosphate,

(AgO)3P(NH\g)2

(Stokes, Am Ch J 1894, 16 147 )

(AgO)3P(NH2)(NHAg) Insol m cold
H20 (Stokes )

(AgO)3P(NH2)o Decomp bv cold H 0
(Stokes )

-j-2H«>O Decomp by boiling H 0
(Stokes )

Amidomudophosphonc acid

Amido/ie:cimido/ie;^aphosphoric acid, OH
PO (NHJ[NH PO(OH)]*NH POfOH)2

Known only m solution in H O (Stokes
4m Ch J 1898 20 75S )

Silver c/iamidop^nmidophosphate,

NH(P()NH ()\ff)

Almost msol in H O, sol in NI^OH-j-Xq
(Stokeb, Am Ch J 1S94 16 H(> )

Silver amidol /rimido /M ///^phosphate,

Ppt (Stokes Am Ch I 1S<)S 20 7 >J )
Silver amidol ximidofu i>lu phosphate,

Ppt, duoinp b> i((U( Kid (Stokes
Am Ch J IMS, 20 7r)<) )

Sodium amidof/iimido/riphosphate,

PO
1U

Unstable bol in H2O, msol m ileohol
(Stokes, Am Ch J 18<)(>, 18 (>4^ )

Sodium amido/i^imdoAe/>tophosphate,
P7N Oi5H9Na7

Sol m HO, pptd by ileohol (Stokes,
Am Ch J 1898,20 758)

AMIDOSULPHONATE, ZI\TC

15

Amidophosphinuc acid

Silver aimdophosphimate,P(NH) NH2(OAg)2
Decomp by heat, decomp in contact with

H20 (Stokes, Am Ch J 1894, 16 139 )
(AgO)2P(NAg)(NHAg) (?) SI sol m

NH4OH-f-4q (Stokes, Am Ch J 1894,16

149)

Amidosulphomc acid, HOS02NH2

Easily sol m H O, less easily m alcohol
(Berglund, B 9 252 and 1896 )

Very stable, less easily sol m H2O than its
K salt (Raschig, A 241 177 )

Stable m air Non-deliquescent when cold
Sol in 5 pts H20 at 0° and m 2^ pts H 0
at 70° Solution in H20 can be boiled several
minutes without decomp Solubility is de-
creased by addition of H2SO4, so that if
1/5-1/4 pt H2SO4 is added to H20, 100 pts
of the liquid dissolve only 3 pts HOSO2NH2
in the cold Pptd from solution bv HNO3
or glacial acetic acid, but not by HC1 Solu-
bility is decreased by presence of NaHSO4
(Divers and Haga, Chem Soc 1896,69 1641)

Amidosulphonates

Easily sol in H2O, si sol in alcohol

Aluminum amidosulphonate

Very bol in H20 (Berglund, Bull Soc
(2) 29 422 )

Ammonium amidosulphonate, (NH4)NH2SC>3
Deliquescent Sol in H O, insol in al-
cohol

Ammonium silver amidosulphonate,

NH4S(VNH>), AgS03(NH )
(Rphiaim& Guuwitsch, B 1910,43 118)

Barium amidosulphonate, Ba(NH SOs)
Sol m * pts H C) (Berglund, 1 < )

Cadmium amidosulphonate, GcUNH SOJ -f-

5H2<>
Voiy sol in H2() (B)

Calcium amidosulphonate, Ga(NEI SOahH-

4H O
Voiy sol inH O (B)

Cobalt amidosulphonate, Go(NH SOJ -f

m,o

Sol mH2() (B)

Copper amidosulphonate, Cu(NH S0a)24-

2HO
Sol in H20 (B )

Gold (auric) potassium amidosulphonate,

K3Au2(NSO3)3
Very si sol in cold, more easily sol m hot

H2O Sol in dil HCl+Aq (Hofmann, B
1912,45 1735)

Lead amidosulphonate,

The most sol of all amidosulphonates (B )

Lithium amidosulphonate LiNH S03
Dehquescent (B )

Magnesium amidosulphonate
Very sol in H2O

Manganese amidosulphonate, Mn(NH2S03)

-f3H2O
Very sol in H2O (B )

Mercuric amidosulphonate, basic,
Hg(HgOS03NH2)2

Insol m 3 5 % HN03+Aq ^ ery sol in
3 % HCl+Aq (Hofmann, B 1912, 45 1733

4-2H20 Insol mhotH2O Sol inKOH-f-
Aq (Divers and Haga, Chem Soc 1896, 69
1649)

Mercuric potassium amidosulphonate,

KHgNS03

Very si sol in cold H2O and cold dil KOH
-1-Aq Sol m 3 % HCl-J-\q (Hofmann, B
1912,45 1732)

Mercuric sodium amidosulphonate,

NaHgNS03

Nearly completely sol in hot H O (Hoff-
mann, B 1912, 45 1734 )

Nickel amidosulphonate, Ni(NH S03)j+

3H20
Sol m H20 (B )

Potassium amidosulphonate, K\H &O3
Sol m H20 (Berglund )

Potassium silver amidosulphonate,

NHAgSOsk + HO
Decomp bv HO, sol in
(Hoffmann, B 1912, 45 17o4 )

Silver amidosulphonate, \gNH sO3
Sol m 15 pts H O at 19° (B )

Sodium amidosulphonate, \a\H2S03
Sol mH20

Strontium amidosulphonate, Sr(\HSOa)2 +

4HO
Sol in H O

Thallium amidosulphonate, 11NH bO3
Sol mH20

Uranyl amidosulphonate
Sol m H2O

Zinc amidosulphonate, Zn(NH SO3)2+4H20
Sol mH2O

16

AMIDOSTJLPHUROUS ACID

Axmdosulphurous acid

Ammonium amidosulphite, NH2 S02 NH4

Very deliquescent Decomp in the air
with loss of NH3 Sol in H 0 with decomp
Sol m anhydrous alcohol SI sol in dry
ether (Divers, Chem Soc 1900, 77 330 )

Ammonia, NH3

Very sol in H20, with evolution of much
heat

1 vol H20 absorbs 670 vols (H Pt by weight) NH
at + 10° and 29 8 in pressure sp gr of solution =0 875
(Davy)

At low temperatures BkO absorbs more than % its
weight of NHs and sp gr of solution =0 850 (D alt on )

100 pts H2O absorb 8 41 pts NH*at24° 596pts at
55° (Osann )

1 vol HsO absorbs 780 vols NHs 6 vols HsO in-
creasing to 10 vols sat NEUOH+Aq 1 vol sat
NH-tOH 4-Aq. contains 468 vols NHs (Thomson )

1 vol HaO absorbs 450 vols NHs at 15° (Dumas )

1 vol HaO absorbs 700 vols NHs at ordinary temper-
ature (Otto )

100 pts H20 absorb in NHs gas 47 7 pts NHs by
weight (Berzelius )

1 vol HsO absorbs 505 vols NHs and vol is in-
creased to 1 5 vol and sp gr becomes 0 900 (Ure )

Ivol H2OatO°and760mm absorbs 1177 3
vols NH3 (Sims)

1 vol H20 at 0° and 760 mm absorbs 1146
vols NH3 (Roscoe and Dittmar )

1 vol H20 at 0° and 760 mm absorbs
1049 6 vols NH3 (Canus )

1 vol H20 at 0° and 760 mm absorbs 1270
vols NH8 (Berthelot)

1 vol H20 at 0° and 760 mm absorbs 1050
\ols NH8 (Bunsen )

100 cc HO absorb 6450 g NH3
(Raoult )

Solubility of NH3 in H20 at 760 mm and t°
1 g H 0 absorbs g NH3, according to
Roscoe and Dittmai (A 122 347) (RD),
and according to Sims (A 118 345) (S)

+°

g NH3

g NHs

f°

g NH3

g NH3

i

RD

S

0

RD

S

0

0 875

0 899

36

0 343

0 303

2

0 833

0 853

38

0 324

0 350

4

0 792

0 809

40

0 307

0 338

6

0 751

0 765

42

0 290

0 320

8

0 713

0 724

44

0 275

0 315

10

0 679

0 684

46

0 259

0 304

12

0 645

0 646

48

0 244

0 204

14

0 612

0 611

50

0 229

0 284

16

0 582

0 578

52

0 214

0 274

18

0 554

0 546

54

0 200

0 265

20

0 526

0 518

56

0 186

0 256

22

0 499

0 490

58

0 247

24

0 474

0 467

60

0 238

26

0 449

0 446

70

0 194

28

0 426

0 426

80

0 154

30

0 403

0408

90

0 114

32

0 382

0 303

98

0 082

34

0 362

0 378

100

0 074

Solubility of NH» by vol in H20 at 760 mm
andt° Ivol H2Oat760mm and ^dis-
solves V vols NH3 gas, vols reduced to
0° and 760 mm

t°

V

t°

I v

0

1049 60

13

759 55

1

1020 78

14

743 11

2

993 26

15

727 22

3

9J56 98

16

711 82

4

941 88

17

696 85

5

917 90

18

682 26

6

894 99

19

667 99

7

873 09

20

653 99

8

852 14

21

640 19

9

831 98

22

626 54

10

812 76

23

612 98

11

794 32

24

599 46

12

776 60

25

585 94

(Canus, A 99 144 )

Solubility of NH3 in H2O at P mm pressuie
and 0° 1 pt H2O absorbs pts NH3 at
P mm pressure and 0°

P

Pts NHs

P

Pts NH3

10

0 044

900

0 968

20

0 084

950

1 101

30

0 120

1000

1 037

40

0 149

1050

1 075

50

0 175

1100

1 117

75

0 228

1150

1 161

100

0 275

1200

1 208

125

0 315

1250

1 258

150

0 351

1300

1 310

175

0 3S2

1350

1 301

200

0 411

1400

1 415

250

0 465

1450

1 409

300

0 515

1500

1 520

350

0 561

1 550

5S4

400

0 607

1000

<>45

450

0 04(>

1050

707

500

0 000

1700

770

550

0 731

1750

S*5

600

0 7(>S

1SOO

000

050

0 804

1S50

1 07(>

700

0 840

1900

J 040

750

0 S7J

1950

J UO

800

0 000

2000

2 105

850

0 937

(Ro&coe ind Dittin u, A 112 340 )

In proportion is the to nipt i ituu is higher,

so much the moie nearly does the solubility of
SfHs m H2O conform to the la\\ of Ilf niy and

Dalton, but onl> obeys it completely \\hen

;he temperature is 100°, is is seen in the fol-

owmg table

AMMONIA

17

olubility of NH3 in H20 at various pressures and temperatures P= partial pressure, i e
total pressure minus the tension of aqueous vapour at the given temperature, G= grams
NH8 dissolved in 1 g H20 at the given pressure, G at 760=grams NHS that would
be contained in 1 g H2U if the solubility was proportional to the pressure

p

0°

^^- '***-****
Gat P

•*— — — *-^
G at 760

20

^— •*•* x*

GatP

o

^— ^— — -^
G at 760

40

.. • — ^
GatP

0

— <- -^.
G at 760

100

— • — *- — ^
G at P

0

* -*— --N,

G at 760

20

0 082

3 113

30

0 117

2 960

40

0 148

2 820

60

0 169

2 522

0 119

1 513

80

0 240

2 280

0 141

1 337

0 052

0 497

100

0 280

2 127

0 158

1 200

0 064

0 490

120

0 316

2 000

0 173

1 095

0 076

0 483

140

0 346

1 880

0 187

1 017

0 088

0 476

160

0 375

1 780

0 202

0 962

0 099

0 470

180

0 398

1 684

0 207

0 918

0 109

0 462

200

0 421

1 598

0 232

0 881

0 120

0 454

250

0 472

1 434

0 266

0 810

0 145

0 440

300

0 519

1 315

0 296

0 750

0 168

0 426

350

0 563

1 223

0 325

0 705

0 191

0 414

400

0 606

1 152

0 353

0 670

0 211

0 402

450

0 650

1 100

0 378

0 638

0 232

0 399

500

0 692

1 052

0 403

0 612

0 251

0 382

550

0 732

1 012

0 425

0 587

0 269

0 372

600

0 770

0 975

0 447

0 566

0 287

0 363

650

0 809

0 946

0 470

0 550

0 304

0 355

700

0 850

0 923

0 492

0 534

0 320

0 347

0 068

0 074

750

0 891

0 903

0 514

0 521

0 335

0 339

0 073

0 074

760

0 899

0 899

0 518

0 518

0 338

0 338

0 074

0 074

800

0 937

0 888

0 535

0 504

0 349

0 332

0 078

0 074

850

0 980

0 876

0 556

0 497

0 363

0 325

0 083

0 074

900

1 029

0 869

0 574

0 485

0 378

0 319

0 088

0 074

950

1 077

0 862

0 594

0 475

0 391

0 313

0 092

0 073

1000

1 120

0 855

0 613

0 466

0 404

0 307

0 096

0 073

1050

1 177

0 852

0 632

0 457

0 414

0 300

0 101

0 073

1100

1 230

0 850

0 651

0 450

0 425

0 294

0 106

0 073

1150

1 283

0 848

0 669

0 442

0 434

0 287

0 110

0 073

1200

1 330

0 846

0 685

0 433

0 445

0 282

0 115

0 073

1250

1 338

0 844

0 704

0 428

0 454

0 276

0 120

0 073

1300

1 442

0 843

0 722

0 422

0 463

0 271

0 125

0 073

1350

1 4%

0 S42

0 741

0 417

0 472

0 266

0 130

0 073

1400

1 549

0 841

0 761

0 413

0 479

0 260

0 135

0 073

1450

1 (>(H

0 840

0 780

0 409

0 486

0 255

1500

1 (>r)()

0 839

0 801

0 406

0 493

0 250

1600

1 75S

0 835

0 842

0 400

0 511

0 242

1700

I 861

0 832

0 881

0 394

0 530

0 237

1800

1 %(>

0 830

0 919

0 388

0 547

0 231

1900

2 070

0 82S

0 955

0 382

0 565

0 226

2000

0 992

0 377

0 579

0 220

2100

0 594

0 215

(Sims, A 118 346)

18

AMMONIA

Solubility of NH8 in H2O at temps below
0° One gram H20 dissolves
grams NH8 Temp
0 947 —3 9°
1 115 —10°
1 768 —-20°
2 781 —30°
2 946 —40°
(Mallet, Am Ch J 1897. 19 807
The solubility of NH3 in H20 does not
follow Dalton's law at ord temp , but does
at temp near 100° (Konowaloff, J Russ
Phys Chem Soc 1894, 26 48, Chem Soc
1896,70(2) 351

Sp gr ofNH4OH+Aq

Sp gr of NH4OH+Aq, according to Ure in
Diet of Arts

%NHs

Sp gr

%NH3

Sp gr

27 940
27 633
27 038
26 751
26 500
25 175
23 850
22 525
21 200
19 875
18 550
17 225

0 8914
0 8937
0 8967
0 8983
0 9000
0 9045
0 9090
0 9133
0 9177
0 9227
0 9275
0 9320

15 900
14 575
13 250
11 925
10 600
9 275
7 950
6 625
5 300
3 975
2 650
1 325

0 9363
0 9410
0 9455
0 9510
0 9564
0 9614
0 9662
0 9716
0 9768
0 9828
0 9887
0 9945

%NHs

Sp gr

%NH3

Sp gr

Sp gr , b -pt , and vols gas in NH4OH-f-Aq

32 3*
29 25
26
25 37*
22 07
19 54
17 52
15 88

0 8750
0 8857
0 9000
0 9054
0 9166
0 9255
0 9326
0 9385

14 53
13 46
12 40
11 56
10 82
10 17
9 6
9 5*

0 9435
0 9476
0 9513
0 9545
0 9573
0 9597
0 9616
0 9632

%NH8

Sp gr

B pt

Vols gas in
1 vol liquid

35
32
29
27
24
22
19
17
15
12
10
8
b
4
2

3
6
9
3

7
2
8
4
1
8
5
3
2
1
0

0 85
0 86
0 87
0 88
0 89
0 90
0 91
0 92
0 93
0 94
0 95
0 96
0 97
0 9H
0 99

—3 3°
+3 3°
10°
16 6°
23 3°
30°
3b 6°
43 3°
50°
5b b°

63 r

70°
7H 3°
Sf> 1°
91 1°

494
456
419
382
340
311
277
244
211
ISO
147
lib

57

2S

(H Davy, Elements, 1 241 )

*By direct experiment The other numbers were
obtained by calculation making no allowance for com
pensation

Sp gr of NH4OH+Aq at 16°, accoidmg, to
Otto in his Lehrbuch

% NH3

Sp gr

% NHs

Sp gr

12 000

11 875
11 750
11 625
11 500
11 375
11 250
11 125
11 000
10 950
10 875
10 750
10 625
10 500
10 375
10 250
10 125
10 000
9 875
9 750
9 625
9 500
9 375
9 250
9 125
9 000
8 875
8 750
8 625

0 9517
0 9521
0 9526
0 9531
0 9536
0 9540
0 9545
0 9550
0 9555
0 9556
0 9559
0 95b4
0 95b9
0 9574
0 957H
0 958D
0 9588
0 9593
0 9597
0 9602
0 9607
0 9612
0 961b
0 9621
0 9626
0 9631
0 963b
0 9641
0 9645

8 500
8 375
8 250
8 125
8 000
7 875
7 750
7 b25
7 500
7 375
7 250
7 125
7 000
b S75
b 750
() b25
() 500
b 375
b 2)0
b 125
() 000
5 875
5 750
5 b25
5 500
5 37^
5 2)0
5 125
5 000

0 9650
0 9654
0 96o9
0 96b4
0 96b9
0 9b73
0 9b7S
0 9bS3
0 9bKS
0 9(>92
0 9b97
0 9702
0 9707
0 9711
0 97 Ib
0 9721
0 972b
0 9730
0 973^
0 9740
0 9745
0 9749
0 9754
0 9759
0 9764
0 9768
0 9773
0 977S
0 97S>

(Dal ton,
Sp KI of

in N\\v S\stt in 2 422 )

NrH4OI[+\qsit it t

t

Sp j,r

t

Sp Kr

t

SP fe,r

0
1
2

3

4
5

b

7
S

0 853)
0 K)bl
0 H5S7
0 Sbll
0 Kb 3)
0 Sb5S
0 HbHl
0 H703
0 S725

9
10
11
12
H
14
15

17

0 S74()
0 S7bb
0 S7S5
0 SS04
0 SS2)
0 KS41
0 SS5S
0 SS71

o sss<)

IS
9
20
21

2*
2*
2>

0 S9()>
0 S91b
0 H92S
0 S940
0 V) >2
0 S9b ,
0 V)7t
0 S9SJ-

(d iiiub, A 99 141 )

Sp g\ of NHtOlI-hXq it 1 \° ic(Oidin^ to
Canus (A 99 14S)

% VH3

Sp ti

c Mb Sp gr

36 0
3o S
35 b
35 4

0
0
0
0

H844
HS4S
8852
8S5b

35 2 0 SSbO
35 0 0 8Sb4
34 H 0 b8bS
34 b 0 8S72

AMMONIA

19

gr of NH4OH+Aq at 14°, etc— Cont

Sp gr of NH4OH+Aq at 14°, etc— Cont

NHs

Sp gr

%NH3

Sp gr

%NHa

Sp gr

%NTH,

Sp gr

34 4

0 8877

22 2

0 9185

10 0

0 9593

5 0

0 9790

342

0 8881

22 0

0 9191

9 8

0 9601

4 8

0 9799

34 0

0 8885

21 8

0 9197

9 6

0 9608

4 6

0 9807

33 8

0 8889

21 6

0 9203

9 4

0 9616

4 4

0 9815

33 6

0 8894

21 4

0 9209

9 2

0 9623

4 2

0 9823

33 4

0 8898

21 2

0 9215

9 0

0 9631

4 0

0 9831

33 2

0 8903

21 0

0 9221

8 8

0 9639

3 8

0 9S39

33 0

0 8907

20 8

0 9227

8 6

0 9647

3 6

0 9847

32 8

0 8911

20 6

0 9233

8 4

0 9654

3 4

0 9855

32 6

0 8916

20 4

0 9239

8 2

0 9662

3 2

0 9863

32 4

0 8920

20 2

0 9245

8 0

0 9670

3 0

0 9873

32 2

0 8925

20 0

0 9251

7 8

0 9677

2 8

0 9882

32 0

0 8929

19 8

0 9257

7 6

0 9685

2 6

0 9890

31 8

0 8934

19 6

0 9264

7 4

0 9693

2 4

0 9899

31 6

0 8938

19 4

0 9271

7 2

0 9701

2 2

0 9907

31 4

0 8944

19 2

0 Q277

7 0

0 9709

2 0

0 9915

31 2

0 8948

19 0

0 9283

6 8

0 9717

1 8

0 9924

31 0

0 8953

18 8

0 9289

6 6

0 9725

1 6

0 9932

30 8

0 8957

18 6

0 9296

6 4

0 9733

1 4

0 9941

30 6

0 8962

18 4

0 9302

6 2

0 9741

1 2

0 9950

30 4

0 8967

18 2

0 9308

6 0

0 9749

1 0

0 9959

30 2

0 8971

18 0

0 9314

5 8

0 9757

0 8

0 9967

30 0

0 8976

17 8

0 9321

5 6

0 9765

0 6

0 9975

29 8

0 8981

17 6

0 9327

5 4

0 9773

0 4

0 9983

29 6

0 8986

17 4

0 9333

5 2

0 9781

0 2

0 9991

29 4

0 8991

17 2

rt Q34.0

29 2

0 8996

17 0

\J «7O*XU

0 9347

Hager also gives a table

in his Commentar

29 0

0 9001

16 8

0 9353

zur Pharmacopoea, which is practically iden-

28 8

0 9006

16 6

0 9360

tical with those heie given

28 6

0 9011

16 4

0 9366

28 4
28 2

0 9016
0 9021

16 2
16 0

0 9373
0 9380

Strength of NH4OH+Aq

of certain sp gr

28 0

0 9026

15 8

0 9386

at 12

27 8

"i1? r*

o 9031

15 6

0 9393

1 kg solu

1 1 solu

1 litre consists of

27 o
27 4

0 90*6
0 0041

15 4
15 2

0 9400
0 9407

Sp fcr

tains g

tains g

NHi

H O in liquid NH3
cc in cc

27 2

0 0047

15 0

0 9414

27 0

0 0051

14 S

0 9420

0 870

384 4

334 5

535 5 464 5

26 8

0 0057

14 6

0 9427

0 880

347 2

305 5

574 5 425 5

26 b

0 0()(>*

14 4

0 9434

0 890

311 6

277 3

612 7 387 3

26 4

0 90()S

14 2

0 9441

0 900

277 3

249 5

650 5 349 5

26 2

0 907*

H 0

0 9449

0 910

244 9

222 8

b87 2 312 8

26 0

0 907S

1 * S

0 9456

0 920

213 4

196 3

723 7 276 3

25 S

0 90S*

13 <>

0 0463

0 930

182 9

170 1

759 0 240 1

25 (>

0 9()S9

1* 4

0 9470

0 940

152 9

143 7

796 > 203 7

25 4

0 9094

13 2

0 9477

0 950

124 2

US 0

832 0 168 0

25 2

0 9KX)

13 0

0 0484

0 ObO

07 0

93 1

8b6 9 133 1

25 0

0 910(>

12 8

0 0401

0 970

70 2

b8 0

902 0 98 0

24 8

0 91 1 1

12 G

0 9498

0 080

45 3

44 3

933 7 64 3

24 6

M 4

0 91 H)

OQl ) )

12 4

1 9 O

0 0505

0 990

21 0

20 7

969 3 30 7

^•± *T

24 2

" 1 ~>£

0 9127

12 0

0 0520

(Wachsmuth, \rch Phum (3)8 510)

24 0

0 913*

11 S

0 0527

23 8

0 9139

11 6

0 9534

Sp gi of NH4OH+Aqat 15°

23 6

0 9145
001 f=ifi

11 4

nr>

0 0542

(Most careful experiments )

23 2

^7 1OU

0 9156

J

11 0

0 9556

Sp gr % NH3

Sp gr % NH3

23 0
22 8

0 9162
0 9168

10 8
10 6

0 9563
0 9571

0 990 2 15

0

926 19 50

22 6

0 9174

10 4

0 9578

0 974 6 10

0

916 22 50

22 4

0 9180

10 2

0 9586

0 950 12 54

0

910 24 40

20

\MMONIA

Sp gr of NH4OH4-Aq at 15°— Continued

Sp gr of NH4OH+Aqatl5°, etc — Continued

Sp gr

%NH3

Sp gr

% NHs

Sp gr

% NHs

1 1 contains
g NHs

Correction
for=fc 1°

0 900
0 890
0 885

27 70
31 40
33 5

0 882
0 880

34 8
35 5

0 966
0 964
0 962
0 960
0,958
0 956
0 954
0 952
0 950
0 948
0 946
0 944
0 942
0 940
0 938
0 936
0 934
0 932
0 930
0 928
0 926
0 924
0 922
0 920
0 918
0 916
0 914
0 912
0 910
0 90S
0 906
0 904
0 902
0 900
0 898
0 896
0 894
0 892
0 800
0 888
0 8S()
0 884
0 882

8 33
8 84
9 35
9 91
10 47
11 03
11 60
12 17
12 74
13 31
13 88
14 46
15 04
15 63
16 22
16 82
17 42
18 03
18 64
19 25
19 87
20 49
21 12
21 75
22 39
23 03
23 68
24 33
24 99
25 65
26 31
26 %
27 65
28 33
20 01
20 f>0
30 37
31 05
41 75
52 50
3^ 25
M 10
34 05

80 5

85 2
89 9
95 1
100 3
105 4
110 7
115 9
121 0
126 2
131 3
136 5
141 7
146 9
152 1
157 4
162 7
168 1
173 4
178 6
184 2
189 3
194 7
200 1
205 6
210 9
216 3
221 9
227 4
232 9
2 to 3
243 9
249 4
255 0
260 5
2<>(> 0
271 5
277 0
2X2 <>
2SS (>
204 (>
*01 4
>OS *

0 00026
0 00027
0 00028
0 00029
0 00030
0 00031
0 00032
0 00033
0 00034
0 00035
0 00036
0 00037
0 00038
0 00039
0 00040
0 00041
0 00041
0 00042
0 00042
0 00043
0 00044
0 00045
0 00046
0 00047
0 00048
0 00049
0 00050
0 00051
0 00052
0 00053
0 00054
0 00055
0 ()005b
0 00057
0 0005S
0 000)9
0 000(>0
0 0()0<>0
0 ()()()( )1
0 00002
0 0000 >
0 ()()(M)4
0 00005

(Gruneberg, Chem Ind 12 97 )

The following table is calculated from the
above by interpolation —

Sp gr

% NHs

Sp gr

%NH8

0 995
0 990
0 985
0 980
0 975
0 970
0 965
0 960
0 955
0 950
0 945
0 940

1 05
2 15
3 30
4 50
5 75
7 05
8 40
9 80
11 20
12 60
14 00
15 45

0 935
0 930
0 925
0 920
0 915
0 910
0 905
0 900
0 895
0 890
0 885
0 880

16 90
18 35
19 80
21 30
22 85
24 40
26 00
27 70
29 50
31 40
33 40
35 50

(Gruneberg )
Sp gr of NH4OH-f Aq at 14°

% HNs

Sp gr

%NH3

Sp gr

31

23 8
20 4

0 8933
0 9116
0 9246

15 6

11 7
5 1

0 9400
0 9536
0 9780

(I unge and Smith, B 17 777 )

Sp gr of NH4OH-f Aq at 15°, icGoidmg to
lunge ind Wiermk (Zoit f angt\v Ch
1889 183)
(Most carefully worked out and cilculatcd )

Sp gr

% NH, l

1 contains
g NH3

C orrr( turn
for± 1

1 000
0 998
0 996
0 994
0 992
0 990
0 988
0 936
0 984
0 982
0 980
0 978
0 976
0 974
0 972
0 970
0 968

0 00
0 45
0 91
1 37
1 84
2 31
2 80
3 30
3 80
4 30
4 80
5 30
5 80
6 30
6 80
7 31
7 82

0 0
4 5
0 1
1* ()
IS 2
22 9
27 7
32 5
37 4
42 2
47 0
51 8
56 6
61 4
66 1
70 9
75 7

0 0001 S
0 0001 S
0 00010
0 00019
0 00020
0 00020
0 00021
0 00021
0 00022
0 00022
0 00023
0 00023
0 00024
0 00024
0 00025
0 00025
0 00026

NH., is much l(ssM)l in KO1I, <>i Ni<)H +
Aq thin in H ()

Solubility of MI, in HO, ind KOII+ Vq
of vuums strengths KM) pts solvent
ibsoibs g \H} it t°

fo HO KOH + Vq
1 H ° 11 2> f K 0

KOH + \<i

J ) 2r>% K 0

0 00 00 72 00
8 72 75 57 00
Ib 59 75 46 00
24 49 50 37 25

49 50
37 50
28 50
21 75

(Raoult, \ ch (5) 1 262 )

AMMONIA

21

100 pts sat KOH+ \q dissolve only 1 pt

VTT

Solubility in NaOH+Aq is the same as in
KOH+Aq of the same strength
NH*Cl+Ao. absorbs slightly less NH3 than
the same vol H2O NaN03, and NH4N03-h
^q absorb almost the same amount NH3 as
bhe same vol H2O (Raoult, I c )

Solubility of NH8 in 100 pts Ca(NO3)2+Aq

Solubility in salts+Aq at 35° C

Salt

Concentration of the
aq solution

Mols NHs
soluble in 1 liter of
solution

KC1
NaCl
CHsCOOK
H(COOK)2
KOH
NaOH
J^KoCOs
JiNa,C08

0 5 normal
0 426 normal

1C

0 923
0 966
0 902
0 902
0 870
0 896
0 914
0 932

t°

HsO

Ca(NO*)2-hAq
2S38%Ca(NO3)2

Ca(NOa) -f-Aq
5903%Ca(NO3h

(Riesenfeld, Z phys Ch 1903, 46 462 )

The solubility of NH8 in NaN03, NH4N08
and in AgNO3,2NH3-hAq is nearly the same
asmpureH20 (Konowaloff, C C 1898,11
659)

0

8
16

90 00
72 75
59 75

96 25
78 50
65 00

104 50
84 75
70 50

(Raoult, Ic)

Salt

Mols NH8 soluble in
1 liter of

jL^iauiuuujLun-uueiuuitJUb ui J.NJCIS ueuweeii

water and CHC1S=26 3 at 20°, 249 at 25°,
23 2 at 30°
The distribution-coefficient of NH3 be-
tween CHCls and a number of salt solutions
has been determined for the purpose of stud\ -
ing the nature of metal-ammonia compounds
in aqueous solution (Damson, Chem Soc
1900, 77 1242 )

Distribution of NH3 between H20 and CHC13
at 18C

o normal
solution

1 normal
solution

1 5 nor
mal
solution

KC1
KBi
KI
KOH

ISaCl
NaBi
Nal
NaOH
LiCl
LiBi
Lil
TiOH
IvF
KM),
KNO
KCV
KCNS
i >k SO4
1 5k feO.
i?KGO,
1 ,k C2O4
i^K Ci()4
CHjCOOK
HCOOK
KB02
i2K2HPO«
^Na2S
KClOs 0 25-norm
IvBrO3 0 25-norrn
KI03 0 25-norm

0 930
0 950
0 970
0 852
0 938
0 965
0 995
0 876
0 980
1 001
1 (HO
0 S()>
0 SW
0 <),2*
0 (UO
0 <L>()
0 9>2
0 875
0 M>5
0 7SS
0 S(>()
0 S()(>
0 S()()
0 86S
0 814
0 860
0 887
0 927
0 940
0 951

0 866
0 904
0 942
0 716
0 880
0 916
0 992
0 789
1 008
1 040
1 094
0 808
0 722
0 862
0 S55
0 S5S
0 Sb8
0 772
0 768
0 650
0 771
0 771
0 765
0 7(>0
0 677
0 749
0 795

0 809
0 857
0 900
0 607
0 843
0 890
0 985
0 716
1 045
1 090
1 190
0 768
0 626
0 804
0 798
0 802
0 814
0 678
0 675
0 554
0 675
0 675
0 685
0 678
0 560
0 664
0 726

NHs concentration in
aqueous solution
mols /litre

NHs concentration in
CHCls solution
mols /litre

0 9280
1 921
2 064
2 274
2 590
$ 700
4 333

0 03o06
0 07703
0 08350
0 09317
0 1083
0 1639
0 19%

(Dawbon, Z phys Ch 1909,69 UO )

Distribution of NH3 between hvdi oxides -\- \q
and CHC13 at 18°

Aqueous solution

NHsconcen
tration in
the aqueous
solution
mols /litre

NHs concen
tration in the
CHCls solution
mols /litre

0 2-N KOH
0 5-N KOH
0 2-N NaOH
0 5-N NaOH
0 2-N J/2Ba(OH)o
0 5-N MBa(OH)

1 949
1 -978
2 016
1 944
2 076
3 397

0 0841
0 0951
0 0869
0 0907
0 08905
0 1560

(Abegg & Riesenfeld, Z phys Ch 1902, 40
100)

(Dawson, I c )

22

AMMONIA

Distribution of NH3 between Cu(OH)2-f-Aq
and CHCls at 18°

Solubility of NH3 in ethyl alcohol ( >solut<
att°

Cone ofCu(OH)2
equivalents/litre

NHs concentra-
tion in aqueous
solution
mols /litre

NHs concentra
tion in CHCla
solution
mols /litre

t°

%NH8

Pts NI per IOC
pts i ohol

0
6

11 7
14 7
17
22
28 4

19 7
17 1
14 1
13 2
12 6
10 9
9 2

2^ 5
2( 6
1( 4
1( 2

1< 7

r 2

1( 1

0 041
0 0705
0 081

2 014
2 653
3 Oil

0 07968
0 1087
0 1247

Dawson, I c )

Sol in alcohol and ether

Sol m 3 pts alcohol of 38° (Boullay )
1 vol alcohol of 0 829 sp gr absorbs about 50 vols
NHs (Davy )

Much less sol in ei
alcohol than in H2O
ch it 13 278 )

i, propyl, or amyl
LO and Emo,

(de Bruyn, R t c 11 112

I vol abs alcohol at 20° and ' »0 ran
pressure absorbs 340 vols NH3 gas Mulle]
W Ann 1891, 43 567 )

I 1 methyl alcohol sat with NH3 ontain
218 g NHS at 0°, sp gr of solutioi =077C
coefficient of solubility = 425 0 (De pine)

Solubility of NHs in alcohol at t° weight NHs =* weight NHs contained in a litre oi iolutio
sat at 760 mm and t°, sp gr =sp gr of solution, C = coefficient of solubih

Temp

Degree of Alcohol

100°

90°

80°

70°

60°

50°

0°

Weight NH8
Spgr

130 5
0 782
209 5

146 0
0 783
245 0

206 5
0 808
390 0

246 0
0 830
504 5

.04 5

» 835
>97 7

10°

Weight NH3
Spgr

108 5
0 787
164 3

120 0
0 803
186 0

167 0
0 800
288 0

198 25
0 831
373 0

27 0
I 850
38 6

20J

Weight NH
Spgr

75 0
0 791
106 6

97 5

0 788
147 8

119 75
0 821
190 5

137 5
0 829
223 0

152 5

0 842
260 8

82 7
i 869
38 2

30°

Weight NH3
Spgr

51 5

0 798
97 0

74 0
0 791
186 7

81 75
0 826
121 6

100 3

129 5
0 846
211 6

52 0

i 883
52 0

(Detepme, J Pharm (5)25 496)

Solubility of NH3 m methyl alcohol (absolute)
at t°

t°

% NH3

Pts NH3 per 100
pts alcohol

0

29 3

41 5

6

26 0

35 2

11 7

23 5

30 7

14 7

21 8

27 9

17

20 8

26 3

22

18 3

22 4

28 4

14 8

17 4

(de Bruyn, I c )

Readily sol in ether

Sol in 0 4 vol petroleum from Amiano
(Saussure )

1 vol oil of turpentine absoibs 7 5 vols
NH3 at 16°

1 vol oil of lemon absorbs 8 5 vols NH3 at
16°

1 vol oil of rosemaiy ibsorbs 9
NH3 at 29°

1 vol oil of lavender absorbs 47 v
at 20° (feaufe&me )

1 vol caoutchmo ibsoibs 4 vo
(Himly )

Valerol absoibs much NH3 (Gti
ch (3) 7 278 )

1 vol ethor at 760 mm pnssuic
17 13 vols NH3 at 0°, 12 35 vols i<
1027 vols at 15° (ChnstoiT, / n
1912 79 459 )

+HoO Colorless cry&t ilb

H-J^HjO Large transparent
(llupat, J Am Chem Soo 190Q, 3

Ammonia, with metal salts

For the ammonia addition-pi o<
metal salts, see under the rcspccti
salts, except in the case of Co, Cr, Hg
Pt metals, for which see cobalt am
chromium ammonium, etc , compoi

5 vols

s NH3

NH3

irdt, A

ibsorbs
0° and

ys Ch

rystals
868)

icts of
metal
md the
omum,
ids, for

AMMONIA

23

further reference New data on Co and Cr
ammonium compounds and those of the Pt
metals, published since the first edition, has
not been included in the present edition

Ammonium amalgam, NH4, xELg

Decomp by H30, but more easily in pres-
ence of naphtha, alcohol, or ether

Ammonium azoimide, NJBU

Easily sol in H20, si sol in absolute
alcohol, easily in 80% alcohol Insol in ether
or benzene (Curtius, B 24 3344 )

Ammonium cobalt azoimide, NH^Ns, CoN&

Rather sol in H20 (Curtius and Rissom,
J pr 1898, (2) 58 302 )

Ammonium bromide, NHJBr

Sol in liquid NH3 at —50° (Moissan
C R, 1901, 133 713 )

Very sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am
Ch J 1898, 20 826 )

SI sol in alcohol

1 pt NHJBr dissolves m 32 3 pts alcohol
(0 806 sp gr ) at 15°, 9 5 pts at 78° (Eder,
Ze)

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
12 5 pts at 19°, 100 pts absolute ethyl al-
cohol dissolve 3 22 pts at 19° (de Bruyn,

phys Ch 10 783 )

Solubility in mixtures of methyl and ethyl
alcohol at 25°

P = % methvl alcohol in the solvent
G=g NH4Br in 10 cc of the solution
S »sp gr of the sat solution at 25°/4°

heat
1 pt NH4Br dissolves in pts H20 at t°

P

G

S

0 00
4 37
10 40
41 02
80 69
84 77
91 25
100 00

0 255
0 299
0 321
0 506
0 813
0 847
0 934
0 983

0 8065
0 8083
0 8117
0 8252
0 8501
0 8508
0 8551
0 8605

t° Pts H20 1 t° ]

Pts HO t°

Pts H2O

10 1 51 30
16 1 39 50

1 23 100
1 06

0 78

(Eder, W A B 82 (2) 1284 )

NH4Br+Aq containing 41 09% NH4Br is
sat at 15° (Gerlach )

Sp gr of NH4Bi+Aqat 15°

(Herz, Z anorg 1908,60 156)

Solubility m mixtures of methyl and propyl
alcohol at 25°

P = % piopyl alcohol in the solvent
G = g NH4Br m 10 c c of tho solution
S=Sp gi of the sat solution at 2574*

% NH4Br

Sp gr

% NH4Br

Sp gr

5
10
15

1 0326
1 0652
1 0960

20
30

41 09

1 1285
1 1921
1 292CT

Sp

(Kdei )
gr of NH4Br+Aq it 16°

P

(r

s

0
11 11
2:5 S
<»5 2
91 S
9* 75
100

0 9S3
0 S51
0 (>90
0 WS
0 US
0 125
0 095

0 S()0r)
0 S521
0 S12(>
0 S1S1
0 S097
0 SOS9
0 S059

% NBUBr

Sp gr

% NH4Br

Sp gr

2
}

4
>
(>
7
S
9
10
11
12

n

14
15
In
17
IS
19
20
21

1 0110
1 0181
1 0242
1 (M0>
1 ()U)I
1 0425
04M>
0)47
0(>09
0(>72
0745
079S
()S()2
092b
1 09S8
1 1051
1 1115
1 US]
1 1240
1 H10

23
2*
24
25
2(>
27
2S
20
iO

n

32

H

>4
^5
}<>
•>7
&
39
40
41

1 H75
1 1440
1 1506
1 157*
1 1()42
1 17M
1 17S7
1S(>2
1'MS
20 IS
20<)S
2180
22f>()
2M2
1 2425
1 2500
1 2504
1 2<>7<)
1 27(>5
1 2850

lid/ I C )

Solubility in mi\tui(s of piop\I m<l <th\l
»1( ohol tl 2 >

J* = ff ])iop\l iltdhol in \\M sol\int
(f = (^ NII4Ui in 10 « ill (h< solution
tS=^p KI <»• tl» s it solution it 2 > I

I

0
S 1
17 S5
")(> (>
SS h
91 2
95 2
100

<

0 255
0 251
0 J>7
0 1(»
0111
0 105
0 101
0 095

s

0 S()()5
0 SOt^
0 SO >-

o sots

0 SOI.
0 S(M<
0 SO ><
0 S07

(Hagu, Oomni 1883 )
25 g NH4Br+50 g H2O knsei the temp
from 15 1° to —1 1° (Rudorff )

(lid/, / c )

AMMONIUM BROMIDE

Sol in 809 pts ether (0 729 sp gr ) (Eder,
Ic)

Sol in acetone (Eidmann. C C 1899
II, 1014), (Naumann, B 1904, 37 4328 )

Insol in benzomtnle (Naumann, B 1914,
47 1370)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

Insol in ethylacetate (Naumann, B
1910,43 314)

Ammonium tfnbromide, NH4Br8

Gives off Br in air Sol in H20 (Rooze-
boom, B 14 2398 )

Decomp in the air Very sol in H20
(Chattaway, Chem Soc 1915, 107 106 )

Ammonium antimony bromide,
2SbBr8

Easily sol in abs alcohol (Caven, C C
1905 11,293)

7NH4Br, 3SbBrs Easily sol in abs al-
cohol (Caven, C C 1906 II, 293 )

See also Bromantimonate, ammonium

Ammonium bismuth bromide, NH4Br, BiBrs

Deliquescent Decomp by H20 Sol in
alcohol (Nickles, C R 51 1097 )

Ammonium cadmium bromide, NH4Br,
CdBr2+MH20

Sol in 0 73 pt H20, 5 3 pts abs alcohol,
280 pts ether (sp gr 0729), and 24 pts
alcohol ether (1 1) (Eder, Dmgl 221 89 )

Sol in H20 without decomp between 1°
and 110 1°
100 pts of the solution contain at

1° 14 8° 52 2° 110 1°
53 82 58 01 65 32 75 83 pts of the salt

(Rimbach, B 1905,38 1555)

4NH4Br, CdBr2 Sol m096pt H20, fiom
which it is pptd by alcohol or ether (Eder )

Solubility in H20 at t°

Below 160° the salt is decomp by HoO,
at 160° it is sol in H2O without decomp

t°

100 pts of the
solution contain

Solid phase

Pts
Cd

Pts
Br

Pts

NH<

0 8
13 0
44 5
76 4
123 5
160 0

14 72
14 94
15 01
14 60
15 50
14 70

50 46
51 48
53 85
55 28
59 50
62 67

6 67

6 85
7 35
7 80
8 45
9 43

Double salt+NH4Br
it

n
u
u

Double salt

(Rimbach, B 1905, 38 1558 )

Not sol in HBr+Aq without decomp
(Rimbach )

> Not sol without decomp in LiBr-f-Aq,
CaBr2+Aq, MgBr2+Aq, NiBr2+-Aq, or

CoBr2+Aq, even though very c ic solution
are used Sol without decom] in ZnBrH
Aq (Rimbach, B 1905, 38 U 1 )

Ammonium chloromolybdenu bromide

2NH4Br, Cl4Mo3Br2

Decomp bypureH20 Cant crystallize
from HBr+Aq Apparently ol withou
decomp in alcohol (Blomstrai )

Ammonium cuprous bromide

4NH4Br, Cu2Br2 Fairly stal e m air

2NH4Br Cu2Br2+H20 Fai y stable u

air (Wells, Z anorg 1895, 10 159 )

Ammonium cuprous bromid ammonia

NHJBr, Cu2Br2, 3NH8
(Fleurent, C R 1891, 113 1( 7 )

Ammonium cupnc bromide, 2N [4Br, CuBr

+2H20
Very sol in H20 (de Kor ick, B 21

777 R )

Ammonium indium bromide
See Bronnridate, ammonium

Ammonium iron (feme) bromi e,

(NH4)FeBr4+2H20

Very deliquescent, sol m H ( (Walden
Z anorg 1894, 7 332 )

Ammonium lead bromide, 12NI Br, 7 PbBr
+7H20

Decomp on air. or with cold I 0 (Andr4
O R 96 1502 )

6NH4Br, PbBr2+H2O Dec< ip by cole
H20 (A)

7NH4Br, PbBr2 + l^HoO £ ible on air
decomp by cold H2O (A )

None of the above compounds ist (Wells
Sill Am J 146 25 )

2NH4Br, PbBr2 Decomp b II O Sol
in cone KOH+\q and in ong icids
(Fonzes-Diacon, Bull Soc 1897 3) 17 351 )

NH4Br, SPbBr (WelK )

Ammonium magnesium brom e, NH4Br
MgBr2+6H O

Deliquescent Sol m H U (ioh, J pr
(2) 28 338 )

Ammonium mercuric bromide,

2HgBr , NH4Bi

Decomp by H2O into its con tucnt salts
(Ray, Chem Soc 1902, 81 048

Ammonium molybdenum bromi , 2NH4Bi

MoBr3+H20

Easily sol in H20 (Rosenhei L, Z anorg
1905, 46 322 )

Ammonium molybdenum bromn chloride
See Ammonium chloromolyb &num bro
nude

AMMONIUM CHLORIDE

25

Ammonium osmium bromide
See Bromosmate, ammonium

Ammonium osmyl bromide, (NH4)20s02Br4
Sol in H2O (Wmtrebert, A ch 1903, (7
28 95 )

Ammonium osmyl oxybromide,

(NH4)20s08Br2
(Wmtrebert, A ch 1903 (7) 28 117 )

Ammonium palladium bromide
See Bromopalladate, ammonium, and
Bromopalladite, ammonium

Ammonium platinum bromide
See Bromoplatmate, ammonium

Ammonium rhodium bromide
See Bromorhodite, ammonium

Ammonium selenium bromide
See Bromoselenate, ammonium

Ammonium tellunum bromide
See Bromotellurate, ammonium

Ammonium thallic bromide, NH4Br, TlBrs-f
2H20

Sol in H20 (Willm )
+4H20 Efflorescent Sol in H2O
(Nickles )
+5H20 Sol inH20 (Nickles)

Ammonium stannous bromide (ammonium

bromostannite), NH4Bi, SnBr2+H20
Sol m H O (Benas, C C 1884 958 )
2\H4Br, SnBr2 Sol m H2O (Raymann

and Preis, A 223 323 )

+H20 Sol m H20 (Benas, I c )
+2H2O (Richardson, Am Ch J 14 96 )
NH4Br, 2SnBr2(?)

Ammonium stannic bromide, 2NH4Br, SnBr4
See Bromostannate, ammonium

Ammonium uranyl bromide, 2N"HiBi, UOgBi
+211 O

\ < ly dchqiu sc< nt, and sol in II/) (Suidt-
nu )

Ammonium zmc bromide, 2NH4Bi,

Deliquesce nt, md sol in H O (Hodoku,
J H 1860 17)

+HaO Voiy ddiqucbcent, and sol 111 H O
(\udrt, A ch (0) 3 104)

-fxHO (Kphrum,Z anoiR 1008,59 G<> )

>NlI4Br, ZnBr Sol in H O Dccomp
oul> by great dilution (Jams & Knight, Am
Ch I 1809,22 136)

-f-H20 Not hygroscopic (Ephiami, Z
moig 1908, 69 66 )

Ammonium bromide arsenic Inoxide
See Arsemte bromide, ammonium

Ammonium bromide mercuric chloride,

NH4Br, 2HgCl2
Ppt (Rfty, Chem Soc 1902, 81 649 )

Ammonium bromide mercuric iodide,
2NH4Br, HgI2

Decomp by H2O Sol in alcohol without
decomp (Grossmann, B 1903, 36 1602 )

3NH4Br, 2HgI2 Decomp by H20 Sol
m alcohol without decomp (Grossmann, B
1903,36 1602)

Ammonium lead bromochloride,
NH4Pb2Br4Cl

Decomp by H2O (Fonzes-Diaeon, Bull
Soc 1897, (3) 17 350 )

NH4Pb2Cl4Br Decomp byH20 (Fonzes-
Diacon, Bull Soc 1897, (3) 17 349 )

Ammonium bromochloroiodide, NH4ClBrI

Very stable, sol m H20 (Chattaway,
Chem Soc 1915, 107 108 )

Ammonium lead bromoiodide.

2H20 and NH4Pb2BrI4
Decomp by H2O Sol m cone RGH+Aq
and in strong acids (Fonzes-Diacon, Bull
Soc 1897, (3) 17 352 )

Ammonium bromiodobromide,
Decomp in the an Sol m
son, Am Ch J 1900, 24 28 )

Ammonium chloride, NH4C1

(Sal-ammoniac) Not ddiqiusunl Sol
in H20 with reduction of tt mp

Sol m 2 24 pts H2O (Won/el )

NH4Gl-hAqsat at 10° has HP «r «1072 (1 )

feol m 2 72 pts cold and 1 pi boiling If <> (M H
and P )

Sol m 3 pts II X) at IS 7 >° (\bl )

bol mO~ rr1 ' I 1 p! boiling H O (lomcioy)

100 pts dissolve i(> 7 » p1« NIIiiCl

NH4Cl-hAq sat at its b pi (1112) «>ntain« SS f)
ptw NH«C1 in 100 ptfl oflhc solution (Bi»r/< IIUH )

100 ptH H O at lr> dissolvo ii ih p1« and at 100
100 pis NH401 (ITroH I)n t )

NII4Gl4-Aq sat ill 1, hissp Ki I 07 *20«) and
contains at least il SS pt« NIUCl dissolved in i\tr\
100 pis HO (Muhcl ind IvrafFt A ( h ( i) 41 17S )

NHiUI-Aqsal at 10° contains 2iS'0 Nlli< 1
(Lllor)

NIUCH-Aq sal in tin (old loiilainslt i ( NH4( 1
[I ouroro\ )

Sol in 1 pt HO a( 11 J i b pi of sal solution

Sol in 2 7 pts If O at IS 7 i foinnnK a Iiqtu 1 ol 1 OS
sp t,r (Knrstcii IS 10 )

Sol in 2 727 pis IT O at 10 (( u n s II in MIIK Ii J

.00 pis If O at 7IS nun pn ssnn in I ( dtss>l\< pis
NlIiCl

t°

PtH

NJUCl

1°

Its
NIIjC 1

t°

I ts
NIUC |

1

I Is
NIU 1

0
10
20

28 40
32 84
37 J8

30
40
50

41 72
40 l(i
50 l>0

00
70
SO

. > 01
> ) IS
M )2

<H)
lt)()
HO

<*s io

72 SO
77 2t

(Alluard C R 59 GOO)

26

AMMONIUM CHLORIDE

Solubility m 100 pts H20 at t°

Solubility of NH4C1 m H20 t°

t°

0
1
2
3

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

obse

fig

29 7
30 0
30 3
30 6
31 0
31 4
31 8
32 2
32 6
33 0
33 3
33 7
34 1
34 5
34 8
35 2
35 6
36 0
36 4
36 8
37 2
37 6
38 0
38 4
38 8

40 9|

t°

30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
,42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55

^

4

t°

«3

t°

«3

t°

g NEUCl in
100 g of the
solution

Sc I phase

— 0 45
— 1 25
— 1 70
— 3 05
— 4 45
— 6 4
— 8 25
— 9 7
—11 9
—13 25
—14 70
—15 4

0 78
1 9s
2 76
4 6
6 67
9 23
11 4
13 1
15 3
16 7
18 I5
18 9

[ce

e
c

e
t
e

e

c

41 4
41 8
42 2
42 7
43 1
43 6
44 0
44 4
44 9
45 3
45 8
46 2
46 7
47 1
47 6
48 0
48 5
49 0
49 5
49 9
50 4
50 9
51 3
51 8
52 3
52 8
53 2
53 7
54 2
54 7

60
61
62
63

64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89

55 2

55 7
56 2
56 7
57 2
57 7
58 2
58 7
59 2
59 7
60 2
60 7
61 2
61 7
62 3
62 8
63 4
63 9
64 5
65 1
65 6
66 2
66 7
67 3
67 8
68 4
69 0
69 6
70 2
70 7

90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
115 65

71 3
71 9
72 5
73 1
73 7
74 3
74 9
75 5
76 1
76 7
77 3
78 0
78 6
79 2
79 9
80 5
81 2
81 8
82 5
83 1
83 8
84 4
85 1
85 7
86 4
87 1
87 3

=t— 16 0

±19 5

Ice NH4C1

—15 0
—12 2
— 10 9
— 7 4
— 5 7
— 2 3
=t— 1 1
0

19 7
20 0
20 3
21 1
21 7
22 3
22 6
22 7

(t
a

cc

u

(Meerburg, Z anorg 1903, 37 D3 )

100 g H20 dissolve 29 5 g NH4 I at 30 °
(Schrememakers, Arch neer Sc (2 16 17 )

Spec gravity of NH4Cl+Aq G= cording
to Gerlach at 15° (Z anal 8 U), S =
according to Sehiff at 19° (A 1 1 74)

S sPgl

0

W
fc

$ gr

Mulder, calculated from his own and other
jrvations Scheik Verhandel 1864 57 )

Solubility in 100 pts H2O at t°

f-(

s

G

S

1 1 00316
2 1 00632
3 1 00948
4 1 01264
5 1 01580
6 1 01880
7 1 02180
8 1 02481
9 1 02781
10 1 03081
11 1 03370
12 1 03658
13 1 03947
14 1 04325
15 1 04524
16 1 04805

1 0029
1 0058
1 0087
1 0116
1 0145
1 0174
1 0203
1 0233
1 0263
1 0293
L 0322
L 0351
L 0380
I 0409
L 0438
L Q467

17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
26 297
27
28
29
30

1 050 •
1 05 3i
1 056
1 059
1 0621
I 064
1 Ob?1
L 070
L 07 3(
L 073
L 076

1 0495
1 0523
1 0551
1 0579
1 0606
1 0633
1 0660
1 0687
1 0714
1 0741

1 0768
1 0794
1 0802
1 0846

•

+0 Pts
1 NH4C1

t°

Pts
NH4C1

t°

Pts
^I^Cl

0 29 7
62 32 2

10 8
| 31 6

33 9
42 2

64 9
90 6

57 9
Q7 2

(Lmdstrom, Pogg 136 315 )

NH4Cl+Aqsat at 13-16° contains 26 16%
NH4C1 (v Hauer, J pr 103 114)
Sol in 272 pts H2O at 19° (Schiff, A
109 326)
Sol m 2 803 pts H20 at 15° (Gerlach )
Sat NH4Cl+Aq at 75° contains 38 23%
NH4C1 (Tschugaeff, Z anorg 1914, 86 161 )
NH4Cl+Aq sat at 30° contains 295%
NH4C1 (Meerburg, C C 1904 II, 1362 )

Solubility m H 0 at t°
1000 mols H2O 100 g H2O
t° dissolve dissolve
mols NH4C1 g NH4C1
35 105 2 31 25
25 0 129 7 38 5
50 0 167 0 49 6
(BilU and Maicus, Z anoig 1911,71 169

bor older determinations, sec btoi< s Diet
Sp gi of NH4Cl+Aq it 18C

% NH4C1 bp 'gr

% NtUCl

J gr

5 1 0142
10 1 0289
15 1 0430

20
25

0571
0710

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 J

AMMONIUM CHLORIDE

27

Sp gr at 20°/4° of a normal solution of
NH4C1= 101454 (Haigh, J Am Chem
Soc 1912, 34 1151 )

NH4Cl-f-Aq containing 6 52% NH4C1 has
_ gr 20°/20° = 10195 (Le Blanc & Roh-
land, Z phys Ch 1896, 19 272 )

sp

Temp of maximum
density of NH4Cl-hAq

g mol NEUC1 in
1000 g H20

2 640°
0 055°

0 1899
0 5407

(de Coppet, C R 1900, 131 178 )

Sp gr of dil NH4Cl+Aq at 20 004° and 731

mm (corr )
Cone =g equiv NH4C1 per 1 at 20 004°

Sat NH4CI+ Aq boils at 115 8° at 718 mm
pressure (Alluard, C R 69 500 )

NH4ClH-Aq containing 74 2 pts NH4C1 to
100 pts H20 forms a crust at 113°, highest
temperature observed, 1148° (Gerlach, Z
anal 26 426)

NH4Cl+Aq containing 10% NH4C1 boils
at 101 7°, 20% NH4C1, at 104 4° (Gerlach )

NH4Cl-f Aq containing 10 6% NH4C1 gives
off NH8 at 37° (Leeds, Am J Sci (3) 7
197)

When NH4Cl+Aq is boiled, or even evap
on water bath, a little NHS is expelled

(Fresemus )

30 pts NH4C1 mixed with 100 pts H2O
lower the temp from 13 3° to --5 1°, that is
18 4* (Rudorff, B 2 68 )

Cone

Sp gr

Freezing-point of sat solution is — 15 4 ,
the same temp which is caused by mixing 25

0 0000
0 0001

1
1

000,000,0
000,001,8

pts NH4C1 with 100 pts snow (Rudorff,
Pogg 122 337)

0 0002
0 0005
0 0010

1
1
1

000,003,7
000,009,3
000,018,5

Cone HCl+Aq precipitates part of NH4C1
from sat NH4Cl+Aq (Vogel, J pr 2 199 )

0 0020

1 000,036,9

0 0050
0 0100

1 000,091,3
1 000,180,3

Solubility of NH4C1 in HC1 -f Aq at 0° NH4C1

— rnnla "NTTT.P11 fin rmllicrrfl.'mmAsA rlis-

(Lamb and

Lee, J Am Chem Soc 1913,

solved

m 10 cc of the liquid, HC1 =

35 1688)

mols HC1 (m milligrammes) dissolved in

10 cc of the liquid

fep gi of dil JMli4<Jl-l-Aq

Nmci

HCl

feum of

Sp gr

NEUC1 g in 1000 g

&/&

of solution

46

125

0 0

4b 125

1 076

Q

-

onnooft

43

6

2 9

46 5

1 0695

0 4431
0 9061
1 SOS5
* 5947
7 7845
1 > 3425

1
1
1
1

1
1

000150
000304
000606
001196
002562
004994

41
39

27
10
S

0
15
45

875
8

5 5

7 85
10 85
21 4
53 0
bl 0

4b 5
47 0
47 30

48 77
b3 875
b9 8

1 0705
1 0715
1 073
1 078
1 106
1 114

Jl 23b4

1

010018

(Enecl, Bull fc>cx (2) 45 655 )

(Dijkdi, Z phvb Ch 1897,24 107)

Solubility of

NH4C1 in HCl+Aq

B -pt

>f I\H4L

r 14- \n. mnt/i.nn

tier nt,«s

NT LCI

to

UK) pts I!/) G= ic cording to Gfi-

IICl conocntra

w

njjit NHKl

^1olr< ulur

luh(55 mil 26 439),J=ic<oi

fhnij; to

t

tion g mol per
100 p II O

i

i

i i f. f'O

solubility

1 cgi ind (A rh (2) 59 43b)

0°

0

29S 40

5 r>9

B pt

G

I

B pt

G

L

1

i

2Sb 4>

5 >(>

101°

b 5

7 S

109°

50 b

53 5

2
\

271 23
245 $5

5 OS
\ (>()

102

12 S

\\ 9

110

5b 2

59 9

or°

395 10

7 40

10)

19 0

19 7

111

bl 0

bb 4

1

*S() S5

7 1 i

104

24 7

25 2

112

67 8

73 3

1

3bb 00

() S5

105

29 7

30 5

113

74 2

80 5

1

339 05

h *5

lOb

34 b

35 7

114

81 3

88 1

107
108

39 6
45 0

41 3
47 3

114 2
114 8

87 1

88 9

(Aimstrong

& Evro, Proc R Soc (A ) 64
127)

28

AMMONIUM CHLORIDE

Solubility in NH4OH+Aq NH4Cl=mols
NH4C1 (in mgs ) in 10 cc solution,
NH3 = mols NH3 (in mgs) in 10 cc
solution

NBUCl

NHs

Sp gr

46 125

0

1 076

45 8

5 37

1 067

45 5

12 025

1 054

45 125

23 4

1 044

44 5

38 0

1 031

44 0

47

1 025

43 625

54 5

1 017

43 125

80 0

0 993

44 0

90 0

0 992

44 375

95 5

0 983

49 75

130

0 953

60 0

169 75

0 931

(Engel, Bull Soc (3) 6 17 )

NH4Cl+BaCl2 100 pts H20 dissolve 33 8
pts NH4C1+11 6 pts BaCl2at20° (Rudorff,
Pogg 148 467)

Solubility of NH4C1 and BaCl2 m H20

t°

—16 2°
0
30
Af\

Wt per 100

Solid phase

NH*C1

BaCh

16 10
19 26
24 89
26 93
29 53

8 07
8 22
8 19
8 40
8 55

NH4C1+
BaCl 2H20

^chreinemakers,Chem Weekbl 1910,7 333 )
See also BaCl2-fNH4Cl under BaCl2

NH4Cl+CdCl2 Solubility of NH4C1 and
CdCl2
See Ammonium cadmium chloride

NH4Ci-hCuCl2 Solubility of NH4C1 in
H20 at 30° m presence of varying amounts of
CuCl2

%by
wt
CuCU

%by
wt
NEUC1

Solid phase

0

29 5

NH4C1

1 9

28 6

NH4CH-CuCh 2NH4C1 2H2O

3 6

25 9

CuCl 2NEUC1 2H20

7 7

19 8

10 5

16 5

12 3

14 9

15 6

12 1

19 9

9 4

24 0

7 1

29 4

4 9

35 1

3 4

41 4

2 1

43 2

2 0

CuCIa SNHtCl 2H2O+CuCl

2H20

43 9

0

CuCIa 2H20

(Meerburg, Z anorg 1905, 46 3)

NH4Cl+PbCl2 Solubility of N 4CI and
PbCl2 in H2O at 22°

g equivalent
in 1000 g HjO

Solid phi

NEUC1

PbCla

0 0

0 0749

PbCl

0 1

0 0325

0 2

0 0194

0 3

0 0153

0 4

0 0138

0 5

0 0130

0 52

0 0127

PbCl2 +N!

I<(

0 55
0 6

0 0123
0 0113

NH4C1,

21

0 65

0 0105

0 7

0 0099

0 8

0 0087

0 9

0 0083

1 0

0 0080

1 2

0 0075

1 5

0 0073

a o

0 0077

2 5

0 0092

3 0

0 0112

4 0

0 0182

5 0

0 0296

6 0

0 0473

7 0

0 0774

7 29

0 0898

NH4Cl-fNH4C

7 29

0 0000

NH4C

2PbCl2
01,

2PbCl

(Bronstedt, 1 phys Ch 1911, 77 132 )

Solubility of NH4C1 and 2PbCl ,1S I4C1 m
H20 at 100°

NHiCl
g equivalent

PbCl
g equivalent

Soli )luse

S2

WJ

S2

SO

2J2

StS

3^

Sffl

9 OT

a

g «

d

1 277

1 404

0 160

0 170

N ,C1
+^P1 1 HO

(Bronstedt, I c )

NH4Cl+MgCl2 Solubility of M ^1 ind
NH4MgCl3

3 5C
25
50

In 1000
mols

i 1000 g
.ols H20

27 5
42 1
62 9

55 7

56 4
59 1

Solul pli

NH4Cl-f-NH4MgC 6H20

(Biltz and Marcus, Z anorg 1911, 170)

AMMONIUM CHLORIDE

29

Solubility of NH4MgCl3 6H20 and MgCl2
6H20

t°

3 5°
25°
50°

In 1000 g mol H20

g mol g mol

NH*C1 MgCla

0 5
0 5

0 8

99 5
103 8
111 2

Solid phase

MgCl2 6H20 +
NH4MgCl3 6H2O

(Biltz and Marcus, Z anorg 1911, 71 170 )

NH4Cl-fNH4N03 100 pts H20 dissolve
29 1 pts NH4C1+173 8 pts NH4N03 at 19 5°
(Rudorff, B 6 482 )

NH4Cl+Ba(N08}2 100 pts H20 dissolve
at 18 5°— -

NH4C1
Ba(N08)!

36 7

38 6
8 6

38 06
16 73

39 18
17 02

8 9

2, sat Ba(N03)2+Aq treated with NH4C1;

3, sat NH4Cl+Aq treated with Ba(N08)2;

4, simultaneous treatment of both salts with
H20 (Karsten )

NH4C1+KN03
185°—

100 pts H20 dissolve at

i

2

3

4

5

6

34 2
38 8

KN03
NH4C1

29 9

30 56
44 33

37 68
37 98

38 62
39 84

36 7

74 89

75 66

78 46

73 0

1 and 5, accoidmg to Mulder, 2, sat KNO3
+Aq treated with NH4C1, 3, sat NH4Cl+Aq
treated with KN03, 4, simultaneous treat-
ment of NH4C1 ind KN03 (Karsten), 6, by
canning solution with excess of both salts,
ind cooling to ]4 8° The amount of excess
of one or the e>thoi salt has no influence
(Kudorff)

NH4Cl+NiN()3 Slowly sol in sit
N iNOa+^q at first to <i elear solution, but
afte rw udb N iGl se p nates out (Karston )

MF4

1 100 pts H O dissolve—

KC1
NII4C1

(Riicloiff)
lr>

(Karsten)
1875

Ih 97
2S 00

34 4

16 27
29 83

37 02

KC1

NH4Ci

(Riklorff)
22

(Mulder)
At b pt

19 1
iO 4

58 5

21 9

67 7

87 3

100 pts sat solution of NH4Cl-f KC1 con-
tain 30 61 pts of the two salts at 13-16° (v
Hauer, J pr 103 114)

NH4Cl-f NaCl 100 pts H2O dissolve—

NH4C1

NaCl

(Mulder)
10-20° 10° 10°

(v Hauer)
13-16°

35 8

19 50
30 00

33 3

18 8-20 3
24 6-26 1

49 50

43 4-46 4

NH4C1
NaCl

(Karsten)
1875°

(Riidorff)
187°

(Mulder)
At b pt

22 06
26 38

37 02

22 9
23 9

87 3

78 5
22 3

40 4

48 44

46 8

100 8

Sp gr of sat solution of NH4Cl+NaCl is
1 179 (Karsten )

NH4C1+(NH4)2SO4 100 pts HoO dis-
solve 26 8 pts NH4Cl+46 5 pts (NH4)2S04
at 21 5° (Rudorff, B 6 484 )

Solubility in (NH4)2S04+Aq at 30°

Composition of the
solution

% by wt
NH4C1

0

6 86
14 62
17 60
17 93
19 07
19 97
22 3
24 06
29 5

by wt

44

36 15
28 6
25 69
25 81
23 22
21 3
16 33
12 72
0

Solid phase

(NH4)2S04

ec
a

(NH4)2S04+NH4C1
NH4C1

(Schrememakeife, Z phys Ch 1900, 69 56,2 )

NH4Cl+CubO4 Sol in sat CuSO.+Aq,
at first to a cl( 11 solution, but a etouble sul-
phate of NH4 ind Cu soon sop u itos (K li-
sten )

NH4Gl-f MgS04 Mowly and ditfw ultly sol
in sat MgSO4-fAq with subsequent s< p u i-
tion of double sulph itt ( K ust( n )

\H4Cl-f K S()4 100 pts H O dissolve, it
18 75°—

a

h

'

K;SO4

10 S

11 1

1 3 2(>

1 •> 2S

NH4C1

*H 2

i7 <)4

^7 92

*(> 7

4Q }

51 20

51 20

In (a) NH4C1 was adde el to s it K S( )4+ \ej
In (b) K28O4 w is adde el to sat N H4Cl-f \q
In (c) NH4C1 and K2bO4 weie tieitcd to-
gether with H O (Karsten )

30

AMMONIUM CHLORIDE

100 pts H20 at 14° dissolve 141 pts
K2SO4+36 Spts NH4C1-50 9 pts K S04+
NH4C1. under all conditions (Rudorff, Pogg
148 565)

100 pts H20 dissolve at b -pt —

K2S04
NH4C1

26 75

33 3- 33 9

90 4-111 8

87 3

123 7-145 7

(Mulder )

NH4Cl+Na2S04 100 pts H*0 dissolve
28 9 pts NH4Cl+24 7 pts Na2S04, if NH4C1
+Aq sat at 10° is sat with Na2S04 at 11°

100 pts H20 dissolve 31 8 pts NH4Cl-f-
9 0 pts Na2S04, if Na2S04-f Aq sat at 10° is
sat with NH4C1 at 11° (Mulder, J B 1866
68)

Sol in sat Na2S04+Aq (Karsten )

Sol in sat ZnS04+Aq (Karsten)

SI sol in liquid NH8 at —50° (Moissan,
C R 1901, 133 713 )

Very sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am
Ch J 1898, 20 826 )

Very si sol in absolute alcohol

100 pts alcohol of 0 939 sp gr dissolve —

at 4° 8° 27° 38° 56°

112 126 194 236 301 pts NH4C1
(Gerardm, A ch (4) 5 129 )
boiling highest rectified spirit dissolve 1 pt
(Wenzel )
alcohol of —

900 sp gr dissolve 6 5 pts NHtCl
0 872 4 7o

0 834 15

(Kirwan )

Though somewhat sol in pure absolute
alcohol, NH4C1 is absolutely iiibol in alcohol
in presence of meth\l amme chlorides
(Winkles, A 93 324 )

100 pts absolute rneth}! alcohol dissolve
3 35 pts at 19°

100 pts absolute ethyl alcohol dissolve 0 62
pt at 19° (de Bruyn, Z phys Ch 10 7S3 )

Solubility of NH4C1 in methyl alcohol

Alcohol concen

tration mol g

Solubility

Molecular

t°

alcohol for

in 1000 g H 0

solulnhu

1000 g H2O

0

0

298 40

5 59

1^

297 35

5 57

Yi

29b 55

r) 55

i

292 b)

r) 47

3

2S3 15

5 30

2 °

0

395 10

7 40

/4

394 75

7 39

YL

393 S5

7 37

1

392 90

7 3b

3

38b 20

7 23

t°

Alcohol concen
tration mol g
alcohol for
1000 g H20

Solubility in
1000 g HO

Mo ular
soli ility

0°

c

(

t

25°

t

c

0
Ji

H
\

0

x

X

i

298 46
295 40
291 30
284 00
395 10
393 50
390 80
384 80

5 >9
5 >3
5 15
5 $2
7 10
7 37
7 32
7 n

< Armstrong and Eyre, Pi oc R Soc I oml (A)
84 127)

Solubility of NH4C1 in ethyl alcohol 0°

Alcohol concentration
mol g alcohol for
1000 g HaO

Solubility in
1000 g HO

Mol ular
soli ihty

0

1
3

298 40
295 50
291 95
286 40
266 25

5 >9
5 >3

5 tr

5 J7
4 )9

(Armstrong and Eyre, I c )
See ako ammonium cupnc chloride
Solubility of NH4C1 in propyl alcol >1

(Armstrong and Eyre, I c )

Solubility in mixtures of methyl an<

alcohol at 25°

P — % methyl alcohol in the solvent
G = g NH4C1 in 10 cc of the soluti<
S=sp gr of the sat solution a,t 25 c

ethyl

p

G

S

0 00

0 0533

0 790

4 37

0 0583

0 790<

10 40

0 065S

0 79K

41 02

o us

0 795

SO 69

0 217

0 S02I

S4 77

0 227

0 S02i

91 25

0 247

0 S04I

100 00

0 27b

0 S()()

(Her/, Z moig 1<M)S, 60 155

SolubihU in mixtures of nuthjl uui >iop\l

alcohol it 25

P-% piopyl alcohol in th< soU( nt

G = ft NH4Clml()(( of the boluti i

S=Sp £i of the bit solution it 25 4°

P

(

s

0

0 27b

0 S()(>

11 11

0 2H

0 M)i

25 S

0 182

0 SOO

<>5 2

0 071

0 SOO

91 S

0 02b

0 SOO

<H 75

0 023

0 SOO

100 00

0 018

0 SOO >)

(Heiz, Z anoig 1908, 60 157

AMMONIUM CADMIUM CHLORIDE

31

Solubility in mixtures of propyl and ethyl

alcohol at 25°

P - % propyl alcohol in the solvent
G=g NH4C1 in 10 cc of the solution
S=Sp gr of the sat solution at 25°/4°

P

G

S

0
8 1
17 85
56 6
88 6
91 2
95 2
100

0 0533
0 0505
0 0455
0 0312
0 0210
0 0203
0 0190
0 0177

' "
0 7908
0 7910
0 7916
0 7963
0 7996
0 8001
0 8003
0 8009

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
910,43 314)

Insol m benzomtnle (Naumann. B 1914,
47 1370)

Sol in formic acid (Zanmnovich-Tessann,
phys Ch 1896, 19 251 )

(Heiz, Z anorg 1908, 60 160 )

Insol in ether and CS2 (Fordos and Ge"hs.
\ ch (3) 32 393 )

Very si sol in acetone (Krug and M;E1-
roy, J anal appl Ch 6 184 )

Solubility of NH4C1 in acetone +Aq at 25°
A — cc acetone in 100 cc acetone+Aq
NH4Cl = milhmols NH4C1 in 100 cc of the
solution

A

NBUC1

Sp gr

0

585 1

1 0793

10

534 1

1 0618

20

464 6

1 0451

30

396 7

1 0263

40

328 5

0 99984

46 5]

lower

283 7

0 97998

to 2

phases

85 7

upper

18 9

0 8390

90

9 4

0 8274

(Her/, Z anoig 1905 45 263)

Solubility of NH4C1 m glycerine + \q at 25°
Cr = g gl>ceunc m 100 g glycenne+Aq
NTH4Ci = miilimols NH4C1 in 100 cc of the
solution

1> 2S
2r> ()S
45 3(>
54 23
S3 S4
KM)

NH4C1

r)44 0
<502 9
434 4
403 r)
291 4

22S 4

bp gr

1 079 3

1 0947

1 1127

1 1452

1 2225

1 2(>17

z, Ic)

Insol in in torn (Nmimaim, B 1904,37
432S), (lulnunn, C C 1899 11,1014)

Inbol in inhyihoiib i)yndme Sol in 97%
pviiduu + \q, 95% pyndim -fAq and m 93%
pyndmc-j- \(i (kihhnbtrft, J Am Chem
NX 1908, 30 1107)

Insol m CS (Antovv&ki, Z moig 1894
6 2o7)

Very sol in tthvl «imine (Shmn, J phys
Chem 1907, 11 538 )

Insol in methyl acetate (N \umann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

ifnmrmitiTri antimony chlonde, \
SbCl6(NH4)3

Ppt Decomp by HoO (Wemland, B
1905, 38 1085 )

SbCl6(NH4),SbCl5,NH4OH Very deli-
quescent, si sol in H2O with decomp (Wem-
and, B 1901, 34 2635 )

Ammonium antimonous chloride, NH4C1,

SbCls

Deliquescent (Dehe>am, C R 52 734 )
2NH4C1, SbCl3-4-2H2O Permanent in dry

air, decomp by much H2O (Poggiale )
3NH4C1, SbCl8+3H20 As above

Ammonium antunomc chlonde, 3NH4C1,
SbCl6

Decomp by H2O (Deh&ram, C R 52
734)

4NH4C1, SbCls Decomp by H2O (D )

See also Chlorantimonate, ammonium

Ammonium antunony platinum chlonde,

(Sb, Pt)Cle(NH4)2
Ppt (Wemland, B 1905, 38 1084 )

Ammonium antimony tin chlonde,

(Sb,Sn)Cl6(NH4)2

Ppt (Wemland, B 1905,38 1085)
Ammonium arsenyl chlonde, 2NH4C1, AsOCl

(Wallace, Phil Mag (4) 16 358 )
Ammonium bismuth chlonde, NH4C1, 2BiCla
Deliquescent (Deh6ram, C R 54 724 )
2NH4Cl,BiCl3 Decomp by HO (Arppe )
Pogg 64 237)

+2}^H O (Rammelsberg )
3NH4Cl,BiCl3 Decomp by HO (Arppc )
5NH4C1, 2BiCl3 (Rammclsbeig )

Ammonium, bismuth potassium chlonde,

2NH4C1, BiCi3, KC1
(Deheiam, C R 54 724)

Ammonium cadmium chloride, N H jCl CdC 1
Solubility of NH4C 1 ( dCl in H () it t°

tl!

0 So-

Pts by weight m

8*

So

33 tc

100 pts of solution

rH O

iSffi

•~.c

9Ji

§§

•3^-3

Cl

Cd

NH4

0^

^^12

2 4°

H 44

14 26

2 24

29 94

42 74

3 2o

Ib 0

15 07

15 82

2 56

35 45

50 21)

3 S>

41 2

17 46

18 61

2 89

38 96

03 83

4 SO

63 8

19 73

20 92

3 H

43 99

78 54

r) 98

105 9

23 52

24 70

4 01

52 58

10^ 33

S 30

(Rimbach, B 1897, 30 307b )

32

AMMONIUM CHLOROMOLYDENUM CHLORIDE

SI sol in H2O, alcohol, and
wood spirit (v Hauer, W A B 13 449 )
4NEUC1, CdCl2 Sol in H2O (v Hauer ,
Decomp by HjjO to NH4C1, CdCl2 De-
comp increases with decrease of temp At
39° approximately wholly decomp to NH4C1,
CdCl2 At 113 9° very nearly all is 4NH4CL
CdCl2 (Rimbach, B 1897, 30 3077 )

Solubility of 4NH4C1, CdCla m H2O at t°

3 9
16 1
40 2
58 5

112 9

113 9

Pts dissolved m 100 pts
weight of solution

by

Cd

5 75

6 93
9 91

12 50
16 66
16 51

Cl

18 17
20 26
23 84
26 53

31 79

32 71

NKU

7 37

7 97

8 92

9 35

10 78

11 30

(Rimbach, B 1897, 30 3071 )

Sol without decomp in 373% HCl(d =

1 19) and 24 8% HCl(d = l 125) (Rimbach,

B 1905,38 1569)

Solubility of 4NH4Cl,CdCl2-hNH4Cl m H20

at t°

1 0
13 2
40 1
58 2

In 100 pts by wt of the
solution

Pts by
wt Cd

2 82

2 76

3 16
3 51

Pts by
wt Cl

17 11

18 84
22 56
25 21

Pts b;

a by
NH<

7 82

8 71

10 49

11 72

Composition of
the solid phase

Mol %
NH4C1

59 0
74 0
71 0
69 0

Mol %
Tetra
salt

41 0
26 0
29 0
31 0

(Rimbach, B 1902, 35 1300 )

Solubility of 4NH4C1, CdCl2+NH4Cl, CdCl2
in H20 at t°

tf»

In 100 pts by wt of the
solution

Composition of
the solid phase

Pts by
wt Cd

Pts by

wt Cl

Pts by
wt NH<

Mol %
Mono
salt

Mol %
Tetra
salt

1 1

14 0

40 7
58 5

5 34
7 12
10 24
12 50

17 62
19 86
23 82
26 53

7 27

7 84
8 85
9 35

49 6
47 0
77 0

50 4
53 0
23 0

(Rimbach, B 1902, 35 1300 )

Sol without decomp in 50% I iCl-f-Aq,
333% CaCl>+Aq and 50% MgCl^-f-Aq
(Rimbach, B 1905, 38 1569 )

Ammonium chloromolybdenum chloride,

2NH4C1, Cl4Mo,Cl2+2H20
Decomp by pure H 0, can bt ciystalhzod
fiom HCl+Aq (Blomstrand )

Ammonium chromium chloride, 2NH4C1,
CrCl3+H 0

Sol in H2O with decomp (Neumann. \
244 229 )

+6H,0«2NH4C1, [CiCls4H20]Cl+2H20

Hygroscopic Decomp by H > and b
alcohol (Wemland, B 1907, 40 70 )
Ammonium cobaltous chloride, NI Cl. CoC

+6HoO

Deliquescent in moist air Ver^ *asily so
inH20 (Hautz, A 66 284)
Ammonium cobaltous chloride unmonu

NH4C1, CoGla, NH3 (F Rog )
Ammonium cuprous chloride, 4NH 1 Cu2Cl

Decomp in the air

4NH4C1, 3Cu2Cl2 Decomp fo H20. nc
by alcohol (Ritthausen, J pr 5C 369 )

Fairly stable in air (Wells, Z a Drg 189'
10 158)
Ammonium cupnc chloride,

NH4C1, CuCl2

Solubility of NH4C1, CuCl2 m abso te alcohc
at 25°

o

Solid phase

4 65 NH4C1+NH4C1,

CuCl2
4 74 NH4C1+NH4C1,

CuCl2
6 45 NH4C1, CuCl2

12 90
34 92
34 50

So I phase

NH, l,CuC!2

NH4C

CuCl

(Foote and Walden, J Am Ch So
1032)

H-2H2O Sol m 2 pts H20
66 280)

Does not exist, (Meerburg, C (
1362

2NH4Cl,CuCl +2H,0 Easily
also in alcohol, even when absoli
and Henry, J pi 13 184 )

Solubility of 2NH4C1, CuCl, m I

CuCl2H-
C2H5OK

1911,33
lautz, \
1904 II

1 mHO

e (Cai

0 itt°

g 2NH4C1

CuCla m

100 g of the

solution

3 87

5 88

8 78

9 97
15 12
15 84
17 64
20 12

t=20 *

20 46

21 16

22 02

24 26

25 95
27 70
30 47
33 24
36 U
30 25
43 36

— 1 5°
—2 4S
—3 95
—4 60
—6 40
— S 04
—0 24
—10 80
= —11 0
—10
—5
0

+ 12
20
SO
40
50
60
70
80

Solid

icc+2NHiCI
JNH4C1 C\

uCl 2HO
b -'H 0

(Meerburg, Z anorg 1905, 4 8 )

AMMONIUM MOLYBDENUM CHLORIDE IODIDE

33

Somewhat sol in liquid NHs (Franklin
and Kraus, Am Ch J 1898, 20 827 )

Is the only hydrate of 2NH4C1, CuCl2 exist-
ing between — 11° and +80° (Meerburg,
C C 1904 II, 1362 )

+3H20 (Bourgeois, Bull Soc 1898, (3)
19 786)

Ammonium cupnc chloride ammonia,

2NH4C1, CuCl2, 2NHS
Decomp by H20, less easily by alcohol
Decomp by acids (Ritthausen )

Ammonium indium chloride, 2NH4C1, InClg

+H20
Easily sol mH20 (Meyer)

Ammonium iodine chloride, NH4C1, IC18

More sol in H20 than KC1, IC18 (Iilhol,
J Pharm 25 441, Berz J B 20 (2) 110)

Ammonium indium M-chlonde
See Chlonndite, ammonium

Ammonium indium feirachlonde
See Chlonridate, ammonium

Ammonium iron (ferrous) chloride, NH4C1,

FeCl2

Easily sol mHO,msol in alcohol (Wmk-
ler )

Ammonium iron (feme) chlonde, 2NH4C1,
FeCl3+H20

Deliquescent Sol in H20 without decomp
(Fntzsche) , sol in 3 pts H20 at 18 75° (Abl )

Sol in H20 (Waldcn, Z anorg 1894, 1
332)

Ammonium iron (feme) potassium chloride,

NH4C1, *eC!3, KC1+1MH20
Mm Krememte Deliquescent

Ammonium lead chlonde, NH4C1, 2PbCl2 +
:JH2O

Sol in H^O without decomp (?) (Andre",
C R 96 150J)

()NII4C1, PbCl + HjO

ONH4C1, PbCl -H^H/)

<)NH4C1 2PbCl +2^H O

10NH4U, PbCla+H O

18NH4C1, PbCl, +411,0

\11 tin be s iltb ire d( ( orup by H20 (Audit
A ch (6) 3 104 )

Of the s tits prc pare d by Andre, only one
NH4C1, 2Pb(l <xistH (Wells, Sill Am J
146 25)

Solubility clct( urn nations bhow that NH4C1,
2PbCl2 is the only double silt formed at 25°
(Foote, Am Ch J 1907, 37 121 )

NH4C1, PbCl +VsH,0 (Wells, I c )

Ammonium lead tetracblonde
See Chloroplumbate, ammonium

Ammonium magnesium chlonde,

+6HiO-NH4Cl, MgCl2+6H20
Deliquescent Very sol in H2O
Sol in 6 pte cold H20 (Fourcroy )

Solubihty in NH4Cl+Aq at t°

t°

Per 1000 Mol H2O

Mol
NH*C1

Mol MgCla

3 5°
25 0
50 0

27 5
42 1
62 9

55 7
56 4
59 1

(Biltz, Z anorg 1911, 71 170 )

4NH4Cl,5MgCl2+33H20 Sol in H20
(Berthelot and Andr6, A ch (6) 11 294 )

Ammonium manganous chlonde, NH4C1,
MnCl2+^H20

Sol in 1H pts H2O at ordinary temp
(Hautz, A 66 280), does not exist (Saund-
ers, Am Ch J 14 134 )

2NH4Cl, MnCl2-hH2O Sol in H20 (Ram-
melsberg) , does not east (Saunders )

+2H2O Easily sol m H20, but with
decomp into NH4C1 and MnCl2 (Saunders )

Ammonium manganic chlonde, 2NH4C1,
MnCls

Sol m H20, less sol in NH4ClH-Aq Un-
stable (Neuman, M 1894, 16 490 )

-f-H20 Decomp by H20 Sol in HC1
apparently without decomp (Rice, Chem
Soc 1898, 73 260 )

Ammonium mercunc chlonde, 2NH4C1,

HgCl2+H20 (sal alembroth)
Sol m 0 66 pt H20 at 10°, and in neaily

every pioportion of hot H2O
NH4C1, HgCl2 Easily sol in H2O
+ HH2O Easily sol in H20 (Kane)
2NH4C1, 3HgCl2-h4H20 Easily sol m

H2O (Holmes. C N 5 351 )
NH4C1, 2Hg6l2 Very sol in H2O (Ray,

Ch(m Soc 1902,81 648)
NH4C1, 5HgCl2 (Stromholm, J pr 1902,

(2) 66 441 )

Ammonium mercuric sodium chloride, NH4C1,

HgCl2, 4NaCl (?)

Sol m H O (Ivossmann, \ ch (3) 27
243)

Ammonium molybdenum chloride, 2NH4C1,
MoCl3+H20

Veiy sol in H20 Neaily insol in alcohol
and ether (Chilesotti, C C 1903 II, 652 )

See also Ammonium chloromolybdenum
chloride

Ammonium molybdenum chlonde iodide
See Ammonium chloromolybdenum iodide

34

AMMONIUM MOLYBDENYL CHLORIDE

Ammonium molyhdenyl chloride, 2NH4C1,

MoO2012-f2H20

(Weinland, Z anorg 1905, 44 98 )
2NH4C1, MoOCls Sol in H2O, insol in

H2O sat with HC1 (Klason, B 1901, 34

149

Ammonium nickel chloride, NH4C1, NiCl2+
6H20

Dehquescent in moist air Easily sol in
H2O (Hautz )

4NH4C1, NiCl2+7E20 (?)

.Ammonium osmium fe£rachlonde
See Chlorosmate, ammonium

Ammonium osmium sesgmchloride
See Chlorosmite, ammonium

Ammonium osmyl chloride, (NH4)2Os02014

Sol in H2O Decomp by HC1 (Wmtre-
bert, A ch 1903, (7) 28 92 )

Ammonium osmyl oxychlonde,

(NH4)2Os03Cl2

Very si sol in H20 Sol in KOH+Aq
with decomp (Wmtrebert, A ch 1903, (7)
28 116)

Ammonium palladium chlorides

SW> Chloropalladate, ammonium and chloro-

iium rhodium cfochlonde, 4NH4G1,

Sol m H20, but decomp slowly (Willm
B 16 3033)
Does not exist (Leidie", A ch (6) 17 277 )

Ammonium rhodium ^chloride
See Chlororhodite, ammonium

Ammonium rhodium chloride ammonium
nitrate, Rh2Clo, 6NH4C1, 2NH4N03

See Chlororhodite nitrate, ammonium
Ammonium ruthenium in chloride

See Chlororuthemte, ammonium
Ammonium ruthenium te/rachloride

See Chlororuthenate, ammonium
Ammonium tellurium chloride

See Chlorotellurate, ammonium
Ammonium thallic chloride, 3NH4C1, riCl3

Easily sol m H 0 fWillm )

+2H20 I asily sol in H2() uid alcohol
(Nickles, J Pharni (4) 1 28 )

Ammonium thorium chloride. 8NH4C1, ThCL

Sol in H20 (Chydenms )

Ammonium un (stannous) chloride (ammon-
ium chlorostanmte), NH4C1, SnCl2-f-H20
Decomp by HoO Resembles K salt
(Richardson, Am Ch J 14 9 :> )

2NH4C1, SnCl2+H20 Sol in H20, it
decomp by boiling (Rammelsberg )

Contains 2H<>0 (Richardson )

4NH4C1, Sn012+3H2O Decomp by E D
(Poggiale, C R 20 1182 )

Does not exist (Richardson )

Ammonium tin (stannic) chloride
See Chlorostannate, ammonium
Ammonium titanium chloride, 2NH4C1, T 114

ig
g

Ppt , decomp in moist air, sol in fun
HC1, insol in ether (Rosenheim, Z an
1901,26 242)

Ammonium titanium chloride, 3NH4C1, Ti
Sol mH2O
6NH4C1, TiCl4 Sol in H20 (Rose )

Ammonium tungsten chloride, (NH4) 3W2C

3NH4C1, 2WC13

Easily sol in H20 Nearly insol in u
organic solvents (Olsson, B 1913, 46 5

Ammonium uranyl chloride

Very deliquescent, and sol m H20 (]
got)

2NH4C1,(U02)C12+2H20 Solution at
contains in 100 g 3 51 g , NH4, 40 67 g
and 19 15 g 01, hence there is consider
decomp (Rimbach, B 1904, 37 466 )

Ammonium vanadium chloride, 2NH

VC13+H2O

Difficulty sol in H20 and alcohol (Sta
B 1904, 37 4412 )

Ammonium zinc chloride, NH4C1. ZnC

2H/)
Deliquescent Very sol in H2O (H

A 66 287)

2NH4C1, ZnCla Sol m H/) (Ramr

berg, Pogg 94 507 )

+H2O Deliquescent m moist air Sc

2/a pt cold II 0 with absoiption of h( at

in 028 pt hot H20 (Golfic r-Bass iyrc

ch 70 344), bol m^pt cold II 0 (IF

A 66 287 )

JMI4C1, /nCl2 Sol in HO (Mangi
-f H () (Bcrthclot, A ch (0) 11 294
4NH4C1, /nCla (Dohomn )
ONH4C1, /nCl +2/jH 0 (Bcithclot,

Ammonium chloride zinc oxychlonde, 2Z
8NH4C1, Zn()

Sol in a litfclo H 0, but df comp by c>
(Andic )

3ZnCl , 10NH4C1, ZnO As above (A
A ch (6) 3 88 )

Ammonium chloride antimony flue
NH4C1, SbF3

Easily sol in HoO (dcHaen,B 21 90
Ammonium chloride arsenic dioxide

bee Arsemte chloride, ammonium

»st

f )

h-

5°

02

>le

HI.
er,

+
tz,

Is

m
ol

A
tz,

c)

)
U,

ss
Ire,

de,
R)

AMMONIUM MANGANIC FLUORIDE

35

Ammonium chloride bismuth, bromide,
3NH4C1, BiBrs-f H2O

Deliquescent, decomp by HgO (Muir,
Chem Soc 31 148)

2NH4C1, BiBr3+3H20 Decomp by H2O
(Muir)

5NH4C1, 2BiBr3+H20 Decomp by H2O
(Muir )

Ammonium chloride chromic oxychlonde,

2NH4C1, CrOCl3

Decomp in the air Sol in cone HC1
without decomp (Wemland, B 1906, 39
4045)

Ammonium chloride cuprocupnc thiosulphate,

2NH4C1, Cu20, CuO, 3S202
See Thiosulphate ammonium chloride,
cuprocupnc

Ammonium chloride lead iodide, 3NH4C1,
PbI2

Decomp with H 0 (Behrens, Pogg 62
252)

4NH4C1, PbIo+2H O Decomp with H20
(Poggiale, C R 20 1180 )

Ammonium chloride mercuric bromide,

NH4C1, HgBr2
(Edhem-Bey, Dissert 1885 )

Ammonium chloride platinum sulphite
See Chloroplatosulphite, ammonium

Ammonium chloride tin (stannous) bromide,

2NH4C1, SnBr +H O
Sol m H20 (Riymann and Preis, \ 223
323)

Ammonium r/ichloroiodide, NH4C1 I

Slowly docomp \vhen exposed to di> an
atord temp Vtiy ^ol in HO (Chitta\\av,
Chcm Soc 1915 107 107 )

Ammonium tdt ^chloroiodide, NH4Cl4l

Decomp in the in (Ghittvvv iy, Chem
Soc 19 15, 107 107 )

Ammonium lead chloroiodide, IsH4PbCli -f-

JUO ind (N1I4) PbCl I +3HO
Sol in KOH-fAq ind in btionu; iudb, dc-
conip by 11 () (1 onzcb DIN on, Bull Soc
1807, (o) 17 318)

Ammonium fluoride, Ml J

Vbund intly sol in IT O, bl bol in alcohol
(Marign ic, Ann Mm (5)15 221)

Insol in liquid NHj (Ruff xnd Ousel, B
1903, 36 S20 )

Almost uibol ni liquid NII3 it SO0 (Mois-
san, C R 1901, 133 71 i)

Sol in methyl alcohol (Cuiaia, Gazz
ch it 1896, 26 119 )

Ammonium hydrogen fluoride, NH4E, HF
Deliquescent in moist an Sol in H O

Ammonium antimony fluoride, 2NH4F, SbF3
Deliquescent, sol in 0 9 pt cold H2O

Insol in alcohol or ether (Fluokinger, A

84 248 )

NH4F, 4SbF8 3 pts sol in 2 pts H2O
(Raad and Hauser, B 1890, 23 R 125 )
NH4F, SbFg Easily sol in H2O (Mang-

nac, A 146 239)

Ammonium bismuth fluoride, 2NH4F, BiF3

Insol in HoO Rather dn^.cultly sol in
acids (Helmholt, Z anorg 3 115 )

Ammonium cadmium fluonde, NH4F, CdF2
Insol in H20 Sol in acids on boiling
(Helmholt, Z anorg 3 115 )

Ammonium chromium fluonde, 3NH4F,
CrF3

Easily sol in H20 SI sol in NH4F+Aq
(Petersen, J pr (2) 40 52 )
2NH4F,CrF3+H20 (Wagner, B 19 896 )

Ammonium cobaltous fluonde, 2NH4F, CoF2

+2H20

SI sol in HoO (Wagner, B 19 896 )
Easily sol in H O (Helmholt, Z anorg

3 132)

Ammonium columbyl fluonde
See Fluoxycolumbate, ammonium

Ammonium columbium fluoride oxyfluonde,

3NH4F, CbF6, CbOF3
See Fluoxycolumbate columbium fluoride,
ammonium

Ammonium copper fluonde, 2NH4F, CuF +

Insol in H O (Helmholt, Z anorg 3
115)

Nearly insol in H O but decomp thereby
(Haas, Ch Z 1908, 32 S )

Ammonium glucmum fluoride, 2NH4F, Git
Sol in II O (Maiign ic, A ch (4) 30 51 )
Voiy sol in H O (Helmholt, Z \noig 3

130)

Ammonium iron (ferrous) fluoride, 2NTHil,

l<c* (Wiguei, B 19 SOfi )
NH41<, KI< +211 O (\\ )

Ammonium iron (ferric) fluoride, 2NH41 ,
Fet

More sol in II O than the com spending, K
compound Decomp Irs boiling (Nulkb,
I Phum (4) 7 lo)

3NH4l' , 1« eF3 M sol in 1 1 < ) ( M u igii u ,
A ch ( i) 60 tf)6 )

lasdysol in icids (llolmholt, 7 moig
3 124)

Ammonium manganic fluoride, 2N1IJ ,

MnF4

More sol than the K s lit (Nicklefa, C R
65 107)

36

AMMONIUM MANGANYL FLUORIDE

True Composition is 4NHJ?, Mn2F6 (Chns-
tensen, J pr (2) 34 41 )

See also Fluomanganate, ammonium
Ammonium manganyl fluoride

See Fluoxymanganate, ammonium
Ammonium, molybdenum fluoride

Insol in H20 Sol m HCl+Aq (Berze-
1ms)

See also Fluomolybdate, ammonium
Ammonium molybdenyl fluonde

See Fluoxymolybdate, ammonium

Ammonium nickel fluonde, 2NH4F, NiF2+

2H20

Sol in H20 (Wagner, B 19 896 )
Easily sol m H20 (Helmholt, Z anorg 3

143)

Ammonium scandium fluonde, (NH4)8ScFe

Easily sol inH2O Aqueous solution is not
decomp by boiling Decomp by acids
(E I Meyer, Z anorg 1914, 86 275 )

Ammonium silicon fluonde

See Fluosilicate, ammonium
Ammonium silver fluonde, 2NH4F, AgF-h

«scopic Sol m H2O, sol in cone
Sol m alcohol (Grutzner,
jn 1900, 238 3 )

F, AgF+4H 0 More deliquescent
(Bohm, Dissert 1906 )

Ammonium tantalum fluonde

See Fluotantalate, ammonium
Ammonium tantalyl fluonde

See Fluoxytantalate, ammonium
Ammonium tellurium fluonde, NH4F, TeF4

Decomp byH2O (Hogbom, Bull Soc (2)
35 60)

Ammonium tin (stannous) fluoride, 2NH4F,

SnF2+2H20
Sol m H20 (Wagnei, B 19 896 )

Ammonium tin (stannic) fluonde, 2NH4F,
SnF4

See Fluostannate, ammonium
Ammonium titanium sesqmftuoTide

See Fluotitanate, ammonium
Ammonium titanyl fluoride

See Fluoxypertatanate, ammonium
Ammonium tungstyl fluoride

See Fluoxytungstate, ammonium
Ammonium uranyl fluonde

See Fluoxyuranate, ammonium
Ammonium vanadium sesqmfiuoTide

See Fluovanadate, ammonium

Ammonium vanadyl fluonde
See Fluoxyvanadate, ammonium

Ammonium zinc fluonde, 2NH4F, ZnF2

Sol mH20 (B Wagner)

+2H20 Very si sol in H20 Easily s<
in dil acids (Helmholt )

Ammonium zirconium fluonde
See Fluozirconate, ammonium

Ammonium fluonde manganic oxyfluond

2NH4F, MnOF2
Precipitate (Nickles )
See also Fluoxymanganate, ammonium

Ammonium fluonde molybdenum Znoxid

2NH4F, Mo03
Decomp by H20 (Mauro, Gazz ch

18 120)

Ammomum fluonde tungsten oxyfluonde
See Fluoxytungstate, ammonium

Ammonium fluonde tungsten oxyfluon<
ammonium tungstate, 4NH4F, W02I
(NH4)2W04

See Fluoxytungstate tungstate, ammomui
Ammonium fluonde vanadium oxyfluonde
See Fluoxyvanadate, and fluoxyhypovan
date, ammonium

Ammonium hydroselemde, NH4HSe

Sol in H20 with decomp (Bmeau, A c
(2) 67 229 )

Ammomum hydrosulphide, NH4SH

Sol in H20 and alcohol Solutions decom
on air

Ammonium hydroxide, NH4OH
See Ammonia,

Ammonium imidosulphanude,

(S 04N3H4)NH4
(Hantzsch, B 1905, 38 1033 )

Ammonium iodide, NH4T

Very deliquescent Sol in 0 00 pt H (
(Lder, Dmgl 221 89 )

bp gr of aqueous solution of NH4I at 1
containing —

10 20 30 40 50%NH4
1 0652 1 1397 1 2260 1 3260 1 4415
(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

NHJ+Aq containing 1251% NHJ h
sp gr 20°/20° = 1 0846

NH4I+Aq containing 1919% NHJ h
sp gr 20°/20° = 1 1359

(Le Blanc and Rohland. Z phys Ch 189

19 279)

Very easily sol in liquid NH3 (Frankh
Am Ch J 1898, 20 826 )

Very sol in liquid NH3 at — 50° (Moissaj
C B, 1901, 133 713 )

AMMONIUM ZINC IODIDE

37

Sol in SOC12 (Walden, Z anorg 1900,
25 216)

Sol in liquid S02 (Walden, Z anorg
1902,30 160)

Sol in 4 0 pts abs alcohol (Eder, I c )
"210 " ether (Eder, Ic )
" 20 " alcohol-ether (1 1) (Eder,
Ic)

Sol m acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899, II
1014), (Naumann, B 1904, 37 4328)

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann. B
1910,43 314)

SI sol in benzomtnle (Naumann, B
1914, 47 1369 )

Ammomum cfoiodide, NH4I2

Sol in alcohol, ether, CS2> and KI+Aq,
less sol in chloroform (Gutnrie, Chem Soc
(2) 1 239 )

Ammonium iniodide, NH4I3

SI dehquescent Sol in little H2O, but
decomp by much H20 (Johnson, Chem
Soc 33 397 )

Ammonium antimony iodide, NH4I, SbI3+
2H20

Decomp by H20 (Nickles, C R 61
1097)

3NHJ, 4SbI3+9H20 Decomp by H2O,
with separation of SbOI Sol in HC2H302,
HC1, and H2C4H4O6+Aq Deoomp by CS2
(Schaffer, Pogg 109 611 )

3NH4I, SbI34-3H2O As above

4NH4I, SbI3+3H2O As above

Ammonium bismuth iodide, NH4I, BiI3+
H20

Deliquescent, decomp by H 0 (Nickles,
C R 6 1 1097 )

4NHJ, BiI3+3H2O As above (Lmau,
Pogg 111 240)

2NHJ, BiIs+^H 0 Decomp by H2O,
or MCI, MBr, or MI-f-Aq (Nickles, J pr
(2) 39 116 )

Ammonium cadmium iodide, 2NHJ,
2HO

Deliquescent (Croft )

bol at 15° m 0 5S pt H2O, 070 pt abs
alcohol, 89 pts cthu (sp gi 0729), and
18 pts alcohol-othei (1 1) (fdei, Dmgl
221 89)

100 pts of the solution in H,>0 contain 85 97
pts of the silt at 14 5° (Rimbach, B 1905,
38 1563)

NH4I, Cdl +y2H 0 bol at 15° in 0 90
pt H20, 0 88 pt abs alcohol, and 2 4 pts
ether (sp gi 0 729) (Kder, I ( )

-f H20 (Grossmann, Z anoig 1902, 33
154)

Ammonium chloromolybdenum iodide,

2NH4I, Cl4Mo3I +2H20
Decomp by H2O Cryst from HI-f-Aq
(Blomstiand )

Ammomum cuprous iodide, 2NH4I,
H20

Decomp on the air, or by H2O, or alcohol
(Sagher, C R 104 1440 )

-f MH2O Decomp by H«O with separa-
tion of Cu2I2 (Gossner, Zeit Kryst 1903,38
501)

Ammomum cupnc iodide ammonia, 2NH4I,
CuI2, 2NH3+2H20

Insol in H20 or alcohol, si sol in NH4OK
+Aq

+6H20 Unstable (Sagher, C R 104
1440)

NH4I, 2CuI,, 3NH8 (Fleurent, C R
1891, 113 1047 )

Ammonium indium dziodide, 2NHJ, IrI->

Insol in cold or hot H2O, and in alcohol
Sol in warm dil acids (Oppler )

Ammonium indium sesguuodide
See lodmdite, ammonium

Ammonium indium fefraiodide
See lodindate, ammonium

Ammonium lead iodide, NH4I, PbI2+2H*O
Decomp by much H 0 (Wells, Sill Am

J 146 25 0
4NH4I,3PbI,-f6H20 SI sol m H O

(Mosmer, C R 1895, 120 444 )
Sol in H2O with decomp Sol m strong

KOH+Aq and in strong acids (Fonzes-

Diacon, Bull Soc 1897, (3) 17 347 )

Ammonium magnesium iodide, NH4I, Mgla

+6H20

Very deliquescent (Teich, J pi (2) 28
338)

Ammonium mercuric iodide, NH4I, Hgl 4-

HO
Decomp into its constituents by H O

(Boullay, A ch (2) 34 345 )
bol without decomp m alcohol and cthei
NHJ, 2HgI Decomp by H O Sol in

KI+Aq Veiy sol in alcohol, othci and

mtrobenzol (Low, /5ut Kiyst, 51 HS )

Ammonium silver iodide, 2NHJ, \gl

Deliquescent Deoomp b\ H () (l*oj.,-

)

Ammomum thalhc iodide, NHJ, I II a

Sol in H O (Nic kit*,, I Ph inn W 1 52 )

Ammonium tin (stannous) iodide, NH41, fenl
Decomp by sm ill imt H O but coinpletel>

sol in a laige amt (Boullay, A eh (2) 34

376)

-fl3^H2O (Personne)

Ammomum zinc iodide, 2NHJ, Zul

Extremely deliquescent, and sol in H O
(Rammelsberg, Pogs; 43 665 )

38

AMMONIUM IODIDE ARSENIC OXIDE

NH4I, ZnI2-f4^H20 Hydroscopic
(Ephraim, Z anorg 1910, 67 384 )

Ammonium iodide arsenic inoxide
See Arsemte iodide, ammonium

Ammonium cobalt nitride
See Ammonium cobalt azoimide

Ammonium ruthenium dthydromtrosobrom-

ide, NO Ru2H2(NH3)6Br3 2HBr
*Ppt (Bnzard, A ch 1900, (7) 21 363 )

Ammonium ruthenium mtrosochlonde,

3NH4C1 2HC1 NOBu2H2Cls
Ppt (Bnzard, A ch 1900, (7) 21 354 )

Ammonium ruthenium dihydronrtrosochlor-

ide, NO Ru2H2(NH3)6Cl3 2HC1
Ppt (Bnzard, A ch 1900, (7) 21 358 )

Ammonium peroxide, (NH4)202

M-pt — 2° SI sol in ether without
decomp (D'Ans, B 1913, 46 3076 )

Sol in alcohol, msol in ether, decomp
slowly in aq solution (Mehkoff, B 1897, 30
3145)

Ammonium hydrogen peroxide, (NH4)2O2,
HO

ordinary temp (MehkofT, B

table, deliquesces at ordinary
cohol,msol in light petroleum
898,31 152)

Ammonium selemde, (NH4)2Se

Sol m H20 with decomp (Bineau, A ch
(2) 67 229 )

Stable in the air Sol inH20,aq solution
decomp slowly (Lenher and Smith, J Am
Chem Soc 1898, 20 277 )

Ammonium hydrogen selemde, NH4HSe
Sol in H O (Fabre, C R 103 269 )

Ammonium moriosulphide, (NH4)2fe

Decomp on air Sol in H20, but solution

decomposes rapidly

Very sol in liquid NH8 (Franklin, \m Ch

J 1898,20 826)

Ammonium ctosulphide, (NH4) S

Sol in H20 with decomp

Does not exist (Bloxam, Chem Soc
1895, 67 293 )

Ammonium Zeirasulphide, (NH4)2&4

Easily sol in H20 Cone solution is stable,
dil solution decomp on air Easily sol in
alcohol without decomp, but solution de-
comp on the air more rapidly than the
aqueous solution (Fritzsche, J pi 32 31-J)
+KH 0 When dissolved in H20, it is at
once dissociated with deposition of S (Blox-
am, Chem Soc 1895, 67 303 )

Ammonium pentasulphide, (NH4)2Ss

Decomp on air Sol in H20 with separa-

tion of S Sol in alcohol without decomp ,

but solution decomposes quickly on standing

(Fritzsche, J pr 32 313 )
Rapidlv decomp by H20 with separation

of S (Bloxam, Chem Soc 1895, 67 298 )
-|- HoO Decomp by H20 with separation

of S (Bloxam, Chem Soc 1895, 67 298 )

Ammonium Aeptasulphide,

More stable on air, and less easily decom-
posed bv H20 than (NH4)2S6

-f iVsHaO Decomp by H2O with separa-
tion of S Slowly attacked by dil HCl+Aq
(Bloxam, Chem Soc 1895, 67 307 )

reirammomum Aeptasulphide, (NH4)4S7-{-

4H20

Sol in H20 Solution can be kept for a
long time without depositing S (Bloxam,
Chem Soc 1895, 67 298 )

Z>2,amnionium e?measulphide,

Decomposed by H20 with separation of S
Not attacked by bpihng dil HCl+Aq on
account of formation of a hard crust of S
on the crystals (Bloxam, Chem Soc 1895,
67 306)

Teh ammonium ewneasulphide,

Solution in H20 deposits crystals of
(NH4)2Ss on standing (Bloxam, Chem Soc
1895, 67 302 )

+3HH20 Decomp by H2O with sepaii-
tion of S (Bloxam, Chem Soc 1895, 67
299)

Ammonium po/2/sulphides

Cone NHs-h-Vq dissolves H2S to fonn
(NH4)2S,2NH4SH On dilution more H2S is
absorbed to form (NH4) b,4NH4SH, then
(NH4)2S,8NH4SH, then (NH ^ « 1 WH ^H
and finally NH4SH (Bloxirr, ( i
1895, 67 2S4 )

Ammonium copper sulphide, (Nil 4) S,

Sol in warm H 0, but decomp on standing
Wairn KOH+Aq acts similirly, si sol m
NH4OH-fAq, NaCOj+Aq, or absolute il-
cohol Insol in ether Decomp by dil acids
(Priwo/mk, B 6 12()1 )

Coirect formula i& NH4CuS4 SI sol in
H C Decomp by cone arid dil icids
Easily sol in NaOH bl sol m alcohol
(Bilt/, B 1007, 40 976 )

Ammonium gold /w/T/su^phide, AiuSaNH4

Ppt (Hofmann, B 1903, 36 3092, B
1904, 37 245 )

Ammonium indium

IrS16(NH4)3
Ppt (Hofmann, B 1904, 37 247 )

ANTIMONIC ACID

39

Ammonium palladium,

Ppt (Hofmann, B 1904, 37 248 )

Ammonium platinum

PtSi6(NH4)2+2H20
Can be washed with CS2 without decomp
Sol m alcohol Insol m ether (Hofmann,
B 1903, 36 3091 )

Ammonium stannic sulphide
See Sulphostannate, ammonium

Ammonium tellunde, NH4HTe

Easily sol m H20 (Bineau, A ch (2) 67
229)

Ammonium sulphide ammonia, (NH4)2S,

2NH8

Very unstable (Bloxam, Chem Soc 1895.
67 294)

Ammonium c^sulphomekd, (NSO ONH4)8

(?)
(Hantzsch and Stuer, B 1905, 38 1039 )

Amm onplafancfaamine comps

See Platiitfnamine comps

Ammoncfasulphonic acid, NH8(S08H)2
Known only m its salts (Claus, A 168

52 and 194 )
Contains 2 at H less, and is identical with

imidosulphomc acid NH(SO H)2, which see

(Raschig, A 241 161 )

Ammoninsulphomc acid, NH2(S08H)8
Known only in its salts (Claus, A 158

52 and 194 )

Contains ,2 at H less, and is mtnlosulphonic

acid N(S08H)3, which see (Kascmg, A 241

161)

AmmonteZrasulphomc acid, NH(SOaH)4
Known only m its silts (Claus, A 168

52 and 194 )

Does> not exist, but was impuic mtnlosul-

phonic icid, which &P( (Kaschig. A 241

161)

Anhydroarsemotungstic acid, H3AsW8O28
8fc undu Arsemotungstic acid

Anhydrooxycobaltamine chloride,

1 asily sol in H2O, but decomposes af tci a
few minutes, (an be i ecrvstallized from dil
HCl-hAq Precipitated fiom sat H O solu-
tion by cone HCl-fAq, or alcohol (Voit-
mann, M Ch 6 404 )

SolmH20 (Vort-

mann )

Anhydrooxycobaltamine chlonde mercunc

chlonde, Co2(NH8)io(ClO2H)Cl4, SHgCU

Canberecryst from very dil hotHCl+Aq

chloroplatinate, Co2(NH8)io(ClO2H)Cl4,

2PtCl4

Can be recrystalhzed from H2O containing
HC1

chloronitrate,

Co2(NH8)i0Cl(0 OH)(NO8)4+H20
Can be recrystalhzed from dil HCl-fAq
Co2(NH8)10Cl(0 OH)Cl2(N08)2-fH20

More easily sol m H20 than the preceding

comp

chlorosulphate,

Co2(NH3)ioCl(0 OH)(S04)2

cfechromate, [Co2(NH8)i00 OH]2(Cr207)5

H-8H2O
SI sol mH2O

nitrate, Co2(NH8)10(N03)(0 OH)(NOS)4

+H,0

SI sol in pure H2O with immediate decomp
Can be recrystallized from H2O contamuig
HN08

sulphate, [Co2(NH8)ioO OH]2(S04)8,

2H2S04-h2H20

SI sol in cold H2O When crystallized
from dil H2SO4+Aq. is converted into —

[Co2(NH8)10OOH]2(S04)6,H2SO4+3H2O,
which by further recrystalhzation from very
dil H2S04+Aq becomes —

[Co2(NH3)i00 OH]2(SO4)^+8H20 SI sol
in cold H2O (Vortmann )

Anhydrophospholuteotungstic acid,

HsPWsO 8
Sec under Phosphotungstic acid

Antimomc Acid
Me/antimomc acid, HfebOj

Voiy si sol in U O, sol m cone HCl-j-Aq,
si sol in dil HNOj+Aq, easily sol in tar-
taiic icid+Aq, easily sol in hot KOH, or
Nn-OH+Aq, completely msol in NH4OH-f
Aq (lucmy, A ch ( *) 23 407)

bl sol mH2() Yciysl sol in KOH and
KjCPi+Aq Insol in NH4()H-f-Aq Insol
mHNOj+H S()4 Slowly sol m cold, quickly
m hot HCl+Aq SI sol in tiiitinc and
o\ili( acid indmKHC O4-|-Aq (benderens,
Bull Soc 1899, ( i) 21 48 )

Iribol in au tone (N mm inn, B 1904, 37
4 129)

Pyt f>antimomc acid, PUSb.jO?

Moit sol in H2() -UK! icids than l{8SbO4
Sol in cold NH4OH, 01 KOH+Aq (ticmy )
Slowly bol m cold H2O

5 88 g Sb2O5 in 1 1 H2O it 15°

S 55 " " "11 " " 25°

2i 30 « it « n « « 60°

(Delacroix, J Pharm 1897, 6 337-41 )

40

ANTIMONIC ACID

SI sol in H2O Very si sol in KOH and
KaCOs-KAq Insol in NH4OH+Aq, and in
HN08-f-H2S04 Slowly sol in cold, quickly
in hot HCl+Aq SI sol in tartanc acid,
oxahc acid and KHC204+Aq (Senderens,
Bull Soc 1899, (3) 21 48 )

O^oantunomc acid, H8Sb04

SI sol in H20 Insol in NH4OH+Aq
Easily sol inKOH+Aq (Fremy)

Does not exist (Raschig, B 18 2745 )

Has, however, been prepared by Daubrawa
(A 186 110), Conrad (C N 40 198), and
Beilstein and Blaese (Bull Ac St Petersb
33 97)

Very sol in H20 (Delacroix, Bull Soc
1899 (3) 21 1049 )

Very si sol in H20, in KOH and K2CO8-f
Aq Slowly sol in cold, quickly in hot HCl-j-
Aq Insol in NE4OH+-Aq, and in HNOS+
HgSO* SI sol in tartanc acid, oxahc acid
and KHC204+Aq (Senderens, Bull Soc
1899, (3) 21 52 )

+ J£H20 (Beilstein and Blaese )

According to Beilstein and Blaese only one
antimomc acid, H3Sb04, exists

!Te*ranfamonic acid, Sb206 +4E20 = HsSb200
Slowly sol in cold H20
Solution sat at t° contains g Sb2O5 per
litre —

A° 15° 25° 60° 70°

5 88 8 3-8 75 21 30 53 89
> in solution by heating to 100° or
hng in the cold to Sb2O5, 3H/)
_ , Bull Soc 1899, (3) 21 1049 )
in H/) Very si sol in KOH and
Slowly sol in cold, quickly in
hot HCl+Aq Insol in NH4OH+Aq Insol
in HNO«+H2S04 SI sol in tartanc acid,
oxahc acid and in KHC204+Aq (Senderens,
Bull Soc 1899, (3) 21 51 )

Hezantunomc acid, Sb->05-{-6H O =

H12Sb2On

Sol in H20 to the extent of 22 g Sb2O6 per 1
but on standing becomes turbid and a white
powder is pptd until finally only 3 g Sb O5
are dissolved per 1 (Senderens, Bull Soc
1899, (3) 21 48-49 )

Antunonates

a Antimonates From Hfeb03 Some of
the K and NH4 salts arc sol in H2O, the others
are slightly sol or insol

0 Pyroanhmonates From H4Sb 0 As
a class, insol in H20, but decomp thereby ex-
cept in presence of laige excess of alkali
(Fremy, A ch (3) 12 499 )

Probably do not exist (Beilstem and

Insol

Aluminum antunonate, A12O3, 3Sb2O5 (?)
Ppt Somewhat sol in excess of Al salts

+Aq Insol mK4Sb07-fAq
Al(Sb03) 3 + 15H20 - AlH6(Sb0

Ppt (Beilstein and Blaese, Bull Ac g
Petersb 33 101)

Al(Sb03)8 + 7H20 = AlH6(Sb04)s + 4H2<
Ppt (B andB)

A12O8, Sb206+9H20 Ppt (Ebel, B 2
3043)

Ammonium antunonate, NH4SbO3+2H2<

Insol in H20

+2J^H2C Insol in H20 (Senderer
Bull Soc 1899, (3) 21 56 )

+6H20 See (NH4)2H2Sb207-J-5H2O

Ammonium p^/roantunonate, (NH4)4SboO:

Known only in solution

(NH4)2H2Sb207+5H20

Sol in H20, but decomp by standing <
boding into insol salt Insol in alcohc
(Fremy, J pr 45 215) Composition
NH4Sb03-f 6H20, according to Raschig (]
18 2743)

Barium antimonate, Ba(SbO3)2

Ppt Scarcely sol in H2O Slowly sol i
BaCl2+Aq

+2H20 Somewhat sol in HaO Easil
sol m HClH-Aq (Delacroix, Bull So
1899, (3) 21 1051 )

4-5, or 6H20 Ppt

BaSb407+5H20 Sol m cone HC1 (Del*
croix, Bull Soc 1899, (3) 21 1051 )

BaO, 3Sb20B+5H20 Insol in H2O Ii
completely sol in HC1 (Delacroix, / c )

BaO, 4Sl>o05+15H20 (Delacroix, I c )

9BaO, 10Sb206+18H20 Insol m HC1
Aq (Delacroix, I c )

Bismuth antimonate,

Ppt Insol m H2O, sol m HCl+Ac
(Cavazzi, Gazz ch it 15 37 )

3Bi2O3, Sb2Ofi+H2O Insol m H2O, so
in HCl+Aq (Cavazzi )

2Bi2O3, Sb.Os As above (Cav i//i )

Cadmium antimonate, Cd(Sb03) +^H20
Insol mH2O (Senderens, Bull Soc 189C

(3) 21 56 )

+3KHO Veiysol m H/) Sol in HC

+Aq (Lbel, Dissert 1890 )

+5H20 Insol in H20 (S( ndc K us, / c )
+6H O Ppt Insol m HO (1< btl, t

22 3043)

Calcium antimonate, CxfSbO3)2

Ppt

+5H O Ppt (Hefftei, Pogg 86 418 )

-f6H O Insol m H 0 (St nduens, Bull
Soc 1899, (3) 21 56 )

3CaO, 2feb 06+6H20 Mm Ulltnamtt

Chromic antunonate, Crf&bO3)3-hl4H O
Ppt (Beilstein and Blaese )

Cobaltous antimonate, Co(Sb03)2-f-5H2O

Insol in H^O Loses 3H20 in the presenc
of H SO4 and passes into Co(Sb03)2+2H20

ANTIMONATE, POTASSIUM

41

also irxsol in H20 (Sendeiens, Bull Soc

1899, (3) 21 55 )

+6H20 Ppt (Ebel, B 22 3043 )
+7H20 SI sol inH20 SI sol in boiling

solutions of cobalt salts

+12H20 Ppt (Heffter, Pogg 86 448)

Cobaltous hydrogen antimonate,

+H20
(Gorgeul, Ann Phys Beibl 1897, 21 198 )

Cupnc antunonate, 3CuO, 2Sb2O5

Ppt (Beilsteni and Blaese )

Cu(Sb03)2 Insol in H20, acids, or alkalies
(Berzehus )

H-2H20 Insol in H20 (Senderens, Bull
Soc 1899, (3) 21 55 )

+5H20 Ppt (Ebel, B 22 3043 )

Insol m H20 (Senderens, I c )

CuO, 2Sb206+9H2O Insol in H20 Sol
in Sb206, 4H20+Aq (Delacroix, Bull Soc
1899, (3) 21 1054 )

2CuO, 3Sb206+10HoO Insol m H2O
Sol in NH4OH and in inantimomc acid+Aq
(Delacroix, I c

CuO, 6Sb206 + 16H20 (Delacroix, I c )

Cupnc antunonate ammonia. Cu(SbOs)2,
4NH3+4H.>0

Insol in H O and NH4OH+Aq (Semff,
A 123 39 )

CuSb2N3H21O12 - Cu(ONH4)OH,
2(NH4Sb03+2H20) (Raschig, B 18 2743 )

CufSbOs) ,3NH3+9H20 (Delacroix, BuU
Soc 1901, (3) 25 289 )

Glucinum antunonate, Gl(Sb03)24-6H 0

Somewhat sol m hot H*0 Eisilv sol in
warm HC1 (Ebel, Dibseit 1890)

Iron (ferrous) antunonate
SI sol mHO (Bu/eluis)

Iron (ferric) antimonate

Inbol in HO (B )

K2O3, Sb O +7H O Ppt (EbcJ, B 22
3043)

Fi2O3, 2SbOfiH-HH O Ppt (Beilstcm
ind BLusc )

b^HO Ppt (B trnlB)

Lead antimonate, basic, Pb3(hbO3) (OH)4-f-

Mm Bleinenle, Bindheimite
2Pb(SbOd) , PbO + HHO Ppt (B and
B)

Lead antimonate, Pb(bbOa)2

Insol in H20 Incompletely dccomp by

acids (Bnzelius)
Naples Yellow Insol in H O
+2H O Insol in H20 (Senderens, Bull

Soc 1899, (3) 21 57 )

+5H20 Ppt (Ebel, B 22 3043 )
H-6H2O Ppt (Beilstem and Blaese )
4-9H2O Insol in H20 (Senderens, I c )

Lead antimonate chloride, Pb(SbO3)2» PbCl2
Mm Nadorite Sol in HC1, HN03, and
tartaric acid-f-Aq

Lithium antimonate, LiSbOs

SI sol in cold, sol in hot H2O, and crys-
tallizes on cooling Much more sol than
NaSbO3

+3H20 Ppt SI sol in H20 (Beilstem
and Blaese )

Magnesium antimonate, Mg(Sb03)2+12H2O
Sol m hot, less sol in cold HoO (Heffter )
Sol in MgS04+Aq, msol in KSb03+Aq

(Berzehus )

Manganous antunonate, Mn(SbO*)2
Difficultly sol mH20
When heated, is sol only in strong acids
+2H.O Insol in H20 (Senderens, Bull

Soc 1899, (3) 21 56 )

+5H20 Ppt (Ebel, B 22 3043 )
+6H20 Insol m H20 (Senderens, I c )
+7H20 Ppt (Beilstem and Blaese )

Mercurous antimonate
Insol in H«>O (Berzelms )

Mercuric antimonate, Hg(Sb03)2
Insol in H2O, alkalies, and most acids
Si attacked by boiling H S04, and HC1+

Aq

+2H20 Insol in H20 (Sendeiens, Bull

Soc 1899, (3) 21 55 )

+5H 0 Insol in H20 (Senderens )
+6H20 Ppt (Beilstem and Blaese )

Nickel antimonate, Ni(Sb03) -f-2H 0

Insol in H2O Senderens, Bull Soc 1S99,

(3) 21 54 )

+5H/) Insol in H 0 (Sendeiens )
+6H20 Ppt Insol in H,O (Hefftei,

Pogg 86 446 )

+ 12H O fc>l sol m H O (Hefftei )

Potassium antimonate, KbbOj

Insol in H2O Sol in w um KOH-f-Aq, but
stpaiaUs ncaily completely on (oolmg B\
boiling with H O, 01 bv st mding foi a long
time with oold H O, it gi iduilly disbolvc* \^
2KSbO3 + 5HO, or K H bb O7+4H O 01
2KHabb()4+iH 0

Insol in Cb (Auto\\bki, Z tnoig IV)4,
6 257)

+HaO Inbol m H O (hcndcitn^, Bull
boc 189^, (3) 21 57 )

+ !J^HjO ( =2KSb()4 + 5H O of IK in>)
Ea&ily sol in IlaO, especially if w inn Solu-
tion, is pptd by NH4Cl-i-Aq (lumy, \
ch (5) 12 499)

+2^H2C) 100 pts H O at 20° dissolve
2 81 pts anhydrous salt, bp gr of solution
sat at 18° « 1 026 3 Composition is given as
K2HoSb207+4H C) (KnoneandOlschewsk>,
B 20 3043 )

Insol m H O (bendeuns, I c )

42

ANTIMONATE, POTASSIUM

Sol in H20 (Delacroix,
Pharm 1897, (6) 6 533 )

2K2O, 3Sb205+10H20 SI sol in H2O
(Delacroix, 3 Pharm 1897, 6 337 )

+10H20 (Delacroix, I c )

Potassium

Deliquescent, decomp by boiling with H20
into KSbOs+5H2O, by cold H2O into
K2H2Sb207+6H 0 (Fremy )

Does not exist (Knorre and Olschewsky ,

Insol in liquid NH8 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898,20 829)

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1904, 37 3601 )

Potassium hydrogen p^oantimonate,
K2H2Sb2O7

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014)

+2MH20 (Senderens, Bull Soc 1899, (3)
21 57)

+3HEUO Very difficultly sol in hot or
cold H20 (Knorre and Olschewsky, B 18
2358)

+6H20 Quite difficultly sol in cold H2O
Not precipitated by NH4Cl+Aq \queous
solution gradually decomposes (Fremy )

+4H20 Sec 2KSb03+5H O

Potassium antimonate sulphantunonate,

KSb03, KsSbS4+5H O
Decomp on on, and with cold H O Sol
in hot HgO (Rammelsberg )

Silver antunonate

Insol in H O (Beizcluis )

AgSb03+3H O= \gH SbO4+2H O 1 is-
ily sol m NH4OH+-Yq, \\hcn fnshh pptd
(Beilstem and BKoso )

+ 1J^HO Ppt (Kbcl, B 22 i<)4> )

Silver antimonate ammonia, VgH Sb()4,

2NH3 + H O
(Boilstcm ind HI use )

Sodium antimonate, N iSb( ) ,

Sol in iniuh HO but soon btcnims <1<
composed into \ i H Sb ()

+ S12H O composition of \ i II Sb () +
OH O, K cording to H< ilst< in ind HI K s<

1000 pts H O dissolv< 0 U ]>t \iSbO,+
3V2H O it U *°

1000 pts ihohol of lr> S' , (hssoK( 0 1 * pt
NiSM),+ V >ll () it \2 *

1000 pts J( ohol of 2 > (>' ( dissoh < 0 07 pt
NiSbOa+>i2H O it U ^

Sonu \vhit moi < sol \\h<n fnshK pi (< nu-
tated

\bsolntdv insol m ^1 mil IK IIjO

Pr(bcn« of \i()U 01 \ i s Uts diminish b<>!
ubilitv \\hilc MI4()H 01 K silts nun ib< it i

shghtly (Beilstem and Blaese. Bull Ac St

Petersb 33 201 )

-f-4^H2O Sol in H20 (Delacroix, Bui]

Soc 1899, (3) 21 1051 )
2Na2O, 3Sb2Ofi+10H20 (Delacroix, I c )
Na2O, 3Sb2Ofi+llH2O (Delacroix, I c)

Sodium p2/roantimonate,

6H20

Boiling H20 dissolves •$%-
(Fremy ) 1000 pts H2O diss
(Ebel, B 22 3044) See

pt of this salt
lve 2 5 pts salt
also NaSbOH

+5H20 (Knorre and Olschewsky )

Strontium antimonate, Sr(Sb08)2+6H2O

Ppt Less sol in H2O than SrSO4 (Heff
ter, Pogg 86 418 )

Thallous antimonate, TlSb08+2HoO =

TlHoSb04+H2O

Somewhat sol in H2O7 when freshly precipi
tated, insol when dned (Bedstem an<
Blaese )

Tin (stannous) antimonate, 2SnO, Sb20s

Ppt (Lenssen, A 114 113)

Sn(SbOs) 2 +2H20 Attacked with difficult
by acids or alkalies, most easily by hot cone
H2S04 (Schiff, A 120 55 )

2SnO, 3Sb O6+4H2O

SnO, 2Sb205

Tin (stannic) antunonate
Insol m H O (Levol, A ch (3) 1 504 )

Uranium antimonate, 5UO2, 3SboO5+15H20
Ppt Sol in hot cone HCl-f-Aq, and n
UClj+ \q (Rimmelsbeig )

Zinc antunonate, Zn(Sb03)2

Verv shghth feol m H O (Bcrzchus) bol
.11 bohitionb of Zn silts

+2H O (1 bcl, Dissert 1890 )

Insol m HO (hcndcrcns, Bull Soc 1WJ
3) 21 57 )

-f )H O Not wholly insol in cold, mod
i itcl> sol mhot H O (Ibd, Dibsdt 1890

+011 O Insol m H O (Suidonns)

Antimomomolybdic acid

Ammonium antimomomolybdate, r)(Nir4)()

4sl> O 7Mo(),+ lJH O
He ulilv sol in hot H O (Gibbs, Am Ch
7 i(U )

Antimomotungstic acid, 3Sb2Ofi,

1111 O

Sol in II O (Hillopc m, O H
(M)S J

>otassium antimomotungstate, 3K O, ^Sb O

4\\()< + 4H O

Much mon sol in hot than in cold II 0
)< < omp b\ HC1, H2S04 ind HN()3 (Hallo
C K 1S<K>, 123 1066)

>, 123

ANTIMONY

43

-j-16H20 Much more easily sol in hot
than cold H2O Decomp by HCL H2S04,
andHNOs (Hallopeau, I c )

6K20, 4Sb2O6, 12W08+25H20

SI sol m H20 (Gibbs, Am Ch J 7 392 )

Antimoniuretted hydrogen
See Antimony hydnde

Anfcmonosomolybdic acid

Ammonium antunonosomolybdate, 6(NH4)20,

3Sb2O8, 17MoC3+21H20
Insol in cold H20 (Gibbs, Am Ch J 7
313)

Antimonosopliospliotungstic acid

Potassium antunonosophosphotungstate,

12K20, 5Sb203, 6P206, 22W08+ 48H2O ,
Nearly msol mcoldor\varmH20 (Gibbs,
Am Ch J 7 392)

Antimonosotungstic acid
Ammonium antimonosotungstate
Sol in H2O

Banum antimonosotungstate, 4BaO. 6Sb2O3>

22W03+36H20

Precipitate, very si sol mhotHoO (Gibbs,
Am Ch J 7 313 )

Antunonous acid, HSb02

(Long, J Am Chem Soc 1895, 17 87 )
+1J4H/) Ppt (Schaffner, A 51 182)
H3Sb03 Ppt (Clarke and Stallo, B 13
1793)

Does not exist (Guntr, C R 102 1472)

H4Sb20B When freshly pptd , is sol m dil

KOH, and NiOH+Aq Scarcely sol m

NH4OH+Aq, 01 m (NH4)/X)3, or KHCO3 +

Complotcly sol in K2CO,, ind Na2CO3 +
Aq, especially if w irin Wh( n lecently pptd
is si sol msucdiiK uul+Aq

a

Calcium antimomte, ( iSb/)4 ( ?)

Mm Romeitc Insol in Kids
Cobaltous antimomte ( >)

SI sol m II O (Hci/diua)
Cuprous antimomte, ( u«(SbOa)

Insol in H () Sol m icids, most c isily m
cone HC1+ \ti (Iliubinum iml Stiomcyei,
Schw J 19 -211 )

Cupnc antimomte (V)

Insol in H2<> (Bci/dius )

GuSb^Ofi Aim Arnmiolite

CuSbjO4 ^ol m JiCl + \q tutiiic ind
citiu uids (Haidmg, / moig 1S()9, 20
^38)

Iron (ferrous) antimomte ( 0

Moie sol in H/) than the antimonate
(Dumas ) '

Potassium antunomte, K20, 3SboO3
Easily decomp bycoldH2O Nofcdecomp

by KOH+Aq containing over 20 9% K20

(Corunimboeuf, C R 116 1305 )
+3H20 As above (C )

Potassium antunomte iodide, K2O, 8Sb2Os>

2KI

Insol and not decomp by cold or hot H20
Not decomp by acids or alkalies Aqua regia
decomp slowly Tartanc acid dissolves
gradually (Gruhl, Dissert 1897)

Sodium antimomte, NaSb02+3H2O

Difficultly sol in H20 (Terrell, A ch (4)
7 380)

2Na20, 3Sb208+H2O Decomp by H20,
but not by NaOH+Aq containing 943 g
NaOH per 1 (Conmimbceuf )

Na20. 2Sb2Os Decomp by H2O but not
by NaOH+Aq containing 1886 g NaOH
perl (C)

NaoO. 3Sb2O3 Decomp by H2O, but not
by NaOH+Aq containing 1132 g NaOH
perl (C)

-f 2H20 -NaH2(SbO ), (Terreil )

Antimony, Sb

Does not decomp HoO Not attacked by
HCl+Aq (Berzehus) , slowly sol in cone HC1
+Aq (Debray) , slowly sol mconc warmHCl
+Aq (Troost) Attacked by very cone HC1
-j-Aq only when finely divided (Schutzen-
berger, Willm), very si attacked by dil or
cone acid (Guntz) Not attacked by boiling
HCl+Aq (Gmelm) By careful experiments,
pure Sb is absolutely msol m dil or cone , hot
or cold HCl+Aq, except when in contact with
oxygen (Ditte and Metzner, A. ch (6) 29
889)

Insol in dil or cold ( one , but sol in hot
cone H2SO4 Oxidized but not dissolved by
HNO^+Aq iisily and completely sol in
aqua regia

Veiy slowly attacked by pure HN03 -f Aq of
1 51-1 42 sp gi woakti icid has no nurkcd
action whether it cont ims NO2 01 not HC1 +
TINO3 has no action if dil or it low temp , but
when (von vciy dil ind KNO is idd<d, tin
iction will begin (Mil Ion, A ch ( *) 6 ]()i )

Not attacked in 10 months by 2< ( HNO^
+ \.q Sb is not dissolved bv HNOj+Acj of
my concentration i white powdci h< ing il-
wiys left, which is msol in HNOi+Aq 01
HO (Montemutmi (niz/ <h it 22 tS4 )

Inse>l m ilkilus+Aq

Somewhit sol in distilled H^O MOK 01
less sol in solutions of i< ids, ilk ilu s ind s ilts
ind m alcohol ind (tlnr Only si sol in i
mixtme of ilrohol indcthd (Rull ind Al-
boit, B 1905 38 r>4 )

Alkilmr H O2 convdts Sb into intimoiiK
acid, but neutral HO is without ution
(Claik, Chcm Soc 1S<B, 63 S80 )

Insol in liquid NH^ i^Gon, Am Ch I
1898, 20 826 )

ANTIMONY ARSENIDE

Easily attacked by pyrosulphurvl chloride
leumann and Kochhn, B 16 479 )
Sb is sol in a mixture of HNO3 aad tartanc
id or other polybasic acids (Czerwek, Z
lal 1906,45 507)
Not attacked by a mixture of alcohol and
her (Cohen, Z phys Ch 1904, 47 12 )
1A cc oleic acid dissolves 0 0007 g Sb in
days (Gates, J phys Ch 1911, 15 143 )
There are three modifications
1 Ordinary gray metallic
2 Black amorphous Unstable at ord
mp By boiling with H2O is changed to
letalkc Sb
3 Yellow Very unstable At — 50° goes
ver rapidly into the ordinary black modifica-
on Sol m CS2 at a little above — 90°
Stock, B 1903, 37 898 )
Unstable above —90° (Stock, B 1905,38
337)

ntimony arsenide, Sb2As
(Descamps, C R 86 10b5 )

jitimony Snbromide, SbBrs
Deliquescent, decomp by H20
Very sol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch
1898,20 826)
Very sol in warm liquid AsBr3, foiming a
olution \\ith sp gr = 3 685 at 47° (Retgers,

alden, Z anorg 1900, 25
lBi8 (Isbckou, Z moig 1913,

il> sol m PCI; ind PBn (\\ ildtn, Z
1900,25 211 )
Sol in alcohol and CS
Sol in cth( r foi mmg t\\ o 1 1\ 01 s ( Pi i>< S J
hem boo 1902, 24 *t>0 )
Sol in Kctom (N mm tun, B 1904, 37
32S)

Solubiht\ of SbBr-t in organic liquids
Dita in pan nt hosts indiciU 1 ibik tquihb-
num

Solubility of SbBrs in organic liquids — Co

Solvent

t°

|J

t°

I1,

t°

•8

6. )

9] )
0(

lod

benzene

—28 6°
—30 5
—32
—20
—10
0

0
4 0
8 7

13 a

17 5
21 7

10°
20
30
40
50
60

26 3
31 5
37 3
43 7
50 7
58 5

70°
80
90
94

Paradi-
chlor-
benzene

54 5°
51 5
48 5
55

0

6 a

12 8
18 7

65°
70
75
80

29 5
37 0
45 6
56 2

85°
90
94

6* )

8' >

9 J
9' t

~5< I

6< t

i\

9 D

10!

7i 3
7i 3
8 7
8 3
9 2
10'

6 I
7 4
8 2
9 8
10

Paradi-
brom-
benzene

88°
80
SO
75
70

0
6 8
18 0
29 5
41 5

65°
70
75
80
85

52 0
59 1
66 5
74 4
83 0

90°
92
94

Nitro
benzene

6°
1
— 4
— 9
—15
(-17)

0
8 6
17 0
24 0
29 7
(31 9)

—5°
5
15
25
35
45

32 3
35 3
38 8
42 8
47 4
52 8

55°
65
75
85
90
94

Metadi-
mtro-
benzene

90°
85
80
75
70
65
60

0
8 1
16 2
24 2
31 8
38 5
44 3

55°
50
47 5
50
55
60
65

49 1
53 0
54 4
56 1
58 8
62 2
66 2

70°
75
80
85
90
94

Toluene

—93°
—93 5
—70
—50
—30
—10
— 1

0
0 3
1 2
2 6
5 2
13 3
22 4

10°
20
30

50
60

28 8
36 7
47 o
(54 0)
51 5
56 3
62 3

70°
80
85
90
94

Hith'v I
benzene

—93°
—60
—40
—20
—10
0

—SO0
— (>0

—30
— 20
10

0 1
0 4
1 0
2 3
3 0
0 4

10°
20
25
29
40
50

<» 8
19 5
28 0
M 8
44 (>
51 fi

00°
70
SO

85

04

5 8
6 4
7 4
8
9 6
10

4 3
5 5
6 5
7 5
0
10

Prop\ 1
lu ri7< in

0 4
1 2
3 4

5 j
9 r>
17 2
24 3

(—1 5
(—20)
0
10
20

40

(ii 3
(23 3
25 S
27 S
30 ,
i4 I

50
00
70
SO
00
01

s0l\ t nt t

j3~* \

fT £

JLS
+z u
**"* *

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— ^

IsOUUlN 1

be r»/< n

-70

— iO
—20
-17

1 0
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, 1

7 1

1<> 4
(10 4

(— H )
-10
0
10
20
iO
40

(21 <)
17
IS 2

22 >
2r> <)

{() i

70
SO
00

ot

i 8
4 3

•5 0

(] 0

1C

i

\( n/« lit 2

i

t > 2°
— 17 "
hlor —10
lx nzcnc — iO
—20
10

0 < >

1 1 ->

i 0 SO

1 i s>

(> 0 H)
S <» 01 )
12 1 02 )

0 0
1 7 10
2 2 20

i 2 to

i i 40
> (> >0

17 1
24 (»
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is 1

IS 2

)S 1

7 2
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11 S
1 > J
-0 S
2S 1

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M)
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M)

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70
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"i "
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100

)() (
so <

10(1

(Mens< hutkm, Ann Tnst Pol P Ic Oi 13 )

Antimony bromide with MBr
^« Bromantimonate, M

Hso bf low

Antimony hydrogen bromide, SbBifi, HB h

\ (i \ hj gi ost opic D( romp b> H )
(\\ c inland and I'eigo, B 19(H, 36 256 )
,Sc< M< fr/bromantimomc acid

•liom — 2 )
l>» nzcm — 1 )

0 15°
2 h 2 ,
i 4 i>

00 u
H 4 <»

S)

HI ~
100

ANTIMONY CHLORIDE

45

Intunony caesrum bromide, 2SbBr6, 3CsBr+
2H2O
Loses Br2 in the air (Wemland, B 1903,
16 257 )

Antimony calcium bromide, SbBr8, CaBr2+
8H2O
Easily decomp (Benedict, Proc Am
Vcad 1895,30 9)

brtnnony glucmtun bromide, 3SbBrfi, 2GlBr2
-flSHsO
Hydroscopic Easily decomp (Wemland,
3 1903, 36 258)

Solubility in H20
100 pts SbCl3 sol in pts H2O at t°

t°

Pts HO

0°
15°
20°
25°
30°
35°
40°
50°
60°

16 6
12 3
10 9
10 1
9 4
8 7
7 3
5 2
2 2

(Meerburg, Z anorg 1903, 33 299 )

bitunony magnesium bromide, SbBrs, MgBr2
4-8HsO

As Ca salt (Benedict, Proc Am Acad
L895, 30 9 )

iintimony potassium bromide, 10SbBr8,
23KBr+27H20

(Herty, Am Ch J 1894, 16 496 )

Vntimony rubidium bromide, 2SbBr3, SRbBr

Decomp by H20, can be recryst from dil
JBr+Aq (Wheeler, Z anorg 5 258 )

SbE,b2Bra Slowly loses Br2 in the air
Decomp by H20 (Wemland, B 1903, 36
>59 )

10SbBr3, 23RbBr (?) Cryst from cone
EBr-1-Aq (Wheeler )

The composition assigned to this salt by
iVheeler (Z anorg 6 253) is incorrect
Ephraim, B 1903, 36 1817 )

Antimony vanadium bromide, SbBr3, VBr4-{-

7H2O

Hydroscopic Decomp by H^O Sol in
ill HC1 and in tartanc acid (Wemland, B
1903, 36 260 )

Antimony bromide potassium chloride, SbBr3,
3KC1-HMH20

Slowly deliquescent Very sol in H20

bat solution contains 120 5 g to 100 cc
H20, and has sp gr = 1 9

Decomp by much H20 (Atkinson, Chem
3oc 43 290)

Does not exist (Herty, Am Ch J 1894,
L6 497 )

See also Antimony chloride potassium
bromide

Antimony bromofluoride, SbF&Br

Decomp by H2O (Ruff, B 1906, 39
1319)

Antimony Znchlonde, SbCl3

Deliquescent Decomp by H20 with pre-
ipitation of SbOCl This precipitation is pre-
sented by tartanc, citric, or hydrochloric acid,
DI by cone solutions of chlorides of alkalies
ind alkaline earths

Solubility in HCl+Aq

100 mol H2O dissolve mol SbCls in presence

of mol HC1 at 20°

Mol HC1

Mol SbCls

0
2 4
6 5
8 4
8 6
9 8
12 2
29 6

72 1-72 8
73 0
67 5
67 6
66 5
65 0
65 3
54 5

(Meerburg, Z anorg 1903, 33 304 )
Solubility m HCl+Aq

Solid phase

100 mol H O dissolve at 20°

1

2

3

4

Mol
SbCls

Mol
HC1

Mol
SbOCl

Mol
HC1

SbOCl

8 7
8 6
19 6
19 8

7 2
7 5
8 0
8 9

9 8
16 1
21 7
25 0

28 0

6 9

7 9
7 4
8 8
8 6

(SbOCl)x,(SbCl3)y

37 5

44 0
63 7
69 1
66 I
69 8

8 7
6 8
6 2
5 6
4 6
5 3

32 0
35 8
59 5
61 0
62 7

7 9
7 9
6 4
6 5
4 4

SbCl3 and
(SbOCl)x,(SbCl3)y

69 3
68 3

4 3
3 6

1 & 2 (Meerburg, Z anorg 1903, 33 302 )
d & 4 (Noodt, Z anorg 1903, 33 302 )

Somewhat sol in liquid (CIS) (Cent-
nerszwer, Bull Soc 1901, (3) 28 405 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 826 )

Easily sol in PC13 and PBr3 (Walden, Z
anorg 1900, 25 211 )

Sol in S C12 (Walden, Z anorg 1900, 25
217)

ANTIMONY CHLORIDE

Easily sol in AsBr8 (Walden. Z anorg
1902,29 374)
Sol in alcohol without decomp Very sol
in hot CSo, but solubility diminishes rapidly
on cooling (Cooke, Proc Am Acad 13
72)
1 g SbCls is sol in 0 186 g acetone at 18°
Sp gr of sat solution IS0/!0 =2 216 (Nau-
mann, B 1904, 37 4332 )
Sol in ethyl acetate (Naumann B 1904,
37 3601)
1 pt sol in 16 97 pts of ethyl acetate at
18° Sp gr of sat solution 1874° = 1 7968
(Naumann, B 1910,43 320)
Sol in benzomtrile (Naumann, B 1914,
47 1369)
Sol in methylal (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014)

Solubility of SbCl3 in organic liquids
Data in parentheses indicate labile equilib-
rium

Solubility of SbCls m organic liquids-

'ont

Solvent

t°

ll

t°

|f

t°

¥

30
40
50
60
70
73

If

Metadi
nitro
benzene

90°
80
70
60
40
(20)

0
14 3
25 3
33 8
45 6
(53 6)
(59 9)
(62 2)

(—10°)
(10)
(27 5)
(28 5)
27 5
25
(20)
(10)

57 7)
62 4)
44 5)
50 0)
55 0
60 2
(66 2)
(73 5)

78 1)
65 2
68 8
73 2
78 5
85 8
95 2
LOO

59 3
66 6
71 1
77 1
83 8
94 7
100

(68 1)
65 7)
70 3
77 3
85 5
90 3
95 6
100

Toluene

—93°
—94
—70
—50
— 40
—30
—20

0
0 5
1 4
3 3
5 1
7 2
10

—10°
0
6
11
(—8)
20
30

14 4
22 1
28 6
35 7
(27 0)
40 5
47 6

40°
42 R
40
50
60
70
73

Ethyl-
benzene

—93°
—50
—30
—10
0
10
20
30

0 1
u 6
1 1
3 6
5 6
9 4
16 8
27 2

35°
39
37
35
(33)
(15)
(25)
37

36 4
50
57 7
61 8
(65 7)
(37 8)
(47 5)
66 6

(368
(33)
40
50
60
65
70
73

Solvent

t°

0^

t°

«8

t°

«:

Propyl
benzene

(—70°)
—50)
—40)
—30)
—20)
(—10)
(-5)
(0)
d 5)
(D

(0 6)
(2 8}
(5 2)
(8 8)
(14 8)
25 1)
32 4)
(43 3)
(50)
(51 1)

—70°
—50
— 10
—30
—20
—10
—5
0
5
7

0 2
1 5
3 0
o 5
9 7
16 2
20 5
2b 2
3o 6
41 0

8 '
10
20
30
40
50
60
65
70
73

53 2
53 6
56 9
60 6
65 5
72
81
86 8
95 1
100

Benzene

5 6°
4
1
10
1 20
30
40

0
2 6
7 1
10 1
13 1
10 8
21 4

50
60
70
7o
77 5
79
77 5

27 2
34 7
45 2
53 1
08 7
bb 6
73 4

75°
70
62
67 o
73

78 5
S3 3
89 3
94 2
100

Chlor
benzene

— £5 2°
—17
—40
—30
—20
—15

0
2 2
3 G
C 0
9 0
11 6

—10

0
(4)
10
20

J14 4
19 4
2$ 1
(41 1)
32 o
3S 7

30
40

bO
70
73

47 1
06 2
b6 d
78 7
94 3
100

Iso

amyl
benzene

—SO
—70
—GO
— oO
—40
(—30)
(—21)
(—22)
(—20 5)
(—22)

3

5 4
8 4
12 4
17 <)
(27 3)
(34 4)
(40 7)
(50)
(54)

(—45°)

=f?

(0)'

(7Jo)
(—21)
(—10)

(17 1)
(22 S)
20 3
30 d
4> d
(52 1)
(dO 3)
(dfi 0)

(4* 2)

(44 0)

0°
10
20
30
40
50
60
C>
70
73

46 3
48 8
52 5
57 3
63 4
71 4
81 7
88
95 5
100

Brom
benzene

—31°
—32 5

0
3 4
(6 4)
4 8
7 b
10 7
14 1
17 S

0°
3
(d)
(7)
10
20
40

21 7
2b d
il S
(41 U)
OO 0)
3d 4
43 2
j() S

40

dO
d >
70
73

2 ,

(> >
70

7

dO
d >
70
7i

59 2
dS S
SO d
S7 2
9;> 0
100

)3 )

dO 4
d~ >
7d 2

l) 0
100

dd >
7S 1
U 1
100

—20
—10

(Menschutkm, Ann Inst Pol P-leGr L3 1)
Antimony hydrogen in chloride, JSbC HC1

-hmo

DchqiKM ( ut 1)< «>mp 1>\ IIO
Mdts in d>stil II O it K> (\ ng< C R
106 I7<)7 )

Antimony /jen/achlonde, Sb( 1
I)< liqu< s( ( s to SbC 1 HIM) \vln<l an bo
(i>sUlh/id out of ilitth IIO I)<c( ip by
more IIO into M>O ( 1 So m i 1 n amt
ol II O, il it is i<l<l«l ill it OIK tmi< ccipi-
titioub} H O is ilso hm<l< i«l b\ pt< nee of
tart u u, 01 h\dio(hloiu i< id
-f-1 1 O I)diqu< sot ut Sol in < hl< )form
( Vns( hut/ UK I I v uib, \ 239 JS > )
-f-411 O Iiibol in ( hloioionn (\ >chutz
nui I< v uib )

Antimony peniachlonde with MCI
free Chlorantimonate, M
h<e also bdow

lod
henzc ru

— 2k d
—30
(~3>)
(—10)

(— *>)
(—2))
(— 1 »

0
2 i

(11 7)
(20 X)
(27 2)

0

1 \ >
2S 0

—34 ,

— 1 j
—5

1 >

(10 7;
10 7
If. 1
24 7
W 1
(17 2)
H )
IS 7

1(> i
.d 0

4 > 1

>i s

i * ')

72 >
7') S

Pjridz
rhlor

1
40

1 >

1 ii uh
l>rom
IK nz< IK

ss°

S )

so

70

0

1 I S
!> 7

M)
1 1 >

>

-10 >

—7 >
— it i
—l)
ft >

d »°

70

S7 I
<)> 2

too

Nitio
benzene

2

— 1
— 10
— H

f— 18)
—11 >

0
7 0
12 1
Id >
20 3
2* >
(2(> 2)
2> 2

27 }
2) S
i> 2
40 7
>() 0
)2 S
>i 0
> > S

1 >
2>
3)
4>
j >
d)
70
73

><) 2
Oi 0
d7 d
72 S
7J 0
S7 2
02 7
100

ANTIMONY POTASSIUM CHLORIDE

47

Antimony hydrogen pentachlonde,
HEW)

" Mefochlorantimornc acid" according to
Weinland and Schrmd, (Z anorg 1905, 44
43)

Very easily sol in H^O, alcohol, acetone
and glacial acetic acid Aqueous solution
decomp on standing with separation of Sb2O6
but remains clear in presence of 10% HC1
fWemland and Schmid, Z anorg 1905, 44
43)

SbCl5, 5HC1+10H20 Not deliquescent
Decomp by H20 Melts in crystal H2O at
about 55° (Engel, C B 106 1797 )

Antimony antnnonyl chloride, SbCl3, SbOCl
More easily attacked by H20 than SbOCl
(Bemmelen, Z anorg 1903, 33 293 )

Antimony antnnonyl potassium chloride,
SbCls, SbOCl, 2KC1

Not deliquescent Immediately decomp by
hot or cold H2O, sol in hot glacial HC2H3Oo,
or m HC1, or tartanc acid+Aq

Insol in KCl+Aq, hot or cold alcohol, CS2,
or ligrome (Benechkt, Proc Am Acad 29
217)

Antunony antnnonyl rubidium chloride,

SbCl3, SbOCl, 2RbCl
Sol in veiy dil HCl+Aq (Wells, Am J
Sci 1897, (4) 3 463 )

Antimony barium chloride, SbCls, BaCl2+

3/2H20
Decomp by H2O

Antimony caesium chloride, SbCl3, GCsCl

Decomp by H2O Cryst fiom dil HC1+
Aq (Godeffioy, Aich Pharm (3) 12 47 )

2SbCl3, 3CsCl Decomp by EUO, si sol
in cold, easily in hot dil HCl+Aq This is
identical with the above salt (Saunders, \m
Ch J 14 152)

SbCl4, 2CsCl Sol in boiling cone HC1+
Aq without decomp (Setteiberg, Oef Vet
Akad 1882,6 21)

SbCls CfeCl Ciyst f i om HCl+Aq without
decomp Decomp by H 0 (Setterbeig,
Ocf Vet Akid 1882,6 27)

Antimony calcium chloride, SbCls, CaCI +
8HO

Easily detomp (Benedict, Pioc \m
Acad 1895, 30 9 )

bbCleCaSbCU OH +9H O Deliquescent ,
si sol mHoO (Wcmland, K 1901,34 2635)

Antimony chromium chloride,

CrCl3, 3SbCl6 + 13H2O (Wemluid )

should be

[SbCU8[Cr(OHa)b]+7HsO,

md CrCls, SbCl5+10H20 should be
[SbCl6][Cr(OH2)4Cl2]+6H20
(Pfeiffer, Z anorg 1903, 36 349 )

Antimony glucinum chloride, SbCl3, G1C12+
3H20

Very hydroscopic Decomp by H20
Very easily sol in HC1 (Ephraim, B 1903,
36 1822 )

+4H20 Ppt Decomp by H2O Sol
in HC1 (Ephraim, B 1903, 36 1822 )

Antimony hydrazine chloride,

3N2HBC1

Sol m cone HCl+Aq, decomp by H2O
(Ferratim, C A 1912, 1613 )

Antimony lithium chloride, SbCls, 2LiCl+
5HO

Hydroscopic Decomp by H20 Very
easily sol in HC1 (Ephraim, B 1903, 36
1821 )

+6H20 Decomp by H2O, easily sol m
HC1 (Ephraim, B 1903, 36 1822 )

Antimony magnesium chloride, SbCls, MgCl2
+5H20

Hydroscopic Decomp by H*0 Can be
cryst from HC1 without decomp (Ephraim,
B 1903,36 1823)

2SbCl3, MgCl2 Hygroscopic Decomp
by H20 Very sol in HC1 (Ephraim )

SbCl7MgSbCl6MgOH+17H20 Hydro-
scopic Sol in H2O with decomp ( VV emland,
B 1901, 34 2635 )

Antimony mtrosyl chloride, SbCls, NOG1
Very deliquescent, decomp by pure H2C

sol m H20 containing tartanc acid (Webei,

Pogg 123 347 )
2SbClfi, 5NOC1 Decomp by H 0 (Sud-

borough, Chem Soc 59 661 )

Antimony phosphorus chloride, SbCl0, PCls
Deliquescent 0\cbei, Pogg 125 78)

Antimony phosphoryl chloride, SbCl6, POC13
Deliquescent (Webei )

Antimony platinum potassium chloride,

(bb, Pt)ClcK
Ppt (\\emland, 13 190), 38 lOSb )

Antimony potassium chloride, hbCls, 2KC1
bol in H O without decomp (Jacquelain,

A ch (2) 66 12S )

Not deliquescent Immediately dtcomp

by hot 01 cold IT O Sol in HC 1, or t u tanc

acid+Aq (Bcntdikt, Pioc Am \cad 29

21^)

+2H2O Voi\ offloitscuit

SbClj, oKCl Ddiqiuhccnt Dccomp b\

hot HO (Poggule)

+2HO (Rominib, C N 49 27])
Not obtained bv Bcnedikt (It)
10SbCl3 23KC1 T iue compobition of above

salts Sol mHO (Hoit> \iu Ch J 1S94,

16 495) , , ..

SbCls, 2KC1 is the om> tiue compound, ail

48

ANTIMONY RUBIDIUM CHLORIDE

others being isomorphous mixtures (Jordis,
B 1903, 36 2539 )

2SbCi4, 3KC1 Deliquescent Decomp by
H20 (Bosek. Chem Soc 1895, 67 516 )

SbCleKSbClfiKOH Hydroscopic Sol in
H20 with decomp (Weinland, B 1901, 34
2635)

See also Antimony antimonyl potassium
chlonde

Antimony rubidium chlonde, SbCl8, RbCl

Decomp on air or with H2O (Saunders,
Am Ch J 14 162 )

2SbCls,RbCl+H2O Decomp on air
(Wheeler, Z anorg 5 253 )

SbCls, 6RbCl Decomp byH20 (Godef-
froy, Arch Pharm (3) 9 343 )

formula is 10SbCl3, 23RbCl ( ?) (Saunders
Am Ch J 14 159 )

10SbCl3, 23RbCl (?) Decomp by H20,
sol inHCl+Aq (Saunders)

Formula is 3SbCl8,7RbCl (WeUs and
Foote, Am J Sci 1897, (4) 3 461 )

Composition assigned to this salt by
Saunders (Am Ch J 14 155) is incorrect
(Ephraim, B 1903, 36 1817 )

3SbCl8, 5RbCl As above (Saunders )

Formula is 2SbCls, 3RbCl (Wheeler )

Rb2SbCl6 Ppt Decomp byH20 (Wein-
land, B 1905,38 1083)

Rb2SbCl6, 2Rb8SbCl6 Ppt Decomp by
H20 (Wemland, B, 1901, 34 2635 )

Antimony selenium chloride, SbCU, SeCU
Deliquescent (Weber )

Antimony selenyl chlonde, SbCls, SeOCl2

Very deliquescent (Weber, Pogg 125
325)

Antimony sodium chloride, SbCl3, 3NaCl (?)
Decomp by much H20 (Poggiale )

Antimony sulphur chloride, 2SbCl5, 3SC12
Decomp by H 0

SbCl6, SC14 Sol mdil HNO3+Aq
Mpt 125-126° in an atmos of chlorine

Violently decomp by H2O (Ruff, B 1904,

37 4515 )

Antimony thallium chloride, SbCls, 3T1C1
Ppt (Ephraim, Z anorg 1909, 61 249 )
febCl4, T1C1 (Ephraim and Birteczko,

Z anorg 1909, 61 251 )
2SbCl4, 21101, TlCls Slowly decomp by

cold H 0 (Ii/phraiin and Barte< zko, Z

anoig 1909, 61 253 )

Antimony inchloride ammonia, SbCl3, NH3
Not very deliquescent Decomp by H2O

Antimony
6NH3
Decomp by HoO

pcntachlonde ammonia,
(Persoz )

Antimony perrtachloride cyanhydric aci<L

SbCls, 3HCN

Deliquescent, decomp byH20 (Kl n, A
74 85)

Antimony percfachlonde nitric oxide, 5 bCls,

NO

Decomp by H20 (Besson, C I 108
1012)

Antimony pentachloride nitrogen pe xide.

3SbCls, 2N02
Decomp by H2O (Besson )

Antimony pentehloride nitrogen su hide*
SbCU, N4S4

Easily decomp (Davis, Chem Soc 1906,
89 1577)

Decomp by cold H20^ HC1, EUSC and
warm alcohol, also by boiling with KOI f-Aq
Almost msol in organic solvents (We ding,
Z anorg 1908, 57 283 )

Antimony chlonde potassium bronud
SbCl3,3KBr-hlMH20

Very deliquescent Decomp by auch
H20 (Atkinson, Chem Soc 43 289 )

2SbCl3,3KBr +2H2O (Atkinson )

SbCl3,KBr +H20 (Atkinson )

Above are mixtures (Herty, Am h J
1894, 16 497 )

See Antimony bromide potassium ch nde

Antimony chlorofluonde, SbCl3F2
(Swarts, Z anorg 1896, 12 71 )

Antimony fluoiodide, SbF6I

Slowly decomp by H2O (Ruff, B L906,
39 4321 )

(SbF6)2I feol in H2O with pptn .f I2
(Ruff, B 1906, 39 4321 )

Antimony tfnfluonde, SbF3
Deliquescent feol in H20

Solubihtv in H2O it t°

t°

100 g of the
solution con
tarn g SbP 3

100 g I 3
contain g bFa

0°
20
22 5
25
30

79
81
SI
83
84

37
04
91
12
93

384 7
444 7
452 S
492 4
50) 0

(Ro&tnhum, Z anoig 1900, 61 18( )
Solubility m HI +Aq it 0°

Normality of HI -}-\q

100 k H O ot the 13 solu
tion dissolve g ^ Fs

2

1
0 5

474 9
432 5
404 0

(Rosenheim, Z anorg 1909, 61 19 1

ANTIMONY FLUORIDE POTASSIUM CHLORIDE

49

Solubility of SbF8 in salts+Aq at 0°

Antimony hthium fluoride, SbF8, 2LiF
Sol in more than 20 pta H20 (Fluckmger,
Pogg 87 245 )
SbF8j LiF Easily sol in H2O (Stein,
Chem Z 13 357)

Antimony potassium fluoride, SbFs, 2KF
Sol in less than 2 pts boiling, and in 9 pts
cold H20 Insol in alcohol or ether
SbF8, KF More sol than SbF8, 2KF Sol
in 2 8 pts HoO (Fluckmger, Pogg 87 245 )
SbF5, KF Easily sol in H20
SbF6, 2KF+2H2O Easily sol in H2O
(Mangnac, A 146 239 )

Antimony sodium fluoride, SbF8, 3NaF
Sol in 14 pts cold, and 4 pts boiling HzO
Sol in HF (Fluckmger, Pogg 87 245 )
SbF8, NaF 100 pts cold H2O dissolve 93
pts 100 pts hot H20 dissolve 166 pts
(Stem, Wagners' J B 1887 1160 )
4SbF3, NaF As NH4 salt (Raad and
Hauser, B 1890, 23 R 125 )
SbF6, 2NaF Easily sol in H2O (Mang-
nac, A 145 329 )

Antimony thallium fluoride, TlF,SbF8
Sol in H20 without decomp (Ephraun,
B 1909, 42 4458 )
TlF,2SbF3 Sol m H2O without decomp
(Ephraim )
TlF,3SbF8 Sol in H2O without decomD
Deco — *-

Antnnony frtfluoride ammonia, Sbr t
SI sol m liquid NH8 (Ruff, B 1^^
4326)

Salt

Nonnahty of
salt solution

100 g HzO of the
salt solution dis-
solve g SbFa

KC1

1
0 5
0 25
0 125

461 8
44S 3
431 9
407 3

KBr

1
0 5
0 25
0 125

448 7
450 0
455 6
417 2

KN03

1
0 5
0 25
0 125

458 2
451 9
418 3
401 4

HK2S04

1
0 5
0 25

419 9
408 5
406 6

^K2C204

1
0 5
0 25
0 125

465 7
481 2
451 3
405 2

M(NH4)2C204

0 5
0 25
0 125

431 9
442 3
433 3

^K2C4H40«

1
0 5
0 25
0 125

461 4
430 5
430 8
435 2

(Rosenheim, Z anorg 1909, 61 192 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898,20 826)

Antimony pmtafluonde, SbFB

Sol mH2O (Mangnac, A 145 239)
Very hydroscopic, bpt 155° Sol in H20

with hissing (Ruff, B 1904, 37 678 )
+2H2O (Ruff, B 1904, 37 679 )

Antimony prntofluonde ^antimony tn-

fluonde, Sb8I< u = 2Sb* 8, SbF5
Hydroscopic, bpt 390° Easily sol mH20
(Ruff, B 1904, 37 680 )

Antimony pc^fafluonde p< ntaaatimony tn-

fluonde, SbF5, 5SbF3
B pt 384° (corr ) (Ruff, B 1904, 37 681 )

Antimony caesium fluoride,

Csl ,2SbF3

CsF,3SbF,
4CsF,7SbF8

CsF,SbF3
2CsF,SbF3
(Wells, Am J Sci 1901, (4) 11 451 )

Antimony Znfluonde ammonium chlonde

SbF3, NH4C1

Easily sol in H20 (de Haen, B 21 901
R)

Antimony Influonde ammonium sulphate,

SbF8, (NH4) S04

More sol than K 01 Na salt 1 pt H20
dissolves 1 4 pts at 24° and 15 pts at 100°
(de Haen, B 21 902 R )

Antimony fluoride lithium chloride, SbF8,

IiCl
Sol m H O (Stan, Chem Z 13 357 )

Antimony per/tafldonde mtrosyl fluoride,

SbF6, NOF

Hydroscopic IX.ro mp by H/) bol in
liquid NH$ with ducomp SI sol in NOC1,
SiCl4, PC13, AsCU l>0201 and SOC12 (RufT,
Z anorg 1908, 68 m )

Antimony Jnfluoride potassium chloride,

SbF3, KC1

100 pts H O dissolve 51 pts at 24°, and
500 pts at 100° (de Haen, B 21 901 R )

50

ANTIMONY FLUORIDE POTASSIUM SULPHATE

Antimony influoride potassium sulphate.
SbF8, K2S04

Sol in HoO (de Haen )

2SbF3, K2S04 Very sol in HoO (Mayer,
B 1894, 27 R, 922 )

Antimony fnfluonde sodium chloride, SbF8,

NaCl

Easily sol in H20 (de Haen, B 21 901
R)

Antimony influonde sodium sulphate, SbF3,

Na2SO4
Sol in H20 (de Haen )

Antimony fluoiodide, SbF8I

Mpt 80°, slowly decomp b\ H2O (Ruff,
B 1906, 39 4321 )

(SbF6)2I Mpt 110-115°, decomp by
H20 (Ruff )

Antimony fluosulphide, SbF6S

Very hygroscopic Decomp bv HoO Sol
with decomp in alcohol Sol inCC!4 (Ruff,
B 1906, 39 4332 )

Antimony gold, Au3Sb

Insol in equal pts of HN03 and tartanc
acids (Roessler, Z anorg 1895, 9 72 )

Antimony hydride, SbH3

Scarcely sol in H 0 1000 com H 0 ab-
sorb 412 cc SbH3 at 105° Decomp by
long contact with H 0, also by cone H SO4
or KOH+Aq (Jones, Chem Soc 29 641 )

Antimony Znhydroxide, Sb O3, 2H O -
Sb20(OH)4

(Schaffner, A 51 1S2 )

Sb(OH)3 Ppt (ClaikcandStolla, B 13
1787)

Does not oxist (Guntz, C R 102 1472 )

See Antimonous acid and antimony tn-
oxide

Antimony imodide, Sbl j

Decomp by JI () or S0</r ileohol Sol in
Hl-f Aq, bol in boiling CS ind in boiling
)>ciL4cm , but »(pdi it< s out on < oolmg Al-
most insol in CHC13 (Gonk(, Proc Ain
Ai id (2) 5 72 )

1* isily sol in AsBj , (\\ tide n, / inor^
1902, 29 >7 1- )

Sol in vviirn AsHi h|) £i ot L solution
sat it 40° which sohditus it 57°, « i 720
Hub disbolvis imth i \M< \vtui(bv the inpt
sinkb to 31° ind sp 31 uses to i SOI By
rni\mg the Utter rjolutinn vuth i solution of
AsF3 in C1I 12, * liquK1 c in be obtuiud with
abp gi of ^702 it 20° (RctRois, / phys
Ch 1S()% 11 UO)

ftol m I'd, (Huknimn, Z inoij? 1900,
51 110)

Sol in ^OCl (\\ ildon, Z inoig 1(KK),
25 215)

Sol inSOCl2andS2Cl2 (Walden,Z an g
1900,25 216)

Sol m AsCls (Walden, Z anorg 1< 0,
25 214 )

Sol in SnCl4 (Walden, Z anorg 1< 0,
25 218 )

Sol in POC13 (Walden, Z anorg l« 0,
25 212 )

Easily sol m PC18 and PBrs (WaL n,
Z anorg 1900, 26 211 )

Partly sol in, and partly decomp bj al-
cohol or ether (M'lvor, Chem Soc (2) 4
328)

Insol in oil of turpentine and CC14

100 pts methylene iodide dissolve 113 te
SbI3atl2°, sp gr of solution =3 453 ( t-
gers, Z anorg 3 343 )

Sol m C6H6 (Retgers, Z phys Ch 1 )3,
11 334 )

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904 J7
4328)

Antimony pentaiodide,

Very unstable (Pendleton, C N 48 7 )

Antimony barium iodide, Sbla, BaIa+91- 3

Decomp by H20 Sol in HC1, HC2P 32,

or H2C4H4O6-i-Aq CS2 dissolves out i I8
(Schaffer, Pogg 109 611 )

Antimony caesium iodide, 2SbIs,3CsI

SI sol in HI+Aq Exists in two dis ict
forms (Wells, Am J Sci 1901, (4) 11 5 )

Antimony potassium iodide, 2SbI3, 3J -f-
3H2O

Decomp by H20 Sol in HC1, HC2I 32,
or H C4H4O6H-Aq CS2 dissolves out i >I3
(Staffer, Pogg 109 611 )

bbI3, 2KI+2HHO Decomp by 20
(Nickles, J Pharm (3)39 110)

Antimony rubidium iodide, 2bbli,

Decomp by H O (\\hccki, Z 11101 5
259)

Antimony sodium iodide, 2^1*, il\ 1 +

12H O
As 2SbI3, 3lvl (Sch iff( i, I>ojrft 109 1 )

Antimony thallous iodide, 2SbI j, '> 111

Dc««np by H ° ln(l by HCl + Aq, al b>

ikohol (1^ phi aim, Z moij. 1 90S, 58 >4 )

Antimony nitride, SbN

Duomp b> he it (!M m/ I isdui, B HO,
43 1471 )

Antimony dioxide, bb O^

\crvsl sol mHO Sol m S900-1 000

nts HO it 100°, 55,00(M)1,10() pts i 15°

\Schulzo, J pi (2)27 if»llMM , . , .

Sol mHC14-A.q Insol mllNOs+A( but

notibinsol \s met istamuc icid Sol 11 old

fuming HNO, or H b()4 Insol m dil but

;ol in cone ilkalie^, o ilk ill caibon s-f-

ANTIMONY SULPHIDE

51

Aq
Sol

Sol in cold NH4C1, or NH4NOs-fAq
in 15 pts boiling SbCls (Schneider,
Pogg 108 407 )

Sol in HC2H802, or HaCJE^Oe+Aq, and
not pptd from these solutions by H2O Eas-
ily sol in benzoic acid Insol in pyrotartanc
acid Very sol in KHCJHUOe+Aq Sol in
glycerine

Somewhat sol in H3PO44-Aq (Kbhler,
Dingl 1885, 258 520 )

Insol in liquid NHS (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 826 )

Sol in lactic acid (Kretzschmar, Ch Z
1888,12 943)

Sol in grape sugar solution to which
Ca(OH)2 has been added (Vogel, B 1885,
18, R 38 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann. B 1904, 37
4329,Eidmann, C C 1899,11 1014)

Sol in glycerine in presence of alkalies
(Kohler, Dingl 1885, 258 520 )

Exists m a sol colloidal modification
(Spring, B 16 1142 )

Mm Valentzmte, Senarmontite

+H20 See Antimonous acid

Antimony tetfroxide, Sb204

Insol in H20 Slightly attacked by acids,
hot cone HCl+Aq acts only slightly (Fre-
senius )

Mm Cervantite SI sol in HCl+Aq

Antimony pewtoxide, Sb 06

Insol in HO Easily sol in HCl+Aq SI
sol in cone KOH+Aq

" Antimonoxvd" is sol m glycerine in pres-
ence of alkalies

100 g glycerine, to which have been added
10 g NaOH+Aq (1 1), dissolve 20 6 g
at b-pt , ,20 g NaOH+Aq (1 1), dissolve
360 g at b-pt , 40 K NiOH+Aq (1 1),
dissolve 68 5 g at b-pt 80 g NaOH+Aq
(1 1), dissolve 9 i 0 g it b -pt , 120 g NaOH
H-Aq (1 1), dibsolvc 1192 % it b-pt
(Kohlci Dingl 258 520)

h(( also Antimomc acid

Antimony nitrogen protoxide, 2Sb 0 , N Or
Not docornp b\ HO ( I hoin is, C It
1895, 120 lilt))

Antimony oxybromide
*S< ( Antimonyl bromide

Antimony oxychlonde
/v 6 Antimonyl chloride

Antimony oxyfluonde
S( < Antimonyl fluoride

Antimony oxysulphide, Sb OS

Mm Antimony blendt (kermtsite)

Insol m H2O 01 dil acids, except HCl-f-Aq

(Schneider, Pogg 110 147)

Antimony palladium, Sb2Pd

SI sol in equal pts of HNO3 and tartano
acids (Roessler, Z anorg 1895, 9 69 )

Antimony platinum, Sb Pt

Insol in equal pts of HNOS and tartanc
acids (Roessler, Z anorg 1895, 9 67 )

Antimony phosphide, SbP

Insol in benzene, ether, or CS2 (M'lvor,
B 6 1362)

Antimony selemde, SbSe

(Chretien, C R 1906, 142 1341 )

Sb3Se4 (Chretien, I c )

Sb4Se5 (Chretien, I c )

Sb2Ses Sol in KOH+Aq (Hofacker, A
107 6)

Sb2Se* (Hofacker )

Antimony selemde, with M selemde
See Selenoantunonates, M

Antimony Znsulphide, Sb S3 (Kermes]

Insol m H20 and dil acids

1 1 H20 dissolves 52 x 10-° mols pptd
Sb2S8 at 18° (Weigel, Z phys Ch 1907, 68
294)

Decomp by cone HNO3 or H2S04 Sol
in cone HCl+Aq Easily sol m dil KOH,
NaOH, (NH4)2S, and K2S+Aq SI sol in
NH4OH+Aq, very si sol in (NH4);CO3-f
Aq, insol in KSH+Aq (Fresenius )

8ol m a mixture of 50 ptb H->O and 18 pts
HC1 (sp gr 1 16) even when completely sat
with H S (L\ng and Carson, I Soc Chcm
Ind 1902,21 1018)

SI sol m II SO, +Aq (Gueiout, C R
1872, 75 U7b )

Gryst Sb S3 ib only si sol in NH4OHH-
Aqfl pt in ibout 2(KX) pts Nil,)

Pptd imoiphoubSboh^m xppiociablj more
sol (1 pt in 000 pts NHj) (Guot, J pi

41, 29 SO

M sol in hot 2°c Nilii<)7+Aq still less
sol in (old (Matdm, C C 1906, II r>r*>7 )

Insol mNJI,ClH-\q

»Sol in 14-1 r> pts ])uu ShCli (S(hnu<ici,
oRft 108 407)

Slowly sol in II dHA-F ^i

Sol inhoihiiK N i,SbS,4-A(i

Sol inhoiddK tut UK uid o\ ih< uids
Si sol in in ilu, Ixn/oic , pic in uul p\iog ilh(
Kids Insol infoiniK md i((ti< u ids \{ s-
p«idly ( isil\ sol in <itn< uid o\ di( i< ids
with iddilion of KNO, KNO 01 KClOj
(Holton, ( N 1S7S, 37 Sl> uid <)() )

Sol in ( thyl inuiH sidphvdi it( -h \<j

Mm Mibmte Sol in (old <itu( uid-h

q (Bolton, C N 37 11 )

Soluble modulation Sh S3 m i\ lx ob-
t umd in i < olloid d st it< in iqu< ous solution
contumnft 1 pt Sh S, to JOOpts II () I Ins
cm he boil«l without d«oinp hut Sb Ss ^
pptd b\ u 1<N uid s dts

50

ANTIMONY FLUORIDE POTASSIUM SULPHATE

Antimony fnfluonde potassium sulphate,
SbF8, K2S04

Sol mH20 (deHaen)

2SbF8, K2S04 Very sol m H,O (Mayer,
B 1894, 27 R 922 )

Antimony fnfluonde sodium chloride,

NaCl

Easily sol in H20 (de Haen, B 21 901
B)

Antimony Jnnuonde sodium sulphate, SbF3,

Na*S04
Sol mH20 (deHaen)

Antimony fluoiodide, SbFfiI

Mpt 80°, slowly decomp b\ H20 (Ruff,
B 1906, 39 4321 )

(SbF6)2I Mpt 110-115°, decomp by
H20 (Ruff )

Antimony fluosulphide, SbF6S

Very hygroscopic Decomp bv H O Sol
with decomp m alcohol Sol mCCl4 (Ruff,
B 1906, 39 43<?2 )

Antimony gold, Au3Sb

Insol m equal pts of HN03 and tartanc
acids (Roessler, Z anorg 1895, 9 72 )

Antimony hydride, SbH3

Scarcely sol m H 0 1000 ccm H O ab-
sorb 4 12 cc SbH3 at 10 5° Decomp by
long contact with H O, also by cone H SO4
orKOH-h\q (Jones, Chcm boc 29 641)

Antimony irihydroxide, Sb O3 211 O =
bbO(OH),

(Schiffncr, V 51 1S2 )

Sb(OH)n Ppt (Clulv( indStoIla, B 13
17S7)

Docs not <Mst (Unit/ C H 102 1172)

>S<< Antimonous acid and antimony in
oxide

Antimony tn iodide, shl

Dccomp 1)\ H O or SO', dcohol Sol m
III-} Vq sol in boiling C ^ m<l in boiling
l»cn/( i i l>nt ^( p u tt< s out on (onling \1-
most msnl m ( PCI, ((ool(, I'KK Am
\< id (J) 5 72 )

1 isil\ sol in \^H (\\ »!<!< ii / moik
IW2 29 >7\ t

^n\ in \\ inn \sHi ^p ^ ol i soluUon
sit it 10 \\liK Ii solnhtiis it M — •> 7JO
1 his <lissnlv( s luitli i \^i \\h<i(l)\tln nipt
sinks to >t in<l sj) *j 11 » s to > SOI H\
iniMiip; (In litt<i ^o'ution \ ith i solution of
\sl m (HI » liqun1 ( HJ b< oht un«l VMth
i sp LJ i f i 7(U it JO K< t^,<i- / pli\s
( h is') , 11 H) •

•M)! in IH 1 ' I'M I m inn / mou 1(K)()
61 i Hv i

Sol in ^<>(1 f\\ <I<1< n / moi^ 1000

Sol m SOC12 and S2C12 (Walden, Z lore
1900,26 216)
Sol in AsCU (Walden, Z anorg 900,

25 214)

Sol in SnCl4 (Walden, Z anorg L900,

26 218)

Sol in POCls (Walden, Z anorg 1900,
26 212)

Easily sol in PC13 and PBr8 (^ iden,
Z anorg 1900, 25 211 )

Partly sol in, and partly decomp y

hoi or ether (M'lvor, Ct
328)

5) 14

cohol or ether (M'lvor, Chem Soc

&)

Insol in oil of turpentine and CC14

100 pts methylene iodide dissolve 1 3 pts
SbI8 at 12°, sp gr of solution =3 453 (Ret-
gers, Z anorg 3 343 )

Sol in C6H6 (Retgers, Z phys Cl 1893,
11 334)

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1< 4, 37
4328)

Antimony pentaiodide, Sbls
Very unstable (Pendleton, C N J 97 )

Antimony barium iodide, SbI3, BaLH 'H20

Decomp by H20 Sol in HC1, H< HS02,

or H2C4H4O6+Aq CS2 dissolves 01 Sbls
(Schaffer, Pogg 109 611 )

Antimony caesium iodide, 2SbI3,3CsI

SI sol in HI+Aq Exists m two istmct
forms (Wells, Am J Sci 1901, (4) 455 )

Antimony potassium iodide, 2SbI3 3KI-f
3H2O

Decomp by H O Sol m HC1, H 2H302,
or H C4H4Oc+Aq CS2 dissolves c b SbI3
(Sctiaff(r, Pogg 109 Oil )

Sbl< 21^14~<23/^^2O Dooomp I H2O
(Nicklcs, J Pharm (3)39 11(>)

Antimony rubidium iodide, 2SM3,
l)((()inp by II O (W hi eld, 55

2r>() )

Antimony sodium iodide,

1JH O
As2SbIi, 5KI (Schiffd,

Antimony thallous iodide,

Dtcoinp b> 11 O ind by
ihohol (I phi um, / ^(]

>I

lorg 5

9 611 )

ilso b>
100S, 8 354 )

\ 1

Antimony nitride, Sb\

Ddotiip b\ h( it (!M in/ Iisditi B 1910,
43 U71 )

Antimony Moxide, SI) Ot

\nv si sol m HO M m S<) )-10 000
pts HO tt 100°, r)5,00(H> 1,100 p at 15°

<XolllmIllCr+Vq) InsotmllNO Aq, but

!M)t IS ^^nKC^^^
sdinm^((>n( ilkihtb, o ilkahcai onates-f

ANTIMONY SULPHIDE

51

Aq Sol in cold NH4C1, or NH4N03+Aq
Sol in 15 pts boiling SbCl3 (Schneider,
Pogg 108 407)

Sol in HC2H302, or H2C4H406-f Aq, and
not pptd from these solutions by H20 Eas-
ily sol in benzoic acid Insol in pyrotartanc
acid Very sol in KHC4H406+Aq Sol in
glycenne

Somewhat sol in H3P04+Aq (Kohler,
Dingl 1885,268 520)

Insol in liquid NHs (Gore, Am Ch J
1898. 20 826 )

Sol in lactic acid (Kretzschmar, Ch Z
1888,12 943)

Sol in grape sugar solution to which
Oa(OH)2 has been added (Vogel, B 1885,
18, R 38 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329, Eidmann, C C 1899,11 1014)

Sol in glycerine in presence of alkalies
(Kohler, Dingl 1885, 258 520 )

Exists in a sol colloidal modification
(Spring, B 16 1142)

Mm Valentimte, Senarmonfote

-fH20 See Antimonous acid

Antimony iefroxide, Sb204

Insol in H2O Slightly attacked by acids,
hot cone HCl+Aq acts only slightly (Fre-
semus )

Mm Ceruantite SI sol in HCl-fAq

Antimony pentoxide, Sb O5

Insol m H O Easily sol in HCl+Aq SI
sol in cone KOH+4q

" Antimonoxvd" is sol in glycerine in pres-
ence of alkalies

100 g glycerine, to which have been added
10 g NaOH+Aq (1 1), dissolve 20 6 g
at b-pt , 30 g NaOH+<Vq (1 1), dissolve
360 g at b-pt , 40 g NaOH+Aq (1 1),
dissolve 68 5 g at b-pt 80 g NaOH+Aq
(1 1), dissolve 93 0 g at b pt , 120 g NaOH
+Aq (1 1), dissolve 1192 g at b-pt
(Kohler, Dingl 258 520 )

See also Antunonic acid

Antimony nitrogen peroxide, 2Sb 05, N 05
Not deromp by H 0 ( Thomas, C R
1895, 120 1116)

Antimony oxybromide
See Antimonyl bromide

Antimony oxychlonde
See Antimonyl chloride

Antimony oxyfluonde
See Antimonyl fluoride

Antimony oxysulphide, SboOfe2
Mm Antimony blende (kermesite)
Insol in H20 or dil acids, except HCl+Aq

(Schneider, Pogg 110 147 )

Antimony palladium, SbsPd

SI sol in equal pts of HNO3 and tartanc
acids (Roessler, Z anorg 1895, 9 69 )

Antimony platinum, Sb2Pt

Insol in equal pts of HNO8 and tartanc
acids (Roessler, Z anorg 1895, 9 67 )

Antimony phosphide, SbP

Insol in benzene, ether, or CS2 (M'lvor,
B 6 1362)

Antimony selemde, SbSe

(Chretien, C R 1906, 142 1341 )

Sb3Se4 (Chretien, I c )

Sb4Se5 (Chretien. I c )

Sb2Ses Sol in KOH+Aq (Hof acker, A
107 6)

(Hof acker )

Antimony selemde, with M selemde
See Selenoantimonates, M

Antimony tfnsulphide, SboS8 (Kermes)

Insol in H2O and dil acids

1 1 H20 dissolves 5 2 x HH mols pptd
Sb2S3 at 18° (Weigel, Z phys Ch 1907, 58
294)

Decomp by cone HN03 or H2SO4 Sol
in cone HCl+Aq Easily sol in dil KOH,
NaOH, (NH4)2S, and K2S+Aq SI sol in
NH4OH+Aq very si sol in (NH4)2CO3 +
Aq, msol inKSH+Aq (Fresemus )

Sol in a mixture of 50 pts H20 and 18 pts
HC1 (sp gr 1 16) even when completely sat
with HoS (Lang and Carson, T Soc Chem
Ind 1902, 21 1018 ) ^ ^

SI sol in H2SO3+Aq (Guerout, C R

Cryst Sb Ss is only si sol m NH4OH +
Aq (1 pt m about 2000 pts NH3)

Pptd amorphous Sb2S3 is appreciably more
sol (1 pt m 600 pts NH3) (Garot, J pr

.-

SI 'sol in hot 2% NaoB407+Aq still less
sol m cold (Materne, C C 1906, II 557 )

Insol mNH4Cl+A.q

Sol in 14-15 pts puie Sbda (Schneider,
Pogg 108 407 )

Slowly sol in H CJHUOe+Aq

Sol m boiling Na3bbS4+\q

Sol in hot citric, taitanc and oxalic icids
SI sol mmalic, benzoic, picric and pyiogallic
acids Insol in formic ind acetic acids Ks-
Deciallv eisih sol in citiic and oxalic acids
with addition of KN08, KNO 01 KC1O»
(Bolton, C N 1878,37 86 and 99 )

Sol inothylaminestilph}diate+Aq

Mm Stibnite Sol in cold citnc icid-f
\q (Bolton, C N 37 14 )

Soluble mod^ficat^on Sb Ss may be ob-
tained in a colloidal stito in aqueous solution
containing 1 pt Sb S3 to 200 pts H2O This
can be boiled without decomp , but Sb S3 is
pptd by acids and s ilts

52

ANTIMONY SULPHIDE

Table of maximum dilution of solutions of
acids and salts which cause pptn of Sb2S8

HC1 1 270

H2S04 1 140

H2C2O4 1 45

K2S04 1 65

(NH4) SO4 1 130

MgSO4 1 1720

MnSO4 1 2060

NaCl 1 135

BaCl2 1 2050

MgCl2 1 5800

CoCl2 1 2500

KNO8 1 75

Fe2Cl6 1 2500

Ba(NO3)2 1 1250

KoAl (SO4)4 1 35,000

(NH4)2Fe2(S04)4 1 800

K2Cr2(SO4)4 1 40,000

KSbOC4H4O6 1 18

(Schulze, J pr (2) 27 320 )

Antimony Jnstilphide with M->S
See Sulphantunomtes, M

Antimony pe/zta sulphide, Sb2&5

Insol in H20, or H2O containing H2S Sol
in cone HCl-l-Aq Completely sol in
x-ii nw j_Aq, traces dissolve in (NH4)2CO3-f-
ily sol in I\OH, or NaOH-f \q, or
sulphides -f Aq Sol in 50 pts cold
OH-Kq (Geiger)
m(NH4)2C03-h\q
x w in cold, but sol in hot alkali carbon-
ates-fAq (Berzehus )
Insol mNa,RbS44-^q
When boiled \\ith ilcohol, etha, Cfe2, 01
of turpentine, etc*, poition of the fe is dis-
solve d out ( Berzc lius )

CS2 dissolves about 5r< of tht sulphur
(Rammdsbug )

Antimony p^/fr/sulphide with M S
f>(( Sulphantimonates, M

Antimony sulphochlonde,

Decomp b\ moist in 01 H O (Gloiz, V
oh ( *) 30 *74 )

SbS Cl I if>ih ittukcdb\ uids insol n
OS K)UM ud, C H 116 ni<>)

Sb S Cl (Ou\ru<l )

iSbS, I)«omp b\ dil IKl-f

SbSC I 7SbGIj Diliqiusunt dccoinj) bj
HO fSfhmidcr Pojsp 108 407 ,

Antimony sulphofluonde, hbl S
bet Antunony fluosulphide

Antimony sulphoiodide,

Not ittukidb\ HO ind d«omp <ml
b> (OIK Kids Insol in CS (S(hiu icier
PopK 110 147 )

Sb Sjf (Htniy md Gaiot )

Sb Mi Sol m dr> CS Ver> c tbily de
comp (Omrml, C H 117 10S )

Antimony sulphur choxide, SbSO2
Ppt (Faktoi, C C 1900, 1 1211 )

Antimony tellunde, SbTe
Insol m H20

Sb2Tes Insol in H20 (Oppenheun, J
• 71 277 )

Antunonyl bromide, SbOBr

Insol in CS2 (Cooke, Proc Am Acad 1
04)

SI sol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch
1898,20 826)

Sb406Br2 (M'lvor, C N 29 179 )
10Sb4O5Br2, SbBr3

Antunonyl chlonde

From SbCls SbOCl Insol in H2O D
comp by boiling with H20, sol in HC1+A
[nsol in alcohol or ether, sol in CS2, CHG
orC6H6 (Sabanajew, Zeit Ch 1871 204)

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch
1898, 20 826 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann B 1904, 3
4329)

Sb406Cl2 Algaroth powder Decomp 1
H2O Sol in HCl-fAq (Cooke, Proc AJ
Acad 13 1), tartanc acid+Aq (Schaffr
A 162 135)

Sb&OnCla (Cooke )

SbsOCl22

Ffw»*SbCl5 SbOCl3 Dehquescent E
composed by H2O Sol in H2O (Daubra^
184 118)

Docs not exist (Anschutz and Evans,
239 285 )

SbsOClia Deliquescent Insol in C! ,
easily sol in tartaric acid+Aq (Wilhar ,
C N 24 224)

Sb304Cl7 (\\ ilhams )

febO2Cl Decomp by hot H 0 into HSbi

Antunonyl fluoride

From Sbl 3 Sb4O3K Not deliquesce
(Fluckiger, Pogg 87 249 )

Antunonyl caesium fluoride, bbl< 4OH, CsL
(\\dls, Vm J Sd 1001, (4) 11 456)

Antimonyl sodium fluoride, SbOl<3, Nil -

HO

Ddiqufsunt I1 isilv sol m H O (Mi -
n w, \ 145 2W)

Antimonyl iodide, Sb4C)j2

Difficultly sol in bolution of tutane d
01 tirtritcs Decoinp by FIC1, I1N03, >r
H2S()4-f\q 1 ibily sol in illvahes, >r
(NH4) S+\q

SbOI Tnsol in CS2 (Cook(, Proc i i
Vc id (2) 5 72 )

Antunonyl sulphide

,Sf f Antimony oxysulphide

ARSENIC CHLORIDE

53

Argon, A

100 cc H20 dissolve 4 05 cc argon at 13 9°
Critical t —121 6° under 50 6 atmos Bpt —
186 9° Sp gr 19 9 (Rayleigh, C N 1895,
71 51-62, 299-302, C C 1895 467 )

Coefficient of absorption in H20 at 12° =
00394, at 13 9° =00405 (Ramsay, Phil
Trans 1895, 186 A 225 )

Absorption by H 0 at t°

t°

Coefficient of absorption

0°
10
20
30
40
50

0 0561
0 0438
0 0379
0 0348
0 0338
0 0343

(Antropoff, Roy Soc Proc 1910, 83 A 480 )

Absorption of argon by H20 at t° and 760
mm pressure

t°

Coefficient of absorption

0°

0 05780

1

0 05612

5

0 05080

10

0 04525

15

0 04099

20

0 03790

25

0 03470

30

0 03256

35

0 03053

40

0 02865

45

0 02731

50

0 02567

(Estreicher, Z phys Ch 1S99, 31 184 )

1 1 H20 at 3b° absorbs 25 7 cc A
1 1 blood absorbs 25 3 cc A (Regnaid
and Schloesmg, C R 1897, 124 303 )

Not absoibed by membeis of the fatty
series of organic compounds, with members
of the aiomatic suies absoiption was ob-
served vaiymg from 8% of the volume em-
ployed for benzene to 1% foi aniline (Berth-
elot, C II Ib99, 129 71 )

Arsenamide, As(NH2)s

Insol in liquid NH3 Decomp by H2O
(Hugot, C R 1904, 139 55 )

Arsenic, As

Unaltered by pure 1I2O Inbol in HC1 +
Aq if air is excluded, but si sol in presence of
air Not attacked by dil H SC^H-Aq Oxi-
dized by cone H2SO4, HNO3, or aqua regia
Not attacked at 20° by HNO3, cone or dil ,
or containing NO^, noi by HNOs+HCl, as
long as they do not act on each other, but if
treated with the above mixture in extremely
dilute state, and a few drops of KN02+Aq

are added, the As is attacked at once (Mil-
Ion, A ch (3) 6 101 )

Sol in sea water, 0009 mg per liter off
Brittany, 001 to 009 mg per liter near
Azores (Gautier, C R 1903, 137 232 )

Insol in liquid NH8 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 827 )

Insol in liquid NH3 f Hugot, A ch 1900,
(7) 21 31 )

Insol in NaOH, KOH, or NH4OH+Aq

Sol in SaBr, (Hannay, Chem Soc (2) 11
823)

Insol in alcohol and ether

Sol in certain fatty oils

Insol in methylene iodide (Retgers, Z
anoig 3 343 )

y^ com oleic acid dissolves 0 0032 g As in
6 days (Gates, J phys Ch 1911, 15 143 )

Yettow modification Very unstable (Mc-
Leod, C N 1894, 70 139 )

Fairly stable in liquid air (Thomson,
Chem Soc 1906, 90 (2) 745 )
100 ccm CS2 dissolve at

46° 20° 12° 0° —15° —60°

11 8 6 4 2 0-2 5 1 0 g As

Less sol in benzene and ethyl acetate
(Erdmann, Z anorg 1902, 32 448 )

Arsenic acid See page 59

Arsenic bromide AsBr

Decomp by
about 3 pts boili_
presence of HBr \
17 261 )

Sol inCS

Sol in AlBr3 (Isbeko^, Z anoig 1913,
84 26)

Easily sol in PC13 and PBis (Walden,
Z anorg 1900, 25 211 )

Sol in S2C1 (Walden, Z anoig 1900,
25 217)

Arsenic caesium bromide, 2^sBis, 3CsBr

Decomp b\ HO, can be recijst fiom
cone HBi + A.q (\\heelei, Z anoig 4 451 j

Arsenic rubidium bromide, 2\sBis, 3RbCl
\s the con espondmg Cs comp

Arsenic bromide ammonia, \sBi3, 3NH3

Decomp bj H20 (Bes&on, C R 110
1258)

Arsenic bromide copper, 2\jsBi3,7Cu

Stable to waid hot H 0 Decomp by KOH
(HilpeitandHerrman, B 1913,46 2224)

Arsenic bromide silver, AsBi3, 3\g

Scaicely decomp b\ cold H 0 (Hilpert
and Herrmann )

Arsenic chloride, 'VsCls

Miscible with little H O, and uith alcohol,
ether, and volatile oils Decomp bj much
H 0, or by boiling (Gmelm )

ARSENIC CHLORIDE

Miscible with oil of turpentine, and with
olive oil Somewhat sol in HCl+Aq

Easily sol in PC18 and PBrs (Walden,
Z anorg 1900,25 211)

Sol in liquid CN (Centnerszwer, J russ
phys Ges 1901,33 545)

Sol in S2C1 (Walden, Z anorg 1900, 26
217)

Arsenic penfachloride, AsCls

Fumes in the air with evolution of hydro-
gen chloride Readily sol m CS2, and ab-
solute ether cooled to — 30° (Baskerville,
J Am Chem Soc 1902, 24 1070 )

Arsenic caesium chloride, 2AsCls, 3CsCl

Decomp by HoO 100 pts ECl+Aq (1 2
sp gr ) dissolve 0 429 pt salt (Wheeler,
Z anorg 4 451 )

Arsenic indium phosphorus chloride

See Indium phosphorus chloride arsenic
chlonde

Arsenic rubidium chlonde, 2AsCls, 3RbCl

Decomp by H20 100 pts HCl+Aq (sp
gr 1 2) dissolve 2 935 pts salt (Wheeler, Z
451 )

Aur chlonde, ,2
oy H 0 (Rose )
ompound is a mixture

3, 3SC12

(Nilson,

Arsenic chlonde ammonia, 2 \sC!3, 7NH3
Decomp b\ cold HO, \vith ( volution of

NH3 irom the solution crystallize b \s4Cl

N H1008
Sol in alcohol \\ithout deeomp (Ro&r,

Pogg 52 62 )

Composition is A&Clj, 4NHT (Bosson,

C R 110 12oS)

Arsenic chloride copper, 2\sCl3,7Cu

Sonio\\hit doroinp b^ II O J)« ornp In
KOH, 01 hot HG1 (Ihlput ind 1I< mmin,
B 1913, 46 2224 )

Arsenic chloride silver, 2 \sd-j, 7 \u

HO, MIiOH ind 1\< )H split oil \K (JIiI-
])dt ind I I<n in tnn )

Arsenic frifluoride, \sl ,

Sol in H O \Mth < \olutioii oi lu it iml <1(
composition (B< i£<lius )

1 tsilv feol in In n/< IH iMoissui, ( K
99 S74 )

Misnbh \\jth dcohol m<l(th<i (Ml\oi
t N 30 !<><>)

Arsenic ?)f //^/fluoride, \si

Sol in JI O ilkilus-f-\q ind liquid Ul <
\\ith (\olution of h( it Vbboi b«l 1>\ (th(i
ilcohol uul b(ii/(n( ^itli (\olutioi) ol IK »t
(Ruff, H 1()(H>, 39 <)7 )

Arsenic potassitun fluoride, AsF5, KF
J^H2O

AsF5, 2KF+H2O
AsF5, AsOF
'xo 237 )

(Mangnac, .

Arsenic fluoride ammonia, 2AsF3, 5NH3
Easily decomp by H20 (Besson, C ]

Arsenic pentafhionde mtrosyl fluonde, Asl
NOF

Decomp by H2O, fuming HC1, NaOH-j-A h
dry ether and dry alcohol with evolution
NO Sol in cone HNO3, hot cone H2SC ,
boiling NOC1 and AsF8 Insol m CC14 ai I
CS2 (Ruff, Z anorg 1908, 68 327 )

Arsenic Znfluoride sulphur te£rachlori<3 „

2AsF8, SC14

Very hydroscopic Decomp by H2O a] 1

NaOH Decomp by thionyl chloride, CC ,.

CS2, abs alcohol and ether Decomp i

hgrom, benzene and toluene (Ruff, B 19( ,
37 4520)

Arsenic hydride, AsH3

SI sol in H2O and alkali hydrates+^ ,
\\ith subsequent decomposition HaO ^ -
soibs Vs vol AsH3 Decomp by cone acu N
Absorbed rapidly by oil of turpentine, shgh /
b> fixed oils, and not at all by alcohol, eth ,
or KOH-f-Aq (Gmehn )

Insol in KOH -f- Alcohol (Meissner )

Not more sol in alkaline solutions than a
pure H O (Berzelms )

\&H Solid Insol in H20, alcohol, eth ,
ind CS (Vv icdeihold, Pogg 118 615 )

In&o] in H2O, sol in mtthylenc icdi ,
\ylcno, 01 in cone KOH+Aq (Retgers, i

oijr 4 405 )

Arsenic hydride boron bromide, AsH3, BI 3
1 isil\ tlcconip Dccoinp by HO >-
l>i( ci iblv sol in AsPI3 01 BBij Jnsol in C
(Stock, K UM)1, 34 949)

Arsenic ^iodide, \s 14

D(foinj) by 11 () 01 illxilus, ( isil> M>] n

il(ohol, <th<i, chloiofonn 01 ( nbon di 1-

l>hid< ( B unlx i^,(i ind Phillip, B 14 2M )

Not Utulucl b\ (old cone If SO4 01 y

(old fuming IINOd HK 1 itt( i o\idi/(s n

u ninin^ l)((oiii}) h> ])\iulm< Sol n

ihnjz; t(<ti( inh\dnd< (1I( \\iit uid A\ i-
null C IK in S<K 1907, 91 %J )

Arsenic ti nodide, Vsl ,

Sol HI > >J pts boiling H/), ind solut m
it l)oil(d clown deposits puic Abl-j, but it ft
to (ool slo\vl3 , deposits u>st ils of Vb^Os id
\s()I

SI sol in IlCl-f \ei

Sol in POClj, PCI, ind Pliij (Wale n,
4 uioig 1900, 25 212)

ARSENIC OXIDE

55

Sol in PC1S (Beckmann, Z anorg 1906,
51 110)

Sol m SOC12, SjCl« and S02C12 (Walden,
Z anorg 1900, 25 216 )

Sol in SnCl4 (Walden, I c )

Easily sol in AsBrj (Walden, Z anorg
1902,29 374)

Sol in AsCls (Walden, Z anorg 1900,
25 214)

Sol in alcohol without decomp

Sol in ether, benzene, chloroform, and CS2

100 pts methylene iodide dissolve 17 4 pts
Asl* at 12° (Retgers, Z anorg 3 343 )

Arsenic penfaiodide, Asls

More or less sol in H20, alcohol, CHCls,
ether and CS2 (Sloan, C N 1882, 46 194 )

Arsenic caesium iodide, 2AsI3, 3CsI

Deeomp by H20, sol m cone HI+Aq
(Wheeler, Z anorg 4 451 )

Arsenic rubidium iodide, 2AsI8, 3RbI

As the corresponding Cs comp
Arsenic sulphur iodide

See Arsenic sulphoiodide
Arsenic draodide ammonia, 2AsI$, 9NH3

Insol m benzene (Bamberger and Phillip,
B 14 2643 )

AsI3, 4NH3 (Besson, C R 110 1258 )

Arsenic nitride, AsN

Easily decomp into As and N (Hugot, C
R 1904, 139 56 )

Decomp by heat (Franz Fischer, B
1910,43 1471)

Arsenic sw&oxide, As/) (?)

Insol in H20. decomp by dil acids or
NH4OH+Aq

Does not exist (Geuthei, A 240 208 )

Arsenic inoxide, As Os

" White aisenic" exists m two modifica-
tions a\.s Os, — ciy&tallmt, octahedial,
opaque, peucelancous, (tt , £As Os, — amoi-
phous, vitrc ous, "arse me glass "

The d£ the solubility of As O3

are vay < ' , the leasons being that

(1) the solubility of the two modifications is
differc nt, (2) th it the length of time necessary
to effect solution elifteifc m the two modifica-
tions, and ( 3) th it th< r< is a tendency of the
amorphous As O3 to M> ovu mt° the uybtal-
linc state dining the pioccss of solution
aAs2O3 is ilfeo not ea&ilv moistened, especially
when in i pulvoiuh nt condition, which is not
the rase with the ]9 modihoation (Winklti,
J pr (2) 31 247 )

The oldc r data u e vc ry uni eliable, but pos-
sess a certain historical interest

1 pt As2O3 is sol in 10 5 > pts (\\enzel) 1134
pts (Fischer) 11 Sb pts in M hour (Klaproth) 12 2
pts (Bucholz) 15 0 pts (Brandt Bergman) 16 0 pts
(Vogel) 24 pts (Larnethene) 40 pts (Porner) 64 pts

(Baume) 80 pts (Navier) 200 pta (Aschof and Nasse
1812) 640 pts (Eagen 1796) boiling HaO

1 pt AsiO, is sol in 7 72 pts HaO if a or 9 83 pts if
8 (Guibort) in 24 pts HaO if a or 21 pts if £ (Taylor)

Sol in 53 3 pts. HaO at 18 75° (Abl )

Sol in 30 pts H2O (Nussembrook )

After the solution in HsO at 100° has been left stand-
ing at ordinary temperatures— 0

1 pt AszOs remains dissolved m 16 pts HaO at 16
and $0 Pts H*0 at 7° (Bucholz) in 33 pts Hap at 7*
(Klaproth) in 38 45 pts HaO after 3 days 55 pts H2O
after 8 days 64 60 pts H20 after 2 3 weeks at W
(Fischer) in 33 52 pts if aAa2Os was used 55 06 pts rf
flAs Os was used (Guibort) m 38 pts if ctAszOa after 6
months 53 71 pts if pAs2O3 after 48 hours (Taylor)

When an excess of pulverized As2Oi is left to aigesr;
for several days with cold E^O— -

1 pt dissolves in 50 pts (Buchol?) m 66 pts.
(Fischer) in 80 pts at 1ST (Bergman) m80P*f if a,
and 103 pts if f (Guibort) 96 pts at 10° (SDelman)
96 pts at 35 5° (Hahnemann) 320 pts HsO at 20*
(Aschof and Nasse 1812) , ,.-.-,

HaO at 15 6° or below dissolves less than J£% As3O*
(Dalton )

To dissolve 1 pt As20s in 12 pts H*0 it is necessary
to boil an excess of As208 with HaO if 1 pt AsaOs is
boiled with 12 pts H2O considerable remains undis-
solved and even with 1 pt As20s to 50-60 pts H2O
long continued boiling is necessary to effect solution
If a clear solution saturated by long boiling witn an
excess of AszOs is poured off and evaporated con-
tinuously to K its original bulk no As2Os separates
out and the solution contains 1 pt AszOs to 6 pts HaO
(Fischer )

100 pts aqueous solution of jSAs2Oa sat at 15° con-
tain 0 96 pt As2Os and 9 68 pts when sat at 100°
(Guibort )

If 1 pt pulverized As20a be digested 10 days at 19-25°
in 5-10 pts HaO the solution contains 1 pt AsaOs to 50
pts HaO A solution of same strength is obtained in
25 days by digesting 1 pt As208 in 40 pts HaO If 1
pt As20s be immersed in 80 pts H2O the resulting
solution contains 1 pt AsaOs to 90 pts ^ ^
160 pts H O 1 pt AsaOs to 180 pts H
pts HaO 1 pt As20s to 280 pts HaO if
HaO 1 pt AsaOs to 1200 pts HaO and ev
pt AsaOa is digested at ordinary temper
several days with 16 000-100 000 pts HaO a portion
remains undissolved Pulverized ctAsaO *was set aside

AsaOa was undissolved when 1 pt AsaOs m do pis
H O 0 35% AsaOs was undissolved so that the solution
contained 1 pt As 0 3 to 54 pts H20 (Gmelm )

Porcelaneous modification (aAs Os) is much more sol
m H 0 than the vitreous (jSAsaOs) 100 pts HaO at
ordinary temperature dissolve 0 96 pt BAsaOs and 1 25
pts a \saOa 100 pts boiling HaO dissolve 968 pts
j8\s O3 and 11 47 pts ctAsaOa and when the tempera
tme of this solution has fallen to 15° the solution from
/3 ^ssOs rctiins 1 78 pts inrl that from aAsaOs retains
2 9 pts (Berzelms [citing Guibort] )

jSAs 03 dissolv(S moic quickly ind abun-
dantly than a\s2O3 I he same imount H O
whith will tike up 36-38 pts £As O3 at 12-
13° will dissolve onlv 12-14 ])ts aAs Oj, or
100 pts H O dissolve 4 pts j3As O3 and
1 2-1 ^ pts aAs O3 By long boiling with
HO, a\sO3 is converted into £As2(),, ind
thus icqiurcs tlu solubility of the lattoi, so
that 100 pts boiling ILO c in take up 11 pts
YsOi But at low temperature ^Vs2O^ is
convuted into a\s O3 when m eontict with
H^O, so that the solution becomes we aker
ifter a while, mel re tains e>ulv the pioportion
of \s,Oa coiresponding to the solubility of
a\S2O^ Comminution \vluch hastens the
rate of solubility of a \s O , without men asmg
the amount dissolvul diiiunishcs the solubil-
ity of /3\s O3, is tins is ( nnve rteel into a \s O,

56

ARSENIC OXIDE

by the friction or contact with H2O As2Qs,
which has been rendered opaque by NH4OH,
and that which has been crystallized from an
aqueous solution, are equally sol m H2O
(Bussy, C It 24 774, A 64 286 )

100 pts H20 dissolve 1 707 pts 0As2Os in
214 years, 100 pts boiling H20 dissolve 11 4=6
pts jSAs208 in 3 hours, and 11 86 pts in 12
hours, 10 14 pts aAso<J3 in 3 hours, and 10 18
pts in 12 hours (Rose, Ann Phys (1) 36
494)

A cold sat solution which stood over excess
•of As20s for 10 months at 10-20° contains
12% AsaOs, hot sat solution a few days after
saturation contains 225-250% As208 If
trace of HC1 is present, the solution contains
38% As2O8 Hot sat solution of porcelain
mod of As20s contains 4 days after satura-
tion 2 4% As208 at 24°, after 82 days at 14°,
1 5%, after 4 months at 12°, 1 3% As208
(Bacaloglo, J pr 83 111 )

According to later experiments, 1 pt aAs2O8
dissolves in 355 pts H20 in 1 day at 15°,
while 1 pt j3As203 dissolves in 108 pts H2O
under the same conditions 1 pt aAs2Os dis-
solves in 46 pts H20, if solution is prepared
at 100°, and allowed to stand 24 hours at 15°,
while 1 pt £As208 dissolves in 30 pts H3O
under the same conditions (Buchner, N
Rep Pharm 22 265)

100 pts H2O dissolve pts a4.s2O8 and 0\s2O3
at ordinary temperature

Ratios

to

Pts

to

Pts

aznts <

/3As2Os

jSAsOs

solved

80° 1£

80°

1 0195

18 5°

0 5422

1 88

1 3664

0 7203

1 89

1 1933

0 6522

1 84

Time

aAs Os

/3ls03

Cone of HCl+Aq

Grams of As Os per 10(
of solution

1 hour

0 023

1 589

3 hours

0 OSS

2 356

0 46N

1 52

6 hours

0 354

3 666

0 98N

1 41

12 hours

0 364

3 361

2 03N

1 17

24 hours

0 956

o 306

3 13N

1 11

2 days

1 627

2 b29

3 SIN

1 13

4 days

1 814

2 429

5 32N

2 20

1 week

1 (>73

1 7b^

6 50N

5 11

3 weeks

1 776

1 713

7 S5N

12 2S

2J4 years

1 712

1 707

9 17N

IS 1(>

In the solution of jS^ssOs, octahedialcij<s-
tals were deposited on the sides of the vessel
after 12 hours, \vhich continued to mciease
There was no such deposit in the case of
«As2O3

From the maxima in the above table, 100
pts H 0 can dissohe 3 7 pts /3-Vs>O3 and 1 7
pts aAs2O3 at ordinal y tcrnpei \tui<

100 pts boiling H C) dissolve 11 4b pts
j3As203 and 10 140 pts a Vs 03 m :> houis,

11 86 pts £As203 and 10 17b pts a Vs O m

12 hours (01 Wmkloi, J pi (2)31 247)
100 pts H2O dissolve* 1 7o pts of a thud

modification (hexagonal ci>&talhne) at or-
dinary temperature, and 2 7j pts it 100°
(Claudet, Chem Soc (2) 6 179 )

j3As208 dissolves more lapidly m HCl+Aq
than aAs2O8 (Schultz-Sellac, B 4 109 )

While 100 com H20 dissolve 08507
£As2Os at 185°, 100 com H2O contair
13195 g HC1 dissolve 11513 g /3As2
containing 6 09 g HC1, 12724 g Ms
(Chodounsky, Listv Chemicke", 13 114 )

100 com H2O dissolve 1 495 g As20a
15° (Wood, Chem Soc 1908. 93 412 )
Solubility of crystalline AsoOs m H2O
1 1 of the sat solution contains at
2° 15° 25° 39 8° bpt

12 006 16 566 20 384 29 302 60 +g A?
(Bruner, Z anorg 1903, 37 456 )

Much more easily sol in many acids ti
in H20 Easily sol in fuming H2S
(Schultz-Sellac )

100 pts dilute H2S04-f-Aq of various
strengths dissolve at t°

(Chodounsky, I c )

Decomp by HN03 or aqua regia into As
Sol in H P04+Aq (Bergman )
More sol in HCl+Aq than in H2S04,
HNOs+Aq, and still less in HC2H3O +A
Solubility in HCl+Aq

A.S the concentiation of the aeid iruica
the solubility of the oxide dtci oases, i m
rnum being reached when the eonecntrat
of the solvent is about 3 2N Beyond t
point, an increase in the conecntiatum of
solvent leads to a coiicspoiidmg meicise
the solubility (Wood, Che in Soc 1008,

(Budmu, / ph 3
(B<

Insol m liquid CO
Ch 1906, 54 674 )

basily bol m cold II C Oj+Aq
man )

When pulveii/ed, it dibbolvcb ui hot II C '4
+Aq, but sepaiates out on cooling

Easily sol in hot benzoic acid+Aq

Sol in tartanc acid+Aq

Easily sol in alkali hydrates, or caibona s

ARSENIC OXIDE

57

Easily sol in NH4 arsemte-fAq at 70-80°,
crystallizing out on cooling (Berzehus )
Sol m hot JK2C2O4+Aq
Sol inAsCls (Penney and Wallace )
More sol m Na2B4O7-f Aq than in H20
Very si sol in absolute alcohol (Vogel)

Sol in 80 pts highly rectified spirit (Wenzel )
When 1 pt powdered AssOj is digested 30 days in
10-40 pts alcohol a solution is formed containing 1 pt
AsaOs to 60 pts alcohol when 1 pt AsaOs is digested
with 60-150 pts alcohol a solution is formed containing
1 pt AsaOs to 124-140 pts alcohol (Fischer )
Sol in 70-80 pts alcohol (Thompson.)

Alcohol dissolves 0 446 pt |8As208 (Hose,

Arsenic Znoxide pentoxide, 3AsoO3, 2As O&

-h3H20

Decomp byH2O ( Joly, C R 100 1221)
2As«03, As Os+H O Decomp b> HoO
(Joly)

So08, AsJDsH-HsjO (Joly )

Arsenic feiroxide, As204

SI sol in H O from which it is partially
pptd by alcohol More easily sol in alkali
carbonates or HCl-j-Aq Most easily sol in
NaOH or KOH+Aq (Heibst, Dissert
1894)

A Phys (1) 52 455 )

Arsenic pentoxide, As20s

100 pts

alcohol dissolve pts, As

203

Dehquescent m moist air, slowly sol in
H20, forming H3As04, which see Easly sol
in alcohol, much more sol in alcohol than
As2Os Very si sol m the fatty oils, 100 pts
of oil dissolving 0 2 pt As205 in the cold, and

Vol % of
alcohol

ctAssOs at
15°

aAsaOa at
b pt of
alcohol

3As2Os at
15°

56

1 680

4 895

0 504

1 pt with partial decomp on boiling (Ber-

79

84
86
S8

1 430
0 715

4 551
3 197

0 540
0 565

0 717

zehus )
1000 pts boiling poppy-oil dissolve 27 pts
As2O6, 1000 pts boiling castor-oil dissolve 34
pts As2O6 (Heunpel and Grundner )

100

0 025

3 402

1 060

+4H20 Solubility in HoO at t°

(Girardm, J Pharm (3) 46

269)

t°

Pts HsAs04
inlOO pts

t°

Pts HsAsCU
m 100 pts

100 pts

absolute al cohol dissolx e 0 446 nt

solution

solution

j8\soO3m

2J<£ years

(Wmkler, J pr (2) 31

—55°

69 9

—5°

80 0

347)

—50

70 9

0

81 0

Nearly

msol in ethei

— 45

71 9

+5

82 1

100 pts ether dissolve 0454

pt pAs^Oj

— iO

72 Q

10

S3 3

(\\mkler

)

—35

73 9

15

84 7

Ether

e\ti acts 1

mg As 03

from sat

—30

74 9

20

86 3

A.S2Q3-f\q for every 15 cc ether used, less
is extracted \\hen the solution is acidified

—25
20

75 9
76 9

25
30

88 0
90 1

with HC1, uid almost none if acidified with

— 15

77 9

35

92 8

H SO4 or

H C406 (Selmi, B 13

206)

— 10

78 9

a^ssjOa ifc> sol in 50 pts boiling mtrobenzol
j8\s2O3 is msol in boiling mtrobenzol (Auer-
bach, Z = 1^03, 37 353)

(Menzies and Potter, J Am Chem hoc 1912,

in oil ot tui pen tine, but

34 1404 )

aAs O3 is msol therein a As O3 is very si
sol in benzene or pcti oleum ethci, but moie
sol m methyl iloohol, (thvl ilcohol, ethei,

+5/8H O Solubility m H O at t°

t°

Pts HaAsOnn 100 pts

01 chlorofoim (Sclmi )

100 pts Os^ disbolvc 0 001 pt £As2Os in
2K yeais (\\ mklu )

+ 10°

SS
SO

t

81 sol

in the t itty

oils

i

S9

.

1000 pts c islor-oil dissolve 1 Hpts Afe/3,
at oiduuiy tc mp< ratine, and 9 pts at boiling
tempciituu 1000 pts other oils dissolve

40

r>0
j f\

90
01
01

5
2

0 b-0 8 pt Vs O, m tin ( old, and ibout 1 7

Ot)
7(\

» i
0,2

,

pts on boiling ( Hcr/< has )
Iiibol in climolmc or inihnc

(Hoffmann,

< U

80

03
0*

2

s

A ch O)
Model

9 1U, K>9 )
itclv bol in cliuiohn

(Beckmann

100

i in

04
Or)

t
o

and Gibcl, / uioig

1006,51 230)

1 L\)
I ^A

Insol in icctonc

(Naumann,

B 1904,37

00

}

4329) , (Lidiu inn, C C 1899, 11 1014 )
bol in amvl alcohol and is divided between

140

00

s

it and H20 in the constant ratio of 1 5 47
at 25° (Aucrbach, Z anorg 1903, 37 376 )

(Menzies and Pottei,J Am Chem boc 1912,

Mm Arsenohte

O"X JLtW* )

58

AKSENIC OXIDE

Aso06+4H2O and 3As2O5-f-5H2O are the
only hydrates that can be isolated (Menzies
and Potter )

See also Arsenic Acid

Arsenic Jnoxide, with alkali haloid
See Arsemte, alkali haloid

Arsenic sulphur inoxide, As203, S03

Deliquescent, decomp by H2O (Adie,

Chem Soc 65 157 )

As203, 2S03 As above (Adie. )
As203, 3SO3 CWeber, B 19 3186)
As208, 4SO8 As above (Adie )
As208, 6SO3 (Weber )
As2O8, SSOs As above (Adie )

Arsenic oxychlonde, etc
See Arsenyl chlonde, etc

Arsenic phosphide, AsP

Decomp by H2O Not attacked by cold
H«>S04 or HC1, and only si sol therein on
warming Easily decomp by HN08, KOH,
NaOH, BaO2H2+Aq Insol in alcohol,
ether, chloroform, si sol in CS2

P2As302 Product of action of H2O on
above compound, which it resembles (Jan-
owsky, B 6 216)

Arsenic mowoselemde, As2Se

Insol in most organic and inorganic sol-
vents Sol very slowly in cone HC1 and
H2S04 Sol in boiling alkali hydroxides -J-Aq
(Szarvasy,B 1897,30 1245)

Arsenic Znselemde, 4.s2S3

Partially sol in KOH+Aq if boiled with it
for a long time (Uehmann, A 116 123 )

Arsenic pentaselewde, As Se5

Insol in most solvents, as cone HC1 Sol
in alkali hydrates and sulpho-hydrates+Aq
(Szarvasy, B 1S95, 28 2655-2656 )

Insol in H O, in dil acids and in cone HC1
SI sol in waim HNO3+Aq Oxidized by
cold fuming HNOs Sol in alkalies and in
hot alkali carbonates + \q Insol in alcohol,
ether, CS , oto (Ch ver Z inorg 1895, 10
129)

Arsenic selenosulphide

See Arsenic sulphoselenide
Arsenic sulphide, \s3S

Ppt Insol in NH4OH or in coloilobs
(NH4) R+Aq Sol in yellow NII4SH+Aq
(Scott, Chem Soo 1<)00, 77 052 )

Arsenic ^sulphide, As S

Mm Realgar Difficult 1> sol in ilLah
sulphides -|- A. q Pirlly dissolved by KOH+
\q ttith decomposition Sol at 150° in i
sealed tube in NaHCO3-f Aq, and cryst ilh^es
out on cooling (Stnarmont \ ch (3) 32
15S)

Arsenic tfnsulphide, As2S3

Insol m H20 when prepared in the dry wa
but when prepared moist is very liable to
into the colloidal modification mention
below Insol in H2O containing H2S
HNO8, HC1, H2C204, HC2H302, HaC^C
CO2, NH4C1, KN03, (NH4)2S04, MgSC
(Bontigny )

Insol in H20 Traces are dissolved t
H2S-fAq SI decomp by boihng with H2'
or long contact with cold H20 (Fresemus

1 1 H20 dissolves 2 1 x 1Q-6 mols ppt
As2S3 at 18° (Weigel, Z phys Ch 1907, fi
294)

Insol in dil acids Insol in cold, at
scarcely attacked by hot cone HCl-fAq

Easily decomp by HN03 or aqua regia

Easily sol in cold KOH, NaOH, or NH40
+Aq, also in alkali carbonates, or sulphates
Aq

Sol in hot KHSOs+Aq

Sol in citnc acid, and alkali citrates + A
(Spiller )

Slowly sol m cold 2% Na2B407+A
Easily sol on heating (Materne, C C 190
II 557)

Insol in CS2

Mm Orpiment

As2S3 may also be obtained m a colloid
form, sol in H20 Sat solution contai
34 46% As2S3, it is decomp by standing, bi
may be boiled without ro er 2 decoi
position, most acids and many salts ppt Asgi
(Schulze, J pr (2) 26 431 )

The following solutions cause pptn
As2S3 in a solution of the colloidal modific
tion, when added in the given state of dil
tion —

HCl+Aq 1 555

HNOs+Aq 1 27(>

H2SO4+Aq 1 255

H2S03+\q 1 HS

H2C204+\q 1 05

H3P04-Mq 1 2(>

HCH3O -f \q 10 IS

K &O4+Aq 1 7<>

NaS04+\q 1 12<)

(lNH4) &O4+Aq 1 ]SS

CaSO4+4q 1 27SO

NiSO4+Aq

Vl(S04)8-fVq

lhSO4+\q

KCl+Aq

l\Br+Aq

KI+Aq

IiI-fAq

1 1 ,

10,

NH4Cl+\q

CaCl +Aq
MgCl +Aq

1

1 55

1 127

1 212

1 207

4370
10000

ARSENIC ACID

59

FeCl3+Aq 1 50000

AlCl3+Aq 1 83000

CrCls+Aq 1 20000

KNO8-f-Aq 1 84

NaNOa+Aq 1 117

NH4NO3+Aq 1 138

Ba(N03)2+Aq 1 2080

KClOs+Aq 1 88

CaH2(COs)2-l-Aq 1 3120

K2G2H4O6+Aq 1 85

K2C204+Aq 1 81

NaC2H3O2+Aq 1 78

TJrea+Aq 1 25

(NH4)2Fe(SO4) +Aq 1 1160

K2Al2(SO4)4+Aq 1 50000

K2Fe2(SO4)4+Aq 1 55500

K2Cr2(SO4)4-fAq 1 25000

K4Fe(CN)6+Aq 1 67

K8Fe(CN)6+Aq 1 81

Cold cone solutions of bone, arsemous, tar-
tarac, benzoic, and salicylic acids, also cane
sugar, 01 chloral hydrate cause no pptn Ab-
solute alcohol and glycerine may also be
mixed with the solutions without causing
pptn (Schulze, J pr (2) 25 442 )

+6H2O, decomp completely into As2S3
under a pressure of 6000 to 7000 atmos
(Spring, Z anorg 1895, 10 186 )

Arsenic pentasulphide, As S6

Insol in HO Sol in NH4OH, KOH,
NaOH+Aq, and solutions of alkali sulphides
and carbonates Sol in BaO H2, and Ca02H2

Sol in citnc acid, and alkali citrates +Aq
(Spiller )

Alcohol dissolves out S on boiling (Ber-
zelms )

Sol in alkali ai senates +Aq (Nilson, J
pr (2) 14 155 )

+H20 (Nilson, I c )

Arsenic tfnsulphide, with M S
See Sulpharsemtes, M

Arsenic penfasulphide, unth M S
/Sec Sulpharsenates, M

Arsenic sulphobromide, Asb Bi j = VbSBi -f

SHi

D(C(»np by HO (Hinniy, Chun Soc
33 2S4 )

Arsenic sulphochlonde, As S Cl

Slo\vly (luoinp by boiling HO feol in hot
AsCl 5 without <1< «nnp (Ouvind, C 11 116
151(> )

AsS C 1 ])«()in]) b> HO bol in
NH4()II, ind ilk ill ( uboiufc<s-f Aq (Ouv-
i iid )

WS Cl Slowly duomp by boiling II ()
Sol in ilkali < uboiutcs ind in NH4OH+Aq
(Ouvi ud, C K IV) i, 116 1517)

Arsenic sulphoiodide, AsSl

Insol in ihohol, chloioforni 01 caibon di-
sulphidc (Schncidd,J pi (2)23 4SG )

lormulj. is piob ibly As Sd, AsI3

Slowly attacked by HCl+Aq, somewhat
more easily by HNO3+Aq Easily sol in
KOH, or NH4OH+Aq (Schneider, J pr (2)
34 505)

2AsI3, SI0 Decomp on air (Schneider,
J pr (2) 36 509 )

As4S5l2 Less sol in CS2 than AsI3 (Ouv-
rard, C R 117 107 )

AsoSI4 (Ouvrard )

See also Arsenyl sulphoiodide

Arsenic sulphoselemde, As2SeS2

Easily sol in cold NH4SH+Aq Nearly
completely sol in (NH4)2CO8+Aq (v Ge-
nchten, B 7 29 )

As2SSe2 More difficultly sol than the pre-
ceding comp inNH4SH+Aq (v Genchten )
As2Se2Ss Sp gr =6402 at ca 750°
Insol in most solvents Easily sol in al-
kali hydroxides and sulphides +Aq (Szar-
vasy, B 1895, 28 2661 )
As Se8S2 Sp gr =11 35 at 550-600°
Insol in most solvents Easily sol in
alkali hydroxides and sulphides 4- Aq (Szar-
vasy, B 1895, 28 2659 )

Arsenic telltinde, As2Te2

Sol in HNOS and HN08 -f-ECl-f Aq (Op-
penheim, J pr 71 266 )

As2Te3 As above (Oppenhenn )

Arsenic acid, anhydrous, As2Os
See Arsenic pentoxide

Afefoarsemc acid, HAsOs

Slowly sol m cold, quite easily sol ir 1 "•*•
H20, with considerable evolution of 1
and conversion into HsAs04 (Kopp, A
(3) 48 196 )

Ori/ioarsemc acid, H3As04
Sol m H2O, with absoiption of heat
1 pt \s Ofi dissolves m 0405 pt HoO at

12 5°, or 100 pts H O dissolve 244 81 pts

4sO5at 125° (Vogcl)
Sol mOSpt HO (Ih6nard)
bol m 6 pts cold H O, and moic quukly m

2 pts hot H O (Buchol/ )

100 ptb HO it 1550° dissolve 150 pts

AsO6 (Uic'bDict)

H3As04+Aq sat it 15° (ontuns 15%

Sp KI of HjAfa04+Aq it 15° a=sp ^
(/( is Ab O 6 = sp ^;i if % is HiAs()4

(c

a

b

%

a

b

r)

10

lr)

20
3r)
W
1)
40

1 042
1 OS5
1 1>4
1 1S7
1 2~Ir>
1 Wb
1 378
1 453

1 0^7
1 ()()90
1 !()()]
1 1457
1 1SS2
1 2^42
1 2S40
1 3*S2

45
50
5r>
b()
()r>
70
7r)

1 «54()
1 bi5
1 742

1 3<)73
1 4617
1 5320
1 bOSb
1 (>f)10
1 7827

(Schiif, \ 113 IS*, calculxkdby Gcihch,
Z anal 27 303)

60

ARSENIC \.CID

fep gr of H8As04-h4.qatl5° a=sp gi if %
is As205, & = sp gr if % is H8As04

less sol in HC2H8O^+Aq The nei ral al-
kaline-earth arsenates are less sol m H4OH

4-Aq than in H^O, but more sol m Is [4C1+

°0

a

b

%

a

b

Aq (Field) The alkali arsenates art sol in

I

1 008

1 006

47

1 564

1 412

hot glycerine (Lefevie, C R 108 ] 58 )

2

1 016

1 013

48

1 582

1 425

Aluminum arsenate, Al2(As04)o

3

4
5
b

1 023
1 031
1 039
1 048

1 019
1 026
1 032
1 039

49
50
51
52

1 601
1 620
1 642
1 663

1 437
1 450
1 464

1 478

Ppt Insol in H2O> difficultly sol i acids
(Coloiiano, C R 103 273 )
Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1 )4. 37
4328 )

7
8
9

1 057
1 065
1 074

1 046
1 052
1 059

53
54
55

1 685
1 706

1 728

1 49i
1 505
1 519

2Alo03, 3As2O6 Nearly unattac d by
boiling fibO. sol in dil acids (Left re, A
oh (ft} 27 ^ ">

10

1 083

1 066

56

1 752

1 534

v/Il \^JJ ~ • *J )

11

1 092
1 102

1 073
1 081

57
58

1 777
1 801

1 549
1 564

Aluminum, potassium arsenate, 2A120 3K20,

1 3

1 111

1 088

59

1 825

1 579

° 2 6

14

1 121

1 096

60

1 850

1 594

(Lefevre )

15
Ib

1 130
1 140

1 103
1 111

61
62

1 880
1 910

1 6lQ

Aluminum sodium arsenate, 2A1203, N"a20,

17

1 150

1 119

63

1 940

1 643

3\s O0

18

1 160

1 126

64

1 970

1 659

(Lefevre )

19
20

1 170
1 180

1 134
1 142

65
66

2 000
2 030

1 675
1 693

Ammonium arsenate, (NH4)sAsO4+3 20

21

1 191

1 150

67

2 ObO

1 Tig

Difficultly sol in H>O Less sol L H20

22

1 203

1 158

68

2 090

1 73Q

than (NH4)2HAs04 (Mitscheilich )

23

1 214

1 167

69

2 120

1 74Q

Insol m liquid NH3 (Fianklm, ^ i Ch

24

1 226

1 175

70

2 150

1 7by

J 1898,20 826)

25

1 237

1 1S3

71

1 78s

2b

1 249

1 102

72

1 809

Ammonium hydrogen arsenate,

27

1 2M

1 201

73

1 8*0

(NH4) H4.s04

2S
20

1 274
1 2SO

1 210
1 210

74

1 S73

Ffflortbces, giving ofT MI, mou ol m
HO thin (NHOsVsOi (Sdktn\sk\ I pi

30

1 208

1 228

70

1 S07

104 120 )

31

1 512

1 23S

77

1 02 1

Insol in icttone ( I1 ulm inn, C ( 1899,

32

1 325

1 21S

7S

I 94()

II 1014)

3]

1 J30

1 257

70

1 070

34

1 352

1 2b7

SO

1 005

Ammonium efoliydrogen arsenate,

i">

1 if>(>

1 277

si

2 020

NHJl \.b()i

3J>

1 3SI

1 2SS

S2

2 <M->

\<>t (iPt)it s« nt \ < n sol in II ( )

>7

. 30b

1 200

S3

M)

40

111

1 WO
1 320

Si

2 00 5

Ammomum barium arsenate, MI»I3i s(J4-f
i n n

10

ill

1 3U

Sb

1 Ut»

2 I 1 \ '

n

J )S

1 U2

S7

2 17S

Sol h\ 10 <li\s «>nt it t in 1 »OI p{ 11 (),

12

17 >

1 3r>»

SS

2 207

in IS,S^2p1s of i nn\<un of 1 pt M Oll-f-

102

SO

2 2 if,

\<1 ind \ ptM II <> in 227 pts ol i Intion

41

500

1 ^7(>

00

' 2b~

of 1 pt NHi< 1 in 10 pts 11 0 ind 21(>0

1 >s"

J 20 \

pts of L solution ot 1 pt NIIjC 1 in 0 pts

U>

>1 )

1 100

MIiOH 1 \<i ind (»() pts JIO (] lc\ir,

\ < h 1S02, n>j 27 1 i )

( Kop >, t lit ul it< (1 bs ( *< il it Ii, / in il 27

(\IIi) HJ«H ( W>t) I illtmsu nt Insol

•; K) I

in II () ( isil\ sol in dil 1I\O | \q ( H ui-

SM a/s0 Arsenic p« Dioxide

ni tnn, \K h IMi um 36 >(> )

/ v?oarsemc acid, HiAs 07

\<i\ d< li(|ii< s< (ni ( isih sol in II O \Mlli
< \olution of nuuh lu it uul (on\(i^ioii into
Hj\s<>,

Arsenates

Xis<nit<s ot th< ilk »h IIM t ils in<l unl
usi ti itt s of tin ilk dim -c uth nit t ils ut sol
in HO Nditnl ind h isif irst n it< s in
c tsiU sol in mint ill it i<ls including Us W>i

Ammomum calcium arsenate, M 1 1( i sOi-f-

i II <)

1000 pts pun II O disM>l\« 020 this

tit , 1000 pts M14(.1+ \q (tout uiimi )0pts

slliCl) dissol\( 1 lr> pts this silt ( 0 ptb

JO + lOOpts NIIiOII isp KI -OS ); dib-

sol\<001pt this silt (I n Id, ( In in >( 11

Soluhh bv l()d i>s' ront K tin21(>7 } H^O

t ir, in *S1 pts MIiCi+\(l d 7), m

ARSENATE TELLURATE, AMMONIUM

61

43478 pts NH4OH-|-Aq (1 3). in 10570 pts
NH4Cl+NH4OH-}-Aq(l 10 60) (Lefevre,
A ch 1892, (6) 27 13 )

+6H2O Sol in hot, very si sol in cold
H20, si sol in NH4C1, and NH4OH+Aq
(Wach.Schw J 12 285)

+7H2O (Bloxam, C N 54 163 )

(NH4)2CaH2(AsO4)2 Efflorescent Insol
in H 0, easily sol m dil HN08+Aq (Bau-
mann, Arch Pharm 36 36 )

(NH4)Ca3H2(As04)8+3H20

(NH4)Ca6H6(As04)6+3H O (Bloxam, C
N 64 163)

Ammonium glucinum arsenate, NH4GlAs04

More stable than the corresponding potas-
sium salt (Bleyer, Z anorg 1912, 75 291 )

Ammonium, iron (f e.mc) dihydrogen arsenate,
, FeAs04

HydiolyzedbyH20
Sol in cold con<

. cone HC1, hot HN08, hot dil
H2SO4, and m hot arsenic acid+Aq contain-
ing 75% arsenic pentoxide

Sol in hot cone NH4OH-|-Aq Completely
hydrolyzed by caustic alkalies

Insol in cone NH4Cl+Aq and in 50%
acetic acid (Curtman, J Am Chem Soc
1910,32 628)

Ammonium

esium arsenate,

SI sol in H2O Sol in acids

Anhydrous salt is sol in 2784 pts H2O at
15°, m 15,904 pts NH4OH+Aq (1 3) (0 9b
sp gr ), m 1386 pts NH4Cl+Aq (1 70), in
8867 pts NH4Cl+Aq (1 7), in 3014 pts
NH4C1 (1 pt)+NH4OH (096 sp gr ) (10
pts )+Aq (60 pts ), m 32,827 pts magnesia
mixture (Fresemus, Z anal 3 206 )

Anhydrous salt is sol m 4389 pts NH4N08
+Aq (1 50), m 25615 pts KCl+Aq (1
165) , in 1422 pts ammomacal solution of 3 5
g tartaric acid m 250 cc H20, in 933 5 pts
ammomacal solution of 2 5 g citnc acid m
250 cc H20 (Puller, Z anal 10 62 )

Sol in 2656 pts H2O at 15°, m 15,038 pts
NH4OH+Aq (1 3) (0 96 sp gr ) , m 844 pts
NH4CH-Aq(l 7), m 1315 pts NH4Cl+Aq
(1 70), m 2871 pts NH4C1 (1 pt ) +NH4OH
(0 96 sp gr ) (10 pts )H-Aq (60 pts ) (Fre-
semus )

1000 pts pure H2O dissolve 0 14 pt salt,
1000 pts NH4Cl+Aq (containing 100 pts
NH4C1) dissolve 0 95 pt salt, 900 pts H20
+100 pts NH4OH (sp gr 0880) dissolve
0 07 pt salt (Field, Chem Soc 11 6 )

+6H20 SI efflorescent SI sol in H20
Very si sol m NH4OH+Aq

Solubility of NH4Mg\s04+6HoO in H20 and NH4 salts +Aq
Grams salt dissolved in 100 g solvent

t°

H20

5%

NH*NO3+Aq

5%
NHiCl+Aq

NH40H _,
Ipt NH40H +
Aq (096) +4 pts
HaO

4/o JNJ14UJ1-)-
Aq+5%
NEUCl+Aq

4% Nn4v,
Aq +10%
NH4CH-AQ

0°
20
30
40
50
60
70
80

0 03388
0 02066

0 02746
0 02261
0 02103
0 01564
0 02364

0 09216
0 11358
0 11758
0 13936
0 18945
0 21115
0 18880
0 18945

0 08397
0 12284
0 11264
0 19016
0 18889
0 21952
0 22092
0 23144

0 00874
0 00958

0 01173
0 01005
0 00902
0 00949
0 00912

0 01331
0 04691

0 03165
0 05353

(Wenger, Dissert 1911 )

Ammonium manganous arsenate,

NH4Mn\s04+bH2O

N(dily insol in (old H/), easily sol in dil
icidb, nibol in ihohol (Otto, J pr 2 414)

Ammonium sodium arsenate, NH4N iHAs(>4

+4HO

Sol in HO (Udsniann, Zut f gcs IN it
23 347 )

Ammonium sodium hydrogen arsenate,

(NH4)3N i,,Hf(Afc>()4)4+bH2O
Sol mHO (Inlhol und Sdiddens, C K
94 649 )

Ammonium strontium arsenate, NH4hi As()4

feol by 10 days' contact m 3229 pts HO,
m 11,586 pt& dil NH4OH+Aq, m 199 pts

of a mixtme of 1 pt NH4C1 in 7 pts H O,
and m 1519 pts of i solution of 1 pt NH4C1
in 10 pts NH4OH+Aq and b() pts H O
(1 cfevie, A r h 1802, (b) 27 13 )

Ammonium uranyl arsenate, NH4(UO2) \s04

Insol in H O, HC H,() , ind bilmc solu-
tions as NH4Cl-fAq sol in minor il acidfe
(Pullc r, Z m«J 10 72 )

Ammonium vanadium arsenate,

NH4(VO,)2As04, and (NH4)2HAsO4 +
2(VO ) H As04
£>< c Arseniovanadate, ammonium

Ammonium arsenate tellurate
bee Arsemotellurate, ammonium

62

ARSENATE, ANTIMONY

Antimony arsenate (?)

Insol in H20 , insol in acids after ignition,
but when fresh is sol in cone boiling HCl-f-
Aq, and si sol in HN03+Aq (Dumas )

Barium arsenate, Ba3(As04)2

1000 pts pure H2O dissolve 055 pt
Baa(As04)2; 1000 pts NH4Cl-f Aq (containing
50 pts NH4C1) dissolve 1 95 pts Ba3(As04)2)
900 pts HoO+lOOpts NH4OH+Aq(sp gr
=0 88) dissolve 0 03 pt Ba3(As04)2 (Field,
Chem Soc 11 6)

Sol in cold HNO3, and HCl+Aq (Berze-
hus), H2C4H4O<j, and HC2H3Oo-j-Aq (An-
thon)

Solubility in H20 is not increased by pres-
ence of NH4, Na, or K salts (Laugier )

Not pptd in presence of Na citrate
(Spiller )

-HMH20 (Salkowsk}, J pi 104 129)

Barium hydrogen arsenate, BaHAs04-f
IJiH 0

Very si sol in H2O, but decomp thereby
into lWAs04)2 and BaH4(AsO4) (Berze-
hus )

bi sol in cold at ids

+H2O SI sol m uthei BaCh+Aq 01
NaHAs04-Mq (Maumene, J B 1864
2*7)

Barium fcirahydrogen arsenate, B iH4
+2HO

hwihsol in HO (ScttcibdR, Bci/ I B
26 2M>)

Difhc tilth sol in httlo, butdtcomp b\ much
If () Eusih sol m HOl-f- ^q tess eisilj in
IK H3() + \q (Hormmn, Dissut, 1879 )

Barium arsenate, acid, B i<> J \s ( > +411 ()
\ t r\ si sol in HO i Mitsdu ih< h )

Barium p//roarsenate, B t \s O

Insol in HO but <l«ninp thmb\ mlo
Bill \sOt f H 0 tl i ft MI ( H 108 10 >S )

Barium potassium arsenate, !' ik \s( ),

Sl (htolilp 1>\ «»1<1 HO 1 l|>i(ll\ sol 111

(111 Kids i I ( f< \n \ ( h M>J 27 1 )

Barium sodium arsenate, Bi\i\s<),4

«)H 0
(Joh, ( K lss7 104 170J )

Barium arsenate chloride, >

Insol in II O sol in

(I i(h utiu ( h 65 17J ;

» ,' \s()t; P K 1
dil H\0 f \q

Bismuth arsenate, basic, Hi W), iBi O
Insol in II O Sol in initu i il KK!S

(( i\ i//i (rt// (h it 14 JS<» )

>Bi O, J\s O +SH O Mm Khuqit

I isih sol in HCI+Vq si sol in H\(» -f

Bismuth arsenate, BiAsO4+J^H20
Insol m H2O Insol m HNO -Aq in

presence of HsAs04, or alkali arsena s-f Aq,

sol m HCH-Aq (Salkowsky, J .r 104.

129)
Not wholly insol m ID )s-f Aq

(Schneider, J pr (2) 20 418 )
Very sol in H8As04+Aq (Dum )
Insol m Bi(N08)3-fAq (Dumas
Sol in Bi(NO8)a+Aa (Salkowst )
Insol in cone Bi(NO3)8-hAq con unmg a

small quantity of HNO3 (Schneide )

Bismuth copper arsenate, Bi

08+Aq
, which

405 )
owsky )

Mm M^xlte Decomp by dil H
into insol BiAs04, ana Cu3(AsO4
goes into solution (Dana )

Bismuth uranyl arsenate, Bi2(AsO<

8BiO8H3, (XJ02)8(AsO4)2
Mm Walpurgite

Cadmium arsenate, Cd8(As04)2
•t (Salkowsky, T pr 104 129

2CdO, As2Os (I ef&vre, C R 11
5CdO, 2As206-(-5H O Ppt (Sa

Cadmium p^/roarsenate, Cd As^O?
(de Schulten )

Cadmium hydrogen arsenate, C< IAsO4-f*

HO

DC comp by HO (D< me 1, li 12 1279 )

CdH4( \s()4) +2HO D(comp > oxctsa

of HO (do Schultcn, Bull hoc ( 1 47* )

Cadmium potassium arsenate, 2( O. K/>,

Vs()
(I cfcMc C R 110 4<r> )

Cadmium sodium arsenate, ( <I< J\tOy
AsO

»Slo\\ h sol in dil uids (I<f( < C^ It
110 10 >)

2( (10, 1\ i O, Us O (I <(<\i<

Cadmium arsenate bromide, >(
( dlii

Sol in \(i\ <hl H\<>i f \<j (d(
Hull Soc ( ,) 1 \72 )

Cadmium arsenate chloride, »(

( (1C 1
Sol in \< t\ dil H V )( ( \(j (<1< < hiilt< ii t

Caesium arsenate, ( s O J \s O | 1O

I'pt (1 pin inn / moij, 1(H() >6 J}(> \

Calcium arsenate, ( i,(\s(),) | il )

Ppt Insol in II O sol in II, s()4 f- V<|

( Kots< houlx \, I pt 49 1SJ )

Calcium p//roarsenate, C i \s O

Mo\\l\ dccoinp b> cold II O mt< iHAs< >4
+ 1!2H O (I cfcvn ;

i \s()t)
( luiltc n

ABSENATE, BASIC, CUPRIC

63

Calcium hydrogen arsenate, CaHAs04+

Insol in H20 (Debray, A ch (3) 61 419 )

H-HaO Mm Haid&ngente Easily sol in
acids

+2J^H20 Mm Pharmacohte Easil} sol
in acids

+3H20 Insol in H,0, sol in HC1, HN08,

S?T^I?4rf Aq^ST?m (NH^2S04, NH4N08,
NH4C2H302, and NH4Cl+Aq (Raff )

Calcium tetfrahydrogen arsenate,
CaH4(As04)2

Sol in H20 (Graham )

+HoO SI sol in H20 Decomp by
much hot H20 into H3As04 and Ca3(As04)2
(Hermann, Dissert 1879 )

Calcium iron (feme) arsenate, 6CaO. 4Fe208,

5As206+15H2O (?)
Mm Arsenwsidente Sol in acids

Calcium magnesium arsenate, Ca6H2(As04)4,
Mg5H,(As04)4+10H20

Mm Picropharmacohte Easily sol in
acids

Ca8(As04)2, Mg3(As04)2 Sol m HNO8-f
Aq (Kuhn )

Mm B&rzehite Sol m HN03+Aq

Ca8Mg6Hi4(As04)i4+49H20 Mm Wap-
plerite

Calcium potassium arsenate, CaKAs04

(Lefevre, \ ch (6) 27 5 )
Calcium sodium arsenate, CaNaAs04

(Lefevre, \ ch (6) 27 1 )

4CaO, 2Na O, 3As O0 Not attacked by
boiling HO, easily sol in dil acids (Le-
fevi e )

Calcium uranyl arsenate, CafUO )2(As04)2-f-

SHO
M in Ui anospimte

Calcium vanadium arsenate, CaHAs04,

2(VO )H \sO4+8HO
*S« Arsemovanadate, calcium

Calcium arsenate chloride, Cdj(AsO4) , CaCl2
Insol in II O, sol m dil HN03+Aq

(I((huti<i C H 65 172)

Ki-,(\s<),), CiCh Vs ibovc (Lc-

< \\ utui )

Cerous arsenate, CtHAsOi

Insol in II () hoi in irsoruc icid-f-Aq
(H( i/thus j

Cenc hydrogen arsenate, C((HAb()4)

<>H O

l*pt Insol in Hj() uid dil dcidb (B u
1m 11, B !<)!(), 43 >21b )

Cenc ^hydrogen arsenate, Cc(HAs04)44-

4H O
Sol in cone HNO» (Barbien I c)

Chromic arsenate, 2Cr208, 3Aso06
Insol m H20 and cone boiling acids (Le-
A ch (6) 27 5 )

Chromic potassium arsenate, 2Cr208, 3K20,

(Letevre )

Chromic sodium arsenate, 2Cr203, 3Na«0,
3As2Ofi

(Lefevre )
Cobaltous arsenate, basic, 4CoO, As205

Easily sol m acids (Gentele. J B 1851
359)

Go(CoOH)As04 Insol m H20, difficultly
sol in acids (Colonano )

Cobaltous arsenate, Co8(As04)a+8H>0

Ppt Insol even in boiling HoO, easily
sol in HN08, HC1, and NH4OH-f-Aq, sol in
HsAs04H-Aq (Proust), sol in dil FeS04+Aq
(Karsten, Pogg 60 266)

Mm CobaU bloom, Eryihnte Easily sol in
acids

5CoO, 2As205+3H20 Insol in H20, dif-
ficultly sol m acids CColonano, C R 103
273)

2CoO, As20fi SI attacked bv boiling H20,
easily sol in dil acids (Lefdvre )

Cobaltous hydrogen arsenafp OnH f A «O "i

Sol in

Cobaltous potassium arsenate, uoi\As
(Lefevre )

Cobaltous sodium arsenate, CoNaAsO4
(Lefevre )
4CoO, 2Na20, 3As Ofi (Lefevre )

Cobaltous vanadium arsenate,

Co(V02)2H (As04)2+8H20
See Arsemovanadate, cobaltous

Cobaltous arsenate ammonia, Co3(As04) ,

NH3+7HO

(Duciu, A ch 1901, (7) 22 185 )
Co3(As04) , 2NH3+6H O (Duciu, I c )
Co3(As04)2, 3NHg+5H8O (Duciu, / c )

Cuprous arsenate, 2Cu O, Ab O5
(Hirupc, Ditiseit 1874)

4Cu O, As 05 (Hampo, I c )

Cuprous ;>yr0arsenate, Cu4\s OT

Ppt Sol in NH4OH or KOH + Aq
(lleichud, B 1V)S, 31 2l()(>)

Cupnc arsenate, basic, SdiO, As ()5 +
12HO

Mm Chalcophylhte 1 isih st)l in uula
and NH4OH+Aq

6CuO, As06+3H() Mm Aphanenle,
Clwclasite bol in acids and ammonia

5CuO, As20B+2H O Mm Erimte Sol
mHNOj+Aq

64

ARSENATE, CUPBIC

-f5H20 Mm Cornwalkte Sol m acids,
and NH4OH-hAq

H-9HoO Mm Ttrobte

4CuO, As208-hH2O Insol in H20 (De-
bray, A ch (3) 61 423 )

Mm Ohvemte Sol in acids, and NH4OH
-f-Aq, decomp by hot KOH+Aq

H-7H20 Mm Euchrmte Sol mHN03+
Aq

-f 4^H2O (Hirsch, C C 1891, I 15 )

Cupnc arsenate, Cu3(As04)2

Insol m HoO Easily sol in HCl-f Aq, si
sol in other acids, sol in NH4OH+Aq
(Colonano, C R 103 273 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)

Insol in hquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898,20 827)

+4H2O Decomp byhotH20 (Debray)

•f 5H2O Mm Tnchafate Easily sol in
cold HCl+Aq

Cupnc arsenate, acid, 5CuO, 2As2O6

Sol mH2SO3+Aq (Vogel )

+3H2O (Salkowsky )

+8, 9H, and 12}^H 0 (Hirsch )

CuHAsO4+H2O Insol in H2O (Color-
lano )

-f 1J<^H2O Insol in H2O (Debray, A
ch (3) 61 419 )

SCuO, 3As O6-f-12H20 (Hirsch )

Cupnc lead arsenate, 3CuO, PbO, As2064-

2H2O

Mm Bayldonite Neailyinsol mHNO3+
Aq

Cupnc potassium arsenate, CuKAsO*

Slowly sol in NH4OH-f\q, easily sol in
icidb (Lefevro, A ch (6) 27 5 )

SCuO, K O, \s OB Easily sol in dil acids
( Lef evrc )

Cupnc sodium arsenate, CuNTa\sO4
(lefevre )
*Cu(), NaO, 2As2O5 Very sol m dil

acids (I ofevn )

2Cu (\s()4) , NaH
(Hiisch, C C 1891,1 15)

Ppt

Ppt

NaH4sO4-hllH O Ppt

Hi > H O, or IbH.O Ppt (Husch )

3Cu3(^
(Hirsch )

4CW-
(Hirsch

Cupnc uranyl arsenate, Cu(UO2)

8HO

(A\erthcr, ^ 68 312)
Mm Zeunente

Cupnc vanadium arsenate,

Cu(VO ) H (As04)2+ 3H O
S< c Arsemovanadate, cupnc

Cupnc arsenate ammonia, ( i8(As04)2,

3NH8+4H20 V '

Insol m cold or hot H20 (Da our, J pr
37 485 )

2CuO, As20fi, 4NHS+3H20 I comp by
H20 (Schiff,A 123 42)

Cupnc arsenate calcium carbon e, SCuO,

As206, CaC08+4H20, or 9H >

Mm Tyrokte Easily sol m cids, and
NH4OH+Aq

Cupnc arsenate sodium chloride, 2' i3(As04)2,

''

Decomp by hot H2O (Hirs , Dissert

1891 )

3Cu8(AsQ4)2,

-r-i/^aiiju (Hirsch, i c )
5Cus(As04)2, 3NaCl-f23H20 dirsch )

Didymium arsenate, Di2H8(As04

Ppt Insol m H2O, si sol m eak acids
(Mangnac, A ch (3) 38 164 )

5Di2(As04)2, As2O5+3H20 P

Glucinum arsenate, Gl3(As04)o

Insol in H20, sol m H3As04- Vq (Ber-
zehus)

Glucinum hydrogen arsenate, Gl A.s04

Obtained in impure state by h< ting As20»

with G1(OH)2 in a sealed tul at 220°
(Bleyer, Z anorg 1912, 75 287 )

Glucinum tefrahydrogen arsenat

GlH4(As04)2

Very hydroscopic (Bleyer, Z aorg 1912,
76 287)

Glucinum potassium arsenate KGlAs04,

J4G10+5H 0

Unstable Amorphous Easilj Lydrolyzed,
giving more basic salts (Bley( Z anorg
1912, 75 289 )

Glucinum^ sodium arsenate, NTaGlAs04,

Unstable Fasily hydroly/e (Bleyer,
Z anorg 1912, 75 200 )

Iron (ferrous) arsenate,

3(As04) +

6H20

Ppt SI bol in NH4OH-f A Insol m
(NH4)»AB04+Aq 01 other NH salts-hAq

(Wittstem )

-J-8H/) Mm hymplesite

in HCl-h

Aq

Iron (ferric) arsenate, basic, 10 c O3, As205

+24H.O

Insol mNH4OH-fAq (Bei tins)

2f e O3, As 06+12H20 Inso in NH4OH

3Fe203, 2As20^

3Fe2(As04)2, Fe206Hfi+12H > Mm
Pharmacosid&nte Easily sol m acids,
decomp by KOH+Aq

ARSENATE, MAGNESIUM POTASSIUM HYDROGEN

65

Iron (feme) arsenate, Fe208, As20&
Ppt Insol inBjjO Decomp byhotB20
Sol in HC1, E2S04 and HN08 (Metzke,

Z anorg 1898, 19 473 )
+4H2O Mm Scorodtie Easily sol m

ECl+Aq, insol in EN03+Aq

+8H20 Insol in E20 When freshly

pptd , sol m NH4OE+Aq Sol m EC1, or

ENOs+Aq Insol in EC2H802, or NE4

salts+Aq (Wittstem )
Sol in warm E S03+Aq or (NH4)2SOs-f

Aq (Berthier, A ch (3) 7 79 )

Iron (feme) arsenate, acid, Fe203,3As205

+16 7E20

Ppt , si sol in acids with a yellow color, and
m NH4OE+Aq with a red color (Metzke,
Z anorg 1898, 19 476 )

2FeoO3, 3AssO5+12E20 Insol in EjsO or
EC2H3O2+Aq

Sol in mineral acids

Sol only in cone E3As04+Aq

Sol in (NE4)8As04, and other NE4 salts
-f Aq (Wittstem )

Sol inNH4OH+Aq

+22J^B20 Ppt SI sol m acids with
a yellow color, and in NE4OH+Aq with a red
color (Metzke, Z anorg 1898, 19 475 )

Iron (ferrofemc) arsenate, 6FeO, 3Fe03,

4As205+32H20

Insol inH20 Sol m ECl+Aq Decomp
by KOH+Aq (Wittstem, J B 1866 243 )

Iron (feme) lead arsenate, 5Fe2(As04)2,

Pb8(AsO4)2

Mm Carmine Spar Cawmmte Sol in
acids, KOH+Aq dissolves out As206 (Sand-
berger )

Iron (feme) potassium arsenate, 2Fe203
3K2O, 3As205

Not attacked by boiling E 0, easily sol in
dil acids (Lefevre )

Fe C3, K2O, 2As206 (Lefevre )

Iron (feme) sodium arsenate, Fe208, Na20,

(Lefevre )

2FeoO3, 3Na20, 3As206 (Lefevie )

Lanthanum arsenate, La2H3(As04)3
(Fierichs and Smith )
Doubtful (Cleve, B 11 910 )

Lead arsenate, basic, 15PbO,2As->05 (?)

Ppt (Stiomholm 2 anorg 1904,38 446)
Lead arsenate, Pb3(As04)2

Insol in H20, NH4OH, or NH4 salts +Aq
(Wittstem )

Sol in 2703 5 pts HC2E302+Aq contain-
ing 3894% HC2H302 (Bertrand, Momt
Scient (3) 10 477 )

Sol in sat NaCl+Aq (Becqueiel, C R
20 1523 )

Not pptd in presence of Na citrate
Sprite )
l^ead p^roarsenate, Pb^^O?

Insol m H2O or HCsH802+Aq Sol in
ECI, or HNOs+Aq (Rose )

Decomp by cold HoO (Lefevre)

+HsO=PbEAs04 Ppt (Salkowsky, J
pr 104 109)
Lead potassium arsenate, PbKAs04

(Lefevre, A ch (6) 27 5 )

Lead sodium arsenate, PbNaAsO*

(Lefevre) rt „ .

4PbO, 2Na20, 3As205 Superficially de-
comp bycoldH20 (Lefevre)
Lead arsenate chloride, 3Pbs(AsO4)2, PbCl2

Sol in dil ENO3+Aq (Lechartier )

Mm Mvm&Me Sol in HNO8, and KOH+
Aq
Lithium arsenate, Li3As04

Ppt Sol in dil acids and in HCaHj02+
Aq (de Schulten, Bull Soe (3) 1 479 )

LiH2AsC4+3/2H20 Decomp byH2Omto
EaAsO4 and LisAs04 (Rammelsberg, Pogg
128 311 )
Magnesium arsenate, Mg3(As04)2

Ppt _

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B

1909, 42 3790 ) ^ ^

+7EoO, +8H2O, +10H20, and +22H20
(Gruhl, Dissert 1897 )

+8H20 Mm Hdrnesite Insol m H2O,
easily sol in acids

Magnesium hydrogen arsenate, MgHAsO4

+ JiH20 Insol in H2O (de Schulten, C
R 100 263)

+5HoO (Schiefer )

+6^H20 Insol inB20 1000 pts boiling
H 0 dissolve 1 5 pts (Thompson )

Sol in ENO3+4.q before ignition, but
insol in acids after ignition (Graham, A 29
29 )

+7H 0 Mm Roesstente Sol in HC1+

Magnesium feZrahydrogen arsenate,

MgE4(\s04),
Very deliquescent, sol m H2O (Schiefer )

Magnesium potassium arsenate, MgKAsO4

Insol in, but decomp by cold E20 (Rose )
Easily sol in dil acids (Lefevre )
+7E20 (Kmkehn, Dissert, 1893 )
4MgO, 2K20, 3\s05 Not attacked by
boiling H20, slowly sol in dil acids (Le-
fevre )

Magnesium potassium hydrogen arsenate,

Decomp b> B 0 (Kinkelm, D ssert
1883)

66

ARSENATE, MAGNESIUM POTASSIUM SODIUM

Mg,KHa(As04)«-h5H20 (Chevron and
Droixhe, J B 1888, 523 )

Magnesium

sodium arsenate,

(Kinkelm, Dissert 1883 )
Magnesium sodium arsenate, MgNaAs04

Insol in H4O Very si sol in dil acids
(Lefevre) T ^ .

4MgO, 2NasO, 3As2Oi (Lefevre )

Magnesium vanadium arsenate,
MgH»(V02)i(As04)2-I-9H2Q and
MgHAs04, 2(V08)HaAs04+9H20
See Arsemovanadate, magnesium

Magnesium arsenate chloride, Mg3(As04)2,

MgCli

Insol m HA sol in dil H\O3-}-Aq
(Lechartier, C R 65 172 )

Magnesium arsenate fluoride, Mg8(As04)2,

MgF,

Insol in HjO, sol in dil HN03+Aq
(Lechartier )

Manganous arsenate, basic, 6MnO, As 05+

3E20 (?)

Mm Chondroarsemte Easily and com-
pletely sol in dil HC1, and HN03+-Vq

Manganous arsenate, Mn3

Insol mH20, si sol in acids (Colonano,
C R 103 273 )

5MnO, 2<Vs05-foH2O Insol in H 0
(Colonano )

2MnO, As206 SI decomp b> cold H2O,
but rapidly on heating (Lefevre )

MnHAs04+H20 Decomp b> boiling
HO into 5MnO, 2\s05+5HO Sol in
HN03, H S04, or H3

Manganous iefrahydrogen arsenate,

MnH4(\s04)
Dehquescent Eabilj sol in H 0 (Schief er )

Manganous potassium arsenate, MnK\s04
(Lefevre, \ ch (6) 27 5 )

Manganous sodium arsenate, MnNa\sC>4
\er> sol m dil acid& (Lefevie )
2MnO, 4Na2O, 3\s^O5 Not attacked bv

boiling H20, ver> sol in dil acids (Lefevre )

Manganous arsenate chloride, Mn8(As04) ,

MnCl

Insol in H2O, sol m dil H\03-Kq
(Lechartier, A 58 259 )

Manganic arsenate, Mno(\s04)2+2H 0

Insol m H20, sol in acidb
Mercurous arsenate, (Hg2)3(A.s04)2

Insol m H20, difficultly sol in acids
(Colonano, C R 103 273 ) Ppt (Haack,
C C 1890, II 736 )

Hg (As08)2 Insol in H20, HC2H302, ,
alcohol Decomp bycoldHGl+Aq SI sc
m cold HNOs+Aq, from which it is precii
tated by NH4OH as Hg2HAsO4 (Simo
Pogg 41 424 )

Mercurous hydrogen arsenate, Hg2HAs04
Insol in H20, EC2H802, or NH4OH+A
Decomp by cold HCl-j-Aq, sol in cold HN ,
+Aq without decomp, very si sol withe b
decomp mNH4N03+Aq (Simon, Pogg ^
424)

Mercuric arsenate, Hgs(AsO4)2

Ppt Sol mH8As04orHN03-f-Aq (Be -

man ) Very si sol in H2O Easily sol i

HCl+Aq SI sol inHN03+Aq Insol a

H3As04+Aq (Haack, C C 1890, II 73 )

Mercurous silver arsenate, Hg2AgAs04

Sol in hot cone HN03 (Jacobsen, B 1
Soc 1909, (4) 5 948 )

Mercurous arsenate nitrate, Hg3 AsO 4, Hg J ),

Insol in H20 or HC2H302, sol m HNO f
Aq (Simon, Pogg 41 424 )
3Hg3As04,2Hg]Sr03,2Hg20 Ppt (Haa )

Molybdenum arsenate

Ppt
Nickel arsenate, basic, 5NiO, As<>0fi

Mm - (Bergemann )

Ni(NiOH)As04 Difficultly attacked DJ
acids 01 alkahes (Colonano, Bull Soc 2)
45 241 )

5NiO, 2A.s2O6+3H20 As above

Nickel arsenate, Ni3(As04)2

Mm - (Bergemann )

+xH 0 Insol in H2O Sol m H3^ )4,
and cone mineral acids Easily so] in
NH4OH+Aq

-t-2HoO Insol in HoO, difficultly sc in
acids (Colonano, Bull Soc 45 241 )

-J-8H 0 Mm Nickel-bloom, knnabe ite
Easily sol in acids

NiHAsO4+H2O Sol mH20 Dime tlj
attacked by acids (Colonano, C R 03
274)

Nickel potassium arsenate, 12NiO, 3 oO
5As06

(Lefevre )

2NiO, K20, As205 Rapidly sol 11 dil
acids (Lefevre )

Nickel sodium arsenate, NiNaAsO4
Very slowly sol in dil acids (Lefev )
4NiO, 2Na 0, 3As 05 (Lefevre )

Nickel arsenate ammonia,

Ni3(As04)2,NH8+7H20

Ni3(AsO4)2,2NH3+6H2O

Ni3(As04)2,3NH3+5H O (Ducru, I
1900, 131 703 )

ARSENATE,SODILM

Palladium arsenate (?)

Ppt
Platinum arsenate (?)

Ppt Sol mHNOa+Aq
Potassium arsenate, KsAs04
Po^M^n* VerysolmH2° (Graham,

iSrSr Soft71 acetate (Vaumann' B

Potassium hydrogen arsenate, K2HAs04
Sol mH2O

Potassium ^"hydrogen arsenate, KH2As04

Sol in 5 3 pts H20 at 6°, forming a solu-
tion of sp gr 1 1134 Much more sol m hot
H20 Insol in alcohol

Sol in 26 666 pts boiling cone alcohol (Wenzel)

67

in

m

)
not 80

of -Va

ea«h

Sol in H O

K3Na3H6(As04)4+9H 0 Sol m HS0, and
not easily decomp thereby into its constitu-
ents (Filhol and Senderens, C R 95 343 )

Potassium strontium arsenate, KSrAsO*
(Lefevre, C R 108 1058 )

Potassium vanadium arsenate, K(\Q )2ls04
+2MH O

See Arsemovanadate, potassium
Potassium zinc arsenate, KZnAs04

(Lefevre )

Potassium arsenate sulphate

See Arsemosulphate, potassium
Rhodium arsenate (?)

Ppt

Rubidium ?/ietaarsenate, Rb \s03

Sol in H O (Bouchonnet, C R 1907
L44 o42 )

lubidium arsenate, Rbs W)4+2H 0

Veiy Irvdioscopic, sol m H 0 to gi\e an
ilkalme solution Absorbs CO from the ur
Bouchonnet, I c )

iubidium p2/roarsenate, Rb4\s 0
(Bouchonnet, I c )

iubidium hydrogen arsenate, Rb H\s04+
+H 0

Absoibs CO from the air \ er> h\dro-
copic, sol m H 0 Insol m alcohol (Bou-
honnet, I c )

'ubidmm ^"hydrogen arsenate, RbH 4s04
Not hydroscopic Verj sol m HO. aq

Dlution is acid to litmus (Bouchonnet, I c )

ilver arsenate, Ag3As04
Insol in HoO Sol m acids, easily sol

iH3As04+Aq (Joly, C R 103 1071)

Silver hydr^en arsenate,
**'

Ag.H \80

f0
J B

of

208 )

H y " ««

111 m lHurt«g and Geuther, A

Silver arsenate ammoma, \g,AsO, 4NH,
(2) aAf m H ° 'Wldmann' Bull Soc

Silver arsenate sulphate, 3 4gO \s04 s03

,, separation of

decomp ^ dil HsQ4J-\q c-et-
terberg, Berz J B 26 2W i

Sodium arsenate, NdoisO.-rUH O

Permanent indn air Sol m 3 57 pts H O
at lo o (Graham ) 100 pts H O at 15 5=
difcohc 28 pts \a \sO-l2HO Ber-

S^H O^ ° ^ P H° at 1T or 10°
pts rlU at

u-
llisb < Vhiff, \ 113 „()

Melts m cr\~tal H O at s5

gr of \a ^0 — \q lt 1~
c~c=cc\£i 1-0 -12HO

c c

Sp gr ,

- , -P ( - ,p ,

. j

1

1 00o3

Q

1 04uo f' i-

1 O*4

2
3

4
o

1 0107 i
1 Olbl
1 021o
1 0270

10
11
12
lo

1 0>47

1 (JbiM
1 071«>

i IS

' 20
> i

1 KJtb
1 lObl
1 1121

1 117M

(5

1 0325

14

1 0">

»

1 1 "* "iS

/

1 0380

ID

1 Os 30

8

1 0435

Ib

•

of oda
alcohol (V» enzel i

di

+4i, H o Hill ch.i
-rlOH t) 1 tj ,, l(Ilt

Hill

mil 8 2so

i pi

51 '

70

ARSENIOARSENIC ACID

Arsemoarsenic acid, 3As203, 2As205 +
3H2O

Decomp by H*O (Joly, C R 100 1221 )

3As2O3, As206+H20 Decomp by H20
(Joly )

As20s, AsoO6-hH2O Decomp by H2O
(Joly )

See also Arsenic inoxide pentoxide

Arsemochromic acid

Ammonium arsemocliromate, 2(NH4)2O,
As^Og, 4CrOs-{-H20

Insol in H20 (Fnedheim and Mozkm,
Z anorg 1894,6 280)

3(NH4)2O, As206, 8Cr03 Decomp by
recryst from H2O (Fnedheim and Mozkm,
Z anorg 1894, 6 281 )

Potassium arsemochromate, 2K2O, As2O6,
4CrO3

Decomp by recryst from H 0 (Fnedheim
and Mozkm, Z anorg 1894, 6 275 )

2K20, As206 4Cr03+H/) Decomp by
recryst from H2O (Fnedheim and Moz-
km, I c )

Arsemomolybdic acid, As205, 6MoO3-l-

10H20
Bv recryst fromH Othecomp \\ith 1SH O

is formed (Pufihl, Disswt 1888 )
-H6H O feol m H O (Dcbi 13 )
4-18H O Completth «5ol mHO Sp gi

of sat solution it IS S° is 221 EisiK sol in

ibs alcohol Insol in CS , hq Irydrcu irbons

and CIIC 1* fPufihl, Jc)

B 7

\sO,, ISMoOi+^H O \u\sol in HO
Sp gr of sit solution it IS r=J 4 ) ind 1 ((
f out uns 2 1<> K lud I isil\ snl in il)s »liit(
dcohol msol HI (S liquid h\<ho< uhons
ind CIIC 1, (Put ihl, It )

Sol in (did \\ith suhsiqmnt s<{>iMtion
into t\so liuis Sf< Phosphotuu^slK u id
(Diuhsd H 20 11 >J )

-4- >SH () I IHon s<( u< \\ hi n n i i\si
«)inp \\ith JSII ( ) is ionn«l (Puldil l( )

\s() JOMoO fJTHO si sol mllV
H \ij (I)(l)i i\ ( H 78 1 H)s )

Ammonium arsemomolybdate, (\IIi)<),
\s o JMoO { II o

1 1 n< <lh( mi / moij, !S(»t 6 Js )

-f 1H <> (I imlln iiu /r )

(Mi,) (> \s O (»Mo()1 f-JH O sj M)l
111 «>ld II O sol in i< ids i I)( i>i »\ j

h41I<) Si sol in ( old \» i\ < isil\ sol in
hot II O (Pufd.l /r )

JfMh) O \s (> ()Mo() i (>II 0 si sol
in HO ( innot 1>< K < i\st tin i< lioni
(Pufihl )

+ UH O (I iKdluun, / tnoi« 1VM 6

JK nn, I c )

Vs() , <)MoO,+4H O

+8H2O (Fnedheim, I c )

(NH4)2p 2H20 7Mo03, As206+4H
Sol in hot H2O (Seyberth, B 7 391 )

Not obtained (Pufahl )

7(NH4)2O, 2As,06, 14Mo03+28H20
(Fnedheim, Z c )

5(NH4),O, As206, 16Mo03+5H20 (Fn
heim, Z anorg 1894, 6 31 )

5(NH4)2O, As20fi, 16Mo03+9H20 Nee
insol in cold, sol in boiling HoO Easily
mNH4OH+Aq (Gibbs, Am Ch J 3 4(

+ 12H2O (Pufahl, Zc)

2(NH4)2O, As20fi, 18Mo03+17B

(Pufahl, Z c )

3 (NH4) 2O, As206,18Mo03 + 14H20 V
sol in H2O and alcohol (Kehrmann,
anorg 1894, 7 421 )

3(NH4)2O, As20fi, 20Mo03 Easily sol
H2O (Debray, C R 78 1408 )

3(NH4)2O, As^Oe, 24Mo08+12H20
composed by H20, especially when boil
Easily sol m NH4OH+Aq, less easily so]
warm H2S04 and boiling H3As04+Aq
sol m molybdic acid+Aq, HN03, and c<
NH4N03+Aq (Pufahl, Zc)

Barmm arsemomolybdate, BaO, AS^OB
6MoO3+10H20

SI sol in H20 Partially decomp by I
ing (Pufahl, Zc)

3BaO, As2O5, 6Mo03 SI sol in I
(Pufahl, Zc)

SBaO, As Ofl, 7MoO3 Ppt (feeybert

3BaO, As Go, lSMoO3 Decomp by I
(Pufahl, Z c )

Cadmium arsemomolybdate, CdO, 21

y
1

(Pufihl)

^CdO, iTIO, Vs()f, 181^0014-03]
(Pul ihl )

Caesium arsemomolybdate, Cs (), A

si sol in II O (Pui ihl, U )
1( s O, \s O , 2<>AIo(),-f 1511 O
(I phi inn, / moik PHO, 65 2 lit )

Calcium arsemomolybdate, ( i( ), \
()MoO,-f 1011 O

H ithci <hiluulil\ sol nuold II O (Pu
lc )

>( i() \s O ()Mo(), \s P i s il(
idd /r )

K i<>, \s O ls\IoO{-HJH O \d>
m II () Solution si( it IS0 his sp ,
2 1<>{ (Pui ihl lc )

Cobalt arsemomolybdate, ( o<) 211 O A
()Mo(),-f 1111 O

i Pui thl )

K <><), ill O \s O , lSMo<),-J ^
(Pui ihl )

Cupnc arsemomolybdate, ( u() ^H O A

t»Mo<), + l >II O (Put ihl )
<C u(), UI O, \s<) , 18Mo(){+34
(Pufihl )

il-
0

)
0

0,

0
) ,

>,

hi,
»u-
ol

f>,
O

Or,
O

ARSENIOSULPHATE, POTASSIUM

71

Lithium arsemolnolybdate, Li20, As2O6,

6MoO3H-14H20
Very sol in H2O (Puf ahl, I c )
3Li2O, As206, 18Mo08-h34EUO Solution

sat at 15° has sp gr of 2 481 (Pufahl, I c )

Magnesium arsemomolybdate, MgO, As2O5j
6MoO8+13H20

Very sol in H2O (Pufahl, I c )
3MgO, As206, 18MoO3+36H20 Sol in
H2O (Pufahl, I c )

Manganese arsemomolybdate, MnO, 2H20.
As2O5, 6MoO3+llH20

(Pufahl)

3MnO, 3H2O, As206, 18Mo08+33H20
(Pufahl )

Nickel arsemomolybdate, NiO. 2H20, As2O6,
6MoOs+HH20

(Pufahl )

3NiO, 3H2O, As206, 18Mo03+34H20
(Pufahl )

Potassium arsemomolybdate, K20, As2O6,
2MoO3+5H2O

Sol in H20 (Friedhemi, Z anorg 2 314 )

K2O, As205, 6Mo08+5H20 Sol in hot
H2O without decomp (Fnedheim, Z anorg
1892, 2 330 )

K2O, As205, 18Mo03+25H20 Easily sol
in cold H2O Decomp on dilution (Pufahl,
Zc)

3K2O, As/)6, 18MoO3+26H,0 Easily
sol m H2O (Pufahl, I c )

3K2O, As205, 20MoO3 Insol in H20
(Debray, C R 78 1408 )

3K2O, As 06, 24Mo03+12H20 Somewhat
sol in H2O icichfied with HNO3 (Pufahl,
Ic)

Rubidium arsemomolybdate, 3Rb>O, 3As O6,
O

1 xsily sol in HO (Lphraim, Z inoig
1910, 65 241 )

Rb O, Ab O , dMoO, SI sol m H20
(Puf Oil, Ic)

4Kb O, AsOs, lSMoO3+40HO Pptd
(I«phi inn, Z inoi^, 1()1(), 65 241-4 )

Silver arsemomolybdate, JA&O, Vs O ,
(>Mo(),+a;H O

(Pufihl, l(ip/iK 1888)

<>VK(), As(), lSMo()3+22lI O SI sol
in II O V(iy sol in NH4()H ind m (hi
HNO, (Pulihl, Ic)

7\gO J\s(), {()Mo(),+ iOH() SI &ol
in «>ld, ( isily sol in hot It O sliongly
fiul with 1IN(){ rPulihl, Ic)

Sodium arsemomolybdate,
O

\s O ,

2, 2

inoi«

NiO, As(), bMoOi + UH/) Vciy sol
in H2O Solution s it it 19 8° his sp gi =
1 678 (Pncdheim, Ic)

3Na2O, As206, 6Mo08+llH20,+12H2O,
and -f 13H2O SI sol m cold H20 (Pufahl,
Ic)

3Na2O, As20fi, 18Mo03-f24H20 Easily
sol in H20 f Pufahl, I c )

+30H O SI sol in cold H20 (Pufahl,
Ic)

Strontium arsemomolybdate, SrO, As20s*
6Mo08+10H20

As Ba salt (Pufahl, I c )

3SrO, As205, 6Mo08 As Ba salt (Pu-
fahl, I c )

3SrO, As20fi, 18MoO3+32H20 Very sol
m H20 (Pufahl, I c )

Thallium arsemomolybdate, 6T12O, As206;

18Mo08+o;H20
Ppt (Pufahl )
3T120, 3H20, As206, 18Mo08+3H20 Ppt

(Pufahl )

Zinc arsemomolybdate, ZnO, 2H2O, As20s,
6Mo08+llH20

(Pufahl )

3ZnO, As206, 18Mo08+37H20 Very sol
in H20 (Pufahl )

Arsemophosphovanadicotungstic acid

Ammonium arsemophosphovanadicotune-
state
69V

Sol in
(Rogers, J * ^ ^ ^^^ ^.^w^, *.«

Arsemophosphovanadicovanadiotungstic
acid

Ammonium arsemopaospliovanadicovanadio-
tungstate, 99(NH4)20, 2As206, 12P205,
6V2O3, 66V,05, 191W03+522H2O
fol sol in cold H20 (Rogers, J Am Chem

Soc 1903,25 314)

Arsemophosphovanadiotungsfcc acid

Ammonium arsemophosphovanadiotungstate,
S20SH4) 0, 3AsO5, 12P205, 52V208,
201WO,+5b7HO

Vtiy sol in \v u in HO Insol in organic
solvents (Rogub, J Am Chem Soc 1903,

25 m)
Arsemosulphunc acid

Ammonium arsemosulphate, 2(NH4)2O,

\s Or, 2SO3-HHO

Cinlx u(iyst fioinllO (Fiiodhcim and
Mo/km, / uioiR 1S()4, 6 200)

Potassium arsemosulphate, 2K2O, As 06,
O

ind Mo/kin, Z anoig 1894, 6
280)

5K O, AsO, SR03+()ll2O (Fnedheim
ind Mo/km, Z inoig 1S94 6 291)

72

ARSENIOSULPHATE, SODIUM

Sodium arsemosulphate, 2Na O. As206,

2SO8-}-3H20

(Friedheim and Mozkm, Z anorg 1894, 6
290)

Arsenic telluric acid

Ammonium arseniotellurate, 2(NH4)20,
As20s, TeO3+4H20

Sol in H20 (Wemland, Z anorg 1901,
28 65)

4(NH4)20, 3As2O6, 2Te03+llH2O Sol
in H2O (Wemland )

Sodium arseniotellurate,
2Te08+9H20

Ppt (Weinland Ic)

2N"a2O, As206,

Arsemotungstic aad, 3H2O, As2O6, 16WOa
+ 32H20 =H8AsW8028+16H2O (a-an-
hydroarsemoluteotungstic acid)

Sol in H20 (Kehrmann, A 246 45 )

3H20, As206, 19W08 (?) Sp gr of sat
solution m H2O is 3 279 (Fremery, B 17
296)

Is a mixture containing prmcrpaUy
H8AsW8028+16H2O (Kehrmann )

As2O5, 18WO3+3H20 Sol in H20
(Kehrmann, Z anorg 1899, 22 292 )

Aluminum ammonium arsemotungstate

See Aluminicoarsemotungstate, ammo-
nium

Ammonium arsemotungstate, 4(NH4) O,
2H20, As2O5, 6W03+3H20

SI sol in cold H20 or HNO3+4q, easily
sol in boiling BUG (Gibbs, Proc A.m Acad
16 135)

7(NH4) 0, As206, 14WO3,+17H20 Very
si sol even in boiling H O (Fremery. I c )

3(NH4)20, As205, 16W03+16H20 =
(NH4)3AsW8028+8H20 Sol in H2O
(Kehrmann )

5(NH4)20, As206, 17WO.+8H O Can be
recryst from H2O without decomp Decomp
by long boiling with HO (Kehimann, L
anorg 1899, 22 294 )

3(NH4)A As2O5, 18ttO3 + 14, OL 18H O
Very sol m cold H>O Can be icciyst horn
H O (Kehrmann, I c )

3(NH4)A AsOfi, .21 \\Os-HeHO I isib
sol in H 0 lasilv decomp on icoiyst
(Kehrmann, I c )

3(NH4) 0, A&206, 24W()< + UH O More
sol in ELO than corresponding phosphotung-
state (Kehrmann, I c )

Barium arsemotungstate, 2H iG. \s O5,
16W03+a;H20

Sol m H2O (Pechaid, 1 ch (6) 22 262 )
7BaO, AS^OB, 22^O3 + 54:HO Sol in

H20 Can be icciyst theiefrom (Jvehi-

mann, I c )

Potassium arsemotungstate, 3K20,
A ~ 6W03

Insol in H20 Readily sol in alk
droxides+Aq (Gibbs )

3K20, As206, 16W08+16H20 =K8A=
H-SHoO Sol inH2O (Kehrmann)

5K20, As20fi, 17W03+22HoO S(
sol in cold H20 (Kehrmann, Z anorg
22 295 )

3K20,As206,18W03-|-14H20 Efflor<
(Kehrmann, I c )

3K20, As2C6j 19W03+16H20 (?) ,
H20 (Fremery )

hy-

Silver arsemotungstate,

Insol in H20 (Kehrmann, A 245 55
haps identical with —

6AgA As206, 16W03+11H20 Ini
H20 (Gibbs )

Sodium arsemotungstate, 3Na20,

3W08+20H20
Very sol inH20 (Lefort, C E 92

Arsemous acid, HAs02

Solubihty of HAs02 in amyl alcohol -h

25°

aw =mol of HAs02 in 1 1 of H20
aa ^mol of HAs02 in 1 1 of amyl ale
h= partition coefficient

rcely
899,

eut
>1 in

per-
1 m

I at
tol

aw

aa

h

0 0449
0 0446
0 0887
0 0892
0 1800

0 0082
0 0083
0 0164
0 0161
0 0324

5 48
5 38
5 41
5 5*
5 55

(Auerbach, Z anorg 1903, 37

Solubility of HAsO* m sit 11^0,4- ^
amyl alcohol
aw ==mol of HAsO m 11 of II O
aa =mol ofHAsO^mll of iniyl ilc<
h = partition coefficient

and
ol

aw

aa

h

0 0859
0 1720

0 Ol()l
0 ()>2l

5 ^
5 >5

(A\K ibxch, I c )

Insol in (thyl uttitt (\iunnn
1904, 37 3601 )

See Arsenic inoxide

Arsemtes

All aisuuUs, (xc(]>t those <>i th<
metals, aie piitiallv 01 wholl> insol in
but easily bol m acids, several IK &<
(NH4)2S04, NH4NO3, or NH4C1+ Vq

All basic iisemtes aie sol in icids (
those that givq an msol salt with the 1
Many are sol in excess ot A& O3-h Vq

kih

ro,

m
ept

ARSENITE, BASIC, COBALTOUS

73

Aluminum arsemte, A12O3, As203

SI sol m boiling H2O Easily sol mNaOH
+Aq and in acids (Reichard. B 1894, 27
1029 )

Aluminum arsemte iodide, A1I3, 6As2Os+

16H20
(Gruhl, Dissert 1897 )

Ammonium arsemte, NH4As02

Very sol m H2O (Luynes, J pr 72 180 )

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014), (Naumann, B 1904,37 4328)

(NH4)8As03 (?) Sol m H20 (Staven-
hagen, J pr 1895, (2) 51 11 )

(NH4)4Aso05 Very sol in H20 Insol in
alcohol or eth^r (Stem, A 74 218 )

Could not be obtained (Stavenhagen )

Ammonium arsemte bromide, 2As20 3, NH4Br
SI sol in H2O (Kudorff, B 19 2679 )

Ammonium arsemte chloride, AsgOa, NH4C1
SI sol mH2O Sol mwarmdil NH4OH
-fAq (Rudorff )

Ammonium arsemte iodide, 2As208, NHJ

SI sol in boiling H20 Sol m warm dil
NH4OH+Aq (Rudorff)

Antimony arsemte (?)

Ppt Sol in a small amount H^O, but
insol in a Krge quantity (Berzelms )
Completely sol mROH + ^q (Reynolds)

Barium arsemte, Ba,(AsOj)2

lii isily sol in H O when lecently pptd , but
insol aftct being dued Pptd from aqueous
solution by boiling (Filhol, A 68 308 )

Only si sol in H20 (Stivenhagen, J pr
1895, (2) 51 18 )

Bi3(As(),) M sol in (old HO, sol m
hot H/) ind dil Kids (St ivc nhagi n, T pr
1S95, (2) 51 17 )

H iH4( \s( )jj Ppt ( Blox mi, Chun boc
15 JS1 )

-M4I1 () Moddildy sol in (old, rnon
< asil> bol in hot HO Insol m il( ohol
(P«ip<i, Dissdt 1894 )

Hi As 0 +2\\ 0 I' isil> sol in H2O
(St iv( nh LK< n, I ]» !S9r), (2) 51 IS)

-f-HIO Si sol in II () ilso sorruv\hit
sol in alcohol (Stdn A 74 21S )

SI sol in H, \sOi-f-Vq uul B lO Hj + Aq
(l)iun is )

Nil in MH/'H \({ (\\ uk< modd, A 41
>i<>)

Not pptd itoin solutions (untuning Ni
uti it< (Spilhi }

BaAs4(> Sol in Il() I < ss sol in il< ohol
(Hddiud, B 1S<)1, 27 11MJ)

Bismuth arsemte, BiAs03-h")H O ( 0

Easily sol in HNOj+Aq (Schneider, J
p (2) 20 419 )

SI sol in H20 (Stavenhagen, J pr 1895,
(2) 51 35 )

Cadmium arsemte, Cd3(AsOs)*

SI sol in H20, easily sol in NH4OH+Aq
and dil acids (Stavenhagen, I c )

Cd2As2O5 Ppt (Reichard, B 1898, 31
2168)

Sol in acids without decomp , insol in
alkalis (Reichard, B 1894,27 1033)

5CdO, As203+12H2O Not attacked by
KOH, Ba(OH)2 or alkali carbonates+Aq
Insol in KCN+Aq (Reichard, Ch Z 1902,
26 1145)

Caesium arsemte bromide, As2O3, CsBr
Sol in H20 (Wheeler, Z anorg 4 451 )

Caesium arsemte chloride, As2O3, CsCl
As above

Caesium arsemte iodide, As2O3, Csl
As above

Calcium arsemte, Ca(As02)2

Somewhat sol in H20, sol in Ca(OH)2-h-
Aq or AsaOs-hAq (Simon, Pog£ 47 417 )

Ca8(As08)2 Ppt (Kuhn, J B 1852 379 )

Only si sol HaO, readily sol in dil acids
(Stavenhagen, I c )

Sol in H20, insol in alcohol (Reichard,
B 1894,27 1036)

3CaO, 2As2O8+3H2O SI sol in H->0,
easily sol m NH4Cl+Aq, sol m As/) ' A ~
(Stem )

CaH^AsOa^+rcB^O Moderately &u± m
H20 Insol in abs alcohol (Perper, Dis-
sert 1894)

Ca2AsoO6 SI sol m H20, 1 pt in 3000-
4000 pts H^O Alkali chlorides increase sol-
ubility shghtlv (Stavenhagen, I c )

fel sol m H2O insol in HaO containing CaO H
(Bcrzehus )

Not pptd m presence of 4000-oOOO pts H O (Hart
mg Lossuiffno )

Not pptd from sc X Hi salts and

v K » i > \ \'l \ NHiC H3O

i 1 1 \ll < \< (LJIOHCKO and ocnwcigfecr )

Sol m NHtAsOa+Aq (SohwugjL,Gr )

Sol in CuCl +Aci (Ordwuy )

EoHiIy Hoi in dil acids Net pptd ftotn solutions
con( uminj, sodium c itrato (Spdlor )

Calcium arsemte iodide, Oil , 3A^

UII O

Si sol in II () I)<(oinp on hi
(CJruhl, Dissdt 1897)

Chromic arsemte, CiAsOj

Sol in IT O, but slowly duomp h\ boiling
(N(vill(, C N 34 220 )

Sol m J Id, i (pptd byNHiOH-fVq sol
mKOII+Aq (Rue hud, H IV)4, 27 102S )

Cobaltous arsemte basic, 7GoO, \s Oj

\<iy bol in dil, difhculll> sol in cone
HjSO* Sol in (one NdOll uid in (OIK
NH4OII+Aq (U<ichud, Z uul 1l)()i, 42
10)

74

ABSENITE, COBALTOUS

Cobaltous arsemte, 3CoO,As203

Sol KOH+Aq with decomp (Identical
with salt of Girard) (Reichard, B 1894, 27
1031 )

+4H20 SI sol in H2O, easily sol in
acids (Stavenhagen, J pr 1895, (2) 51 39)

3CoO, 2As2Os+4E:20 Sol m HNOS
(Girard, C R 1852, 34 918 )

Co3H6(AsO3)4 Insol m H2O, sol in
HN03, HC1, or NH4OH+Aq (Proust )

Only sol m KOH, or NaOH+Aq when
formed in a solution containing an excess of
those reagents (Reynoso, C R 31 68 )

Co2As2O6 Ppt (Reichard, B 1898, 31
2165)

Sol m HNOs and HCl+Aq (Proust )

Cupnc arsemte, Ou(AsO2)2

(Avery, J Am Chem Soc 1906, 28 1161 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 827 )

+H20 SI sol in H20 (Stavenhagen,
Zc)

+2H20 SI sol in H2O, msol in alcohol
(Stavenhagen, I c )

3CuO, As203 Ppt (Stavenhagen, I c )

2CuO,As203 (Scheele's green ) Insol in
H2O, sol in KOH+Aq, NH4OH+Aci, and
in most acids Formula is Cu3(As03)2+
2H20 (Sharpies, C N 35 89 )

Sol in NH4OH-t-Aq without decomp Sol
in KOH+Aq with decomp (Reichard, B
1894, 27 1026 )

Insol in pyndine (Schroeder, Dissert
1901)

5CuO, As2O3 Insol in H2O, sol m acids,
NH4OH+Aq and cone MOH+Aq (Reich-
ard, Ch Z 1902, 26 1142)

tcCuO, 2/As2O3 Mm Tnppkeite Easilv
sol m HNO3 and m HCl+Aq

Didymium arsemte, Di H3(AsOs)3

Ppt (Pierichs and Smith, A 191 355 )
Does not exist (Ckve, B 11 910 )

Glucmum arsemte iodide, Gil , 3As Q3 +

8H20
Decomp by H2O (Gruhl, Dissert 1897 )

Gold (aurous) arsemte, ->Au (), A-SjOj

DC romp by li^lit (Kcuhiul B 1S94,
27 1027)

Gold (auric) arsemte, AuAbO^ + H 0

Vuy sol in H (), NH4()H+Aq md dil
icids (St iv( nh igcn, J pi lV)r>, (2^ 61 28 )

Iron (ferrous) arsemte, I<cO,Ab <)

Docomp m the in whdi moist sol m
NH4OH-fAq \vhcn ficshly pptd (Ruchaid,
B 1894, 27 1029-40 )

JeAs()B Ppt Sol m NH4OH+Aq?
msol in NH4 arsemte, or othoi NH4 silts-f
\q (Wittstem )

Iron (feme) arsemte, basic, 4Fe203, Ai D8+
5H2O

Ppt H2O extracts As203 Sol in one
acids with separation of As203 \ceti acid
is without action (Bunsen and Bei ioldr
1834 )

Sol in KOH, or NaOH+Aq

Iron (feme) arsemte, Fe208,As203
Sol m NH4OH-f Aq when freshly

(Reichard, B 1894,27 1030)
Fe^SjA Ppt (Reichard, B 18S

2170)

+7H20 Sol in NaOH, and KOH-f
"Ferric arsemte" is si sol in A12(S

Aq (Kynaston, Dingl 236 326 )

>ptd
, 31

Lanthanum arsemte, La2H3(As03)3
Ppt (Frenchs and Smith, A 191 3
Does not exist (Cleve, B 11 910 )

Lead arsemte, Pb(As02)2+a;H2O

SI sol m H20 Insol in KOH, but
NaOH+Aq (Berzehus )

Pb2As2O6 Insol in H20, NH4OH
arsemte, or other NH4 salts +Aq
stem )

Pb3(As03)2 Scarcely sol in H2O,
sol in HN03, 01 HC2H30 +Aq I
H20 dissolves some As203 Not com]
msol in KOH+Aq (Streng, A 129 2

Sol in acetic acid, msol in H 0
presence of ammonium salts, sol m N
Aq, si sol in KOH+Aq (Reicha
1894,27 1024)

+H20 SI sol in H2O, easily sol
acids (Stavenhagen, J pr 1895, (2)

Lead arsemte chloride, PbsAs^Os, 2Pb<
Mm Ekdermte Easily sol in H\O
and warm HCl+Aq

Magnesium arsemte, Mg3(AsO3)

Insol in NH4()H+Aq, but sol in
excess of NH4Cl+Aq (Hose )

Very sol in boiling II O md in dil
Sol mNH4Cl+Aq (Ucithj-id, B IS
1032)

Vuy sol in II O md dil icids (S
hagen, I c )

M^As2O +4H O Jlv(hos(oim
sol in H2O md Kids (St ivc nh IM n

iMKO,MsO,+ mO, + 15nA m<
+ 18H20 (Pcrpcr Disscit 1894)

Magnesium arsemte iodide, M^I j \

12Ho()

Modci a-tdv sol m H O (Giuhl, 1
1897)

5 )

>1 m

NH4

\Titt-

asily
uling
etely
3 )

the
>H-f
, B

i dil
33

luge

rids

t, 27

Manganous arsemte, M

feol in H2O, mhol in ilcohol, c isil> <>
by moist air M i\ ( nh I«T( n I c )

*MnO,2Ab>O3 (Ucichard B 1S<^
1032)

()3 +
>s<it

)
Ii7( d

27

ARSENITE, SILVER

75

Mn3H2As4Oio+4H20 SI sol in H20
Very sol m acids and alkali (Stavenhagen,
lc)

Mn5As2O8 Ppt (Reichard, B 1898, 31
2165)

Mercurous arsemte, Hg20,As2O3

Decomp by light Decomp by H20
(Reichard, B 1894, 27 1022 )

HgsAsOa Only si sol in H20, sol m
dil acids (Stavenhagen, J pr 1895, (2) 51
24)

Gradually and completely decomposed by
H2O (Reichard, Ch Z 1902, 26 1143 )

Mercuric arsemte, Hg3(As03)2
SI sol in H2O (Stavenhagen, I c )
Decomp more easily by H2O than is the

mercurous comp (Reichard, Ch 2 1902,

26 1143)

2HgO,As203 !Not decomp by boiling
with H20 Undecomp by boiling acids
Decomp by KOH+Aq, K CO3+Aq and
NH4OH+Aq (Reichard, B 1894, 27 1021 )

HgsAsjjOs Ppt Decomp by boiling H20
Very si sol in H2SO4+HC1 (Reichard, B
1898, 31 2170 )

Nickel arsemte, Ni3(As03)2
Insol in H2O, easily sol in NH4OH+Aq

(Proust )

Ppt (Reichard, B 1898, 31 2165 )
3NiO,2As203 Sol m NH4OH+Aq (iden-

tical with salt of Girard) (Reichard, B 1894,

27 1031 )

+4H2O Insol m H20, sol in NH4OH +
Aq (Proust )

Sol m KOH+Aq (Giraid, C R 34
918)

2NiO, As 03 Insol m H20, sol m NH4OH
+Aq, bol in KOH+Aq (Reynoso, C R
31 OS)

Platinum arsemte,

Sol in HO ind ilcohol, voiy unst iblc
(Stive nh igc n, I c )

Potassium arsemte, KAsO

Sol m IF () si sol in il«)ho] (Pisteui,
A 68 *<)<) )

Inbol in <thyl K ( I tt( (N minimi, B
1004, 37 >(>()! )

Dots not < \ist N « 1 _ ' lc )

KjAbOj Vu> sol in 11 O, bol 111 ilcohol
(St iv( nb igc n, I c )

K4^s () +(>H O V( ry sol in II (), sol in
alcohol (St ivc nh L^( n, i c )

K As4()7+21I O Sol m H (>, si sol in
ilcohol (Pistun, A 68 ^00)

Potassium arsemte bromide, 4\s Oi? ,2KBi
More bol in H C) than iodide (Schiff ind

Sestim, \ 228 72 )
2 As <)3, KBr (Rudoiff, B 19 2b75 )

Potassium arsemte chlonde, 2As203, KC1
Much more quickly sol in hot H20 than

bromide or iodide (Rudorff, B 19 2675 )
As203, KC1 Decomp by H2O

Potassium arsemte iodide, 3As203, 2KI+
H20

SI sol in cold H20, sol in 20 pts boiling,
and 40 pts cold H20 (Emmet, Sill Am J
(2) 18 583 )

6KAsO2, 2KI+3H20 Sol in H2O and
alcohol Decomp by acids (Harms )

2KH(As02)2, Aso03, 2KI SI sol in H2O
(Harms, A 91 371 )

2As203, KI Very difficultly sol even in
boiling HoO Very easily sol m KOH+Aq,
but much less so in K2C03+Aq (Rudorfi%
B 19 2670)

Sol in 40 tots cold, 20 pts hot H20, sol m
alkalies (Schiff and Sestim, A 228 72 )

Potassium arsemte sulphate, K3As03,

10K2S04

(Stavenhagen, Zeifc angew ch 1894, 8
166)

Rubidium arsemte, RbAs02

Sol in H2O, aq solution is alkaline to
litmus Insol in alcohol (Bouchonnet, C R
1907, 144 641 )

Rubidium arsemte bromide, As2O3, RbBr

Decomp by H2O (Wheeler, Z anorg 4
451 )

Rubidium arsemte chlonde, As2O3, RbCl
As above

Rubidium arsemte iodide, As2O3, Rbl
As above

Silver arsemte, Ag As03

Insol in H 0 Not pptd in piesence of
20,000 pts H2O (Hartmg)

11 H O dissolves 001 15 £ \g3AsO3 at 20°
CWhitby,Z anoiff 1910,67 108)

Only si sol mH O inclmdil acids, icadily
sol mNH4OH+Aq indconc acidb (Staven-
h igon, lc)

DC romp by lijjit, b\ KOH+Aq ind by
NH4OH+\q (Reich ud, B 1804,27 1022-

]* isily sol in IlNO^+Aq ind other iculb
(Mucct )

More c ibily sol in HCH/)>+\q th%n
\fftPO4 si sol inllCHsO+Aq (Smtos,
C N 38 ()4)

Insol in KOH+ \q (Kuhn, Aich Ph um

i) 69 367 )

iMsily sol in IsH4OH+Aq (Mdictt )

Insol in NH4()H+Aq, but sol thcicin m
pusence of ilk ih niti itcs (Sintob I c )

Incompletely sol in (NH4) CO,
NH4) SO4, 01 NH4N03+Aq (Wittbttm,
Rtpert 51 41)

76

ARSENITE AMMONIA, SILVER

Decomp byNH4Cl+Aq Sol inKAsO +
Aq (Kuhn, lc)

Not pptd in solutions containing sol
citrates (Spiller )

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)

SI sol in methyl acetate (Bezold, Dis-
sert 1908)

Insol m ethyl acetate (Hamers, Dissert
1906), (Naumann, B 1910, 43 314 )

+H20 Very sol in HoO, NH4OH+ Aq
and in dil acids (Stavenhagen, J pr 1895,

(2) 61 29 )

2Ag20, As208 Ppt (Pasteur. J Pharm

(3) 13 395 )

Could not be obtained (Stavenhagen, I c )
3Ag2O, 2As2Os Sol in cold HC2H302+

Aq (Santos )
Sol in NH4OH+Aq and in potassium ar-

semte+Aq (Girard, C R 34 918 )
Ppt (Reichard, B 1898, 31 2167 )
Could not be obtained (Stavenhagen, I c )

Silver arsemte ammonia, 2Ag20,

4NH3
Insol in H20 or alcohol (Girard )

Sodium arsenites

Correspond to potassium arsenites, but
have not been obtained in crystalline form
All are very sol inH2O (Pasteur, A 68 308

Na^AsOs Very sol in H 0 (Staven-
hagen, I c )

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1904, 37 3602 )

Sodium arsemte bromide, 2As Os, NaBi

Decomp by warm H O (Rudorff, B 21
3052)

Sodium arsemte iodide, 2As O3, Nal
Decomp by hot H O (Rudoiff )

Strontium arsemte, Srs(A&Os)
Sol in H20 (Stavenhagen, I c )
Sol in H20, msol in alcohol (identical with

Stem) (Reichaid, B 1894,27 1056)
br2As (X4-2H O Quite easily bol m H 0

(Stem )
SI sol in H2C, SiOjH -f Aq, 01 H3\b04 +

Aq (Dumas )

Very si sol m ilcohol (Stem )

Lasily sol m H O uul in uids (St ivcn-

higcn, J pr 1895, (2) 51 17 )
Si3As409 Moderate ly sol in H O (lleich-

ard,B 1894,27 1030)

Strontium arsemte iodide, SiJ , 31s O3 +

UHO
As Ba comp (Gruhl, Dissut 1897 )

Thallium arsemte, ri3AbOs

&] sol in H2O and alcohol, easily sol in
acids, especially m dil H SO4 (Stavenhigei ,
lc)

Tin (stannous) arsemte, Sn3(AsO3)2

Ppt , decomp by acids and alkali Reich-
ard, B 1898, 31 2169 )

+2H2O SI sol in H2O Easily so m dil
acids and alkalies (Stavenhagen, I c

Tin (stannic) arsemte, Sn3(AsO3)4+5 H20
SI sol in HoO (Stavenhagen, I c }

5Sn02, 2As203 Ppt Sol in acids ithout

decomp (Reichard, B 1894, 27 102 )

Sn7As2017 Ppt (Reichard, B 1 8, 31

2169)

Uranium arsemte, U02, As^Os

Insol m NH4OH+Aq, only si sol OH+
Aq Sol in acids (Reichard, B 1 4, 27
1029 )

Zinc arsemte, ZnO, As2O3

Ppt (Avery, J Am Chem Soc 1 >6, 28
1163)

3ZnO,As208 Sol in acids without c comp
Easily sol in NH4OH+Aq (Reich d, B
1894,27 1033)

Arsemovanadic acid, As2O5, V205 2H20

Easily sol in H20, but solution ea ly de-
composes, crystallizes from H2O with 3H20
Composition is vanadium dihydrogei arsen-
ate (VO2)H2As04 (Friedheim, B 23 2600 )

4-14, and +18H20 (Ditte, C 102

757 ) Could not be obtained (Fnec eim )

3As2O5, 2V 06 (Berzelms ) Corr t for-
mula is as above (Friedheim )

3H20, 7As206, 6V206 (Gibbs, Am 3h J

7 209 ) Could not be obt uned Fried-
heim )

3H 0, 5Asa06, 8V2OG+24H O ( ibbs )
Could not be obtained (L ri( dhc nn )

Ars emovanadates

According to Pnodhcim (Z 11101^ 1892,
2 319) the arsemovanad itos irt doi lo ai-
senatcs of V0> and NPI4

Ammonium arsemovanadate, (NHi) ),
\sO 2V 0 , + r)H()

I1 ffloi osc( nt m diy in si sol i cold,
dccomp by hot 11 O ( oni] sition
is xnimomum div ui idmm i ( nate
= (V02) (NH4)As()4+212H O (Tri hoim,
B 23 2()()0)

SI sol in cold H20 Some w\\ it mot < isily
sol m hot H20 with sipuition o V ()5
(Sthmitx-Dumont, Dissdt 1891 )

2(NH<)A i\s(),2VO +4HO Can-
not bo ciy&talli7od from H O Coin] sition
is (NH4) HAsO4+2(V()2) II ^s(), bried-
heim )

Decomp imdci H2O to (NH4) O, V 06
As Os+5H O (bchmiU-Dumont, lc

5(NH4)A 4As 06, 2V2Ofi + lSH O wl in
H O (Ditte, C K 102 1019 ) D b not
exist (Friedheim, B 23 2605 )

ARSENOSOMOLYBDATB, MANGANESE

77

Calcium arsemovanadate, 2CaO, 3As2Os,
2V206+21H20 =CaHAsO4-f 2(VO2)
H2As04+8H2O

Can be crystallized in presence of vanadic
acid without decomp (Fnedheun )

Efflorescent Sol in H20 (Schmitz-
Dumont, I c )

Cobalt arsemovanadate, CoO, As2O6, V206+

9HoO=Co(V02) E2(As04)2+8H2O
Sol m H20 (Fnedheim )

Copper arsemovanadate, CuO, As206. V20B+

4H20 = Cu(V02)2H2(As04)2-f 3H20
Sol mH20 (Fnedheim)

Magnesium arsemovanadate, MgO, As205,
V206+10H20 = (V02)2MgH2(As04)2+
9H2O

Sol in H20 (Fnedheun )

Moderately sol in H2O Solution decomp
on standing (Schmitz-Dumont, I c )

2MgO. 3As206 2V2O6, +23H20 =MgHAs04
+2(V02)HoAs04+9H20 Sol mH20 (Fried-
heim )

Sol in H20 but solution decomp on evap-
oration (Schmitz-Dumont, I c )

Potassium arsemovanadate, K2O, As20c,
2V2O5+5H20 = (V02)2KAsO4+2HH20

Sol in H20 (Fnedheim )

SI sol in cold H20 Partially decomp on
heating (Schmitz-Dumont )

Strontium arsemovanadate, 2SrO, 3As20o,
2V2O6-h20H2O =SrHAs04+2(V02)2H2

Sol in H 0 (Fnedheim )
+21H2O Exsily sol m H2O (Schmitz-
Dumont )

Zinc arsemovanadate, ZnO As2Ofi, V OB +
6^H 0 = Zn(V02)2H2(As04)2+5hH2O

Sol mH20 (Iiiedheim)

2ZnO, iAsjOfi, 2V O6-|-51I2O, and + 18H,0
= ZnHAsO4-f 2(VO2)2H2AbO4, ind+b>^H O
Sol in H () flriodhcnn )

Arsemovanadicotungstic acid

Ammonium arsemovanadicotungstate,

17(NH4) 0,2Ab Or,14JiVaOS|20\VO,+
%HO

fel sol in (old II O H( whly sol m boiling
HO Insol in il< ohol. (thoi, bdizcnc, Cb ,
CHClg, Kitoiu, lutrobcnzt ru } aniline inu
accti 1 (Rogers, ) Am Chun

Soc - 25 i 7 )

Arsemovanadicovanadic acid

Ammonium arseniovanadicovanadate,

5(NH4) O, 12\s Or, 12VO , bV Or +
7H20

SI &ol in cold, sol in hot H^O, from which
ciystalhzcs —

4(NH4) O, 9As206, 9VO2) 8V2O6+11H2O
Sol in H2O (Gibbs, Am Ch J 7 209 )

Arsemovanadicovanadiotungstic acid

Ammonium arseniovanadicovanadiotungstate,
17(NH4)20,2As20B,7Va06,4:V208,32WO8
-f73H20

SI sol in cold, readily sol in boiling H2O
(Bogera, J Am Chem Soc 1903, 25 310 )

Arseniovanadiotungstac acid

Ammonium arsernovanadiotungstate,

18(NH4)20, 2As2O6, 13V O5, 39WO8-f
88H20
Sol in H20 Insol in organic solvents

(Rogers, J Am Chem Soc 1903, 26 306 )

Arsemuretted hydrogen, AsH8
See Arsenic hydride

Arseno chromic acid

Potassium arsenochromate,
12H20

Sol in moderately cone mineral acids
(Tarugi, C C 1897, II 724 )

K7Cr8Ase022+24H20 Ppt Sol in dil
warm acids (Tarugi )

Potassium hydrogen arsenochromate,

K4H6Cr8As2Oi6
(Tarugi, C C 1897, II 724 )

Arsenosoarsemotungstic acid

Potassium arsenosoarseniottmgstate, lOKaO,

4As206, As203, 21W08+26H20
Precipitate Sol m a large amount of hot
H20 (Gibbs, Am Ch J 7 313 )

Arsenosomolybdic acid

Ammonium arsenosomolybdate, 3(NH4) O,

5As 08, 12MoOi+24HaO
SI sol mHjO (Gibbs, Am Ch J 7 313 )

Ammonium banum arsenosomolybdate,

i(NH4)Of 2BiO, 5As203, 10Mo08 +
501 [2O

Ppt (Jbphiaim, Z anorg 1910, 66 57 )

Ammonium cupnc arsenosomolybdate,

(NH4)20, CuO, 2ASO-,, 4MoO,+2HjO,
\nd 2(NII4),O, CuO, 3As2O8, OMoO3 +
1 illjO
Tptb (I1 phi inn, Z anoig 1910,66 5S )

Banum arsenosomolybdate, JBaO. 2^s O8.

SMoOa + lillO
Vuysl sol in IIO (Gibbs)

Copper arsenosomolybdate, 2CuO, ^As Oj,
bMoO t

Sol mHO (Gibbs)

Manganese arsenosomolybdate, 2MnO.
3As,O3, bMoO8 +611 0, and + 15H2O
Insol m H20 (Gibbs j

78

ARSENOSOMOLYBDATE, POTASSIUM

Potassium arsenosomolybdate, 3K20, As2O8.
5Mo08+3H20

Easily sol in H20 (Ephraun, Z anorg
1910,66 54)

3K20, As208, 8Mo03+18H20 Easily sol
in H20 (Ephraun )

Sodium arsenosomolybdate, Na2O, As20s,
2MoOs+6H20

Easily sol in H20 (Ephraim, Z anorg
1910.66 56)

2Na20, As20s, 4MoO8+13H2O Ppt
(Ephraim )

Zinc arsenosomolybdate, 2ZnO, 3As203,

6Mo08+6H20
Sol in H20 (Gibbs )

Arsenosophosphotungstic acid

Potassium arsenosophosphotungstate,
14As203, 3P206, 32W08+28H O

Moderately sol in cold, very /easily in hot
H20 (Gibbs )

7K20, 2As208, 4P206, 60W08-f55H20
Sol in hot H20 with decomp (Gibbs )

Potassium sodium arsenosophosphotungstate,
5K20, Na20, 2As2O3, 2P205, 12WOS+
15H2O
(Gibbs, Am Ch J 7 313)

Arsenosotungstic acid

Ammonium arsenosotungstate, 7(NH4)2O,

2As203, 18W03+18H 0
Sol m H20 (Gibbs )

Banum arsenosotungstate, 4BaO, As/)3,
9WOs+21H2O

Precipitate Nearly msol in H O (Gibbs )

Sodium arsenosotungstate, 9Na 0, 8 As O3,

16WO3+55H20

Very sol m H2O (Gibbs, \m Ch J 7
313)

Arsenyl bromide, AsOBr

H20 dissolves out As^Oa, msol m tlcohol
(Serullas )

+H20 (Wallace, Phil Mag (4) 17 U2 )

Arsenyl bromide with MBr
See Arsemte bromide, M

Arsenyl chloride, AbOCl
Sol m EUO with decomp
+H20 (Wallace, Phil Mag (4) 16 358 )
As304Cl (Wallace )

Arsenyl chloride with MCI
See Arsemte chloride, M

Arsenyl potassium fluoride, A.bOI1 3, Kf +

H20
(Mangnac, A 145 237 )

Arsenyl iodide, As8l2On=2AsO
12H2O

Decomp byH20 (Wallace,?]
17 122)

SI sol in cold H20, less sol
(Phsson, J Pharm 14 46 )

Arsenyl iodide with MI
See Arsemte iodide, M

Arsenyl sulphoiodide,

Scarcely attacked by cold H

3As2O*-l-
^

[ Mac (4)
n alcohol

Boiling

H2O extracts Asls Decomp by 1 t HN08 or
H2SO4 Easily sol in KOH, or N 4OH + AQ
(Schneider, J pr (2) 36 513 ) 4

Arsine
See Arsenic hydride

Atmospheric air
See Air, atmospheric

Aunamine, Au(OH)2NH2

(Jacobsen, C R 1908, 146 12 )

Diaunamine, Au2(OH)4NH

(Jacobsen, C R 1908, 146 12 )

Sesqutaun&muie, NAua, NHs

Decomp by H20 uito NAu3 {.aschiff, A
236 341) '

Auric acid, HAu2O4

Sol m HBr, or HCl+Aq (P uss, B 19
2546 )

Ammonium aurate

See Auroamidoimide
Banum aurate, BaAu O4 + 5H O

SI sol iuH2O (Wcigand, Zoil angew Ch
1905, 19 139 )

+6H O SI sol in PI O Sol dil H2S04
and in dil HNOa Sol in HC1 >ocomp by
ilcohol (Mtycr, C R 1907,14 806)

Calcium aurate (^

Insol inirOjbol in C iCI -i-f (luemy.
\ ( h ( S) 31 485 )

GiVu2()4-M>iU> Ab IU ba (Meyer,
C R 1907, 145 SOu )

Magnesium aurate ( >)

Ppt Insol in HO, sol in IgCl +Aq
Pellet id )

Potassium aurate, KAuO^-h ^H <

\<i> sol in II O, ind < i y dctomp
1 Kin\ \ (h (i) 31 1S{ )

Sol in ihohol, the solution in hoholdoes
lot d((onjp bdow r)()° ( 1 iguic A ch (3)
11 5(>4 )

Potassium aurate sulphite, KAu( , 2K2S03+

r>H O

Sol in II^O \vith dtconip early msol
m ilk dine solutions (tumv, * ch (3)31
4S5)

BARIUM AMMONIA

79

Sodium aurate,

Sol in H20 Sol in dil H2S04, dil HNOS,
and HC1 with decomp Decomp by alcohol
(Meyer, C R 1907, 145 806 )

Strontium aurate, SrAu2O4+6H2O

As Ba salt (Meyer )

Aunnmde chloride, Au(NH)Cl

(Raschig )

Aummide nitrate, Au2N2H2O, 2HN03, or
AuN, HNO8+J^H20, or Au2O(NH)2,
2HN03
Not dehquescent Decomp by hot H20

into Au20(NH)2 (Schottlander, J B 1884

453)

Auroamidoimide, Au(HN)NH2H-3H2O

(Fulminating gold) Insol in H20, not
attacked by dil acids, sol in cone acids,
and in moderately dil acids, when freshly pre-
cipitated Insol in alkalies or alcohol Sol
mKCN+Aq

Tnauroamine, Au3NH-5H20

Not decomp by boiling dil acetic acid,
HN03, or H2S04 (Raschig, A 1886, 236
349)

Auncyanhydnc acid, HAu(CN)4+l^H20
Easily sol in H20, alcohol, or ether
See also Bromauncyamdes

Chloratmcyanid es

lodauricyamdes

Ammonium auricyamde, NH4Au(CN)4

Easily bol in H20 or alcohol Insol m
ether

Cobaltous auricyamde, Co[Au(CN)4]2-l-9H20
bl sol in cold, easily in hot H2O SI sol
in alcohol (1 mdbom )

Potassium auricyamde, KAu(CN)4 + l J^H20
Effloi cscent SI sol in cold, easily m hot
H2O L ibily sol m alcohol

Silver auricyamde, AgAuCN4

In&ol in HjO 01 HN03-fAq Sol m
NH4OH+\q

Diauro^amine nitrate
Set Aurnmide nitrate

Aurobromhydnc acid
See Bromaunc acid

Aurobromic acid

See Bromaunc acid

Aurochlorhydnc acid
See Chlorauric acid

Aurochlonc acid
See Chloraunc acid

Atirocyanhydnc acid
Aurocyanides with MCH"
See Cyanide, aurous with MCN

Azinosulphomc acid
Ammonium azinosulphonate, NsSOsNH4
(Traube, B 1914, 47 944 )
Barium azinosulphonate, (NsSOs^Ba
(Traube, B 1914,47 944)

Potassium azinosulphonate, N3S03K

Easily sol m H20 Can be crvst from
boiling abs alcohol (Traube, B 1914, 47
943)

Sodium azinosulphonate, N3S08Na
(Traube, B 1914,47 944)

Azoimide, HN3

Miscible with H20 and alcohol (Curtms
and Radershausen, J pr (2) 43 207 )

Stable in aq solution, decomp slowly by dil
boihng HC1 (Curtms, J pr 1898, (2) 58
265)

For salts of HN8, see azoimide of metal
under metal

Azoimide, hydroxylanune, N8H,2NH2OH

Sol in H2O Gradually volatilizes at ord
temp (Dennis, J Am Chem Soc 1907, 29
22)

Azophosphonc acid

See Pg/rophosphamic acid
De^azopfyosphoric acid

See P2/r0phosphocfoamic acid

Banum, Ba

Decomp byH2Oandabs alcohol (Guntz.
C R 1901, 133 874 )

Insol m liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 827 )

Banum amalgam, BaHgi3

Stable in contact with liquid amalgam up
to 30° Can be cryst from Hg without de-
comp if temp does not exceed 30° (Kerp,
Z anorg 1900, 25 68 )

BaHgi2 Stable in contact with liquid
amalgam from 50°-100° Cm be cryst fiom
Hg without docomp it any tcrnp within
these limits (Kerp )

Banum amide, Ba(NH )2

B-pt 280° (Menticl, C C 1903,1 270)
Decomp by H O (Guntz md Mcntrtl.

Bull Soc 1903, (3) 29 57S )

Banum potassium amide

£>ce Potassium ammonobarate
Barium ammonia, Ba(NH3)c

Takes fire in the an Only si sol in liquid
NH3 Violently decomp by H2O (Mentrel,
C R 1902, 135 740 )

80

BARIUM ARSENIDE

Barium arsenide, Ba3As2

Decomp by H20 (Lebeau, C R 1899
129 48)

Barium azoimide, Ba(N3)*
Very si hydroscopic, explosive
12 5 pts are sol in 100 pts H20 at 0°
16 2 " " " " 100 " H20 " 10

16 7 « « u <c 100 « Hjso « 15'

17 3 " " " " 100 " H20 " 17(

0 0172 pts are sol in 100 pts abs alcohol at
16°

Insol in ether (Curtms, J pr 1898, (2)
58 290)
See also Barium nitnde

Barium bonde, BaB6

Sol in fused oxidizing agents, not decomp
by H20, insol in aq acids, si sol in cone
H2S04, sol in dil and cone HNOS (Moissan,
C R 1897, 125, 634 )

Barium sw&bromide sodium bromide, BaBr,

NaBr

Decomp by H2O (Guntz, C R 1903,
136 750)

Barium bromide, BaBr2, and +2H2O

100 pts H20 dissolve —
atO° 20° 40° 60° 80° 100°

98 104 114 123 135 149 pts BaBr2

Sat BaBr2+Aq contains at
_20° —9° +7° 16° 19° 40°
45 7 46 5 48 5 48 8 49 3 50 9%BaBr2
71° 76° 77° 104° 145° 160° 175°
55 1 55 5 55 6 56 6 60 5 59 4 60 3%BaBr2
(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 540 )
Sp gr of BaBr2+Aq at 19 5° containing
5 10 15 20 25 30%BaBr2

1 045 1 092 1 114 1 201 1 262 1 329

35
1 405

40
1 485

45
1 580

50
1 685

55%BaBr2
1 800

(Kremers, Pogg 99 444, calculated by
Gerlach 2, anal 8 285)

BaBr -fAq containing 7 74% BaBr2 has
sp gr 20720° -107 16

BaBr2+Aq containing 1676% BaBi2 has
sp gr 20720° = 1 1674

(Le Blanc and Rohland. Z phys Ch 1S96,
19 279)

Sat BaBr2+Aq boils at 113° (Kiemcrs,
Pogg 99 43 )

Solubility in BaI2+Aq at t°

t°

Sat solution contains

% BaBr

'0BnI

—16

4 7

57 9

—16

5 0

5() 0

H-60

5 5

bb 0

135

9 3

b7 3

135

9 0

07 2

170

11 0

67 4

210

14 9

67 7

(Etard, A ch 1894, (7) 3 287 )

Very sol in absolute alcohol (Hui

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol disi
pts BaBr2at225°

100 pts absolute ethyl alcohol di£
pts BaBr2 at 22 5° (de Bruyn, Z pi
10 783) P

Sat solution in 87% alcohol conta
BaBr2 (Richards, Z anorg 3 455 )

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol <
45 8 pts BaBr2+2H20 at 15°

100 pts 935% methyl alcohol <
27 3 pts BaBr2-f 2H20 at 15°

100 pts 50% methyl alcohol dissolv
BaBr2+2H20 at 15° (de Bruyn, Z
Ch 10 787)

100 g BaBr2 -J-CHSOH contain 0 4 g
at the cntical temp (Centnerszwer, 2
Ch 1910,72 437)

At 15°, 1 pt by weight is sol in

36 pts methyl alcohol, sp gr 0 "J
207 " ethvl " * " 0 g
652 " propyl " " "08

(Rohland, Z anorg 1897, 15 413 )

Nearly insol in boiling amyl alco]
ccm dissolving only an amt equal to
BaO (Browning, Sill Am J 144 45'

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 19
4328, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Insol m benzonitnle (Naumann, I
47 1370)

Difficultly sol m methyl acetate
mann, B 1909, 42 3789 )

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann. I
43 314)

Barium cadmium bromide, BaBr , C

4H2O
Sol in H20 (v Haucr, W A B 2C 40 )

Barium rhodium bromide
See Bromorhodite, barium

feld)
Ive50

>lve 3
s Ch

is 6%
ssolve
ssolve

4 pts
phys

3aBr2
phys

9

35

35

>1, 10
3mg

I, 37

1914,

Nau-
1910,

Barium bromide ammonia, B iBi ,8N1
Decomp by HjO (Joanna, C R
140 1244 )

Barium bromide hydrazme, B iBi , 2N

Ilydroscopic Very sol m II O Ii

alcohol (1'iui/cn, Z inoig 1908,60

Barium bromofluonde, Ba,Bi2,Ba,L

Insol in ind under omp by boiling i
Sol in IIBr and in UNOj DC comj) b^
hot II S()4, dil HOI, dil IINO3, or dil
,ud (Dcfirq^C R 1904,138 199)

(Maquenne, C I

Janum carbide,

Decomp by H O
300)

Sp gr 3 75 Easily decomp by H2
dil acidfo (Moi&san, Bull Soc 1894, i

1905,

>1 m
91)

ohol
fI20,

cetic

144

and

BARIUM CHLORIDE

81

Bamun carbonyl, Ba(CO)2

Sol in H20 (Guntz and Mentrel, Bull
Soc 1903, (3) 29 586 )

Barium swbchloride, Bad

Decomp by H20 (Guntz, C R 1903,
136 751)

Banum sw&chlonde sodium chloride, Bad,

NaCl

Decomp by H20 (Guntz, C R 1903,
136 750)

Banum chloride, BaCl2, and 4*2H2O
Permanent in dry air

100 pts HaO at t° dissolve (a) pts BaCh and (&)
pts BaCl2H-2H20

t°

a

&

t°

a

b

15 64
49 31

34 86

43 84

43 50
55 63

74 89
105 4$

59 94
59 58

65 51
77 89

(Gay Lussac A ch. (2) 11 309 )

100 pts H2O at t° dissolve 32 62 +0271U pts BaCh
(Kopp )

100 pts HaO dissolve pts BaCl2+2HaO at t°

t°

Pts
BaCl2+2H2O

t°

Pts
BaCl3+2HaO

16 25
20 00
22 50
37 50
50 00

39 66
42 22
43 7
51 0
65 0

62 50
75 00
87 00
100

48 0
63 0
65 0
72 0

(Brandes )

Sol in 2 67 pts H O at 18 75° (Abl )

1 pt BaCU is sol m 2 86 pts HaO at 15 5° and 1 67
pts at boiling temp (M R and P )

100 pts HjO at lr> 5° dissolve 20 pts BaCl and 43
pts at 87 7° (Ure a Diet )

Solubility in 100 pts H O at t°

t°

ItH

BaCl

t°

Pts
BaGh

0
12 2
38 4
b2 7j

11 1
-JJ 0
41 2

47 7

77 5
95 05
10-3 5
10 i

>1 0
o7 7
,8 <)
r><) 7

(Nonlcnsl idld Pofcg 136 510)

100 pis HO dissolve pts "Bad ji1

1

PtH

H iC It

t

Its
BaCh

0
30
37

n 2

JS 1
10 0

50

58

43 7
4j 0

(Gcmrdin A ch (4) 5 143)

1 pt BaCl; -Mil O is sol in 2 18 pts II2O
at 21 5°, and the solution has sp gr = 1 2878
(SchifT, A 109 326 )

1 pt anhydious BaCl-> is sol in 2 80 pts
H20 at 15° (Gerlach )

Solubility in 100 pts H20 at t°

t°

Pts
BaClz

t°

Pts
BaCh

t°

Pts
BaCb

0

30 9

36

39 7

71

49 7

1

31 2

37

40 0

72

50 0

2

31 5

38

40 2

73

50 3

3

31 7

39

40 5

74

50 6

4

31 9

40

40 7

75

50 9

5

32 2

41

41 0

76

51 2

6

32 4

42

41 3

77

51 5

7

32 6

43

41 6

78

51 8

8

328

44

41 9

79

52 1

9

33 1

45

42 2

80

524

10

33 3

46

42 5

81

52 7

11

33 5

47

42 7

82

53 0

12

33 8

48

43 0

83

53 3

13

34 0

49

43 3

84

53 6

14

34 2

50

43 6

85

54 0

15

34 5

51

43 9

86

54 3

16

34 7

52

44 2

87

54 6

17

35 0

53

44 4

88

55 0

18

35 2

54

44 7

89

55 3

19

35 5

55

45 0

90

55 6

20

35 7

56

45 3

91

55 9

21

36 0

57

45 6

92

56 2

22

36 2

58

45 9

93

56 6

23

36 5

59

46 2

94

56 9

24

36 7

60

46 4

95

57 2

25

37 0

61

46 7

96

57 6

26

37 2

62

47 0

97

57 9

27

37 5

63

47 3

98

58 2

28

37 7

64

47 6

99

58 5

29

38 0

65

47 9

100

58 8

30

38 2

66

48 2

101

59 2

31

38 5

67

48 5

102

59 5

32

38 7

68

48 8

103

59 8

33

39 0

69

49 1

104

60 2

34

39 2

70

49 4

104 1

60 3

35

39 5

(Muldcr; calculated from his own and other
observations Scheik Verhandel 1864 45 )

The saturated solution contains —

60 3 pts BaCl2tolOOpts H20, and boils at
104 1° (Mulder )

601 pts BaCl to 100 pts H20, and boils at
104 4° (Lcgi ind )

01 8 pts BiCl2 to 100 pts H2O, and boils
it 104 5° (Griffith )

59 58 pts Bd,Cl2 to 100 pts IJUO, and boils
at 105 4S° (Gw-Lubsac), at 106° (Kicmers)

54 1 pfcs BiCi to 100 pts H O, and forms
ciust at 104 4°, highest tempciafcuro observed,
1049° (Gcihch, Z mal 26 42b )

Sit BxCL+Aq contuns at
100° 1 K) 144° 100° 180° 215°
3b *7 * 57 5 38 9 40 7 43 !%BaCl2
(fitud, A ch 1894, (7) 2 535)

Aq solution contains 27 6% BaCl2 at 30°
(bhumemakers, C C 1910,1 9)

82

BARIUM CHLORIDE

Solubility of BaCl2+2H2O in H2O equals
1 745 mol -litre at 30° (Masson, Chem Soc
1911,99 1136)

BaCU +Aq sat at 8° has sp gr 127 (Anthon)
BaCU +Aq sat at 15° has sp gr 1282 (Michel and
Kraff t )
BaClz+Aq sat at 18 1° has sp gr 1 285 and con
tains 44 31 pts BaCU+2H2O to 100 pts H2O (Kar
sten.)

Sp gr of BaCU+Aq at 19 5°

Sp gr

of BaCl2+Aq at 20°

g mo Is BaCU per 1

Sp gr

0 01
0 025
0 05
0 075
0 10
0 25
0 40

1
1
1
1
1
1
1

001878
00475
00929
01369
01766
0456
0726

% BaCU

Sp gr

% BaCU

Sp gr

(Jones and Pearce, Am Ch J 1907,38 )1 )
BaCl2-fAq containing 694% BaC] has
sp gr 20°/20° = 10640
BaCl2-hAq containing 1138% BaC has
sp gr 20720° = 11086
(Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phys Ch 896,
19 279 )
Sp gr of BaCl2-f-Aqat25°

8 88
18 24

1 0760
1 1521

27 53
35 44

1 2245
1 2837

(Kremers Pogg 99 444)
Sp gr of BaCl2+Aq at 15°

% BaCU

Sp gr

% BaCU

Sp gr

1

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

1 00917
1 01834
1 02750
1 03667
1 04584
1 05569
1 06554
1 07538
1 08523
1 09508
1 10576
1 11643
1 12711

14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

1 13778
1 14846
1 15999
1 17152
1 18305
1 19458
1 20681
1 21892
1 23173
1 24455
1 25736
1 27017

BaCU-hAq

Sp gr

1-normal
X- "

X- "

Vs- "

1 0884
1 0441
1 0226
1 0114

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 6 35
Sp gr of BaCl2-hAq

t°

Concentration of BaCU +Aq

J gr

2194
0145

25°
22 8

1 pt BaClo in 3 684 pts H20
1 " " " 52597 " "

(Hittorf, Z
Temp

phys Ch 1902, 39 62 )
of Maximum Density

(Gerlach, Z anal 8 283 )
Sp gr of BaCl2+Aqat215°

Weight of BaCU „
in 1000 grams J
H2O

^emp of maximum
density

Molecula: educ
tion of t« tp of
M

% BaOlaH-
2H2O

Sp gr

%BaCU +
2HaO

Sp gr

0

6 73

10 42
20 83
41 72

3 982°
3 207°
2 783°
1 572°
—0 843°

23 [
23 i
24 t
24 t

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

1 0073
1 0147
1 0222
1 0298
1 0374
1 0452
1 0530
1 0610
1 0692
1 0776
1 0861
1 0947
1 1034
1 1122
1 1211

16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

1 1302
1 1394
1 1488
1 1584
1 1683
1 1783
1 1884
1 1986
1 2090
1 2197
1 2304
1 2413
1 2523
1 2636
1 2750

(De Coppet, C R 1897, 126 53
BaCl2+Aq containing 10% Bi( 1 \ ils at
1006° (Gcilach)
BaCl2-hAq containing 20% 13 iCl 1 ils at
101 9° (Gerlach )

B -pt of BaCU +Aq containing pts 13 31a to
100 pts HjO G= iccording to ( ilach
(Z inal 26 443), I = lunidmg to I riand
(A ch (2) 59 452)

B pt

c

I

(Schiff, calcuUted by Getlach, I c )
Sp gr of BaCl2+Aqat 18°

100 5°
101 0
101 5
102 0
102 5
103 0
103 5
104 0
104 4
104 5

(> 4
12 7
19 0
2r> 3
31 (>
37 7
43 7
49 5

55 2

11
19
26
32
38
44
50
56 >
60

% BaCU

bp gr

% BaCU

Sp tr

5
10
15

1 0445
1 0939
1 1473

20

24

1 2047
1 2559

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

BARIUM CHLORIDE

83

Less sol in H O containing HC1 than in
pure H2O, and scarcely sol in cone HCl+Aq
(Berzelms )

Solubility of BaCl2 in HCl+Aq at 0°
BaCl2=no y% mols (in milligrammes) dis-
solved in 10 cc of the liquid, HC1 = no mols
(in milligrammes) contained in the same
quantity of liquid

BaGls

29 45

27 8

26 075

23 4

14 0

10 2
6 67
2 74
0 29

HC1

0

1 1

2 8
5 0

14 36
18 775
22 75
32 0
50 5

Sum of mols Sp gr

29 45
28 9
28 875
28 4
28 36

28 975

29 42
34 74
50 79

250
242
228
210
143
118
099
079
088

(Engel, Bull Soc (2) 45 653 )

Sol m about 8000 pts cone HCl+Aq
Sol in about 20,000 pts cone HCl+Aq
through which HC1 gas was passed

Practically msol in cone HCl+Aq con-
taining l/e vol ether (Mar, Sill Am J 143

Solubility m HCl+Aq at 30°

Composition of the
solution

Solid phase

J<&1

% by wt
BaCl2

0
5 94
11 55
18 11
32 35
37 34
38 63

27 6
12 97
3 85
0 46
0 00
0 00
0 00

BaCl2, 2H O

tt

tt
tt
tt

BaCl,2H20+BaCl2,
BaCl , H2O

HO

(Schrememakers, Z phys Ch 1909, 68 89 )

Much less sol in HNO3+Aq than in H 0,
because Ba(N03) is neirly int>ol therein
(Wurtz )

BaCU is sol m about —

400ptb H20

5 00 pts NH4OH+ \q (oonr )

5 33 pts NH4OH+Aq (1 vol cone 3 vols
HO)

533 pts HCl+Aq (1 vol com 4 vols
HO)

5 00 pts HC2H,() +Aq(lvol comrnercul
acid Ivol HO)

OOOpts NH4Cl+\q(lpt NII4C1 10 pts

000 pts NH4G2H8O +Aq (dil NH4OII +
Aq neutiab/od by chl HC II /3 +Aq )

067 pts NaC H3O +Aq (cormner< lal
HC H3O neutralized by Na COj, and dil
with 4 vols H/))

6 33 pts Cu(CJEf aO ) +Aq ,See fetolba (Z
inal 2 390)

567 pts grape sugai (1 pt ^rape sugar
10 pts H/)) (Peuson, Zeit Chem 1869
662)

BaCl2+NH4Cl Solubility of BaCl2 m
NH4Cl+Aq at 30°

Composition of the
solution

Sobd phase

% NBUC1

% BaCls

0

27 6

BaCl2f2H20

5 71

22 16

10 06

18 36

13 84

15 42

20 00

10 89

24 69

8 33

25 79

7 95

BaCl22H20+NH4Cl

26 06

7 99

u

27 47

3 56

NH4C1

29 5

0

it

(Schrememakers, Z phys Ch 1909, 66 688 )
See also under Ammonium chloride
BaCl2+Ba(OH)2 Solubility of BaCl2 in

BaO+Aq at 30°

Composition of
the solution

%by
wt
BaO

0

1 78
1 79

1 75

2 33

2 50

3 27
67
86
29
64
65
62
60
58
45
99

%by

wt

BaCh

27 6
27 42
27 31
27 41
24 98
24 20
21 46
19 18
18 97
18 83
18 77
18 10
18 04
17 08
12 81
10 77
0

Solid phase

2H20

BaCl2, 2H2O+BaCl(OH), 2H20

tt

BaCl(OH), 2H2O
tt

tt

BaCl(OH), 2H O+BaO, 9H20

tt

tt
tt

BaO, 9H2O

(Schrememakers, Z phys Ch 1909,68 88)
Sol m CuCl2,NH4Cl + Aq at 30° (Schreme-
m ikcrs, Z phy« Ch 1909, 66 OSS )

1 he bolubihty data, foi the system BaGl +
CuCh+RCl +Aq have boon determine d it 40°
ind ()()° (Schicmom ikcrs, C C 1915, 1 933 )
H iCl +HgCl Solubility of Bid +
in II O

C ins p<r 100 k

1

solution

Solid plnsc

IU( 1

HfeCl

t() 4°

2* 58

r)0 r>4

HiCl ,2110+HgCl

10 4

23 44

r)0 74

10 4
10 4

22 58
22 48

51 2*
51 41

IUGl,,mgGl OH 0

10 4

22 10

51 00

10 4
25 0

21 04
23 02

51 74

54 83

1UC1 ,2H 0+HgGli

(Foote and Bristol, Am Uh J M Wb )

BARIUM CHLORIDE

Solubility of BaCl2+HgCl2 m H2Q

Tei

up =30

Temp =0°

% HgCh

% BaCls

Solid phase

% HgCh

% BaCl

Sokd phase

0

27 77

BaCl2 2H2O

0

23 70

BaCl2 2H2O

2 90

27 56

*

14 25

24 0

1C

7 09

27 47

t

36 20

24 89

"

12 98

26 99

t

46 12

24 07

BaCl2, 3HgCl2 6H20+

22 61

26 89

c

46 05

24 03

" BaCl2

34 57

26 69

t

46 07

24 05

"

46 50
55 f6
£5 32

25 22
23 46
23 08

e

HgCl2+BaCl2 2H20

46 59
47 78
48 43

23 28
21 05
20 64

BaCl2, 3HgCl2 6H2(
BaCl2, 3HgCl2 6H20+I

55 19

22 98

it

48 49

20 71

"

48 97
41 30

17 87
14 2b

HgCl,

44 33
29 0

18 50
11 59

H^Cl,

27 62

8 41

11

16 36

6 11

It

14 19

2 65

It

3 95

0

(t

7 67

0

Temp =40°

56 57

92 98

BaCl22H20+HgCl

(Schremernakers, C

h Weekb

1 1911,7

202)

BaCU+KCl Sol in sat KCl+Aq, at first
without pptn The KC1 is pptd after a time
until a state of equilibrium is reached

100 pts H20 at 16 6° dissolve 33 8-27 2 pts
KC1 and 18 2-34 9 pts BaC32 (Kopp, A 34

are
~

267

)

BaCh

34 5

35 0

19 4 »0 3

100 g sat

solution

of BaCla+KCl contain

1383 g BaCl2 and

/T71__i_ A__ /"YI T nt)

1897

g KC1

at 25°

38 6

54 i

(Jboote, Am L/n J oJ

2oo ;

1, 2, and 3 are at

17°

(Kopp, A

34 68)

BaCl2+Ba(N03)2

BaCl

2 is sol

in sat

4, 5, and 6 are at

b-pt

(Mulder )

Ba(N03)2+Aq

Solubility of BaCl2+NaCl
100 pts H20 dissolve pts BaCl and aCl
at t°

Solubility of BaCl -f-Ba(NO

3)2 m H U Both

Pts

Pts

Its

Bid

s

salts present

in solid phase

t°

Bid

NiCl

l"

] Cl

Gms per 100 gms

C ins prr

100 ferns

10

4 1

3* 0

60

9 7

o

t°

solut

t°

•^olu

tion

20

4 1

3 3 S

70

11 7

6

BaCl

BafNOal

HiCl

Bi(NOi)

^0

5 0

** 7

SO

1* 9

6

0

22 5

4 3

100

U

14

40
50

() *>

7 9

^? b
*>*> ")

»MI

100

159
17 9

G
0

20

94 *

6 0

140

32

20

40

26 5

7 5

ISO

2(>

(Piccht ind Wilton, Ji 14 l()l>7

60

28 5

9 5

210

32

32

Solubility of B iCl +\iC

linllCl + Aq 30°

(Ltord, 4 Ch (7)2 535)

SolM

plwsi NaC 1

Su

1(1 J>1»}|M< B

i( I 'HO

f)t Sit

( 1110

hlM

s

f sut

< niol c

Veiy slowly sol in

sit NaNOa +

Vq ^ith

3J(1

N iC

so

utu n

IK

id

sepaiation of Ba(NOj)2
Rapidly sol in &at KM)^-}- Vq, foiimng
Ba(NO3)2, which sepu itf & out (Kar&ttu )
BaCl2+NaCl BaCl2 is sol in NiCl+Aq
at first without scpai ition of IS iCl, \\luch,
however, finally separates

J 201 S

1 1S01
1 Ibii
1 1512
1 1427

0 0000
0 4575
0 <)(><)
1 7S(>
2 412
3 052

5 400
4 <H2
4 iS(>
i 5S9
2 97S
2 403

I

^05()
2(>51
2117
17SO

1(H)S

0 (K)O(J
0 470!)
I 107
1 (>22
2 2*4
> 041

745
468
122
861
592
307

1 1289

4 152

1 b2S

1

08SO

3 953

124

1 1188

5 950

0 6iO

1

OS95

3 059

020

1 1258

7 205

0 268

1

1024

b 234

00

1

1609

10 25

00

(Masson, Cheni

hOC

1911, 99 113( i

BARIUM CHLORIDE

85

Solubility of BaCli+NaClm HCl+Aq at 30°

%HC1

%NaCl

%BaCls

Solid phase

0
4 84
12 02
17 20
23 16
28 66
36 51

23 85
18 07
9 55
4 65
1 54
0 47
0 12

3 8
2 27
0 82
029
0 00
0 00
0 00

NaCl, BaCla 2H->O
NaCl-fBaCl2 H2O

(Schreinemakers, Arch Ne'er Sc ex nat (2)
16 91)

Insol in liquid NHs
J 1898,20 827)

(Franklin, Am Ch

Solubility in alcohol 100 pts alcohol of given
dissolve pts of the anhydrous and crysti
salt

Sp gr

Pts
BaCh

Pts
BaCU4-2H20

0 900
0 848
0 S34
0 817

1 00
0 29
0 185
0 09

1 56
0 43
0 32
0 06

(Kirwan )

Insol in abs alcohol, or below 19° in al-
cohol of over 91% Dil alcohol dissolves less
BaCl2 than corresponds to the amount of H2O
present (Gerardin, A ch (4) 6 142 )

Solubility in 100 pts alcohol at t° D=sp gr
of alcohol, S = solubility

Solubility of BaCl2 in alcohol-fAq

t°

305

tt

a

i
t

e

t
t
tt
et
tt

alcohol

B§31t

Solid phase

0
32 67
50 16
66 72
92 53
94 83
94 75
94 60
97 14
98 17
99 41

27 95
10 63
5 68
2 23
0 05
0 07
0 05
0 07

0 08

BaCl2 2H2O

BaCl2 2H2O-fBaCl2 H2O

BaCl2 H2O
BaCl2 H20+BaCl2
BaCl2

60°
«

it
tt
tt
tt
tt

1C

0

16 68
34 10
66 02
88 55
90 11
90 39
93 95

31 57
20 16
13 21
2 82
0 25
0 09

BaCl2 2H2O

a

tt
tt
tt

BaCl2 2H20+BaCl2 H2O
it

BaCl2 H2O

(Schreinemakers and Massink, Chem
Weekbl 1910, 7 213 )

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
2 18 pts BaCl2 at 15 5°, and 7 3 pts BaCl2,
2H20 at 6° (de Bruyn, Z phys Ch 10 783 )
At 15° C 1 pt by weight is sol in —
78 pts methyl alcohol of sp gr 0 790
7,000 " ethyl " " " " 0 8035
100,000 " propyl " " " " 0 8085

/T>ml~1«^J n _ ^^.~ -1 orvtr Hit* A -i o \

D=0

9904

D =

D 9848

D=C

) 9793

D =

0 9726

t°

3

t

s

t

s

t°

s

14
25
32

47
bO

29 1
32 0
33 j
37 4
39 b

14
32
3<)
50
03

25 0
29 1
30 q
3* 2
37 ()

11
15
20
3r>
45

19 0
20 4
21 7
24 b
20 8

1>
23
33
50

lo 6
17 0
19 1
22 0

D =

I) 9573

D«

0 9J90

D=M

J b907

D =

0 8429

t

s

t°

s

t°

s

t

•s

13

24
44
W
o()

10
11 4
12 ()
li S
15 2

12
2*
U

r

47

0 i

7 2
S i
<) 0
10 I

1-
i()
47

0 1
4 *
4 9

12
19
2o
jO

07

0 00
0 00
0 04
0 2S
0 377

(Gciardm, A ch (4) 5 142)

Solubility in dil alcohol of x% by weight
at 15°

% alcohol 0 10 20 30 40 60 80

Pts BaCl* 2H2O 30 2o 23 7 18 0 12 8 9 3 3 4 0 5

(Schiff, A 118 365 )

Sol in 6885-8108 pts 993% alcohol at
14 5°, and in 1857 pts at ebullition (Frese-
mus)

Absolutely insol in boiling amyl alcohol
(Browning, Sill Am J 144 459 )

Absolutely insol in acetic ether (Cann,
C R 102 363)

Very si sol in acetone (Krug and M'El-
roy, J Anal Ch 6 184 )

100 pts by weight of glycerine dissolve 10
pts Bad at 15 5° (de Bruyn. Z phys Ch
10 783)

Insol in a-cetonc (Naurnann, B 1904, 37
4329 ) (kidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Insol in benzonitnlo (Naumann, B 1914,
47 1370)

Insol in methyl icctate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)

Insol in inhydious pyndmc, 97% pyii-
dmc-j-Aq a,nd 95% pyiidmo+Aq 81 sol
m 93% pyndinc+Aq (Kahienbeig, J Am
Chom Hoc 1908;30 1107)

-f-H/) Solution of monohydi itc bat at b°
contains 31 57% Bad OSchicmonmkeis.
Chcm Wukbl 1910,7 213)

25 gianm of the monohydiate are sol in
100 cc of methyl alcohol at 14° (Kirbchnci ,
Z phys Ch 1911, 76 176 )

Exact solubility in methyl alcohol cannot
be determined as BaCl2+H20 separates, out
fiomasat solution of the dihydrate (Kirsch-
ner, Z phys ch 1911, 76 177 )

Barium cadmium chloride, BaCl2,CdCi^ 4-

4H2O
Easily sol in H20 (v Hauei )

86

BARIUM MERCURIC CHLORIDE

Solubility in H20 at t°

t°

100 pts solution contain pts

100 g of
solution
contain g salt

100 g HaO
dissolve
g salt

100 moL H O
dissolve i Is of
anhydro salt

Cl

Ba

Cd

22 5

15 19

14 71

11 98

41 88

72 06

3

32 9

16 18

16 09

12 40

44 59

80 73

3 i

41 4

16 95

16 81

13 05

46 87

88 01

4 C

53 4

18 21

18 13

13 95

50 30

101 21

4 6

62 0

18 81

18 74

14 73

52 28

109 56

5 C

97 8

22 48

22 00

17 57

62 05

163 50

7 I

108 3

23 51

22 79

18 53

64 83

184 33

8 4

109 2

23 69

29 95

18 67

65 31

188 27

8 €

(Runbach, B 1897, 30 3083 )

BaCl22CdCl2+5H2O Quite difficultly sol inH20 (v Hauer)

Solubility in H20 at t°

t°

100 pts by wt of solution contain pts by wt

100 g of
solution
contain g salt

100 g H2O
dissolve
g salt

100 moL H O
dissolve i Is of
anhydroi salt

Cl

Ba

Cd

22 6
41 3
53 9
62 2
69 5
107 2
107 2

16 89
18 15
18 78
19 66
20 18
23 31
23 16

11 00
11 77
12 41
12 83
13 09
14 87
14 93

17 71
19 22

19 85
20 59
21 20
24 11
24 39

45 60
49 14
51 04
53 08
54 47
62 29
62 48

83 82
96 62
104 25
113 13
119 64
165 18
166 53

2 e

3 (

3 $
3 *
3 i
5 ]
5 J

(Runbach, B 1897,30 3083)

mercuric chloride, basic, BaCl2, HgO

H20

uecomp by H20 (Andre", C R 104 431 )

Barium mercuric chloride, BaCl2, 2HgCl2+
2H20

Efflorescent in dry air, sol in H2O (v
Bonsdorff, Pogg 17 130 )

The salt BaCl2, 2HgCl2+2H2O described by
Bonsdorff does not form under the conditions
which he gives (Foote, Am Ch J 1904, 32
251 )

BaCl2,3HgCl2+6H2O Solubility deter-
minations with mixtures of BaCl2 and HgCl2
show that these chlorides do not form a double
salt at 25°, but that a transition temp exists
at about 17 2° btlow which the salt BaCl2,
3HgCl2+6H2O forms (Poote, Am Ch J
1904, 32 251 )

+8H2O Less sol in H2O than the Sr and
Mg double saltb (bwin,Am Ch J 1898; 20
033)
Barium rhodium chloride, 3BaCl2; Rh Clfa

bee Chlororhodite, barium
Barium stannous chloride, BaCL, bnC!2 +
4H2O

Sol mH20 (Poggial(,C R 20 118*)

Barium stannic chloride
ASee Chlorostannate, barium

Barium uranium chloride, BaCl2,UCl4

Decomp by H2O (Aloy, Bull &oc 1899,
(3) 21 265 )

Barium zinc chloride, BaCl2, ZnCl2+4
Deliquescent, and sol in H20 (^

C N 27 271)
Pptd from warm solution only (Ep

Z anorg 1910, 67 381 )

+2JiHsO Pptd from cold so

(Ephraun )

Barium chloride hydrazine, BaCl2, 2N
Hydroscopic (Franzen, Z anorg
60 290)

Barium chloride hydroxylamme, BaC

2NH2OH

Veiy sol in H/) (Crismer, Bull &
3 118)
Barium chloride sulphuric anhydride,

2b03

Decomp by H 0 (Schultz-Sclhck
113)

Barium chlorofluonde, 13 \C11

Difficultly sol in H2O, but much m<
than BiF2 Decomp by II2O, so tha
washed on filtu, the nltiatc (oritami
BaCl2 than BaP2 (Buzelms, Pogg 1
Insol in and undecomp by boiling a
sol in cone HC1 and IINOj Dccoi
hot H20, hot H2b04, dil icetie acid, d
or dil HNO3 (Defacqz, C R 190
198)
Barium cyanamide, BaCNo

Decomp by H20 (I rank, C C 1<
774)

2o

rner,
aun,
tion

L908,

j

(3)
ado,
B 4

e sol
when
moie
9)
ohol,
T by
HC1
138

2,11

BAJtfDM HYDROXIDE

87

Barium sitbfluoride sodium fluoride, BaF,

NaF

Deeomp by H20 (Guntz, C R 1903,
136 750)

Barium fluoride, BaF2

Scarcely sol in H2O (Berzelius), less sol in
H20 than CaF2

1 liter H20 dissolves 1630 mg BaF2 at 18°
(Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1904, 50 356 )

1605 mg are contained in 1 1 of sat solu-
tion at 18° (KohJrausch, Z phys Ch 1908,
64 168)

Insol in molten MnCl2, MnBr2, MnI2,
MnCl2-f-BaCl2, MnBr2+BaBr2 and MnI2+
BaI2 (Defacqz, A ch 1904, (8) 1 350 )

Easily sol in HC1, HN08, or HF+Aq
(Gay-Lussac and Thenard )

SI sol in liquid HF (Franklin, Z anorg
1905,46 2)

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1910,43 314)

Sol in an aqueous solution of sodium cit-
rate (Spiller )

Barium tin (stannic) fluoride
See Fluostannate, barium

Barium tellunum fluoride, BaF2, 2TeF4

Deeomp byH2O (Hogbom, Bull Soc (2)
35 60)

Barium titan mm fluoride
See Fluotatanate, barium

Barium titanyl fluoride, Ti02F2, BaF2

See Fluoxypertitanate and fluoxytitanate,
barium

Barium uranyl fluoride
See Fluoxyuranate, barium

Barium vanadyl fluonde
See Fluoxyvanadate, barium

Barium zirconium fluonde, 3BaF2, 2ZrF4 +

2HO

Insoluble piecipitate (Mangnac )
See also Fluozirconate, barium

Barium fluoiodide, BdF2, BaI2

Decomp by H O, dil HC1, dil HNO« or
hot H SO4 bol m HI and HN03 Insol
in and undecomp by boiling alcohol De-
comp by dil icctic and (Defacqz, C R
1904, 138 199 )

Barium hydride, B iH

Decomp by H O or HCl+Aq (Wmkler,
B 24 1979)

Decomp by H2O (Guntz, C R 1901,
132 964)

Barium hydrosulphide, BaS2H2

Easily sol in H O Insol in alcohol
H-4H20 Sol in H20, and the solution dis-
solves S (Veley, Chem Soc 49 369 )

t°

Pts BaO

t°

Pts BaO

t°

Pts BaO

0
5
10
15
20
25

1 5

1 75
2 22
2 89
3 48
4 19

30
35

40
45
50
55

5 0
6 17
7 36
9 12
11 75
14 71

60
65
70
75
80

18 76
24 67
31 9
56 85
90 77

(Rosenthie

lOOpts
BaOaH2

1 and Ruhln
H20 dissolve
(Herz and J

Sp gr of Bi

aann, J B 1870 314 )
jat25°5508millimols
Cnoch, Z anorg 1904,

lOaHs+Aq

2

41 315)

%BaO

Sp gr

%BaO Sp gr

30
19
2 6

1 6
1 3
1 03

18 1 02
09 1 01

Barium hydroxide, BaO2H2

100 pts cold HaO dissolve 5 pts BaOaHa
r boiling 50

(Davy)
100 pts H O at 20° dissolve 3 45 pts BaO

(Bmeau C R 41. 509 )
100 pts HaO at 13° dissolve 2 86 pts BaO
47° * 13 3
70° 17 9

(Osann)

100 pts H2O dissolve pts BaO at t°

(Dalton )

Sp gr of Ba02H2+Aq at 18° containing
125% Ba02H2 = 10120, containing 25% =
1 0253 (Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879, 6 41 )

Sp gr of Ba02H2+Aq at 80°

Sp gr

%
BaO2Ha
by
volume

%
BaOaHa
by
weight

Sp gr

%
BaOaHa
by
volume

%
BaOsHa

by
weight

1 514

58 22

38 45

1 219

24 53

20 12

1 500

56 31

37 54

1 200

23 00

19 17

1 479

54 14

36 60

1 195

22 15

18 53

1 458

49 38

33 87

1 174

19 83

16 89

1 450

48 90

33 72

1 152

17 78

15 43

1 413

45 99

32 55

1 129

16 01

14 18

1 400

45 00

32 14

1 125

15 80

14 04

1 390

44 22

31 81

1 114

14 56

13 07

1 375

42 40

30 84

1 100

13 06

11 87

1 368

41 45

30 30

1 076

10 58

9 83

1 350

38 60

28 59

1 062

9 16

8 62

1 338

37 30

27 88

1 049

7 55

7 20

1 312

35 02

26 09

1 040

(> 51

6 26

1 301

34 02

26 13

1 (Ml

5 18

5 02

1 278

31 48

24 67

1 022

4 78

4 67

1 249

28 14

22 52

1 015

3 90

3 84

1 236

26 41

21 36

1 009

3 37

3 34

(Haff, C N 1902, 86 284 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin. Am Ch
J 1898, 20 827 )

More sol in NaCl+Aq, KN03+Aq, or
NaN03+Aq than in H2O (Kaisttn )

Not precipitated by alcohol

88

BARIUM HYDROXIDE

Sol with combination in absolute alcoho]
and anhydrous methyl alcohol Insol in
ether

B-pt ofBaO2H28H2O+Aq,etc— C fanned

Bpt

Time

9 laO

Insol in acetone
4329, Eidmann, C

(Naumann, B 1904,37
C 1899,11 1014)

108
108 5

12'

5 49
5 74

Solubility in acetone +Aq at 25°

109

13'

6 44

A = cc acetone in, 100 cc

acetone +Aq

109

17' 40"

6 65

BaO2H2 _ 11iTTi

>ls BaO2H2 in 100 cc of

108
105

17' 50"
18'

6 53
6 51

2

the solution

100

18' 45"

6 17

S=sp gr of the solution

(Bauer, Z anorg 1905, 47 40 )

A

2

S

Solubility in Ba(N08)2+Aq at >°
Solution sat with respect to both ] (NO 3) 2

0

55 08

1 04790

and BaO2H2, 8H20

10

31 84

1 01677

"R O

20

17 79

0 99268

Sp gr 25°/25°

jfaCOHh m

g Ba [03)2 in

•J f\f\ TT f\

30

9 10

0 97630

100 g H20

AUU JdLaU

40
50

4 75
1 54

0 95605
0 93980

1 1448

5 02

1 48

60

0 48

0 91790

1 1371

4 93

1 21

70

0 08

0 89562

1 1288

4 S3

66

1 1220

4 72

55

(Herz, 1 anorg 1904, 41 321 )

JL J.JtJ£l\J

1 1133

4 72

VU

01

BaO2H2 is sol in an aqueous solution of
cane sugar (Hunton, Phil Mag (3) 11 156),
also in an aqueous sol of manmte (Favre, A
ch (3) 11 76), sorbme (Pelouze), hot solu-
tion of quercite, separating on cooling (Des-

1 1062
1 1044
1 1010
1 0975
1 0949
1 0937

4 65
4 61
4 64
4 60
4 55
4 54

' 82
• 55
08
66
46
32

saignes)
-j-3H20 Decomp by H 0 free from car-
bonic acid SI sol in alcohol and ether
(Bauer 2? anorg 1905, 47, 416 )
Solubility in H20 the same as that of the
comp with 8H20 Insol in alcohol and ether
(Bauer, Zeit angew Ch 1903, 17 341 )
M* Nearly msol in alcohol and ether (Bauer,
Zeit angew Ch 1903, 16 349 )

1 0885
1 0864
1 0840
1 0790
1 0774
1 0731
1 0711
1 0651

1 OR9A

4 52
4 53
4 52
4 48
4 46
4 40
4 42
4 35

44
41
04
47
14
79
53
88

4-8H2O Sol in 20 pt& cold, and 3 pts
boiling H20 (Graham), 175 pts H2O at
15 5°, and in all proportions of hot H2O
(Hope ) Sol in 19 pts H O at 15°, and 2 pts

JL \j\j&\j

1 0640
1 0538
1 0512

4 35
4 29
4 29

45
43

at 100° (Wittstem )
If Ba02H2+SH20 is heated

it dissolves in

(Parsons and Coibon, J Yin Ch a Soc
1910, 32 1 5S5 )

the crystal H O ind the solution his the

following bpts

Solubility of Bi(OII) -j-SlI O (soli phase)

%BaO 49 05 50 05 52 43 53 72

in MCl+Aq (mol per htr< of >lution)

B-pt 103° 104° 105° 100°

at 25°

%BaO 55 35 57 49 58 74 <>1 44

Solution of

(U ) (< )

B-pt 107° 10S° 108 5° 109°

BaO2H2+3HjO separate*, it

109° (Bauer,

IiCl

0 0 >5

Zeit angew Ch 1903, 17 345

)

0 75 0 15
1 42 0 J7

B-pt of BaOsHsSHjO+tq

at 732 mm

2 30 1 {(>

Bpt

Time

' 0BaO

KCl

0 S(> 0 t5
i 7ri n »n

Bpt

Time

' 0BaO

78° (mpt )
78
103
104
105
106
107

0

4'
6' 30"
6' 45"

r 30"

9' 25"
10' 45"

48 45
48 45
49 05
50 05
52 43
53 72
55 35

BARIUM OXIDE

89

Solubility of BaO in NaOH-f Aq at 30°

Barium iodide, basic, Ba(OH)H-9H2O

%Na20

%BaO

Solid phase

See Barium oxyiodide

0

4 99

BaO ^HaO

Barium bismuth iodide, BaI2, 2BiI8+18H2O

4 78

1 29

Deliquescent, decomp by EUO (Lmau.

6 43

0 89

Pogg 111 240)

9 63

0 57

11 62

0 53

Barium cadmium iodide, BaI2, CdI2-j-5H20

17 87

0 47

Deliquescent (Croft )

23 28

1 06

24 63

1 87

BaO 9H2O-fBaO 4H20

Barium mercuric iodide, BaI2, 2HgI2

26 14

1 84

BaO 4H2O

Decomp by much H20 (Boullay )

27 72

1 75

(

BaI2, HgI2 Sol m H20 (Boufiay )

28 43
29 24

1 58
1 34

t
BaO 4H20+BaO 2H20

Sp gr of sat solution =3 575-3 588
(Rohrbach, W Ann 20 169 )

32 12
34 72
41 09

0 82
0 59
0 57

BaO 2H2O
tt

BaO 2H2O+NaOH H20

+5H20 (Dubom, C R 1906, 143 314 )
2BaI2, 3HgI2+16H20 (Dubom, C R
1906, 142 888 )

42

0

NaOH H20

BaI2, 5HgI2-h8H2O As the corresponding

(Schreinemakers, Z phys Ch 1909, 68 84 )

Ca salt (Dubom, C R 1906, 142 888 )
3BaI2, 5HgIo-f-21H20 Very deliquescent

50% alcohol dissolves less than 05% of

(Dubom, C R 1906, 142 889 )

its wt of Ba02H2+8H2O (Beckmatin, J
pr 1883, (2) 27 138 )

Barium stannous iodide

xr _ t . _ TIT /^\ ST\ . . 11 \

Barium su&iodide sodium iodide, Bal, Nal
Decomp by H2O (Guntz, C R 1903,
136 750)

Barium iodide, BaI2

Not deliquescent Very sol in H20 and
alcohol 100 pts of anhydrous salt dissolve
at 0° 19 5° 30° 40° 60° 90° 106°
in 59 48 44 43 41 37 35 pts H 0
(Kremers, Pogg 103 66 )

Sp gr of BaI2-f-Aq containing
5 10 15 20 25 30%BaI2

1 045 1 091 1 143 1 201 1 265 1 333

35 40 45 50 55 60%BaI2
1 412 1 495 1 596 1 704 1 825 1 970
(Kiemers, Pogg 111 6«3, calculated b> Gci-
Hch, Z anal 8 279 )

li/asily sol in alcohol (Homy )
SI sol in bcn/onitiiU (N uun urn, B
1914, 47 13(>9 )

bol m acetone (Nauin inn, B 190 J, 37
4428 fcidmmn, C C 1899,11 1014)

bol in methyl icctite (N" mm inn, B
1909, 42 $789 )

+2H2O At 15° C , 1 pt by weight in sol in

22 pts methyl alcohol tap %r 0 790

93 " " " i( 0 S0^5

307 " " " " ' 0 80S5

(Rohland, Z anoig Ib97, 15 41 3 )

+7H2O (Ihomson, B 10 1343)

The composition of the hydiatcs foimcd
by BaI2 at different dilutions is calculated
from determinations of the lowering of the
fr -pt produced by BaI2 and of the conduc-
tivity and sp gr of BaI2-f-Aq (Jones, Am
Ch J 1905, 34 306 )

(Ephraim,

(Boullay )

Barium zinc iodide, BaI2, 2ZnI2

Deliquescent, and sol in H20 (Rammels-
berg)

-f-4H20 Veiy hydioscopic
Z an.org 1910, 67 385 )

Barium nitride, Ba,aN

Decomp HaO violently ,
quennc, A ch (6) 29 219 )

BaNQ

See Banum azoimide

Barium oxide, BaO

Sol m H20 with evolution of boat

Easily sol m dil HN03, or lICl+Aq

Solubility in NaOH-fAq het Barium
hydroxide

Solubility in Na2O, HOI, + H,0 at 30°
(Schiun<makuM, Z phys Ch 1909,68 08)

holubihty m NiO, NaCl, Bad -f-Aq at
i()° (hchremernak( is )

Insol in liquid N1J < (Gore, Vm Ch J
1SOH, 20 827 )

Sol with Goinhm ition in ihsolutc alcohol
and inhydiouh wood-spint Insol in ( thei

1< asily sol in ibsolute methyl alcohol

1 1 xbaolutc ( Ihyl ilcohol sat with BaO at
<)° contains 21* S K BaO (I3< ithdot, Bull
hoc 8 iS())

Sol in mothyi ilcohol (Ncubcig and
Nomunn, Bioclit in Z 1()()(), 1 17 i)

in acctoire (Jhidmann, C C 1899,
II 1011, N uim inn, B 1CHH, 37 4429)

Insol m methyl leitik (Niumaun, B
1909,42 3790)

bee aho Barium hydroxide

Barium peroxide, BaO 2

Insol m H 0, decomp by boiling H O

90

BARIUM OXYBROMIDE

Sol in acids with formation of hydrogen
dioxide

Forms hydrate with 8H2O, also 10H20
(Berthelot. A ch (5) 21 157), also a com-
pound Ba02, H2O2, which is very unstable, si
sol in cold H20, and msol in alcohol or ether
(Schone, A 192 257 )

+8H2O 100 cc pure H2O dissolve 0 168
g Ba02+8H20, if H2O contains 03 g
Ba(OH)2+8H20, only 0 102 g Ba02+8H2O
are dissolved, if 06 g Ba(OH)2+8H20 only
0 019 g Ba02+8H2O are dissolved (Schone
A 1878, 192 266 )

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329 )

Banum oxybromide, Ba(OH)Br+2H20
Decomp by H20 (Beckmann, J pr (2)

27 132)
BaBr2,BaO+5H20 SI sol mH20 (Tas-

silly, C R 1895, 120 1340 )

Barium oxychlonde, Ba(OH)Cl+2H20

Decomp by H20 (Beckmann, J pr (2)
26 388, 474 )

Banum mercury oxychlonde, BaCl2, HgO-f-

6H2O
Decomp byH2O (Andre*, C B 104 431 )

Banum oxyiodide, Ba(OH)I+9H20
Decomp by H2O and alcohol (Beckmann,

B 14 2154 )
BaI2,BaO+9H20 SI sol in H2O (Tas-

silly, C R 1895, 120 1340 )

Banum oxysulphides, Ba O4Sa+58H2O,

Ba2OS + 10H O, Ba4OS3+28H20
Very unstable, decomp by recrystalliza-
tion into BaS2H2 and BaO2H

Banum phosphide, BaP2

Decomp by H 0 (Dumas, A ch 32
364)

BaaP Crystallized Sol in dil icids,
msol in cone iuds,deromp by H 0 Insol
in organic solvents at ord temp (Idboin,
C It 1899, 129 765 )

Barium selenide, B iSc
Sol in H O with decomp
SI sol in HO (l<ivn,O H 102 1 1(><) )

Barium sihcide, B i Si

(Jungst, C C 1905, I 19r>)

BaSi Slowly docomp by HO, not by
NH4OH+ Vq llipidly decomp by com
NiOH Sol in HN03, II S()4 xnd H3PO4
with evolution of spontim ously infl unnidble
gas Sol in Hi1 ind HC1 Sol in xcctu uid
without evolution oi gas (MoibStn, 1 1 utc
ch mm 1904, III 680 )

Decomp lapully in both hot and cold II O
(Bradley, C N 1900, 82 150 )

Banum sulphide, BaS
Sol in H20 with decomp

Decomp by H20

Attacked by cold cone HNOa ( [ourlot,
A ch. 1899, (7) 17 521 )

Cryst modification is less readily cted on
by air and other reagents than the ai >rphous
modification, sol in fuse oxidizinj agents
(Mourlot, C R 1898, 126 645 )

+H20 (Neuberg and Neimann, ochem
Z 1906; 1 174 )

-|-6H20 Slowly sol in boiling P 3, with
decomp , insol in, but decomp b boiling
alcohol (Schone )

Banum sulphide, Ba4S7+25H20 (?)
Sol in H20 (Schone, Pogg 112 215 )

Banum tfnsulphide, BaS3

Sol in large amount of boili , H2O
(Schone, Pogg 112 215 )

Banum ieimsulphide, BaS4+HoO

Easily sol in H20, especially if h< , sol in
2 42 pts H20 at 15°, insol in CS2 o alcohol
(Schone, Pogg 112 224 )

+2H20 (Veley, Chem Soc 49 69 )

Banum pentasulphide,
Known only in solution

Barium mercuric sulphide, BaS, Hg£ -5H->0
Sol in H20 (Wagner, J pr 98 )

Barium nickel sulphide, BaS, 4NiS

Sol in warm cone HC1 (Belluc , C A
1909, 293 )

Banum stannic sulphide
S« Sulphostannate, barium

Barium uranyl sulphide, (>B iS, TO S-f

Dcoomp
124 150)

by lIGl-f V(j (llinul Pogg

Baryta
Sec Barium oxide, B i( )

Beryllium, Be

I oi bo \llium ind its silts, s( < C icmum
tnd tin ( <>n< spondmk silts

Bismuth, Bi

JSot itt uk(d l)\ II O \(i\ si \ly it-

id cd b^ HC 1+ \([ ( Iioost) \d si bol

n (one JICl-j-A<i (Sc liut/( nix i^ci, ^Villrn)

Mot itt ick(d 1>> dil IK H Aq (N i ict and

Jim lot) Vciv slo\vl> ittwk(d!>3 >ld HC1

-f Vq (GoddTroy) \( < oidiii^ to V( i careful

dinitnts ])uu Hi is ibsolutd> un tackod

jy hot 01 cold, dil 01 <om I1C1 + A except

n pic&onu of oxygen (Ditte and ctzner,
rh ((») 29 W)

\otittickodbydil II feO4+Aq ecomp

BISMUTH POTASSIUM CHLORIDE

91

by hot cone H2SO4 Easily sol in dil or
cone HNOs+Aq, or aqua regia

Not attacked by pure HN03+Aq of 1 52 to
1 42 sp gr at 20°, violently attacked by a
more dil acid, but the acid becomes concen-
trated thereby Cone HNOs+Aq attacks
only by heating or adding NOa (Millon, A
ch (3) 6 95 )

Insol in liquid NH8 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 827 )

1A ccm oleic acid dissolves 0 0091 g Bi in
6 days (Gates, J phys Chem 1911, 15
143)

Bismuth arsenide, Bi3As4
(Descamp, C R 86 1065 )

Bismuth cfobromide, Bi2Br4

Not known in a pure state (Weber, Pogg
107 599)

Bismuth Znbromide, BiBr3

Very deliquescent Decomp byH20 Sol
in alcohol or ether

Sol m AlBrs (Isbekow, 1 anorg 1913,
84 27)

Bismuth hydrogen bromide, BiBr8, 2HBr+
4H20

Deliquescent

Decomp in the air (Aloy, Bull Soc 1906,
(3) 35 398 )

Bismuth caesium bromide, 2BiBi 3, SCsBr

Ppt In&ol inHBr

feol in HC1 and in HNO3 (Hutchins, J
\m Chem feoc 1907, 29 33 )

Bismuth potassium bromide, BiBi3,2J\Bi

Decomp by II O (Aloy, Bull Soc 1900,
(3) 35 *9S )

Bismuth bromide ammonia, BiBi j, ,

Sol in HCl+Aq

BiBi,, 2NIE-, (>)

2 filial ,, 5Nir< Not deliquescent, not ele>-
coirip by HO, < isily sol in dil n,ei<Is
(Mun, ( IK in hoe 29 144 j

Bismuth bromide potassium chloride,

K BiGl.Hi + 11 >II 0
Deromp Jry IIO ( \tkinson, ( IK in Sue
43 2M) )

Bismuth r//chlonde, lii C114

Vei\ (IduiiK s( (lit Decomp by II O till
Kids, 01 <on< NH401-f-\q (\\elxi, I'nKK
107 5()(> )

Bismuth /^chloride, BiCl3

D(hqucs((nt Dceomp by II O feol in
dil HCl+'Yq, in<l ilcohol Not dc romp by
II O in pie seme of ntratcs (Spilla )

0 08 g sol in 100 ccm liquid H2S (An-
tony, C C 1905, I 1692 )

Moderately sol in liquid NHs (Gore, Am
Ch J 1898,20 827)

1 g Bids is sol in 5 59 g acetone at 18°
Sp gr of sat solution 18°/4°= 09194 (Nau-
mann, B 1904, 37 4331 )

Sol m acetone and in methylal (Eidmanny
C C 1899,11 1014)

Sol in benzomtrile (Naumann, B 1914,
47 1369)

Sol in ethyl acetate (Naumann. B 1910,
43 314)

1 pt is sol m 60 36 pts ethyl acetate at
18° Sp gr at 18°/40°« 09106 (Naumann,
B 1910, 43 320 )

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

Bismuth chloride, Bi8Cl8 (?)

Decomp by H2O (DeheVain, C R 64
724)

Bismuth hydrogen chloride, 2BiCl3, HC1+
3H20

Not deliquescent Decomp by HaO
(Engel, C R 106 1797 )

BiCl3, 2HC1 (Jacquelain, A ch (2) 62
363)

Bismuth caesium chloride, BiCl8, SCsCl

Decomp byH/) SI sol m cold dil HCl-f-
Aq, but easily sol on warming (Bn0>h«™
Am Ch T 14 181 )

2BiCl8, 3CsCl As abovo (Bngham ;

BiClj, OCsCl Easily sol m H O and du
HCl+Aq (Godcffioy, B 8 9)

Do( s riot ( xist (Bnghain )

Bismuth hydrazme chloride, BiCl3,

iN IIJiGl

feol m icifls, fioin which it is pptd by II 0
(Luiatmi, C A 1912 1G13 )

Bismuth mtrosyl chloride, BiCl3, NOC1

V(iy cltli(iius(cnt D((onip b> 110
(SudboioiiRh, Chun So< 59 Gf>2 )

Bismuth potassium chloride, Bid,. KCl-f-
II O

I)((oiit|) by II () Cuinoi b( K(i\st ex-
cept lioin (OIK Iii( 1H ILC1 Dicoinp by
IK I f V<i into BiC I,, 2k( 1+211 O (Hii^
h un, Vin ( h J 14 1(>7 )

Hi< h Jk(1l I)((onn> l)\ IIO (\ipn<,
l''W 64 i7)

I)( liqu< s< ( nl

Sol in IIO \vith d(«)inp into tin o\y-
chloiuh \\}\d\ (\«MS IIO is used ( \lo>,
Bull Sor !<)()(), (>) 35 W7 )

+ J1I O l)((oinp by II O ( Jat <|iukin,
J pi 14 1)

Sol in jiKxhi i(< 1\ ( one IlCl-fVq

Bi( ld| iKCl Dccoinp by II O (Aippc )

Dot s not exist (Bnglum )

92

BISMUTH RUBIDIUM CHLORIDE

Bismuth rubidium chloride, BiCl3, RbCl-J-
E20
Decomp by H20, sol m dil HCl+Aq,
from which Bids, SRbCl crystallizes (Bng-
ham, Am Ch J 14 174 )
BiCl8, 3RbCl Decomp by H20, sol in dil
HCl-hAq without decomp (Bngham )
Bids, 6RbCl Decomp by H20, sol in
HCl+Aq (Godeffroy, B 8 9), does not exist
(Bngham )
lOBiCls, 23RbCl (?) As above (Brig-
ham )

Bismuth sodium chloride, BiCl8, 2NaCl+
H20
+3H20 Decomp by H20 (Arppe,Pogg
64 237)
BiCl8, 3NaCl

Bismuth thaUous chlonde, Bids, 3T1C1
Ppt (Ephraim, Z anorg 1909, 61 254 )
BiCl8, 6T1C1 Ppt (Ephraim )

Bismuth chlonde ammonia, 2BiCl3, NH3
Stable (Deherain, C R 64 724 )
BiCls, 2NHS (D )
Bids, 3NH3 (D )

Bismuth chloride nitric oxide, BiCl3, NO
Very hygroscopic (Thomas, C R 1895,
121 129)

Solubility of freshly pptd Bi(OH) in
NaOH+Aq

g NaOH per 1

g Bi dissolved
perl at 20°

g Bi dn >lved
per 1 a L00°

400
320
240
200
160
120
80
40
20

0 16
0 11
0 11
0 10
0 08
0 07
0 04
trace
0

1 i

1 '<

0 '
0 '

0

0 5
0 ]

(Moser, Z anorg 1909, 61 386
Solubility of freshly pptd Bi(OH) n

KOH per 1 g

g Bi dissolved
perl at 20°

g Bi dia Ived
per 1 ai 00°

560
448
336
280
224
168
112
56
28

0 14
0 11
0 11
0 10
0 08
0 06
0 03
trace
0

1 6

1 2

0 £
0 5

0 3
0 2
0 1

(Moser, Z anorg 1909, 61 386

Bismuft. chlonde nitrogen peroxide, BiCl3,

N02

Decomp by moist air, but stable in dry air
(Thomas, C R 1896, 122 612 )

Bismuth chloride selemde
See Bismuth selenochlonde

Bismuth ^fluoride, BiF3

Insol in H2O or alcohol (Gott and Muir,
Chem Soc 63 138)

Insol in liquid NH8 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 827 )

Bismuth hydrogen fluoride, BiL 3, 3HF

Deliquescent Decomp by boiling H O
(Muir, Chem Soc 39 21 )

Bismuth gold, Au3Bi

Insol in equal pts of HNO3 and taitoric
acids (Roessler, Z anorg 1895, 9 71 )

Bismuthous hydroxide, Bi(OH)3

Sol in strong acids lasol in solutions of
alkalies, alkali carbonates, (NH4)2C03, or
NH4N03; or of amyl anime (Wurtz) When
recently pptd is sol m NH4Cl-fAq, but
insol in NEWTOa+Aq (Brett, 1837) Not
pptd in presence of Na citrates (Spiller)

Bi203, 2H20

Bi203, H2O (Muir, Chem Soc 32 31 )

See also Bismuth fnoxide

Bismuth ie/mhydroxide, Bi204, H O

Bi O4, 2H20 (Wermcke, Pogg 141 109 )

Bismuthic hydroxide (Bismuthic acid), i2O6,
H2O

Insol in H20, easily decomp by cids

(Fremy, A ch ( 3) 12 495 ) Dec on by

H2SO4, not attacked by SO +Aq, i ithcr

dissolved noi decomp by dil IINOj-f \ , but

slowly convcitccl into in allotiopic nir ifica-

tion (') Paitiolly dceom]) by com 1 NO3

Slowly but wholly dibsolvcd by hot one

HN03 SI sol in cone KOH+Aq (A :>pe )

bol in xboutlOOpts boiling KOH -f- q, so

cone th it it solidifies on K moving the imp
(Muir, Chem boo 51 77 )

BijO,,, 2IIjO (Bodtkoi, A 123 <>l )

Does not exist (HofTrn inn ind G< i tiei )

Bismuth iodide, BiI3

Not attacked by cold H O, but by b ling.

BiOI is lormed 100 ptb absolute a ohol

dissolve 3 1A Pts salt at 20° (Gott and luir,
Chem Soc 57 138)

Sol in HN03, and Hl-f Aq, from wl ch it

is repptd by H2O or alcohol Sol in K f Aq
or KOH+Aq (Rammelsberg )

BISMUTH OXIDE

93

SI sol m liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 827 )

100 g absolute alcohol dissolve 3 5 g BiI8
at 20° (Gott and Mmr, Chem Soc 57 138)

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4328)

100 pts methylene iodide dissolve 0 15 pt
BiI8 at 12°, and very little more at higher
temperatures (Retgers, Z anorg 3 343 )

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)

Bismuth hydrogen iodide, Bils, HI+4H20
(Arppe, Pogg 44 248 )

Bismuth caesium iodide, 3CsI,2BiI3

Very si sol in H20 (WeUs, Am J Sci
1897, (4) 3 464 )

Bismuth calcium iodide, 2BiI8, CaI2+18H20
Deliquescent, decomp by*H2O (Linau,
Pogg 111 240)

Bismuth magnesium iodide, 2BiIs, Mgla-f-

12H20

Deliquescent, decomp by H2O (Linau,
Pogg 111 240)

Bismuth potassium iodide, Bils, 4KI
Ppt (Arppe, Pogg 44 237 )
Bils, SKI (Astre, C R 110 1137 )
BiI8, 2KI Sol in acetic ether (Astre )
+4H20 Sol in small amt H2O without

pptn , but decomp by much H2O
BiI8, 2KI, HI (Arppe )
2BiI8, 3KI+2H O (Astre)
BiI8,KI+H2O Decomp by H20 (Nicklfcs,

C R 61 1097)
2BiI3, KI Sol m acetic ether (Astre )

Bismuth sodium iodide, BiI3, Nal+H O
Deliquescent, dooomp by H/) (Nickl<s;

C R 51 1097)
2BiI-,, 3Nil-H3FIO As above (I mm,

Pogg 111 240)

Bismuth zinc iodide, 2BiI3, /nI2-fl2H 0
Vciy deliquesce nt f J miu, Pogg 111 240)

Bismuth iodide ammonia?, BiI3,
Duonip b\ HO

Bismuth iodide zinc bromide

Sol in II O (I in ui, POKK 111 2-JO )

Bismuth nitride

F\plosiv< (Iisdui,B 1910,43 1471)
BiN Pj)t D«omp by H^O 01 dil Kids

(Fiinklin, J Vin Chem Sot 1905,27 847)

Bismuth c^oxide, Hi 02

Sol m cone HN03+Aq Decomp !>}
strong acids, ind boiling KOH+Aq

Decomp by H/) (linatar, Z anoig
1901, 27 438 )

Bismuth inoxide, Bi2O8
Insol m H20 Sol in cone acids
Solubility of Bi208 in HNO8-f Aq at 20°

In 100 g of the

liquid phase

Sokd phase

g BiaOs

g N206

0 321

0 963

Bi208 N206 2H2O

0 337

0 982

(C

3 54

4 68

It

6 37

7 17

K

13 67

12 50

((

14 85

13 31

({

18 74

15 90

Bi208 N206 H2O

23 50

19 21

tt

23 50

19 29

t(

27 15

20 96

tt

28 11

21 64

et

29 50

22 53

tt

30 19

22 90

t(

31 48

23 70

tt

32 93

24 83

jBijOe N205 H*0+

32 80

24 86

1 Bi208 3N206 10H20

32 67

24 70

Bi208 3N208 10H20

32 59

24 60

K

32 24

24 68

tt

30 74

25 13

tt

29 83

25 30

tt

24 16

28 25

tt

16 62

35 40

tt

12 17

43 37

it

11 66

46 62

tt

11 19

49 38

tt

11 19

50 20

it

15 20

54 66

tt

20 76

53 75

t<

27 85

51 02

fBi208 3N206 10H2O-f
i BuO, SN205 3H2O ,

8 58

bS 2S

BijO3 3N Ofi 3H O

4 05

74 90

tt

(ftuttdi, Z xnorg 1902, 30 380 )

•Solubility of Bi Od in IINOS4- \q it t°

t

t lii Oa

' NO:

Solid pli isi

9°

20 S

17 1

BiO, N0r HO

21 02

1<) 1

U <><)

2i S

fliiO, N (>f 11 0 +

*1 2

2> <)

[Ui o« mo; ion o

W°

H 2

2(i r)

a

2S 2

20 (>

lii 0, W Oi 1011 O

1(> 1

17 7

(>r)°

r> r)r>

7 11

l^i O, N 0 II 0

27 >2

22 )()

10 SO

*J (>0

Hi 0, NOr II 0-fBi Oj

iN Of ioir o

57 S2

,r> SO

Hi O, iN <>r 10JI O

>r> 7i

17 02

[HI o, m Of 101 [ o+

IKiOa 3N06 ^11 0

4 59

77 90

Hi Oj 5NO6 JIIO

(Rut ten)

BISMUTH OXIDE

Solubility of Bi208 in HN03+Aq at t°

ismuth phosphide, BiP

t°

%BuO»

%NsOfi Solid phase

(Cavazzi )

72°
75°
80°

37 23
36 74
39 75

47 76
47 91
45 16

BisOs SNaOs 4HaO
tt

tt

ismuth tfnselemde, Bi2Ses
In$ol in H20, alkahes, or alkali si
-Aq, si attacked by HCl+Aq, oxic
HNOa-fAq (Schneider, Pogg 94 6

phides
ed by

9°

31 2

23 9

BisOs SN^Os 10HaO +

Mm Frenzehte

20°
30°

32 8
34 2

24 8
26 4

Bi2O3 NsOs HaO
n

ismuth potassium selemde

50°

36 9

28 9

tt

See Selenobismutiute, potassium

64°

ARO

40 6

4.H R

31 1

^1 R

tt
tt

Bismuth selenochlonde, BiSeCl

U<J

75 5°

*±v/ o
45 4

OJL U

34 6

tt

Not attacked by H20, very si sol i

HC1+

72°

TtCl T.

45 9

35 6

tt

Aq, easily and completely sol with
nHNO8 + Aq (Schneider )

comp

11 5°

20°

25 36
27 85

52 57
51 02

\ BisOa SNaOs 10HO +
j BisOj SNaOs 3H O

Bismuth dtsulphide, Bi2S2-f-2H20 (?)
Insol mH20 Decomp by HCH

^q

50°
65°

32 22
35 73

49 29
47 02

tt

tt

Bismuth frtsulpjude, Bi2S3

Tnanl 111 TT«O

(Rutten )

JLIloUI JLJJ. JLL2V/

1 1 H2O dissolves 0 35 x 10-6 mo

3 Bi2S8

Solubility in NaOH+Aq at 25°

at 18° (Weigel, Z phys Ch 1907,
Easily sol in moderately dil HIS
and cone HCl+Aq, with separati

1 294)
»8+Aq,
i of 8

Cone of VaOH g BuOs m 100 cc of solution
Mol/1 Mean result

Insol in alkahes, alkah sulphides,
or KCN-f-Aq, msol in NH4C1, or Nl

a2S208,

tN08+
•K

10 0 0013*0 0002
20 0 0026*0 0002
3 0 0 0049*0 0005

Aq (Brett) Insol in potassium th]
ate4-Aq (Rosenbladt, Z anal 26
Insol in alkali hydroxides or alka
sulphides

arbon-

O
hydro-

(Knov, Chun Soc 1909,96 1767)

Insol in 2N-(NH4)sS+Aq
0 0090 g Bi2S3 is sol in 100 cc N

^a2S2+

Aq at 25° (Knox, Chem Soc

09, 95

Ixisol in acetone (Rdmum, C C 1899,

1764 ) ,

II 1011)

Somewhat sol in Na2fe+Aq -

cc of

Mm Ummte Ivisily sol mHNO3-f \q

Ni S-f-Aq (sp gr 1 06) dibbolve ai

amt of

ha aho Bismuthous hydroxide

Bi b3 correbponding to 0 031 g Bi20
in m, J A.III Chem boc 1S96, 18 b

(Still-
)

Bismuth /f/roxide, Hi Oj

S/>1 in cone HCl-f \q, \\itli e \olution of
Cl,ino\\^<n uiels \\ith < \olution of () less
( isih sol m «>ne H S<>i thin in HNOj, <>i
HCl-h\(j

Bismuth oxide, liiiO, ( ')
( HolTm inn unl ( ( utht i J

Bismuth j>< ///oxide, Hi <>

Sol in <hl i< i<K CoinhiiKs \Mth HO <<
fnim lusnmtliK h\(tio\i<l< \vln<lisi( ( H is<
bio. k B 20 21 i J

Bismuth oxybromide, « tr
SM Bismuthyl bromide, < t<

Bismuth palladium, IMUi

Ins >l in MIUI) pts HN<> mil 1 nt un u id'
(H<Mssh r / inoin: IV) >, 9 70 )

Bismuth platinum, PtBi

Insnl ( qu il ]){s Il\() nul t lit n n K 1<1
iltiHsslii / Uioitf 1S(») 9 <>'» )

Solubility in Nd2S + N iOH+Aq 25

C )!!< ()f Nsi S

Mol /I

Com oi N i()II

Mol/1

k lii S i 100 cc
of tition

0 r>
1 0

1 0
1 0

0 18r)
() ->SS

(Knox, Cluin Sex !<)()<), 95 1

Bismuth sulphide pptel from K i
. i not dissolve el b> subse que nt tie iti
K S-f \q (Stone , I \m ( he in >
18 lO^l )

Sol in K Sf Vq (I)itte, C K
1ST)

Solubiht> in K S+KOH-f-Aq it

solution
nt with
< 1S96,

()5, 120

( * i» 1 K s

M 1 /I

Coin ot KOH
M >1 /I

l lii in 100 re
< t lution

0 r)
1 0
1 Jl

1 0
1 0
1 25

0 )24()
0 12^0
0 M54

(Kno\, Chcni Soc 1<K)<), 95 ()3 )

BISMUTHYL FLUORIDE

95

Solubility in alkali sulphides +Aq at 25°

Alkali
sulphide

Cone of alkali
sulphide Mol /I

g BiaSa in 100 cc
of solution

Na2S

0 5
1 0
1 5

0 0040
0 0238
0 1023

K2S

0 5
1 0
1 25

0 0042
0 0337
0 0639

(Knox, Chem Soc 1909, 95 1762 )

Decomp byFeCl3+Aq (Cammerer. C C
1891, II 525 )

Insol in KCN+Aq (Hoffmann. A 1884.
223 134)

Mm Bismuthvni'e Easily sol in HN08+
Aq

Bismuth cuprous sulphide, Bi2S3,

Insol in H2O Sol with decomp in HNO8
+Aq (Schneider, J pr (2) 40 564 )

Mm Emplectomte

Bismuth potassium sulphide, Bi2S3, K2S

(Schneider, Pogg 136 460 )

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann. B
1910, 43 314 )

Bi2S3,4K2S+4H20 Decomp by H2O
Very sol in K2S-|-Aq Efnoiescent in dry
air (Ditte, C R 1895A 120 186 )

See also Striphobismuthite, potassium

Bismuth silver sulphide, Bi S3, Ag2S

Insol in cold HC1, or HN03 Sol in warm

HNO3 with separation of S, in boiling HC1

*vith separation of H2S

Mm Plenargynte, Matildite
(Schneider, J pr 1890, (2) 41 414 )

Bismuth sodium sulphide, Bi S3, Na2S
(bchneidu )

Bismuth sulphide tellunde, Bi2S3, 2BioTe3
Mm Tctradymite Sol in HNO3 with sepa

i \tion of S
Bi S2, 2Bi 1 c

Mm Joscite As above

Bismuth sulphobromide, BiSBia

(Mini uiclL' i^Us, Chun Six 1895,67 91)

Bismuth sulphochlonde, BiSCl

Iribol in HO oi (hi HCl+Vq Sol m
cone HC1, or HNOj-|-Aq Dtcomp by
dkihes-f\q (Sehnoidu, Pogg 93 404)

Bismuth sulphoiodide, BiSl

Not att \ckcd by boiling H20, and dil leidh
Decomp by hot cone HCl+Aq, and HNO3 +
Aq KOH-f Aq dibsolvtb out I (Schneidei,
Pogg 110 114)

Bismuth teUunde, Bi2Te3
Mm Tetradymite Sol in EN03-}-Aq
See also Bismuth sulphide tellunde

Bismuthic acid, HBiOs
See Bismuthic hydroxide

Potassium bismuthate, KBi03

Sol in H20 (Arppe )

KH(Bi03)2 Insol inHoO

Not decomp by boiling H20 (Andre\ C
R 113 860)

No salts of HBiOs can exist (Muir and
Carnegie, Chem Soc 61 77 )

Bismuthicotungstic acid

Ammonium bismuthicotungstate, 3(NH4)20,

2Bi208, 11W03+10H20
A yellow oil which dries to a yellow glass
(E F Smith, J Am Chem Soc 1903, 25
1232 )

Potassium bismuthicotungstate, 3K2O,

2Bi203,llW08-fl5H2O
A yellow oil which dried to a pale yellow
.ass (E F Smith, J Am Chem Soc 1903,
' 1233)

Strontium bismuthicotungstate, 3SrO,

2Bi203,llW03-f-llH,O
A yellow wax, insol in pure H20, but sol
m H2O containing a few drops HNO
F Smith, J Am Chem Soc 1903, 25

Bismuthyl bromide, BiOBr

Insol in HoO, sol in moderately cone
HBr+Aq

Insol m H2O (Herz, Z anorg 1903, 36
348)

BisOgBre Insol in HaO, easily sol m
cone HC1, or HNO3-f Aq, less sol in dil
HNO3+Aq

BinOi3Br7 As the preceding comp
(Muir )

Bismuthyl chloride, BiOCl

In&ol in H2O or dil acids Sol in cone
HC1, orHNO,+Aq

Insol in liquid NH3 (Fianklin, Am Ch J
1898, 20 827 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329)

4-H 0 (Hemtz, Pogg 63 55 )

+3H20 (Phillips, Bi Arch (1) 39 41 )

Bi7O9Cl3 (Arppe )

Bi02Clj Insol m H20, sol in hot HC1, or
HNOs+Aq (Muir)

Bismuthyl fluoride, BiOl

Insol in H2O, sol m HC1, HBr, or HI-fAq
(Gott and Muir, Chem Soc 33 139 )

BiOF, 2H* Insol in H20

BISMUTHYL IODIDE

Bismuthyl iodide, BiOI

Not decomp by H^O or alkaline solutions
Sol in HCl+Aq Decomp by HNO3+Aq
(Schneider, J jpr 79 424 )

Insol in KC1, or KI+Aq

3BiOI,7Bi203 Sol in dil HC1, decomp
by HNQs, insol in boiling HaO and alkali
(Blyth, C N 1896, 74 200 )

BiI8, 5Bi2O8 Ppt SI sol in HC2H802+
Aq Not decomp by H2O (Fletcher and
Cooper, Pharm J (3) 13 254 )

4BiI8, 5Bi208 Easily sol in HCl+Aq
Decomp by HNOs+Aq SI attacked by
HzSO4, somewhat sol in HaCJBUOe, and
KHCJHUOe-fAq

Sol m (NH4)2S, and KOH+Aq (Storer's
Diet)

Bismuthyl sulphide, Bi6O8S

(Hermann, J pr 75 452 )

Bi3OjS Insol in H2O (Scherpenberg,
C C 1889, II 641 )

Or, sat aqueous solution contains ai -

19°
25°
37 5°
50°
t>2 5°
75°
87 5°
100°

3 75%H8B08

6 27 '

7 32'

8 96 '
14 04'
17 44 '
21 95
25 17 '

(Brandes and Firnhaber, Arcli Phar
1 litre H20 dissolves at —

7 50)

0°

19 47 g HsBOj

29 20 "

39 92 "

69 91 «
114 16 "
168 15 "
291 16 "

20°
40°
62°
80°
102L
(Ditte, C R 85 1069 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 0 901 mol H8B<
(Herz, 2 anorg 1910, 66 359 )

at 25°

J51iUsO

Mm Karehmtc

Boracic acid
bee Bone acid

Borax

&et 1 elaborate, sodium

Bone acid, anhydrous, B20a
Set Boron Jnoxide

Metabolic acid, HBO
Sol in II O
81 s>ol in hot glacial \cetic acid (Holt,
Chem Soc 1011,100 (2)720)

Ortho'bonc acid, H3BO3

*M 1 in ->* pt II () ill 10°
_ > .0

•; 100

(1 r/t lni )

S, 1 in JO pt II 0 it IS " ) (Mil
100 p« Ho »t 100 h I\t 2 pt <l rr Did )

1 pt e l\st llll/nl iCld <hssol\< s III -

2t oh pfs HO it 1M

n ss j)°

U (H) .7 »n
10 Ih )0
(i 12 t»J )
17 TJ°
^ > i S7 )
J <)7 ' ' KM)
Or, KM) pN II O dissohc it -
I<> ) <* pts JI ,H(){

i() ' 'is*
<>J > K> 0 '
7) -'1 0

1 1 H20 dissolves 0 898 mol H8B< at 25°
Sp gr of the solution -10168 (IN iller, Z
phys Ch 1907, 57 529 )
1 1 H20 dissolves 0 887 mol H8B , at 25°
and 1 025 mol at 30° (Ageno ai I Valla,
1st Ven (VIII) 14 II, 331 )

Solubility in H2O at t°

t g HaBOg in 100 g of

the lution

0 2 59
12 2 3 G9
21 4 90

A b 44
40 S 02
oO 10 35
00 12 90
h9 5 n r>S
SO J<> 11
90 J> «)
9<) ') JS 10
10S >(> 7

n > r> o

[20 >J i

(N isnu UK \^< no, / pli>s ( li )09, 69
IS )

Siolul>ilit\ (inv< ioi oithohoiK K i<l in
HO it vinous itiup up to 1JO (Nnsini
uid \MIIO, Cia// cli it 1()11,41 ( (131

sj M t Hi ( ) 1 \ i 11 it s lOlt ( nth n A
24 _ll i
sp j.i t H iliOi |- \ MI it I I 0-1S lollu T
I i 90 1 " )

Sp Ki oi Jl.IiOj-f \(] at 1 )

HaHo sp M 11,1 n

J-r

I 1 (K)>4 i
J 1 0000 Sit sol
3 1 0100

0147
015

KM)

i4 0

BORIC ACID

97

Sp gr of

%H3B03 (

Sp gr ]
(Boc

Volatile \
More sol
Sol in war:
Aq
Solubility

H3B03+Aq at 18°
) 776 1 92 2 88 3 612
L 0029 1 0073 1 0109 1 0131
k, W Ann 1887, 30 638 )

vith steam
in dil HCl+Aq than in H20
tn cone H2S04j HCI, or HNO3-f-

r in HCl+Aq at 25°

Solubility in KOH-f-Aq
See Borates, potassium
Solubihty in NaOH-f Aq
See Borates, sodium

Solubility in LiCl-f-Aq at 25°

Milhmols LiCl in
0 ccm of the solution

Milhmols HaBOs m 10 ccm
of the sat solution

7 1

10 3
22 3
37 2

9 01
8 13
7 65
6 42
5 02

Milhmols HCI m Millimois HsBOs in 10 ccm
10 ccm of the solution of the sat solution

9 01
70 7 69
13 7 6 66

(Herz, Z anorg 1910, 66 359 )
Solubihty in KCl-fAq at -25°

(Herz, Z anorg 1910, 66 359 )
Solubility of H3B03 in HCl+Aq at 16°

Milhmols KC1 in
10 ccm of the solution

Millimois HsBOj in 10 ccm
of the sat solution

Normality of HCI Normality of HsBOs

1 9
79
15 6
30 6

9 01
9 20
9 44
9 80

' 10 75

0
0
0
0

1

2

4
b

7
S
9

0 907
130 0 895
260 0 870
390 0 842
30 0 645
16 0 542
32 0 308
00 0 338
08 0 327
74 0 327
51 0 338

(Hera )
Solubility m RbCl+Aq at 25°

Milhmols RbCi in
10 ccm of the solutio n

Millunols HsBOs m 10 ccm
of the sat solution

14 0
25 3

9 01
9 66
10 60

(Herz, Z anoig 1902, 33 354 )
Solubility in HF+Aa at 26°

(Herz )
Solubility in NaCl-f Aq at 25°

(i)

Tiler of
H*

(3)
(2) Titer after (3)-(2)
J it< r after addition equals free
saturation \vith of bonc an&
HaBOi it -2(> mannitol

Milhmols NaCl in
10 ccm of the solution

Milhmols HsBOs in 10 ccm
of the sat solution

8 2
15 2
29 4

9 01
8 49
8 25
8 20

5 21n
2 SOu

1 bl 2 36 0 75
1 25(140?) 2 21 0 96(081?)

Ihc vihub 075 md 081 represent the

SUIUUIIIL V Ul *- JL<j*-»v r ^ j,n UJ.A^ v»v/A*«Jv ii ui t* uivo-ikj •_»*

fluorboric icid K suiting from the original
( ona ntration of HF-fAq

(AbcgK, Z xnoTg 1903, 35 145 )

Solubility of H )!*(), in icids+Aq at 26

\u«l

Nornuilitv of
(lu UK!

Nonnihty of HsBOi

H SO,

0 r>4S

0 74b

2 74

0 518

5 4S

0 312

S 7r)

0 092

IINOa

0 241

0 818

1 206

0 676

1 607

0 593

2 411

0 567

5 96

0 268

7 38

0 238

(Herz, Z anorg 1903, 34 205 )

(Herz )

Solubility in H20 is inci eased by presence
of KC1, KN03, K2S04, NaN03 and Na2SO4

In general the solubility in H2O is increased
by the presence of both electrolytes and non-
electrolytes (Bogdan, C C 1903, II 2 )

Lq (McLauchlan, Z anorg
(Franklin, Am Ch

Sol m borax -H
1903, 37 371 )

fel sol in liquid NH3
J 1898, 20 827 )

Unattacked and undissolved by liquid JN(_)2
(Frankland, Chem Soc 1901,79 1362)

Sol in 6 pts alcohol (Wittstem), 5 pts
boiling alcohol (Wenzel) Only traces dis-
solve in anhydrous ether (bchiff ) DO! in
100 pts ether i(Hager's Comm ) Sol in
several essential oils

1 1 H2O sat with amyl alcohol dissolves
08952 mol H3BO3 at 25° (Auerbach, Z
anorg 1903,37 357)

98

BOKIC ACID

Solubility of H8BOS in amyl alcohol H-Aq at t°
M=miUimolsH3BOsinll of H2O
A^millimols HSB08 in 1 1 of alcohol

Sp gr of amyl alcohol -f Aq sat with [3BO3

g water in 1 1 of alcohol +
Aq

d25°/4°

t°

M

A

32 481
35 465
37 339
42 479
45 175
45 636
47 883
51 461
52 043
59 270
63 179
64 254
66 403
66 624
68 253
69 211
75 610

0 82229
0 82324
0 82321
0 82392
0 82447
0 82456
0 82454
0 82527
0 82585
0 82699
0 82739
0 82779
0 82701
0 82670
0 82856
0 82884
0 82999( I

15°

607 2
589 3
589 0
586 0
427 4
425 8
289 1
894 0
372 0
371 8

176 4
177 4
177 1
173 4
127 6
127 0
84 9
264 0
110 0
110 8

25°

301 2
180 8
49 15
51 04
26 02

85 7
54 0
15 45
15 45
8 05

(Muller )

35°

146 3

44 27

(Muller, Z phys Ch 1907, 57 514 )

Solubility of H3B03 m amyl alcohol and NaCl+Aq at 25°

Water phase

Amyl alcohol phase

NaCl normality

mol HsBOs

Sp gr 25%°

1 1 contains

mol HaO

mol amyl aUohoI

mol

0 00

0 880

0 8296

4 10

S 39

0

0 945

0 866

0 8277

3 55

8 49

0

1 490

0 850

0 8268

3 27

8 54

0

1 865

0 844

0 8259

3 (H

S 5<>

0

2 355

0 833

0 8254

2 S<>

S 59

0

2 845

0 827

0 8247

2 62

S <>2

0

3 06

0 810

0 8241

2 M

S (>()

0

3 48

0 810

0 8240

2 12

S t>9

0

3 57

0 807

0 8236

2 15

S 70

0

4 01

0 801

0 8233

1 99

S 72

0

4 28

0 798

0 8229

1 7S

S 75

0

(Muller)

)40

Solubility in hydroxy-compounds-f- Vq it 21

Organic substance
added

Mol of organic sub
stance in 100 mol of
the mixture

Mol of boric ru id sol
in 1 1 of solution

Sp Kr <>f I In pun
rmvtui

sat \Mt 1 » >n<

Lactic acid

2 321

1 07

1 02)2

1 441

6 819

1 01

L 0722

1 )S(>

18 77

1 S(>

1 1405

i (>r>

36 33

2 OS

1 202 *

1 254

Glycerine

24 64

1 20S

1 1574

1 707

46 75

2 H2

1 2(>()

67 71

2 9<>

1 2*70

1 52t>

90 58

3 78

1 2531

1 710

BORIC ACID

99

Solubility in hydroxy-compounds, etc — Continued

Organic substance
added

Mol of organic sub
stance in 100 mol of
the mixture

Mol of bone acid sol
mil of solution

Sp gr of the pure
mixture

Sp gr of the mixture
sat with bone acid

Manmtol

0 790
0 810
0 945
1 585

1 007
1 015
1 029
1 136

1 0244
1 0288
1 0475

1 0425
1 0433

Bulcitol

0 065
0 130
0260

0 8876
0 9078
0 9360

0 9995
1 0018
1 0060

1 0686
1 0212
1 0260

(Muller )

Solubility of H3B03 in alcohols+Aq at 25°
M = Mol of alcohol in 100 mol of alcohol+Aq
H3B08=Mol ofHsBOainll of the solution
di-Sp gr of alcohol +Aq
d2 = Sp gr of alcohol H-Aq sat with H8B03

Alcohol added

M

HsB03

di

cl2

Methyl alcohol

11 74
28 64
36 02
43 95
52 31
100

0 895
1 012
1 098
1 161
1 307
2 900

0 7924

0 8904

Ethyl alcohol

8 996
22 28
44 46
55 62
79 89
88 10
99 26

0 829
0 800
0 729
0 700
0 893
1 105
1 527

0 7860

0 8353

n-Propyl ilcohol

23 66
53 63
S3 65
100

0 6437
0 4569
0 5776
0 961

0 9043
0 8231
0 8133
0 8010

0 9193
0 8570
0 8466
0 8297

i-Butyl ilcohol

0 70
2 15
2 IS
71 4

77 1
85 b
100

0 884
0 857
0 857
0 323
0 347
0 4212
0 6927

0 9923
0 9853
0 9855
0 8173
0 8133
0 80S1
0 7984

1 0124
0 0038
0 004b
0 8351
0 8220
0 8195
0 8172

i-Amyl alcohol

0 448
0 520
0 525 1
b7 2b
75 54
83 40
100

0 883
0 880
0 880
0 2584
0 2722
0 3190
0 5703

0 9943
0 99 ft
0 9931
0 82 x,
0 £183
0 8142
0 80b8

1 OH2
1 012")
1 0123
0 829 *
0 8253
0 822 ^
0 8220

i Water aat with alcohol

^ Alcohol sat w tfrh water

(Muller )

100

BORIC ACID

Easily sol in acetone (Krug and M'Elroy,
J \nal Ch 6 184 )

Solubility m acetone H-Aq at 20°
\ = ccm acetone in 100 ccm acetone-fAq
HsBOs=milhmols H3BO3 in 100 ccm of
the solution

0
20
30
40
50
60
70
SO
100

HsBOa

79 15

81 71
83 35

82 74
81 61
76 40
67 62
55 05

8 06

{Herz, Z anorg 1Q04, 41 319)

100 g puro anhydrous ether dissolve 0 00775

K H3B05
100 g ether sat \\ith H>O dissolve 02391 g

H8BOs

(J V Robe, Dissert 1902 )

Sol in 10 pts glycume (Hager )

100 pts ghtenm (sp gr 1 26 at 15 5°)
dissolve pts H-jBO-j at t°

Pi*

Pts

Pts

1°

HaBOa

t°

HaBOs

t°

HaBOa

0

20

40

3S

80

61

10

24

50

44

90

67

20

2S

(>0

50

100

72

*0

**

70

5(>

(Hoopu Ph J li ins (*) 13 25S )

SolulnhU of HtB<>» in gl\ < ( i mi + \q it 25°
(,—g; ghuniK in 100 K gl\ < c rnu -|- \q
H,BO,-MillimoIs HiBO, in !()()(( of the

0

7 15

20 H

K 0,

tS 7

*>0 2
100

NO! ifulm of H BO in

11

00 1

00 1

00 (>

<>J 0

0170
(H70

OS07

\ 1 1
\<itit

thf

Solubility of H3BO3, etc —Conknut

Acid

Normality of
the acid

Normality of

Tartanc

0 955
1 909
2 51
3 316

0 890
0 923
0 962
1 07

(Herz, Z anorg 1903, 34 206 )

The solubility of H3BO3 in H2O is me
by the presence of racemic acid

Milhmols racemic acid
m 10 ccm of the solvent

0
6 3

12 6
24 7

Milhmols boric £ d
in 10 ccm of the sc tion

9 01
9 86

10 46

11 65

(Herz, Z anorg 1911, 70 71 )

Solubility of H3BO8 in H20 is meres d by
the presence of tartaric acid

Millimols tartanc acid
in 10 ccm of the solvent

0

7 5
15
30

Milhmols boric a I in
10 ccm of the sol ion

9 01
10 00
10 70
12 07

(Herz, Z anorg 1911, 70 71 )
Solubility in oxalic acid+Aq at 25°

Milhmols oxalic dcid
in 10 ccm of tho solution

2 07
5 05

H 77

Milhmolb H^B< m 10
cc m of tho sit olution

9 01

0 05

10 SO

11 OS

(lid/, / morg 1010, 66 Oi )

Solubility in H^O is in(H is«l l)\ t
c n< c of in < i, a,« tone or pi opy 1 ilcoh< >1
dan, C C 1903, II 2 )

Re idily sol in hot |J K i il i< ( t K K K
Ch(m Soc 1011, 100 (2) 720)

Sol in 250 pts b( n/< IK ( II ig< i )

Solubilit> of H jBOj in in inniti H- \<

pi eb-
(BoK-

(Holt

it t°

solid

M7 0
1(H 0

11 W
1 iJS

1°

\\^ mo

in 1 1

^

ML Ml

ii i 1

140 J

1S71
2710

>^o

Muimili

o

HiHO.
0 SS7

40

M mint
()

I 0?5

i ) in (»K u

45 2(>S)

0 1
0 ^
0 4
0 5

0 051
1 015
1 (H9
1 071

0 1
0 2

0 4

I 05b
1 0%

i us

1 157

h(\ < t v

onnih s < f JI,IiC)3

0 <>

0 7
0 8

102
142

0 5
0 ()

0 7

I) 10-J
1 219

1 >^W

570
S5
70

0 SS7
0 53S
0 2bS

'

1 04 i
1 400
1 7S1

244
404
521

BORATE, AMMONIUM

101

Distribution between HF+Aq and amjl
alcohol at 25°
c=HF concentration (millimols)
a^HaBOs concentration in alcohol layer
expressed in millimols)
w — HgBOs concentration in water layer
'expressed in miUimoD

Solid phase manmte

t°

Mg mols mil

Manmte

HsBOa

25°

1 075
1 1424
1 259
1 265
1 354
1 409
1 536
1 781

0
0 2646
0 463
0 559
0 794
0 927
1 243
1 521

c

a

w

500

it
tc

250

tc
It
ft

125

(C

62«5

(C

14 3
19 2
25 3
114 3
30 1
37 0
56 8
108 0
39 0
47 2
52 8
96 0
30 4
39 4
65 (68?)
90 0

71 2
99 2
144 2
979 0
144 5
194 8
321 5
652 0
170 5
214 0
240 5
442 0
111 2
151 8
272 8
362 2

(Ageno and Valla, 1st Ven (VIII) 14 331 )

Distribution between H20 and amyl alcohol
at 25°

w = concentration of H3BOs in HoO layer
expressed in millimols
a = concentration of H3BOa in alcohol layer
expressed in millimols

w

a

(Abegg, Z anorg 1903, 35 131 )
See also Boron inoxide

Pyrdbonc (tetrabonc) acid, H2B407
Sol in H20
Sp gr of solutions of boric acid, cal<
as H <>B4O 7, containing —
63 1 27 1 91 2 54%H2B407
1 0034 1 0069 1 0106 1 0147 sp gr
Sat solution at 15° has sp gr 1 015 (Ger-
lach, Z anal 28 473 )
Insol in hot glacial acetic acid (Holt,
Chem Soc 1911, 100 (2) 720 )

265
196
159
126

87
75
64

8
5
6

9
2

6

76 6
59 5
47 5
37 1
33 2
22 7
19 76

(Abegg, Z anorg 1903, 35 130 )

Paitition of H^BOs between water and
nuvtuies of amyl alcohol and CSa

W = Milhmols H3BO, in 10 ccm of the
aqueous lay( i

G = Millimols HjBO< in 10 ccm of the
amyl alcohol — Cb2 i iyc i

C OlIJl ( lllOM Oi tll(
f)l\ ( MT mixtUK

C

W

\\,G

75% by vol amyl
ilcohol+2r>V( by
vol CS

0 145
0 275
0 429
0 589

0 624
1 19S
1 844
2 565

4 31
4 3b
4 30
4 45

50% by vol am>l
alcohol 4"
50' ( by vol CS

0 145
0 25()
0 3(>4
I) 555

0 7%
1 353
1 94b
2 Sb9

5 47
5 21
5 *4
5 22

25% by vol im>l
alcoholH-
75r/0 by vol CS2

0 085
0 175
0 264
0 384

0 fl<)9
1 467
2 165
3 129

S 24
8 40
8 12
8 14

(Hprz. 7j Elfikt.ro

nhom 1Q

10.16 8

70^

Borates

No borate is quite insol in H20, the alkali
borateb are veiy sol Ihe less sol borates are
easily decomp by H2O, the easily sol salts
are also decomp , but iesb quickly The less
aol boiateis are easily sol in H3BO3, HNO3,
etc Ihey art more sol in H^O containing
tartaric acid 01 potassium tartrate than in
pun H2() (bouberain ) Ihe noimal boiateb
of the alkalme-taithh aie bol to no mconbid
(i ible extent in. H 0 and rnoie leadily in hot,
thin m cold H 0 (Berzeluib, Pugg 34 568 )

\11 borites aie insol , 01 &l sol in alcohol

Aluminum borate, 2A1 0^, B Od

Mm Jeretnticwite

+3H20 Ppt (Robe, Pogg 91 452 )

3Al2Oj, B2O3 Crystallized Insol in
HNO3+Aq (Ebelmen, A eh (3) 33 62 )

3A1 Oi, 2B O»+7H O Ppt (Rose, I c )

Ammonium borate
The system

O3,H2O at bO° has

102

BORATE, AMMONIUM

been studied by Sborgi (Real Ac Line
1915 (5) 24 I, 1225 )
2(NH4)2O,4B203+5H20 (Sborgi )

Ammonium eftborate

Difficultly sol m acetone (Naumann, B
1904, 37 4328 )

Ammonium te/roborate, (NH4)2B4O7-h4H2O,
or perhaps NH4H(BO2)2+1^H2O

Sol in 12 pts cold H2O, decomp by heat
(Rammelsberg, Pogg 90 21 )

Sol m acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014)

+H20 (Arfvedson )

Ammonium octoborate, (NH^BsOia+BHaO
Sol m 8 pts cold, decomp by boiling H2O

(Rammelsberg, Pogg 90 21 }
+4H2O
Mm Lirdellente Sol m H20 with de-

comp

Ammonium defcaborate, (NHOaBioOw-f
6H20

Permanent Sol in H2O (Rammelsberg)
+8H2O (Atterberg, Bull Soc (2) 22
350)

Ammonium ctorfeA/aborate, (NH4)2Bi2Oi9+

9H2O

Sol in hot HjO (Bechi, Sill Am J (2)
17 129)

Ammonium perborate, NH4B03
h« Perborate, ammonium

Ammonium calcium borate, (NH4)sCaB4On
= CaB4O7~M(NH4)2O

(Ditt<, C R 96 1663 )
Ammonium magnesium borate

Sol in H (), detornp by boiling (Ram-
mdsbng, Pogg 49 451 )

Ammonium zinc borate, 4(NH4) B4O ,

(Ditt(, C H 96

Barium borate, H i ( B( >2)

Pl>t (Ouvi ud C R 1<)<K> 142 2S* )
+2H O ( \ttdhdK )
+4H 0 (Bcncdikt B 7 7(H )
Sol in 3 M) ptR 45' ( ilcohol

7,S(X) l 50

1 2 5,000 ' (>()

55,0(X) " 75

(Be iK, A m*l 16 25)

4-lOH (> Si sol in cold, moH r< idily in
hot H <>, (sp«nll> in pnscmc of urnnoniuin
Milts (Bd/fhus, Pogs 34 5()S ) bol in
sodium <itritf-h\q (SpiJld ) Jnsol in
\\(xxl spnit (>b( line n )

JBiOBO, D(comp by H^O foiming
Bt(), B,(),-h4H 0 (Onvrird, C R 1906,
142 JS i )

3BaO, B20s Easily sol in mineral ids
SI attacked by dil acetic aad (Ou^ ard,
C R 1901, 132 258 )

BaB4O/ Slowly sol m warm dilute I TO3
+Aq (Ditte, C R 77 892 )

+5H2O Sol in 100 pts cold, and lore
freely in hot H2O When freshly pptc sol
m cold NH4Cl+Aq (Wackenroder, ^ 41
315), NH4NO8+Aq (Brett, Phil Mag ( 10
96), and BaCl2+Aq (Rose)

BaB6010+13H2O (Laurent, A ch ( 67
215)

Ba2B2OB (Bloxam, Chem Soc 14 43 )

5BaO, 2B2O3

Ba8B10Oi8H-6H2O Sol in 100 pts cold
H20 Easily sol in ammonium mtra , or
chloride, or barium chloride +Aq ( ose,
Pogg 87 1)

Ba2B6Oii Easily sol in warm dilute ids

+6H20

+7H20

+15H2O (Laurent, A ch (2) 67 2 )

Barium borate bromide, 3BaO, 56263, 1 Br*
(Ouvrard, C R 1906, 142 283 )

Barium borate chloride, 3BaO,5B203,B \

Unaffected by H20 Sol in acids )uv-
rard, C R 1906, 142 283 )

Bismuth borate, BiB03+2H2O

Ppt SI sol m H20 Decomp b> HoS
Not decomp by KOH+Aq (Vanmo, pr
1906, (2) 74 152 )

Cadmium borate, Cd3(BO02

Insol in H2O, easily sol in dil acids 3uv
lard, C R 1900, 130 174 )

Cd(BO2) Difficultly sol in H () ({• rom
cycr), msol in H O, sol in HCl+Aq (()< mg),
easily sol in warm NH4Cl+Aq (Rose)

(Guertler, Z anorg 1904, 40 242 )

JCdO, 2B,(),+ iHO Ppt M I in
HO (Rose, Pogg 88 200)

CdO, 2B (),+2H () (Dittc.A < h SSS,
(5) 30 255)

CdO, 4B,0» + K)IM) Sol HI II ( dt
«>inp on h< iting (Ditt(, \ <h 1SS. ) 30
25> )

Cadmium borate bromide, ()(<!<) M)3,

( dlJi

Insol in II () ind fuming IK 1 01 HH - \(\

(Houss( ui tnd \llun,( H IV)} 11< 72)

Cadmium borate chloride, (>(<!<) i O3,

K ls() 118

(Rouss( ui uid \11 tn< ,

Cadmium borate iodide, (>( d<) SB O<, <1I
(Allure, C H 1S9S 127 557)

Caesium borate, Cb BfO,0

Vdysol m H2O, l(fes in ikohol (H< chle,
/ anoig 4 lib )

BORATE, CUPROUS

103

Calcium borate, Ca(B02)2

SI sol in H20, insol in alkali chlorides, or
boiling cone acetic acid+Aq, sol in cold or
hot solutions of ammonium salts, especially
ammonium nitrate, in CaCl2+Aq, and also
easily sol in dilute mineral acids at 50°
(Ditte, C R 80 490,561)

+2H20

4-4H2O, two modifications of which one
is very unstable (van't Hoff and Meyer-
hx>ffe^A 1906,361 101)

-h6H2O When warmed in H20 it goes
over into CaB2O4+4H2O (van't Hofif and
Meyerhoffer )

Sol in H2O without decomp , 1 1 solution
contains 2 g salt (Ditte, C R 96 1663 )

CaB4O7 Decomp by H20 (Blount, C N
64 208 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 S790)

•f3H2O (Ditte, C R 96 1663)

+4H2O Min Bechihte

-j-6H2O Min Borocaldte Sol in acids

CaB6Oio,+4H20

+8H2O Unstable On standing in the
solution in which it is formed it changes into
CaB6O10-HH20

-f!2H20 Unstable Goes over into
CaB6O10+8H20 (van't Hoff and Meyer-
hoffer. A 1906,351 104)

CaB8Oi3+12H20 (Ditte, C R 96 1663 )

2CaO,B203 Insol in H20, sol in dil acids
(Ouvrard, C R 1905, 141 353 )

Ca2B6On (Ditte, C R 77 785 )

4- 3H2O Mm Panderrmte, Pnc&ite See
4CaO, 5B203+9H2O

4-5H2O Mm Colemamte

If all the Ca is in form of colemamte, the
solution contains in 100 g , 4 8 g HsBOs and
0 1 g CaO (van't Hoff, BAB 1907, 653 )

+7H20

-f 9H2O (van't Hoff and Meyerhoffer, A
1906, 361 101 )

3CaO, B2O3 Easily sol in dil acids
(Ouvrard, C R 1901, 132 258 )

3CaO, 5B2O3+9H2O (van't Hoff, BAB
1906, II 568 )

4CaO, 5B/)3+()H20 1 rue composition of
Pandcnmtt (van't Hoff, BAB 1906, II
572)

Calcium iron (ferrous) borate silicate,

Mm Homilite Lazily sol in HCl-f-Aq

Calcium magnesium borate, CaO, MgO,
3B2O3+OH/)

Mm Hydroboracite Somewhitsol mil/)
Easily fc>ol in waim HCl+Aq or HNO3 -f Aq

3CaO, 3Mg<), 4B()3 (Dittc, C R 77
894)

Calcium sodium borate, 2CaO, Na2O, 5B 03

+8H20

(van't Hoff, BAB 1907, 303
CadBioO]8, Na3B6O9 + 15, or 24H20

Min Natroborocalcvte, Ulemte Decomp
ay boiling with H20 Sol in acids

Ca2Na4Bi2022+15H2O Mm Franklan-
dite SI sol in H20, easily sol in HC1, and
HN03+Aq

Calcium borate bromide, 3CaO, 3B203, CaBr2
SI attacked by H2O Very sol in dilute

acetic acid (Ouvrard, C R 1905, 141 1023 )
3CaO, 5B203, CaBr2 Hardly attacked by

cold H2O or very dil acetic acid Sol rn

strong acids, even when dilute (Ouvrard.

C R 1905,141 1023)

Calcium borate chloride, Ca3B2O6, CaCl2
Decomp quickly by moist air or H2O,

slowly by absolute alcohol (Chateher, C R

99 276)
3CaO, 3B208, CaCl2 (Ouvrard, C R

1905, 141 353 )
3CaO, 5B203, CaCl2 SI attacked by cpld

H20 and dd acetic acid+Aq Strong acids

dissolve even when very dilute (Ouvrard.

C R 1905, 141 352 )

Calcium borate silicate, 2CaO, B208, 2SiO2
+H20

Mm Datohte Sol in HCl+Aq with sep-
aration of gelatmous silica

+2H20 Min Botryohte

CaO, B203, Si02 Min Daribunte Very
si attacked by HCl+Aq before ignition

Chromous borate

Precipitate Sol in free acids,
borax +Aq (Moberg )

Chromic borate, 7Cr2O3, 4B203

Insol m H20, sol in excess of borax +Aq
(Hebberling, C C 1870 122 )

Chromic magnesium borate, 3Cr2O3, 6MgO,
2B203

Not attacked by acids (Ebelmen, A ch
(3) 33 52 )

2Cr203, 9MgO, 3B2O3 (Mallard, C R
106 1260)

Cobaltous borate, 3CoO, 2B2O3+4H 0
SI sol in H2O (Rose, Pogg 88 299 )
3CoO, B2O, (Mallard, C R 105 1260 )
2CoO, B203 (Ouviard, C R 1900, 130

337)

Cobaltous borate bromide, 6CoO, 8B2O3,

CoBr2
( Rousseau and Allan c, C R 1894,119 73)

Cobaltous borate chloride, 6CoO, 8B2O3,

CoCl

(Rousseau and Allan o, C R 1894, 118
1257)

Cobaltous borate iodide, bCoO, 8B 03, CoI2

(Allaire, C R 1898, 127 557 )
Cuprous borate, 3Cu O, 2B/)3

(Guertler, Z anorg 1904, 38 459 )

104

BORATE, CUPRIC

Cupnc borate

Composition depends on temperature and
concentration of solutions Boiling H2O dis-
solves out all the boric acid Sol in acids,
slowly sol in hot cone NH4Cl-}-Aq

Cu(BC>2)2 Insol m cold dil acids, even
HF Slowly sol in hot cone HC1 Not at-
tacked by alkalies or alkali carbonates +Aq
(Guertler, Z anorg 1904, 38 456 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)

Cupnc borate ammonia, CuB407, 4NH3+
6H2O

Efflorescent Can be recrystalhzed from a
little NH4OH+Aq (Pasternack, A 151
227)

Didymmm borate, DiBO3

Insol m H2O acidulated with HCl+Aq
(Cleve, Bull Soc (2) 43 363 )

Di2(B4O7)3 Insol m H2O, sol in acids
(Frenchs and Smith, A 191 355 )

Glucinum borate, basic, 5G1O, B203

Insol m H2O, sol m acids (Kruss and
Moraht, B 23 735 )

Iron (ferrous) borate

Ppt H2O dissolves out all the boric acid
(Tunnerman )

Iron (ferric) borate, Fe>(B02)c+-3H,>O

Ppt Iiibol m H2<3

Mm Lagomte Sol m acids

2Fo2O-», 3B2O3 (Mallaid, C R 105 1260)

Ofrc O-,, B Oj+bH O Ppt (Rose, Pogg
89 473 )

9Fc 203, B Oa+9H O Ppt (Rose )

Iron (ferric) magnesium borate, BLojOj,
(>\IgQ, 2B O3

Insol in H2O »Sol in com
(Kbdmon, V ch ( J) 33 r>3)

J[<r O,, 9MfA W O4 (M illucl,
105 1200)

Iron (ferroferncj magnesium borate,

I (O lu O, B O,
Mm LuduiqtU Slo\vl\ sol in HGl-}-Vq
\\hc n hiK 1\ poud( n (1

Iron (ferrous) borate bromide, <>1 <O SB (),,

1 cBi

Slo\\l> sol in hot H\O,+ \q (Kouss( ui
ind Ml UK C R 116 141 O

Iron (ferrous) borate chloride, (>I (O SB (){

1 (Cl

»Slo\\l\ sol in hot IIV){-f \q (Rouss< ui
ind Ml UK, C R 116 11()) )

Lanthanum borate, 21 i ()j B O,
iNoidcnskjokl, FOR*, 114 his )
1 i (B4() ) Ppt (Smith )
Pmniula is 1 i B.Oi -f cH O ((hvc, B

11 «)10 )

C K

Lead borate, basic,

2PbO, B2O3+2H2O Ppt
4PbO, 3B203+4H20 Ppt
+5H2O Ppt
6PbO, 5B203+6H20 Ppt
8PbO, 3B203+8H20 Ppt
9PbO, 5Bo03+9H20 Ppt

87 470)

(Rose, ogg

Lead borate, Pb(B02)2+H20

Insol in H20 Easily sol in dil HN

boiling HC2H3O2+Aq Decomp by I

HC1, also by boiling KOH, or NaOH

Insol in alcohol (Herapath, Phil M

34 375)

Sol in NH4Cl+Aq, sol m sat NaC]
2PbO, 3B2O3+4H20 (Herapath )
PbB407H-4H20 Slightly sol in pun

but msol in solutions of Na salts as Na

+Aq (Soubeiran )

Lead borate chlonde, Pb(BO2)2, PbCl2-
Insol in cold, very slowly decomp 1
H2O into its constituents Easily sol
hot HNOs-1-Aq, msol m alcohol (Her
Phil Mag (3) 34 375 )

Lead borate nitrate, Pb(BO ) , Pb(N

HO
Insol in alcohol (Herapath )

Lithium borate, LiBO

Solubility m H 0
100 g H2O dissolve g LiBO afc t°

t°

g IiBO

t°

K I

0

0 7

^0

4

10

1 4

40

11

20

2 b

45

20

liibol in ice tone (ludniinn C C
11 1014, N mm inn B 1<)()4 37 4 i2<)

Infool m methyl i«tit( (Niuini
1()00, 42 i7()0 )

Insol in (tliyl ud tt( (Niuinu
1010, 43 {14 )

-hSH O (I < Chiidid Bull So<
( i) 21 ,1 )

-hl(>Il O I moMsns in lh< ui
sol in told HO i ipully in hot II (
Chitdid ( H 1S<)7, 124 1()<L> )

I i H»(BOf) +MH O (Hds(hl( /

I i BjO I)( IKJIK s< ( n! < isil\ sol i
( \iK<dson \ <h 10 SJ )

Sol in ic ( torn (I i<hn inn C (
11 1014)

Insol in Kctoiu (\unninn B 1(

Insol in nvoth>l ic(titt (Niumi

42 i7^() )
+ 5HO Insol in ilcohol (!M
\uh Ph (3) 8 10S)

3, or
S04,
Aq

(3)

i20,

1,0

hot
idil
>ath,

3) +

(LeChdtiher, C R 1S97, 124 109 )

L899,

i B

B

1S<)M

o\vl}

(I (

noiji,
II O
1899,
1,37
n B
ngcr,

BORATE, MOLYBDENUM

105

Li20, 3B2O3+6H2O Verj sol in H2O,
insol in alcohol (Filsmger )

LioO, 4B2O8 Insoi in H20 (Le Chatelier,
Bull Soc 1899, (3) 21 35 )

+10H2O Sol in H2O, insol in alcohol
(Filsmger )

" Acid lithium borate" is less sol than the
tetraborate (Gmelm )

Li20, 5B2O3+10HO (Dukelski, C A
1908 1089

Magnesium borate, Mg(B02)2

(Ditte, C R 77 893 )

+3HO Mm Pinnaite

+4H O (Laurent, A ch (2) 67 215 )

-j-SH O Insol in cold or hot H2O, easily
sol in HCl-h4.q Decomp by cone HC1
-4-Aq into H8B03 and MgCl2 (Wohler )

MgB407+8HoO (Popp, A Suppl 8 1)

MgO, 3B2O3+8H2O Very slowly sol in
H2O (Rose, A 84 221 )

Sol in 75 pts cold H20 (Rammelsberg,
Pogg 49 445)

2MgO, B2O3 Insol in H20, but sol in
Na2C03+Aq (Guertler, Z anorg 1904, 40
236)

+H 0 Very si sol in Vio N HCl+Aq
(vantHoff, B A B 1907,658)

Mm kschante

3MgO, B2O3 Insol in H2O, easily sol in
acids (Ebelmen, A 80 208 )

Very si sol in cold, but somewhat decomp
by boiling H2O (Rammelsberg )

-f 9H O Somewhat sol m cold H20
{Wohler, Pogg 28 525 )

3MgO, 2B2Oj Sol m warm HoS04 or
HNOa+'Vq (Ditte, C R 77 893)

MgO, 6B 03+18H20=Mg(B02)2, 10HB02
-1-13HO (Rammelsberg, Pogg 49 445)

3Mg(), 4B2O,, Sol in hot dil acids, insol
in acetic acid (Ditte, C R 77 893 )

5MgO, 2B O, + l^, and 3H2O Mm
S2 ibt^/ttr Difficultly sol mHCl-f-lq

9MgO, B O, (Mallard, C R 105 260 )

Magnesium manganous borate, 3Mg2B2O5,

4Mn B O +7H/)
Mm Si«»« mt( Sol in HCl-hAq

Magnesium potassium borate, KMg BnOi9
<)H<>

Mm Kalthorilt, Insol m H O (Fcit,
Ch L 1SS<), 13 11SS )

2MM> ^ O, 11H Oi+20H O (vin't
Hoft uul I Lchtcnstcm, B A B 1904, <)3b

Magnesium sodium borate, M# BaOu,

Kffloi(^( (nt About as bol in cold H O as
borax solution scpitittb out a Mg borate
on winning, which i< dissolve t> on cooling
Decomp by boiling H20 (Rammelsberg )

Magnesium strontium borate, 3Mg(), 3SrO,

41^0^

Easily sol in dd icids (Ditte, C R 77
S95)

Magnesium borate bromide, 2Mg3B8Oi8,

MgBr2 or 6MgO, 8B2OS, MgBr2
(Rousseau and Allau-e, C R 1894, 119, 71 )

Magnesium borate chloride, 2Mg3B8Oi5,

MgCl2

Mm Baracde Insol in H2O, slowly sol
.n acids (Kraut )

Stassfurthite Easily sol in warm acids
(Bischof )

Magnesium borate iodide, 6MgO, 8B2O3,

MgI2
(411aire, C R 1898, 127 556)

Magnesium borate phosphate, Mg(BO*)2,

2MgHP04+7H 0
Min Lunebwgrie

Magnesium borate sulphate, 2Mg3B4O9,
3MgS04+12H2O

Mm Magnesium sulphobonte

Sol in mineral acids when ground (Nau-
pert, B 1893,26 874)

Manganous borate, MnB4O7 (?)
Insol in H20 (Berzelius), very si sol in

H20 (Thomas. Am Ch J 4 358), decomp

by warm, slowly by cold H 0 Sol in MgSO *

-}-Aq (Berzelius)

+3H2O (Endemann and Paisley, Zeit

angew Ch 1903, 16 176 )

+5H2O Ppt (Endemann and Pa -T- ^
Very hydros copic (Endemann. Ai

J 1903, 29 72 )

3MnO, B203 (Mallard, C R 106 1260 )
Not attacked by H2O Very sol in acids

(Ouvrard, C R 1900, 130 336 )
3MnO, 2B203 (Mallard )
MnH4(B03) Veiy si sol in H O
Solubility in 2% Na S04+ Aq At 18 5°,

0 77 g MnH4(BO3)2 are dibsolved per litre,

at 40°, 0 65 g , at bO°, 0 36 g , at 80°, 0 12 g
Solubility in 2% NaCl-f-Aq 1 1 solution

dissolves 1 31 g salt at 182°, 0 6 g at 59°

and 0 29 g at 80°

Solubility in 2% CaCl +Aq 1 1 CaCl +

Aq dibbolves 2 91 g fa lit at 17 6°, 2 44 g it

450 ,225g atGl°,andl35g it 80° (Hait-

ley md Ram ige, Chun bnc 63 129)

Manganous borate bromide, bMnO, SB Oj,

MnBr
(Rousseau and Allaire, C R 1804,119 73)

Manganous borate chloride, OMnO, SB (){J

MnCl

(Rousseau md 411 uu, C R 1894, 118
1257)

Molybdenum borate, MoO , 2B20, (?)

Insol in H20, sol m H3BO3+Aq (Ber-
zelius )

106

BORATE, MOLYBDENUM

Molybdenum borate, Mo2O8, B2O3
Precipitate Insol an H2O, si sol in a

solution of boric acid (Berzehus )
See Boromolybdic Acid

Nickel borate, Ni(B02)2+2H20

Insol in H2O Easily sol in acids Easily
sol in warm NH4CH-Aq (Rose, Pogg 88
299 )

2NiO, B203+a;H2O Easily sol in acids
(Rose )

3NiO, 2B2OS+5H2O Easily sol m acids
(Rose )

3NiO,B203 Not attacked by H2O, sol in
acids (Ouvrard, C R 1900, 130 337 )

Nickel borate bromide, 6NiO, 8B2O3, NiBr2
(Rousseau, C R 1894, 119 73 )

Nickel borate chloride, 6NiO,8B203,NiCl2
(Rousseau, C R 1894, 118 1257 )

Potassium borates

Solubility of BaQ3 in K2O+Aq at 30°

Solution contains

<0by*t K40

% by wt BaOs

feo'ici phase

47 50

KOH, 2H20

46 45

0 72

"

46 36

0 91

K2O, B2O3, 2 5H2O

40 51

1 25

c

36 82

1 80

I

36 72

1 85

f

32 74

3 51

1

29 63

6 98

t

26 89

12 12

I

24 84

17 63

1

23 30

18 19

K2O; 2B/)3, 4H2O

16 21

13 10

'

11 78

9 82

1

9 IS

8 00

1

6 22

9 13

1

7 79

13 20

<

7 73

1* 37

KjO, 213 jOi, 4H2O +

RA 5B,()3} 8H2O

7 SI

13 2S

'

7 67

13 19

11

7 71

1 3 21

K 0, >I3 (),, SH 0

7 63

13 2S

'

* 42

7 r>9

*

1 SO

4 1 )

'

0 SO

3 05

0 ")I

* 19

0 33

4 5S

K 0, 113 (),, SH 0 +

0 3S

4 ")1

0 31

4 46

1

0 2S

I 36

B(OII),

3 54

U 30° only the thi(( pot issium hoi ttcs

K 0, 13,0^+2 r>H 0, K 0, 213 Oi+4H O and

K O, IB Oj-j-^H O (\ist in stiblc foirn

(Dukclski, / inoijr 1906,50 42)

Potassium metaborate, KB02

Sol in small amount of H20 (Bei ihus
Pogg 34 568)

-flJiHaO Only stabile hydrate ( ukel-
ski, Z anorg 1906, 60 42 )

+1HH2O (Atterberg, Bull Soc i ) 22
350)

Potassium teZraborate, K2B4O7

Very sol in H20

+4H2O (Atterberg, Bull Soc ( i 22
350)

Only stabile hydrate (Dukelski, I )

+5H2O Very sol m H2O, more so than
K2B6Oio or K2Bi2Oi9

4-6H2O (Atterberg, I c )

Potassium te;aborate, K2BeOio+5, and
8H2O

Easily sol in H20

Does not exist (Dukelski, I c )

Potassium elaborate, K2Bi0Oi6+8H (
Sol in H20 (Rammelsberg )
Only hydrate (Dukelski )

Potassium ctodefcaborate, K2Bi2Oi9+lC 20
SI sol in cold, veiy sol in ho HO

(Laurent, A ch 67 215)
-K2BioOie (Rammelsberg)
Does not exist (Dukelski )

Potassium borate fluoride, KBO , Kt

Sol m H20 (Schiff ind Sestini, 228

72)

KBO2, 2K* Sol in little, deco] p by

much H2O Insol in H20 (Schiff i i Ses-

tim, A 228 72 )

Rubidium borate, Rb B4O7

Anhydrous (Rdschlt, Z anoig, 4 bb )
+6H/) Not dehqiK s( ( nt 01 (fflo scent

hoi in H O (UcifasiR, A 127 33)

Samarium borate, hinBOj

Insol in HjC), sol in IK 1 + Aq Ue\o,
Hull S<x (2) 43 1670)

Scandium borate, S< H( ) ,

Sol in <hl ui<ls (Ciookcs I'lnl 1 1 ins
1910,210 \ *64)

Silver borate, AgHO

Si sol in II2O By vv ishing \vitli I () tht
boii( Kid is (hssolv((l out ( Ros< hum
Gent i ilhl 1863 205]

Sol \vith (Iccoinp in NihO -f \ (Hti-
s<hcl), sol in NH4N(),-fA(i if pptd old

1 1 1I2O dibsolv(s ca (> x 10- j;i u itonib
it Zrf (\h<gK uid (ox, / ph>s ( 1903,
46 11 )

Inbol in <thyl ird it ( (N nun in, B
1910, 43 314)

U O, 4B2<)3 (Hos(, / ( )

BORATE, SODIUM

107

Sodium b orates

+8H2O (Atterberg )

Solubihty of B208 m Na2O+Aq at 30P

+4H2O and +8H20 are the onl} hydrates

Solution contains

formed (Dukelski )
System Na20, B208, H2O at 60° investi-

% b> wt
Na2O

% by wt
BOs

Solid phase

gated by Sborgi (Real Ac Line 1915, (5)
24 I, 443 )

42 00
40 85

2 71

NaOH, H20

ti

Sodium tefmborate, Na B407 (Borax)

41 37

5 10

((

100 g H2O dissolve at

38 85
34 44

5 55
3 73

Na2O, B2O8, 4H20

1C

5° 10° 21 5° 30° 37 5°
1316 2839 56g anhydrous salt

29 39

2 51

tl

45° 50° 54° 55° 56° 57°

28 61

OT TO

2 38

tc

8 1 10 5 13 3 142 15 0 16 0 g anhydrous salt

£( 78
26 13

2 44
2 75

It

(Horn and van Wagener, Am Ch J 1903,

OA 04*7 ^

25 08
23 00

2 98

tc
tf

OU OTC/ )

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B

16 61
21 58

20 58
18 31

13 69
4 63

4 69
4 97

tl

Na20,B203, 4H20+
Na«6, B203, 8H20
Na20, B20S, 8H20

tc

1910.43 314)
Sol in amyl alcohol in the presence of meta-
arsemous acid and excess of H8B03 (Auer-
bach, Z anorg 1903, 37 358 )
+4H2O

_| (-TT f\

15 32
13 25

6 21
8 18

((

+ 0X1 2U

100 g H2O dissolve at

12 39

9 12

tc

65° 70° 80° 90° 100°

8 85

10 49

Na2O, 2Ba03, 10H20

220 244 314 408 52 3 g anhydrous salt

5 81

6 94

(Horn and van Wagener, Am Ch J 1903,

4 00

4 76

a

30 347)

1 88

2 41

n

-f 6H2O Grows opaque in the au (Bechi,

1 38

5 16

it

Sill Am J (2) 17 129 )

1 84

7 36

tt

+10H2O Only stabile hydrate (Dukel-

2 02

7 79

ct

ski, Z anorg 60 30 ) Efflorescent on surface

2 40

9 48

tl

in dry air Not efflorescent when free f™™

4 08

17 20

Na2O, 2B203, 10H2O

Na2COs (Sims )

-fNaoO, 5B2O3,
10H2O

Sol in 12 pts cold and 2 pts hot HaO Sat cold

3 79

15 84

Na2O, 5B203, 10H20

NasBiOi-fA-q contains 9 23% and sat hot Na BiO?-}-
Aq contains 33 33% NaaB^r (Gmelin )

3 47

13 30

*'

Sol in 20 pts cold and 6 pts boiling H O (Wai

2 26

12 14

n

lerms )

1 99

11 84

Na>O, 5B O3, 10H20

Sol m 15 pts HO at IS 7o (Abl )
100 pts HaO at Ic. 5° dissolve 5 pts at 60° 40 pts

+B(OH)3

at 100° 166 pts Na2B4O7-}-10H 0 (Ure s Dictionary )

1 86

10 -I

11 78

n-| C

B(OH)3

100 pts sat NaaB4O7 + \q at 105 5° contain j2 5 pts
NaaB407 or 100 pts HaO dissolve 110 54 pts Na B4O?

ol

IS

or 1 pt NaaB407 is sol m 0 9047 pt H O at 105 5°

0 64

6 11

"

(Griffith Quar T Sci 18 90)

t

3 54

a

\t 30°, only the foui sodium borates Na20,

Solubility in 100 pts H 0 at t°

B O3+ 4H/3, Na/), B,O3+8H 0, Na2O,

Pts Pts

2B2O3 + 10HO, ind Na O, 5B/)3-flOH20

t XTPyr, Na2B40 t XTPyn NiBiOv

exist as stable phases

Na BiO? 4_ioH O Nrt B4° -f-lOH O

(Dukelski, Z anoig 1906,60 4b )

0 1 49 2 83 60 18 09 40 43

10 2 42 4 65 70 24 22 57 85

Sodium //?e£aborate, N iBO

20 4 05 7 88 SO 31 17 76 19

^nhydrou^ t isily sol in H O, with evolu-

30 6 00 11 90 90 40 14 116 66

tion of heat

40 8 79 17 90 100 55 16 201 4*

+H2O Easily sol m H O (Benedikt )

50 12 93 27 41

-J-2H2O lastly sol in H2O (Bcnedikt,
B 7 703)

(Poggiale, \ (h (3) 8 40)

+3H2O Easily sol in H O (Berzehus )

-j-4H2O bl dfloresoent Sol in hot, less

100 ptb H O dibbolvo 1 4 pts Isi B4O7 at

sol m cold H/) Melts at 57° in its crystal

0°, and 55 3 pts it 100° (Mulder )

H2O (Dukelski, Z anorg 50 42 )

NaB4O7-hA.q sat it 15° hab ^p gi =

-H4HH2O (Atterberg, Z anorg 1906, 48
370)

1 0199, and contains 3 92b pts Na, B4O7 to
100 pts H2O (Michel and Krafft, A rh (3)

4-5J^H2O (Atterbeig )

41 471 )

108

BORATE, SODIUM

Na2B4O7+Aq sat at 17° has sp gr =
1 0208 (Stolba, J pr 97 503 )

Sp gr of Na2B4O7+Aq at 15°

q

*1

1
2
3

S r-l

Sp gr

%

Na B4O7

M

Sp gr

0 52
1 06
1 59

1 0049
1 0099
1 0149

4
5
6

2 11
2 64
3 17

1 0199
1 0249
1 0299

(Gerlach, Z anal 28 473 )

Sp gr of Na2B407+Aqsat at 15° = 1032
(Gerlach )

Sat Na2B4O7+ A.q boils at 105 5°, and con-
tains 1105 pts Na2B4O7 to 100 pts H20
(Griffith )

Sat Na B4O7-hAq forms a crust at 103°,
and contains 60 14 pts Na2B407 to 100 pts
H2O, highest temp observed, 1043° (Ger-
lach, Z anal 26 427 )

B -pt of NaoB407+Aq containing pts
Na2B407 to 100 pts H2O

B pt

Pts
NaaB4O7

B pt

Pts
NaiB40

100 5°
101 0
101 5
102 0
102 5

8 64

17 2
26 5
37 5
48 5

103 0°
103 5
104 0
104 5
104 6

61 2
75 4
90 8
109 0
112 3

(Gerlach, Z anal 26 452 )

M -pt of NaoB4O7-f 10H O is 75 5° (Til-
den, Chem Soc 45 407 )

Insol in alcohol

100 g alcohol (0 941 sp gi ) dissolve 2 4S g
at 155° (U S P)

Sol in alcoholic solution of NiC H<O
( Strom eyer )

Sol in 147 ptb glycoim of 1 225 sp gr
(Vogel )

Sol in 1 pt glvGuiru (Sduilt/c, Ai(h
Phaim (3) 6 149)

100 g glyoouiu dissolve b() 3 g it lr> r>°
(U s P)

Mm T. mud

Sodium borate, NajBaOn + lOH O

Sol m 5-6 pts (old HO (Bolhy V 68
122 ) Perhaps sodium hydiogcn t(ti ihoi it<

1 D((omp b\ H O
(\tterbeig, Z moig 48 $70)
htibiU (Dukelbki, Z moig 50 42)
-hllH^O (I uiiont, C H 29 5 )

Sodium borate fluoride, N xBO ^N il +
4HO

Sol mH,0

Bisxiow (B 7 112) consideis this silt to
be \ mixture

Na2B4O7, 12NaF+22HO Can I sep-
arated into its constituents by H^O (Ber-
zehus, Beiz T B 23 96 )

Strontium borate, Sr(B02)2

(Ditte, C R 77 788 )

Easily hydrated by H20 forming Sri °B2O3
+2H20 Very sol in dil acetic acid (Ouv-
rard, C R 1906, 142 282 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1" 4, 37
4329 )

+2H2O (Ouvrard, Z c )

-f 4H2O (Ouvrard, I c )

+5H2O 1 1 H20 dissolves 2 3 g t 10°
(Ditte, A ch 1883 (5) 30 253 )

SrB407 Insol in H20, sol in dil acids
(Guertler, Z anorg, 1904, 40 243 )

+4H2O Sol in 130 pts boiling H2< 100
pts H20 at 100° dissolve 7 7 pts (Ure'i Diet )
Easily sol in cold NH4 salts-j-Aq, sol n cold
HN03-fAa

2SrO,B2O3 Easily decomp by H2 form-
ing B203, SrO, 4H20 Very sol u acids
(Ouvrard, C R 1906, 142 282 )

3SrO, B2O3 Less easily attacked y H20
than Ca comp Very sol in miner* acids
SI attacked by dil acetic acid (C vrard,
C R 1901, 132 258 )

SrBGOio Very si sol in H2O, sol acids
(Laurent )

SrB8O3i+7HO Ppt (Lament)

-j-12H20 (Ditte)

SrgB4Og Sol in cold mineral at
acetic acid (Ditte, C R 77 785 )

2SrO, 3B 03 Easily sol in icids
I c)

borate bromide, 3SiO,
(Ouviud, C i
chloride,

Strontium
SrBi,

As the chloiuU
142 283)

Strontium borate

SrCl

SI atti(k(d by (old HO not itt
dilute d«ti( uid (Ouvi u<l, ( H 1

282)

Thallous borate, II BO -f-MI O
Dccoinp in th< in ( Bu< ht il i I

(2) 88 7S4 )

II B O (But ht ill )

II B4O7 P|)l Sol in boiling II

in (old (hi II S(),-f \(| (( mokes )
+ 211 O (Buditili I pi 1<)1

774)

II B,O,,,-h^I O (Hue lit d i )
II BSO1{+4H O (Budit ill )
11 »„,()„ +SII O (Budit ill )
II B, On + 7H O (Budit ill)

Thorium borate ( 0

Prcupit it( Insol in HO ind

Tm (stannous) borate (0
Ppt (Wen/d)

Is and
(Ditte,

5B203,
190b,

k(d b\
)(> 142

88

BORON BROMIDE PHOSPHINE

109

.Divanadyl borate

Insol in H20, sol m H3BO3-{-Aq (Ber-
zelms )

Ytterbium borate, YbBOs

Insol in cone HC1, sol m HF (Cleve. Z
anorg 1902,32 148)

Yttrium borate

Precipitate (Berlin, Pogg 43 105 )

Zinc borate, 3ZnO, 2B2O3

(Mallard, C R 105 1260)

Decomp by H2O, very sol in dil acids
(Ouvrard, C R 1900, 130 336 )

ZnO, 2B20S+4H2O Sol in H20 with
decomp (Ditte, A ch 1883, (5) 30 256 )

3ZnO, 4B203+H20 Ppt (Holdermann,
Arch Pharm 1904, 242 567 )

ZnO, 4B203 + 10H20 (Ditte, A ch 1883,
(5) 30 256 )

9ZnO, 4B203+9H20 SI sol in H3B08
-f-Aq (Rose, Pogg 88 299 )

3ZnO, B203 Insol in muieral acids (le
Chateher, C R 113 1034 )

Zinc borate ammonia, ZnB407, 4NHg+6H20

Easily sol in NH4OH, HC2H3O2, H2SO4,

HC1, and HN03+Aq (Buchner, A 161

234)

Zinc borate bromide, 6ZnO, 8B2O3, ZnBr2
(Rousseau and Allaire, C R 116 1446 )

Zinc borate chloride, 6ZnO,8B2O3,ZnCl2

Insol m HC1 (Rousseau, C R 1894, 118
1256)

Zinc borate iodide, OZnO, SBjOa, ZnI2
(Allaire, C R 1898, 127 556 )

Zirconium borate, ( ?)
Insol in H/)

Pei "bone acid
A>cf Perbonc Acid

Bone phosphoric acid
Ac< Phosphobonc acid

Bone tungstic acid
^S cc Borotungstic acid

Boric acid sulphur ti toxide
>Sa Borosulphunc acid

Borimide, 13 (NH),

Decomp by H/), insol in ill indiffucnt
bolvents, bol in liquid NHj+S to foim a dark
blue solution (Stork, B 1901, 34 3044 )

Borimide hydrochlonde, B;(NH)3,3HC1

Decomp by H/), msol in all ordinary or-
ganic solvents (Stock, B 1901, 34 3045 )

Borofluorhydric acid, HBF4
See Fluobonc acid

Borofluondes
See Fluobondes

Boromolybdic acid

Sol in H2O Decomp by alcohol (Ber-
zekus )

Boron, B

(a) Amorphous Somewhat sol in pure
H2O, when not ignited Salts and acids sep-
arate it out of aqueous solution Upon evap-
oration of H20 solution a crust is formed,
which is only partially sol in H20 (Ber-
zelms, Pogg 2 113) Decomp byhotH2SO*
and cold moderately cone HNO3+Aq
Strongly ignited amorphous B is much less
easily attacked by reagents than freshly pptd ,
and is msol m H20 (Berzehus ) Insol in
caustic alkalies +Aq, also in alcohol and ethei

Above boron was very impure (Moissan.
C R 114 392)

Pure B is not attacked by acids, but has a
strong reducing action on KMn04+Aq, FeCl3
-f-Aq, etc (Moissan, C R 114 617 )

Does not melt at 1500° Readih sol in
cone acids, as H2S04, HN08, H3P04, very si

sol in hydracids, decomp H2O at led teat
(Moissan, A ch 1895, (7) 6 313-14 )

Inbol in liquid NH3 (Gore A ^
1898, 20 827 )

(6) Crybtcdhzed 1 Insol in xitfj,
KOH+Aq Very {slightly and slowly i
by boiling cone H,jfeO4 Gradually so ut
cone HNOg Formula is A12B24 (Hampe.
A 183 75)

2 Very felightly ilticked by cone HC1 or
Ha&O4, slowly but completely sol in cone
HNO-i, msol in KOH+Aq Formula is
C2A1«B48 (Hainpo)

C^Al-jI^ ( rij^lallinc Insol m a solution
of CrOj in H SO< Insol in hot cono HC1
and H SO4 hoi in hot f one HN03 (Biltz,
B 1010, 43 MM)

Boron /?tbromide, BBi j

Sol in H <) or alcohol with d«omp
(Nicklcs, C H 60 SOO)

Boron phosphorus bromide, HBij, PBi

D< ( omp by Hj<)

Sol in OS, ind CHCIj Dtcomp Ivy il-
(ohol, <th<r, <t( (liubl(,C R 116 1521)

BHr}, PBi Si tsol in <old, ( abil> in hot
CS (Tinbk )

Boron bromide ammonia, BBi j} 4NH {

D( ( ornp by Hj() and alkalies (Be sson, C
R 114 542)

Boron bromide phosphine, BBi ,, PHj

Violently dtoomp by H2O (Besson, C R
113 78)

110

BORON BROMIDE PHOSPHORUS CHLORIDE

Boron bromide phosphorus fnchloride,
2BBrs,PCl8

Decomp by HoO Sol m BBr8, PC13, CS2,
and CHC13 Insol in petroleum ether
(Tanble, C R 1901, 132 84 )

Boron bromide phosphorus petttachlonde,
2BBr3,PClfi

feol in BBrs and CS2, decomp by H2O,
msol m light petroleum (Tanble, C R
1901, 132 85 )

Boron bromide phosphorus ^iodide, 2BBrs,

P2l4

Sol m BBra, CS2, CHC13, msol in hght
petroleum, decomp by H2O (Tanble. C R
1901, 132 205 )

Boron bromide phosphoryl chloride, BBrs,

POCla

Very easily decomp (Oddo and Tealdi,
Gazz ch it 1903, 33 (2) 431 )

Boron bromoiodide, BBraI

Decomp violently by H20 (Besson, C R
112 100)

BBiI (Besson, C R 112 100)

Boron bromosulphide,

Decomp by H/) (Stock, B 1901, 34
3040)

Boron carbide, BaC

Vu> stable, msol in HF and in HNO3,
sol in KOH at red heat (Moissan, Bull
Soc 1S94, (3) 11 1101 )

Insol in acids, sol in fused alkih (Mois-
san, C R 1S94, 118 559 )

BC 01 B C Insol in all the usual solvents
(Mullh uiser, Z anoig 5 92)

Boron In chloride, BC13

Ripidh ibborbod b> H () ind ilcohol with
decomposition

Boron mtrosyl chloride, BC1 ,, NOC1

I)«omp \ioli ntl\ b> HO (Geutlui, I
pi (2) 8 s"H )

Boron phosphoryl chloride, BCla, P()C1{

I)(«>mp immtduUh b\ HO (Gust iv-
son, /(it Clidii 1870 121 )

Boron chloride ammonia, 2BCli, SNTHj

D«omp b^ H/> (Buzdius, Po^g 2
147 )

Boron chloride phosphme, BClj, PH3

I)((omp b> HO (Btsson, C R 110

Boron chlorosulphide, B2S,,BC13

DM omp b> HO (Stock B 1901, 34
M40 )

Boron /nfluonde, Bt j

H O tbsorbs 700 volb BFj gas to form i

liquid of 1 77 sp gr On boiling, Vs of t BF3
is given off, and a residue boiling at 16 f 206°
with composition BF3+2H2O or H 02+
3HF, is left (J Davy, A ch 86 178

1 ccm H2O absorbs at 0° and 762 mn pres-
sure 1 057 ccm BF3

1 vol cone H2SO4 of 1 85 sp gr a sorbs
SOvols BF8

Absorbed by alcohol with decomp

Cold oil of turpentine absorbs 6
BF3

y0 of

BF3,NH33 BF3,

Boron fluoride ammonia,
2NH8, and BF3, 3NH3
Decomp by H20

Boron fluonde cyanhydnc acid, BF3, I
Very unstable (Patein, C R 113

Boron fluonde phosphine, 2BF3, PH3
Very unstable at ordinary temp D
by H/) (Besson, C R 110 80 )

5 )
omp

SI sol i H20

Boron hydride, BH3

Not obtained free from H
(Jones, Chem Soc 35 41 )

See Cyclotfnborene

B4H10 B -pt 16-17° at 760 mm

Very unstable Takes fire spontai
in the air

Decomp by H2O, dil HC1, and o
by cone HNO8 with explosive violenc

Absorbed by NaOH+Aq

Decomp by alcohol Sol m dry b
(Stock, B 1912, 45 3562 )

B0Hi2 B -pt 100° at atmosphencpj
Decomp by H20 With aqueous t
hydrogen is evolved (Stock, B 19
3565}

B8H Insol m HC1 Sol in aqua ic
Bi +Aq (Wmkler, B 1890, 23 778

BioHu M -pt 99 5°, not attacked
01 boiling H O Sol in dil N lO
Sol m ihohol, <thti, Ixnzuu, in
(Stock, H 19H, 46

Boron iodide, Bl,

Very hy^ros«>i)i< , ind instantly <
by H2O 01 ihohol Vuy sol in CS
C.Hr hss sol in PCU, AsCl,, ind
in my oi^,ini( li({iii(ls (Moissan C
717)

Boron iodide ammonia, HI , r>MI j
DC ( omp by H O (B(sson, C
»42)

Boron lodophosphide, HI P

\(iy hy^,i os( o])i< , d(«)inj) b> II (
ittackt d by ( old cone H S()4, ( v( n if
but on heating decomposition take
\crysl sol m CSi Insol inbtn/tn
01 CCh (Moisban, C R 113 624 )

B1P I esb hvgioscopu than Bl
otherwise the propertieb are similar
hin )

ously
dized

izene

ssure
alies,
*, 45

a and

/ cold

+Aq
CS

omp,

ecu

great
112

114

Not
mmg,
place

, but
Moib-

BOROTUNGSTATE, AMMONIUM

111

Boron nitride, BN

Insol m H20, cone HN03, cone HC1+
Aq,or cone solutions of alkalies

Decomp by hot cone H2S04 or HF
(Wohler.A 74 70 )

Boron Znoxide, B2O3

Deliquescent Sol in H20 with a large in-
crease in temp (Ditte, C R 85 1069 )

1 pt dissolves —

at 18 75° in 47 01 pts H2O
25° 27 75

37 5° 18 73
50° 15 13

62 5° 9 29
75° 7 28

87 5° 5 58
100° 4 74

Or 100 pts H20 dissolve—

at 18J750 2 13 pts B203
25 3 60

375° 424
50° 6 61
62 5° 10 76
75° 13 73
87 5° 17 92
100° 21 09

(Brandes and Firnhaber, Arch Pharm 7
1 litre H20 dissolves —

50)

at

0°
12°
20°
40°
62°
80°
102°

HOOg B20
16 50 "

22 49 "
39 50 "
64 50 "
95 00 "
164 50 "
(Ditte, C R 85 1069 )

Sat H O solution boils at 100° (Brandes
and Funhaber )

Sat H O solution boils at 103 3° (Grif-
fiths, Quar J bci 18 90 )

Sol in acetic acid, hot cone HCl+Aq,
HN03, and H feO4 From the three latter it
sepaiateb on cooling or dilution with H O

Solubility in Na2O-fAq at 30

See Borates, sodium

Solubility m K2O+Aq at 30°

See Borates, potassium

Insol in hot glacial acetic acid (Holt,
Chem Soc 1911, 100 (2) 720)

Inbol in ilcohol (Graham )

Sol in ilcohol (Berzclius, Lbclmen )

Sol in Qilb

See aho Boric acid

Boron tnoxide potassium fluoride, B2O3, 2KF
Gradu illy sol mil/) Decomp by much
HoO Inbol in alcohol (bchiff and feestim,
A 228 82 )

Boron oxychlonde, BOC1

(Gustavson, Zeit Chem 1870 521 )
BOC13 Slowly decomp by H2O (Coun-

cler, J pr (2) 18 399 )

Oxychlondes of either the above formulae
do not exist, the true formula for boron oxy-
chlonde is B8OnCl2 (Lorenz, A 247 226 )

Boron phosphide, BP

Insol in H20 Sol in cone boiling alkalies
+Aq with decomp Decomp byHN03-fAq
(Besson, C R 113 78 )

Insol in PC18, AsCls, SbCl8, CC14, and in
fact in all known solvents

Not attacked by boiling H20, cone HC1, or
HI+Aq Sol in cone HNO8 with decomp
on heating Not attacked by cold H2SO4
(Moissan, C R 113 726 )

B5P3 Not attacked by boiling cone HNO8
+Aq Insol m all solvents (Moissan )

Boron phosphoiodide
See Boron lodophosphide

Boron selemde, B2Sea

Violently decomp by H2O (Sabatier. C
R 112 1000)

Boroa bisulphide, B2S3

Decomp with violence with H20 Com-
bines with alcohol and ether (Fremy. A ch
(3) 38 312 )

Insol in most solvents, but si sol in PCla
without decomp , more sol in SC12, but does
not crystallize from the solution (Moissan,
C R 115 203)

Boron irxsulphide ammonia, B2S3,6NH3
Ppt (Stock, B 1901, 34 3042 )

Boron pentasulphide, B2S5

Decomp by H2O and alcohol (Moissan,
C R 115 271 )

Borosulphunc acid, BOHS04+S03

Decomp by H O (Schultz-Sellac, B 4
12)

B(HSO4)3 Very deliquescent Easily sol
in fuming H2S04 (D'Arcy, Chem Soc 65
155)

S02(O B0)2 Hydroscopic Dehquescent
Sol in H 0 with decomp Decomp by cold
alcohols (Pictet,Bull Soc 1908, (4) 3 1121 )

(SO3)2B2O3 Hydroscopic Dehquescent
Sol in H20 with decomp Decomp by cold
alcoholb (Pictet, Bull Soc 1908, (4) 3 1121 )

Bonwonotungstic acid, H4B2W9082 +

22H20 = 9W03, B2O3, 2H20+22H2O
feol in less than J/9 pt H2O, and as easily
sol in alcohol and ether Sp gr of aqueous
solution is somewhat under 3 (Klein, A ch
(5) 28 370 )

Aluminum borononotungstate, Al4(B2WgO32)3

+65H20
Extremely sol in H2O (Klein )

Ammonium , (NH4)4BoW9O3 -hl8H2O

Quickly effloresces (Klein )

112

BOROTUNGSTA1E, BARIUM

Barium boronowotungstate, Ba2B2W9O32-l-
19H20

Sol m 4 pts cold, and less than H pt hot
H20 (Klein )

Cadmium - , Cd2BoW9O32-f 18H20

Deliquescent

100 pts of salt dissolve in less than 8 pts
H20 at 19° fep gr of solution is 328
(Klein )

Sp gr of sat solution at 15 6°/4° =3 2887,
at 162°/4°=32868 (Kahlbaum, Z anorg
1902, 29 229 )

Calcium - , Ca2B21W9O3 -flSHiO

Sol in Vio pt H2O Solution has sp gr =
3 10 (Klein )

Cerium -- , Ce^WsCWa-f 57H2O
Very sol in H2O , sp gr of solution is over 3

Chromium - , Cr4(B2W«Qaa)s4- 74H2O

V<ry sol in H2O, sp gr of solution is 2 80
(Klein )

Cobalt - , Co2B;\\9O32H- 18H2O

Very sol in H2O, sp gr of solution sat at
19°«*Jb (Klun)

100 pts H2O dissolve 30b 8 pts a-nhydroub
Milt at 16 2°, 2S8 pts at 18 5°, 299 7 pts at
19 b°, 2% pts it 31 S°

Hp gi of solution sit it 192°/4°=3 1369
(Kahlbaum, Z anorg 1902,29 218)

Copper — , Cu B A\ ,(>« + 19H O

2") pts HiO dissolve 100 pts silt Sp gr
of solution = 2 l> (Klfin )

Lead -- , Pl> B \\,<>u + HH <>

Si sol in <old ( tsil\ sol in hoi II O
(Me in)

Lithium — -,(')

\d\ sol in HO Sj) gi of solution is
ihout -J

Magnesium - , Mj, B \\ .<>« f22U ()
\< i\ sol in II O i Klun )

Manganous - Mn B \\ ,O, + 17H O

l(M)j)ts (lissoK( in 1 > pts HO Sp gi oi
solution it 1() - * 1 > < Kh in )

Mercurous - , >Hfc<>, HO-,, <)\\O,+
1 1H O ( ')

I*n ( ipitah

Insol in HO 1 1\1« in j
Sol in 20,<XM) pts dil «>1<1
H\0,+ \<\ oi 1 12 sp

in<l 1000 pts

Nickel •— -, Ni B.\\ ,(), -flSH O

\<r> sol in II O sp tfi of sit solution it

]<) - i 12

KM) pts II O (hshohc 201 b pts it 21 2°
sp gr 157>°/4° of solution =2 2959

iKihlbunn, / inors 1902,29 218)

Potassium boronowotungstate, K4B2\\ )a,+
13H2O

5 pts salt dissolve in 8 pts H20 at 9° to
form a solution of 1 38 sp gr The s ution
sat at 100° has sp gr of over 2 (Kl n )

Silver , Ag4B2W9O32+14H20

Very si sol m H2O

Sodium , Na2H2B W9O32+23H«,O

Very sol in H2O Solution sat at 1 con-
tains 84 pts salt to 16 pts H2O (Kl n )

Na4B2W9O<,2+12H20 Sol m less t an V»
pt H2O

Thallium , T^BgWaOsa-fSHaO

i cold

SI sol in hot H2O and nearly msoi
H2O (Klein )

Uranyl , (UO3)3(B2W9O3o)2+30H

Very sol in H2O (Klein)
Sp gr of solution =3 1

Zinc , Zn2B2W9O32+2H20

Very sol in H2O Sp gr of solutior
(Klein )

Borodecttungstic acid

Barium borodecitungstate, Ba2B W

20H O
Sol m H O (Khm, C R 99 35 )

Borodaodeatungstic acid, H8B2Wi
4H O, B O«, 12 WO,

Known only m solution, which dec <
to boi oft0/i0tungbti? acid a,nd tungsi

into

\\htri <viporited to i ccitun conocr

(Mem, C R 99 35)

Barium potassium borof/wN/(citungsta
ilUO, KO, B/),, 12\\()»+2SH

Potassium - K«B2W, (>4,+21H <
Sol in H O (Mom )
2KO I2UO,, H 0,+ lSH O Sol

315

035-|-

iposts

icid,

ation

i H20

acid, llj 1 iVM0 i
-(ill O, HjO, H\V(),
His not b« n ohfuiud in tin

28

sUt<

Barium

ituonh ntungstate,

>i!'o2

S] sol in II O (Kldii )

Barium sodium -— , J'JiiO 1 >NiO,
>H O H ()„ ll\\(),-h2<)II O

Potassium , IK O, H O, B ()„ 1 WO,+

22H O

Sol in H O (M(in)
Silver \g,II B WJ4O4J4-7H O

N( u\y insol in cold H (> (Man
Sodium , Na4H«B W14O6,+29H )

Sol in H O (Klein)

BROMAURATE, MANGANESE

113

Sodium L strontium *oToquatuordecitun&ta.te,
3^SrO, !}^Na20, B208, 14WO8+29H20
Decomp by H20 (Klein)

'Boioundevigintitun.gsiLC acid

Can be cryst from H20 (Ebenhusen,
Dissert 1906)

acid, B203,

Deliquescent Somewhat more sol in H2O
thai?, ££3' 28W03+62H20 Also more
stable (Copaux, C R 1908, 147 975 )

Barium boToquattuoretvigintitonestSLte.
5BaO, B208j 24W03+54H20

100 pts H20 dissolve 50 pts salt (Copaux,
A ch 1909, (8) 17 217 )

6BaO, B203, 24W03-|-58H20 (Copaux,

Cadmium , 5CdO, B203, 24W03+

51H2O

Extremely sol in H20 (Copaux, I c )

Calcium , 5CaO, B203, 24W08+44H20

Very sol in H2O (Copaux, I c )

Lithium , 15Li2O, B208, 24W03+38HoO

(Copaux, I c )

Magnesium , 5MgO, B203, 24W03-|-

Very sol in H2O (Copaux, I c )

Mercurous , 9Hg2O, B 03, 24WO3-f-

25H O

(Copaux, I c )

Potassium , 5K2O, B203, 24W03-f

36H2O

(Copaux, / c )
Sodium , 5Na2O, B2O3, 24W03+5H20

Ab NH4 salt (Copaux, I c )

Boioquinquetvigmtitungstic acid

Potassium \)OToqui7iquetvigitntit\mgsts.tQJ

5K O, B203, 25W03 +34H20 (Ebenhusen,
Dissert 1906 )

Boroduodetngintatungstic acid, B2O3,

Decomp in boiling aqueous solution (Co-
p nix, C R 1908, 147 975 )

Potassium l>OToduodetngintat\rngsta.te, 6K 0.

B2O3, 28WO3+42H20
Decomp by boiling alkalies (Copaux.
A ch 1909 (8) 17 217 )

Borovanadic acid

Sol in H20 Easily decomp (Guyaid,
Bull Soc (2) 26 354 )

Metabromantimoxuc acid, HSbBr6+3H2O

Very hydroscopic Loses Br2 in the air
Decomp by H2O with separation of anti-
moruc acid (Wemland, B 1903, 36 256 )

Ammonium metobromantunonate,

Loses Br2 in the air Decomp by H2O
(Wemland, I c )

Iron (feme) wetobromantunonate,

Fe(SbBr6)34-14H2O

Very hydroscopic Decomp by H2O
(Weinland, I c )

Lithium wetabromantunonate, LoSbBre-f

4H2O

Very hydroscopic Loses Br2 in the air
Decomp by H20 (Wemland, I c )

Nickel metobromantimonate, Ni (SbBre) 2 +

12H2O

Hydroscopic Decomp by H20 (Wein-
land, I c )

Potassium ?netabromaxitimonate, KSbBr6+

H20

Loses Br2 in the air Decomp by H2O
(Wemland, I c )

Bromarsemous acid

See Arsenyl bromide
Bromatinc acid, HAuBr4+3H20

(Lengfeld, Am Ch J 1901, 26 329 )

+5H2O Very sol in H2O (Thomser
pr (2) 13 337 )

+6H2O Sol m ether and CHC13 without
decomp (Lengfeld, Am Ch J 1901, 26
329)

Ammonium bromaurate, NH*AuBr4

Ppt (Gutbier, Z anorg 1914, 86 358 )

Banum bromaurate

Not deliquescent Sol in H20 (v Bons-
dorff, Pogg 17 261 )

Caesium bromaurate, CsAuBr4

SI sol m H 0 or alcohol Insol m ether
(Wells and Wheeler, Sill Am J 144 157 )

Ppt (Gutbier, Z anorg 1914, 85 360 )

Cerium bromaurate, CeAuBr6+8H20

Sol m H O (John, Bull Soc (2) 21 533 )

Didymium bromaurate, DiAuBre+9H20
Very deliquescent Sol in H20 (Cleve )

Lanthanum bromaurate, LaAuBr6-f 9H20

Sol mH2O (Cleve)
Magnesium bromaurate

Deliquescent in moist an (v Bonsdorff )
Manganese bromaurate

Deliquescent (v Bonsdorff )

114

BROMAUHATE, POTASSIUM

Potassium bromaurate, KAuBr4

SI sol in HaO More sol m cold alcohol
than in H20 (v Bonsdorff )

+2H2O Sol in 5 12 pts H20 at 15°, I 56
pts at 40°, and 0 48 pt at 67° Decomp by
ether SI sol in KBr+Aq (Schottlander,
A 217 314)

+5H2O Efflorescent (v Bonsdorff)

Rubidium bromaurate, RbAuBr*
As caesium bromaurate
Ppt (Gutbier, Z anorg 1914, 85 359 )

Samarium bromaurate, SmAuBr6+10H20

Very deliquescent (Cleve, Bull Soc (2)
43 165)

Sodium bromaurate, NaAuBr4
Slowly sol in H2O (v Bonsdorff )

Zinc bromaurate, Zn(AuBr4)a
Very deliquescent (v Bonsdorff )

Bromauncyanhdnc acid

Not known in free state

Barium bromauncyamde, Ba[Au(CN)2Bro]2+

10H20

Very sol in hot or cold H20, also in alcohol
(Lindbom, Lund Umv Arsk 12 No 6 )

Cadmium bromauncyamde, Cd[Au(CN)i3r2]2

+6H2O

Very sol m hot or cold H2O, but solution is
unstable (Lindbom )

Calcium bromauncyamde, Ca[Au(CN)2Br2]2

+10H2C

Extremely sol in H/) and alcohol (Lind-
bom )

Cobalt bromauncyamde, Co[Au(CN)2Bi2]2+

9H20

Moderately sol m H2O Lesb sol than
other bromauricyamdes (Landbom )

Potassium bromauncyamde, KAu(CN)2I3i^

+3H20
Sol in H20 and alcohol

Sodium bromauncyamde, NiAu(CN)<!Br2 +

2H20

Very sol m H>() or alcohol
Strontium bromauncyamde, Si[Au(CN) Br ]2

Very sol m H O 01 al( ohol

Zinc bromauncyamde, Zn[Yu(GN) Bi ] +

8H20
Easily sol in cold or hot H ()

Bromhydnc acid, HBr

Very sol in H20

The most concentrated HBr + \q has x sp
gr of 1 78, and contains 82 02% HBr (Ch un-
pion and Pellat, C R 70 620 ) 1 his, 01 i
weak acid on heating leaves a i esidue w hu h

t°

Pts 1
HBr

t°

Pts 1
HBr

t°

*te

IBr

715
505
300

—25
—20
—15
—10

2 550
2 473
2 390
2 335

—5
0
+ 10-

+25

2 280
2 212
2 103
1 930

+50

+75
+ 100

distils unchanged at 125-1255° under T85
mm pressure, and contains 48 17% [Br
(Topsoe), at 126° under 758 mm pre= ire,
and contains 46 83% HBr (Bineau), an< has
sp gr - 1 486 at 20° (Bineau) , sp gr * 1
20° (Champion and Pellat), sp gr =1
20° (Topsoe)

According to Roscoe (A 116 214) ar icid
of constant composition, obtained by b
a stronger or a weaker acid, if distilled i
752-76? mm pressure, contains 47 38-47 _ ,w
HBr, and boils at 126° at 760 mm prei are,
but the composition is dependent 01 the
pressure, as, for example, under 1952 nm
pressure, the residue boils at 153°, anc
tains 46 3% HBr (Roscoe )

By conducting dry air through HB: hAq

3r if

Sat
at

ling
ider

6%

on-

an acid is obtained containing 51 65% ]
at 16°, and 49 35% HBr if at 100° (Re
Ivol H20 dissolves 600 =*=vols HBr t
(Berthelot, C R 76 679 )

1 pt H20 at t° and 760 mm pressu
dissolves pts HBr

oe)
10°

(Roozeboom, R t c 4 107 )

Absorption by 1 pt H/) at t° and p p sbiire
m mm

t°« —25°

p

Its FLBr

P

It HBr

7bO
300
140

2 550
2 2(>i
2 120

1(K)

1
0 r>

A 0%

1 7)^
! 10

t° ~ -

—20°

i>

Pts HBr

p

I i HIir

7bO
*7r)
ISO

2 47 i
2 2<>7
2 ll()

1 fO
20

())(>
Sr)0

tu= -

-lr>

p

I ts HKi

i>

i imi

7()()
470
250

2 MO

2 2M>
2 11<)

17r>
102

O.,l,
<)S()

t = -

-11 f

i>

I ts HHr

P

I HBr

760
r)7()

2 J50

2 2()5

110

2K>

us

055

BROMATE, ALUMINUM

115

—5°

Sp gr of HBr+Aq at 15°

760
730

Pts HBr

2 280
2 264

430
298

Pts HBr

2 117
2 055

= 0°

p

Pts HBr

P

Pts HBr

760
540

2 212
2 116

380
5

2 054
1 085

(Roozeboom, R t c 4 107 )
Sp gr ofHBr+Aq

Sp gr

1 055
1 075

089
097
118
131
164
200
232
253
302

% HBr Temp

7 67

10 19

11 94

12 96

15 37

16 92
20 65
24 35
27 62
29 68
33 84

14°
14°
14°
14°
14°
14°
14°
13°
13°
13°
13°

Sp gr

335
349
368
419
431
438
451
460
485
490

HBr Temp

36 67

37 86
39 13
43 12

43 99

44 62

45 45

46 09

47 87

48 17

13°
13°
13°
13°
13°
13°
14°
13°
14°
14°

(Topsoe, B 3 404 )
Sp gr of HBr+Aq at 14°

%HBr Sp

1

2
3
4
5
6
7
S
9

10
11
12
11
14
15
10
17

1 007

014
021
028
035

1
1
1
1

1 OSO

1 O'SS

1 075

1 OS I

i os<)

1 ()()7

1 !()()

1 114

1 122

1 HI

%HBr Sp gr

18
19
20
21
22
23
24
2r>
2<>
27
2S

51
52
55
54

1 140

1 149

1 158

1 167

1 176

1 186

1 19b

1 20b

1 215

1 225

1 235

1 246

1 257

1 26S

1 27<)

I 502

% HBr Sp gr

35
36
37

38
39

40
41
42
43
44
45
4b
47
4S
40

1 314

1 326

338

351

363

376

389

1 403

1 417

1 431

1 445

1 459

1 475

1 487

1 502

( lopsoc < il<ulit«l by (rdlioh, Z mil 27
•>}(>)

Sp gi of HBi+Aq it 15°

10
15
20

1 05S
1 077
1 177
1 H9

HHi Sp )i,r

30
55
40

1 204

I 252

1 505

I 3b5

/„ IlBr

4r>
r)()

1 455
1 515

Only i ' mexleritc degree of accuracy ' v
claimed foi this t ible (W nght, C N 23

242)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

Sp gr

0082

0155

0230

0305

038

046

053

061

069

077

085

093

102

110

119

127

136

18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34

Sp gr

145
154
163
172
181
190
200
209
219
229
239
249
260
270
281
292

1 303

%
HBr

35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

Sp gr

314
326
338

1 350

362
375
388
401
415
429
444
459
474
490
496
513

(Bxel, C C 1882 148 )
Absorbed by alcohol with formation of

The composition of the hydrates formed by
HBr at different dilutions is calculated from
determinations of the lowering of the fr pt
produced by HBr and of the conductivity
and sp gr of HBr+Aq (Jones, Am Ch J
1905, 34 326 )

+H2O (Roozeboom, R t c 5 363 )
+2H2O (Berthelot, A ch (5) 14 369 )
(Pickering Chem Soc 1894, 64 (2) 232
Mpt —11 2° (Pickering, I c )
+3H2O Mpt -—480° (Pickering)
+4H2O Mpt —558° (Pickering)
+5H2O (Pickering )

Bromhydnc cyanhydnc acid, 3HBr,
2HCN

Decomp by H20 and alcohol
Insol in ethei (Gautiei, A ch (4) 17
141)

Bromic acid, HBrOj

Known only in aqueous solution

Solution evaporated on watei bath ele com-
pose s when it (ontuns 426% HBrd In
vieuo, in icid containing 5059% HBrOj
<e>ri( spending to formal i HBiO^+TH O cm
be obt urn d

Notdocomp by dil HN()S, 01 tI2S()4H-Aq
Cem< H S()4 decompose &

Aleohol UK I etho tie quukly oxiehzed bv
HBrOj

Bromates

Moat e)f the bromatos are veiy sol in H O,
a few are si nol , but none aie insol , the leat-t
sol being AgBrO3 mel Hg (BiOj)j

Aluminum bromate, Al(BiC)j)a

Dehquebcent (Ramrnelbberg, Pogg 55
63)

+9H C) Mpt 62 3° I esb hygroscopic

116

BROMATE, AMMONIUM

than Al(C10a)« (Dobrosserdow, C C 1907
I, 1723 )

Ammonium bromate, NH4Br03

Decomposes spontaneously, sol in H2O
(Rammelsberg, Pogg 52 85 )

Barium bromate, Ba(BrO8)2

Solubility of Ba(BrQ3)2 m H20 100 g sat
Ba(BrO8)2H-Aq at t° contain g anhy-
drous Ba'BrO3)2

t°

grams
Ba(BrOs)a

t°

(jrrirns
BaCBrO )

Eutectic point

— 0 034° ±0 002°

0 280

50°

1 72

0°

0 286

60°

2 271 1

+10°

0 439

70°

2 922

20°

0 652

80°

3 521

25°

0 788

90°

4 26

30°

0 95

98 7°

5 256

40°

1 31

*99 65°

5 39

*9965° is bpt at 740 mm =10039° at
760 mm

(Anschut/, Z phys Ch 1906, 56 240 )

100 g sat Ba(Br03)2-f-Aq contain 0 793 g
Ba(BrO8)2 at 25° Sp gr of the solution
at 25°/4° * 1 0038 (Harkms J Am Chem
Soc 1911, 33 1815 )

Solubility of Ba(Br03)2 m saltb+Aq at 25°
C = concentration of salt in balt-j-Aq in milh-

equivalents per 1
di =Sp gr at 25°/4° of salt-f Aq
S = solubility of Ba(BrO3)2 m salt-f-Aq ex-
pressed m milhequivalents per 1
d2«sp gr at25°/4°of Ba(BrO3)2H-salt+Aq

Salt

c

di

b

(1

None

40 18

1 0038

KN03

25 018
50 032
99 970

25 01S
50 039
99 97
199 95

0 9985
1 0030
1 0033

1 0003
1 0025
1 0073
1 0183

43 86
47 03
52 13

1 0059
1 0081
1 0120

Ba(NO )2

36 77
34 74
32 63
30 95

1 0059
1 OOS3
1 0132
1 0233

KBrO3

Mg(N03)

24 988
49 971
99 S5

1 0001
1 0031
1 0093

2b 53
17 37

S 7b

1 0()4b
1 00(>2
1 0109

100 0

52 57

1 0114

(Harkms, J Am Chcrn So< 1911 33 1S15 )

-f H/) Sol in 130 pts cold, ind 24 pts
boiling H2O (Rammelsbng, Pogg 52 SI )

Decomp by H2feO4, or HCl+Aq

Insol in icetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

Bismuth bromate

Known only m solution, which decom on
evaporation (Rammelsberg, Pogg 56 > )

Cadmium bromate, Cd(BrO3)2+H20
Sol in 0 8 pt cold H20 (Rammel* erg,

Pogg 55 74)

+2H20 (Topsoe, J B 1872, 164 )

Cadmium bromate ammonia, Cd(B] >3)2,
3NH8

Decomp by H20 (Rammelsberg, Dgg
65 74)

Cd(Br03)2, 4NH3 Ppt (Ephrain B
1915, 48 51 )

Calcium bromate, Ca(Br03)2-f H2O

Sol in 1 1 pts cold H2O (Rammel erg,
Pogg 62 98)

Cerous bromate, Ce(Br03)3+9H20
Easily sol m H20 (Rammelsberg, ogg

55 C3)
Mpt 49°, very sol in H2O with de >mp

(James, J Am Chem Soc 1909, 31 91 )

Cobaltous bromate, Co(BrO3)2+6H20

Sol in 22 pts cold H20, sol m N 4OH
-fAq (Rammelsberg, Pogg 56 71 )

Cupnc bromate, basic, 6CuO, Br20c-f 1 i20
Ppt (Rammelsberg, Pogg 56 78 )

Cupnc bromate, Cu(BrO,)2+6H2O

Easily sol in H20 (Rammelsbeig, *ogg
52 92)

Cupnc bromate ammonia, Cu(Br03) VH3
Completely sol m a little H O, b do-

comp by dilution

Insol in alcohol (Rimmdsbcig, P<i * 52

92)

Didymium bromate, Di(I3i(),)j-f 9H (»
Sol m H () (M

ultly
275)

Dysprosium bromate, Dy(Bi<){)j-f-(*H
Mpt 7S° I isily sol in H O J)if
sol in alcohol (Jintsch, 13 1911 44

911 <)

H

)

Erbium bromate,

Vc ry sol in ihohol UK!

lucmum bromate

D( liquc s( ( nt

Iron (ferrous) bromate, 1 < (BiO,)
Sol in HO, but solution du
ahily

[ron (ferric) bromate, )!((), Bi () -f

Putnlly s >1 in H () \\itli s< p u iti i) of \
noic b isic silt Sol in HB(),-f-\<i Hun
nclsbcig Pogg 55 (>S )

Lanthanum bromate, I uBiOJ »+9H i

Sol in i1^ pts Ii,() it 15° (M iyiu,

Vnn Mm (5) 15 274 )

Mpt $75° in its vvitu of n>stil ition

416 pts are sol in 100 pts II () t 25°

limes, J \m Choin Soc 1909,31 13)

)H 0

BROMATE, POTASSIUM

117

Lead bromate, basic, 3PbO, Pb(Br08)2+

2EUO
Ppt (Stromholm, Z anorg 1904, 38 441 )

Lead bromate, Pb(Br08)2

SI S3l mHoO 1337x10-^ are contained
in 1 liter of sat solution at 20° (Bottger,
Z phys Ch 1903, 46 603 )

4-H20 Sol m 75 pts cold H20 (Ram-
melsberg, Pogg 52 96 )

Lithium bromate, LiBr08

Very deliquescent, and sol in H20 (Ram-
melsberg, Pogg A 55 63 )

Not deliquescent (Politilitzm. B 23
545 R)

Sp gr of solution sat at 18° ==1833, and
contains 604% LiBr08 (Mylms, B 1897,
30 1718)

-fH20 Not deliquescent (Potihtzm )

Magnesium bromate, Mg(BrO3)2-l-6H2O

Efflorescent Sol in 1 4 pts cold H20 at
15° Melts m its water of crystallization when
heated (Rammelsberg, Pogg 52 89 )

Mercurous bromate, basic, 2Hg2<3,

Insol in warm H20 Sol m HN03+Aq
(Rammelsberg, Pogg 55 79 )

Mercurous bromate, Hg2(Br03)2

Decomp by H20 into basic salt Difficultly
sol in HN03-|- Aq, easily sol m HCl-j-Aq
(Rammelsberg )

Mercuric bromate, basic, 2HgO, Br206+H20
Slowly decomp by cold, quickly by hot

into oxide and an acid salt
Easily sol m dil acids (Topsoe, W A B

66, 2 2 )

Mercuric bromate, HgBr03+2H20

Sol in 650 pts cold, and 64 pts boiling
H20 SI sol m HNOs+Aq Easily sol m
HCl-h4q (Rammelsberg, Pogg 55 79)

Mercuric bromate ammonia

Sol \vith decomp m HCl+Aq (Storer's
Diet)

Neodymium bromate, Nd(BrO3)3-f-9H2O

Mpt bb 7° 146 pts are sol in 100 pts
H2O it 25° (James, J Am Chem Soc
1909, 31 915 )

Nickel bromate, Ni(BrOj)2+6H2O

feol m 3 5S ptb cold H/) (Rammelsberg,
Pogg; 55 09)

Nickel bromate ammonia, Ni(BrO3)2, 2NH3
Sol m H2O, with decomposition of the

majoi portion Insol in alcohol (Rammels

berg, / < )

Ni(BrOj)2> 6NH8 Ppt (Ephraim, B

1915, 48 50 )

Potass um bromate, KBrO3

100 pte H2O dissolve 6 58 pts KBr03 at
15° (Rammelsberg) 100 pts H20 dissolve
5 83 pts KBr03 at 17 1° (Pohl W A B 6

%KBr08
Sp gr

1
1009

2

1016

3
1024

4
1031

5
1039

%KBrOs
Sp gr

6
1046

7
1054

8
1062

9
1070

10
1079

(Gerlach, Z anal 8 290 )
Solubility of KBr08 in salts +Aq at 25°

Salt

Moles of KBrOj sol m 1 liter of

5-N
solution

N
solution

2-N
solution

3-N
solution

4-N
solution

NaN03
NaCl

0 5745
0 5220

0 6497
0 5616

0 7680
0 6042

0 9026
0 6244

1 031
0 640

595), at 0°, 3 11 pts , at 20°, 6 92 pts , at 40°,
13 24 pts , at 60°, 22 76 pts , at 80°, 33 90 pts ,
at 100° 49 75 pts KBrO3 Sat solution boils
at 104° (Kremers, Pogg 97 5 )

I 1 H20 at 25° dissolves 04715 moles
KBr03 (Geffcken, Z phys Ch 1904, 49
296)

I 1 H2O dissolves 0 478 mol KBrO3 at 25°
(Rothmund, Z phys Ch 1909, 69 539 )

Sp gr of KBr08+Aq at 19 5°

(Geffcken, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 296 )

Easily sol in liquid HF (Franklin, Z
anorg 1905, 46 2 )
SI sol in alcohol (Rammelsberg )
Insol in absolute alcohol

Solubility m organic compds +Aq at 25°

boh ent

Mol KBrO3 sol in
1 litre v

Water

0 478

0 5-N Methyl alcohol

0 444

Ethyl alcohol

0 421

Propyl alcohol

0 409

Tert amyl alcohol

0 383

Acetone

0 425

Ether

0 395

1* ormaldehyde

0 397

Glycol

0 448

Glycerine

0 451

Manmtol

0 451

Glucose

0 463

Sucrose

0 431

Urea

0 477

Dimethyl pyronc

0 47S

Ammonia

0 445

Diethylamim

0 384

Pyndine

0 415

Piperidme

0 39b

Ui ethane

0 4:H

Formamidc

0 47 J

Acetanudc

0 445

Glycjcoil

0 501

Acetic acid

0 45()

' Phenol

0 42b

1 Methylal

0 405

' Methyl acetate

0 420

(Rothmund, Z phys Ch 1909, 69 539 )

118

BROMATE, PRASEODYMIUM

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329 )

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1910, 43 314 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)

Praseodymium bromate, Pr(Br03)3+9H2O

Mpt 56 5° 190 pte are sol in 100 pts
H2O at 25° (James, J Am Chem Soc
1909,31 914)

Samarium bromate, Sm(Br03)3+9H20

Mpt 75° 114 pts are sol in 100 pts H20
at 25° Very si sol in alcohol (James, J
Am Chem Soc 1909, 31 915 )

Scandium bromate

(Crookes, Roy Soc Proc 1908, 80, A, 518 ]
Silver bromate, AgBr08

1 pt H20 dissolves 0 00810 pt AgBr08 ai
24 5° (Noyes, Z phys Ch 6 246 )

Sol in 595 3 pts H20 at 25°

Sol in 320 4 pts HN03+Aq (sp gr 1 21'
at 25°

Sol in 2 2 pts NH4OH+Aq (sp gr 096)
at 25° (Longi, Gazz ch it 13 87 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 1 71 g AgBrO3 at 27£
(Whitby, Z anorg 1910, 67 108 )

SI sol in H20 1 59 x 10-4 g are con-
tained in 1 liter of sat solution at 20r
(Bottger, Z phys Ch 1903, 46 603 )

Tnsol in HNO3 (Lowig ) Easily sol in

ate ammonia, AgBrO3, 2NH3
in air or by H 0 (Rammels
62 94)

mate, NaBr03

KJU ^ / pts HoO at 15° (Rammelbbeig )
100 pts H20 dissolve at—
0° 20° 40° 60° 80° 100°
27 54 34 48 50 25 62 5 75 75 90 9 pts NaBr03
(Kramers, Pogg 94 271 )

Easily forms supersaturated solutions
Sat solution boils at 109° (Krcmers )
NaBrOg+Aq containing 1010% NaBr03

hasspgr 20°/20° = 1 0818

NaBr03+Aq containing 1109% NaBi03

hassp gr 20°/20° = 1 0900

(Le Blanc and Rohland, 2 phys Ch 1890

19 278)

Sp gr of NaBi03+Aq at 19 5°

%NaBr03
Sp gr

5

I 041

10
1 083

15
1 129

%NaBr03
Sp gr

20
1 178

25
1 231

30
1 289

(Kremers, Pogg 97 5, calculated by Gerlach,
Z anal 8 290 )

Model ately sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin,
Am Ch J 1898, 20 829 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann. B
1909, 42 3790 )

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann. B
1910,43 314)

Sodium bromate bromide, 3NaBr03. 2NaBi
+3H20

Decomp by H20 or alcohol (Fntzsche )
Strontium bromate, Sr(BrOa)2+H 0

Sol in 3 pts H20 (Rammelsberg, Pogg 52
84) , less sol in H2O than SrBr2 +6H O (Lo-
wig)

Thallous bromate, TlBr03

SI sol in hot H20, easily sol inHNO34-4.q
(Oettmger )

Easily sol in H20 and dil acids (Ditte*
A ch (6) 21 145 )

Terbium bromate, Tb(BrO8)3+9H2O

Not deliquescent (Potratz, C N 1905,
92, 3 )

Thallous bromate, TlBr03

1 1 H20 at 39 75° dissolves 2 216 x 10-
g mol (Noyes and Abbott, Z phys Ch
1895, 16 130 )

SI sol m H20 3 46 x 10-1 giam are con-
tained in 1 liter of sat solution at 20° (Bott-
ger, Z phys Ch 1903, 46 603 )

Thalhc bromate, Tl(Br03)3-h3H O

Very hydroscopic Easily decomp by H20
(Gewecke, Z anorg 1912, 75 275 J

Thulium bromate, lm2(BrG3)6 + lsH O
Pptd from sat aqueous solution by <)5%

alcohol
NH4OH ib the best pioupitint (Junes..

J Am Chem Soc 1911, 33 H42 )

Tin (stannous) bromate ( •>)

Inbol m H2O, sol in HC1+ \q
Uranyl bromate, 4U()3, iHi <)f-H<>H O

Sol in H 0 (R unimlsbdg )
Yttrium bromate, Y(Bi<>i)»+()n < )

Moie eafeily sol in H O th in \ i 1( ),) , si
sol in alcohol Insol m<th<i i(l<\< )

Mpt 74° 1(>S pts uc sol inlOOpts II (>
at 25°

SI sol in doohol ( J UIK s, J \m (In in
Soc 190<), 31 91(>)

',mc bromate, /n(Hi(),) -f (>II O

Sol in 1 pt (old H O (RumiHlslxru
3ogg 52 90)

Zinc bromate ammonia, /n(Bi(),) 2NH3-f

Dtcomp by JI () ind ihohol Sol in
H4OH4-Aq (Kuinn< lsh( ig, Pogg 52 <)0 )
Zn(Br03)2) 4NH, Ppt (1 phi urn, B
915,48 51)

'erbrormc acid
bee Perbromic acid

BROMINE

119

Bromides

Most bromides are sol in H2O, many in
alcohol, and some in ether

AgBr and Hg2Br2 are insol in H20 or acids,
PbBr2 and TIBr are si sol therein Cu2Br2
is msol IP H20, sol in acids

See under each element

Bromine, Br<>

1 pt Br dissolves at 15° in 33 pts H2O
(Lowig, Pogg 14 485 )

1 pt Br dissolves at 15° in 31 pts H20
(Dancer, Chem Soc 15 477 )

Solubility of Br in 100 pts H2O at t°

t

Pts Br

t°

Pts Br

t°

Pts Br

5
10

3 600
3 327

15
20

3 226
3 208

25
30

3 167
3 126

(Dancer, 1 c )

A sat aqueous solution of Br contains
4 05% Br at 0°, 3 80% Br at 3°, 3 33%Br at
10° (Roozeboom, R t c 3 29, 59, 73, 84 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 34 g Br at 25° ( Jakow-
kin, Z phys Ch 1896, 20 25 )

I pt is sol in 30 pts H20 (Dietze, Chem
Soc 1899, 76 (2) 150 )

100 pts H20 dissolve at

0° 10 34° 19 96° 30 17° 40 03° 49 85°
4 167 3 740 3 578 3 437 3 446 3 522
pts bromine

Liquid bromine at> t>uch is msol in H2O,
only the vapor dissolves (Wmkler, Ch Z
1899, 23 688 )

I 1 H20 dissolve 33 95 g Br, at 25° (Mc-
Lauchlan, Z phys Ch 1903, 44 617 )

Solubility of bromine vxpoi in H 0 at tc
ot =

Solubility of bromine vapor
(Mean of many determinations)

Temp

Pressure

Absorption coefficient

0 0
9 94°
20 46
30 38
40 31
50 25
60 04
69 98
80 22

56-13mm
89-16
138-9
179-12
229-26
274-53
314-46
154-54
396-74

60 53
35 22
20 87
13 65
9 22
6 50
4 84
3 82
2 94

Solubility of liquid bromine
(The mean of many determinations)

Temp

0°

1034°

1996

3017°

4003°

4985°

Pts H20
that
dissolve J
1 pt Br2

34 0

26 74

27 94

29 10

29 02

28 38

t

a

t

a

0

(>() 5

42

b to

>

54 I

44

7 9

4

IS 3

46

7 4

(>

4 i 3

4S

to 9

S

3S <)

50

(> 5

10

35 i

52

to 1

12

31 5

54

5 S

14

2S 4

56

5 4

](>

25 7

5S

5 1

IS

2* 4

(>()

4 9

20

21 3

62

4 to

22

19 4

64

4 4

24

17 7

(>()

4 2

2(>

Ito 3

(>S

4 0

2S

15 0

70

3 S

30

1 i S

72

3 to

32

12 7

74

3 4

34

11 7

76

3 3

36

10 9

78

3 1

38

10 1

SO

3 0

40

9 4

(Winkkr, Ch Z 1899, 23 688 )

Much less Br2 is sol in ice cold H20 in the
presence of bromine hydrate

Solubility in presence of bromine hydrate
(The mean of many determinations)

Temp

0°

512°

Pts H20 that dissolve
1 pt Br2

42 39

26 26

(Wmkler, Ch Z 1899, 23 688-689 )

Solubility of Br2 in H2O at 25° «0 21 mols
in 1 1 (Bray, J Am Chem Soc 1910, 32
398)

&p gr of Br2-f-Aq containing pts Br in
1000 pts solution

Pts Br

SP M-

Pis JJ,

Sp fer

10 72
10 68
12 05
12 21

1 00901
1 00931
1 00995
1 01223

18 74-19 06
19 52-20 09
20 89-21 55
31 02-31 69

1 01491
1 01585
1 01807
1 02367

(Mcssoi, N tdm Phil J 7 287 )

Sp gi of Hi +Aq tt 32 5°

% 13 j by weight

0 7214

1 1172
1 6448

1 9956

2 5%0

Sp gi

0 999S14

1 002520
1 006100
1 OOS870-
1 013200

(Joseph, Chan So< 1915,107 3)

Sol m <on( HC1, HBi, cone solutions of
bromides, md in liquid bO (Scstuu, Zeit
Ghcm 1868 718)

Much more sol in HCl-j-Aq than m H2()

100 ccm HCl+Aq of 1 153 sp gr dissolve
36 4 g Bi at 12°

More sol in SrChj and BaCl2+Aq than m
H2O (Berthelot, C R 100 761 )

120

BROMINE

Bromine is not more sol in KBr-f-Aq than
m H20 (?) (Balard )
KBr+Aq containing 1 pt KBr to b pts
H20 takes up as much Br as it already con-
tains, when this solution is heated the dis-
solved Br is separated Ipt KBr-flpt H20
takes up twice as much Br as it already con-
tains, much heat being evolved This solu-
tion loses Br on exposure to the air or when
heated (Lowig )

Solubility of Br2 ID KBr-J-Aq

Solubility m 1 liter Na2SO4-f Aq at 25°

Na2S04-fAq

g Bromine

1-N
Vr-N
V4-N
Vs-N
Vi6-N

25 07
29 20
31 33
32 94
33 26

(Jakowkm, I c )
Solubility in 1 liter NaNO3+Aq at 25°

g Mols
KBr per 1

g at Br dissolved
per 1 at 18 5°

g at Br dissolved
perl at 26 5°

0 00

0 01
0 02
Q03
0 04
005
0 06
007
0 08
0 09
0 1
0 2
03
04
0 5
0 6
0 7

04448
0 4634
04823
0 5049
0 5243
0 5431
05668
0 5895
0 6059
0 6301
0 6533
08718
1 0549
1 3124
1 5436
1 7712
2 0006
2 2354
2 4851

0 4282
0 4490
0 4671
0 4925
0 5101
0 5301
0 5530
0 5636
0 5920
0 5981
0 6488
0 8591
1 0787
1 2704
1 4731
1 6717
1 9197
2 1029
2 3349

NaNO3+Aq

g Bromine

1-N
Vr-N
V4-N
Vs-N

ViHsr

*>8 80

31 35
32 62
33 33

33 74

(Jakowkm, I c )
Solubility in salts +Aq at 25°

Salt +Aq

g Bra sol m 1 liter

Vr-N Na2SO4
Vr-N K2S04
Vr-N (NH4)2S04
N NaN03
N KN03
N NH4N03
N NaCl
N KC1
N NH4C1

23 90

24 SO
77 7
28 00
28 95
55 15
55 90
57 40
82 2

Ine above figures indicate that below a
concentration of 0 1 g rncl KBr per 1 just
enough Br is dissolved to form KBr3, while
above that concentration somewhat larger
amounts of Br are dissolved, which is greater
at the lower temp
fWorley, Chem Soc 1905, 87 1109 )

(McLauchlan, Z phys Ch 1903, 44 b!7 )
Solubility in HgBr2+Aq o,t 25°

10 PfWl of fV»f» wr\liif«r»n /^r\r\f 1 1 »-»

Solubility of Br2 in NaBr-j-Aq at 25°

g NaBr per 1

g atoms Br2 per 1

Sp «r

92 6
160 5
205 8
255 8
319 7
359 0

408 3

2 479
4 345
6 195
8 575
13 65
16 04
19 2*
20 85

1 213
1 372
1 515
1 67S
1 997
2 H7
2 *27
2 420

(Bell, J Am Chem So< 1912, 34 14 )

Solubility in salts-f-Aq
Solubility in 1 liter K2SO4 + \q it 25°

KaSO*+Aq

1? Bromine

1-N
Vr-N
Vr-N
Vs-N
Vir-N

25 14
2Q 44
31 46
32 70

33 10

i

(Jakowkin, 2 phys Ch 1896, 20, 26 ) <

Milhmols
2 125
2 204
2 21b
2 22b

2 2n

Hi

Milhrnols
0

() ()%()
0 ()7<H
() 12St

0 2120

(Huz mdPiul, 2 inorg l(H4 85 21r>)

1 1 NMI4CJI,() + \q dissolve UO r> K
*2 it 25° (Md UK hi in Z phys Ch !<)(){
44 617)

Misuhh in ill proportions with liquid NO
rPrinkluid, Clurn So( !<)()!, 79 M(>1 )

More sol in ilcohol thin in JI O, nnstiblc
with(thd,CS^, CllC I, (Scstini, /(it Cluin
1868 718)

Some whit soluble m^l>«im< (IMou/( )
Sol in Ixn/cm (M inshdd), insol in b< nz< tu
(Monde. A (h (3) 39 452) Sol in wirn
chloril, brorn d md lodal (I ovug, Fogg 14
485 ) Sol in SCI (Solly) and SHi Sol n
cone HC2H3O +\q (Balard) Sol n
aqueous solution of potassium, sochurn, or cal
cium acetates (Cihourb )

BROMINE

121

Solubility in CS2

100 g of the sat solution contain at
—95° —110 5° —116°

45 4 39 0 36 9 g Br2

(Arctowski, Z anorg 1896, 11 274 )
Cryst from CS2 at —90° m fine needles
(Arctowski, Z anorg 1895, 10 25 )

Sp gr of Br2+CCl4at 325°

% Br2 by weight Sp gr

1 5449 1 58014

1 6454 1 58060

1 7990 1 58168

2 6676 1 58812

3 5833 1 59526
(Joseph, Chem Soc 1915, 107 3 )

Sp gr of Br2-H nitrobenzene at 32 5°
% Br2 by weight Sp gr

1 5643 1 20225

3 2323 1 21449

4 6462 1 92518
6 1826 1 23603

(Joseph, Chem Soc 1915, 107 3 )

Very sol in benzomtnle (Naumann, B
1914,47 1369)

Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II, 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4328 )

Partition of Br2 between water and other

solvents
W^millimols Bromine in 10 ccm of the

aqueous layer
G=milhmols Bromine in 10 ccm of the

A

C

N=C/A

7 545
4 109
2 660
2 544
1 740
1 2878
0 8073
0 5046

691 9
338 6
217 4
207 7
140 38
103 7
64 44
39 64

91 71
82 41
81 72
81 66
80 67
80 51
79 83
78 38

Partition of Br2, etc — Continued

Other solvent

CS2

7 750
10 600
14 696
17 999
26 345
40 625
57 038

w

1015
1387
1910
2352
3467
5194
7160

76 35
76 44
76 98
76 54
75 99

78 21

79 66

(Herz, Z Elektrochem, 1910, 16 871 )

Partition coefficient for bromine between

and H20 at 25°C

A = concentration of the water layer
C = concentration of the CS2 layer

Partition coefficient for bromine between

CHBr3 and H2O at 25°C
A = concentration of the water layer
C = concentration of the CHBr3 layer

other layer

A

C

N=C/A

Other solvent

G

w

c/w

5 424

3 838
2 368
1 348
0 766
0 366

373 6

264 7
161 5
90 17
50 49
23 62

68 88
68 80
68 19
6b 90
65 84
64 85

ecu

1 949
7 008
12 171
39 880
54 574

0 0853
0 3085
0 5300
1 3132
1 5560

22 73
22 71
23 13
30 32
35 01

Partition coefficient for bromine between CC14
and HjO at 25°C
A = concentration of the water layer
C = concentration of the CC14 layer

75% by vol CC14

+25% by vol OS

3 567
7 304
10 833
13 922
17 230
25 637
40 b25
54 035

0 0985
0 1910
0 2,900
0 3720
0 4580
0 6580
0 9940
1 2080

37 06
38 15
37 36
37 42
37 62
38 96
40 88
44 73

A

C

N=C/A

14 42
10 80
7 901
7 Ib3
(> 803
5 051
3 216
2 054
1 2bb
0 7711
0 57bl
0 4476
0 3803
0 2478

545 2
372 2
252 8
225 8

218 5
172 b
94 84
58 3b
55 92
21 53
15 72
12 09
10 27
6 691

37 82
34 44
32 01
31 52
32 12
30 54
29 48
28 41
28 37
27 92
27 2b
27 02
27 00
27 00

50% by vol CG14 +
50% by vol CS

3 592
b 820
10 148
13 866
16 616
42 975
55 9b5

0 0784
0 1487
0 2206
0 3065
0 3688
0 8086
0 9960

45 82
46 85
46 01
45 24
45 05
53 15
56 19

25% by vol CC14
+75% by vol CS2

5 753
10 902
26 724
41 314
55 526

0 0884
0 1682
0 4970
0 6331
0 8520

65 05
64 82
65 65
65 26
b5 17

(Jakowkin, Z phys Ch 1895, 18 588 )

122

BROMINE CHLORIDE

Partition of bromine between CC14 an<

salts -fAq

A = concentration of Br in H20 layei
C = concentration of Br in CC14 layer

Partition of Br* between CC14 and NaNOaH
Aq at 25°

NaN03+Aq

A

C

1-N

V/-N
Vi-N
Vs-N

VW-N

7 905
8 763
9 033
9 200
9 399

316 7
319 5
315 7
316 7
319 3

(Jakowkin, Z phys Ch 1896, 20, 25 )

Partition of Br* between CC14 and K2S04-f-
Aq at 25°

K SOi-l-Aq

A

c

1-N
l/2-N
V4-N
Vr-N
V«rN

5 982
6 843
7 354

7 585
7 498

255 4
253 4
252 8
250 3

242 3

(Jakowkm, I c )

Partition of Br2 between CC14 and Na2S04-{-
Aq at 25°

NaS04+Aq

N
Vir-N

A.

C

5 934
6 838
7 402
7 609
7 713

254 6
253 4
254 4
252 8
251 2

f Jakowkm, / c )

Ciystalhzes at 4° with 10H 0
Bromine chloride, BrCl

Sol in H20, CS2, ether, etc
Bromine fluoride, BiF3

Fumes in the air Decomp by H O (Le-
beau, C R 1905, 141 1019 )

Bromine oxides

No oxides of bioimne ire known in the ficc
state See hypobiomous, biomic, and pu-
bromic acids

Bromindic acid

Ammonium brommdate, (NH4) JrBrfc

Less sol in cold H20 than th( K silt
(Bnnbaum, Zeit Chem 1865 22 )

Very sol m cold H 0 (Gutbier, B 1909,
42 3910)

Caesium brommdate, (\JrBi6

Sol mH20 (Gutbier, B 1909, 42 3911 )
Potassium bromiridate, K2IrBrc

Moderately sol m cold, more easily in hot
H20

Insol m alcohol or ether
Sol in cold H20 and in HBr+Aq
bier, B 1909, 42 3910 )

(Gut-

Rubidium brommdate, Rb2IrBr6

Very sol in cold H20 Sol m hot dil
HBr+Aq (Gutbier, B 1909, 42 3911 )

Sodium brommdate

Deliquescent Easily sol in H20, alcohol,
or ether

Bromindous acid, H6Ir2Bn2-|-6HoO

Easily sol in H 0, alcohol, or ether (Birr-
baum, 1864 )

Ammonium bromnidite, (NH4)6I>2Bri24-H20
Difficultly sol in H20 (Birnbaum )

Potassium bromindite, K6Ir2Brio-f 6H20
Efflorescent Sol in H20

Silver bromiridite, Ag6Ir2Bri2
Ppt Insol in H20 or acids

Sodium bromindite, Na6Ir2Bri2+24H2O
Ef&oiescent Very sol in H20

Bromocarbonatoplatmcfoamine carbon-

ate, ^8[Pt(N2H6)2]2(C03)2+4H20
Ppt

3romocarbonatoplatm^amine carbonate
bromoplatmcfoamine nitrate,

, 2Bi Pt(N
(1NOS)2

Jromochloroplatmdiamine chloride,

Voiy si sol m HO (Ch v< )
— chlorobromide, r] Ft ?f Jr r.

Vciy bl sol m HO
Bromochlororoplatimc acid

Potassium bromochloroptetinate, K PtCl Bi

(Pitkm, J Am Chem Soc 2 40S )

Mixture (Herty J Am Chem Soc lb%,
8 130)

K2PtCl4Bi2 SI sol m cold PI () much
more sol m hot H20 (Pitkm )

Mixture (Herty )

J\2PtCl3Br3 As above

K PtCl2Br4 (Pigeon, A ch lbf)4, (7) 2
88)

K PfcClBr (Pitkm )

iromo chromic acid

^tassium bromochromate, KCiCJ Bi =
CrO,(Bi)OK

Decomp by H20
25)

(HemUe, J pr (2) 4

BROMONITRATOPLATINAMINE NITRATE

123

Ihbromochroinmm. chloride,

[Cr(H20)4Br21Cl+2H20
Ppt Nearly insol in fuming HC1 (Bier-
rum, B 1907, 40 2918 )

Bromohydroxyloplafcrufoamine bromide,

(^CPt(N2H6Br)2
Very si sol ID H20 (Cleve )

- chloride, ^ Pt(N2H6Cl)o
Sol mH20 (Cleve)

- nitrate, ^f Pt(N2H6N03)2

Very si sol in cold, moderately sol in hot
H20 (Cleve )

Bromohydroxyloplatinwonocfoamine

nitrate Br Pt (NH,)JN08 , TT O

nitrate, QHPt NH3N03 +H2O
Easily sol in H2O (Cleve )

Bromomercurosulphurous acid

Ammonium bromomercurosulphite,

NH4SO3HgBr
Sol in H O (Barth, Z phys Ch 9 215 )

Potassium bromomercurosulphite,

KSOaHgBi
Ab above (B )

Bromomolybdenum bromide,

Bi4MojBi = molybdenum cfabromide,
MoBr
Inbol in H O 01 uids, or even in boiling

aqua legu }* isilv sol in dilute, decomp by

cone ilk ih<s-|-Aq (Blomstrind, J pr 82

43b)

Bromomolybdenum chloride, Bi4Mo3Cl +

mo

Insol in Kids (Blomsti ind )

Bromomolybdenum chromate, Hi4MojGiO4 +

2110

Insol in <lil uids Sol in hot cone HC1
-fAq Insol in ilk ill < hioni it(s-|-Aq (At
tnbcig )

Bromomolybdenum fluoride, Bi4MojlH +

ill O
Insol m H C ( \1tnlxig )

Bromomolybdenum hydroxide, Bi4Mo,j(OH)

Gompli tc ly bol in ilk ih< s if not IK itul ov( i
()()° (Attcitxig)

Bromomolybdenum iodide hydroxide,
JBi.MoJ,, Br4Mo(J(OH)2+8H O

Piecipitatc (Blombtrand, J pr 77 92)
Bromomolybdenum molybdate, Br4Mo3MoO4

Precipitate (Atterberg )

Bromomolybdenum phosphate,

Br4Mo3H4(PO4)2
Precipitate Insol in H2O (Atterbeig )

Bromomolybdenum sulphate, Br4Mo3$O4H-
3H2O

Precipitate SI sol m boiling H3S04
(Atterberg )

Dibromoxnolybdous acid, MoOBr^OE) -h

Sol in H2O Very hydroscopic (Wein-
land, Z anorg 1905, 44 86 )

Teirabromomolybdous acid, MoBr*(OH) +

2H20

Sol in H O Hydroscopic (\\ einland,
I c)

Z>z ammonium ?^e;^abromomolybdJite,
MoBi60(NH4)2

Hydioscopic Sol in H»0 (We;nland,
I c)

jDicsesium pewiabromomolybdite,

MoBr6OCs2

Hydroscopic Sol in HJ3 (Weinland,
I c)

Calcium teirabromomolybdite, (MoBr4O)oCa

+7HO
Hydroscopic Sol jn H20 (Weinland, I c

^etrabromomolybdite,
MoBr4(OLi)+4HO

Hydioacopic Sol m H20 ("W einland,

I c)

Magnesium /K^/abromomolybdite,
MoBu(OMg)+7H20

Hydioscopic Sol in H 0 (\\emlantl,
/ c)

140;ropotassium U i/abromomolybdite,

MoBi4(()K)+2H()
Hydioscopu Sol in HO (\\tmhnd,

7>ipotassium
MoBrb()Ks

Ilydiost opi( Sol in HO (\\unlind,

MoBrt()Rb,
Hydroboopic Sol in HO (\\tinluul,

/ O

Bromonitratoplatmcfoanune mtrate,

Bi p,NaH6NO,
NO, * fc NaHeNO,
Decomp by H 0 (Cleve)
Br

sulphate, PtCNJIJ >SO4+H O

SI sol mH?0

122

BROMINE CHLORIDE

Partition of bromine between CC14 and

salts -f-Aq

A = concentration of Bi in H20 layei
^^concentration of Br m CC14 layer

Partition of Br2 between CC14 and NaNO8-h

NaNOj+Aq

4

C

1-N
V>~N
VHST

Vs-N
Vio-N

7 905
8 763
9 033
9 200
9 399

316 7
319 5
315 7
316 7
319 3

( Jakowkin, Z phys Ch 1896, 20, 25 )

Partition of Bi* between CC14 and K2SO4+
Aq at 25°

IvSCh-hAq

A

C

1-N
Vi-N
Vr-N
Vs-N
Vie-N

5 982

6 843
7 354

7 585
7 498

255 4
253 4
252 8
250 3

242 3

(Jakowkin, Z c )

Partition of Br2 between CC14 and Na2S04+
\q at 25°

Na SO 4 +Aq

\

C

1-N

V-N
"4 N
Vs-N
V«-N

o 934
b 838
7 402
7 609
7 713

254 6
253 4
254 4
252 8
251 2

( J ikowkm, / c )

Ciystxlhzes it 4° with 10H 0
Bromine chloride, BiCl

Sol m H2(>, CS , cthei, etc
Bromine fluoride, Bi F3

I uims in the in Dcoomp by H O (1 <»-
b( ui C R 1905, 141 1010 )

Bromine oxides

\ o oxide s of bi oinnu u t kno^ n in UK fi u
st it( h(( h^|)obiomous, bioinic, and p(i-
bioinu Kids

Brommdic acid

Ammonium bromindate, (NH4)jliBifi

l<ss sol in cold HO thin the K silt
(iiiinbitirn, Zcit Chom 1865 22)

\(iy bol in cold H O (Gutbiu, B 1(K)0,
42 W10 )

Caesium bromindate, Cb liBir

Sol in H/) (Gutbicr, B 1900,42 3911)
Potassium bromindate, K^IrBre

Model itcly sol m cold, moie easily m hot
H O

Insol in alcohol 01 ether
Sol in cold HoO and m HBr+Aq (C t-
bier, B 1909, 42 3910 )

Rubidium bromindate, Rb2IrBr6

Very sol in cold HoO Sol in hot il
HBr+Aq (Gutbier, B 1909, 42 3911 )

Sodium bromindate

Deliquescent Easily sol in H20, alco )!>
or ether

Bromindous acid, HelrgBr^ +6H2O

Easily sol in H 0, alcohol, or ether (B r-
baum, 1864 )

Ammonium bromindite, (NH4)6Ir2Bri2 +P 3
Difficultly sol m H20 (Birnbaum )

Potassium bromindite, K6Ir2Br12-f 6H20
Efflorescent Sol in H20

Silver bromindite, Ag6Ir2Bri2
Ppt Insol in H20 or acids

Sodium bronundite, NaeIr2Bri2+24H20
Emoiescent Very sol in H20

Bromocarbonatoplatindiamine cart n-

ate, ^28[Pt(N2Hc)2]2(C08)2+4H20
Ppt

Bromocarbonatoplatim^amme carbonat
bromoplatm^anune nitrate,

2Bi2Pt(NI

(N03)2

Bromochloroplatindzamine chloride,

^|Pt(N H,)C1
Very si sol m H><) (Cl( v< )

chlorobromide, ^j Pt ^ []|^[( >)
Vtiy si sol in H O
Bromochlororoplatimc acid

Potassium bromochloroplatinate, K PtC

(Pitkin J Am Chcm Soo 2 40S )

Mixture (Herty J Am Chcm SOG ]
18 HO)

K2PtCl4Bi2 SI sol in cold Ho
more sol in hot H2O (Pitkin )

Mixture (Htity )

K PtCl3Bi3 As ibov(

K PtCl Br4 (Pi^on, \ cli lbcU, ( 2
488 )

J\ PtClBi (Pitkin )

Sromochromic acid

Potassium bromochromate, KCi(),lii =
CrO,(Bi)OK

Decornp by H/J) (H<mt/(, J pr ( ) 4
225 )

Bi

ich

BROMONITRATOPLATINAMINE NITRATE

123

Dzbromochrommm chloride,

[Cr(H20)4Br21Cl+2H20
Ppt Nearly insol in fuming HC1 (Bjer-
rum, B 1907, 40 2918 )

Bromohydroxyloplatm^amine bromide,

Very si sol in HoO (Cleve )

chloride, ^ Pt(N2H6Cl)o
Sol mH20 (Cleve)

nitrate, f Pt(N2H0N03)2

Very si sol m cold, moderately sol in hot
H20 (Cleve )

BromohydroxyloplatinmoTiodtamine

Easily sol in H2O (Cleve )
Bromomercurosulphurous acid

Ammonium bromomercurosulphite.

NH4S03HgBr
Sol m H2O (Barth, Z phys Ch 9 215 )

Potassium bromomercurosulphite,

KS03HgBr
Ab above (B )

Bromomolybdenum bromide,

Br4Mo3Br2= molybdenum ^bromide,
MoBr2
Insol in H2O 01 acids, or even in boiling

aqua legia Lisily sol in dilute, decomp by

cone ilkahes+Aq (Blomstrand, J pr 82

436)

Bromomolybdenum chloride, Br4Mo3Cl2 +
3HO

Insol m Kids (Blornstiand )

Bromomolybdenum chromate, Bi4Mo3CrO4 +

2HO
Insol in (hi toids Sol m hot cone HC1

+Aq Insol in ilk ih < hiomatcs+Aq (At-

Bromomolybdenum fluoride, Bi4M
iH,()

Insol in H (^ (Attdbdg)

Bromomolybdenum hydroxide, Bi4M

Coin})l( tdy bol in ilk UK s if not lu iti*lov(i
(\ttdb(rg )

-+SH 0

Bromomolybdenum iodide hydroxide,
2Br4MoJ2, Iii4Mo,(OH)2+8H O
Precipitate ( Blomstr ind, J pr 77 92)

Bromomolybdenum molybdate, Br4Mo3MoO
Precipitate (Atterberg )

Bromomolybdenum phosphate,

Br4Mo3H4(P04)2
Precipitate Insol m H2O (Atterberg )

Bromomolybdenum sulphate, Br4Mo3SC)4+

3H2O

Precipitate SI sol m boiling H?SO4
(Atterberg )

Dibromomolybdous acid, MoOBr (OH) +

Sol in H2O Very hydroscopic (\\ein-
land, Z anorg 1905, 44 86 )

redrabromomolybdous acid, MoBr4(OH) +

2H20

Sol m H2O Hydroscopic (Weinland,
I c)

? ammonium pe^abromomolybdite,

MoBl60(NH4)2

Hydioscopic Sol in HgO (Weinland,
I c )

Dicsesmm

MoBr6OCs2

Hydroscopic Sol m H 0 (Weinland,
I c)

Calcium te/rabromomolyfodite, (MoBr4O)2Ca

+7H20
Hydroscopic Sol in HaO (Wemhnd, I

Mowolithium /eirabromomolybdite,

MoBr4(OLi)+4H20

Hydioscopic bol m H2O (^emUnd,
I c)

Magnesium /;e«/«bromomolybdite,

MoBrfi(OMg)+7H2O

Hydioscopic Sol m H O (Weinland,
/ c)

A/w/opotassium ^/robromomolybdite,

MoBr4(()K)+2HO

Hydioscopic Sol in HO (WunUnd,
/ O

.Dipotassium p( ^^/bromomolybdite,

MoBr6()K2
Hydioscopic Sol in HO (\\imlind,

/ 6)

Dirubidium IH //^/bromomolybdite,

Hydiobcopic Sol in HO (\\(inliiRl,
/ O

Bromomtratoplatmc^amine nitrate,

Bi pfN,H.N(»,
N03 ^ r N II6N03
Dt(omp by HO (Chvt )

- sulphate, jJ^PtfNJIO SO4-f H O
SI sol mHjO

124

BROMONITRITOPLATINAMINE NITRITE

Bromomtntoplatmsemz^amme rutnte,

NO Br2Pt(NH3)2NO2
SI sol in H20 (Blomstrand )

Bromomtrous acid

Platinum silver bromomtnte, P t Ag2Br 2 (NO2) 4
Ppt (Miolati, Gazz ch it 1900, 30 588 )

Bromopalladic acid

Ammonium bromopalladate, (NH4)2PdBre

Difficultly sol in cold H20 Decomp by
hot H20 and by hot cone H2S04 (Gutbier,
B 1905,38 1907)

Caesium bromopalladate, Cs2PdBr6
Difficultly sol in cold H20 Decomp by

hot EUO or by hot cone H2SO4 (Gutbier,

I c)

Potassium bromopalladate, K2PdBre
Difficultly sol in cold H20 Decomp by

hot H20 or by hot cone H2S04 (Gutbier,

I c)

Rubidium bromopalladate, Rb2PdBro

Insol in cold H2O Decomp by hot H20

or by hot cone H2SO4 (Gutbier, I c )

Bromopalladious acid

Ammonium bromopalladite, (NHJaPdBn
Very stable Sol in H2O (Smith, Z

anoig 1894, 6 381 )
Very sol in cold H2O
Can be cryst from a very small amount of

hot H 0 (Gutbier, B 1905, 38 2387 )

Barium bromopalladite

Not deliquescent Sol in H2O (v Bons-
dorff)

Caesium bromopalladite, Cs2PdBr4
Very sol in H20 (Gutbier, B 1905, 38

2388)

Manganese bromopalladite, MnPdBr4

Sol in H20 and alcohol (v Bonsdorff )
+7H>0 Very sol m H20 (Smith, Z
anorg 1894, 6 382 )

Potassium bromopalladite, K PdBi4
Easily sol in H20 (Joannib, C H 95

295)

Very stable Sol in H2O (Smith, /

anorg 1894, 6 381 )

+2H O Unstable in the air (Smith, / c )

Rubidium bromopalladite, Rb2PdBr4

Can be cryst from a very small amount of
hot H20 (Gutbier, B 1905, 38 2388 )

Sodium bromopalladite, Na2PdBr4+4J^H2O

Very deliquescent Sol in H2O (Smith,
I c)

Strontium bromopalladite, SrPdBr4+6H2O

Stable in the air Very sol in H2O (Smii ,
I c)

Zinc bromopalladite

Sol mH20 (v Bonsdorff)

Bromophosphatoplatmcfoamine phos-
phate, BrPt(N2H6)2+2HoO
\ /
P04

SI sol m H2O (Cleve )

Bromophosphonc acid

Thonum bromophosphate, ThBr4

3(3Th02, 2P206)

Insol in most acids and in fused alk i
carbonates Decomp by long boiling wi i
cone H2S04 (Colam, C R 1909, 149 20 )

Bromoplatmamine bromide,

Br2Pt(NH3Br)2

SI sol in H2C (Cleve, Sv V A H 10,
31)

- nitrite, Br2Pt(NH3N02)2
Very si sol in H20 (Cleve )

Bromoplatincfoamme bromide,

Br2Pt(N2H6)2Br2
Only si sol in hot H20 (Cleve )

- chloride, Br2Pt(N2Hc)2Cl2
Very si sol in H20 (Cleve)

-- f&chromate, Br2Pt(N2H6)2Ci20
SI sol in H20

- nitrate, Br2Pt(N2H0NO3)

SI sol in cold, rathei easily bol in hot H >
(Cleve )

-- phosphate, Bi2Pt[N2H,PO2(OH) ] -f
2H20

Rathei c isily sol in hot H () (Cltvc )

- sulphate, Br2Pt(N H.) SO,
Vuy si sol in H2O

Bromoplatmwfwodzainme nitrate,

1^ isily sol m H2()

-- sulphate, Bi 2Pt S( )t -j- H ( )

Modci itdy sol in II O (Ch v< )

Bromoplatinse?ni6/2amme bromide,
Br,Pt(NH,)jBr

SI sol in cold H,O (Clove )
Bromorfzplatindtamme anhydromtrate

Sol m HNOj+Aq

BROMOPURPUREOCHROMIUM CHLORIDE

125

Bromodtplatinefoamme chlonde,

Br2Pt2(N2He)4Cl4
Ppt (Cleve )

- nitrate, Br2Pt2(N2H6)4(NO3)4-f2H20

Moderately sol in hot H20

sulphate, Br2Pt2(N2H6)4(SO4)2+2H20

Ppt (Cleve )

Bromoplatinic acid, H2PtBr6-f9H2O

Very deliquescent, and sol m H2O, alcohol,
ether, chloroform, or acetic acid (Topsoe.
J B 1868 273)

Ammonium bromoplatinate, (NH4)2PtBr6
Sol in 200 pts H20 at 15° (Topsoe )
100 pts (NH4)2PtBr6+Aqsat at 20° con-
tain 0 59 pt dry salt (Halber«tadt, B 17
2965 )

Barium bromoplatinate, BaPtBre+lOEUO
SI deliquescent Very sol in H*O

Caesium bromoplatinate, Cs2PtBr6

SI sol in dil HBr+Aq (Obermaier,
Dissert )

Calcium bromoplatinate, CaPtBr6-f-12H20
SI deliquescent Very sol m H20

Cobalt bromoplatinate, CoPtBrG + 12H2Q

Deliquescent

Copper bromoplatinate, CuPtBr<3+SH20
Very deliquescent, sol in H2O

Lead bromoplatinate, PbPtBifi

Easily sol m H2O, but deoomp by large
amount

Lead /t/rabromoplatinate, [FtBi4(OH)2]Pb,

PbOH

Inbol in HO (Mioliti, C C 1900, II
S10)

Magnesium bromoplatinate, MgPtBir-h
12H2O

Not d( liqii(s< tut

Manganese bromoplatinate, MnPtBir +
bliO

Sol in II ()

-H2H2O Sol in H ()

Mercuric l< ti ubromoplatinate,
[PtBi4(OH) ]H^

Insol m HO (Mioliti, C C 1900, II
S10)

Nickel bromoplatinate, NiPtUi, + 12H ()
Deliquosc ( nt

Potassium bromoplatinate, K PtBu

Si bol in H 0 Insol in iloohol (v
Bongdorff , Pogg 19 344 )

Sol in 10 pts boiling H20 (Pitkm, C N
41 218)

100 pts K2PtBr6+Aq sat at 20° contain
2 02 pts dry salt (Halberstadt, B 17 2962 )

Praseodymium bromoplatuiate, PrBr3>PtBr3

+10H20

Deliquescent, very sol in H2O, sol in HBr
(Von Schule, Z anorg 1898, 18 353 )

Rubidium bromoplatuiate, Rb2PtBr6

SI sol m dil HBr+Aq (Obermaier
Dissert )

Silver bromoplatinate, Ag2PtBie

Insol in H2O (Miolati, C C 1900, II
810)

Silver tefrabromoplatinate, [PtBr4(OH) ]Ag2
Ppt , msol in H2O (Miolati, I c )

Sodium bromoplatinate, Na2PtBi6+6H20
Easily sol m H2O and alcohol

Strontium bromoplatuiate, SrPtBr6H-10H2O
SI deliquescent Very sol in H20

Thallium tefrabromoplatinate,

[PtBr6(OH)2]Tl

Insol in H O (Miolati, C C 1900, II
810)

Ytterbium bromoplatinate, YbBr3,3H PtBr,,

-f30H2O
Ppt (Cleve, Z anorg 1902, 32 13S )

Zinc bromoplatinate, ZnPtBi<+12H2O
Sol m H20

Bromoplatmocyanhydiic acid,

H,Pt(CN)4Bi

xSec Perbromoplatmocyanhydnc acid

Potassium bromoplatmocyamde, 5

K Pt(CN)4Bi +1SH20
Sol in H 0

Bromoplatmous acid

Potassium bromoplatmite, K2l)tBr4+2H

Pxtunioly sol in H2O (Billm inn ind
dei bin B 100^,36 15(>b )

Bromopurpureochromium bromide,

Hi(Ji(NH,)rRi

I(ss sol in HO thin chloiopuipii
ehioinniin (hlondi (loiginsin, I pr
25 Si)

bromoplatinate, BiCi(NH,)rIJtHi.

( Joi^c ns( n, / ( )

chlonde, BiCi (NH,)*CIj

More sol in H () than tin bioin
(Jorgensen, / c )

126

BROMOPURPUREOCHROMIUM CHROMATE

Bromopurpureochromium chromate,
BrCr(NH8)6Cr04

Precipitate (Jorgensen, I c )
nitrate, BrCr(NH3)6(NO3)2

More sol than bromide and less than
chloride (Jorgensen, I c )

Bromopurpureocobaltic bromide,

CoBr(NH3)5Br2

Sol m 530 pts H20 at 16° Insol in
alcohol, NH4Br, KBr, or HBr+Aq More
sol in hot H20 containing a little HBr (Jor-
gensen, J pr (2) 19 49 )

Bromopurpureocobaltic mercuric bromide,

CoBr(NH3)6Br2, 3HgBr2
More sol in H2O than the corresponding
HgCl2 salt ( J )

bromoplatinate

Very si sol in cold H2O ( J )
chloride, CoBr(NH3)6Cl2

Difficultly sol in cold H2O, but much more
easily than the bromide Insol in dil HCl-f-
Aq, and in alcohol

mercuric chloride, CoBr(NH3)sCl

3HgCl2

SI sol mH20
chloroplatmate

Nearly or quite msol in HgO (J )
— -- chromate, CoBr(NH3)6Cr04

Nearly msol in H20
dithionate, CoBr(NHs)6S2O6

Nearly msol in H 0
fluosilicate, CoBr(NH3)6bif f

Veiy bl sol in cold H20, msol m alcohol

nitrate, CoBr(NHJ)6(NOa)2

More bol in H/) than the biomuU, but
less than the chloride Wholly msol in dil
HNO + \q 01 alcohol

oxalate, CoBifNHJ C 04

Nearly msol m HjO
sulphate, GoBi(NH,)6SO4

Can be eiy stall i/cd fiom vuv chl H^SO4-f-
Aq Insol in alcohol

-fuHO Efflorescent

Bromopurpureorhodium bromide,

BrRh(NHd)6Bi

Much less easily sol in H 0 th in tlu c hloio
chloudc Insol m dil HBr+Aq uul ilcohol
(Joigenben, J pi (2) 27 433 )

bromoplatinate, Hitth(NHa)6Ptlii,

Almobt msol m H O
fluosihcate, BiRl^NHJaSih

hi bol m H20 Sol in boiling N iOH-fAq
is robeo salt

Bromopurpureorhodium nitrate,

BrRh(NH3)6(N03)2

SI sol in H20, but much more sol than ie
bromide

Bromorhodous acid

Ammomum bromorhodite, (NH^RhBrs

Sol in H2O (Goloubkine, Chem I c
1911, 100 (2) 45 )

Sol in H2O (Gutbier, B 1908, 41 215

Barium bromorhodite, BaRhBr5
Sol in H20 (Goloubkine, I c )

Caesium bromorhodite, Cs2RhBrs
Difficultly sol in H20 (Gutbier, I c )

Potassium bromorhodite, K2RhBrg
Very sol in H2O (Goloubkine, I c )
Sol in H2O (Gutbier, I c )

Rubidium bromorhodite, Rb2RhBr6
Sol mH20 (Goloubkine, I c)
Difficultly sol in H2O (Gutbier, I c

Sodium bromorhodite, Na2RhBr5
Very sol m H20 (Goloubkine, I c )

Bromoruthemc acid

Potassium bromoruthenate, K2RuBr6

Very sol in H20 (Howe, J Am C] m

Soc 1904,26 946)

Potassium a#w0bromoruthenate,
K2Ru(H2O)Br5

Ppt (Howe, / c )
Rubidium bromoruthenate, Rb RuBrf

Sol m H20 (Howe, / c )

Rubidium aguobromoruthenate,

Rb2Ru(H2())Bi5
Ppt (Howe, I c )

Bromoruthemous acid
Caesium bromoruthemte, GsHuIii -f II (
Ppt (ILow<,J Ani Chdn NK !<)() 26

945)

Potassium bromoruthemte, K KuBu

Voiy sol in H () with <l«omp V<i sol
in dil HBi (Ho\v(, / t )

Rubidium bromoruthemte, Kb HuHi f O
Sol in dil HBi (Ho\v( / < )

Bromoselemc acid

Ammomum bromoselenate, (M14) S< Hi

Sol in H/) \\ith (Ucotnp (Muthniin UK!
Schihi, Ii 26 100S )

Caesium bromoselenate, Cs S( Br,

Si sol in HO (I(nh(i J \ni ( urn
Soc 1S9S, 20 571 )

Potassium bromoselenate, K S(Bi,

As NHt silt (M and S)

BROMOTELLURATE, AMMONIUM

127

.Rubidium bromoselenate, Rb2SeBr6

Less sol in H2O than K salt (Lenher, I c )

Bromop?/roselenious acid

Ammonium bromop2/70selemte, NH4Br, 2Se02

4-2HO

More easily sol in H 0 than corresponding
Ol compound (Muthmann and Schafer, B
1893, 26 1014 )

Potassium bromops/roselemte, KBr, 2Se02+

2H2O

Sol in H O (Muthmann and Schafer, B
26 1008)

Bromosmic acid

Ammonium bromosmate, (NH^OsBre

Only si sol in H20 (Rosenheim, Z anorg
1899, 21 135 )

Caesium bromosmate, Cs2OsBre

Nearlv insol in H2O and dil HBr (Gut-
bier, B 1913, 46 2103 )

Potassium bromosmate, K2OsBr6
Only si bol in H20 (Rosenheim, I c )

Rubidium bromosmate, Rb2OsBr6

Difficultly sol m HO and in dil HBr
(Gutbier, / c )

Silver bromosmate, Ag2OsBr6

Ppt insol m H20 (Rosenheun, I c )

Sodium bromosmate, Na2OsBr<--f 4H20
Sol in H O (Rosenheim, I c )

Bromostanmc acid, H«SnBr6 H-8H O

Veiy flf liqucbocnt Sol m H2O (Seubert
B 20 794 )

Ammonium bromostannate, (NH4) SnBr0

Vciy dflifpubCf nt, and sol in H/) (Ray
minn m<l PHIS, \ 223 323)

Caesium bromostannate

Sol in 11 O (K tym inn arid Pi (is )

Calcium bromostannate, C uSuBiB-M>H O
Vd\ d( h(iu(s<( ut Sol in HO (Ray

in inn in«l Pn is )

Cobalt bromostannate, GoSnBi, -flOH ()
Ddiqiu s(( nt (Riymtnii indPnis)

Ferrous bromostannate, I (SnlJi«-H)H t)
D< hqu< s< ( nt (It lynidJin dnd PK is )

Lithium bromostannate, 1 i SnBi, -ht>IT O

bxtnnifly ddiqiu scent (Ictcui, C H
113 541 )

Magnesium bromostannate, MgbnBu-h

IOH20
Ddiqucbccnt (Rajminn and Preis )

Manganous bromostannate, MnSnBr6-h
6H2O

Deliquescent (Raymann and Preis )

ickel bromostannate, XiSnBr6+8H20
Dehquescent (Raymann and Preis )

Potassium bromostannate, K SnBr6

Sol mH20 (Topsoe)
lubidium bromostannate

Sol m H20 (Raymann and Preis )

iodium bromostannate, l\a SnBr6+6H2O

Not dehquescent, but extremely sol in
H20 (Seubert, B 20 796 )

itrontium bromostannate, SrSnBr6+6H 0
Very hydroscopic, and sol m H 0 (Ray-
and Preis )

Jroniosulphatoplatin^amine sulphate,

g§r>Pt(N2H6)S04,HO

Rather easily sol in hot H20
Bromostilphobismuthous acid

Cuprous bromosulphobismuthite, 2Cu<>&,

Bi2S3, 2BiSBr

Stable in the air and insol m H->0 at ord
;emp Partially decomp by boiling H20
Decomp by muieral acids with the evolution
of H S (Ducatte, C R 1902, 134 1212 )

Lead bromosulphobismuthite, PbS?Bi &8»

2BiSBr

Insol in H2O Decomp by boiling H20
Decomp by dil mineral acids \vith evolution
of H2S (Ducatte, I c )

Bromotantalum bromide, (Ta6Bii«>)Br +
7H20

Stable in the air \\hen in the solid state
feol in H20 without decomp Sol m prop\ 1
alcohol (Chapm, J \m Chem Soc 1910,
32 328)

Bromotantalum chloride, (Ta6Bri2)CJ -f
7HO

(Gh ipni, I c }

Bromotantalum hydroxide, (Ta6Bii )(OH)2-i-
10HO

SI bol in HC1 StibU m the air bclcm
100°

Sol m alcohol Insol in cthei (Chipm
/ r)
Bromotantalum iodide, (labBi! jl +7H 0

(Cha-pm, / c )
Bromotellunc acid
Ammonium bromotellurate, (NH4)'reBie

Less sol m H 0 than K salt (Muthmann
md Schmidt, B 1893, 26 1011 )

128

BHOMOTELLURATE, CESIUM

Csesmm bromotellurate, Cs2TeBr6

Decomp by H2O

100 pts HBr+Aq (sp gr 1 49) dissolve
0 02 pt at 22°

100 pts HBr+Aq (sp gr 1 08) dissolve
0 13 pt at 22°

Insol in alcohol (Wheelei, Sill Am J
145 267)

Potassium bromotellurate, K2TeBr6+3H2O

Sol m little, decomp by much H2O (v
Hauer )

Contains 2H20 (Wheeler, Sill Am J
145 267)

Efflorescent

100 pts HBr+Aq (sp gr 1 49) dissolve
6 57 pts at 22°

100 pts HBr+Aq (sp gr 1 08) dissolve
62 90 pts at 22°

Anhydrous Stable on air (Wheeler )

Rubidium bromotellurate, Rb->TeBr6

Sol in a little hot H2O, but H2Te03 sep-
arates on coohng

100 pts B[Br+Aq (sp gr 1 49) dissolve
0 25 pt at 22°

100 pts HBr+Aq (sp gr 1 08) dissolve
3 88 pts at 22° (Wheeler)

Bromotetramme chromium bromide,

CrBr(NH3)4Br2+H2O
Easily sol m H20 (Cleve )

chloride, CrBr(NH3)4Cl +H20

Sol m H20 (Cleve )

• sulphate, CrBr(NH3)4S04+H2O

Easily sol m H 0 (Cleve )

Bromotetramme cobaltic sulphate,

BrCo(NH3)4S04, or Br Co2(NH<)8(S04)
Sol in H20 (Vortmann and Blasbcrg, B
22 2652)

Cadmium, Cd

Not attacked by H20 Sol m HC1, 01 <hl
H2SO4+Aq, but more ( isily in HNOi+Aq
Sol m HC;H30 +Aq

Chemically pure Cd like Zn is ilmost msol
in dil acidb, with the t\( option of HISOj
(Weeron, B 1891, 24 17<)S )

Sol m HClOj+Aq without ( volution of H
(Hendrixson, J Am Chcm So( 1904, 26
756)

Cadmium is sol m molten CdCl ind ( in
be recryst thmfiom (Aunbuh, Z moig
1901, 28 42 )

P rom 4 g Cd in 32 g molU ri CdCl it 650°
2197 g weie dissolved in V? hi (Hdfcn
stem, Z anorg 1900, 23 295 )

Moderately quickly sol in K S ()s+Aq
More slowly sol m (NH4) S^Os+Aq (J c vi,
Gazz ch it 1908. 38 (1) 5M )

feol m (NHs^k Os+Aq without evolution
of gas (Turrentme, J phys Chein 1907, 11
627)

Sol m sulphostannates+Aq (Storch, \
1883, 16 2015 )

y% ccm oleic acid dissolves 0 0293 g Cc n

6 days (Gates, J phys Chem 1911,15 1< )

Not attacked by sugar solution (K n
and Berg, C R 102 1170 )

Cadmium amalgam, Cd2Hg7

Stable from 0°-44° Can be cryst fi n
Hg without decomp if temp does not exc d
44° (Kerp Z anorg 1900, 25 68 )

Cadmium amide, Cd(NH2)2

Decomp by H2O (Bohart, J phys Ch ci
1915, 19 543 )

Cadmium arsenide, CdgAs

(Descamps, C R 86 1022 )

Cd8As2 Sol mdil cold HNO8 Attac d
by aqua regia (Granger, C R 1904, 8
575)

Cadmium azounide, Cd(Ng)a
Ppt (Curtms, J pr 1898, (2) 58 294

Cadmium swfrbromide, Cd4Br?

Decomp by H2O (Morse and Jones, n
Ch J 1890, 12 400 )

Cadmium bromide, CdBr2

Deliquescent Very sol in H2O

Solubility m H O at t°

t°

% CdBr

t

V Oil

—4

32 0

48

b() (

—1

34 7

71

61

+ 1

36 3

104

bl >

2

3b 0

155

b*

9

41 9

170

65

14

46 0

215

t>9 <

25

52 6

2*2

70

35

59 6

245

71 '

Solid phase above 100° is CdBi +1' II

(ft ud, A ch 1S94 (7) 2 541 )
/></ al\o nwhr CdBi^ + H () ind CdH
4H ()

Sp gi <>f CdBi + \d U 1() >° «mt in
5 10 15 20 25 ', Cd

1 043 1 090 1 141 1 1()<) 1 260
30 T> 40 15 50 ', ( d

1 326 1 400 1 4S1 1 57S 1 (>SO

(Kicimis ( il(iilit(d 1)\ («(ili(h / in
2SO )

CdBi +Aq (outlining IS Ob', ( dl'i

CdBi + \c{ < out lining 21 <*)'< CdBi
sp KI 30°/2() =1 16()(>

(I < Bl UK ind Rohl ind, / ph>s Ch
19 2S2)

Sp gi of CdBi +\q (outlining }r>
CdBr2 = 14231 it 19 4°/4° (Hilh\uh
Vnn 1S99, 68 27 )

I is
1 is

W

CADMIUM RUBIDIUM BROMIDE

129

Sp gr of CdBr2-fAq at 18°/4°
%CdBr2 33289 23973 20552 11983
Sp gr 1 384 1 252 1 209 1 112

%CdBr2 6543 3734 1927
Sp gr 1 106 1 030 1 017

(de Muynck, W Ann 1894, 53 561 )

Sp gr of CdBr2+Aq at 18°

i CdBr2 1 5 10 15 20

> gr 1 0072 1 0431 1 0907 1 1432 1 1991

%CdBr2 25 30 35 40 43
Sp gr 1 2605 1 3296 1 4052 1 4915 1 5467
(Grotnan, W Ann 1883, 18 193 )

Sp gr ofCdBra+Aq

% CdBra

t°

Sp

gr 8tt°

Sp

gr at 18

0 0324
0 0748
0 154
0 253
0 506
1 013

17
22
17
21
17
23
17
22
18
22
18

90
75
23
50
67
10
23
95
07
65
00

0
0
0
0

1

0

1

0
0

1

99901
99702
99949
99863
00008
99896
00119
99986
00308
00212

0 99900
0 99935
1 00002
0 00100
1 00310
1 00750

(Wershofen,
Sp gi

Z phys Ch 1890, 5
of CdBi2-f-Aqat20°

493)

Normality of
CdBr2+Aq

%CdBr

Sp pr

2 774
1 997
0 974
0 5138

46 574
37 53
22 53
12 4b

1
1
1
1

6198
4469
2293
1211

(Forchhoimer, Z phys Ch 1900, 34 29 )

Insol m liquid NH3 (iranklm, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 827 )

Sol in AlBrj (Isbekow. Z moig 19H.
84, 27 )

Sol in HCl + \q, HC2H,Oj, alcohol, or
ether (Butlumot, A ch 44 387)

Sol m094pt HO, 3 4 ptb ibb alcohol,
250 pts < th< i, uid 1(> pts il(ohol-< thei (1 1)
(Pdcr, Dmgl 221 89)

\n CdBi^issol in ice tone (King

and M 1< li oy )

1 g CdBi2 is sol in ()4 5 g icctonc at 18°
Sp gi of s it solution 18°/4° = 0 807 i (N ui-
mann, B 1904, 37 4W)

Sol m i((toii( (1'idminn, C C
II 1014)

liibol in must ucl oil (Mathcwb, J
Che m 1905, 9, 047 )

Difficultly sol in methyl acct itf
maim, B 1909, 42, 4790 )

Inbol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1910, 43 314 )

bol in chmolme (Beckmann and Gabel,
Z anorg 1906, 51 236)

100 g benzomtnlc dissolve 0 857 g
at 18° (Naumann, B 1914,47 1370)

1899,

(Nau-

Mol weight determined m pipendme
(Ferchland, Z anorg 1897, 15, 17 )
+H20 Solubility in H20
100 g of the sat solution contain at
35° 40° 45° 60° 80° 100°
60 29 60 65 60 75 61 10 61 29 61 63 g CdBr2
(Dietz, Z anorg 1899, 20 261 )

-flMH20 (fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 541 )
-i-4H20 Efflorescent (Rammelsberg,
Pogg 56 241)
Solubility in H2O
100 g of the sat solution contain at

0° 18° 30° 38°
37 92 48 90 56 90 61 84 g CdBr2
Sp gr of sat solution at 18° = 1 683
(Dietz, Z anorg 1899, 20 261 )

100 g sat solution of CdBr2+4H2O in
absolute alcohol contain 20 93 g CdBr2 at
15°

100 g sat solution of CdBr2+4H20 in
absolute ether contain 04 g CdBr2 at 15°
(Eder, Dmgl 221 89 )

Cadmium hydrogen bromide

Decomp by H2O (Berthelot, C R 91
1024)

Cadmium caesium bromide, CdBr2, CsBr
Easily sol in H2C (Wells and Walden, Z

anorg 5 270)

CdBr2, 2CsBr Decomp by H O into

above comp (W and W )

CdBro,3CsBr Decomp by H2O into

CdBr2, CsBr (W and W )

Cadmium potassium bromide, CdBr2, KBr-f-
0

feol m079pt H2Oatl5°,pptd by alcohol
and ether (Eder, Dmgl 221 89 )

+H2O Sol m H20 without decomp from
0 4°-112 5° (Rimbach, B 1905, 38, 1554 )

100 ptb of the solution contain at
04° 158° 50° 1125°
53 75 58 68 68 25 7S 10 pts of the salt

GclBi2, 4KBr bol in 1 40 pts HjO it 15°,
pptd by alcohol and ether (liidei, Dmgl
221 89)

Cannot be prop u eel in i puio state as it is
doromp by H/) below lbO° (Rimbich, B
1905, 38 1560 )

Cadmium rubidium bromide, CdBi , RbBi

Sol in H O without duomp from 04° to
107 5°

100 ptb ot the solution tout un at
0 4° 14 5° 49 2° 107 5°
32 ()5 41 87 58 54 75 77 pts of the bait
(Rimbach, B 1905,38 1556)

CdBr2, 4HbBr Sol in H2O without
deoomp from 0 5° to 114 5°

100 pts of the solution contain at
05° 135° 515° 1145°
47 95 55 17 68 82 79 04 ptfe of the salt
(Rimbach, B 1905, 38 1561 )

130

CADMIUM SODIUM BROMIDE

Cadmium sodium bromide, CdBr2, NaBr-f-

Sol at 15° in 1 04 pts H2O, 3 7 pts abs
alcohol, and 190 pts ether (sp gr 0729)
(Eder, Dingl 221 89 )

3CdBr2, 2NaBr+6H20 Stable in cone
solutions and decomp only by great dilution
(Jones and Knight, Am Ch J 1899, 22 134 )

Cadmium bromide ammonia, CdBr2, 2NH3
Can be crystallized out of warm JSrE4OH-{-

Aq (Croft, Phil Mag 21 356 )

CdBr2, 3NH3 (Tassily, C R 1897, 124

1022)
CdBr2, 4NHS Decomp by H20 (Croft )

Cadmium bromide cupric oxide, CdBr2,
3CuO+3H2O (Mailhe, A ch 1902, (7)
27 383)

Cadmium bromide hydrazine, CdBr2, 2N2H4
Easily sol in NH4OHH-Aq (Franzen, Z
anorg 1908, 60 280 )

Cadmium bromide hydroxylamine, CdBr2,

2NH2OH

Sol m hot H20 with formation of a basic
salt Sol in dil acids Insol ni alcohol and
ether (Adams, Am Ch J 1902, 28 218 )

Cadmium sw&chloride, Cd4Cl?

Decomp by H2O and by acids (Morse
and Jones, Am Ch J 1890, 12 490 )

Cadmium chloride, CdClo

Sol at 20° 40° 60° 80° 100°

m071072072 070 067 pts H20

CdCl2-fAq containing 891% CdCl2
sp gr 20720° -10715 (Le Blanc
Rohland, Z phys Ch 1896, 19 282 )

Sp gr of CdCl2+Aq at room temp
taming

£>CdCl 1109 1630 24786

!p gr 1 1093 1 1813 1 3199

(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 266 )
Sp gr of CdCl2+Aq at 18°/4°
£CdCl2 57524 41547 29977

\p gr 1852 1515 1330

CdCl2 21 431 14 761

ip gr 1 210 1 142

(de Muynck, W Ann 1894, 53 561

Sp gr of CdCl2+Aqat 18°

las
nd

% CdCl2

1

5

10

5

Sp

gr

10063

1

0436

10919

1

443

%

CdCl2

20

25

30

5

Sp

gr

12007

1

2620

13305

I

075

%

CdCl2

40

45

50

Sp

gr

14878

1

5775

16799

(Grotnan, W Ann 1883, 18 193 )

Sp gr of CdCl2+Aq at 25°

Concentration of CdClj-fAq Sp gi

1-normal 1 077

Vr- " 1 039

V4- " 1 019

Vr- " 1 009

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1S90, 6 36

fep gr of CdCl -hAq

Sat CdCl2+Aq contains % CdCl2 at t°

%CdCl

t°

Sp ^r at t

Sp gr t 1S°

00503
0 0999
0 200
0 399
0 599
0 769
0 997

17 59
24 27
17 70
22 06
IS il
24 00
16 S6
24 21
17 49
25 12
17 5S
21 76
17 55
19 65

0 99920
0 997S1
0 99964
0 99S^3
1 000 ^S
0 99920
1 002 W
1 OOOSi
1 ()()4U>
1 002 ^S
1 005SO
1 00496
1 00754
1 0071 *

0 3910
0 W3S
1 0044
1 022
1 -039
1 K)57
1 K)75

t°

%CdCl

t°

120
150
165
170
180
190
200
235
270

%CdCl

—7
+1
6
7
10
19
25
61
82

43 5
47 6
49 7
51 3
51 6
52 7
52 9
57 9
58 8

63 0
64 8
68 2
68 4
70 1
71 9
72 0
76 0
77 7

(Etard, A ch 1894, (7)2 536)

100 mol H2O dissolve at
19 3° 29 7° 40 1° 54 5°
10 94 12 74 13 15 13 16 mol CdCl
(Sudhaus, Miner Jahrb Bul-Bd 1914, 37
19)
bee also under CdCl -f-H (), CdCl +
2KH 0, and CdCl +4H,O

gp gr of CdCl2-hAq containing ptw CdCL
to 100 pte H20
13 2b 9 41 pts CdCl ,
1 1068 1 2106 1 3100
558 725 114 2 pts CdCl
1 4060 1 5060 1 7266
(Kremeis, Pogg 103 57 )

(Wdbhofcn / phys (h 1S90, 5 4 >)
Sp gi of CdCl +Aq tt t

t

\ MM) llll\ <)1

CdCl +V<i

k < dC 1 in M
100 k ot M hit ion JA

20 5

(

u
((
a

i SO
Z 61
1 76
1 29
0 95
0 52

44 42 5645
i4 22 4941
25 90 24 i5
19 91 1977
14 SS 1404
S S4 OS01

(Oppenheimer, / phvs Ch 1898 27 454)

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

131

Sp gr of CdCl2 -fAq at t°

Solubility in NaCl+Aq at t°

t°

Concentration of CdCl +Aq Sp gr

t°

0 g HzO dissolve

Solid phase

22 ]

pt CdCl2 in 1 3458 pts H20 1 6128

OdOlt

NaCl

18 7 ]
17 2 1
16 1
17 :
22

L « " 2 7005 1 2896 "
L " " 53 988 1 0155
L " " 54 18 1 0152
L " " 57 479 1 0136
L " " 77232 1 0076

19 3

111 30
116 64

85 15
40 01

7 52

12 19

25 67

2NaCl+3HsO
CdCl 2NaCH-3H2O

(Hittorf, Z phys Ch 1902, 39 628 )

5 96

36 76

CdCla 2NaCl+3H8O-f-
NaCl

35 84

NaCl

?,9 7

129 65

CdCU+2HH 0

Solubility in KC14-Aq at t°

132 67

9 63

2NaCl+3HO

0 g H O dissolve

123 54

10 10

CdCl 2NaCl+3HzO

Solid plias6

12 92

CdCl

KCl

91 10

15 41

19 3

11 30

CdCl +2^H20

43 74
9 43

27 46
37 54

CdCla 2NaCl+3HaO +

59 59

6 70

CdCl +2^HX) -j-CdCls

NaCl

KCH-HiO

35 88

NaCl

26 98

1 09

CdCla KCl+HaO

11 61

0 04

CdCl KC1+H O+CdCla

40 1

133 85

CdCla +H 0

4KC1

15 14

CdCl +H 0 +CdCla

1 44

34 76

CdCl 4KC1+KC1

137 03

2NaCH-3H2O

33 04

KCl

48 17

29 50

CdCla 2NaCH-3H O

29 7

29 b5

CdCl +3J/H O

13 31

38 16

CdCb 2NaCl+3H2O +
NaCl

97 62

0 70

CdCH-^H O

3b 18

NaCl

OS 23

7 OS

CdCl 4-2 > H O+CdCla

KC1+H 0

54. 5

133 90

CdCb4-H20

47 12

0 SO

C dCl KCl +H O

140 42

19 10

CdCh+HO+CdCl

32 b7

1 $ Ob

2NaCl +3H^O

24 2b

lit 10

52 76

32 97

CdCl 2NaCl+3HjO

15 00

25 07

22 53

39 C7

CdCl 2NaCI -t-3H O -f-

15 47

*i 5S

dCh KCl -HI 0-KMC1

NaCl

> 4?

47 (>()

4 KCl
C dC 1 4KC 1 -f-KC I

36 82

NaCl

>7 21

KCl

At 34 5°, Cd01;+2^H,0-»CdCl +H O and

40 1

1 » S5
02 15

2 70

( (1C 1 -Hh<)

wa-tu
(Sudhxus, Mine i Jihib Bul-Bd 1914, 37

^ 28)

K( I + H 0

r i <w

( <1( 1 KC 1 II ( )

\1 01

15 21

Insol in SbCl, (Kl< ITKHSU wic/, C A

24 \r
IS 07

21 7t

r> 51

1909 2()0 )
Insol ml quid Nil, (l<i mkhn, Am Ch

10 0^
2 OS

to r

10 >l

(1(1 KC 1 | II 0 H dCl
4KC
( 1( I 1K( I t-KC I
KC I

J 1SOS, 20 S27 )
Insol 01 bl sol in (thyl ilrohol, fuifuiol
icotophcnom, ethyl inono(hloii(ctat( ethyl
cymUtitc, (thyl oxiliti, (thyl nitrite,
tmyl mtrit( o-nitiotohum, npcn-

51 r

M > 0(

( <l( 1 fH <>

102 1

2 >~

( <1( 1 | 11 (>-}( (1C I
KC 1-f II <>

yinsol in \nhydrous ( thi i (Hunp(, Ch

44 0

18 ^

4 i 7S

( ,1( 1 K( I-f-H 0
C .!( 1 K( 1+n ()-HC<lCb
1KC1

Z 18S7, II, 847)
H( idily sol i»i ilrohol
1(X) pts ibsolutc nuthyl alcohol dissolve

4 2

45 5
4i 0

C d( 1 U\C I+KC 1
KCl

171 pts CdCl <*t!55°
100 pts absolute c thyl alcohol dissolve 152
- pts CdCU at 15 5° (do Bmyn, Z ph\b Ch

(Sudhius, M inn Jihib Bui -Bd 1014,37

10100g CdCh+CHsOH contain 1 5^ CdCl

132

CADMIUM HYDROGEN CHLORIDE

at the critical temp (Centnerszwer, Z phys
Ch 1910, 72 437 )

Somewhat sol m acetone (Krug and
M'Elroy )

Sol in acetone, msol in methylal (Eid-
mann, C C 1899, II, 1014 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

Sol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B 1904,
37 3601)

Difficultly sol in ethylacetate (Naumann,

Cadmium cobaltous chloride, 2CdCl2, CoCl

B 1910,43 314)
Sol in urethane
20 61)

(Castoro, Z anorg 1899,

At 18°, 100 g benzomtrile dissolve 0 Ob332
g CdCl2 (Naumann, B 1914, 47, 1370 )

Insol in toluene (Baxter and Hmes, Am
Ch J 1904, 31 222 )

Sol m chmolin (Beckmann and Gabel,
Z anorg 1906, 51 236 )
-f H20 Solubility m H20
100 g of the sat solution contain at
10° 20° 40° 60°

5747 5735 5751 5777
80° 100°
5841 5952g CdCl2
110° is bpt of the sat solution

(Dietz, Z anorg 1899, 20 257 )

-f 2MHoO Solubility in H2O
100 g of the sat solution contain at
—10° 0° 18° 30° 36°
44 35 47 37 52 53 5b 27 57 91 g CdCl2
Sp gi of sat solution = 1 741
(Dietz, Z anorg 1899, 20 257 )

+4H O Solubility in H20
100 g of the sat solution contain at
—9° 0° +10° +15°
4358 4939 5558 59 12 g CdCl
(Dietz, Z anorg 1899 20 257 )

4-12H2O
Deliquescent
A B 17 331 )

Sol in H2O (v Hauer, \V

Cadmium cupnc chloride, CdCl , CuCl -J
4HoO

Sol in H20 (v Hauer, W A B 17 331

Cadmium hydrazrne chloride, CdCl2,
N2H4HC1

Unstable in the air when moist Very so
m H20, si sol in alcohol, sol in NH3+Ac
(Curtius, J pr 1894, (2) 60 334 )

CdCl2,2N2H4HCl+4H20 Very sol i
H20, si sol in alcohol (Curtius, J pr 189
(2) 50 335 )

Cadmium iron (ferrous) chloride, 2CdCl

FeCl2+12H2O
Sol in H20 (v Hauer, W A B 17 331

Cadmium lithium chloride, CdCl , LiCl-

Very deliquescent Decomp by solutio
in H20, but not in alcohol (Chassevant,
ch (6) 30 39 )

Cadmium magnesium chloride, 2CdCl ,

MgCl2+12H20

Deliquescent in moist, stable in dry 11
Easily sol m H2O with absorption of hi i
Much more sol in hot th in m cold HO (
Hauer )

Solubility 1 i H2O at t°

+5HO

386)

(Worobieff, 2 uiorg 189S, 18

Cadmium hydrogen chloride, CdCl 2, 2HC1 +
7H2O

Decomp m an (Buthelot, C H 91
1024)

Cadmium caesium chloride, CdClj, 2CbCl
Easily sol m H 0 and dil HCl+Aq, inbol

in cone HCl+Aq (Godeffioy, B 8 9 )
Nearly msol m CbCl-j-Aq (We lib and

Walden, Z anorg 5 266 )
CdCJ , CsCl SI sol in H,O, maily msol

m CdCl2+Aq (Wells and \\ Udon )

Cadmium calcium chloride, 2CdCl , Ca,Cl2-f
7HoO

Rather deliquescent, and very sol in H2O
When ignited is only si sol in H2O with
evolution of heat (v Hauer, J pr 63 432 )

1

G CchMgOl m
100 K solution

O Cd MfcCl in
JOl) L, M <>

2 4

45 bl

S3 %

2f S

49 (><)

OS 77

45 5

53 51

115 10

67 2

58 14

1 iS (K)

121 8

65 4S

lc<) (><)

(Rimbach, B 1S07, 30

CdCl, J
( tut (\ H U

\n\

CdCl2, 2CaCl2+12HO
cent (v Hauer )

Very dehques-

Cadmium manganese chloride, J( <IC I ,

MnCh-f 12H O

DdiqiK snnt in moist, < fHon ^< < nt in <1
in Sol in H <) (v II UK i )

Cadmium nickel chloride, CdCl JNiCl

1211 O

Sol in H,() (v HUH i, \\ V H 20 K
2CdCIJ; NiCl -H2ILO Sol in II O (

Haiur )

Cadmium potassium chloride, CdCl . KCI

HH20
Sol in H2O without d< comp (\ Hau< i

CADMIUM CHLORIDE AMMONIA

133

-f H2O 100 mol H O dissolve at
19 3° 29 7° 40 1° 54 5C

265 321 372 4 33 mol CdCL>, KCl-f H20

(Sudhaus, Miner Jahib Beil-Bd 1914. 37

26)

Solubility in H20 at t°

Cadmium rubidium chloride, CdCl2, 2RbCl
Sol m H2O and HCl+Aq (Godeffroy, B

CdCl2, RbCl Solubility in H2O at t°
100 pts by wt of the solution contain pts
bywt RbCl, CdCl2

t°

G CdKCism
100 g solution

G CdKClam
100 g H20

2 6
15 9
41 5
60 6
105 1

21 87
26 60
35 66
40 67
51 67

27 99

36 4
55 34
68 55
106 91

1 2

14 5

41 4

57 6

103 9

Pts RbCl CdCl

12 97
16 80
25 31
30 83
46 62

(Rimbach, B 1897, 30 3079)

CdCl2, RbCl is sol in H20 without decomp
from 0-104° (Rimbach, B 1902, 36 1303 )

CdCl2, 2KC1 100 pts H2O at 15 5° dis-
solve 33 45 pts Si sol m alcohol (Croft,
Phil Mag (3) 21 356 )
Solubility in salts -|-\q at 16°
CdCl2, 2KC1 is sol without decomp m the
following salt solutions at 16°

CdCl2, 4RbCl

Solubility of CdCl2, 4RbCl and CdCl2, RbCl
in H2O at t°

t°

In 100 pts by wt of
the solution

Composition of
the solid phase

Pts by
wt Cd

Pts by
wt Cl

Pts by
wt Rb

Mol %
mono
salt

Mol -%
tetra
salt

Salt

Mols
salt in
100 mok
H 0

In 1 lit re of the solution
mole

of the
solution

CdCl

KC1

RCl

0 7
8 8
13 8
42 4
59 0
108 4

0 65
1 07
1 32
3 21
4 61
8 94

6 52
7 37
7 86
11 35
13 41
18 57

14 73
16 13
16 93
22 45
25 31
31 15

30
24
16
14
33

70
76
84
86
67

LiCl
CaCl
KC1

0 3

4 S
2 37S

0 160
0 270
0 507

0 663
1 080
3 195

4 483
I 887

1 3380
1 2333
1 214

(RnmWh. H IQns 38

i.wn

CdCl2 4KC1 MOK sol m HO thin
CdCt , KC1 (\ Hum )

100 g H O <hss)lv( it
1<) *° J<)7° M) 1° p>4 r)°
41 <>5 4<)0r> r)7r» <><)<)! K CdCl 4KC1
(iMidhms Mimi Jihib H<il-B(l 19H, 37
2\ }

SolubilitN in II O it t°

1

100 pt s >lut 1011 < mtuin pis

( 1

< 1

K

1 0

» <>l

<> SI

S \\

2 f>

r) ()(>

11 <L>

11 r>2

r>() 2

<) 10

IS ()<)

H <)()

10S S

11 <)7

J{ OS

17 10

!()<) 0

11 <)1

JMr>

17 22

(Rimbach, B 1902,35 1305)

Decomp by H O between 0° and 108°
(Rimbach, B 1905, 38 1571 )

Sol in cone HC1 without decomp (Rim
bach, B 1905, 38 1571 )

Not sol m CaCl +Aq and T iCl+Aq with-
out da omp (Rimbach, B 1905, 38 1571 )

Cadmium sodium chloride, CdCl , 2NaCl +
JHO

Sol m 1 4 pts HjO at 10° (Cioft )

KM) mol H O dissolv( it
l<) *° 2<)7° 40 1° 54 r)°
*<M 4 2<) 47i r> IS mol CdCl ,

(Kiinbuh B 1S<)7 30 JOSO )

D« omp h\ II ( )

C in !)< i« i\st vutliout <1( (omp IKIIU I i( 1,
CiCl 01 Mp;( 1 +V<i (Rinibidi, B l()()p)
38 Lr)(>3 )

I h( s lit is sol \\ ithout d( «)iup inILCl4-\({
l() S molt HClpu UK) mok HO

1 I of tlu solution < ont uns OOii mok
CdCl , 0 U2 inol( KC1 ind S S2S inolc HC1
sp gr of the solution — I 140 i (Kimbuh,
H 1905, 38 156S)

SI il)U b(tw((ii 1<) ind r>r)°
(Sudhuis, Minn hihib B<il-li<l lc)14, 37

SI sol in ilcohol 01 wood al( ohol (C ic»f t )

Cadmium strontium chloride, 2Cd( 1 , SiC 1 H-

711 O
Sol in II O (v Huid )

Cadmium chloride ammonia, CdCl ,
N( uly nisol in II/) (v H iiitr )

(MCI

CdCl

' 5NH, (\ndu, C li 104 90S)

CdCl

CdCl

(bohulcr

6NH, Difhdilth aol in (old H2O
A 87 54)

134

CADMIUM CHLORIDE CUPRIC OXIDE

Cadmium chloride cupnc oxide, CdCl2,

3CuOH-3H20

Not decomp by H20 (Mailhe, A ch
1902, (7) 27 378 and 174 )

Cadmium chloride hydrazine, CdCl2, 2N2H4

Insol m H2O

Sol m NH4OH-j-Aq (Franzen, Z anorg
1908,60 279)

4-HaO Insol m H20, easily sol m
NH4OH+Aq (Curtms, J pr 1894, (2) 50
345 )

Cadmium chloride hydroxylamine, CdCl2,
2NH2OH

SI sol in cold, somewhat more in warm
H2O Very sol m hydroxylamine+Aq Very-
si sol in alcohol and other organic solvents
(Crismer, Bull Soc (3) 3 116 )

Aq solution sat at 20° contains about 1%
(Antonoff, C C 1905, II 810 )

Cadmium fluoride, CdF2

Difficultly sol in H20 Easily sol m HF+
Aq (Berzehus, Pogg 1 26 )

Very sol m H20, msol in 95% alcohol,
sol m HC1, H2S04, or HN03-f Aq with evolu-
tion of HF (Poulenc, C R 116 582 )

1 1 H2O dissolves 0 289 mol CdF2 at 25°,
or 100 cc sat aqueous solution contains 4 36

fCdF2 at 25° (Jaeger, Z anorg 1901, 27
5)

I 1 of 108-N HF dissolves 0372 mol
CdF2 at 25° (Jaeger, Z anorg 1901, 27 35 )

Insol m liquid NH8 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 827 )

Cadmium cenc fluoride, CdF2,2CeF4+7H2O
Ppt Decomp by H20 (Rimbaeh, A
1909, 368 106 )

Cadmium columbium fluoride
See Fluocolumbate, cadmium

Cadmium molybdenyl fluoride
See Fluoxymolybdate, cadmium

Cadmium silicon fluoride
See Fluosilicate, cadmium

Cadmium stannic fluoride
See Fluostannate, cadmium

Cadmium titanium fluoride

Sec Fluotitanate, cadmium
Cadmium zirconium fluoride

hec Fluozirconate, cadmium
Cadmous hydroxide, CdOH

Insol in H 0 Decomp by uidh into
cadmic salt (Morse and Jones, Am Ch J
12 488)

Cadmium hydroxide, CdO2H2
Insol mHO

I 1 CdO H2+Aq contains 0 0026 g CdO H2

at 25° (Bodlander, Z phys Ch 1898, 7
66)

Solubility in H20 = 26xl04 (Herz, 2
anorg 1900, 24 126 )

Sol m acids, very sol in NH4OH+ a,
insol in KOH, NaOH, Na2C03, K2C03, id
(NH4)2C03+Aq

Easily sol m (NH4)2S04, NH4C1, NH4]X >3,
and NH4 succmate+Aq (Wittstem )

Freshly pptd Cd02H2 is sol in al Ji
haloids +Aq (Bersch, Z phys Ch 1891 8
392)

Solubility in NH4OH+Aq increases v h
increase in concentration of NH4OH (Ei i,
B 1903, 36 3401 )

Solubility in NH4OH-|-Aq at 25°

NHs norm

g CdO per 1

0 5
1 0
1 8
4 6

0 24
0 62
1 33
4 92

(Bonsdorff, Z anorg 1904, 41 187 )

Insol m ethyl, and methyl amme4 q
(Wurtz )

Very si sol mHCN+Aqeven when f re ily
pptd (Schuler, A 87 48 )

Not pptd in presence of Na citrate (Spil r),
and many non-volatile organic substar *s
(Rose )

Cadmium iodide, CdI2

Sol m 1 13 pts H2O it 15° (Edei, D gl
221 89)

Sol at 20° 40° b()° SO0 100°

in 1 08 1 00 09* OSt) 075 pts 1 ()

(knmns Po^K 103 57 )

bit Cdl +Aq contims ti

—4° +2° +10° li° 24° M

424 437 452 44 S 4(> 5 47 4', ( I

54° ()4° 7(>° ()4° <)5° 1 r>°

40 5 50 1 524 55 1 547 <>2 <)' < ( 1

140° 1()5 lSr)° 202° 202° 255°

(in <>S 1 707 7M 7^2 S4 >r ( (

(iMud A <h IV)4 (7) 2 5i5 )

Solubility 111 H ()

100 g of the sit solution (ont un it

0° is0 50° 7>° 100
44 W 4(>02 4() r> )2(>5 5(> OS & ( II
(Diet/ / moiK 1S<){), 20 >i>2 )

Sp &i of (<1I + \<\ « <>nt lining pts ( < 2 to
100 pts H O

21 4 437 SS 5 ptb Cdl^

1 IbSl 1 ^2S 1 bl iO

Pogg 111 bO)

CADMIUM IODIDE

135

Sp gr of

CdI2+Aq

at 19 5° containing

CdI2+Aq containing 1 pt CdI2 in

22691

5
1044 1

10 15

088 1 138

20 25 %CdI2,
1194 1253

pts H2O at 17° has sp gr = 1 3341
torf, Z phys Ch 1902, 39 628 )

(Hit-

Sol msat HI-fAq

30
1319 1

35 40
395 1 476

45 50 %CdI2
1575 1680

Sol in warm NH4OH-f Aq
Insol m liquid NH3 (Gore, Am

Ch J

(Kremers,

calculated
8 2J

by Gerlach, Z anal
s5 )

1898, 20 827 )
SI sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch

J 1898, 20 827 )

Sp gr of Cdl.+Aq

at 18°

Sol in S2C12

(Walden, Z anorg 1900, 26

%CdI2

1 5

10 15 20

217)

Sp gr 1

0071 10425

1 0883 1 1392 1 1943

Difficultly sol in POCla

(Walden, Z

anorg 1900, 25

212)

% CdI2 25 30
Sp gr 12550 13228

35 40 45
1 4000 1 4816 1 5741

Nearly insol
1902, 29 374 )

in AsBr3 (Walden, Z

anorg

(Grotrian, W Ann 1883, 18 193 )

Sol in S02C12 (Walden, Z anorg
25 215)

1900,

Sp gr of CdI2+Aq

Sol in 15 pts alcohol (Vogel. N Rep

TDVinvmn 10 OQQ \

gCdl per

1

Sp gr

g CdI2 per 1

Sp gr

Jrnarm JLZ 6\)6 )
Sol in 0 98 pt abs alcohol

(Eder,

Dmgl

98 85
197 7

1 08

289 5

1 237

221 89)

1 162

400

1 328

Sp gr of CdI2+alcohol

%CdI2

Sp gr

20°/20°

(Barbier and Roux, Bull Soc 1890, (3) 3

0

7 28

0
0

7949
8470

' j

(Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phys Ch 1896,

Sp gr ofCdI2+Aa

19 284)

Sol in 5 2 mols methyl, 7 mols ethyl, and
9 8 mols propyl alcohol at 20° (Tunofeiew,

% Cdl 2

t°

Sp gr att°

Sp gr at 18°

0 0429
0 100

17 68
22 88
17 55

0 99915
0 99807
0 99965

0 99908
0 99956

C R 112 1224)
Sol in 3 6 pts ether (Edei
Sol in 2 0 pts alcohol-ether
7 /. '\

,1 c)
(1 1)

(Eder,

0 204
0 399
0 000

22 91
17 76
22 79
17 40
24 30
18 00

0 99363
1 00052
0 99948
0 00223
1 00082

1 0005
1 0021
1 0038

1C)

Very si sol m anhydrous ab«
(Hampe, Ch Z 1887, 11 847 )
100 g of sat solution in abs ether COL.
0 143 g CdI2 at 12° (Tyrer, Proc Che
Soc 1911, 27 142 )

0 SOO

17 44

1 00564

1 0056

Solubility in ether +Aq

at 12°

23 11

1 00442

% H2O

% H O

%HaO

1 (X)

18 00

1 0072

in ether

% Cdl

m ether

%CdI

in ether

% Cdla

(Wcishofon, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 493)

0 0

0 143

0 50

3 36

1 00

7 30

Sp gi Gdlj+Aq at
Jl 12 i 13077

18°/4° containing
9 559 % CdI2

0 10
0 30

0 78
2 07

0 70
0 90

4 77
b 46

1 10
1 14

8 27
8 68

1 33S 1 125 1086

(<1< Muyiuk, W Ann 1894,53 5bl )

Cdl +\q if i i _ 1007% CdL hab sp

C (II -f \q (out lining 10 53% Cdl has sp
M 20C/2()C = 1 1502

(I( 131 UK UK! Kohl ind, L phys Ch 1S96,
19 2S2 )

Sp gi of Cdl, -f Aq at 20°

(lyrei,Proc Chem Soc 27 142)

Solubility in benzene at 16° =0 01%

" 35° =002%

Solubility in < thyl c thu at 0° =^0 03%

« 20 3° =005%

(Imtb\ig<i,Am T Sci 1S95 (3)49 52)
Sol in iuton< (1 idminn, C C 1899,11

1014 )

1 K Cdl 2 is sol in 4 g u(tonc it 18°

Sp gr of sit solution !S°/4° =0994 (Nan-

Nl< rni ililv of

'/ CdI2

Sp tr

in inn,
Sp j.

13 1<)()4, 37 4338)
»;r of Gdl;-}- i<(ton<

1 <)21
0 951
0 447
0 211

44 53

27 07
14 40
7 20

1 5807
1 2837
1 1355

( di

sp gr ^0°/20

0
12 02

0 7998
0 S029

(1 c 131

UK ind Kohl ind,
19 284

Z phyb Ch 1896,

(Lorchhdrncr, Z phys Ch 1900,34 20)

136

CADMIUM HYDROGEN IODIDE

Sol in chmolm (Beckmann and Gabel,
Z anorg 1906, 51 236 )

100 g benzomtnle dissolve 1 6295 g CdI2
at 18° (Naumann, B 1914,47 1370)

Insol in methylene iodide (Retgers, Z
anorg 3 343 )

SI sol in ethylamme (Shinn, J phys
Chem 1907, 11 538 )

Insol m CS2 (Arctowski, Z anorg 1849,
6 257)

Solubility in methyl acetate = 0 7-1 5%,
2 1% at bpt (Schroder and Sterner. J pr
1909, (2) 79 49 )

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann. B
1909, 42 3790 )

1 pt is sol in 54 3 pts ethyl acetate at 18°

The sat solution has D18°/4° =09145
(Naumann, B 1910,43 318)

Insol in mustard oil (Mathews, J phys
Chem 1905, 9 647 )

Mol weight determined in pipendine,
pyridme, methyl and ethyl sulphide (Wer-
ner, Z anorg 1897, 16 17 )

Cadmium hydrogen iodide, CdI2 HI-f3H2O
Decomp in air (Dobroserdow, C C
1900,11 527)

caesium iodide, CdI2, CsI+H20
n H20 without decomp (Wells and
, Z anorg 5 271 )
2CsI As above
3CsI Decomp by H2O into the

Cadmium hydrazine iodide, Cdl ,2N H4HI
feol in H2O (Ferratim, C A 1912 1612 )

Cadmium mercuric iodide

Veiy sol m HO (Beithernot, J Phirm
14 615)

Cdl 3HgI, feol m H/) Can b( re
crystallized in alcohol (CHikc and Jkcblu,
Am Ch J 5 235)

Cadmium potassium iodide, Cdl , Kl-f- Jl ()
Sol m 094 pt H2() it 15° (fed<r, Dmgl

221 89)

Cdl, 2KI+2H2<> Deliquescent I< x

trunel} bol in H^O Sol it lr> in 07$ pt

H/> SI bol in alcohol and wood spiut, but

less than Cdlj (Croft )

Sol it 15° m 1 4 pts ibsolutc ilcohol, 24 r>

pts cthu (0 729 sp gr ), md 4 r) ptb ilcohol

cthci (1 1) (tdei, / c )

Sp

<?(K2
Sp gi

of K Cdl4+ \q at 1S°
4 1 r) 10 lr) 20

1 0€M)5 1 0384 1 OSOb 1 1209 1 1770

%K CdI4 25 iO « 40 45
Sp gi 1 2313 1 2S90 1 3557 1 4282 1 5065

(Grotmn, W Ann 1883,18 193)

Sp gr ofK2CdI4-fAq

%K2CdI4

t°

Sp gr at t°

Sp gr at

0 0328

18

0 99

0 0596

18

0 99

0 0804

18

0 99

0 100

17 12

0 99962

0 99

21 82

0 99872

0 250

18

1 00

0 500

18

1 00

1 003

17 32

1 0068

1 00

20 63

1 0061

s°

)5
>1

&

15

(Wershofen, Z phys Ch 1890, 6 493 ]

Sol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B 1<
37 3601)

Cadmium sodium iodide, CdI2, 2NaI-f 6H

Deliquescent (Croft )

Sol at 15° in 0 63 pt H2O, 0 86 pt
alcohol, and 10 1 pts ether (sp gr 0 7
(Eder, bmgl 221 89 )

Cadmium strontium iodide, CdI2, Sri

8H20

Deliquesces in moist, effloresces m dry
sol mH20 (Croft)

Cadmium iodide ammonia, CdI2, 2NH3
Decomp by H2O (Rammelsberg )
Cdla, 4NH3 (Dawson and McCrae, Ch

Soc 1900, 77 1246 )

CdI2, 6NH3 Decomp by H2O, sol

waim, less sol in cold NH^OH+Aq (R

melsberg )

Cadmium iodide hydrazme, Cdl , 2N2H4

Eisily sol in warm NH4OH+Aq (In
sen, Z anorg 1908, 60 281 )

Cadmium iodide hydroxylamme, Cd[

3NPI OH

Sol in H/) and al( ohol Insol m ot
(A<lxms, \m Ch J 1902,28 21S )

Cadmium iodide selemde, Cell 3GdS<
isily <lc «)inp (J<on7(s-Di uon, C
131 SQ7 )

4,

Cadmium lodosulphide, Cdl, 2CdS
Ppt (N mm inn, 13 1<)04 37 4 * JS )

Cadmium sw/>oxide, C(14()

Ddornp by HO, acids incl NH4O
Vq (1 initir, / anorg 1001,27 433)

Cd (> Properties is f idmous hy(iio>
( Morse and Jon< s )

Cadmium oxide, GdO

Insol in H2O Sol in Kids Sol
NH4OH+Aq Insol in (NH4) COa-f
Easily sol in NH4CH-Aq, less m NH4N(
Aq (Brett, 1837 )

-f-

in
q

+•

CADMIUM SULPHIDE

137

Insol in KOH, NaOH, K2C03, and Isa2C03 1
+Aq
See also Cadmium hydroxide

Solubility m (calcium sucrate*f sugar) +
Aq

1 1 solution containing 418 6 g sugar and
34 3 g CaO dissolves 0 22 g CdO

1 1 solution containing 174 4 g sugar and
14 1 g CaO dissolves 0 48 g CdO

(Bodenbender, J B 1866 600 )

Insol m acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann. B
1904, 37 3601 )

Cadmium peroxide, Cd608 or Cd3O&(?)

(Haas )

Cd02> Cd(OH) (Kounloff, A ch (6) 23
431)

Very stable towards H20 Insol inNH4OH
+ \q (Haas, B 1884, 17 2253 )

4CdOo, Cd(OH)2 Ppt Insol mNaOH-f
Aq (Eykmann, C C 1905, I 1629 )

5Cd02}CdO4-3H20 Ppt (Teletow, C A
1912, 43 )

Cadmium oxybromide, CdO, CdBr2+H20

Decomp by H20 (Tassily, C R 1897,
124 1023)

-{-2H2O Stable in dry air, insol in H20
(Tassily, C R 1897, 124 1022 )

-f-3H2O Slowly decomp by H20 (Tas
sily, C R 1897, 124 1022 )

+ 7H O (Mailhe, C R 1901, 132 1561 )

Cadmium oxychlonde, CdCl2, CdO+H20
SI bol in hot HjO (Habermann, M Ch

5 432)

+7H O (Mulhc, Bull Soc 1901, (3) 25

791 )

2C<1(), CdCl Insol m H20, but slowly

duomp thueby (Cmzonen, Gazz ch it

1S97, 27 (2) 4Kb)

Cadmium oxyiodide, CdO, CdI2-f H20
DC com j> by HO (lassily, C R 1897

124 102*)

-HlhO St ibh m dry ail, insol m H2O

( 1 issily C R IS<)7, 124 1022 )

Cadmium phosphide, Gd^

Sol in JlCl-hAq with ( volution of PH3
<*.

Co. 1* > in < one HCl+Aq (Emrnei
lnig, 13 12 152)

^ isily d( comp by uidb (Ruhsch, A 231

"cdP^ DC romp by boiling cone HCl+Aq
(Ileniult, C R 76 2S3)

Cadmium selemde, CdSe

hoi inHCl-fAq (UcKmann, A 116 122
Easily decomp by acids (Fonzes-Diacon

C R 1900, 131 897 )

admium sulphide, CdS

Insol mH2O

Solubility in H20 at 16-18° = 6 6 x 10-6
tols per I (Biltz, Z phys Ch 1907, 58

1 1 H20 dissolves 9 00 x 1(H> mols CdS
artificial greenockite) at 18°

1 1 H20 dissolves 8 86 x 10-« mols pptd
!dS at 18° (Weigel, Z phys Ch 1907, 58
94)

Difficultly sol in hot dil HCl-f Aq Easily

ol in cold cone HCl-fAq (Stromeyer)

ol in HN08+Aq (Meissner), and boiling dil

H2S04+Aq (1 6) (A W Hoffmann, A

15 286) Very si sol in NH4OH+Aq

Wackenroder, Repert 46 226) Insol in

KOH, or (NH4) S-fAq Appreciably sol in

n acid solution of NH4C1 (Baxter and

Hmes, Z anorg 1905, 44 160 )

Much more sol in (NH4)2S-l-Aq than us-
ually supposed (Ditte, C R 85 402 ) Sol-
ubility increases by warming, and at 68° is
;wice that at ordinary temperatures A sat
olution of (NH4)2S dissolves about 2 g CdS
o a litre Alkali sulphides dissolve much
ess (Ditte )

Fresemus (Z anal 20 236) could not con-
firm the above According to Fresemus, CdS
s not appreciably sol in (NH4)oS+Aq

Insol in Na2SO3 or KCN -f Aq (Fresemus )

Insol in NH4C1 or NH4N03+Aq (Brett )

Sol in alkali sulpho-molybdates, -tung-
states, -vanadates, -arsenates, -antimonates,
stannates+Aq (Storch, B 16 2015 )

Insol m liquid NHs (Franklin, Am Ch

1898, 20 827 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1910,43 314)

Mm Greenockite Sol in HCl+Aq

Colloidal — Solution of 4 g colloidal C
in a litre H2O remains transparent several
days If it contains 11 g CdS in a litre, it is
completely coagulated m 24 hours Solutions
of salts of the following concentration cause
an immediate coagulation m an aqueous solu-
tion of CdS containing 3 62 g ma litre
KC1 1 1615

KBr 1 727

KI 1 57

KCN 1 166

kC103 1 1660

KNOj 1 1000

R fe2Or 1 5000

R2SO, 1 833

Ra*e(CN). 1 166

R4Fe(CN)(J <1 100

R2Cr04 1 400

R2CrO 1 3571

NaCl 1 2666

Na2S2O, 1 98

NaHCOa 1 333

Na2CO3 1 166

NaoHP04 1 202

138

CADMIUM SULPHIDE

NaC2H302 1 2451

Na benzoate 1 10,000

(NH4)2C204 1 588

BaCl2 1 11,764

Ba(NO3)2 1 8032

BaS2OB 1 5617

MgSO4 1 41,666

MnSO4 1 22,222

CdSO4 1 250,000

Cd(NO3)2 1 285,714

Pb(C108)2 1 209

Pb(C2H302)2 1 147,058

Hg(CN)2 <1 20

A12(S04)8 1 232,558

Alum 1 192,377

Chrome alum 1 42,555

HC1 1 4807

H2S04 1 8000

HC2H802 1 15

H2C204 1 23,255

Succimc acid <1 100

Tartanc acid 1 333

(Prost, Belg Acad Bull (3) 14 312, J B
1887 537)

Cadmium pewtasulphide, CdS5
Insol in H2O (Schiff, A 115 74 )
Mixture of CdS and S (Follemus, Z anal

13 412)

Cadmium potassium sulphide, K2Cd3S4
* anorg 1904, 42 439 )

«uium sulphide, 3CdS, Na2S
by H20 (Schneider, J pr (2)

Cadmium sulphoiodide
See Cadmium lodosulphide

admium tellunde, CdTe
Not attacked by dil acids Attacked in
he cold only by HN03 ( Pibbals, J Am
Chem Soc 1909, 31 908 )

Cadmic acid

Potassium cadmate

Insol in H2O, but giaduilly duomp when
in contact theio^ith (Mdinid, G R 63
330)

Caesium, Cs

Decomp H () with gn it vioh nu (S<ttn
beig, A. 211 100 )

Very sol in liquid NH-j (l<i inklin, Am
Ch J 1898, 20 S27 )

Caesium acetyhde acetylene, Gs G GH

Insol in CcH6 iml in GKCli (Moissin,
C R 1903, 136 1218)

Caesium amide, GsNH

Decomp by H^O Veiy sol in liquid \ IT,
(Rengade, C R 1905,140 11S5 )

Caesium ammonia, Cs,NH3

Sol in liquid NH3 (Moissan, C R 1903,
136 1177)

Caesium azoimide, CsN3
Deliquescent Stable in aq solution
224 2 pts sol in 100 pts H20 at 0*
3074 " " 100 " H20 " 16°
1 0366 " " " 100 " abs alcohol " 16*
Insol in pure ether (Curtius, J pr 1898,.
(2) 58 283 )

Caesium bromide, CsBr
Ppt (Chabne, C R 1901, 132 679 )
Sat CsBr-fAq at 25° contains 5523%

CsBr (Foote, Am Ch J 1907, 37 125 )

Caesium fnbromide, CsBr3

Sol in H2O, decomp by alcohols (Wells.
Sill Am J 143 17)

Caesium pewtabromide, CsBr6

Very unstable (Wells and Wheeler, Sill
Am J 144 42)

Caesium cobalt bromide, Cs2CoBr4

Decomp by H20 (Campbell, Z anorg
1894,8 126)

Decomp by H2O and by alcohol (Camp-
bell, Am J Sci 1894, (3) 48 418 )

Cs3CoBr5 Decomp by H2O (Campbell,
Z anorg 1894, 8 126 )

Decomp by H20 and by alcohol (Camp-
bell, Am J Sci 1894, (3) 48 418 )

Caesium copper bromide, CsBi, CuBr
Sol in H2O without decomp (\\dls ind

Walden, Z anorg 5 304 )
2 CsBr, CuBr, (W and W )

Caesium indium bromide
Set Bromindate, caesium

Caesium iron (ferric) bromide, CM ( Bi i
hoi in H2O (Waldui, Z moig ls<M, 7

«2)
CsluBi +H2() (Wilddi, / inoifr ls«M

Caesium lead bromide, CsBi, 21>bHi

\< illy stahh in iqiK ous solution
:kn, Sill Vni J 145 127)

CsBi PhBi Duomp by II O
Idi )

4CsBi, PbHi \s ibovc

Solubility <I(t(iiniii itions sliou thit tli<
loubh silts foiirud by (isiuni aid 1< u
l(s it 25° IK CsPb Bi , CsPhBi, in<

( \V il
(\\r \\

(tooto, ^Vm Ch J 1<)()7 37 U>r>

Caesium magnesium bromide, C sBi , M j, Bi -}

(>H ()

Sol m HO (Whooloi and Cimpbcll, /
imng 5 275 )

CASIUM CHLORIDE

139

Csesium mercunc bromide, CsBr, 2HgBr2

Not decomp by H20 100 pts solution
sat at 16° contain 0 807 pt CsBr, 2HgBr2
SI sol in hot strong alcohol, from which
CsBr, HgBr2 separates on cooling (Wells,
Sill Am J 144 221 )

CsBr, HgBr2 Decomp by H20 into above
salt Sol in alcohol without decomp (Wells)

2CsBr, HgBr2 Decomp by H2O into
CsBr, 2HgBr2

SCsBr, HgBr2 As above

Caesium molybdenyl bromide, 2CsBr,

MoOBrs

(Weinland and Knoll, Z anoig 1905. 44
107 )

Caesium nickel bromide, CsNiBr3

Decomp by H20 (Campbell, Z anorg
1894,8 126)

Decomp by H2O and by alcohol (Camp-
bell, Am J Sci 1894, (3) 48 418 )

Caesium osmium bromide
See Bromosmate, caesium

Caesium palladium bromide

See Bromopalladate, caesium and bromo-
palladite, caesium

Caesium platinum bromide
See Bromoplatinate, caesium

Caesium ruthenium bromide
See Bromoruthemte, caesium

Caesium selenium bromide
See Bromoselenate, caesium

Caesium tellurium bromide
bet Bromotellurate, caesium

Caesium thallic bromide, CsBi, TlBid

Sol m HjO with <1< (ouip (Pi itt, / inoig

1S95, 9 10 )

Byiouvbt fiomll (),ioims 3CsBi,21 IBi <

(Pi itt, Am J S<i 1VF) H) 49 404)

$CsBi 2IlBij C in Ix nnyst unchanged

fioin H () (Pi lit, \m J S< i 1S95, (3)49

402)

Caesium tin (stannic) bromide
S« Bromostannate, caesium

Caesium zinc bromide, iCsBr, ZnBi

Sol in I12() (Wdls and Cuiipbcll, Z

diiorg 6 275 )

2Cslir, ZnBi As tbovc

Caesium bromide columbium oxybromide,

2C&Bi, CbOBi,

Unstable in moist air Decomp by H^O
(Weinland, B 190b, 39 3059 )

Caesium bromochlonde, CsBi2Cl

Properties as CsBr3 (Wells )
CsBrCl2 As above (Wells )

Caesium mercunc bromochlonde,
Cs3HgCl8Br2

Decomp by H20 finally to HgBr (Wells,
Sill Am J 144 121 )
Cs2HgCl2Br As above
CsHgClBr2 As above
CsHg2ClBr4 As above
CsHgsClBno As above

Caesium bromochloroiodide, CsBrClI

More sol in H20 than in alcohol Not
decomp at once by ethei (Wells )

Caesium bromoiodide, CsBrI2

Decomp by H-jO Sol in alcohol De-
comp by ether with residue of CsBr (\\ ells,
Sill Am J 143 17)

CsBr2I More sol in H2O than in alcohol
Not decomp by ether

CsBr2I+Aq sat at 20° contains about
4 45% CsBr2I (Wells )

Caesium carbide, CsoC2

Decomp bv cold H2O (Moissan, C R
1903, 136 1221 )

Caesium chloride, CsCl
Very deliquescent, sol in H O and alcohol

Solubility of CsCl at t°

t°

Pts by wt of CsCl
in 100 pts solution

0 3

61 9

10

63 5

20

64 9

30

66 3

40

67 4

(Hinnehsen, Z phyh Ch 1904, 50 09 )
bolubihtj of CbCl it t°

1

Vt C s( 1

t

< ( Cl

0

61 7

()()

69 7

10

M ()

70

70

20

(>5 1

SO

71 4

i()

6() 4

<)0

72 2

40

67 5

100

1-y 0

r>()

6k 0

110 4

74 4

(Bdk(l(v, Inns Roy So< 1(K)4, 203 \

A noimil bolution of CsCl has sp %i it
25° = 11076 (\V ignci, Z phyb Ch 1S90, 6
36 )

Sp gr at 20°/4° of i nounal solution oi
CsCl = 1125815 (Haigh, J Am Cheni hoc
1912, 34 1151 )

140

CESIUM CHROMIUM CHLORIDE

Sp gr ofCsCl+Aq

G equiv
CsCl per
1 at 18°

Sp gr
at 6°/6°

at 18<V18°

at 30°/30°

0 504
1 002
2 007
3 994

1 06556
1 12962
1 25705
1 50514

1 06483
1 12825
1 25452
1 50100

1 06452
1 12750
1 25307
1 49859

(Clausen, W Ann 1914, (4) 44 1071 )
Solubility of CsCl-f-FeCl3 m H2O at 21°

Substance added

Pts by weight in 100 pts
of solution

FeCU
grams

CsCl
grams

FeCh

CsCl

0

65

0

65 0

0 6

11 6

0 45

55 18

1 4

10 2

2 1

52 38

2 2

8 8

5 24

51 44

2 0

7 4

7 8

47 70

3 8

6 0

8 93

41 15

4 6

4 6

15 34

25 25

5 4

2 8

21 65

14 96

6 2

1 4

27 96

8 42

35

0 2

48 71

0 94

35

0

83 89

0

Z phys Ch 1904, 50 96 )

bihty of CsCl+HgCl2 m H2O at 25°

jtiorj contains

Solid phase

% CsCl

% HgCh

65 61

0 00

CsCl

65 7S

0 215

CsCi+CsiHgCl

62 36

0 32

Cs3HgCl

57 01

0 64

a

52 35

1 23

u

51 OS

1 44

GssHgGU+GsjHgCI,

49 30

1 49

Cs HgCl4

45 95

1 69

i

45 23

1 73

CsHgGl4+GsHgGl,

38 63

1 32

CsHgCl

17 03

0 51

i

1 5)

0 42

u

0 bl

2 64

CbHgGl.+GsHgCU

0 49

2 91

C sHg2Cl

0 40

3 7S

CsHKGUH-GsHg,Gl,i

0 44

4 63

(

0 41

4 6S

GsHg'iGlii

0 25

5 65

*

0 IS

7 09

CsHgCln+HgCl

0 00

6 90

HgCl

(l^oote, Am Ch J 1903 30 i4() )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329, Pidmann, C C 1899,11 1014)

100 g solution in acetone sat it 25° ron-
tim 0032 g CsCl (Footc and Hugh, J
Am Chem Soc 1911, 33 461 )

Solubility of CsCl+HgCl m acetone at 2'

Solution contains

Solid phase

% HgCl

%CsCl

57 74

0 00

HgCl2

57 79

0 13

HgCl2+CsHg6Clu

57 74
52 54

0 20
0 22

CsHgsCln

49 83

0 32

ft

44 32}

0 50}

CsHg5Clll+CsHg2Cli

44 46 j

0 44 j

fl

39 65

0 48

CsHg2Cl5

28 48

0 48

a

26 96}

0 52}

CsHgsCUH-CsHgCl,

27 32]

0 61 j

a

21 50
13 08

0 46
0 45

CsHgCls

0 16

0 19

Mixtures of salts

0 17

0 25

cc

0 02

0 11

({

0 00

0 032

CsCl

(Foote and Haigh, J Am Ch Soc 1911, »
461)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann,
1909, 42 3790 )

Solubility m glycol at ord temp =10 -
10 8% (de Comnck, Belg Acad Bull 19' >
359)

Insol in anhydrous pyndine and in 9 4 J,
pyridme+Aq SI sol in 95% pyridme + q
and in 93% pyridme-fAq (Aahlenberg. \
Am Chem Soc 1908,30 1107)

Caesium chromium chlcnde, 2CsCl,CrCl h
H2O

Stable in the ail Sol m H () (Wells, '
anoig 1895, 10 182 )

2CsCl,CrCli+4H 0, hydiosoopu , voiy 1
in H/) (WolK, I c )

Caesium litta-aquochromium chloride,

CiCl;(OH,)4Cl, 2CsCl
Ppt (\V(inei,B 1901,34 1(>02 )

Caesium cobalt chloride, CsCoCl,-f2H ()
Docornp by H O ind iloohol (Cunph 1

Z inorg 1X04, 8 12(> )

GsCoCl, Duornp by HO ind by I-

«>hol (C unpbdl / moig 1S<)4 8 12(>
Cs<( oCl Dicomp b> H () iml by 1

(Ohol (C unpbdl / inoig 1V)4 8 12<>

Csesium cuprous chloride, C sC 1, C u (M

D(comp b> H OmfoCuCl ,CsCI (\\< s,
anoig 5 i(M> )

/ anoig 5
^CsCl, CuCl
OCsCl Cu Cl

(\\dls)
(\\dls)

Caesium cupnc chloride, J( sC 1, CuCl

Easily sol in HO ind dil HCl-f- 4,
msol m <OIH HCl+\q (Crodeffioy, I
8 0)

CESIUM SAMARIUM CHLORIDE

141

Sol m small amount H2O without decomfr
(Wells and Dupee, Z anorg 6 300 )

+ 2H20 Efflorescent (W and D )

3CsCl, 2CuCl2-f-2H20

CsCl, CuCl2 Sol in H2O without decomp
(W and D )

Caesium gold chloride
See Chloraurate, caesium

Caesium
See Chlonndate, caesium

Caesium iron (feme) chloride, CsFeCl4-f

3CsCl, HgCl2 Decomp by H 0, on le-
crystallizing from H O. CsCl, HgCl2 is finally
formed (Wells, Sill Am J 144 221 )
CsCl,5HgCl2 Decomp by H2O (Wells)
Solubility determinations show that the
only double salts of CsCl and HgCl2 which
exist at 25° are Cs3HgCl5, Cs2HgCl4, CsHgCl3,
CsHg2Cl6, CsHgsCln (Foote, Am Ch J
1903, 30 340 )

Sol m H20 Decomp in the air (Wai-
den, Z anorg 1894, 7 332 )

Cs2FeCl6+H2O Sol in H20 (Walden )
Cs3FeCl6-fH20 SolmH20 (Walden)

Caesium lanthanum chloride,

4H2O

Very hydioscopic Easily sol in H20
(R J Meyer, Z anorg 1914, 86 273 )

Caesium lead chloride, CsCl, 2PbCl2

Nearly stable in aqueous solution (Camp-
bell, Sill Am J 145 126)

CsCl, PbCl2 Decomp by H20 (Camp-
bell)

4CsCl, PbCl> As above (Campbell )

Caesium lead ^rachlonde
See Chloroplumbate, caesium

Caesium magnesium chloride, CsCl, MgCl2 +

6H2O

Sol m HO (Wells and Campbell, Z
inorg 5 275 )

Caesium manganous chloride, CsCl, MnCl2 +
2E20

Not ddiqius«nt, bol in H/) (Saundeis,
\m Ch J 14 14*)

2CsCl MnCl2 (GodtfTroy)

+2^jH2O (CrodcrTroy )

+ JHO Sol mHO Com HCl+Aq
pncipititcs inhydrous salt from iqucous
solution (GoddTroy, B 8 9)

1h( only silt whuh (\ists contains 2H ()
(Sumdds \in Ch J 14 14 i )

Caesium molybdenum chlonde, C
H20

Sol in H2O Nearly insol in alcohol and
ether (Chilesotti, C C 1903, II 652 )

Caesium molybdenyl chloride, CsCl,
MoO2Cl2+H2O

Hygroscopic Decomp by H20 (Wem-
and and Knoll, Z anorg 1905, 44 93 )

2CsCl, Mo02Cl2 Hygroscopic Decomp
y H20 (Weinland and Knoll, Z anorg
905, 44 92 )

2CsCl, bMoO2C!2+22H O Very hygro-
copic Decomp by H2O (Weinland and
'noil, Z anorg 1905, 44 94 )

2CsCl, MoOCl3 Only si sol m H2O
Nordenskjold, B 1901, 34 1573 )

Jaesium neodymium chlonde, Cs3NdClc +

5H20

Ver> hydroscopic Easily sol mHO
R J Meyer, Z anorg 1914, 86 273 )

Caesium manganic chloride, 2CsCl,

J< tsily d(comp (M(yd ind Best, Z
inorg 1899, 22 187 )

Caesium mercuric chloride, CsCl, HgCl

100 pts solution bdt at 17° contain 1 40b
pts CsHgClg Not decomp by H2O Insol
m absolute alcohol, but sol on diluting with
i/a vol H20 (Wells, Sill Am J 144 221 )
2CsCl, HgCl2 Easily sol in H2O and dil
HCl+Aq, insol m cone HCl+Aq (Godef
froy)

Caesium nickel chloride, 2CsCl,

As the coi responding Cu salt

CsNiCls Decomp by H20 and by alcohol
'Campbell, *m J Sci 1894, (3) 48 418 )

Caesium palladium «
bee Chloropallad te, caesium

Caesium palladium ^rachlonde
bee Chloropalladate, caesium

Caesium praseodymium chlonde,

5H20

Voiy hydiosoopu ]< isily sol in H O
(R J Moyei,Z inoig 1914,86 273)

Caesium rhodium chlonde
h« Chlororhodite, caesium

Caesium ruthenium chloride

,Su Chlororuthenite, caesium and chloro-
ruthenate, caesium

Caesium oxt/ruthemum chlonde,

CbjKuOjCh

Ppt . (hcomj) by li O, sol m cold HC1
(How(,J Am Cheni hoc 1901,23 779)

Caesium samarium chloride,

5H20

Very hydroscopic Kasily sol in H2O
(R J Meyer, Z anorg 1914, 86 273 )

142

CESIUM SILVER CHLORIDE

Caesium silver chloride, 2CsCl, AgCl

Easily decomp by H2O (V^ells and
Wheeler, Sill Am J 144 155 )

Caesium tellurium chloride
See Chlorotellurate, caesium

Caesium thallic chloride, 2CsCl, T1C13

By recryst from H20 forms SCsCl, 2T1C18
(Pratt, Am J Sci 1895, (3) 49 398 )

+H20 Readily sol in hot H2O but 3CsCl,
2T1C13 cryst from the solution (Pratt, Am
J Sci 1895, (3) 49 399 )

SCsCl, 2T1C1S Can be recryst from H20
without change (Pratt, Am J Sci 1895, (3)
49 401 )

SCsCl, TlCl3-f2H20 Sol in 36 4 pts H20
at 17° and 3 pts at 100° (Godeffroy, Zeitsch
d allgem osterr Apothekerv 1880 No 9 )

Caesium tin (stannic) chloride
See Chlorostannate, caesium

Caesium titanium chloride, TiCl3, 2CsCl+
H20

Difficultly sol in H2O (Stabler, B 1904,

ungsten chloride, Cs^ft 2Clq
w msol in cold H2O

wui in a hot mixture of equal pts H2O and
cone HC1

Nearly msol in cone HC1
Sol m very dil NaOH+Aq
Nearly msol in most organic solvents
(Olsson, B 1913, 46 574 )

Caesium uranous chloride, Cs2UCl6

As K salt (Alov, Bull boc 1899, (3) 21
264)

Caesium uranyl chloride, 2CsCl, (UO )C1
Sol in H2O (Wells, Z anorg 1S95, 10

183)

100 ptb of the solution contain at 29 75°,

5607 ptb U02C12, 2CbCl (Rimbich, B

1904, 37 468 )
Pptd from aq solution by gdstoub HC1

(Wells, \m J bci 1894, (*) 50 251 )

Caesium vanadium chloride, Cs VdCls-J-H ()
Difficultly sol in H O <tnd alcohol (St ih-
lei, B 1904, 37 4412 )

Caesium zinc chloride, 3CsCl, ZnCl
Sol in H20 (Wells and Gtmpbtll, Z

anorg 5 275 )

2C&C1, ZnCh Easily sol in H 0 and dil

HCl+Aq Insol mconc HCl+Aq (Godef-
)

Caesium chloride chromic oxychloride.
2CsCl, CrOCl3

Decomp in the air

Sol in cone HC1 without decomp (Wem
land, B 1906, 39 4045 )

Caesium chloride columbium oxychloride

2CsCl, CbOCl3

Decomp by H20 (Wemland, B 1906
39 3057)

Caesium chloroiod'de, CsCl2I
Properties as CsBrClI (Wells )
CsCU SI sol in H20, from which it cai

be recrystallized without decomp (Well

and Wheeler )

Caesium mercuric chloroiodide, Cs2HgCl2l'>

Decomp instantly by H20 to HgI2 (Wells

Caesium fluoride, CsF
Ppt (Chabne, C R 1901, 132 680 )
+1 J^H2C 100 g H 0 dissolve 366 5 g Csl

at 15° (de Forcrand, C R 1911, 162 1210

Caesium hydrogen fluoride, CsHFo
Ppt (Chabne, C R 1901, 132 680 )

Caesium tantalum fluoride
See Fluotantalate, caesium

Caesium tellurium fluoride, CfaF, 1 et 4

Decomp b> H 0 (Wells, Am J Set 1001
(4) 12 190 )

Caesium titanium fluoride
See Fluotitanate, caesium

Caesium zirconium fluoride
See Fluozirconate, caesium

Caesium hydride, CsIL

Dtronip by HO with evolution of If
(Moibsui, C H 1<X)J, 136 r)S<))

Caesium hydroxide, CsOH

\(iy dc hqn< s( < nt ind sol in HO So
.11 alcohol

79 41 * ( Cs( )Il is < out un< <1 in i s it iq soli
tion it lr>° (dc loniuul ( K 1<H><) 14<
H44 )

75 OS', CsOH is (out un«l in sit iq soli
tion it -50° (Sdmimmil MS ( C 1909,
11)

Caesium iodide, Csl

Sol m HO

100 ptb H () dissolve 44 pts Csl it 0
6b 3 pts at 14 5°, !(><) pts it t>l°

Sp gi of Csl+Aq sat it 14° = 1 W
Botekoff, Bull Soc Pettish (4)2 107)

CALCIUM AMALGAM

143

Caesium pmodide

Solubility determinations show that CsI3
and Csls are the only penodides of caesium
existing between — 4° and +73° (Foote,
Am Ch J 1903, 29 203 )

Caesium *modide, CsI3

1 ccm sat CsI+Aq dissolves 00097 g
CsI3, and sp gr of solution is 1 154 Only si
decomp by solution in H2O Much more
sol m alcohol than in H20 Not immediately
decomp by ether (Wells, Sill Am J 143
17)

, CsI6

Caesium

Caesium cobalt iodide, Cs2CoI4

Decomp by H2O (Campbell. Z anorg
1894,8 12)

Deliquescent, decomp by H2O and by
alcohol (Campbell, Am J Sci 1894, (3)
48 418)

Caesium lead iodide, CsPbI2

SI sol mhotCsI+Aq (Wheeler, Sill Am
J 145 129)

Caesium mercuric iodide, Csl, 2HgI2

Decomp by H 0 finally into HgI2 (Wells,
bill Am J 144 221)

2CbI, 3HgI Decomp by H20 finally into
Hgl

Csl, Hglj As above

2Cbl Hgl Decomp by H>0 msol m
ilcohol

3CsI, Hgb Ab ibovc

Caesium silver iodide, Csl, Agl

(Pe nh< Id, Z inoig 1 100)

Csl, 2A.gl MOK sol m hot th in in cold
acetone (Mush, Chern Soc 1()H, 103

7S2)

Caesium tellurium iodide
h« lodotellurate, caesium

Caesium thalhc iodide, CM, 1 11 j

D((oinp b\ II () (l*i itt Am } S< i
1V)r), (i) 49 40*)

Caesium zinc iodide, iCsl, /ul

Sol 111 H O (Wills uwl Cimpbell, Z
tnoitf 5 J7r> )

2CsI, /ill As tbov(

Caesium oxide,

Abhoibb H () ind C(>2 fioin the m
Dccomp by H/) uul by liquid NH3 (Rcn-
gwk, C R 1906, 143 r)<)3)

Caesium Dioxide, Cs2O

Decomp by H/) (Rengade, C R 1<)05,
140 1537)

Decomp by H2O (Rengade, C R 1905,

" "T7 )

Caesium Znoxide,

Decomp
140 1537)

Caesium teZroxide, '

Decomp by H2O (Rengade, C R 1905,
140 1538)

Caesium sulphide, Cs2S+4H2O

Deliquescent, very sol in H20 (Biltz,
Z anorg 1906, 48 300 )

Caesium cfosulphide, Cs2S2

Anhydrous Sol in HgO Hydroscopic
(Biltz, Z anorg 1906, 50 72 )

+H20 From Cs2S2-|-Aq Hydroscopic
(Biltz, Z anorg 1906, 50 72 )

Caesium fmulphide, Cs2S8

Anhydrous Sol mH2O Not hydroscopic
(Biltz, Z anorg 1906, 50 75 )

+H20 From Cs2S3+Aq (Biltz,, Z
anorg 1906, 60 76 )

Caesium tefrasulphide, Cs2S4

Sol in H2O Insol m abs alcohol (Biltz,
Z anorg 1906, 48 305 )

Caesium pentasulptude, CsgSs

Mpt 2° Not hydroscopic Very sol in
cold 70% alcohol (Biltz, B 1905, 38 129 )

Caesium hydrogen sulphide, CsHS

Deliquebcent, very sol in H20 (Biltz,
Z anoig 1906,48 300)

Caesium copper tefrasulphide, CsCuS4

bl sol mcoldH20

Decomp by cone and dil HC1, H2&O4 and
HNO,

bl sol m alcohol (Biltz, B 1907, 40 978 )

Calcium, Ci

Deeomp I12O vie>le ntly blowly attacked
by e old II S04 Dil Hj,bO«H-Aq or HCl+Aq
ittuk violently inel dissolve Dil HNO8-f-
Aq oxidizes, but fuming HNOj bcarcely at-
t te Ks t ve n on boiling (Bunsc n ind Matthies-
sen) Not ittieked by inhydiems alcohol
(I les-Boelut indJobm, A (h (1)64 364)

Pine C i ib e>nly very blowly decomp b>
IK) it oidmuy ttinp,-hol in IIC1, HNOj,
IlbO4 (Moisw-n, C R 1S<)S, 129 58<) )

Insol in lieimel NIl{ (Ge>n, Am Ch J
IS98, 20 S27 )

!/> eem e>l< H icul dissolves OOH4 g Ci
m b el tys (Gitis, J ph\s Glum 1011,16
145)

Calcium amalgam, C i{H^4

Decomp H O u ulily (luic, C K 1S98,
127 019 )

CaHg5 Rapidly docomj) in moist air
(bchurgor, Z anoig 1900,26 425)

144

CALCIUM AMIDF

Calcium amide, Ca(NH2)2

(Moissan, A ch 1899, (7) 18 326 )

Calcium ammonia, Ca, 4NH3

Decomp at ordinary temp , takes fire in
contact with the air, si sol in liquid NHa
(Moissan, C R 1898, 127 691 )

Ca,6NHs (Kraus, J Am Chem Soc
1908, 30 665 )

Calcium arsenide, Ca8As2

Decomp by cold H 0, insol in cold fuming
HN03, very sol in hot HN03 (Lebeau,
C B 1899, 128 98 )

Calcium azoimide, Ca(N8)2

Hydroscopic, explosive
38 1 pts sol in 100 pts H20 at 0°
45 0 " ' " 100 " H20 " 15 2
0 211 " " " 100 " abs alcohol " 16

Sol in H20, decomp when heated and on
standing in the air (Dennis, Z anorg 1898,
17 21)

Insol in puie ether (Curtms, J pr 1898,
(2) 58 286 )

Calcium bonde, CaB6

Not decomp by H20 at 250°, pol in fused
oxidizing agents

Insol in aq acids, si sol in cone H2S04,
sol m dil or cone HN03 (Moissan, C R
1897, 125 631-32 )

Calcium bromide, CaBr

Very deliquescent 100 pts H/) dissolve —
at 0° 20° 40C 60C 105°
125 143 213 278 312 pts CaBr
(Kremeis, Pogg 103 65 )

Sat CaBr2+Aq contains at
— ?2° —22° —14° —7° — 5C
50 5 50 2 52 5 52 6 52 6%

|-8° 9° 11° 20° 50°
1 55 1 55 7 57 1 62 b%
(fitard, 4 oh 1894, (7) 2 540 )

Sp gi of CaBr2-(-Aq at 10 5° containing
5 10 15 20 25 %CaBi ,

1 044 1 089 1 139 1 194 1 25?

30 35 40 45 50 "0 CiBi
1 315 1 385 1 461 1 549 1 641
(Kremers, Pogg 99 444, calculated by Gci-
lach, Z anal 8 285 )

SI sol in liquid NH3 (li inklm, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 827 )

Very sol in alcohol (Henry )

Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899, II
1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4328 )

Sol m methvl acetate (Naumann. B
1909, 42 3790 )

Sol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B 1910
43 314)

Insol in benzonitnle (Naumann, B 1914
47 1370)

+4E2O (Kuznetzov, C A 1911 842 )

+6H20

Calcium manganous bromide, CaMnBr4-f

SI hydroscopic Unstable (Ephraim Z
anorg 1910, 67 377 ) '

Calcium mercuric bromide

Decomp by HoO (v Bonsdorff )

Calcium molybdenyl bromide, CaBr2,

2MoOBr3+7H20
(Wemland and Knoll, Z anorg 1905, 44

Calcium stannic bromide
See Bromostannate, calcium

Calcium bromide ammonia, CaBro, 6NH3
Sol m H2O (Rammelsberg, Pogg 55 239 )

Calcium bromide hydrazine, CaBr2, 3N2H4

Easily sol in H->O (Franzen, Z anoie
1908, 60 288 )

Calcium bromofluonde, CaBi , CaF

Decomp by H2O (Deficqz, A ch 1904,
(8) 1 357 )

Calcium carbide, CaC

Sp gr 2 22 at 18° Insol in fuming HNO3
and oono H SO4 but leidily decomp by
dil acids ind H2O (Moissin, Bull So<
1894, (3) 11 1005 )

Insol in HC1 in the cold, but dccomp it
led heat Stiong nun i< ids do not u t in
the cold sol m gluul tutu m th< (old,
sol infused ilk ih (V( ruble, J \rn C IK m
Soc 1S95, 17 407- UO )

Calcium chloride, C id

Voiy ch liquescent Vciy sol m II () with
c volution of he it

Anln (Irons ( uf I is sol m I I ><> pts II () «<ilih)

\nh\drous C uC I is sol in 1 >S pts II O it 102
(Kuimrs Poj,^, 103 (> ; )

\nh\dr HIS CaC 1 is sol ml i)pts II Oil JO Osi
pt H (> it 40 0 72 pt II O ut <><) ( a( 1 +f>H <) i

l in 0 > pt HjOiitO nndJ())pl it 10 ((imlin)

C aC 1 is sol in J ) pi*, cold tmd 0 S pt 1> iluiL.H<>
>un ro\ )

CaCb-f-\<{ sat in tin (old contains 407 ( iC I
(toun ro\ )

( aC 1 -MM aat it 12 > ronttuns >3 S t ( nC\
(Hashf nfrit/ )

100 ptb H C) disbolvo IG^ 7 pts C iCl +
jO it 0°, 7141 pts at 40° ( 1 ilden C hem
Soc 45 409 )

100 pts H2O dissolve 60 5 pts CaCl2 from
CaCl24-6H O at 0°, and solution has sp gi =
1 367 (Engel, Bull feoc (2) 47 318 )

CALCIUM CHLORIDF

145

Solubility of CaCl2+6H20 m H2O at t°

t°

Sat solution
contains
% CaCh

Sat solution
contains
%CaCh+6H20

—22
0
+ 7 39
13 86
19 35
23 46
24 47
27 71
29 53

32 24
36 91

38 77
41 03
42 50
44 15
45 33
46 30
50 67

63 61
72 82
76 49
80 95
83 85
87 11
89 44
91 35
99 97

(Hammerl, W A B 72,2 287)
Solubility m 100 pts H20 at t°

t°

Pts CaCh

t°

Pts CaCh

0
5

7 88

59 39
64 83
66 20

13 86
19 35
21 89

69 49
73 91

79 77

(Hammerl, calculated by Bakhuis Rooze
boom, R t c 8 5 )

Solubility in 100 pts H2O at t°

t°

Pts
CaCh

t°

Pts
CaCh

t°

Pts
CaCh

0

496

19

72

38

108

1

50

20

74

39

109

2

51

21

75

40

110

3

52

22

77

41

111

4

53

23

79

42

112

5

54

24

80

43

113

6

55

25

82

44

114

7

56

26

84

45

115

S

57

27

87

46

116

9

58

28

89

47

117

10

60

29

91

48

118

11

61

30

93

49

119

12

62

31

96

50

120

13

63

32

98

51

121

14

65

33

100

52

122

15

66

34

103

53

123

16

68

35

104

54

124

17

69

36

105

55

125

IS

71

37

107

56

126

57

127

72

137

87

145

5S

128

73

138

S8

146

)9

129

74

138

89

147

()()

1 >9

75

139

90

147

61

130

76

139

91

148

62

131

77

140

92

149

63

131

78

141

93

150

64

132

79

141

94

150

65

133

SO

142

95

151

()(>

133

81

142

96

152

67

134

82

143

97

152

6S

135

S3

143

98

153

69

135

84

144

99

154

70

136

85

144

1795

325

71

136

86

145

(Mulder, Scheik Verhandel 1864 107)

If solubility S=pts anhydrous CaCl2 in
100 pts solution, S- 32+0 2148t from —18°
to +6°, S-545+00755t from 50° to 120°
(fitard, C R 98 1432 )

According to Bakhuis Roozeboom, the solu-
bility of CaCl2 vanes according to the hydrate
employed, and the following data were ob-
tained as the result of very exact experiments

Solubility of CaCl2+6H2O in 100 pts H20
att°

t°

Pts
CaCh

t°

Pts
CaCh

t°

Pts
CaCh

20 4
25 05

75 1
81 67

28 0
28 9

88 8
92 05

29 5
30 2

96 07

102 7

There are two modifications of CaCl2+
4H2O, a and /3

Solubility of CaCl2+4H20/3 in 100 pts
H20 at t°

t°

Pts CaCh

t°

Pts CaCh

18 4
25 0
30 0

103 3
108 8
114 1

35 0

38 4

122 74
127 50

Solubility of CaCl2+4H2Oa in 100 pts H20

att°

t°

Pts CaCh

t°

Pts CaCl

22 0

24 7
29 8

92 67
95 59
100 6

35 95
40 00
45 00

107 21
115 3
129 9

Solubility of CdCl2+2H2O m 100 pts H2O

att°

t

Its
CuCh

t°

Pts
CaCla

t°

Pts
CaCl

40

128 1

95 8

156 5

139

191 0

45

129 9

115

169 5

155

214 3

50

132 3

124

176 0

165

236 2

59 5

136 5

137

187 6

174

275 7

80 5

145 3

Solubility of CiCl2+H2O m 100 pts HO
itt°

t°

1 ts CaCh

191
235

306
331

(Bakhuis Roozeboom, R t c 8 1

146

CALCIUM CHLORIDE

Sp gr of CaCh-hAq

CaCb

Sp gr

CaCh

Sp gr

CaCIa

Sp gr

3 95
7 66
11 23
14 42
17 60

1 03
1 06
1 09
1 12
1 15

20 85
23 93
26 86
29 67
32 35

1 IS
1 21
1 24
1 27
1 30

34 57
36 49
38 31
40 43
41 91

1 33
1 36
1 39
1 42
1 45

(Richter )

Sp gr of CaCl -f-4.q at 19 5° containing pts CaCl to
100 pts HaO

Pts
CaCl

• Sp gr

Pts
CaCh

&p gr

6 97i
12 58
" 23 33

1 0545
1 0954
1 1681

36 33

50 67
62 90

1 2469
1 3234
1 3806

(Kremers Pogg 99 444)

Sp gr of CaCl2+Aq G==sp gr at 15° if %
is CaCl2, according to Gerlach, S=sp gr
at 183° if % is CaCl2+6H20, according
to Schiff

%

G

&

%

G

s

1

1 00852

1 0039

36

1 35610

1 1575

2

1 01704

1 0079

37

1 36790

1 1622

3

1 02555

1 0119

38

1 37070

1 1671

4

1 03407

1 0159

39

1 39150

1 1719

5

1 04259

1 0200

40

1 40330

1 1768

6

1 05146

1 0241

41

1 1816

7

1 06033

1 0282

42

1 1865

8

1 06921

1 0323

43

1 1914

9

1 07808

1 0365

44

1 1963

10

1 08695

1 0407

45

1 2012

11

1 09628

1 0449

46

1 20b2

12

1 00561

1 0491

47

1 2112

13

1 10494

1 0534

48

1 21b2

14

1 12427

1 0577

49

1 2212

15

1 13360

1 0619

50

1 22b2

16

1 14332

1 0663

51

1 2312

17

1 15305

1 0706

52

1 23b3

18

1 16277

1 0750

53

1 2414

19

1 17250

1 0794

54

1 24b5

20

1 18222

1 0838

55

1 25 U>

21

1 19251

1 0882

5b

I 25b7

22

1 20279

1 0927

57

1 2blS

23

1 21308

1 0972

58

1 2bbQ

24

1 22336

1 1017

59

1 2721

25

1 23365

1 1062

GO

1 2773

26

1 24450

1 1107

bl

1 2S25

27

1 25535

1 1153

b2

1 2S77

28

1 26619

1 1199

63

1 2()2<)

29

1 27704

1 1Mb

b4

1 2%1

30

1 28789

1 1292

b5

1 3034

31

1 29917

1 1339

bb

1 3087

32

1 31045

1 Ii86

b7

1 3140

33

1 32174

1 1433

6S

1 3193

34

1 33602

1 1480

b9

1 324b

35

1 34430

1 1527

70

1 3300

(Calculated by Goikch, Z in il 8, 2S3 )

Sp gr of CaCl2+Aq a=no of half moleci s

in grammes dissolved in 1000 g H
b=:sp gr at 243° when a = CaCl
6H2O (Yz mol =1095 g), c = sp gr
24 3° when a = CaC!2 (H mol =55 5

a

b

c

a

b

c

1

2
3
4
5
6

1 041
1 076
1 106
1 133
1 157
1 179

1 043
1 084
1 122
1 159
1 193
1 227

7
8
9
10
11

1 198
1 214
1 229
1 242
1 255

1 2

(Favre and Valson, C R 79 968 )

Sp gr of CaCl2+Aa at 18°

% CaCl2

Sp gr

% CaCb

Sp gr

5
10
15
20

1 0409
1 0852
1 1311
1 1794

25
30
35

1 230e
1 284J
1 342C

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

CaCl2+Aq sat at 0° has &p gr =1
(Engel, Bull Soc 1887, (2) 47 318 )

Sp gr of CaCl +Aq at 9 5°C

Mass of salt per unit
mass of solution

Dcnsitv of solutioi
(« per co )

0 00191

1 OOlbS

0 003S1

00317

0 00570

004()5

0 00759

00bl5

0 00947

0()7b5

0 01320

01050

(McGngoi, C \T 1SS7, 55 b)

Sp gi of CiCl -f Aq it 2)

( omcnti ttion of C i( I + \q

1-nonn il

V- '

Vr '
'A- '

I 04 lb

1 021S

I 0105

1 0050

(W ignei, / ph\s Ch 1S<M) 5 3(> )

Sp gi at lb°/4° of C iCl -f ^q coat u rig
121638% CiCl =1 104SO (Sehomock Z
phys Ch 189> 11 7bS )

CALCIUM CHLORIDE

147

Sp gr of CaClo + \q at 17 925°C

Ca&li

Sp gr

Ca7&

Sp gr

Cafela

Sp gr

0 0

0 99869

13

1 11206

33

1 31562

0 1

0 99954

14

1 12130

34

1 32689

0 2

1 00037

15

1 13067

35

1 33821

0 3

1 00116

16

1 14016

36

1 34956

0 4

1 00201

17

1 1496©

37

1 36100

0 6

1 00371

18

1 15926

38

1 37242

0 8

1 00539

19

1 16920

39

1 38400

1 0

1 00703

20

1 17910

40

1 39489

1 5

1 01127

21

1 18897

41

1 40641

2

1 01548

22

1 19901

42

1 41770

3

1 02386

23

1 20901

43

1 42882

4

1 03238

24

1 21918

44

1 44007

5

1 04089

25

1 22941

45

1 45124

6

1 04951

26

1 23969

46

1 46238

7

1 05822

27

1 25030

47

1 47329

8

1 06680

28

1 26092

48

1 48450

9

1 07569

29

1 27182

49

1 49573

10

1 08467

30

1 28271

50

1 50676

11

1 09373

31

1 29360

51

1 51778

12

1 10288

32

1 30461

(Pickering, B 1894, 27 1385 )

Sp gi of CaCl2-hAqatt°

t

Concentration of CaCla-f-Aq

&P gr

20
20

1 pt CaCl m 7 1045 pts H2O
1 ' " " 164 25 " "

1 1062
1 0032

(Hittoif, Z ph>s Ch 1902,39 628)

Sp gi of C iCl + <Vq at 20°

fi in >1 C iC 1 ]>( r 1

Sp *,r

0 010

1 000982

0 025

1 002 5 W

0 ()r)()

1 004S74

0 07r>

1 006S14

0 10

1 OOS971

0 25

1 022(>7

0 )()

1 04451

0 75

I OM41

1 00

1 OS744

([OIKS uid P< u((, Vrn (h J !<)()", 38 <><)(>)

Sit C iC 1 4- \q lomis i < nist it 150°, uid
«mt uns 17S pts CiCl to 100 pts HO

((rdlldl )

Sit C id -h Vq boils it ISO (Rudoifl )

B -pt of CaCla-f 4.q containing pts CaCl2 to
100 pts H2O G = according to Gerlach
(Z anal 26 440), L- according to Le-
grand (A eh (2) 39 43)

B pt

101°

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

128

130

1304

132

6 0
11 5
16 5
21 0
25 0
29 0
32 5
35 5
38 5
41 5

55 0

101
|102 67

10

16 5
21 6
25 8
29 4
32 6
35 6
38 5
41 3
44 0
46 8
49 7
52 6
55 6
58 6
61 6
64 6
67 6
70 6
73 6
76 7
79 8
82 9
86 0
89 1
92 2
98 4
104 6

110 9

B pt

134°
135
136
138
140
142
144
145
146
148
150
152
154
155
156
158
160
162
164
165
166
168
170
172
174
J175
176
178
1795

119

137 5

157

178

200

222

245

268

292
305

117 2

123 5
129 9
136 3
142 8
149 4

156 2
163 2
170 5

178 1
186 0

194 3
203 0
212 1
221 6
231 5

241 9
252 8
264 2
276 1
285 5

301 4
314 8
325 0

B -pt of CaCl2+Aq

CaCh

5 b
10 3
14 5

B pt

101°

102

103

% CaCl

17 5

20 0

B pt

104°
105

(Skinnei, Chem Soc 61 340)

I c ss sol m HCl-f Aq than in H20 HC1+
\q sit at 12° dissolve* 27% CaCl which
civstilhzcs out with 2H O (Dittc, C R 92
242)

Solubility of CaCl in HGl+Aq at 0°

Sp k' <>1

k pc i 100 f < solution

nlut inns

C id

HC 1

1 *()7

51 4r>

0 0

1 W

4b 45

3 i2

I *2<>

42 SO

5 S3

1 il()

K> 77

10 (><>

1 2S>

2<) S4

15 S4

1 250

20 12

2*0>

1 2 iS

11 20

*4 (>2

(lMi«el, C H 1SS7 104, 4U)

148

CALCIUM CHLORIDE

CaCl2 4-CaO2H2 Solubility of CaCl2 +
Ca02H2 m H20 at 25°

Solubility of CaCl2, 4CH3OH in CH3OH

t°

% by weight of CaCl 4CH3OH

CaCh

CaOH

Solid phase

0
10
20
30
40
50
55
56

33 3
37 6
42 2
47 0
52 0
57 3
bO 0
61 3

5 02
10 00
12 94
15 14
17 20
18 15
18 01
21 02
23 80
24 33
28 37
29 54
32 67
33 21
33 72

34 36
38 61
41 32
44 30
44 60
44 77

0 101
0 115
0 128
0 140
0 145
0 148
0 152
0 147
0 146
0 147
0 170
0 180
0 225
0 245
0 254

0 173
0 060
0 048
0 030
0 029

CaOJI

CaO-sH^+CaCla 4CaO 14H 0
CaCh 4CaO 14H 0

CaO Ha(?)
OaCl 4CaO14HiO
CaCh 4CaO14H20+CaCh
CaO 2H20
CaCh CaO2HO

CaCh 6HO+CaCh CaO 2H2O
CaCh 6HaO

Solubility of CaCl2, 3CH8OH in CH3OH

t°

% by weight of CaCh 3CH3OH

55
75
95
115
135
155
165
170
174
177 (mpt )

60 5
63 1
66 3
70 3
75 2
81 8
86 2
89 5
93 5
100

(Menschutkm, Z anorg 1907, 62 21 )

(Schrememakers and Figee, Chem Weekbl
1911, 8 685 )

See also under Calcium hydroxide

CaCla+KCl 100 pts H2O dissolve 56 pts
CaCl2 at 7°, 100 pts H20 dissolve 31 pts
KC1 at 7°, 100 pts H2O dissolve 63 5 pts
CaCIa+49 pts KC1 at 7° (Mulder, J B
1866 67)

CaCl2-fNaCl 100 pts H2O dissolve 53
pts CaCl2 at 4°, and 56 pts at 7°, 100 pts
H20 dissolve 35 7 pts NaCl at 4°, and 35 7
pts at 7°, IOC pts H20 dissolve 57 b pts
CaCl2+2 4 pts NaCl at 4°, 100 pts H2O dis-
solve 595 pts CaCl +46 pts NiCl at 7°
(Mulder, I c )

100 g H2O dissolve 72 6 g CaCh + lb 0 g
NaCl at 15° (Rudorff )

Sol in sat KNOj+Aq (Pourcroy)

Insol in liquid CO (Buchnei, Z phys
Ch 1906, 64 b74 )

Insol in liquid NH^ (In mkhn, \m Ch
J 1898, 20 827 )

Sol in 1 pt stiong boiling ikohol (Wcn-
/el)

Sol m 8 pts alcohol it 15°, ind in 1 pt
spirits of wine (Beigin in )

Sol in 07 pt boiling ibsolutc ilcohol
(Otto )

Sol in 1 43 ptb boiling abbolutc ikohol it
78 3° (Graham )

Solubility of C iCl in methyl al( ohol

CaCl2 foims \uth rntthyl ikohol two com-
plexes CaCl 4CHdOH and CaCl JCH,OH

Solubility of CaCl2 in ethyl alcohol
CaCl2 forms with ethyl alcohol a complex

CaCl2 3C2H6OH

Solubility of CaCl2 3C2H5OH m C H5OI

att°

t°

% by weight of
CaCl aCaHsOH

t

«• u
i

0
20
40
60
70

34 8
46 0
58 7
73 0
80 8

80
85
90
95
97 mpt

Sb S
S9 2
91 <)
9(> 2
10()

(Mcnschutkm, Z nnoig 1907,52 2->)

h>p ^i at 16c/4° of CiClj+iloohoI <OD
taming 5 bb8% CaCl2 = 0 Si()i() (»S( honiod
/ phyb Ch 189 J, 11 7bS )

B -pt of in alcoholic solution ot C iC 1

'/, ( iCl

H in

2 4
5 W
S 01
<) <)^
1"5 ()4

7S 4i + 0 70
7S 4 i +2 1 >
7S ^2 + 4 is
7S 4 ^ + r> > >
7S 4 * +11 7 >

(Skinner, Chun So< 61 i40 )

Si sol in pi opyl alcohol (Bcithclot)
100 g piopyl alcohol dissolve 10 7r> p

CiCl (Schlarnp Z ])hys Ch 1S<)4, 14, 27b
SI sol in irnyl alcohol (Boms )
Pptd from alcoholic solution bv < thei

(Dobbciemer )

CALCIUM CHLORIDE

149

Sol m wood-spirit, sol m hgnone (Liebig),
insol in lignone (Gmehn )

Insol m acetone, sol m butyl alcohol
(Wurtz )

Very si sol in acetone (Krug and
M'Elroy, J Anal Ch 6 184 )

Solubility m acetone -J-Aq at 20°

Sol in many compound ethers, as ethyl
acetate (Liebig), ethyl lactate (Strecker)

Sol m considerable quantity in amyl sul-
phocyamde (Medlock, Chem Soc 1 374 )
Sol mvalyl (Kolbe)
Very sol in cone HC2H3O (Liebig )
Solubihty of CaCl in acetic acid
CaCl2 forms with acetic acid a complex,

CaCl2 will salt out acetone from aqueous
solution The table shows the composi-

CaCl2, 4CH8COOH

tion of the solutions at the points at
which mhomogeneous solutions of CaCl2,

Solubility of CaCl2, 4CH3COOH in
CHaCOOH at t°

eousat20° lOOg of the solution contain

t°

%bj wt CaCla 4CH3COOH

g CaCl2

g H20

R acetone

11 1

42 0

30

47 6

13 03

52 49

34 48

35

50 0

8 5

45 37

46 15

40

54 7

6 38

39 51

54 11

45

63 0

5 35

35 95

58 70

50

69 5

4 11

31 8

64 09

60

79 5

3 58

29 88

66 54

65

84 5

3 31

28 59

68 10

70

91 2

3 04

27 03

69 93

73

100 0

2 77
13 90

26 67
53 47

70 56
32 63

(Menschutkm, Z anorg 1907,54 95)

10 12

8 47

48 86
45 59

41 02
45 94

Insol m benzomtrile (Naumann, B 1914,

6 92
6 31

41 24
39 15

51 84
54 54

47 1370)
Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B

5 28
4 94
4 37
1 99

36 09
34 72
33 8
23 38

58 63
60 34
61 83
74 63

1910, 43 314 )
SI sol in anhydrous pyndine
Sol in 97%, 95% and 93% pyridme-f Aq
(Kahlenberg, J Am Chem Soc 1908, 30

1 6
1 35
18 787
12 443
in 70

21 4
19 92
55 301
52 153
49 6i

77 00
78 73
25 913
35 404
39 69

100 g sat solution of CaCl2 m sat sugar 4-
Aq at 31 25° contain 42 84 g sugar 4-25 25 g
CaCl2, or 100 g H20 dissolve 135 1 g sugai
4-79 9 g CaCl2 at 31 25° (Kohler, Z Vei

1U I U

0 59

S S2
7 48

7 07

47 75
46 04
42 75
41 54

42 66
45 14

49 77
51 39

Zuckermd, 1907, 47 447 )
4-H20 (Bakhuis Roozeboom ) bee above
+2HO (Bakhuis Roozeboom ) See above
4-4H O Two modifications (Bakfcuib

i \i i

t> 72
30 04
IS 23
15 49
13 IS
11 40
2S 09

40 4S
49 39
55 01
54 00

50 20
51 71

52 S
20 57
26 76
30 51
34 3
38 40
20 20

Roozeboom ) See above
a and £ modifications (a = stabh foim )
(Kuznet/ov, C A 1911, 842 )
4-6H2O Very deliquescent Sol in H C)
with absorption of much heat
250 pts CaCb4-6H2O with 100 pte H2O
at 10 H° lowei the temp 23 2° (Rudorff, B

2(> SI
22 67
IS 1S<)

52 01
55 66
56 21

21 18
21 67
25 60

Melts in crystal H O it 28° (Tilden, Chem
Soc 46 409), at 30 2° (Bakhuis Roo/c boom )

31 21
2 23

1 S2
0 ()S

4S 00
24 <)3
22 27

15 S7

20 SI
72 84
75 S9
83 44

Sat solution in H>() contains at
—22° —17° —5° —5° -f4°
31 5 32 4 35 1 35 2 36 5% salt,

0 5S

14 93

84 49

8° 22°

29° 35° 49°

0 45

13 55

86 00

37 9 42 1

46 1 49 0 55 l%salt,

0 4S

14 49

85 13

0 27

12 31

87 42

63° 80°

104° 115°

0 20

9 95

89 85

55 9 57 5

58 5 58 6% salt

0 15

9 05

90 81

(fitard, A oh 1894, (7) 2 532 )

(trankforter, J Am Chem Soc 1914, 36
1125)

Sat solution

of CaCl 4-6H O contains

150

CALCIUM HYDROXYLAMINE CHLORIDE

44 77 g CaCl2 at 25° (Schrememakers and
Figee, Chem Weekbl 1911, 8 685 )
See also above

Solubility of CaCl2+6H2O in ethyl alcohol +
•Vq under addition of increasing amounts
of CaCl2

Per cent of alcohol
bj volume

G CaCIa
added

Grams C&Ch m
5 cc of solution

92 3

1 430

97 3

1 409

99 3

1 429

1

1 529

2

1 561

3

1 590

4

1 641

5

1 709

(Bodtker, Z phys Ch 1897, 22 510 )

Calcium hydroxylamme cMonde, CaCl2,

3NH2OH, HC1
(Antonow, J Russ Phys Chem Soc 1905,
37 479)

Calcium iodine tfnchloride, 2IC13, CaCl2+

SHoO

Hydroscopic (Wemland. Z anorg 1902.
30 142)

Calcium mercuric chloride, CaCl2, SHgCl +

8HO

Decomp by cold HaO, which dissolves out
CaCl2, but all dissolves on heating (v Bons-

dorff, 1829 )

CaCl2, 2HgCl2+6H,0

Deliquescent

Voiy sol in H2O (v Bonsdorff )

CaCl2, 6HgCl2-f-6H20 Vuy deliquescent
Decomp by H 0 (Stromholm, I pr 1902,
(2) 66 521 )

Calcium lead chloride, basic
See Calcium lead oxychlonde

Calcium magnesium chloride, C iCl , 2MgCl

+ 12H/)

Aim fachhydntt Deliquescent
100 pts HO dissolve W) i pts it 1S7(5°

Bj dissolving 20 pts in SO pts H O the temp

is i us(d 7 75° (Bisehof )

Calcium mercuric chloride, basic, CtCl

2HgO+4HO
SK Calcium mercuric oxychlonde

Calcium thalhc chloride, 2 1 lClj,C iCl +

OH 0

Cm b< uyjst fiom HO (Ge\\eeke A
I«)(W, 366 222 )

Calcium tin (stannic) chloride
St6 Chlorostannate, calcium

Calcium uranium chloride, CaCl2,UCl4

Decomp by H2O (Aloy, Bull Soc 1899,
(3) 21 265 )

Calcium zinc chloride

CaZnCU+SHHA and Ca2ZnCl6+6H O
Very hydroscopic (Ephraim, Z anorg 1910
67 379)

Calcium chlonde ammonia, CaCl2, 8NH»
Sol in H2O with decomp (Faraday )

Calcium chlonde hydrazme, CaCl2, 2N2H4(?)
Ppt (Franzen, Z anorg 1908, 60 288 )

Calcium chlonde hydroxylamme, CaCl
NH2OH+5H20

Not hygroscopic (Antonow. J RUSE
Phys Chem Soc 1905, 37 479 )

CaCl2, 2NH2OH

H- H20 Aqueous solution sat at 20° con
tains 56 6 pts salt

-j-2H2O (Antonow, / c )

2CaGl2, 3NH2OH-f 6H20 (Antonow, I c

2CaCl2, 5NH2OH+4H20 (Antonow, I c

Calcium chloride lead oxide, CaCl , 3PbOH

3H20
See Calcium lead oxychlonde

Calcium chlorofernte, CaO, CaCh, ieaOs
Insol m H2O (le Chateher, C R 99 27b

Calcium chlorofluonde, CaJ 2, CaCl

Decomp by H20, by vuy dil HC1, H\C
01 acetic acid, by hot dil or cone H s()
bol in cone HC1 or HNO3 Insol in, ind in
decomp by rold 01 boiling ilre>hol (Dofieq
(h 1904, (8) 1 «5)

Calcium cyanamide, basic, CN (( i()H)

bH/)

si sul in H () (Vle}d I pi JS7S, (2) 1
42))

Calcium cyanamide, C iC\

Dtroinp by H/) (M(><j, J pj 1S7S, i
18 42 j)

Calcium sw6fluonde, C il

Deeemip by H ()

Sol in he>t <lil HC1 ind sonnvvlut sol i
hi ieeti< \ei<l

Some whit sol m boiling ibsolut< tlenli
(\\ohld, Z uioitf 1()0(), 61 SI )

Calcium fluoride, C tl^

Se>l in 2(>, 923 pts HO it lr>r>° (Wils<
^h Ga/ 1850 366)

1 1 HjO dissolves 16 in^ C il< dt 1

Kohliiusrh, Z phys Ch 1904, 50 o56 )

Ib 5 rng in 1 1 of sat solution at 1

(Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1908, 64 168 )

CALCIUM HYDROXIDE

151

When pptd not completely insol in H2O,
scarcely sol in dil , more sol in cone HC1+
Aq, decomp by cone H^O4, not decomp by
dil aJ.ka.hne solutions (Fresemus )

Not decomp by cone H2S04 below 40°, but
forms a transparent syrup CaF2 is pptd
from this solution by addition of H2O

Sol in cone HC% and HNO3-h Ag in the
same way, but the liquid is not viscid Very
si sol in HF Boiling HCl-fAq dissolves
slightly Decomp by boiling HNO3 4-Aq

Sol in NH4 salts-f Aq (Rose)

Partly deeomp by boiling K2COS, and
Na2C03+Aq (Dulong, A ch 82 278)

Insol in liquid HF (Franklin, Z anorg
1905, 46 2 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904. 37
4329)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B

1909.42 3790)

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann. B

1910.43 314)

Mm Fluonte (Fluorspar) Calculated
fiom electrical conductivity of CaF2+Aq,
1 1 H20 dissolves 14 mg CaF2 at 18° (Kohl-
rausch and Rose, 2 phys Ch 12 241 )

Calcium hydrogen fluoride, CaH2F4+6H20
Decomp by boiling H2O Sol in HF-f Aq
(Fremy, A ch (3) 47 35 )

Calcium tantalum fluoride
*Sec Fluotantalate, calcium

Calcium stannic fluoride
See Fluostannate, calcium

Calcium titanium fluoride
\f( Fluotitanate, calcium

Calcium fluoiodide, C it ,Cal2

Vciy dc liquescent Duomp by cold H O,
IIIOK i ipidly by hot H (), by dil HC1, UNO,,
H S()4 «m< H. S()4, md by dcohol md by
(thu if th<s( n igdits IK not tbsolutt (D(
i i<q/, V (h 1<)04, (S) 1 35S)

Calcium hydride, C ill

Duoinp by H( l + 4q (Wmklu, 13 24
1<)75 (Mol(l(nliaii(i,Z moig 1913,82 130)

C iH R< uhly d((omp by H () md dil
Kids, ihnost insol in (on< Kids Insol m
lx n/( IK, tuij)( nt UK md alkyl h iloicls (Mois-
hin, C It 1S()S 127 30-31 )

I)((oni}) HjO ui<l (thcr, bol in dil H^S(>4
md HNOj, ilmost insol in rori< H S(>4 and
HW, (von I ( ngyll, C C 1898, IT 202 )

Insol in C C14, CS2, ihohols md ethers
No known solve nt (Moissan, ( C 1903, 1
SUi)

dinary temp more than suffices to hold it in
solution (Divers and Shunidzu. Chem Soc
45 271 )

Sp gr of aqueous solution containing 32%
anhydrous CaS2H2 (64% CaS2H2+6H20) =
1255, 375% CaS2H2 (755% CaS2H2+
6H2O) = 1 310 (Divers, and Shimidzu )

Calcium hydroxide, CaO2H2
See also Calcium oxide
SI sol in cold, and less in hot H2O

1 pt CaO dissolves at t° in pts HaO

t°

Pts H2O

4.uthonty

20

4oO

Davy

0

656

Ph

illir

s(A Ph

111 1

7 10r

0

13

700
785

Bergman (Essays etc )
Pavesi and Rotondi (B

7 817}

18

780

Bn

leai

i(4 ch

(3)

51 2

90)

19 5

806

P andR (I c

23

814

P

anc

LR (I c

\

18 75

960

Abl

54 4

972

Dalton (Syst 2 231)

15 6

778

Da

ItOJ

a(Z c)

15 6

752

Phillips tf c)

15 6
15 6

731
741

Wittstem (Repert PHarm 1 182)
Tichborne (Bull Soc (2) 17 24)

100

1270

Da

Ito

a (I c)

100

1280

Phillips (7 c)

100

1330

Wi

ttsl

tern (I c

)

100

1340 .

Tichborne (Z c )

100

1500

Bn

lea

u (I c)

ICO

1758

Tichborne (I c )

Solubility in

H20

1000 pts CaO2H2+Aq

sat

at t° contain pts CaO

t°

Pts CaO

From Nitrate

Marble

Hydrate

0

1 362

1 381

]

L 430

10

1 311

1 342

]

L 384

15

1 277

1 299

]

L 344

30

1 142

1 162

]

[ 195

45

0 996

1 005

3

L 033

60

0 8S4

0 868

0 885

100

0 562

0 576

0 584

(Lamy, C

R 86

333

)

Solubility of CaO2H2 in

H/) at

t°

I

Is H O

PtH ( ^

i()

I ts

HjO

Pis CaO

t

<o 1 pt

in 100
pts H 0

t

to 1 pt
CaO

in 100
pts HO

0

75<)

0 131

60

1136

0 088

10

770

0 129

70

1235

0 080

20

791

0 126

SO

1362

0 073

30

S62

0 116

()0

1579

0 063

40

942

0 107

100

1650

0 060

50

1019

0 09S

Calcium hydrosulphide,

Cryst with 6H2O Extremely sol in H20
and ilc ohol % of its weight of H20 at or-

(Mabcn, Phaim J liaiib (3)14 505)

1 pt CaOJI^ is sol in 640 ptb H20 at 19°,
and 3081 pts at 150° (Shenstone and Cun-
dall, Chem Soc 53 550 )

1000 g H2O dissolve 1 251 g CaO (Carles.
Arch Pharm (3) 4 558 )

152

CALCIUM HYDROXIDE

Solubility of CaO2H2 in H2O 100 pts H20
dissolve pts CaO at t°

Sol in H3B03+Aq at 30° (Sborgi, Real
Ac Line 1913, (5) 22 I, 715 and 798 )
Sol in? NBUCl+Aq Much more sol u
NaCl-hAq than in H20 (Rose )

Solubility of Ca02H2 in NH4Cl+Aq at 25°

t°

Pts CaO

t

Pts CaO

20
40
60

0 1374
0 1162
0 1026

80
100

0 0845
0 0664

Concentration of NEUC1 -f-Aq
in milhmols per liter

Solubility of CaOaH2 in
millimols per liter

(Zahorsky, Z anorg 3 34 )

1 pt CaO is sol in pts H2O at t°
t° 15° 20° 25° 30° 35° 40° 45°
pts H20 776 813 848 885 924 962 1004

0 00
21 76
43 52
87 03

20 22
29 08
39 23
59 68

t° 50° 55° 60° 65° 70° 75° 80°
pts H20 1044 1108 1158 1244 1330 1410 1482

(Herzfeld, C C 1897, 1, 932 )

100 g sat CaO2H24-Aq contain g CaO
att°

t° 5 10 15 20 25
g CaO 0 135 0 1342 0 132 0 1293 0 1254

t° 30 35 40 50 60

g CaO 0 1219 0 1161 0 1119 0 0981 0 0879

t° 70 80 90 100
g CaO 00781 0074 00696 00597
^ 7 - J Soc Chem Ind 1901, 20 223 )

ity in H20 at high temp
of the solution contains at
>0° 150° 190°
U305 0169 0034g CaO

(Herold, Z elektrochem 1905, 11 421 )
Solubility in H2O at t°

t°

1 g CaO is sol m t HaO at t

2

768 5

10

786 S

15

804 3

20

826 4

25

868 7

30

908 2

40

988 1

50

1083 0

60

1179 0

70

1274 8

80

1368 1

(Moody, Chem feoc 1908,93 1772)

Sat CaO2H2+Aq contains at

95° 76°

0 0580 0 0705% by wt CaO

(Tschugaeff, Z anorg 1914, 86 159 )

100 g sat solution of CaO2H2 in H2O at
25° contain 0 117 g Ca02H2 (Cameron and
Potter, J phys Ch 1911, 15 70 )

Readily sol in most acids

(Noyes and Chapin, Z phys Ch 1899, 2J
520)

Solubility of Ca02H2 in CaCl2 + Aq 100 pt
CaCl2 + Aq of given strength dissolve pt
CaO at t°

20
40
60
80
100

01370
01160
01020
00936
00906

^

0 1661
01419
0 1313
01328
0 1389

S

01993
01781
01706
0 1736
0 1842

-58

0 1857*

02249

02204

02295

02325

^Q

%

0 1661*
0 3030*
02989
03261
03710

0 163(
0368^
0366'
0412
0492

* In these cases ppts of 3CaO CaCb-f loH2O wei
formed

(Zahorsky, Z anorg 3 34 )

See also CaCl +CaO->H2 undei Calcitu
chloride

Solubility in Ca(N03)2+Aq at 25°

• J2

^O

bp gr
25°/25

ii

? bo

QS

Solid phiis<

q

MS

1 0249

0 096

3 38

)

1 0484

0 !<)<)

S 52

J- C i(OII)

1 0940

0 125

13 42

)

1 1383

0 181

20 73

Ca(OH) and solid solutK

CaO \N O yH O

1 1840

0 187

28 98

1 2101

0 198

32 84

1 2287

0 212

30 83

1 2290

0 21 3

37 ^

1 2o41

0 224

40 2)

Solid solution

1 2581

0 230

41 98

C u() x'V O \H 0

1 2826

0 2bO

47 00

1 2901

0 2b3

47 1(>

1 3337

0 332

5k (>7

1 3735

0 429

o(> 40

1 419,

0 54 i

S3 03

Solid solution ( H() xN (

vH^O and Ca(N()«)i

1 4840
1 5330

0 44<)
0 371

99 70
115 50

^ Ca(NOj) 3^11 0

1 5809

0 303

13o 30

Ca(M» i t rid

« \ 4H

1 5842

0 000

139 30

\ i1

(Cameron and Robinson, J phys Chei

1907, 11 275 )

CALCIUM HYDROXIDE

153

Solubility of Ca02H2 in Ca(N08)2-f Aq
Temp =25°

G per 100 « sat
solution

Solid phase

CaO

Ca(NOs)2

0 1150

0

CaO H2

0 0978

4 84

0 1074

9 36

0 1193

13 77

0 1444

22 46

0 1650

27 83

0 1931

32 94

0 2579

40 66

0 3060

44 44

0 2802

45 28

Ca2^207 3H O

0 2314

47 79

0 1894

51 07

0 1659

53 20

0 1486

55 25

0 0836

57 72

Ca(NO3)24HO

0

57 98

Temp =100°

0 0561

0

CaOH

0 0550

2 42

0 0624

4 91

0 1110

15 39

0 1200

16 10

0 155

21 86

0 269

33 03

0 480

42 26

0 973

50 94

1 261

53 75

1 477

55 40

1 47b

55 43

1 491

55 65

1 635

56 89

CaOaf+CaiNsO 2H O

1 686

57 03

CaaNzO 2H ()

1 596

57 91

1 57b

58 67

1 MS

60 44

1 167

02 82

1 077

66 44

1 141

69 12

1 252

70 60

Ca NXh 2H O+Ca NT ()7 "H O

1 203

70 40

Ca N()71XH 0

1 103

71 44

0 937

7* 85

0 849

75 74

0 815

76 94

0 804

77 62

Ca(NTOj)

0 412

77 74

0

78 4^

(Babsctt and laylor, Chem Soc 1914, 105
1926)

Solubility of CaO m KC1 and NaCi+Aq
Curves arc given which show that the solu-
bility of lime m solutions of either NaCl or

KC1 is a maximum for all

temps when the

solution contains about 60

ff of salt per 1

It is a minimum at any fixed temp when the
solution is sat , the solubility then being

much less than in pure H2O of the same temp

A solution of NaCl dissolves more lime at all

temps and concentrations than a correspond-
ing solution of KC1 In all cases the maximum

solubility of lime occurs when the temp is

lowest With solutions of all concentrations

the solubility decreases regularly as the temp

increases (Cabot, J Soc Chem Ind 1897,

16 417-419)

Solubility in KCl+Aq increases with in-

creased quantities

of KC1

and then dunin-

ishes, becoming le

ss than

the solubility in

H2O alone (Kernot, Gazz

ch it 1908, 38

(1) 532 )

KOH or NaOH+Aq containing 1 pt KOH
or NaOH in 100 pts H2O do not dissolve

more than Vsoooo pt CaO2H2, but

it is sol in

NH4OH+Aq (Pelouze, A

ch (3)33 11)

Solubility m NaOH+Aq at t°

G NaOH

Soluhihtj of CaO in g per liter at

per 1

20°

50°

70° 100°

0

1 17

0 88

0 75 0 54

0 400

0 94

0 65

0 53 0 35

1 600

0 57

0 35

0 225 0 14

2 666

0 39

0 20

0 11 0 05

5 000

0 18

0 06

0 04 0 01

8 000

0 11

0 02

0 01 traces

20 000

0 02

traces

0

0

(d'Anselme, Bull

Soc 1903, (3)

29 936)

Solubility of CaO m NaCl + NaOH +Aq

G NaCl

G CaO per 1 of solution

containing

per 1

XT M MU OS9 g

40Qg

No NaOH NaOH

pt r 1

NaOH per 1

0

1 3

0 8

0 22

5

1 4

0 9

10

1 6

0

25

1 7

L

50

1 S

25

75

1 Q

4

0 55

100

1 85

4

150

1 65

25

0 44

175

1 6

1 2

182

1 6

I 2

225

1 4

1 0

250

1 3

0 9

300

1 1

0 7

0 22

(Maigret, Bull

Soc 1905, (3)

33 631)

152

CALCIUM HYDROXIDE

Solubility of Ca02H2 in H20 100 pts H20
dissolve pts CaO at t°

Sol in H3B03+Aq at 30° (Sborgi, I
Ac Line 1913, (5) 22 I, 715 and 798 )
Sol in» NH4Cl+Aq Much more so
NaCl+Aq than in H20 (Rose )

Solubility of Ca02H2 m NH4Cl+Aq at

al
in

0

t°

Pts CaO

t°

Pts CaO

20
40
60

0 1374
0 1162
0 1026

80
100

0 0845
0 0664

Concentration of NHUCI +Aq
m millimols per liter

Solubility of CaO
millimols per lit

in

(Zahorsky, Z anorg 3 34 )

1 pt CaO is sol in pts H20 at t°
t° 15° 20° 25° 30° 35° 40° 45°
pts H20 776 813 848 885 924 962 1004

0 00
21 76
43 52
87 03

20 22
29 08
39 23
59 68

t° 50° 55° 60° 65° 70° 75° 80°
pts H20 1044 1108 1158 1244 1330 1410 1482

(Herzfeld, C C 1897, 1, 932 )

100 g sat CaO2H2+Aq contain g CaO
att°

t° 5 10 15 20 25
g CaO 0 135 0 1342 0 132 0 1293 0 1254

t° 30 35 40 50 60
g CaO 0 1219 0 1161 0 1119 0 0981 0 0879

t° 70 80 90 100
g CaO 00781 0074 00696 00597
(Guthne, J Soc Chem Ind 1901, 20 223 )

Solubility in H20 at high temp
1 litre of the solution contains at
120° 150° 190°
0305 0169 0034g CaO

(Herold, Z elektrochem 1905, 11 421 )
Solubility in H20 at t°

t°

1 g CaO is sol in g thO at t°

2

768 5

10

786 8

15

804 3

20

826 4

25

868 7

30

90S 2

40

988 1

50

1083 0

60

1179 0

70

1274 8

80

1368 1

(Moody, Chem Soc 1908,93 1772)

Sat Ca02H2+Aq contains at

95° 76°

0 0580 0 0705% by wt CaO

(Tschugaeff, Z anorg 1914, 86 159 )

100 g sat solution of Ca02H2 m H2O at
25° contain 0 117 g Ca02H2 (Cameron and
Potter, J phys Ch 1911, 15 70 )

Readily sol in most acids

(Noyes and Chapm, Z phys Ch 1898 28
520)

Solubility of Ca02H2 in CaCl2 -f Aq 10( 3ts
CaCl2 + Aq of given strength dissolv Dts
CaO at t°

+ »

01370
01160
01020
00936
00906

to
§2

0 1661
01419
0 1313
0 1328
0 1389

to

0 1993
0 1781
01706
0 1736
0 1842

0 1857*

02249

02204

02295

02325

0 1661*
0 3030*
02989
03261
03710

C 630*

C 684*

C 664

C 122

C 922

* In these cases ppts of 3CaO CaCLj-fl-jHaf svere
formed

(Zahoisky, Z anorg 3 34 )

See also CaCl +CaO H
chloride

undti Ca mm

Solubility m Ca(NO3)2+Aq at 25°

3~W

_o

Sc lid phus<

bp gr

ifl

o§

g

MC

1 0249

0 (W(>

* w

1

1 0484

0 10M

S >2

[ ( i(OH)

1 0440

(J 12,

1 i 42

)

1 UK}

0 1S1

20 7i

( n(OH) ntid solid

lltlOU

CaO xN 0 vl

)

1 1840

0 1S7

28 <)K

1 2101

0 1<)S

*2 S4

1 2287

0 212

i(> H \

1 22<)0

0 21i

i7 > >

1 2^41

0 224

10 2>

S lid s lulu i

1 2581

0 2*0

41 <)S

( ii<) \\ 0 \H

i

1 282fo

0 200

47 00

1 2<)0>

0 2()i

\1 1()

1 *3J7

0 \\2

,S (>7

1 37*5

0 42')

()() H)

1 419;

0 >4>

Si (){

Solid s< lutu n ( JiO

V O

yll O and Ca(N(

i

i1 I! 0

1 4840
1 5330

0 44<>

o m

<)<) 70

I Ca(NOi) i'^H
)

1 5809

0 MM

H> iO

Cji(NO«) i1 II 0

id

Cn(NOi)

4H O

1 5842

0 000

1 iO W Cu(NO3)^ 4H

(Cameron and Robinson, J phys

hem

1907, 11 275 )

CALCIUM HYDROXIDE

153

Solubility of CaO2H2 m Ca(NO3)2+Aq
Temp =25°

G per 100 « sat
solution

Solid phase

CaO

Ca(NOs)

0 1150

0

CaOH

0 0978

4 84

0 1074

9 36

0 1193

13 77

0 1444

22 46

0 1650

27 83

0 1931

32 94

0 2579

40 66

0 3060

44 44

0 2802

45 28

Ca NT207 3H O

0 2314

47 79

0 1894

51 07

0 1659

53 20

0 1486

55 25

0 0836

57 72

Ca(NOa) 4H O

0

57 98

Temp =100°

0 0561

0

CaOH

0 0550

2 42

0 0624

4 91

0 1110

15 39

0 1200

16 10

0 155

21 86

0 269

33 03

0 480

42 26

0 973

50 94

1 261

53 75

1 477

55 40

1 47b

55 43

1 491

55 65

1 635

56 89

Ca02tJ +Ca NaOr 2H O

1 686

57 03

CaaN20 2H O

1 596

57 91

1 57b

58 67

1 348

60 44

1 lt>7

62 82

1 077

66 44

1 141

69 12

1 252

70 60

Ca N/>7 2IIjO+Ca N/>7 UJH 0

1 203

70 40

Ca N 0: ! HO

1 103

71 44

0 937

7* 85

0 849

75 74

0 815

7b 94

0 804

77 62

Ca(NOi)

0 412

77 74

0

78 43

(Babsttt and laylor, Chem Soc 1914, 105
1926)

Solubility of CaO in KC1 and NaCl+Aq
Curves ai e given which show that the solu
bility of lime m solutions of either NaCl or

KC1 is a maximum for all

temps

when the

solution contains about 60

ff Of

salt per 1

It is a mirumum at

any fixed temp

when the

solution is sat, the "solubility then being

much less than in pure H20 of the same temp

A solution of NaCl dissolves more lime at all

temps and concentrations than a correspond-
ing solution of KC1 In all cases the maximum

solubility of lime occurs when the temp is

lowest With solutions of all concentrations

the solubility decreases regularly as the temp
increases (Cabot, J Soc Chem Ind 1897,

16 417-419)

Solubility in KCl-KAq increases with in-

creased quantities

of KC1

and then dimin-

ishes, becoming le

ss than

the solubility m

H20 alone (Kernot, Gazz

ch it

1908, 38

(1) 532 )

KOH or NaOH+Aq containing 1 pt KOH
or NaOH in 100 pts H2O do not dissolve

more than VBMOO pt CaO2H2, but it is sol in

NH4OH+-Aq (Pelouze, A

ch (3)

33 11)

Solubility m NaOH+Aq at t°

G NaOH

Solubility of CaO in g per liter at

perl

20°

50°

70°

100°

0

1 17

0 88

0 75

0 54

0 400

0 94

0 65

0 53

0 35

1 600

0 57

0 35

0 22

5 0 14

2 666

0 39

0 20

0 11

0 05

5 000

0 18

0 06

0 04

0 01

8 000

0 11

0 02

0 01

traces

20 000

0 02

traces

0

0

(d'Anselme, Bull

Soc 1903, (3)29 936)

Solubility of CaO m NaCl-fNaOH+Aq

G NaCl

G CaO per 1 of solution containing

ptrl

No NaOH NaOH perl |l

409g
NfaOH per 1

0

1 3

0 8

0 22

5

1 4

0 9

10

1 fa

1 0

25

1 7

1 1

50

1 S

1 25

75

I Q

1 4

0 55

100

1 85

1 4

150

1 t>5

1 25

0 44

175

1 6

1 2

182

1 b

1 2

225

1 4

1 0

250

1 3

0 •

9

300

1 1

0 7

0 22

(Maigret, Bull

Soc 1905, (3) 33 631 )

154

CALCIUM HYDROXIDE

Solubility of CaO2H2 in CaSO4+Aq at 25°

G per 100 cu- sat
solution

Solid phase

CaSOi

CaO

0

0 Ilo6

CaOaH

0 0391

0 1141

0 0666

0 1150

0 0955

0 1215

0 1214

0 1242

0 1588

0 1222

CaOaHa -rCa&CU 2H2O

0 1634

0 0939

CaS04 2H 0

0 1722

0 0611

0 1853

0 0349

0 1918

0 0176

0 2030

0 0062

0 2126

0

(Cameron and Bell, J Am Chem Soc 1906,
28 1220)

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 827 )

Alcohol dissolves traces

Methyl alcohol foims colloidal solution
containing 1 125 g per 1 (Neuberg and
Rewald, Biochem Z 1908, 9 545 )

Insol in ether

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329 )

Insol in acetone and in methylal (Eid-
mann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1904, 37 3601 )

Much more sol in glycerine, or sugar 4- Aq
than in H2O

Solubility of CaO in glycerine

Wt of
glycerine in

Wt CaO
contained in
KM) can of

Relation of C a() to
glycerine

solution

liquid at
\vith CiO

CaO

( \\( i HIM

10 00

0 370

3 6

9b 4

5 00

0 240

4 b

95 4

2 Sb

0 190

b 4

93 (>

2 50

0 192

7 1

92 9

2 00

0 ISb

S 5

91 r)

1 00

0 165

14 2

85 S

(Bcrthclot, A ch O)46 17b)

1000 g H () dibsolve 1 251 g CiO, 1000 g
H 0 + 50 g glycerine dissolve 1 8b5 g CaO,
1000 g HO-hlOOg glycenm dissolve 2583
g CaO, 1000 g H2O+200 g glycerine dis
solve 4040 g CaO, 1000 g H20+400 g
glycerine dissolve 6569 g CaO (Caiks,
Aich Pharm (3) 4 558)

Insol m pule glycerine

Solubility of CaO2H2 in glycerine 4- Aq at 5°
Gr=g glycerine in 100 g glycerine +A
34Ca(OH )=milhmols sol in 100 cc j yc-

erme+Aq

G

MCaO-Ha

&p gr

0
7 15
20 44
31 55
40 95
48 7
69 2

4 3
8 13
14 9
22 5
40 1
44 0
95 8

1 0003
1 0244
1 0537
1 0842
1 1137
1 1356
1 2027

(Herz and Knoch, Z anoig 1905, 46 3 )

Solubility in glycerine +Aq at 25°

Solution contains

% Ca(OH)2 % glycerine %H2O

0 117
0 178
0 413

0 48

0 88

1 34

0

3 50
15 59
17 84
34 32
55 04

96 32

80 28

81 68
64 80
43 62

Sp

1 Oi

1 0

1 0!

1 1

Solid phase in this system is CaO Ho
(Cameron and Patten, J phys Chem 1'
15 71 )

100 pts» su^ar dissolve J in H^O dissoh ( j>
CaO (Osann) 50 pts CaO (Ure) 49 (> pts
(Darnell) 20-300 pts CaO (Hunton) 2i pts
(Soubeiran )

feiikar solution at 100 takes up '^ niol f u< ) l
niol sugar at 0° if it < out uns not less th in
sut,ar it takes up 2 mols CH() to 1 inol suu, ir
brunfaut )

Amount dissolved is proportion il to tin d nsi
Urnpt patun of the solutions

solubihtv of C

(j )ts
lO

Ft

di sol\
100 pt

40
{7
{ > 0

u^ai

Hrl it ion of C

a<) 1< iiku

((H'O

C i<>

S»U 11

21 0

~ s

>

20 S

- 2

)

20 >

~< >

)

20 {

" 7

)

20 1

" <)

)

1M )

SO I

)

in s

SO 2

,

1(> i

so 7

)

IS S

si „

,

IS 7

S] {

)

is >

SI

)

is i

s! 7

)

IS 1

si <)

)

1<> <)

si 1

)

1 ) i

S4 7

)

1 i S

S< 2

(I<hM)t C R 32

100 K olution of suMir sat with CaO b«tw<.d 10
uul o4 4° contain 22 ) to 2* ->% CaO (Hunton 1 7 )

CALCIUM HYDROXYHYDROSULPHIDE

155

Solubility of CaO m dil sugar solutions

Solubility in sugar +Aq at 25°

Wt of CaO
Wt of sugar contained in
in 100 ccm 100 ccm of
of solution liquid sat
with CaO

Relation of CaO
to sugar

Solution contains

Sp gr

% Ca(OH)

% sugar

%HO

CaO

Sugar

0 117
0 188
0 730
1 355
2 31
3 21
4 57
5 38
6 07

0

0 62
4 82
7 50
9 87
11 90
15 10
17 42
19 86

99 19
94 50
91 12
87 85
84 89
80 33
76 93
73 07

0 983
1 000
1 021
1 037
1 051
1 067
1 092
1 109
1 123

4 850 1 031
2 401 0 484
2 000 0 433
1 660 0 364
1 386 0 326
1 200 0 316
1 058 0 281
0 960 0 264
0 400 0 194
0 191 0 172
0 096 0 154
0 000 0 148

17 5
16 8
17 8
18 0
19 0
20 8
21 0
21 6
32 7
47 4
61 6

82 5
83 2
82 2
82 0
81 0
79 2
79 0
78 4
67 3
52 6
78 4

The solid phase in this system consists of a
series of solid solutions with Ca(OH) a limit-
ing case
(Cameron and Patteu, J phys Chem 1911,
15 70)

Solubility of CaO in sugar +Aq at 80°

(Berthelot, A ch (3)46 176)
Solubility in sugar +Aq at t°

% sugar

% CaO

% Sugar

% CaO

4 90
9 90
14 75

0 117
0 189
0 230

19 50
24 60
29 70

0 358
0 458
1 017

t°

G sugar in 100 ccm
of solution

G CaO dissolved
per 100 g sugar

16-17°

0 7814
0 9120
1 4000
1 6930
4 754
5 730
10 159
11 200
12 500
13 930
14 487
Ib 410

37 9
32 3
30 5

28 9
27 7
27 1
27 5
27 2
27 3
27 9
27 5
28 0

Solid phase, CaO2BU
(von Ginneken, Proc Kon Akad v Wet*
ensch, Amsterdam, 1911, 14 457 )

Solubility of CaO in manmte+Aq

Wt of
mannite m
100 ccm of
solution

Wt of Ca(
contained i
100 ccm o
liquid sat
with CaO

^ Relation of CaO to
? mnnmte
t

CaO

Manmte

9 60
4 SO
2 40
1 92
1 bO
1 37
1 20
1 07
0 96
0 192
0 096
0 000

0 753
0 372
0 255
0 225
0 207
0 194
0 193
0 190
0 186
0 155
0 154
0 148

7 3
7 2
9 6
10 5
11 4
12 5
13 9
15 1
16 2
44 6
61 6

92 7

92 8
90 4
S9 5
88 6
S7 5
S6 1
S4 9
86 8
55 4
38 4

15C

0 b25
0 9b4
2 084
3 02S
3 451
4 1(>S
4 SSO
5 7*
() 12
(> 25
() 51
7 55
S 20

71 6
53 4
36 0
32 3

31 7
30 2

28 7
28 3
27 4
27 7
27 5
27 9
27 3

(Buthelot, A ch (3) 46 17(> )

Solutions ol CaO in sugai, manmt< , or gly-
«nm iffoul in tbundint ppt on bojng
heated, but this rt dissolves on eoohng
(lio tlit lot )
Sol in soibite -|-A.q (Pelouze), si sol
m quercitc 4-Aq Sol m monobasic Ci sic
ehaiatt+\q (Pchgot ) Much mou sol in
gel itmc -fAq than m puit H O

(Weisbdjr, Hull Sot 1S*)<), (3)21 775)

Calcium hydroxyhydrosulphide, Ca(()H)SH -f

3H>()

Easily sol m H2O with almost immediate
decomposition Jnpol in alcohol, but blowly

156

CALCIUM IODIDE

decoinp thereby (Divers and Shimidzu,
Chem Soc 46 270)

Calcium su&iodide, Cal

Decoinp by moisture (Wohler. Z anorg
1909,61 76)

Calcium iodide, CaI2

Deliquescent 100 pts H20 dissolve —
at 0° 20° 40° 43° 92°

192 204 228 286 435 pts CaI2
(Kremers, Pogg 103 65 )

Sp gr of CaI2-f Aq at 19 5° containing
5 10 15 20 25 30% CaI2,

1 044 1 09 1 14 1 198 1 26 1 321

35 40 45 50 55 60% CaI2
1 398 1 477 1 567 1 665 1 78 1 91
(Kremers, calculated by Gerlach, Z anal
8 285)

Sol in absolute alcohol (Gay-Lussac, A
ch 91 57)

Sol m acetone (Naumann, B 1904. 37
4328. Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Sol in ethyl acetate (Naumann. B 1910.
43 314)

+4H O (Kuznetzov, C A 1911 842 )

-j-6H2O Sat aq solution contains at
— 22° +7° 10° 19°
616 650 651 66 3% salt

51° 64° 130° 248°
694 759 813 87 1% salt
(fitard, A ch 1894 (7) 2 543 )

+7H O (Kuznetzov )

Calcium penodide,

(Mosnier, A ch 1897. (7) 12 401 )

CaI4 (Herz and Bulla, Z anorg 1911, 71

255)

Calcium mercuric iodide, CaI2,HgI2-f 8H,jO

Ver> deliquescent Sol in H/), alcoholb,
allyl iodide, aldehyde, acetic acid, ethyl oxal-
ate and imlme SI sol in niti oberizene
Completely msol in CHC13, CC14, ethyl
iodide ethylene bromide, CeHc, monochlor-
benzene tnd toluene (Dubom, C R 190b,
142 573)

3C il , 4HgIi+24HaO bol m H O with
pptn of red Hgl

V<ry ^ol in aloohols, glycerine, ethyl ace-
tate, methyl and isobutyl propionat<, illyl
iodide, ildehyde, acetone, aniline and ethyl
oxalitt Insol or si sol m nitrobenzene
Insol in CHCls, CeHe, ethyl iodide, mono-
chlorbenzene, etc (Dubom, C R 1906, 142
397)

CaI2, 2HgI2

Decomp by H2O (Boullay )

CaI2, 5HgI2+8HO Decomp by H2O,

alcohols, glycerine, aldehyde, and acetic id,

slowly by nitrobenzene and ethyl oxt ite

Insol in monochlorbenzene, toluene, C C13
and ethylene bromide (Dubom, I c )

Calcium silver iodide, CdI2, 2AgI-f6H2

Immediately decomp by H2O (Simi Dn,
Roy Soc Proc 27 120)

Calcium zinc iodide, CaI2, ZnI2-f-8H20

Very hydroscopic (Ephrami, Z ai rg
1910, 67 384 )

Calcium iodide ammonia, CaI2, 6NH3
(Isambert, C R 66 1259 )

Calcium nitride, Ca8N2

Sol m dil acids, insol m cone (water ae)
acids (Moissan, C R 1898, 127 499 )

Calcium oxide, CaO

Decomp by H20, with evolution of n ch
heat, to form Ca02H2, which see for solub ty
in H2C, etc

Calcium peroxide, Ca02

Very si sol in H20, easily sol in a< Is,

and NH4 salts +Aq Insol in NH4OH-f q
(Conroy, Chem Soc (2) 11, 808 )

4-2H20 True composition is Ca02I -f

H202 (de Forcrand, C R 1900, 130 13 ) )

4-8H20 Efflorescent Difficultly so] m

H20 with gradual decomp Insol m alci LO!

or ether (Gay-Lussac and Thcnard, A h
(2) 8 313 )

Calcium oxybromide, 3CaO, CaBr2-|-16I- J

Decomp by H20 and alcohol Very ca 1>

sol in hydracids and dil HNOi (1 as y.
C R 1894, 119 372 )

Calcium oxychlonde, Ct4O3Gl -f l*5H ( =
3CaO, CaClj + l'SHjO

Decomp by H2O 01 alcohol (Host )

Formula ib Ca2HO C1+7HO (Gnmsh \,
C N 30 280)

+ 16H/) Decomp by HO into CaO I
and CaCl2 until i maximum of Hr> g C I
uedibsolved per litn (Ditt<,( H 91 5 )

4CaO, CaCl+14H/) (Schitmomal^ rs
ind F igeo, Chem Weekbl 1011,8 685)

CaO,C iClj (Sfhremcinakcis and iMgt )

Calcium lead oxychlonde, C iCI C tO, 2I3 0
+4H20

Sol in H2O with duomp (AndK, C i
104 359)

CaCh, 3PbO -h 3H2C) ( Andi ( )

Calcium mercuric oxychlonde, C iCh, 2H J

+4HO

Decomp immediately by H O (Rlnu r.
B 16 997)

CALCIUM SULPHIDE

157

Calcium oxyiodide, 3CaO, CaI2-f-16H2O

Decomp by H2O, alcohol, and acids Sol
in hydracids and in very dil HNOS (Tassily,
C R 1894, 119 372 ) *'

Calcium oxysulphide, Ca403S4+12H20 =
3CaO, CaS4-fl2H2O

Decomp by H2O Not acted on by ab-
solute alcohol (Schone, Pogg 117 77 )

According to Geuther (A 224 178)=CaS3,
2CaO+10, or llH2O Sol m dil HCl+Aq
with separation of S

Ca604S4+18H20=4CaO, CaS4-M8H20
Decomp by H20, but not acted on by ab-
solute alcohol (Schone, Pogg 117 82 )

According to Geuther (A 224 178) = CaS3j
3CaO + 14, or 15H2O

Ca606S6+20H20-5CaO, CaS6+20H20
(Rose, Pogg 65 433 )

Sol m 400 pts cold, decomp by boiling
H20 (Buchner) , si sol m cold, much more in
hot H20, but it is not deposited on cooling
Aqueous solution sat at 6°-7 2° has sp gr »
10105 (Herschel), sol in alcohol (Gay-Lus-
sac), insol in alcohol (Gmehn)

Calcium phosphide, CaP

Deliquescent Decomp in moist air or
with H20 Not attacked by cone HN03. but
decomp by dil HNO3+Aq (The*nard, A
ch (3) 14 14 )

Ca3P2 Crystallized

Decomp by HjO

Not attacked by cone HjS04 Violently
attacked by dil H2SO4

Not attacked by abs alcohol, ether, ben-
zene or oil of turpentine (Moissan, C R
1899, 128 792 )

Ca2P3 Insol in liquid CO2 (Buchner,
2 phys Ch 1906, 64 674 )

Calcium selemde, CaSc

hi sol in H2O Very eisily decomp
(*abre, C R 102 1469)

Calcium suicide, CaSi2

Slowly dccomp by H O, sol in oono H2SO4
ind dil HNO, with evolution of H2 With
( one HC1 it KIVL t> H 2, Si and silicon hydride
with dil HC1, H^ and a yellow substance
Sol in alkali + Aq 01 NPI^-f-Aq with evolu-
tion of H2 (Moissan, C 11 1902, 134 505 )

1 wo modific it ions

(a) Only si sol in HNO,, cltcomp H/) to
give an insol ppt on addition of HC1

(b) Eisily sol in HNOi and icetic acid,
dtcomp HC1 to give a ppt which is sol in
KOH+Aq fdc Chalmot, Am Ch J 1896,
18, 320 )

Ca3bi2 Slowly decomp by H20, i ipidly
by dil acetic acid 01 by JH2SO3-hAq without
( volution of spontaneously inflammable gas
(Homgschmid, M 1909, 30 497 )

Decomp by dil mm acids, with evolution

of spontaneously inflammable gas (Hack-
spill, Bull Soc 1908, (4) 3 619 )

CafiSiio Insol in all solvents Decomp
by boiling H2O, by cone HC1 and by acetic
acid Sol in dil alkali and alkali carbonates
-f Aq Hardly attacked by cone H2SO4 01
HN03 (Kolb, Z anorg 1909, 64 349 )

CanSiio Easily decomp by boiling with
H20 Decomp by dil acetic acid, dil or
cone HC1 (Kolb, Z anorg 1909, 64 349
and 356 )

Calcium sikcomtride, CaSi2N3

(Kolb, Z anorg 1909, 64 363 )

Ca2Si8N4 Slowly decomp by boiling with
H20, somewhat more rapidly with dil NaOH
-hAq Slowly decomp by cone HC1 (Kolb,

I c)

CanSiioNi Completely decomp by HC1
(Kolb, I c )

Calcium sulphide, CaS

500 pts H20 dissolve 1 pt CaS completely,
less H2O dissolves out CaS2H2 and leaves
Ca02H2 Very much H2O decomposes com-
pletely into Ca02H2 and H2S (Be* champ, A
ch (4) 16 222 )

Not decomp by H2O, and onl> si sol
therein at ordinary temp (Pelouze )

After 48 hours contact with CaS, 1 I H O
contains at

10° 18° 40° 60° 90°
0 15 0 23 0 30 0 48 0 33 g CaS
After boiling for 2 hours, 0 27 g Cab is
dissolved, addition of NaCl diminishes solu-
bility, but Na2SO4 increases it Lime-water
dissolves at 14° 0 18 g CaS, the same amount
which H2O dissolves at 60° Milk of lime
dissolves 0 55 g at 60° H2O containing 3 to
79 g Na2O pei litre dissolves only tiaees of
CaS at 10°, but at 40-60°, or by boding, i
large amount of Na2S is formed (Kolb, A
ch (4) 7 126 )

501 in 12,500 pts H/) at 12 6° (Scheurei-
Kestner, R<5pert chim appl 1862 331 )

Sat Na2COi-|-Aq has scarcely my \ction
on CaS, but a dilute solution has moie iction
(Kolb )

Sol in H2O and sulphui , forming C tS4

Insol in liquid NH\ (fcranklm, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 827 )

Insol in methyl icetitc (Nuimiiui B
IW9, 42 3700 )

Insol m ethyl i«t it< (Niumum 13
1904, 37 3601 )

Insol m imth}lal (I1 idrmum, C C 1899,

II 1014)

Sol m 10 ptb glyccnru (Cip uidCruot
J Phaim (3)26 81 )

Sol in sugai+Aq (Stollc, C C 1900, I
1044)

Calcium /6^/ttSulphide, CaS<
Known only m solution

158

CALCIUM SULPHIDE

Calcium joewiasulphide, CaS5
Sol in H2O and alcohol (Berzehus )
Exists only m aqueous solution (Schone.

Pogg 117 73)

Calcium hydroxyl sulphide, Ca(OH)SH+

3HO

Easily sol in H20 with immediate decomp
and separation of Ca(OH)2 Insol in alcohol,
but slowly decomp thereby (Divers and
Shimidzu, Chem Soc 45 270 )

Calcium stannic sulphide
See Sulphostannate, calcium

Calomel
See Mercurous chloride

Carbamic acid

Ammonium carbamate acid carbonate (com-
mercial carbonate of ammonia)
See Carbonate carbamate, ammonium hy-
drogen

(salts of hartshorn), 2NH4HC03,

NH4CONH2

See Carbonate carbamate, ammonium hy-
drogen

Carbazote silicon, C SiN

Inbol in acids, even HE , also in boiling
KOH+Aq (Schutzenbeigei and Colson,
C R 92 1508)

Carbon, C

Insol in all solvents

Diimond is unacted upon by KClO^+fum
HN03, giaphite forms giaphitic acid by
KClOi-Hum HNO,7 amoiphous earbon ib
sol ui KClO3-Hum HNO, (Beithdot, A
ch (4) 19 399 )

Diimond is bf)l in molten nori at 1100°
Amoiphous carbon is inbol in molten iron it
1160°, but btconub sol then in by he it ing to
1400° (Htmpd, B 18 <WS )

Insol m liquid CO2 (Buchwi 7i phys
Ch HMM) 54 074)

ChiKoil ib uisol m liquid Ml, (Gon
Am Ch J 18% 20 S*0)

I h( qu mtit> ot <arbon disholvcd by uon
diminishes by increasing phosphoi us, falling
by about 05% for (a(h tdditionil 20% of
phosphoius (I«<tt\\us, M(tilluigi( 1900,
3 60 j

Solubility m non is mluu d by th( puscnei
of tin ind of sulphui (\\ust, M<tilhugi<
lOOb 3 109)

1 h( solubility of C m uon is mm is«l bv
the piesenre of chromium <) 2rc C dissolved
\\hui b2% Ci is present m tin mi\tuu
(Got r< ns, Me t ilhugie 1907, 4 IS )

t°
0

1

2
3
4
5
6

V

t°

V

t°

0 2466
0 2432
0 2402
0 2374
0 2350
0 2329
0 2312

0 03287
0 03207
0 03131
0 03057
0 02987
0 02920
0 02857

7
8
9
10
11
12
13

0 02796
0 02739
0 02686
0 02635
0 02588
0 02544
0 02504

14
15
16
17
18
10
20

Carbon bonde, CB6

Insol in boiling HNO3-f-Aq
97 456)

(Joly, R

Carbon swfomde,
B -pt +7° at 761 mm
Sol in HgO with formation of maloruc cid
Slowly decomp on standing in a aled

tube (Diels, B 1906, 39 696 )

Carbon mowoxide, CO

Sol in 50 vols recently boiled HaO (Daw )
Sol m 16 vols H2O (de Saussure )
Sol m 27 vols H2O (Dalton )
100 vols H O dissolve 6 2 vols CO at 18° (d
sure)

Solubility of CO in H O 1 vol H2O at
solves V vols CO reduced to 0° and 76

dis-

(Buusen's Gasometiy, pp 287, 128, ] 6 )

Coefficient of absorption = 0 032874
0 00081632t+0 OQ001642U (Bunsei
Pauh, A 93 16)

and

Solubility of CO mHjO
8 = Vol CO absorbed by 1 vol H ( at i

partial piebbiuo of 760 mm
0i=Vol CO (udiufd to 0° ind 7(>( run)

absoibed by 1 vol of H O under t tot pros

sure of 760 mm

g=g CO dissolved bv 100 k H(

total pressure ejf 760 mm

it i

t

P

0'

0

o or>*7

0 OTild

0 < >44

r>

0 <H14<)

0 Oil 22

0 i H<)

10

0 (USK)

0 027S2

0 ' >*>

lr>

0 (Ur>4*

0 ()2r>()l

0 Kl

20

0 021W

0 ()22o(>

0 >2S

2r>

0 02142

0 ()207()

0 )2(>

W

0 01WS

0 01()lr)

0 )24

40

0 ()177r)

0 ()1(>47

0 )21

r>()

0 01()lr>

0 01420

0 )1S

(>()

0 014SS

0 ()11<)7

0 )lr)

70

0 01440

0 ()()(><)S

0 )H

SO

0 014 iO

0 ()()7o2

0 )10

90

0 01420

0 004 is

0 )()(>

100

0 01410

0 OOO(M)

0 MM)

(\\mklu, H 1901,34 1416)

CARBON OXIDE

159

Solubility in H2O at various pressures
V= Volume of the absorbing liquid
P = Hg pressure in metres
X = Coefficient of solubility

V

t°

p

X

30 830 ccm

17 7

0 9202

0 02791

1 1438

0 02787

1 4624

0 02786

1 7986

0 02783

2 3659

0 02782

2 8390

0 02776

3 2622

0 02771

4 0114

0 02770

4 6017

0 02763

5 1953

0 02761

5 8717

0 02756

6 5462

0 02744

7 0983

0 02738

7 6470

0 02723

8 0184

0 02715

31 939 ccm

19 0

0 9176

0 02716

1 1506

0 02717

1 3897

0 02715

1 7044

0 02712

2 1239

0 02708

2 7173

0 02701

3 2576

0 02693

3 9311

0 02689

4 4584

0 02680

5 2470

0 02673

6 0346

0 02665

6 6303

0 02654

7 1842

0 02636

7 9542

0 02617

(Cvssuto, Phys Zeit 1904,5 236)

Coefficient of aJb&oiption of CO in H2O at
2r)° eqinls 00154 (imdlav and Creighton,
Biochcm J 1911, 5 294 )
|b Cupious chloride in in hydrochloric acid or
immomic il solution, and ammomacal solu-
tions of nij >i ous kaltb ibsorb laige unounts
of CO (Iibluu, C R 30 488)

Cupicuis c hloiido dissolved in HCl-h ^q ib-
soibs 15-20 vols CO (Boitholot, A ch (3)
51 (>b)

Absoibcd by KOH, NaOH, Ba(OH) and
( i(OH) -f Vq moic n id ily by other, ilcohol,
ind wood spnit with formation of foiinio
Kid (Bdthdot, A ch (3) 61 463)

Sol in HCN (Bottmgn, B 10 1122)

1 vol ilcohol ibsoibs 02044 J vols CO
gis it ill tunpd it in os between 0° ind 2
(( inns, V 94 13r))

KM) vol ilmhol (0 SI sp j,r) ihhsoKt It > \ols ( O
it IS HID \<>N ruhfitd naphtha (0 7M ip «r ) 200
vols CO it IS 100 \ol oil of lavender (0 SS sp K> )
1 > h vol CO it IS 100 vols ohv< oil (0 ()1 j sp t,r )
U ~ vol CO at IS 100 vols Hat KCl+\q (1 U»S
p M:) 2 vols OOatlS (do Saussun 1814)

1 vol oil ot tiirp«ntui< ibsorbs 016-020 vol CO
(d( Sun UK )

Sol iMtthcr (Uc^nuiilt)

fnsol in (Aoutchmt

Solubility in alcohol+Aq
% alcohol

by weight
Solubility
% alcohol

by weight

000 909

241 187

2857 3333

Solubility 150 194

1667
175

5000
320

23 OS

168

(Lubarsch, W Ann 1889, 37 524 )
Solubility of CO in organic solvents

Solvent

Glycerine

Water

Aniline

Carbon bisulphide

Nitrobenzene

Benzene

rlacial acetic acid
Amyl alcohol
Xylene
Toluene
Ethyl alcohol

(99 8%)
Chloroform
Methyl alcohol
Amyl acetate
Acetone

Isobutyl acetate
Ethyl acetate

20° C

at

Not

measurable
0 02404
0 05358
0 08314
0 09366
0 1707
0 1714
0 1714
0 1781
0 1808

0 1921
0 1954
0 1955
0 2140
0 2225
0 2365
0 2516

Solubility at
25° C

0 02586
0 05055
0 08112
0 09105
0 1645
0 1689
0 1706
0 1744
0 1742

C 1901
0 1897
0 1830
0 2108
0 2128
0 2314
0 2419

(Just, Z phys Ch 1901, 37 361 )
in ether at 0° = 0 3618,
(Chustoff, Z phys Ch

Solubility of CO in ether at 0° = 0 3618, and
at 10° = 03842 frn^.of^ff tf r-o^ n»,

1912, 79 459 )
Solubility of CO in oigamc mixtures
CO in benzene and naphthalene at 25°C

Percent by weight Per cent by weight * foolubiht\ of
of naphthalene of benzene CO

0

11 52
11 65
23 9S
23 60
32 35

32 74

33 70

100
88 48
88 35
76 02
7b 40
07 65
(>7 2(>
66 21

0 174
0 164
0 163
0 149
0 148
0 142
0 143
0 141

(Skiiiow, / phjb Ch 1<)02 41 144)
•• Sf i under Oxygen
CO in btn/cm ind phuiiiithmu at 25° C

P< i < < nt In w< i^hl I c i ( ( Ml b\ we i
of ph< nunthn in of

0

H) 4S
1C) 4S
19 22
18 99
27 04
27 39

100
S9 52
S9 52

50 7S

51 01
72 %

Solubihtv of
CO

0 174
0 144
0 144
0 132
0 133
0 12S
0 127

(Skinow )

160

CARBON OXIDE

CO in benzene and a naphthol at 25° C

CO in toluene and naphthalene at 2£ C

Per cent by weigh
of a naphthol

Per cent by weight
of benzene

Solubility of
CO

Per cent by weight
of naphthalene

Per cent by weight
of toluene

Solubih of
CC

0
3 48
6 75
6 59
12 10
11 81

100
96 52
93 25
93 41

87 90
88 19

0 174
0 149
0 145
0 144
0 139
0 139

0

7 13
7 10
15 10
15 13
22 75
22 58

100
92 87
92 9

84 9

84 87
77 25
77 42

£ 11
0 11
0 1
0 11
0 11
0 I1
0 1'

(Skirrow )
CO in benzene and £-naphthol at 25° C

(Skirrow )
CO in toluene and phenanthrene at 2 C

Per cent by weight
of 0 naphthol

Per cent by weight
of benzene

Solubility of

Per cent by weight
of phenanthrene

Per cent by weight
of toluene

Solubih of
CC

0
2 06

4 14
4 36

100
97 94
95 86
95 64

0 174
0 158
0 151
0 149

0
5 50
5 58
11 16
11 20
21 62
21 93

100
94 41
94 42

88 84
88 8
78 38
78 07

0 1
0 1 '
0 1
0 11
0 li
0 1
0 1

(Skirrow )
CO in benzene and nitrobenzene at 25° C

(Skirrow )
CO in toluene and nitrobenzene at 2f C

Per cent by weight
of nitrobenzene

Per cent bj weight
of benzene

Solubility of
CO

Per cent by weight
of nitrobenzene

Per cent by weight
of toluene

bolubili of
C(

0
14 5
14 12
28 18
28 14
40 58
40 63
54 9
54 9
83 33
83 2
100

100
85 5
85 88
71 82
71 86
59 42
59 37
45 1
45 1
16 67
16 8
0

0 174
0 162
0 162
0 152
0 152
0 140
0 140
0 126
0 127
0 101
0 102
0 093

0
8 86
8 87
18 27
18 19
26 82
26 7b
49 14
49 02
76 31
76 31
100

100
91 14
91 13
81 73
81 81
73 18
73 24
50 86
50 98
23 69
23 69
0

0 1
0 li
0 11
0 H
0 H
0 1
0 1
0 1
0 1
0 li
0 li
0 (>

(Skirrow )
CO in benzene and aniline at 25° C

(Skinow )
CO in toluc IK ind uiilim it 25° C

1 tr tent b\ weight
of am line

Perec ntb\ ueifcht
of benztno

Solubility of
CO

Per

vu ight

( IU

s, luhili ot
C <

0
12 69
12 03
19 57
19 43
28 43
28 26
o7 68
57 38
78 90
78 80
100

100
87 31
S7 97
80 43
80 57
71 57
71 74
42 32
42 62
21 10
21 20
0

0 174
0 156
0 158
0 145
0 144
0 131
0 131
0 0945
0 0953
0 0689
0 0684
0 053

0
6 61
6 61
13 56
13 55
19 91
19 %
44 64
44 31
74 63
75 03
100

100
<)3 W
()3 iO
Sf> 44
S(> 45
SO <)<)
SO 04
55 i(>
55 ()<)
25 37
24 97
0

0 1
0 1 >
0 H
0 1
0 1
0 1
0 1
0 1
0 I
0 0 S
0 0 3
0 0

(bkirrow )

(Skiriow )

CARBON OXIDE

161

CO m toluene and a-naphthol at 25° C

CO in acetic acid and nitrobenzene at 25° C

Percent by weight
of a naphthol

Per cent by weight Solubility of
of toluene CO

Per cent by weight Per cent by weight „ , , , . « nr,
of mtrobenzen¥ of acetic acid Solubihtj of CO

0

4 46
4 44
8 75
8 89

100 0 182
95 54 0 171
95 56 0 171
91 25 0 162
91 11 0 163

0 100 0 173
21 65 78 35 0 156
51 03 48 97 0 130
100 0 0 093

(Skirrow )
CO in acefcic acid and aniline at 25° C

(Skirrow )
CO in acetone and naphthalene at 25° C

Per cent b> weight Per cent by weight «.,„,, lf „ nf oo
of aniline of acetic acid Solubility of CO

Per cent bj
weight of
naphthalene

Per cent by
weight of
acetone

Measured
vapor
pressure

Solubility
of CO

0 100 0 173
13 5 86 5 0 110
41 64 58 36 0 0699
60 77 39 23 0 0618
82 21 17 79 0 0580
100 0 0 053

0
13 31
27 40

100
86 69
72 60

229 6
212 4
196 6

0 238
0 199
0 187

(Skirrow )
CO in acetone and phenanthrene at 25°C

(Skirrow )
CO in methyl alcohol and glycerine at 25°C

Per cent by
weight of
glycerine

Per cent by
weight of
methyl
alcohol

Measured
vapor
pressure

Solubility
of CO

Percent by
weight of
phenanthrene

Percent by
weight of
acetone

Measured
vapor
pressure

Solubility
of CO

0
12 77
25 04

100
87 23
74 96

229 6
218
207 5

0 238
0 205
0 183

0
39 6
60 5
77 1
100

100
604
39 5
22 9
0

122
106
91
63

0 196
0 0964:
0 0515
0 0246
very sma.ll

(Skimw )
CO in acetone and £-naphthol at 25° C

(Skirrow
CO in acetone and chloroform at 25° C

Per cent by
weight of
3 naphthol

Per cent by
•weight of
acetone

Measured
vapor
pressure

Solubility
of CO

Per cent by
weight of
chloroform

Per cent by
weight of
acetone

Measured
vapor
pressure

Solubility
of CO

0
15 05

2f> S8

100
S6 05
73 12

229 6
213
195

0 238
0 190
0 169

0
33 38
53 2
65 03
73 46
79 83
87 3
94 4
100

100
66 62
46 8
34 97
26 54
20 17
12 7
5 6
0

229 6
202
179
167
162
163
168
178
188

0 238
0 226
0 219
0 220
0 212
0 204
0 207
0 205
0 207

(Skirrow )
CO in d< ( tone incl mtiob< n/ene at 25° C

I er cent by
wtifcht of
nit robe ri/cnf

1 (

V

r cent by
vcifeht of
acetone

M easured
vapor
pressure

Solubility
of CO

0

21 ~>0

» 20
100

100

7S 4
1(> S
0

220 ()
201

152

0 23S
0 207
0 157
0 003

(Skirrow )
CO in acetone and carbon bisulphide at 25° C

Per cent by
weight of
carbon
bisulphide

P< r cent by
u eight of
acetone

Measured
vapor
pressure

bolubihty
of CO

(Skniow )
C O in ic( tone md aniline at 25° C

0
8 18
18 02
49 46
62 6
74 05
85 51
96 42
100

100
91 82
81 98
50 54
37 4
25 95
14 49
3 58
0

229 6
306
367
443
457
457
433
382
356

0 238
0 236
0 236
0 227
0 210
0 187
0 144
0 114
0 0959

! ( r edit b\
weight of
nmlme

1 tr ant by
weight of
HI ttonc

M< us u red
vapor
pressure

Solubihtj
of CO

0
20 83
55 10
100

100
79 17
44 9
0

229 6
102
120

0 238
0 179
0 110
0 053

(Skirrow )

(Skirrow )

160
C(

Perce
of c

162

CARBON OXIDE

Per
of

CO in benzene and ethyl alcohol at 25° C

CO

m carbon bisulphide and
chloride at 25° (

%lene d

Solubility

of CO

0 147
0 159
0 160
0 140
0083

Per cent by
weight of
acetic acid

0
1543
52 34
100

Per cent by
weight of
chloroform

Measured
vapor
pressure

Solubihtj
of CO

Por cent by !*or c < nt b\
volume of volume of
carbon Uhvlcm
bisulphide duhlorittf

M< asurc
\ npor

100
84 56
4766
0

95 9
125
119
59

0 174
0 179
0 181
0 102

0 100
25 75
49 51
81 6 IS 4
100 0

77
231
294
338
356 5

(Siirrow )
COln chloroform and methyl alcohol at 25° C

(Skir

Coefficient of absoi
0 123 at 20°, and 0 1
and Wslhstj Zeit phy

Carbon dioxide, CO
G'as —

H O diSHoh < s uboul Us o
tempi rut tin l,th< solution <
gr j and pn HHUH und an ad
of < iu ii addition U utmosplu
rhcpoiurof II OtonW
pruistK th< saini ratio as
> \ols C O dissoh< m 1 v<
and mii< h «n «ti r pn ssun
en LM< tin amount ot KH <
atmospfu n s th< imotint of
proportion il to th« pn ssur
121 )
101) \ols II Oat 1 » "S a
dish) it J) H SI \o] (

TO\\ )

ption for etroleum
s Ch 1 / ) leWas

wn \ol CO the ordinafi
>tum<d )ui of 10018 sp
iitionulvol thepreesuri
rj to \vhuh is subjected

>1 II O nt 7 o IDS pressure
is in < i ssarv order to in
issol\< 1 hu ip to 4 or
Kis.jisMoKu ivory nearly
'< »urbi Pharm 26

Mojb IK, \0J ^OjfCaven
> (Hum 1,<50° iflfl
>» los \ols Da (Henrj)
iltoni

rl \ \ »ls CO gas
n {0 MI pn urc

< V "

Per cent by
weight of
alcohol

Per cent by
weight of
chloroform

Measured
vapor
pressure

Solubihtj
of CO

0
13
100

100
87
0

188
233
122

0 207
0 202
0 196

(Skirrow )
CO in acetic acid and benzene at 25° C

Percent by
weight of
acetic acid

Percent M
weight of
benzene

Measured
vapor
pressure

Soluhihtx
of CO

0
19 17
33 54
67 51
100

100
80 83
66 46
32 49
0

95 9

87 5
82
64 5
14

0 174
0 190
0 1%
0 199
0 173

at 1 >» 10 ) \ 1 ( I) H>

100 \ 1 H d i f ( i
n IIKI i t M) I t

t \

d ~ -_
(1 llll
lo . fc-
1 ' no n
11 s si

(Skirrow )
CO m acetic acid and toluene at 25° C

s
i i
loo

os no

>7 ,0

11 10
tract

(I i. i \IM I s , ( ) G 1 )

I \ 1 II o ii il H i , W|,n i,, thaulvol
( n it lo u i \ 1 ii nil | Inkier temp
< <M \ i it it In 1 001 IK „ (,f tin CO
<^ il 'M ' M UK- ih IIKI n Iu air the
in n |in 1 l\ fl ul r i! i Mi( , t|| , jJut is CO
iinini h tl i n tin 1 i ii r 1 i ( \ held so
th it 1 ill' > 1 ' 1 u i n u \ i \txl it com
.III 1 t n in

Solubilit\ of ( () in II o 1 vo HO att°
ind 7(>0 inn <lissol\<s \ \o CO gas
11 <liK < d t<> 0 Liid 7b() nun

Per cent by
weight of
acetic acid

Per cent bv
weight of
toluene

Measured
\apor
prossuro

"fV<> x

0

20 48
56 89
74 71
100

100
79 52
43 11
25 29
0

9

31 G
28
25 0
14

0 1S2
0 190
0 193
0 191
0 172

(Skirrow )
CO m acetic acid and chloioform at 2">° C

0

1
j

r>
(>

\ i

1 7()i>7 7 1
1 7J07 S
1 ()ISI «> 1
1 >7s7 10 1
1 )lJh 11

1 i^Ol 1 »

\

i ' ><) 1

JSOO 1
Jill 1
1S17 1

UK) i

101S 1

\44

1 0321
1 0020
0 9753
09519
0 9318
09150
0 9014

>8, 152)
-00776U

Per cent by
weight of
acetic acid

Per cent b\
weight of
chloroform

M< usur< d
\apjr
prossun

S( luhiht \
of < 0

0
26 6/
56 46
100

100
73 33
43 54
0

188
144 5
88 5
14

0 206
0 207
0 19b
0 172

( Buns* nS d isoiiH (r\

CoffHc K nt of ihsoipt
+000101211 (Buiwt

, pp 2S7,

(Skirrow )

LOIl — 1 /96

tl)

CARBON OXIDE

163

Solubility m H2O at various pressures P =
pressure in atmospheres

\ ol gas in 1 ccm

Vol gas in 1 ccm

p

HO

p

HO

at 0

at 12 43°

at 0°

at 12 43°

1

1 797

1 086

20

26 65

17 11

5

8 65

5 15

25

30 55

20 31

10

16 03

9 65

30

33 74

23 35

15

21 95

13 63

-

(Wroblewski, C R 94 1355 )

Absorption of CO2 m H20 at various pres-
sures P= pressure in mm , V=vols C02,
reduced to 0° and 760° mm , absorbed by
Ivol HoO

Solubility in H20 at 25° =0 8255, at 15° =
1 070 (Geffcken, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 273 )

75 cc H20 absorb 0 1381 g CO2 at 15 5°
and 720 mm (Christoff, Z phys Ch 1905,
53 329)

Absorption-coefficient of C02 in EUO at
20° -0877, or 1000 g H2O dissolve 878 cc
CO (Usher, Chem Soc 1910, 97 72 )

Solubility of CO in H20 = 1 158 at 12° and
0825 at 25° (Fmdlay and Shenn, Chem
Soc 1911, 99 1315 )

Absorption of C02 by H2O at high pressure
Amount of H2O used! ^ = 0 102 ccm
V^ccm of CO2 absorbed by H2O at t°, re-

p

V

P V

aucea 10 a pressure 01 i Kg per sq cm
Vi = ccm of COo absoibed by 1 ccm of H2O

697 71
809 03
1289 41
1469 95
2002 06

0 9441
1 1619
1 8647
2 1623
2 9067

2188 65 3 1764
2369 02 3 4857
2554 CO 3 7152
2738 33 4 0031
3109 51 4 5006

Pressure
kg/sq cm

t°

Vi

a

b

25
30
40
50
55

20°

17 77
19 77
21 52
28 09
29 75

(Khamko
C-coe

¥ and Longuimne, A ch (4) 11
412)

Encient of absorption in H20 at t°
and 760 mm

30
40
50
60
70
SO

35°

11 77
14 82
IS 96
22 90
27 IS

13 57
20 00
24 64
22 50
27 62
32 85

t° c t°

c

t° C

15 2 1 OOQ 18 38
17 6 0 930 18 3

0 8Q6

0 885

21 0 838
23 0 798

(betschenow, M6m Acad St Petersb 22

Nos 6, 7 )

Absoiption coefficient of CO2 in H20 at 0°
= 1 7308 (Pry tz and Hoist, W Ann 1895,
54 136)

Absoiption of COo by H2O at t°
a = coefficient of absorption

40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120

60°

10 SS
12 2-4
14 46
16 80
19 74
22 74
26 21
28 92
30 20

9 79S
13 72
lo 2b
17 46
22 67
21 16
27 85
28 79
33 90

t°

a

t°

a

0
1

2
3
4
5
6
7
s

10

11

12
14
14
15
16
17
18

I 714
1 646
1 581
1 527
1 474
1 424
1 377
1 441
1 282

194
154
117
084
050
019
0 985
0 956
0 928

19
20
21
22
24
24
25
26
27
28
29
40
35
40
45
50
55
60

0 902
0 878
0 854
0 829
0 S04
0 781
0 759
0 738
0 718
0 699
0 682
0 665
0 592
0 540
0 479
0 446
0 394
0 459

70
SO
90
100
110
120
140
140
150
160
170

100°

8 965
10 11
11 ()i
12 64
1 :> ())
14 SS
16 40
17 <M

20 )S
22 07

22 7S

6 39)
9 591
10 85
12 40
16 A
15 7S
16 8()
17 71
17 4<)

(Simla, / ph\ Ch 1<)12, 78 »7 )

(Bohr,iW Ann 1899, 68 504 )

164

CARBON OXIDE

Solubility of carbon dioxide in water at 25*

P -Pressure in mm Hg

S -Solubility calculated according to for-
mula for which see the original article

coefficient of absorption is 0857
schenow, J B 1876 4£ )

Absorption of C02 by H2S04+Aq

Sfcet-

p

S

P

S

Solution

Grams COa absorbed bj > cc
at 15 5° and 720 run

743
752
800
841
955
955

0 816
0 817
0 815
0 817
0 816
0 817

1059
1064
1153
1243
1351
1351

0 817
0 819
0 818
0 819
0 820
0 820

Ji-N H2SO4
1-N H2SO4
2-N H2S04
4-N H2SO4

0 1273
0 1179
0 1092
0 1003

(Christoff, Z phys Ch 1905, 53 32< )

(Findlay and Creighton, Chem Soc 1910, 97
538)

Solubility of carbon dioxide in water at 25°
P -Pressure in mm Hg
S = Solubility See above

Solution

Grams CO 2 absorbed by > oc
at 15 5° and 720 mir

25% H2SO<
5%
10%
20%
30%
40%
45%
70%
90%

0 1282
0 1179
0 0833
0 0755
0 0751
0 0713
0 0725
0 0918
0 1433

p

s

P

s

755
759
836
841
927
934

0 826
0 825
0 825
0 826
0 826
0 824

1069
1084
1210
1211
1350
1350

0 823

0 825
0 825
0 825
0 824
0 826

(Christoff, I c )

(Findlay and Creighton, Chem Soc 1912,
101 1460)

Coefficient of absorption for 96

Solubility of carbon dioxide in water at 25°
P= Pressure in mm Hg
S= Solubility See above

0 926 at 20 2° (Bohr, Z phys Ch 19]
48)

Absorption of CO? by acids
M- Content in gram-equivalents pe]
S = Solubility (see under oxygen)
Absorption of C02 by HN08+Aq

P

s

P

to

263
271
382
392

479

0 817
0 816
0 814
0 811
0 816

495
651
667
752

768

0 816
0 816
0 817
0 818
0 817

M

s

s,.

0 472
0 475
0 557
0 704
1 382
1 3S7
1 860
2 519
2 539

0 8382
0 8366
0 8387
0 8447
0 8620
0 8622
0 8752
0 8S39
0 8865

1 07
1 07

i oe

1 OS
1 Oc
1 0€
1 1C
1 1C

1 11

(Findlay and Creighton, Chem Soc 1913,
103 638)

bl sol in HCl+Aq

itei

(de Saussure )

HjSO* of ordinary densitv it l^> ><> iml common
pressure absorbs 94% of its \ol of C () fuming H bO«
]25% the absorption for puze H^O nnd*r the same
conditionsbeinfc98% (Ro^trs Am J Su (2)5 115)

H2SO4 absorbs 7-10% ( 0 (Hlasiwetz,
W A B 20 193)

Coefficient of absorption by cone HaS04 =
0 932, which is the same as that by H^O, but
this diminishes on diluting, and is at its lowest
limit 0 666, when the composition of the
solution is H2SO4, H20, upon further dilution
the coefficient of solubility gradually increases,
and \\hen 58 H20 are present to 1 H2SO<, the

(Geffcken, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 27 )

Absorption of CO byHCl+Vq

M

^ !>

*M

0 499
0 511
1 212
1 249
2 080
2 180

0 8047
0 8074
0 7973
0 7984
0 7951
0 7951

1 04
1 04
1 02
1 05
0 98
1 OC

(Geffcken )

CARBON OXIDE

165

A K 4. * r*r\ u H2S04

absorptiometnc equivalents are identical with
the chemical equivalents (Setschenow, B

6 1461 )

M S2 St °

Salts can be divided into two classes, ac-

0 512 0 7923 1 016

cording as CO2 has chemical action on the
salt or not In the first case, i e , when there

0 517 0 7936 1 016

is chemical combination or action of C02 on

0 995 0 7693 0 9772

the salt m solution, the amount of C02 ab-

1 039 0 7685 0 9775
1 067 0 7672 0 9756
1 956 0 7302 0 9175

sorbed increases with increasing concentra-
tion of the solution, in the second case, how-
ever, the amount of CO2 decreases with the

2 088 0 7273 0 9143
3 790 0 6736 0 8354
3 800 0 6747 0 8385

strength of the solution Several salts can
be arranged in a series as regards their power
of absorption, beginning with that which

( Geffcken )

In collecting COi gas in pneumatic operations a
saturated solution of common salt is better than HsO

has the greatest, as follows Na2COs, Na2B4O?,
Na2HP04, NaC2H8O2, Na3C6H6O7, Na2C204,
NaC8HB03, MNO8, MCI, M2S04 The divi-
sion between the two classes occurs in this

for filling the trough This solution will only absorb
about Vs of the amount of COa absorbed by pure HaO
(de Saussure I c )

series at Na2C204
The matter is discussed at length in the

100 \ ols of the following solutions at 18° and ordi
narv pressure absorb vols CO 2 —

original papers (Setschenow, M£moires
Acad St Petersb 22 No 8 Also further,

Vols

Setschenow, ib 34 No 3, and 35 No 7

Sp gr CO
Sat NaCl+Aq (containing 29% of NaCl) 1 212 32 9
Sat NEUCl +Aq (containing 27 53% of

See also Ostwald, AUgememe Chemie, 2**
Aufl vol 1, p 629 )

NEUCl) 1 078 75

Sat KC1 + \q (containing 26% of KC1) 1168 61
feat CaCl +\q (containing 402% of
CaCla) 1 402 26 I

Solubility of C02 in salts +Aq at 15 2°
C02 = cc CO2 (at 0° and 760 mm ) dissolved

Sat KiSO^+Aq (containing 942% of
K2SO4) 1 077 62

per cc of salt solution

Sat Na bC>4 + \q (containing 11 14% of
NaJSOfl) 1 105 58

Salt

g salt per 1

CO

feat K.Al2(bO4) 4 +Aq (containing 9 14%
of K 4.1 (feO4)4-f24H 0) 1 047 70

NH4C1

1

1 005

Sat KNOs+Aq (containing 206% of

a

10

0 985

KNOr> 1 139 57
Sat NaNOj + \q (containing 264% of

tt

51 6

0 941

NaNO,) 1 206 4o

t{

172

0 819

Sit H3C4H4O(,4-Aq (containing 53 37%

tt

258

0 770

of H^C4H4Oo 1 288 41
(ck s uissure Gilbert s Ann Phvs 47 167 )

NH4NO3

2 8
11 2

1 013
1 002

About half as sol in NaCl+Aq (15%

tt

55
101

0 989
0 Q62

NaCl) \b in H/)

tt

JLU J.

orio i

\J O\J£i

OQ1 1

Miuh moie sol in Na2HPO4+Aq 01

t

~i\J£ JL
404 ^

yi i
OQO7

Na,2COiH-\q thin m H/), the quantity dis-
solvocl mcicismg with the amount of salt in
the solut ion 1 he solubility in these solutions
depends on the coefficient of solubility in H 0
plus the product of a constant coefficient
multiplied by tlu unount of salt in the solu

tt
(NH*) S04

Ba(NO3)
Ca(NO3)

810 4

72 2
144 4
62 7
41

cyJi

0 612
0 712
0 575
0 922
0 923
1 035

tion, this const int * i i n ^0 for Na2HPO4,

u

K( \ i r

0 SOS

and 0 OSS toi N i ( i 1 • , A ch (i) 47

u

j\) 1O

12o 4

0 59b

l(in<ts tlct( niuri itions in not accui it<

t

It

2r)0 S

K/"VI rt

0 497
01 ~)i\

(I Mc\(i, A Suppl 2 157)

M ^i\

l«jVJ

OQm

I inol NijHPOi m dil Na HPO4+Aq

tt

t!i\) )

7O f\

7\r L
0 (\f\C\

absoibb J mols CO (Setschenow)

t(

it )

v)\) "
04. 11

Solutions of silts of similar constitution in

it

^

t"! L

0 1 SS

equivalent in regaid to their power of absoip-
tion oi CO , when they contain the same pei-

KBi

tt

1T\7 7

0 90S

OC1Q

cuitagc ot ciystal water Experiments were

(

JLl) / /

jl /

made \vith solutions of alum, MgS04, 7H O,

tl

Kf) ^ 1

0 57()

11 id ZnSO4, 7H2O, containing 10% of the
siltb Ihe MgSO4 solution absorbed the

M

31C) 1
4.7V. h

0 777
0 bS<S

gieatesst proportional amount of CO 2) and

u

t t T \t

OKH(^

the alum the least Ihe further rule was de-

KW V

4>f

yvJ\)

n ftQi

duced that with salts of sirmlai constitution

IXOV^j.N

4SIQ

U Ut7 J.

0 590

uid the same xmount of crystal water, the

r±Ov

166

CARBON OXIDE

Solubility of CO* in salts -f-Aq at 15 2°—Cont

Absorption of C02 by CsCl+ \q
M = Content in g equiv perl
S= Solubility (See under Oxygen )

Salt

g salt per 1

CO

KSCN

KNO3

u

tt

NaCl

u

tt

u

NaBr

a

u

NaNO3

u
It
tt
tt

NaClOg

u
It

Na2SO4

u
It

ZnS04

(i

tc
tt

978
58 8
117 5
235 1
12 9
64
128
192
115 1
460 3
690 4
89 3
125
208 4
416 8
625 2
233 3
349 9
699 8
14 2
94 8
284 4
38 3
76 7
230
460

0 387
0 959
0 890
0 781
0 978
0 760
0 580
0 466
0 775
0 364
0 221
0 835
0 762
0 621
0 385
0 244
0 625
0 506
0 257
0 950
0 620
0 234
0 903
0 783
0 474
0 209

M

S25°

S15°

0 552
0 554

0 7771
0 7769

1 001
0 999

(Geffcken, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 273
Absorption of CO2 by KN03-f-Aq

M

S26°

bi6°

0 536
0 537
1 022
1 033

0 7832
0 7818
0 7452
0 7447

1 002
0 999
0 943'
0 942

(Geffcken )
Absorption of C02 by Kl-h Aq

M

S26

bi°

0 559
0 573
1 043
1 119

0 7678
0 7676
0 7236
0 7166

0 980
0 9831
0 914
0 9091

(Setschenow, A ch 1892, (6) 25 226 )

C02 is not disengaged at ordinary temp
from H2O, m which Viroo pt of CaC03 or
MgC08 is held in solution thereby These
solutions have a great power of retaining C02
even at a boiling temp or with diminished
pressure, and they also absorb CO2 from the
air in much larger quantity than pure H20
(Bmeau )

BaCOa in H20 also retains C02 even after
long boiling (Storer )

C02 is also absorbed from the air by
Na2Q03, or K2CO3-f Aq, especially if dilute
Absorption of C02 by NaCl+Aq at t°

a = Coefficient of absorption for a 652%
NaCl solution

«•! — v-/ucuuui.t;iJLi ui ausurpuou lur u i/ UA/Q
NaCl solution

M

S2

M

t°

a

at

0 550
0 565
1 056
1 064

0 7621
0 7619
0 7030
0 70b8

0 978,
0 9766
0 910C
0 90be

0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
oO
o5
60

1 234
1 024
0 S75
0 755
0 664
0 583
0 o!7
0 4GO
0 414
0 370
0 335
0 305

0 678
0 577
0 503
0 442
0 393
0 352
0 319
0 288
0 263
0 235
0 215
0 198
0 183

(Geffcken )
Vbsoiption of C<>2 by K( 1-f-Aq

M

s

N

0 423
0 432
1 045
1 058

0 7695
0 7667
0 69,20
0 6961

0 %92
0 9865
0 8875
0 S910

(Bohi, W Ann 1899,68 504)

(Geffcken )

(Geffcken )

Absorption of CO2 by RbCl-j- \q

M

fe>25

"•»!

0 479
0 481
1 007
1 012

0 7705
0 7698
0 7190
0 7157

0 990*
0 99K
0 921C
0 Q20C

(Geffcken )

Absoiption of C O by KBi -f \(\

CARBON OXIDE

167

Absorption of CO 2 by salts -f Aq

Solubility of C02 m NH4Cl+Aq at 25°
Concentration (C) denotes number of
grams of solute in 100 cc of solution
Density (D) equals the specific gravity of
the solution
Solubility (S) calculated by formula given
m the original article

Salt

Grams COz absorbed by 75
cc of salt solution at 15 5°
and 720 mm

1-N KBr
1-N KN03
1-N KC1

0 1280
0 1231
0 1213
0 1204
0 1087
0 1050
0 1093

0 0991
0 1002

0 1054
0 1140
0 1209
0 1047
0 0656
0 0527
0 0751
0 0720
0 1017
0 0999
0 0808
0 0852
0 1111
0 4989
0 2205
0 5317
0 8511
0 8124
0 7672
0 5828
0 8457
0 2081
0 2618

1-NKI
1-N LiCl
1-N NaCl
1-N (NH4)2S04
1-N (NH4)2S04,
Fe2SO4)3-h24H20
1-N K2S04
1-N K2S04,
Al2(SO4)3-f24HoO
Vr-N K2S04
V -N MgS04
1-N MgSO4

C

D

S

2 35
5 05

8 24
10 02
17 09

1 005
1 013
1 022
1 027
1 045

0 791
0 754
0 732
0 712
0 665

(Findlay and Shenn, Chem
Soc 1912, 101 1461 )

Solubility of C02 m KCl+Aq at 25°

2-N MgSO4
4-N MgSO4
2*N CuSO4
2-N ZnS04
Vr-N KHSOs
2-N KHS04
1-N KH2As04
1-N KH2P04
Vr-N K2HAsO,
Wr-N K2HPO4
V40-N Na2B407
Vr-N Na2B407
i/r-N Na2B407
i/4-N NaB03
Vr-N NH4HB2O4
N-Na2PO4+12H2O
N-Na4P207+10H2O
N-NaPOs
N-KP03

C

D

S

1 84
3 05

4 58
7 46

1 008
1 017
1 026
1 044

0 792
0 764
0 749
0 701

(Findlay and Shenn )
Solubility of C02 in BaCl2+Aq at 25°

C

D

S

2 80
5 81
8 15
9 97

1 018
1 040
1 054
1 070

0 789
0 741
0 710
0 676

(Findlay and Shenn )

Solubility of CO m (NH4) Fe(SO4)2+Aq at
25°

(Chnstoff, Z phys Ch 1905, 63 338-340 )

Solubility ot CO m KCl+Aq at 25°
Coiuditi it ion, 7 45 g in 100 cc of solu-
tion, sp gi = 1 043

PMSSIIH 7r>() S50 <)5* 11 1() 1240 1362
Solubility 0 ()()4 0 (><H 0 688 0 700 0 700 0 710

( oii(( nli ihou r> £ in 100 (o of solution,
sp M = 1 <>*!

PHSSUU 7r>() S32 001 l()r)() llr)0 1224
Solubility 07*1 07270724 0 726 0 7T> 0 7«>

C OIK ( uti ilion, 2 r>() k in !()()<( ol solution,
sp <j - 1 OK)

C

D

S

9 51
10 26
22 47

1 052
1 057
1 124

0 641
0 629
0 460

(Fmdl ly mcl Shenn )

Solubility of CO2 in solutions of suciose at
25°

C

D

b

2 M

5 16
0 6S
12 Ji

1 000
1 01S
1 <HS
1 051

0 813
0 798
0 757
0 744

(lindlay ind Shenn )

Solubility ol CO in solutions of chloi il h>-

di it( it 25°

PKSSUK 7r)(> S52 <)81 1070 1100 H62
Solubility 0 7(>7 0 701 0 7()l 0 762 0 768 0 766
(Inulliy ind Cicighton, Chnn So( 1010,
97 557)

C

D

"5

5 OS
10 12

1 010
1 041

0 815
0 795

( 1 mdlay ind Shenn )

168

C4.RBON OXIDE

100 vols alcohol (0 803 sp gr ) at 18° absorb 260
vols COs

100 vols alcohol (0 840 sp gr ) at 18° absorb 186

vols CO (de Saussure I c )

Solubility of C02 m alcohol 1 vol alcohol
at t° and 760 mm dissolves V vols CO2
gas reduced to 0° and 760 mm

t°

V

t°

V

t

V

0

4 3295

9

3 5844

18

3 0402

1

4 2368

10

3 5140

19

2 9921

2

4 1466

11

3 4461

20

2 9465

3

4 0589

12

3 3807

21

2 9034

4

3 9736

13

3 3178

22

2 8628

5

3 8908

14

3 2573

23

2 8247

6

3 8105

15

3 1993

24

2 7890

7

3 7327

16

3 1438

8

3 6573

17

3 0908

(Bunsen's Gasometry, pp 287, 128, 153 )

Coefficient of absorption =4 32955—
0 09395t +0 00124t2 (Bunsen )

Much less- sol in 30% alcohol than in pure
alcohol or pure EoO (Muller. W Ann 37
24)

Solubility of CO in 9°-% alcohol at t°

a = Coefficient of absorption, ^ e, the no
of ccra of C02 measured at 0° and 760 mm
which aie absorbed at the given temp and
at an absorption piessure of 760 mm by
1 ccm alcohol

<*!=! Coefficient of absorption corrected for
increase m the volume of the alcohol used due
to absorption of CO

t°

a

«i

0
—10
—20
—30
—40
—50
—60
—65
—67

4 35
5 43
7 25
9 97
14 25
21 28
31 25
39 89
44 07

4 31
5 38
7 16
9 79
13 89
20 49
29 59
37 22
40 83

(Bohr, W Ann 1900, (4) 1 253 )
Solubility in alcohol 4- Aq at t°

% by wt of
t° alcohol in the
solvent

Solubility of a . , . .
COsin fohibdit
alcohol +Aq CO* in ]

of
O

>

»

1
3
9
13

4 6 325
2 4 464
2 7 276
8 2 870

1 5864 1 69
1 4878 1 56
1 1829 1 22
1 0268 1 03

t°

a

«i

—65

38 41

35 93

—25

S 75

8 01

—20

7 51

7 41

—15

() 5<)

(> 51

—10

5 75

5 OM

'5

5 01

4 Oh

0

4 44

4 40

+5

3 9b

3 0>

10

3 57

3 55

15

3 25

3 23

20

2 9S

2 90

25

2 76

2 74

30

2 57

2 50

35

2 41

2 39

40

2 20

4 19

45

2 01

2 00

(Bohr, W Ann 1900, (4) 1 249 )

Solubility in 98 7% alcohol at t°

a. =3 Coefficient of absorption

ai= Coefficient of absorption corrects for
increase in volume of the alcohol used di to
absorption of CO*

(Langer, C C 1904, I, 1583 )

Solubility of C02 in ethyl alcohol at 2£
Concentration 2 95 g alcohol in 1CK cc
of solution Sp gr 25°/15° = 0 99308
Pressure 737 836 929 1073 1213 38
Solubility 0 812 0 813 0 812 0 811 0 813 0 11

Concentration 3 01 g alcohol m IOC cc
of solution Sp gr 25°/15° = 0 99295

Pressure 745 823 937 1083 1226 57

Solubility 0 814 0 812 0 815 0 813 0 812 0 12

Concentration 8 83 g alcohol m IOC c
of solution Sp gr 25715° -098342

Pressure 747 846 942 1090 1231 60

Solubility 0 786 0 786 0 784 0 785 0 780 0 SS

(tindlay and Shenn, Cheni Soc 1911. )9
1315)

Solubility of CO m oigaiuc solvents at n\

temperatures
Solvent Lthyl alcohol

1 rtssurt

Co< ffif i< nt of
absorpt ion

Solubility

100
200
400
700

111 8
115 7
123 8
138 6

68 4
69 5

71 4

74 7

CARBON OXIDE

169

Solubilit} of CO 2 in organic sohents at low
temperatures — Continued

Solubility of Co in organic solvents afc lo\\
temperatures — Continued

t =—59° sp gr =0 856

t _ — 59° sp gr =0 994

Pressure

Coefficient of
absorption

Solubility

Pressure

Coefficient of
absorption

Solubility

100
200
400
700

40 85
41 00
42 35
44 15

27 27
27 16

27 65
28 10

100
200
400
700

85 3
86 3
91 6
101 5

65 6
65 3

66 7
69 7

Solvent Methyl alcohol

Solvent Methyl acetate

t— - 78° Sp RT =0884

Pressure

Coefficient of
absorption

Solubilit}

t— 78° sp gr =1056

Pressure

Coefficient of
absorption

Solubility

50
100
200
400
500
740

194 0
195 0
202 9
221 5
226 4
260 0

120 5
119 6
120 1
122 2

126 8

50
100
200
400
650

304 9
315 0
337 4
389 3
498 1

224 1
224 3
223 1
225 6
231 2

t°=—59° sp gr =0866

t* — o9° sp gr =1 032

Pressure

Coefficient of
absorption

Solubility

Pressure

Coefficient of
absorption

Solubility

100
200
400
700

63 0
64 2
06 3
69 0

42 5
42 7
43 1
43 3

100
200
400
700

94 3
98 45
103 6

112 9

75 8
77 1
77 6
79 0

Solvent \cetone

(Stern, Z phys Ch 1912, 81 468 )

Solubility of C02 m ether at 0°=733, at
10° = 6 044, at 15° - 5 46 (Chnstoff, Z phys
Ch 1912 79 459)
Coefficient of absorption m chloroform is
0 20376 at 36 57 mm , and 4 43757 at 762 mm
pressure (Woukoloff, C R 109 62 )

100 -\ ols of following liquids absorb vols CO? at IS —
bp gr Vols CO
Ether 0 727 217
Rectified naphtha 0 784 109
Oil of turpentine 0 860 1G<>
Oil of lavender (freshh distilled) 0 SSO 191
Oil of thyme 0 800 186
Linseed oil 0 <)40 lo(>
Olive oil 0 <)1 > 1 >1
C um arable -HAq (containing 2o%
of the gum) 1 Of)2 7.
Cants sugar -J-^q (containing 2 y 0
ofmifcar) 1 104 72
(dc. Saussure / c )
1 vol oil of turpentine absorbs 1 7-1 () volh CO
(Suussun )
1 vol spirit at 10 absorbs 2 vols C (> (do Saussurt )
1 vol olive oil at 10 absorbs 1-Kol CO (dt Sam
sun )
1 \ol oil of turp<ntm< it 10 absorbs 2 \ols CO
(Bor^man )
1 \ol oaoutohino absorbs 11 \oln CO (Btrgrnan)

Coefficient of absorption foi petroleum is
1 17 at 20° and 1 31 at 10° (Gmewasz and
Walfisz, Zeit phys Ch 1 70 )
100 vols petroleum absorb 70 vols CO-> at
10° (Robmet, C R 68 608 )

t =— 7b° sp gr =0 900

Pressure*

Coefficient of
absorption

Solubihtv

50
100
200
400
(>4()
700

311
322

344 5
400
487
545 5

196 6
198 1
201 5

208 8
215 7

t = — ,<) sp gr =0 879

I icsMir

( (u ftu K nt ot
absorption

Solubility

100
200
4t>0
700

<)7 S
101 2
IfK) (>
IIS S

67 2

68 0

72 S

72 8

bolvuit — liitlryl u(tito

t = 7S sp gr =1 017

Ins \ t

C o( Hu K nt of
nhsorption

Solubilit \

50
100
200
400
(>50

2r)() 2
255 b
271 S

no 9

te6 9

177 5
177 1
179 2
183 2
191 2

170

CARBON OXIDE

N
Solubility of CO 2 m — solutions of various

organic substances at 20°

Absorption of C02 by propyl alco >1
Amount of alcohol used = 0 103 ecu
V and Vi See under absorption f CO 2
by ethyl alcohol

Substance

Sp gr of
•x solution

Coeff of
absorp-
tion

cc CCh
dissolved
in 1000
g H20

Pressure
kg/sq cm

t°

Gas volume
ccm

V

Vi

20
30
40
50

20°

60 59

4 867
8 472
13 46
21 62

6 16
6 62
2 1
4 6

-0 00
4 08
»8 16
2 8
.9 9
»8 2
>9 6

Dextrose
Manmte
Glycerine
Pyrogallol
Hydrochinon
Resorcm
Pyrocatechm
Urethane
Carbamide
Thio carbamide
Aoitipyrine
Acetarmde
Acetic acid
N Propyhc acid

1 0328
1 03031
1 01413
1 01718
1 00946
1 00958
1 0107
1 0037
1 00715
1 00917
1 01339
1 005
1 0026
0 9939

0 792
0 782
0 843
0 853
0 887
0 901
0 868
0 869
0 864
0 859
0 859
0 879
0 868
0 869

841
833
864
894
928
945
908
907
884
885
935
906
893
902

20
30
40
50
60
70
80

35°

62 96

3 493
6 307
9 296
13 99
18 90
35 03
49 23

20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100

60°

68 08

2 602
4 722
6 723
9 810
13 05
17 15
19 61
24 75
30 19

'4 73

17 68
>4 65
& 54
1 5
L4 4
>9 2
*4 3
L3 9

(Usher, Chem Soc 1910, 97 73 )

Absorption of C02 by ethyl alcohol

Amount of alcohol used = 0 093 ccm
V«ccm of CO2 absorbed by the solvent
at t°, reduced to a pressure of 1 kg per sq cm
Y! = ccm of CO 2 absorbed by 1 ccm of the
solvent

40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120

100°

76 27

2 592
5 669
8 025
10 44
13 13
15 72
17 10
20 95
23 55

>6 50
>4 19

T4 51
)2 17
)7 7
32 3
14 7
)3 5
75 4

Pressure
kg/sq cm

t°

Gas volume
ccm

V

Vi

30
40
50

20°

57 31

9 462
15 15
23 04

104 8
149 7
188 8

30
40
50
bO
70

35°

60 05

7 114
10 52
14 73
19 63

27 39

77 87
113 1
144 5
173 0
210 8

(Sander )

Absoiption of CO; by other
Amount of ether used = 0 1 31 coin
V and Vi Sec undci ibsorption )t CO2
by alcohol

40
50
bO
70
SO
90
100

60°

64 44

b 429
9 023
12 27
15 b4
19 11
20 b4
23 88

72 82
97 09
122 5
145 2
Ib7 9
ISO 7
195 7

42 49
(>6 05
HS (>7
111 2
129 0
145 7
155 0
174 b
182 b
18b 0

kg/sq ( in

t

( as voluiiH
(( in

\ i \ i

45
50

W

(>2 Ob

42 b2
4b SI

57 S3

)5 b
17 3
41 b

70
SO
90
1(10

b7 11

2S 49
*5 24
42 01
4b b4
>0 72
5(i b3

71 (>
)5 4
10 0
21 4
>5 0
IS 7

50
bO
70
SO
90
100
110
120
130
140

100°

72 19

3 S09
(> 034
S 374
10 7b
1 3 Ob
14 90
Ib 22
IS 93
20 48
20 bl

bO
70

so

90
100

10()c

71 (H

12 57
20 (X)
2b 34
32 Ib
35 70

1)1 0
34 b
42 S
66 4
75 4

(Sandei, Z ph>s Ch 1912, 78 524 )

(Sander )

CARBON OXIDE

171

Absorption of CO2 by benzene
Amount of benzene used =0080 ccm
V and Vi See under absorption of C02 by
ethyl alcohol

Absorption of C02 bv chlorbenzene — Cont

Pressure
£g/sq cm

t°

Gas volume
ccm

V \i

50
60
70
SO
90
110

11 16
13 74
16 65
19 50
22 23
31 64

99 06
118 1
134 5
149 3
165 5
204 4

Pressure
kg/sq cm

t°

Gas volume
ccm

V

Vi

15
20
30
40
50

20°

55 14

2 728
4 845
9 618
18 70
30 10

46 89
71 16
125 3
192 4
264 3

30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130

100°

77 73

3 562
5 008
7 106
8 701
10 37
12 05
13 88
14 89
16 35
17 77
18 54

33 65

48 16
63 78
77 24
91 02
103 00
121 2
121 5
130 7
140 7
146 8

15
20
30
40
50
60
70

35°

58 17

2 225
3 373
6 879
11 56
17 09
25 73
35 80

39 94
48 65
94 39
138 3
186 6
243 1
269 0

20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100

60°

61 86

2 140
3 880
6 699
10 28
13 57
17 71
22 50
2809
33 76

34 57
55 97
88 71
128 5
156 6
184 6
215 0
246 6
284 4

(Sander )
Absorption of COa by brombenzene
Amount of brombenzene used = 0 113 ccm
V and Vi See under absorption of CO..
by ethyl alcohol

Pressure
kg/sq cm

t°

Gas volume
ccm

V , \,

20
30
40
50

20°

60 84

4 531
7 793
12 22
17 37

50 83
82 29
121 1
160 0

40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120

100°

73 75

2 822
3 981
6 440
8 398
11 96
14 57
17 79
20 60
23 98

46 52

58 46
91 27
119 C
155 8
182 5
212 9
237 7
258 2

20
30
40
50
60
70
80

35°

63 96

3 947
5 782
8 508
11 96
16 00
22 56
41 26

43 38
62 69
90 43
116 4
146 0
1S4 1
233 9

(Sandei )

Absorption of C02 by chlorbenzene
Amount of ohlorbenzene used=0 106 ccm
V and Vi See under absorption of CO2 by
ethyl alcohol

20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110

60°

69 16

2 650
3 714
5 971
7 406
9 718
10 27
13 99
16 70
20 06
23 13

30 58
46 15
62 64
77 19
98 73
108 4
131 4
144 3
169 7
190 t>

Pr< shim
Wsq <m

1°

C as volume
ccm

V

Vi

20
30
40
>0

20°

hi 03

5 813
10 25
17 17
26 59

62 61
95 22
137 3
187 5

30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120

100°

77 48

2 970
4 032
5 833
7 239
8 330
9 714
11 14
12 79
13 80
15 50

30 56
41 49
59 64
72 54
S2 56
92 86
107 1
118 0
125 3
140 7

20
30
40
jO
60
70

*5°

64 1(>

4 650
7 705
11 81
Ib 83
22 82
32 83

46 66
72 73
101 5
137 3
168 3
205 5

20
30
40

1)0°

69 38

3 685
5 510

7 982

35 86
53 94
73 69

(Sandei )

172

CARBON OXIDE

Absorption of CO2 by nitrobenzene
Amount of nitrobenzene used=0 164 com
V and Vi See under absorption of C02
b> ethyl alcohol

Absorption of CO2 by toluene — Conti ued

Pressure
kg/sq cm

t°

Gas volume
ccm

V

i

30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130

100°

76 37

3 356
5 945
8 703
11 18
13 72
16 30
18 88
21 85
24 86
26 80
28 21

2 68
4 25
6 93
S 98
1C 7
13 6
IS 6
14 0
16 9
17 8
17 7

Pressure
kg/sq cm

t°

Gas volume
ccm

V

Vi

15
20
30
40
50

20°

57 65

5 459
7 354
12 14
15 93
21 71

41 60
57 12
92 50
115 9
155 9

20
30
40
50
60
70
80

35°

59 S6

5 644
8 658
11 98
15 59
19 94
25 57
34 95

44 48
68 23
94 39
113 4
145 1
179 6
227 0

(Sander )

Absorption of C02 by ethyl acetati
Amount of ethyl acetate used=0 15 f cm
V and Va See under absorption o CO2
by ethyl alcohol

20
30
40
50
60
70
80

60°

64 73

3 787
4 519
6 308
7 750
8 887
10 15
10 80

31 38
38 23
52 26
64 21
72 15
82 40
85 03

Pressure
kg/sq cm

t°

Gas volume
ccm

V

i

25
30
40

20°

60 30

29 43
37 91
51 26

U 6
IS 2

22 9

20
30
40
50
60
70
80

100°

75 52

2 749
4 162
5 393
6 832
7 763
9 048
10 65

24 67
41 00
50 36
63 80

70 85
75 75
86 86

30
40
50
60

35°

63 40

26 54
38 69
48 35
51 88

14 2

18 4
21 9
21 8

30
40
50
60
70
80

60°

68 55

18 12
25 67
33 21
40 12

45 47
49 16

10 0
14 5
16 2
18 7
2C 1
22 4

(Sander )
\bsorption of CO2 by toluene
Amount of toluene used = 0 114 ccm
V and Vi See under absorption of CO
b> ethyl alcohol

40
50
bO
70
80
90
100

100°

76 80

12 7(>
18 80
24 12
28 99
32 9b
3b 92
42 75

£ 70
11 1
Id 0
1* 0
Ifc 3
17 1
19 5

Pressure
kg/sq cm

t°

Gas volume
ccm

\

\i

20
30
40
50

20°

59 97

7 420
13 31
23 25
45 10

57 91
103 3
155 9
235 8

20
30
40
50
bO
70

35°

63 05

6 018
10 13
16 03
23 34
31 39
44 17

49 bO
82 03
US S
155 8
192 1
225 S

(Sxnder )
Absoiptiou of CO by GHaGOOIl+G 1,

SoK( n

« CO i )soi (I

1 mol CHsCOOH
0 8 CHaCOOHH-
) 2 CC14
0 5 CH,GOOH +
) 5 CC14
0 2 CHjGOOH-f
) 8 CC14
1 CC14

58 S
<>1 0
(>2 4

()0 2
57 0

30
40
50
bO
70
80
90
100

60°

68 17

6 735
9 885
13 98
IS 00
22 6b
26 bO
31 bb
38 86

54 07
7S 67
104 b
128 1
150 1
171 9
191 5
210 0

(Christoff, J phys Ch 1905, 53 38 )

CABBON OXIDE

173

Absorption of CO

2 byC2H4Cl2+ CS2

Absorption of C02 by organic substances-h
Aq at 15°

Solvent

co COa absorbed

P — % of the organic substance in the sol-

1 mol C2H4C12
08 " C2H4C12+
02 " CS2

209 7
173 4

vent
§i5°= Coefficient of absorption at 15°
i5° = Solubility at 15°

05" C2H4C12+
0 5 )) CS2

140 0

Organic substance
used

P

ft.0

slfi°

08 " CS2 *

71 9

Chloral hydrate

0

0 996

1 " CS2

19 9

0

0 992

1 056

Q

1 012

(ChnstotT }

17 7

0 885

0 935

21 8

0 860

0 908

31 6

0 803

0 848

Solubility of CO2

in organic solvents

37 0

38 3

0 790
0 781

C 834
0 825

-57 = change of solubility for 1° increase m

49 8
51 1

0 760
0 769

0 802
0 812

temp

52 6

0 764

0 807

57 1

0 765

0 808

Sol

Sol

Sol

61 1

0 780

0 824

Solvent

ubihty

ubihty

ubihty

ds

68 8

0 797

0 842

at
2o C

at
20° C

at
15° C

"dt

71 0

0 812

0 857

74 6

0 848

0 895

Glycenne

0 0302

/ Tt V

79 4

\j cyxo

0 903

0 953

Water

) 82

OD

Carbon bisulphide
Jodobenzene

0 8699
1 301

0 8888
1 371

0 9446
1 440

—0 00747
— 0 0139

Glycenne

0

1 003

1 064

tailme

1 32

4

1 434

1 531

— 0 0207

o

1 013

o Toluidine
m Toluidine

1 381
1 436

1 473
1 581

1 539
1 730

— 0 0158
— 0 0244

26 11

0 785

0 829

Fugenol

1 539

1 653

1 762

—0 0223

27 69

0 800

0 845

Benzotnchlonde

1 643

43 72

0 639

0 675

Cumene
Carvene
Dichlorhydnu

1 782
1 802
1 810

1 879
1 921
1 917

1 978
2 034
2 020

— 0 0196
— 0 0232
— 0 0210

46 59
62 14

0 620
0 511

0 655
0 540

4myl alcohol

1 831

1 941

2 058

— 0 0227

73 36

0 449

0 474

Brombenzene
Isobutyl alcohol

1 842
1 849

1 964
1 964

2 092
2 088

— 0 0250
— 0 0239

77 75

0 430

0 454

Ben/yl chloride

1 938

2 072

2 180

— 0 0242

87 74

0 422

0 446

m Xvlcne

2 090

2 216

2 346

— 0 0256

90 75

0 404

0 427

Ethylene bromide
Chlorobenzcne
Carbon tctraohlemde

2 157
2 2G5
2 294

2 294
2 420
2 502

2 424
2 581
2 603

— 0 0267
— 0 0316
— 0 0309

96 64
99 26

0 415
0 410

0 438
0 43S

O If

it

2eoe

i ropyipne oroinieic
Toluene
Benz£ nc

Z JUI.

2 305
2 425

2 426
2 540

QOO

2 557
2 710

— 0 0281
— 0 0256
— 0 0285

(Hammel, Z phys Ch 1915,90 1 >3 )

Amyl bromide

2 455

2 638

2 803

— 0 0348

Nitrobenzene
Prop\ 1 alcohol
Car\ ol

2 450
2 49S
2 498

2 655
2 600

2 845
2 914

— 0 0389
— 0 0416

Solubility of carbon dioxide in solutions of
aniline at 25°

1 th\l akohol (07%)
\rn\l chloruh

2 700
2 S41
2 010

2 023
-J 057
* 127

3 130
3 304
i *03

— 0 0424
— 0 0463
— 0 045 i

I Concentration, 0 206 g aniline m 100 c c
of solution

Isobut\ 1 < hloruh

-I 105

•{ 3XS

3 650

— 0 0554

P = Pressure

f hloroform
HuU ri( a< id
1 tlnhiu (hlondt

3 430

•t 478

3 681
} 767
i 705

3 956
4 084
4 001

— 0 0526
— 0 0606
— 0 0530

S = Solubility calc accoidmg to formula
given m original article

I \ ridiiK
\Icth\l ihohol
\MI\ 1 foriuut <

i 050

3 802
4 20,

4 201
4 000

— 0 0035
—0 0700

P

fc> P

s

1 ropioiiK a< id

1 026

1 07S

4 320
4 417

4 646

4 787

— 0 0620
— 0 0700

748

0 865 1053

0 855

\m\ 1 w i lat«
( lacuil i<( tu acid

4 no

4 070

4 411
> 120

1 850
-> 614

— o 07 n

— 0 0035

SOS

0 855 1159

0 8b2

lyobutvl iutat(

4 001

4 90S

—0 0 ) A

920

0 857 1243

0 8b(>

"> 2(

Mi

5 720

6 218

Q 1012

\(l 10IU

6 205

0 921

— 0 12 j2

M(th\l i«1 ito

R 404

II Concentration, 0 425 g aniline in 100 c <

(Just,/ plvys Ch 1001 37 354)

of solution

p

b P

s

760

0 909 1150

0 897

816

0 897 1236

0 902

921

0 897 1380

0 908

174

CARBON SELENIDE

Solubility of carbon dioxide in solutions of

aniline at 25° — Continued
III Concentration, 0566 g aniline in 100
c c of solution

p

s

P

s

760

823
941

0 935
0 929
0 925

1082
1223
1341

0 923
0 924
0 930

IV Concentration, 0743 g aniline in 100
c c of solution

p

s

P

s

760
895
983

0 953
0 941
0 940

1063
1223
1302

0 94C
0 940
0 942

(Findla} and Creighton, Chem Soc 1910, 97
555)

Solubility of C02 m CS2 increases approx
propoitionally with the pressure The ab-
sorption is greater at lower temp and less
at higher temp than is required by Dal ton's
law 0* oukoloff, C R 1889, 108 674 )

Absoipbion of C02 by sugar +Aq

sugar +Aq

Grams CO absorbed by
75 cc of solution at 15 5°
and 720 mm

Viff-N sugar solution
Vr-N "
1-N "

0 1225
0 1089
0 0931

(Chiistoff, Z phys Ch 1905, 53 329 )
Absoiption of CO2 in sugar +Aq at 20°

Concofsohmon Sp gr °S£%£f

( Usher, Chem Soc 1910, 97 72 )

Liquul — Not miscible with H20, though
slightly sol therein, or with fatty oils, mis-
oible i\ith alcohol, ether, Cfe2, and the essen-
tial oilb (1 hiloner, Mitchell )

Unacted upon by H20, sol in alcohol,
ethers, petroleum, oil of turpentine, and CS2
(Mareska and Donny )

Petroleum dissolves 5 to 6 vols liquid CO 2
(Cailletet, C R 75 1271)

SI sol mCS2 (Cailletet)

holid — When immersed in H20, rapidly
volatilises and dissolves With alcohol or
ether it forms a semi-fluid mixture (Chan-
mng, Am J Sci (2) 5 186 )

Onl} i&hghtly sol in anhydrous ether, but
may be mixed therewith to a paste (Thil-
oner )

Sol in methyl chloride below — 65° > the

point of sat without decomp (Villard, ^ R
1895, 120 1413 )

+6H2O (Villard, C R 1894, 119 )9 )

, Carbon selemde, C4Se

Sol only in hot cone H2SO4 (v ] rtal.
Ch Z 1906, 30 810 )

CsSe Insol in H20, CS2, and bher
Easily sol in hot cone H2SO4, sol in one
NaOH+Aq from which it is pptd b} HC1
(v Bartal)

Carbon suicide CSi

(Carborundum ) Not attacked bj any
acids, even HF, si attacked by caus al-
kalies or carbonates (Acheson, C ] 68
179)

Not attacked by KOH-j-Aq (Sch zen-
berger, C R 114 1089 )

Carbon wowosulphide, CS

Insol in H2O, alcohol, oil of turpent e, or
benzene, somewhat sol in CS2 or ethe sol
m warm HNO3, sol in cone KOH Aq
(Sidot, C R 81 32 )

Readily absorbed by alcohol and a line
(Demnger, J pr 1895, (2) 51 349 )

Carbon ^sulphide, CS2

Very si sol in H20

1 1 H20 dissolves 2-3 g CS2 (Ckiandi 3uU

Soc 43 562) , 3 5-4 52 g (Peligot, ib 43 >63)

30 ccm CS2 shaken with 8690 ccm I 0 at

20-23° for 18 days decreased 11 ccm in < lays

and 1 4 ccm in the next 3 days by di used

light, and 0 6 ccm in the last 5 days (no 'ht)

Part of the CS2 was decomp and 7 8P cm

were dissolved, therefore H2O dissolve Viono

of its weight CS (Sestmi, Gizz ch b 1
473)

Solubility of CS, in H O

100 pts H20 dissolve 0 203 pts CS2 at 1 H°

(t « Q jq^ 1C Ct 1 i/>0

" " 0 IbS " " 2 27°

" 0 145 " tl ^1 33°

(Pigo, C N 41 195)

Solubility of CS mHaO i = « CS n 1000
( cm solution it t°

a

t

a

t

a

2 04
1 99
1 94

1 87

0
5
10
15

1 79
1 69
1 55
1 37

20
25
30

1 11

0 70
0 14

40
45
49

(Chancel and Parmentier, C H 100

100 g H2O dissolve at t°

t° 0 10 20 30

0 258 0 239 0 201 0 195 g C
(Rex, Z phys Ch 1906, 55 365

CARBONATES

175

Absorption of CS« vapor by H2O at t°

t

Coefficient of absorption

0
10
20
30

3
2
1
0

573
189
346
799

Gale from data of Chancel and Parmentier.
C R 100 733)

(Winkler, Z phys Ch 1906, 55 352 )

Vapois of CS2 are most easily absorbed by
alcoholic solution of KOH SI absorbed by
KOH+Aq, and very slowly by CuS04,
Pb(C2H3O2)2-|-Aq, cone H2SO4. or CaCl2 in
HCl+Aq (Berthelot, A ch (3) 51 74 )

Solubility in alcohol S= strength of alcohol
in per cent by weight, P=pts CS2 which

dissolve in lu com aieonoi at iv

Ea
gense

e

Ne
sen)

s | P

S

p

100
98 5
98 15
96 95
93 54

18 20
13 20
10 00
7 00

91 37

84 12
76 02
48 40
47 90

5 00
3 00
2 00
0 20
0 00

(Tuchschmidt and Follemus, B 4 583 )

Miscible with absolute alcohol, ether, ethe-
real and fatty oils, and liquid C02

1 ncarbon r/tsulphide, C3S2

Insol ni H O, easily sol in alcohol ether,
chlorof 01 in, benzene, and CS2 The alcoholic
and ethpieil solutions decomp on standing
(Lengyel, B 26 2960 )

Sol in alcohol with decomp Sol in CS2
and in benzonc (Stock, B 1912, 45 3575 )

*So/?r/ nuxlijunlion Insol in H2O and
01 dm 11 3 solvents Sol in KOH+Aq
(1 eng\ el )

Carbon sulphoselemde, CSSc
Mpt — S5C, bpt +84°
Deooinp by light Not ittacked by H2()
Sol in hot roue KNOT Docomp by Bi2
to in oil Sol in alcohol with d< comp Mis-
cible \\ith CS (Stock, B 1914, 47 150)

Carbon sulphotellunde, CS 1 e

Mpt — >4° Very unstable

Mibciblc \\ith CS and benzine without
deooinp (Stock, B 1914,47 142)

Carbonatochloroplatmdiamme carbon-
ate chloroplatinri/arrune nitrate

SI' [Pt Si j /C°')2' C1;PUN2H0N03)
PitcipitiV 6(Cleve, J B 1867 321 )

Carbonatonitratoplatin^tamme carbon-
ate* (NO^^2^^^
Sol in boiling H20 (Cleve)

Carbonatotetramine cobaltic bromide,

Co(NH8)4CO3Br

Much less sol than chloride (Jorgensen,
Z anorg 2 279)

— carbonate, [Co(NH3)4COs]2CO3+3H2O
Very sol in H2O (Jorgensen )

chloraurate,

Somewhat sol in H20, nearly absolutely
insol m alcohol (Jorgensen )

• chloride, Co(MHs)4C08Cl
Easily sol in H20, insol in alcohol (Jor-

chloroplatinate, [Co(NH3)4CO3]2PtCl6+

2H2O
Nearly insol m H20 and alcohol (Jorgen-

• chloroplatuute, [Co(NH3)4CO3]2PtCl4
Nearly insol m H2O, wholly in alcohol
(Jorgensen )

dithionate, [CorNH3)4CO3]2S2O6

Ppt (Jorgensen )

iodide, Co(NH3)4C03I

Much less sol than biomide or chloride
(Jorgensen )

nitrate, Co(NH3)4C03NO3-f-J^H O

Sol in about 15 pts cold H2O, insol in
alcohol (Jorgensen )

sulphate, [Co(NH3)4CO3]2S04+3H2O

Considerably less sol in H O than the ni-
trate (Jorgensen )

Carbonic acid, II COj
h(( Carbon dioxide

Carbonates

Carbonattb of Na, K, lib, and Cs aie easily
sol m H20, carbonates of Li and 11 are much
less sol , other caibonates aie nearly or quite
insol All caibonates dre sol to some extent
in H20 containing CO; All carbonates, ex-
cept those of NH4, Kb, and Cs, are insol in
alcohol

Sol in those acids which are themselves
sol m H20, except HCN and H3BO3

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 824 )

176

CA.RBON\TE, 1LIAIIXUM, B4.SIC

Aluminum carbonate, basic
SAW),, 6C02+37H20 - 3 4J(OH)3,
(Seubert, if

CO2

anorg

(Parkmann, Sill Am J (2)
(Muspratt and
(Wallace, Chem
(Bley, J pr 39

AljjVJ'S,

34 324)

3A12O3, 2CO2+16HoO
Danson, A 72 120 )

3A12O3 2CO2+9HoO
Gaz 1858 410)

5A12O3 3CO2+18H2O
11)

2A1203 CO2+6H2O =10A1(OH)3 A12(CO3)3
+3H2O Sol in cold dil acids (Schlum-
berger Bull Soc 1895, (3) 13 46 )

4-8H20 (Urbam and Renoul J Pharm
(4)30 340) = 10A1(OH)3, A12(CO3)3+9H2O
(Seubert Z anorg 1893 4 67)

8A12O3, 3CO2+40H2O (Langlois, A ch
(3)48 505)

All are precipitates, insol in H2O, sol m
acids, and give off CO2 at slight heat

There are no definite carbonates of alum-
inum (Cameron, J phys Chem 1908, 12
572)

Aluminum ammonium carbonate, A12O3, CO2,
(NH4)2C03-f4H2C

Precipitate (Rose, Pogg 91 460 )

Aluminum sodium carbonate, A12O3, CO2,

2Na2CO3-f24H20

Precipitate Sol in cold dil acids (Bley,
J pr 39 22)

Ammonium carbonate, (NH4)2CO3+H2O

Sol at 15° in its own weight H2O Solution
in H2O gives off gas at 7(5-75°. and boils at
75-80° SI sol in cold dil kH4OH+Aq,
more sol at ordinal y temp Insol in cone
NH4OH+Aq (Divers, Chem Soc (2) 8
171, 259, and 364 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Fianklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 826 )

Insol in alcohol

Insol in CS2 (Aictowski, Z anorg 1894,
6 257)

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1910,43 314)

100 g pure glycerine dissolve 20 g
(NH4)2CO3 at 15° (Ossendowski, Pharm J
1907,79 575)

Ammonium hydrogen carbonate, NH4HCO8

Sol at 15° in about 8 pts H2O (Berthol-
let, J Phys 66 168)

Sol at 12 8° m about 6 pts H2O (J Davy,
N Edinb J 16 245)

Solution decomp on air or by gentle heat or
by addition of the solid salt (Berthollet )

100 pts JH20 dissolve at 0°, 11 9 pts , at
10°, 15 85 pts , at 20P, 21 pts , at 30°, 27 pts
NH4HCO3 (Dibbits J pr (2) 10 417 )

Solubility of XH4HC03 in NH4C1-
with C02, at t°

3, sat

t

g per 100 g H2O

Sp g of sat
so tion

NEUCI

NKUHCOs

0°

0
29 OS

11 9
3 6

1 77

15°

0
2 99
6 06
8 51
11 68
18 30
26 93
33 25
34 35

IS 64
16 29
14 22
12 69
11 68
9 33
7 73
6 64
6 42

1 64
1 63
1 62
1 62
1 65
1 69
1 76
1 85
1 85

30°

0
39 7

27 0
9 1

(Fedotieff, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 1 > )
Solubility of NH^COg in NaHCC -j-\q,

t°

g per 100 g HO

Sp gr if sat
soli on

NaHCOs

\H,HCO3

0°

0
4 82

11 90
10 94

1 2

15°

0
5 92

18 64
17 06

1 I 4
1 i »0

30°

0
7 0

27 0
23 0

(Fedotieff, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 1( )
Solubility of NH4HCO 3 m NH4N03 T \ it t°

t°

g per 100 g H O

^p gr t ^t
< lu m

\HAOa

NH4HOO

0°

0

us

11 90
4 52

1 25

15°

0
23 2b
49 82
103 4
128 9
Ibb 9

18 64
12 91
10 33
8 25
7 79
7 49

1 ( 4

1 ] 3
1 3 1
1 . 2
1 . 3

1 3 2

30°

0
231 9

26 96
12 57

(Fedotieff and Koltunoff, Z anoig 191
251)

Insol m alcohol (J Davy )
Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329 )

, €5

899,

CARBONATE, AMMONIUM DYSPROSIUM

177

Ammonium cfahydrogen carbonate,
(NH4)4H2(C03)3+H20

Sp gr of carbonate of ammonia +Aq at
12° —Continued

Sol in 5 pts H20 at 15° decomp by more

H20 or by heat (Divers, Chem Soc (2) 8
171, 359, and 364 )

Deg Tw

Spjr at

% Carb
amrnon

Change of
sp gr

t * TO/""*

SI sol in alcohol

tor i \^

18

1 090

26 82

0 0007

Ammonium hydrogen carbonate carbamate,

19

1 095

28 33

0 0007

2NH4HC03, NH4CONH2 (Salts of harts-

20

1 100

29 93

0 0007

horn ) v

21

1 105

31 77

0 0007

1 pt salt dissolves at

22

1 110

33 45

0 0007

13° in 4 pts H20

23

1 115

35 08

0 0007

167° "33

24

1 120

36 88

0 0007

322° "27

25

1 125

38 71

0 0007

406° "24 "

26

1 130

40 34

0 0007

49° " 2 "

27

1 135

42 20

0 0007

( J Davy, N Edinb J 16 245 )

28
29

1 140
1 144

44 29
44 90

0 0007
0 0007

the carbonate remains undissolved
NH4HC03, NH4C02NH2 (Commercial

carbonate of ammonia )
Sol at 15° in 4 pts H2O, at 65° in \H pts

H20 (Divers )
30 pts salt +100 pts H20 lower temp from

15 3° to 3 2° (Rudorff, B 2 68)

bo! in 1 667 pts cold and 0 833 pt hot HaO (Four
crov)

100 pts HaO at 13° dissohe 25 pts

17° 30

37° 37

41° 40

49° 50
fBer^ehus )

100 pts HiO at lo 5° dissolve 33 pts at 100° 100
pts (Ure a Diet )

bol in 2 pts H C) at 15 5° and in less than 1 pt
boiling H O sat solution at 15 5° contains 33 3% and
Bat boiling solution 50% (Abl )

Sat aqueous solution at 10 contains 15 7% (Cller )

Sat aqueous solution at (?) contains 01% (Mus
Htm brock )

^ cold °- % (Fourcroy)

> as si . II (NH4)2COT dis

soivis oui Jirsi uiiu N H<1 ICOs later (Scanlan )

»Sp gr of caibonatc of ammoma+Aq at 12°

Dck Iw

Sp ^r nt
12

Vt Curb
ammon

Change of
sp ^r
for 1 C

1

1 005

1 bb

0 0002

2

1 010

* 18

0 0002

1

1 015

4 bb

0 0003

4

1 020

(> 04

0 0003

5

1 025

7 40

0 0003

(>

1 030

S <M

0 0004

7

i 035

10 <5

0 0004

S

1 040

11 8b

0 0004

<)

045

H to

0 0005

10

050

14 83

0 0005

11

055

Ib Ib

0 0005

12

ObO

17 70

0 0005

U

1 065

10 18

0 0005

14

1 070

20 70

0 0005

15

1 075

22 25

0 0006

Ib

1 080

23 78

0 0006

17

1 085

25 31

0 0006

(Lunge, Chem Ind 1883 2 )

Sp gr of aqueous solution of salt with com-
position 31 3% NH3, 56 6% C02, 12 1%
H2O 100 pts of solution contain —
6 58 9 96 14 75 19 83 25 71 pts salt

1 0219 1 0337 1 0497 1 0672 1 0863 sp gr

29 74 35 85 40 23 44 90 pts salt
1 0995 1 1174 1 1297 1 1414 sp gr
(J H Smith, Chem Ind 1883 3 )

Cone alcohol dissolves out carbamate and
leaves carbonate (Hunefeld, J pr 7 25 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4328)

Ammonium cerous carbonate, (NH4)2CO3.

Ce2(C03)3+6H20

Ppt Very si sol in cone (NH4)2CO3+Aq
(Meyer Z anorg 1904, 41 104 )

Ammonium chromous carbonate, (NH4)2CO8,

CrCO3+H2O

Decomp by moist air, sol in dil HC1 and
H2S04 (Bauge, C R 1896, 122 476 )

Ammonium cobaltous carbonate, (NH4)2COs,
CoCO3-f4H20

Permanent Sol m H2O (Deville, A eh
0) 35 460)

(NH4)2O 2CoO,4C02+9H2O Quickly de-
comp on air, sol in H2O (Deville )

+ 12H2O Sol mH2O

Ammonium didymmm carbonate, (NH4)2CO3,

Di,(C08),+3HjO
Insol m H/) (Clevc )

Ammonium dysprosium carbonate,

NH4Dy(C03)3+H20

Only si sol m H20 (Jantsch, B 1911, 44
1277)

178

CARBONATF, AMMONIUM GLUCINUM

Ammonium glucinum carbonate, 2(NH4)2C08
3G1C03(?)

Very sol in cold decomp by hot H2O
Nearly insol in alcohol (Debray )

Composition is (NH^aCOs, 2G1CO3,

, ,

G1(OH)2+2H20 (Humpidge, Royal Soc
Proc 39 1)

Ammonium lanthanum carbonate, La2(CO3)3,

(NH4)2C03+4H20
Ppt (Meyer, Z anorg 1904, 41 102 )

Ammonium magnesium carbonate.

(NH4)2Mg(C08)2+4H20

Sol in 71 pts H20 with decomp , more
sol in NH4Cl+Aq (Divers, Chem Soc 51
196)

H20 containing (NH4)2CC>3 dissolves v<
slightly, more sol m H20 containing
(Favre, A ch (3) 10 473 )

Ammonium nu

(NH4)2Mg

nesium hydrogen carbonate,
*2(C03)4+8H20, or 12H20

Decomp on air (Deville, A ch (3) 35
454)

Ammonium neodymium carbonate,

(NH4)2C03, Nd2(C03)8+4H20
Ppt 81 sol in cone (NH4)2C03-f-Aq
(Meyer, Z anorg 1904, 41 106 )

Ammonium nickel carbonate, NH4HC03,

NiCO3+4H20
Insol in H20 (Deville, A ch (3) 35 452 )

Ammonium praseodymium carbonate,

(NH4)2C03, Pr2(C08)3+4H20
Ppt Insol in (NH4)2C03-{-Aq (Meyer
Z anorg 1904, 41 105 )

Ammonium samarium carbonate, (NH4)2C03,

Sm2(C03),4-4H 0
Ppt

Ammonium scandium carbonate, (NH4LC03,

2Sc2(C03)3+6H20

Difficultly sol in H20 Sol in cold alkali-
carbonate -f-Aq, less sol m hot (R Meyer,
Z anoig 1910, 67 410 )

Ammonium tin (stannous) carbonate,

(NH4)/X)3, 2SnCO,+3H,0
Decomp by cold H 0 (Deville, A ch (3)
35 456 )

Ammonium uranyl carbonate, 2(NH4)2CO3,
UO2C03

Sol at 15° in 20 pts H20 more abundantly
m H2O containing (NH4)2C03 (Ebelmen )

Insol m pure H2O, sol m H2O containing
(NH4)2C03 Solution is decomp by boiling
(Berzelms )

Sol in S02+Aq (Berthier A ch J) 7
76)

3(NH4)2C08, 2(U02)C03+4H20 g m
H20 (Giohtti C C 1905, II 227 )

Ammonium vanadyl carbonate, 3(NI )20,
7V02, 5CO2+16H20

SI sol in H20

Sol in acids and alkalies (Kopp , Z
anorg 1Q05, 46 350 )

Ammonium yttrium carbonate, (NH4) X>3,

Y2(C08)3+2H20
Insol in (NH4)2C03-f Aq (Mosand )

Ammonium zinc carbonate, basic, < /nO.
NH4OH, 2C02+H20

Insol in H20 (Kassner, Arch Phari (3)
27 673)

Ammonium zinc carbonate, (NH4) X)3,
ZnCO3

Insol m H2O (Deville )

Quite sol in H20, more sol han
(NH4)2C03, MgC03 Tolerably perm lent
in the air Slowly decomp by cold, r idly
by hot H20

Very sol in (NH4)2C03+Aq Notatt ked
by alcohol (Favre, A ch (3) 10 481

Barium carbonate, BaC03

Sol in 4304 pts cold, and 2304 pts b ling
H2O (Fourcroy )

Sol in 47 620 pts H20 (Bmeau, 2 ch
(3) 51 290 )

Sol m 14,137 pts H O at 16-20° and
15,421 pts at 100° (Fresemus )

Sol m 12 027 pts H20 at 15° (Kre iers,
Pogg 85 247)

Calculated from electrical conductiv f of
solution, 1 pt BaC03 is sol in 64,070 pts i 0
at 8 8° and 45,566 pts at 24 2C (Holler inn,
Z phys Ch 12 125)

Solubility m H O at t°

14
IS
2>
27

sol in ion j, H

4 42 x 10-'
457 \ 10-'
48() x 10-'
522 x TO-'
5(><) x Kr1
(> 27 x K)-4

(Weisscnbeigor, Z phys Ch 1914, 88 >b )

"Solubility piodiut"=Sl x 10- in 1

(McCoy and Smith, J Am Chun Soc )11,
33 473)

Sol in H2CO3+Aq (S< ( baiium hyu xjin
irbonatt )

Easily sol in dil acidb Not acted up L by
cone HNOrf+Aq

Not decomp by 1 pt H2&04+6 pt ab-
solute alcohol Slowly decomp by pt

CARBONATE, BARIUM URANYL

179

Solubihty of BaCO3 in 10% NaCl+Aq at t°

HNO3+6 pfcs absolute alcohol Slowly de-
comp by 1 pt H C2O4H-6 pts absolute al-
cohol

Not decomp by absolute alcoholic solu-
tions of racemic, tartanc, citnc, or glacial
acetic acids (Babington and Philhps, 1816 )

Almost completely msol in H2O containing
NH4OH and (NH4)2C03 when digested m
such a solution and allowed to stand 1 pt
BaCO3 dissolves in 141 000 pts of such a solu-
tion (Fresemus )

Not more sol in NaCl+Aq than in H20
(Karsten )

Sol m cold NH4C1, NH4N03, or NH4 suc-
cmate+Aq (Vogel, J pr 7 453 )

2 mols NH4C1 dissolved in H2O dissolve 1
mol BaC03 by continued boiling (Smith.
Phil Mag J 9 540)

Solubility in H2O increases by addition of
NH4C1, at first strongly, then less strongly
and finally strongly again (D'Agustino and
Pellegrmo, Gazz ch it 1908 38 (1) 532 )

Somewhat sol in K2C08-f-Aq CWacken-
roder, A 24 30)

Solubility of BaCO8 in KCl+Aq at bpt of
solution

g Kf1! r>er 100 g
solution

0 15

1

3
10
30

S BaCOs per 1000 cc sat
solution

0 0847
0 1781
0 2667
0 4274
0 5550

(Cantom and Gogueha, Bull Soc 1905, (3)
33 13)

Solubiht> of BiCOi m NiCl-hAq it bpt of
solution

^ N »( 1 p(r 100 t,
olution

j, B iCO i prr 1000 cc sat
solution

0 lr>

I

•>
10

;o

0 0587
0 07S7
0 10%
0 lrV75
0 27S4

(C1 mi oiii ind do^udii, 1 ( )
»Soluhihty of MiCO, in 10% KCl-fAq it t°

<

k BiC O IMP 1000 r< sal
H >lution

10
20
40
()()

SO

0 2175
0 240S
0 2C)72
0 3491
0 4049

(Cantom ind Gogueha, 1 c )

t°

g BaCOj per 1000 cc sat
solution

10
20
40
60
80

0 1085
0 1126
0 1231
0 1303
0 1418

(Cantom and Goguelia, 1 c )

Slowly sol in cone Na«>SO4, MgSO4,
Ca(N03)2, or CaCl2+Aq, but insol in ZnCl2
-fAq (Itarsten )

SI decomp by boiling K2SO4-hAq

SI decomp in the cold by 1 pt K2SO44-2
pts Na2SO4+Aq

Decomp by salts of Al, Mn, Cr, Fe, U, Bi
Cd Cu, Hg, Pb Sn11, Sniv, Hg2, Rh, Ir, Au,
with pptn of oxide of metal (Rose, Tr )

Pptn of BaCO3 is hindered by presence of
alkali citrates or metaphosphates

Sol in solutions of various salts, as in the
case of calcium carbonate (see Calcium car-
bonate) The solvent power of these solutions
for barium carbonate is somewhat less than
for calcium carbonate

Insol m acetone (Naumann B 1904, 37
4329)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
B 1909,42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1904, 37 3602 )

Insol in acetone and in methylal (Eid-
mann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Mm Withente

Barium hydrogen carbonate, BaH2(C03)o(?)

100 pts H2O containing C02 dissolve 0 079
pt BaCO3 (Bineau)

100 pts H2O containing C02 dissolve 0 17
pt BaCO3 (Lassaigne )

100 pts H20 sat with CO 2 under a pressure
of 4-6 atmospheres dissolve 0 725 pt BaC03
Upon evaporating, BaCOa is deposited
(Wagner, Z anal 6 167 )

BaCCM&sol in 833 pts H2O sat with CO 2
it 10° (Lassaigne )

BaCO3 ib sol in 830 pts H O sat with CO
it 10° (touicroy )

BaCO,issol ml55()ptb H2O sat with CO
it 10° (Bergman )

100 oc H O sit with CO2 dibsolve 0 73 g
B iH (COjh (McCoy and Smith, J Am
Chcm Soc 1911, 33 473)

Barium calcium carbonate, BaCOj, CaCO3

Mm linrylMiildlt ttronihtt Sol m dil
icids

Barium uranyl carbonate, BiO, 2110* 2CO
-fr)H/) Docomp b> HO (Blmkoff
Dissert 1900)

+8H O Decomp by H 0 (Blmkoff )

180

CARBONATE BISMUTH, BASIC

Bismuth carbonate, basic, (BiO)2COs+

Insol in H20, sol in acids Insol mCO2-f-
Aq (Bergman )

Completely sol in (NH4)2CO3+Aq, si sol
in K2C08 + Aq , insol in Na2CO3 + Aq (Lau-
gier )

Absolutely insol in (NH4)2CO3+Aq unless
H3P04 or H3As04 are present (Berzelius )

Insol an (NH4)2COS, K2C03, or Na2CO3-f
Aq (Rose )

Sol in NEUCl+Aq (Wackenroder ) In-
sol mNEUNOs+Aq (Brett)

Sol inCaCla+Aq (Pearson)

Min Bismuthosphaerite

3Bi2Os, C02 Min Bismuthite Easily
sol in acids

4Bi2O3, 3C02-HJ£H20 Mm Bismuth
spar Easily sol in acids

Bismuth potassium carbonate, Bi2OK4(C03)4

+H20

Decomp by large quantities of H20 (Rey-
nolds, Chem Soc 1898, 73 266 )

Cadmium carbonate, CdC03

Insol in H20, easily sol in acids, insol in
K2C03, and Na2C03+Aq, very si sol in
(NH4)2C03 +Aq (Fresenms )

Easily sol in NH4 sulphate, nitrate, and
succinate+Aq (Wittstem )

Sol mKCN+Aq, sol in cold NH4Cl+Aq,
less sol in NH4N03+Aq (Brett, 1837 )

Not prevented from pptn by non-volatile
organic substances (Rose )

Not pptd from solutions containing sodium
citrate (Spiller )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 827 )

Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910,43 314)

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329)

+ }^H20 (Lefort, J B 1847 346 )
(Kraut, Z anorg 1897, 13 14 )

Cadmium carbonate hydrazine, CdC03,

2N2H<

Easily sol mcold NH4OH-f-Aq (tranzen,
Z anorg 1908, 60 281 )

Caesium carbonate, Cs2C03
Very deliquescent, and sol in H20
100 pts absolute alcohol dissolve 11 1 pts

Cs2CO3 at 19°, 20 1 pts Cs2CO3 at boiling

temp (Bunsen )

Caesium hydrogen carbonate, CsHCO^
Not deliquescent Sol in H20

Calcium carbonate basic, CaO CaCO3+H2O
Hardened by H20, but not dissolved
(Raoult, C R 92 189 ) !

Calcium carbonate, CaC03

More sol m cold than in hot HaO (Qmel] )

When recently pptd sol in S834 pts bo ng and

10 601 pts cold HaO much less sol in HsO < itammg

NH4OH and (NBU^COs 65 246 pts of whic dissolve
1 pt CaCOs (Fresenms (1846) A 59 122

Sol m 16 000 pts pure H-jO (Brandes 1 5 )

Sol in 12 858 pts pure HaO at 15° (Krem i Pogg
85 247)

Sol in 16 000-24 000 pts pure H2O (Bucl z )

1 1 H20 dissolves 34 mg CaC03 'heva-

let, Z anal 8 91, Hoffmann, Z anal 414 )

I 1 F2O may contain 0 016 g CaC< ^ e ,
1 pt is sol in 62 500 pts H20 (Bn au, A
ch f 3) 51 290 )

I 1 H20 dissolves 0 02 g CaC03, i , 1 pt
CaC03 is sol in 50 000 pts H20 (I ligot )
Solubility is much affected by CO2 of le air

1 1 H2O at 16° dissolves 13 1 mg aC03
(Schlcsing, C R 74 1552 )

Calculated from electrical conduct ity of

CaCOs-f Aq, 1 pt CaC03 is sol in 99,' 0 pts

H20 at 8 7°, and 80,040 pts at 23 8° Solle-
mann, Z phys Ch 12 125 )

By continued boiling CaH2(C03)2, 3 mg

CaCOs remain in solution (Weltzien, 136
165)

Solubility in H20 at different pressi es

Pressure in atmos

bolubihty

1079
1403
1820
2109

(Engel, C R 101 949 )

100 pts H20 dissolve C 0005 pt (call
as CaO) from pptd CaCO3 and 0 0(
from calcspar (Lu bavin, J russ S
389)

1 1 H2O dissolves 13 mg CaC03
(Kohhausch, Z phys Ch 1893, 12 24

1 1 CO2 free water dissolves 17 4 m
or 31 0 mg CaC03 (Gotho Ch Z
"I 305)

CaCO3 dissolves in 9662 pts H2O
(Pollacci C C 1896, II 94b )

1 1 H2O free from C()2 disbolves 9
!aC03 (McCoy and Smith J Am
Woe 1911, 33 473 )

Found dissolved in 10,000 pts sen,
(Davy )

Pptd amorphous CiCOj dissolves 11
pts hea water Pptd crybtallmo CaC<
solves in 8000 pts sea water (Irvn
Young, Chum boc 56 344)

Artificial sea water sat with CO 2 di
iaC03 corresponding to 57 27 mg of
Dined C02 per litre at 15°

Sea water which contains 52-55 mg n
combined C02 per litre must be sat

C03 (Cohen Chem hoc 1900, ,
725)

For action of H2C03+Aq, see CV
hydrogen carbonate

lated

18°

CaO

1915,

12°

ing
lum

ater

1()00
dis-
xnd

)lves
om-

it ral
with

C \RBONATE, CALCIUM

181

Sol in H2SO4, even when native Sol in
acids generally When treated with acids in
closed vessels effervescence ceases on increase
of pressure, but is renewed at once on remov-
ing it (Link, 1814 )

Unacted upon by cone HNO*, even when
boiling, as Ca(NG3)2 is IDSO! in cone HNO3

Not decomp by mixture of 1 pt H2SOj and
6 pts absolute alcohol, but immediately by
HNOs+absolute alcohol

Not decomp by absolute alcoholic solutions
of oxalic, racemic, tartanc, citric, or glacial
acetic acids (Babmgton and Phillips, 1816 )

Unacted upon by glacial HC2H302, even
when boiling

Freshly pptd CaCO3issol in cold NH4C1+
Aq; but the solution becomes cloudy on ex-
posure to air, a portion, however, of CaC03
remains dissolved, which cannot be pptd even
by boiling If ppt is washed and allowed to
stand 24 hours, it is not as sol m NH4C1 as
at first, but natural CaC03 is not wholly
insol in NH4Cl-fAq, it is, however, much
less sol than MgC03 (Vogel, J pr 7 453 )

Sol in boiling NH4Cl+Aq with evolution
of NH3 (Demarcay, 1834 )

When NH4OH+Aq, incompletely sat with
CO 2, is mixed with CaCl2+Aq, no ppt occurs
even during several days if kept in a closed
vessel, and only a slight ppt if the mixture
is exposed to the air, but CaC03 is pptd if
the solution is boiled

NH4OH+Aq wholly sat with C02 pro-
duces ppt when mixed with CaCla+Aq, but
pptn is not complete until heat is applied
Also when an excess of CaCl2+Aq is added to
a solution of crystallized carbonate of am-
monia, orly a portion of the CaCO3 is pptd
until the solution is boiled (Vogel, 1814 )

When CaCh+Aq mixed with NH4OH+Aq
it, exposed to an atrnos of pure CO 2, no ppt
occurb for several houis, but CaC03 is com-
plc tcly pptd in several days (Vogel )

When recently pptd , leadily sol in NH4C1,
md NH4NO3-f Aq (Brett 1837, Wacken-
rodcr, A 41 315 )

When recently pptd , readily sol in
(NH4)CO,, (NH4)j>04, NH4N03, NH4C1,
UK I NH4 Hucunate+Aq (Wittstem )

Sol m NH4C2HjOi+Aq (Thomson )

Moic bol in NH<C1, or NH<N03+Aq, or
in nuitiil potassium, or sodium salts+Aq
th in m 1 1 /) ( lu os( mus >

Inoin solutions in NH4 salts, NH4OH, and
(NH4) C()a+Aq pucipitate CaC03 more
completely thin BaCO^ (Presemus )

When boiled with NH4Cl+Aq, CaC03 is
dissolve d, ind (NH4)jCOa given off (D
Smith )

C iC!2+Aq pi events pptn of CaC03 in the
cold is do dbo NH4C1, KC1, or NaCl-f Aq,
but it ib pptd when boiled, if the latter solu-
tionb ire not too cone K2SO/, KN03|
(NH,) SO/, or Na2SO4-|-Aq have a similar
effect A large excess of (NH4)2C03+Aq
when quickly added to CaCl2+Aq produces

no ppt in the cold Na2CO3, or K2CO*+Aq
act likewise (Storer, Am J Sci (2) 25 41 )

1 g CaC03 requires 13 98 g NH4C1, 8 380
g (NH4)2$04, or 14438 g NH4NO3 to effect
solution (Bertrand, Momt Sci (3) 10 477 )

Less sol in Na than in NH4 salts, but more
than in K salts (Berthelot )

When NH4OH+Aq, partially neutralized
by C02, is mixed with Ca02H2-|-Aq, no
cloudiness appears until the mixture is boiled,
when more C02 has been added to NH4OH-f
Aq a ppt appears at first, which disappears
and only reappears on addition of much
Ca02H2+Aq, but NH4OH-fAq does not
dissolve ppta CaC03 (Vogel)

Solubility in NH4 salts+Aq at 25°

NH4 salt

Milhmols
NEU salt
per 1

Millimols
CaO dis-
solved per 1

NH4C1

1000

500
250
125

6 770
5 008
3 724
2 743

NH4NO3

500
250
125
62 5

5 267
3 830
2 779
2 004

Tnammomum citrate

500
250
125
62 5

66 87
39 80
22 64
14 92

(Rindell, Z phys Ch 1909, 70 454 )

Solubility of CaCO3 m NH4Cl+Aq at 12-18°
Time, 98 days

K per 1 of sat solution

NH<O1

CaCO,

53 5
100
200

0 423
0 609
0 645

(Cantoni and Gogueha, Bull Soc 1905, (i)
33 27)

Solubility of CaCO3 m NH4NO

it 1S°

t p( r 1 of sat solution

NHiNOi

CaC<h

0
5
10
20
40
SO

0 131
0 211
0 25S
0 340
0 4b2
0 584

(Benu and Kosmmiko, Landw Vers
1904,60 422)

Sta

182

CARBONATE, CALCIUM

Ca02H2+Aq dissolves a little CaC03
(Welter and Berthollet, 1789 )
Ca02H2+Aq retains a little CaC03 in solu-
tion at ordinary temperature, which is pptd
on boiling (Eliot and Storer. Proc Am Acad
I860, 6 63 )
Ca02H2+Aq, mixed with dil NaOH, KOH,
or NH4OH-j-Aq, gives no immediate ppt
when CO 2 is passed through it, unless boiled
Sol in boiling MgCl2+Aq even when dilute
Couste* )
Not decomp when boiled with K2S04,
Na2S04, CaS04, MgSO4, and Na2B4O +Aq,
but partially decomp by boiling with
(NH4)2S04, K2S03, Na2S08, (NH4)2S03,
Na2HP04, (NH4)2HP04, K2HP03, Na2HP03,
(NH4)2HP03; K2HAs04, NasAs04, K2C204,
(NH4)2C204, NaF, and K2CrO4-f Aq With
the NH4 salts the decomposition is complete
(Dulong, A ch 82 286)
Not decomp by alkali sulphates -fAq
(Malaguti )
Precipitation of CaCO3 is much hmdered
by alkali citrates or metaphosphates

Solubility in KCl-fAq at 25°

Solubilitj in K2S04+Aq at 25C

Sp gr 25 /25° % K2SO4 % C Os

1 010 1 60 0 04
1 021 3 15 0 16
1 033 4 73 0 32
1 048 6 06 0 48
1 061 7 85 0 68
1 069 8 88 0 ( 92
1 083 10 18 0 ( 92
1 084 10 48 0 ( 88

(Cameron and Robinson, J phys "'hem
1907, 11 578 )

The solubility of CaCO3 in Na2S 4+Aq
in equilibrium with air steadily increa, 3 with
increasing amounts of CaSO4 in the lution
up to saturation point of the CaS04 tn the
presence of solid CaSO4 the solub ty of
CaCCa is much decreased (Camer i and
Seidell, J phys Chem 1902, 6 56 )
See under CaH2(C03)

Solubility in Na2SO4+Aq in conta with
C02 free air at 25°

g per 100 g H2O

Sp gr 25°/25°

%KC1

% CaCOs

Naa^O CaCO

1 000
1 024
1 046
1 072
1 092
1 101
1 122
1 133
1 179

0 00
3 90
7 23
11 10
13 82
15 49
18 21
19 84
26 00

0 0013
0 0078
0 0078
0 0076
0 0072
0 0076
0 0070
0 0072
0 0060

0 97 0 0151
1 65 0 0180
4 90 0 0262
12 69 0 0313
14 55 0 0322
19 38 0 034b
23 90 0 03b()

(Cameron, Bell iiul Robinson, I ph » Ch
1907, 11 3% )

Solubility m silts + Aq

(Cameron and Robinson, J phys Chem
1907, 11 578 )

Solubility in NaCl+Aq in contact with CO2
free air at 25C

j. silt uld< ( p< r lit n

in*, CaO li ihul
p< r lit

Sp j_r 2 ) /2o

g per 100 ». M O

0 000

17 4

NaCl

CtiCOi

0 5S5 g \ iCI
1 17 g
293s

20 0
,24 <)
>1 1

1 0079
1 0314
1 0466
1 0734
1 0949
1 1346
1 1794

1 (>0
5 18
9 25
11 4S
1(> fib
22 04
30 50

0 (079
0 COSb
0 0094
0 0104
0 OKX)
d 0115
0 0110

0 85 K N iNO,
1 70
4 25

24

27 7
it r>

0 S05 g NiS()4, 10M ()
1 61 g
4(>3«

25 <)
\\ 1

\(} 7

(Cameron, Bell and Hobinbon, J ph>s Ch
1907, 11 3% )

Solubility of C iCOi in N iOH-f \q

0 53« N i CO,
1 Ob S
2 65 g

S 4
7 2
4 4

Soh ent

1 Iitn dissolve s

at IS

at <)> 100

H 0
< a 0 0001 n NaOH
(a 0001 n NaOH
(a 001 n NaOH

12 S niK CiiOOi
S7
42
4 3

207 ing CtCOs
<) ()
(> t)
)7

0 55 g C id,, (>H20
1 10 g
2 75 g

9 0
S 4
8 4

fLe Blanc, Z anorg 1906, 51 185 )

The solubility of CaCO-, m CO2-frf water

CARBONATE, CALCIUM HYDROGEN

183

is therefore increased by the addition of
NaCl, NaNO3 or Na2S04, 10H2O, but de-
creased by the addition of Na2COs or CaCl2,
6H20

(Gothe, Ch Z 1915, 39 306 )

Sol in feme chloride or nitrate +Aq with
evolution of CO2 and pptn of Fe2O6H6 (Fuchs,
1831) , also in chlorides or nitrates of Al, Mn,
Cr, or U, but not in FeQ2-|-Aq

Sol in cold SnCl4+Aq with pptn of Sn02

Insol in cone Na2S04, MgSO4, BaCl2,
MgCl2, Pb(N03)2, or AgNO3+Aq (Kar-
sten)

Abundantly sol when freshly precipitated
in CaCl +Aq, and MgSO4+Aq (Hunt )

Absolutely insol at 15-19° In Ba02H2 +
Aq, also on boiling

1 1 H20 containing 3-4 g MgSO4 dissolves
1-2 g CaCOg, and also 1 g MgCO3 (Hunt,
Am J Sci (2) 26 109 )

100 pts NaCl+Aq (2 525% NaCl) dissolve
0 0037 pt (calculated as CaO) pptd CaC03,
and 00053 pt calcspar (Lubavin, J russ
Soc 24 389)

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 827 )

Insol m liquid CO* (Buchner, Z phys
Ch 1906,54 674)

Alcohol dissolves traces of CaCO3 (Gns-
chow )

Sol in Na citiate+Aq (Spiller )

Sol in Ca sucrate+Aq (Barreswill )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4429)

Insol in acetone and in methylal (Eid-
imnn, C C 1899,11 1014)

Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1 W), 42 4790 )

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1<)10,43 H4)

\\nvt i>hou& Solubility in H20 cannot be
(l(t(imm«l bu iusc of itb instability (Ken-
el ill Phil Mis 1912, (6)23 972)

Mm (<ildt( In (ont ict with air fiee from
( (> 11HO dissolves at

>r>°

OOm*

r>0°
001504

100°
0 01770 g cilcite

Phil Mag 1912, ((>) 23 9b4 )

In (out u t with in containing 3 7 pts CO2
jxi 1(),(K)() (lu solubility of cilcitc m H2()
u is found to !>< 0 (MOOS j> p< i 1 at 25° ind
002<)25g jKil it "30° (1\( udall, Phil M ig
1<>12 (0) 23 <)7i)

Mm Aim/omit In (ontut with a-ir free
fiom ( O2 11 HO <Ubsolv(s a,t

r)0°

100°

+5H2O Efflorescent
-f 6HoO (Pelouze )

Calcium hydrogen carbonate, CaH2(C03)2
Known only m aqueous solution
CaC03 dissolves m CO2+Aq

CaCO3 is sol in 1428 pts H2O sat with CO at 0°
and 1136 pts at 10 (Lassaigne J ch med 4 312 }

Bineau could dissolve even r t y< quantities of
HaO sat with CO only </5 > v C < 0 to form
CaHa(C03)2

Chalk dissolves in 994 5 pts HO sat with CO*
while Iceland spar requires 3149 pts (Bischof )

CaCOs is sol in 1015 pts H2O sat with CO at 21°
and 748 3 mm (Wanngton Chem Soc 6 296 )

Solubility of CaC03 m C02-fAq at p pressure
m atmospheres CaO+CO2— mg C02
and CaO dissolved, corresponding to
CaC03=mg CaC08

p

CaO+COa

CaCOs

0 000504

60 96

74 6

0 000808

72 11

85 0

0 00333

123

137 2

0 03187

218 4

223 1

0 0282

310 4

296 5

0 05008

408 5

360

0 1422

533

0 2538

1072

663 4

0 4167

1500

787 5

0 5533

1846

885 5

0 7297

2270

972

0 9841

2864

1086

(Schlosmg, C R 74 1522 )

With high pressure, 1 1 H20 containing CO *
dissolves at most 3 g CaCOs This maximum
is reached at 5° under 4 atmospheres' pres-
sure, at 10-13° under 5 atmospheres, and at
20° under 7 atmospheres (Caro, Arch
Pharm (3)4 145)

CaCO3 is sol in about 1000 pts H2C03+
Aq, and solubility is considerably increased
by Na2SO4 or MgS04

1000 pts H20 sat with CO2 dissolve pts
Carrara marble at t°, and B = height of
barometei m milhmeti es

00152S OOU)17 0 01902 g aiagomtc
(Kind ill, Phil Mag 1912, (6) 23 964 )

t°

B

Pts
CaCO<

t

B

Pts
CaOh

7 5
8 5
9 5
20 5
21 5

754
752

754
741
744

1 224
1 202
1 115
0 975
0 935

22 0
26 0
2b 5

27 0
28 0

746
740
743
741
737

0 920
0 875
0 860
0 885
0 770

Or, from 7 5-9 5°, 1000 pts H2O sat with
CO2 dissolve 1 181 pts CaC03, from 205-
22°, 0 9487 pt CaCO , from 2b-28°, 0 855 pt
CaCOa

184

CARBONATE, CALCIUM HYDROGEN

Other varieties of CaCO8 are dissolved as
follows in 1000 pts H20 sat with C02

Variety

Luneburg chalk

Pptd CaC03

Iceland spar

Calcite

Traversella

Dolomite, semi-trans-
parent

Dolomite, opaque, in
small crystals

Dolomite, opaque, in
large crystals

Dolomite, transparent,
in large crystals

Oohthic limestone

Dolomitic limestone

18
18
18
12
12

11 5
11 5
11

11
15
15 5

740
740
735
754
754

749
755
746

749
747
740

Pts
CaCOs

0 835

0 950

1 970
1 223

212

0 654

0 725
224

1 073
252
573

(Cossa, Z anal 8 145 )

Solubility of CaCOs in H20 containing C02
at various pressures

CO2 pressure in atm
Solubility

1 2

1079 1403

4 6
1820 2109

(Engel, C R 1885, 101 951 )

I 1 H20 dissolves 03850 g CaH2(CO3)2
at 15° (Treadwell, Z anorg 1898, 17 186 )

I 1 of sat CaH2(C03)2+Aq, obtained from
pure or impure limestone, contains 1 13- 1 17

? CaCOs at 15° (Treadwell, Z anorg 1898,
7 189)

Solubility of CaH2(C03)2 in H20 containing
CO2 at 15C

carbonic
acid in gas
at 0 and
760mm

Hg
partial
pressure
mm

Free car-
bonic acid
mg

CaHm(CO3)2
in 100 cc of
the solution

mg Ca.

8 94

67 9

157 4

187 2

46 2

6 04

45 9

86 3

175 5

43 3

5 45

41 4

52 8

159 7

39 4

2 18

16 6

48 5

154 0

38 0

1 89

14 4

34 7

149 2

36 8

1 72

13 1

24 3

133 1

32 9

0 79

6 0

14 5

124 9

30 8

0 41

3 1

4 7

82 1

20 3

0 25

1 9

2 9

59 5

14 7

0 08

0 6

40 2

9 9

38 5

9 5

38 5

9 5

38 5

9 5

(Treadwell and Reuter, Z anorg 1898, 17
185)

1 1 HoO sat with carbonic acid di
130 g CaC03 at 132°, 1 45 g a
(Treadwell, Z anorg 1898, 17 189 )

At 30° C in equilibrium with the
more than 3 per cent of the calcium j
is combined as CaC03 At lower te
tures and lesser concentrations the p
age of normal carbonate is even less, am
tically all the calcium present is cor
as Ca(HC03)2 (Cameron and Bnj
phys Chem 1901, 5 549 )

With pressures less than 4 5 atmoc
of C02 no other than normal calciu]
bonate or a hydrate of the normal car
can exist as the solid phase at 0° (Cai
J phys Chem 1908, 12 566 )

Solubility in H20 in contact with au
taming C02 with varying partial
sures at t°
P= partial pressure of C02

t=lo

0 8

1 5
1 7
6 8
9 9

13 6

14 6
31 6

g perl

CaCO

0 193
0 193
0 238
0 445
0 627
0 723

0 686

1 050

CO,

0 7

1 b
4 6
7 8

16 5
30 1
35 5

K per I

CaCOh

0 159
0 177
0 341
0 446
0 539
0 74*
0 755

CO

0 0

1 7

2 9

3 5
7

14 9
22 2
31 7

K IM r 1

C uf ( ) i

0 U(>

0 Hi
0 175
0 232
0 2S4
0 *S4
0 427
0 480

( o

olves

28°

, not
esent
pera-
cent-
prac-
>med
s, J

beres

car-

>nate

Bron,

con-
pres-

0 1]
0 V
0 1,
0 K
0 4£
0 5C

0 6:

1 11

0 ()c
0 11
0 2(
0 31
0 52
0 71
0 SO

0 07
0 OS
0 10
0 Id
0 23
0 29
0 33
0 47

Similar results at 20°, 30°, ind 35° u ilso
given
(Leather and ben, Mom Dcpt Agric (j did)

Chem Ser 1909, 1 117, Soidoll, Sc ibil-

ities, 1919 )

CARBONATE, CALCIUM HYDROGEN

185

Solubility
with

"P ~~ inn

of calcite m H2O at 25°, in contact
CO2 under varying pressures
roximate pressure of CO2 m afcmos-

Solubility in NaCl-fAq at 25° C and in
equilibrium with air

r ajjjj

pheres

Ca(HCOs)2

NaCl

Grams
per liter

Reacting wts
per liter

Grams
per liter

Reacting
wts per
litre

p

g per 1 sat solution

Solid phase

HC03

Ca(HC03)2

0 1046
0 1770
0 2051
0 2152
0 2252
0 2212
0 2172
0 1971
0 1569
0 1227

0 00065
0 00110
0 00128
0 00134
0 00140
0 00138
0 00135
0 00123
0 00095
0 00076

0 000
9 720
21 010
30 301
50 620
69 370
98 400
147 400
234 500
262 300

0 000
0 168
0 362
0 522
0 872
1 195
1 695
2 540
4 040
4 520

0 1
1 1
9 9
13 ?
16 3
25 4

0 22
2 3
20 6
27 5
34 1
53 2

0 67
1 58
3 62
4 04
4 21
4 22

CaC03

it

it
it

Ca(HCO3)2

(McCoy and Smith, J Am Chem Soc 1911,
33 468 )

1 1 H2O dissolves 2 3374 g CaC08 at 5°
under a C02 pressure of 2 atmos (Ehlert,
Z Elektrochem 1912, 18 727 )

Solubility data for calcite m H20 contain-
ing CO , with and without the presence of
salts are given by Seyler and Lloyd (Chem
Soc 1909, 95 346 )

A cutical analysis and recalculation of re-
sults of Schloesmg and others is given by
Johnston (J Am Chem Soc 1915, 37 2001)

CaC03 is not dissolved by C02 and H2O in
presence of MgCO j (Leather and Sen, C A
1915 181 )

1 1 of 1/10-normal NaCl+Aq dissolves
03320 g CaH2(OO3)2 at 15° (TreadweU
ind Renter Z anorg 1898, 17 193 )

Solubility of CaH2(CO3)2 in NaCl+Aq sat
\vith caibomc acid at 15°, containing 5 g
NaClporl ofNaCl+Aq

(Cameron and Seidell, J phys Chem 1902,
6 51)

Solubility in various salts +Aq under a CO2
pressure of 2 atmos at 5°

*/( < arbonu

Utl(l HI k IS

at 0 ind
7<><) mm

mm UK ~
partial
prtHHim

m«
fix I CO;

ing
CiH CO
i i ' <
the solution

mg
Ca

1<> <))

12S S

132 5

218 4

53 9

11 47

87 2

110 1

214 3

52 9

t> 07

4(> 1

23 5

149 2

36 8

3 1(>

24 0

13 5

US 3

29 2

0 r>()

5 S

2 7

73 9

18 2

0 41

3 4

0 3

49 0

12 1

34 9

8 0

33 7

8 3

32 9

8 1

33 2

8 2

(Lie ulwcll ind RcuUi, Z morg 1898, 17
193)

Salt

g salt per
1000 « H2O

g CaCOs sol
mil of solvent

H20

2 3374

MgCl2+6H20

6 08
50 0
86 0
350 0
700 0
1150 0
1725 0
2300 (sat )

2 3518
3 4045
4 0826
3 3009
2 7357
2 2054
1 7058
1 4060

NaCl

27 96
50 0
86 0
106 9
175 6
263 4
351 2

3 2796
3 7399
3 7828
3 6900
3 3495
2 8107
2 1625 at 8°

MgSO4+7HO

105 3 (14°)
sat at 14°

2 1768
0 91356

Na2S04 + 10H20

137 7 (14°)
sat at 14°

1 4060
1 9199

(Ehlert and Hempel, Z Elektrochem 1912,
18 727)

Solubility of CaCOs m RCl-t-Aq at 25° sat
with CO at atmospheric pressure

% KCl

% CaCOs

3 90
7 23
11 10
13 82
15 49
18 21
19 84
26 00

0 145
0 150
0 166
0 165
0 167
0 154
0 140
0 126

(Cameron and Robinson, J phys Chem
1907, 11 579 )

186

CARBONATE, CALCIUM COPPER URANIUM

Solubility m NaCl-j-Aq m contact with CO
at atmospheric pressure at 25°

Calcium magnesium carbonate. CaO »,
MgC03
Min Dolomite 1 1 H20 sat with C >2 at
18° and 750 mm dissolves 0 31 g dol cute
(Cossa, B 2 697 )
Not obtained by evaporating solutio but
can be crystallized from C02+Aq be reen
100° and 200° (Hoppe-Seyler )
Dolomite is dissolved by C02 and I20,
but solution is prevented partially by C UOS,
and wholly by MgC03 (Leather anc Sen.
C A 1916 181 )
Insol in cold dil acids (Dolomi< . J
Phys 39 1 )
Insol in cold acetic acid (Forchharr ier )

g per 100 g HuO

N-*C1

CaCOa

1 45
5 69
11 08
15 83
19 62
?9 89
35 85

0 150
0 160
0 174
0 172
0 159
0 123
0 103

(Cameron, Bell and Robinson, J phys Ch
1907, 11 396 )

Solubility m K2S04+Aq, sat with C02 a
atmospheric pressure and 25° temp

%S03

% CaO

0 69
1 37
1 67
2 18
2 99

0 69
0 69
0 47*
0 30*
0 24*

* Solid phase, CaS04, K2SO4

(Cameron and Robinson )

Solubility in Na2SO4+Aq at 24° m equili-
brium with air

Total Ca calc
asCa(HCOa)2
Grams per liter

Ca actually
dissolved as
Ca(HCO3)2
Grams per liter

Na2SO4
Grams per liter

0 0925

0 0925

0 000

0 1488

0 1488

2 800

0 1729

0 1729 +

5 235

0 2330

0 2210

11 730

0 3240

0 3020

36 860

0 3960

0 3440

74 010

0 4580

0 3660

116 100

0 5630

0 3940

184 200

0 5910

0 4060

213 700

0 6650

0 4300

255 900

(Cameron and Seidell, J phys Chcrn 1902,
6 53)

Data aie also givon foi solubility of C iGOd
m NaCl+Na2S04+Aq, and CaCO3+CaSO4
m NaCl+Na2S04+Aq (Cum ion, Bell md
Robinson )

Calcium copper uranium carbonate, CaCO<,

3CuC03, 4U(CO<)2+24H2O
Sol in acids

Calcium lead carbonate, zCaCO3, z/PbCOj

Mm Plumbocalcite

Calcium potassium carbonate, CaK2(CC
Decornp by H20 (Reynolds, Chem 3oc

1898, 73 265, Butschh, C A 1907 ' 23)
2CaC03, 3K2COS+6H20 (Butschh )

Calcium sodium carbonate, CaNa2(C03
Anhydrous Decomp by H20
-f 2H20 (Butschh, C A 1907 222C
4-5H20 Mm Gaylusnte Sparingl sol

mH2O

Calcium uranyl carbonate, CaCO3. UO C 3 +

20H20

Mm Liebigite Sol in HCl+Aq
H-rcH2O Decomp by H O (Bin off,

Dissert 1900)
2CaO, 4UOj, 3002+24H/) Dccom] by

H20 (Blmkoff, Dissert 1900 )

Jalcium carbonate chloride, CiC03, Gi< 2 +
6H20

(John )

, K C

Sol in 30% K2
norg 1904, 41 103 )

up

Sol in H/") with unm«liit( df(
Fnfczsche, J pi 83 21 3 )

lerous carbonate, C< (CO,) 1 + 5, md <)1 )

Insol in H/), and solution of ( ()2 in ()

Vauquclm )

Somewhat sol in (NH4) CO, + \q ( J< n)

Insol in noutral silt solutions ind n< i i tl

Ikah (aibonit(b+A(), ( isily sol in S< -f

q (Btithur A <h ( 3) 7 77 )

ieric carbonate, Cc (CO,) + » 2II ( )
Precipitate (Hisin^i, \ <h 94 10S
Insol m HO Sol in slight li t« in

STa2CO,-hA<i, si sol in NiIL(0,+ \<|, nd

n (NH4) C(), + Aq (Ros< )

t<

by

erous lanthanum carbonate fluoride

Mm ttalJMMtt, IIfnn(iihl( J/i/<in>fln<><(
lowly (Uconip by II(l+\q < isily

[ S04

erous potassium carbonate, Co (C< )3
KC08H-iH20

Ppt

Ppt
(Mo\(i. Z

CARBONATE, CUPRIC, BASIC

187

Percenc potassium carbonate, Ce203(C03)3,

4K2C03+12H20

Crystalline SI sol m H20 containing
K2C03, sol in dil H2S04 with decomp
(Job, C R 1899, 128 1098 )

Cerous sodium carbonate, Ce2(C03)3,
2Na2CO3+2H2O

Ppt (John )

2Ce2(C03)3, 3Na2C03+24H20(?) Ppt
Easily decomp (Meyer, Z anorg 1904, 41
103)

Chromous carbonate, CrCO3

Sol in much H2O, si sol in KHC03+Aq
(Moberg, J pr 44 328, Moissan, A ch (5)
21 199)

Chromic carbonate, basic, Cr203, 2C02

Precipitate (Parkmann, Sill Am J (2)
34 321)

Cr203, C02+4H2O Insol m H20, sol in
acids, when freshly pptd is sol m K2C03, or
(NH4)2C03+Aq, and still more sol m KOH
+Aq (Meissner )

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1910, 43 314), methyl acetate (Naumann.
B 1909,42 3790)

2Ci203, CO2+6H2O Precipitate (Lang-
lois, A ch (3)48 502)

Chromous potassium carbonate,

CrCO,, K CO3 + 1HHO
Sol in H O when freshly picpaied, slowly
polyrnori/c s stiblc m dry an, decomp in
moist an sol in K ids with decomp (Baugc,
C R 1S<)S, 126 1%S)

Chromous sodium carbonate, CiNa2(CO3h +
HO

l)((ornp when h< itcd In \ej solution,
pisses into tin hydi itc ( out lining 10 mols
HO (Binge ( R 1S97 125 1179)

+ 10 HO Veiysol in cold II O, Aq solu
lion d( < oinj) Ix low 100° ( fH ore sec b in the air
sol in IK l+\(, ind II S(), + Aq "
C K 1S()7, 125 117S)

Cobaltous carbonate, basic, )(<>(), 2CO +
HI O

Insol in II O sol in (Nil,) SO4,
(MI,) ( ()„ NIl,NO,, ind NHiGl + Aq

Sol in (old NH<NO{, ind NII4Cl+\q
(Bi< tt 1837 )

Sol in ( O + \ei ind i< id ilk ih c ubon ite s
•} \q Ironi whieh it is pptd on boiling
V(iysl sol in < one NijCOj, 01 K^COj+Aq
lugelysol in (NH4) C(), + Aq, incl putly sol
in NH4OH+ Vci (Bei/chus)

Nol pj)t(l fioin solutions containing N
e itr ite (Spille i )

4( oO, CO +4H O Ppt (Bee tz )

+ iJI/> (Moigcn, C C 1905,1 *

Cobaltous carbonate, basic, 3GoO, CO2+
2H2O

(Meigen, C C 1905, I 1363 )

3H2O (Rose, Pogg 84 551 )

3CoO, 2CO2+4H20 (Bratin, Z anal 6
76)

2CoO, C02+3KH2O Converted into
5CoO, 2CO +4H2O by H2O (Beetz )

Cobaltous carbonate, CoC03

Anhydrous Not attacked by cold cone
HC1, or HNOs+Aq (Senarmont, A ch (3)
30 129)

Insol m liquid NH8 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898,20 827)

Mm Sphoerocobaltite SI attacked by cold
HN08, or HCl+Aq

+2/3H2O Sol m acids (DeviUe,A ch (3)
33 95)

+6H2O (Deville )

Decomp by H2O with formation of a basic
carbonate (Berzehus )

Cobaltous potassium carbonate, CoC03,
KoC03+4H2O

Decomp by HoO (Deville, A ch (o) 33
90)

Ppt Decomp by H2O (Reynolds, Chem
Soc 1898, 73 264 )

CoC03, KHCO +4H 0 Decomp by
H20 (Deville )

Cobaltous sodium carbonate, CoCOs, Na C03

+4H20, and 10H2O

Deoomp by H2O (Deville, A ch ( 3) 33
75)

Cupnc carbonate, basic

T h( compounds produced by pptn of
copper solutions by caibonates are unstiblc
ind po&sebb varying bolubihtios in solutions
of C(>2 On tuatment with solutions of CO
these bubst inccb pass ovci into an ipp irently
btabh compound iH)bscssing a definite solu-
bility in solutioiib of CO of dchmte fonoon-
tration, which solubility moit ises with the
conccnti ition of CO2 Solubility of this
(ornpound m vtuoiib sill-,— \q is recorded
(lice, J Am Chom NM l<)0^, 30 1^74)

SCuO, CO +5HaO (Deville, A <h (3)
33 75)

(>C nO, CO ( IMC Id, Chun Soc 14 70)

KJuO, CO +211 O (I wic, \ eh ( ») 10
119 )

r)Cu(), 2CO,+bHO (Stuivc )

2CuO, CO2+lljO Iiibol m JI2(), ( isily
sol in iculs, even H2SOs+Aq, si sol m
H2C(), + Aq, 50,720 pts of the solution con
t lining 1 pt ( uO (Jihn ) Sol m 4b(J() pts
HjCO^+Aq sit at 4-b atmos pussinc
(Wignci ) Sol m 3S»pts sat H2CO +Aq
(Lissaignc , J eh mcd 4 312)

Sol in NH4 balts+Aq Partially sol in
Na2CO{j or K^COa+Aq, ind more sol in

188

CABBONATE, COPPER POTASSIUM, B4.SIC

NaHC03, or KHC03+Aq, sol m (NH4)2C03
H-Aq (Favre, A ch (3) 10 18 )

Less sol in (NH4) C08-fAq than CuO in
NH4OH+Aq (Thomson, 1831) Sol in
KCN-fAq (Berzelms) Sol in NH4C1, or
NH4N03-fAq (Brett)

Sol in feme salts with pptn of Fe206H6

Insol in hq NH3 (Frankhn and Kraus,
Am Ch J 1898, 20 827 )

Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910, 43 314 )

Insol m acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Sol in ethyl amme carbonate +Aq
(Wurtz)

Sol in cane sugar +Aq (Peschier, Repert
1820, 6 85 )

Not pptd from solutions containing sodium
citrate (Spiller )

Insol in pyndine (Schroeder, Dissert
1901 )

TMm Malachite Sol in acids, and NH4OH

(Groger, Z anorg

•f 2H2O (Favre )
8CuO, 5C02-h7H20
1900,24 137)
3CuO, 2C02+H2O Insol in H20

Sol

, 22 2

in NH4OH+Aq, also in hot cone NaHC03+
Aq

Mm Azwzte

opper potassium carbonate, basic, 8CuO,
2K2C03, 7C02+17H20

Ppt , decomp by H20
34 430)

(Groger, B 1901,

Mixture ("Wood and Jones, C A 1907
2667)

5CuO, 4CO2, K2C03-f-10H2O Decomp
by H 0 (Deulle, A ch (3) 33 102)

Cupnc potassium carbonate, CuCO3, K2C03
Decomp by H2O (Wood and Jones, C A
1907 2667 )

4-H20 (Wood and Jones )
-f4HoO Decomp by H2O
Chem Soc 1898, 73 263 )

(Reynolds,

,
Could not be obtained (Wood and Jones )

2CuCO3, K23
(Wood and Jones )

Decornp by H2O

Cupnc sodium carbonate, CuCO3, Na CO3

Not d,ecomp by cold H2O
49 218 )
+3H2O

(Debriy. C R

Cupnc zinc carbonate, 2CuO, 3ZnO. 2CO2-f

3H O, or 3CuO, 9ZnO, 4C02+8H2O
Mm Aunchalcite Easily sol mHCl-|-Aq

Cupric carbonate ammonia (cuprammomum

carbonate), CuC03, 2NH3
Decomp by H2O Insol m alcohol and
ether Sol m (NH4)2C03+Aq (Favre, A
ch (3J10 116)

Didymium carbonate, Di2(CO3)3+H20, or
6H2O

Insol m H20 Only traces dissolve in ( D2
+Aq Insol in solutions of alkali carbon es
or bicarbonates+Aq (Marignac, A ch 3)
38 166 ) Very si sol in cone NH4C1+ q
(Rose )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 7
4329)

+8H2O (Cleve, Bull Soc (2) 43 363

Didymium potassium carbonate, Di2(CC
K2C03+4H20

Insol in H20 (Cleve, Bull Soc (2)
363)

+12H20 (Cleve)

Didymium sodium carbonate, 2Di2(CC

3Na2C03-f9H20
Ppt (Cleve )
Di2(C08)3,2Na2C03+8H20 Ppt (Cle

Dysprosium carbonate, Dy2(C03)3+4H20

Insol in H20 (Jantsch, B 1911, i
1277 )

Erbium carbonate, Er203, 2CO2-f2H2O
Insol m H 0 (Hoglund )

Erbium sodium carbonate, Ei (C03)3,

5Na2C03+36H2O
Efflorescent Decomp by H2O

Gadolinium carbonate, basic, Gd(OH)CO

Ppt (Benedicks, Z dnorg 1900, 22 4]

Glucmum carbonate, basic, iGlO, CO2, 4G ).

\

um caronate, asic, ,

CO2, 5G1O, CO +5HO, < tc

Not perceptibly sol in H (> or H2C()A-\-
Decomp by boiling H () ]< i^ily sol in u
Sol m NH4 salts, and KOH, 01 N i()H+
Sol m alk ih (arbonitcs, <sp((i
(NH4)2CO3+Aq (Vciuqudui) SI sol
K2CO8+Aq When solution in (NH4)2C
ib boiled, i moi( basu cirbouatc is pij
(Robe )

Glucmum carbonate, GlGOj+4H O
Efflorescent Sol in 278 ptb H O (Mat

J pi 106 242)

Insol in liquid NH, (Gon, Am Gh

1898, 20 828 )
No definite carbonate of glucmum exi

(Cameron, J phys Chem 1908, 12 572 )

CARBONATE, LANTHANUM

189

Glucinum potassium carbonate, 3G1C03,

Easily sol in H20, but decomp by boiling
(Debray ) Less easily sol in alcohol

Indium carbonate, In2(C08)3

Ppt Insol m K2C03, or Na^COs-fAq
Sol in (NH4)2C08-f-Aq (Winkler, J pr
94 1)

100 pts H2C03+Aq dissolve 072 pt
FeC03 (Wagner )

FeCO3 dissolves in 1381 pts H20 saturated
with CO2, under a pressure of 4-6 atmos-
pheres (Wagner, J B 1867 135)

1 1 EUO dissolves 6 1907 g FeC03 (pure)
under a C02 pressure of 2 atmos (F1 *
" Elektrochem 1912, 18 728 )

Iron (feme) carbonate, basic
9Fe203, C02-t-12H20 (Wallace, Chem
Gaz 1858 410)
3Fe203, CO2-H4H20, and 8H20 (Barrat,
C N 1 110)
+6H20 (Wallace )
2Fe208 COa-KJ^HoO (Rother, Pharm
J Trans (3) 4 576 )
Fe208, C02 (Parkmann, SiU Am J (2)
34 321 )
These and other similar basic salts are ppts ,
easily decomp on standing into Fe2OeH6

Iron (ferrous) carbonate, FeC03
Insol inH20
Sol in acids, even in H2C03H-Aq
See Carbonate, ferrous hydrogen

Mm Sidente Spathic ore SI attacked by
dil acids Sol in H2C03+Aq under pressure
Insol in NH4C1, or NH4NOS +Aq (Brett )
+H20 SI sol m H20, easily sol in acids,
sol inHgCOs-hAq
Sol mNH4Cl+Aq Sol m ferric salts -f-Aq
\vith evolution of CO2 and pptn of Fe2OeH6
Soluble in an aqueous solution of cane sugar

Solubility m salts-fAq free from C02

Solubility in various salts+Aq in presence of
C02 under pressure of 2 atmos

Salt

With CO of 2 atmos pressure

g salt per 1000
g H-O

1 1 of solvent
dissolves
g FeCOs

H20

6 1907

NaCl

50
106 9
175 6
263 4
351 2

MgCl2+
6H20

86 9
700 0
1150 0
1437 5
1725 0
23000

5 8403
4 5553
4 4587
4 6934
5 3975
9 0524

Na2S04
+10H20

137 7
sat at +14°

7 9428
9 5780

MgS04+
7H20

105 3

sat at +18°

6 2423
7 3922

(Ehlert, Z Elektrochem 1912, 18 728 )

A bicarbonate of ferrous iron is not formed
under pressures of C02 up to 5 atmospheres
at 0° (Cameron, J phys Chem 1908, 12
571)

Iron (ferrous) magnesium carbonate, FeC03,
MgC03
Mm PibtomeMte
FeCO3, 2MgC03 Mm \Ie^itite

Iron (ferrous) potassium carbonate,
FeK (C03)2+4H 0
Ppt Decomp byHoO (Reynolds Chem
Soc 1898, 73 265 )

Salt

g salt per 1000
^ H2()

1 1 of solvent
dissolves
g FeCOs

NxCl

351 2

0 35042

MgCl2 +
<>H20

2300 0

4 2049

N i2SO4
+ 10H2O

117 7

sat it +14°

0 70085
0 93444

MtfSO4-h
7H20

105 *

sit it +18°

1 4667
2 9334

(jHhl(it,2 Mektrochem 1912,18 728)

Iron (ferrous) hydrogen carbonate,

Known only in aqueous solution

By conducting C02 at ordinary pressure

through H2O, m which Fe is suspended, a solu-

tion containing 9 1 pts FeCO3 to 10,000 pts

H20 is obtained (v Hauer, J pr 81 391 )

Lanthanum carbonate, La (C08)34-H 0,
3H 0, and 8H20

Insol m H20 C02+Aq dissolves tracer
Insol in (NH4) COa-hAq

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329)

Mm Lanthamte

190

CARBONATE, LANTHANUM POTASSIUM

Lanthanum potassium carbonate. La2(C06)3.

K CO3+12H20

Sol in 30% K2C03-hAq (Meyer, Z
anorg 1904, 41 101 )

Lanthanum sodium carbonate, 2La2(CO3)3,

3Na2CO3-|-20H20(?)

Ppt Easily decomp (Meyer, Z anorg
1904,41 102)

Lead carbonate, basic, 2PbCO3, PbO2H2,
5PbC03, 3Pb02H2, 3PbCO3, PbO2H2,
5PbC03, Pb02H2

Whit* Lend Insol in H2O Nearly insol
in HjjCOs+Aq, even under pressure Sol in
dil , insol in cone KOH+Aq Insol in
normal, 01 acid alkali carbonates +Ao (Bott-
ger)

Sol m cold dil NH4Cl+Aq (Brett )

PbC03, Pb02H2 Very si sol m H2O
(Yorke )

2PbC03, Pb02H2

Solubility is less than 0 0002 milhmol Pb
in 1 liter H2O at 18° (Pleissner, C C 1907,

11 1056)

When not exposed to air, sol in 32,000
pts (NH4)2S04+Aq (02 g per 1 ), 26,000
pts KNO3+Aq (02 g per 1), 23,000 pts
CaCl2+Aq (0 2 g per 1 ), 4600 pts NH4NO3
+Aq (0 2 g per 1 ), 4300 pts H2O sat with
CO,

When exposed to air in beakers, sol in
43,000 pts (ftH4)2SO4-|-Aq (0 2 g per 1),
43,000 pts KNO3+Aq (02 g per 1 ), 26,000
pts CaCl2+Aq (0 2 g per 1), 26,000 pts
NH4NO3+Aq (02 g per 1 ), 4300 pts H20
sat with CO2 (02 g per 1 ) (Muir, Chem
Soc 31 664)

Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

3PbO,4PbCO3+2H20 Ppt (fetromholm,
Z anorg 1904, 38 446 )

Lead carbonate, PbCOj

Sol m 50,551 pts H2O at ordinary tern])
Sol m 23,450 pts H2O with little ammo-
nium acetate, carbonate and free ammonia,
and in bomewhat less H20, containing much
ammonium nitrate with carbonate and free
ammonia (Frescmus, A 59 124)

Calculated from electrical conductivity of
PbCO3+Aq, 1 1 H2O dissolves * mg PbCO,
at 10° (kohlnusch md Rose, Z phyb Ch

12 241 )

Solubility ib 00002 millnnol Pb m 1 liter
H2(> it 1S° (Plei&bner, C G 1907, II 1056 J

SI bol in H2O 1 5 x 10- ! g an contumd
in 1 1 of sat solution at 20° (Bottgu, Z
phvs Ch 1903, 46 604 )

L ibily bol m acids, even HC2H/)2, but not
decomp by cone HNO^+Aq on iccount of
insolubility of Pb(NO3)2 m HNOj-f Aq In-
sol in a mixture of 1 pt H SO4 ind 6 ptb
absolute alcohol, 01 m an ilcohohc solution
of lacemic or tartanc acidb

Insol mH2C034-Aq (Jahn, A 28 LIT)

Very si sol in H2C03+Aq, but solu m is

prevented by traces of various salts Tun-

nerman ) Sol in 7144 pts sat H2CO -Aq

(Lassaigne, J ch me"d 4 312 ) H20 sa with

C02 under 4-6 atmos pressure dissolve only

traces of Pb, 1000 pts of solution cont rung

0 5 pt PbC03 (Wagner, Z anal 6 1 1)

Solubility of PbC03 in H2C03+A.q s 18°

mg per 1

CO

0

2 8
5 4

14 4

26

43 5
106

PbCO<

1 75

6

7

8 2

9 9
10 9
15 4

(Pleissner, C C 1907, II 1056 )

Sol in NH4C2H8024-Aq, and NH4C1
(Weppen, 1837 ) Sol m KOH+Aq, n
solutely insol at ord temp in an exc
K2C03, or Na2C03-|-Aq, and still more
100°, but absolutely insol m Nal
KH603, or (NH4)2C03+Aq (Rose )
m NH4OH+Aq, sol m KOH or NaOH
decomp by boiling Ca(NO3)2+Aq (
hus )

SI decomp (Persoz), not at all de
(Malaguti) by alkali sulphates +Aq

Partially decomp by boiling with 1
Na2S04, (NH4)2S04, CabO4, M
Na2HP04, NaNH4HP04, K2bO3, N
(NH4)2S03, NaaHPOa, Na2B4O7, K
Na3As04, K2C204, Ni2C2O4, NaF,
KCrO4 + Aq With the NH4 salt"
decomp ib complete (Dulong, A el
290)

Jasily bol m hot NH4Cl-fAq (
Rose, )

When 1 mol PbCO, is boiled with
K2C 04, 15% of the PbCOi is decomp
I mol K CO<, 932S% is eleeornp (
guti )

Not d((Oinp by K S()4 + Aq (Rose )

Insol in liquid NI1{ (!M inkliu, An
J 1898, 20 8^S )

Sol m in iqiuoiis solution of ue
(Me mi, 1844)

Insol in me th> 1 ie<tit( (Nuimir
1909,42 J7W)

Not pptd m piesdiec of Ni ei
(Spilhi )

Mm <o/*ss'/<

Lead sodium carbonate, 4PhCO{, N i C
Inbol m H2O (Beizelms, Pogg 47

Lead carbonate bromide, PbCOj, PbBr
Insol in H () (Storer & Diet )

ab-
>s of
>1 at
30,,
nsol
Aq,
rze-

>mp

S04,
S04,
S03,
s04,
and
the

PCtt,

mol
with
lila-

Ch

lt(b

CARBONATE, LITHIUM

191

Lead carbonate chloride, PbCO3, PbCl2
Insol in H20 (Miller, Chem Soc (2) 8

37)

Mm Phosgemte Easily sol in acids

Lead carbonate iodide, PbCO3, PbI2
Insol inH2O (Poggiale)

Lead carbonate sulphate, PbCO3, PbSO4
Mm Lanarkite Sol in HNOs-fAq with

residue of PbSO4

3PbCO3, PbSO4 Mm Leadhilhte As

fibove

Lithium carbonate, Li2CO8

100 pts H2O dissolve 1 pt Li2C03 (Vau-
quelm, A ch 7 284 )

100 pts H2O at 13° dissolve 0769 pt
Li2CO3, at 102°, 0 778 pt Li2CO3 (Kremers,
Pogg 99 48 )

100 pts H2O, cold or hot, dissohe 1 2 pts
Li2C03 (Troost, A ch (3) 51 103 )

100 pts H2O dissolve 1 4787 pts at 15°,
0 7162 pt at 100° (Draper, C N 55 169 )

100 pts H2O dissolve pts Li2CO3 at t°

t

Pts Li2CCh

t°

Pts LisCOs

0
10
20
50

1 539
1 406
1 329

1 181

75
100
102

0 866
0 728
0 796

0 79b pt is dissolved it 102° in less than
J<4 horn, and 0955 in 1 hour (Beketow, J
russ Soc 1884 591 )

Sit solution at 15° has bp gr 1 014, and
< ont uns 1 g 1 i CO { to 70 g H20, while solu-
tion s it it 0° h is sp gr 1 0168 and contains
1 g 1 i CO, in ()4 6 g H2O By long spon-
t moons ev ipoi it ion it 15° a solution can
be obt un«l of 1 0278 sp gr containing 1 g
Li CO, m 4557 g H/) (Muokiger, Arch
Phum (J) 25 549 )

By boiling foi in inst int with H () a solu-
tion is obt im<d, which his bp gr 1 0074 md
«mt tins I g 1 i CO, to H9 g H2O (Muoki-
gd, Anh Phu in (J) 26 543)

01(>S7moI issol mil HO it 25° (Roth
immd / phys C h 1909, 69 5U )

Sit I i GOt-f-Aq font mis at

95° 75°

( IschugifT, Z moig 1914, 86 159 )

Sit bolution boils at 102° (Kiemetb)
More sol in CO +Aq thin in H2O 100

pts sat C02 + Aq dissolve 525 pts Li2CO5
(Troost ) See LiHCO3
Sol in NH4 salts +Aq

Solubility in salts +Aq at 25°

C= concentration of salt solution in g-
equiv per 1
S= solubility of Li2CO3 in g-equiv per 1

Salt

C

S

KNO3

0 25

0 50
0 75
1 00
1 50
2 00

0 3647
0 3688
0 3676
0 3656
0 3490
0 3268

KC1

0 10
0 25
0 50
0 75
1 00
1 50
2 00

0 3553
0 3590
0 3782
0 3832
0 3835
0 3731
0 3558

NaCl

0 10
0 25
0 50
0 75
1 00
1 50
2 00

0 3569
0 3691
0 3867
0 3956
0 3946
0 3901
0 3776

K2SO4

0 25
0 50
1 00

0 4028
0 4356
0 4860

2

Na2SO4

0 50
1 00
2 00

0 4411
0 4926
0 5534

2

NH4C1

0 10
0 25
0 50
0 75
1 00
1 50
2 00
4 00

0 3902
0 4677
0 5659
0 6270
0 6810
0 7463
0 7739
0 7HS1

(NH4) S04

0 25
0 50
1 00
1 50
2 00

0 5059
0 7S6*
0 9S04
1 109
1 174

2

KCiO,

0 1
0 2
0 4

0 *500

o r>7<>

0 *<>!(>

(Gcff(kcn, Z inorg 1905,43 19S )

Insol in liquid NH{
J 1898, 20 828 )

(l(i inkhn Am Ch

192

CARBONATE, LITHIUM HYDROGEN

Solubility in organic compds -fAq at 25°
Solubility in H20 at 25° = 0 1687 mols litre

Solubility in organic compds -j-Aq
at 25°— Continued

Organic compd

Normality of
the solution

Mol LiaCOa
sol in 1 1

Organic compd

Normality oi
the solution

Mol L O3

sol n 1

Methyl alcohol

0 250
0 5
1 0

0 1604
0 1529
0 1394

Thio-urea

0 125
0 250
0 5
1 0

0 16 '
0 16 5
0 16 )
0 15 5

Ethyl alcohol

0 125
0 250
0 5
1 0

0 1614
0 1555
0 1417
0 1203

Dimethvl-pyrone

0 125
0250
0 5
1 0

0 15 >
0 14 )
0 12 I
0 09 >

Propyl alcohol

0 125
0 250
0 5
1 0

0 1604
0 1524
0 1380
0 1097

Ammonia

0 125
0250
0 5
1 0

0 1C 3
0 16 )

o i* r

0 14 3

Tertiary amyl
alcohol

0 125
0 250
0 5
1 0

0 1564
0 1442
0 1224
0 0899

Diethylamme

0 125
0 250
0 5
1 0

0 If }
0 14 I
0 15 3
0 Oc 7

Acetone

0 125
0 250
0 5
1 0

0 1600
0 1515
0 1366
0 1104

Pyridine

0 125
0 250
0 5
1 0

0 lp 2
0 V 3
0 L 7
0 1C 1

Ether

0 125
0 250
0 5

0 1580
0 1476
0 1300

Pipendme

0 125
0 250
0 5
1 0

0 V 1
0 1^ 5
0 1 0
0 1( 9

Formaldehyde

0 125
0 250
0 5
1 0

0 1668
0 1653
0 1606
0 1531

Urethane

0 125
0 250
0 5
1 0

0 1( 4
0 1' 5
0 1 7
013

Glycol

0 125
0 250
0 5
1 0

0 1660
0 1629
0 1565
0 1472

Acetamide

0 250
0 5
1 0

0 U 4
0 I1 0
0 1 8

Glycenne

0 125
0 250
0 5
1 0

0 1670
0 1647
0 1613
0 1532

Acetomtnle

0 125
0 250
0 5
1 0

0 li 8
0 1 6
019
0 1 8

Mannitol

0 125
0 250
0 5

0 1705
0 1737
0 1778

Mercuric cyanide

0 125
0 250

0 H 7
0 1 14

Glucose

0 125
0 250
0 5
1 0

0 1702

0 1728
0 1752
0 1778

(Rothmund, Z phys Ch 1909, 69 £ 1 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naunu n, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Nai lann,
B 1904, 37 3601 )
Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 19 t, 37
4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Lithium hydrogen carbonate, LiHCO5
100 pts H2O dissolve 5 501 pts f 1 3°
(Bewad, B 17 406 R )

Sucrose

0 125
0 250
0 5
1 0

0 1693
0 1689
0 1661
0 1557

Urea

0 125
0 250
0 5
1 0

0 1686
0 1673
0 1643
0 1605

CARBONATE, MAGNESIUM

193

Magnesium carbonate, basic, Mg3C2O7-f-
3H20=3MgO, 2CO2-f 3H20 or 2MgC08,
Mg02H2+2H2O (Fntzsche, Pogg 37
310)

Mrgnesia alba, 3MgCO8, Mg(OE)2-f
4E20, 4MgCO8, Mg(OH)2+5H20, or
5MgC03, 2Mg(OH)2-{-7H20

Very si sol m H2O Sol m 10,000 pts
hot or cold H20 (Bineau )

Sol in 2500 pts cold, and 9000 pts hot
HiO (Fyf e )

Sol in H20 containing C02

Very easily sol in acids

Easily sol indil HCl+Aq

Easily sol in NH4 sulphate, nitrate, or sue-
cmate+Aq, also m (NH4)2C08H-Aq (Witt-
stem) Sol in cold Na2C08, K2C08, K2S04,
KC1, or KNOj+Aq (Longchamp) , also in
NH4Cl+Aq, separating out on heating
(Vogel, J i>r 7 455 ) Slowly sol in cone
BaCl2, CaCl2, or ZnS04+Aq (Karsten )

Sol in MgSCU+Aq (Dulong )

Sol in ferric salts +Aq with evolution of
C02andpptn ofFeAHe (Fuchs)

Sol in boiling Co, Ni, Zn, Mn, or Cu
nitrates or chlorides +Aq

Min Hydromagnesitej 4MgO, 3CO2+
4H20

-j-10H20 Sol in considerable amount in
E2C08+Aq as MgH2(C08)2-j-Aq (Engel,
C R 100 911 )

Magnesium carbonate, MgCO8

At hydrous Insol in H20 1 1 H20 dis-
solves* 106 mg MgC03 (Chevalet, Z anal
8 91 ) Sol in 5071 pts H20 at 15° (Krem-
ers) MgCOs combines with H20 to form
MgCOs 4-3H20, and +5H2O, which are less
sol in H20 than anhydrous salt (Engel,
C R 101 814)

Very hydroscopic About 20 g are sol in
1 1 H20 (Engel, C R 1899, 129 598 )

0 7156 g are sol m 1 1 H2O at 15°

0 627 g are sol m 1 1 H20 at 15° with
vapour piessurc of CO2 equal to zero

6 977 grams aie sol mil H2O at 15° with
vapour pressure CC>2 equal to 1 atmos
(Treadwell and Heuter, Z anorg 1898, 17
202)

94 4 mg are sol in 1 1 of C02-free water
(Gothe, Ch Z 1915, 39 306 )

Solubility in II jO m. equilibrium with
2 and CO2

Total Mg (gram
atoms per liter)

Mg as MgCOs
Per cent

MgasMg(HCO3)2
Per cent

0 00100
0 00545
0 00667

50 00
51 92
53 93

50 00
48 08
46 07

Total salts
m solution.
Grams per
liter

MgCOs

Mg(HCOs)z

Grams
per liter

Per cent

Grems
per liter

Per cent

0 1144
0 6174
0 7479

0 0418
02368
0 3012

36 5
38 2
40 3

0 0726
0 3806
0 4467

63 5

61 7
59 7

System MgCO3, Mg(HCO8)2 and C02 at
30° C

lotul Mg
(grains p< r liter)

M^asM^COa
(grains ptr liter)

Mt as
VL HOP

(fel >« 1 I

0 02410
0 13135
0 16087

0 01205
0 06820
0 08676

0 01205
0 06314
0 07411

Solubility in H2O in equilibrium with
Mg(HCO3)2 and CQr-Contznued

System MgCO3j Mg(HC08) and CO2 at
30° C

In a solution near the saturation point and
m equihbnum with atmospheric air upwards
of 50 per cent of the magnesium is in the
form of the normal carbonate When the
solution is brought m contact with the solid
phase, the proportion of the base combined
as normal carbonate falls to about 34 per
cent, or lower (Cameron and Bnggs, J
phys Chem 1901, 5 552-3 )

For solubility in H2CO8-f Aq, see Magne-
sium hydrogen carbonate

Scarcely acted upon by HCl+Aq (Senar-
mont )

The solubility of MgC08 m NaCl+Aq
when in contact with ordinary air increases
with increasing concentration of NaCl up
to a maximum, and then decreases (Cam-
eron and Seidell, J phys Chem 1903, 7 579 )

Solubility of MgC08 in salts 4- Aq in equihb-*
rmm with an atmosphere free from CO2

NaCU-Aq,t=23°

Weifcht of
liter of
Holution

C rams
NaCl per
liter

Grama
MgCOa
per liter

Reacting
w< i^htw
NaCl
per liter

Reacting
weights
MgCOs
per liter

996 92
1016 82
1041 09
1070 50
1094 53
1142 48
1170 14
1199 28

0 0
28 0
59 5
106 3
147 4
231 1
272 9
331 4

0 176
0 418
0 527
0 585
0 544
0 460
0 393
0 293

0 000
0 482
1 025
1 831
2 539
3 981
4 701
5 709

OOOOOOOO

(Cameron and Seidell, J phys Chem 1903, 7
585)

194

CARBONATE, MAGNESIUM

Solubility of MgC03 m salts +A.q— Continued
Na2S04+Aq,t=24°

Solubility in salts -f Aq — Continuec

g salt added per litre

mg MgCOs disa ved
per litre

"tt eight of
liter of
solution

Grams

Na2SO4
per liter

Grams
MgCOs
per liter

Reacting
wts
Na2SO4
per liter

Reacting
wts MgCO
per liter

0 805 g Na2SO4, 10H20
1 61 g
4 03 g "

145 05
162 05
150 75

997 52
1021 24
1047 60
1080 95
1133 85
1157 34
1206 03
1223 91
1241 99

0 00
25 12
54 76
95 68
160 80
191 90
254 60
278 50
305 10

0 216
0 586
0 828
1 020
1 230
1 280
1 338
1 338
1 388

0 000
0 178
0 388
0 678
1 140
1 360
1 804
1 973
2 162

0 00258
0 00700
0 00990
0 01219
0 01470
0 01530
0 01600
0 01600
0 01660

0 53 g Na2CO3
1 06 g
2 65 g "

98 6
53 5
15 7

0 51 g MgCl2, 6H20
1 02 g
2 55 g

47 0
39 5
35 3

The solubility of MgC08 in COjrfree ater
is increased by the addition of NaCl, N TO«
or Na2S04, 10H2O but decreased by the ddi-
tion of Na2CO3 or MgCl2, 6H2O
(Gothe, Ch Z 1915, 39 306 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin. Air Ch
J 1898, 20 828 )
Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 904.
37 4329)
Insol in acetone and in methylal 3id-
mann, C C 1899, II 1014 )
Insol m methyl acetate (Nauman B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Nam inn.
B 19G4, 37 3601 )
Min Magnesite Very si attack* by
warm cone HCl+Aq 100 pts H2O di olve
0 0027 pt , calculated as MgO (Lubav )
Solution in H2O contains 0 018 g M and
0 065 g C02 per 1 at 20° (Wells, J Am
Chem Soc 1915, 37 1705 )
Solution m H20 containing 272 g TaCl
per 1 contains 0 028 g Mg and 0 086 g CO2
per 1 at 20° (Wells, J Am Chem Soc
1915,37 1705)
+H20
-f 2H2O Decomp by suspension it H20
into basic salt (Engel, C R 100 911
+3H20 Small quantities of this ss are
wholly dissolved bv much H20 (Bine L )
The solution contains in 100 pts at—

0° 65° 8° ^ 16° P">
015 0153 0 155* 0 179 pts MgCO3-f- «)
(Noigaard, 1850 )

Decomp by boiling H2O into a basic nsol
salt and CO2 100 pts H/) dissolve i 1518
pt at 19° (Fntzschc, Po«g 37 304 )
Sol in 48 pts H2O, and decomp b\ arge
amt (Fourcrov )
100 pts H2O dissolve 0 1518 pt at 1 °, or
sol in 658 pts H20 at 19° (Beckurts \ B
1881 212)
100 pts H2O dissolve 0 0812 pt , calc ated
as MgO (Lubavm, J russ Soc 24 3 ) )
Solution in H20 contains 036 g M and
1 01 g C02 per 1 at 20° (Wells, J Am
Chem Soc 1915,37 1707)
Solubility in H20 sat with C02 hai been
determined at 20°, 25°, 30°, 34° and 3< and

t=355°

\Veight of
liter of
solution

Grama
Na2S04
per liter

Grams
MgCOa
per liter

Reacting

weights
Na2SO4
per liter

Reacting
weights
MgCOs
per liter

995 15
1032 89
1067 23
1094 77
1120 38
1151 70
1179 82
1196 32
1236 52

0 32
41 84
81 84
116 56
148 56
186 70
224 00
247 20
199 20

0 131
0 577
0 753
0 904
0 962
1 047
1 088
1 100
1 130

0 296
0 579
0 826
1 052
1 323
1 587
1 751
2 120

0 00156
0 00689
0 00900
0 01080
0 01149
0 01251
0 01300
0 01314
0 01350

(Cameron and Seidell )
Na2CO3-{-Aq, t=25°

Weight of
liter of
solution

Grams
NaCOs
per liter

Grams
MgCOs
per liter

Reacting
weights
NasCOs
per liter

Reacting
w eights
MgCOs
per liter

Q96 84
1019 89
1047 72
1082 47
1118 91
1147 66
1166 05
1189 38

0 00
23 12
50 75
86 42
127 30
160 80
181 90
213 20

0 223
0 288
0 510
0 879
1 314
1 636
1 972
2 317

0 000
0 220
0 482
0 820
1 209
1 526
1 727
2 024

0 00266
0 00344
0 00620
0 01027
0 01570
0 01955
0 02357
0 02770

(Cameron and Seidell )
Solubility in salts -f Aq

g salt added per litre

mg MgCOa dissolved
per litre

0 0

94 4

0 585 g NaCl
1 17 g «
2 93 g

128 3
134 4
120 95

0 85 g NaNOs
1 70 g "
4 25 g

122 85
138 80
137 20

CARBONATE, MAGNESIUM HYDROGEN

195

at CO2 pressures corresponding with 0 5 to
303% C02 in the gas phase (Leather and
Sen, Chem Soc 1915, 108 (2) 13 )

Easily sol in acids even when dil

Not decomp by 1 pt H2S04-{-6 pts al-
cohol, or by alcoholic solutions of glacial
acetic, racemir, or tartanc acids, but is slowly
decomp by alcoholic solution of citric acid,
or HNOs-fabs alcohol (Butim, 1827 )

100 pts NaCl+Aq (2525%) dissolve
0 1250 pt , calculated as MgO (Lubavm )

1% Na2CO3+Aq, when noised with 1%
MgS04+Aq, cause no ppt , but 1 5-2% solu-
tions ppt this salt (Brandes, 1825 )

More sol in NH4Cl+Aq than CaC03 Sol
in NEUNOs+^q, but less easily than in
NB4Cl+Aq

Solubility in KHC03+Aq at t°
Values are given in mol /litre

t°

K

Mg

Solid phase

15°

0 0

0 0095

MgCOs+SHzO

0 0992

0 0131

0 1943

0 0167

0 3992

0 0211

labile

0 2681

0 0192

MgCOa +3H2O +MgC03

KHCOs-HHjO

0 5243

0 0097

MgCOj KHC03H-4H2O

0 6792

0 0074

0 9810

0 0028

25°

0 0

0 0087

MgCOi+SHjO

0 0985

0 0115

0 2210

0 014Q

0 318S

0 0175

0 3434

0 0181

0 4216

0 0205

labile

0 4985

0 0207

0 3906

0 0196

MtOOa+3HO-fMgCOa

KHOOa-HHaO

0 5893

0 0128

MK«), KHOfh-HHO

0 6406

0 0117

0 7SS

0 0089

1 125

0 0061

35°

0 0

0 0071

AI^OI-HPT o

0 1002

0 009S

0 2001

0 0132(?)

0 2811

0 0142

0 3704

0 Olb>

0 4847

0 0177

0 5807

G 010S

0 508*

0 01S4

\UCOf | II O+MkCOt

KHCOj-MH 0

0 6231

0 0153

M0( Oi KlIOOi-HH O

0 8435

0 0119

Ihc experiments were performed in such
i way as to prevent, as far as possible, loss of

CO from the solutions

(Auerbach, Z Elektrochem 1904, 10 164 )

1 1 H2O, containing 6% MgS04+7H20 and

a little NaCl, dissolves 5 g MgCOs (Hunt,
Sill Am J (2) 42 49 )

More sol in cold alkali borates-f-Aq than
in hot (Wittstein )

Sol in Na citrate 4-A.q

+4H2O Efflorescent

+5H20 Two modifications

a Plates Sol in 600 pts H20 at 0-7°,
solution gradually separates out MgC08-f
2H2O H2C03-f-Aq sat at 3-4 atmos pres-
sure dissolves 9% at 0-4° MgSO4+Aq dis-
solves 4% moist salt at 3-4°, and it is
easily sol in Na2C08, or NaHCOs+Aq
(Norgaard )

j8 Prisms More efflorescent than a Sol
in 600 pts H20 but not in MgS04, or Na2CO8
+ \q Both forms are decomp bv boiling
H20 (Norgaard)

Magnesium hydrogen carbonate,
MgBT«(CO,)«(0

Known only in solution

1 1 H2CO8H-Aq sat at 1 atmos pressure
dissolves 23 5 g MgCO3 (Bineau )

1 1 carbonic acid water dissolves 0 115 g
magnesite at 18° and 075 m pressure
(Cossa, B 2 697)

1 pt MgOOa dissolves in H2O saturated
with CO 2 at 5° and a pressure of —

123 456 atmospheres
in 161 144 134 1007 110 76 pts H20
(Merkel, Techn J B 1867 213 )

H2C03-f-Aq sat at 3-4 atmos pressure
and 0-4° dissolved 9% MgC03-f5H20
(Norgaard )

MgCO3+3H2Oissol in 72 4 pts H2CG3+
Aq sat at 20° and ord pressure, 30 5 pts
H2CO34-Aq sat at 2 atmos pressure, 26 0
pts H2C03+Aq sat at 3 atmos pressure,
21 1 pts H2C03+Aq sat at 4 atmos pres-
sure, 17 OQ pts H2CO3-hAq sat at 5 atmos
pressure (Beckurts, J B 1881 212 )

1 H2O sat with CO2 at p pressuie and t°
dissolves p- MgCO3

P

iitnlos

t

MjIcOa

P

mm

1°

M&Oa

1 0

19 5

27 79

751

13 4

28 45

2 1

19 5

33 11

760

19 5

25 79

3 2

19 7

37 3

7b2

29 3

21 95

4 7

19 0

43 5

764

16

15 7

5 0

19 2

46 2

764

02

10 4

6 2

19 2

48 51

765

70

8 1

7 5

19 5

51 2

765

82

4 9

9 0

18 7

56 5)

765

91

2 4

765

100

0 0

(Engel and Villo, C R 93 34)

The low figures of other observers are due
to their using basic carbonates By verj care-
ful experiments it was found that 11 H2O

196

CARBONATE, MAGNESIUM POTASSIUM

sat with C02 at 1 atmos pressure and t° dis-
solved the following amts of MgC03

Solubility in NaCl+Aq at 23°C in eq hb-
num with an atmosphere of CO2

g NaCl per liter

g Mg(HCO8)2per er

t°

M|COS

t°

^ MfcOs

t°

MgSC03

7 0
56 5
119 7
163 9
224 8
306 6

30 64
30 18
27 88
24 96
20 78
10 75

3 5
12

35 6
26 5

18
30

22 1
15 8

40
50

22 1
9 5

(Engel, C R 100 444 )

1 9540 g are sol 1 1 H2O at 15° (Tread-
well and 3- euter, Z anorg 1898, 17 202 )
MgH2(C08)2 is not stable except in the
presence of free CO 2
At 15° and 760 mm , a solution having
the partial pressure of C02=0, contains
1 9540 g MgH2(C03)2 and 0 7156 g MgC08
per liter (Treadwell and 1\ euter, Z anorg
1898, 17 204 )

Solubility of M?H2(C03)2 in H20 containing
carbonic* acid, at 15°

(Cameron and SeideU, T phys Chem 103,
7 582 )

Solubility in Na2S04+Aq at 23° C in eq hb-
num with an atmosphere of C02

Strength of Na2SO*+Aq

g Mg(HCO8)2inlOO m

0 0

12%
saturated

1 463
1 916
1 612

(Cameron ar?d Seidell )

Magnesium potassium carbonate.
MgK2(db3)2-f-4H20
Quickly decomp by cold H20 (De lie,
A ch (3)33 87) '
Ppt Decomp byH2O (Reynolds, C m
Soc 1898, 73, 264 )
MgKH(C03)2+4H20 Insol m H20 Dut
decomp thereby into an in sol basic Me ar
bonate, and MgH2(C03)2 and KHC08, v ich
dissolve (Berzehus )

Magnesium rubidium hydrogen carbo ite,
MgRbH(C08)2+4H20
Decomp in the air (Erdmann, A 97,
294 75 )

Magnesium sodium carbonate, MgCO
Na2CO8

Quickly decomp with H2O (DevilL A
ch (3) 33 89 )
+15H20 (Norgaard )

Magnesium sodium carbonate rsodium < lo-
ride, MgC03, Na2CO8, NaCl

18SrSPlS)HO MpfiWhu^C R

% carbonic acid in
the gas at 0° and
760mm

£

Is

•a S

1 S

8
1

g

<Sj|

8?>

^«l

?SS

Md

aa

So>
A

w-P ^

8*1
isl

MO
S^

bfi

E

bO

a

IS 86
5 47
4 45
1 54
1 35
1 O/
0 62
0 60
0 33
0 21
0 14
0 03

143 3
41 6
33 8
11 7
10 3
8 2
4 7
4 6
2 5
1 6
1 1
0 3

119 0
86 6
223 5

1210 5
1210 5
1210 5
1076 6
762 9
595 2
366 3
341 7
263 2
222 9
216 9
203 6
203 3
196 0
203 6
195 4
195 4

77 3
76 5
80 7
70 1
75 8
74 8
77 1
71 0
71 1
68 5
70 2
62 5
61 6
64 1

?01 6
201 6
201 6
201 6
149 2
122 4
86 5
78 8
65 5
59 4
56 6
54 5
53 6
52 9
52 0
51 1
51 8

(Treadwell and E euter, Z anorg 1898, 17
200)

No bicarbonate of magnesium is formed
under pressures of C02 up to five atmos-
52WM (Camer°M Phys Chem 1908,

A critical analysis and recalcUation of
results of Engel and others is given bv
(J Am Chem Soc 1915, 37

Permanent Practically insol mH20
in HaCOsH-Aq and m acids generally

1 1 H2O dissolves 0 065 g at 25° (A
and Valla, Att Accad line 1911 20 II

j33B,SSBNHi rFrankhn''Am

19io8<43 314e)thyl aC6tat° (JSIaumann

Mm Rhodochrosite

+ V^ or 1H20 Insol m H20 So
acids Sol in H2C08+Aq 1 pt Mr
requires 2000 pts H2CO8+Aq for solu

>ol

no
6)

B

in
'O,

on

CAKBONATE, POTASSIUM

197

(Lassaipne ) Sol ID 7680 pts H20, and 3840
pts H20 containing CO2 (Jahn) When
freshly precipitated is sol in NH4 salts-f Aq
(Wittstem ) Not more sol in H20 contain-
ing Na2CO8 or K2COS than in pure H20
(Ebelmen ) Insol in NH4C1, or NH4NO8-f
Aq (Brett )

Sol in feme salts +Aq, with evolution of
CO2 and pptn of FezC& (Fuchs )

Not pptd m presence of Na citrate
(Spiller )

Manganous potassium carbonate,
MnK2(C08)2+4H2O

Ppt Decomp by H2O alone

SI sol in Mn(C2H8O2)2+Aq or K2CO3-f
Aq (Reynolds, Chera Soc 1898, 73 264 )

Manganous carbonate hydroxylamtne,

4MnCO3, 3NH30-f2H20
Ppt Sol m acids (Goldschmidt and

very si sol in Na2C08+Aq, sol in warm
NH4Cl+Aq, and KCN-j-Aq (Rose )

Not pptd in presence of Na citrate (Spil-
ler )

(A
20

25%
1911,

j. j,/u KJVSJ. JUUL (ju\jt,\*a

Syngros, Z anorg 6 138 )

Mercurcus carbonate, Hg2COs

Ppt Decomp byhotH20 Sol in hot or
warm NEUCl-J-Aq, but less easily than mer-
curic carbonate, less sol in NH4NO8-|-Aq
(Brett, 1837 )

SI sol m K2COj+Aq, partially sol with
decomp m NH4GH+Aq (Wittstem)

Mercuric carbonate, basic, 4HgO, CO
Can b< washed with cold H 0 without de-

comp (Millon, A ch O) 19 368)

3HgO, CO2 Insol in cold H20 Sol m

COa+Aq, si sol in K CO3+Aq Easily sol

in NlI4Cl-hAcj (Bir/ehus)

Neodynuum potassium carbonate, Nd2(CO3)3,

K2< O8+12H O

Ppt Sol in 40% KjCOs+Aq (Meyer,
/ anoig 1004,41 105)

Nickel carbonate, NiC03

1 1 HoO dissolves 0 0925 g at
Ageno and Valla, Att Accad Line

, II 706 )

Not attacked by cold cone HC1, or HNO,
+Aq (Senarmont, A ch (3) 30 138 )

-f 6H2O Sol m acids (DeviUe, A ch
(3) 35 446 )

See also Carbonate, nickel, basic

Nickel potassium carbonate, NiCOs, K2COa+

4H20

Ppt (DeviUe,A ch (3)33 96)
NiC08,KHC03+4H20 Decomp by H3O,

but may be washed by KHCO8-f Aq without

decomp (Rose, Pogg 84 566 )

Nickel sodium carbonate, NiCO3, Na2C08 +

10H20
Ppt (Deville )

Nickel carbonate hydroxylanune, 2Ni(OH)2,

4NiC03, 5NH2OH-|-7H20
Ppt (Goldschmidt and Syngros, Z anorg

1894,5 143)

2lJi(OH)», 4NiC03, 6NH2OH+6H20
Ppt (Goldschmidt and Syngros )

Palladious carbonate, PdCO*, 9PdO-f

10H20

Insol in H20, partly sol in NH4OH+Aq,
si sol in Na2C03+Aq, sol in acids (Kane,
1842)

Potassium carbonate, K2C03

Deliquescent Very sol in H 0 with evolu-
tion of heat

Neodynuum sodium carbonate, 2Nd2(CO3)3,

(Meyer, Z

0 <Jb2 pt at h 0 900
and 0 190 pt it 70

Ppt Easily dtcornp
Si sol m cone NaCOj+Aq
inorg 1904,41 106)

Nickel carbonate, basic, 3NiO, C02+5H20
Mm Zaralitf 1* i&ily sol in HCl+Aq
Pptd nickel carbonate is a basic salt of
Vcirymg composition Insol in H20 or H2C03
+Ao Sol in acids Sol in (NH4)2CO3-hAq,

Sol in 1 05 pts H O at *
pt ut 12(> 0747 pt at 2ft
(Osann ,) ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ R ^^ p }

Sol m 0 922 pt H O at 15 (Gcilach )

100 #s1!? 0?U* ,( ^ olv. 100 pts K C O, (lire s
Dut )

Solubility m 100 pt« H2O at t°

t°

Us 1
KiCOi

t

Pts
K COa

t

I^ts
KCOs

o

83 12

40

106 20

80

134 25

10

88 72

50

112 90

90

143 18

20
30

94 06
100 09

60
70

119 24
127 10

100
135

153 66
205 11

(Poggiale, A ch (3) 8 468 )

198

CARBONATE, POTASSIUM

Solubility in 100 pts H2O at t°

Sp gr of KiCOs+Aq at 15° — Cotitinued

t°

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45

Pts
KC03

894
94
97
100
102
104
105
1C6
107
108
109
109
109
110
110
110
111
111
111
111
112
112
112
112
112
113
113
113
113
114
114
114
114
115
115
115
115
116
116
116
117
117
117
118
118
119

I! ,

Pts
KCOj

t°

Pts
KCOs

% K C03

Sp gr

% KCOa

Sp

23 49b

1 2836
1 2980
1 3078
1 3177
1 3277
1 3378
1 3480
1 3585
1 3692
1 3803

33 2SG
34 265
35 244
36 223
37 202
! 38 181
39 100
40 139
40 o04

1

1 <

1 <,

1 4
1 4
1 4
1 4
1 4
1 4

46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90

119
120
120
121
121
122
122
123
124
124
125
125
126
127
127
128
128
129
130
130
131
132
132
133
133
134
135
135
136
137
137
138
139
139
140
141
141
142
143
144
144
145
146
147
147

91
92

93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
1C5
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135

148
149
150
151
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
X61
162
163
164
166
167
168
169
171
172
173
175
176
178
179
181
182
184
185
187
188
190
191
193
195
196
198
200
201
203
205

24 47o
25 454
26 432
27 412
28 391
29 360
30 340
31 328
32 807

(Ttinnerman )
Sp gr and boiling point of KaCOs+Aq

%
K2COj

Sp gr

B pt

K»dbi

Sp gr

B

109
111
112
114
110
117
119
122
125
129
137

4 7
9 0
13 2
16 8
20 5
24 0
27 3
30 5
33 6
36 2
39 0
41 7

1 06
1 11
1 15
1 19
1 22
1 25
1 28
1 31
1 34
1 38
1 41
1 44

100 56°
100 56
101 11
101 11
101 6b
102 22
102 78
103 33
104 44
105 56
107 22
108 33

43 3
45 S
48 8
52 1
56 0
60 4
65 5
71 8
79 2
8S 4
100 0

1 46
1 50
1 54
1 58
1 63
1 70
1 SO
1 95
2 15
2 40
2 60

(Dalton )

Sp gr of K2C03+Aq at 17 5r

%
KCOa

1
2
3

4

1

8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

Sp gr

1 009
1 018
1 027
1 036
1 045
1 054
1 064
1 073
1 082
1 092
1 102
1 112
1 122
1 132
1 141
1 151
1 161
1 172

K&,

SPor

KaC?Os

36

37
38
39
40
41
42
4*
44
45
40
47
4S
40
50
51
52

Sp

1 3
1 3
1 3

1 4'
1 4
1 4
1 4
1 41
1 4<
1 4
1 If
1 5(
1 51
0 5
1 54
1 5£
1 51

19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
*1
32
33
34
35

1 182
1 192
1 203
1 213
1 224
1 235
1 245
1 256
1 267
1 278
1 280
1 300
1 312
1 323

i m

1 345
1 «7

lM ulder, ricneik Verhandel 1864 97)
1 12 g are sol m 100 g H20 at 20° (Frank-
forber, J Am Chem Soc 1914,36 1106)

Sp gr of X COa-l-Aq at 15

(Hagei, Coinm 1883 )

The sp gr mci eases 01 diminishes lx twc
8° and 20° by a decrease or increase of teir
of 1° by the following amounts —

*£ K CO3

SP fer

(/< K CO.

Sp gr

0 489
0 979
1 <)oS
2 9:14
3 91b
4 S9o
D S74
t> bod
7 SJ2
s sn
9 790
10 "09

1 0048
1 009 S
1 0108
1 0299
1 0401
1 OoOo
1 0611
1 0719
1 OS29
1 09*0
1 10o2
1 llbb

11 748
12 727
13 706
14 b85
1) bb4
Ib 643
17 622
18 601
19 580
20 o3Q
21 ->38
22 517

1 1282
1 1400
1520
1642
1766
1892
2020
2150
1 2282
1 2417
1 2554
1 2b94

% K COj

C orr

40-50
30-40
20-30
10-20

0 0007
0 0005
0 0003
0 0002

(Hager )

1)

30
47

34

CARBONATE, POTASSIUM

199

Sp gr of K2COs+Aq at 15Q

% K CO3

^P ^r

% IV2CO8

Sp gr

1

1 00914

28

1 27893

2

1 01829

29

1 28999

3

1 02743

30

1 30105

4

1 03658

31

1 31261

5

1 04572

32

1 32417

6

1 05513

33

1 33573

7

1 06354

34

1 34729

8

1 07396

35

1 35885

9

1 08337

36

1 37082

10

1 09278

37

1 38279

11

1 10258

38

1 39476

12

1 11238

39

1 40673

13

1 12219

40

1 41870

14

1 13199

41

1 43104

15

1 14179

42

1 44388

16

1 15200

43

1 44573

17

1 16222

44

1 46807

18

1 17243

45

1 48041

19

1 18265

46

1 49314

20

1 19286

47

1 50588

21

1 20344

48

I 51861

22

1 21402

49

1 53135

23

1 22459

50

1 54408

24

1 23517

51

1 55728

25

1 24575

52

1 5704S

26

1 25081

52 024

1 57079

27

1 20787

(Gcrlach, Z -mil 8 279)

of K COs+Aq at 15°

K ( < >

10
20

1 1
11<)

<)lf)

<)2()

K ( (h

^P kr

50
40
50

1 3002
1 4170
1 5428

(Kohli in^ch, W \nn 1879 1)

K ( <)-, I \q (onl lining 10% K2C03 boils at

100 S

K < <>3 i \n tout unm^ 2(y o K2C03 boils dt

10J J
K ( O, ! \<i (out unin^ >»()' <, K C0n boils it

101 >

K ( () i \q (out iimn*. !()*,< KjCOj boils at

10S I*
K ( <>j I \q «>nt lining ~0( „ K/JO3 boils at

in J

((mluli )

Sit KCUil \q «mt urnng 158 pts KjCOj
to KM) pis II OfcHins i (rust at 12b°, highest
temp obs<i\«l 1»P) (Guliich, / inal 26
127 )

B -pt of K2C08+Aq containing pts K2CO<
to 100 pts H20 G=accordmg to Ger-
lach (Z aual 26 459), L = according to
Legrand (A ch (2) 59 438)

B pt

G

L

101°

11 5

13

102

22 5

22 5

103

32

31

104

40

38 8

105

47 5

46 1

106

54 5

53 1

1C7

61

59 6

108

67

65 9

109

73

71 9

110

78 5

77 6

111

83 5

83 0

112

88 5

88 2

113

93 5

93 2

114

98 5

98 0

115

103 5

102 8

116

108 5

107 5

117

113 5

112 3

118

117 5

117 1

119

122 5

122 0

120

127 5

127 0

121

132 5

132 0

122

137 5

137 0

123

142 5

142 0

124

147 5

147 1

125

152 5

152 2

126

158

157 3

127

163 5

162 5

128

169 5

167 7

129

175 5

172 9

130

181 5

178 1

131

187 5

183 4

132

193 5

188 8

133

199 5

194 2

133 3

202 5

134

199 6

135

205 0

When K2C03+Aq is sat with NHg, two
layers form When K2C08 is added to
NH4OH+Aq, it dissolves with formation of
two layers and evolution of NH» The same
takes place ilso when sat K2GO3+Aq and
NH4OH + Aq are brought together (Girard,
Bull Soc (2) 43 552 )
Solubility of K C03+KIIC03 in H20

t, 1 < i 100 ct s( lutiori

VP gr

K;( 0

KIK O3

0 0

21 2

1 133

11 8

15 3

1 182

lb 7

12 6

1 200

,23 S

10 3

1 241

34 0

7 6

1 298

43 0

5 9

1 350

51 (>

4 9

1 398

60 5

3 8

1 448

81 4

0 0

1 542

(1< ngel A ch 1888, (6) 13 348 )

200

CARBONATE, POTASSIUM

Equilibrium between K2C08 and KHCO8 in
H2O and in contact with the air Sys-
tem K2C08, KHCO3, and C02 at 25° c

Grams
atoms K
per hter

0 393

0 553

1 025

1 865

2 820

3 710

4 310

5 695

Amount of

solution

used for

titration

cc

5
5
2
5
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1

Amount K
combmea
as K2COs
Per cent

77 5
83 9
86 8

91 4
89 0

88 6

89 6

88 7

Amount K
combined

as KHCOs
Per cent

22 5
16 1
13 2

8 6
11 0
11 4

10 4

11 3

SolubiktyofK2CO«+Na2C03mH2Oa J42°

In 1000 ccm H 0

NaaCO3

28 35
354 2
369 7
363 0
330 8
273 8
187 2
130 0
137 9
112 3

95 2
25 5

KaCOa

150 03
226 6
243 5
282 7
344 9
483 9
921 5
982 6
1074 0

1085 1
1108 6
1125 7

Solid phase

Na2C08
Na2CO3, K2COS 61 0

Na2C08, K2C08 6H

Na2C03

K2C08

(Kremann and Zitek, M 1909, 30 3 r )

Solubility of K2C03+Na2OO3 in H20 10°

(Cameron and Bnggs, J phys Chem 1901,
5 546)

Solubility of KaCOs+NaaCOs in H2O at
25°

In 1000 ccm H O

Na C03 K C03

g per 100 g
solution

g per 100 K
H 0

O

s

6

g

Solid ph i,so

O

I

o

vj

52 82
^2 0
50 7

0
1 0

2 r>

112
110 7
108 7

0
2 2

, 7

K OO-.2H 0

40 0

4 b

10; r)

10 0

KjCO,2H 04-Na CO.

K CO3 12IT 0

46 r>

4 3

04 f>

S S

Nil C O< K CO 12H O

40 2

5 2

04 S

K) (>

41 0

6 *

77 0

11 S

37 7

7 0

(>& i

12 <>

31 0

10 5

j? 0

17 0

20 8

11 *

r>() ,

10 1

2, 2

14 1

n 4

2i 2

22 4

10 r>

3f> S

27 i

10 8

18 7

*2 1

40 {

10 1

10 7

41 2

•{2 1

23 2

24 >

V7 <>

Mu COi K ( O, 1JH 0

+ Na COj 10H 0

14 5

22 8

23 1

J(> 4

N i C ()i 1011 0

10 S

22 7

1(> 2

U 0

10 7

22 4

H) 0

{ { i

4 7

21 0

(> 1

20 S

0

22 71

0

20 M

119 8
176 4
108
61 19

354 1

500 1

0052 0

1084 0

Solid plume

Na2C03

Na,2CO,. K2CO
K2C08

(Kremann and Zitek, M 1009, 30 3

Solubility of K2CO3+KNO, in I12O at 5 2°

1 1 of th( solution < on( mis

Mol K TOa

Mol IvNOi

0 00

1 217

0 59

2 (>2

1 ^

1 <)7

2 10

1 1(>

2 70

1 11

3 58

0 7<)

(Osaka, J lok Chem Soc 1911,32 870)

(louun, G U 1000, 131 2r)0 )
Solubility of K C03H KNO, in II O 10°

S ll I pht I <

n 1000 ((in HO
K ( ( ) i

KNO

208 9
26 62

1070 0
1084 0

KNO8

KN()3 K C(
KjCO,

(Kremann mdZitck,M 1000,30 3 >)

CARBONATE, POTASSIUM

201

In 1000

com HaO

KNOa

KCOs

Solid phase

376 85
285 00

130 3

KNO

i

161 67

348 4

t

141 80

371 9

(

73 04

688 1

t

38 78

878 3

i

31 11

1112 2

KN08, K2C08

•* - ' — — •AWVJJtt.J JLTJU J.C7V/J7, UV OJLU )

Solubility of K2C03+KC1 in H2O at 30°

K2C?08

&

Solid phase

53 27
52 22

51 66

*

0

1 03
1 07

K2C03 1MH20
K2C08 l^HO+KCl
KC1

1 64

26 22

KC1

0

28 01

it

* Author gives in
(de

(dl Waal," DisserT 1910 )
Solubility of K2C08+KOH in H20 at 30°
" o KOH % K2C03 Solid phase

55 75
55 14
53 77

0

0

2 05
2 50

53 27

KOH 2H20

KOH2H20+K2C03

K2C08

r gives intermediary data
(de Waal, Dissert 1910)

(Franklin, Am Ch

* Author

Insol in liquid NH3
J 1898, 20, 828 )

Sol m 9 pts alcohol of 17° B Insol in
absolute alcohol

Not decomp by 1, pt H2SO4-h6 pts ab-
solute alcohol Not decomp by 1 pt HN03+
6 pts absolute alcohol Not decomp by an
alcoholic solution of HC1, oxalic, racemic, tar-
tanc, or glacial acetic acids, but is decomp by
alcoholic solution of citric acid
Solubility in methyl alcohol Composition of
liquids in equilibrium with solid K2C03
at t°

1

l'pp< r U\ c r

I owcr layer

8

*£
l1"

a
tc
^

c
s
I"

|

I*

W
^
W
0

I

Q
w

if

-30
-20
20
0
0
+ 17
35

21 7

n s

12 4
7 6
7 4
6 2
5 0

42 2
52 1

6b 3

GO G
72 Q

36 1
34 1

26 1

24 2

22 1

44 2
46 3
46 6
48 3

8 2
6 7
6 6
5 7
4 3

47 6
47
46 8
46

44 7

sition of

at t

t

Upper la>er

Lower laj er

n

8

M
^

W

q
*

o

£S

c
W
$

|

S

o

v^>

<J

/*"•>

t5
sc

-18
0
+17
35
50
75

0 03
0 04
0 06
0 07
0 09
0 12

90 3
91 9
91 5
90 9
91 8
91 4

9 7
8 1
8 4
9
8 1
8 5

51 2
51 3
52 1
53 4
55 3
57 9

0 2
0 2
0 2
0 2
0 2
2 0

48 6
48 5
47 7
46 4
44 5
40 9

(de Bruyn )

Solubility in ethyl alcohol +Aq at 25°
When K2COS is dissolved in ethyl alcohol-f
Aq two layers are formed, the compositions of
which are as follows

Upper layer

Lower layer

%
alcohol

H%0

KCOs

alcohol

H%0

K2(5o3

81 25
71 67
56 98
53 92
50 01

18 61
27 91
41 55
44 13

AV 0/f

0 14
0 42
1 47
2 05

0 X*

0 82
1 79
4 02
4 88
* tu

55 42
61 61
65 73
66 87
fi7 Ofi

43 76
36 60
30 25
28 25
27 41

4
3
28

(Cuno, W Ann 1909, (4) 28 bb4 }
Solubility of K2C03 in alcohol +Aq at 30°

K CDs Alcohol H 0

53 27
53 09

0 13

0 04

0
0 1

90 49

99 92

46 73
46 81

9 38

0 04

Solid phase

0

K C03

K C03

K CO +K,CO,

* Solution separates into two layers
(de Waal, Dissert Leiden, 1910 )

A full discussion of the solubility of K2COs
in methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, and allyl
alcohols is given Iby Frankforter and Frary
(J phys Ch 1913, 17 402), and Frankforter
and Temple (J Am Chem Soc 1915, 37
2697)

202

CARBONATE, POTASSIUM HYDROGEN

K2C08 will "salt out" acetone from aqueous
solution The table shows the composi-
tion of the solutions at the points at
which mhomogeneous solutions of K2C08,
acetone and HaO just become homoge-
neous at 20° 100 g of the solution con-
tain

iJbOs

HS20

g
acetone

K2CO3

HS2O

e

acetone

18 84

73 22

7 94

2 43

55 36

42 21

13 32

71 38

15 30

22 29

72 81

4 90

11 83

70 34

17 83

17 86

73 12

9 02

10 13

69 03

20 84

15 81

72 53

11 66

8 24

67 31

24 45

14 39

71 89

13 72

7 22

65 99

26 79

10 29

69 46

20 25

6 04

64 39

29 57

1 91

54 05

44 04

28 87

69 08

2 05

1 76

52 86

45 38

23 94

71 98

4 08

1 60

51 60

46 80

21 52

72 75

5 33

1 29

49 57

49 14

19 60

73 10

7 70

1 08

47 86

51 06

6 46

65 34

28 20

0 94

46 73

52 33

5 91

64 65

29 44

0 75

44 72

54 53

5 60

63 93

30 47

0 66

43 31

56 03

5 04

62 80

32 16

0 60

42 49

56 91

4 50

61 48

34 02

0 54

41 73

57 73

3 80

59 79

36 41

0 50

40 69

58 81

3 18

57 95

38 87

0 46

40 48

60 06

2 73

56 50

40 77

(Frankfurter and Cohen, J Am Chem Soc
1914,36 1121)

Insol in benzomtnle (Naumann, B 1914,
47 1370)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910, 34 314 )

Sol in phenol

Sol in 13 5 pts glycerine of 1 225 sp gr
(Vogel, N Repert 16 557 )

100 g sat K C03-fsugai+Aq contains
22 44 g K2CO3 and 56 g sugar it tt 25°
(Kohler, Z Vei Zuckound 1897, 47 447 )

+H20

-flJ/SHaO Very deliquescent (Pohl )

Deliquescent only in very moist in
(Stidelor)

Sol in H O with evolution of heat (Pohl )

Sol at 17 6° with absorption ot he it, it 52°
with evolution of hi it, and at 25° with nt ithci
ibsorption nor evolution of he it (Beithelot,
C K 78 1722)

bat solution of K.COj + l^lT/) in II 0
contains 53 £7 g inhydrous K2CO3 in 100 g
solution at iO° (deWiil, Dibscrt 1910)

+211 O Silt UfcU ill} given as containing
1MHO contains 2H O (Geilach, / anil
26 4(>0)

&at bolutiou oi KiCOj+SH^) eont mis
112 g inhydious K CO in 100 g II O it 25°
(Osaki, J I ok Ch Soc 1911,32 870)

+411 0 Not d( liquescent in closed vcss< Is
(Geilach, / ( )

Potassium hydrogen carbonate, KHCO
Not dehquescdit

Sol in 3 5 pts HO at 15° (Redv, ood ) &o
pts EUO at moderate temperatures (Bergmann
in 0 8333 pt boiling H2O (Pelletier) in 4 pts col
1 2 pts boiling H2O (M R and P s Pharm )
4 pts HO at 18 75 (Abl ) 100 pts H O at
dissolve 30 pts and at 100 83 pts (Ure s Diet

100 pts H O at 10-11 2° dissolve 26 1 pts K
and the sp gr of solution is 1 1530 (Anthon
161 216)

100 pts H2O dissolve at —
0° 10° 20° 30°
19 61 23 23 26 91 30 57 pts KHCO
40° 50° 60° 70°
34 15 37 92 41 35 45 24 pts KHCO
(Poggiale, A ch (3) 8 468 )

100 pts H2O dissolve pts KHC08 at

t°

Pts KHCOs

t°

Pts KI

0
20

22 4
33 2

40
60

45
46

(Dibbits, J pr (2) 10 417 )

Sp gr of KHCO3H-Aq at 15° conta
5% KHC03 = 1 0328, containing 10% K3
= 10674 (Kohlrausch, Z anal 28 472

Sol in 12CO pts boiling alcohol (Bei
let ) Insol in alcohol (Dumas )

100 pts H2O dissolve 19 3 pts KHCO
8 3 pts NaHC03 if the sat solution of
is sat with foimer, and 26 1 pts KHCO
6 0 pts NaHCOs, if the sat solutron c
former is sat with the latter, all at
(Mulder, J B 1866 67 )

Insol in sat K2C03+Aq (kngel, <
102 365 )

Solubility of KHCO3+KN03 m H2O
atmosphere of CO

It 1 1

ii -

\Iol KIICOi

Mr 1 KNO)

Mr I KIK 0

0 GO

2 55

0 00

0 W

2 17

0 V)

0 7b

2 05

1 >{

1 K)

] 92

1 <)1

1 55

1 SI

in 4
Sol
and
1 in
55°

ingl

ing

aol-

and
bter
and
the
10°

R

I his ci&( is «>mph( il«l b> I IK f u t
K NO 3 is more sol in II O ^ it \\iihCO
in pirn IF O

(louiui, ( J* 1(H)0, 131 2(>1 )

Insol in buizomtiile (Niuininn, li
47 H70)

Insol in methyl icct iti (Niiunini
190<), 42 J7W) ethyl i«titc (Nun
B 1910, 43 314 )

Potassium praseodymium carbonate, K

Pr fC03)3 + 12II20

Ppt Sol in 0%K8CO,+ Vq (Mc>
morg 1904, 41 104 )

hit

li in

)14,

15

nn;

10S,
, Z

CARBONATE, SODILM

203

Potassium samanum carbonate, K2C03.

Sm2(C08)8+12H20
(Cleve )

Potassium silver carbonate, KAgC08

Decomp by H2O (de Schulten, C R

106 811 )
Ppt Decomp byH20 (Reynolds, Chem

Soc 1898, 73 265 )

Potassium sodium carbonate, KNaC03-h
6H20

Slightly efflorescent Sol in 0 75 pt B20
at 12 5°, m 0 54 pt H2O at 15°

Sat solution at 15° has sp gr=1366
(Stolba, J pr 94 406 )

Decomp by recrystaUizing from H20, but
crystallizes undecomposed from sat K2C03+

Ibol in H2O (Osaka, C A 1911 2601 )
See K2CO3+NaoCO3 under Na2C03
+3H20 (Kremann and ZiteV, M 1909

30 317) Does not exist (OsaU)

K2CO3,2Na2C03+18H2O SI efflorescent

Very sol in H20 (Mangnac )

Potassium stannous carbonate, K2C03,

2SnC03+2H20
Decomp byH20 (DeviUe )

Potassium uranyl carbonate, 2K2CO ,
(UO2)C03

Sol without decomp in 13 5 pts H20 at
15°, and in somewhat less warm H20 Sol
in boiling H20 with decomp

More sol in K2C03, or KHCO +Aq than
in H20 (Rose )

Insol in alcohol (Ebelmen, A ch (3) 5
189)

Potassium zinc carbonate, 4K20, 6ZnO,

11C02+8H20
Can be washed with cold H20 without
decomp (Deville, A ch (3) 33 99 )

Praseodymium carbonate, Pr2(CO )3+8H20
Sol m H20 (von Schule, Z anorg 1898,
18 3t>2)

Praseodymium sodium carbonate,

2Pr,(C08)8, 4Na2C03+22H20(?)
Ppt Easily decomp (Meyer, Z anorg
1904,41 105)

Radium carbonate

Loss sol in H2O than corresponding B
conip (Curie, Desert 1903 )

Rubidium carbonate, Rb2CO3

Very deliquescent, and sol in H?0 IOC
pts absolute alcohol dissolve 0 74 pt Rb2C03
(Bunsen )

Rubidium hydrogen carbonate, RbHC03

Not deliquescent Easily sol in H20
(Bunsen )

iamanum carbonate, Sm (CO )s4-3H 0
Insol in HoO (Cleve, BuU Soc (2) 43
68)

Samanum sodium carbonate, Sm

Na2CO*4-16E20
Ppt (Cleve )

Scandium carbonate, So
(Crookes, Roy Soc Proc 1908, 80, A 518 >

Scandium sodium carbonate, Sc2(C03)j,
4Na2COs+6H20

Difficultly sol in HS0

Sol in cold, less sol in hot alkali carbonates
+Aq (R Meyer, Z anorg 1910, 67 410 )

Silver carbonate, Ag2C03

Somewhat sol in H20 Sol in 31,978 pts
H20 at 15° (Kremers, Pogg 85 248 ) 1 g
Ag2C03 dissolves in 2 1 boiling H20 (Joulm,
A ch (4) 30 260 )

Solubility in H20 at 25° = 1 16 x 10-4
mol II (Spencer and Le Pla, Z anorg 1910,
65 14)

1 1 H20 at 25° dissolves 1 2 x ICh4 gram
atoms of silver (Abegg and Cox, Z phys
Ch 1903, 46 in

Insol in H2C03+Aq (Bergman ) Sol in.
961 pts H2C03+Aq (Lassaigne) 1 1 sat
H2C03+Ag dissolves 0 846 g Ag C03 at 15°
: Johnson, C N 54 75)

Sol in (NH4)2C03+Aq 01 NH4OH-fAq,
si sol in K2COs+Aq (Wittstein ) Eagilj
sol in NaoS203+Aq (Herschel, 1819 ) Sol
in hot NH4CI+Aq, and si sol in NH4N03+
Aq (Brett, 1837 ) Not pptd in presence of
Na citrate (Spdler ) Decomp by HC1+
Aq, and chlondes+Aq

Somewhat sol ID cone NalSiOs+Aq (de
Comnck, Belg Acad Bull 1909, 333 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Fianklin, \m Ch
J 1898, 20 829 )

Insol in alcohol

Insol in methyl acetate (Jsaumann B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,

Insol 'm acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Silver carbonate ammonia

Easily sol m H 0 Sol in M^OH-rAq
fiom which it is piecipitated b\ absolute al-
cohol (Berzehus )

Ag2C03, 4NH3 Ppt Insol m alcohol
(Keen, C N 31 231 )

Sodium carbonate, Na C03

Anhydrow Sol in H 0 \\ith evolution of
heat

Hl

NwCOVlOH 0 ib so! m rather le s rh

HaO (Thomson 1S31 )

-

{ t boilm,.

204

CARBONATE, SODIUM

&olubilit\ m 100 pts HaO at t°

Possesses four different degrees of so] bil-
ity, according to different states of mole Qar
constitution and degrees of hydration (L vd,
A ch (3) 44 330 )
Little more sol at 34-38° than at 104° Dut
maximum of solubility is probably at 5°
(Lowel )

t°

0
10
20

Pts
NaaCOs

Pts
NasCOs
•f 10H O

t°

Pts
NajCOs

Pts
NaaC03
-flOHaO

7 08
16 66
30 S3

21 52

Gl 98
123 12

25

30
104 6

35 90
35 90
48 50

171 33
241 57
420 68

(Pogfciale \ ch (3) 8 468 )

Solubility of Na2C03, Na2C03-r-10H20, Na2CO3-f 7H2O (a), and Na2C08+7H2O (6) in 2O

t°

Sat solution of
NaaCOa flOHaO
contains —

Sat solution of
Na2C03+7H2O (6)
contains—-

Sat solution of
Na2C03+7H30 (a)
contains —

Pts

Pts
Na COs-h
10H O in
100 pi s HaO

Pts
NaiCOam
100 pts H2O

Pts
NaaCOs +
7HzO (6) in
100 pts H20

Pts
NaaCOa-H
lOHjO m
100 pts H20

Pts
NaaCOa m
100 pts H 0

Pis
Na2CO3 +
7H2O (a) in
100 pis H2O

Pt

NaaO
10H2
100 pt£

0
10
15
20
25
30
38
104

6 97
12 06
16 20
21 71
28 50
37 24
51 67
45 47

21 33
40 94
63 20
92 82
149 13
273 64
1142 17
539 63

20 39
26 33
29 58
38 55
38 07
43 45

58 93
83 94
100 00
122 25
152 36
196 93

84 28
128 57
160 51
210 58
290 91
447 93

31 93
37 85
41 55
45 79

112 94
150 77
179 90
220 20

188
286
381
556

£20

(Lowel, A ch (3) 33 382 )

100 pts H2O at 14° dissolve 604 pts

Na2C08-HOH20, at 36°, 833 pts, at 104°,

445 pts Solubility increases to 36°, then

diminishes (Payen, A ch (3) 43 233 )

There are apparently two maxima of solu-

bility, the one occumng at 15°, or even lower,

as warm solutions cool, the other at 34-38°,

when cold solutions ne warmed (Payen,

A ch (3) 44 3 *0 )

Solubility 111 ICO pts H20 at t°

PtH

I IM

I ts

t°

NafOi

t

Na C <>3

t

N i C<h

0

7 1

22

21 S

43

40 2

1

7 5

3*

2-> 1

41

46 2

2

7 S

21

2b r>

45

40 2

4

S 4

25

2S 0

4b

40 2

4

8 <)

2(>

20 7

47

40 2

5

9 5

27

il (>

4S

4b 2

(>

10 0

2S

W b

49

40 2

7

10 (>

20

« S

50

40 2

H

11 2

il)

iS 1

51

40 2

9

11 9

31

\\ 1

32

40 2

10

12 b

*2

40 2

5*

40 2

11

H *

*25

50 0

51

40 2

12

14 0

**

4b 2

5)

40 2

H

14 S

H

Ib 2

5(>

40 2

14

15 (>

i5

4b 2

57

40 2

15

10 5

30

4(> 2

5S

40 2

If)

17 4

$7

4b 2

50

40 2

17

18 *

*S

4b 2

(>0

40 2

18

19 3

M

4b 2

01

40 2

19

20 3

40

4b 2

b2

40 2

20

21 4

41

46 2

6i

40 2

21

22 0

42

40 2

04

46 2

Solubility in 100 pts H2O at i°—Contu ed

t

Pts
NaaCOa

t°

Pts
Na2C03

t°

Nt SO.

65

46 2

79

46 2

93

1 T

G6

46 2

80

46 1

94

4 6

67

r46 2

81

46 1

95

4 6

68

46 2

82

46 1

96

4 6

b9

46 2

83

46 0

97

4 5

70

46 2

84

46 0

98

4 5

71

46 2

85

45 9

99

4 5

72

46 2

86

45 0

100

4 4

73

40 2

87

45 8

101

4 4

74

40 2

88

4r> S

102

4 3

75

40 2

89

45 S

103

4 a

76

40 2

90

45 7

101

4 2

77

40 2

91

45 7

105

4 1

78

4b 2

92

45 7

(Muldn, Schtik Vuhindcl 1864

Liable to foim supuaaUn ihd solutioi

Supersat NiC()3+Aq (2 pts Ni
10H 0 1 pt ITU) rniy b< kept in i
closed \\ith cotton wool (Schroder )

When supers it N i CO3+Aq is txposi
lo\\ Unipci ituus, the 1011 () silt oryata
out, but imdt r otlu i < ncunibt nice s two < her
salts an fonmd, coxh cont lining 7ir2O DUG
is four times ab sol at 10° is the 1011 0 alt,
and the oth< r twice ab sol b( c above (I vel,
\ ch (3)33 3J7)

»Sff alv> Na ( 0, + H O, 711 O, ind 10 O

O3,

ask

i to
zcs

CARBONATE, SODIUM

20o

Sp gr of NaaCOs+Aq at 15°

Sp gr of NaoC03-hAq at 17 5C

% NaaCOa

Sp gr

% NaaCOs

Sp gr

%

NaCOa

Na%03
+10HO

Sp gr

^c
NaCCh

k« <*0 Uo gr
-10H C

0 372

0 744
1 116
1 488
1 850
2 232
2 504
2 976
i 348
3 720
4 090
4 464
4 836
> 208
> 580
> f)72
b 324
f> 396
6 768
7 440

1 0040
I 0081
1 0121
1 0163
1 0204
1 0245
1 0286
1 0327
1 0368
1 0410
1 0452
1 0494
1 0537
1 0576
1 0625
1 0669
1 0713
1 0757
1 0802
1 0847

7 812
8 184
S 556
8 928
9 300
9 672
10 044
10 416
10 788
11 160
11 532
11 904
12 276
12 648
13 020
13 392
13 764
14 136
14 508
14 880

1 0892
1 0937
1 0982
1 1028
1 1074
1 1120
1 1167
1 1214
1 1261
1 1308
1 1356
1 1404
1 1452
1 loOO
1 1549
3 1598
1 1648
1 1698
1 1748
1 1816

1
2

3
4
5
6

7
8

2 70
5 40
8 10
10 18
13 50
16 20
18 90
21 60

1 010
1 020
1 031
1 041
1 052
1 063
1 073
1 084

9
10
11
12
13
14
15

24 30
27 00
29 70
32 40
35 10
37 80
40 50

1 095
1 105
1 116
1 127
1 137
1 148
1 157

(Eager)

Sp gr of Na2C03-f Aq increases or di-
minishes by a change of temperature of 1° bj
;he following amounts —

(Tftnnerman )
Sp gr ofNa2C08+Aqatl50

Corr

% Na2CO3

0 0004
0 00033
0 00026

13-15
8-12
3-7

%

*«jy?"

Sp gr if % is
Na2C03+10H20

(Eager, Comm 1883 )
Sp gr of cone Na2C03+Aq at 30°

1
2
3

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Ib
17
18
10
20
21
22
23
24
25
2(>
27
2S
2(>
30
31
i2
J3
34
35
3(>
37
<38

1 0105
1 0210
1 0315
1 0420
1 0525
1 0631
1 0737
1 0843
1 0950
1 1057
1 1165
1 1274
1 1384
1 1495

1 004
1 008
1 012
1 016
1 020
1 023
1 027
1 031
1 035
1 039
1 043
1 047
1 050
1 054
1 058
1 062
1 066
1 070
1 074
I 078
1 082
1 086
1 0%
1 094
1 099
1 103
1 106
1 110
1 114
1 119
1 123
1 126
1 130
1 135
1 139
1 143
1 147
1 150

Sp gr

Na'cOs

\aCOa
in 1 1

Sp gr

NaCOs

Nafbo
in 1 1

1 310
1 300
1 290
1 280
1 270
1 260
1 250
1 240
1 230

28 13
27 30
26 4b
25 62
24 78
23 93
23 08
22 21
21 33

368 5
354 9
341 3
327 9
314 7
301 5
288 5
275 4
262 3

1 220
1 210
1 200
1 190
1 180
1 170
1 160
1 150
1 140

20 47
19 61
18 76
17 90
17 04
16 18
15 32
14 47
13 62

249 7
237 3
225 1
214 0
201 1
189 3
177 7
166 4
155 3

(Lunge, Chem Ind 1882 320 )
Sp gr of Na2C03+Aq at 23°

oq
°M

1-
^4.

£

NaCOa

bp gr

So
£S

?S
^+

\afcOs

Sp gr

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

0 370
0 741
1 112
1 48°
1 853
2 223
2 594
2 965
3 335
3 706
4 076
4 447
4 817
5 188
5 558

1 0038
1 0076
1 0114
1 0153
1 0192
1 0231
1 0271
1 0309
1 0348
1 0388
1 0428
1 0468
1 0508
1 0548
1 0588

16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

5 929
6 299
6 670
7 041
7 412
7 782
8 153
8 523
8 894
9 264
9 635
10 005
10 376
10 746
11 118

1 0628
1 0668
1 070S
1 0748
1 0789
1 0836
1 0871
1 0912
1 0953
1 0994
1 1035
1 1076
1 1117
1 1158
1 1200

(Gerlach, Z anal 8 279 )

206

CARBONATE, SODIUM

Sp gr of NA2C084-Aq at 23°

Sp gr of Na2C03+Aq at t° H2O at <

31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40

NaCOs

488
859
230
600
971
341
712
082
530
824

Sp gr

1242
1284
1326
1368
1410
1452
1494
1536
1578
1620

So

41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

Na:

15 195
15 556

15 936

16 307

16 677

17 048
17 418

17 789

18 159
18 530

Sp gr

60°

1662
1704
1746
1788
1830
1873
1916
1959
2002
2045

80°

NaaCOi

28 74
25 20
22 25
18 23
14 06

28 59
18 26

Sp gr

1 297
1 254<
1 219
1 174(
1 127

1 280,
1 160.

(Schiff,A 113 186)

Sp gr of Na2C08+Aq afc 23 3° a=number
of grms X H naol wt , dissolved in 1000
grms H20, 6=sp gr if a=Na2CO3,
10H20 (J^mol wt =143), c=sp gr if
a=Na2C08 (Vz mol wt =53)

1 048
1 086
1 117

1 142

1 052
1 100
1 145
1 187

1 163
1 182
1 198

1 226

(Favre and Valson, C R 79

Sp gr of Na2C03+Aq at 18°

NaSlOi

Sp gr

Na2&O3

Sp gr

5

10

1 0511
1 1044

15

1 1590

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )
Sp gr ofNa2C03+Aq

g equivalents
NajCOs per 1

t

Sp fcr t It

0 002524

16 004

1 0001418

0 005041

16 026

1 0002844

0 01006

16 049

1 000568

0 02501

16 028

1 001413

0 04954

16 050

1 002789

0 10188

16 030

1 005699

0 24646

16 041

1 013598

0 002628

16 051

1 0001473

0 003948

16 088

1 0002216

0 009182

16 081

1 0005181

0 01830

16 089

1 001033

0 10842

16 042

1 006048

0 21570

16 055

1 011910

0 4297

15 14

1 02346

2 5015

16 05

1 12533

(Wegscheider, M 1905,26 690)

Sp gr of dil Na2C03+Aq at 20 004*
Cone =g equiv Na2C03 per 1 at 20 04°
and 730 mm
Sp gr compared with H20 at 20 004 -1

Cone

0 0000
0 0001
0 0002
0 0004
0 0005
0 0010
0 0020
0 0040
0 0050
0 0100

Sp gr

1 000,000,0
1 000,005,6
1 000,011,2
1 000,022,5
1 000,028,1
1 000,056,3
1 000,112,7
1 000,225,8
1 000,282,4
1 000,564,8

(Lamb and Lee, J Am Chem Soc 1913 15
1685)

Na2C03+Aq containing 5% Na2CO3 1 ils

at 100 5°, 10% Na C03, at 101 1°, ] %
]^a2C03, at 101 8° (Gerlach )

Sat solution boils at 1044° (Gnffi is,
1825), 106° (Kremers), 104° (Payen )

Sat solution forms a crust at 104 1°, id

contains 42 2 pts Na2C03 to 100 pts P 3,

highest temperature observed, 105° (( r-
lach, Z anal 26 427 )

B-pt of Na2C03-hAq containing ptb Na2< )3

to 100 pts H2O G = aecoidmg to ( r-

lach (Z anal 26 458), L = according bo
Logrand (A ch (2) 59 420)

H pt

100 5°

101 0

101 5

102 0

102 5

103 0

5 2

10 4
15 b
20 8
2b 0
31 1

i

7 5
14 4
20 8
26 7
32 0
36 8

H pt

103 r>°

104 0
104 5

104 bi

105 0

JO 2
41 2
4b 2

51 2

4 0

4 7

4 9

4 5

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1894, 53 26 )

Less sol in dil NH4OH+Aq than in H
(Fresemus )

See also under Ammonia

Solubility of Na2C03 +NH4C1 Sec un
Ammonium Chloride

Solubility of Na2C03+K2C03 See un
Carbonate, potassium

CARBONATE, SODIUM

207

The reciprocal solubility of sodium car-
bonate and sodium hydrogen carbonate in
H20 has been determined (de Paepe, C A
1911, 2603, and 1912, 2723 )

Solubility of Na2C08-fNaHC03 m H20 at
25°

Solubility of Na2C08-t-NaBr in H2O at 30°

g per 100 g HaO

Solid phase

NaECCh

NaaCOs

0
2 1
4 2
5 7
7 3
9 0
10 1

28 3
27 3
26 5
19 2
12 4
6 2
1 0

Na2CO3 10H2O

a

Na2COs 10H20+NaHC03
NaHCOa

(C

((
It

(de Paepe, Bull Soc Chun Belg 1911, 25

Solubility of Na2C08+NaHC03 in H20 at
25°

27 98

27 54

26 72

26 23

23 40

22 68

19 86

19 57

18 11

8 45

6 90

3 04

2 99

2 60

0

g perl

NaHCOs NaaCOs

98 7

50 8
27 6

0 0

0 0
216 6
276 3

276 4

Solid phase

NaHC03

NaHCOa+NasCOs NaHCOs 2H O
Na2C03 NaHCOs 2H2O+Na2C03

lOH^O
NasCOa 10H2O

(McCoy and Test, J Am Chem Soc 1911,
33 474 )

Equilibrium between Na C03, NaHCO3
and CO2 See under Carbonate, sodium
hydrogen

Solubility of NaNO3 m Na2C03+Aq at 10*

In 1000 p<m HO

805 0

704 8

Na COi

87 5

119 8

feohd ph isc

NaN08

NaNO3, Na2C03
Na2C03

(Kreminn, M 1909, 30 325 )
Solubility of NaNOs in Na2CO3+Aq at 24 2C

In 1000 (fin HO

MaNCh

Ni/Oj

913 58
S44 50
627 75
544 3
459 6

59 61
217 85
246 30
263 30

28 55

Solid phase

NaN03

a

NaNO34-Na2C037H2O

Na2C03 7H20
Na2C08 10H20
Na2C03 10H20

(Kremann )

%
NaBr

0

2 41
4 06
6 26

11 00

12 22
16 88
16 95
19 32
33 39
36 13

44 75

45 31
45 68
49 40

Solid phase

Na COa 10H O

Na CDs 30H O+Na2CO3 7H O
Na COs 7HaO

Na C03 7H O +Na2COa H2O
Na C03.H O

NaBr 2H O + NaaCOs H O
NaBr2H2O

(Cocheret, Dissert 1911 )

Solubihty m NaCl+Aq 100 pts H2O dis-
solve pts NaCI and pts Na2CO+10H2O,
when that salt is in excess at 15°

Pts

NaCI

0 00

4 03

8 02

12 02

16 05

19 82

Pts

NasCOs
+10HO

61 42
53 86
48 00
43 78
40 96
39 46

Pts
NaCJ

23 70
27 93
31 65
35 46

sat
37 27

Pts

NaaCOs
+10HO

39 06
39 73
41 44
43 77

45 32

Solubihty of anhydrous Na2C03 m 100 pts
NaCl+Aq containing % NaCI at 15°

% NaCI

0
1
2
3
4
5
b
7
8
0

10
11

Pts NaaCOs

16 408
15 717
15 060
14 438
13 851
13 299
12 783
12 305
11 864
11 461
11 0<>7
10 773

, Nad

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

Pts Na COs

10 488
10 244
10 041
9 880
9 762
9 686
9 655
9 667
9 725
9 828
9 997

(Reich, W A B 99, 2b 433 )
Solubihty of Na2CO3+NaCl m H2O at 30°

( /
NnCOs

%

NaCI

Solid phase

27 98

0

\n COi lOinO

27 48

0 9

27 12

3 33

26 82

4 15

Ni CO JOH O+JSh C()j7Il 0

25 59

5 17

NaC(h7H 0

24 26

5 93

CARBONATE, SODIUM

Solubility of Na2CO3+NaCl in H2O at
30°— CowfcTmed

Solubility of Na2CO8 in alcohol +H20 at 3<

>
L

r

I

r
$

t

>

t

% Na2COs % alcohol

Solid phase

Na2?0

3 N^fel

Solid phase

27 4 0
26 61 2 64
(26 14* 3 411*
1 1 38 44 81 /
0 62 52 99
0 61 53 26
0 53 55 70
0 51 56 56
0 47 62 61
0 40 63 20
0 15 72 80
0 11 73 06
0 07 78 19
0 07 82 26
0 06 86 76
0 06 90 95
0 04 93 09
0 03 95 06
95 65
98 46

Na2CO3 lOHuO

Na COs 10H O+Na2CO? 7H
NaCO 7H2O

NasCOs 7H2O +Na2CO5 H2<
Nn C03 H2O

NaCOsHaO-f-NaitCOj
NaCOa

22 75
20 72
18 00
14 81
9 71
5 05
0

10 24
11 49
14 12
16 26
18 76
21 94
26 47

Na CO 7H2O +Na COs H 0
Na2COs H2O
NaCl+NasCOsHaO

NaCl

(Cocheret, Dissert 1911 )
Solubility of Na2C03+NaI in H2O at 30°

> aafiOs

&

Solid phase

27 4
26 5
25 5
25 2
24 4
24 3
23 0
20 8
20 0
18 7
15 3
13 1
10 4
6 4
4 2
3 1
2 7
1 5
0 9
0 6
0 3
0 0

0
2 4
4 7
5 2
8 6
9 5
11 2
14 0
15 7
18 4
25 4
29 1
33 3
40 4
46 0
49 5
51 0
54 6
57 6
61 2
65 6
65 5

NaaCOs 10H2O

NisCOi 10H O+Na COs 7H O
Na COa 7H2O

Na CO3 7H O-, Na2CO3 H O
Na COT HiO

Mil JII <H Ni CO H (J
NTaI 2ri 0

* Conjugated liquid phases
(Cocheret, Dissert 1911 )
See also under Na2C08+H2O, +7H20 ai
+10H20

Not decomp by 1 pt H2S04+6 pts a
solute alcohol
Not decomp by alcoholic solutions of rac
mi", tartanc, or glacial acetic acids, slow
decomp by HNOa -{-absolute alcohol
Solubility of Na2C03+NaBr, NaCl ai
Nal in alcohol Numerical data given I
Cocheret (Dissert 1911), reported m Pabl
annuelles mternationalos des Constants, et
for 1911

Solubility of Na^CO-j in piopyl alcohol at 2C

Mfohol \\ t jx r < < nl

k Nn( > Mr 100 K
soli t ion

(Cocheret, Dissert 1911 )

Insol in liquid C02 (Buchncr, Z phys
Ch 1906, 54 674 )
Insol in liquid NHs (Franklin, Am Ch
J 189S, 20 829)
Insol in alcohol (Fresenius )
SI sol in absolute alcohol, apparently msol
in an alcoholic solution of soap (DuiTy,
Chem Soc 6 305)

Solubility of Na2CO3 in ethyl alcohol at ^0°

2S
iS
44
4b
4S
50
54
<>2

* 4
2 7
1 7
1 5
1 '»
1 2
0 <)
0 4

(Imcbirgd, A Ch J 1V)J, 14 *SO )

A full discusbion of the solubility of Na C<
in piop>l and ill>l alcohol is ^i\< n by I'rari
forter irul l<rnpl< (J Am Ch Soo 1915,3
2097)
Insol in CS (Arcto\\ski. / inorg 18^
6 257)
Insol in bcnzoiutnle (Nauminn. B 191
47 1370)
Insol in methyl acetate (Naurnann,
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Nauman
B 1904, 37 3602 )

, , . k N i ( <>a !><r 100 k
An on ) \\l pi rum bolutioti

44 1 7
46 1 13
4S 09
50 0 84
54 0 80

(Lmebarger, A Ch J 1892, 14 380 )

CARBONATE, SODIUM 209

Solubility in mixtures of pyndine and H20
from —65° to +200° Solubility curves are

Solubility in 100 pts H20 at t°

given (Limbosch, Chem Soc 1909, 96 (2),

Corrected t°
(Hydrogen scale)

Pts
anh\ drous alt

Insol in acetone and in methylal (Eid-
mann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

30 35

43 50

tOO g glycerine (sp gro=1262) dissolve

31 82
32 86

45 16
46 28

Pharm J 1907 79 ^7^ \ vussenaowski,

34 37

48 22

100 g sat solution in glycol contain 3 28-
3 4 g Na2C03 (de Comnck, Bull Soc Bels
1907, 21 141 ) &

34 76
35 15
35 17

48 98
49 23
49 34

. i°° i! sat Na COa+sugar+Aq contain

35 62

50 08

J5 • g JNa2<J03+6473 g sugar at „**
(JKohler, Z Ver Zuckerina 1897, 47 447 )

+H20 Takes up H20 from the air Less
sol in HoO at 104° than at 38°, at 15-20°, 100
pts H20 dissolve 52 4 pts of this salt, cal-
culated as Na2C08 Insol in alcohol
(Lowel )

Solubility in 100 pts H20 at t°

Corrected t°
(Hydrogen scale)

Pts
anhydrous salt

29 86

50 53

29 89

50 75

31 80

50 31

35 17

49 63

35 37

49 67

35 66

49 37

35 86

49 44

36 45

49 36

3b 90

49 29

37 91

49 11

38 92

49 09

40 94

48 51

40 93

48 52

43 94

47 98

(Wells ind McAdam, J Am Chem Soc 1907,
29 726)

Solubility in alcohol + \q
Composition of the alcohol and water layeis
in contiot with the solid phase Na2COa+H20

08
49
40
to
35

\1( ohol layer

Ll«>!inl
r)r) S

(>L 0

(>l 0

()2 0

<>2 9

0 <)

0 4

0 4

0 *

0 3

watu

%
alcohol

43 3

38 ()
38 6
37 7
36 8

Water layer

2 3
1 2

1 0

salt

28 8
31 5

31 9

32 1
32 4

%

water

68 9
67 3
66 9
66 8
66 6

(KUn<i,Z phys Ch 1902,39 651)

+ m<) (Schickendantz, A 165 359)
+ 5H 0 (Pcrsoz, Pogg 32 303 )
Not ( ffloi oscent Sol in H20
+bII2() (Mitscherhch, Pogg 8 441 )
+7H2O Lffloiescent Two salts, 7H20

(6) ( = 4- 8H 0 of Thomson), and 7H20

(a) *S« a/so under Na2C03

(Wells and McAdam, J Am Chem Soc 1907,
29 726)

Composition of the solutions which can be
in equilibrium with Na2CO«-j-7H2OjS at
different temperatures

32 1

32 5

33 3
33 9
345

i\a«COi

31 8

32 1

32 7

33 0
33 9

(Ketner, Z phys Ch 1902, 39 646 )

Composition of the alcohol and water layers
in contact with the solid phase, Na2CO3+
7H2Oj3, at different temperatures

vo ~'o Vo

alcohol salt \vater

33 2
32 3
31 9
31 45
31 2

Alcohol lajer

58 1
56 1
54 8
53 5
52 4

0 5
0 6
0 7
0 7
0 8

42 4

43 3

44 5

45 8

46 8

Water lajer

cobol

1 4
1 5
1 7

%

salt

31 0
30 2
29 8
29 3
29 3

vrater

67 6

68 3
68 5

(Ketner )

Composition of the two liquid layers which
at different temperatures can be in
metastabile equilibrium with Na2CQ3-f

28 9
26 6
23 0

Alcohol laj-er

alcohol salt \v ater

46 9
39 1
24 5

1 3
1 3

6 7

51 8
59 6

\\ ater la> er

^c al
cohol

2 3

3 3

7 0

salt

26 3
25 4
20 2

•water

71 4

71 3

72 8

(Ketnei )

+10H20 Lifloiescent Sol in 105 pts
HoO at 23°, and sat solution has sp gr
1 1995 (Schiff, A 109 326 )

Melts in crystal H20 at 34° (Tilden,
Chem Soc 45 409 )

See above under Na2C03 for further data

210

CARBONATE, SODIUM HYDROGEN

Solubility in 100 pts H20 at t°

Composit
be ir
and
peral

,ion of the alcohol liquids whic eawa
i equilibrium with Na2C08-f- 1 H*Q
Na2CO3+7H2O£ at different bemr
;ures

Corrected t° Pts
(Hydrogen scale) anhydrous salt

27 84 34 20

t°

% alcohol % salt

% w er

90 33 37 Aft

29 85 38 89

29°

62 3 C 3

37 fc

30 35 40 12

26°

67 8 01

32 L

31 45 43 25

21°

73 3 C 06

2b >

31 Afi AQ OK

t>i DO *to yo
31 72 44 21

(Ketner )

32 06 45 64

See also

under Na2COs

(Wells and McAdam, J Am Chem Soc 1907.

+15H2O (Jacquelaui, A 80 241 )

29 726)

Sodium hydrogen carbonate, NaHC03

100 pts cold H2O dissolve 7 7 pts NaHCOs I oao

Sat solution at 25° contains 29 37 g anhyd
Na2C08 in 100 g H20 (Osaka, J Tok Ch

Schw J 6 52)
100 pts H20 at 11 25° dissolve 8 27 pts NaHC h to
form solution of 1 061 3 sp gr (Anthon Dmgl 16L.

Sor* 1Q11 32 87H "\

216 )

Sat solution at 25° contains 28 3 g anhyd
Na2C03 in 100 g H20 (de Paepe, Bull Soc
Chun Belg 1911, 25 174 )
Sat solution at 30° contains 27 4r-27 98 g
aahyd Na^COs in 100 g of the solution
(Cocheret, Dissert 1911)

100 pts H20 dissolve at—
0° 10° 20° 30°
8 95 10 04 11 15 12 24 pts NaHCC ,

40° 50° 60° 70°
1335 1445 1557 16 69 pts NaHCC

Sat solution at 25° contains 27 64 g anhyd
NaaCOs in 100 cc of the solution (McCoy
and Test, J Am Chem Soc 1911, 33 474 )

(Poggiale, A ch (3) 8 468 )
100 pts H2O dissolve pts NaHC08 at °

Pts

Pts

p

Solubility in alcohol

t°

NaHCO

t°

NaHCOj

t°

NuJF 0;

Composition of the alcohol and water layers
in contact with the solid phase, Na2C03+
lO-H^O, at different temperatures

0
1
2
3

6 90
7 00
7 10
7 20

7 OK

21
22
23

24

OK

9 75
9 90
10 05
10 20

42
43
44
45

13 )5
13 >0
13 10
13 >r>

Alcohol layer Water laver

5

oo

7 45

Jo

| 26

10 35
10 50

47

13 5
13 >0

% % % % al % %

e>

7 60

27

10 65

48

14 0

alcohol salt uater cohol salt water

7

7 70

28

10 SO

49

14 0

30 6 47 8 12 51 0 23 27 8 69 9

297 400 21 579 29 255 71 b
29 0 32 7 38 63 5 43 22 7 73 0
.? 2_ 23 5 73 692 79 186 735

8
9
10
11
12

7 85
8 00
8 15
8 25
8 40

29
30
31
32
33

10 95
11 10
11 25
11 40
11 5">

50
51
52
53
54

14 r>
14 5
14 5
15 0
15 0

(Ketner, Z phys Ch 1902, 39 651 )

13
14

8 55
8 70

34
35

11 70
11 00

55

15 f)

15 f)

Solubility in alcohol +Aq

15
16

8 85
9 00

37

12 05
12 20

57
5S

15 )

17

9 lr

)

38

12 *5

>')

J (> T

LiqUldS WKcCoT+&2noea?^nUm **"

18
19
20

9 30
9 40
9 GO

39
40
41

12 50
12 70
12 90

(,o

16 )

'7o aieonol % 8alt % ^^

(Dibbite, J pi (2) 10 417)

li Vi ti

Experiments with solutions of sodium >-
irogen carbonate show tint they # ulu Jy
iecompose after a time ( I ro idwcll L anc K

3Q 2 ? 2 70 7

1898, 17 204 ) ^

*82 {| »« ,

_?»_JL_1L'

The source of on or of in my solubility c-
^rmmations of this bubstui(( is due to J as
*F9? Solufclons exposed f o tin air lose C >*
McCoy, Am Ch J 190 i, 29 4 Js )

(Ketner;) " ~~~ I

1 1 sat solution at 25° contains 98 4 ir
JaHCpa (McCoy and 1 est, J Am Che n

— £

5oc 1911, 33 474 )

CARBONATE, SODIUM HYDROGEN

211

NaHCOs -j-Aq sat at 16° has sp gr =
106904 (Stoltfa)

Temperature, 75° C

Nearly insol m sat NaCl, or Na2S04-|-Aq
(Balmain, B 6 121 )

Gram
atoms Na

Amount
solution used
for titration

Amount
Na combined
as NaaCOs

Amount
Na combined
as NaHCOs

Equilibrium between Na2C05 and NaHCOs

per liter

cc

Per cent

Per cent

m HaO and m contact with the air
System Na2CO3, NaHCO8, and C02

0 003

50

OK

25 7

74 3

Temperature, 25° C

25

25

Gram,
atoms Na
I>or liter

Amount
solution used
for titration
cc

Amount
Na combined
as NaaCOs
Per cent

Amount Na
combined as
NaHCOs
Per cent

0 019
0 036

20
20
10

34 B
55 7

65 2
44 3

10

0 0044

50

8 7

91 3

0 270

JL\J

5

79 5

20 5

50

5

0 0143

20

20 0

80 0

0 702

1

85 0

15 0

20

1

0 0562

10

37 3

62 7

6 56

1

84 8

15 2

OOO/i O

10

t rv

Kfl O

1

ji^4o
0 8847

lu
10

2

oy o

64 0

40 7
36 0

System Na2C03 and NaHCO3

at 25° C

2
4

Total salts

Na2CO3 NaHCOs

o

dissolved

Temperature, 37° C

grams

Weight
Grams ]

Per cent Grains Per cent

( ram
if >m« Na
p( r ht( r

Amount
solution UH< tl
for titration
u

Amount
Nu combined
as NajCO3
Per cent

Amount
Na combined
as NaHCOs
Per cent

0 3555
1 1053
4 0443

0 0203
0 1505
1 1041

5 71 0 3352 94 29
13 62 0 9548 86 38
27 30 2 9402 72 70

14 6558

7 0212

47 QI 7 A

3AA *9 HQ

0 0019

50

r*n

10 5

89 5

56 3982

1 \JU J.&I

29 8223

^ti *yj. i \jtj-3L\j \tf* \j\*

52 88 26 5759 47 12

0 C071

5U
20
20

21 1

78 9

(Cameron and Briggs, J phys Chem 1901,
5 540)

0 027<>

K

41 3

58 7

10

100 g alcohol of 0 941 sp gr dissolve 1 2 g

0 (MO

H

64 5

35 5

NaHCOs at 15 5°

10

100 g glycerol dissolve 8 g NaHCOs at

0 -421

2

81 9

18 1

15 5° (Ossendowski, Pharm J

1907, 79

2

575)

0 Mr>

2

SO 5

H 5

Insol in acetone

(Naumann, B 1904, 37

2

4329)

I 705

2 +

Si 4

16 6

Insol in methyl

acetate (Naumann, B

2

1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate

(Naumann,

B1Q1O 4.3 ^14. 1

1 < mp( ratun , 50° C

liyJLV/7 TtO OJ-Tt )

Insol in acetone J,nd in methylal (Eid-

rrmrm O O 1899 II

1014 )

\ mount

\mmuit

Amount

IIuLll.ll, \~J \~l AWv«7, -LX

< I Mill

llllt K tl IIS< 1

Nil < OMll>lI)< I

Nil ( oinhiiH (1

it nut \ t

f >r htittti n

is Nu C O,

!IH NllIICOi

Sodium ^"hydrogen bicarbonate,

|> I llt< i

«

I ( t « lit

I < r mil

N<i4H2(CO )3+3H20

0 0017
0 0071

50
J)

20

22 2
J2 ()

77 8

More sol thin NaliCOa, loss sol than
Nii.CO, m H 0 (Rose, Pogg 34 160 )
100 pts H2O dibsolvc, calculated as 2Na2O,

20

3C()2

I) 0201)

10

r>() 7

40 *

it 0° 12 (>4 ptb

it 60° 2968pt&

20

11 10° 15 50 '

" 70° 3255 "

0 101 1

1(»

70 0

50 0

" 20° 18 30 '

" 80° 358 "

10

" 30° 21 15 '

" ()0° 3863 "

O !()<>(>

10

SJ 0

19 0

" 40° 23 95 '

" 100° 41 59 "

2

" 50° 26 78 '

0 S(K>S

2

SO S

15 2

(Poggiale, A

ch (3) 8 468)

I 71S<>

1 1

S7 1

12 9

Mm rrona, Urao 8(e Na3H(CO8)2+

212

CARBONATE, SODIUM HYDROGEN

hydrogen carbonate, Na3H(C03)2
4-2H2O
Sol m H20

True formula of "Trona" and "Urao "
(Zepharovich, Zeit Kryst 13 135, de Mon-
desir, C R 104 1505 )

Sodium thorium carbonate, 3Na2C03,

Th(C08)2-fl2H20
Decomp by H20 (Cleve )

Sodium uranyl carbonate, 2Na2C03,

(UO,)CO,

Slowly sol mH2O Solution sat at 15° has
sp gr =1 161 (Anthon, Dmgl 156 207 )

Sodium yttrium carbonate, Na2C03, Y2(C03)3
-HH20

Ppt Notdeeomp by cold H20 (Cleve)

Sodium zuic carbonate, 3Na20, 8ZnO 11C02

+8H2O=3Na2C08, 8ZnC03+8H2O
SI decomp bypureH2O (Wohler)
Less easily decomp by H2O than most

double carbonates (Deville, A ch (3) 33

101)
Na20, 3ZnO, 4C02+3H20 (Kraut, Z

anorg 1897, 13 13 )

Sodium carbonate sulphite, Na2C03, 2Na2S03

+21H20

Sol in hot H2O, si sol m cold H20 (John-
son, J Soc Chem Ind 1895, 14 271 )

Strontium carbonate, SrCO3

Sol in 18,045 pts H20 at ordinary temp
(Fresemus )

Sol in 12,522 pts H20 at 15° (Kremers,
Pogg 85 247 )

Sol m 33,000 pts H20 (Bineau, C R 41
511)

Less sol in H 0 than SrSO4 (Dulong )

Sol m 1536 pts boiling H>0 (Hope,
Edmb Trans 4 5 )

Calculated from electncal conductivity of
SiCOs-fAq, SiCOj is t>ol in 121,760 pts
H20 at 8 8° and 91,468 pts at 243° (Hollo-
mann, Z phvs> Ch 12 130)

1 1 H2O dissolves 11 mg SrCOs at 18°
(Kohlrausch and Rose, Z phys Ch 12 241 )

"Solubility pioduct" = 1567 X 10-10 mol
htic (McCoy and Smith, J Am Chem
Soc 1911, 33 473)

Sol in 833 pts H2CO3-|-4q at 10°
(Gmelm )

Sol m 56,545 pts H () containing NH401I
and (NH4)2CO,

Quite sol in NH4Cl+Aq or NH4N03+Aq,
but reprecipit itcd on addition of NH4OH and
(NHOiCOa+Aq (Fiesemus )

Partially decomp by boiling with aqueous
solutions of KJ3O4, Na2S04, Ca*S04,
(NH4)2SO4, MgS04, Na2HP04, (NH4) HP04,
K2SO3, Na,SO, (NH4)2fe03, Na2B4O7,

Na2As02, K2As02, K2C204, Na2C204, NaF
and K2CrO4 Decomp is complete with th<
NH4 salts (Dulong, A ch 82 286 )

SI decomp by Na2S04, or K2SO4+Aq
(Persoz )

Easily sol in NH4 chloride, nitrate, o
succinate+Aq, but less so than BaCO<
(Fresenius ) Sol in ferric salts -f-Aq, witl
pptn of Fe2OeH6 Sol in Na citrate +Aq
(Spiller ) Not decomp by a mixture of 1 pt
H2S04 and 6 pts absolute alcohol, or by al
coholic solutions of tartaric, racemic. citnc
or glacial acetic acids, immediately decom]:
by HNOs+absolute alcohol, or H2C204H
abs alcohol

Solubihty of SrC03 in NH4Cl+Aq

% NH4C1

% SrCOs

5 35
10
20

0 179
0 259
0 358

1900 )

(Cantom and Gogueha, Bull Soc 1905, (
33 13)

Insol in liquid NH3 (Fianklm, Am C]
J 1898, 20 829 )

Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann, I
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumarr
B 1904, 37 3602 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 3 ,
4329)

Insol in acetone and in methylal (Ei<
mann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Mm Strontiamte

Strontium hydrogen carbonate

SrCOs is sol in 850 pts of \ sat solution f
CO2 m HjO

Strontium uranyl carbonate, SiO, 2UO3, 2C< ..

+16H 0
Ab B i comp (Blmkoff,

Terbium carbonate

Ppt Insol m cxuss (NH4)
(Potratz, C N 1905, 92 i )

Thallous carbonate, 1 1 C ( ) «

100 pts 11 0 dissolve ptb 11 U)3 (C= -
coidnig to Ciookis, I = ucoiding to Lam )
at—

155° 18° <>2° 100° 10()S°
42 r>2i 12 S5 272 22 1 pts 112C( t
C I L ( I

Insol ina,bsolut( ilcoliol ( I ), uid ( thcr (< )
Insol in ao( tout and [)\ i uliut (N unnai ir

B 1904, 37 4 i29 )

Insol m mtthyl icctiU (Niuininn, i

1909,42 3790)

Thallous carbonate, acid, 1 1 O, 2CO2

Rathei easily sol m cold HO (Carst i-
jcn )

CARBONATE, ZIRCONIUM

213

™TC03 (Giorgis, Gazz ch it 1894, 24
~*

, Tl2COa,

SI sol in hot, msol in cold H20 (Fris-
well, Chem Soc (2) 9 461 )

Thorium carbonate, basic, 2Th02, C02+
0.020

Insol in C02+Aq, but sol in excess of
alkali carbonates-hAq, if cone

Tin (stannous) carbonate, 2SnO, C02

Easily decomp OD air, msol in H20 or
H2CO8+Aq (Deville, A ch (3)35 448)

Uranyl carbonate, basic, 5(U02)(OH)2,

3(U02)C08+6H20
Ppt (Seubert and Elten, Z anorg 1893,

Ytterbium carbonate, basic, Yb(OH)C08+

H20
Ppt (Cleve, Z anorg 1902, 32 146 )

Ytterbium carbonate, Yb2(C08)3+4H20
Ppt (Cleve, Z anorg 1902, 32 146 )

Yttrium carbonate, Y2(C08)3+3H20

Insol in H2O, very si sol in H2C03+Aq
Sol in S02+Aq and all mineral acids Sol
in NH4 salts, and alkali carbonates -fAq to
some extent More sol in (NH4)2C03+Aq
than in K2CO3+Aq (Berlin ) More sol in
(NELOaCOs-HAq than cerium, but 5 or 6
times less sol than glucinum carbonate
( Vauquelin ) Sol in large excess of KHC03 +
Aq (Rose ) Slowly sol in NH4 salts +Aq
(Berzehus )

Zinc carbonates, basic, 8ZnO, C02-f2H20,

5ZnO, 2C02+3, or 7H20, 3ZnO, C02+

H2O, HZnO, 4C02+14H20, 14ZnO,

5CO2+QH20, 2ZnO, C02+H20, 8ZnO}

3C02+5H20, etc

All ppts formed from Zn salts and carbo-

nates -fAq Sol in 2000-3000 pts cold H20,

separates out on heating and does not redis-

foolve on cooling (Schmdler ) Sol m 20,895

pts H2O at 15° (Kremers, Pogg 85 248 )

hoi in 44,600 pts H2O at ord temp (Fre-

senms )

Sol in 1428 pts sat H2C03+Aq (Las
saigne ) feol m 189 pts H2C084-Aq sat at
4-6 atmos (Wagner, Z anal 6 107 ) Easily
sol m KOH, NaOH, NH4OH, (NH4)2C03+
Aq, and in acids Somewhat sol in alkali
bicarbonates and NH4 salts +Aq (Frese-
mus ) Sol in hot (Fuchs), also cold (Brett,
1837) NH4Cl+Aq, less sol in NH4N03+Aq
(Brett )

Sol in all NH4 salts+Aq excepting (NH4)2S
+Aq (Terrell, BuU Soc (2) 9 441 )

B Insol in ZXa C03, or K C08+Aq Sol in
:emc salts -f A.q with pptn of FeoOeHc
[Fuchs, 1831 )

The carbonates described by Boussmgault,
Wackenroder, Rose, and probably aU salts
between ZnO, CO2 and 5ZnO, 2COS are mix-
tures (Kraut, Z anorg 1897, 13 1-15 )

3ZnO, C02+2H20 Mm Zinc bloom, Hy-
drozinate

ZnC03, 3ZnO2H2 Aim luncalate

Zinc carbonate, ZnC03

1 1 H2O at 15° dissolves 0 01 g , 1 1 H20
dissolves 1 64 x 10-1 mols , or 0 206 g ZnCOg
at 25° (Ageno and \alla. A.tt ace Line
1911, 20, II 706 )

1 1 5 85% NaCl+ lq dissolves 0 0586 g,
11 7 45% KCl-hAq dissolves 0 0477 g ZnCO,
(Essen, Gm-K 4,1 680)

Sol in acids, KOH-Kq, and NH4 salts+
Aq

Sol in H2C03+Aq

Solubihty in vanous salts 4- 4q

Solvent

10% NaNOa+Aq
sat NaNOs+Aq
5%NaCl+^q

10% NaCl+Aq
sat NaCl-hAq

10%Na2S04+\q
sat NaS04+Aq

g ZnCOa sol in 1 I of
the soh ent

0 058981
0 149000
0 021730
0 046564
0 130380
0 009313
0 015521

(Ehlert, Z Elektrochem 1912, 18 728 )

Insol in liquid NHS (Franklin, \m Ch
J 1898, 20 830 )

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Xaumann, B
1909, 42 3790), eth>l acetate (\aumann,
B 1910, 43 314 )

Mm Ca^amine, Smithsomte

Calatmne is sol m NH4OH + \q only m
the presence of NH4 salts (Brandhorst,
Zeit ange\v Ch 1904, 17 513 )

+ HH2O (Alikubch, Z anorg 1908, 56

366)

+H 0 (Belar, Zeit Kr^st 1890, 17 126 )

Zinc carbonate ammonia, ZnC03, NH3

Slowly decomp b\ H 0, but not on the an
01 by boiling with alcohol (Favre, \ ch
(3) 10 474 )

Zinc carbonate hydroxylamine, ZnC03,

2NH30

Insol m H 0 Decomp b\ acid«5 ( Gold-
schmidt and Syngros, Z anorg 5 129 )

Zirconium carbonate, 3ZiO , CO +6EUO
Decomp by hot H O, all CO being gi\ en

off (Hermann )
Sol in alkali carbonates + \q

214

CARBONIC ACID

Percarbomc acid
See Percarbomc acid

Carbonic anhydride, C02
See Carbon cfooxide

Carbonophosphoric acid

Potassium carbonophosphate,

2CO2, 2KHC03
Known only in solution (Bardie*, C E.
1903, 137 566 )

Carbonyl bromide, COBr2

Decomp by H20 (Besson, C R 1895,
120 192)

Carbonyl platinous bromide, CO, PtBr2
Sol in H2O with almost nistant decomp

Sol in absolute alcohol (Pulhnger, Chem

Soc 59 603)

Quite easily sol in hot C6H6. insol in

hgroine, and can be crystallized from CC14

Very easily sol in HBr+Aq (Myhus and

Forster, B 24 2432)

Carbonyl bromochlonde, COClBr
Decomp by H O (Besson )

Carbonyl chloride, COC12

Phosgene Cold H2O dissolves 1-2 vols
COC12 gas with slow decomposition Alcohol
decomp immediately Immediately absorbed
by KOH, or NH4OH-hAq Very sol in gla-
cial HCJETaOg, benzene, and most liquid hy-
drocarbons (Berthelot, Bull Soc (2) 13 14 )

Sol in SC12

1 vol AsCls absorbs 10 vols COCl^

Dicarbonyl cuprous chloride, Cu2Cl2, 2CO-J-

4H20

Decomp by in (Tones, Am Ch T 1S()9,
22 305)

Carbonyl platinous chloride, 2COC1 , PtCl

SI deliquescent Easily sol m H2O with-
out decomp , si sol in ilcohol Almost inso]
in CC14 (Pullmgor, Chom Soc 59 0(30 )

/Vfo/jocarbonyl platinous chloride, CO, PtCl
Decomp by H2O ind alcohol, sol in hot

CC14 (SchuUcnbcrgcr, A rh (4)15 100)
Sol in cone HCl-f-Aq (Mvluis and I'or-

ster )

Dicarbonyl platinous chloride, 2CO,

Decomp by H2O and alcohol Sol m CCU

(fechutzenberger )
Decomp by cone HCl+Aq into CO and

CO, PtCl2 (Myhus and Forster )

Sesguicarbonyl platinous chloride, SCO,

2PtCl2

Decomp by H^O or alcohol Much m<
sol in CC14 than 2CO, PtClo

Carbonyl platinous iodide, CO, Ptl2

Not hygroscopic Insol in, but slowly c
comp by, H20 Easily sol in benzene
ether, also ID alcohol, which decomp on war
ing, sol in HI+Aq (Myhus and Forster )

Carbonyl platinous sulphide, CO, PtS

Easily decomp Insol in ordinary solver)
(Myhus and Forster )

Carbonyl sulphide, COS
H20 absorbs 1 vol COS

Absorption of COS by H20 at t°

0
10
20
30

Coefficient of absorption

1 333
0 835
0 561
C 403

(Winkler, Z phys Ch 1906, 55 351 )

1 ccm H20 at 135° and 756 mm pi
dissolves 08 ccm COS (Hempel, Zi
angew ch 1901, 14 867 )

1 ccm ot a hydrochloiiG icid solution f
Cu2Cl2 absoibs about 0 2 c cm COS (He -
pel)

Carbonyl ferrocvanhydnc acid

H3*e(CO)((N)6

Very sol in IT/), duomp on hoati
(Mullcr, \ ch ((>) 17 <)4)

Cobalt carbonyl ferrocyamde

SI sol mUO,V(iysol in dil
(M)

Cupnc carbonyl ferrocyamde,

Cu8[l<(GO)(CMrl
Insol in HO I! SO, 01 <lil UNO, 4 |

(M)

Iron (ferric) carbonyl ferrocyamde,
I'd'cGCXCN)

Insol mil () Sol in II ( ()4 | Aq In I

in ace tir, 1 u tu , MK < IIIK , t n t me , ind ( i c

ids-fAci hut < isily sol in flu luutrils .s

of those uids Insol m KC.1, or KNOj-r- \

but sensibly sol in N i ILI>Ol-f-A<i Ir >1

even on wirnmi^iu V( i\ dil IL SO4, or UsT1 t
+Aq (Mullcr)

Potassium carbonyl ferrccyamde,

100 pts H2O dissolve 148 pts at
(Muller, C R 104 992 )

CEROUS HYDROXIDE

215

Silver carbon'

yr carbonyl f errocyanide.

Ag8Iie(CO)(CN)5

Insol in H2O, si sol in dil H2S04, HC1,
or HNOa+Aq, scarcely attacked by cone
HC2H*02+Aq (Midler)

Sodium carbonyl f errocyamde,

Na8Fe(CO)(CN)6+6H20
Sol mH2O (MuUer)

TTranyl carbonyl f errocyamde,

(U05)8[Ii eCOrCN)6]2+5H20
SI sol in H20, but more easily if H20 is
acidified -with HC2H302

Cericotungstic acid

Ammonium cencotungstate, 2(NH4)20,

Ce208, 16WO*+2H20

Insol in H20, but decomp by boiling

therewith (Smith, J Am Chem Soc 1904,

26 1481)

Cerrum, Ce

Decomp pure H20 very slowlv at ordinary
temp Not attacked by cold cone H2S04 or
red fuming HN03 Sol in dil H2S04+Aq,
HNOs+Aq, and cone or dil HCl+Aq
(Hillebrand and Norton, Pogg 155 633 )

Cerous bromide, CeBrs

Anhydrous As the chloride (Robinson,
Proc Roy Soc 37 150)

Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4328 )

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 379C )

+zH20 Very deliquescent (John )

Cerium gold bromide, CeBr3, AuBr3+8H20
k(c Bromaurate, cerium

Cenc chlonde

Known only m solution, which decom-
poses by slight heat (Berzehus )

Cerous mercuric chlonde
Not deliquescent (v Bonsdorff )
CeCls, 4HgCl2-HOE20 Permanent, eas-
ily sol in H20 (John, Bull Soc (2) 21 533 )

Cerium stannic chlonde
See Chlorostannate, cerium

Cerous chlonde zinc iodide

Sol in H20 and alcohol (Holzmann, J pr
84 76)

Cerous fluoride, CeF3
Insol ppt

Cerium carbide,

Decomp by fused alkali nitrates, chlorates,
hydroxides and carbonates, and by cone
H2SO4 on heating Insol in cone HN03:
decomp by H2O and dil acids (Moissan,
C R 1890, 122 359 )

CeC3 Not attacked by hot cone acids
(Del ifontame, J B 1865 176 )

Cerous chloride, CcCl,

Anhylrou* Deliquescent Sol in H20
with hissing and evolution of heat, sol in
alcohol

bol m acetone (Eidmann, 0 C 1899
IJ 1C14, Naumann, B 1904,374328)

Difficultly scl in methyl acetate (Nau
mann, B 1909, 42 3790 )

+7HjO Insol m NH4OH+Aq (Den
nis, Z anorg 1894, 7 260 )

-}-7J/2H20 Deliquescent (Berzelms )

Decomp by boiling with H20 Sol in 1 pt
H2O at ord temp and 3-4 pts alcohol
(Dumas )

Cenc fluonde, CeF4
Insoluble precipitate (Berzehus )
+H20 Insol in H20 (Brauner, B 14

1944)

Cenc cobaltous fluonde, 2CeF4, CoF2+7H20
Ppt Easily decomp by H O (Rimbach,
A 1909, 368 107 )

Cenc cupnc fluonde, 2CeF4, CuF2-}-7H20
Ppt Decomp by H20 (Rimbach, I c )

Cenc nickel fluonde, 2CeF4, NiF2-{-7E20
Ppt Decomp by H20 (Rimbach, I c )

Cenc potassium fluonde, 2CeF4, 3KF+2H20
Insol in HoO (Brauner, B 14 1944, 16

109)
Could not be obtained pure (Rimbach,

1 c)

Cenc zinc fluonde, 2CeF4, ZnF2+7H2O
Ppt Decomp by H20 (Rimbach, I c )

Cerocenc fluonde 2CeF8, CeF4
Mm Fluocente

Cerium hydride, CeH2
Decomp by acids (Winkler, B 24 873 )
CeHs Decomp m moist iir, decomp by

hot or cold H20, sol in acids with evolution

of H20 Decomp by alkalis (Muthmann,

A 1902, 325 266 )

Cerous hydroxide, Ce20 , xH2O

Easily sol in acids Insol in excess of
alkali hydroxides + Aq Sol in (NH4)2C03-f
Aq

100 com of a solution m glycerine +Aq
containing about 60% by vol of glycerine
contain 79 g Ce208 (Muller, Z anorg
1905, 43 322 )

Exists in two modifications one msol m

216

CER1O

cold HCl+Aq, the other sol in cold HCl-h
Aq (Brauner, C N 1895, 71 283 )

Cenc hydroxide, 2Ce02, 3H20

Sol in HNOS or E2S04, also in HCl+Aq,
forming cerous chloride and free chlorine
Insol in hydrofluoric, acetic, or formic acids +
Aq Somewhat sol in dil HN08, or HC1+
Aq (Ordway. Am J Sci (2) 26 205 ) Insol
in NH4OH, KOH, and NaOH+Aq SI sol
in alkali carbonates +Aq (Dumas )
SI sol in (NH4)2C03+Aq (Ordway)
100 com of a solution in glycerine+Aq
containing about 60% by vol of glycerine
contain 008 g Ce02 (Muller, Z anorg
1905,43 232)

Cerous iodide, CeI8

Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899, II
1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4328 )

+9H20 Very deliquescent and sol in
H2O (Lange, J pr 82 134 )

Sol in alcohol

Cerium nitride, CeN

Decomp by H20 and alkali Sol ID min-
eral acids with formation of cerous and am-
monium salts (Muthmann, A 1902, 325
272)

Cerous oxide, Ce203

When ignited, insol in HCl+Aq, when
long digested with H2S04, is sol in HCl+Aq
with addition of alcohol

Cenc oxide, Ce02

When ignited, is only dissolved in traces,
even on heating, by HC1 or HNOi+Aq Sol
mconc H2S04 when warmed Sol in the cold
in a solution of Kl in HCl+Aq (Bunsen), in
a mixture of HC1 and FeCl2+Aq, or any re-
ducing substance

Cerium peroxide, Ce409
Insol in boiling cone acids Sol in H S04

by long digestion (Popp, A 131 361 )
Probably does not exist (Rammelsbcrg.

Pogg 108 40)

Ce206 (Hermann, J pr 30 184 )
Probably does not exist (Rammelsberg )
CeOs+zH20 Sol in HCl+Aq (Popp,

A 131 361), (Lecoq de Boisbaudrin, C H

100 605 )
Ce02+H20j, according to Clove (Bull

Soc (2) 43 57 )

Cerium oxycarbide, CeC2, 2Ce02

Stable m the air Slowly attacked by cold
H2O With hot H20 and with acids, it give s
unsat hydrocarbons (Sterba. C R 1902.
134 1058)

Cerium oxychlonde, CeOCl

Slightly attacked by hot cone HCl+Aq
Slowly sol in cone HN08+Aq (Wohler )

Easily sol in dil acids (Didier, C R 1 L
882)

Cerium oxychlonde tungsten inoxide, CeO I,

WO3
(Didier, C R 102 823 )

Cerium selemde

Insol in H2O, difficultly sol m acn \
(Berzehus )

Cerium sihcide, CeSi2

Insol in H2O, by which it is acted up i
only very slowly

Sol m HC1 and HF+Aq with evolution f
H2

Not attacked by alkalis +Aq or NH4OH -
Aq

Insol in organic solvents (Sterba. C
1902,135 170)

Cerium silicide, Ce2Sis

Insol m acids (Ulhk, W A B 52,
115)

Cerium ^sulphide, Ce2S4

Not decomp by cold H2O

Slowly sol in cold dil H S()4, HC1 ai I
acetic acid Rapidlv sol in \v inn dil II2SC ,
HC1 and acetic acid with da omp (Bilfcz.
1908,41 3342)

Cerium ses^wisulphide, Ce S3

Insol in, incl riot dccomp !>} U 0, b
easily decomp by th< \vcak(st iu<ls (M
sander), (Didici, C U 100 llt>1 )

Mfl??flchloramme, NIT CM

Lasily sol in II O (JlisdiiK < h / 100
31 920)

Chloiteti amine comps
Sr < Chlorotetramme comps

A/cfachlorantimomc acid, I ISM ifl j

4'JI ()

ll>(hos((>i>i( ^ol in HO \\iih <l((nmj]
sol in ilcohol i<iton< \n<l \«JK ion
(\\ < ml ind, / ITIOI^ ]W> 44 1 )

Uc/achlorantimonic acid ammonia, IfShCl

Sol in II () md in ihohol (\\tiuluul in
Sehinid, 7 inoip: l <)()",, 44 f>() ^

Aluminum mt/uchlorantimonate. VlisbCL
+ 1511 O

Hydroscopic

Sol in dil IICl+Aq (\\tmlind.li 190
36 254 )

CHLORATJRATE, CERIUM

217

Ammonium wetacWorantimonate, NH4SbCle
+H20

Hydroscopic

Sol mH2O Solution decomp slowly when
cold, rapidly on warming

Sol m dil HC1 (Wemland, B 1903, 36

Cadmium weiachlorantimoiiate ammoma,

Cd(SbCl6)2, 7NH3

Ppt (Wemlaud and Schmid, Z anorg
1905, 44 56 )

Calcium raetachlorantamonate, Ca(SbCl6)2+
9F20

Hydroscopic

Sol in dil HCl+Aq (Weinland, B 1903,
36 253)

Chromium raetachloranfcmonate. Cr(SbOl6)8

+13H20
Hydroscopic
Sol in dil HCl+Aq (Weinland )

Chromium or^chlorantunonate, CrSbCU+

10H20
Hydroscopic
Sol m dil HCl+Aq (Weinland )

Cupnc wetachlorantimonate ammonia,

Cu(Sb016)2, 5NH3

(Wemland and Schmid, Z anorg 1905, 44
56)

Glucinum we/ochlorantimonate, Gl(SbCl«)2
+10H20

Very hydrcseopic
Sol m dil HC1

252)

(Weinland, B 1903, 36

Iron (feme) or//iochlorantimonate, FeSbCL

+8II20
Hydroscopic
Can cisily be eiyst from dil HCH-Aq

Lithium ///rJachlorantimonate, LiSbClG+

4110

Very h\droi< opic
Sol mdil llU+Aa (Wemland,/ c)

Magnesium ///y/ochlorantimonate, MgSbCl

+011 O
Uydiofacopic
Sol in dil 110l + Aq (Wemland)

Nickel //?6^/chlorantimonate ammonia,

Ni(SbClo)2> bNlJ3
bol in 1IO (Wemland ind fechmid, Z
UIOI-K 1005, 44 57 )

Potassium //ic/achlorantimonate, KSbCUH
H2O

Hydroscopic

Sol inH2O Solution decomp slowly whe:
cold rapidly when warmed

Sol m dil HCl+Aq (Weinland, B 1903,
6 250 )

Rubidium meiachlorantimonate, RbSbCle
Hydroscopic
Sol in dil HCl+Aq (Weinland )

Silver mefocUoranbmonate ammonia,
AgSbCl6, 2NH3

Decomp by H20 (Weinland and
ichmid )

Zinc w^achlorantunonate ammonia,

Zn(SbCl6)2, 4NH3
(Wemland and Schmid )

'hlorarsemous acid
See Arsenyl chlonde

Jhloraunc acid, HAuCl4+4H2O
Sol m H2O, alcohol, and ether
Sol inPOCla (Walden,Z anorg 1900,25
12)

Difficultly sol in PC18 (Walden )
Cryst with 3H20 as stated by Weber and
Schottlander and not with 4H20 as stated by
Thomsen (Schmidt, C C 1906, II 855 )

Chloraurates

All chloraurates are easily sol in H2O and
in alcohol (v Bonsdorff, 1829 )

Ammonium chloraurate, NH4AuCl4+H2O
Very easily sol m H20
+2H2O Very easily sol in H2O

Banum chloraurate, Ba(AuC1l4)2+xH20

Dehquescent in moist air Sol in H2O and
alcohol (v Bonsdorff, Pogg 17 261 )

Cadmium chloraurate

Not deliquescent Sol m H20 and alcohol
(v Bonsdorff )

Caesium chloraurate, CsAuCU

100 pts aqueous sat solution contain at
10° 20° 30° 40° 50°
05 08 17 32 54 pts anhydrous salt,

60° 70° 80° 90° 100°
82 12 0 Ib 3 21 7 27 5 pts anhydrous salt
(Rosenbladt, B 19 2538)

O (Wells and Wheeler, Am J
(044 157)

Calcium chloraurate, Ca(AuCU)2+6H20

Deliquescent Sol in H2O and alcohol (v
Bonsdorff )

Cerium chloraurate, CeClj, AuCl3+10H20
Extremely deliquescent Easily sol in H20

and absolute alcohol (Holzmann, C C

1863 206)

+13H20 (John, Bull Soc (2) 21 534 )

218

CHLORAURATE, COBALT

Cobalt chloraurate, Co(AuCl4)2+8H20
Sol in H20 and alcohol (Topsoe )

Didymium chloraurate, DiCl3, AuCl8+10H20
Very deliquescent (Cleve, Bull Soc (2)

43 361 )
2DiCl8, 3AuCl3+20H2C (Cleve )

Gadolinium chloraurate, GdCls,

10H20

Sol in H20 (Benedicks, Z anorg 1900,
22 404)

Lanthanum chloraurate, LaCls, AuCl3+5H20
Deliquescent in moist air Sol in H20
(Cleve, B 8 128)

Lithium chloraurate,

100 pts aqueous solution contain at
10° 20° 30° 40°
53 1 57 7 62 5 67 3 pts anhydrous salt,

50° 60° 70° 80°
72 0 76 4 81 0 85 7 pts anhydrous salt
(Rosenbladt )

-h2H20 (Antony and Lucchesi, Gazz ch
it 1890, 20 601 )

+4H20 Not stable

Sol in H20 and alcohol (Fasbender, C C
1894, 1 409 )

Magnesium chloraurate, Mg(AuCl4)2+8H20
Somewhat deliquescent Sol in H20 and

alcohol (Topsoe )
+12H20

Manganese chloraurate, Mn(AuCl4)2+
8H20

Deliquescent Sol in H20 and alcohol
(Topsoe )

+12H20

Nickel chloraurate, Ni(AuCl4)2+8H,O

Deliquescent Sol in H20 and alcohol
(Topsoe )

Potassium cbloraurate, KAuCl4

Anhydrous Very stable (Lamer, W A
B 99, 2b 247)

ICO pts solution in H2O contain at
10° 20° 30°
277 382 48 7 pts anhydrous salt,

40° 50° 60°

59 2 70 0 80 2 pts anhydrous salt
(Rosenbladt, B 19 2538 )

Sol in H20 and alcohol, msol in ether
(Fasbender, C C 1894, I 409 )

1 pt is sol m 4 pts 98% alcohol (Fas-
bender, C C 1894, II 609 )

pt

, , II

+2H20 Efflorescent

Praseodymium chloraurate, PrCls, AuCl8 -

10H20

Very sol in H20, sol in cone HC1 (v< i
Schule Z anorg 1898, 18 354 )

Rubidium chloraurate, RbAuCl4

100 pts sat RbAuCl4+Aq contain at
10° 20° 30° 40° 50°
46 90 13 4 17 7 22 2 pts anhydrous sal

60° 70° 80° 90° 100°
26 6 31 0 35 3 39 7 44 2 pts anhydrous sal
(Rosenbladt )

1 pt sol in 54 pts 98% alcohol Insol
ether (Fasbender, C C 1894, II 609 )

Samarium chloraurate, SmCl3, AuCl8+

10H20

Deliquescent Easily sol in H20 (Clev
Bull Soc (2) 43 165 )

Scandium chloraurate, 3ScCl8, 2AuCl«

21H20

Very deliquescent (Crookes, Phil Tran
1910, 210 A, 365 )

Silver chloraurate, AgAuCl4

Decomp in the air

Decomp by H20, HC1 and NH3 (Hen
mann, B 1894, 27 597 )

Sodium chloraurate, NaAuCl4+2H20
Easily sol in H^O and ibbolute alcohol
100 pts aqueous solution contain at
10° 20° 30°
582 b02 640ptb anhydrous salt,

40° 50° 00°

b<) 4 77 5 <)() 0 pts anhydrous a tit
(Hos< nbl ult )

hasily bol in h iCl+Aq
Easily sol m H2O, alcohol mil i th< r
bender, C C 1894, I 409 )

Strontium chloraurate
Sol m H2O (v lionwloifl )

Thallium chloraurate

(Caibt uijin )

Ytterbium chloraurate, \ bU3 YuU3-f <)H»0
Ppt (Clcvc, / anorg 1<)()2, 32 US )

Yttrium chloraurate, Yt013 2 VuCla + lbH20
Veiy sol m H2O (Gl<v< )

Zinc chloraurate, /n(AuCl4)2-hSlI2O
Sol mH2O (lopsoc )
+12H20 Sol m H2O and alcohol (v
Sonsdorff )

CHLORHYDRIC ACID

219

Chlorauricyaiihydnc acid

Barium chlorauncyamde, Ba[Au(CN)2Cl2]2+
8H2O

Very sol in H20 or alcohol (Lindbom,
LundUmv Aide 12 No 6)

Potassium chlorauncyamde, KAu(CN)2Cl2+
H20

Very sol in H20 or alcohol

Strontium chlorauncyamde, Sr[Au(CN)2Cl2]2
-|-8H20

Sol inH2O

Zinc chlorauncyamde, Zn[Au(CN)2Cl2]2+

7H20
Very sol mH20

Chlorhydnc acid, HC1
Liquid Miscible with hquid C02, and H2S
Gas Absorbed by H20 with production of

much heat

HaO absorbs 400-500 \ ols at ord temp and pressure
or a little less than 1 pt by weight (Dalton )

1 vol H2O absorbs 480 vols at 0° sp gr of sat solu
t ion IB 1 2100 (Daw)

1 vol HO absorbs 417 822 vols at 20 the vol in
creasing to 1 4138 vols 1 vol of HCl+Aq then con
tains 311 vols HC1 has sp gr 1 1958 and contains
40 39% HC1 by weight (Thomson 1831 )

1 vol H 0 absorbs 464 vols and sat solution has 1 21
sp gr sind contains 42 4% IIC1 by weight ( Vv ittstem )

H () s it at 0 contains 480 times its vol of HC1 and
sp ^.r =1 2109 sat at orl temp contains 383% of
itn weight in HC1 and sp gr =1 192 (Berzelms )

1 vol H O absorbs V vols HC1 at t° and 760 mm
pn ssun nul the liquid fonned has the given sp gr
mil cont n ns the given per <cnt HC1

Cone HCl+Aq loses HC1, and dil HC1+
iq loses H2O on warming, until an acid of
onstant composition is formed, containing
0 18% HCl, with a sp gr of 1 101 at 15°,
which can be distilled unchanged at 110°
Bineau, A ch (3) 7 257 )

The above is true if barometer is at 760
mm , but the composition changes with the
iressure as follows —

0

s

12

11

IS

IS 1 >

V

404 7
4KO i
471 4
4(>2 4
I il 2
V^O 7
H i 0

Sp gr

1 2257

1 22b5

1 218)

1 2148

1 2074

1 20f>4

1 20.0

1 2014

%HC1

45 148
44 361
43 828
43 277
42 82Q
12 344
42 283
41 530

At 7bO mm pressure 1 g H20 absorbs
g HC1 it t°

0
2

4

(>

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

IK 1

0 S25
0 814
0 804
0 793
0 783
0 772
0 762
0 752
0 742
0 731
0 721

22

24
2b
28
30
32
34
3b
38
40
42

I

710
700
691
682
673
665
657
649
641
633
626

44
46
48
50
52
54
56
58
60

g HCl

0 618
0 611
0 603
0 596
0 589
0 582
0 575
0 568
0 561

Mm
Hg

%HC1

Mm
Hg

%HC1

Mm
Hg

%HC1

50

23 2

800

20 2

1700

18 8

100

22 9

900

19 9

1800

18 7

200

22 3

1000

19 7

1900

18 6

300

21 8

1100

19 5

2000

18 5

400

21 4

1200

19 4

2100

18 4

500

21 1

1300

19 3

2200

18 3

600

20 7

1400

19 1

2300

18 2

700

20 4

1500

19 0

24CO

18 1

760

20 24

1600

18 9

2500

18 0

(Roscoe and Dittmar )

(Roscoe and Dittmar )

Cone HCl+Aq gradually gives off HCl on
the air until it has a sp gr 1 128 at 15°, and
contains 25 2% HCl (Bineau, I c )

According to Roscoe and Dittmar, this de-
pends on the temperature If a current of an
[s passed through HCl+Aq, acid or water
is given off according as the acid is strong 01
weak, until an acid of constant composition
for a given temperature is formed, as follows —

Temp

0°

5

10
15
20
25
30

% HCl

25 0
24 9
24 7
24 6
24 4
24 3
24 1

Temp

35°
40
45
50
55
60
65

23 9
23 8
23 6
23 4
23 2
23 0
22 8

Temp

70°
75
80
85
90
95
100

, HCl

22 6
22 3
22 0
21 7
21 4
21 1
20 7

From the above it is seen that the acid
which distils unchanged at a given pressure,
that is, boils at a certain constant tempera-
ture, is identical \vith the acid which under-
goes no change in composition by a current
of dry air at the same tempeiature, and undei
the ordinary pressure, thus —

Mm

100
200
300
380
490
620

B pt

61-62°

76-77

84-85

91

97

103

"o HCl

22 8
22 1
21 7
21 3
20 9
20 6

Temp of

62°

77
85
91
98

HCl

22 9
22 2

21 7
21 4
21 1

(Roscoe and Dittmar )

220

CHLORHYDRIC ACID

Solubility of HCl in H20 at 0° under differen
degrees of pressure P = partial pressur
in mm Hg, ^ e , total pressure minus th
tension of aqueous vapour at the given
temp , G= grammes of HCl dissolved in
1 g H20 at the pressure P and 0° temp

Sp gr ofHCl+Aq

'••Jp gr

%HC1

Sp gr

%HC1

Sp gr

%B

1 203
1 170
1 162
1 149
1 139

40 66
37 00
33 9o
31 So
29 13

1 1285
1 1197
1 1127
1 1060
1 1008

27 21
2o 52
24 03
22 70
21 51

1 0960
1 0902
1 0860
1 0820
1 0780

20
19
18
17
17 (

P

G

P

G

(Thomson in his System 2 189 )
Sp gr of HCl + A.q

60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
175
200
225
250
275
300

0 613
0 628
0 640
0 649
0 657
0 664
0 670
0 676
0 681
0 686
0 697
0 707
0 716
0 724
0 732
0 738

350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
900
1 1000
1100
1200
1300

0 751
0 763

0 772
0 782
0 791
0 800
0 808
0 817
0 824
0 831
0 844
0 856
0 869
0 882
0 895

Sp gr % HCl

Sp gr % HCl

1 21 i2 43
1 20 40 SO
1 19 38 38
1 18 36 36
1 17 34 34
1 16 32 32
1 15 30 30
1 14 28 28
1 13 26 26
1 12 2i 24
1 11 20 30

1 10 20 20
1 09 IS 18
1 OS 16 16
1 07 14 14
1 06 12 12
1 05 10 10
1 04 8 08
1 03 6 06
1 02 4 04
1 01 2 02

(Edm Davy)
Sp gr of HCl+Aq

(Roscoe and Dittmar, A 112 334)

1 vol H20 dissolves 560 vols HCl at —12°
" " 500 " " 0°
a ct 440 te <( 1 '20°
(Berthelot, C R 76 779 )

1 vol H20 absorbs 480 vols HCl at 15° to
form a solution containing 42 85% HCl with
a sp gr of 1 215 (Hager )

Solubility of HCl at low temperatures, and
760 mm pressure

Sp gr

%HC1

B pt

Sp grr

% HCl

1C> OS
13 16
11 16
S f)2
6 02

1 Ki>

B pi

1 199
1 181
1 166
1 154
1 144
1 136
1 127
1 121

34 01
31 09
28 20
26 57
24 S4
23 25
21 06
20 74

49°
65
76
87
100
103
105
109

1 094
1 075
1 064
1 047
1 03)
1 CIS
1 009

109
107
105
104
102
101

(Kirwin and D dton )
bp gr of HCI + \q i 1 •

% HCl Sp ^r

"o nc s,, ^

>n "2 1 >04
il >() 1 »SS
il 21 17 il)
il) >i 1SH
iS 1 - 1 )is
10 2021
11 "2 207^1
Ii 00 2121

t

Pts HCl
in 1 pt H2O

t°

Pts HCl
in 1 pt H2O

2 22

•> 80
I) 2(>
11 02
1o 20
IS (>7
20 01
2i "2

01 Oi
01SO
0*10

07>1
00 12

lots

1101)
1 i()S

0
- 5
-10
-15
-17

0 842
0 864
0 898
0 933
0 949

-18
-19
-20
-21

-24 '

0 957
0 965
0 974
0 983
1 012

(Roozeboom, R t c 1S84, 3 79 )
Solubility in H2O at t°

(K »lh ( |< 74 ii"
Sp ur of IK \ | if

t

%HC 1

Sp .r

2000
OS2
01)4
OH)
02S
010
ISOi
1X7)
1 IS,)
1 1S4<)
1 1X22
1 1S02
1 17S2
1702
1741
1721
1701
K)S1

IK 1

1 ))

I ~S
1 >7

1 I'M
1 Pi
1 1 »-
11 il

1 iS)

1 i(0

1 2S
1 iOS
12S7
12(7
1247
1220

IK 1

> ( I
i -1
SO
il i'»s
{() ) 10
{0 S^

iO 171
20 7( -
') > )
2S <) 1
S 1 1
-S 1 {I

1r 21

- H i
-( ( >
~i OOS
- ) t 00
- > 2S2
-4 S74

1 IS

1 1' 1
1 1.

1 10
IOS
101 |

oil
< <

0 IM
0 )( (
0 )><
0 )

oso
os-
os >o

OS iS
OS1S

IK

~M >(
.. 21
- Sil
1-1
~ (110
- 1)11
Hi
( / Hi

~< ss

1 OSO

KM
s 7i7
S ilO
17 Oil
17 >34
17 1>(>
K) 71S

50
45
40
35
30
20
15
10
5
0
- 5
-1C
-50
-20

01 G5

02 27
62 90
03 21
64 10
04 70
05 IS
05 4S
05 85
00 44
66 71
67 29
67 65

10 777
40 il>)
i ) Ohl
iO 1
i) 1 K
is 7 is

i7 02 i
i7 >!(>
i7 IDS
i(> 700

i ) SSI
i 17<»
i OI)S
i4 (>(>()
i4 2)2
ii SI >
•H 4i7
Ji 020

(Rupert, J Am Chem Soc 1909, 31 860 )

CHLORHYDRIC ACID

221

Sp gr of HCl+Aq at 15 — C ntinued

Sp gi of HCl+Aq at 15°

Sp gr

% HCl

Sp gr

%HC1

Sp er

%HCi

& Spgr

H7C1 Sp *

A

Sp gr

1 0798
1 0778
1 075S
1 0738
1 0718
1 0697
1 0677
1 0657
1 0637
1 0617
1 0597
1 0577
1 0557
1 0537

16 310
15 902
15 494
15 087
14 679
14 271
13 363
13 456
13 409
12 641
12 233
11 82o
11 418
11 010

1 0517
1 0497
1 0477
1 0457
1 0437
1 0417
1 0397
1 0377
1 03u7
1 0337
1 0318
1 0298
1 0279

10 602
10 194
9 768
9 379
8 971
8 563
8 155
7 747
7 340
6 932
6 524
6 116
5 709

1 02o9
1 0239
1 0220
1 0200
1 0180
1 0160
1 0140
1 0120
1 0100
1 0080
1 0060
1 0040
1 0020

5 301
4 893
4 486
4 078
3 670
3 262
2 854
2 447
2 039
1 631
1 224
0 S16
0 408

5 1 0244
10 1 0488
15 1 0733

20 1 0982
25 1 1234
30 1 1488

35
40
41

1 1739
1 1969
1 2013

(Eager, Adjumenta varia, Leipzig, 1876 )
Sp gr of HCl+Aq at 15° (H20 at 15°= 1)

% HCl %> gr

%HCl

Sp gr

(Ure Handworterbuch)

Sp gr of HCl+Aq U=sp gr at 1555°
according to Ure, K=sp gr at 15° ac-
cording to Kremers

44 345 1 21479
43 136 1 21076
41 901 1 20430
41 212 1 20204
39 831 1 19703
37 596 1 18687

34 464
25 260
19 688
14 788
6 382

1 17138
1 12479
1 09675
1 07255
1 03150

%HC1

U

K

%HC1

L)

K

1
2
3

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

1 005
1 010
1 015
1 020
1 025
1 030
1 034
1 039
1 044
1 048
1 053
1 059
1 064
1 069
1 074
1 079
1 084
1 089
1 094
1 098
1 104

1 005
1 010
1 015
1 020
1 025
1 030
1 034
1 039
1 044
1 048
1 053
1 059
1 065
1 070
1 075
1 080
1 085
1 090
1 095
1 100
1 105

22
23

24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41

1 109
1 114
1 119
1 124
1 128
1 133
1 138
1 143
1 147
1 153
1 157
1 163
1 169
1 174
1 179
1 183
1 188
1 193
1 197
1 203

1 111
1 116
1 121

1 126
1 131
1 136
1 141
1 146
1 151
1 157
1 163
1 169
1 179

(Pickenng, B 26 277)
Most accurate table
Sp gr of HCl+Aq at 15° (H O at 4°= 1)

Sp gr

%HC1

Kg HCl
in 1

Sp gr

% HCl

Kg HCl
in 11

1 000
1 OC5
1 010
1 015
1 020
1 025
1 030
1 035
1 040
1 045
1 050
1 055
1 060
1 065
1 070
1 075
1 08C
1 085
1 090
1 095
1 100

0 16
1 15
2 14
3 12
4 13
5 15
6 15
7 15
8 16
9 16
10 17
11 18
12 19
13 19
14 17
15 16
16 15
17 13
18 11
19 06
20 01

0 016
0 012
0 022
0 032
0 042
0 053
0 064
0 074
0 085
0 096
0 107
0 118
0 129
0 141
0 152
0 163
0 174
0 186
0 197
0 209
0 220

1 105
1 110
1 115
1 120
1 125
1 130
1 135
1 140
1 145
1 15C
1 155
1 160
1 165
1 170
1 175
1 180
1 185
1 190
1 195
1 2CO

20 97
21 92
22 86
23 82
24 78
25 75
26 7C
27 66
28 61
29 57
30 55
31 52
32 49
33 46
34 42
35 39
36 31
37 23
38 Ib
39 11

0 232
0 243
0 255
0 267
0 278
0 291
0 303
0 315
0 322
0 340
0 353
0 366
0 379
0 392
0 404
0 418
0 430
0 443
0 456
0 469

(Calculated by Gcilach, Z anal 8 292 )
Sp gr of JICl+Aq it 15° (H 0 at 0° = 1)

IK I

0
1
2

4
5

7
S
9
10
11
12
13
14

Sp .1

IK 1

Sp **' il'h

Sp fcr

0 <)092
1 0050*
1 01005
L 0150S
1 020K
1 025H
1 OiOU

1 04021
1 04524
1 ()502(
1 0552f
1 0()03]
1 0053^
I 0703'

15

17
IS
10
20
21
22
23
[ 24
> 25
> 2()
L 27
t 28

r 29

1 07539 30
1 08042 31
1 08545 32
1 00047 33
1 09550 34
1 10052 35
1 10555 36
1 11058 37
1 11560 38
1 12063 39
1 12565 40
1 13008 41
1 13571 42
1 14074 43
1 14516

1 15079
1 15581
1 16084
1 16587
1 17089
1 17592
1 18095
1 18597
1 191
1 196
1 200
1 204
1 208
1 212

(Iimee and Maichle\\ski, Z mge\\ Ch 1891
133 )

bp gi ot HCl+\q it loom temp

"0HC1

p

gr

8 14
16 12-)
23 045

1 0370
1 0843
1 1138

(Kolb recalculated by Gerlach, 'L anal Jfif
316 )

(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 264 )

222

CHLORHYDRIC ACID

Relation of sp gr of HCl+Aq at t° to sp gr at 19 5° = 1 0

t

89% HC1 16 6 % HC1
sp gr =1 0401 sp gr =1 0704

255% HC1
sp gr =1 101

3o8% HC1
sp gr =1 133

46 6 % HCJ
sp gr =1 160*

0
19 5
40
60
80
100

0 99557 0 99379
1 00000 1 00000
1 00707 1 00781
1 01588 1 01665
1 02639 1 02676
1 03855 1 03801

0 99221
1 00000
1 C0877
1 01794
1 02791
1 03867

0 99079
1 00000
1 00990
1 01969
1 02986
1 04059

0 98982
1 00000
1 01063
1 02180

(Kremers,
Sp gr of HCl+Aq

Pogg 108 115)
Sp gr of HCl+Aq at 20°

G equivalents
HC1 per liter

t°

Sp gr t%°

Normality of
HCl+Aq

%HC1

Sp gr

0 005036
0 01006
0 02008
0 04990
0 09885
0 19641
0 29247
0 48278
0 4994
4 994

17 111
17 125
17 148
17 138
17 133
17 162
17 147
17 140
17 28
17 35

1 0000943
1 0001892
1 0003775
1 000935
1 001843
1 003633
1 005382
1 008811
1 00908
1 08390

8 42
5 784
3 77
2 031
1 588
1 138
0 523

27 10
19 30
12 94
7 17
5 65
4 05
1 90

1 1336
1 0936
1 0618
1 0334
1 0261
1 0187
1 0076

(Forchheimer, Z phys Ch 1900, 34 28 )

Sp gr at 20° of HCl+Aq containing M g
mols HC1 per liter

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1894, 53 28 )

Sp gr of a normal solution of HCl+Aq
at 18°/4°= 1 0165 (Loonus, W Ann 1896,
60 550)

Sp gr of HCl+Aq at 19 5°, when p =per
cent strength of solution, d=observ "
density, w = volume cone in grams

M" 0025 " 005 0075 010

Sp gr 1 00034 1 00101 1 00135 1 001&

M
Sp gi

025
1 00425

050
1 00849

075
1 01264

10
1 0174<

per cc ^r =

M 15 20

Sp gr 1 02542 1 03414

(Jones and Pearce, Am Ch J 1907, 38 730

p

d

V,

HC1 is not absorbed by cone II^SOi+Aq
but in large amounts by inhydrous II bO4
(Aim6 )

Absorption of 11C1 b> H SO4 + Aq
Icmp =17°

36 0
29 97
24 35
18 55
12 22
9 148
6 559
3 540
5 345
1 356

1 1818
1 1511
1 1207
1 0910
1 0587
1 0433
1 0305
1 0159
1 0246
1 OC51

0 4255
0 3450
0 2729
0 2024
0 1294
0 0954
0 0676
0 0360
0 0548
0 0136

Sp fir

fe ptr 1

K P<r 101) K

HC1

H so,

i!( 1

42 7
$9 0
i9 2
H) 9
H 2
2S 5
22 b
lr> 0
b 2b
3 25
0 b2
0 11
0 ObS

II M)i

1 211
1 220
1 220
1 235
1 260
1 305
1 355
1 430
1 545
1 580
1 660
1 735
1 815

517 8
487 J
478 S
455 J
418 0
371 4
306 0
215 3
96 7
51 3
10 3
1 89
1 24

22 7
5S 0
99 3
Ibl 7
27* 2
417 7
6*S 2
917 0
10 » 5
1224 0
1344 9
1615 3

1 Sb
4 75
S 04
12 S
20 9
JO S
44 b
59 4
(>5 4
73 7
77 5
89 0

(Barnes, J Phys Chem 1898, 2 54b )
Sp gr of HCl+Aq it l&°/4°

r, HC1 in 100 t of solution

SP t,r

0 12140
0 C60757
0 040609
0 030328

0 99928
0 99900
0 99887
0 99881

(Jahn, Z phys Ch 1900, 33 567 )

CHLORHYDRIC ACID

223

Absorption of HC1 by H2SO4+ Aq— Cont
Temp =40°

Solubility of HC1 in ether at t° and 760 mm
pressure

fep

185
195
210
255
255
340
400
520
575
650
725
755
770

g perl

HC1

421 4

416
392

346 3

i 4
4

325
247
161 6
50 9
18 5
2 9
1 4
0 57
0 52

42 2

70 0

107 7

211 2

236 3

383 7

619 4

929 3

1046 0

1207 6

1370 5

1428 4

1478 4

g per 100 g

HC1

35 6

34 8

32 4

27 6

25 9

18 5

11 5
3 35
1 17
0 17
0 081
0 032
0 029

H2S04

3 56
5 86
8 90
16 8
18 8
28 6
44 2

61
66

73 2

7Q
81
83

Temp =70°

—9 2
— 5
0

+ 5
10

%HC1

37 51
37 0
35 6
33 1
30 35

15
20
25
30

27 62
24 9
22 18
19 47

gr

145
150
160
180

1 225

230

315

380

510

560

700

1 745

1 745

K perl

HC1

374 1
357 3
353 8
341 3
277 7
274 3
173 7
96 5
23 6
8 4
0 86
0 62
0 57

18 4

38 9

55 7

93 6

231 9

246 4

476 7

661 8

946 1

1055 0

1371 3

1448 2

1455 2

g per 100 g

HC1

32 7

31 1

30 5

28 9

22 8

22 3

13 2
6 99
1 56
0 54
0 05
0 035
0 032

1 61

3 38

4 80
7 93

18 9
20 0
36 2
48 0
62 7
67 6
80 7
83 0
83 4

(Schuncke, Z phys Ch 1894, 14 336 )

Sol m glacial HC2H302, ether, hexane,
benzene, xylene, etc

Oil of turpentine absorbs 50% HC1
(The*nard )

Oil of turpentine absorbs 163 vols HC1 at
22° and 724 mm , isoterebenthene absorbs
34% at 24° and 724 mm , metaterebenthene
absorbs 17 7% at 24° and 724 mm (Berthe-

Oil of lavender absorbs 68 7 vols at 24°
(Thenard )

Oil of lavender absorbs 210 vols without
being saturated, oil of rosemary absorbs 218
vols at 22°, sol in 04 vol petroleum

Absorbed by caprylic alcohol (Bouis )
Fuming HCl-fAq is sol in glycerine and
miscible with cone HCaHsOa

Solubility of HC1 in phenol +Aq at 12°

(Coppadoro, Gazz ch it 1910, 39 II, 626 )
100 pts alcohol of 36° B absorb 68 pta HC1

it 12 5° (Boullay ) ofvr

Alcohol of 0836 sp gr dissolves 327 vols

HC1 at 17 5° and 758 mm pressure, and the

solution has sp gi = 1 005 (Pierre, A ch (3)

31 U5)

Solubility of KCl in methyl alcohol (absolute)
it t°

Comp of H20 layer

Ccmp of phenol la\ er

%HC1 '

% phenol

^0HCI

% phenol

o

7 45

0

72

3 1

6 6

0 09

78

6 6

5 3

0 2

80 3

8 0

5 1

0 36

82 6

10 7

4 8

0 52

84 5

t

\ 1IC 1

t

% HCl

10 A
0

r)l (>
r)l *

18
31 7

46 9
43

Composition of solution in contact Tuth solid phenol

(do Bruyn, II t c

Solubility of UC1 in ethyl alcohol (absolute)
it trt

rc H20

%HC1

^ phenol

11 22
14 98
84 5
80 38
72 43
60 25

0
C 52
10 7
15 64
24 37
36 25

88 78

84 5
4 8
3 98
3 2
3 5

t°

' nr i

t

% HCl

0
(> 5
11 5

45 4
44 2

42 7

19 2
23 5
32 0

41
40 2
38 1

(dc Bruyn, I c )

(Schrememakers, Z phys Ch 1912, 79 553 )

Ve™°sol Fm Vc/but omj shghtlj sol m
HCl (Rupert, J Am Chem Soc 1909, 31

compoon of the hydrates formed
by HCl at different dilutions is calculated

224

CHLORHYDRIC CYANHYDRIC ACID

from determinations of the lowenng of the
f-pt produced by HC1, and of the conduc-
tivity and sp gr of HCl+Aq (Jones, Am
Ch J 1905, 34 323 )

Chlorhydric cyanhydnc acid, 3HC1, 2HCN
Decomp by H20 or alcohol, sol in
HC2H302 Insol in ether, chloroform, or
acetic ether (Claisen, B 16 309 )
HC1, HCN Sol in H20, absolute alcohol,
HC2H302, and CHC13, with decomp , de-
comp is especially rapid in HoO (Gautier,
A ch (4) 17 130 )

Solubility of Ba(C103)2 in H20

t°

g BafClOa) in
100 g HaO

Sp gr

0
20
40
60
80
100
105 6*

25 5
39 3
55 9
74 1
92 1
113 2
120

1 195
1 274
1 355
1 433
1 508
1 580
1 600

* "Rrvfc nf Hfl.f. anliit.irvn

Chloric acid, HClOs

Known only in aqueous solution, \vhich can
be concentrated in vacuo to a sp gr of 1 282
at 14 2°, and then contains 40 10% HC103,
corresponding to HC1O3+7H20, if left longer
in vacuo over H2S04 an acid coi responding to
HC103+4J^H20 is obtained Aqueous solu-
tion of HC1OS decomp at 40° (Kammerei,
Pogg 138 390 )

Chlorates

All chlorates except mercurous chloiate are
sol in H2O, most of them aie deliquescent,
many aie sol in alcohol

Aluminum chlorate, Al(C103)3-h6H2O

Very hygioscopic (Dobioseidow, C C

1904,11 177)

+9H O Very sol in cold but much less

than in hot H2O (Dobioseidow )

Ammonium chlorate, NH4C1O3

Fasily sol in H 0 loss sol in alcohol
Much less sol in H O at 0° than NaClOj

(Storcr )
Veiysl sol m absolute ilcohol CWichtu,

J pr 30 321 )

Barium chlorate, B i(OlO{) +11 O

•Sol in 4 pts cold, intl Icsb hot IfO
(Chevcnix )

100 pts IT O dissolve it

o 20° 40 ()0 so° iro

228 $70 r)21 77 59SO 12b I pts Bi((l<>()

100 gi uns sit lUKIOj) +Aq it t con-
tain gi ims uihvdtoub H i(ClO|)

t°

f run
Bi(C 10 i)

15 2S

21 M
25 2(>
27 5>

t

< i mi

I1 nt(( ti< point
-2749 =M)(KH
0
+ 10
20
25
>0
40

so

<)<) I
•<104 h

io 05

H 01
45 ()0
4S 70
51 17
52 07

* 104 b° ishpt it 740 mm pnssuit= 105 0°
it 700 nun prcssinc
(Anschutz, Z phys Ch 1006,66 238)

(Carlson, Disseit 1910)

Only slight traces dissolve in absoli e
alcohol (Wachter, J pr 30 334 )

Sol in acetone (Eidmann. C C 1899, [
1014 )

Difficultly sol in acetone (Naumann. $
1904, 37 4328 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, $
1909, 42 3790). ethylacet ate (Nauma i,
B 1910, 43 314 )

Bismuth chlorate

Known only in solution, \\hich decomp n
evapoiation

Cadmium chlorate, Cd(ClOj) +211 O
Veiv dchqucscont, bol in II O and alcol 1

Meltb in uybtal Ilf) it SO0 rtV ichtc r, J i

30 321 )

Solubility m H 0

Sat solution corit uns it

-20° -15°
72 IS 72 5i

0°
7i<)5

40° (> >°

SO OS S2<)5%C<1(C 10.)

Sp ^i ()i solution (ont unui^ 7(> *< t
CcKClOO itlS°=22Sl iMfiissd H l<j >
35 M22 )

Sol in u< tone (N mm inn H 1001, T
H2S )

Cadmium chlorate ammonia, ( <!(( 1O

^MIj
Ppl (I plu inn P !<>! » 48 1<) )

Caesium chlorate, ( ^( K )
UK) K H O dissolu it

0° Sc 1«)S ,() 122

2 t(> > >() (> 2S <> >i H <)

>() 77 <)<)

1() 10 11 <)"> 7() > K ( sC 10,

(( il/ol ill, \( ( S< in< (1 di 1 (ii u i 1( 1

86 1 >() )

Calcium chlorate, ( u( !<),; h211 O

Dchqu(s(cnt, \d> HO! in II () ind alco >1
(\\ uhtti, T pi 30 i2^ )

CHLORATE, MAGNESIUM

225

Melts m its water of crystallization at over

sat at 18" = 1 729, con-
o Ca(cl°3)2 (Myhus B 1897,
30 1718 )

Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899 II
1014, Naumann, B 1904, 87 4328 ) '

Chronuc chlorate

Easily sol in H2O (Prudhomme, C C
1890, 1 668 )

Cobaltous chlorate, Co(C103)2+2H20
(Meusser, B 1902, 35 1418 )
+4H2O Solubility in H20
Sat solution contains at

18° 21° 35° 47° 61°
G4 19 64 39 67 09 69 66 76 12% Co(C108)2

Sp gr of solution containing 64 19%
Co(C108)2 at 18° = 1 861 (Meusser, B 1902,
36 1418)

-f6H20 Very deliquescent Sol in H20
and alcohol Melts in crystal H20 at 50°
(Wachter, J pr 30 321 )

Solubility in H2O

Sat solution contains at

-21° -19° 0° +105°
5330 5361 5745 61 83% Co(C108)2
(Meus&er, B 1902,35 1418)

Cupnc chlorate, basic, Cu(C103)2, 3Cu(OH)2
Insol in H2O Very sol in dil acids Sol
in warm cone Cu(C103)24-Aq, the solubility
t-orp «. i_ with the cone and temp (Bour-
„< , Iti I Soc 1808, (3) 19 950)

Cupnc chlorate, Cu(ClO3) +4H 0
Solubility in H O
b it solution < ontams at

-21°
5712

71°

+08°
5851

18°
0217

45(
6617

54 5()

r>9 0°

(><) 42 7(> <)%

Sp gi of tlu solution containing 62 17%
Ou(GlOt) it 1S° = 1 695 (Meusser, B 1902,
35 M20)

-folIO Vuy deliquescent Easily sol
mil ( ) ind il( ohol Melts m its crystal H20
it 05° (Wwhttr, J pr 30 321)

bp Ri of Gu(G108) +Aq at 15°
%Cu(G10,) 21(H> 4778 b 945
Sp R1 101620 103857 105714

%Gu(CK)j) 10016 14387
Sp gr 1 0844 1 12531

(lruibe,Gm-K 6 1,921)

bol m acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4328)

Cupnc chlorate ammonia, Cu(ClOs) , 4NH3
"*pt Not hydroscopic Insol in alcohol
3u(ClO3)2,6NH3 Not hydroscopic (Eph-
raun, B 1915, 48 46 )

Erbium chlorate, Er(C103)3-hSH O

Deliquescent Sol in H2O and alcohol
Gluwnum chlorate

Known only in aqueous solution, which de-
composes on evaporation

Ferrous chlorate
Known only m solution

Feme chlorate, Fe(C108)3
Sol in H20
Basic salt Insol mH«O

Lanthanum chlorate, La(ClO8)3
Deliquescent (Cleve )

Lead chlorate, Pb(C103)2+H 0

Deliquescent, easily sol in H2O and alcohol
(Wachter, J pr 30 321 )

Sp gr of solution sat at 18° = 1947 and
sontams 602% Pb(C103) (Myhus, B,
1897,30 1718)

100 g HO dissolve 440 g Pb(C108)2 at
18°, sp gr of sat solution = 163 (Carlson,.
Dissert 1910)

Lithium chlorate, LiC103+MH 0

Very deliquescent and sol m H O Verj
easily sol in alcohol Melts at 50° in its
crystal water (Wachter, J pr 30 321 )

LiC103-}-Aq sat at 18° contains 758%
LiClOa Sp gr=1815 (Myhus, B 1897,
30 1718)

483 g LiC103 dissolve in 100 g H 0 at 15°,
sp gr of solution = 1 82 (Carlson, Dissert
1910)

Contains 3H 0, and is not deliquescent
(Lagono, Zeit f Kryst 15 80 )

Salt is anhydrous (Retgers, Z ph>s Ch
5 449)

Magnesium chlorate, Mg(ClO3)

128 1 g Mg(C108) dissolve in 100 g HO
at 19°, sp gr of solution = 159 (Carlson,
Dissert 1910)

Sp gr of solution containing 56 5 %
Mg(C103)2 at 18C = 1 564 (Meusser, I c )

Sp gr of solution sat at 18° = 1 594, con-
taiimig563%Mg(C10j) (Mjlius, B 1897,
30 1718)

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4000 \

Sol in acetone (Eidmann, G C 1899,
II 1014)

+2H20 Solubility in H20

Sat solution contains at

395° 61° 68° 93°
6537 69 4b 7069 73 71% Mg(C10»)
(Meusser, B 1902,35 1416)

226

CHLORATE, MANGANOUS

4-4H20 Solubility in H20
Sat solution contains at

42° 65 5°
63 82 69 12% Mg(C103)2

(Meusser, I c )

-f 6H20 Very dehquescent and sol in
H2O Very easily sol in alcohol Melts at
40° in its crystal water (Wachter, J pr 30
325)

Solubility in H20

Sat solution contains at

-18° 0° +18° 29° 35°
51 64 53 27 56 50 60 23 63 65% Mg(C108)2
(Meusser)

Manganous chlorate, Mn(C108)2

Known only in solution which decomposes
on evaporation (Wachter )

Mercurous chlorate, Hg2(C108)2

a Easily sol in alcohol and H20 (Wach-
ter, J pr 30 321)

J3 Insol in H20, easily sol in HC2Hs02+
Aq (Wachter ") Decomp by boiling HaO

Mercuric chlorate, 2HgO, C1205+H20
Dehquescent Decomp by H20 into oxide

and an acid salt (Wachter )
Sol in 4 pts cold H20 (Chevemx, 1802 )

Nickel chlorate, Ni(C103)2+4H20
Solubility in H20
Sat solution contains at

485° 55° 65° 795°
6760 6878 6905 75 50% Ni(C10s)2
(Meusser, B 1902,35 1419)

t° 28 35 40
Pts KClOs 95 12 3 14 Jt

47 fio
18 3 29 1

(Gerardm )
100 pts H2O dissoh c pts KClOs at t°

t°

Pts
KClOs

t°

Pts
KClOs

0
13 32
15 37
24 43

3 33
5 60
6 03

8 44

3o 0
49 08
74 89
104 78

12 05
IS 96
3o 40
60 24

(GayLu^sa A ch 11 314)

100 pts H2O dissolve pts KC103 at t°

t°

Pts
KClOs

t°

Pts
KClOs

0
100

3 3
56 5

130
180

88 5
190

+6H20 Dehquescent Easily sol : _
and alcohol Melts in crystal H2O at 80'
(Wachter, J pr 30 321 )

Solubility m H2O

Sat solution contains at

-18° -8° 0° +18° 40°

49 55 51 52 52 6b 56 74 64 47% Ni(C103)2

Sp gr of solution containing 5674%
Ni(C103)2atl8° = 1661

Goes over into 4H20 salt at 39° (Meusser )
156 g Ni(ClO3)2 dissolve in 100 g H2O at
16°, sp gr of solution = 1 76 (Carlson, Dis-
sert 1910)

Nickel chlorate ammonia, Ni(C103)2, 6NH3
Ppt (Ephiaim, B 1915, 48 47 )

Potassium chlorate, KC103

Sol in HgO with absorption of heat

*>ol m about 16 pts cold and in much less hot H^O
uChe\ emx 1802 )

Sol in JO 03 pts H-zO at 0 17 85 pts at 1 B B and
in 1 66 pts it 104 78 (M R and P )

Sol in 16_pts HaO at IS 7o° (Abl )
100 pts HO at 15 5° dissolve 6 2 pts at 100° 4(
pts (Ure s Diet )

100 ptb HaO dissoh e uts KClOa at t -

(Tilden and Shenstone, Roy Soc Proc 31
345)

100 pts H2O dissolve pts KC10> at t°

t

rts

KClOs

t

itb
IvClOj

120
136

73 7
98 9

160
190

148
183

(Tilden and Shenstone, Phil T rang 1884 23

Coefficient of solubility is 3 2+0 I09t
0 0043 tz between 0° and 35° (Blarcv, C 1
112 1213)

Sat KGlOg-f Aq contains % KC1O, at t°

t

'< K( l()j

i

KC 10

-0 5

2 6

92

U 2

-0 3

2 4

100

J7 I

+4 5

3 r>

no

17 0

4 5

2 9

171

5() k

11

4 7

180

(>2 1

19

(> 1

190

(> \ 1

29

8 9

200

(>4 2

36

9 9

207

(>6 0

42

11 4

300

87 0

56

15 1

33C

96 7

58

16 0

Cfitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 528 )

CHLORATE, MANGANOUS

227

Solubility in H2O

Sp gr of KClOs +Aq at 20° containing 1
mol KC103 to 100 mols H2O = 104122

Temp

% KC1O3

Pts sol in

Pts H O to

(Nicol, Phil Mag (5)

16 122)

in a sat sol

100 pts H 0

1 pt KClOs

Sp gr of KClOs+Aq at 15° containing 5%

Tr1/- iiV-v -4 nntn frr t v i T-TT i * nr+n.

KClOs = 1

UOJLO tJXOfl

urauscn, w

Ann 10 iv

0°

3 06

3 14

31 8

1 )

5

3 67

3 82

26 2

10

4 27

4 45

22 5

B-pt of KGlOs+Aq

containing

pts KClOs

15

5 11

5 35

18 5

to 100 pts H2O

20

6 76

7 22

13 6

25

7 56

8 17

12 2

Pts
KClOa

B pt

Pts
IlClOa

B pt

30

8 46

9 26

10 8

35

10 29

11 47

8 7

6 5

100 5°

44 6

103 0°

40

11 75

13 31

7 5

13 2

101 0

53 4

103 5

45

13 16

14 97

6 6

20 2

101 5

62 2

104 0

50

15 18

17 95

5 6

27 8

1C2 0

69 2

104 4

55

16 85

20 27

4 9

35 8

102 5

60

18 97

23 42

4 2

65

20 32

25 50

3 9

(Gerlach, Z anal 26 450 )

70
75

80
85

22 55

24 82
26 97
29 25

29 16
32 99
36 93
41 35

3 4
3 0
2 6
2 4

Saturated solution boils at 105° (Kremers )
Saturated solution boils at 104 2°, and con-
tains 615 pts KClOs to 100 pts H20

/T J \

90
95
100

31 36
33 76
35 83

46 11
51 39
55 54

2 1
1 9

1 8

(Legrand )
Saturated solution boils at 103 3°, and con-
tains 66 6 pts KC103 to 100 pts H2O (Grif-
fiths )

(Pawlewski, B 1899,32 1041)

Saturated solution boils at 104 4° (Ger-
lach, Z anal 26 427 )

1 1 KClO3+Aq at 25° contains 675 iniUi-
mols KClOs (Calvert, Z phys Ch 1901,
38 541 )

Sol in pure HNOs without decomp , but
decomp at once by HN03 containing N02
(Millon, A ch (3) 6 92 )

100 g H20 dissolve at

Sol in sat NH4Cl+Aq without causing

0° 20° 40° 60°
33 74 138 24 Og KC108
Sp gr 1 021 1 045 1 073 1 115

pptn
1 mol ( = 129 pts ) KC103 dissolves in 2493
vols H20, in 2208 vols H2O when 1 mol
(=59 pts ) NaCl is added, in 2060 vols H2O

80° 100° 104° *

with ? mols ( = 118 pts ) NaCl,

and in 1910

377 565 5Q9g KC103,
Sp gr 1 Ib5 1 219 1 230
•* Bpt ol sat solution

vols H2O with 4 mols (=236 pts) NaCl
(Gladstone, Chem Soc 15 302 )
KClOs is sol in about —
29 50 pts H2O

(Catlbon, Dissert 1910 )

35 50 pts NH4OH-f Aq Conc

100 g H O dissolve at

39 00 pts dil NH4OH-f Aq (1 vol cone 3
vols H2O)

8° 19cS° 30° 99°

30 50 pts HNO3-hAq (1 vol cone HN03

I

148 715 luzf •)/ 3 g JY^IV^J

(Calzolari, Ac c Sc mcd di Fcrrara,

1911,85 150)

Sat KClOa+Aq contains at
5*° bH° 81° Sb°(0
17 S7 23 25 2*53 SO 4b% KCIO .
(Isclmgacff, Z morjr 1914,86 Ibl)

Sp gr of K( lOj-fAq, iccoidmg to Kremti's
experiments ( Pogg 96 b2), and Geilich's
calculations (/ mil 8 290)

KClOj

N> r,!

't, IvHO,

s!> t,r

1

1 007

b

1 039

2

1 014

7

1 045

3

1 020

S

1 052

4

1 026

9

1 059

5

1 033

10

1 066

5 vols PI,0)

330pt& HCl+Aq(lvol com HCL 4 vols
H20)

4800 ptb lfC2HaO2-fAq (1 vol ooiunui-
cial HC H,O 1 vol H20)

SI 50 pts NH4C1+ Vq (1 pt NH4C1 10 ptb
HO)

18 00 pts NH4NOi+ Vq (1 pt NH,NO3 10
ptb HiO)

34 0( ptb NHiCHaOi+Vqfdil NHiOH +
Aq+dil IIC H30 4-Aq)

32 50 pts NiC H<O + \q (< online ici il
TIC2H,O2+-N i2CO3, diluted with 4 vols H2O)

U 50 pts Cu(C>lIjOa) + Vq (Sa Stolba,
Z anal 2 390)

33 50 pts oauo-bu^u (I pt ( aue-bUij; n 10
pts H2O)

36 50 pts grape-sug ir ( 1 pt gi iposu&ar 10
pts H2O) (Pearson, Zeit Chem 1869 bb2 )

Addition of K salts to sat KClO3+Aq ppts
KClOs in such i way, that the sum of the

228

CHLORATE, MANGANOUS

KC103 remaining in solution and the K in the
salt added, is a constant, which constant is
equal to the solubility of JKC103, so that the
following formula lepresents the coefficiency
of solubility of KClOs after addition of a K
salt, 32+0 109t+0 0043t2 -K of salt added
(Blarez, C R 112 1213 )

Solubility of KClQs+TlClOs

100 g HaO dissolve g salts

t°

g T1C103

g KClOs

0
15
50
100

2 8
10

12 67
57 3

3 3
1 5

16 2
48 2

(Rabe, Z anorg 1902, 31 156 )
Solubility of KClOs in KN03+Aq

t°

g perl

KNOs

KClOs

19 85

0 00
12 65
25 29
101 19
202 38

69 88
64 86
60 33
45 85
40 20

23 87

0 00
50 59

79 09
63 14

(Arrhenms, Z phys Ch 1893, 11 397 )
Solubility in KGl+Aq at 20° C

G KClm
1 litre

0

10

20

30

40

5C

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

15G

160

170

180

190

200

210

220

230

240

250

G KClOs
m 1 litre

71 1
58
,49
43

39 5
36 5
34
32
30
28
27

25 5
24 5
23 5
22 5
21 5
21 0
20 5
20 0
20 0
20
20
20
20
20
20

Sp gr

1 050

1 050

1 050

1 050

1 054

1 058

1 064

1 070

1 075

1 081

086
091
098
103
108
113
119
124
130
135
140
145
150
156
161
168

(Winteler, Z Elektrochem 1900, 7 361 )

Solubility IP KOH-fAq at 25°

KOH-f-Aq

Vs-normal
Vi-normal

Milhmols KClOa per lit:
of the solulion

624
573

(Calvert, Z phys Ch 1901, 38 541 )
Solubility m H202 at 25°

Concentration of Ha02
milkmols per litre

1260
1310

Milhmols KC1O3 per lit
of the solution

730
737

(Calvert, I c )

Solubility in J4 normal KOH+Aq
ID presence of H2O2 at 25°

Concentration
milhmols per litre

15

976

954

1073

MillimoJa KClOa per Utr
of the solution

578
584
616
673

(Calvert, Z c )

Moderately sol in liquid KH3 (Franklu
Am Ch J 1898, 20 828 )

Neither dissolved nor attacked by hqui
N02 (Frankland, Chem Soc 1901, 79 1361

Sol in 120 pts alcohol of 83% at 16
(Wittstem )

Sol in 120 pts alcohol of 77 1% (Poh
W A B 6 595 )

Insol in absolute alcohol (Geiardm )

Solubility of KC1O3 in dil alcohol D = si
gr of alcohol, S = solubility m 100 pt
alcohol at t°

D =0 9904

13
21
25
30
35
44
50

4 9

6 3

7 5
0 1

10 2
13 6
16 2

14
26
39
47
55
65

s

4 7

7 1

9 3

12 8

lb 1

22 3

22 5

14
2(>
38
40
51
63
65

5 4
7.<>
10 S
12 2
17 5
19 0

D =0 9720

13

20
33
43
56
59

2 2

3 3
5 8
7 2

11 4

12 9

13

20
29
36
55
60
63

1 P

2 7

3 6

4 3
7 9
9 7

10 5

n =09 500

145

28

40

50

62

67

I 1
22
34
43
66
76

CHLORATE, SODIUM

Solubility of KC103 m dil alcohol— Continued

Potassium silver chlorate, KC1O3, AgC105

D =09111

D =0 8967 D =0 8429

(Pfaundler, W A B 46, 2 266 )

t

s

t°

s t°

S

Rubidium chlorate, RbClO3

13
25

0 74
1 08

12
31

6 46 25
1 28 34

0 09
0 12

100 pts H2O dissolve 2 8 pts at 4 7°, 3 9
pts at 13e, 4 9 pts at 18 2°, 5 1 pts at 19°
Reissig A 127 33 )

32
52

1 78
3 35

43

58

1 95 56
3 10 64

0 24
0 32

100 g H20 dissolve 3 1 RbC108 at 15°,
sp gr of solution =1 07 (Carlson, Dissert

(Gerardin, A

ch (4) 5 148 )

1910)

100 g H20 dissolve at

Solubility of KC108 m alcohol+Act

0° 8° 198° 30°

g KClOa per 100 g solution

2 138 3 07 5 36 8 00 g RbClOj,

wt %aco o

t=30°

t-40"

422° 50° 76° 99°

12 48 15 98 34 12 62 8 g RbClO8

0
5

Q 23

7 72

12 23
10 48

(Calzolari, Ace Sc med di Ferrara, 1911, 86

10

6 44

8 84

lou ;

20

4 51

6 40

30

3 21

4 67

Scandium chlorate

40

2 35

3 41

(Crookes, Roy Soc Proc 1908, 80 A, 518 )

50

1 64

2 41

60

1 01

1 41

Silver chlorate, AgC103

70
80
90

0 54
0 24
0 06

0 78
0 34
0 12

Sol in 10-12 pts cold H2O (Vauquehn),
m 8-10 pts cold, and 2 pts hot H20 (Chev-
emx), in 5 pts cold H O (Wachter) SI sol

(Taylor, J phys Ch 1897, 1 301 )

Insol in benzomtrile (Naumann, B
1914,47 1370)

Very si sol in acetone (Krug and M'El
roy, J Anal Ch 6 184 )

Insol m acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329, Eidminn, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Solubility of KC1O3 m acetone +Aq

ut % aootoix

k KClOs per 100 g solution

t=*()

t=40°

0

9 23

12 23

5

S 32

11 10

9 09

7 63

10 28

20

() 09

8 27

JO

4 <H

6 69

40

* <)()

5 36

50

2 90

4 03

60

2 (H

2 86

70

1 24

1 68

80

0 57

0 79

90

0 IS

0 24

(laykn,J phys Ch 1897,1 301)

Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Nuimann
B 1904, 37 3601 )

Solubility m glycol = 09% at ord temp
(de Comnck, Belg Acad Bull 1905 359 )

100 g glycerol(sp gr 1 256) dissol /e 3 54 g
KC108 at 15-16° (Ossendowski, Pharm J
1907,79 575)

(Wachter)

Silver chlorate ammonia, AgC103, 2NH3

Easily sol in H2O or alcohol (Wachter,
1843)

Sodium chlorate, NaClOs
Deliquescent

Sol m 3 pts cold and less hot H O (Waeht^r
Chevenix )

Sol in 3 pts H2O at IS 75° (Abl )

100 pts H^O dissolve *5 5 pts NaClOj (Urc a Diet )

100 pts H2O dissolve at
0° 20° 40° 60°
81 9 99 123 5 147 1 ptb N iC103,

80° 100° 1?0°
1756 2326 333 3 pts NaClOj
( Kromerb, Pogg 97 4 )

100 pts H2O dissolve 8() -J pts NiCK), it
12C (Schlosmg )

100 g H2O dissolve it

-15° 0° 20° 40°

72 79 101 126 pts NiCIO,,,
bp gi 1 380 1 389 1 430 1 472

60° 80° 100° 122° *
155 189 230 286 pts NaClO3
Sp gr 1 514 1 559 1 604 1 654
* Bpt of sat solution

(Carlson, Dissert 1910 )

230

CHLORATE, SODIUM

100 g NaClOa+Aq contain at

Solubility m NaCl+Aq at 20° C —Continue

4 78° 19 85° 30 05° 35 10° 44 72°
4547 4891 5122 5236 5450g NaC108

G NaCl

in 1 litre

G NaClOa
m 1 litre

Sp gr

(Le Blanc and SchmaDdt, Z phys Ch 1913
77 614)

150

442

1 379

155

43?

1 377

160

423

1 374

Sp gi of NaClOs+Aq, containing

JLUO

165

414

1 372

10 15 20 25 30 25%NaC103

170

403

1 369

1 070 1 108 1 147 1 190 1 235 1 282

175

393

1 365

(Gerlach, Z anal 8 290 )

180

382

1 362

185

371

1 359

Sp gi of NaClOs+Aq at 20° containing 1
mol NaC103 in 100 mols H20 = 103844
(NicoL Phil Mag (5) 16 122 )
NaClOs-fAq containing 723% NaCIO
has sp gr 20°/20° - 1 0496 (Le Blanc and
Rohland, Z phys Ch 1896, 19 278 )
Sat solution boils at 132°, and temp can
be raised to 135° by supersaturation (Krem-

190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230

360
349
338
326
315
302
287
271
257

1 355
1 350
1 345
1 340
1 335
1 330
1 324
1 319
1 313

ers, Pogg 97 4 ;
Easily sol in liquid HF (Franklin, Z
anorg 1905, 46 2 )
NaC10s+NaCl
100 pts H20 dissolve 50 75 pts NaC103+
24 4 pts NaCl at 12°, ICO pts H20 dissolve
249 6 pts NaC103+ll 5 pts NaCl at 122°,
and when cooled to 12° contain 686 pts
NaC10s+ll 5 pts NaCl (Schlosing, C R
73 1 97? ^

235
240
245
250
255
26C
265
270
275

243
228
211
197
184
170
150
135
120

1 307
1 301
1 295
1 289
1 283
1 276
1 270
1 263
1 256

280

105

1 219

285

91

1 241

>ihty in NaCl+Aq at 20° C

290

78

X ^wTtX

1 235

G NaCIO t

295

67

1 22G

in 1 litre

Sp gr

300

55

1 217

5

668

1 426

(Winteler, Z Elektrochom 1000, 7 361 )

10

661

1 424

15
20

653
645

1 423
1 421

Very sol m liquid NH (Irmklm, Am
Ch J 1898, 20 829 )

25
30

638
630

1 419
1 418

Sol m 34 pts alcohol of 83% it 16° ind m
ess hot alcohol CWittstoin )

35

40

45

622
615
607

1 417
1 415
1 414

Somewhat more easily so) m ilcoliol tli in
NaCl (Berzehus )

50

599

1 412

55

590

1 411

Solubility of NaCIO , in il< ohol

00

ae

582

KJ7 A

1 409

(g NaClO3 pei 1 ot solution )

DO

70

574
566

1 408
1 406

\I« ho!

75

559

1 405

~

80

551

1 404

/o / > ,

0 ,

85

544

1 402

20 1() 1 no S

Ul >

90

537

1 401

40 22 9 ]3J 5

* ?T ^

95

529

1 399

bO 29 0 155 s

j*i i ~

100

522

1 398

70 161 ]

105

514

1 396

110
115

507
499

1 394
1 392

(Cailson, Disscit 1910 )

120

491

1 391

125

484

1 389

Insol in methyl acetat( (Niuimmn, Ji

130

476

1 387

tt^in2^0^6^1 acetatc (N mm inn

135

467

1 385

B 1910, 43 314 )

140
145

459
451

1 383
1 381

100 g glycerol dissolve 20 g NiClO3 it
55 (Ossendowski, Pharm T 1907, 79
75 )

CHLORINE

231

Strontium chlorate, Sr(C103)2+5H20

Very deliquescent, and sol in H20 (Top-
soe, W A B 66, 2 29 ) ^

Sp gr of solution sat at 18° containing
63 3% Sr (C10,),«l 839 (Myhus, B 1897,
30 1718 )

Easily sol in H20, less in alcohol, but more
sol m alcohol than SrCl2 (Souchay, A 102
381 )

Insol in absolute alcohol (Wachter )

ThaJlous chlorate, T1C103
Sol in H2O, but decomp by heating

100 pts H2O dissolve at
0° 20° 50° 80° 100°
2 80 3 92 12 67 36 65 57 31 pts T1C108
(Muir, Chem Soc 29 857 )

11 TIClOs+Aqsat at 10° contains 25 637
g T1C103 (Roozeboom, Z phys Ch 8 532 )

1 1 H2O dissolves 0 134 equivalents
TIClOs at 20°, or 38 51 g in 1 1 of the solu-
tion (mean of 10 experiments) (Noyes and
Farrell, J Am Chem Soc 1911, 33 1657 )

Solubility in Tl2S04+Aq at 20°

Solubility in H20

Sat solution contanis at

-18° 0° 8° 15°

3562 5919 6020 67 32% ZnfC103)2
(Meusser, I c )

Sp gr of solution sat at 18° containing
35% Zn(C103)2 = 1914 (Myhus, B 1897,
30 1718)

Zinc chlorate ammonia, Zr(ClO3) , 4-NH3

Zn(C108)2, 6NH3 Ppt (Ephraim, B
1915, 48 48 )

G iqmv per 1

Solid phase

I K I0i

TlSOi

0 1058

0 1366

T1C103+T12S04

(Noyes and Farrell, I c )

Thalhc chlorate, 11(010 3)3+ 4H2O

Vciy deliquescent, sol in H20 Decomp
slowly in the an (Gcwecke, Z anorg 1912,
75 27 O

Ytterbium chlorate

Sol ui 1IO (Popp, A 131 179)

Yttrium chlorate, Y(C103)3+8H20

Ddiqiubcuit li. isily bol in alcohol SI
sol in < thu (Chvc )

Zinc chlorate, ZiUC'lOO +4H O

Solubility in 11 O

Sit solution font ims it

f!S° $0° 10° 55°

dbW 07 W> 09 0(> 7544%Zn(C103)2

Sp M of solution containing 66 52%
),) it 1S° = 1910
(Muissci, B 1902, 35 1417)

MOK sol in HX) than chlorates of Mg, Co
Ni 01 Cu less sol than chlorate of Cd, mor
sol th ui ttn(NO3) (Meusser, I r )

+GH20 Very deliquescent Easily sol ID
HUO and alcohol Melts in crystal H20 at 60
(Vauquolm, A ch 95 113 )

acid
See Perchloric acid

Chlorides

Most chlorides are sol in H20, a few, how-
ever, are insol or nearly so therein, the chief
of which are AgCl, Hg2CU, Cu2Cl2, PtCl2, and
AuCl Several chlorides are decomp into
insol basic salts or hydroxides, either by the
addition of H2O, as in the case of BiCl3 and
SbCl3, or on evaporating the aqueous solution,
as A1C18, ZnCl2, MgCl2, etc

Some chlorides are sol in alcohol 01 ether

See under each element

Chlorine, C12

The maximum solubility of Cl in H 0 is at
10° (Schonfeld), at 8-10c (Gay-Lussac) , at
9-10° (Pelouze)

Solubility decreases from 9-0° , at 100° the
solubility = 0 ( Gay-Lussac )

Cl2+Aqsat at 6° has sp gi =1003 (Ber-
thelot )

1 vol H20 at t° absoibs \ ols Cl reduced to
0° and 760 mm pressure

t

\olb Cl

t

A ols Cl

10

2 5852

26

1 9099

11

2 5413

27

1 8695

12

2 4977

2b

1 8295

13

2 4543

29

1 7895

14

2 4111

30

1 7499

15

2 3681

31

1 7104

16

2 325 B

32

1 6712

17

2 2828

33

1 b322

18

2 2405

34

1 5934

19

2 1984

o5

1 o550

20

2 1565

36

1 5166

21

2 1148

37

1 4785

22

2 0734

38

1 4406

23

2 0322

39

1 4029

24

1 9912

40

1 3655

25

1 9504

(Schonfeld, A 93 26 )

232

CHLORINE

Ivol

H20 absorbs vols Cl at t° (not
corrected)

Solubility of C12 in H2O
0i = Vol of Cl (reduced to 0° and 760 mm )
absorbed by 1 vol H^O under a total pi essure
of 760 mm
q-g Ck absorbed by 100 g H20 under a
;otal pressure of 760 mm

Vols Cl

t°

Vo

a Cl

t°

Vols Cl

t°

1
1
2
2

43
52

08
17

0
3

6 5

7

3
3
2

1

04
00
37
61

8
10
17
35

1 19
0 71
0 15

50
70
100

t°

P

q

t°

fr

Q

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

3 095
2 996
2 900
2 808
2 720
2 635
2 553
2 474
2 399
2 328
2 260
2 200
2 143
2 087
2 035

0 980
948
918
889
861
835
809
784
760
738
716
698
680
662
646

25
26
27
28
29
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100

1 985
1 937
1 891
1 848
1 808
1 769
1 575
1 414
1 300
1 204
1 006
0 848
0 672
0 380
0 000

0 630
615
600
587
574
562
501
451
415
386
324
274
219
125
000

(Gay-Lussac, A eh (3) 7 124 )

1 vol HO at 8° absorbs 3 04 vote Cl which is the
maximum of solubility At 50° 1 09 \ ols are absorbed
and at 0 1 5 \ ols (Pelouze and Fremy )

1 vol HaO at t dissolves vols Cl (not corrected)

t°

Vols Cl

t°

Vols Ci

t°

40
50
70

Vols Cl

0
9
10

1 75-1 80
2 70-2 75
2 70-2 75

12
14
30

2 50-2 60
2 45-2 50
2 00-2 10

1 55-1 60
1 15-1 20
0 60-0 65

(Pelouze A ch (3) 7 188 )

(Wmkler, Landolt and Bornstein. Tab
Ed 1912, 597 )

4th

1 vol HO absorbs vols Cl at t°

1 1 HCl+Aq (38% HC1) dissolves 17 3 g
Cl, 1 1 HCl+Aq (33% HC1) dissolves 11 g
Cl, 1 1 HCl+Aq (3% HC1) dissolves 6 5 g
Cl (Berthelot, C R 91 191 )

Solubility of C12 in HCl+Aq at 20-21° and
759-761 mm pressure

t°

Vols Cl

t°

Vols Cl

t°

Vots Cl

0
5

8

15-16
2 05-2 1
25-26

9
10
12

2
2
2

65-2 70
9-30
65-2 75

14
16
30

2
2

1

6 -2 65
35-2 4

8 -1 85

<"° ~ 1 and Walz Berz J B 1846 72 )

bolubihty in H20 a = coefficient of solubility

g HCl per 1

g Ch per 1

Coefficient
of
absorption

Solubilit\

0
3 134
6 248
9 402
12 540
15 670
31 340
62 680
94 020
125 360
156 700
188 040
219 380
250 720
282 060
313 401

7 23
5 30
4 94
4 76
4 85
5 10
5 81
6 38
7 19
7 76
8 58
9 23
9 93
10 68
11 87
12 03

2 1157
1 5496
1 44S3
1 3942
1 4200
1 4933
1 6736
1 8682
2 1044
2 2711
2 5095
2 7020
2 9243
3 1272
3 327S
3 5492

2 2799
1 6698
1 5607
1 5013
1 5292
1 6092
1 S033
2 0131
2 2677
2 4473
2 7043
2 9117
3 1312
3 3677
3 5850
J 8224

t°

a

t°

a

t°

a

6 9
8 4
9 3

2 2931
2 5469
2 7135

10

11

13

1

2

7

2 8741
2 7267
2 5079

21
32
36

7
1

7

2 0422
1 5766
1 3802

(Goodwin, B 15 3040 )

Goodwin also gives tables tor solubility oJ
Cl in HC1 and various chlorides, but they do
not show evidence of accurate work (A M C )

Cl2+Aq contains at 760 mm pressure

144% Clat 0°
1 07% " " 6°
095% " " 9°
087% " " 12°

(Roozeboom, R t c 1884, 3 29 )
See also Cl2-h8H20

(Mellor, Chem Soc 1901, 75 227 )

Solubility of Cl in NaCl -f Aq a = coeffi cierit
of solubility
NaCl =9 97%

t°

a

t

a

7 9
11 9
15 4

1 8115
1 5879
1 3684

18 8
22 6

1 2785
1 0081

CHLORINE OXIDE

233

Solubility of Cl in NaCl-f Aq —Continued
NaCl = 1601%

Coefficient of solubility of C12 in organic
liquids at 15°

Substance Coefficient of Solubility

t°

a

t°

a

Carbon tetrachloride
Acetic anhydride
Acetic acid (99 84%)
(90vol %
" (75vol %
(65vol %

51 7
39 6
36 7
25 3
16 43
13 43

6
11 6
16 4

1 5866
1 2227
1 0121

21 4
26 9

0 8732
0 7017

NaCl-1966%

(Jones, Chem Soc 1911, 99

•f 8H20 Critical temp of de
in open vessel =9 6°. m closed vet
Solubility in H2O
% C12 = % of C12 m Cl2+Aq si
760 mm in presence of Cl2-h8H2

392)

composition
3sel-287°

t°

a

f

a

0
9 2
9 3
14 8

1 6978
1 2145
1 2068
0 9740

15 4
20 4
21 9

0 9511

0 7758
0 7385

it afct°and
0

t°

%0b

t°

%ci

(Kumpf, W Ann Beibl 6 276 )

Solubility of Cl m sat NaCl-f-Aq at t° and
760 mm pressure

0
3
6
9

0 505
0 64
0 709
0 900

12 5
20

28 5

1 10

1 82
3 50

(Roozeboom, R t c 1884, 3 57 )

Chlorine worcoxide, ~12O
Sol m H2O At 0°, H20 absorbs at least
200 times its volume of C12O gas

Chlorine tfnoxide, ClgOs
Decomp on air at 57° with explosion
H 0 absorbs 5-6 vols C1203 (Millon, A
ch (3) 7 298 )
H20 absorbs at 8 5° and 753 mm press
8 591 vols C12O3 (Brandan )
100 g H20 dissolve at

«• f

Coefficient of absorp Solubility at 0° and
ion at 0° and 760 mm 760 mm

14 5
29 0
60 0

82 0

0 3607
0 3125
0 1332
0 C586

0 3898
0 3458
0 1625
0 0763

(Kohn and O'Buen, J boc Chem Ind 1898,
17 1100)

bat KCl-HAq absoibs > A less Cl at 15° than
pure H2O (Dettmer, A 38 35 )

1 1 of a solution of CaCl2 (1 pt in 15 pts
H O) dissolves 2 45 g Cl at 12°

1 1 of a solution of MgCb (1 pt in 15 pts
PI 0) dissolves 2 33 g Cl at 12°

1 1 of a solution of MnCh (1 pt m 15 pts
HO) dissolves 2 00 g Cl at 12C

SI sol m KOH-hAq (Fremy )

bomewhit sol in liquid NO (Brinkland,
Chem boc 1001, 79 13bl )

CC14 absoibs 10% of Cl it 13° (Pcikins,
Chem boc 1894 65 20 )

Imol CiOCl dissolve* at 0°, 0 70 atom Cl,
it- 14°, 124 itoms, at- 21°, 231 atoms,
ind at- 24, 3 00 itoms Cl (Roo/eboom, R
t c 4 379 )

Sulphuiyl (hlonde absoibs 71 vols Cl or
0 136 pt Cl by weight at C° (bchulze, J pr
(2)27 168)

Insol in benzene (Monde )

bl sol in. chloral and lodal (Dumas )

Sol in perchlorethylent (Faraday )

Sol in i verv large quantity of ether with
decomp

8 5° and 752 9 mm press 4 7655 g Cl 03
14° " 7563 " " 50117
21° " 754 " " 54447
93° " 760 " " 56508
(Brandan, A 151 340 )

Does not exist, and ibove data aic tor mix-
tuie of C1O2 and Cl (Gorzarolh-1 hurnlakh,
A 209 184)

Chlorine Lett oxide, CIO »

HS0 at 4° absorbs about 20 vols CK) with
formation of HC10 and HC1O<

H2bO4 at - 18° absoibs about 20 vois CIO
(Millon, A ch (3) 7 285 )

Solubility of CIO, in H C)

t

L O1O2 pc r 1

1

10 7
14 0

>108 6
116 7
>107 9

(Bray, 2 phys Ch 1906, 54 569 )

234

CHLORINE OXIDE

+8H2O (dblHoO)

Lithium chlonndate, Li2IrCl6

Solubihty in H20

Somewhat deliquescent, very sol m H2i
(Antony, Gazz ch it 23, 1 190 )

t°

g ClOa per 1

t°

g ClOa per 1

Potassium chlonndate, K2IrCle

0 79*
0
1

5 7

26 98
27 59
29 48
42 10

10
15 3
18 2

60 06
60 06
107 9

SI sol m cold H20, sol in 15 pts boihi
H20, less sol m H20 containing HC1, ms<
m alcohol or sat KC1, and CaCl2 + Aq
Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch

1898,20 829)

H Entertic

(Bray )

Chlorine oxide, Cl60i7
Very easily decomp (Millon, A 46 281 )
Probably a mixture of C102 and 0

e, Cl20r

Explosive, decomp by H20, sol in well
cooled benzene with si decomp (Michael,
Am Ch J 1909, 23 447 )

chloride,

C1'*MS8NH8C1

SI sol in cold, easily m hot H20 (Skobh-
koff, A 84 275 )

nitrate, Cl2Ir(N2H6N03)2

Sol inH2O

- sulphate, Cl2Ir(N2H6)S04

SI sol in cold, much more easily in hot
HO

Chlonndic acid

Chlormdates

Most of the chkmndates are veiy difficultly
sol m H 0, but a hfctle more sol than the
corresponding chloroplatmates Insol or
nearly so m alcohol, but not so difficultly sol
as the chloroplatmafces (Rose )

Ammonium chlonndate,

Sol in 20 pts cold H20 (Vauquelm), si
sol in cold, much more in hot H20 (Glaus),
sol in HCl-j-Aq (Soblewsky), msol m cold
NH4Cl+Aq (Glaus), msol m alcohol (Ber-
zelms)

100 pts H O dissolve at
14 4° 26 8° 39 4°

0 699 0 905 1 226 pts (NH4) IrCl8,

52 2° 61 2° 69 3°

1 608 2 130 2 824 pts (NH4)2IrClG
(Rimbach and Koitcn, Z anorg 1907, 52

407)

Caesium chlonndate, CsJrClc

Only si sol in H 0 (Delcpme, C R 1908,
146 1268)

Rubidium chlonndate, Rb2lrCl6

Very si sol m H20 (Rimbach, Z anoi
1907, 52 408 )

Sodium chlonndate, Na2Irri6+6H20

Easily sol in H2O, sol m alcohol of 0 &
sp gr

Thallium chlonndate, Tl2IrCl6

Decomp by hot HC1 forming Tl3IrC
(Delepine, C R 1909, 149 1073 )

Chlonridium pentamine comps
066 Indoz?6/zi5aimiie chloro comps

Chlonndosulphtuous acid

Potassium chlorindosulphite, K4Ir2Cl2(S03)

4KC1+12H2O

Insol m cold, decomp by hot H20
K4lr2Cl2(SO3)4, 2K2S03 Decomp byH2(
Cl2Ir2(SO3)2, 8KCl-h4H2O Sol in H2(

msol m alcohol (Claus, J pi 42 354 )

Chlorindous acid

Ammonium chlonndite, (NH4)3IrClG

Decomp by H2O (Delcpme, C R 190

146 1268)

+1MH2O Sol in HO (Claus)
IrCl6(H2O) (NH4)2 (Dekpmc )

Caesium chlonndite, IrCl,,(H2())Cs

Lithium chlonndite, Li-JiCL -j-UH2O

Deliquescent, sol m II O ind ilooho
(Delcpmo, C R 1914, 158 1277 )

Lithium sodium chlonndite, liNaIiCl(-
12HO

Stable in aq bolution in (he presence c
excess of lithium salt (Dekpim.G H 191^
168 1278)

LiNa2IrCl6 + 12H 0 St iblc m aq soli
tion in the presence of excels of sodium sill
(Delcpme, C R 1914, 158 127S )

Potassium chlonndite, K3IrCl<,

Decomp by H2O (Dole pine )

+3H2O Easily sol in HoO, msol in a]
cohol, msol m sat KCl+Aq (Berzehus )

IrCl5CH20)K2 (Delcpme )

CHLOROCOLUMBIUM CHLORIDE

235

Rubidium chlorindite, IrCl5(H20)Rb2

(Delepine )

Silver chlonndite, Ag3IiCl6

Insol in H20 or acids, si sol in NH4OH+
Aq

Ppt (DeL§pine, Bull Soc 1910, (4), 7 55 )

Sodium chlonndite, NasIrCl6+12H20

Efflorescent, sol in J^ pt H20 Insol in
alcohol Melts in crystal H20 at 50°

Thallium chlonndite, Tl8IrCl6

Sol in hot HC1, pptd on cooling (Dele-
pine, C R 1909, 149 1073 )

Chlorofeframine chromium comps
See Chlorotetramine chromium comps

Chloro-azoumde, ISTsCl

SI sol in H20 (Raschig, B 1908, 41
4194 )

Chlorobromo comps
See Bromochloro comps

Chlorocarbomc acid
See Carbonyl chlonde

OT~T

Chlorochromic acid CrO2 Q
Known only in its salts

ly

Se

CrO C12 Set Chromyl chlonde
Ammonium chlorochromate, NHjtCi03Cl =

Cr°2ONH4

More sol in H 0 than the K bait (Peligot,
A ch 52 283)

Barium chlorochromate chlonde,
Ba(CrO,Cl) , B iCi

Deliquescent Vory sol in HO (Pi itor-
nis \ 201 1 )

-f II 0 Not dchqucbccnt

Calcium, chlorochromate, C i(CiOjGl)
Deliquescent (Pcligot )
-|-5H;jO Very <1< hqueb( ont (Pi itonus )

Chromous chlorochromate
he< I nchromyl chloride

Cobalt chlorochromate, Co(CiO,01) -f-<)H O
Deliquescent, melts it K)° in oiystal PI O
(Pratorius )

Lithium chlorochromate, LiCiOgCl

Sol in H20 acidified with HC1 without
decomp (Lowenthal, Z anorg 1894, 6
357)

Magnesium chlorochromate, Mg(Cr08Cl)2

Deliquescent (Pehgot )

-h9H20 Less deliquescent than the other
chlorochromates (Pratonus, A 201 1 )

Very hydroscopic, sol in H2O acidified
with HC1 without decomp (Lowenthal, Z
anorg 1894, 6 359 )

Nickel chlorochromate, Ni(CrO3Cl) -f9H20
Deliquescent, melts in its crystal H20 at
46-48° (Pratorius )

Potassium chlorochromate, KCrO3Cl =
CrO2(Cl)OK

Sol in H20 with decomp Cryst from H 0
containing HC1 without decomp (Pehgot )

Sol in acetone (Naumann B 1904, 37
4328)

Sodium chlorochromate, NaCrO3Cl
Deliquescent (Pehgot )
+2H20 Deliquescent (Pratorius )

Strontium chlorochromate, Sr(Cr(>3Cl)o-j-

4H20

Deliquescent, melts in crystal HoO at 72°
(Pratonus )

Thallous chlorochromate, TlCrOsCl

Decomp by H20 (Lachaud and Lepierie,
0 R 103 198)

Zinc chlorochromate, Zn(CrO3Cl) +9H20
Dehquescent^. melts at 37 5° in crystal H O

(Pratorius )
Very hydroscopic, very sol in H2O and

acids (Lowenthal, Z anorg 1894, 6 360 )

D?chlorochromiurn bromide,

[Cr(HiO)iCl2]Bi

Vciy deliquescent Sol in furrung HBi
m i mixture of (qual volumes ethor and fum-
ing HBr, in alcohol and m acotoric ( Bjerrum,
B 1907, 40 2919 )

Chlorochromotetrammomum comps
h(t Chlcrotetramme chromium comps

Chlorocolumbium bromide, (Ol>GCl12^Bi f
711 O

Sol 111 L sni ill quuitity of <old HO
(Iliiucd, I Vin Chun bo( 1()M, 35 108 i)

Chlorocolumbium chloride, (CM 1^)C1 -}-

7HO

Insol in cold, bol in boiling II O

Not easily decomp by boiling \v ith NH4OH

Cone HNOs decomp a boiling solution of

this comp Completely sol in cone alkaheb

(Earned, J Am Chem Soc 101 *, 36 1080 )

236

CHLOROCOLUMBIUM HYDROXIDE

Chlorocolumbium hydroxide, (Cb6Cli2) (OH)2

+8H2O

Insol in H2O Sol in acids and alkalies
(Harned, J Am Chem Soc 1913, 35 1082 )

Chloroctamine cobaltic carbonate,
Cl4Co2(NH3)8C03+9H20

Very sol m HoO (Vortmann and Bias-
berg, B 22 2651)

Cl2Co2(NH8)8(C03)2+H O (Vortmann
and Blasberg )

Chlorof errous acid
Calcium chlorof errite, CaO, CaCl2, Fe203
Insol inH2O ( le Chatelier, C R 99 276)

jDtcMorofulminoplatintini,

PWVkOi H22(?)

Insol m H2O (v Meyer, J pr (2) 18
305)

Tnchlorofuhnmoplafcnum,

Pt4N4Cla(OH)Oi H«(')
Insol m HaO, sol in HCl+Aq (v
Meyer )

T^rochlorofulmmoplatinum

Pt4N4Cl4012H24(?)
Insol mH'O (v Meyer)

Chlorohydroxylonitntoplatinse?md!i-
amine mtnte, (OH)ClNO2Pt(NH3)2NO2
Easily sol m hot H 0 (Cleve )

Chlorohydroxyloplatin^amine bromide,

SI sol mH20

— carbonate, OHpt(NHfi)(
Insol mH2O (Cleve)

— chlonde, OHptrN2H6ci)
SI sol m H2O (Cleve )

— chromate, OHp, ,N TT x

pi rttJNztlG;

Nearly mbol m H/)
^chromate, OHpt(N

Ppt (Cltve )

nitrate (Raewsky's nit i ate),

SI sol in cold, more easily in hot H2O
(Gerhardt )

Chlorohyposulphunc acid, S203C14
fee Sulphur oxy^irachlonde

Chloromangamc acid
Se> Manganic hydrogen chlonde

Chloromercurosulphrous acid

Ammonium chloromercurosulphite,

NH4S03HgCl
Sol in H2O (Barth, Z phys Ch 9 205 )

Barium chloromercurosulphite,

Ba(S03HgCl)2
Insol mH2O (Barth)

Potassium chloromercurosulphite, KS03HgCl
Sol mH2O (Barth)

Sodium chloromercurosulphite, NaS03HgCl

+H20
Very sol m H20 (Barth )

Chloromolybdenum bromide,

Cl4Mo3Br2+3H20

Insol in H20 and dil acids, sol in alcohol
-H6H20 At first easily sol in H2O, but a

Erecipitate soon forms Can be crystallized
•om dil HBr-t-Aq Sol in alcohol and ether
(Blomstrand )

Chloromolybdenum potassium bromide,

Cl4MQ3Br2, 2KBr+2H20
Decomp by H20 Can be cryst from HBr
+Aq (Blomstrand )

Chloromolybdenum chlonde, Cl4Mo3Cl2 —
molybdenum rfichlonde, MoCl^

Insol in HiO, easily sol in HCl+Aq 01
H2S04+Aq, si sol in HNO , sol m NH4OH
+Aq, NaOH+Aqr 01 KOH+Aq, with sep
aration of precipitate on boiling, sol in
alcohol and ether (Blomsti o,nd. I pr 77
96)

Very sol in cone HC1 (Koscnhum ind
Kohn, Z anoig 1910 66 2 )

-f 3H 0 Inbol m H2()

-f4KH20 Insol in HO (luditiand
Kempe, A 170 351 )

+6H20 Sol m ir,0, il(ohol, 01 cthei
(Blomstrand )

Chloromolybdenum hydrogen chlonde,

MojCla, HCH-41I O

Sol m H2O, but ppt foirrifa afttt i few
minutes (Rosonhum ind Kohn, Z more;
1910,66 5)

Chloromolybdenum potassium chloride,

Cl4Mo3Cl2, 2KC1+2H20
Decomp by pure H20, can be reciystal
hzed from HOl-fAq (Blomstrand, J pr 77
108)

CHLORONITRITE, IRIDIUM POTASSIUM

237

Chloromolybdenum hydroxide, Cl4Mos(OH2)

+2H20
Insol in H20 or alcohol

Easily sol in

strong acids if fresh, and washed only with
cold HoO If washed with warm H20, it i
less sol in acids If precipitated hot, is insol
in acids, even H2S04 or fuming HNO 3 (Blom-
strand. J pr 77 100 )
+8H20

Chloromolybdenum iodide, Cl4Mo3I2-f3H20

Precipitate

+6H20 Sol in H20 and alcohol

Chloromolybdentun potassium iodide,

Cl4Mo3I2, 2KI+2H20
Decomp byH2O Recryst fromHI-j-Aq
(Blomstrand )

OH
Chloromolybdenum oxybromide, Cl4Mo3 ^

+2H2O

Insol in alcohol (Blomstrand, J pr 77
116)

Chlcromolybdic acid,

MoOCl3(OH)+7H20
Very hydroscopic (Wemland, B 1904. 37

572)

^ammonium tefrachloromolybdate,

MoCl4(ONH4)2+2H20
Hydroscopic Decomp by H20 Sol in
dilute acids, alkali s and ammonia (Wem-
land, Z anorg 1905, 44 83 )

Caesium chloro/nmolybdate, acid,

MoiOnCli4(Cs OR22H20
Hydroscopic Deeomp by H2O Sol in
dilute aoids, alk ihcb, ind unmonia (Wcm-
land, I c )

Monoc&smm It ichloromolybdate,

MoOCWOCs)+H20

HydroscopK Decomp by HaO Sol in
dilute Kids, ilkihos ind immomi (Wem-
land)

/>icsesium ^//achloromolybdate,

MoCl4(OCs)o

Hydiowopu Sol m HO vvitli dccomp
Sol in dilute Kids, ilkihts, ind immomi
(Wcmhnd, Z inorg 1005,44 Si)

If OAtopotassium It schloromolybdate,

MoOCl3(OK)+H20

Hydioscopu Dtcornp by HO Sol in
dilute icids. ilk ih s, md immonii (W< in-
land )

Z)ipotassium tefrachloromolybdate,

M C14(OK) +2H O

Hydroscopic Decomp by H20 Sol in
dilute acids, alkalies, and ammonia (Wein-
land)

Potassium hydrogen chloroinmolybdate,

Hydroscopiip Decomp by H20 Sol in
dilute acids, alkalies, and ammonia (Weuv
land)

Afoworubidium inchloromolybdate,

MoOCl3(ORb)+H20

Hydroscopic Deoomp by HoO Sol in
dilute acids, alkalies, and ammonia (Wem-
land )

Dmibidium ^eirachloromolybdate,

MoCl4(ORb)2

Hydroscopic Decomp by H2O Sol in
dilute acid, alkalies, and ammonia (Wem-
land)

Chloroxutratoplatmamine mtnte,

Easily sol in H20
Chloromtratoplatin^amine nitrate,

Decomp
0^Pt[(NH3)2N03)]

by H20 with foimation of
2

sulphate,

SI sol in cold, more easily in hot H2O

Chloromtritotetramine cobaltic chloride,

C1(NO )Co(NH8)4Cl

Not very sol in cold H20 (Joigensen, Z
anorg 5 195 )

Chloromtntoplatinsermdzamine chloride,

Cl2(NO2)Pt(NH3)2Cl

100 pts solution in H20 sat xt 18° contain
1 8 pts salt, sat at 100°, 6 pts

Insol in abs alcohol 01 ethei Not decomp
by cone HNO,, HC1, 01 H2C O4+Aq, and by
H2SO4 only at a high heat

Foimula given was PtNoHj ( 1()O5 (Poj-
innc, J B 1855 421 )

- nitrite, Cl (NOOPt(NH,)jIsOa
Sol in H 0 (Blomstrand )

Chlorophosphatoplatmcftamine phos-

ClPt(N Hc)2
phate, \ / +2HO

P04

Nculy msol in cold, and only ver> si sol
m hot H2O (Raewsky )

Chloromtrous acid

Indium potassium chloromtrite, Ii 2C12(NO )4,

bKCl

Ppt , decomp by boiling H2O Sol in cold
H20 (Leidi<S C R 1902, 134 1583 )

238

CHLOROPALLADIC ACID

Ir3K12Cl16(N02)8+4H20 Ppt (Quen-
nessen, C R 1905, 141 258 )

Chloropalladic acid
Chloropalladates

The chloropalladates a*e geneially very sol
in H2O, and sol in alcohol (v Bonsdorff,
Pogg 17 264)

Ammonium chloropalladate, (NH4)2PdCle
SI sol m H20 (Berzehus )

Barium chloropalladate

Sol in H20 and alcohol (v Bonsdorflf )

Cadmium chloropalladate
As above

Caesium chloropalladate, Cs2PdCl6

Nearly msol in cold H20 Decomp by
boiling with H2O or by hot cone H2SC>4
(Gutbier, B 1905, 38 2386 )

Calcium chlcropalladate

Deliquescent, sol in H20 and alcohol (v
Bonsdorff, 1829 )

Glucinum chloropalladate, GlPdCl6-f8H20
ic, and sol in H20

oropalladate, MgPdCl6+
sent, sol in H2O

Nickel chloropalladate, NiPdCl6-f 6H20
Extremely deliquescent

Potassium chloropalladate, K2PdCl6

SI sol in cold H20 Decomp by long boil-
ing with H20 SI sol mdil HCl+Aq with-
out decomp Insol in NH4C1, KC1, or NaCl
4-Aq Insol in alcohol (Berzehus )

Rubidium chloropalladate, Rb2PdCl6

Insol in cold H20 Decomp by boiling
with H/) or by hot cone H2S04 (Gutbier,
B 1905,38 2387)

Zinc chloropalladate, ZnPdCl6+6H2O
Very deliquescent (v Bonsdorff )

Chloropalladous acid

Aluminum chloropalladite, Al2Pd2Clio+

20H20

Dehquescent Sol in HgO, alcohol, or
ether (Welkow, B 7 804)

Ammonium chloropalladite, (NH4)2PdCl4-f

H20

Easilv sol m H20 Insol in alcohol Sol
in NH4Cl-{-Aq (Glaus )

Easily sol in H2O
2386)

(Gutbier, B 1905, 38

Banum chloropalladite
Easily sol in H20 or alcohol

Cadmium chloropalladite

Not deliquescent

Caesium chloropalladite, Cs2PdCl4

Can be cryst from hot H20 (Gutbier, B
1905, 38 2386 )

Calcium chloropalladite
Dehquescent Sol in H2O or alcohol

Glucinum chloropalladite, GlPd014+6H2O

Very hygroscopic, very sol in H2O, alcohol,
or ether (Welkow )

Magnesium chloropalladite

Dehquescent Easily sol m H2O (v
Bonsdorff )

Manganese chloropalladite
Sol in H20 and alcohol

Nickel chloropalladite
Sol inH20

Potassium chloropalladite, K2PdCl<i

Much more sol in hot than cold H2O
(Joanms, C R 95 295 ) Sol m NH4OH-h
Aq (Berzehus ) Sol in cold sat KCl+Aq
(Gibbs, Sill Am J (2) 31 70 ) Insol m al-
cohol (Wollaston ) Somewhat sol in al-
cohol of 0 84 sp gr , but msol in absolute al-
cohol, decomp on boiling (Berzehus )

Rubidium chloropalladite, Rb2PdCl4

Can be cryst fiom hot H2O (Gutbici, B
1905, 38 2387 )

Sodium chloropalladite
Deliquescent Sol in H () ind ilcohol

Zinc chloropalladite

Very deliquescent Sol in H/) and alcohol
(v Bonsdorff )

Chlorophosphoarsemoiridic acid.

3H3P03, 3H3PO4, 5H3AsO4(?)
Very sol in H20 (Gei^enheimer ;

Lead chlorophosphoarsemoiridate,
3Pb2H2(P03)2, 3Pbs(P04);,
5Pb2H2(As04)2
Insol m H20

Chlorophosphoindic acid, 2IrCl3, 3H3PO4,
3H3P03

Very sol in H20 Insol m alcohol
(Geisenheimer, A ch (6) 23 254 )

2Ir018, 3H3PO4 Sol m H2O and alcohol

4IrCla

CHLOROPLATINATE, AMMONIUM

239

Ammonium chlorophosphoindate, 2IrCls,

3(NE4)8P04, 3(NH4)2HP03
Very deliquescent Very sol in H20
(Geisenheimer )

Lead chlorophosphoindate. 4IrCl3,

3Pb8(P04)2, 3PbH2(P03)2
Insol in H20 or acetic acid, very sol m dil
HN03 + Aq (Geisenheimer )

Silver chlorophosphoindate, 2IrCl8,

3AgH2P04, 3AgH2P03
Insol m H2O Sol an HNO8+Aq, and
NH4OH+Aq (Geisenheimer )

Chlorophosphoplatmic acid
See Chloroplatinophosphonc acid

Chlorophosphonc acid

Thonum chlorophosphate, 3Th02,Th014,

2P206

Insol in H2O and acids, decomp by boil-
ing with H2S04 and fusing with alkali car-
bonates (Colam, C R 1909, 149 208 )

Chloroplatmamme chlonde,

Sol in about 700 pts H20 at 0°, and 33-34
pts at 100° Not attacked by boiling cone
HN03 or H2SO4 Sol in boiling KOH+Aq
with decomp Sol in NH4OH+Aq (Cleve,
Sv V A H 10, 9 30 )

nitrite, Cl2Pt(NH3N02)

SI sol in cold, easily in hot H2O

-nitrite silver nitrite, Cl2Pt(NH3N02)2,

AgN02

Easily sol in hot, si sol in cold H2O
(Cleve )

mtntochlonde, d^Nj^c} 2

Sol in H 0 (Clove )

Chloroplatin^amine bromide,

Cl2Pt(N2H0Bi)
SI sol m hot HO (Clcvc )

chloride (Chios' dilorulc),

Cl2Pt(N2H,Cl)2

Nearly insol in cold, and only si sol in hot
H O Sol m hot (one KOH+Aq, with de-
comp (Grimm )

Sol in cold KOH+Aq without decomp
Nearly insol in NH4OH+Aq (Buckton )

+H2O (lUcwsky)

chloroplatmate, NCl2Pt(2H6Cl)2, PtCl4

Easily sol in hot H20

chloroplatimte, Cl2Pt(N2H6Cl)2, PtCl2

SI sol in H20 (Cleve )

Chloroplatm^iamme chromate,

Cl2Pt(N2H6)2CrO4
Nearly insol in H->0 (Cleve )

- cfochromate,

SI sol in cold, more sol m hot
(Cleve )

- nitrate (Gros' nitrate)3Cl2Pt(N2H6N03)2
Much more easily sol in hot than in cold

H20 Sol in hot KOH+Aq with decomp
Nearly insol in cone HN03+Aq

— mtntochlonde,

Ppt ( Jorgensen )

phosphate

See Chlorophosphatoplatin^amine phos-
phate

sulphate, Cl2Pt(N2H6)2S04

SI sol in both cold or hot H2O (Cleve )
+£H20 SI sol in cold, easily in hot

H20 (Grimm )

sulphocyamde, Cl2Pt(N2H6)2(CNS)2

+H20
Ppt (Cleve )

CMoroplatmmonacfoamine chlonde,

Quite easily sol in H2O (Cleve )

CMoroplatmsewucfoamine carbonate chlo-
ride, 2Pt(NH3)2Cl2, Pt2(NH3)4Cl2(C03)
SI sol in H/), insol in alcohol and ether
Decomp bycoldHCl+Aq (Schon, Z anorg
1897, 13 37 )

Chloroplatmsemcfoamine chlonde,

Cl3Pt(NH3)2Cl

Sol in 300 pts H2O at 0°, and 65 pts at
100° Not decomp by cone H2S04 Sol in
KOH+Aq without decomp (Cleve )

Chloroplatinic acid, H2PtClfl+6H2O

Deliquescent Sol in H 0, alcohol, or ether
+4H2O Deliquescent (Pigeon, C R
112 1218 )
PtCl4, HC1+2H O (Pigeon)

Aluminum chloroplatmate, A1C13, PtCl4+
15H20

Very sol in H2O and ilcohol (Welkow, B
7 304)

Insol in ( thci

Ammonium chloroplatmate,

SI sol in cold, moio easily in hot H2O
(I reseruus )

100 pts H O dissolve 0 666 pt at ord
temp and 12 5 pts at 100° (Crookes, C N
9 37)

240

CHLOROPLATINATE, BARIUM

Insol in cold HCl-hAq Separates out on
cooling from solution in not HC1, HN08, or
H2S04 (Fischer )

Very si sol in cold, easily m hot NH4OH+
Aq (Fresenius )

Cone NH4ClH-Aq ppts it almost com-
pletely from aqueous solution (Bottger )

Sol in NH4 succmate-f-Aq (Ddppmg )

Less sol in HaPtCle-fAq than in H20
(Rogojski. A ch (3) 41 452 )

Sol mbnClg-r-Aq (Fischer)

Very sol with decomp in KCNS-j-Aq
(Glaus )

At 15-20°, sol m 26,535 pts 97 5% alcohoL
in 1476 pts 76% alcohol, and in 665 pts 55%
alcohol If free HC1 is present, it is sol in
672 pts 76% alcohol (Fresenius, A 69 118 )

Insol in absolute alcohol or ether

Barium chloroplatinate, BaPtCl«+6HoO

Permanent, sol in HaO, decomp by
alcohol (v Bonsdorff, Fogg 17 250)

Barium wcwochloroplatinate, PtCl(OH)6Ba-|-

H20

Insol in H20 and in org solvents (Bel-
lucci, C C 1903, I 131 )

Barium pewtachloroplatinate, OH PtClfrBa-j-
H2O

(Miolati, Chtm Soc 1900, 78 (2) 732 )
Cadmium chloroplatinate, CdPtCl6+bH O

Deliquescent, ind cisily sol in H O (\
Bonsdorff )

Caesium chloroplatmate, Cs PtCl»

100 pts H O dissolve it

0° 10° 20° W°

0024 0050 0079 0 110 pU Cs2PtCl6,
40C 50° (>()° 70°

0 U2 0 177 0 21 * 0 251 pts Cb PtCL,
80° <)0° 100°

0201 0 H2 0 *77 pt- Cs PtCl,

(Bunscn, Fogg 113 337 )

Sol mlJOSptB II Oat r>°, md2(>l pts it
100° (Ciookcs, C N 9 20r> )

Calcium chloroplatmate, C tPtC 1, -fbll O

Dchqursunt, ( isily sol in H O (v Bons-
dorff )

Calcium ww/uchloroplatmate, PtCl(OH) C i

+110

Insol in HO tnd in oi^z; sol\<utb flid-
lucu, C C 1903, I 1 il )

Cenum chloroplatmate, C< C 1,, PtClt + im ()
DC hqm^cc nl , very sol in II O 01 doohol,

uibol in othi i \
4CcCl3, 3PtCi4-t-Ml O Dchqucbccnt,

cosily sol in II () or ilcohol, insol in cthci

(Holzmann, J pr 84 bO )

Chromium chloroplatmate, CiCl , PtCUH-
0

Deliquescent (Nilbon, B 9 1056)

-hl€H20 Very sol in H2O and alcohol
Nearly insol in acetone (Higley, J Am
Chem Soc 1904,26617)

Cobalt chloroplatmate, CoPtCl0+6H20
Very deliquescent (Jbrgensen )

Copper chloroplatmate, CuPtCl04-6H20
Deliquescent in moist ail (v Bonsdorff )

Didymium chloroplatmate, DiCl3, PtCl4+
13HoO

Less deliquescent than the cerium salt
(Mangnac )

+10^H20 Dehquescent (Cleve, Bull
Soc (2) 43 361 )

Erbium chloroplatmate, LrCU PtCl4+
11H20

Very deliquescent (Clevc )

Gadolinium chloroplatmate, GdCia, PtCU+
10H2O

Ppt (Benedicko, Z anoig 1900, 22 204 )
Glucintim chloroplatmate, GlPtClo-j-8H20

Dehquescent in moist an Very sol in
HjO, moderately in alcohol lnt>ol m ethu
(Welko^,B 6 1288)

Indium chloroplatmate, JinCi!} oPtCli+
36HO

Dehquebccnt (Nilbon )

Iron (ferrous) chloroplatmate, i cPtCl6+

6H20
Deliquebccnt (lopsoc J

Iron (ferric) chloroplatmate, IM( 1 , PtC U 1-
O

Dchquc s< cnt ( Nilbon )

Lanthanum chloroplatmate, I iC 1 , PtCU t

1311 O

Deliquescent, < \tium K sol in Ho
(Clcvo )

Lead chloroplatmate, P!>Pt< 1 t ill <>

Easily sol in H2O uul il«>liol (lopv>» >
vvith dcioinp (Bnnbiuni, /< il Ch 1867

Lead ///^/<;chloroplatmate, |l*t(
Ph(OJl)

Ppt (Htllum, Chnn s<>< 1<)<)2, 82, li

0 )

Lead JM /^/chloroplatmate, basic,

PtCl fOIljPh, Ph{()Hj
(Miohti, Chun S« 1()()0, 78 (2)7)2)

Lithium chloroplatmate, I i PtC 10 \ (>H ()

JHxticmcly ddiqiUHcuit (Joi^(ns<n), dlloi-
cbcent Easily bol in II O, ikohol, or tthc i-
ilcohol, nibol in tthcr

Lithium /;™/rtchloroplatmate, OH PtC 16I i
Very hydrobcopic (Miohti, Chun So<
1900, 78 (2) 732 )

CHLOROPIATINATE, POTASSIUM

J41

Magnesium chloroplatniate,MgPtCl6-f6HoO i
Sol in H2O and abs alcohol
+12H20 Sol inH20

Manganese chloroplatmate, MnPtCl6+6H20
Not deliquescent, sol m H20
+ 12H2O SI efflorescent

Nickel chloroplatinate, NiPtCl6+6E20
Sol mH2O

Potassium chloroplannate, K2PtCl6
100 pts H2O dissolve at
0° 10° 20° 30° 40° 50°
074 090 112 141 176 2 17 pts K2PtCle}
60° 70° 80° 90° 100°
2 64 3 19 3 79 4 45 5 18 pts K2PtCl6
(Bunsen, Fogg 113 337 )

100 pts H2O dissolve 0 926 pt at 15°, and
5 26 pts at 100° (Crookes, C N 9 205 )

100 g H2O dissolve at

2° 16° 25° 35° 48°

0 4812 0 6718 0 8641 1 132 1 745 g K2PtCl6:

59° 68° 78° 92°
2 396 2 913 3 589 4 484 g K2PtCl6

(Archibald, J Am Chem Soc 1908, 30 752 )
Not attacked by cold cone H2S04 (Las-
Si sol in cold, more easily m hot dil acids

Less sol in KCl-f-Aq than in H20, and nearly

insol in sat KCl+Aq (Schr otter, W A B

n 1 "frJKOH+Aq Inaol in coki or hot
alkali carbonates or bicarbonate T \q i lit**
Easily sol in warm \asbjO, t-Vq mml> i

Sol in \H4 succmate-i- ^q iDonwne
At 15-20°, sol in 12,083 pU j4>*jlute al
ohol, m 3775 pts 76<c absolute alcohol, ami
n 1053 pts 55^ absolute alcohol trtoen
us)

Sol in 1835 pts 76% alcohol nnxtanung
HC1 at 15-20° ( Fresemus }

Nearly absolutely insol in ilouhtd cou-
among ether

Sol in 42,600 pts absolute alrolu »1 Precht
Z anal 18 509 )

1 1 methyl alcohol dissolves U 07^ g at Xi
Pehgot, Momt Sci 1S92, !4] 6 I \m

Solubihty m meth>l alcohol -f Vq at 30

"c alcohol b\ u t

C K PiCU IT i»k) r t-

- lut i t

0

0 7742

5

0 5350

10

9rt

0 4120

ft <XU*>

30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100

0 1S31
0 llt)5
0 Ob25
0 0325
0 01S2
0 0124
0 G03S
0 0027

DV, A AVO )

Solubihty m KCl+Aq at 20°

(Archibald, J
Solubihtj

\m Chem Soc !<*)$ 30 753 >
m etlrv 1 alcohol— \q a 20

G mol IvCl per 1 of

G KaPtClfi in 100 g
of solution

~ , ,, , G K r c ' *

^c aleohcl b\ w~

0 00
0 20
0 25
0 50
1 00
2 00
i 00
4 00
sit

0 7742
0 0236
0 0207
0 0100
0 0046
0 0045
0 0043
0 0042
0 0034

0

0

10
20
30
40
50
bO
7C

0 4910
0 372M
0 2 ISO

0 0"»G
» O<K,

( \rchibald, J Am Chem Soc 1908, 30 757

Solubility m NaCl+Aq at 16°

C mol NaCl per htrt
of NaCl + \q

G K PtClh m 100 g
of solution

0 00

0 672

0 05

0 700

0 10

0 729

0 25

0 758

0 50

0 775

0 75

0 791

1 00

0 805

2 00

0 834

rAro.hihA.ld. J Am Chem Soc 1908,30 757;

90
100

(Archibald, J \m Chem boc l^bs 30 To *
Solubility m ibobunl alconol— \o *t ^»

alcohi'

K *

0
820

sat

0 t«2o

(Archibald, J \m Chem x>c iocs 30 755

242

CHLOROPLATINATE, POTASSIUM

Potassium per^achloro%droplatinate,

K2(PtCl6OH)

Easily sol in H20 (Ruff, B 1913 46
925)

Praseodymium chloroplatinate, PrCls, PtCl4

+12H2O

Very sol in H20 Sol in cone HC1 (von
Scheele, Z anorg 1,898, 18 353 )

Rubidium chloroplatinate, Rb2PtCl6
100 pts H20 dissolve at

0°

0184

30°
0145

60°
0253

90°
0521

10° 20°
0 154 0 141 pts

40° 50°
0 166 0 203 pts

70° 80°
0 329 0 417 pts Rb JPtCle,

100°

0634 pts Rb2PtCl6

(Bunsen, Pogg 113 337 )

Sol in 740 pts H2O at 15°, and 157 pts at
100° (Crookes, C N 9 205 )
Insol in alcohol

Samarium chloroplatinate, SmCl8, PtCl4-h

(Cleve,

Deliquescent Very sol in H20
Bull Soc (2) 43 165 )

Strontium mowochloroplatinate, PtCl(OH)6Si
+H20

Insol in H2O and org solvents (Bellucci,
C 1903,1 131)

Thallium chloroplatmate, Tl2PtCl6

Very si sol in H20 Sol m 15,585 pts
H20 at 15°, and 1948 pts at 100° (Crookes )

Thalhummowochloroplatmate, [PtCl(OH)fi]Tl
Ppt (BeUucci, Chem Soc 1902, 82 (2)
155)

Thallium peratachloroplatinate, (OH)PtClfiTl2
(Miolati, Chem Soc 1900, 78 (2) 732 )

Thorium chloroplatmate, ThCl4, PtCl4-f"

12H20

Very dehquescent (Cleve, Bull Soc (2)
21 118)

Tin (stannic) chloroplatmate, SnCl4, PtCl4-i-

12H20
(Nilson B 9 1142 )

Ytterbium chloroplatmate, 2YbCl3, PtCl4-h

22H20, and +35H20
Ppt (Cleve, Z anorg 1902, 32 137 )

Vanadyl chloroplatmate, (VO)PtCl4-f

Silver chloroplatinate, Ag2PtCl6

Ppt Gradually decomp by H2O uito AgCl
and PtCU (Jorgensen, J pr (2) 16 345 )

AgPtCU(OH)2 Ppt

Silver wonochloroplatinate, [PtCl(OH)5]Ag2
Ppfc (Bellucci, Chem Soc 1902, 82 (2)
155 )

Silver pewtachloroplatinate, (OH)PtCl5Ag2

Ppt , stable in boiling H*>O (Miolati,
Chem Soc 1900, 78 (2) 732 )

Silver chloroplatinate ammonia, Ag2PtCl6,

2NH8
Insol in H20* (Birnbaum )

Sodium chloroplatinate, Na2PtCl6+6H20

Easily sol in H2O Sat solution at 15C
contains 39 77 g Na2PtCl6 and has sp gr
of 1 368 Sol m NaCl+Aq More sol ui
absolute alcohol than in 95% alcohol Sat
solution m abs alcohol contains 11 90%, 95%
alcohol, 6 34% Mixture of equal parts oi
alcohol and ether dissolve 243% Insol n
ether (Precht, Z anal 18 502 )

Sodium pefttachloroplatinate, (OH)PtClfiNa2
Exists only in solution (Miolati, I c )

Strontium chloroplatmate, SrPfcClfl+8H20
Very sol in H20

Sol in H2O, cryst from PtCl4+Aq.
(Brauner, M 3 58 )

Yttnum chloroplatinate, 4YC13, 5PtCU +
52H20

Very dehquescent (Cleve )

2YC1S, 3PtCl4+30H20 (Nilson, B 9
1059)

2YC13, PtCl4+21H20 (Nilbon )

Zmc chloroplatinate, ZnPtCl6+OH2O
Deliquescent, sol in H20 and alcohol

Zinc fefracUoroplatmate, /nPtfOH) Cl4-h

5HO

Extremely sol in H^O and alcohol CMio-
lati, Z anorg 1900,22 458)

Zirconyl chloroplatmate, (ZrO)PtCl6

(Nilson )

Chloroplatmoanhydro2>?/rophosphoric

/>P(OH)2
acid, CIPtP 06H4-ClPt / > O

\PO(OH)»

Not dehquescent Sol mH2O (Schutzen.
berger, Bull Soc (2) 18 154 )

Chloroplatmocyanhydnc acid,

H2Pt(CN)4Cl2
See Perchloroplatinocyanhydnc acid

CHLOROPLATINITE, MAGNESIUM

243

Potassium chloroplatinocyamde, 5K2Pt(CN)4)

K2Pt(CN)4d2+21H20
Sol in H^, insol in alcohol

Silver chloroplatinocyanide,

Ag2(PtCl2(CN)4)2
Ppt (Miolati, C C 1901, 1 500 )

Chloroplatinophosphoric acid,

Cl2PtP(OH)8

Very dehquescent, and sol in H20
(Schutzenberger, Bull Soc (2) 17 493 )

Lead chloroplatinophosphate, Pb3(Cl2PtP08)2
+8H20

pE8(Cl2PtPOs)2, 2PbO+4H2O Ppt
(Schutzenberger, BuU Soc (2) 17 494 )

Silver chloroplataophospliate, Ag2HPOs,

PtCl2

Ppt (Schutzenberger, Bull Soc (2) 17
494)

Chloroplatmocfaphosplionc acid. PtCk

Very dehquescent, and easily sol in H20
(Schutzenberger, BuU Soc (2) 18 153 )

Chloroplatmop2/r0phosphoric acid,
/P(OH)2

\P(OH)3

Less deliquescent than chloroplatmo^phos-
phone acid

Chloroplatinous acid, H2PtCl4

Known only in solution

Aluminum chloroplatuute, AlPtCl5-j-10J$E[2O
Very deliquescent, sol in H2O (Nilson,
3 pr (2) 15 2bO )

Ammonium chloroplatmite, (NH4)2PtCl4

SI sol in cold, easily m hot HoO Insol
in alcohol (Poyrone, A 55 206 )

Barium chloroplatmite, BaPtCl4-f-3H20

Not deliquescent, sol in HaO Very &1
sol in 93% ilcohol

Cadmium chloroplatmite ammonia, CdPtCL,

4NH,

Insol m HO 01 NII4OH-fAq Sol m
HCl-fAq (Lhombcn, B 2 668)

Caesium chloroplatimte, Cb2PtCl4
SI sol m cold, easily in hot H2O

100 pts H20 dissolve 3 4 pts salt at 20°
" " 6 73 " " 40°

" " 868" " 60°

" " 10 92 " " 80°

" " 12 10 " " 100°

(GodefTroy, A 181 176)

Ppt Very sensitive to sun*
light Decomp by HsO into the higher and
lower chlorides (Wohler, B 1909, 42 4104 )

Calcium chloroplatimte, CaPtCU-f 8H20
Dehquescent, sol in H20

Cenum chloroplatmite, CeCl8, 2PtCl2+

Dehquescent, easily sol in H20 (Nilson,
B 9 1847)

Chromium chloroplatuute, CruPtsClia-h

18H20
Dehquescent

Cobalt chloroplatmite, CoPtCl4-{-6H20

SI dehquescent in moist, efflorescent in dry
air

Copper chloroplatuute, CuPtCl4-f-6H2O
Extremely dehquescent (Topsde )

Copper chloroplatmite ammonia (cupram-
monium chloroplatimte).
Cu(NH8)4PtCl4

Insol in H20 or NH4OH+Aq, easily sol
inH2S04-hAq (MiUon and Commaille, C R
67 822)

Didymium chloroplatuute, DiCls, 2PtClj-h

10H20

Dehquescent, very sol in H2O (Nilson )
2DiCls, 3PtCl2+18H2O As above (Nil-
son )

Erbium chloroplatimte, EiPtCl5+13HH20

Dehquescent

Fr2Pt3Cli2+24H2O Deliquescent in moist
air

Glucmum chloroplatimte, GlPtCl4-f-5H20

Deliquescent in moist air Sol in H20 in
all proportions

Iron (ferrous) chloroplatmite, I<ePtCl4-f

7H20
Deliquescent RUhei si sol in cold, very

Liqi
i h

sol m hob H2O fNilson )

Lanthanum chloroplatimte, I i Pt3Cl12+18,

and 27H,0
Deliquescent

Lead chloroplatimte, PbPtCU
Insol in cold H2O

Lithium chloroplatimte, Li2PtCl4-h6H 0
Sol in HO

Magnesium chloroplatimte, MgPtCl4-f-6H20
Not very deliquescent, veiy sol in H2O

244

CHLOE.OPLATINITE, MANGANESE

Manganese chloroplatuute, MnPtCl4+6H20
As the Mg salt

Mercurous chloroplatuute

Ppt

Nickel chloroplatuute, NiPtCl4+6H20
As the Co salt

Potassium chloroplatuute, K2PtCl4

Moderately sol in H20, insol in alcohol

Rubidium chloroplatuute, Rb2PtCl4
SI sol in cold, easily in hot H2O

Silver chloroplatuute, Ag2PtCl4

Insol in H2O NH4OH-f-Aq dissolves out
AgCl (Lang )

AgCl, PtCl2(?) As above (Commaule,
BuU Soc (2) 6 262 )

Silver chloroplatuute ammonia, Ag2PtCl4,
4NH8

(Thomson )

Sodium chloroplatuute, Na2PtCl44-4H20
Deliquescent, very sol in H2O

Strontium chloroplatuute, SrPtCl4+6H20
y sol in H2O

— ^platuute, Tl2PtCl4
i sol even in boiling H20

L chloroplatimte, Th2Pt3Cli4+24H20
v OAJ deliquescent

Yttrium chloroplatuute, Y2Pt3Cli2+24H20
Dehquescent

Zinc chloroplatimte, ZnPtCl4+6H20

SI sol in cold, more easily in hot H2O,
insol in alcohol

Zinc chloroplatuute ammonia, ZnPtCl4.

4NH3

SI sol in H2O, easily sol in HCl+Aq
Insol in alcohol (Thomsen, J B 1868 278)

Zirconyl chloroplatimte, (ZrO)PtCl4+8H2O
(Nilson )

jPnchloroplatmous acid, H2Pt(OH)Cl3

Sol in H2O (Miolati, Z anorg 190*2, 33
265)

+H20 (Nilson, J pr (2) 15 260 )

Lead Znchloroplatuute, PbPt(OH)Cl5
Ppt (Miolati )

Silver ^nchloroplatmite, Ag2Pt(OH)Cls

Ppt (Miolati )

Chloroplatosulphurous acid

Ammonium chloroplatosulphite, acid,

NH4PtClS03, H2SOs-f 4H20
Sol in H20 (Birnbaum, A 152 149 )

Ammonium chloroplatosulphite chloride sul
phite, NHiPtClSOs, (NH4)2SO«, NH4C1

Very dehquescent (Birnbaum )

Ammonium chloroplatosulphite sulphite,

NH4ClPtS08, (NH4)2S03+3H2O
Sol mH20 (Bimbaum)

Banum chloroplatosulphite chloride am
momum chlonde, Ba(ClPtSO8)2,
Ba(PfcClS03)Cl, 6NH4C1+3H2O
Sol mH2O (Birnbaum)

Potassium chloroplatosulphite ammomun:

chlonde, KPtClS03, 2NH4C1
Very dehquescent (Birnbaum, A 152
142)

Potassium chloroplatosulphite chlonde.

KPtClS03, 2KC1

Dehquescent, sol in H20 (Birnbaum, A
152 145)

Potassium chloroplatosulphite ammomun
potassium sulphite, KPtClS03,
(NH4)KS03+3H20
Very deliquescent (Birnbaum, A 159

120)

Sodium chloroplatosulphite ammonium chlo

nde, NaPtClSOs, 2NH4C1
Very deliquescent (Birnbium, A 159
117)

Chloroplumbic acid, H2PbCl0

Decomp in solution on standing (Gut
bier, J pi 1914, (2) 90 497 )

Ammonium chloroplumbate, (NH4)2PbCl6

Ppt Difficultly sol in a small amount o
H20 Solution decomp slowly when cold
more rapidly when warmed

Decomp by a large amount of H2O Sol
without decomp in 20% IIC1 Decomp b
dil acids and alkalis (Elbs, Z Elektrochem
1903, 9 778 )

Difficultly sol in small amount of H2O anc
solution decomp slowly in the cold, moi
rapidly when warmed Decomp by a larg
amount of H20 (Gutbier, J pr 1914. (2
90 498 )

Sol in cold HN03 without decomp (Fried
rich, M 1893, 14 511 )

Insol in cone NH4Cl+Aq (Nikoljukir
B 18 370 R)

5NH4C1, 2PbCl4 Not hygroscopic De
comp by H20 with pptn of Pb02 Sol i
HCl-fAq and in cold HNO3+Aq withou

CHLOROPimPUREOCOBALTIC CHLORIDE

245

decomp (Classen and Zahorski, Z anorg 4
100)

Composition is 2NH4C1, PbCl4 (Fried-
rich, W A B 102, 2b 527 )

Caesium chloroplumbate, Cs2PbCle

Nearly absolutely insol in cone CsCl+Aq
in presence of Cl (Wells, Z anorg 4 335 )

Iccm cone HCl+Aq contamuig PbCl4 dis-
solves 0 000049 g CsaPbCle (Wells, Z anorg
4 341)

Reacts with H20 as the corresponding am-
monium salt (Gutbier, J pr 1914, (2)
90 500)

Potassium chloroplumbate, K2PbCl6
Decomp by H20, sol in KCl+Aq (Wells,

Z anorg 4 335 )
Readily decomp in the air (Gutbier, J

pr 1914, (2) 90 499 )

Rubidium chloroplumbate, Rb2PbCle

Decomp by H20, si sol in cone RbCl-f
Aq (Wells, Z anorg 4 335 )

1 ccm cone HCl+Aq containing PbCl4
dissolves 0003 g Rb2PbCl6 (Wells, Z
anorg 4 341 )

Reacts with H2O as the corresponding am-
monium salt (Gutbier, J pr 1914, (2)
90 499)

Decomp by cone H2S04 Insol in 96%
alcohol (Erdmann, A 1896, 294 76 )

Chloropurpureochromium bromide,

CrCl(NH3)6Br2

Somewhat more easily sol in H20 than the
chloride (Jorgensen, J pr (2) 20 105 )

chloride, CrCl(NH«)iCl,

Difficultly sol in cold, and decomp by hot
H20

1 pfc dissolves in 154 pts H20 at 16°
Insol m cone HCl-fAq More sol in dil
H2SO4+Aq than in H2O Sol m NH4OH-f
Aq without decomp (Jorgensen, J pr (2)20
105)

mercuric chloride, CiCl(NH3)6Cl ,

3HgCl2
Very difficultly sol in H/) (Jorgensen )

. chloroplatinate, CrCl(NH3)6(PtCl6)

Extremely difficultly sol m H20 ( Jorgen-
sen )

chromate, CrCl(NHs)6(CrO4)

SI sol in H20, si more sol than chloro-
purpureocobalt chromate (Jorgensen )

dithionate, CrCl(NHs)6(S2O6)

Very si sol in cold, but much more easily
in hot H20 (Jorgensen )

Chloropurpureochromium f errocyatude,

[drCl(NH8)5]2Fe(CN)6-h4EoO
Very difficultly sol in cold H2O (Jorgen-
sen )

•fiuosilicate, CrCl(NH8)5(SiF6)

Very difficultly sol m H20 Insol in
H2SiF6+Aq (Jorgensen, J pr (2) 20 105 )

mercuric iodide, CrCl(NH8)6l2, 2HgI2

Decomp by H20, sol in alcohol and warm
KCN+Aq

CrCl(NHj)5I2, HgI2 Very difficultly sol
in cold H20, easily sol in KCN+Aq (Jor-
gensen, I c )

•nitrate, CrCl(NHs)6(NO3)o

Sol in 71 pts H20 at 175° Insol
HN08-{-Aq (Jdrgensen )

oxalate,
Very si sol m cold H20 (Jorgensen, I c )

• sulphate, CrCl(NH3)5S04+2H20

Sol m H20, precipitated by alcohol (Jor-
gensen )

sulphate, acid,[CrCl(NH3)5]4S04(HS04)6

Quite sol m H2O (Jorgensen, J pr (2)
20 185)

• pentasulphide, CrCl(NH3)5S5

Very si sol* in cold, easily sol in warm
H20 Decomp by dil HCl-fAq Insol ID
alcohol (Jorgensen )

Chloropurpureocobaltic bromide,

CoCKNH,).Br8

Properties resemble the chloride veiy
closely Sol in 214 pts H20 at 14 3° (Jor-
gensen, J pr (2) 18 205 )

mercuric bromide,

4CoCl(NH3)5Br2, 9HgBi2

Ppt (J)

bromoplatmate, CoCl(NHd)6Br2, PtBr4

Very si sol m H20 (J )

carbonate, CoCl(NET3)8CO,4-4^H20

Fffl orescent , very easily faol in H O (J )

• chloride, CoCi(NH,)5Ch

Very si sol in cold, more easily m hot H20
Sol in 244 pts H20 at 15 5° (Claudet, Phil
Mag J (4) 2 253 ) In 287 pts H2O at 10 2°
and 255 pts at 11 5° (Rose, Pogg 20 152 )
100 pts H2O dissolve 0 232 pt CoCl3, 5NH,,
at 0°, and 1 031 pts at 46 b° (Kurna-koff, J
Russ Soc 24 629)

SI decomp by cold, completely by boiling
H20, decomp prevented by a little HC1
Pptd from aqueous solution by alcohol, HC1,

246

CHLOROPURPUREOCOBALTIC ANTIMONY CHLORIDE

or sat KC1 or NaCl+Aq, not decomp by
boiling HCl+Aq (Claudet, I c) Nearly
insol in cold, but sol in hot H2O, to which a
few drops of HC1 have been added Less
sol in dil HC14-Aq than luteocobaltic chlor-
ide (Rogojski, A ch (3) 41 447 )
Insol in alcohol (Gibbs and Genth )

Chloropurpureocobaltic antimony chloride,

2Cod(NH8)6Cl2, SbCls
Ppt Decomp by H20 (Gibbs )

- bismuth chloride

Insol in cone HC1 Easily decomp by
H20 (Gibbs )

- mercuric chloride, CoCl(NHs)6Clo,
3HgCl2

Insol in cold, less sol in hot H20 than
chloropurpuieocobaltic chloride Insol in
cold fuming HCl+Aq, si sol m hot HC1H-
Aq, separating on coohng, si sol in hot aqua
regia, moderately sol in hot HNOs-j-Aq,
partly sol in cold cone H2S04, wholly on
warming Easily sol in warm H2C2O4-fAq
Insol mHgCl2-}-Aq

Moderately sol in NH4OH-j-Aq 01
(NH4)»CO»+Aq (Carstanjen )

CoCl(NH3)6Cl2, 2HgCl2 SI sol in cold,
but much moie easily in hot H O (Gibbs,
Proc Am A.cad 10 33 )

- chlcropaUadite, CoCl(NH3)5Cl , PdCl2
SI sol in cold, moderate lv sol in hot H2O

(Carstanjen )

- chloroplatinate, CoCKNIJaJcCh, PtCl4

Noirly insol in cold Very si sol in hot
H 0 (Gibbs md Gtnth, Sill \m J (2) 23
319)

chromate, CoC

Vory bl sol in H O f J )

^chromate, CoCKNH3)fCi O

Much inoic < isih sol in HO th tn th<
iHiitnl salt < I )

- dithionate, CoC 1( \ II,) S ()f
Very si sol in ( old, more ( asilj in hot
11,0 (T)

— - manganic fluoride

Ppt SI sol m dil Hl-hAq (Chribtcn-
n, J pr (2) 35 1(>1 )

s<n

fluosilicate, C oC
Vcr> si sol m JI1<

\q

--- iodide, (oGl(NU3)6I

Much more sol in H2O than biomide or
chloride Sol in 54 5 pts IT O at 15 6°, and
50 pts it 19 <J° ( J )

Chloropurpureocobaltic mercuric iodide,
CoCl(NH8)6I2, 2HgI2

SI sol inH20 (J)

CoCl(NH3)fil2, HgI2 Very si sol in cold
H20 (J)

— nitrate, CoCl(NH3)6(N05)2
Sol in 80 pts H20 at 15° Rather easily
sol in hot H20 (Joigensen J pr (2) 18
209)

• oxalate, CoCl(NH3)6C204

SI sol in H20 ( J )

, CoCl(NH8)6(H2P207

SI and very slowly sol m cold, much more
easily in warm H20 (J )

[Go01(NH3)5]2P207+a;H2O Quite easily
sol mH20

efophosphoperctamolybdate,

[Co01(NH8)6]2(5Mo03, 2HP04)

Ppt Nearly insol in pure H20, more sol
in dil H2S04+Aq without dtcomp (J )

[CoCl(NH3)6]2(5Mo03, 2NIl4l»04) Ppt
As above

sulphate, CoCl(NH3)rfeO4

Anhydrous Slowly sol in 13S-1U9 pts
H O at 16°

+2H20 Sol m 13*4 pts II O at 17 3°
Rather easily sol in hot IF O, uvl much mou
rap41 ' Al 1 ' -^ili (J)

[( < \* ^ \ ^ x\ j)( comp h>
H2O into neutral sulphate Sol in 1 1 S04

tartrate, CoGUNlF,) (C|I[6Ofj24-

2^H 0
Model itch sol mllO^insol in ilcohol

thiosulphate, CoCli M I ) S ( )a

Noaily insol in cold II O, \(r\ si M»! in
boiling II O \\ith j) u ti il <1« < onip (] )

Chloropurpureoindmm comps
S( e Indo/v ///amme comps

Chloropurpureorhodium carbonate,

ClIlhfNH,) «M II <)
JH asily sol in IF O ( Imunsui )

chloride, Clllhf Ml ,) Cl

Sol in 170 pts II O it 17° ind inon < usilj
in hot 11^0 Sol in roiu H SO4 or boihni
NaOH+Aq \vithont d( roinj) \ < r\ si sol n
cold dil HQ-|-\q(l 1) M sol in hot HC
-f-A.q Insol in alcohol ( lor^cnsui, ) pi
(2) 27 433, 34 i94 )

rhodium chloride,

3ClRh(NH3)6Cl2, 2RhCl3
Ppt (Jorgensen, Z inorp; 5 7r> )

CHLORORIJTHENATE, RLTilDIlM

247

CMoropurpureorhodium chloroplatinate,
Insol m cold H20 (J )

auosihcate, ClRh(NH3)6SiF6

Very si sol m cold H20 Sol in NaOH-f-
Aq as roseo salt ( J )

rr from

HC1 (Gutbier, B 19Gs 41 >u

KaRhCU+SH O EfflnriNum

•aO \queous solution decomp x<* Jn

aadrng (Claus )

Not obtainable ( Leidit i

Also obtained b\ Seubtrt and KuU*

— hydroxide, ClRh(NH8)6(OH)2
Known only m solution ( J )

3 2556)

nitrate, ClRh(NH3)5(N08)2

SI sol in cold H20, but more easily than
the chloride Sol in boihng NaOH-j-Aq as
roseo salt (J)

sulphate, ClRh(NH3)fiS044-2H2C

SI sol m cold, more easily in hot H20 (J )
4ClRh(NH8)5S04, 3H2S04 SI sol in cold,

more easily in hot H20 (J )

Chlororhodous acid

Ammonium chlororhodite, (NH4)2RhCls+
H2O

(Gutbier, B 1908, 41 213 )

Sol in H2O , msol in alcohol (Wollaston )
Not obtainable (Leidi<§, A ch (6) 17 275 )

(NH4)3RhCl6+l^H20 Sol in H20, but
less easily than Na salt, msol m alcohol Sol
in dil NH4Cl+Aq (Glaus, J B 1855 423
(Gutbier, I c )

Ammonium chlororhodite nitrate,

(NH4)sRh2Cl6, 2NH4NOS
Very sol in H20 Decomp by boihng with
H2O SI sol in HNOs+Aq (LeidiS, C R
107 234)

Banum chlororhodite, Ba3(RhCla)

Resembles the Na salt (Bunsen, A 146
276)

Caesium chlororhodite, Cs2RhCl6+H20

, C R 111

fcibidmxn chlororhodite, RbsRhtU-f HiU
Difficulty sol m HjO (iiithu r B

1,214

Silver chlororhodite, \g,RhCl4
Ppt Insol mHjO i Glaus)
Not obtainable 'T - J-' '

Difficulty sol in H2O
41 214)

(Gutbier, B 1908

Lead chlororhodite, P

Ppt Insol mH20 (Glaus) Not obtain
able (Leidtf )

Mercurous chlororhodite,

Ppt Insol m H20 (Glaus ) Not obtain
able (Lcidic )

Potassium chlororhodite, K2RhClB+H20
Not efflorescent SI sol in H20 SI so

m KCl—Aq (Gibbs ) Insol or si sol i

alcohol (Berzehus )

Salt is anhydrous (Leidifi

Contains 1H2O (Seubert and Kobbe, B

23 2556)

**1 n*
»\t ^ u

Sodium chlororhodite, \a*Rh

Efflorescent Sol m 1 o pis HjO Melts
IE crystal HtO at 50° Insol in alcohol
.Glaus)

+12HO (Gutbier, B 190s 41 21V

Chlororuthemc acid

Ammonium chlororuthenate, \1I« &Kut u

Easily sol in H20 «Claus

Formula is (XH4) RuAO)CI
R 107 994)

Sol in H 0 with decomp :>ol
(Ho^e, J \m Chem Soc 1904 26

Ammonium a<?z«>chloronithenate,

(NH4) RuvH 0;G15
Ppt (Howe J \m Chen ^ »
o4S)

Joh C

in HC 1
>4«1

1*«>4 26

Caesium chlororuthenate, C* R^C

SI sol in HO Sol in hu u^ HL7-^
(Ho^e, J \m Chem ^c 1«KH 23 7^

Potassium chlororuthenate, K P C
\ er> sol in H 0 \ er\ ^ - *• c

NH4Cl+\q In-ol m70ft 0.1 C a^

Formula is K Ru NO C! Jc
Verv si sol in cold H O I - - ~ -

ence of KC1

PartialK decomp in hot ^4

(\nton\,Gazz ch it is^ 29 ^ ^2
Easily sol in H O with *• o ^

Sol in HC1 Hotte 1 \ (

1904, 26 54* )

Potassium a^iiochlororuthenate,

K Ru(OH )CU

Sol in HO Ho^e J \ C en < ,
1904, 26 547 )

Rubidium chlororuthenate, Pb 1 ~CU

SI sol in HO, sol in hot dil HC'-V-
(Howe, J \m Chem boc 1001 23 "M

248

CHLORORUTHENIOUS ACID

Chlororuthemous acid

Ammonium cUtororuthemte, (NH4)4Ru2Clio
SI sol in H20 Insol in 3STH4CH-Aq or
alcohol (Clans, J pr 80 282)

Caesium chlororuthemte, Cs2RuCU-i-H20

SI sol in H20, sol in HCl-fAq (Howe,
J Am Chem Soc 1901,23 785)

Potassium cblororuthemte, K4Ru2Cli9

Moderately sol in cold, more easily in hot
H2O Decomp easily by heating Insol in
cone NH4Cl+Aq Insol ui 80% alcohol

Rubidium chlororuthemte, Rb2RuCle+H2O
SI sol in H20, sol in HCl+Aq (Howe,
J Am Chem Soc 1901, 23 786 )

Sodium chlororuthemte,
Dehquescent Sol in H2O or alcohol

(Trichlorosilicomercaptane
See Silicon chlorohydrosulphide

Chlorosmic acid

ilorosmate, (NH4)2OsCl6

faO Insol in alcohol and H2O

jm chlorosmate, K2OsCl«
rruperties as the NE4 salt

Potassium amino cblorosmate,

(NH2)OsCls,2KCl
Ppt (Bnzard, A ch 1900, (7) 21 375 )

Potassium amino, chlorosmate hydrogen

chloride, (NH2)CsGl3,2KCl,HCl
Ppt (Bnzard, A ch WOO, (7) 21 378 )

Silver chlorosmate, Ag2OsCl6

Insol m H20 or HNOs+Aq (Claus and
Jacoby )

Silver ch'orosmate ammonia, Ag2CsClfl, 2NH8
Sol m much H2O SI sol m KOH+Aq
Easily sol m KCN+Aq (O and J )

Sodium chlorosmate, Na2OsCl6H-2H2O
Fasily sol m H2O or alcohol

Chlorosmious acid

Ammonium chlorosmite,

(NH4)4Os2Clio4-3H«>0
Easily sol in H2O and alcohol, insol in
ether (Claus and Jacoby, J pr 90 65 )

Potassium chlorosmite, K6Os2Cll2+6H20

Very easily sol in H20 or alcohol Insol
in ether (C and J )

Chlorosmisulphurous acid

Potassium hydrogen chlorosmisulphite,
OsCl4(S03)4K6H2
Ppt (Rosenheim, Z anorg 1900, 24 422 )

Sodium chlorosmisulphite,

OsCl2(S08)4NaflH-10H20
Ppt (Rosenheim, Z anorg 1900, 24
420)

Chlorop^/roselenious acid

Ammonium. chloropT/roselemte, NH4C1,

2Se02+2H2O

Sol in H2Q (Muthmann and Schafer, B
26 1008)

Potassium chlorop^roselemte, KC1, 2Se02-f-

H20
AsNH4salt (M andS)

Rubidium chloroawoselenite, RbCl,
2Se02+2H20

AsNH4saIt (M and S )

Chlorostanmc acid, SnO(OH)Cl

(Mallet, Chem Soc 35 524 )

H2SnCl6+6H20 Extremely deliquescent,
sol in H20 (Seubert, B 20 793 )

Ammonium chlorostannate, (NH4) SnCl6

(pink salt)

Sol in 3 pts H2O at 14 5° Solution de-
comp on boihng when dilute, but not when
cone (Bollev )

Barium chlorostannate, BaSnCle-H5H2O
Sol m H20 (Lewy, A ch (3) 16 308 )

(Sharp-

Caesium chlorostannate, Cs2SnClc
Nearly msol in cono HCl+Aq

les, Sill Am J (2) 47 178 )

Calcium chlorostannate, Cd,SnCIG4-5H2O

Very deliquescent (Lcwy, A ch (3) 16
308)

Cerium chlorostannate, CeSnCl7+9H O

Deliquescent Sol in H20 (Clove, Bull
Soc (2) 31 197 )

Cobalt chlorostannate, CoSnClfl+6H2O
Sol in H2O ( Jorgensen ")

Didymium chlorostannate, DiCl3, SnCm
Sol mH20 (Cleve)

Glucinum chlorostannate, GlSnCl6 -j-8H2O

Dehquescent Sol in H2O (Atterberi
Sv V A Handl 12 No 4 14 )

CHLOROTELLURATE, RUBIDIUM

249

Lanthanum chlorostannate, 4LaCl3, 5SnCl4+

45H20
Deliquescent Sol in H20 (Cleve )

Lithium chlorostannate, Li2SnCle+8H20

Sol in little H20 without decomp, but
decomp by dilution (Chassevaiit. A en (6)
30 42)

Magnesium chlorostannate, MgSnCl6+6H20
Very deliquescent (Lewy )

Manganous chlorostannate, MnSnCl6+6H20
Dehquescent in moist, efflorescent m dry
air (Jorgensen )

Nickel chlorostannate, NiSnCle+6H20

Sol in H20 (Jorgensen )
*
Potassium chlorostannate, K2SnClfl

Sol in H20

Sodium chlorostannate, Na2SnCl6+6H20

Easily sol in H20 (Topsoe, Gm K
Handb 6te aufl III 149)

Strontium chlorostannate, SrSnCla+8H20

SI deliquescent, and easily sol in H2O
(Topsoe )

Yttrium chlorostannate, YC13, SnCl4+8H2O
Sol in H20 (Cleve, Bull Soc (2) 31 197 )

Zinc chlorostannate, ZnSnCl6-|-6H20
(Biron, C C 1904; II 410 )

Chlorosulphobismuthous acid

Cuprous chlorosulphobismuthite,

2Cu2S, Bi2S3, 2BiSCl

Stable in air and insol in H20 at ord
temp

Decomp by boiling H20

Decomp by mineral acids with evolution
of H S (Ducatte, C R 1902, 134 1212 )

Lead chlorosulphobismuthite, PbS, Bi^Ss,
2BiSCl

Stable m the air Insol m H20, decomp
by boding H20, sol m dii acids with de-
comp and evolution of H2S (Ducatte )

Chlorosulphomc acid, HC1SO3
See Sulphuryl hydroxyl chloride

Chlorop^/rosulphonic acid

Ammonium chloropyrosulphonate,
C1S2O6NH4

Fumes in the air

Decomp by H20 and alcohol (Traube,
B 1913,46 2519)

Sodium chlorop2/r0sulphonate, ClS2O6Na
Fumes m the air
Decomp by H20 and alcohol ( Traube )

Chlorosulphunc acid, HS08C1
See Sulphuryl hydroxyl chlonde
S02C12 See Sulphuryl chlonde

Aluminum chlorosulphate, A1(S04)C1+6H20
Very sol in H20 Nearly insol in abs
alcohol (Recoura, Bull Soc 1902, (3) 27
1155 )

Chromium chlorosulphate, CrClS04+5H20
Green (Weinland, Z anorg 1905, 48 253 )

(Recoura, C R 1902, 136 164 )

Violet (Wemland, Z anorg 1905, 48

Very sol in H2O Insol in a mixture of

alcohol and acetone (Recoura, C R 1902,
135 164)

+8HzO Two isomeric modifications

(a) Green needles Easily sol in H20
(Wemland, Z anorg 1906, 48 251 )

(b) Violet plates Easily sol in H20
(Wemland )

Chlorosulphurous acid

Ammonium palladious ^nchlorosulphite,

(NH4)8PdCl8S03-!-H20
Easily sol in H20 (Rosenheim. Z anorg
1900, 23 30

Chlorotellunc acid

Ammonium chlorotellurate, (NH4)2TeCl6

Sol without decomp in a small amt of
HjO, but decomp by much H20 or alcohol

Caesium chlorotellurate, Cs2leCl6
Decomp by H20 Sol in dil HCl+Aq
100 pts HCl+Aq (sp gr 1 2) dissolve 0 05

pt at 22°

100 pts HCl+Aq (sp gi 1 05) dissolve

0 78 pt at 22°
Insol m alcohol (Wheeler. Sill Am J

145 267)

Potassium chlorotellurate, K2TeCl6

Deliquescent, decomp by H2O and abso-
lute alcohol (Berzekus )

Ihe most sol in H20 of the chloro- or
bromo-tellurafces Easily sol mdil HCl+Aq.
cone HCl+Aq ppts KC1 (Wheeler, Sifl
Am J 145 267 )

Rubidium chlorotellurate, Rb2leCl6

Decomp by H20 Much more sol m dii
HCl+Aq than Cs2Teri6

100 pts HCl+Aq (sp gr 1 2) dissolve 0 34
pt at 22°

100 pts HCl+Aq (sp gr 1 05) dissolve,
13 99 pts at 22°

SI sol in alcohol (Wheeler )

250

CHLOROTETRAMINE CHROMIUM BROMIDE

Chlorotetramme chromium bromide,

ClCr(NH3)4(OH2)Br

Very easily sol in H20 (Cleve, 1861
(Jorgensen, J pr (2) 42 210 )

- chloride, ClCi(NHs)4(OH2)Cl2
Sol in H2O, but decomp by boiling Sol

m HCl+Aq, and this solution may be boiled

without decomp (Cleve )

Sol in 15 7 pts HoO at 15° (Jorgensen, J

pr 42 208 )

- chromate,

Precipitate (Cleve )

- fluosihcate, ClCr(NH3)4(OH2)SiF6

SI sol m H20 (Jorgensen, J pr (2) 42
218)

-- hydroxide, ClCr(NH3)4(OH)2
Known only in solution (Cleve )

- wdide, ClCr(NH3)4(OH )I
Easily sol mH2O (Cleve)

- nitrate, ClCr(NH3WOH )(N03)

Very easily sol in H*O (Cleve), (Jorgen-
sen, J pr (2) 42 209 )

- sulphate, ClCi(NII3)4(OH )S04

Very difficulty sol in cold, moio cn,sil\ in
hot H20 (Cleve )

Chlorotetramme cobaltic bromide,

ClCo(NH8)4(OH )Br

More sol in H O than, chloride jSu irly
insol in HBr+Aq (I 1) (Jorgensen, J pi
(2) 42 215 )

• chloride, UCof Mi )<«)}£ )C1

Sol m about 10 pts if O, ind js idditicil
with octanniK cohiltu pmpuu nthloridt of
Vortniann ( Joi guise n,J pi (2) 42 211 )

chloroplatinate,
+21 U>
Si sol m II O (

)I)t( 1,

t n )

— chromate, ClGo(NH 3) i<O I T ;CrO,
h isil\ sol in (old HO (Jorg< risen, I pi
(2) 42 21d )

-- fluosihcate, ClCi>(MI04lOlIJfc>iI ,

SI sol in H O N( ul> insol in II Sil , -f
Yq (Jorgpnsin, J pi (2)42 21(O

--- sulphate, ClCo(\ir4)4(OII )SO,

Sol mII20 (loigcnscn, J pr (2)42 211 )

Chlorotitamc acid, 1 iCU,2HCl = II2TiClr

Known onl> in solution (Ko\\ale\\sk>,
/ anorg 1000, 25 192 )

Chlorous acid, HC102

Known only in aqueous solution 100
H20 at 8 5& and 753 mm pressure dissol
4 7 g C12O3 Hydrate with 50 07-67 43
H2O. perhaps HC102+H20, separates o
at O6 (Brandan, A 151 340 )

Pure HC1O2 is not known even in solutio
(Garzarolh-Thurnlakh, A 209 184 )

Chlontes

All chlontes are easily sol in H20 ai
alcohol, with gradual decomp

Ammonitifn chlcnte

Known only in aqueous solution, whu
decomposes on evaporation or long staudin

Barium chlorite, Ba(C102)2

Deliquescent, easily sol in H20 Sol
tion decomp on evaporation Easily sol
alcohol (Millon, A ch (3) 7 298 )

Lead chlorite, Pb(C102)2

Nearly insol in cold H2O, and only si sc
in hot S20 Sol in KOH+Aq (Garzaro
and Hayn, A 209 203 ^

Lead chlorite chloride, 6Pb(C10 ) ,4PbC

PbO

Rathei difficulty sol in H O (Schid.
109 317)

Potassium chlorite, KC10

Vci> deliquescent and sol m HO feol
ilcohol of ?S° fMillon, \ ch (^) 7 32 ^

Sol in HC1O + Vq

Silver chlorite,

Sol in hot, U ss in (old 1[2<) 1 isily d
conip b\ IK itniff il)O\o 1(0C Docomp 1
ik(st Kids ( Millon, \ di ( )7 520)

Sodium chlorite, N id< >

\ c i y dr liqu< s< ( nt, ind sol inlIO

Strontium chlorite, Si ((_!<; )

Ochquts((nt uul sol mJIO Dttoinp 1
lo\\ o\ iporituni (Millon \ < li '07 i27

hloroxyfulmmoplatinum,

in IK 1 | \q

Insol uiH
pr (2) 18

^hloruramc acid, lllj();( l-f2H ()

Sol in I[ O, si sol in Uc ohol
<K)l, 34 277I> )

^hromacichlonde, Or( > ( I
SM Chromyl chloride

^hromatoiodic acid
Sf ( Chromoiodic acid

CHROMATE, AMMONIUM CHROMYL

251

Chromic acid, H2CrO4

Very sol in H20 (Moissan, C R 98
1851 )

Does not exist except in solution (Field,
Chem Soc 61 405 ) '

The composition of the hydrates formed by
H2Cr04 at different dilutions is calculated
from determinations of the lowering of the
fr-pt produced by H2Cr04 and of the con-
ductivity and sp gr ofH2C
Am Ch J 1905,34 333)

See also Chromium tfnoxide

ofE2Cr04+Aq (Jones,

Chromates

Chromates of the alkali metals and of Ca,
Mg, and Sr are sol in H2C, the others are
•ally msol or si sol in H20, but sol in

HNOa+Aq

Aluminum chromate, basic, A1203,
7H20

Easily sol in NH4OH+Aqr alum, or acetic
acid+Aq Insol in NH4Cl+Aq (Fame,
Chem Soc 4 300)

Insol as such as H20, but easily decomp
into H2Cr04 and a basic IDSO! comp Sol in
alkaline solutions and acids Decomp by
many salts (Eliot and Storer, Proc Am
Acad 6 214)

Aluminum sodium chromate silicate,

4Al203,5Na20,Cr08,7Si02
(Weyberg, C B Mmei, 1904 727 )

Ammonium chromate, basic, 5(NH4)20,

4CrOi(?)

Kasily sol in cold H20 (Pohl, W A B
6 592)

Ammonium chromate, (NH4)2CrO,

tion

Very sol in H20 , pptd from aqueous sob
yn by alcohol (Malaguti and Sarzeau

teous solu-

,-, -„ . Sarzeau)

100 g H20 dissolve 4046 g at 30°

(Schremomakers, Chem Weekbl 1905, 1

595)
Sol in H/) without decomp (Schreme-

makcrs, C C 1906,11 1067)

Sp gr of (NH4)2Cr04+Aqatt°/4°

[Schreinemakers, Chem Weekbl 1905, 1
595 )

Sp gr of (NH4)2Cr2O -f Aq at t°/4°

12° 105° 12°

&(NE4)oCiO, 685 1300 1993
3p gr 1 0393 1 0782 1 125S

(Slotte, W Ann 1881, 14 18 )

Sol in alcohol (Ramtzer. Zeit angew
ch 1913, 26 456 )

Insol in benzomtrile (!Naumann. B
1914,47 1370)

Insol in acetone (Naumann. B 1904, 37
4328)

Ammonium inchromate, (NH4)2CrsOzo
Not deliquescent, but very sol in H4O

(Siewert )
Decomp by H 0 into chromic acid and

dichromate ( Jager and Kruss, B 22 2036 )
Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37

4328 )

Ammonium tefoachromate, (NH4)«Cr4Oi3

Deliquescent Decomp bv H 0 (Jager
and Kruss, B 22 2037)

7? prn chromate (NEU)

Annnonrum barium chromate,

BaCr04,(NH4)2Cr04

Ppt Decomp bj H 0 (Groger, Z
anorg 1908, 58 414 )

Ammonium cadmium chromate, iN"H4) 0,

4CdO,4Cr03+3HO

Ppt Decomp by boiling IT O ' Groger,
M 1904, 25 533

Ammonium cadmium chromate ammonia,

% (NH4),C r04
Sp gi

13°
1052

137°
1975

196°
2804

1 0633 1 1197 1 1727

(Slotte, W Ann 1881,14 18)

bl sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 82b )

Difficulty sol in acetone (Naumann,
B 1904, 37 4328 )

Ammonium dichromate, (NH4)aCr207
Less sol in H20 than (NH4)2CrO4

( 100% H20 dissolve 47 17g at 30C

(NH«) <

Decomp bj HoO ('Groger, Z anorg 1908,
58 418 )

(IX H4) Cd(CrO4)2 2NH3 Insol in cold
decomp by hot H20

Sol in dil acids or in iN
(Bnggs, Chem Soc 1P03, 83 395 )

Ammonium chromous chromate^ ?)

(NH4)2CrvCrO4)
Difficultly sol in H20 Insol m alcohol,
ethei, chloroform, or glacial \cetic acid
Easily sol in cone acids, from \\hich it is
separated on dilution Decomp b\ NaOH-r
Aq (Hemtze, J pi (2) 4 220 )

Ammonium chromyl chromate, i3fNH4)O,

2CrO ,3CrO3

Neailymsol mHO (Pascal C R 1909,
148 1465)

252

CHROMATE, AMMONIUM COBALTOUS

Ammonium cobaltous chromate

(NH4)2Co(CrO4)2+6H2O
Ppt Easily decomp (Briggs, Z anorg

1907, 66 247 )

(NH4)20, 4CoO, 4Cr03+3H20 Insol m
H2O Sol in colci dil H2S04 (Groger, Z
anorg 1906, 49 202 )

Ammonium cobaltous dachromate,

CoCr20 7, (NH4)2Cr207+2H20
SI hydroscopie, sol in H20, msol in al-
cohol (Kruss, Z anorg 1895, 8 454 )

Ammonium cobaltous cnromate ammonia)

3CoCrO<,(NH4)2Cr04, 2NH8-i-3H20
Ppt , decomp by H2O (Groger, Z anorg

1908, 58 422 )

Ammonium

nomum cupnc ^cnromate,
2CrCr2O7,3(NH4)2Cr207+6H20

Sol in H2O (Kruss, Z anorg 1895, 8
455 )

Ammonium cupnc cnromate ammonia}
(NH4)2Cr04,CuCr04,2NH8

Decomp
1908, 58 420 }

H20

Insol in cold, decomp by hot H20 Sol
in dil acids or m NH4OH+Aq

(Groger, Z anorg

0 Sol
(Bnggs,

Chem Soc 1903, 83 394 )

Ammonium iron (ferric) chromate,
(NH4)2Cr04,Fe2(Cr04)8-f-4H20

More easily decomp by H2O than K2CrO4,
Fe2(Cr04)8-f4H20 (Hensgen, B 12 1300)

6Cr03, 5Fe2O3, 6(NH4)20, and 4CrO»,
Fe2Os,(NH4)20-|-4H20 Ppts (Lepierre, C
R 1894, 119 1217 )

Ammonium lithium chromate, NH4LiCr04-j-

2H20
Not deliquescent (Rammelsberg )

Ammonium lead chromate, (NH4)2CrO4,

PbCr04

Ppt Decomp by H20 (Groger, Z
anorg 1908, 58 424 )

Ammonium magnesium chromate,
(NH4)2CrO4, MgCr04+6H2O

Much more sol m H^O than the correspond-
ing sulphate (v Hauer )

Sol in H2O (Grbger, Z anorg 1908, 58
416)

Ammonium manganous chromate,

(NH4)2CrO4, 2MnCr04
Sol m H2O (Hensgen, R t c 3 433 )

Ammonium nickel chromate, (NH4)2Cr04,

NiCr04+6H20

Sol ni HoO (Groger, Z anorg 1906, 51
353)

Canbecryst from H20 under 40° (Bnggs,
Chem Soc 1903, 83 392 )

Ammonium nickel chromate ammonia,
(NH4)2Cr04,NiCr04,NH8 +H20

Decomp by H2O (Groger, Z anorg
1906, 51 354 )

(NE4)2Ni(CrO4)2, 2NH8 Insol in cold
H20 Decomp by hot H20 Sol in dil
acids or in NH4OH+Aq
Soc 1903,83 393)

+6H2O
18 254)

(Bnggs, Chem
(Bnggs, Proc Chem Soc 1902,

Ammonium potassium chromate, NH4KCr04
Sol in H20 (E Kopp, C N 11 16 )
-f H20 (fitard, C R 85 443 )
2(NH4)2Cr04, 3JK2Cr04 Very sol in H20

(Zehenter, M 1897, 18 51 )

Ammonium silver chromate, (NH4)2Cr04,

3Ag2Cr04

Decomp by H20 (Groger, Z anorg
1908, 58 423 )

Ammonium sodium chrcmate, NH4NaCr04-f

2H2O

Very sol m H2O (Zehenter, M 1897, 18
54)

Ammonium strontium chromate, (NH4)2Cr04,

SrCr04

Ppt Decomp by H20 (Groger, Z
anorg 1Q08, 58 415 )

Ammonium uranyl chromate, (NH4)2Cr04.
2(U02)Cr04+6H20

Decomp by boiling with H2() Sol in
acidulated H20 (Eormanek, ^ 257, 106)

-H3H2O (Formanek )

Ammomum zmc chromate, (NH4)2O. 2ZnO.

2Cr03+H20

Decomp by hot H20 (Groger, M 1904,
25 520)

Ammonium zinc chromate ammonia,
(NH4)2Zn(Ci04)2) 2NH8

Insol m cold, decomp by hot H2O Sol
m dil acids or in NH4OH-f Aq (Buggs.
Chem Soc 1903, 83 394 )

4ZnCrO4, 2(NH4)2Cr04, 3NH3+3H,0
Ppt Decomp by HoO (Groger, L anorg
1908, 58 416 )

Ammonium ^chromate chloride mercuric
chlonde,(NH4)2Cr207,2NH4Cl,4HgCl2+
2H20
Ppt Sol in cold, more sol in warm H20

(Stromholm, Z anorg 1919, 75 280 )

Ammonium cfochromate chlonde mercuric
cyanide, (NH4)2Cr207, 4NH4C1,
6Hg(CN) +4H2O
(Stromholm, Z anorg 1913, 80 157 )

CHROMATE, BISMUTH, BASIC

253

Ammonium chromate chromyl fluoride,

(NH4)2Cr04, CrO2F2
Sol in H20 (Varenne, C R 91 989 )

Ammonium chromate lodate
See Chromoiodate, ammonium

Ammonium dtchromate mercuric chloride,
(NH4)2Cr2O7, HgCl2

Cannot be recryst, from H20 or HgCl2 +•
but from (NH4)2Cr207-i-Aq (Jager
Kruss, B 22 2044 )

+E20 (Richmond and Abel. Chem Soc
Q J 3 199 )

Cannot be made to crystallize with H20
(Jager and Kruss )

3(NH4)2Cr207, HgCl2 Decomp by H2O
( J and K )

4(NH4)2Cr207, HgCl2 Decomp by H2O
( J and K )

(NH4)2Cr207, 3HgCl2 (J and K )

(NH4)2Cr207, 4HgCl2 (J and K )

Ammonium chromate phosphate
See Phosphochromate, ammonium

Ammonium chromate tellurate
See Chromotellurate, ammonium

Barium chromate, BaCr04

Extremely si sol in H 0

Calculated from electrical conductivity of
BaCr04+Aq, 1 1 H20 dissolves 3 8 mg
BaCr04 at 18° (Kohlrausch and Rose, Z
phys Ch 12 241 )

When not ignited, BaCrO4 is sol in 86,957
pts H20, 22,988 pts NH4Cl+Aq (05%
NH4C1), 3670 pts HC2H302+Aq (5%
HC2H302), 1986 pts HC2H302+Aq (10%
HC2H802), 1813 pts H2Cr04+AqUO%
CrO3) When ignited, 160,000 ote H2O are
necessary for solution (Schweitzer, by Fre-
qenms, Z anal 29 414 )

Sol in 23,000 pts boiling H2O (Meseher-
zeHvi, Z anal 21 399 )

3 5 mg BaCiO4 ate dissolved in 1 1 of sat
solution at 18C (Kohlnuseh, Z phys Ch
1908, 64 168 )

Easily sol in HNOa,HCl, 01 chromic acid+
Aq, from which it i^ precipitated by NH4OH,
or iby dilution with H2O (Bahi )

Insol in K2Or/)7-f-Aq CSchwcitxcr )

Sol m 4<U81 pts NH4C H3O2+Aq (075
% salt) at 15°, m 23,355 ptb NH4C2HsO2-f Aq
(1 5% salt) at 15°, m 45,162 pts NH4N03
+Aq (0 5% salt) at 15° (Fresemus, Z anal
29 418)

Easily sol m alkali tartrates, or citrates +
Aq (Fleischer, J pr (2) 5 326 )

022X10 4 g equiv BaCr04 are dissolved
in 1 1 of 45% alcohol at ord temp (Guerim,
Dissert, 1912 )

Insol in acetic acid and in M2Cr2O7-fAq

Partly sol in a mixture of the two, except

m presence of MC2H302 (Caron and Raquet,
Bull Soc 1906, (3) 35 1064 )

Not completely insol in acetic acid (Bau-
bigny, Bull Soc 1907, (4) 1 58 )

Insol m acetone (Naumann, B 1904,
37 4329)

Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B
190P, 42 3790 )

Barium cfochromate, BaCr207+2H20
Decomp by H-»0 with separation of

BaCr04 Sol m H2Cr04-l-Aq (Bahr, J B

1853 358)
Sol in cold H20 wjth formation of BaCr04

and Cr08
Insol in glacial acetic acid (Mayer, B

1903,36 1742)

Barium calcium chromate, BaCa(Cr04)2
(Bourgeois Bull Soc Mm 1879, 2 124 )

Barium potassium chromate, BaK2(CrO4)2

Decomp by H20 (Gioger, Z anorg
1907, 64 186 )

Decomp by H O Stable in K2CrO4-f Aq,
containing

2 181 pts K CrO4 per 100 pts H2O at 115°
3395 " " " " " " " 275°
5120 " " " " " " " 500°
7119 " " " " " " " 760°
9 036 " " " " " " " 100 0°
(Barre, C R 1914, 168 497 )

Barium potassium Inchromate,
Ba2K2(Cr3010)3H-3H20

Extremely deliquescent (Bahi )

Bismuth chromates, basic

These comps are insol in H2O even 111
presence of H2Cr04, sol in HC1 01 HNO34-
Aq (Lowe, J pr 67 288 ;

100 pts H2O dissolve 000008 pt "bis-
muth chiomato", 100 pts acetic acid dis-
solve 000021 pt "bismuth chi ornate", 100
pts HNOj+Aq (sp gr =1 038) dissolve
000024 pt "bismuth chromate", IOC pts
KOH+Aq (sp gr=M3) dissolve 000016
pt "bismuth chromito ;; (Pcaison, Phil
Mag (4) 11 206 )

Not iiwol m dil HNO,+ Vq unices K CiG4
is picsert Lcsb sol in hot N lOII-f-Aq th ni
PbCr04 (Storer )

"Bismuth chromate" is msol in icctoiu
(Naumann, B 1904, 37 4i29 )

3Bi 03 2CrO, «2(BiO) jCiO4, Bi 03 Insol
m H2O, sol in HNOj+Aq

Bi203, Cr03= (BiO)2Ci04 Insol in H2O,
easily bol in dil HCl+Aq, losb in dil HNO,
or H2S04+Aq (Muir )

Bi203, 2Cr03 = (BiO) Ci 07 Insol in
H20

H-H20

5Bi203, llCiO3+6H2O (Muir, Chem
Soc 31 24)

254

CHROMATE, BISMUTH, ACID

3Bi208, 7Cr03 Insol in H20, easily sol in
mineral acids, especially HCl-f-Aq Partly
so] mKOH-fAq

Bismuth chromate, acid, Bi20s, 4Cr08-f H20
Insol in hot or cold H2O Sol m dil HC1
orHNOs-fAq (Muir, Chem Soc 30 17)

Bismuth potassium chromate, Bi2(Cr04)3,

K2CrO4

Insol in E[2(> Decomp with hot H20
Bi203, K20, eCrOs+HaO (Preis and Ray-

mann, J B 1880 336 )

Bromomolybdenum chromate

(Atterberg )

Cadmium chromate, basic, 2CdO, CrOs+
H20

Very si sol in H2O, very slowly sol in
NH4OH+Aq with combination (Malaguti
and Sarzeau, A ch (3) 9 431 )

Composition as above (Freese, B 2 478 )

Cadmium chromate, CdCr04

Insol in H2Q, sol in acids, decomp by
heating with H2O CSchulz, Z anorg 1895,

04+Aq (Bnggs,

iap uy boiling H20 (Schulz,
10 153 )

^chromate, CdO,2CiO3-hH2O
J^V.BU.J sol in H20 without decomp,
hydroscopic (Schulz, Z anorg 1895, 10
152)

Easily sol in H2O but decomp on evapo-
ration (Groger, Z anorg 1910, 66 11 )

Cadmium inchromate, CdCr3019+H20

Deliquescent (Groger, Z anorg 1910. 66
12)

Cadmium chromate ammonia, CdCr04,
4NH3-1-3H20

Efflorescent Decomp, by H O So] in
NH4OH-fAq, msol in alcohol ind ether
(Malaguti and Sarzeau )

Cadmium potassium chromate, Cdlv (CrOA
-f-2HoO

Ppt Decomp bv H2O (Groger, Z anorg
1907, 54 189 )

3CdO, K O, 3Ci08+3H2O Ppt (Preis
ind Raymann, Sitzungsb bohms Gesell
1880)

4CdO, K2O, 4Cr03+3H2O Ppt Slowly
decomp by H2O (Gioger, M 1904,25 533)

Cadmium potassium rfichromate,
CdCroO7,K,Cr207+2H2O

Sol in H2O, si hydroscopic ('Kiuss, Z
anorg 1895, 8 454)

Cadmium ^chromate mercuric cyanide,

CdCr207, 2Hg(CN)2-H7H20
Sol ui H2O without decomp (Kniss,
Z anorg 1895, 8 460 )

Caesium chromate, Cs2Cr04
(ChabnS, C R 1901, 132 680 )
Aq solution sat at 30° contains 47%

(Schreinemakers, C C 1909,1 11)

Caesium ^chromate, Cs2Cr2C>7
(Chabrie*, C R 1901, 132 680 )
Much more sol in hot H20, than in cold

(Frapne, Am J Sci 1906, (4) 21 309 )
Aq solution sat at 30° contains 52°

(Schreinemakers, C C 1909, 1 11 )

Caesium tfnchromate, CszCrsOio

Decomp byHoQ (Schreinemakers, Chem
Weekbl 1908, 5 811 )

SoL in H20 (Frapne, Am J Sci 1906,
(4) 21 315 )

Caesium tefrachromate, Cs2Cr4Oi8

Sol in H20 with decomp (Schreme-
makers, Chem Weekbl 1908, 5 811 )

Caesium cobaltous chromate,

Cs2Co(Cr04)2+6H20
(Briggs, Z anorg 1907, 66 248 )

Caesium magnesium chromate,

Cs2Mg(CrO4)?+6H20
(Briggs, Chem Soc 1904, 85, 680 )

Caesium nickel chromate, Cs2Ni(Cr04)2

+6H20

Sol m cold H20 without much chan
decomp by warm H2O (Bnggs,

Soc 1904,

y
, 85

679 )

ange,
, Ch

but
em

Calcium chromate basic, Ca2CrO0+3H2O

Sol in 230 pts H2O without decomp
(Myhus and Wrochem, Gm K 3 I, 1385 )

Calcium chromate, CaCi04

Anhydrous Very si sol in H/) (Sio

wert, J B 1862

Aq solution sat at 18° contamb 23%
CaCr04, sp gr=1023 (Myhus and
Wrochem, B 1900, 33 3b8b )

Insol in acetone (Niumann, B 1904,37
4329)

Aq solution sat at 18° con-
tains 44% CaCr04, sp gi =1 044 (Myhus
ind Wrochem, B 1900,33 3688)

+H20 Solubility in H2O at t°

tc

Oc

%CaCrOi 115

t°

40°

%CaCr04 78

8°
108

60°

57

13°
103

75°
46

18°
96

25°
91

90° 100°
36 31

(Myhus and Wrochem, Gm -K 3 I, 1386 )

CHROMATB, CHROMOUS POTASSIUM

255

Sp gr of solution containing 9 6% by
wt CaCr04 at 18° = 1096 (Mylius and
Wrochem, B 1900,33,3688)

+2H20 Sol in 241 3 pts H20 at 14°
(Siewert )

Sol in 34 pts HoO (Schwarz, Dingl 198
159)

Solubility of two modifications in H 20 at t°

a modification

t° 0° 20° 30° 45°

%CaCr04 1475 1422 1389 1253

j8 modification

t° 0° 14° 18° 195° 30° 40°

%CaCr04 98 10 103 104 104 104
(Mylius and Wrochem Gm -K 3 I, 1387 )

a modification Sp gr of the solution con-
taining 14 3% by wt CaCr04 at 18° = 1 149
(Mylius and Wrochem, B 1900, 33 3688 )

j8 modification Sp gr of the solution con-
taining 103% by wt CaCr04 at 18° = 1 105
(Mylius and Wrochem, B 1900, 33 3688 )

Easily sol in H2O containing Cr03

Insol in absolute alcohol

50 cc of alcohol (29%) dissolve 0 608 g
CaCr04, 50 cc of alcohol (53%) dissolve 0 44
g CaCr04 (Fresemus, Z anal 30 672)

Sol in acids and in dilute alcohol (Caron
and Raquet, BuU Soc 1906, (3) 35 1064 )

Calcium cfochromate,
Very deliquescent (Bahr, J pr 60 60 )
In sat solution it 18°, 61% CaCr207 is

? resent (Mylius and Wrochem, Gm-K 3
, 1387 )

Sol in ice tone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4328)

Calcium potassium chromate, CaCrO4,
KjCiOi

(Barre, ( K 1914,158 495)

+H20 1< \ailv sol m H O (Duncan )
Insol in II C) when ignited

-f 2H20 * isily sol in H20, even aftei
ignition Insol in alcohol (Duncan, J B
1850 313 )

Formed below 45° (Him, C H 1914,
158 495)

Sol m cold H O SI sol in sat K,CrO4 +
Aq (Grogei, / inorg 1907,64 187)

Two modinc itions Solubility of a modi-
fication is somewhat less than that of the
/3 modification (Wyrouboff, Bull Soc
Mm 1891, 14 255 )

Solubility of two modifications m H2O at t°

t° 0° 15°

Solubihty of a 23 06 25 06
" j8 23 01 24 45

(Rakowski, C C 1909, I 133 )

4CaCr04, K Cr04

5CaCr04, KoCrO4 Sol in much H*0
(Bahr)

Calcium chromate potassium sulphate,
CaCr04, K2SO4-t-H20

Decomp by H2O (Hannay, Chem Soc
32 399)

CaCr04, K,S04, K2Cr04 As above (H )

Jerous chromate
Insol in H20

Calcium strontium chromate, CaSr(CrO4)a
(Bourgeois, Bull Soc Mm 1879,2 123)

Cenc dichromate, Ce02, 2Cr03+2H20

Insol in H2O, sol in acids, decomp com-
pletely by boiling H20 (Bncout, C R
1894, 118 145)

Chromic chromate, CrO2=Cr203, CrOs

Insol as such in H2O, but decomp thereby
into CrOs and Cr2O3, decomp by alkahne and
many saline solutions Easily sol m dil acids
if recently pptd, but with difficulty if dried at
a high temp (Eliot and Storer, Proc Am

CCr6012=Cr203, 3CrO3 Sol m HCl+Aq
Very slowly sol m HN03+Aq Slowly de-
comp by H2SO4 or NH4OH+Aq Easily de-
comp by KOH+Aq

Does not exist (Eliot and Storer, I c )

CrsOi6=3Cr03 2Cr03 Easily sol in HC1
or HNOs-fAq difficulty sol m acetic acid
Easily sol in KOH+Aq (Traube, A 66
108)

Existence doubtful

Cr509=2Ci203, CiO3 Insol m all acids,
even aqua regia, slowly attacked by a boiling
cone solution of alkali hydroxides (Geuther
and Merz, A 118 62 ) Cr30s according to
Wohler

Chromic cupric chromate, CuCr4Oo, Cr 03-f
12HO

Insol m H O and H2SO4 Sol in HC1 and
HNO3 (Rosenfeld, B 1S79, 12 957 )

6Cu(), Cr2O3, CrO3+9HO Insol m
H20 Sol m acids (Rosenfeld, B 1S79, 12
058)

Chromic potassium chromate, Ci If (( iO4) ,

K2Cr04(>)

Insol in H.2O, alcohol, or icotu acid Not
attacked by cold HNO3+Aq, si oxidized
when hot Insol m cold, easily sol in hot
H2S04 SI sol in SO2+Aq Sol m cone
HCl-f-Aq (Tommasi, Bull Soc (2) 17 396 )

Chromous potassium chromate,

K2Cr04(Cr02)2 = K2Cr(Cr04) (>)
Sat cold solution in H O contains 9% of
the salt Insol m alcohol and ether (Hemtzc,
J pr (2) 4 212 )

256

CHROMATE, COBALTOUS, BASIC

Cobaltous chromate,
4H20

Ppt Decomp by H20
Sarzeau, A ch (3)9 431)

True formula is 2CoO,
(Freese, Pogg 140 252 )

4CoO, 3Cr03J-2H20

basic, 3CoO, CrOs+
(Malaguti and

Cr08+2H20

r8

Decomp byH20
49 203 )

(Groger, Z anorg 1906,

Cobaltous ckromate, CoCr04

Much more sol m H20 than NiCr04
Easily sol in hot dil HN03+ Aq (Bnggs,
Z anorg 1909, 63 327) inAn

+2H20 Ppt (Bnggs, Z anorg 1909,
63 328)

Cobaltous ^chromate, CoCro07+H20

Dehquescent Very sol in H20 (Briggs,
Z anorg 1907,56 247)

Cobaltous potassium chromate, basic

K20, 4CoO, 4Cr05-j-3H20
Sol in cold chl H2S04+Aq (Groger,
Z anorg 1906, 49 199 )

Cobaltous potassium chromate, K2Co(Cr04)2

+2H20
Decomp byH20 (Groger, Z anorg 1906,

4ft 90Q)

chromate, basic, 3CuO, Cr03+
H2O

in H20 Easily sol in dil HN03+
Aq and m NH4OH+Aa Decomp by KOH
-j-Aq (Malaguti and Sarzeau, A ch (3) 9
434)

7CuO, 2Cr03+5H20 Ppt (Rosenfeld,
B 13 1469)

7CuO, Cr03+5H20 Ppt (R )

Cobaltous cfechromate mercunc cyanide,

CoCr207, 2Hg(CN)2+7H20
Very stable Sol m H20 (Kruss, Z
anorg 1895, 8 458 )

Cupnc chromate, CuCr04

Insol in H20, very sol in chromic icid
and m other acids, decomp by boihng with
H2O (Schulz, Z anorg 1895, 10 152 )

Insol m liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 827 )

Cupnc ^chromate, basic, CuCr207, 2CuO
(Stanley, C N 54 194 )

Cupnc dzchromate, CuCr207+2H20
Dehquescent Veiy easily sol m H20,

NH4OH+Aq, and alcohol (Droge, A 101

39 )
Aqueous solution is decomp by boiling

(Malaguti and Sarzeau, A ch (3) 9 456 )
Very hygroscopic Very sol m H20 with-

out decomp
150 )

(Schulz, Z anorg 1895, 10

Cupnc teirachromate,

Dehquescent Decomp when its
in H20 is concentrated (Or<5ger Z
1910, 66 15 ) '

Cupnc lead chromate,

(2CuCr04, CuO)
Mm Vauquehnite Sol

2(PbCrO,
4'

in acids
basic

Cupnc potassium chromate,

KCu2(OH)(Cr04)2-|-H2O
Ppt (Grdgei,M 1903,24: 485)
3CuO, K2O, 3Cr03+2H2O Nearly mso

in H20 Sol m NH4OH or (NH4)2CO»+A,

(Knop, A 70 52 )

Does not exist (Rosenfeld. B 13 1470
4CuO, K20, 4Cr03+H20 Decomp t

boihng H20 (Gerhardt ) F

+3H20 Decomp by boiling H20 (Gr

ger, Dissert 1880 )

Cupnc potassium chromate ammonia

K2Cu(Cr04)2, 2NH3

Very sol mdil NH3-j-Aq decomp byH2(
(Briggs, Chem Soc 1904, 85 672 )

Cupnc chromate ammonia, CuCr04, 4NE

Decomp by H20 Sol m dil NH<OH
Aq (Parravano and Pasta, Gazz ch i
1907, 37 (2), 255 )

4CuCr04, 3NH,+5H C) Nol m HC1 ai
NH4OH+Aq , msol in oiganic solvents, eaa
sol in AgN03-fAq (Schxiytcn, C C 190
I 399)

2CuCr04, 7NH3-1-H O Decomp byH2<
Very sol in dil NH.OPI-f Vq (Briggs, Chez
Soc 1904, 85 (>7 ^ )

3CuO, 2CiOi, lONHi+^H O Decom
by H20, si sol 01 msol in ilcohol, ether,
NH4OH+A(j (MiliKiiti uid Sarzeau)

Decomp b> hot II O, m^ol in alcohc
(Bottgcr )

Cupric r/tchromate ammonia, CuCr2C

dil NH4OH
G izz ch

Decomp b\ U () Sol in
Aq (Pin witio uid P ist i,
1907, 37 (?) 2rr> )

Cupnc (hch.roma.te

CuCrO
Not hypobcopic
anorg 1895, 8 4(>M

mercuric cyanide,

+5If,O
Sol in IFO (Kruss,

Didymium chromate, Di (C iO4)3
SI faol m HO, cisily in chl acids (Fr

nchs and Smith, A 191 3r>l )
-f 7H2O (Clevo )

Didymium potassium chromate,

Di2(Cr04)3, K2Cr04
Precipitate Decomp by H2O (Cleve ,

CHROMATE, LEAD

257

Dysprosium chromate, Dy2(Cr04)3

Very si sol in H20
100 pts H2O at 25°
1276)

1 0002 pt
(Jantsch, B 1911, 4A

^anthanum chromate, La->(Cr04)3
SI sol in cold, more easilj in hot H2O,
asily sol in acids (Frenchs and Smith, \

Glucinum chromate, basic, GlCr04, 13G10 +
23H20

Ppt Insol in H20 (Creuzberg, Dmgl
163 449 )

GlCr04, 6G1(OH2) Ppt Insol in H20
(Glassmann, B 1907, 40 2603 )

Glucinum chromate, GlCr04+H20

Decomp by H2O with separation of the
basic chromate (Glassmann, B 1907. 40
2603)

Gold (aunc) chromate, Auo(Cr04)3,CrO3
Ppt (Orloff, Ch Z 1907, 31 1182 )

Indium chromate

Ppt (Meyer)

Indium cfochromate

Very sol in H O Known onlv in solution

Iron (feme) chromate, basic
Dcoomp by H2O (Maus )
Fe203, CrOj Insol in H20, but decomp
thueby, or by balme solutions, easily sol in
\oids Sol in H Cr04+Aq (Ehot and
Stoin, Proc Am \c id 6 216 )

Iron (ferric) ^chromate

Sol m H O md ilcohol (Maus, Pogg 9
132)

Iron (ferric) potassium chromate, basic

2Cr()j, <>F<2() , *K O

4CrO,, ilu2O3, 41U)

lOGiOj, blu ()3, 7K/)

HCiOi, il'eO,, 4K2()-f9HO

<)Gr()a, 2Iu C),, (>K ()-f()H20

9CrO{, ^Iu2()^, ()K2O + 10H20

lOCrOa, Uu O3f bK2O-f-5H20

7GrO,, 21'CjO,, 2KO+7H20

4Gi(),, lu/),, K 0+4HO

bGiO,, 2Lc ()t, iK^O

IbCrOj, 41u2()-j, 'JKjO-r-SH^O

Above compoundb uc ppts , insol in H2O
ilcohol and ctlu i (1 cpicne, C R 1894, 119
1215-1S )

Iron (feme) potassium chromate,

lu2(Cr04)3, K2Ci04+4H20
Dtcomp by much H20, cone HC1, o
NH4OH+Aq Not decomp by alcohol
(Hensgen, B 12 1300)

Iron (feme) sodium chromate, basic,

SCrO,,, 7Fe2O3, 4Na20
Ppt (Lepierre, C R 1894, 119, 1217 )

91 355)
+8EUO

Ppt (Cleve )

Lanthanum potassium chromate

(Cleve )

jead chromate, basic, 2PbO, GrOs (chrome
red)

Insol in H20, acetic acid dissolves out 1A
the PbO Sol in KOH+4q (Badams,
" Sg 3 221)

nsol m acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329)

3PbO, CrO3 (Hermann, Pogg 28 162 )

+H20 Ppt (Stromholm, Z anorg 1904,
38 443)

Mni Melanochroitej Phcemcocrorie Sol
in acids

PbO, PbO04 Ppt (S^

Lead chromate, PbCr04

Insol in H20 Pptd from Pb(NO,)2 m
presence of 70,000 pts H20 (Harting)

Calculated from electrical conductivity of
PbCr04+Aq, 1 1 H20 dissolves 02 mg
PbCr04 at 18° (Kohlrausch and Rose, Z
phys Ch 12 241)

1 1 H20 dissolves 12X10- g PbCrO4 at
25° (Hevesy, Z anorg 1913, 82 328 )

Sol m dil H S044-Aq (Storer), si sol m
dil HN08+Aq

Sol in 560 pts HNOj+Aq of 1 12 sp gr ,
in 150 pts HNOa+Aq of 1 225 sp gr , in
130 pts HNOs+Aq of 1 265 sp gr , in 80
pts HN03+Aq of 1395 sp gr (Storei's
Diet)

Solubility of PbCr04 m HNOs-h\q at 1SC

(Millimols per 1 )

0 IN 0 2N 0 3\ 0 4N

0 506 0 844 1 13 1 44

(Beck and Stegmullei, / c )

Easily decomp by hot HCl-Kq (Fre&e-
inus )

Solubility of PbCrO4 in HC1+ ^q
(Milhmols per 1 ;

t°

0 IN

02N

03N

04N

o ->\

ObN

18
25
37

018b
0239
0357

0393
0485
0744

0654
0839
131

107
132
210

1 56
4 Ob
328

22o
29^
46C»

(Beck and Stegmuller, \rb K Gesund
Amt 1910, 34 44b )

Intjol m HC2H802+Aq

Easily sol in KOH, or NaOH+Aq 1 1
KOH+Aa (14 normal) dissolves 119 g
PbCr04 at 15° ,16 2 g at 60°, 26 1 g at 80°,

258

CHROMATE, LEAD

38 5 g at 102 (Lachaud and Lepierre, Bull

Soc (3) 6 230 )

Insol in NH4Cl-hAq (Brett, 1837 )
Sol in K2Cr2O7+Aq, almost completely

insol in NH4C2H302, or NH4N08+Aq
Not pptd in presence of Na citrate (Spil-

(Frankhn, Am Ch
1904,

Insol in liquid NH3
J 1898, 20 828 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B
37 4329)

Min Crocotte Sol in hot HCl-f Aq, diffi-
cultly sol in HN08+Aq, sol in KOH-fAq

Lead &chromate, PbCr207

Decomp by H20

-j-2H20 As above (Preis and Raymann,
B 13 340)

Lead lithium chromate, PbCr04, Li2Cr04
(Lachaud and Lepierre, C R 110 1035 )

Lead potassium chromate, PbCr04| K2Cr04
Insol in hot or cold B^O or in alcohol Dil

acids dissolve out K2CrO4 (Lachaud and

Lepierre, C R 110 1035 )
Decomp by H20 Stable in contact with

solutions containing

8 950 pts K2Cr04 per 100 pts H20 at 10*

8077
7629
7150
6145
4940

(Barre, C R 1914, 158 497 )

275°
375°
500°
760°
1000°

Lead sodium chromate, PbCr04, NaCr04
Sol in H20(?) (Lachaud and Lepierre )
PbCrO4, 2PbO, Na2Cr04 (L ind L)

Lithium chromate, Li2CrO4

100 cc of solution sat at 18° contain 85 g
anhydrous salt (Kohlrausch, BAB
1897 90)

99 94 pts are sol in 100 pts H2O at *0°
(Schrememakers, C C 1905 II, 1486 )

-f-2H2O Very easily sol in H20 (Ram-
melsberg, Pogg 128 323 )

100 g H20 dissolve 111 g salt at 20°
(Von Weimarn, C C 1911 II, 1300 )

Sp gr of solution sat at 18° = 1 574, and
contains 526% IiCrO4 (Myhus and Wro-
chem, B 1897,30 1718)

Lithium bichromate, Li2Cr207

130 4 pts are sol m 100 pts H2O at 30°
(Schrememakers, C C 1905 II, 1486 )

+2H2O Deliquescent Sol in H20
(Rammelsberg )

Lithium potassium chromate, K2CrO4,

Li2Cr04+^H20
Hydroscopic (Zehenter, M 1897, 18 54 )

Magnesium chromate, MgCrO4

Sol in H2S04, and HC1, insol in H 08
(Dufau, C R 1896, 123 888 )

Sp gr of MgCrO4H-Aq sat at t°/4°

136° 145° 13 '

MgCr04 1231 2186 27 1
Ip gr 1 0886 1 1641 1 170

(Slotte, W Ann 1881, 14 19 )

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904 37
4328)

+7H20 Easily sol mH20 (Vauqm in)

100 cm of solution sat at 18° contain 0 g

MgCrO4 (Kohlrausch, BAB 1897 9 )

Sp gr of solution sat at 18 =1 422, md

contains 42% MgCr04 (Myhus and pro-
chem, B 1897, 30 1718 )

+5H20 Very sol in H20 (Wyroi off,
Bull Soc Mm 12 60 )

Magnesium cfechromate, Mg2Cr2O7

Sol inH2O

SI sol in alcohol (Reimtzer, Zeit ar ew
1913, 26 456 )

Magnesium potassium chromate, Mg( O4,
K2Cr04+2H2O

100 pts H2O dissolve 28 2 pts at 20°, 43
pts at 60° (Schweitzer )

Sol in H O SI sol m sa,t R2CrO4- iq
(Gioger, Z anorg 1907, 54 ISS )

Insol in alcohol

H-6H20 Efflorebunt (Bnggs, C m
Soc 1904, 85 679

Magnesium rubidium chromate,

MgRb2(CrO4)2+bHJ()
(Bnggs Chem Soc 1904, 86 (>70 ) (Ba voi,
Chem KSoc 1911, 99 H27 )

Magnesium sodium chromate

(Stanley, C N 54 104 )

Manganous chromate, 2Mn<), C lO^-j- 2O

Ppt Sol m dil HS(>4 or HN()}- ^Vq

(Warnngton ind Remsch S( hvv 13 ?S )

Manganous potassium chromate. Mn( ()4
K,CrC)4+2H2(>

Docomp by IT () Sol m clil If ()4
(Grogcr Z iiiorg 1005,44 450)

2MnCrO4, R,GiO4+4ir<) Sol in 2()
(Honbgc n, R t < 3 4 i i )

Mercurous chromate, basic, 41 Ig O, iC J3

Very bl sol in cold, more in boiling 2O

SI sol in HNO3-fAq D< comp by H 1 +

Aq SI sol mNH4Cl+Aq or NH4NO,- \q

(Brett )

Does not exist (Richter, B 15 148< )

3Hg20, Cr03 Sol m HNO,+Aq (I ch-

ter)

CHROMA.TE AMMONIA, NICKEL

259

3Hg2O, 2Cr03
1912, 76 350 )

Ppt (Fichter, Z anorg

Mercurous chromate, Hg2Cr04

Very si sol in cold, more readily in hot
H2O SI sol in dil HN03+Aq, sol in cone
HNO3,sol inKCN+Aq,insol mHg2(N03)2
-hAq (Rose,Pogg 53 124)

Less sol in K2Cr04+Aq than in H20
(Fichter, Z anorg 1912, 76 349 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329 )

Mercuric chromate, basic, 2HgO, Cr03
Sol inHCLandmHNOa+Aq (Geuther)
3HgO, CrO3 SI sol in H20 (Millon)
The only true compound All others are
mixtures of HgO or HgCrCX with this com-
pound (Cox, Z anorg 1904, 40 155 )

4HgO, Cr03 SI sol in H2O (Millon, A
ch (3) 18 365)

7HgO, 2Cr03 Easily sol in warm HN03,
when freshly precipitated Easily sol in
HCl+Aq (Geuther A 106 247 )
Does not exist (Freese, B 2 477 )
5HgO, Cr03 Easily sol in HCl+Aq
Very si sol in HN03-hAq Decomp by
H2O into—

6HgO, Cr03 Insol in H20 (Jager and
Kruss, B 22 2049)

Mercuric chromate, HgCrO4

Decomp by H2O and acids into basic
s lit (Geuther )

Sol in acids Sol in warm NH4C1, or
NH4NO34-Aq Sol mHg(N03)2j orHgC!2-f-
\q

Insol m ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1Q10, 43 314)

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904
37 4329)

Mercuric ^chromate, HgCr207

Ppt (GiwUowbki, C C 1906 II, 1307

Mercurous potassium chromate,

Hg2K2(Cr()4),

Ppt , decomp by H2() (Groger, Z anorg
1907,64 101 )

Mercuric chromate, basic, ammonia, 12HgO

SCrO,, 2NH3+3H20
(Grogcr, Z moig 1908,58 420)

Mercuric chromate ammonia, HgCiO4

2NHi+H20
(Grogoi;Z anoig 1908,58 419

Mercuric chromate sulphide, 2HgCr04, Hg£
Not attacked by weak acids (Palm, C C

1863 121 )

Nickel chromate, basic, 4NiO, CrOsH-6H20
Insol in H20, easily so 1 m NH

(Malaguti and Sarzeau, A ch. (6)v

3NiO, Cr03+6HoO Insol in H2O, sol in
*H4OH-t-Aq (Freese, J B 1889 271 )

2NiO, Cr03-j-6H20 \s above (Schmidt,
± 156 19)

5NiO 2Cr03-hl2H,O \s ibo\e
Schmidt )

ickel chromate, N
Not attacked by boihng H2O
Nearly msol mhotdil HNOa Slowly sol
in cone HN03 and aqua regia
Somewhat sol m NH3-l-Aq (Bnggs, Z
norg 1909, 63 326 )

Nickel dichromate, 2\iCrt07+3H20

Slowly sol in cold, rapidly sol in hot H 0
Deliquescent (Bnggs, Z anorg 1907, 56

,46;

Nickel potassium chromate, NiCr04, KjCrO*

+2E20

Decomp by H20 (Groger, Z anorg 1906,
1 353 )

+6H20 Efflorescent (Bnggs, Chem
Soc 1904,85 678)

Nickel rubidium chromate, NiRb(Cr04)2-i-

6H20

SI efflorescent at ord temp (Bnggb,
hem Soc 1904, 85 678 )

Nickel chromate ammonia, NiCrO4, 6NH3-}-

4H20

Decomp by H 0 Quite easily sol in
NH4OH+Aqof 096sp gr (Schmidt) In-
sol in alcohol or ether

Potassium chromate, K Cr04, K Cr O , etc
System K 0, Cr03, H O at 0°

100 pr of the at solu

tion contain

solid phas,

g R20

g CrOs

31 18
2b 06

0 54

K Cr04

19 31

4 27

4

17 73

5 oO

17 06

11 77

17 18

11 91

17 62

18 71

*

17 63
17 61

\l 91 K 004-hK Ci C)

17 79

19 10

17 80
10 90

19 10
11 93

KCrO

8 07

8 93

1 87

3 13

1 41

3 00 |

1 42

3 01

0 97

3 94

0 78

22 38

1 02

38 83

1 26

40 10

1 36

40 41

1 22

41 70

260

CHROMATE, POTASSIUM

System K2O, CrO3, H20 at Q°— Continued

System K2O, CrO3, H20 at 30°

100 g of the sat solu

100 g of the sat solu

tion contain

Solid phase

tion contain

Solid phase

g KaO

g CrOs

_

P -KaO

g CrOa

46 8
26 89

0 94

KOH,2H2O
K26r04

1 28

41 75

K2CroO7

1 40

42 10

"

22 25

3 06

u

1 23

42 11

"

19 52

6 99

tt

1 33

42 16

"

18 65

13 72

a

1 31

42 28

it

18 60

17 00

'

1 38

42 48

11

18 70

17 03

et

1 40

42 68

((

19 12

20 30

"

1 47

42 93

K2Ci207+K2Cr30io

19 35

21 00

KoCrO4 -}-K2Cr 2O 7

1 47

42 95

(C

15 04

16 85

K Cr207

1 47

43 09

"

14 77

16 51

cc

1 25

44 52

KsCrtOio

12 28

14 57

tl

1 27

44 95

"

11 20

13 11

tt

1 18

45 84

"

4 98

10 48

tt

1 17

46 84

"

3 07

19 34

tt

1 36

47 22

K2Cr3Oio+K2Cr4Oa3

2 42

28 21

tt

1 36

47 31

(

2 35

33 77

tt

1 40

47 67

2 30

36 78

"

1 24

48 23

K2Cr4Oi3

2 30

40 41

tt

1 35

51 66

i

2 50

44 50

K2Cr207+K2CrsOi«

1 10

53 81

2 25

49 95

K Cr3010+K2Cr4Oi

1 08

55 63

'

1 35

53 30

KoCr4Oi

1 16

56 93

'

0 69

62 81

Iv Ci4OJ3+CrO3

0 96

57 63

i

62 52

CrO3

1 ift

X JLU

0 91

59 87

(Koppel and Blumenthal, Z inoio; 1907, C

0 81

60 16

t

235)

0 70

61 76

K2Ci4013+Cr03

0 62

61 77

t

0 57

61 78

System R2O, Oi<>,, H O at 60d

0 67

61 86
61 51

Cr03

100 v of the sat solu
tion contain

61 52

Soli 1 ph ist

61 55

A1 K.T

i

fc KiO

g CiO

Dl Of

c 50 0

KOH H2O

(Koppd and Blumenthal, % inoig 1007, 53

32 9S
21 05

0 53
0 15

K CrOj

245 )

20 70

S 00

*

20 25

14 4*

«

20 32

10 5b

<

System K (), Gi<>,, HO it 20C

20 67
20 72

21 04
22 00

(

20 6S

2* 40

K Ci()1+K2Cr2O7

100 K of th( sit solu

20 55

2i 74

K ( r2O7

tion contain

Solid ph i (

14 53

20 S2

t K/0

k CrOi

13 3(>

20 03

'

10 01

21 24

*

2 21

42 92

K CriOT+KjOaOj,,

10 01

21 24

<

2 20

43 28

t

8 39

2b 05

'

2 10

44 02

K2CrjOjo

7 65

31 40

2 02

45 28

a

7 54

*2 02

e

2 01

46 24

tt

6 86

39 64

'

2 00

48 4(>

K Ci O H-K Ci C)

7 06

40 84

K Cr Ov+KaCrjOi

1 04

48 62

K Cr O

6 51

50 40

K2Cr3010

1 62

49 01

tt

5 33

52 70

a

0 62

62 80

K2Cr4Oi3+CrO3

5 49

52 70

"

5 06

53 42

"

CKoppel and Blumenthal. Z anorg 1907. 53

243)

5 12
5 30

53 58
53 70

d

(C

CHEOMA1E, POTASSIUM

261

System K2O, Cr03, HoO it 60°— -Continued

100 pts H20 dissolve at—

100 g of the sat solu

0° 10° 20° 30°

tion contain

Solid phase

5890 6092 6294 64 96 pts KoCrO4,

g K20

g CiOs

40° 50° 60° 70°

5 01

54 09

K2Crs010+K2Cr4013

6698 6900 7102 73 04 pts K2CrO4,

4 06

54 73

K2Cr4Oi3

3 29

54 91

80° 90° 100°

2 95

55 43

75 06 77 08 79 10 pts K2CrO4

3 01

56 41

2 50

58 05

(Alluard, C B, 69 500 )

2 31

58 69

2 00

6C 69

2 05

61 25

100 pts H20 dissolve at—

1 70

61 27

0° 10° 2737° 421°

1 79
1 57

61 29

62 57

615 621 663 70 3 pts K2Cr04,

1 27

65 77

.KoGr O I CVO

65 12

Cr03

63 6° 93 6° 106 1°

749 797 81 8 pts K2CrO4

(Koppel and Blumenthal, JZ anorg 1907. 53
240)

System KoO, CrO3, H20 at the
cryohydric pt

Cryohy
dric pt

100 £ of the solu
tion contain

Solid phase

g KsO

g O03

-11 5° 17 IS
—30 0° 1 18
—39 0° 0 79

18 11

42 51
45 69

K2Cr04+K2Cr2O7
K2Cr207+K2Cr3010
K2Cr3010+K2Cr4O13

(Koppel ami Blumtnthal, Z anoig 1907, 53
263-5 )

B -pt of solutions of CrO3+K 0-J-Aq

B pt

100 « of the solu
tioii < ontam

Solid pbasn

« K 0

f, CrO

109°
105 8
106 8
104 8
114 0
127 0

30 01
23 S
24 3
16 4

16 S

11 92
25 3
iO 5
35 ()
50 2
71 2

KCi04

ti

K2OrO4+K2Cr207
K Cr,O7
K Ci,07 + K CrjOm
CrOd

(Koppel and Blunnnthil, / \norg 1007, 53
255)

Potassium chromate, K CiO4
Easily sol in H 0

Sol in 2 pts H O at IS 7> ( \hl ,

100 pts H O it 1 > dissolve 4 i H V7 pts K CrOi ind
solution has sp ^r ot 1 i()i2 (Michel and Krafft A
ch (3) 41 47S )

1 pt dissolves in 207 pt& H2O at 155°
(1 homson )

1 pt dissolves in 1 75 pts H2O at 17 5°,
and m 1 67 pts H O at 100° (Moser )

(Nordenskjold and Lindstrom, Pogg 136
314)

100 pts K2CrO4+Aq sat at 10-12° con-
tain 37 14 pts salt (v Hauer. J pr 103
114)

100 pts H2O at 19 5° dissolve 62 3 pts
K2Cr04, and solution has sp gr of 1 3787
(Schiff, A 109 326 )

Sat K2Ci04-hAq contains at —
34° 53° 79°
39 7 40 3 41 8% K20r04

96°
426

120°
440

157°

45 4% K2CrO4

(£fwd, A ch 1894, (7) 2 550 )

100 oo sat K Ci04+Aq contain 53 g
K2Cr04 at 1S° (Kohlrausch, BAB 1897
90)

100 pts H2O dissolve 6491 pts K2CiO4
at 30°, or 100 g of solution contain 39 36 g
K2Cr04 (Schrememakerb, Chem Weekbl
1905, 1 837 )

100 g H2O dissolve

54 57 g K CrO4 it - 11 B7° (ciyohydru pt )
57 11 e " " 0°

74 60 g
88 80 g

60°

" 105 S° (b-pt of safc sol )
(Koppel, Z anorg 1907, 53 262 )

6462 g K2Cr04 au sol in 100 g H2O at
25° (Amadon, Real \fct I me 1912, (5) 21,
I 667)

262

CEROMATE, POTASSIUM

Sp gr of K2Cr04+Aq at 19 5°

9

9

9

I

Sp gr

M

bp gr

M

Sp gr

l
2

1 0080
1 0161

15
16

1 1287
1 1380

28
29

1 2592
1 2700

3

1 0243

17

1 1474

30

1 2808

4

1 0325

18

1 1570

31

1 2921

5

1 0408

19

1 1667

32

1 3035

6

1 0492

20

1 1765

33

1 3151

7

1 0576

21

1 1864

34

1 3268

8

1 0663

22

1 1964

35

1 3386

9

1 0750

23

1 2066

36

1 3505

10

1 0837

24

1 2169

37

1 3625

11

1 0925

25

1 2274

38

1 3746

12

1 1014

26

1 2379

39

1 3868

13

1 1104

27

1 2485

40

1 3991

14

1 1195

(Kramers, and Schiff, calculated by Gerlach,
Z anal 8 288)

K2Cr04 dissolved in 2 pts H20 has sp gr ,
1 28, 3 pts , 1 21, 4 pts , 1 18, 5 pts , 1 15,
6 pts , 1 12, 7 pts , 1 11, 8 pts , 1 10 (Moser )

Sp gr of sat solution at 8° = 1368 (An-
thon, 1837 )

Sp gr of sat K CrO4+Aq containing
2426% K2Cr04 = 12335 at 18°/4° (Slotte.
W Ann 1881, 14 18 )

Sp gr of K2Cr04+Aqat25°

Concentration of KaCr04 -f-Aq

1-normal

V- "
V4- "

V.T "

Sp gr

1 0935

1 0475

1 0241

1 0121

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 6 36 )

feat K2Cr04-f Aq boils at 107° (Kremers )

Sat K2Cr04+Aq boils at 104 2° undei 718
mm pressure (Alluard )

Freezing point of sat KjCrO4+Aq
-125° (Rudorff) l

By dissolving KoCr()4 m 2 pts H C), tho
temp is lowered 10° (Mosei )

100 pts sat solution of K2Cr04 and K fe04
contain 37 14 pts of the two salts it 10-12°
(v Hauei, J pr 103 114)

Solubility of K2Cr04 + K2b04 m H2() it 25°
(G per 100 g H2O )

kjCr()4

K so.

Iv CrO^

K S( ) ,

63 09

0 76

20 83

5 75

61 39

1 17

14 65

7 12

58 40

1 84

7 81

8 98

51 81

2 36

4 36

10 25

40 93

3 3d

1 94

10 86

27 36

4 82

667)

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am < i
J 1898, 20 829 )

100 g sat solution m glycol at 15 4° c< L-
tam 1 7 g K2Cr04 (de Conmck, C C 19 >,
II 183)

Insol in benzomtnle (Nauraann, >
1914, 47 1370 )

Insol in methvl acetate (Naumann, »
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumai ,
B 1904, 37 3601 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, '
4329,Eidmann, C C 1899 11,1014)

+4H20 Easily sol in H2O and mNEW T
-J-Aq (Wesch, Dissert 1909 )

Potassium cfochromate, K2Cr207

Sol in H2O, with slight absorption of he
Less sol ID H20 than K2CrO4

Sol m 9 6 pts HyO at 17 3°
10 18 7°

(Thompson )
(Moscr )

100 pts H20 at 15° dissolve 9 126 p
K2Cr207, and solution has sp gr = 1 06
(Michel and Krafft, A ch (3) 41 478 )

100 pts H20 dissolve pts K2Cr 07 A = *
cording to Alluard (C R 59 500), K
according to Kremers (Pogg 92 497)

0
10
20
30
40
50

4 6
7 4
12 4
18 4
25 9
35 0

4 97
8 5
13 1

29 1

60
70
80
90
100

45 0
56 7
68 6
SI 1
94 1

1C

50 5

73 0

102 0<

Solubility in H2O it high tomporatun
100 pts H20 dibbolvc ptb K Cr 07 at t°

117
129

It K C r ( )

12S

14S
ISO

I Is K C r (

200 ()
2b2 7

I ilden ind Sh< intone, Phil 1 1 ins 1884 2i
Solubility of K ( i 0 in II () it t°

-I

4-1
(>
7
12
15
20
29
«)
57
61
65
70

4 1

4 i

5 (>
(> 1
7 2
S 5

10 4
14 2
16 ()
2S 2
50 2
^2 0
34 4

101
120
1 SO
lr>0
157
17S
215
2<)1
U2

</< K ( r ( )

42 S

44 0

45 0
52 0
54 4
<>0 S
<>2 S
(><> 6
76 9
S9 7
91 S
97 4

(Etard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 550)

GHROMATE, POTASSIUM YTTERBIUM, BASIC

263

, A°o° ^H2° ^ssolve 10 1 g K2Cr207 at
15 5° (Greenish and Smith, Pharm J 1901,
66 774 )

100 pts HaO at 30° dissolve 18 12 pts
.K2Cr2O7 (Schrememakers, Chem Weekbl
1905 1 837)

100 g H20 dissolve

4 50 g K2Cr207 at -0 63° (cryohydnc pt )
4 64 g " "0°
1813g " " 30°
4544g " " 60°
108 2 g " " 104 8° (b-pt of sat sol )
(Koppel, Z anorg 1907, 53 263 )

100 c c sat solution contain 11 43 g
R2Cro07 at 20° (Shemll and Eaton, J Am
Chem Soc 1907,29 1643)

100 g sat K2Cr207 contain

552g K2Cr207at 481°

15 17 " " 30 10°

1777 " " 3533°

(Le Blanc and Schmandt, Z phys Ch 1911,

77 614)

100 g bat K2Cr207+Aq at 35 03° contains
17 72 g K2Cr2O7 (Le Blanc, Z phys Ch
1913, 86 335 )

K Or O -fAq sat at S has sp j,r 1 065 (Anthon
1837)

Sp gi of KCr207+Aqatl95°

% K Cr2O7

Sp gr

% KjCraOi

Sp gr

1

1 007

9

1 065

2

1 015

10

1 073

3

1 022

11

1 080

4

1 030

12

1 085

5

1 037

13

1 097

(>

1 043

14

1 10?

7

1 050

15

1 110

S

1 05b

(Kumus, calcuUted by Gerlach, Z anal 8
288)

Sp gi <>1 K. 2Ci2O 7 +Aq containing 471%
K2Oi/> =KH2r> it ll°/4°, containing 6 97%
RCrO=104<H it 106°/4° (Slotte, W
Vnn 1SS1, 14 IS)

Sit K2Ci2O7-f-\qb<>ilb<tt 104° (Kiemers),
KB 4° (Alluaid)

Tnsol in alcohol

SI sol m liquid MI (In mklm, Am Ch
] 18()K, 20 82<) )

Insol in il( ohol ( Rumtzer, Zeit mgew
Ch 191 i, 26 45b )

100 g s it solution in u;lycol contain 6 g
K2Ci/)7 (dc Conine k, Bull a,cid roy
Belg 1905, 257 )

Inbol in benzomtnle (Naumann, B
1914, 47 1370 )

Insol m acetone C Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329)

Insol in acetone and in methyl al (Eid-
mann, C C 1899 II, 1014 )

Potassium tfnchromate, K2Cr3Oio

Easily sol in H20 and alcohol (Bothe, J
pr 46 184 )

Not deliquescent, decomp b> H2O in
chromic acid and K*Cr207 ( Jager and Kruss,
B 22 2041)

Potassium tefrachromate, K2Cr4013
Very deliquescent, and easily <*ol in H*O

rSchwarz, Dmgl 186 31 )
Not deliquescent Decomp by H2O

( Jager and Kruss, B 22 2042 )

Potassium samarium chromate,

Precipitate (Cleve )
Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1904, 37 3601 )

Potassium sodium dbromate, S

Na2Cr04

Sol m H20 (v Hauer, J pr 83 359 )
64 2 pts are sol in 100 pts H20 at 14°

(Zehenter, M 1897, 18 49 )

' " '

" " /
' " "

Potassium strontium chromate,

Ppt Decomp by H 0 fGroger, Z anorg
1907, 54 187 )

Decomp by H2O Stable in contact with
solutions containing

at 11 5°, 2 914 pts K2Cr04 per 100 pts EUO
at 27 5° 4123 " " " " " "
at 50°, 5942 "
at 76°, 7920 "
at 100°, Q 784 '

(Barre, C R 1914, 158 496 )

Potassium thallium chromate, K Cr04,
Tl2Cr04

(Lachaud and Lepieire, Bull feoc (3) 6
232 )

+2H20 Rapidly hydrolyzed by H O un
less a laige excess of the CrO4 ion is present

Readily sol mdil mmeial acids

Difficulty sol m KiCr 07 + ^q (Hawle\ ,
J Am Chem Soc 1907, 29 304 )

Potassium uranyl chromate, I\2Cr04,

2(U02)CiO1-f 6H 0

Docomp by boiling \\ith H2O Sol in
acidified H20 (Foimanek, A 257 103 )

Potassium ytterbium chromate, basic,
2KYb(Cr04)2+Yb(OH)3+15^H20

Ppt (Cleve, Z anorg 1902, 32 151 )

2b4

CHROMATE, POTASSIUM YTTRIUM

Potassium yttrium chromate, K2Cr04,

Solubility in H20 at t°

Ppt (Cleve )

t°

% RbaCrOi

Potassium zinc chromate, basic, K20, 5ZnO,

— 7

36 65

OO OT

4CrO3-f6H20, or K2O, 4ZnO, 3CrOs
, +3H20

10 3
20

38 27
40 22
42 42

Slightly sol m cold, decomp by hot H O
(Wonler)

30

40

44 11
46 13

K20, 4ZnO, 3Cr03+3H2O Insol m cold,
decomp by hot H20 (Groger, M 1904,
25 520)

50
60 4

47 44
48 90

Potassium zinc chromate, K2ZnfCr04)2+

2H20

Ppt Decomp by H2O (Groger, Z
anorg 1907, 54 189 )

Potassium cfochromate chloride mercuric

chloride, K2Cr207,2KCl,4HgCl2-f2H2O

Solution m H20 sat at 205° contains

6 78% salt Salt is much more sol in hot

H20 (Stromholm, Z anorg 1912, 75 278 )

Potassium chromate lodate
See Chromoiodate, potassium

Potassium chromate magnesium sulphate,

K,Cr04, MgS04+9H20
Sol m H2O (fitard, C R 85 443 )

Potassium chromate mercuric chloride,

KoCr04, 2HgCl2

Easily sol in H20 Sol in dil HCl+Aq
(Darby )

Potassium cfachromate mercunc chlonde,
K2Cr,0 , HgCl2

Ether or absolute alcohol dissolves out
HgCl2 fMillon, A ch (3) 18 388 )

Can be crystallized from H2O (Jagei and
Kiuss, B 22 2046 )

Potassium chromate mercunc cyanide,
2K2CiQ4, 3Hg(CN)2

Easily sol m H20

-j-H2O (Dextei )

Formula is K Cr04, 2Hg(CN) (Cl irkc
and Sterne, Am Ch J 3 352 )

Potassium c/ichromate mercuric cyanide,

K2Cr207, Hg(CN) -f 2H2O
bol in H2O (Wyrouboff, I B 1880 300 )

Potassium chromate phosphate
See Phosphochromate, potassium

Potassium chromate sulphate, KjCrO*,

6K2S04
Easily sol m H20 (Boutron-Chalara }

Potassium chromate tellurate
See Chromotellurate, potassium

Rubidium chromate, Rb2CrO4

Sol in HoO (Piccard, J pr 86 455 )

(Schrememakers and Filippo, Chem Weekbl
1906,3 157)

Rubidium bichromate, Rb2Cr2O7

Sol in H20 (Grandeau, A ch (3) 67
227)

Very si sol in H20, 5% at 10°, 8% at
26°, 35% at 60° (Wyrouboff, Bull Soc
Mm 1881,4 129)

100 pts H20 dissolve 10 46 pts Rb2Cr2Ot
at 30° The solution contains 9 47% salt
(Schrememakers and Filippo, Chem Weekbl
1906,3 157)

Two forms of crystals Figures denote pts
salt per 100 pts EUO

t° 14° 26° 43°

Monoclimc form 445 800 1652

Tnchmc form 440 791 1657

(Wyrouboff, Bull Soc 1908, (4) 3 7 )

Solubility of monochmc and tnclinic forms

Pts of salt in

Pts of salt in

100 pts HaO

U)0 pts H2O

JTc nip

T( mp

Mono

Tn

Mono

Tn

clinic

clinic

chnu

clime

18°

5 42

4 96

40°

13 22

12 90

24°

6 94

6 55

50°

18 94

18 77

30°

9 08

8 70

60°

28 I

27 3

(Stortcnbcker, C C 1907,11 15S8)

Rubidium efochromate chlonde mercunc
chloride, Rb Cr207, 2RbCl, 4HgCl2-f
2H20

bol in HO

Solution sat at 20 5° contamb 5 35% bait
(fetromholm, Z anorg 1912, 75 284 )

Silver (argentous) chromate, Ag4Cr()4

Sol in dil acids (Wohloi iml Ratitcn-
berg )

Existence veiy doubtful

Silver chromate, Ag CrO4

Absolutely insol in H.jO Sol in acids,
ammonia, and alkali chiomates+Aq (War-
mgton, A 27 12 )

Appreciably sol in cold, and still moie in
hot H20 (Memeke, A 261 341 )

100 com H20 dissolve 0 064 gram Ag2CrO4
at 100° , 100 ccm H>0 containing 50 grains

CHROMVTE, SODIUM, BASIC

265

of the following salts dissolve the given amts
of Ag2CrO4 at 100° NaNO3, 0064 grain,
KN03, 0192 grain, NH4NO3, 0320 grain,
Mg(N08)2, 0 256 grain (Carpenter, J S C
I 6 286)

According to electrical conductivity of
Ag2CrO4+Aq, 1 1 H20 dissolves 28 rdg
Ag2CrO4 at 18° (Kohlrausch and Rose, Z
phys Ch 12 241)

1 1 H20 dissolves 25 mg Ag2Cr04 at 18°
(Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1904, 60 356 )

25 mg are contained in 1 1 of sat solution
at 18° Solubility increases unusually rapidly
with temp (Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1908,
64 168)

Sol in 26,378 pts cold H20 and 9116 pts
H20 at 100° (Komnck and Nihoul, Zeit
angew Ch 1891, 5 295 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 12X10-4 gram atoms
of silver at 25° (Abegg and Cox, Z phys
Ch 1903, 46 11 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 0 029 g Ag2Cr04 at 25°
(Schafer.Z anorg 1905,45 310)

1 1 H20 dissolves 0 0256 g Ag2CrO4 at
18°, 0 0341 g at 27°, 0 0534 g at 50° fWhitby
Z anorg 1910, 67 108 )

Sol in hot NH4OH+\q of sp gr 094
(1563% NH,), si sol in cold NH4OH-f-Aq
of sp gr 091 (2499% NH3) (Margosches,
Z anorg 1904,41 73)

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 829 )

11 65% alcohol dissolves 00129 g Ag2CrO4
at ord temp (Guenm, Dissert 1$12 )

Insol in H2O containing acetic acid in
presence of large excess of AgNO3 (Gooch
and Weed, Am J Sci 1908, (4) 26 85 )

Practically insol in glacial acetic acid
but somewhat sol in dil acetic acid It be-
haves in a similar manner toward propionic,
lactic and other organic acids The red modi-
fication is more sol than the greenish-black
(Margosches, Z anorg 1906, 51 233 )

Silver (fochromate, Ag2Cr2O7

SI sol in H20 Easily sol in HNO8, or
NH4OH-hAq (Warmgton )

Decomp by bojkng with HoO into CrO3
and Ag2Cr04 (Jager and Kruss, B 22
2050)

Decomp by cold H 0 (Autenrieth, B
1902, 35 2061 )

1 pt is sol in 12,000 pts H2O at 15°
(Mayer, B 1903, 36 1741 )

Solubility in H2O at 25° =7 3 XHH atoms
Ag per 1 Decomp by HN08-hAq (less than
0 06 N) with separation of Ag2CrO4 (Shernll
and Russ, J Am Chein Soc 1907, 29 1674 )

Solubility of Ag CiO7 in HN03-fAq at 25°

Solubility of 4g2Cr04 m NH4OH+Aq at 25°

Mols HNOspcrl

Milhat

per I

Solid Phaso

Mols NH4OH por 1

Mols X 103 Ag CrO* per 1

Cr

Aff

0 01

2 004

0

32 20

5 390

Ag2Cr04+

0 02

4 169

Ag2Cr07

0 04

8 505

0 01

25 06

6 131

t

0 08

17 58

0 02

20 21

7 148

(

0 04

13 59

9 520

(

(Shernll and Russ, J

Am Chom Soc 1907,

0 06

11 10

11 10

Ag2Cr O7

29

1662)

0 08

11 10

11 10

c

fel sol m vciy cone I\2CrO4+Aq Piac-

008-f-014gNO3

6 624

tically insol in \gNOj+Aq (Margobthes )

(Shen ill ind Russ, J Am

Chom

Soc 1007,

Solubility ot \gAV), in HNOj+Aq at 25°

29 1664

)

Mols

Milli it per 1

Silver uranyl chromate, 2Ag CiO^

UO,CrO<

UNOa
perl

Cr

\.

Solid Phti*(

Ppt (Formtnek, A 257 110)

0 01

3 157

() ^1

t;

Ar CH)

Silver chromate

ammonia

, Ag,Cr04, 4NH3

0 015
0 02

3 750
4 177

S 456

"

Decomp by H O Sol in warm cone
NH4OHH-Aq (Mitschoihch, Pogg 12 141)

0 025

4 567

0 03

5 200

<

Silver ^chromate mercuric cyanide,

0 04

5 80S

11 62

i

\g2Ci 07, Hg(CN)

0 05

6 iRO

Sol in cold H 0 veiy sol in hot H O

0 06

6 S^

<•

without doromp

(Kiuss,

Z itioig 1S95, 8

0 07

7 33$

456)

0 075

7 477

14 S5

1 H-AgCijO7

Ag2Ci 2Qi, 2Hg(CN) > Seal ( c ly bol m c old

0 08

7 260

15 45

more readily in hot H O Sol m hot HN()3~h

0 10

5 647

10 01

( (C

Aq, *• j) tilling on cooling CDirby, Chcm

0 13

4 293

23 89

C it

Soc 1 24 \

0 14

3 948

25 63

t ti

Sodium chromate, basic, Na4CH)54-HH^O

(Shernll and Russ, J

Am Chem Soc 1907,

Sol without decomp in

HO

29

1663)

Sat solution

at 30°

contains 41 3%

266

CHROMATE, SODIUM

Na4Cr05 (Schrememakers, Z phys Ch
1906, 66 93)

Deliquescent
Solubility in H20 at t°
t° 0°

% Na4CrO5 33 87

10°
3558

35°
4409

t° 27 T

% Na4Cr05 40 09

(Mylius and Funk, Gm -K 3 I, 1379 )

Na4Cr06+Aq sat at 18° contains 37 50%
JXTa4Cr05, and has sp gr = 1 446
and Funk, B 1900, 33 3688 )

Sodium chromate, Na2Cr04

100 ccm of solution sat at 18° contain
54 g Na2CrO4 (Kohlrausch, BAB 1897
90)

Solubility in H2O at t°

Ch

205°
3805

37°

4513

9)

FxrliTie

+6H2O
Solubility in H20 at t°

t°

% Na CrOt

Mols H2O to
1 raol anh>
drous salt

Mols anhv
drous salt t(
lOOmols H<

17 7
19 2
21 2
23 2
24 7
26 6

43 65
44 12
44 64
45 27
45 75
46 28

11 60
11 40
11 16
10 88
10 77
10 45

8 62
8 77
8 96
9 19
9 37
9 57

t°

% Na2Cr04

70
80

1 100

55 15
55 53
55 74

(Mylius and Funk, Gm -K 3 I, 1379 )

Na2Cr04-f Aq sat at 18° contains 40 10%
Na2Cr04, and has sp gr = 1 432 (Mylius
and Funk, B 1900, 33 3686 )
See also +4, 6, and 10H2O
Sp gr of Na2CrO4+Aqat t°/4°

t° 17 4° 17 1° 20 7°

%Na2CrO4 576 1062 1481

Sp gr 1 0576 1 1125 1 1644

(Slotte, W Ann 1881, 14 18 )

+4H20 Sat solution at 30° contains
46 62% Na2CrO4 (Schiememakers, Z phys
Ch 1906, 56 93 )

Solubility in H2O at t°

t

<% Na CK),

t

V(Ni CrOi

25 6
31 5
36
40
45

4b OS
47 05
47 OS
48 07
50 20

40 5
54 5
50 5
65

50 0*
52 2S
53 }0
55 2 ,

(Mylius ind iMink Gm -K 3 I, H70 )
Solubility mil () at t°

t

% Ma;( i(>,

M< 1 II () 1o
1 niol iinhv

(ll(MlS S lit

Mols inh\
(Iron tit to
lOOmols H O

28 9
29 7
31 2

46 47
46 54
47 OS

10 M
10 U
10 12

0 64

0 67
0 8S

(Salkouski H 1001,34 1948)

(Salkowski, B 1901, 34 1948 )

+10H20 Deliquescent (Kopp, A 4,
99 ) Easily sol in H20 Melts in cryst
H2O at 23° (Berthelot )

Sp gr of solution sat at 18° =1409, an
contains 38 1 % Na2Cr04 ( Mylius and Funl
B 1897,30 1718)

Solubility m H20 at t°

t°

%NajCrO4

0
10
18 5
19 5
21

24 04
*3 41
41 65
44 78
47 40

(Mylius and * unk, Gm -K 3 I, 1 379 )

Sp gr of bolution it 1S° t out lining 40 V
Na2Or04 = 1432 (Mylius, H 1000, 3
3688 )

SI sol in alcohol (Mosci )

100 g absolut( nutirvl iloohol dissolv
0345g Na2CrO4 it 25° (<lc Hni\n, / ph>
Ch 10 7S3)

Inbol in i((ton< (Niumuin H 1001, 3 1
4320 )

Sodium Bichromate, NT i C i ( )
MOM sol in F () thin Ni ( i(),

Solut)iht\ in II O it t

<H

OS0

SI 10
SI 2)

(Mylius UK I lunk <<m k 3 I MS(I )

Sj) gi ol KJIK oils solution < out innng
1 r) 10 lr> 20 J>'r Ni( i ()
1 007 1 Oir) I 071 1 105 1 1 H 1 171

30 r> K) 4r> >() ', MiCi (^
1 20S 1 24) J 2SO 1 iH Mti

(Stmhy C N 54 104 )

Sj> gi oi sit solution «mt unmg h^()2'
Va Ci207 it 1S°«1 745 (M\lms ind lumk
B 1900, 33 i(>SS )

SI sol in liquid NH3 (liinklin Am Cl
J 1808, 20 820 )

CHROMATE, THALLOLS

267

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904. 37
4328)

-f-2H2O Deliquescent

100 pts H20 dissolve at —
0° 15° 30° 80° 100° 139°
107 2 109 2 116 6 142 8 162 8 209 7 pts salt

(Stanley, C N 54 194 )
Solubility in HoO at t°

0
17

34 5
52
72
81

% Na2Cr207

61 98
63 82
67 36
71 76
76 90
79 80

(Mylms and Funk, Gm -K 3 I, 1380 )

100 g H20 at 30° dissolve 197 6 g Na2Cr207?
or sat solution at 30° contains 664%
Na2Cr2O7 (Schrememakers, Z ph>s Ch
1906, 56 97 )

100 ccm of a solution of sodium dichro-
mate in alcohol contain 5 133 g Na2Cr2074-
2H2O at 19 4° The solution decomp rapidly
(Remitzer, Zeit angew Ch 1913, 26 456 )

The composition of the hydrates formed by
Na2Cr2O7 at different dilutions is calculated
from determinations of the lowering of the
fr==pt produced by Na>Cr207 and of the
conductivity and sp gr of Na2Cr 0
(Jones, Am ch I 1905, 34 317 )

Sodium Jnchromate, NaCr3Oi0

Deliquescent Very bol in H20 (Stanley
C N 64 194)

-fH2O Sat solution at 30° contains
80% Na2Cr{On, (Schromom ikers, Z phys
Ch 1906, 55 04 )

Solubility in H2(> at t°

t° 0° 15° 55° 99

%Na2Cr,0,o SOOJ SO 44 S2 68 857*
fMylius md bunk Gm -K 3 1,1380)

bp «n of sit solution < ontammg SO 6*
Na2Ci jOio it 1S° =2 05<) fMylius and Funk
B 19(X),33 «>SS)

Sodium ^rachromate, Na Cr4Oi3+4H 0
Solubility in H O at t°

t° 0° lb

%NaCr4On 7219 7419 760
(Mylius and I<unk, Gm -K 3 1, 1380 )

Deliquescent

Sat solution at
Na2Cr4Oi3 and has s]
and Funk, B 1900, 3i

18° contains 74 6 c/
> gr -1926 (Myliu
i 3688)

odium uranyl chromate, \a2Cr04
2(U02)Cr04+10H O

Easily sol m H20 (Forrndnek, \ 257
08)

100 pts of the solution m HjO contun
2 52 pts of the anh> drous salt at 209 (Rim-
ach, B 1904, 37 482 )

Sodium chromate silicate, >»a 0, Cr Oa
2SiO +14H.O

Not decomp by HCl-f\q (Singer, Dis-
ert 1910)

2Na«0, 3Cr03, 6Si02 Xot deeomp b\
Doiling cone acids except HF (\\ejberg
~ B Miner, 1908 519 )

5Na20, 2Cro03, llSiO (\Ve>berg)

3Na20, 2Cr 03, 9 5SiO (\\ eyberg )

Strontium chromate, SrCr04
Somewhat sol in H20 Sol in 840 pts

H20 (Meschezerski, Z anal 21 399), sol in

831 8 pts H20 at 15° (Fresemus, Z anal 29

419)

100 cc H20 dissolve 04651^ at 10°

1% at 20°, 2 417% at 50°, 3% at 100° (Rei-

chard, Ch Z 1903, 27 877 )
Easily sol in HC1, HNO,, or H Cr04-h *q
Sol in 512 pts 05% \H4Cl-Kq at 15°
Sol m 63 7 pts 1% HC H30 + \q at 15^
Sol m 348 8 pts solution containing 0 75^

NH4CoH302, 4 drops HC H30 , and 6 drops

(NH4)2Cr04-Kq (Fresemus)
100 ccm NH4C1+ \qsat at bpt dissohe

1 g SrCr04 (Dumesml, \ ch 1900 <7) 20

^ rte \

50 ccm alcohol (29^c) dissohe 00066 g

r50 c'cm alcohol (53^) dissohe 0001 g
SrCr04 (Fresemus, Z anal 30 672 )

Strontium cfochromate, SrCr 0
Easily sol in H 0

Strontium tochromate, brCrsO j+3H 0

Very deliquescent, and sol m H 0 (Preis
andRavmann, B 13 340)

\ccordmg to Stromholm is srCl

Recnbt from HO (Imbeit mil Belugon
Bull Soo 1S^7 (3)17 471 )

2&rCi<)4 OHgCl , HC1 ( Imhert and Belu-
gon )
Thallous chromate, HCrO4

100 ptb HO di&sohe OOo pt at bO

^r^rz^^i^

^vStllolVbo^tner^^
NH4OH and \aC03-r^q ha\c the ^uni
action Attacked b\ \ erv dil nCl-r ^q
Sol m hot cone HCl+^q Decomp bx .hi
(Carstanjen )

268

CHROMATE, THALLOUS

1 1 KOH+Aq (112 g per 1 ) dissolves about
3 5 g Tl2CrO4 on boiling, which separates out
on cooling

Boiling cone KOH+Aq (31% KOH) dis-
solves IS g TloCrO4 per litre (Lepierre and
Laehaud, C R 113 196 )

Thallous cfochromate, TloCr O7

Insol in H2O, etc Has the same proper-
ties as TloCr04

Thallous Jnchromate, Tl2Cr3Oi0

Sol in 2814 pts H2O at 15°, and 438 7 pts
at 100° (Crookes )

Thallic chromate
Ppt

Thorium chromate, basic, Th(OH)oCrO4

Ppt . unstable in solution (Palmer, Am
Ch J 1895, 17 278 )

Thorium chromate, Th(CrO4)2-f-HoO
Ppt Sol in HC1 and NH4Cl+Aq 1 pt is

sol in 284 pts H2O at 22° (Palmer, Am

Ch J 1895, 17 375 and 278 )

+3HoO Ppt (Haber, M 1897. 18 689 )
+8H2O Insol in H2O (Chydenms,

Pogg 119 54)

Tin (stannous) chromate

Ppt Sol in dil acids (Bei zehus )

Tin (stannic) chromate

Ppt (Leykauf, J pi 19 127 )

Uranyl chromate, basic, UO3, 2(UO,)CrO4

+8HO

Ppt (Orloff, Ch Z 1907, 31 375 )
UO3, (UO )Cr04+6H 0 f Orloff )

Uranyl chromate, (UO )CiO4+3H/)

1 pt ib sol m H * pts H/) at 15°, slowly

sol in alcohol to give a solution which ib de-

comp on boiling (Oiloff, Ch / 1007, 31

375)

+ 11H>() \cn sol in H () (Loimimk,

V 257 10S)

Yttrium chromate

Deliquescent ^ isil> sol in HO (Hu
1m)

Zinc chromate, basic, 4ZnO,
rGroKti, / moig 1()11, 70 135)
+5H2O Insol in H2O, sol in hot H2Cr04

+Aq, slowly sol in NH4OH+Aq (Ma

1 iguti and Sar/eau, A ch (3) 9 431 )
3/nO, CM),+2H2O (Groger )
2ZnO, CrO3+H2O (Bnggs, Z anorg

1907, 56 254 )

•fl^HO Ppt In&ol in H2O Sol

m hot H>Cr04+Aq (Prussen and Phil-

hpona, A 149 92 )

-h 2H2O Ppt Not wholly insol m B )
(Prussen and Phillipona )
3ZnO, 2Cr03 +

Zinc chromate, ZnCr04

Insol in H2O, very sol in acids, deco: 3
by boihng with H20 (Schulze, Z an< r
1895, 10 154 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, 4m i
J 1898, 20 830 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B lc L
37 4329)

-f H20 (Grogei, Z anorg 1911, 70 1 )

Zinc ^chromate, ZnCr2O7+3H20

Hygroscopic

Very sol in H20 and si decomp by boil z
(Schulze, Z anorg 1895, 10 153 )

Zinc inchromate, ZnCr3Oi0+3H20

Dehquescent, very sol in H2O (Grd r,
Z anorg 1910, 66 10 )

Zinc chromate ammonia, ZnCr04, NB f
H20

Decomp by H20 (Groger, Z an< g
1908, 58 417 )

ZnCr04, 4NH3+5H20 Decomp by H )
Sol m NH4OH-f-Aq Insol in alcohol d
ether (Malaguti and Sarzeau, A ch (3 5
431 )

-f3H2O Efflorescent Decomp by B )
Easily sol in dil acids and NH4OH-|- 3
(Bieler. A 151 223)

2ZnO, 3CrO,, 10NH, + 10H O P
CMalaguti and Sam an )

Zinc bichromate mercuric cyanide, ZnCr ?,

2Hg(CN) +7H 0

Very sol in H2() St ibk in iqucouis si i-
tion at 100° (Kmss, Z inorg 1895, 3
460)

Perchromic acid
h(e Perchromic acid

Chromicomolybdic acid, Ci ()< 12M )3

+28H20

Slowly sol in H/) fllill, J Am Ch i
So< 1<K)7, 29 70S)

Ammonium chromicomolybdate, 3(NH4} ),

CijOs, 12Mo()aH-20Ll2<)
Sol in H2O (Stiu\( J pi 61 157, H 1,
J Am Chem Soc 1007, 29 f)95 )

(Miickwald, Dissert, 1895

Ammonium barium chromicomolybdat€
(NHOaO, 22Ba(), Ci 08, 12MoC f
20H2O
THall, T 4m Chem Soc 1907, 29 707

CHROMIUM

269

Barium chromicomolybdate, 4BaO, Cr203,

12Mo03+15H2O, 4BaO, Cr203, 12Mo03

+18H20, 5BaO, Cr20s, 12Mo03+

16H20

Ppts (Hall, J Am Chem Soc 1907, 29

705)

Lead chronucomolybdate, 4PbO, CroO3,

12MoO3-f22H2O, and -f 24H20
Ppts (Hall, J Am Chem Soc 1907, 29
706)

Mercurous chromicomolybdate, 8Hg2O,

Cr203, 12Mo03+16H2O
Ppt (Hall, J Am Chem Soc 1907.
29 707)

Potassium chromicomolybdate, K20, Cr2O3,
3Mo03

Sol in HCl+Aq with evolution of Cl
(Bradbury, Z anorg 1894, 7 46 )

3K20, Cr203, 12MoO3+20H20 Sol in
38 51 pts HoO at 17° (Struve, Hall )

+24H20 (Hall )

4K2O, Cr203, 12MoO3-fl5H2O (Hall, J
Am Chem Soc 1907, 29 709 )

7KO, 2Cr2O3, 24MoO3+32H20 (Hall)

Silver chromicomolybdate, 5Ag 0, Cr20s,

12Mo03+17H 0
Ppt f Hall )

Sodium chromicomolybdate, 3Na2O,

Cr203, 12MoO3-f21H2O
Efflorescent Easily sol in H<>0 (Sti uve

Chromic sulphunc acid
See Sulphochromic acid

Chrormcyanhydnc acid,

H3Cr(CN)6(?)
Insol in H2O (Kiisor, A buppl 3 163

Ammonium chromicyarude, (NH4)3Ci(CN)

Easily sol in H2O (Koisoi, \. Suppl 3

163 )

Cupnc chromicyamde, Cu3[Ci(CN)6]2

Ppt Insol in (hi or cone acids, except or
heating Insol m NH4OH, 01 KOH-f-Aq

(Kaiser )

Lead chromicyanide, basic, 3Pb(CN)2,

2Ci(CN)3j Pb(OH)

Ppt Sol in HNO3, INoDH+Aq, 01 P
salts +Aq (Kaiser )

Potassium chromicyamde, K3Cx(CN)e
Veiy sol in H2O

100 pts cold H2O dissolve 30 9 pts salt
Insol in absolute alcohol, but somewha

sol in dil alcohol

Sol in cone H2SC>4 without decomp
Kaiser, A Suppl 3 170 )

*

>ilver chromicyanide, Ag3Cr(CN)6
Insol in all solvents, excepting KCN+Aq

Kaiser )

Sol in large excess of HCl+Aq SI sol
in cold, easily sol in hot cone HNO$ Very

ol m cone H2S04 Insol in hot or cold

cetic acid (Cruser, Dissert 1896 )

Chromisulphocyanhydric acid

H3Cr(SCN)6
Known only in aqueous solution

onmomum, chromisulpho cyanide,

(NH4)3Cr(SCN)6-f-4H26
Easily sol in HaO (Rossler, A 141 185 )

Barium chromisulphocyanide, Bas[Cr(SGN)6]2

-f!6H20
Deliquescent, and sol m H20 (R )

Lead chromisulphocyanide, Pb3[Ci(SCN)6] ,

4PbO2H2+8H20

Insol m H2O, but decomp thereby into —
Pb2[Cr(SCN)6]2, 4Pb02H2-f-5H>O Insol

inH20

Potassium chromisulphocyanide, KcCr(SCN)e

+4H20
Sol m 0 72 pt H2O and 0 91 pt alcohol

Silver chromisulphocyanide, Ag6Cr(SCN)c
Insol in H20 or cone HNO3-j-^.q Insol
mNH4OH+A.q Sol mKCN + ^q

Sodium chromisulphocyanide, Na0Cr(SCN)6

+7H20
Deliquescent, sol in HoC)

Chromium,

Two modification^ — (a) Not itt icked by
H20 Easily sol in cold HCl+Aq SI sol
in dil HSO4+Aq (Dcville ) E wily sol
in a hot mixture of 1 pt H2fo04 and 20 pts
H20 (Regnault, A ch 62 357) Easih
sol in warm cone H2SO4 (Gmelm ) Verv
slowly bol m hot HN03+Aq (Viuquehn)
Insol in dil 01 cone HNOj-fAq (Deville )
Very slowly (Richter), not at all (Berzelms)
sol in hot aqua regia Easily sol mHF+Aq

(j8) Insol m all acids, even iqua regu
(Freniy). probably contains Si

Pun Ci is sol in cone H SO4, HC1 and dil
HNO3, sol m HgClj-f- Aq

Insol in fuming HNO3 and iqua regii
(Moissan, C R 1894 119, 187)

Cr prepared by alumino thermic method
is sol in haloid acids to foim chromic and
chromous salts, even in absence of au
(Dormg, J pr 1902, (2) 66 65, 1906, (2) 73
393)

Aluminothermic Cr is active m contact

270

CHROMIUM AMMONIA COMPOUNDS

with HC1, HBr, HI, HF, H2S04, H2C204,
i e , sol in cold cone or warm dil acids Is
inactive in contact with cone IJ^s,
H2Cr204, HC103, Hri04, H3P04, KOH,
citric, formic, acetic and tartanc acids
Cause attributed to a different electric state
(Eittorff, Z phys Ch 1898, 26 729 )

Chromium ammonia compounds

See—

Bromotetranune chromium compounds,
BrCr(NH3)4X2

Bromopurpureochromium compounds,
BrCr(NH3)5X2

Chlorotetramine chromium compounds,
ClCr(NH3)4X2

Chloropurpureochromium compounds,
ClCr(NH8)5X2
Diamine chromium sulphocyamdes,

Cr(NH8)2(SCN)4M

Erythrochromium compounds,
(HO)Cr2(NH8)10X2

lodopurpureochromium compounds,
ICr(NH8)5X2

lodotetramme chromium compounds,

Luteochromium compounds,
Rhodochromium compounds,
(HO)Cr2(Nfi3)10X5

Rhodosc chromium compounds,

Roseochromium compounds,

Cr(NH8)6(OHo)X4

Xanthochromium compounds,
(F02)Cr(NH3)5X2

Chromium arsenide, CrAb

Insol m mineral acids (Dieckmann, Z
anorg 1914, 86 294 )

Cr2As<} Insol in miner il acidb ''Dieck-
mann )

Chromium azoimide, CrN8
Pptd by addition of alcohol and ether
Insol in H20 (Curtius, J pi 1900, (2)

61 410)

Chromium bonde, CrB

Insol m HC1, dil H2S04, HP, HI +HNO3

SI sol in HN03 and in aqua regia (Wede-
kind, B 1907, 40 299 )

Sol in cold dil or cone HC1, HJb, and
H2SO4 (Jassonneix, C R 1906, 143 1151 )

Cr8B2 Sol in cone 01 dil HF, HC1,
H2SO4, insol m HN03 or alkalis -h Aq (Jas
sonneix )

Chromous bromide,

Sol in H20 Not deliquescent m dry air
<Moissan, C R 92 1051 )

Chromic bromide, CrBr3

Anhydrous Insol in H20, but diss ves
at once m presence of the least trace of C 3r2
(Bauck, A 111 382 )

+6H20 Deliquescent Very sol m 20
H20 dissolves more than 2 pts crysts at
ord temp Very sol in alcohol Ins in
ether (Recoura, C R 110 1029 )

Blue modification Insol in ale 10!
(Recoura, C R 110 1193 )

Very hygroscopic Easily sol in all hoi
and acetone Insol in ether CWerne A
1902,322 343)

-f 8H20 Sol in H20 (Varenne, C H 93
727)

Chromium molybdenyl bromide,
CrMo304Br4

Apparently wholly insol in dil a is
Sol in hot cone HCl+Aq with decc ip
Insol in MoCr04+Aq (Atterberg)

+2H20 Apparently wholly insol in
dil acids

Sol in hot cone HCl-f-Aq with decc ip

Insol in M2Cr04+Aq (Atterberg )

Chromic rubidium bromide. CrBra, 2K Br

+H20

Sol in H20 with decomp (Werner A
1902, 322 345 )

Chromic bromide ammonia
See Bromotetranune chromium bromid

Chromous bromide hydrazine,

CrBr , 2N2H4

Insol in H/) bol in a,cidt> Insol in
alcohol, (ther ind similar solvonts flrai e,
B 1913, 46 1507)

Chromium carbide, Cr4C

(Moissin C R 1S94, 119 IS7 )
CiiC2 Does not doc omp HO it onim >
temp 01 it 1(M)°, insol m «m< 1 1C 1, III )^
and iqu i K LI i sol in dil KC1 (slowly), in )I
in fu «1 I\()II sol mfuyd KNOj ^Mois n,
Bull So( 1V)1 (i) 117 !()!() )

Chromium iron carbide, iTojC 2CriC

Decomp by H/), sol in & is( ous >^-
dra,cids, insol in UNO, ind uqu ir( K1 ^ (^ 1"
hams, C \i 1S<)8, 127 4S4 )

Chromium tungsten carbide, CW , *Cr '

Not ittac Led by luds

Slowly ittackod by fused KOH or nl Ji
carbonates R ipidly decomp by fu d
alkali mtiittb or KCIO3 (Moissan, C I
1903, 137 294 )

Chromous chloride, CrCl2

Deliquescent Very sol in H20 with ev< i-
tion of much heat (Moberg, J pr 29 1 )

CHROMIC CHLORIDE

271

Practically msol m ether Moderately
sol in absolute alcohol, methyl alcohol, and
acetaldehyde (Rohland, Z anorg 1899, 21

O«7 J

±o$n°° ^MoissanJ A ch (5) 26 40 )
+2HaO Kmght and Rlch, Chem Soc
1911, 99 89 )

+3H2O (Knight and Rich )

Chromous hydrogen chloride, 3CrCl2, 2HC1+

Decomp by H20 (Recoura, C R 100

Chromic chloride, CrCls

Anhydrous — Peach-blossom-colored modi-
fication Insol m pure H20 (Pehgot), but
by long continued boiling of the finely divided
salt with H20, traces are dissolved with
decomp Not decomp by boiling cone
HaSOt, or other acids, even aqua regia

Easily sol with evolution of heat in H20
containing only i/40,ooo pt CrCl2 (Pehgot, J
pr 36 150) Also sol in presence of traces of
BnCl2 (5 mg SnCl2 cause 1 g CrCl8 to dis-
solve), FeCl2, Cu2Cl2, Na2S203, and other
reducing substances, chlorides without re-
ducing properties have no effect (Pelouze, A
ch (3) 14 251) TiCl3 and S02 have similar
solvent action (Ebelmen, A ch (3)20 390),
ilso Zn+dil acids (Moberg )

Insol in dil alkalies -f-Aq, very slowlv
decomp by boiling cone alkalies or alkali
carbonates+Aq (Fellenberg, Pogg 50 76 )

Difficulty sol in methyl acetate (Nau-
rnann, B 1909, 42 3790 )

Insol m CS (Arctowski, Z anorg 1894,
6 257 )

Insol m icctone (Eidmann, C C 1899
II, 1014 )

Practically m&ol in absolute ethyl alcohol,
methyl alcohol, uctaldehydc and ether
(Rohland, Z anojg 1899,21 39)

Yellow SI sol in benzoin tnle (Nau-
mann, B 1914, 47 1369 )

Violet modification Voiy sol m H 0 to
form a green bolution (Moberg, J pr 44

The violet mod is almost msol m H20
but if * AM, ooo pt fhromous chloride is present,
it is readily sol (Rohland, Z anoig 1899,21
*9)

+4H/) hi ele liquc bccnt Very sol in
H/), alcohol md c thyl acetate (Godeffroy,
Bull Soc (2) 43 229 )

-h6H2O Deliquescent Sol in H2O, but
probably de comp to CrOCl2

Prictically msol in ether Moderately
sol in absolute ethyl dc ohol, methyl alcohol
and acetaldchydc (Rohland, Z anorg
1899, 21 39 )

"Monochlorochromic chloride" is sol m
(ther and fuming HC1(1 1) (Bjerrum, B
1906,39 1599)

Tune

Total Solu
bihtjr in %

Composition of the
sat solution

% violet salt

% green salt

J4 hr

58 36

830

91 70

J§ hr

12 57

87 43

4hrs

63 27

2480

75 20

Iday

68 50

37 64

62 36

2 days

40 90

59 10

3 "

68 95

42 78

57 22

11 "

42 84

57 16

13 "

42 39

57 61

19 "

68 58

42 62

57 38

Green modification

Solubility in H20 at 25°
25 g green CrCl3+6H20 and 10 g H,0

(Olie, Z anorg 1906, 51 55 )

Solubility of green CrCl3+6H20 in H 0 at
32°

10 g CrCl8+6H20 and 4 g H20

Time

Total
solubility
in %

Composition of the
dissolved substance

Solid
phase

% violet
salt

% green
salt

r

45'
2h57
48h
*lldys

63 69
66 24
69 53
69 33
70 81

12 87
21 43
34 53
45 27
45 27

87 13
78 57
65 47
54 73
54 73

Almost
all
dis-
solved

* First 8 days at 35°

(Olie, Z anorg 1907, 53 276 )

Solubility of green CrCl3+bH 0 in H 0 at
3o°

10 g CrCl3+6H20 and 3 3 g H20

Composition of the

Time

Total soluhil
itj m 7C

dissolved substance

% violet salt

% gieen salt

8'

65 85

16 47

83 53

38'

66 74

25 02

74 98

lh

66 21

25 45

74 55

2h10'

68 90

31 47

68 53

4h

70 79

36 28

63 72

23h

71 34

42 95

57 05

72h

70 79

42 88

57 12

(Ohe, I c )

If a solution saturated with the green hexa-
hydrate below 32° is cooled, the decahydrate
separates out, if the solution is saturated
above 32°, both the decahvdrate and hexa-
hydrate separate out on cooling (Olie, I c )

272

CHROMIC GLUCINUM CHLORIDE

Violet modification

Solubility in H 0 at 25°

25 g violet CrCls+bHaO and 10 com of
35% solution of green CrCl3+6H20

Time

Total Solu
bilitv m %

Composition of the
sat solution

Time

Total
solubil y
in %

Composition of
the dissolved
substance

Solid phas(

% violet salt

% green sal

% -violet
salt

% green
salt

IVchr
5 "
29 "
2dys
4 «
5 "
5 dj s, 6 hrs
6dys
8 "
10 "
12 "

65 49

70 47
76 38

73 26
71 14

84 05
S4 47
78 16
73 19
68 71
60 66
60 36
65 10
65 80
58 08
41 40

15 95
15 53
21 84
26 81
31 29
39 34
39 64
34 90
34 20
41 92
58 60

7'
20'
lh 55'
4h 30'
24h
28h
29h
48h
72U

61 35
62 46
65 04
67 41
69 44

67 59
69 42
68 69

8 71
9 90
?5 05
32 90
42 93
31 78
33 65
42 17
43 80

91 29
90 10
74 95
67 10
57 07
68 22
66 36
57 S3
56 20

CrCl3+10t O

u
It

CrCl3+6H >
all dissolve
OrCU+101 O
CrCl8+6H >
it

a

(Olie, Z anoig 1906, 51 57 )

Solubility in H O at 25°
25 g violet CrCls+6H2O and 10 g H20

Composition of tho

Time

Total Solu

sat solution

bility m %

% T, iolet salt

% green salt

Vohr

61 99

98 47

1 53

41/* hrs

96 70

3 30

Idy

63 88

91 54

S 46

2 '

83 37

16 63

4 '

70 68

60 11

30 89

5 '

62 20

37 80

7 <

72 11

02 72

37 28

8 '

54 63

45 37

12 <

46 39

53 61

13 '

47 66

52 34

26 '

70 b2

4S 55

51 45

(Oho, / c )

Gieen modification 100 pis
H20 dissolve 130 pts salt at 15° Sol in il-
cohol (Recoura, C R 102 518 )

Grayish-blue modification Very sol in
H20 (Recouia, C R 102 548)

-f-10H2O Very deliquescent, molts in
crystal H2O at 6-7° Veiysol m H2O, alcohol,
and ethyl acetate (Godoffroy )

Easily sol in H20, can be recryst from
H20 Sol in alcohol ind other (Werner. B
1906, 39 1827 )

Green modification

Solubility of green CrCl3+10H O in H20 tt

29°
14 2 g CrCl3+10H20 and 2 5 g H20

(Olie, Z anorg 1QQ7, 53 275 )

The composition of the hydrates form i

byCrC!3 at different dilutions is calculat 1

from deteimmations of the lowering of t c

fr pt produced by CrClg and of the cc -

ductivity and sp gr of CrCl{-f-\q (Jon ,,
Am Ch T 1905, 34 310 )

Chromic glucmum chloride, CiCl3, Gl( 2
+H20

Sol m HO with docomp (Ndimann,
244 329 )

Chromic lithium chloride. CiCI,. 2LiCl -

Veiy hygrobtopic

Sol m ice watoi but bolution soon decoir

Easily sol m ilcohol (V\uwi. 13 19( ,
34 1603)

[Ci(OH2)CU]Ii -HH2()

Very hygios(opic Sol in i« cold H >
ind in ilcohol (\\uriu, 13 ]<)()!, 34 160 ^

Chromic magnesium chloride, C iC 1-,, Mg( ^
-j-H ()

D«omp by 1I2O (Ncuin inn )

Chromic phosphoric chloride, ( rUi, PC
Decoinp b\ HO (Cionuuld i

Chromium platinum chloride
See chloroplatmate, chromium

Jhromic potassium chloride, Ci( 18, K<

Decomp by H2O

CrCl3, 2KC1+H20 (Neumann, A 24
329)

CrCl3, 3KC1 Easily sol m H O with c -
somp (Fremy, \ ch (3) 12 301 )

CHROMIC HYDROXIDE

273

Chromic rubidium chloride, CrCl3; 2RbCl+

Decomp by H20 (Neumann, A 244
329)

Slowly sol in cold, rapidly sol in hot H20
with decomp (Werner, B 1901, 34 1603 )

CrCla, 3RbCl+8H20 Unstable Decomp
by alcohol (Werner, B 1906, 39 1830 )

Chromic sodium chloride, CrCl3, NaCl
Sol mH20 (Beizehus)
CrCls, 3NaCl Sol in H20 (Berzelms)

Chromic thallium chloride, CrCl3, 3T1C1

Sol with decomp m H20 (Neumann, A
244 329 )

Chromic chloride ammonia
See Cblorotetramine chromium chloride

Chromous chloride hydrazine, CrCl2,
2N2H4

Insol in H2O Sol m acids Insol in
alcohol, ether and similar solvents (Traube,
B 1913,46 1506

Chromic chloride feme oxide

FeaOa is easily sol m dil , difficultly sol
in cone CrCl3+Aq (Be* champ A, ch (3)
57 311 )

Chromous fluonde, CrF2
SI sol m H O, hot H2S04 or dil HN03
Sol in boiling HC1 Insol in alcohol

(Poulonc, C R 1893, 116 254 )

Chromic fluoride, CiF3

Pafoctly sol in H2O (Berzelms )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 827 )

Inbol in m( thyl o,eeUto (Naumanu, B
1909, 42 $790), (thyl icetite (Naumann
B 1910,43 314)

+ JHjO Insol in IfaO (Werner an
Cobtwhcscu, H 1<)08, 41 4243)

+ ^/2lF/) Sol mHO (Poulenc, C R
1X93, 116 ,255 )

+blf () hi sol in II O (Wcrnei an<
Costuhisui, B l<>08, 41 4242)

+911 O Vwltt inodijuation Vciy si so.
iuH2O Insol in il< ohol Sol m HC1, an
IvOH+Yq (I'ibiis, Gu? ch it 20 582)

Chromium h eta fluoride, Cil<c

Dtoomp by II 0 with evolution of hea
(Berzelms )

Correct composition is CrO^ (Oliver
(h it 16 ,218)

hromic cupnc fluonde, CrCuF6+5H20
Can be cryst from HF+Aq (Higley, J
Am Chem Soc 1904,26 630)

hromic nickel fluonde, CrF3, NiF +7H«O

Somewhat more sol in H20 than CrF3,

)oF2+7H20 (Petersen, J pr (2) 40 61 )

Chromic potassium fluonde, GrF8, 3KF
Nearly msol in H*0 (Chnstensen, J

r (2) 36 161 )
CrF3, 2KF+H20 Nearly msol in H2O

ol in cone HCl+Aq (Chnstensen )

Chromic sodium fluonde, CrF3, 2NaF+H2O
(Wagner, B 19 896 )

Chromic thallous fluonde, 2CrF3, 3T1F

Sol in hot H20, less sol in cold SI sol
n HF (Ephraim, Z anorg 1909, 61 242 )

Chromic zinc fluonde, CrF3, ZnF2+7H20
Can be cryst from HF+Aq (Higley, J

Am Chem Soc 1904, 26 630 )

Colloidal solution is perfectly clear
Biltz, B 1902, 35 4433 )

Chromous hydronde, Cr02Ho

Decomp by H20, especially if hot (Pe-
igofc, A ch (3) 12 539 )

Slowly sol in cold cone acids, even aqua,
regia, almost msol in dil acids (Moberg, J
pr 43 119 )

Chromic hydroxide, Cr208, zH20, piobably

Chromic cobaltous fluoride, CrJs, CoF2-
(Pettrsen, J pr (2

Easily sol in H20
40 60)

Insol in H20 Easily sol in acids Easily
sol in cold KOH, or NaOH+Aq, much less
sol in cold NH4OH+Aq, the presence of
NH4C1 has no influence upon solubility
in NH4OH+Aq (Fresemus ) Insol in
NH4OH+Aq if it has been thoroughly

«-rrvr .

Insol inKCN+Aq, but si sol in KCN +
HCN+Aq (Rodgers, 1834 )

Gradually sol in dil FeCl,+Aq,aftei three
months, 2 mols Cr206H6 are dissolved by 1
mol FeCl3 without pptn of Fe 06HG (Be-
champ,A ch (3)57 296)

\lsl sol m CrCl3+ \q, in foui months, IY2
mols Ci O6H6 are dissolved b\ 1 mol OC13
(B^champ ) , .

Sol in Cr(NO3)3+^q, and clear solution
formed as long as 3 mols HNOs are present
for 8 mols O2O3 (Ordwa^ , Sill Am J (2)
27 197) , n .

Chromic hydi oxide, pptd by alkalies is
easily sol in excess of the reagent, after being
dried in a vacuum, howevei, it is msol m
alkalies (Herz, Z anorg 1901, 28 344 )

Freshly pptd it is sol in aq alkali, but it
is readilv changed into a modification which is
msol (Herz, Z anorg 1902,31 352)

The solubility of chromic hydroxide in an

274

CHROMOCHROMIG HYDROXIDE

aqueous solution of red chromic chloride is
not directly pioportional to the concentration
of the latter — a basic chloride is probably
formed (Fischei, Z anorg 1904, 40 43 )

Not pptd in presence of Na citrate (Spil-
ler)

Insol in amylamine+Aq, not pptd m
presence of alkali tartrates, sugar, etc
Cr206H6+4H2O Difficultly sol m acids
Cr2O6H6+H20 Extremely hygroscopic
Exists in a soluble modification, obtained
by dialysis, solution can be diluted with pure
H20, but gelatinizes with traces of salts
(Graham, Roy Soc Trans 1861 183 )
Cr202(OH) Insol m boiling dil HCl-f

(Guignet's green) Scarcely
(Salvetat, C R

T20(OH)4

sol in boiling HClH-Aq
48 295)
Guignet gave formula as 2Cr203+3H20

Chromoclironuc hydroxide, Cr3O4, H20(?)

Shghtly attacked bv acids (Peligot, A
ch (3) 12 539 )

hromous iodide, CrI

Easily sol m H20 (Moissan.
25 401 )

ch (5)

Chromic iodide, CrI3(?)

Insol m cold, sol in hot H2O, but no sepa-
ration occurs on cooling (Berlin )

+9H O Hygroscopic Sol m alcohol and
acetone Insol in CHC1.J CHi^lev. J \m
Chem Soc 1904, 26 628 )

Chromous iodide hydrazine, CrI 2N Ht
OYaubc, B 1Q13, 46 H07 )

Chromium nitride, CrN

Insol in dil acids ind ilk ih< s, cone
1INO3, HCI 01 HP +Aq, even on heating
Slowly sol m hot iqui Kgia 01 cold H SO4
Sol m cold solutions of ilkih hypochlontcs
(Ufei, A 112 281 )

Insol m HCI, IINOj uul iqu i ic^u
(bcr6c, Bull So< 1001 (i)25 blS )

Unacted upon by icids at oiclm uy t( mpct-
iturcs (Smith, Chcm Soc 1897,72 (2)33)

CrdN2 Slowly attic k(d b> com HNO,
ind by HNO. + HCl Ml othti ic igdits IK
without action (Huultison ind Oxlhtly J
Soc Chem Ind ] 90S, 27 JS7 )

CrNj Sc c Chromium azoimide

Chromous oxide, CiO

Insol in UNO, and dil H2SO4-fAq
Sol m HCI (1'cicc, Bull Soc 1901, (3)
25 619 )

Chromic oxide, Cr203

When ignited is nearly insol in acids, ut
dissolves in H2SO4 by long boiling Ii ol
in liquid HCI (Gore )

Insol in acetone (Fidmann. C C 1 19
II, 1014)

Solubility in (calcium sucrate-(-suga -f-
Aq

1 1 solution containing 418 6 g sugar ad
34 3 g CaO dissolves 1 07 g Cr203, 1 1 t >u-
tion containing 296 5 g sugar and 24 2 g iO
dissolves 0 56 g Cr203, 1 1 solution coni m-
mg 174 4 g sugar and 14 1 g CaO dissc ea
0 20 g Cr2O3 (Bodenbender. J B 3 >5
600)

See also Chromic hydroxide

+H20 The compound to which Bu en
gave the formula Cr5OB Insol m acids, ut
easily attacked by HN03 (F&xSe, Bull )c
1901, (3) 26 620 )

Chromochromic oxide, CraC^CrO, Cr2 B
Known only in form of hydroxide, w ch

see

+3H20 Stable in dry air Decomi in

moist air (Bauge, C R 1898, 127 552 )
Cr405, or Cr606 (?) Insol in acids c in

aqua regia (Bunsen, Pogg 91 622 )
Not obtainable (Geuther, A 118 66 )
Formula is Cr O3+H;O (Force )

Chromium Jrzoxide, CrO3

Deliquescent, and very sol in H 0 to
form solution of HjCrO*

Solubility in H O it t

0° 15° 50°

b20S 62^8 645

39

(Myluib ind lunk, Gin K 3 1 1332

Sit CrO{-f- Yq umtuus it

0° 20° b()°

hi r>4 b2 r>2 i)^ 12^ ( lO*

(Koppol md Blumcntlul / inoip l{)07 )3

22S1)

lh( systt in CiOj— HO his been stu cd

it t(mp fioin ()°tc)— 74° In the hmi oi

conrcntr it ion invest igU~cnl from 0 — 71 %

CrO3, no hydiato of CrO{ ciyst from he
aq solution (Krcmmn, M 1911,32 b2

Sat CrOj+Aq contains it

82°

100°
b74

115°

b8 4% CiO3

(Kromann, M 1911, 32 620 )

CHROMIUM OXIDE POTASSIUM CYANIDE

275

Solubility in H2O at0

t°

% by wt CrOa

Solid

phase

-09°

3 6

I(

je

-1 9

7 8

— 3 7

11 5

— 4 8

14 1

-10 95

24 9

-11 7

25 2

-18 75

33 5

-25 25

39 2

-43 5

49 1

-60

53 3

-20

61 7

Cr

03

0

62 24

+24 8

62 88

40

63 50

65

64 83

90

68 5

122

70 7

193-196

100

t

Buchner and Prms, Z phys Ch 1912, 81
114)

.Sp gi of CrO34-Aq at t°

tp

^P gr

% CrCh

16 0

I 0506

8 25

18 0

1 0579

8 79

14 5

1 0694

8 79

19 5

1 0957

12 34

19 0

I 1569

19 33

20 9

I 20269

31 83

20 1

1 20264

31 83

12 0

1 20714

U 83

35 0

1 20040

32 59

18 6

1 21014

32 50

15 ?

I 2210()

32 50

9 7

I 22 *S4

32 50

22 0

1 H41

37 77

19 2

1 >4-!S

37 82

22 0

1 mil)

37 82

1 702S

W 23

143 474 )

sp gr of (iO,-f \q (ILCiOj + AqJ M =
accoidmg to Me nd< 1< jdf at 15°, / = u
cording to Attnow, < ilc ul it«l by (roi
hch(/ mil 27 300)

CrOt

M

/

C r()i

M

/

5

1 035

1 037

35

1 324

1 312

10

1 075

1 075

10

1 383

1 373

15

1 110

1 US

45

1 445

I 440

20

1 155

1 152

50

1 510

1 512

25

1 215

1 20S

55

1 570

1 587

30

1 258

1 258

60

1 656

B -pt of CrOs+Aq at ord pressure

B pt

102°

104

107

110 5

116

120

127

G CrOa in 100 g of the solution

10 81

24 08
36 47
45 15
54 56
61 54
71 24 sat

solution

(Koppel and Blumenthal. Z anorg 1907, 63
254)

Sol m H2S04, the solubility is least when
the acid contains 66% H SO4 (Schrotter),
845%H2S04 (BoUey)

Very sol in HoSO4 of 1 85 sp gr SI sol
in cold KHSO4-f Aq (Fntzsche )

The statement that CrO3 is insol in acids
is incorrect 2 85 g (ignited) are sol in HNO?
to the extent of 2 58 g 0 SI g (ignited") are
sol in HNO3 to the extent of 0 77 g (Jovit-
schitsch, M 1909,30 48)

Practically msol m POC13 (Walden, Z
anorg 1910, 68 312 )

SI sol in liquid NH3 ( Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 827 )

Sol in alcohol with decomp

Sol in anhydrous ether

Sol in acetic anhydride (Fry, J Am
Chem Soc 1911, 33 ™n N

Sol in acetone (Nf

Sol in benzomtnle , ~ *„**,

47, 1369)

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

Difficultly sol in ethyl acetate (Nau-
minn, B 1910, 43 314)

Chromium oxide, Cr6O9 = 2Gi O3 CrO,j
01,0, = 3Ci/){, 2CiO{
CrO -CiA,, CrOj
CifO12 = Ci O,, 3CrOt
Ci«<)i,=Cr20,, 4Ci03
h<i Chromate, chromium

Chromium pa oxide, Ci OvC)

Moie bol in ethci thin in HO 1'thd
solution is some whit IIIOH st ibl( thin iqiu-
ous solution (Abdioff, J pi 81 401 )

I 01 mull is Ci() HO (Moissin C H
97 % )

Chromium pa oxide ammonia, CK>i,

Sol in II () with puti il d( ( onip

SI sol m NH.OH + \q

Sol with (Itconi]) in l(V/( i<(ti( u id
(Ilofmum, tt 1005 38 3050)

Chromium ^roxide potassium cyanide,

Ci04, 3KCN

Sol m H O Insol in othei ordm iry
solvents (Wieclo, B 1899, 32, 381 )

276

CHROMIC OXYCHLORIDE

Chromic oxychlonde

From Cr203 Sol in H20 as long as 1 mol
CrCl3 is present for 2 1A mols CrAHe (Ord-
way, Sill Am J (2) 27 197 )

Cr203, 2CrCl3 Sol in H20 (Kletzinsky,
Zeit Ch 1866 277)

Cr20s, CrCl3=CrOCl Anhydrous Only
partly sol in E^O

+3H O Very deliquescent, and sol in
H20 (Pehgot )

Cr203, 4CrCl3+6H20 = Cr,OCl4+2H20
(Pehgot, J pr 37 38 )

+9HoO = Cr2OCl4+3H20 Sol in H20
(Moberg), =Cr2(OH)2Cl4+2H20 (Sohiff,
4 124 157)

Cr203> 7CrCls = Cr3OCl7 Very sol in H20
with decomp (Besson and Fourmer, C R
1909,148 1194)

CroO3, 8CrCls+24H20 Sol in H20 (Mo-
berg) , =Cr2(OH)Cl6+4H 0 (Schiff, I c )

(CrOo)3Cl2 (Pascal, C
1464 )

Cr609Cl4 Insert in H20
1909, 148 1464 )

From CrO8

See Chromyl chloride

R

1909, 148
(Pascal, C R

Chromic oxychlonde potassium chloride.
CrOCl3, 2KC1

Decomp m the air

Sol in cone HC1 without decomp (Wean-
land, B 1906, 39 4043 )

Chromic oxychlonde rubidium chloride,
CrOCl3, 2RbCl

Decomp in the air

Sol in cone HC1 without decomp (Wein-
land, B 1906, 39 4045 )

Chromium oxyfluonde, Cr02F2
See Chromyl fluonde

Chromium phosphide, CrP

Insol in acids, but a tiace dissolves in
aqua legia Insol m HF-f-Aq (Berzehus )

Not attacked by acids or by aqua regia
(Grangei, C N 1898, 77 228 )

Insol ID all acids except a mixture of HN03
and HF (Maronneau, C R 1900, 130
658)

Insol m mineral acids (Dieckmann, Z
anorg 1914, 86 295 )

Insol in aqua regia (Granger. C R
1897, 124, 191)

CrP3 Insol m mineral acids (Dieck-
mann Z anorg 1914, 86 295 )

Chromous selerude, CrSe
(Moissan, C R 90 817 )

Chromic selemde, Cr2Se3
Insol in H O (Moissan, C R 90 817 )

Chromic potassium selemde,

Insol m HC1 Easily sol m cone HN
(Milbauer, Z anorg 1904, 42 451 )

Chromium silicide, Cr2Si

Sol in fused KNO3, msol m cold HC1
aqua regia

Insol in HF+Aq (Moissan, C R IS
121 625)

CrSi2 Sol in HF Insol m HC1 i
aqua regia (Chalmot, Am Ch J 1897,
69)

Cr3Si2 In*ol in dil HC1, sol m wa
cone HC1 and m HF. msol in HN08 *
H2S04 (Lebeau, C R 1903, 136 1330 )

Cr3Si Sol in HF, insol m other aci
sol in fused KOH and fused alkali mtra
and carbonates (Zettel, C R 1898, 1
834)

Chromous sulphide, CrS

Insol in H2O or K2S+Aq (Pehgot )

Easily sol in acids (Moissan, C R
817)

Sol in cold cone acids

Sol in molten alkalies CM out lot, C
1895, 121 944 ^

Mm Daubrehte

Chromic sulphide, Cr2Sj

Insol in H2O or alkali sulphides -f- Aq
attacked by HCl+Aq (W Mulier, Po
127 404)

HNOa+Aq decomposes 01 not iccordj
to method of picpaiition I< isil\ decorr
by aqua regii

Insol in caustic alkalies + V(j

Insol in K S+Aq (Bci/olms )

Chromochromic sulphide, Cr {

CrS,

Insol in HO, FIG], 01 dil II SO4+ 1
Easily sol in 1IN(),+ \q (Gi ORC i, W A
81 (2) 531 )

Chromic zinc sulphide, Ci /nS,
(Grogu W A 1^ 1SSO, 81 )U )

Chromicyanhydnc acid

Cadmium chromicyamde, ( d,|( i^( N)< |

Readily sol m in (\uss of KC1N and
NH4OH+Aq D((omp b> cone IK
HNOi 01 H2S()4 Slowly <l<(omp by (o
rapidly by hot dil HC1, UNO,, or JT,S(
Quickly dissolve d by aqu i K £i i Decon
by boiling with N i2Oj, by Ni()l£+Aq a
byN^COa+Aq Slowly d( ( ornp by boih
acetic acid (Cruser ind Miller, J A
Chem Soc 1906, 28 11 3b )

Cobaltous chromicyamde, Co3[Ci(CN)6]

Sol m cold, readily sol in hot cone H
or H2S04 SI sol even m boiling cor

1

CHROMOSULPHURIC ACID

277

HN03 Slowly sol m cold dil H2S04, HC1
01 HNQ3 Readily sol m boiling dil HC1 or
H SO4 Decomp but not entirely dissolved
by aqua regia Readily sol in an excess of
SC£L DAecomP by NH4OH, NaOH or
Na2CO8-j-\q Decomp by boiling with
Na202 Insol m cold or boiling acetic acid
(Cruser and Miller )

Cuprous chronucyanide, Cu3Cr(CN)6

Sol in KCN, cold cone or boiling dil
HNOa+Aq Slowly sol in cold cone H2S04,
still more slowly sol in dil H2S04 but rapidly
sol in hot dii and cone H2S04 Readilv
decomp by aqua regia Decomp by dil
or cone HC1, slowly going into solution in
the cold, but quickly on boiling (Cruser
and Miller )

Cupnc cliromicyanide, Cu3[Cr(CN)6]2

Slowly sol m cold dil HCl,HN03orH2S04
on boiling the first two readily dissolve it,
but the H SO4 dissolves it only slowly Sol
in aqua, legia or cold cone H2S04 Readily
sol in cold or hot cone HC1 Decomp by
cold, dissolved by boiling HN03 Decomp
by boiling N^Osj+Aq Decomp byNH4OH,
NaOH or Na2CO3+Aq Readily sol in

in excess of KCN+Aq lasol m cold acetic

uid fCrusoi and Miller )

Nickel chronucyanide, Ni3[Ci(CN)G]2

Slowly sol m cold, readily sol in hot dil
HCl, HNO, 01 H/>04 Slowly sol m cold,
Kdxhlv sol in hot cone H2S04, HCl or
lINOs Slowly decomp by cold, lapidly
by boiling iqua icgia Readily sol in excess
of KCN Sol mNH4OH+A.q Decomp by
\ iOH, I\ i ( 0,+Aq 01 No,20; + \q Insol
in (old si snl in boiling latie icid (Cruser
incl Milloi ")

Potassium thallous chronucyanide,

K2IlCi(CN),
< I' isc her iml B< n/i in, Oh / 1902,26 50)

Thallous chromicyamde, 1 IjCi (CN)f

1 wily sol in I[() (I<ischu ind Bonzian,
Oh Z 1()(U, 26 r>(n

Zinc chromicyamde, /n»|( i(CN)r]

Insol in HO Sol in (xtcbs of NH4OH,
Ni iOH iml KON+Aq Decomp by Na CO;
-fVq Sol in <old dil HCl Slowly sol
in dil II S()1 ind in (hi HNO^ By boiling
\sith dil Kids i < l( u solution is quickly
obtunul (Cruse i, Dissert 1906)

Chromisulphocyanhydnc acid

Caesium chromisulphocyamde,

CsaCr(SCN)e+2H80

Less bol in H20 than K salt (Osann,
Dissert 1907)

Lithium chromisulphocyamde,

LisCr(SCN)64-HoO
Extremely deliquescent (Osann )

Rubidium chromisulphocyamde,

Rb3Cr(SCN)6+4H20

Appreciably less sol in H2O and alcohol
than the K salt (Osann )

Chromocyandnc acid, H4Cr(CN)6

Decomp rapidly on air Sol in H2O
(Moissan, A ch (6) 4 144 )

Potassium chromocyamde, K4Cr(CN)6

Very sol in H2O, 100 pts H20 dissolve
32 33 pts at 20° Much more sol in hot
H20 Insol in alcohol, ether, benzene, or
chloroform (Moissan, A ch (6) 4 136 )
Above salt was KsCr(CN)6 (Christensen )
+3H20 (Chnstensen, J pr (2) 31 166 )

Chromoiodic acid, Cr03, HIO3+2H2O
Dehquescent (Berg, C R 104 1514 )

Ammonium chromoiodate, CrOs, NH4IOsH-

HoO
Moderately sol in H O (Berg )

Lithium chromoiodate, Ci03, LiIO3+HoO
Very sol in H20 (Berg )

Magnesium chromoiodate
Sol m H 0 (Berg )

Potassium chromoiodate, Cr03, KI03

Sol mHO (Berg)

+H20=KCrIH2O7 SI decomp bj H20
(Blomstrand, J pr (2) 40 331 )

Silver chromoiodate, Ci03, AgI03

bl attacked by cold, lapidlv decomp by
hot HO (Berg,C R 111 42)

Sodium chromoiodate, Cr03, NaI03+H O
Very sol in H2O (Berg )

Chromosulphocyanhydnc acid

Sodium chromosulphocyanide,

NaaCi(SCN) +10, 01 11H 0

(koppcl, / moig

Unstable

Decomp by H 0
1905, 45 360 )

Chromo sulphuric acid, H->Cr (sO4)4
Sol in H20 in all propoi tions, but solution

is easily decomp on standing 01 boiling

(Recoura, Bull Soc (3) 9 586 )
H4Cr2(S04)6 As above
H6Cr2(S04)c -Vs above

27S

CHROMOSULPHATE, AMMONIUM

Ammonium chromosulphate,

(NH4)2Cr2(S04)4+5H20
Sol in H2O after a few minutes (Recoura )

Chromium potassium chromosulphate

and [Cr2(S04)3(Cr04)3]KG
Sol m H2O (Recoura, Bull Soc 1897, (3)
17 934)

Potassium chromosulphate, K2Cr2(SO4)4+

4H20

Sol in H20 in a few minutes (Recoura,
Bull Soc (3) 9 590 )

Sodium chromosulphate, Na2Cr2(S04)4+

10H20
As K salt (Recoura )

Chromotellunc acid

Ammonium chromotellurate,
2(NH4)20, 4Cr08, Te03
Sol mH20 (Berg, C R 1911, 152 1588 )

Potassium chromotellurate,

2K20, 4Cr03, TeO

SI sol in cold H20 without decomp
Sol m boiling H20 (Berg, Bull Soc

1911, (4) 9 583 )

Chromous acid, H2Cr2O4 = Cr203, H20

Chromic hydroxide shows slightly acid pi op-
erties, and salts corresponding to the above
acid are known

Aluminum ferrous magnesium chromite
(chrome iron ore), (Fe, Mg)0,
(Cr , A12)03
Insol in H20 01 acids, even i mixtuK of

HoS04 and Hfr (Ebelrnen )

Barium chromite, BaCi Ch

Inbol in HO (Gtibcr Bull Sex (2)27
436)

Barium tetra chromite, JiaO 4Ci Oa

Undocoinp by steam at ml lu it insol
in HC1, H fcs04, HN08, sol in fiibod KOH +
KNOj doconip m th( ur (Dufiu C R
18(K), 122 1121 )

Cadmium chrcmite, CdC i ( )4

Not ifcUfkalby uidfc (Viud C1 H 109
142)

Calcium chromite, C aCi O4

Insol in HO (Gciber, Bull Soc (2) 27
436 )

Insol m HC1, HP HNO3, H2S()4, sol in
gaseous HC1 md HI at red heat, sol in
fused KOH, KNO,, KC10,, K2C03 (Dufau,
C R 1895, 121 690 )

2CaO, Cr203 Insol m H O KOH, <
NH4OH+Aq, slowly decomp by H2CO
or M2C03+Aq, insol in sugar solutioi
(Pelouze, A ch (3) 33 9 )

4CaO, Cr2O3 Attacked M H 0 (Moi
san, C R, 1894, 119 188 )

Cobaltous chromite, CoCr20

(Elliot, Dissert, Gottmgen, 1862 )

Cuprous chromite, Gu20, <yr->O3

Insol inHN03+Aq(sp gr 14) (Wohle
Z phys Ch 1908, 62 445 ^

Cupnc chromite basic, 5CuO, 4Cr20
(Wohler, Z phys Ch 1908, 62 445 )

Cupnc chromite, CuCr204

Not attacked by HN03-f Aq (Persoz, ^
ch (3) 25 283 )

Not attacked by cone HC1

Insol in dil acids (Wohler, Z phy
Ch 1908, 62 446 )

CuO, 3Cr203 (Rosenfeld, B 1879, 1
958)

Glucinum chromite, GlCr/)4
Insol in F O (Mallard, C R 105 1260

Iron (ferrous) chromite (chrome iron ore)

See Chromite, aluminum ferrous magn<
sium

Iron (ferrof erne) chromite, I< L( ), l< c 03, Cr20
Not attacked bv HCl+Yq (Ebelmen

Iron (ferrous) magnesium chromite

Insol in HCl-j-Aq Sf uulv ittackcd t
HS04

Lead chromite, PbCi^Oj

Ppt Insol in KOH i \q (Cluri((
C R 43 M 27 )

Lithium chrormte, 1 j^Ci (),

Very si sol in Kids (\\ < \ 1>< ig, C (
1906 II H>™ )

Magnesium chromite, M^O JC i (){

Insol in II O (Nidiols Sill \in I (
47 H))

( )) Insol in K ids 01 ilk ilu s, (
boiling II SO, (S( h\\< i</( i, I pi 3
2W )

Could not h< ol>( tin«l (\iud, Bull So
(i) 5 ()J4 )

I* i ily ittuknl bv boiling II S()4+A(

less ( isil\ b> IK I 01 III h V(j not i
tvl cd b> boihnjr UNO, (I)uftu, ( 1
^91), 123 SS(> )

2M^O, Ci O, Insol in II O 01 icid
(Nnhols )

5Mg(), 4Cr(), Insol in Kids (Vian
C R 112 100 i)

MgO,2Crj() As ibov( (V )

COBALT \MMONIA COMPOUNDS

270

Manganese chronute, MnCr2O4

Entirely msol An acids (Fbelmen, A
ch (3) 33 44 )

Zinc chromite, ZnCi2O4

Insol in acids and alkalies (\iard, C R

109 142)

4-zHaO (Chancel, C R 43 927 )
3ZnO, 2Cr2O3 As above (Viard, C R

112 1003)

6ZnO, 5O,03 As above (V )

8ZnO, 3CrO3 (Groger M 1904, 25,

520)

Chromovanadic acid

Ammonium chromovanadatq, 2(NH4)20.

2Cr03, V206+7H20
Sol in H2O (Ditte, C R 102 11Q&)

Chromyl amide, Cr02 (NH2)o

Sol in H 0 (Ohly, C N 1899, 80 134 )

Chromyl sw&chloride, (Cr02)6Cl6

Deliquescent, sol m H20 with decomp ,
msol in dry ether (Pascal, C R 1909,
U8, 1463 }

Chromyl chlonde (chlorochromic acid)
Cr02Cl

Decomp by H2O with evolution of much
heat Sol in glacial acetic acid without de-
composition

Sol m CC14, CfHo, (mol wt det ) (Oddo,
Gazz ch it 1899, 29 (2) 318, Chem Soc
1900, 78 (2) 75 )

Cobalt, Co

Not attacked b} H2O

Sol m dil HC1, or H S04, 01 HNO3+\q

ionc hot H2S04, and HNO3 decomp with
evolution of S02 or NO gas

Exists also in passive state See Iron
Nickles, J pr 61 186 )

Sol m cone KOH+4q when m finely
divided state (Winkler, J pr 91 211 )

Sol in NH4OH+A.q m presence of an
;Hodgkmson and Belkirs, C N 1895, 71 73 )

Cobalt ammonia compounds

See—

Anhydrooxycobaltamine compounds,

Tnchromyl chlonde, OrACl2

Deliquescent Sol m HO with gradua

in cone HCl
, (2) 8 U )

bcarccly sol in CS

decomposition Sol in cone
(Thoipc, Chun Soc (2) 8 U )

l-f-Aq

Sol in il«)hol in<l<th(i (Riwsori, C N
188() 59 lSr) )

Chromyl chlorides
From C i O ,
See Chromium oxychlondes

Chromyl chloride nitrogen t< /roxide,

Gi,Cl607, 2NO

Sol in II O with <l«omp (Ihomis, C R
1SW, 129 S2S )

Chromyl fluoride, CiO I<

D(comp by IljO with (\olution of
(Ohvdi, Oi// ch it 16 21S)

Clay

feu Silicate, aluminum, W)3, Si02-
2HO

Bromotetramine cobaltic compounds,

Bromopurpureocobaltic compounds,
BiCo(NH3)5X2

Carbonatotetramine cobaltic compounds^
(C03)Co(NH3)4X

Chlorotetranune cobaltic compounds,
ClCo(NH3)4Xo

Chloropurpureocobaltic compounds,

Co(NH3)5Xo

Croceocobaltic compounds,
Co(NH3)4(N02)2X

Decanmie cobaluc sulphite,
Co2(NH3)10(S08)3

Dianune cobaltic mtntes,
Co(NH3)2(N02)4M

Dichrocobaluc compounds, Co(NH3)sXj

Flavocobaltic compounds,
(N02)2Co(NH3)4X

Fuscocobaltic compounds,
(OH)CofNH3)4X2

lodotetramme cobaltic compounds,
ICO(NH3)4X2

Luteocobaltic compounds, CofNHsJeXs

Melanocobaltic compounds,
[Co(NH3)3Cl ]2, NHoCl

Nitratotetramme cobaltic compounds,
(N03)Co(NH3)4X2

Nitratopurpureocobaltic compounds,
fNO)3Co(NH3)5X

Nitritocobaltic compounds,
(NO )Co(NH3)6X

Octamme cobaltic compounds,
Co (NH3)s Xb

( =Tetramine cobaltic compounds,
Co(NH3)<X3

Oxycobaltamine compounds,
Co(NH3),,,(OOH)X4

Praseocobaltic compounds,

Purpureocobaltic compounds,

Roseocobaltic compounds,

Co(NH3)6(OH2)X3

Sulphatotetramine cobaltic compounds,
(fe04)Co(]NH3)4X

Sulphatopurpureocobaltic compounds,

(S04)Co(NH3)5X

280

COBALT ARSENIDE

" Tetramine cobalfcc " compounds,

Co(NH8)2X3
Xanthocobaltic compounds

(NQ2)Co(NH8)fiX2

Cobalt arsemde, CoAs

As Co3As2 (Ducelhez, C R 1908, 147
425)

CoAs2 As Co8As2 (Ducelliez, C R
1908, 147 425 )

Co2As3 As Co3As2 (Ducelliez, C R
1908, 147 425 )

Co8As2 Very si attacked bv hot cone
HC1, less by H2SO4 Easily sol in HN03
and aqua regia SI attacked by fused al-
kalies and alkali carbonates (Ducelliez,
C R 1908, 147 425 )

CoAss Mm Slutterudite Sol in HN08
+Aq, with separation of As20s

Cobalt arsemde sulphide, CoAs2, CoS2
Mni Cobaltite Sol in HN03-|-Aq, with

separation of S and As2Os

Glaucodote Completely sol in HN03+

Aq

Cobalt azoimide, basic, Co(OH)N3

Insol in H20

Sol in HN3H-Aq (Curtms, J pr 1898, (2)
58 300)

Cobalt potassium azoimide, KN3, Co(N3)2

Sol mH20,Aq solution decomp onboihng
(Curtius, J pr 1898, (2) 58 301 )

Cobalt bonde, Co2B

Attacked by HN03 (Jassonneix, C R
1907, 145 240 )

CoB Decomp by moist air and by al-
kali nitrates, chlorates, hydroxides and car-
bonates, decomp by steam at red heat and
by acids (Moissan, C R 1896, 122 425 )

Not attacked by HC1, lapidly attacked
by HN03 Not attacked by cfil but decomp
by cone H2S04 Rapidly attacked by aqua
zegia (Moissan, A ch 1896, (7) 9 272 )

CoB2 (Jassonneix, C R 1907, 145 241 )

Cobaltous bromide, CoBi 2

Dekqucwent Sol in H2O, alcohol, and
ether

Sat Colii2+Aq contains at

59° 75° 97°
4)67 668 6bl%CoBi
<Ltiid, A (h 1S94, (7) 2 542)

N early insol in \sBis (Walden, Z anorg i
1902, 29 374 ) !

Sol in S02C1(OH) (Walden )

bol in quinoline (Beckmann and Gabel,
Z anorg 1906, 51 236 )

Ig CoBr2 is sol in 9 74g methyl acetate
<itl80 Sp gr 1874° of sat solution = 1 013
(Naumann, B 1909, 42 3792 )

Difficultly sol in ethyl aeetate (N"a
mann, B 1910, 43 314 )
Sol in acetone (Eidmarm, C C 18S ,

11 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4328 )
Mol weight determined in pyridir

(Werner, Z anorg 1897, 15 24 )

+2, and 6H2O (Hartley, Chcm Soc ( )

12 214)

Cobaltous hydrazine bromide hydrazin ,

2CoBr2, 4N2H4HBr, N2H4(?)
Sol in H2O with decomp (Fcrratim, C
1912 1613)

Cobaltous mercuric bromide, basic,

CoBr2, HgBr2, 6CoO+20H20
(Maiihe, A ch 1902, (7) 27 369 )

Cobalt stannic bromide
See Bromostannate, cobalt

Cobaltous bromide ammonia, CoBr2, 6NHa
Sol in H2O with lesidue of cobalt hydro
ide (Rammelsberg, Pogg 56 245 )

Cobaltous bromide hydrazine, CoBr2, 2N2U

Decomp by boiling with H O (Fianzc ,
Z anorg 1908, 60 270 )

Cobalt carbonyl, Co(CO)4

Insol m H20 More 01 less sol in Cf*
ether, alcohol and Ni(CO)4 Relative
stable with non-oxidmng acids Quick
decomp by oxidmg acids CMond, HIT
andCowap, C N 1908,98 10 "5 )

Cobaltous chloride, CoCl

Deliquescent Sol in 11 O with ( volutic
of heat 100 pts II O dnsolvt 4> >pts CoC
at 0° (Ingfl, V ch ((>) 17 35K> )

100 pts bit CoCl + Vq at 1° (ontun pt
CoCl

I ts

I ts

I t

C o( 1

C >( 1

( oC 1

-22

24 7

25

U \

%

IS \

— 4

2S 0

54

>7 r>

7S

IS S

+ 7

U 2

41

><) S

<)4

)() PJ

11

U 3

K)

41 7

<)()

il 2

12

32 5

49

it) 7

112

r>2 i

(1'tud, ( K 113 <><)<) j

Sp gi of CoCl -f Vq ( out lining
5 K) 12 20 2V, CoC 1

104% I09()7 1 157<) 12215 1 3002

Sat solution, 1 3(>1 3
(bi in/ J ]>i (2) 5 2S1 )

Sp gi of CoCl + Vq containing in 1000 |

H20, K CoCl +(>H O
119 g ( = Vi mol ) 23S 357 47(> 594
1 055 I 101 1 141 1 177 1 21

833 952 1071 1190
1 238 1 264 1 287 1 309

COB \LTOUS CHLORIDE

>1

Containing g CoCl2 (anhydrous)—
65g( = J^mol) 130 195 260 325 390
1 058 1 112 1 164 1 213 1 260 1 304

(Gerlach, Z anal 28 466 )

fep gr of CoCl2+Aq at room temp con-
taining

7 97 14 858 22 27% CoCl2
1 0807 1 1613 1 2645
(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 267 )

100 g formic acid (95fc) dissohc 62 g

JoCl at 20 2° ( \schan, Ch Z 1913, 37

117)
Ig CoCL is sol in 271g meth>l acetate

t!8° Sp gr 18°/4°ofsat solution =0938

Naumann, B 1909, 42 3791 )
Difficultly sol in ethvl acetate (Nau-
ann, B 1910, 43 314 )
100 pts acetone dissolve 862 pts anhy-
drous CoCl2 (Krug and M<Elro>, J
Ch 6 184)

Sp gr of CoCl2+Aq at 20° containing M
g mols of salt per liter

08 pts sol in 100 pts
26 « " " 100 "

ethvl acetate at 14°
" " 79°

11 " " " 100 " acetone " 0°

M 0 01 0 025

0 05 0 075

28 " " " 100 "

" " 22 5°

Sp gr 1 001159 1 003052 1 006065 1 009190

(Laszczynski, B 1894,27,2286)

M 010

025

050

075

Sol m acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899, II

Sp gr 1012386 103049 1

05492 1

L 09118

1014)
1 g CoCl2 is sol in 36 4 g acetone at 18°

M

10

1 5

20

Sp gr of sat solution

18°/4°=0825 (Nau-

Sp gr 1 11847 1 17502 1
(Jones and Pearce, Am Ch J

23637
1907, 38 711 )

mann, B 1904, 37 4334 )
100 g acetorntnle dissolve 4 OS g CoCl2 at
18° (Naumann and Schier,B 1914,97 249)

Sp gi ofCoCla+Aq

at 25°

Sol m quinolme (BecLmann and Gabel,
Z anorg 1906, 51 236 )

Concentration of
CoCl +Aq

fep gr

Solubility IE rondine at t°

1 — normal

1 0571
1 0286

t°

G CoCl sol in
00 g pvndme

Solid phase

3/4~

- "t

1 0144

1 (\f\KQ

-50 3

0 4200 |

1

1/tr

UUOo

—45 0

0 4204

(Wagnei, Z phys Ch 1890,5 37)

—30 0
—19 6

0 ^221 '
0 4227 '

I CoCl , bC5Ha\

CoCl2

—10 0

0 432Q

Solubility in HC1+ \q at 0°

J^mols

0

0 4326

J

0

<-i
CoCl2 m mgs in 10 ccm of solution
HCl = mols HC1 in mgs in ditto H20

TT /\

+23 0
25 0
34 6

0 572
0 578
0 755

i

— g H2O

37 6

0 760

'

CoCl

IK I

CoCl
+HC1

Sp v

HO

44 6
47 2

0 9o9
1 029

CoCl , 4CaH \

J

ol 0

1 P2

1

62 4

0

62

4

I 343

9 36

55 0

1 206

58 525

i 7

62

2

1 328

9 34

60 0

1 342

50 8

11 45

62

25

1 299

9 27

64 2

1 4S3

i

37 25

25 2

62

45

1 248

9 13

68 C

1 597

J

12 85

55 0

67

85

1 167

74 8

2 079

4 75

74 75

79

50

1 150

8 46

78 2

2 3oO

! CoCl 2CH8\

12 0

104 5

116

5

1 229

7 5

79 8

2 4S8

i

25 0

139 0

164 0

1 323

88 0

3 397

1

96 5

7 817

(kngel, A

ch

(6) 17 355 )

98 8

8 Sb2

s CoCl

106 0

14 340

i

Insol in liquid NHs

(Inanklm, Am Ch

110 0

16 500

J

J 1898, 20 827 )
Sol in alcohol

(Pearce and Moore, -Vm Ch J 1913 50 226 )

bat solution in alcohol (0 792 sp gr ) con
tains 23 66 % CoCl2 and has sp gr = 1 0107
(Winkler, J pr 91 209 )
Very sol in ether
100 pts absolute ether dissolve only 0 021 g
CoCl2 (Bodtker, Z phys Ch 1897, 22

Mol weight determined m piperidme,
and pyridine Cft erner Z anorg IS0)", 15
18 and 23 )
Sol in urethane (Castoro, Z anorg

1899, 20 61 )
i TT.n

511)

~TJJL2^

282

COBALTOUS HYDR \ZINE CHLOBIDE

-f2H20 Very deliquescent (Bersch
J B 1867 291)

17 16 pts sol m 100 pts acetone at 0°

1706 " " 100 " " " 25°

(Laszczynski, B 1894, 27 2287 )

+4H20 Deliquescent (Bersch )

-j-6H20 Not dehquescent Easily sol
inHtO

Solubihty of CoCl2-f6H2O in ethyl alcohol
+Aq at 11 5° under addition of increasing
amounts of CoClg

P — Percent of alcohol by volume

G = Grains of CoCl2 added

Cc - Grams of CoCk m 5 cc of the solution

Cw = Grams of water in 5 cc of the solution,
calculated from

(1) the water content of the alcohol

(2) the water of crystallization which had

gone into solution

(3) the water held mechanically in Cod

+6H20

p

G

Cw

Cc

91 3

0 0

1 3?5

1 168

98 3

0 0

1 134

1 214

98 3

0 0

1 068

1 181

99 3

0 0

1 045

1 199

0 194

0 899

1 204

0 400

0 829

1 325

0 612

0 764

1 459

0 813

0 688

1 568

1 022

0 634

1 713

1 240

0 553

1 831

1 446

0 483

1 943

0 b50

0 SCO

2 186

(Bodtker, Z phys Ch 1897, 22 508 )

Easily soluble in absolute ethyl ilcohol
100 pts absolute alcohol dissolve at loom
temperature 56 20 pts CoCk Water pro
cipitates CoCl2+bH20 from a solution of
CoCl2 m absolute alcohol (Bodtkoi )

100 pts absolute ether dissolve 0 29 Ig
CoCl2+6H2O (Bodtker, Z phys Ch 1897,
22 511)

Anhydrous ethvltne glycol dibsolvcs
106% CoCl2-f6H/) it 164° (d( Conmck,
Chem S<K 1904, 86, (2) 741 )

Cobaltous hydrazine chloride,

CoCl;, 2N2H4HCl-f2^H o
Sol m H2() (luii itmi, C A 1912 IhU )

Cobaltous iodine chloride, CoCl , 2ICI1-f
SHO

IT . - I)((omp by Jl () CCI4

separates 1C13 (Wcmluid ind Sdilcgd
milch, Z dnoig 1902 30 1 V7 )

Cobalt lithium chloride, CoCl , LiCl+oHjO
Veiy dohqucfectnt hoi in H O with do
(omp Sol in IiCl-f\q without dccomp
Sol m alcohol without dccomp (Chasfecvmt,
V ch (6) 30 27 )

Cobaltous mercuric chlonde basic, CoCI2

HgCl2, 6CoO+20H20
(Mailhe, A ch 1902, (7) 27 469 )

Cobaltous mercuric chlonde, CoCl2, HgCl2
Very deliquescent (v BonsdorfT )

Cobaltous thalhc chlonde, 2T1C1,, CoCl •+

8H20

Hydroscopic. can be ciyst from H2O
(Gewecke, A 1909, 366 222 )

Cobaltous tin (stannic) chlonde, CoCL, SnCl,j

+6H20
See Chlorostannate, cobaltous

Cobaltous chloride ammonia, CoCl2, 2NHa

Decomp by H2O (F Rose)

CoCl2, 4NH3 Decomp bv H20 (H
Rose--} N

CoCl2, 6NH, Decomp bj H20 Sol in
dil^NIkiQH-l-Aq with ease, but difficultly in
cone NH4OH-j-Aq Insol in absolute
alcohol (Fremy )

Cobaltous chlonde hydrazine, OoCl2, 2N H*

Insol in cold H2O

Slowly decomp by cold, japidly by hot
H20

Easily sol in dil acids ind N"H,OH+ Vq
(Fran/en, Z anorg 1908, 60 270 )

Cobaltous chlonde hydroxylamnne,

CoCl,, 2NH OH

Decomp in the ur, sol in H O (Fcldt,
B 1894, 27 403)

Cobaltic chloride hydroxylamine,
CoCld, (>NH OH

Insol m ilcohol

Sol in uidifiid HO \Mthout <l((omp
,ol in com II SO 4 \Mtlioui <Uoomp
(foldt B 1891 27 404 i

Cobaltous fluoride, C ol

SI sol in HO insol in ihohol ind < th< i ,
slowlv ittukt(lb> (oldHC 1 II S()4 01 UNO,
+Aq (PouldK C H 114 1129)

Insol in liquid NHa ((roic \rn Ch J
1S9X, 29 S27)

+2H O S>1 in i huh II O without «1(-
omp Decomp into o\vfluoii<l< by boiling
with much HO Sol in III f \q (B<i-
'(hus )

+4H O I \\o inodifi( ilions
Solubility of a mod it ' = 2 JUS ( (
1 P " ' =2 >J()i '{
Costi(h(S(ii \nn Sd I ni\ I issy, 191J
7, 1, 10 )

Cobaltic fluoride, Cot {

Sol m cone H SO4 (Buhioti, Choni
Soc 1905, 88, (2) 39«)

COB \LTOUS IODIDE

Cobaltous hydrogen fluoride, CoF2, 5HF+

Easily sol in H20 and dil acids
Sol m NH4OH+ 4q with decomp (Bohm
Z anorg 1905, 43 330 )

Cobalt columbmm fluonde
See Fltiocolumbate, cobalt

Cobaltous iron (feme) fluonde,
CoF2, FeF3+7H2O

Sol m dil HF+Aq (Wemland, Z anore
1899, 22 269 )

Cobaltous manganic fluonde, 2CoF , Mn2F6

+8H20
(Christensen, J pr (2) 34 41 )

Cobalt molybdenyl fluonde
See Fluoxymolybdate, cobalt

Cobaltous potassium fluonde, CoF2, KF
SI sol in H2O, less in ethyl or methyl

alcohol, msol in amyl alcohol or benzene

Decomp byhotH2SO4 (Poulenc, C R 114

747 )

+H2O SI sol in H O (Wagner, B 19

896)

CoF , 2KF

Cobaltous sodium fluonde, CoF2, NaF+H20
Sol m H2O (Wagnei, B 19 896 )

Cobaltous stannic fluonde
See Fluostannate, cobaltous

Cobalt vanadium fluonde
See Fluovanadate, cobalt

Cobaltous hydroxide, CoO2H2

Insol in H2O Sol in acids Insol in
KOH+Aq Sol in ammonium sulphate,
chloride, nitrate, or succmate+Aq (Brett }

Sol in warm acetic acid, mbol m NH4OH
+Aq and cold NH4Cl+Aq, but sol m
warm NH,Cl+Aq (de Schulten, C R 109
2(>b )

Insol in IIO and dil KOH + \q, some-
whit sol in cone KOH+Aq casih sol m
NH4 silts+Aq (Imscnms)

1^ vsily bol m KCN +Aq (Rodgeis, 1834

Sol m cone K CO3+Aq (Gmelm )

Not pptcl by KOH+Aq m presence o
H2C4H4()hoi NH4 citrate C^

Sol mlupoamt m boiling NH4
(Grossmmn, Z anorg 1908, 58 269)

Insol m methyl, 01 am>l amme +Aq
(Wurtz )

Many non-volitilc orgimc subbtances pre-

vent its pptn

Cobaltic hydroxide, 3Co«O3, 2H20
(MilL, Phil Mag (4) 35 257)
Co2O3, 2H2O Decomp by HCl+^q

fives broun solutions with cold i

IoS04 + \a, which soon decomp < M ernicke
^g 141 120)

oaOfiHe = Co 03, 3H 0 ^ol in % arm HCI
HN03, and H2S04, with decomp fProust J

Sol m cold H,P04, H^O^, E\QZ or HC1 +
Aq, but decomp on standing or \\armmc
Winkelblech)

Sol m racemic, tartanc o\ahe or citrn
acid as cobaltous salt

Sol in cone acetic acid without immediate
decomp (Remele) Solution w not decomp
by boiling Sol in warm sat !\H4)jC2O4-r
Aq with decomp

Not attacked bv cold or hot NH4OH + \q

Insol m boiling 2\H4Cl+Aq

Sol when freshly pptd in iNH4)jSO3+
Aq (Geuther, \ 128 Io7 i

CobaltocobaltLC hydroxide, Co304, 3HSO
Insol ui H20 Sol m oxalic acid, solution

decomp by heat Sol m HCl+^.q with

evolution of Cl (Gibbs and Genth, SiD Am

J (2) 23 257 )
Co804, 7H20 Sol m weak acids, especialh

EC H30 without decomp (Fremy )
Co507, 6H O Mm Heteiogenitt Sol in

dil HCl+Aq with evolution of Cl

Cobaltous iodide, Col
Deliquescent, and verj sol in H O

100 pts sat Col +\q at r contain
pts Col

Pts

t ' Pt

Pts

t

Col

Col

Col

!

—22

52 4

14

61 6 •

60 i

79 2

— 8

56 7

2o

b6 4 i

S2

SO 7

— 2

58 7

34

73 0 ».

111

80 Q

+ 9

bl 4

4b

790 |(

lob

S3 1

(Etard C R 113 b99

bol mSO(OCH3) < \\dden 7 anoru
1902,29 388

Sol in FOCI i \\alden / moig WOO
25 216)

Sol in POC1 (balden / nnrg WOO
25 212)

Sol mSCl (balden L mm a 1900 25
217) , „

\eail> insol m \«Bi \\ ddcn Z anorj,
1902,29 374)

Sol m VsCI (\\ildon / morg 1CUH»
25 214)

«-

fcol in acetone (fidmami C C
II 1014) (\aurnmn, B 1^)4 37

Sol m qumolme (Beckmuin mdOahd
Z anors 190h, 51 23b )

Sol mmeth\l acetate (N mm inn B
42, 3790 )

+2H O

+4H20 \er\deliqucscent L tard )

2S4

COB 41/1 OUS LEAD

+6EUO (Hartley, Chem Soc (2) 12
214)

+9H20 Very hydroscopic (Bolschakoff,
C C 1898, II 660 )

Cbbaltous lead iodide, 2 CoI2, PbIo+3H20
Decomp by FoO (Mosmer, \ ch 1897,
(7) 12 412 )

Cobaltous mercuric iodide, CoI2, Hgl 4-
6H20

Partially decomp by H20

Sol in alcohol and acetone (Dobroserdoff,
C C 1901, II 332 )

CoI2.2HgI2+6H20 Decomp byH20,sol
in alcohol and acetone (Dobroserdoff, C C
1901, II 332 )

Cobaltous iodide ammonia, CoI2, 4NH3
Decomp by H20 Sol m NH4OH+Aq

(Rammelsberg. Pogg 48 155 )
Col.,, 6NH3 Insol m NH4OH+Aq

{Rammelsberg )

Cobaltous iodide hydrazine, CoI2, 2N H4

SI sol m H20 Easily sol m acids
(Franzen, Z anorg 1911, 70 147 )

Cobaltic octamine compounds
See Octamine cobaltic compounds

Cobaltous oxide, CoO

Insol in H20 Easily sol in dil 01 cone
HC1 or HNX)3+Aq Slowly sol m cold, but
easily in hot dil H2SO4-|-Aq, acetic, or
tartanc acid -fAq Insol m NH4OH+Aq
Sol m hot NH4C1 +Aq,KOH, or NaOH+Aq
(Rose )

Insol in NH4C1 or NH4N03+Aa (Brett,
1834)

Insol m KgCOj-f-Aq Sol m boiling Co
and Mi nitrates +Aq, \\ith pptn of the ox-
ides (Persoz )

Easily sol in dil acids, even tartanc
acetic, and oxalic acids Not attacked by
NH4OH+Aq bol m 13% NH4Cl+Aq
with evolution of NFS, also in NH4SCN + \q
Sol in warm cone NaOH, and KOH-j-Aq
(Zimmerman, A 232 324 )

Solubility in (calcium bucr ite-f-bug ir) -j-Aq

1 1 solution containing 418 6 g sugar and
34 3 g CaO dissolves 1 56 g CoO 1 1 solu
tion containing 2965 g sugar and 242 g
CaO dissolves 0 29 g CoO (Bodenbender,
J B 1865 600)

Insol m liquid NH3 (franklin, Arn Ch
J 1898, 20 827 )

See al*>o Cobaltous hydroxide

Cobaltic oxide,

Decomp by most acidb, even m the cold,
with formation of cobaltous salts Sol in
acetic acid without immediate decomp

See also Cobaltic hydroxide

Cobaltocobaltic oxide, Co304 = CoO, Co2O8

Insol m boiling cone HC1, HN03, or aqu
regia Sol by long standing with H2SO
(Gibbs and Genth, Sill Am J (2) 23 257

See also Cobaltocobaltic hydroxide

Co406=2CoO, Co20,

Co6O7=4CoO, Co203 Not attacked b
boiling dil HNO8 or H2S04+Aq (Beetz

Co8O9 = 6CoO, Co203+20H2O Sol m di
acids, with residue of Co2Og, which di£
solves on worming (Gentele, J pr 69 131

+8HoO As above (Gentele )

Cobaltous oxychlonde, CoClo

Ppt Very si sol in H2O (HabeimanB
M 6 432 )

Cobaltous oxychlonde hydroxylamine,

CoOCl, 2NH2OH

Insol m H20, unstable, msol m alcohol
(Feldt, B 1894, 27 404 )

Cobaltous oxyfluonde, CoO, CoF +H2O
Ppt (Berzehus Pogg 1 20)

Cobaltous oxyiodide, CoO, CoI2
Insol m H 0 (Rammelsberg )

Cobaltous oxysulphide, CoO, CoS

Cold HCl-hAq dissolves out CoO, hoi
HCl+Aq decomp with < volution of ITS
(Arfvedson, Pogg 1 b4 )

Cobalt phosphide, Co P

Sol m (ono IIN"O] Slo\\lv ittitl(db\
HC1 and H SO4 (M uonm iu, C1 ]{ 1<)00
130 658)

Sol in JINO{, KIUI i<p;ii uul in fused
ilkalio^ (Giangd, Jiull ,So( JS%, fj) 16
1089 )

CoP) In ol in UNO uid
stable in the ui cvc n \\hcn he it«l
Bull Soc 1S%, ( >) 15 10S7

CoaP^ Insol in (one H(l-j-V<i s"' 1I1
HNO,-f Vq (Rose Po^ 24 MJ i

Cobalt sM/;selenide, ( o N

Sol in hiornmc w it< i

Only si attic k«l by boilinj? i inning IIC1
(Lonzcs-Di iron, C 1^ !<)()() 131 701)

Cobalt ///oA/oseleiude, CoS<
(Little, A 112 211 )

Cobalt r^selemde CoS<

Sol mBr2+Aq

Only si attacked by boiling fuming HCI
(Fonzes-Diacon, C H 1900, 131 705)

OOBALTICkANIDE, \MMOMLM C\LCIIM

Cobalt sesgmselemde, Co2Se3

Sol mBr2+Aq

Only si attacked by boiling fuming HC1
(Fonzes-Diacon, C R 1900, 131 704 )

Cobalt selemde,

Sol inBra+Aq

Only si attacked by boiling fuming HC1
(Fonzes-Diacon, C R, 190, 131 704 )

Cobalt sihcide, Co2Si

Sol in HF and aqua regia Insol in cold
H2O Decomp by steam at red heat Sol
in fused alkali carbonates (Vigouroux,
C R 1895, 121 687 )

CoSi Insol in HN03 and H2S04 Sol
in aqua regia and HC1, and in fused KOH
(Lebeau, C R 1901, 132 557 )

Not attacked by dil or cone HN03, or
cone B^SO* Sol in aqua regia and m cone
HC1

Not attacked by dil alkali hydroxides +
Aq , attacked by fused alkali (Lebau, Bull
Soc 1901, (3), 25 540 )

CoSiz SI sol in hot cone HC1 and hot
cone alkali + Aq Sol in HF, msol in
HNO3 and HoSO4 (Lebeau, C R 19C2, 135
476 )

Ccbaltous sulphide, CoS

Anhydrous Easily sol in acids, even
HC2H3O2, but only slowly in the latter case
(Hjortdahl, C R 65 75 )

Not attacked by cold dil HCl+Aq (Ebel-
men, A ch (3) 25 94 )

Mm Seypoonte

+zH2O 1 1 H20 dissolve 4162+10-*
moles CoS at 1S° (Weigel, Z phys Ch
1907, 58 294 )

Sol in cone mmeial icids, very si sol m
cold dil acids, scarcely sol in acetic acid
(Wackemodei )

Sol whdi still moist m SO +Aq (Ber-
thier)

Easily sol in HNO3, but only veiy si sol
m HCl+Aq Not pptd from very dil
acid solutions by H S

Insol m H O, alkalies and alkali caibon-
\tes, or sulphides + Aq (Fresemus )

Insol in NH4C1 and NH4N03+Aq
(Brett)

Whon pptd by (NHO S + \q, bhows a
brown coloui in pnscnu of 200,000 pts H O
(Pfaff ) , ,

lirtauc acid, ct( does not hmdei the
pptn by (NH4)>+Aq (Rose)

Sol in potassium thiocarbonate + Aq
(Rosenbladt, 1 anal 26 15 )

Sol m Ni2Sa- or K,Sz+Aq (d( KonmcL
Ze!t angcw Ch 1891 202)

Cobaltic sulphide, Co2S3

Partially decomp by HCl+Aq, sol ir
HNOa+Aq with decomposition

SI attacked by HCl+Aq, and slowly even
by aqua regia (Schneider, J pr (2) 9 209 ;

Min Cobalt pyrite

+zH20 Insol in KCX+\q

i Fleck

J pr 97 303 ) More sol in HCl+\q than
CoS (Dingier, Berz, J B 10 13° )

Cobaltoccbaluc sulphide, Co3S4

Mm Linnceiie Sol in warm HNOs+Aq,
with residue of S

Cobalt dtsulpmde, CoS2

Not attacked by alkalies or acids except
3N03 and aqua regia (Fletterberg Pogg 7
tO )

Cobalt sulphide, Co4S8

Easily sol m hot HC1 with e\olution of
H2S (and H 9) (Proust )

Cobalt potassium sulphide, X ConS10
Slowly sol in cold HC1 and aqua regia
Quickly sol m warm aqua regia
Sol in HF and H-wSO* only on warming
Insol in (NH4)2S, organic acidh, alkalies,

12% HCl+Aq and KCX+\q (Milbauer,

Z anorg 1904, 42 447 )

Cobalt tellunde, CoTe
(Fabre, C R 105 673 )

Cobalt decamme sulphurous acid
See Decamme cobaltisulphurous acid

Cobaltic acid

Potassium cobaltate, K Co9Oi6+2H O, or
3HoO

Insol in H 0 (Pebal, \ 100 262 J, but de-
comp b\ long boiluig Sol in cone acidb

K20, rCo03 Sol m HO i tinkler, J
pr 91 351)

Does not exist <Donath T\ \ B 102, 2b
71)

Cobalucyannydnc acid, H CoiCN)p — ^H O
Deliquescent \ erj sol m H 0 and onl\
si decomp on boiling

Sol m HC1+ A.q without decomp e\en on
boiling SI bol in cone more &ol in dil
HN03+\q \ot decomp b\ boiling cone
HN03+\q or aqua regia Insol m cone
si sol in dil H S04+ ^q ^ol in alcohol
Insol methei (Z^vengei \ 162 Io7 )

Ammonium cobalticyamde, (\H)Co'CN

+ «HO
Yer\ bol m H 0} bl bol in alcohol

Ammonium barium cobalticyamde,

NH4BaCo(C\)6+HO
Sol in HO (\\ebelbU )

Ammomum calcium cobalticyamde,
NH4CaCo(C\)6+10HO

Sol in H 0

286

COBALTICY \NIDE, AMMONIUM LEAD

Ammonium lead cobalticyamde,

NH4PbCo(CN)6+3H2O
Sol in 8 31 pts H20 at 18°, and si sol in
93% alcohol (Schiller )

Ammonium mercuric cobalticyamde,

(NH4)6Go2Hg(CN)14+H20
Sol m H O with decomp
Insol m alcohol (Soenderop, Dissert
1899)

Ammonium sodium cobalticyamde,

NH4Na Co(CN)6
Only si sol in H20 (Weselsky, B 2 598 )

Ammonium, strontium cobalticyamde.

NH4SrCo(CN)6+9H2O
Sol in H O (W)

Banum cobalticyamde, basic, Ba3[Co(CN)6]2,

BaO2H

Not very stable Cannot be recryst with-
out partial decomp (W )

Banum cobalticyamde, Ba3[Co(CN)6l +

10H20

SI efflorescent Veiy sol in H20 Insol
m alcohol

Banum cobalticyamde chloride,

Ba3[Co(CN)«]2, Bad -f!6H2O
Sol m H O without decomp (W )

Banum lithium cobalticyamde. BaLiCo(CN)6
+15H O

The most sol of the double cobalticy-
inides (Weselsky )

Banum potassium cobalticyamde,

BaKCo(CN)fi-f 11H O
Sol in HO (W )

Bismuth cobalticyamde BiC(nCN>

Ppt (Mitluwb J Am Chom So< 1900,
22 275 )

-I-SH/) M ode lately stiblc with dil mm
icids, mou st ibk with cone icids thin Cd
or Zn comp

Decomp by NHa and alkilus (l<ischei
uid Cunt/( C h / 1902, 26 872 )

Cadmium cobalticyamde, CM [Co(( N) ] +
7JtfH O

\ttack(xl by strong mm Kidh only when
hot B(hiv<s dfc. Zn salt, towud (one
H SO4 md (hi md cone HC1

Insol in K{( o(( NT)6+Aq Sol in NH4OH
uulNH4CH-\q (Fisdiu md Cunt/e, Ch
/ 1902, 26 S7S)

Cadmium potassium cobalticyamde.

KCdCo(CN)6
Not itticktd by H2O
C untze, Ch Z 1902 26, 873 )

md

Cadmium sodium cobalticyamde.

NaCdCo(CN)6
(Fischei and Cuntze, Ch Z 1902 26 873

Cadmium cobalticyamde ammonia.

Cd3[Co(CN)fi]2, 4NH3+2H20
(Fischer and Cuntze, Ch Z 1902, 26 873
Cd3[Co(CN)6]2, 5NH3+3HoO (Fische

and Cuntze, Ch Z 1902, 26 873 )
Cd3[Co(CN)ff]o, 7NH3 (Fischer am

Cuntze, Ch Z 1902.26 873)
Cd3[Co(CN)6]2, 9NH3+2H20 (Fische

and Cuntze, Ch Z 1902, 26 873 )

Calcium potassium cobalbcyanide,

CaKCo(CN)6-r-9H2O
Sol in HoO (W )

Cobaltous cobalticyamde, Co3[Co(CN)6]24

14H2O

Insol in H2O and acids SI sol in NH4OE
+Aq Decomp by KOH+Aq

Cupnc cobalticyamde, Cu3[Co(CN)6]<>4

7H2O
Insol m HoO and acids Sol in NH4OH4

Cupnc cobalticyamde ammonia,

Cu3[Co(CN)6]2, 4NH3+7H20
Sol mH2O (Zwenger)

Lead cobalticyamde, basic. Pb3[Co(CN)<iU

3Pb02H2-fllH20

Insol m H2O or alcohol, somewhat sol in
hot Pb(C2H3O ) +Aq (Schuler )

Lead cobalticyamde, Pb»[Co(CN)6] +4H O
Veiy sol in H O Insol m Uoohol

(Zwenger )

+7H/) Sol in 1 77 pts H/) it 18°, and

163 pts dt 19° Insol m ibsoluto alcohol

SI sol in 93<^ ikohol (Schukr, W A B

79 ^02)

Lead potassium cobalticyamde, PbKCo(CN)<

Sol mh 74 pts H O it 1S° ind iruuh moie
< isilv in hot H () Insol in absolute, si
sol m<M% ilcohol (Schuhi )

Lead cobalticyamde nitrate, I>b,lCo(CN)fi]2
Pb(NO ) +1211 O

Sol m 1()91 pts HO it 1S°, Ib79 ptb
it 19°, and inudi 1( ss hot H O

Ntarly insol jn 9i% alcohol (Schuhi )

Mercurous cobalticyamde, HgiCo(CN)G

Ppt Docomp by HC1 Not attacked b>
cold, but by hot cone H2SO4 Not attacked
by HNO3, acetic or oxalic acid Decomp b>
ilkahes-hAq (Miller and Mat hews, J Am
Chem Soc 1900 22 64)

COBALTIMOIABDATE, BARIUM COBALTOUS

287

Mercuric cobalticyamde, Hg3[Co(CN)6]2
SI sol m H20, decomp by boiling
Insol in alcohol and ether Not attacked

by HC1 (Soenderop, Dissert, 1899 )

Mercuric potassium cobalticyamde,

bol in H O with decomp Insol in al-
cohol SI sol in ether (Soenderop, Dissert,
1899)

K6Hg*Co4( CN ) 24 (Soenderop, Dissert
1899)

Mercuric sodium cobalticyamde,

Na*Hg3Co4(CN)24+4HO
Extremely deliquescent (Soendeiop,
Dissert, 1899

Nickel cobalticyamde, Ni3[Co(CN)6]2-r-

12H2O

Insol in H2O and acids Not attacked by
boiling HCl-fAq Sol in NH4OH-fAq
Decomp by KOH-f-Aq

Nickel cobalticyamde ammonia,

Ni3[Co(CNV2, 4NH3+7H20
Insol in H 0

Potassium cobalticyamde, KaCo(CN)6
Easily bol in H 0 Insol in alcohol

Potassium strontium cobalticyamde,

KSrCo(CN)fi+9H20
bol m H () (\\cjsplsky )

Potassium thallium cobalticyamde,

K3T1 [Co(CN)fl]

More sol 111 H2O thin conebpondmg
K salt (Tns(hd ind Bcn/un Ch Z 1902
26 49 )

Potassium zinc cobalticyanide,

KZnCo(ON), + JH2<>
(Fischoi ind ( unt/(,Cli / 1(K)2, 26 S7

Potassium cobalticyamde mercuric chloride

2KsCo(CN), mgCl
(boendeiop Hissut 1899 )

Potassium cobalticyamde mercuric iodide

4K3Co(C N)«, Hgl

Sol in II O with biibscqiunt duoni|'
Sol in ihohol ind (tlni with duomp

(Soenderop Di^snt, 1899)

Silver cobalticyamde, \gaCo(CN)«

Insol mH2() ind uids Sol in NH4OH +

Silver cobalticyamde ammonia,

NH,+VSH,O

Insol in H O (Zwengei )

odium cobalticyamde, Na3CofCN)6+2H30
Easily sol in H2O, insol m alcohol

odium zinc cobalticyamde, NaZnCo(CN)b

+H20
(Fischer and Cuntze, Ch Z 1902,26 873)

rtrontium cobalticyamde, Sr3[Co(CN)6]2-f

10H20
Very sol in HoO (Weselsky )

ThaUium cobalticyanide, Tl3Co(CN)6
100 pts H2O dissolves 6 pts at 0°, 5 86 pts
i 9 5°, 10 04 pts at 19 5° (Fronmuller, B

.1 91)

rttnum cobalticyamde, YCo(CN)6H-2H*O
Nearly insol in H20 (Cleve )

Zinc cobalticyamde, Zn3[Co(CN)6]2+12H20
Sol m HCl+Aq and salt is pptd by dilu-
lon with H20 Decomp by H2S04 Insol
n K4Co(CN)G+Aq Sol m NH4OH and

NH4Cl+Aq (Fischer and Cuntze, Ch Z

1902, 26 873 )

Zinc cobalticyamde ammonia,

Zn3[Co(CN)6]2, 5NH3

Decomp by H20 and acids (Fischer and
Juntze, Ch Z 1902, 26 873 )
Zn3[Co(CN)6] , 6NH3 (Fischer and
Cuntze )

+3H2O (Fischer and Cuntze )
Zn,[Co(CN)6]2, 10NH3+9H2O Decomp
by H 0 (Fischer and Cuntze )

Cobaltimolybdic acid

Ammonium banum cobaltous cobaltimolyb-
dite, ^(NH4)2O, UiBaO CoO, CoO,

Difficultly sol m H2O (Fnedheim and
Kellei B 1906 39 4W6 )

Ammonium cobaltous cobaltimolybdate,

2(NH4) 0, CoO, CoO ,10MoO., + 12H O
Miuh more sol m HO than 3(NH4)2O
CoO, CoO2, 12MoO3+20H O Sp gi ot
cold sit solution = 1 096 (Fnedheim inci

K(](NH4) O, CoO, CoO , 12Mo04+20H 0
100 o( cold sat aqueous solution contain

3 K of the salt &p gi of the solution = 1 0234
hoi in cone HC1
Decomp by cone HjSO,, by KOH+Aq

and by NiOH+Aq (Fiiedheim and Kellei )

Banum cobaltous cobaltimolybdate,

3BaO, CoO, Co02, 9MoO3+25H O
^1 sol m H O (Fnedheim and Kellei )

288

COBALTIMOLYBDATE, COBALTOUS POTASSIUM

Cobaltous potassium cobalfomolybdate,

CoO, 3K20, CoO2, 10MoO8+10H20
(Kurnakoff, Ch Z 1890, 14 113 )

+11H20 Sol in cone HC1 Decomp by
KOH+Aq and by NaOH-f Aq (Fnedheim
and Keller )

3KA CoO, Co02, 12Mo03+15H20 SI
sol in H20 Sol in cone HC1 Decomp by
KOH+Aq and by NaOH+Aq (Fnedheim
and Keller )

+20H20 (Kurnakoff, Ch Z 1890, 14
113)

Potassium cobaltimolybdate,

3K20, CoO,,
Ppt (HaU, J Am Chem Soc 1907, 29
703)

Cobaltinitrocyanhydnc acid

Potassium cobaltmitrocyanide,

K4Co8(CN)8N02+3H20
Very sol in H20 but quickly decomp
Insol ni alcohol (Rosenheun and Kop-

pel, Z anorg 1898, 17 68 )

Silver cobaltimtrocyanide,

Co2Ag5N02(CN)io4- 6H20, and +21H2O
(Rosenheim and Koppel )

Sodium cobaltimtrocyanide,

Na6Co4(N02)(C]N)1o+llH20
Very deliquescent Sol in HoO (Rosen-
heun and Koppel )

Cobaltisulplmroiis acid, H6Co2(SO3)a

Not obtained m a solid state (Berglund,
Acta Lund 1872 )

Cobaltisulphites

The cobaltisulphites are msol 01 at least
very si sol in H20 (Berglund, Acta Lund
1872 23 )

Ammonium cobaltous cobaltisulphite,

(NH4)2S03, 2CoS03, Co2(S03)3 +

Scarcely sol m H^O, but decomp theieby
Easily sol in acids, when finely divided,

also m H2S03 +Aq f Berglund )
2(NH4)2S08, CoS03, Co(SO)3+8H20 =

(NH4)4CoCo2(SO3)6+8H,0 ^ above

(Berglund )

Barium cobaltisulphite 3BabO3, Co
12H20 = Ba3Co2(feOOo + 12H O
Ppt Insol m H2O Not attacked by cold
acids even H2SO4, but is decomp by boiling
therewirth (Berglund, Acta Lund 1872 )

Bismuth cobaltisulphite, Bi2Co2(SOs)6

Insol in H20, dil HNO3, or HCl+Aq
(Berglund, Acta Lund 1872 31 )

Calcium cobaltisulphite, Ca8Co2(SO)3)8

Ppt Insol m H20 or HCl+Aq (Berg
lund, Acta Lund 1872 30 )

Cobaltous cobaltisulphite, Co3Co2(SOs)6

3CoS03, Co2(S03)3
Ppt (Berglund, B 7 470 )

Cobaltous potassium cobalfcsulphite,

CoK4Co2(S03)6
Insol in H20 (Berglund )

Silver cobaltisulphite, Co2(S03)3, 3Ag2SO
Properties as the following comp (Berg
lund)

Silver cobaltous cobaltisulphite, CoSOs,

Co2(S03)«, 2Ag2S03+9H20
Insol in H2O Insol m HN03+Aq DC
comp by HC1 or H2S+Aq (Berglund)

Sodium cobaltous cobaltisulphite

Decomp by H2O, so that it has not bee
obtained pure (Berglund, Acta Lund 1875
29)

Cobaltoctamme sulphurous acid
See Octamrne cobaltisulphurous acid

Cobaltocobalticyanhydnc acid,

HaCo,(CN)u

Unstable (Jackson and Comey, Am CI:
J 1897 19, 277 )

Barium cobaltocobalticyamde,

BaHCo3(CN)n+l^H20
Somewhat sol in H20 when pure
The crude salt is msol oven in hot HgC
(Jackson and Comey )

Cupnc cobaltocobalticyamde, Cu3Co0(CN)

-f4H20
Ppt ( Jackson and Come y )

Potassium hydrogen cobaltocobalticyamde

K2HCoJ(CN)11+2H2O
SI bol in cold cibily sol in hot H/)
Insol m alcohol (Jackson ind Comey )
KH2Co3(CN)u+H2O Iiibol m cold c

hot H20 when impure

The pure salt it> slowly sr>l in cold H2C
More sol in warm H 0 ( Jackson an

Comey )

Silver cobaltocobalticyamde, VgdCo3(CN)

+HO

Ppt (Jackson and Comey, B 1896, 2<
1021)

Zinc cobaltocobalticyanide, ZnHCo3(CN)

4-3H2O
Ppt (Jackson and Comey )

COLUMBATE, MANGANOUS

289

Cobaltocyanhydnc acid, H4Co(CN)6

Very unstable Sol in H20 Insol in
alcohol

Cuprous potassium cobaltocyamde,

K8CuCo(CN)6
(Straus, Z anorg 1895, 9 17 )

Potassium cobaltocyamde, K4Co(CN)e

Decomp on air Very deliquescent, and
sol in H20 Insol in alcohol and ether
(Descamps, Zeit Ch 1868 952 )

Cobaltous acid

Barium cobaltite, BaCo08

Insol in H20 or dil HC2H30.j+Aq Sol
in HCl+Aq (Rousseau, C R 109 64 )

BaCo2Ofi As above (Rousseau )

Cobaltous potassium cobaltite, 3Co02, CoO,
K20

Rapidly hydrolysed by H2O

Sol in cone HC1 (Bellucci, Chem Soc
1907, 92, (2) 354 )

Magnesium cobaltite, MgCoO8

Insol m H20, NH4OH. or (NH4)2CO3+Aq
Easily sol in NH4Cl+Aq, from which it is
pptd by KOH+Aq (Beraehus, Pogg 33
126)

Sol in HF, HC1, HN03+H2SO4, decomp
and partially dissolved by NH4OH+Aq, quite
stable when heated (Dufau, C R 1896,
123 240)

Potassium cobaltite

According to Bellucci and Domimci the
compounds formerly described are more or
less decomp by hydrolysis (C C 1907
I, 1530 )

Sodium cobaltite

Sol in NaOH+Aq, but pptd by diluting
the solution

Columbia acid (Niobic acid), 3Cb206,
4H20, or 3Cb2O6, 7H2O

Fasily sol in HF, very si sol in HCH-Aq,
but is sol in H20 after being treated with
HCl+Aq Sol in cone H2S04 Sol m
KOH+Aq Insol m NaOH+Aq, but be-
comes sol m H20 by being treated with
NaOH+Aq Sol m boiling Na2C08+Aq
(Rose, Pogg 113 109 )

Insol m liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 830 )

Cb206, 4H 0

Cb205, 7H2O (Santesson, Bull Soc (2)
24 52)

Aluminum columbate, A1208, 3Cb2O6+12H20
Ppt (E F Smith, J Am Chem Soc
1908,30 1652)

Barium columbate, 7BaO, 6Cb2O6+18H20
Ppt (Bedford, J Am Chem Soc 1905,
27 1218)

Cadmium columbate, CdO, Cb206

Sol in boiling cone H2S04, insol in most
acids, decomp by HKS04 at red heat (Lars-
son, Z anorg 1896, 12 199 )

+3KH20 Ppt (E F Smith, J Am
Chem Soc 1908, 30 1652 )

Caesium cojumbate, 4Cs20, 3Cb206+14H20
Very sol in H20 (E F Smith, J Am

Chem Soc 1908, 30 1654)
7Cs20, 6Cb205+30H2O Ppt (E F

Smith, J Am Chem Soc 1908, 30 1655 )

Calcium columbate, 2CaO, Cb2O6
Insol in H2O ( Joly, C R 81 266 )
CaO, Cb205 Sol in boiling cone H2S04,
insol in most acids, decomp by HKS04 at
red heat (Larsson, Z anorg 1896, 12 198 )

Cobalt columbate, CoO, Cb206

Sol in cone boiling H2S04, insol m most
acids, decomp by HKS04atredheat (Lars-
son)

Copper columbate, CuO, Cb205

Sol in boiling cone H2S04, insol in most
acids, decomp by HKS04 at red heat (Lars-
son )

+3^H20 Ppt (E F Smith, J Am
Chem Soc 1908, 30 1652 )

Iron (ferrous) columbate, Fe(Cb08)2
Mm Columbiie Insol in acids

Iron (ferrous) columbate tantalate,

zFe(Ta08)2, 2/Fe(Cb03)2
Min Tantahte Not attacked by acids
Fe(Cb03)2, 4Fe(TaO3)2 Mm Tapiohte

Lithium columbate, 7Li2O, 6Cb206+26H2O
Ppt (E F Smith, J Am Chem Soc
1908, 30 1655 )

Magnesium columbate, MgO, Cb20g

Sol in boiling cone H2S04, msol m most
acids, decomp by KHS04 at red heat (Lars-
son, Z anorg 1896, 12 196 )

+4H2O Piecipitate (Riramelsbcrg )
+7H2O Ppt (E F Smith, J Am
Chem Soc 1908, 30 1651 )

4MgO, Cb20fi Insol in H2O (Joly, C R
81 266)
3MgO, Cb206 As above

Manganous columbate
Insol m H20 (Joly, C R 81 ?66 )
3MnO,5Cb2Ofi Sol in boiling cone H2SO4,
msol in most acids, decomp by HKS04 at
red heat (Larsson, Z anorg 1896, 12 201 )

290

COLUMBATE, POTASSIUM

Potassium columbate, KCbOs

Sol in H2O (Joly, in Fremy's Encyc Ch
K2Cb407+5^H20 Insol in HoO (San

tesson )

K2Cb6Oi6+5H20 Nearly insol inF20
K4Cb207-f-llH20 Insol in H20 (San-

tesson, Bull Soc (2) 24 53 )
K4Cb8022+llH20 (Santesson )
KeCb4Oi8+13H20 Sol in H20
K8Cb6Oio+16H20 Efflorescent Sol in

H20 (Marignac, A ch (4) 8 20 )

Very sol in H20 (E F Smith, J Am

Chem Soc 1908, 30 1652 )
K14Cbi2O37+27H20 Sol in H20 Insol

in alcohol (E F Smith )
K16Cbi4048+32H20 Sol in H20

Potassium sodium columbate, 3K20, Na20

3Cb206+9H20
Very slightly sol inH20 Insol in alkalies
(Mangnac )

Rubidium columbate, 3Rb20, 4Cb2064-

(E F Smith, J Am Chem Soc 1908, 30
1655)

4Rb20 3Cb206+14H20 Very sol in H20
(E F Smith)

Silver columbate, Ag20, Cb205-f 2H20

Ppt (E F Smith)

7Ag20, 6Cb206-i-5H20 Insol in H20
(Bedford, J Am Chem Soc 1905, 27 1218 )

Sodium columbate, NaCb03-i-3^H20
Completely sol in H20 (Rose)
Ppt (E F Smith, J Am Chem Soc 1908,

30 1651)

+2H&20 gj soi m cold uao Insol in

NaOH + Aq (Santesson )

2Na20, 3Cb2O5-f-9H20 Insol m H20 or
NaOH +Aq (Santesson )

8Na20, 7Cb2Ofi 1 pt is sol in 195-200 pts
H20 at 14-20°, m ether 75-80 pts or in 103
pts boiling water (Rose )

7Na20, 6Cb205+32H20 Very stable

Sol m H2O (Bedford, J Am Chem Soc
1905, 27 1217 )

Thorium columbate, 5Th20, 16Cb/)6

Sol m boiling cone H2SO4, insol m most
acids, decomp by HKSO4 at red heat (Lars-
son, Z anorg 1896, 12 202 )

Yttrium columbate, Y208, Cb 06
Jnsol m H20 (Joly, C R 81 12bl )
Sol m boiling cone H2S04, msol in most

acids, decomp by HKS04 at red heat (Lars-

;Zinc columbate, ZnO, Cb206

Sol in boiling cone H2S04, msol m most
acids, decomp by HKS04 at red heat (Lars-
sson)

7ZnO, 6Cb2064-25F20 Insol m H20
(Bedford, J Am Chem Soc 1905, 27 1218

Zirconium columbate, Zr02, 5Cb205

Sol in boiling cone H2S04, insol in mos
acids, decomp by HKS04 at red heat (Lars
son)

Percolumbic acid
See Percolumbic acid

Columbium (Niobium), Cb

Scarcely attacked by HC1, HN03, or aqu*
regia Cone H2SO4 dissolves easily on warm

»1 in fused oxidizing agents, sol in ho
cone H2S04 and m HF, also m HF+HNOa
msol in other acids (Moissan, C R 1901
133 24)

Columbium pewtabromide, CbCr6
(Rose, Pogg 104 422 )

Columbium carbide nitride, 3CbC, 2CbN
(Joly, Bull Soc (2) 25 506 )

Columbium ^nchlonde, CbCls

Not deliquescent, not attacked by H«jO
but easily oxidised by HNOi 4- ^q Insol n
NH4OH+Aq (Roscoe, C N 37 25 )

Columbium pentacblonde, CbCU

Decomp by H^O with scpaiation of
hydrate of Cb2O5 Sol m cold HCl-f-Aq
forming a solution which soon g< 1 itinibcs, me
separates out Ch OB by heat 01 dilution, wit!
tiot HCl+Aq, foimb i cloudy solution whitl
does not gelatinise Sol m If SOt to foim
clear liquid which goUtimses on h< itmp; h>ol
in KOH-f-\q Sol in iloohol \\ith sligln
residue (Ro&e, Pogg 104 { i2 )

Columbium j

Very hydrosoopie, sol in If O withoiii
sep nation of ( oluinhn md (Kufi, 13 1()0*>
42 492)

Columbium fluoride with MF
Sec Fluocolumbate, M

Columbium hydride, (1bJI(>)

Insol niHCl, UNO,, ind dil HS(),H-\(|
^ven on boiling Sol in boiling cone II SO
and m fu&ed KI1S()4 Sol in «>M 111 4- \<
f not too dilute Mso attidvid b> KOffH
Aq (Mingnif N" Vich Plus Nit 31 S9

Not att u kcd by boiling II^O, or boiling

Oxidizod by hot H SO, Insol in boiling
HNO3 (Muthmaun, A 1()()7, 355 90 )

Columbium hydroxide Cb Oc, rlljO
See Columbic acid

COPPER

201

Columbmm nitride

Not attacked by boibng nitric acid or aqua
regia. but sol in a cold mixture of HNOa and

TTTTl fTl T> 444 JM.XI v

HF

' (Rose, Pogg 111 426 )

sNs Not attacked by boiling H20

or

2
HC1 Insol in cone HNO8, and H2S04

Decomp byfusedKOH Not attacked by
boihng with KOH+Aq (Muthmann, A
1907, 355 94 )

Columbium cfooxide, Cb202

Sol when still moist in boiling dil HC1+
Aq Insol m hot HNO3, less sol in aqua
regia than m HCl+Aq Sol in cone H2S04
after long heating (Rose )

Insol m H20, KOH, or c_onc acids, even
when boihng (Delafontame )

Cohtmbmm inoxide, Cb2O3

Insol m acids except HF (Smith, Z
anorg 1894, 7 28 )

Columbium tefroxxde, Cb2O4

Not attacked by cold or hot H20, HC1,
HNO3, H2SO4, or aqua regia Slightly at-
boihng KOH+Aq (Delafon-

Coltunbium oxyfluonde, CbOF4
(Joly, C R 81 1266 )

Columbium oxyfluonde uith MF

See Fluoxycolumbate, and Fluoryhypo-
columbate, M

tacked by
taine )

Columbium pent oxide, Cb2O5

When ignited insol in hot cone HoS04
When it has not been ignited it forms a clear
solution with H2SO4, which can be diluted
without forming any precipitate (Rose,
Pogg 112 549)

Sol m fused KHSO4, which can be diluted
with H2O without causing pptn Insol m
HF

Columbmm oxybromide, CbOBrs

Decomp by H 2O into Cb20<i and HBr Sol

in hot H2SO4 and cone HCl+Aq (Rose,

Pogg 104 442 ) _ , ,

3H20, Cb204, HBr(?) Easily sublimed

(Smith, Z anorg 1894, 7 97 )

Columbium oxybromide rubidium bromide,
CbOBr3, 2RbBr

Unstible in moist air Deoomp by H 0
(Womldnd, B l<)0b 39 3059 )
Columbium oxychlonde, CbOCl3

Attracts H2O from air without deliquescing
and decomposed Decomp with H20 with
evolution of heat Insol m hot or cold I HC1+
Aq Sol by long contact with H2SO4 to a
cloudy liquid, which clears up on warming,
but soon sop irates out Cb206 Sol m cold
KOII+Aq md hot KCO,+ iq (Rose)

Sol m alcohol, from which it is precipitated
by ether (Blomstrand ) /ami*h

3H20, Cb204, HC1 Sublimate (Smith,
Z anorg 1894, 7 97 )
Columbium oxychlonde rubidium chlonde,
CbOCls, 2RbCl

Decomp by H2O (Wemland, B 1906,
39 3057 )

Columbium oxysulphide, < *_,.

Insol in boiling HCl-j-A.q Skroh decomp
uito Cb 06 by boihng with HXOj or aqua
regia Insol m boding dil H*SO4-f \a
Converted into columbic sulphate, sol m HS0,
by boihng cone H2SO4 SI sol in hot HF
Insol m boiling KjS+Aq (Rose, Pogg 111
193)

Copper, Cu

Copper is not attacked bv distilled H2O, or
by NH4N08, KNO3, or (NHOsSC^+Aq, or bj
a mixture of those salts in solution (Mmr,
cited by Carnelly, Chem Soc 30 1 )

Distilled H20 has shght action on Cu 100
ecm H20 dissolved from 2 sq dcm Cu from
0 035 mg Cu m one hour up to 0 280 mg m
72 hours 100 ccm H20 dissolved 044 mg
from 6 sq dcm m 48 hours Presence of
solder diminishes solubility about one-half
At 90-100° the amount dissolved is about one-
half that at ord temp (Carnelle^, Chem
Soc 30 1)

100 ccm distilled HO dissolved onlv 1
mg Cu from 11 8 sq cm during a week while
air free from C02 was conducted through the
solution When the air contained CO 3 me;
were dissolved (Wagner, Dmgl 221 259 )

100 1 sea water dissolved 12 96 g Cu from
1 sq m (Calvert and Johnson, C N 11
171)

Solubility in H2S04

Not attacked by dil H S04- ±q
Schw J 32 SOI )

Action of H S04 at ordinarv temp

ven

rxvjuivi-i vi *••>• f-'v./ 4 »*», v. — — — — 4-

slight even after a long time i Barruel J

Cah ert

Pharm 20 13 [1834] )

H2S04 has no action belo\s loO
and Johnson, Chem Soc 19 4^s \

H S04 acts slighth e\ en at 20
163 g HS04 <1 843 sp gr > di^ohed the
following amtb from 3 g Cu ha\ins; a
surfice of 65 *>q cm it tht ei\en temp

Temp

Time

~ Cu d uNea

19°

14da\s

\bout

h

60

120 mm

2 5

80

30 '

1 •>

100

30

^ 1

124
130

30

30 '

22 7

i 32 h

137

30 '

3o 0

150

30

hQ 2

170

10 '

ol f*

-

195

2

•):> "3

_

220
270

y2 «
few second^

70 a
nearh

100

292

COPPER

With dilute acid the action was much less
violent, as is seen m the following table —

Tern

Time

Acid

Sp gr

% Cu
dissolved

100°

30mm

H2SO4

1 843

2 380

100

30

2H2SO4, H20

1 8295

0 585

100

30

H2S04, H20

1 780

0

100
130

30
30

H2S04, 2H20
H2S04

1 620

1 843

0
32 6

130

30

H2S04, H20

1 780

1 18

130
165

30
15

H2S04. 2H20
H2S04

1 620

1 843

0
70

165

30

H2S04, H20

1 780

16 5

165

30 '

H2S04, 2H20

1 620

2 7

(Pickering, Chem Soc 33 112 )

Cu is very si attacked by cold HCl-f-Aq of
1 12 sp gr , but somewhat more on warming
Even less sol in dil HCl+Aq (Lowe, Z
anal 4 361 )

Sol in warm cone HI+Aq (Rose)

Slowly attacked by H2S08+Aq (Causse,
Bull Soc (2) 45 3 )

More or less sol malldil mineral acids and
also in organic acids, as acetic, tartaric, etc ,
when supply of air is afforded, but absolutely
msol in the latter acids when an- is wholly
excluded The importance of this fact in the
use of Cu cooking utensils is manifest

Fasily attacked bv ord HNO3-f-Aq

With very cone HNOs+Aq (sp gr 1 52) it
becomes passive, as in the case of Fe

Pure dil HNO3+Aq of 1 07 sp gr 01 less
does not attack Cu at 20°, but if N02 01
KN02, is added the action begins at once If
HNOs+Aq is more cone the Cu is attacked
HNOs+Aq of 1 108 sp gr begins to act at
-2°, and of 1 217 sp gr at -10°

HNO8-|-Aq of 1 512 sp gr attacks Cu vio-
lently at 20°, but action soon ceasos on ac-
count of foimation of a ciust of Cu(NO3) ,
msol in pure HNO3 (Millon, A ch (3) 6
95)

Easily bol in 2N-HClOj+Aq it 50°
(Hcneimson, J \n\ Chem Soe 1904, 26
750)

Not appreci ibly sol m inh>diou& II I<
(Poulenc, \ ch 1804, (7) 2 12)

\\hcn in contact with the in, Cu is soon
oxidised bv icids, ilkalus (<spc cully NH4OH
-f Aq), and m inv f itty bodies

Sol in (NH4) COj+Aq (lraubc,B 18
18S7 )

Slowly bol in NH4OH+Aq (Schonbcin,
B \ 13 1856 5SO)

Sol in KI-j-Aq when \\aim and cone
(Rose )

\\ h( n finel} divided, Cu is c isily sol in hot
*eCl,4-Aq

Action of dilute solutions of salts on solul '-
ity of Cu in H2O
100 com solution of the following salts c ;-
solve the amts of Cu given below, fron a
surface of 1 sq dcm in 48 hours

Salts

G salt dissolved
in 100 ccm HaO

Mg Cu di
sohed

H2O

0 11

KN03

0 01
0 05
5 00

0 07
0 13
0 16

NaN08 |

0 05
5 00

0 18
0 19

CaS04

0 05

0 11

K2S04

0 05
5 00

0 12

0 28

MgS04 *

0 05
5 00

0 16
0 34

{
Na2CO3

0 01
0 05
5 00

0 05
0 11
2 80

K,CO, {

0 05
5 00

0 14
2 35

NaCl

0 01
0 05
5 00

0 05
0 18
7 50

KC1

r) 00

8 17

(NH4) &04

0 05
5 00

0 66
2S 50

NH4NO,

0 01
0 05
5 00

0 17
0 06
(>() 00

NH4C1

0 ()r>
r> 00

0 02

158 75

At 100° the ution of KNO3, K2SO4,
NII4NC)3 is diminished while thil
(NH4) SO4, Na COa, uul NiCl is mere

labks tre also given foi mixtures ol
above silts (Cunelhy Chem Soc 3C

Solubility of Cu in dilute silt solut ns

11 S sq cm Cu \\eic used, and the i ion
contmueel erne. wuK., while air \\ith or wit out
COj was passed through the solution
tmually

nd
of
eel
the
1 )

on-

CUPROUS ACETYLIDE IODIDE

293

100 ccm solution of the following salts dis-
solved the given amts Cu

m 110 cc dissolves 02050-02279 g Cu
Turrentine, J phys Chem 1907, 11 525 )
SI attacked b> liquid NHa (Franklm,
Am Ch J 1898, 20 827 )

Amts Cu dissohed bj action of \anous oils
on 8 sq m Cu bj 10 da\s* exposure and
subsequent 67 da\s —

Salt

G salt dis
solved m
100 ccm HsO

Mg Cu dis
sohed with
out COa

Mg Cu
djssohed
with CDs

NaCl
KC1
MgCl2
NH4C1
K2SO4
KN08
Na2CO8
NaOH
CaO2H2

0 50
0 50
0 83
1 00
1 00
1 00
1 00
0 923
sat

4
4
5
904
0
0
0
0
0

115
115
112

138
4
3

jinseed oil
)hve oil
Colza oil
Almond oil
Seal oil
Sperm oil
Uastor oil
Sfeatsfoot oil
Sesame oil
Paraffine oil

\mt Cu dis
sched m 10 da\s

\im Cudiesohed
in subsequent t57
da>«

0 3000 grain
02200 "
0 0170 "
0 1030 "
0 0485 "
0 0030 "
0 0065 "
0 1100 "
0 1700 "
0 0015 "

0 2435 grain
0 0200
0 1230
0 1170
0 0315
0 0575
0 0035

0 0015 "

(Wagner, Dmgl 221 260 )

Distilled H20 dissolved no Cu from 420 sq
mm in 150 hours at ord temp
NHJSIOa-KAq with less than 0 4 g per litre
showed the same result
KNO3+Aq or (NH4)2SC>4.+Aq contain-
ing 0 1 to 0 2 g per litre dissolved no Cu
H2O containing carbonates -f nitrates, car-
bonates -f-sulphates, or chlorides +mtrates
also dissolved no Cu
NH4NO8+Aq containing 04 g per litre
dissolved 3 mg per litre after 150 hours
contact
From a surface of 2100 sq m of Cu, H20
charged with C02 at ord pressure, and con-
taining the following salts in solution, dis-
solved the given amts Cu m 120 hours

(Watson, C N 36 200 )

Qualitative results of the action of various
oils on Cu are also given bj Thompson
(C N 34 176, 200, 219 )
% ccm oleic acid dissolves 0 0157 g Cu
in 6 days (Gates, J ph\s Chem 1911,
15 143)
Sol in an alkaline solution of gelatine ^3 54
%) copper gauze dissohed m 4S hour^
(Lidoff, C C 1899, II 471 ^

Salt

G salt dissoh ed
m I 1 H20

Mg Cu
dissolved

H20

1 0

K2COS

0 2

0 2

CaCl2

0 2

1 80

NH4N03

0 02

1 40

NH4N03

0 04

1 40

K2C03+ [

0 1

NH4NO3 1

0 02

1 00

K2C03+

0 2

NH4NO3 1

0 04

0 1

NH4N08+

0 2

CaCl2 1

0 2

3 6

From a surface of 2100 sq m , H20 charged
with CO2 at pressure of 6 atmos dissolved 0 6
mg m 48 hours

H2O when charged with CO at 6 atmos and
containing

16 mg NH4N03 per litre, dissolved 0 8 mg
in 48 hours

80 mg NH4NO3 per litre, dissolved 1
mg in 48 hours

40 mg K2C03, per litre, dissolved 1 2 mg
in 48 hours (Muir, Proc Soc Manchester
16 31 )

Sol in KCN+Aq (Goyder, C N 1894
69 262)

A solution of (NH4) 2S208 containing 0 829 g

Cuprous acetylide, Cu C2

Decomp by heating with H 0 or KCX-r
;q Decomp by HXO3 (Reiser, Ajn Ch

1892, 14 289 )

Not decomp b> ESS04, XH4OH, KOH -»-
Aq or acetic acid, e\en on warming The
dr> salt is sol in \erv dil HC1^\Q without
evolution of gas Sol m cone KC\-<-^q
(Bottger, \ 1859, 109 356 )

Cupnc acetylide, CuC

Easily sol m HC1 Turns brown m the air
and becomes insol in acids ^Phillips, Z
anorg 1894, 6 241 )

3Cu4CsO+2HO 3olubuit\ aa that of
Cuad H403 (Soderbaum B 1S97 30 7b4 ;

Cu8C,7H403 Insol in HO

\\hen dr> is violent h decomp b\ cone
H2S04 or not too dil H\08 Rapidh de-
comp b\ \\arnnng ^ith dil acids e-peciall\

HC1

Insol m \H4OH+A.q m iWnee of ur
partialh sol in preseru e 01 an

Insol m organic sohents (^oderbaum
B 1897, 30 762 )

Cuprous acetylide iodide, Cu C I Cul

Ppt (Berthelot and Delepme A. ch
1900, (7) 19 54 )

294

CUPRIC ARSENIDE

(Kane,

Cupnc arsenide,

(Reinsch, J pr 24 244 )

Cu4As2 (Gehlen )

Cu3As2 Ppt Decomp by acids
Pogg 44 471 )

CujjAs Mm Domeykite Insol in HC
+Aq, sol in HN08

CueAs Mm Algodonite

CugAs Mm Darwimte

Cuprous azourude, CuN3

Insol m H20 (Curtius )

Sensitive to sunlight (Wohler, B
46 2053 )

1913,

Cupnc azoumde, basic, CuO, CuN6
Insol in H20 (Wohler, B 1913, 46 2055 )

Cupnc azoumde, CuN6
Very explosive
Very si sol in H20

with H20 (Curtius,

296)

Decomp by boiling
J pr 1898, (2) 58

Copper azoumde ammonia, CoN6, 2NH3

Ppt Insol in H20 Easily sol in dil
acids (Dennis, J Am Chem Soo 1907
29, 19 )

Copper bonde, Cu8B2

(Marsden, J B , 1880 330 )

Cuprous bromide, Cu2Br2

1 1 H2O dissolves at 18°-20°
0 4320 milhmols bromine
0 3157 " cupric copper
0 1061 " cuprous copper
(Bodlander, Z anorg 1902, 31 460 )

Sol in HBr, HC1 without decomp or
HN08+Aq with decomp, also m NH4OH
+Aq Insol in boiling cone H2SO4 or
HC2H302-fAq (Berthemot, A ch 44 385)

Sol in H2S03-j-Aq (lean and What-
mough, Chem Soc 1898, 73 151 )

Sol in NaCl, and Na2S2O3+Aq (Re-
nault, C R 59 319 )

Solubility of Cu2Br2 m KBr+Aq
All values recorded in milhmols per litre

KBr

Total copper

Cupne
copper

Cuprous
copper

25

0 119

0 012

0 107

40

0 200

o on

0 187

60

0 310

0 025

0 285

80

0 423

0 012

0 411

100

0 5836

0 5836

120

0 6934

0 6934

500

8 719

8 719

(Bodlander and Storbeck, Z anorg 1902, 31
4b2)

Difficultly sol in methyl acetate (Nau
mann, B 1909, 42 3790 )

Sol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B 1910
43 314 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann. B 1904
37 4329, Eidmann, C C 1897, II 1014 )

100 g acetomtnle dissolve 3 86 g Cu2Br
at 18° (Naumann and Schier, B 1914, 47
249 )

Sol in pyndine (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4609 )

Mol weight determined in pyridine
methyl and ethyl sulphides (Werner, Z
anorg 1897, 16 19, 26, and 28 )

Cupnc bromide, CuBr2

Deliquescent Very sol m H20 Insol 11
benzene (Franchimont, B 16 387 )

Very si attacked by cold or even ho
H2S04 (Viard, C R 1902, 135 169 )

Moderately sol in liquid NH8 (Horr
Am Ch J 1908, 39 219 )

100 g 95% formic acid dissolve 0 16 g a
21° (Aschan, Ch Z 1913,37 1117)

100 g acetonitrile dissolve 24 43 g CuB]
at 18° (Naumann and Schier, B 1914, 4!
249 )

Sol in benzomtrile (Naumann, B 191'
47 1369)

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, I
1909,42 3790)

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904. 3
4328 )

Sol in acetone with a brown color (Eic
mann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

+2H20(?) (Berthemot, A ch 183!
44 385 )

+4H20 Veiy sol in H2O (Sabatie
Bull Soc 1894, (3) 11 677 )

Cupnc hydrogen bromide, CuBr , HBr
2H20

Decomp by H/) (Sabatier Bull So
1894, (3) 11 681 )

-flOH2O (Wemland and Knoll, Z anor
1905, 44 116 )

Cupnc lithium bromide, CuBr2, 21 iBr -f-6H <
Very hydroscopic ( Semen tschenko.

anorg 1899, 19 336 )

Very hydroscopic, decorrp by H2(

(Kurnakoff, C C 1899, I 16 )

lupnc potassium bromide, CuBr2, KBr
Decomp by H 0 (babatier, Bull Sc
1894, (3) 11 b83 )

Cuprous bromide ammonia, Cu2Br2, 2NH,

Stable when dry

Easily sol m HN03 and NH«OH+A
Other mineral acids and acetic acid stpar *
u Br2 (Richaids, Z anoig 1898,17 24 )

Cu2Br2, 6NH3 (Lloyd )

Cu2Br2, 3NH8 (Lloyd, J phys Che
1908, 12 399 )

CUPROUS CHLORIDE

295

Cupnc bromide ammonia, CuBr2, 2NH8

Sol in NHJir+Aq without decomp
(Richards, B 23 3790 )

3CuBr2, 10NH3 Decomp by H2O
(Richards, Am Ch J 16 651 f

CuBr2, 3NH8 Completely sol in a little
H20, but is decomp by dilution Insol in
alconol (Rammelsberg, Pogg 65 246 )

CuBr2, 4NHs+H2O 100 pts H20 dis-
solve 69 03 pts CuBr2, 4NH3 at 25° (Pud-
schies. Dissert )

CuBr2, 5NH3 As above (Rammels-

Solubility in HCl+Aq at 17°

Cu2Cl2
— -

tn

Total
Cu

CuCb
by
analysis.

Cl

CuCli
cilc

Cu2Cl
by
analysis

20 2
19 6
19 3

2 752
2 919
2 971
2 861

2 124
2 254
2 294
2 245

5 672
5 525
5 464
5 464

0 628
0 665
0 677
0 616

0 420
0 474
0 499

(BodHndei, Z anorg 1902, 31 12 )

Solubility of Cu2Cl; in H20 m \n atmosphere

ofC02
Solubility is recorded in mg-atoms per 1

tion

CuCl2 in mgs in 10 ccm solu-
HCl=mols HCl in ditto

Br2, 6NH8 Sol m small amts of H2O,
but decomp on dilution (Richards )

Cupnc bromide nitric oxide, CuBr2, NO

Decomp by H20 (Manchot, B 1914,
47 1607)

Cuprous chloride, Cu2Cl2

1 53 g Cu2Cl2 dissolve m 100 g H20 at
21 5°, 1 55 g at 26 5° (Kremann and Noss,
M 1912,33 1206)

Solubility of Cu2Cl2 m H20 in an atmosphere

of hydrogen
Solubility is recorded in mg-atoms per 1

CuaCla
2

HCl

Sp gr

0 475
1 4
1 575
4 5
8 25
11 5

8 975
15 7
18 2
34 5

47 8
57 0

1 050

1 080
1 135

(Chafcelier, calc by Engel, A ch (6) 17 377 )
Solubility of Cu2Cl2 m HCl+Ao at 0°

CuaCh

2

HCl

Sp gr

1 5

17 5

1 049

2 9

26 0

1 065

8 25

44 75

1 132

15 5

68 5

1 261

33 0

104 0

1 345

(Engel, I c )

Freshly pptd Cu2Cl2 is sol m H2S08+Aq
(Lean and Whatmough, Chem Soc 1898,

73 150)

SI sol m normal NH4OH+Aq only by
shaking several hours, a 0 02 normal solution
of cuprous copper being obtained (Gaus,
Z anorg 1900, 25 258 )

Insol m Na2S206+Aq (Siewert, Gm K

6 1, 893 )

Sol in alkyl triphosphites (Arbusoff,

C C 1906, II 750 )

Solubility m FeCl2, 4H2O+Aq at 21 5°

CuCl

Cu Cl

In 100 g HO

.

Total

b\

Cl

bv

Cu Cl

Solid phase

( u

in il\ sis

in ilvtsis

calf

k leCI

t Cu Cl

20 6

2 SIS

5 235

0 525

1 535

Cu,Cl,

21 7

2 805

2 243

5 430

0 516

0 562

b 015

1 33

2 880

2 258

5 312

0 3()1

0 f>62

11 b2

1 SI

19 7

2 805

2 158

5 300

0 335

0 (>67

1(> 30

ot -£r\cc

3 11

71 OK

(Bodlandcr, 1 c )

Jo oUo
29 35

L&O

8 06

33 125

9 565

Sol m cone HCl-f-Aq, insol in dil HNOS,

43 75

12 44

or H2S04+Aq Not attacked by cold cone

54 00

17 04

H2SO4, and only si on warming (Rosen-
feld, B 12 954) Sol m NH4OH+Aq, sol
in hot NaCl, KC1, FeCl3, ZnCl2, MnCl2, etc
+Aq 1 mol Na2S203 in aqueous solution dis-

66 40
73 20
71 895
69 34

21 60
23 20
21 655
11 895

Cu2Cl2+FeC]2 4H20
led. 4H,0

solves 1 mol Cu2Cl2 (Wmkl r, J pr 88

65 10

428) Sol in KI, I2, KCN, or (NH4)2S04 +
Aq (Renault, C R 59 558 )

(Kremann and Noss, M 1912, 33 1208 )

296

CUPROUS CHLORIDE

Solubility of Cu2Cl2 m KCl-hAq at t° De-

Solubility of Cu2Cl2-f KCl m H 0 at 22° —

termined m an atmosphere of CO;

Continued

t°

g mol KCl per 1

g atoms Cu per 1

G in 1 g of solution

18 3

0 05

0 002411

CuaCh

KCl

Solid Phase

16

0 1

0 004702

16

0 2

0 009458

0 1621

0 2330

CuClo

19 2

1 0

0 0970

0 1723

0 2384

c

16 4

2 0

0 3840

0 1907

0 2374

t

001 A Q

OOK1 A

t

(Bodlander and Storbeck, Z anorg 1902, 31

17)

AJLrrO

0 2145
0 2149

^OlO

0 2506
0 2549

Cu2Cl2-fCu2Clo, 4KC1
Cu2Cl2, 4KC1

0 1548

0 2387

*

Solubility of Cu2Cl2 in KCl-hAq at t° De-
termined in an atmosphere of CO 2
All values recorded in millimols per htre

0 1473
0 1399
0 1439

0 2363
0 2357
0 2389

c

t
c

0 1451

0 2363

t

t°

KCl

Cupnc

Total

Cuprous
copper

Cl

0 1155

0 2320

(

copper

copper

calc

0 1139

0/V\prO

0 2350

OOQKQ

c
(

20°

0

2 222

2 851

0 629

5 436

uyoo
0 0735

zooy
0 2349

f

19

1

1 901

2 385

0 484

5 287

0 0555

0 2389

t

19

2

1 571

2 150

0 589

5 614

0 0453

0 2404

t

19

2 5

1 421

1 955

0 534

6 015

0 0366

0 2433

t

19

3

1 523

1 983

0 460

6 247

0 0314

0 2503

t

16

5

1 COS

1 522

0 514

7 525

0 0285

0 2499

t

18

10

0 475

1 236

0 761

11 735

0 0265

0 2523

t

20

15

0 322

1 344

1 022

16 437

0 0220

0 2628

I

19

20

0 324

1 446

1 122

21 356

0 0193

0 2687

(

19

30

0 1308

1 761

1 630

31 911

0 017b

0 2698

t

18

50

0 10S8

2 411

2 302

0 0193

0 2703

Cu2Cl , 4KC1+KCI

16

100

0

4 702

4 702

0 0160

0 2706

KCl

16

200

0

9 485

9 485

0 0124

0 266S

t

19

1000

0

97 0

97 0

0 0058

0 2632

t

16

2000

0

384 0

384 0

0 0000

0 2568

t

(Bodlander and Stoi beck, Z anoig 1902,31
-24)

Solutions of 005=04 normal KCl dis-
solve Cu2Cl2 with the formation of KCuCl2,
those of higher concentration with the forma-
tion of K2CuCl3 (Bodlinder and Stoibeck,
Z anorg 1002, 31 41 )

Solubility of Cu Cla-f-KCl in H2O at 22°

G in 1 g c

jf solution

Solid Ph is

CuCh

KCl

0 00115

0 0387

Cu,Gl

0 00405

0 0656

*

0 00861

0 0824

u

0 0137

0 0984

t

0 0219

0 1133

i

0 0390

0 1406

t

0 0184

0 1530

0 0675

0 1639

ti

0 0719

0 1747

(

0 0863

0 1839

c

0 1043

0 2027

(

0 1084

0 2018

(

0 1021

0 2031

c

0 1204

0 2095

t

0 1332

0 2164

e

(Bronsted, Z phys Ch 1912,80 20S )

Solubility in NaCl+Aq

Sat NaCl+Aq dissolves 10 0 % Cu Cl
90°, 11 9 % at 40°, and 8 9 % it 11°

15 % NaCl-h \qdissolvos 10 3 < 0 CiijCl
90°, 6 0 % at 40°, and 3 0 % at 14°

5% NaCl+Aq dissolves 2 (> % Cu C12
90°, xnd 1 1 % at 40 ° (Hunt, Sill \ni
(2) 49 154 )

Solubility in NiCl+Aq it 2b 5°

In 100 », FTjO

Si h 1 ph i <

Cu CI

NtiPI

1 55

CuCl

3 15

10 80

7 30

20 70

it

40 60

27 00

a

49 10

36 48

it

57 21

44 14

Cu Cl +NaCl

41 40

55 95

NaCi

18 70

50 90

a

(Kremann and Noss, M 1912, 33 1210

CUPRIC CHLORIDE

Solubility of Cu2Cl2 in CuSO4+Aq at t°
Values recorded in milhmols per 1

Sat CuCls+\q contains at
-20° -5° +12° 17° 320
37 388 39 3 41 7 4i 2f< CuCI,,
39° 55° 68° 73° 91 5
44 0 46 5 47 9 48 6 51 Or«r CuCI,
(Stard, A ch 1894, < 7) 2 536)

Sp gr ofCuC!t-h4qat 175°

t°

Cone of
CuSOi

Cupnc
copper

Total
copper

Cuprous
copper
calc

Cl

5 312
4805
4 908
4 530
4 687
4 287
4 256
4 329

19 7
16 3
18 6
17 5
19 4
20 4
20 5
20 1

0 49375
0 9875
1 4812
1 975
2 4687
2 9625
4 9375

2 258
2 746
3 145
3 315
4 131
4 349
4 625
6 546

2 880
3 125
3 602
3 915
4 553
4 786
5 193
7 276

0 622
0 379
0 457
0 600
0 422
0 437
0 509
0 730

% CuCb

Sp gr

f "c CuCIt ^fi *r

5

10
15
20

1 0455
1 0920
1 1565
1 2223

25

1 30
35
40

1 2918
1 3618
1 4447
1 52£i

(Bodlander and Storbeek, Z anorg 1902, 31
22 )

(Franz, J pr (2)5 274)

Insol in SbCl8 (Klemensiewicz, Bull
Acad Crac 1908, 6, 485 )

SI sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am
Ch J 1898, 20, 827 )
Insol in alcohol
SI sol in ether (Gehlen )
Sol in qumoline (Beckmann and Gabel,
Z anorg 1906, 61 236 )

Sol m pyridine (Schroeder, Dissert
1901)

Insol in phosgene (Eidmann. Dissert
1899 )

Insol m acetone (Naumann, B 1904,
37 4329)

Insol in acetone and in methylal (Eid-
mann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Difficultly sol m methyl acetate (Nau-
mann, B 1909, 42 3790 )

Insol in ethyl acetate (Alexander, Dis-
sert 1899 ) (Naumann, B 1904, 37 3601 )
Difficultly sol in ethyl acetate (Nau-
mann, B 1910, 43 314 )

10D g acetomtnle dissolve 13 33 g Cu C12
at 18° (Naumann and Schier, B 1Q14, 47
249)

Sol m benzomtrile (Naumann, B 1914,
47 1369)

Sol in hot benzomtrile and other aro-
matic nitriles (Werner, Z anorg 1897, 15
7 )

Mol weight determined in pjridine
methyl and ethyl sulphides (Werner, Z
anorg 1897, 15 19, 25 and 28 )

Mm Nantokite Sol m HC1, HN08, or
NH4OH+Aq

Cupnc chloride, CuCl2

Deliquescent 100 pts H20 dissolve 70 6
pts CuCl2 at 0°, 100 pts CuCU+Aq I contain
41 4 pts CuCl2 (Engel, A ch (6) 17 350

100 pts H2O dissolve 76 2 pts CuCI at
16 1°, or 100 pts CuCL+Aqsat at 16 1° con-
tarn 43 25 pts CuCl2 (Rudorff, B 6 484 )

100 pts CuCl2+Aq sat at 17° contain
43 06 pts CuCl2, at 31 5°, contain 44 7 pts
CuCls Coefficient of solubility =41 4+
OlQSt (Reicher and Deventer, Z pnys
Ch 5 560)

Sp gr of CuCls-f \q at 229°, containing m

1000 g HA g CuCI2-h2H,0
85 5 ( = % mol ) 171 255 5 g CuCI $ -f 2H A

1057

1108 1154

342

4275 513 g CuCl,-f2HA

1197

1 238 1 275

5985

6S4 g CuCl,-f2HA

1309

1341

7695

855 g CuCl,4-2HA

1371

1399

9405

1 026 g CuClj+2H 0

1425

1449

Containing CuCI J anh\ drous)

67 5 ( = H mol ) 135 202 5 270 g CuCI,,

1 114 1 Ibo

1059

3375
12o7

540
137&

405
1299

4725
130

6075 bTo
1416 1453
(Gerlach, Z anal 28

1213
g CuCI

K CuCI

Sp gr of CuCI - \q at 0
m 100 pts solution S
100 mols of solution

= mols

t* CuCI
CuCI in

s ^

39 4170 '

S 00

1 4"Q-

3o 3S39

b b2

1 41~>

30 92o5
26 1129 ,

o bo
4 :>!

1 2sbl

20 6697

o :>b

1 2204

14 5S20

2 2:>

1 14M4

8 0732

1 Ib

1 0 Mo

(Charp\ \ ch
Table* for 7° 30 o 49 2

29 2:»

ind bD are a

given b> Charp\

Sp gr of CuCI -*- -^q at room temp

containing

12 006 21 349 3o 027^ CuCI
1 1037 1 2154 1 oo!2
(Wagner, W \nn lSi>3 18 275 •

298

CUPRIC CHLORIDE

Sp gr at 20° of CuCl2-f-Aq containing M

mols CuCl2 per liter

M 0 01 0 05 0 075

Sp gr 1 001208 1 00637 1 009264
M 0 10 0 20 0 50

Sp gr 1 012614 1 030991 1 051479
M 0 75

Sp gr 1 090912
M 15

Sp gr 1 177618
(Jones and Pearce, Am Ch J 1907, 38 717 )
Sp gr of CuCL-f-Aq at 25°

1 0

1 120249

2 0

1 234551

Concentration of CuCIs + Aq

Sp gr

1 — normal

Vr- "

V*- "

VK— "

1 0624
1 0313
1 0158
1 0077

(\Vagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 38)

Much less sol in HCl+Aq than in H2O
1 1 HCl-hAq containing 45 pts HC1 to 100
pts HaO dissolves only 290 g CuCli at 12°,
\\hercas 11 H O at 12° dissolves 630 g CuCl2
(Dittc,C 11 1881,92 353)

Solubility m HCl-fAq at 0°

1j mols m milhgi ammc s in 10 ccm
Holution HCl = rnoIs IIC1 in ditto, H2O
- g HtC

C uCl

Sum of

2

IK 1

«|im

Sp *^r

II O

01 7")

()

()1 7">

1 400

S 73

M> S

1 r>

<)1 i

1 475

S 74

S* 2

7 S

()1

1 HS

70 r>

JO r>

V) S>

1 1,-j

S (>4

(>S I

20 2")

SS b)

1 ^S«)

S >()

50 0

*7 >

S7 >

1 51')

S 17

22 S

70 2')

(){ ()>

1 2H

S 21

25 r>

102 r)

12(>

1 2SS

7 r>(>

J() 7

12S

nt 7

1 525

(> 77

(I

( 17

No( dunmp 1>\ (old II s()j

Sf)l in \H ,( 1 -I \(j \ ( i\ s >I in (oi

i( 1 f- \«j < lioussiutr mil )

Soliil>iht\ of Cu( 1 in MI,( 1 f Vq it 50°

\H

2S (>
12 1

^ ii i [ IM <

MI4( 1
\H4C IfC u( 1 2\H4C 1 II O

( u( 1 2MI,C1, If O
CuC 1 2MI/1 r '

211 O
CuCl 2110

chlondi

/ ph\s Ch 1000,66 (>SS )
ilso MI4Cl-hCuClj und( i unrnoiuuin

Solubility of CuClj+HgClj m H^O at 35°

% HgCl

% CuCb

Solid Phase

0

44 47

CuCla, 2HoO

21 03

33 50

a

37 30

26 07

tc

44 47

23 31

it

50 47

21 50

CuClsH-Hga

52 44

19 40

HgCl2

52 54

18 46

a

52 81

18 06

u

51 03

14 73

It

49 50

5 94

It

23 87

2 64

it

8 51

8 51

u

(Schmnemakers and Thonus, Proc K Akad
Wet 1912, 15 472 )

Solubility of CuCla+KCl m H20 at t°

Cl per g
of bolution

Mols per
100 mols
H20

t°

O

O

M

3

CD

<f

A
%

O

3

S

*<) 4

0 120

0 107

5 %

9 93

CuCl 2KC12H04-

KC1

•<o o

n 100

M 1 1 P>

<> *q

n 4

( 2 " 71

u f>

1

IS S

<H) 5

0 1SS

0 lr>4

14 9

21 4

<H 7

0 19J

0 1 j(>

U> 2

2<> 0

CuCl KCI4-KCI

r)H S

_

17 >

2S 7

(J . 9 84

1 94

CuCl 2KC12HO +

CuCl ill 0

V) l>

0 2*2

0 Ot<)

12 <)

r> 44

>() 1

0 2ii

U Ojf

1 J 7

d 90

>2 M

0 211

f) 0()2

14 S

7 ( -1

< 0 2

0 2i<)

0 ()(>()

1 > S

S 1<)

( uCl KCl+CuCl

2H 0

"- d

02)>

0 ()()•!

11) S

S i )

M 2

1 1 <)

11 (>

CuCl 2KC12IIO +

C nC 1 KC 1

"* 2

11 S

1 >()

( u( 1 KC 1

(Meycrhoffci Z pliys Ch ISOO, 5 102)

100 K H O dissolve 720 K <-<i(1l +H» O
NiCl (RudoiiT, B 6 (>S4 )

Solul)ilit\ of ( u( I i-N i( I in II O it 50

N i( 1

C uC 1

S( II 1 I 111 (

0

15 0")

( uC 1 'it 0

5 10

11 14

1 2S

11 Ob

(> 11

>0 10

10 2r>

5<> M)

( u( I -f-N tCl

12 02

52 >S

N i( 1

12 2>

52 40

*

1 5 'A

2S ()4

1

1 > K)

25 72

1

IS 41

H> OS

20 (>1

11 05

u

2(> 47

0

(

(Schrcmomikois ind do Biat, Z
1000, 65 5Sb )

Ch

CUPRIC CHLORIDE

Solubiht\ of CuCl2 in CuS04+Aq at 30°

Easilv sol in acetone f Krug and M Elro> ,
Anal Ch 6 184 )
Insol in benzene

Solubmt> m organic soh ents

Composition of the
solution

Solid phase

bvwt
CuCla

0

6 58
15 68
25 67
39 48
42 77
42 47
43 25
43 95

^IoT

Sohent

t

frat notation
contains 11
CuCl

20 32
13 62
8 93
4 77
3 21
2 89
2 90
1 14
0

CuS04, 5H20
it

(S

CuS04, 5H20+CuCl2, 2H20
CuCl2, 2H20

u

Methyl alcohol

22
40
50
60

3t> S
37 5
37 1
37 5

Abs efchjl alcohol

0
19
20
38
50

32 0
35 7
35 9
38 5

41 7

(Schreinemakers, Z phys Ch 1909, 69 561 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 827 )
SI sol in liquid HF (Franklin, Z anorg
1905,46 2)
Sol in alcohol and ether
Sol m 1 pt strong alcohol
100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve 68
pts CuCl2 at 15 5°, 100 pts absolute ethyl
alcohol dissolve 53 pts CuCl2 at 15 5° (de
Bruyn, Z phys Ch 10 783 )
See also under CuCl +2H2O

Solubility of CuCl +KC1 m absolute alcohol
at 25°

Propyl alcohol

— 15
19
37
57
62

26 S
30 9
30 7
30 3
30 5

Allyl alcohol

— 20
- 4
27
32

23 4
23 6
22 9
23 3

N-but>l alcohol

0 ' 15 2
23 15 S
37 15 7
oo 16 1
84 16 2
92 16 7

CuCla

KCI

Solid Phase

1 27
1 51
2 15
5 25
30 16
34 17
34 45
34 29
33 97

0 28)
0 28 J

0 21)
0 21
0 2l)
0 00

KC1+KC1, CuCl2

u

KOI, CuCl2

u

KCI, CuCl +CuCl , C H6OH
CuCl , C;H6OH

Ethyl formate

' -20 ! 10 2

+24 ! 94
37 , 74
i oO 72

Ethyl acetate

+20
40
72

I 3 0
2 5
1 3

(Foote and W ilden, J Am Chem Soc 1911,
33 1032)

Solubility of CuCl > + KCI m acetone at 25°

\cetone

-20

- 8

i

IS 4

IS S

Isoprop\ 1 alcohol

o2

70

84

11 0
2s 3
26 7

Cu&h

i^l

Solid I hasc

0 34
0 48
1 50
2 06
2 49
2 32

0 38
0 27

KC1+KC1, CuCl2
KCI, CuCla

KCI, CuCl +CuCl , C3H60

(Etard, \ ch 1S94 <7) 2 otn )
See also under CuCl +2H 0

1 g CuCl is sol in Isl g meth\l acetate
at 18° Sp gr lb° 4° of the sat solution =
0939 (\aumann B 1Q09, 42 3793)
1 g CuCl ib sol in 249 g ethU aefUte
at 18° Sp gi of bat solution 18° 4° = 0 905o
(Naumann, B 1904, 37 3603 )
Difficult!} sol in ethvl acetate (\au-
mann, B 1910, 43 314 )

(Foote and Walden, J Am Chem Soc 1911
33 1032)

100 g of sat solution of CuCl2 in ethy
alcohol contains 33 97 g CrCl2 (Foote and
Walden, J Am Chem Soc 1911, 33 1032

300

CUPRIC CHLORIDE

1 pt sol m 249 3 pts eth\I acetate at 10°
(Alexander, Dissert 1899 )

Solubility in acetone

34 7 g acetone dissolve 1 g CuCl2 at 18°
Sp gr of sat solution 18°/4° =08154 (Nau-
mann, B 1904, 37 4320 )

1 40 pts are sol m 100 pts acetone at 56°
(Laszczynski, B 1894, 27 2287 )

Sol m acetone and meth>lal 1 gram dis-
solves in 3408 grams of acetone at 18°
(Eidmann, C C 1899, II, 1014 )

100 pts absolute ether disbolve 0 043 g
CuCl2 (Bodtker, Z phys Ch 1897, 22
511 )

Mol weight determined in pyridme and
methyl sulphide (Werner. 2 anorg 1897,
15 20 and 25)

100 g sat solut on in acetomtrile contains
1 57 g CuCU (\auminn and bchi^i. B
1914,47 249)

SI sol in benronitnle (Vaumann, B
1914,47 1369)

Sol in boiling dipropylamme (Werner,
Z anorg 1897, 15 34 )

Sol m uretnanc (Ley, Z ph>s Ch 1S97,
22 SI), (Castoro Z anorg 1899, 20, 61 )

+H8O (Dittt, \ ch h) 22 551 )

Sol in H/> \\ith slight dec omp (babatier,
Bull feoc 1895, (3) 13 601 )

-f-2H2O Deliquescent 100 g H O div
flohe 121 4 g CuCl +2H 0 it 16 1° (Ru-
doriT )
Aq «ol at r>° eont unb 9 6S9 Mol rr CuCl

II J-0 «

(SihumtmtUrs, G C 1911,11 319)

CuCl +211 <)-M<l sit it 30° fontuns
mv€, tuCl (Miciburfc C C 1904,11
1 3<>2 )

H 9") K uih\dious C uCl in dtssnl\<dm
100 g CuCl+Vq it 30 isihrunimxkus
Aich m (i S< 1910 \2\ 16 117 )

U47', b\ vui^ht Jinh\<li«)Us C uC 1 ib dis-
s(>I\«lin HO it T)0 <s< hmnnn ik< is ind
Ihonus \uli k Vktii \\<t \rnst 1912,
21 m ;

I ts i 1

SolubihU (if CuCl 4-2H 0 in <fh\l ihohol

Hoh nt

+ \q tt 11 >

r< iiu n
((; < s

S )]\ it

t

HO \ 1

I ( Kdlt f ( tll\ 1 ill 1. 1

( I kill ( U< 1 ll 1 1

1]

t \ \ uliiin

III

JIjO

(,<, j

1 17~>

it

9S 3

1 lib

I UK Ml th\l U[«)illl

20°

7 3

()b t

1 OM7

IS 9

7 b

95 3

1 070

1 th\l tl ih A («) > )

20 3

11 b

94 3

1 ()>9

19 h

11 9

I ur< IP( t mi

22 1
20 0

43 b
44 2

Anh> (irons salt dibsoh ( b rt ulil> in absolute
<tlnl ild)hol, CuCl +2H() is puupititul

0 ) pts r th\ 1 alcohol (()S ; +10 pts
HO

21 S
9.1 n

9 0

R R

in II 0

Solubility of CuCl2+2H20 m ethyl alcohol+
Aq at 11 5° G under addition of in-
creasing amounts of CuCh
P= Percent of ethyl alcohol by volume
G~ Grams of CuCl2 added
Cc = Grams of CuCl2 m 5 cc of the solution
C w ~ Grams of water m 5 cc of the solution,
calculated from

(1) the water content of the alcohol

(2) the water of crystallization which had

gone into solution

(3) the water held mechanically m CuCl2

+2H20

p

G

Cw

Cc

89 3

0 000

0 794

1 137

90 3

0 744

1 122

91 3

0 695

1 104

92 3

0 648

1 090

94 3

0 561

1 096

95 3

0 517

1 095

96 3

0 478

1 116

97 3

0 440

1 140

98 3

0 396

1 194

99 3

0 369

1 208

0 223

0 350

1 295

0 444

0 290

1 395

0 665

0 270

1 506

0 887

0 247

1 639

1 106

0 223

1 772

1 324

0 205

1 921

1 540

0 191

2 086

1 739

0 179

2 236

1 957

0 164

2 400

(Bodtker, Z ph>s Ch 1897,22 506-507)

100 pts absolute cthci dissolve 0 061 g
CuCl +2110 (Bodtker, Z phys Ch 1S97
22 511 )

Oil pts ire sol in KH) ptb t thcr j,t 10°
0 11 ' " " 100 c " 35°

SSf> " " " " 100 ' icUone" 0°
S92 " " " " 100 " ' " 135°
(I is^czjnski, B ISOt 27 22S<) ind 22S7

Solubilit\ nioi^uiK solvents it <°

CUPROUS SODIUM CHLORIDE

iiU

Solubility in or game solvents at t° — Cont

CuCl , 2HC1 Deliquescent "Urv **ol in

HoO (Alexander Divert 1809 >

Pts ot
solvent

+oH20 Properties as abo\e <&a-

Solvent

t°

^quired
to dis
sol\e

l$+

batier, C R 106 1724 )
CuCk3ECl Sol in HjO tXeumann
M 1894, 15 493 )

UOlj ~p

2H8O

Cupnc gold (aunc) chlonde, CuClt,

att°

2AuCl3-f6H20

80 pts abs alcohol 4-20 pts H O

28 1
20 7

6 0
6 2

10% is sol m HO at 18° \l\lm* Z
anorg 1911, 70 210 >

80 pts acetone +20 pts H20

23 1

21 8

5 3
5 6

Cupnc lithium chlonde, CuCIj, LiCl-f

80 pts acetone +20 pts methyl
alcohol

10 pts methyl alcohol +90 pts

23 1
24 0

12 0
11 6

Decomp on air Decomp fry dissolving u>
H20 Sol in cone LiCi-fAq without decomp
Decomp by alcohol (Chasse\ant, ± en
(6) 30 33 )

ethyl alcohol (98°)

24 2
25 0

5 4
5 1

-f2H20 (Meverhoffer, W \ B 100, 2b
621)

20 pts methyl alcohol +80 pts ord

V^rfJ. /

ether

24 1

15 1

Cupnc mercunc chlonde

80 pts abs alcohol +20 pts ord

22 4
24 1

15 7

8 8

Easily sol in H2O (v Bonsdorff)

ether

Cupnc mercunc potassium chlonde, CuClj,

25 0

8 5

3HgCl , 6KC1+2HS0

Comm methvl alcohol

23 9

5 4

Dehquescent ni moist air Sol in boihng

23 0

5 6

HO without decomp, and recn staUises if

85 pts pyndine +15 pts tlzO

24 4

63 4

cooled slowlj Insol m absolute alcohol

23 6

63 7

(v Bonsdorff, Pogg 33 SI )

60 pts pyndine +40 pts H2O

27 3

26 7

28 0

26 2

Cuprous mtrosyl chlonde, Cu2Cl , 2XOC1

75 pts a picohne +2o pts H O
70 pts a picolme +30 pts H O

26 1
25 1
26 1

51 6
52 3

47 3

Very deliquescent and sol in H 0 with^m~
mediate decomp (Sudborough, r>1^™ ^"
59 658)

(de Comnck, C R 1900, 131 59 )

Solubility in organic solvents

Sol in propyl alcohol, hot glycol, hot
glycerine, hot paraldehyde, hot crys acetic
acid, pure acetone, 30% methylarmne-f Aq,
pure pyndine, pure a-picoline, acetomtnle,
si sol in isobutyl and amyl alcohols, crystal-
kzable formic acid, ethyl acetate, insol ui
cold glycol, cold glycerine, cold paraldehyde,
benzaldehyde, cold crystallizable acetic acid,
ord ether, abs ether, hot and cold CS2, cold
aniline, cold orthotoluidme, methylene chlor-
ide, ethyl iodide, propyl iodide, ethylene
bromide, benzene, toluene, xylene, ligrom,
nitrobenzene, cold pipendme and essence of
terebenthme (de Comnck, C R 1900, 131
59)

_|_ ffTT /-)

Aq sol at 35° contains 2 921 Mol %CuCl2

15° " 1 H
(Schrememakers, C C 1911, II 349 )

Cuprous hydrogen chlonde, CuCl,HCl
Sol in H2O (Neumann, M 1894, 15 493 )

Cupnc hydrogen chlonde, CuCl2, HCl-f 3H20
Decomp by H2O Sol m HCl+Aq below
0° (Engel, C R 106 273 )

Cuprous potassium chlonde, Cu Cl , 4KC1
Sol in H 0 cMitscherhch, \ ch 73 3b4 )
For solubiht\ data, «ee Cu Cl -KC1 under

cuprous chlonde

Cupnc potassium chlonde
CuCl,KCl (\le\erhoffer, Z ph\s Ch 3

QQA \

Sol inHO,onh si *ol in cone HCl-^q
(Groger, Z anorg lb9Q 19 330 *

CuCl , 2KC1-^2H O sol in H O and
alcohol (Berzehiib Pogs 13 -lis

The composition of the h\ drate& formed b\
this salt at different dilution* k» calculated
from determinaUonb of the lowering 01 the
fr pt produced M the salt and 01 the con
duetivit} and sp gr of itb aqueou* ^ulutiun^
( Jones, \m Ch J 190o 34 322 )

For solubilm data see CuCl -KC1 umUr
cuonc chlonde

Cupnc rubidium chlonde, CuCl , 2RbCl
Easil> sol m H 0 and HC1- A,q vGodei-

fr°+2H09Sol mHO \\wuboff, J B
1887 538 )

Cuprous sodium chlonde
Very sol in H 0

302

CUPRIC SODIUM CHLORIDE

Cupnc sodium chloride

Easily sol in cone NaCl+Aq Sol in
alcohol of 0 S37 sp gr

\o double salt txisth (Schi ememakers
and tic Paat, 2 phjs Ch 1^09,65 586)

Cupnc thallic chlonde, CuCl2, 2T1C18
Sol m H/) (Willm, A ch (4) 6 55 )
+bH2O Can be cryst from H2O

(Gcwtcke, A 1909,366 225)

Cuprous chloride ammonia, Cu2Cl2, NH5
(Uovd, J phys Chem 1908, 12 399 )
CujOL, 2NH3 Dtcomp h> H/) or acids,

not by ale >hol (Ritthausen, I pr 59 3b9 )
CujCl2, 3NHi (Lloyd, J phys Chem

1908, 12 399 )
Cu2Cl2,6NH8 (Lloyd, J phys Chem 1908

12 390)

Cupnc chloride ammonia, CuCU, 2\H8
Docomp by Hrf) (Kane, A ch 72 273 )
CuCl* 4NH8 Sol m H20 (Bouzat, C R

1<H)2, 135 294 )

+H;O (Cuprammonuwi Monde) Sol

m H/) and hot NH4OH+Aq

+21! 0 Sol m small amt of H20

Ou(OH)2 H pptd b> dilution (Bouzat,

A (h 190 J, (7)29 330 )

(1uCl,5MI3 (Bouzat, V ch 1903, (7) 29

O Sol m HO On dilution
C u(OH) is pptd Sol in MI4OH+Aq,
solubility d<frcas<b is Mi-? comontiition
m<r< is<s (Hou/it, \ (h 1(KH, (7)29 T>0 )

CuC'L, (»M13 ( omplcldj sol m HO
(Host, PORK 20 >r> )

N>1 in 11 O but duonip l)\ Kicat dilution
\\ith ]>]>tn of ( uiOH)

InsoJ 111 liquid Ml-i ( Bou/ it, V ch
1'MK (7) 29 »() J

Cuprocupnc chloride ammonia, C u C 1 C uCl

i\HH H <)

])(<oinp 1)\ H < ) ni ilcoiiol \i>und uith
so] in \llj(l-f-\q but \\ith [) uti il d< com-
position ( Hitth ius< n )

Cupnc chloride ammonia platmous chloride,
( u( 1

SH Platodiamme cupnc chloride

Cuprous chloride carbon monoxide,
( u ( 1 J«M 111 ()

\u\ sol \i\ H( 1 isp ^i 1 I')) \\ith <\olu
lion of (() Sol in MI,OH+Vq (Mm
( hot md I in ml, \ 1()OS 369 110 )

->( u < 1 ,( 0+2H O Insol in II 0 (Bw-
t In lot \ <h ls>(>, ( ij 46 4ss )

K u M >( 0 + 7H O Insol in 11 (),
hut d(<oinp th(K\Mth \u\ quickh bol
in ( u Cl +HC1

Cupnc chlonde hydrazine, CuCla,

Easily decomp (Hofmann and Marburg,
A 1899, 305 222 )

Cuprous chlonde mercuric sulphide, CujClj,

Insol m HaO, sol in cone hot HCl+Aq,
not decomp by boiling dil H2SO4+Aq, but
decomp by cone H2SO4 (Heumann, B 7
1390)

Cuprous fluonde, Cu2F2

Insol m H2O or HF Sol in cone HC1+
Aq, from which it is precipitated by H20
Insol in alcohol (Berzehus, Pogg 1 28 )

Decomp by H2O into sol CuF2 Sol in
boiling HCl+Aq and m HNOs+Aq Only
si attacked by warm H*>S04 (Poulenc, C R
116 1447)

Cupnc fluonde, CuF2

Easily takes up H20 to form CuF2+2H20
Sol in HC1, HNO3, or HF+Aq (Poulenc, C
R 116 1448)

Solubility at 25° m HF+Aq

Normuht-v of HF-J-Aq

g atoms Cu m 1 000 c c
of solution

0 12
0 28
0 57
1 OS

2 2S

0 0307
0 Ilb4
0 2404
0 3SS
0 4bi

SolubihtA is <Ucr( is«l by pi(b(n« <^1 KI
(JuKci,Z xnorg 1901,27 20)

Insol in liquid NH3 (Goie, Am Ch J
IS%, 20 S27 J

Insol m mothvl icctatc (Naurnann, B
1<HM) 42 J>7()0) <th\l i((tit( (\iuinmn
P> !<)!() 43 U n

lusol in tf<tono (Pidininn C C 1899
II 1014, Nuini inn B 1004,37 452'))

+211 O SI sol in cold, dr< omp b\ ho
II O (B< r/clms )

Cupric hydrogen fluoride, Cub r)I II + >I 1 O
])c liqu<s< < nt

1 isil> sol in H () in<l dil Ki<ls
Sol in MljOH + \<j \vith «1« >mp (HoJini

/ moiff P)()> 43, i2<) )

Cupnc potassium fluoride, Cul<2 «KI

1 isilj sol in IIO

(ul KI< \crysl sol in HO si sol u
dil Kids (Hdmholt Z uioift 3 1 1 r> )

Cupric rubidium fluoride, CulH j
Vb th< Ksilt (Hdmholt )

Cupric silicon fluonde
Set Fluosilicate, cupnc

CUPRIC HYDROXIDE

JIM

Copper stannic fluonde
See Flttostannate, copper

Copper tantalum fluonde
See Fluotantalate, copper

Copper titanium fluonde
See Fluofctanate, copper

Copper tungstyl fluonde
See Fluoxytungstate, copper

Copper zirconium fluonde
See Fluozirconate, copper

Cupnc fluonde ammonia, CuF2, 4NH8+
5H2O
Decomp rapidly in the air
Easily sol m H2O
Decomp by boiling witii H20 with evolu-
tion of NH3 ^ ,
Easily sol in dil acids (Bohm, Z anorg
1905, 43 333)

Solubiht} in \HiOH-r *q at 23°

NH»ncrm

gCup,H "^Jr"

2 63
2 00
1 32

3 05 j
2 12
1 OS

0 09b
0 Ot>7
0 034

-.

2 540
1 965
1 280
0 973
0 870
0 540
0 391

6 2t>
6 28
4 13 ;
3 36 !
3 08
2 36
2 04

0 197
0 1W»
0 1 **
0 1Gb
0 (#7
0 074
0 064

3 176t
2 070
1 272
0 451
0320

806
5 72
4 75
2 54
2 13

0 253
0 180
0 140
i 0 (feO
i 0 067

The non-agreement of the results is due to
the presence of different modifications of
Cu02H2
(Bonsdorff, Z anorg 1904 41 1S2 »

Cuprous hydride, CuH

Insol m H20 Sol in HCH-Aq (Wurtz,
f* "R 1.8 102 ^

Sol in warm cone HC1 with decomp
(Bartlett, Am Ch J 1895, 17 187 )

Cupnc hydride, CuH2

Sol m HC1 with decomp (Bartlett, Am
Ch J 1895, 17 187 )

Copper hydrosulphide, 7CuS, H2S

(I mder and Picton, Chem Soc 1892, 61

9CuS, H2S (Lmder and Picton )
22CuS, H2S (Lmder and Picton )

Cuprous hydroxide, Cu2O, zH20
Sol m acids as cupnc salt Insol

°r^?^nfN&40H, and (NH4)2C03-f Aq, sol

Cuprocupnc hydroxide, CuOH, 3Cu(OH)
Sol m acids (Francke, Dissert 1907 )

Solubihtv m NH4OH+ \q at 1S°

Mia molb per 1

Ca ? atom per 1

0 20

0 00054

0 oO

0 OOoo

1 0

0 010M

1 0

0 0*204

2 0

0 OoU

2 o

0 0442

3 0

0 054^

4 0

U 0"^4

5 0

0 1041

6 0

0 12>i

S 0

Q | -^Qi4

9 9b

o r^~

(Dawtoon,Z ph^ Ch IMQM 69 111

Sol m cold NaOH or K< »H- ^a
but CuO ib pptd on bun ig B^
nobpptd iChodnew J ^ 28 23

Insol in NaOH or KOH-U u
contain organic matter Bt-zt ^
contradicted bx ^ okKcr \ 59 «

Entireh sol in cone K< >H- ^
tion is decomp ^ hea mg r-i

Pro-

d -

-fiS

Extremely easily sol ^ acids

Sol in NH4OH, and NH4 salts+ Aq

pared ather from CuM>, o- GJ N«^ ,
creases with decree lnfctJf%Pga ^<>,
base The solubiht% of CuO H in M
isTnlj ten JighU% ^ccu;l ^ tK - d
of soium or pot^mm carbonate 1 ^
Z anorg 1904, 40 41

304

CUPRIC HYDROXIDE

Solubility of crystalline CuO2H2 m ammoni-
acal Ba(OH)2 and NaOH solutions at

Solubility of crystalline Cu02H2 in ammom
acal salt solutions at 18° — Continued

18°

~

Cu coneentra

Soh ent contains per litre

C-onc of di<
solved Cu <

Solvent contains per litre

tion g atoms
per 1

atoms per 1

3 mol NHs+0 10 mol (NH4)°S04
+0 20

0 1740
0 2861

Imol NH8+0 mol Ba(OH)2

0 01090

" +0 0025 "

0 00907

+0 40

0 5044

+0 005 "

0 00801

4 mol NHa+0 00 mol (NH4) SO*

0 0784

" +0 01 "

0 00633

+0 01

0 0922

" +0 02 "

0 00526

+0 025

0 1101

2mols NH8+0 mol Ba(OH)2

0 0314

+0 Oo

0 1397

+0 01

0 0277

+0 10

0 2002

4 mols NH3+0 mol Ba(OH)2

0 0784

+0 20

0 3188

" +0 01

0 0747

+0 40

0 5451

1 mol NH8+0 mol NaOH

.0 0109

5 mol NHa+0 00 mol (NH4)aSC>4

0 1041

" -f 0 01 "

0 00766

+0 01

0 1154

" +0 02

0 00655

+0 02o

0 1320

" -f 0 03 "

0 00531

+0 05

0 1639

-f 0 05

0 00456

+0 10

0 2239

" +0 10

0 00410

+0 20

0 3415

(Dawson, Chem Soc 1909, 95 377 )

+0 40
Imol NHs+0 00 mol Na8S04

0 5615
0 0109

Solubility of crystalline Cu02H2 in ammoni-
acal salt solutions at 18°

+0 025
+0 10
+0 20

0 0134
0 0162

Cone of dis

+0 40

0.0784

Solvent contains per litre

solved Cu g
atoms per 1

4 mol NH3+0 10 mol Na S04

0 0994

+0 20

0,1161

1 mol NHa

0 0109

0 05 mol NHs+0 03 mol (NH4)2SO4

0 00129

(Dawson, Chem Soc 1909, 95 373 )

+0 025

0 00511

0 1 mol NHs+0 01 mol (NHOaSO4

0 00326

+0 02o
+0 Oo
0 2 mol NHi+0 00 mol (NHOjSO4
+0 01
+0 02o

0 0108
0 0233
0 00054
0 00649
0 0175

SI sol in alkali carbonates +Aq, especial r
KHCO3 and NaHCO3 (Bor/ehus )
Sol in cold Na2b/)3-|-Aq, but pptd < \
warming (Field, Chem &oc (2) 1 28 )
Partially sol when freshly pptd in KC I

+0 Oo
+0 10
0 5 mol NH3+0 00 mol (NH^SOt

0 0690
0 0053

OH197

+Aq (Rodgers, 1834 )
Sol m (NH^Os+Aq (Morcau, Apot
Ztg 1901, 16 383)

+0 01
+0 (]2>

\)\.H

0 0284
0 0536

feol m MSCN-f-Aq , more difficultly s
m NH4SCN+Aq than Zn()2H (Groi -

+0 0 )

ft 1 n 1 ^

mann, Z anorg 1908, 58 2b<) )

+0 10
+0 20
1 0 mol Nlla+OOOmoI (NHO SOj
+0 01

\/ JLUJ-O

0 1844
0 0109
0 0210

Very sol in hydroxyl irnmc ( Jann xs i
and Cohen, J pr 1905. (2), 72 14 )
Insol m acetone (P idm inn, C C 18* >,
II 1014 )

+0 02o
+0 Oo

0 0386
0 0660

Sol m large am t mNa-C H3O + Vq (M
cer, 1844 )

+0 10
+0 20

0 2275

Not pptd in prescnc( of N i uti it( (h{ [-

.* mol NHa+0 00 mol (NHthSOi
+0 01
+0 02 i

0 4135
0 0314
0 0462
0 0605
Or\oof>

ler )
Insol in cane sugar -f Aq, unless in alk ill n
alkaline earth is present (Pcsehic r )
Recently pptd CuC)2H2 is c ibily sol m c i c
sugar with NaOH, KOH, or Ca()2H -f-^ i,

+0 0)

UOoO

less sol m presence of br02H2 or BaO^l

+0 10
+0 20
+0 40
i mol NHa+OOOmol (NHi)bO4

0 2591
0 4718
0 0548

(Becquerel )
Not pptd by KOH+Aq m solutions c< i-
tainmg tartanc acid, cane sugar, and mil y
other non-volatile organic substances

+0 01
+0 02?

0 0847
n 11 ^R

Sol in Ca, Ba, Sr, K or Na sucrates-h^ 1,
and ppts of double sucrates form when sc i-

+0 Oi

U J.JLOU

tions of the first three bases are heated, but 10

CUPROUS IODIDE

305

ppt forms in the last two cases even at 100°
(Hunton )

Insol in simple Ca, Ba, or K sucrates+Aq,
but immediately sol when an excess of cane
sugar -f- Aq is present (Peligot )

Moderately sol in amyl amme, easily sol in
methyl, less in ethyl amine (Wurtz )

Sol m sorbine+Aq (Pelouze )

Not pptd in presence of aromatic oyxacids
or phenols of the ortho series Thus In pres-
ence of salicylic acid, pyrocatechm, galhc
acid, pyrogalhc acid, etc, NaOH-fAq does
not ppt CuO2H2 from Cu solutions, but
pptn is not prevented by benzoic acid, re-
sorcm, n>droquinone, etc (Weith, B 9

Sol in solutions of alkali salts of "spal-
tungsprodukte" of albumen (Kalle and
v^o, Jt at 1901 )

Sol in starch emulsion which has become
thin liquid in an alternating magnetic field
(RosenthaLC C 1908,1 693)

(Rubenovitch, C R 1899,

129 336)
CuO, 3H2O

3 373)

2CuO, 3H2O
4CuO, H2O

(Mailhe, A ch

(Kosmann, Z anorg 1893,

(Cross, Gm — K 6 1,753)
Insol in NH4OH+Aq
1902, (7) 27 393 )

Solubility of Cu2I in I2+ \q at 20°

« perl

Solid Phase

Cu

I

0 285

0 585

Cutlt

0 482

1 305

0 583

1 922

0 678

2 557

0 756

3 204

0 844

3 Q54

0 898

4 436

0 964

5 085

1 032

5 685

1 090

6 282

1 112

6 530

1 232

7 653

Cual -f I

1 040

6 449

I2

0 898

5 594

0 748

4 711

0 606

3 856

0 448

2 949

0 300

2 069

0 159

1 230

0 925*

5 461

CujIs-K,

1 658**

11 366

n

Cupnc hydroxide ammonia, Cu02H2, 4NH8
Present in ammomacal solution of Cu02H2
(Dawson, Z phys Ch 1909, 69 110 )

Cuprous imide, Cu2NH
Decomp at 160° forming Cu3N
Readily hydrolysed by H20
Sol in hqmd NHs solutions of NH4N03

(Franklin, J Am Chem Soc 1912,34 1502)

Cuprous iodide, Cu2I2

Insol m H2O, or dil acids

Calculated from electrical conductivity of
Cu2I2H-Aq, 1 1 H2O dissolves about 8 mg
Cu2I2 at 18° (Kohlrausch and Rose, Z phys
Ch 12 241 )

Sol m cone H2S04 (Vitali, Gm— K
5 1, 947 )

Sol with difficulty m cone HCl+Aq

Decomp by cone HNO8, or H2S04 Insol
m NaCl, KN03, Na2S03, KBr, or NH4C1+
Aq Sol in NH4OH. Na2S203, KCN, or KI+
Aq (Renault, C R 59 558 )

\ppreciably sol m N/10 HC1 Practically
msol m N/10 H2SO4 (Moser, Z anal 1904,
43 604)

Results of experiments on solubihtv of
Cu2l2 m I2-fAq in presence of acids and
salts are given by Bray and MacKa>

Cu2I2 was found to be si sol in H20 but
a considerable amt dissolves m piesence of
I2. owing to formation of CuI2 and CuI3 (J
\m Chem Soc 1910, 32 1207 )

* at 0° ** at 40°

(Fedotieff, Z anorg 1911,69 2b)

Solubdil

NHiBr + ^q

-

2-N
3-N

4r-N

1 9068
3 6540
6 05S8

(Kohn and Klein, Z anorg 1912, 77 254 )

Sol m FeCls+Aq (Fleischer, C N 1869,
19 206 )

Solubility in KBr+Aq at t°

t°

L.Br-r\q

g Cu I mil of
the solution

19 5
24 0
19 5
23 0
22 0
22 0

2-N
2-N

3-N
3-N

4-N

4r-N

1 4666
1 5o76
3 4094
3 o949
7 1263
6 9768

The solutions undergo change m the course
of a few days, iodine being set free, the sol-
ubility of the cuprous iodide is not markedly
affected thereby

(Kohn, Z anorg 1909, 63 337 )

11 of a 02N solution of KI dissolves
0000157 g mol Cu I (Bodlander, Z
anorg 1902, 31 475 )

Very sol m liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am
Ch J 1898, 20 827 )

306

CUPRIC IODIDE

Insol in CS2 (Arctowski, Z anorg 1894,
6 257)

Practically insol in methvlene iodide
(Retgers, Z anorg 1893, 3 347 )

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904,
37 4329), (Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

100 g acetomtnle dissolve 3 52 g CuoI2
at 18° (Naumann and Sohier, B 1914, 47
249)

Mm Mar shite (Gm— K 5 1, 945)

Cupnc iodide, CuI2

Exists only in very dil aqueous solution
(Traube, B 17 1064 )

Copper penodide, Cul*

Sol in H20 (Walker and Dover, Chem
Soc 1905, 87 1588 )

Copper aTnjTflQtiyiirn iodide ammonia
See Cupnammommn iodide ammonia

Cuprous mercunc iodide, Cu2l2, HgI2
KI+Aq dissolves out HgI2

Cuprous mercunc iodide ammonia, CuI2,

2HgI2, 4NH8

Decomp by H20 or acids Sol m a mix-
ture of acetic acid and alcohol

CuI2, HgI2, 4NH3 As above (lorgensen,
J pr (2) 2 347 )

Cupnc nitrogen iodide, CuI2,

Decomp by H20, or NH4OH+Aq (Guy-
ard, C R 97 526 )

Cupnc thalhc iodide ammonia, CuI2, 2T1T3,

4NH8

Decomp slowly by H O Sol in NH4OH+
Aq with decomp Sol m alcohol

Cuprous iodide ammonia, Cu I , NH3
Ppt (Anderlme. Gazz ch it 1912, 42 I,

321)

+4H20 Insol m H O Very sol in

NH4OH+Aq (Silbeirid, Chem Soc 1905,

87 67)

Cu2I2, 3NHS (Iloyd, J phys Chem

1908, 12 399 )

Cu2I,4NH, (I(vol, J PluTin 4 *2S )
+H2O (Sagher, C R 104 1440)
Cu2I2, 6NH3 (Lloyd )

Cupric iodide ammonia, Cul , 4NH3-fH20

Decomp by H20 Solm NH4OH+Aq
without decomp Not attacked by cold

alcohol or ether (Berthemont, J P]
15 445 ) (Po/zi-Escot, C R 1900, 13C

CuI2, 6NES Sol m liquid NH8 (]
Am Ch J 1908, 39 205 )

3CuI2, lONHs Decomp by H20 (
ards, Am Ch J 1895, 17 302 )

Sol in liq NH8 (Horn, Am Ch J
39 204)

Cupnammomum iodide ammonia,

3Cu(NH3)2I2, 4NH3
Decomp by an* and by H2O (Rid
Am Ch J 1895, 17 302

Copper periodide ammonia, 2CuI, I4,

+H20

Because of its insolubility it cann
recryst from any solvent (Silberrad, (
Soc 1905, 87 66 )

Copper /efraiodide, ammonia, CuI4, 4N]
(Jorgensen, J pr (2) 2 353 )

rm
M) )
)rn,

ch-
108,

rds,

be

em

Copper fozaiodide ammonia, Culn, 4N
Not decomp in H2O in closed v
(Jorgensen )

Copper mercunc iodide ammonia,

CuHg3I6, 5NH8

CuHglg, 2NH8 Ppt Decomp by
and by alcohol

CuHg2I6; 3NHS Ppt Decomp bj
washing with H20

CuHg2I5, 4NH3 Ppt Decomp b>
SI attacked bv abs alcohol

CuI2, HgI2 4NH3 Ppt (Anderlme,
ch it 1912, 42, (1) 321, C C 1012, I

Copper nitride, CufiN2
Decomp by dil or cone ac ids
Easilv decomp by H2O when finch

dered (Rossel, C R 1S95, 121 942 )

Copper swboxide, Cu4O

Not attacked by HO Decomp I
H2S04+Aq into Cu and CuSO4, dil HC
has simihr action Not ittackcd by N
+Aq or NH4OH + (NH4) CO8+Aq
Pogg 120 1)

Cu3O Not attacked by dil 01 cone
acids, even aqua regia Slowly sol m
Aq (Bailey and Hopkins, Chem Soc
57 272 )

Is a solution of oxide m Cu (
Zeit angew Ch 1908, 21 51 )

Cuprous oxide, Cu2O

Insol in H20 Decomp by H2SO
H3PO4+Aq or cold very dil HNO3-M
a cupnc salt and Cu Converted by
Aq into cuprous chloride

3els

S2O
long

azz
95 )

)ow-

dil
f Aq
4OH

iose,

mm

[F-f-

89O,

rdis,

Aq,
into
Cl~r-

CUPRIC OXIDE

307

Solubility of Cu20 in NH4OH-f Aq at 25°

Solubility of CuO in HF-Kq at 25°

Cone of iotal Cu

Cone of total NH3

•
Time

G CuO in 10 ccm
of the solution

G m 1000 g
of solution

G mol m
1000 g of
solution

G in 1000 g
of solution

G mol m
1000 g of
solution

0 25N-E*

3% "

0 0431
0 0619
0 OS12
0 0823
0 0907

Preparation I

0 35Q3
0 5024
0 6869
0 6964
1 0144
1 0462
1 0557
1 2243
1 3229
1 4882
1 5105
1 6313
1 6981

0 00566
0 00791
0 01080
0 01095
0 01597
0 01645
0 01660
0 01924
0 02081
0 02340
0 02375
0 02565
0 02670

3 91
12 07
13 77
16 15
27 03
32 64
36 89
45 73
68 68
74 12
81 26
98 52
122 40

0 23
0 71
0 81
0 95
1 59
1 92
2 17
2 69
4 04
4 36
4 78
5 56
7 20

N-EF (a)

5^ tl
21^> "
52 - "

0 3018
0 2797
0 2747
0 2339
0 2353

N-HF (b)

4/4 "
167% "

0 3220
0 2930
0 2431
0 2219

2 02N-EF

1& "
5 "
7\\t> te
156 V^ "

0 3646
0 4533
0 3583
0 3311

Preparation II

(Deussen, Z anorg 1905, 44 421 )

Solubility of CuO in HF at 25°
Cu~g-atoms Cu in 1 1 of the solution

0 4229
0 6678
0 9890
1 0494
1 3528
1 5047
1 5963
1 6555

0 00665
0 01050
0 01555
0 01650
0 02127
0 02366
0 02510
0 02603

7 82
8 16
22 61
28 39
54 15
72 08
78 20
102 05

0 46
0 48
1 33
1 67
3 19
4 24
4 60
6 00

HF normality Cu

0 12 0 0307
0 28 0 1164
0 57 0 2494
1 08 0 388
2 28 0 463

(Donnan and Thorms, Chem Soc 1911. 99
1791)

Sol in boiling NH4C1 + Aq (Rose )

SI sol in excess of KOH+Aq (Chodnew )

Sol in cone MgCL, and FeCl2-l-Aq

(Hunt, C R 69 1357 )
SI attickcci by liquid NH3 (Gore, Am

Ch J 189S, 20 827 )
Mm Cuprite Sol in HC1, HN03, and

NH4OH+Aq

Cupric oxide, CuO

Insol m H/> I isily sol m acids Sol
in H2S03-i-Aq Insol m NH4OH+Aq but
dissolves on uldition of a few diops of acid
or (NH4) COs-f-Aq Insol m dil , but sol in
warm cone NiOH, ind KOH+Aq (Low,
Z anil 9 46* )

CuO prcpaied it a low tomp is easily sol
m dil acidb, but when ignited is slowly sol
in boiling tone acids, but modoi itelv rapidly
in a cold mixture of NHJ+HC1 (Joanms
C R 1S86, 102 1161 )

Solubility m N-HNO3 1 1 of the solution
contains 0 4802 g atoms Cu at 25° f Jaeger
Z anorg 1901, 27, 33 )

(Jaeger, Z anorg 1Q01, 27 29 )

Solubility of CuO m HF+KF at 2o°
Cu-g-atoms Cu m 1 1 of the solution

HF normality

Cu

0 12

0 28
0 57
1 11(1 08)
2 17(2 28)

0 03ob
0 06437
0 1442
0 2451
0 2ol7

(Jaeger, 1 c )

(de

and

SI sol in large excess of KOH-f \q
Comnck, C C 1904, II, 65 )

Slowly sol in boiling \H4Cl-fA.q
less oasilv in NTHAT03+ Aq RO^P \

Sol m boiling H20 solutions of M , Orl,
U Cr2 Fe2, or Bi nitrates and chloride^,
Hg(N03)2, Hg2(N03)2, SbCl3, SnCl, and
SnCl4, with pntn of oxides of the bases of
those salts Unacted upon b> boiling H2U
solutions of Mn, Mg \i, Co, Zn, Ce, or

308

CUPROCUPRIC OXIDE

Fe nitrates or chlorides, AgNOs, Pb(N08)2,
Cd(NOs)2, and HgCl2 (Persoz )

Pure CuO is very si sol in NH4OH-f Aq
but the solution is greatly increased bv the
addition of NH4 salts (Muthmann, C C
1904 11,410)

Sol in hot (NH4)2S04 or (NH4)2S08+Aq
(Jumau, Electrochem Ind 1908, 6 258 )

15% dissolves in (NH4)2CO3+Aq in 24
hrs (Schnabel, £ B H Sal 1880, 28 282 )

SI attacked by liquid NH3 (Franklin,
Am Ch J 1898, 20 827 )

Solubility in N-acetic acid 1 1 of the solu-
tion contains 01677 g-atoms Cu at 25°
(Jaeger, Z anorg 1902, 27 33 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

SI sol in benzamide (Dessaignes, A ch
1852, (3\ 34 146 )

Insol in prpendme (Cahours, C R
1852, 34 481 )

Sol in acid amines as asparagin (Piria,
A ch 1848, (3), 22 160 )

Sol in amines alone or mixed with NH8
(Lance, Disserb 1905 )

Slowly sol in Ca or any other alkali su-
crate+Aq, but not in cane sugar +Aq
(Hunton )

Solubility in (calcium sucrate+sugar) +Aq

1 1 solution containing 418 6 g sugar and
34 3 g CaO dissolves 10 26 g CuO

I 1 solution containing 296 5 g sugar and
24 2 g CaO dissolves 5 68 g CuO

I 1 solution containing 174 4 g sugar and
14 1 g CaO dissolves 3 47 g CuO (Boden-
bender, J B 1866 600 )

Polyp ep tides in aqueous solution dissolve
CuO by short boiling (Fischer, B 1906, 39
576)

+V6H20«6CuO+H20 Insol in dil ,
but sol in cone KOH or NaOH + Aq

Sol in volatile oils

See also Cupnc hydroxide

Mm Melacomte Sol in HC1, or HN03+
Aq

Cuprocupnc oxide, Cu603=2Cu20, CuO

(Favre and Maumen6 )

Cu302+H2O=Cu20 CuO+H20 When
freshly pptd , sol in HC1 -f Aq, but msol after
drying (Sieweit, J B 1866 257)

Cu403=Cu2O, 2CuO (Siewert)

All oxides of Cu except Cu4O, Cu20, CuO,
and CuOo are mixtures (Osborne, Sill Am
J (3) 32 33, Debray, C R 99 583 )

Copper dioxide, Cu02-fH20

Insol in H2O Decomp by acids with for-
mation of cupric salt and H202 (Weltzien,
A 140 207)

Cuprous oxide ammonia (cuprosammomum

oxide)

Known only in solution (Wagner, C C
1863 239)

Cupnc oxide ammonia (cuprarnmonium hy-
droxide), 3CuO, 4NH8+6H20
Insol in H20 (Kane, A ch 72 283 )
CuO, 4NF8+4H2O Very deliquescent

Decomp in the air and by H20 (Malaguti

and Sarreau, A ch (3) 9 438 )

Cuprous oxybromide, Cu2Br2, CuO+H20

(Spring and Lucion, Bull Ac Belg (3)
24 21)

Cupnc oxybromide, CuBr2, 3CuO+3H20

Insol in H20 Easilv sol in dil acids or
NH4OH+Aq (Brim, C R 109 66 )

Insol in H20 but decomp by continued
boiling Sol in cone acetic acid, si sol m
cone CuBr2+Aq Insol in dil KBr-f Aq
(Richards, Proc Am Acad 1890, 26 215 )

Cupnc oxybromide ammonia, 2CuO, CuBr2,

2NH8-f3H20

(Kohlschutter and Pudschies, B 1904, 37
1159)

Cuprous oxychlonde, Cu2Cl2, CuO+3H20

(Spring and Lucion, Bull Ac Belg (3)
24 21)

Cupnc oxychlonde, CuO, CuCl2+H20

Decomp by H20^ (Rousseau, C R 1890,
110 1263)

2CuQ, CuCl2 Insol in H20 Sol in HC1
+Aq, from which it is reprecipitated by
dilution with H20

+H20 (Kane. A ch 72 277 )

4-4H20 (Gladstone, Chem Soc 8 211 )

3CuO, CuCl2+2H20 (Miller and Ken-
nek, Trans Roy Soc Can 1901, (2) 8, III
35)

+3H20 (Dupont and Jansen, Bull
Soc 1893, (3), 9 193 )

+3J^H20 Insol in cold H2O, si decomp
by boiling (Remdel, J pr 106 378 )

Insol in boiling H2O (Habermann, W A
B 90 2 268)

+4H2O Sol in alkaline solution of KNa
tartrate CGroger, Z anorg 1902, 31 327 )

(Brunswick green) Insol in H O Fasily
sol in acids

Mm Atacamite Sol in acids, and NH4OH
+Aq

Sol in cold sat citric acid+Aq (Bolton,
B 1880, 13 732 )

4CuO, CuCl2+6H20 (Kane, Gm— K
5 1,919)

+8H2O Mm Talhngite (Church, Gm
— K 6 1, 919 )

^CufOH) , Cu C12C1(OH) Insol m H2O
Decomp by hot H2O (Kuhlmg, B 1901,
34 2852)

7CuO, 2CuCl2+9H20 (Remdel)

6CuO,CuCl2-t-9H20 Insol in H2O Sol in
acetic acid (Neumann, Repert, 37 304 )

8CuO, CuCl2+12H20 Mm Footeite
(Komg, Zeit Kryst 1891, 19 601 )

CUPROUS SILICIDE

309

Cupnc zinc oxychlonde, ZnO, 2ZnCl2, 5CuO

+6H20
(Andre, C R 1888, 106 855 )

Cupnc oxychlonde ammonia, 2CuO, CuCl2,

2NH8+3H20
(Deherain, Gm — K 5 1, 932 )

Cupnc oxyfluonde, CuO, CuF2+H20

Insol in H2Q (Beizelius ) (Balbiano,
Gaz/ ch it 14 74)

Cupnc oxyfluonde ammonia (cuprammomum

oxyfluonde), Cu(OH)P, 2NH8
(Balbiano, Gazz ch it 14 74 )
3CuO, CuI2-HsH20 (Tschiriwinski, Gm

— K, 5 1, 1584 )

Cuprous oryiodide, Cu2I2, CuO+H20

(Spring and Lucion, Bull Ac Belg (3)
24 21)

Cupnc oxyiodide, 2CuI2, CuO +4H20

Easily decomp by H20 (Carnegie, Watts7
Dicfc II, 257 )

Copper oxysulphide, 2Cu2S, CuO

Insol in H20 (Maumene, A ch (3) 18
311

5CuS, CuO Ppt (Pelouze)

2CuS, CuO Insol m H20

CuS, CuO Insol in H20

Above comps do not exist (Pickering,
Chem Soc 33 136)

Copper phosphide, Cu6P2

Easily sol m HN03 or aqua regia, msol m
HCl-hAq (Rose, Pogg 6 209 )

Sol in HN03 and Br +Aq Decomp by
hot cone H2S04 (Rubcnovitoh, C R 1899,
128 1399)

Cu2P Sol in HN03+Aq (Granger,
A ch 1898, (7), 14 64 )

Crystallized Completely sol in hot HNO3,
aqua regia and HF-j-HNOg Slowly sol in
hot HC1 or H2SO4 Not attacked by hot or
cold HF or acetic acid (Maronneau, C R
1899, 128 939 )

Cu3P2 Easily sol m HN03 Sol m hot
cone F2S04 Sol m cone HCl+Aq before
the phosphide has been heated (Rose, Pogg
4 110)

Cu2P2 Easily sol m HN03, or HCH-Aq
Sol m NH4OH+Aq (Granger, Bull Soc
(3) 9 661 )

CuP2 Decomp by HN03, not readily
sol m HC1 Fasily attacked by C12 01 Br4-j-
Aq (Granger, C R 1895, 120 924 )

Cu6P2 (Granger, C N 1898, 77 229 )

Very sol in HNO3 and Br2 + \q Decomp
by hot cone H2S04 (Rubenovitch, C R
1899, 129 33S )

Cupnc zinc phosphide, 10Cu«P2, Zn6P2(?)
(Hvoslef, A 100 99)

Copper phosphoselemde, CuSe, P Se
Insol in H2O or HCl+Aq, sol in HNO8+

Aq Insol in cold alkalies, but decomp

slowly when heated therewith (Hahn, J

pr 93 436 )
2CuSe, P2Se8 Attacked only by fuming

HNO3 (Hahn )
2CuSe, P2Sefi Sol only m HN03-f-Aq

(Hahn)

Copper phosphosulphide, 2Cu2S, P2S

Cu2S, P2S (Berzelius)

2Cu S, PA (Berzebus )

CuS, P2S Insol in H20 and dil HC1
-f Aq Sol m cone HCl-f Aq, from which it
is precipitated by H20 (Berzehus, A 46
252)

8CuS, P2S6 (Berzehus )

CuuPSs Sol HI cone HNOa and in aqua
regia Insol in HC1 Not attacked by hot
HoS04 or cone NaOH-f Aq (Ferrand, A
ch 1899, (7), 17 407 )

Cuprous selemde, Cu2Se

Ppt Sol in HC1 and m H2S04

Decomp by HN08 Sol m NH4OH+Aq
(Fonzes-Diacon, C R 1900, 131 1207 )

Sol in KCNT+A-q (Heyn and Bauer,
Metall IQOo, 3 84 )

Mm Berzehamte

Cupnc selemde, CuSe

(Little, A 112 211)

Ppt Sol in HC1 and in H2S04 Decomp
by HNO3 (Fonzes-Diacon, C R 1900, 131
1207)

Cuprocupnc selemde, Cu3Se2

Mm Umangite Sol in HN03 (Klock-
mann, Zeit Kryst 1891 19, 270 )

Cuprous lead selemde, 3Cu->Se, Pb&e

Mm Zorgite »ol in cold cone HNO3-f
Aq with separation of Se

Cupnc lead selemde, CuSe, PbSe
Sol m cold cone HNO3 with separation of

Se (Karsten )

CuSe, 2PbSe As above
CuSe, 4PbSe As above

Cuprous silver selemde, Cu2Se, Ag2Se

Mm Eucaimte Sol m hot HN03 with
decomp (Berzelms )

Cuprous sdicide, Cu4Si

Sol in warm dil or cone HNO3 Only
si sol m HC1, H2S04 and HP Sol m a
mixture of HN03 and HF Not attacked bv
solutions of alkalies ( Vigour oux, C R 190b,
142 88)

310

CUPROUS SULPHIDE

Sol in aqua regia and fused sodium

rtassmm carbonate (de Chalmot, Am Ch
1896, 18, 95 )

Cu2Si Decomp by Water and moist air,
and by acids and fused alkali (Vigouroux,
C E 1896, 122 319 )
Cuprous sulphide, Cu2S

More sol in HaO than Ag2S, but much less
than PbS (Bodlander, Z phys Ch 1898
27, 64 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 3 1+1CH moles Cu2S at
18° (Weigel, Z phys Ch 1907, 68 294 )

Very slowly decomp by dil H2S04 m
presence of oxygen (Thompson, Electro-
chem, Ind 1904 2, 225 )

Decomp bv cone HaSC^ (Pickering, C N
1878, 37, 37 )

Cold HN03+Aq dissolves out Cu and
leaves CuS, hot HN02 dissolves with separa-
tion of S SI sol in boiling cone HCl-h
Aq Insol in (NH4)2S+Aq

5N-HC1 dissolves Cu2S very slightly
(0 0038 g Cu in 7J^ hrs ) but it is more sol
in presence of Cl, when 0672 g are dis-
solved in 11A hours (Egli, Z anorg 1902,
30 46)

Sol with exclusion of air in NH4OH+Aq
(Malzac, Pat 1904 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904,
37 4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Mm Chalcocite Completely sol in warm
HN08 with separation of S

Cupnc sulphide, CuS

Almost absolutely msol in H2O, sol in
950,000 pts H2O when exposed to the air,
dissolves in H2O as CuS04 Easily sol in
boiling HN03 with separation of S Diffi-
cultly sol in hot cone HCl-J-Aq Insol in
dil H2S04+ Aq (1 6) (Hoffmann, A 115
286

Pptd by H2S or (NH4)2S-l-Aq m presence
of 100,000 pts H20 (Pfaff), 200,000 pts H2O
(Lassaigne) 15,000 pts H2O and 7500 pts
HC1, but with 40,000 pts H2O and 20,000
pts HC1 no colour is visible (Remsch)

1 1 H20 dissolves 351+10 6 moles CuS
at 18° (Weigel, Z phys Ch 1907, 58 294 )

Insol in H S03-f Aq (Guerout, C R
1872,75 1276)

Decomp by cone H2S04 (Kliche, J B
1890, 593 )

Sol in (NH4)2C03-f-Aq (Ber^elms ) Sol
in alkali bicarbonates +Aq

Inol mNH^O, oiNH4Cl+Aq (Bictt)

Insol in acidified cone alkali chlorides +
Aq (Cushmann, Am Ch J 1895, 17, 382 )

Sol in FeCla-fAq with separation of S
(Cumenge and Wimmer. Dmgl 1883, 260
123)

Decomp by boiling CuCl2 -h Aq in presence
of HC1 or NaCl (Raschig, Gm— K 5
1, 819)

Sol in Fe2(S04)8-|-Aq in presence of large
excess of air (Thompson, Flectrochem
Ind 1904,2,228)

Insol in KOH, or K2S+Aq, especially if
boiling, appreciably sol in colourless and
even more readily in hot yellow (NH4)2S +Aq

SI sol in Na2S+Aq, more easily in NaSH+
Aq (Becker, Sill Am J (3) 33 199 )

100 ce sat Na2S+Aq (sp gr=1225)
dissolve 00032 fif CuS (Holland, Ann
China Anal 1897, 2 243 )

Sol m K polysulphides (3-64%) (Prost,
Bull Soc Belg Chim 1897 103)

Appreciably sol m alkali polysulphides +
Aq (Rossrng, Z anal 1902, 41, 1 )

Sol m considerable quantity m alkali sulph-
arsenates, sulphantunonates, and sulpho
stannates-f Aq Therefore when a mixed
ppt of CuS and As2S3, Sb2S3, or SnS is treated
with K2S, a portion of the CuS is dissolved
(W&hler, A 34 236 )

Sol in alkali sulphovandates, or sulpho-
tungstates+Aq (Storch, B 16 2015)

Sol in alkali sulphomolybdates + Aq
(Debrav, C R 96 1616 )

Insol in K thiocarbonate -f~ Aq (Rosen
bladt, Z anal 26 15 )

Sol inKCN+Aq

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin. Am Ch
J 1898, 20 827 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 37QO), ethU acetate (Nauminn,
B 1910,43 314)

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329, Eidmann, C C 1899,11 1014)

Insol m Na xanthogenate (Ragg, Ch
Z 1908, 32 677 )

Solubility of CuS m sua;ai + \q it t°
g CuS pei 1 of solution

1°

If % sutar

i"% sUMir

,0V s^ir

17 5

0 %72

0 S632

0 <)07<>

45

0 3659

0 7220

1 C^O

75

1 1345

1 20* *

1 2SO<)

(Stollo, Z Vci Aukuind 1000 50 **I)

Mm Covelhlc

Colloidal Aqueous solution is st ihlc vvhtn
it contains 5 g CuS in a litre , when it cont tins
4 or 5 times that amount it is decomposed in
an hour

Solutions of baits of the following concen-
tration cause a procipitite m the ihovo solu-
tion Salts of umvaJcnt elcmc ntb—

Salts of univalent elements —

K3Fe(CN)6 1 02

K4Fe(CN)6 1 127

Na2S203 1 157

Na2C03 1 200

Na2HP04 1 252

Na2S04 1 333

K2Cr207 1 2083

KI 1 80

KBr 1 133

KC103 1 166

CUPROUS SODIUM SULPHIDE

311

Salts of umvalent elements — Continued
NaC2H302 1 221

(NH4)2C204 1 255

Sa£!™ * 40°

NaHCOa 1 2500

K2SOA 1 117

K2Cr04 1 133

NaC7H502 1 166

K2S206 1 222

KC1 1 333

KN03 1 500

Salts of bivalent metals —

BaS206 1 2242

Cd(N03)2 1 3483

MgS04 1 6830

Ba(N08)2 1 2677

BaCl2 1 3921

Pb(ClO3)2 1 6988

CdSO4 1 3442

MnS04 1 5518

Salts of tuvalent metals —

Ammonia alum 1 31,896

Chrome alum 1 58.889

A12(S04)3 1 90,Q09

Acids —

Succmic 1 100

Oxalic 1 162

HC1 1 733

H SO4 1 208

Citric 1 20

Acetic Not at all
Tartaric " "

(Spring and de Bocck, Bull Soc (2) 58 165 )

Copper pofo/sulphide, Cu2S3

Amorphous Ppt Decomp by boiling
alcohol (Rossmg, Z anorg 1900, 25 413 )

Cu4S6 Amorphous Ppt can be boiled
with H 0 without decomposition (Rossmg,
Z anorg 1900, 25 4, 11 )

Cu Sfi Ppt , mbol in alkali sulphides,
decomp by cone HN()3 (Bodroux, C R
1900, 130 1398)

Could not be obtained (Rossmg, Z
anorg 1900, 25 414 )

Cu2S Ppt Decomp by H/) Sol
in alk ill ind buiuin pnlvsulphidcs+Aq
Decomp bv «>IoiI<ss ill ih sulphides-]- Vq
(Ro-,smjr, / menu; !<)()(), 25 407)

Cuprous iron (ferric) sulphide, Cu2S,

Decomp by cone HCl+Aq Sol m boiling

HNOa+Aq of 1 2 &p gr (Schneider, J pr

(2) 38 569)

Mm ( halcopijnlc Insol in HCl+Aq

When heated in i scaled tube with H2S+Aq,

a portion of it dissolves with difficulty and

subsequent deposition of S (Senarmont, A

ch (3)32 168)

Cuprocupnc iron (ferric) sulphide, Cu2S, CuS,

FeS

Mm Bornite Sol in HCl+Aq with a
residue of S

Cupnc iron (feme) sulphide, CuS,
Min Cubamte

Copper iron potassium sulphide,

SI attacked by cold dil HCl-fAq De-
comp by warnnng (Schneider, Pogg 138
318 )

Copper iron sodium sulphide, Na2FeCu3S4

SI attacked by cold dil , easily decomp by
hot HCl+Aq (Schneider, Pogg 138 318 )

Cuprous lead sulphide, 9Cu2S, 2PbS
3Cu2S, 2PbS
2Cu2S, 2PbS Min CuproplumbUe

Copper phosphorus sulphide
See Copper phosphosulphide

Cupnc platinum sulphide
See Sulphoplatinate, cupnc

Cuprous potassium sulphide, 4Cu S, K2S
(Ditte, C R 98 1429 )

Cuprocupnc potassium sulphide, 3Cu2S,

2CuS, K2S

Not decomp by very dil HCl+Aq, but
easily by cone HCl+Aq on warming
(Schneider, Pogg 138 311 )

Copper potassium poZz/sulphide,

SI sol in cold H20 Decomp by hot
H2O Decomp by cone and dil HC1,
H2S04 and HN03 SI sol in alcohol
(BilU and Heims, B 1907, 40 977 )

2CuS3, K S Decomp bv H O, ]\H4OH,
01 NH4SH+A.q (Pn\\o/mk, B 5 1291 )

K2Cu3Sio Easily sol in H 0 1 g is sol
in less than i> ccm H 0 Rapidh decomp b\
dil acids, slo\\h b\ cone acids SI sol in
ilcohol (Biltz uid Heims, B 1907, 40 9S3 )

Cupnc rubidium pofesulphide, RbCuS4
As K salt (Biltz and Herms, B 1907, 40

978)
Rb2Cu3S10 Easily sol in H 0 Decomp

b\ acid« bl bol in ilcohol i Biltz ind

Herms B 1907, 40 985 )

Cuprous silver sulphide, Cu2S, Ag2S
Mm Stromeyente Sol in HN03+\q

with separation of S
Cu2S, 3Ag2S Mm Jalpaite As above

Cuprous sodium sulphide, Na2S, Cu2S
(Bodlander. Z Elektrochem 1905, 11 181 )
Na2S,2Cu2S (Bodlander, Z Elektrochem

1905, 11 181 )

312

CUPROCUPRIC SODIUM SULPHIDE

Cuprocupnc sodium sulphide, Cu2S, CuS,

Na2S

Scarcely decomp by cold dd HCl+Aq,
cone HCl-fAq decomp easily on warming,
without, however, dissolving all the Cu2S
Completely decomp by warm HNO8-f Aq
{Schneider, Pogg 138 315 )

Copper zinc sulphide, CuS, 3ZnS

Copper sulphophosphide
See Copper phosphosulphide

Cupnc tellunde, CuTe

CuaTeg Insol in H20 (Parkmann, Sill
Am J (2) 3 335 )

CusTe, (Brauner, M 1889 423 )

Croceocobalfcc bromide.

Co(NH8)4(N02)2Br

Very si sol m cold, easily in hot H20
(Gibbs, Proc Am Acad 10 1 )

2Cl, AuCl8

chloraurate,

Difficultly sol in H2O

• chloride, Co(NH8)4(N02)2Cl

Very si sol in cold easily in hot H2O, but
more sol than the sulphate CGibbs )

chloroplataate, 2Co(NH8)4(N02)2Cl,

PtCl4

Can be recrystalhsed without decomp with
difficulty (Gibbs and Genth, Sill Am J (2)
24 91)

• chromate,[ Co(NHs)4(N02)2]2CrO4

SI sol inH20 (Gibbs)

• cfochromate,

SI sol inH20 (Gibbs)

periodide, Co(NFs)4(N02)2I, I2

Difficultly sol m cold H20 and alcohol
Decomp by hot H20 CGibbs)

- nitrate,

SI sol in cold, easily sol in hot H20 or dil
Much more sol than the sulphate
(Gibbs )

Sol m about 400 pts cold H20 (Jorgen-
sen, Z anorg 6 163 )

nitrite cobalhc nitrite, 3Co(NH8)4(N02)2,

Co(N02)8

Somewhat sol in H20 (Jorgensen, Z
anorg 5 178)

• nitrite famine cobaltic nitrite.

11 uuiiuc tif-ttJUULit? uuuaiuu uiujitc*

Co(NH8)4(N02)2,(N02)2(NH8)2CorN02)2
Nearly insol ui cold, very si sol in boiling
H2O ( Jbrgensen )

Croceocobaltic phosphomolybdate,

[Co(NHi)4(N(VJ,0, 24MoO*,P2Ofi
SI sol ui cold, easily in hot H20 (Gibbs,
Am Ch J 3 317)

— sulphate, [Co(NH8)4(N02)2]2S04
Very si sol in cold or hot H2O more
easily in hot dil H2SO4+Aq

Cuprarnmoruum compounds
See Copper compounds, ammonia

Cupro^rammomtim tetrcuo&de
See Cupnc tetraiofade ammonia

Cupric acid

Known only in solution (Kruger, Pogg
62 445)

Calcium cuprate

Decomp by HgO with evolution of oxygen
(Kruger and Crum, A 55 213)

Cyanhydnc acid, HCN

Miscible with H20, alcohol, and ether with
absorption of heat

Sp gr ofHCN-f-Aq

%HCN

Sp gr

% HCN

Sp gr

1 60

0 9979

4 0

0 9940

1 68

0 9978

4 6

0 9930

1 77

0 9975

5 0

0 9923

2 0

0 9974

5 3

0 9914

2 1

0 9973

5 8

0 9900

2 3

0 9970

6 4

0 9890

2 5

0 9967

7 3

0 9870

2 7

0 9964

8 0

0 9840

3 0

0 9958

9 1

0 9815

3 2

0 9952

10 6

0 9768

3 6

0 9945

16 0

0 9570

(Ure, Quar J Sci 13 321 )

2HCN mixed with 3H20 causes a diminu-
tion of temp of 9 75° (Bussy and Buignet,
A ch (4) 3 231 )

Miscible with volatile oils and other organic
compounds

Cyanhydnc lodhydnc acid, HI, HCN

Easily sol m H20 or alcohol, with rapid
decomp SI sol in ether (Gal, A 138 38 )

Cyanides

The alkali cyanides are easily sol m H2O,
those of the alkali-earths are less sol , while
all others are insol with the exception of
Hg(CN)2 All cyanides are sol mKCN-f-Aq

Ammonium cyanide, NH4CN
Unstable, easily sol in H20 and alcohol

CYANIDE, BARIUM NICKEL

313

Ammonium cobaltic mercuric cyanide
See Cobalticyamde, ammonium mercuric

Ammonium cuprous cyanide, NH4CN,

Cu2(CN)2

Ppt Decomp by acids

-r-H20 Sol in H20, less sol in alcohol
Decomp by acids and alkalies (Treadwell
and Girsewald, Z anorg 1904, 39 90 )

2NH4CN, Cu2(CN)2 SI sol in H20, but
decomp by long boiling therewith Sol in
ECN+Aq (Dufau, A 88 278 )

Ammonium cuprous cyanide ammonia,
NH4CN, 2Cu2(CN)2, NH3

Easily decomp (Treadwell and Girse-
wald, Z anorg 1904, 39 90 )

+2H20 Insol in cold, decomp by boiling
H2O Sol in NH4OH+Aq (Fleurent, C B,
1893,116 191)

NH4CN, Cua'CN),, 3NH3 Insol m cold,
si sol m boiling H20 without decomp Sol
in NH4OH+Aq (Fleurent, C R 1891, 113
1046)

NH4CN,2Cu2(CN)2,2NH8+2H20 fFleu-
rent, B 25 498R )

Ammonium gold (aurous) cyanide NH4CN,

AuCN

Easily sol in cold or warm H20 or m al-
cohol Insol in ether

Ammonium gold (aunc) mercuric cyanide.
basic, 3NH4CN, 2Au20, Hg(CN)2, HgO
(Schmidt, Ch Z 1896, 20 633 )

Ammonium mercuric silver cyanide, basic,

NH4CN, 2Ag20, SAgCN, 4Hg(OH)CN+

(Schmidt, Z anorg 1895, 9 431 )

Ammonium nickel cyanide, 2NH4CN,

NifCN),
Easily decomposed

Ammonium tungsten cyanide
See Tungstocyamde, ammonium

Ammonium zinc cyanide, 2NH4CN, Zn(CN)2
Sol in H20

Ammonium cyanide mercuric nitrate silver
cyanide basic, 2Hg(OH)N03 3NH4CN,

4AgCN
(Schmidt, Z anorg 1895, 9 431 )

Arsenic tfncyanide, As(CN)8

Decomp by H20 Not attacked by cole
cone H2SO4 Decomp on heating (Guenez
C R 1892,114 1188)

Banum cyanide, Ba(CN)a

Rather si sol in H20, more easily in KCN
-f Aq (Schulz, J pr 68 257 )

10 pts H20 dissolve 8 pts , and 10 pts 70%
alcohol dissolve 18 pts Ba(CN)2 at 14°
(Joannis, A ch (5) 26 489 )

Insol m methyl slbetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

+2H20 Very deliquescent

Ba(CN)2, BaO (Drechsel, J pr (2) 21
84)

Banum cadmium cyanide, Ba(CN)2,

Cd(CN)2+H2O

Easily sol in H2O and in NE4OH+Aq
SI sol in alcohol (Loebe, Dissert, 1902 )
2Ba(CN)?, 3CdfClSr)2+10rLO Sol m

H20 (Weselsky, B 2 590 )

Banum cobaltous cobaltic cyanide
See Cobaltocobalticyanide, banum

Banum cuprous cyanide, Ba(CN)2, Cu2(CN)2

Sol in H20 without decomp (Traube, Z
anorg 1894, 8 21 )

+H20 (Weselsky, B 2 590 )

Coiild not be obtained (Grossmann, Z
anorg 1905, 43 101 )

+4H20 Decomp by H2O (Grossmann,
Z anorg 1905, 43 101 )

2Ba(CN)2, Cu2(CN)2+6H20 Decomp
by H20 (Grossmann, Z anorg 1905, 43
105)

Banum gold (aurous) cyanide, Ba(CN)2,

2AuCN+2H20

SI sol in cold but easily sol in hot H20
SI sol m alcohol (Lindbom, Lund Umv
Arsk 12 No 6)

Banum indium cyanide
See Indicyamde, barium

Banum manganous cyanide, Ba(CN)2,
2Mn(CN)2

Ppt (Descamps )

See also Manganocyarude and Mangam-
cyanide, banum

Banum mercuric cyanide, (Ba(CN)2,

Hg(CN)2+3H20

Vciv hygiobcopu V(iv sol in II ()
'Grossmann, B 1904, 37 4112)

Banum mercuric cyanide iodide, Ba(CN)o,

HgI2+6H20
(Virit, C R 1S95, 121 40*))

Banum palladium cyanide, Ba(CN)2,

Pd(CN)2+4H20
See Palladocyarude, barium

Banum nickel cyanide, Ba(CN)2, Ni(CN)2-h

3H20

Sol in H20, decomp by acids with pptn
of Ni(CN)i (Weselsky, B 2 590 )

314

CYANIDE, BAEIUM SILVER

Barium silver cyanide, BaCN)2, 2AgCN+

H20
Sol in H20 (Weselsky, B 2 589 )

Barmm zinc cyanide, Ba(CN)2, Zn(CN)2+

2H20
Sol in H20 •

Cadmium cyanide, basic, Cd02H2, 2Cd(CN)2

+4H20

SI sol in H2O, insol in alcohol (Loebe,
Dissert, 1902)

Cadmium cyanide, Cd(CN)2

SI sol in H20 100 pts H2O dissolve 1 7
pts Cd(CN)2atl5° ( Joanms )

Easily sol in acids, sol in KCN+Aq
Sol on warm NH4OH-f-Aq, but msol in
(NH4)2COs+Aq (Wittstein )

Insol in benzomtnle (Naumann, B
1914, 47 1370)

Cadmium calcium cyanide, Cd(CN)2,

4Ca(CN)2+20H20

Sol m H20 and m alcohol (Loebe, Dis-
sert, 1902 )

Cadmium chromic cyanide
See Chromicyamde, cadmium

Cadmium cobaltic cyanide
See Cobalucyanide, cadmium

Cadmium cuprous cyanide, 2Cd(CN)2,

Cu2(CN)2

Permanent Insol in H20 SI sol in
cold, easily in warm HCl+Aq without de-
comp , except by long boiling Insol in
NH4OH, or NH4 salts +Aq (Schuler )

Cadmium cupric cyanide, Cd(CN)2, Cu(CN)
Very unstable

Cadmium gold (aurous) cyanide, Cd(CN) ,

2AuCN

Nearly insol m cold H20 SI sol in boil-
ing H20 Insol in alcohol (Lmdbom )

Cadmium mercunc cyanide, 2Cd(CN)2,
3Hg(CN)2

Permanent
(Schuler )

Readil} sol in cold H20

Cadmium mercunc cyanide mercuric iodide,

Cd(CN)2, Hg(CN)2, HgI2+8H,0
Very sol in H2O (Varet, Bull Soc (3)

5 8)

+7H20 Sol m F20 and m NH4OH+Aq

(Varet, C R 1890, 111, 679 )

Cadmium mercunc cyanide mercunc iodide,

Cd(CN)2, Hg(CN)2, HgI2+8H20
Veiv sol in H20 (Varet, Bull Soc (3)
5 8)

+7H20 Sol m H20 and m NH4OH -f-Aq
(Varet, C R 1890, 111 679 )

Cadmium mercunc cyanide mercunc iodide-
ammonia, Cd(CN)2, Hg(CN)2, HgI2,
4NH8
Very easily decomp (Varet, Bull Soc (3)

6 22)

Cadmium molybdenum cyanide
See Molybdocyanide, cadmium

Cadmium potassium cyanide, Cd(CN)2,

2KCN

Sol m 3 pts cold, and 1 pt boiling H20
Insol in absolute alcohol (Rammelsberg )

Cadmium sodium cyanide, Na2Cd2(CN)6

+3H20

Sol in H20 and m alcohol (Loebe, Dis-
sert, 1902 )

Cadmium strontium cyanide, Cd(CN)2,

2Sr(CN)2+3H20

Sol in H20 and m alcohol (Loebe, Dis-
sert 1902)

Cadmium tungsten cyanide, Cd2W(CN)8+

8H20

Nearlv insol m H20
SI sol in dil HC1 Sol m cone

Aq

Insol m organic solvents (Olsson, Z
anorg 1914,88 68)

Cadmium cyanide efthydrazine, Cd(CN)2,

(N2H4)2

Easily sol m dil aoids (Eranzen, Z
anorg 1911, 70 152 )

Caesium cuprous cyanide, CsCN, CuCN-h

H20 separates CuCN (Grossmann, Z
anorg 1905,43 98)

2CsCN, CuCN+HjO Sol m H20
(Grossmann, rl anorg 1905, 43 9S )

2CsCN, 3CuCN Insol in, ind not de-
comp by H20 (Giobsnunn, / innr>r 1 905,
43 98)

Caesium tungsten cyanide
See Tungstocyamde, caesium

Calcium cyanide, Ca(CN)2

Sol in H20, but the solution is very un-
stable (Schulz )

Ca(CN)2, 3CaO-fl5H20 Decomp by
H20 (Joanms, A ch (5) 26 496 )

Calcium cuprous cyanide, Ca(CN)2, CuCN-f-

4H20

Easily decomp by H O
Z anorg 1905, 43 106 )
Ca(CN)2, 3CuCN+8H20

(Grossmann,
Immediately

CYANIDE AMMONIA, CUPRIC MOLYBDENUM

315

decomp by H20 (Grossmann, Z anorg
1905, 43 99 )

Calcium gold (aurous) cyanide, Ca(CN)2,

2AuCN+3H20

Easily sol in hot or cold H20 or in alcohol
(Lindbom )

Calcitxm manganous cyanide, Ca(CN)2,

2Mn(CN)2
Ppt (Descamps )
See also Manganocyamde, calcium

Calcium mercuric cyanide, Ca(CN)2,
2Hg(CN)2+8H20

Very deliquescent (Grossmann, B 1904.
37 4143)

2Ca(CN)2, 3Hg(CN)2+6H20 Very sol
in H20 (Grossmann, B 1904, 37 4143 )

Calcium mercuric cyanide iodide, Ca(CN)2,

HgI2, Hg(CN)2+7H20
(Varet, C R 1895, 121 499 )

Calcium nickel cyanide, Ca(CN)2, Ni(CN)2+

-cH2O
Sol mH20

Calcium tungsten cyanide
See Tungstocyamde, calcium

Calcium zinc cyanide, (Ca(CN)2, Zn(CN)2+

Cobalt hydrazine cyanide, (JSf2H4)4Co(CN)6
Deliquescent (Franzen, Z anorg 1911,
0 155)

lobaltous cyanide ammonia, Co(CN)2,

2NH3
Unstable (Peters, B 1908, 41 3178 )

Cuprous cyanide, Cu2(CN)2
Insol in F20 and dil acids Sol m
(NH4)2Sp4, or NH4 succinate+

Sol in H2O ind in alcohol (Loebe, Dis-
sert 1902)

Cerous cyanide ( 0

Ppt Very easily dooomp (Bchrmgei, A
42 130)

Chromic cyanide, with MCN
See Chromicyamde, M

Chromous potassium cyanide
See Chromocyanide, potassium

Cobaltous cyanide, ( o(CN)2-f If O

Insol m H2O * isily sol m NH4OH+Aq

and KCN+Aq, ilso m (NH4hCOa, or NH

- >1 m N1I4NO,, or NH4C

Cobaltous cyanide mth 4MCN
See Cobaltocyamde, M

Cobaltic cyanide wUh 3MCN
See Cobaltocyamde, M

Cobalt gold (aurous) cyanide, Co(CN)

2AuCN
Insol m H20 or cold HCl+Aq

Mjn,4i_m, iJM.cu;2DU42i or o.Mi4 succmate-f-
Aq, and in hot NH4C1, or NH4NO8+Aq
Sol in cone HCl+Aq Sol in KCN+Aq

Easily sol in cone NEUSCNorKSCN+Aq

SI sol in NaSCN+Aq (Grossmann, Z
anorg 1903, 37 408 )

SI sol in liquid NH2 (Franklin. Am Ch
J 1898, 20 827 )

Very si sol in pyridme (Schroeder,
Dissert 1902)

Mol weight determined in pyndine
fWerner, Z anorg 1897, 15 20)

Cupnc cyanide, Cu(CN)2
Easily decomp Insol in H20
Sol m pyridine (Schroeder, Dissert 1901 )
Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B

1909,42 3790)

Cuprocupnc cyanide, Cu(CN)2, Cu2(CN)2+
SH2O

Insol in H20, but decomp by boiling Sol
in cold cone HCl+Aq Sol in NH<OH+Aq
(NH4)2C03+Aq, and in hot NH4 salts+Aq
Easily sol in KCN+Aq

+H2O Ppt (Dufau )

+Cu(CN)2, 2Cu2(CN)2+HO Ppt

Cuprous hydrazine cyanide, Ciia(CN) ,

N2HfiCN

m alcohol and H2O (Ferritmi,
C C 1912, 1 12S1 )

Cupnc indium cyanide
See Iridicyamde, cupnc

Cuprous lithium cyanide, Cu2(CN)2, LiCN +

HO

Gradually decomp by H2O (Giobbmann,
Z morg 1905, 43 97 )

Cuprous magnesium cyanide, Cu>(CN)2,

Mg(CN)2+llII2O

Decomp by H O (Grob&minn, Z morg
1905, 43 103)

Cuprous mercuric cyanide bromide, Cu(CN) ,

2Hg(CN)2j HgBi2
Sol in H20 (Varet, C R 1890, 110 14S >

Cupnc molybdenum cyanide ammonia
See Molybdocyamde ammonia, cupnc

316

CYANIDE, CUPROUS POTASSIUM

Cuprous potassium cyanide, Cu (CN)*,

SI sol in H20, with partial decomp De-
comp by acids, but not by alkalies

Decomp by boiling H2O Sol in NH4OH
+Aq (Fleurent, C R 1893, 116 191 )

Sol without decomp in cone KSCN
(Grossmann, Z anorg 1903, 37 407 )

Sol without decomp in KCN-J-Aq
(Treadwell and Girsewald, Z anorg 1904,
38 94)

Cu2(CN)2j KCN-l-H O Almost rasol in
cold H2O 100 cc H20 dissolve 0 0594 g at
15° Decomp by much hot H2O with sep-
aration of Cu2(CN)2 Sol m KCN+4q or in
NH4OH+Aq (TreadweU and Girsewald,
Z anorg 1904, 38 93)

3Cu2(CN)2, 4KCN Sol m H20

Cu2(CN)2, 6KCN Sol m H20

Cuprous potassium, cyanide ammonia.

Cu2(CN)2, KCN, NH8
(Tieadwell and Girsewald, Z anorg 1904,

Oft 00 -\

rous potassium cyanide potassium sul-
phocyamde, Cu2(CN)2, 4KCN, 2KSCN,
H20

Easily sol in cold H2O (Itzig, B 1902,
36 108)

Cupnc potassium cyanide, Cu(CN) , 2KCN

Sol in 3/4 Pt H O at 15° and Va Pt at
100° (Buignet, J Pharm 1859, (3), 35 168 )

Cuprocupnc potassium cyanide Cu2(CN)2,

Cu(CN)2, 2KCN
(Straus, Z anoig 1S95, 9 15)

Cuprous rubidium cyanide, Cu (CN)2,
2RbCN

SI sol in H2O Pure H 0 sepantes CuCN
(Grossmann, Z anorg 1905, 43 100 )

3Cu (CN)2, 4RbCN SI sol in H O
Pine H2O separates CuCN (Grossmann,
Z xnorg 1905, 43 9^ )

Cuprous silver cyanide, Cu (CN)2, 2AgCN

Ppt

Cu (CN),, GAfiCiV Sol m oxcebs of
Cu ( CN)2, KCN + Aq ( R immt Isbcrg )

Cuprous sodium cyanide, Cu fCN) , 2NaGN

( h mix, / inoiK 1S<)4 8 21 )

+ 4f[ O Dccomp by H O Sol
of\iCN+\q ((nossminn /
43 ()() )

Cu2(CN)2, NaCN+2HO Decomp by
HO (Gio&smann. / anorg 1905,43 9(> )

Cu2rCN)2, 4NaCN+bH,O Very sol m
H O without decomp (Grosbmann, Z anorg
1905,43 96)

Cu(CN)2, bNiON+bHO V<rv *o\ in

H2O without decomp
anorg 1905,43 96)

(Grossmann, Z

Cuprous strontium cyanide, Cu2(CN)2,
Sr(CN)2+8H20

H2O separates Cu2(CN)2 (Grossmann, Z
anorg 1905, 43 103 )

Cuprous cyanide ammonia, Cu2(CN)2,

2NH3

Nearly insol in cold H20 Easily sol ir
NH4OH+Aq in absence of oxygen Insol
in alcohol and ether Decomp by hot H2C
and acids (Treadwell and Girsewald. Z
anorg 1904, 39 87 )

Cuprocupnc cyanide ammonia, Cu2(CN)2
Cu(CN)2, 2NH3

(Malmberg, Arch Pharm 1898, 236 256

-f-H2O SI sol in cold, decomp by boiling
H20 Sol m NH4OH+Aq (Dufau, A 88
278)

Cu(CN)2, Cu2(CN)2 3NH3 (Mills, Z
Ch 1867 545)

SI decomp by boiling H20 Sol ir
NH4OH+Aq and can be recryst therefrom
Insol in alcohol and ether Decomp bj
alkalies and acids (Treadwell and Girse
wald, Z anorg 1904, 39 96 )

Cu(CN)2 Cu2(CN)2) 4NH3 Insol m cold
decomp by hot H20 Sol in NH4OH, o]
(NH4)2C03+Aq (Treadwell and Girse
wald, Z anorg 1904, 39 92 )

2Cu2(CN)2, Cu(CN) , 2NH3 Insol ir
H20, alcohol and ether Sol m NH4OH-f
Aq Decomp by boiling acids and alkalies
(Tread well and Gu sew aid, Z inorg 1904,39
92)

+H20 (Monthiei, J Phum 11 257)

Cu(CN)2, 2Cu (CN),, 4VH, (Hillen
kamp, A 97 21S )

Cu(CN)2> 2Cu2(CN) , bNIfi (Sthiff anc
Becchi, A. 134 33 )

2Cu(CN)2, Cu (CN ) , 2NH3 + m O
Element C II 114 101)0)

2Cu(CN) , Cu (CN) , 4NIIj + II O Coi
rut fonnula foi CuCCN)^ Cu (CNj , 4NH8
fBouv< uilt, Bull Soc ( J) 4 (>41 )

Cuprous cyanide ammonium sulphocyamde

Cu (CN) , 3MI4SC N
DC romp by H2O (Giossin um, / inoig
1903, 37 40()

Cupric cyanide hydrazme, CufCN) (N H4)
Insol in H2O ind cold dil icids
Sol in waiin dil icids (Iirin7(n, Z

\noig 1911, 70 154)

Cuprous cyanide mercuric iodide, Cu2(C\)2

HgI2
bol m HO (Varet, Bull &oc (3) 4

484)

CYANIDE, MANGANOUS STROMILM

317

Cuprous cyanide potassium sulphocyamde,
Cu2(CN)2, 3KSCN

Decomp by H20 (Grossmann. Z anorg
1903, 37 409 ) *

Gold (aurous) cyanide, AuCN

Insol in H2O, alcohol, or ether Not at-
tacked by dil , or cone acids, even boiling
aqua regia

Sol in NH4OH+Aq, also in soluble cy-
anides +Aq

Slowly decomp by boiling KOE+Aq, also
by (NH4)2S+Aq

Sol in K4Fe(CN)6+Aq (Bentel, Z
anorg 1912,78 152)

Gold (auric) cyanide with MCN
See Auncyamde, M

Gold (auroaunc) mercunc cyanide aunc
mercunc chlonde, 4AuCN, Au(CN)8,
5Hg(CN)2, 7AuCl3, 5HgCl2
(Schmidt, Ch Z 1896, 20 633 )

Gold (aurous) potassium cyanide, AuCN,
KCN

Sol in 7 pts cold, and less than 0 5 pt boil-
; H2Q SI sol in cold, and somewhat more

sol in boiling alcohol Insol in ether
(Himly, A 42 160 )

Decomp by warm acids, even tartanc, and
acetic acids

Gold (aurous) sodium cyanide, AuCN, NaCN
SI sol in cold, more easily m hot H20
SI sol in alcohol (Lindbom )

Gold (aurous) strontium cyanide, 2AuCN,

Sr(CN)2+3H20
As the Na salt

Gold (aurous) zinc cyanide, 2 AuCN, Zn(CN)2
Nearly msol in hot or cold H20
Insol m cold HCl+Aq

Gold (aunc) cyanide auric mercunc chloride,

Au(CN)3, AuCl3, 2HgCl2
(Schmidt, Ch Z 1806,20 633)

Gold (auroaunc) cyanide aurous mercunc
chlonde, 12AuCN, 3Au(CN)3, 4AuCl,
2HgCl2
(Schmidt, Ch Z 1896, 20 633 )

Gold (auroaunc) cyanide mercuric chlonde

15AuCN, 2Au(CN)3, 5HgCl2
(Schmidt, Ch Z 1896, 20 633 )

Indium cyanide, Ir(CN)3
Insol inH2O Sol mHCN + ^q

Indium cyanide with MCN
See Indicyamde, M

Lanthanum cyanide, La(CN)s

Ppt (Frenchs and Smith, B 11 910,
1151 )

Lead cyanide, Pb(CN)«

SI sol in cold, morp in hot H20 Sol in
HNOs+Aq, and KCN+Aq PartiaUy sol in
NH4OH-j-Aq, and NH4 salts+Aq Not
pptd in presence of Na citrate

Above compound is 2PbO, Pb(CN)*-h
H20 (Joanms, A ch (5) 26 204 )

2PbO, Pb(CN)2+H20 Insol in HSO

Lead tungsten cyanide
See Tungstocyamde, lead

Lead zinc cyanide, Pb(CN)2, 2Zn(CN)2
Ppt (Rammelsberg )

Lead cyanide chlonde, 2Pb(CN)2, PbCl2

Insol m H20 (Gnssom and Thorp, Am
Ch J 10 229)

Lithium mercunc cyanide mercunc iodide,
2Li(CN),, Hg(CN) , HgI2+7H O

Deliquescent, sol m H20 (Varet. C R
111 526)

Magnesium cyanide, Mg(CN)2

Known only in aqueous solution which de-
composes on evaporation (Schulz )

Magnesium mercunc cyanide, 2Mg(C>02,

3Hg(CN)o+5H20
(Grossmann, B 1904, 3* 4143 )

Magnesium mercunc cyanide mercunc
bromide, Mg(CN) , Hg(CN)2, HgBr -f
8H20
Very sol in H 0 (Varet, Bull Soc (3)

7 170)

Magnesium mercuric cyanide mercunc
iodide, MgfCN;, Hg(CN) , Hgl+
8H20
Sol m H20 (Varet, Bull Soc (3) 7 170 )

Magnesium platinum cyanide
See Platinocyamde, magnesium

Magnesium tungsten cyanide
See Tungstocyamde, magnesium

Manganous and manganic cyanides

See Manganocyanhydric, and Mangani-
cyanhydnc acids

LOUS strontium cyanide, 2Mn(CN)2,

Manganous

SrfCN)

Ppt (Descamps )

See also Manganocyamde, strontium

318

CYANIDE, MANGANOUS TUNGSTEN

Manganous tungsten cyanide
See Tungstocyamde, manganous

Manganic cyanide, with MCN
See Manganicyamde, M

Manganous cyanide with MOT
See Manganocyamde, M

Mercunc cyanide, hasic, Hg(CN)2, HgO

SI sol in cold, moderately sol in hot H20
Sol with decomp in KOH, KCN, or KC1+
Aq (Johnston )

Decomp by H20 over 80° (Holdennann,
Arch Pharm 1906, 244 135 )

Cold H20 dissolves about 1%, boiling F20
about 5% (Borelli, Gaz^ ch it 1908, 38
(1;, 361 )

11% dissolves in H20 at ord temp
(Richard, J Chun Phys (6) 18 555 )

At 0° 1/100 mol dissolve in 1 1 H20
At 25° 1/32 " " " " "
At 90° 1/10 " " " " "

(Borelli, Gazz ch it 1908, 38 (1), 361 )

1000 cc cold H20 dissolve 1 35g CHolder-
mann, Arch Pharm 1906, 244 135 )

Less sol in cold H20 than Hg(CN)2
(Pieverlmg, J B 1899, 783 )

Somewhat sol in dil alcohol

Practically insol in alcohol, ether, C6H6
and all organic solvents (Borelli. Gazz ch
it 1908, 38, (1), 361 )

Sol in 110 pt alcohol of 90° Be* CRichard,
J Chun Phys (6), 18 555 )

3Hg(CN)2, HgO (Joannis, A ch (5) 26
469)

Moderately sol in H2O (Barthe, J
Pharm 1896, (6), 3 186 )

Very sol in hot, less sol in cold H20
(Holdermann, Arch Pharm 1904, 242 32 )

Easily sol in HC1 (Joannis A ch 1882,
(5) 26 511 )

Hg(CN)2, 3HgO More sol in H2O than
Hg(CN)2, AgO

Mercuric cyanide, Hg(CN)>

Moderately sol in H20

100 pts Hg(CN)2+Aq sat at 101 1° con-
tain 35 pts Hg(CNk or 100 pts H20 dis-
solve 53 85 pts Hg(CN), at 101 1° (Grif-
fiths )

Sol in 8 pts H20 at 15° (Abl )

Sol m 11 pts cold, and 2 5 pts boiling
H20 (Wittstem )

8 g ire sol m 100 g H2O at -045°
(Guthne, Phil Ma? 1878, (5) 6 40 )

100 g HO disbohe 9 3 g at 13 5° ( Timo-
feiev, Dissert 1894 )

100 oc sat solution contain 9 3 g at 20°
(Konowalow, J russ Soc 1898, (4) 30

Solubility in H20 at 25° = 044 mol 1
(Shernll, Z phys Ch 1903, 43 735 )

1 1 H2O dissolves 0 3956 mol (Hofmann
and Wagner, Z Elektrochem 1909, 15 444 )

100 g H2O dissolve 12 5 g at 15° (Marsh
and Stiuthers, Chem Soc 1905, 87 1879 )

100 g H20 dissolve 11 27 g at 25° Sp gr
of solution = 1 0813 (Herz and Anders, Z
anorg 1907,62 164)

Hg(CN)2+Aq containing 723% Hg(CN)2
hassp gr 20°/20° = 1 0572

Hg(CN)2+Aq containing 9 07% Hg(CN)2
hassp gr 20°/20° = 1 0743
(Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phvs Ch 1896,19
282)

Sp gr at 16°/4° of Hg(CN) 2+ Aq contain-
ing 78921% Hg(CN)2 = 106376, containing
5 4037% = 1 04246, containing 7 5009% -
1 06049 (Schonrock, Z phys Ch 1893, 11
770)

Not decomp by acids except hot cone
H2S04

Sol without decomp mHNOs+Aq (Ber-
zehus)

I 1 NH4OH+4.q (52% NH8) dissolves
204 3 g at about 25° (Konowalow )

Solubility m bases

I 1 H20 containing 0 3286 mols KOH dis-
solves 0 5179 mols Hg(CN)2

1 1 H20 containing 02350 mols NaOH
dissolves 04840 mols Hg(CN)2

I 1 H20 containing 04775 mols NaOH
dissolves 0 5977 mols Hg(CN)2

II H20 containing 0 9475 mols NaOH dis-
solves 0 79603 mols Hg(CN)2

1 1 H20 containing 0 970 mols LiOH dis-
solves 0 6543 mols Hg(CN)2

1 J H20 containing 0 480 mols LiOH dis-
solves 0 5500 mols Hg(CN)2

1 1 H20 containing 0 243 mols LiOH dis-
solves 0 4840 mols Hg(CN)2
(Hofmann and Wagner, Z Elektrochem
1909, 15 444 )

Solubility in KCN-f-Aq at 25°

Concentration of KCN
Mols per htn

0 0493
0 0985
0 1970

Solubility of H^(( N)
Mols pi r lit FL

0 4855
0 5350
0 627

(Shcnill, Z phys Ch 1903, 43 719 )

Solubility m Na2C03+Aq

1 1 H20 containing 0 4923 mols Na2C03
dissolves 04956 mols Hg(CN)2

1 1 HoO containing 0 2443 mols Na2C03
dissolves 04464 mols Hg(CN)2

1 1 H20 containing 0 1250 mols Na CO
dissolves 0 4147 mols Hg(CN)2

1 1 H20 containing 0 0000 mols Na2C08
dissolves 0 3952 mols Hg(CN)
(Hofmann and Wagner, Z Elektrochem,
1909, 15 444 )

CYANIDE, MERCURIC

319

Solubility in JKNOs+Aq at 25°
1 I H20 containing 09574 mols KNO
dissolves 05383 mols HgCCN")3
1 1 H20 containing 04614 mols KNO
dissolves 04619 mols Hg(CN)2
, 1 1 H2O containing 0 0000 mols KN03 dis-
solves 0 3956 mols Hg(CN)2
(Hofmann and Wagner. Z Elektrochem 1909
15 444)

Insol m liquid C02 (Buchner, Z phvs
Ch 1906, 54 674 )
Very easily sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin
Am Ch J 1898, 20 829 )

Solubility of HgtCN^ in ethyl alcohol at t°

Solubility of Hg(CN)2 in ethyl alcohol +Aq
at 25°

P=g alcohol in 100 g alcohol +Aq
Hg(CN)2=millimols Hg(CN)2 in 10 cc of
the solution

P

Hg(CN)

Sp gr

0
20 18
40 69
70 01
100

4 34
3 47
3 58
3 80
3 25

1 0813
1 0339
1 0006
0 9419
0 8552

(Herz and Anders, 1 c )

Solubility of Hg(CN)2 in mixtures of methyl
and ethyl alcohol at 25°

P = % methyl alcohol in the solvent
Hg(ClSI)2=g Hg(CN)2 m 10 ccml of the
solution
S25°/4°=Sp gr of the sat solution

t°

% HgCl2

0
10
20
30
40

8 3
8 8
9 25
9 8
10 3

(Timofeiev, Dissert 1894 )

Solubility of Hg(CN)2 m methyl alcohol at t°
Eg(CN)2=g Hg(CN)2 in 100 g of the
solution

p

Hg(CN)2

S 25°/4°

0
4 37
10 4
41 02
80 69
84 77
91 25
100

0 819
0 902
1 01
1 67
2 82
2 96
3 09
3 43

0 8552
0 8618
0 8707
0 9267
1 024
1 034
1 052 -
1 076

t°

Hg(CN)2

0 0
14 7
23 4
27 4

31 7
38 1
44 5

26 10
29 17
32 01
31 77
32 53
33 29
34 05

(Herz and Kuhn, Z anorg 190S, 58 166 )

(Dukelski, Z anorg: 1907, 53 337 )

100 pfcs methvl alcohol dissolve 442 pts
Hg(CN)2 at 195°, 100 pts ethyl alcohol
dissolve 2 09 pts at 19 5° (de Bruyn, Z
phys Ch 1892, 10 784 )

Sol in 2 5 pts methyl alcohol at 14°, in

20 pts ethyl alcohol at 15°
Soc 1905, 87 1878)

,
(Marsh, Chem

Solubility of Hg(CN) m methyl alcohol -f

Aq at 25°

P = g alcohol m 100 g alcohol -fAq
Hg(CN)2 = millimolb Hg(CN), m 10 cc of

the solution

100 g propyl alcohol dissolve 3 79 £
Hg(CN")j at 135° (limofcnev, Disscit
1894)

Solubility m mixtures of propyl and methyl
alcohol at 25°

P ~ % propyl alcohol in the solve nt
G=g Hg(CN)2 in 10 ccm of the {solution
S « Sp gr of the sat solution

P

Hg(CN)

Sp gr

P

c

S > ) J4°

0
10 60
30 77
37 21
47 06
64 00
78 05
100

4 34
4 37
4 94
5 40
6 49
8 13
9 75
13 60

1 0813
1 0642
1 0484
1 0430
1 0426
1 0441
1 0484
1 0762

0
11 11
23 8
65 2
91 8
93 97
96 6
100

3 43
2 952
2 44S
1 048
0 504
0 423
0 398
0 344

1 0700
1 <B27
0 9891
0 8800
0 837b
0 8335
0 8322
0 8283

(Heiz and Anders, Z anorg 1907, 52 165 )

(Herz and Kuhn, Z anorg 1908, 60 158 )

320

CYANIDE AMMONIA, MERCURIC NICKEL

Solubility in mixtures of propyl and ethyl

alcohol at 25°

P = % propyl alcohol in the solvent
G=g Hg(CN)2 in 10 com of the solution
S=Sp gr of the sat solution

p

G

S 25°/4°

0
8 1
17 85
56 6
88 6
91 2
95 2
100

0 819
0 7QO
0 730
0 521
0 387
0 384
0 364
0 344

0 8552
0 8549
0 8527
0 8386
0 8311
0 8306
0 8293
0 8283

(Herz and Kuhn, 1 c )

at 16°/4° of Hg(CN)2+alcohol,

=085273, con-

Sp gr .

containing 8 2206 %Hg(CN)2
taming 5 8652% =0 8348+

Sp gr of 16°/4° of Hg(CN)2+ pyndine
containing 296018% Hg(CN)2 = 128155,
containing 23 2275% = 1 20198

(Schonrock, Z phys Ch 1893, 11 771 )

1 1 ether dissolves 0 01 mol at 25° (Sher-
nlLZ phys Ch 1903,43 735))

Easily sol in acetone (Krug and M'Elroy,
J Anal Ch 6 84 )

100 g glycerol dissolve 27 g Hg(CN)2 at
155° (Ossendowski, Pharm J 1907, 79
575)

Nearly msol in C6H6 (Shemll, Z phys
Ch 1903, 43 735 )

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
190Q, 42 3790 )

100 g boiling methyl acetate dissolve
3 2 g (Steiner, Dissert, 1906 )

Solubility of Hg(CN)2 in ethyl acetate +Aq
at 25°

P=g ethyl acetate in 100 g ethyl acetate
+Aq

Hg(CN)2 = milhmols Hg(CN)2 in 10 cc of
the solution

P

Hg(CN)2

Sp fcr

0

4 39
96 76
100

4 34
4 295
1 056
0 714

1 0810
1 0797
1 9374
0 09097

(Herz and Anders, Z anorg 1907, 52 165 )

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann. B
1910, 43 314 )

Solubility in organic solvents at 18-20°

100 g tetrachlormethane dissolve 0 001 g
Hg(CN)2

100 g bromoform dissolve 0 005 g
Hg(CJSl)2

100 g ethyl bromide dissolve 0013 g
Hg(CN72

100 g ethylene dibromide dissolve 0 001 g

(Sulc, Z anorg 1900, 25 401 )

100 g acetonitnle dissolve 9 58 g Hg(( \T)2
at 18° (Naumann and Schier, B 1914 47
249)

Solubility in benzomtrile at 18° = 101 g
in 100 g (Naumann, B 1914, 47 1370 )

SI sol in ethyl amme (Shinn, J r ys
Chem 1907, 11 538 )

Very sol in liquid methyl amme (G bs,
J Am Chem Soc 1906, 28 1419 )

Sol m paratoluidme (Werner, Z aj rg
1897, 15 7 )

Mol weight determined in pyndine nd
benzomtnle /'Werner, Z anorg 1897, 15
20 and 32 )

100 g pyndine dissolve 64 8 g Hg(( ^)2
at 18° (Schroeder, Z anorg 1905, 44 < )

Solubility in pyndine

Mols per
100 Hg(CN)

Temp of
Solidification

Mols per
100Hg(CN)j

Tern*
Soiidifii

7 1

9

22 9

45

8 7

11

23 7

46

10 1

12 3

25 3

53

10 4

12 2

26 0

54

11 3

13

26 6

56

12 9

13 5

27 5

68

13 8

14 5

27 7

70

15 8

16 5

29 0

86

15 9

20 5

32 0

111

17 3

22 5

33 8

122

18 4

28 5

34 4

125

19 3

32

38 3

141

20 6

38

22 3

42

rf

/ion

(Staronka, Anz Ak Wiss Krakau, 3
372)

Solubility m qumolme

Mols per
100 Hg(CN)

Temp of
Solidification

Mols pi r
100 H^(CN)

Itmj
Soiidifii

4 2

45°

13 2

13

6 0

54

17 4

16

8 2

89(61)

22 5

18

9 2

99(61)

27 1

19

(Staronka, 1 c )
Solubility m imlino

10

Mols per
100Hg(CN)2

Icnip of
Sohdifieition

MO!M p< r

limi uf
Solidih ion

3 7

14 2

77° ')

4 9

26° (?)

18 2

S3 ?)

5 7

30 5(0

19 7

84 ?)

7 7

35 (?)

23 4

88 ?)

9 2

38 5(?)

(Staronka, 1 c )

Mercuric nickel cyanide ammonia, 2Hg(( ? ) 2,

4Ni(CN)2, 5NH3-f 2H20
(Papiermeistor, Dissert 1898 )
5HgfCN)2, 18Ni(CN)2, 8NH8+15H )

(Papiermeister, Dissert 1898 )

CYANIDE, MERCURIC ZINC BROMIDE AMMONIA

321

Mercuric ^potassium cyanide, Hg(CN)2,
2KCN

Sol in 4 4 pts cold H2O, si sol in alcohol,
decomp by acids

100 g H2O dissolve 22 7 g (Fronmuller,
B 1878,11 92)

Abundantly sol in liquid NH8 (Frank-
lin, Z phys Ch 1909, 69 295 )

Mercuric silver cyanide, basic, Hg(CN)2,

HgO, 7AgCN
Ppt (Bloxam, B 16 2669 )

Mercuric silver cyanide mercuric sulphate,
Hg(CN) , 2AgCN, HgS04+H20

v
Mercuric sodium cyanide, Hg(CN)2, NaCN

Sol in H20 (Grossmann, B 1904, 37
4141)

Mercuric strontium cyanide,
Hg(CN)2Sr(CN)24-5H20
Very hygroscopic Sol in H 0 (Gross-
mann, B 1904, 37 4142 )

Mercuric strontium cyanide iodide, Sr(CN)2

Hglo, Hg(CN)2+7H20
(Varet, C R 1895, 121 499 )

Mercunc thallium cyanide, Hg(CN)2, 2T1CN
Easily sol m H O 100 pts H2O dissolve
7 9 pts it 1°, <\nd 10 3 pts at 10° (Fron-
muller, B 11 92 )

Mercuric zinc cyanide, 4Zn(CN) , Hg(ClN)2
Insol in II () (Dunstin, Chcm Soc 6
66b)

Mercunc zinc cyanide mercuric bromide
ammonia, HgCCNh, /n(CN)2j HgBr ,
4NIla
Decomp by If O SI sol m cold NH4OII

H-\q (Vaut, C U 1SSO, 109 S10 )

Mercuric cyanide ammonia, Hg(CN)2, NH8
Vuysol mil O NH4Ol[+Aq ind alcohol

(Varct, C U 1SS<), 109 005)

bl bol in 110 (Schmidt, B 1894, 27

232)

MU(( \) JMM Ml O 1 isil> <1<-

(onip t\ LK! Hull Soc ( >) 6 22\ )

Mercuric cyanide bromide, llg(CN) ,

H&Hr

Vuy si sol ( v( 11 in boiling II 0 (Prussia,
Gaz/ ch it lb%, 28, (2), 114 )

Mercuric cyanide barium bromide, 2Hg(CN)2

BaBr +bH 0

Easily sol especully in hot H20 and al-
cohol (Vaiet, C R 1895, 121 398)

Mercunc cyanide cadmium bromide,
Hg(CN)2, CdBr2+3H20

2Hg(CN)2, CdBr2+45 H20 Sol in H20
and m NH4OH-f Aq (Varet, C E 1890,

*AJL OoU )

Mercunc cyanide cadmium bromide ammonia
2Hg(CN)2, CdBr2, 4NH8-h2H20

Decomp by H20

SI sol in NH4OH+Aq (Varet, C R
1891, 112 535)

Mercunc cyanide calcium bromide,

rcunc cyanide calcium
2Hg(CN)2, CaBr2+5H20

Sol in 1 pt cold, and 0 25 pt boiling H20,
also in 2 pts cold, and 1 pt boiling 90%
alcohol (Custer )

+7H20 (Varet, C R 1895, 121 399)

Mercunc cyanide cupnc bromide ammonia,

2Hg(CN)2,

CuBr2, 4NH8
20, si sol i
(Varet, Bull Soc (3) 6 221 )

Decomp by H20, si sol in NH4OH+Aq
Soc

Mercunc cyanide lithium bromide, 2Hg(CN)2

2LiBr-f7H20
Deliquescent (Varet, C R 111 526 )

Mercunc cyanide magnesium bromide
See Magnesium mercuric cyanide mercuric

bromide
Hg(CN)2, 2KBr Very sol in H20

(Harth, Z anorg 1897, 14 351 )

Mercunc cyanide potassium bromide,
Hg(CN)2, KBr+2H 0

Sol in 13 34 pts H 0 at 18°, and less than
1 pt boiling H20 (Brett )

Sol without decomp m hot dil H2S04,
HNOa, or HCl+Aq (Brett )

Contains l^H 0 (Berthelot, \ ch (5)
29 22b)

Mercunc cyanide sodium bromide, Hg(CN)2>

Sol in H 0 and alcohol

Mercunc cyanide strontium bromide,

2Hg(CN)2, ferBi +bH20
Sol in H 0 and m alcohol (\aret, C R
1S95, 121 399)

Mercuric cyanide zinc bromide, HgBr?

Hg(CN)2; Zn(CN)2+SH20
Sol in H20 and NH4OH+Aq (Varet,
Bull Soc (3) 5 8 )

Mercunc cyanide zinc bromide ammonia,

HgBr , Hg(CN) , Zn(CN) , 4NHS
As the corresponding chloride (Varet )

322

CYANIDE CHLOEIDE, MERCURIC

Mercuric cyanide chloride, Hg(CN)2,

Sol in H20 Decomp by alcohol, which
dissolves out HgCl2

Mercuric cyanide

chlondef

Hg(CN)2, NH4C1
Sol in H20 and alcohol (Poggiale )
Hg(CN)2, 4NH4C1

Mercunc cyanide barium chloride, 2Hg(CN)2,

BaCl2+4H20

Efflorescent Easily sol in H20 and alcohol
-f 6H20 (Dexter )

Mercunc cyanide barium chloride ammonia,

2Hg(CN)2, BaCl2, 4NH,
Decomp by H20 SI sol in NH4OH-f Aq
i Varet, Bull ^Soc (3) 6 221 )

Mercunc cyanide cadmium chloride,

Hg(CN)2, CdCl2+2H20
Sol in H2O and NH4OH4-Aq (Varet,
BuU Soc (3) 6 8 )

Mercunc cyanide calcium chloride,

2Hg(CN)2, CaCl2+6H20
Efflorescent Very sol in H20 (Varet,
C R 1895, 121 349 )

Mercunc cyanide cerium chloride, 3Hg(CN)2,

CeCl3-J-8H20

Very sol in H20 (Ahlen, Bull Soc (2)
27 365 )

Mercunc cyanide cobaltous chlonde,

Hg(CN)2, 2CoCl2+4H20
Sol in H20 (Poggiale )
2Hg(CN)2, CoCl2+7H20 (Dexter)

Mercunc cyanide cupnc chloride, Hg(CN)2.
CuCl2+6H20

Efflorescent

Sol in H20 and in NH4OH+Aq (Varet,
<C R 1888, 107 1002 )

2Hg(CN)2, CuCl2+6H20 Efflorescent

Very sol in H2O and in NH4OH+Aq
(Varet, C R 1888, 107 1002 )

Mercunc cyanide cupric chloride ammonia,

2Hg(CN)2, CuCl2, 4NH8
Decomp by H20 SI sol m cold NH4OH
-f Aq (Varet, Bull Soc (3) 6 221 )

Mercunc cyanide didymntm chlonde.

3Hg(CN)2, DiCl3+8H20
Very sol m H20 (Ahlen)

Mercunc cyanide erbium chloride, 3Hg(CN)2,

ErCla+8H20
Easily sol m H2O (Ahlen )

Mercunc cyanide hydrazine chlonde,

Hg(CN)2, N2H4, HC1
Very sol in H20

Nearly insol m alcohol and ether (Fei
ratuu, Gazz ch it 1912, 42 (1), 154 )

de feme chlonde, 2Hg(CN)

Mercunc
FeCl

(Dexter )

Mercunc cyanide lanthanum, chlonde,

3Hg(CN)2, LaCl8+8H20
Very sol m H20 (Ahlen)

Mercunc cyanide magnesium chlonde,

2Hg(CN)2, MgCl2+2H20
Easily sol in H20 and dil alcohol (Po
giale)

Mercunc cyanide manganous chlonc ,

Hg(CN)2, MnCl2+3H20
Efflorescent Very sol inH2O (Poggiali

Mercunc cyanide nickel chlonde, Hg(CN ,

NiCl2-f-6H20

Dehquescent Sol in H20 (Poggiali I
2Hg(CN)2, NiCl2+7H20 (Dexter)

Mercunc cyanide chlonde nickel chlon *
oxychlonde,HHg(CN)2,8HgC]2,2NiC ,
8Ni(OH)Cl+76EiO
(Papiermeister, Dissert 1898 )

Mercunc cyanide potassium chlonde,

Hg(CN)2, KC1+H20
Sol in 675 pts H20 at 18° (Bret )
Sol m alcohol

Mercuric cyanide sodium chloride, Hg(CJS ,

NaCl

Easily sol especially in hot H20, insol n
alcohol (Poggiale )

Mercunc cyanide strontium chloride,

2Hg(CN)2, SrCl2+6H20
Easily sol m H20 and dil alcohol (Va t,
C R 1895, 121 349 )

Mercuric cyanide yttrium chloride, 3Hg(C ) 2

YC13+8H20

Easily sol m H20 (Ahlen, Bull Soc >)
27 365)

Mercuric cyanide zinc chloride, 2Hg(CI 2,

ZnCl2-f6H2O

Efflorescent Sol m H20 (Kane)
HgCl2, Hg(CN)2, Zn(CN)2+7H20 f-

florescent Very sol m H2O (Varet, I 11

Soc (3) 5 8 )

Mercunc cyanide zinc chlonde ammo la,
HgCl2, Hg(CN)2, ZnCl2, 4NH8

Decomp by H20 Sol m NH4OH-f q
(Varet, BuU Soc (3) 6 221 )

Hg(CN)2, Zn(CN)2, HgCl2, 6NH3 (V et,
C R 106 1080)

CYANIDE ZINC NITRATE, MERCURIC

323

Mercuric cyanide potassium chromate
See Chromate mercuric cyanide, potassium

Mercuric cyanide potassium ferrocyamde,

3Hg(CN)2, K4Fe(CN)6+4H20
Readily sol in H2O

Mercuric cyanide hydrazine, Hg(CN)2,
N2H4

Very sol in H2O with partial decomp
(Hofmann and Marburg, A 1899, 305 215 )

Hg(CN)«, N2H4 Ppt (Franzen, Z anorg
1911, 70 154)

Mercuric cyanide potassium hydroxide.

Hg(CN)2,E:OH

(Hofmann and Wagner, B 1908, 41 321 )
+1J^H20 (Hofmann and Wagner, B

1908,41 1630)

2Hg(CN)2, KOH+H20 Very sol in H20
(Hofmann and Wagner, B 190§, 41 320 )

Mercuric cyanide sodium hydroxide.

Hg(CN)2 NaOH+l^H20 or H20
(Hofmann and Wagner, B 1908, 41 1631 )

Mercuric cyanide barium iodide, 2Hg(CN)o,

BaI2+4H20

Slowly deliquescent Sol m 16 5 pts cold,
and 0 4 pt boiling H20 Sol in 22 5 pts
cold, and 1 6 pts hot 90% alcohol Solution
is decomp on boiling (Custer )

Mercuric cyanide cadmium iodide, Hg(CN)2,

Cd(CN)2, HgI2+8H20
See Cadmium mercuric cyanide mercuric
iodide

Mercuric cyanide caesium iodide, Hg(CN)2,

Csl

Recryst from H2O without decomp
Decomp by acids (Mathewson and

Wells, Am Ch J 1903, 30 433 )

Mercuric cyanide calcium iodide, 2Hg(CN)2,

CaI2+6H20
SI efflorescent More sol in H20 than
corresponding Sr comp (Custer )

Mercuric cyanide lithium iodide, Hg(CN)2,

2Li(CN)2, HgI2+7H20
See Cyanide, lithium mercuric mercuric
iodide

Mercuric cyanide magnesium iodide,
Hg(CN)2, Mg(CN)2, HgI2+8H20
See Cyanide, magnesium mercuric mercuric
iodide

Mercuric cyanide potassium iodide, Hg(CN)2;
JKI

Sol m 16 pts cold, and less hot H20 Sol
in 96 pts cold alcohol of 34° Baume' (Cail-
lot ) SI sol in ether Decomp by acids

3Hg(CN)2, 2KI4-^H20 (Berthelot )

Mercuric cyanide sodium iodide, Hg(CN)2,
NaI-f2H2O

Sol in 4>£ pts H2O at 18°, and 6/7 pt
soiling H2O

Sol in 2 pts boiling, and 6H pts cold
90% alcohol (Custer )

Mercuric cyanide strontium iodide,

2Hg(CN)2, SrI2+6H20
Sol in 7 pts H20 at 18°, and Ji pt at b -pt
Sol in 4 pts 90% alcohol at 18°, and Yi pt
at b -pt (Custer )

Mercuric cyanide zinc iodide, 2Hg(CN)a,

ZnI2-h6H2O
Efflorescent, sol in H20

Mercuric cyanide iodide potassium cyanide,

HgI2, Hg(CN)2, 2KCN
Easily decomp by dii acids (Rupp
Apoth Ztg , 23 374 )

Mercuric cyanide cadmium nitrate,

2Hg(CN)2, Cd(N03)2+7H20
Decomp by H2O, not by alcohol (Ny-
lander, J B 1869 271 )

Mercuric cyanide cobalt nitrate, 2Hg(CN)2,

Co(N08)2 +7HO

Decomp by H 0, not by alcohol (Ny-
lander )

Mercuric cyanide copper nitrate, Hg(CN)2,

Cu(N03)2+5H2O

Decomp by H2O, not by alcohol (Ny
lander )

Mercuric cyanide ferrous nitrate, 2Hg(CN) ,

Fe(NO,) +7H O

Decomp by HO, m t by ilcohc 1 (Ny
lander ) ,

Mercuric cyanide manganous nitrate,
HS(CN),, Mn(NOO +5H 0

Decomp by HjO, not by alcohol (Ny-
landci )

2Hg(CN) , Mn(NOJ +7H O As ibovc

Mercuric cyanide nickel nitrate, 2Hg(CN) ,

Ni(NOi)j+7H2O

Decomp by H 0 not by alcohol (Ny-
lander )

Mercuric cyanide silver nitrate, 2Hg(CN) ,
AgN03+2H20

SI sol in cold, moie readily m hot H O
Sol with decomp m HN03-hAq

As sol in alcohol as in H2O

Mercuric cyanide zinc nitrate, 2Hg(CN)2,

Zn(NO3)2+7H2O

Sol m H20 with decomp Not decomp by
alcohol (Nylander, J B 1859 271 )

324

CYANIDE, MERCURIC NITRATE SILVER CYANIDE, BASIC

Mercuric cyanide nitrate silver cyanide, basic,

Hg(J\63)CN, lOAgCN, Hg(OH)N03
(Schmidt, Z anorg 1895, 9 431 )

Mercuric cyanide potassium selenocyamde,

Hg(CN)2, KSeCN
SI sol in cold, much more easily sol in hot
H20 or alcohol Traces dissove in ether
(Cameron and Davy, C N 44 63 )

Mercuric cyanide nickel sulphate,

Hg(CN)2, NiS04+9H20
(Papiermeister, Dissert 1898 )

Mercuric cyanide ammonium sulphocyamde,

Hg(CN)2, NH4SCN

Easily sol in hot H20 (Cleve, Bull Soc
(2) 23 71 )

Mercuric cyanide barium sulphocyamde.

2Hg(CN)2, Ba(SCN)2+4H20
Permanent Sol in hot H20 (Cleve )

Mercuric cyanide cadmium sulphocyamde,

2Hg(CN)2) Cd(SCN)2-f4H20
Permanent Sol in hot H20 (Cleve )

Mercuric cyanide calcium sulphocyamde,

2Hg(CN)2, Ca(SCN)2-f8H20
Sol in H20 (Cleve )

Mercuric cyanide cerium sulphocyamde,

3Hg(CN)2, Ce(SCN)J+12H20
Easily sol in hot H20 (John )

Mercunc cyanide didymium sulphocyamde,

3Hg(CN)2, Di(SCN)8+ 6H 0
SI sol m cold, easily in hot H 0 (Cleve )

Mercunc cyanide erbium sulphocyamde,

3Hg(CN)j, 2Lr(SCN), + 12H20
SI sol m cold, easily in hot H^O (Clcvc )

Mercuric cyanide lanthanum sulphocyamde,

N) ,

3Hg(C
Very sol m H O (CUvc )

Mercuric cyanide magnesium sulphocyamde,

2Hg(CN) , Mg(SGN)i+4H20
Ptimimnt ^ ifeily sol in hot H^O
(Cleve )

Mercunc cyanide potassium sulphocyamde,
Hg(CN) , KSCN

Pcimajicnt 1 ibily sol in hot HaO
(Cleve )

+2H O (Phihp, 2 Ch 1867 552 )

Mercuric cyanide rubidium sulphocyamde,

Hg(CN)2 Rb(SCN)

sol in hot H2O without clecomp (Gross-
mann, B 1904, 37 1259 )

Mercunc cyanide samarium sulphocyanid

3Hg(CN)2, Sm(SCN)2+12H20
Easily sol m H20 (Cleve )

Mercunc cyanide sodium sulphocyanid

Hg(CN)2, NaSCN+2H20
Efflorescent Sol m H20 (Cleve, Bu
Soc (2) 23 71 )

Mercunc cyanide strontium sulphocyamd

2Hg(CN)2, Sr(SCN)2+4H20
Efflorescent (Cleve )

Mercunc cyanide yttrium sulphocyanid ,

3Hg(CN)2, Y(SCN)3+12H20
SI sol m warm, much less in cold H2
(Cleve )

Mercunc cyanide zinc sulphocyamde,

2Hg(CN)2, Zn(SCN)2+4H20

SI sol m H20 (Cleve )

Mercunc cyanide zinc sulphocyamde aj
morna, 2Hg(CN)2, Zn(SCN)2, 3NH8
Not efflorescent Decomp by H20

Mercunc cyanide potassium thiosulpha ,

Hg(CN)2, K2S203

Permanent Sol in H20 (Kessler )
-f H20 (Fock and Kluss, B 24 1355

Molybdenum hydroxyl potassium cyam ,
K3Mo(OH)2(CN)6

(Rosenheim and Koss, Z anorg 1906, )
155 )

K5Mo(OH)2(CN)s Voiy bol m H )
(Rosenheim ind Jvoss )

Molybdenum cyanide with MCN
See Molybdocyanide M

Molybdenyl potassium cyanide,
Mo02(CN) , 2KCN

Very sol in H O Aqueous solutioi is
stiblc m prcsonf(> of ilk UK s

Insol m \lcoliol (Pich ird,f C R 1* 4,
118 S05 )

MoO (CN) , iJ\( IN Sol in JI () lu ,1
in iloohol (Jloimann, / inoig 1S9(>, 2
287 )

•f-HaO Sol in HO hisol m ilro )1
(Hofminn )

-HH O Sol m HO Insol m il«* >1
(Hofmann )

Nickel cyanide, Ni(CN)o+^f£oO

Insol in II O * Inbol in cone J1C1, IT l )4,

H^O^+ \q but dccomp by he itmg; th e-

with Sol m NH4OH, wum (NH4) I )4,

or NH4 succmate-fAq, also m IvCN-f q

SI sol m NH4C1, or NH4N03-f Aq (V fct-
stem )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann B
1909, 42 3790 )

CYANIDE, POTASSIUM VANADIUM

325

+3H20, +3MH20,+3% HA -
and +5J^H20 (Papiermeister, Dissert
1898)

+4H20 (Hofmann and Hochtlen, B
1903,36 1149)

Nickel potassium cyanide, Ni(CN)2. 2KCN
+H20

Sol inH20 Decomp by acids with residue
of msol Ni(CN)i

+J^H20 (Rammelsberg )

Nickel sodium cyanide, Ni(CN)2, 2NaCN+

3H2O

Sol in H20. decomp by acids with residue
of Ni(CN).

Nickel strontium cyanide, Ni(CN)2, Sr(CN)2

+zH20
Sol in H20 (Handl, J B 1859 273 )

Nickel cyanide ammonia, Ni(CN)a, NH3+

Scarcely attacked by H20 or dil acids
Sol m cone H2SO4 Sol in (NH4)2C03+
Aq, cone NH4OH+Aq (NH4)2C204-f Aq,
(NH4)2S+Aq, and KCN+Aq Decomp
by boiling with NaOH or KOH (Bernoulli
and Grether, Ch Z 1901, 25 436 )

Nickel cyanide ^nhydrazine, Ni(CN)2,

(N2H4)S
Ppt (Franzen, Z anorg 1911, 70 155 )

Osmium cyanide, Os(CN) (?)
Insol in H20; not attacked by acids
See also Osmocyanhydnc acid

Osmium potassium cyanide
See Osmocyamde, potassium

Palladous cyanide, Pd(CN)

Insol in H/) Insol in dil acids Sol
in KCN or NH4OH+Aq, also in cone HCN
+Aq

Platinous cyanide, Pt(CN),

Insol in H2O, alk ihcs, or acids Sol in
KCN+Aq When fitshly pptd , sol in
NH4OH+Aq

Platinous cyanide with MCN
See Platmocyanide, M

Potassium cyanide, KCN

Deliquesce nt Very sol in II2O

100 pts KCN+Aq, sat at b -pt 10 3 3,°
contain 55 pts KCN, i e 100 pts H2O dis-
solve 122 2 pts KCN at 103 3 ° (Griffiths )

KCN+Aq containing 325% KCN has
sp gr =1 0154, 6 5% KCN, 1 0316 (Kohl-
rausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

KCN+Aq containing 964% KCN has
sp gr 20°/20° = 10514

KCN+Aq containing 1442% KCN has
sp gr 200/20° = 1 0768 (Le Blanc and Roh-
land, Z phy ch 1896, 19 278

Moderately sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin,
Am Ch J 1898, 20 829 )

Almost msol in absolute alcohol

Sol HI 80 pts 95% alcohol when boiling,
and easily sol in 35% alcohol (Geiger, A 1
50)

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
4°-l pts at 195°, 100 pts absolute ethyl
alcohol dissolve 0 87 pt at 19 5° (de Bruyn,
Z phys Ch 10 783 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1909,42 3790^1, ethjl acetate (Naumann,
B 1904, 37 3601 )

100 g glycerol dissolve 32 g KCN at 15 5°
(Ossendowski, Pharm J 1907, 79 575 )

Sol in CS2 when pure (Loughlm, J B
1875 234 )

Wholly insol m CS2 (Moldenhauer, Z
anal 16 199 )

SI sol in benzomtnle (Naumann, B
1914,47 1369)

Potassium chromium teiroxide
K6[(Cr04)2(CN)6]+5H20

Very hygroscopic

Sol in H2O (Riesenfeld, B 1908, 41
3548)

Potassium chromium tefroxide ^cyanide
ammonia, K2[Cr04(CN) NH3]+5H20

Hygroscopic m the air

Easily sol in H2O and m NH4OH+Aq
(Riesenfeld, B 1908, 41 3545 )

Potassium rhodium cyanide
See Rhodocyamde, potassium

Potassium ruthenium cyanide
See Ruthenocyamde, potassium

Potassium silver cyanide, KCN, AgCN

Sol m 47 pts HiO at 15°, 4 pts at 20°,
and in much less at higher temp Sol m 25
pts 85% alcohol (Baup, A ch (3) 53 464 )

Potassium silver sodium cyanide, 2 KCN,

NaCN, UgCN

Sol m 4 4 pts H 0 at 15°, ind 22 pts 85%
ilcohol at 17° (Baup )

Potassium tungsten cyanide
Su Tungstocyamde, potassium

Potassium uranyl cyanide,

(U02)(CN)2, 2KCN

Ppt Sol in HO SI s >1 in pit strut of
luge (xcissof KCN ( Vlo\ \ ch 1()01 (7)
24 417)

Potassium vanadium cyanide, K3V(CN)

Readily sol in H2O, decomp slowly in neu-
tral aq solution, rapidly in acid aq solution,

326

CYANIDE, POTASSIUM ZINC

msol in alcohol (Locke, Am Ch J 1898,

20 601 )

K4V(CN)6+3H20 Sol inH20
Insol m alcohol and ether (Petersen, Z

anorg 1904, 38 345 )

Potassium zinc cyanide, 2KCN, Zn(CN)2

100 pts H20 dissolve 11 pts at 20°
(Sharwood, Eng Mm J 1904, 77 845 )

Potassium cyanide molybdenum dioxide,
4KCN, MoO2+5H20

Sol in H2O Insol m alcohol (Hof-
mann.Z anorg 1896, 12 287 )

+6H20 "Potassium dioxotetracyan-
omolybdate "

Very sol in H20 (Winkler, Dissert
1909)

+8H20 (Rosenheun, Kohn and Gar-
funkel, Z anorg 1910, 65 174 )

+10H20 Decomp by cone HC1, HN08
and H2S04

Not acted upon by cold dil acids (v der
Heide and Hofmann, Z anorg 1896, 12 285 )

5KCN, Mo02+8H20 Sol in H2O Insol
in alcohol (Kalischer, Dissert 1902 )

Potassium cyanide molybdenum d? oxide
hydroxylanune, 4KCN, Mo02, NH2OH
+H20
Sol ni H20

Decomp by dil acids (v der Heide and
Hofmann, Z anorg 1896, 12 282 )

Potassium cyanide molybdenum sulphide,
6KCN, Mo2S3+5H20

Easily sol in H20 Decomp by dil acids
(Hofmann, Z anorg 1896, 12 289 )

Very sol in H 0 Slowly decomp in the
cold bv dil mineral acids (v der Heide and
Hofmann, Z anoig 1896, 12 289 )

Potassium cyanide molybdenum sulpho-

cyanide, 2KCN, MoS2(CN)2
(Pechard, C R 1894, 118, 806 )
5KCN, Mo3S4(CN)3-f 7H20 Sol in H20
Stable toward dil acids and alkalies (Hof-
mann, Z anorg 1896, 12 289 )

Potassium cyanide molybdenum sulphoxy-
cyamde, 4KCN, Mo2SO(CN)2+4H20
Sol m H/) Stable towird dil icidb
(Hofmann, / a,nor& 1896, 12 2S9 )

Potassium cyanide nitrite, KCN, KN02+

Sol m H20, decomp slowly by H20,
explosive (Hofmann, Z anorg 1895, 10 260-
261)

Potassium cyanide sulphur cfooxide, KCN

S02+H20

Much more sol m hot than cold H20
(fitard, C R 88 649 )

KCN, HCN, 2S02+3H20 Very si so
i cold H20, decomp by hot H20 (Etard

Rubidium tungsten cyanide
See Tungstocyamde, rubidium

Rhodium cyanide, Rh(CN)3

Ppt Not decomp by acids Sol i
KCN+Aq (Martius, A 117 361 )

Rhodium cyanide with 3KCN
See Rhodicyamde, potassium

Ruthenium cyanide with 4MCN
See Ruthenocyamde, M

Silver cyanide, AgCN

SI sol m H20

2 2+10-4 g sol in 1 liter of H2O at 19 96
(Bottger, Z phys ch 1903, 46 603 )

1 1 solution m H20 contains 0 000043
AgCN at 17 5° (Abegg and Cox, Z phy
Ch 1903, 46 11 )

Solubility m H20 at 25° =2 22+10
mol per 1 (Lucas, Z anorg 1904, 41 198 )

Insol in dil acids Decomp by con
acids Not sol to any extent m HCN 4- A

Freshly pptd AgCN is not dissolved I
cold dil HNO3, but is attacked by verv d
HN03 on boiling From dry AgCN is d]
solved 5% by boiling 1 hour with 1% HN(
+Aq Cone HN03 dissolves more (Brunc
B 1901, 34 1605 )

Sol in NH4OH+Aq Sol m boihi
KC1, NaCl, CaCl2, BaCl2, or MgCl2+Aq, b
very slowly sol therein at ord temp Sol
Na2S208,K4Fe(CN)6, (NH4)2C08, (NH4)2SC
NH4N03, and NH4 succmate+Aq, and
large amt of hot NH4Cl+Aq (Wittstem

Sol in KCN, NaCN, Ba(CN)2, Ca(CN
or Sr(CN)2+Aq Insol in KOH, or NaO
+Aq Sol in cone boiling AgNO3+A
(Wohler )

Sol m 431 7 pts 5% NH4OH+Aq («
gr 0 998) at 12°, m 184 5 pts 10% NH4OH
Aq (sp gi 096) at 18° (I ongi, Gazz, c
it 13 87)

SI sol in Na citrate +Aq

Sol in Hg(N03)2+Aq

1 1 of a 3-N solution of AgN03 chssoh 3
1 216 g AgCN at 25° (Hcllwig, Z ano:
1900, 25 177 )

Very sol in (NH4)2S203+Aq (Rose
heim and Steinh tuser, Z anorg 1900, *
105)

Moderately sol in liquid NH3 (Frankl ,
Am Ch J 1898 20 829)

SI sol in liquid HF (franklin, Z ano

1905, 46 2 )

Abundantly sol in qumolme at 60° (Var ,
C R 1893, 116 60 )

SI sol in ethyl amine (Shinn, J ph
Chem 1907, 11 538 )

Insol m methyl acetate (Bezold, Disse

1906, Naumann, B 1909, 42 3790), etl 1

CYANOGEN

327

acetate (Earners, Dissert 1906, Naumann,
B 1910, 43 314 )

Silver hydrogen cyanide, AgCN, HCN
(Euler, B 1903, 36 1859 )

Silver sodium cyanide, AgCN, NaCN

Sol in 5 pts H2O at 20° and in much less
hot H2O Sol in 24 pts 85% alcohol at
20° (Baup, A ch (3) 63 468 )

Silver thallous cyanide, AgCN, T1CN

Easily sol in H20 100 pts H20 dissolve
4 7 pts at 0°, and 7 4 pts at 16° (Fron-
muller, B 11 92 )

Silver tungsten cyanide
See Tungstocyamde, silver

Silver cyanide ammonia, AgCN, NH3

Efflorescent Decomp on air

Very sol in ammonia at -10° (Joannis,
C B, 1894, 118 1151 )

Silver cyanide hydrazine, AgCN, N2H4

Decomp in the air

Decomp by H20 (Franzen, Z anorg
1911, 70 153 )

Silver cyanide nitrate, 2AgCN, AgNO3
Decomp by H20

Sodium cyanide, NaCN

Sol in H20 and 75% alcohol

+ J^H20, and 2H20 Very sol in H20, si
sol in alcohol C Joannis, A ch (5) 26 484 )

Sodium tungsten cyanide
See Tungstocyamde, sodium

Sodium zinc cyanide, NaCN, Zn(CN)2+

Much more sol in H20 than the correspond-
ing K Zn salt (Rammelsberg )
+8H2O (Loebc; Dissert 1902 )

Sodium cyanide molybdenum choxide,
4NaCN, MoO2+6H20

( Winkle r, Dissut 1909)

+ 14H2O Sol in H20 (Rosenheim,
Garfunkel and Kohn, Z anorg 1910, 66 174 )

Sodium cyanide molybdenum dioxide hy-
droxylamine, 4NaCN, Mo02, NH2OH
+H20
As K comp (Wmkler, Dissert 1909 )

Strontium cyanide, Sr(CN)2+4H20

Very unstable, very deliquescent, and sol
m H20 (Joannib, A ch (5) 26 496 )

Strontium tungsten cyanide
See Tungstocyamde, strontium

Strontium zinc cyanide, 2Sr(CN)2,

3Zn(CN)2+H2O

Sol in H2O and alcohol (Loebe, Dissert
1902)

Thallous cyanide, T1CN

100 pts H30 dissolve 16 8 pts at 28 5°
(Fronmuller, B 6 1178)

Thallothallic cyanide, T12(CN)4=T1CN,
T1(CN)3

Easily sol inH20

100 pts H20 dissolve 27 3 pts at 30°, 15 3
pts at 12°, 9 7 pts at 0° (Fronmuller, B 11
92)

Thallous tungsten cyanide
See Tungstocyamde, thallous

Thallous zinc cyanide, 2T1CN, Zn(CN)2

Easily sol in H20 100 pts H20 dissolve
8 7 pts at 0°, 15 2 pts at 14°, and 29 6 pts
at 31° (Fronmuller, B 11 92)

Tungsten cyanide with MCN
See Tungstocyamde, M

Zinc cyanide, Zn(CN)2

Insol in H2O and alcohol Sol in alkalies
Easily sol m KCN-f Aq Sol in hot NH4
salts+Aq (Wittstein )

Easily sol m (NH4)2C08+Aq (H-nr^O

Sol in KOH+Aq Solution is
when less than 1 mol Zn(CN)2 to 2
KOH is present When proportion _
Zn02H2 soon separates

Sol in dil KCN+Aq (Sharwood, J
Am Chem Soc 1903, 25 587 )

SI sol in cone Zn salts +Aq 1 1 cone
Zn(C2H302)2+Aq dissolves 4 g, and 1 1
cone ZnSO4-hAq dissolves 2 g Zn(CN)2
Insol in HCN-i-Aq Easily sol in dil
acids (Joannis )

Very sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am
Ch J 1898, 20 830 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910,43 314)

Zinc cyanide ammonia, Zn(CN)2, 2NHS
Decomp on air (Varet, C R 105 1070 )
+H2O Decomp on air Decomp by

H20 Sol in NH4OH+Aq (Varet)

Zinc cyanide cfthydrazine, Zn(CN)2, 2N2H4

Decomp by H20 (Franzen, Z anorg
1911, 70 153 )

Cyanogen, CN

H2O absorbs 4H vols CN gas at 20° Alco-
hol absorbs 23 vols , and ether 5 vols at the
same temperature (Gay-Lussac )

The solution gradually decomposes, but
this is prevented by traces of acids

328

CYCLOTRIBORENE

0221 mol litre are dissolved in H20 at
0° (Naumann, Z Electrochem 1910, 16
177)

Oil of turpentine absorbs 5 vols (Gay-
Lussao ) Absorbed by many essential oils

Very sol m CuCl2+Aq

Absorbed with decomp by NH4OH+Aq
and other alkaline liquids
K Absorbed by aniline (Jacquemam, C R
100 1006)

Cyclotnborene, B3H3

Insol m H20 (Ramsay and Hatfield,
Proc Chem Soc 1901,17 152)

Decamine cobaltic sulphite,

Co2(NH3)lo(S03)3-4-3H20
Sol in H20 (Vortmann and Magdeburg,
B 22 2636)

Decamine cobaltisulphurous acid

Cobaltic decamine cobaltisulphite,
Co2(NH8) io(S03)6Co2 +8H20
Ppt (Vortmann and Magdeburg, B 22
2635)

Sodium decamine cobaltisulphite,

Co2(NH3)io(S03Na)6+2H20
Sol in HoO (Vortmann and Magdeburg,
B 22 2635 )

Diamide,
See Hydrazine

Diamine chromium sulphocyanhydnc

acid, Cr(NH,)12(SCN)3, HSCN+H2O
Sol m H2O (Nordenskiold, Z anoig 1
130)

Diamine chromium cfoaquo sulphocyanide,

Cr(NH3)2(SCN)3+2H,0
Sol m H2O from which it is pptd by con
HCl-hAq (Nordenskiold, Z anoig 1 137 )

Ammonium diamme chromium sulphocy-
anide, Cr(NH3) (SCN)i, NH4SCN

(Reinecke $ salt ) Quite easily sol in H/),
less in alcohol, and msol m benzene Slowly
decomp by boiling H O or dil acids (Noi-
denskiold, Z anorg 1 130 )

+H2O Insol in absolute ether (Chnsten-
sen, J pr (2) 45 218 )

Ammonium diamine chromium sulphocyanide
iodide, Cr(NH3)2(SCN)3, NH4SCN, I

Barium --- , [Cr(NH3) (SCN)3]2,

Ba(SCN)2
Sol in H20 and alcohol (N )

Cadmium diamine chromium sulphocyanide,

Cd(SCN)2, [Cr(NH3)2(SCN)3]2-f H20
Nearly msol in cold, si sol in hot H20
SI sol m boiling alconol (Christensen, J
pr (2) 45 371 )

Cupnc . Cu(SCN)2,

[Cr(NH3)2(SCN)3]2

Insol in H2O or dil acids (Reinecke, A
126 116)

Feme — , [Cr(NH3)2(SCN)81

Fe(SCN)8 (N )

Luteocobaltic ,

Co(NH8)6(SCN)3[Cr(NH3)2(SCN)3]3
As good as msol in cold H20 SI sol i
hot H20 and alcohol (Christensen, J pr (5
46 370)

Mercuric -

-, [Cr(NH8)2(SCN)3]

Hg(SCN)2
Insol in H20 (N )
Insol m H20 and dil acids (Reinecke

Potassium -

KSCN

-, Cr(NH3)2(SCN)

Properties as the NH4 salt (N )

Cr(NH3)2(SCN)3, KSCN, I As the N!
salt (N)

Sodium , NaSCN,

Cr(NH8)2(SCN)^
Sol in H20, alcohol, and ether (Reinecke

Diamine cobaltic nitrite ammomui
nitrite, CO(NH3)2(NO2)3, NH4NO^
Sol in H20 (I rdmann )

nitrite lead nitrite,

2Co(NH3) (N02)3? Pb(N02)
Sol in hot H20 with pirti d d<conip

- nitrite mercurous nitrite,

2Co(NH3)2(NO,)3, Hg2(NO
Ppt Not sol in hot II () without <Ucom

nitrite potassium nitrite,

CofNHO (NO )3, KNO,
Sol in H () (Frdmann, I pr 97

• nitrite silver nitrite,

Co(NH3),(N02)3, AgNO
Ppt Ciystalliscs out of hot HO (Ei
mann )

mtnte thallium nitrite,

Co(NH3)2(N02)3, 11N02
Crystallises out of hot H20 without (
comp

DIDYMIUM OXIDE

329

Dichrocobaltic carbonate,

Co(NH3)3(OH)C03+lMH20
Sol in H20 (Vortmann, B 15 1901 )

Dichrocobaltic chloride, Co(NH3)3Cl3+H20
Quite sol m cold H20, dil acids, cone
H2S04,ordil alcohol

From solution in cone H2S04, the salt is
precipitated by much HCl+Aq Composi-
tion is Co(NH8)3(OH2)Cl3 (Jorgensen, Z
anorg 5 189)

nitrate, Co(NH3)3(N03)3+4H20

Dehquescent Sol m H20 "More sol m

dil HN03-fAq than praseocobaltic nitrate

(Vortmann, B 15 1897)
Anhydrous Insol in H20 as such, but

converted into above salt thereby (Jorgen-

sen, Z anorg 5 186 )

nitrite, Co(NH3)8(N02)3

Difficultly sol in cold, but rather easily sol
m hot H20

sulphate, [Co(NH3)3l2(S04)34-6H20

Easily sol m H20 (Vortmann, B 15
1900)

sulphite, [Co(NH3)3]2(S03)3+H20

Nearly msol m cold, slowly decomp by hot
H20 Decomp by acids or KOH -h Aq Insol
in cold, sol m warm NH4OH+Aq (Kunzel,
J pr (1)72 209) According to Geuther (A
128 157), is a double salt —
[Co(NH3)3]2(S03)3, Co2(S03)3+2H20

Didymium, Di

Slowly decomp bv H 0 Insol in cold
cone H2S04 Sol in dil acidb

Compound of two elements, ncodymmm
and praseodymium (v Wclbbach, W A
B 92 317)

Didymium bromide, DiBr3-f 6H2O

Veiy d( liqiu feeont, ind bol m H2O
(Clevc )

Didymium nickel bromide, 2DiBi3 SNiBr -f

18H20

Deliquescent Vuysol m H/) (Lreriehs
and Smith, \ 191 342 )

Didymium zinc bromide, DiBij 3ZnBr2-f
12H20

Extremely deliquescent (Cleve, Bull
Soc (3) 43 361 )

2DiBr3; 3ZnBu+3bII 0 (I* and S)

Didymium chloride, DiCl8

Anhydrous Deliquescent Sol m H2O
and alcohol (Marignac )

H-6H O Deliquescent Easily sol m
H20 and alcohol (Marignac )

Didymium mercunc chloride, 2DiCl3,
9HgCl2-f24H20

More sol in H2O than the corresponding
La salt (Marignac )

DiCl3, 4HgCl2 + 1 1H2O Not deliquescent
Eaal} sol m H^O

Didymium stannic chloride
See Chlorostannate, didymium

Didymium fluoride, DiFs-f-^H20
Precipitate (Cleve )

Didymium hydrogen fluoride, 2DiF3, 3HF
Precipitate (Smith )
Does not exist (Cleve )

Didymium potassium fluonde, DiF3, KF+

H20

Sol inH20 (Brauner, B 15 114)
-P/3H20 As above (B )
2DiF3, 3KF+H20 As above (B )

Didymium hydroxide,

Insol in KOH, or NaOH+Aq, but is si
sol m NH4Cl+Aq (Rose )

See also Di203

Didymium pera/hydroxide, DiO4H8=Di2O6,

3H20
Precipitate (Brauner, B 15 113 )

Didymium zinc iodide, 2DiI3, 3ZnI2+24H2O
Very deliquescent (Frerichs and Smith )

Didymium oxide, Di2O3

With H20 slowly forms Di2O0H6

Sol in cone , or dil mineral acids (Marig-

nac), and in acetic acid (Heimann) Sol in

ammonium salts-J-Aq
Slightly moie slowly sol in cone NH4NO3

-f Aq than La203 (Dam our and Deville )
A solution of NII4N()d in H2O that can

dissolve 2 9 molb I i Oj dissolves 1 mol

Di203 (Brauner, B 15 114)

Insol in acetone (Nauminn, B 1904,

37 4329)

Didymium peroxide, Di4O •

Sol m acids with decomp (Fienchs, B
7 790)

Not obtained by Clevo (B 11 910 )
Ihc contiadictoiy statements concerning
the composition of Di pci oxide arc owing to
the fact that praseodidymium is the onl> one
of the constituents of Di which easily foims a
peroxide (v Welsbach )

Didymium pentoxi&e, Di 06

Sol m dil HNO3, 01 H SO4+Aq m the
cold without evolution of gas, but gas is
evolved if treated with cone acids Insol
m HF+Aq SI sol in cold NH4NOj+Aq
= Di409 (Cleve)

330

DIDYMIUM OXYBROMIDE

Didymitun oxybromide, DiOBr
(Frenchs and Smith )

Didymium oxychloride, DiOCl
Anhydrous Insol in H20

(Smith)

+3H20 Sol in cold dil HN08+Aq
(Mangnac) SI sol in HCl+Aq (Her-
mann )

Didymmm oxysulphide, Di202S

Insol m H2O Sol m HCl-J-Aq without
residue (Mangnac )

Didymium sulphide, Di2S8

Insol in H2O Decomp by dil acids
(Mangnac, A ch (3) 38 159 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904,
37 4329)

Disulphunc acid, H2S207
See Dtsulphunc acid

Dithiomc acid (Hyposulphtmc acid),

H2S206

Known only in aqueous solution, which is
stable only when dil Can be evaporated in
vacuo until sp gr = 1 347, but decomp upon
further evaporation (Welter and Gay-
Lussac, A ch 10 312)

Dithionates
All dithionates are sol inH2O

Aluminum dithionate, A12(S206)8+18H2O

Extremely deliquescent Easily sol mH20
or absolute alcohol (Kluss, A 246 218)

Aluminum ammonium dithionate,

A12(S206)8, (NH4)2S206+27H20
SI deliquescent Sol m H2O (Kluss, A
246 303)

Ammonium dithionate, (NH4)2S206

Very sol in H2O Sol m 0 79 pt H2O at

16°, with reduction of temp Not decomp on

boiling Insol m absolute alcohol (Heeren,

Pogg 7 172 )
Contains >£H20 Sol m 0 56 pt H2O at

19° (Kluss, A 246 194 )

Ammonium cadmium dithionate,

2(NH4)2S2O6, CdS206-f4MH20
Sol m H20 (Kluss, A 246 298 )

Ammonium cobalt dithionate, 9(NH4)2S2O6,

2CoS206+16^H20
Sol in H2O (Kluss )

Ammonium cupnc dithionate, (NH4)2S2O6,

2CuS2Oe +8H20
Sol mH20

Ammonium ferrous dithionate, 3(NH4)2S206,

Fe2S206-f6H20

Sol m H20 (Kluss, A 246 300 )
9(NH4)2S206, 2Fe2S206+16HE20 Sol

in H20 (Kluss )

Ammonium manganous dithionate,

9(NH4)2S2O6, 2MnS206
Sol m H20 (Kluss, A 246 301 )

Ammonium nickel dithionate, 9(NH4)2S2Oe,

2NiS206+16J^H20
SolinH20 (Kluss)

Ammonium zinc dithionate, 5(NH4)2S2O6,

ZnS206+9H20

Easily sol m H2O (Kluss, A 246 296 )
9(NH4),S206, 2ZnS206+16MH20 Easily

sol mH20 (Kluss)

Ammonium dithionate chloride, (NH4)2S2Os,

NH4C1

Sol in H20 (Fock and Kluss, B 24
3017)

Barium dithionate, BaS2064- 2H20
Not efflorescent Sol in 7 17 pts H20 at

8°, 4 04 pts at 18°. and 1 1 pts H20 at 100°
Insol m alcohol (Gay-Lussac, Heeren)
Sol m 0 994 pt H20 at 102°, the boihng-

pomt of the sat solution (Baker, Bull

Soc (2) 44 166 )
Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B

1909,42 3790)

+4H20 Very efflorescent (Heeren )

Barium magnesium dithionate, BaMg(S2O6)2

+4H20
Sol in H20 (Schiff, A 118 97 )

Barium rubidium dithionate, BaRb4(S2Oe)s

+H20

Sol m H2O Solubility is diminished by
presence of excess of Rb2S04, but increased by
BaS206 (Bodlander, Chem Ztg 14 1140 )

Barium sodium dithionate, BaNa4(S20(J)ti+
4H20

Sol m H2O Decomp by reciystalhsation
(Kraut, A 118 95 )

+6H20 (Scmff )

Barium dithionate chloride, BaS2O6, BaCl2 +

4H20
(Fock and Kluss, B 23 3001 )

Bismuth dithionate, basic, Bi203, S2O6+
+5H20

Efflorescent Insol in H20, but decomp
thereby into the following salt Easily sol
in dil acids, especially HCl+Aq (Kluss, A
246 183)

4Bi208, 3S206+5H20 Insol m H20 Sol
in dil acids (Kluss )

DllJULUiNAJLJL,

Cadmium dithionate

Deliquescent in moist air, very sol in H20
(Heeren, Pogg 7 183)

Cadmium dithionate ammonia, CdS2Oe,

4NH8

Decomp by alcohol, sol in NH4OH-f Aq,
but decomp on heating (Rammelsberg,
Pogg 68 298)

Caesium dithionate, Cs2S206

Easily sol in H20 (Chabrie", C R 1901,
133 297)

Calcium dithionate, CaS2Oe-h4H20
Sol in 2 46 pts H20 at 19°, 0 8 pt at 100 °

Insol m alcohol (Heeren, Pogg 7 178 )
Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904,

37 4329)

Cerous dithionate, Ce2(S206)s+24H20
Very sol in H20 (John )
+3, and 5H20 (Wyrouboff )

Chromic dithionate, Cr2(S206)8+18H20
Sol m H20 and alcohol (Kluss, A 246

189)
3Cr208, 4S206+24H20 Easily sol in H20

or alcohol Insol in ether (Kluss )

Cobaltous dithionate, CoS206-f6H2O
Not deliquescent Very sol in H20

(Heeren )

+8H2O Sol m 0 49 pt H20 at 19° Sol

in absolute alcohol (Kluss, A 246 203 )

Cupnc dithionate basic, 4CuO, S205+4H2O
Very si sol m H20 (Heeren, Pogg 7

18)
Insol m H20, easily sol m dil acids

(Kluss, A 246 208 )

+3H2O Insol m H20 and NaC2H302+

Aq, sol in traces m cone CuS2Oe+Aq

Easily sol in dil acids, even HC2H802, or

H2S206+Aq (Kluss )

Cupnc dithionate, CuS2Ofl4-4H2O
Not efflorescent Very sol m H20 Insol

in alcohol (Heeren )

+5H20 (Efflorescent Sol m 064 pt

H20 at 18 5 ° (Kluss, A 246 204 )

Cupnc dithionate ammonia, CuS2Oe, 4NHs
Difficultly sol m cold H20, moderately sol

in H20 at 40° Decomp by much H20 or by

heating the solution above 60° Decomp by

HCl+Aq (Heeren )
Can be recryst from NH4OH+Aq
Sol in liquid NH8 (Horn, Am Ch J

1908, 39 213 )
CuS2O6, 9NH8 Decomp at ord temp

in the air

Insol m liquid NHS (Horn, Am Ch J

1908, 39 213)

Didymium dithionate, Di2(S2O6)3+24H20
Extremely sol in H20 (Cleve )

Erbium dithionate, Er2(S206)8+18H20

Very sol in H20 or alcohol, msol m ether
^Hoglund )

Glucinum dithonate, basic, 5G10, 2S206-1-

14H20

Easily sol in H20 and absolute alcohol
(Kluss, A 246 196 )

Iron (ferrous) dithionate, FeS206+5H20

Very sol in H20 Insol in alcohol De-
comp in aqueous solution into FeSO4 by
boiling (Heeren, Pogg 7 181 )

+7H20 Sol in 059 pt H20 at 185°
(Kluss, A 246 198)

Iron (feme) dithionate, basic, 8Fe208, S205+

20H20
Insol in H20 or alcohol Very si sol in

H2S206-|-Aq, easily sol in HCl+Aq

(Heeren )

Contains 14H20 (Kluss, A 246 200)
3Fe208, S20«+8H20 Insol in H20

Easily sol m acids (Kluss, A 246 201 1

Lanthanum dithionate, La2(S206)8+16H20,

and 24H20
Sol mH20 (Cleve)

Lead dithionate, basic, 2PbO, S205+2H20
Very difficultly sol in H20 (Heeren,

Pogg 7 171 )

lOPbO, S206+2H20 SI sol m H20

(Heeren )

Lead dithionate, PbS206H-4H2O

Easily sol m H20 (Heern )

Sol m 0 869 pt H2O at 20 5° (Baker,
C N 36 203)

Lead strontium dithionate, (Pb,Sr)S2(X4-
4H2O
(Rammelsberg )

Lithium dithionate, Li2S2OG+2H20

SI deliquescent, and easily sol m H 0
Insol m alcohol (Rammelsberg )

Magnesium dithionate, MgS2(X-f6H20
Sol in 0 85 pt H20 at 13° Solution can

be boiled without decomp (Heeren, Pogg

7 179 )

Sol in 0 692 pt H20 at 17° (Baker, C N

36 203 )

Manganous dithionate, MnS2Oe+3H20
Sol m H20 (Kraut, A 118 98 )
4-6H2O Efflorescent Sol mH2O (Mar

ignac,J B 1855 380)

332

DITHIONATE, MERCUROUS

Mercurous dithionate, Hg2S206

SI sol m cold, decomp by hot H20
(Rammelsberg )

Mercuric dithionate, basic, 5HgO, 2S206
SI sol in cold, decomp by hot HoO
Easily sol m HN03+Aq (Rammelsberg,
Pogg 69 472)

Mercuric dithionate, HgS206+6H2O

Decomp by H20 or on standing (Kluss,
A 246 216 )

Nickel dithionate, NiS206-f6H20

Sol mH20 (Topsoe)

Sol in 0 897 pt H20 at 12° (Baker, C N
36 203)

Nickel dithionate ammonia, NiS2Oe, 6NH3
Can be recryst from warm NH4OH4-Aq
Decomp by H20 (Rammelsberg, Pogg

58 295)

Nickel dithionate hydrazine, NiS20 ,
3N2H4

Unstable

Sol in NH4OHH-Aq (Franzen, Z anorg
1908, 60 267 )

Potassium dithionate, K2S206

Not deliquescent Sol m 16 5 pts H20 at
16°, and 1 58 pts at 100° Insol in alcohol
(Heeren )

Sol in 2 65 pts H2O at 16° (Dumas )

Sol m 16 5 pts H20 at 16°, in 1 58 pts
boiling H2O

Insol m alcohol (Heeren, Pogg 1826, 7
72)

Praseodymium dithionate, Pr2(S20 )3+

12H20

Deliquescent, very sol m H20 (von

Schule, Z anorg 1898, 18 361 )

Rubidium dithionate, Rb)S 0,

Sol m H 0 (Topsoe and Christiansen )

Ruthenium dithionate, Rub Ob

Ppt from iq sol by alcohol (Antony,
Gazz ch it 1898, 28 139-142 )

Silver dithionate, Ag2S O6+2H 0

Sol m 2 pts H/) at 16° Sol m NH4OH +
Aq (Heeren, Pogg 7 191 )

Silver sodium dithionate, AgS 06,

+4H20
Sol m H2O (Kraut, A 118 9b )

Silver dithionate ammonia, \g $ 06, 4NH3

Sol in H20 without decomp (Rammels-
berg, Pogg 58 298 )

Sodium dithionate, Na2S206+2H20
Sol in 2 1 pts H20 at 16°, and in 1 1 pts

boiling H20 Insol in alcohol
Fuming HCl+Aq precipitates the sail

from aqueous solution (Heeren, Pogg 7

76)

+6H20 (Kraut, A 117 97 )

Strontium dithionate, SrS206+4H20

Sol in 4 5 pts H20 at 16°, 1 5 pts boiling
H20 Insol in alcohol (Heeren, Pogg 7
177)

Thallous dithionate, T12S206
Very easily sol m H20 (Werther )

Thallous dithionate sulphate, 3T12S2O6

T12S04

Sol m H20 (Wyrouboff, Ann Phys
Beibl 8 802)

Thorium dithionate, Th(S206)2+4H20 (?)
Very unstable (Kluss, A 246 188 )

Tin (stannous) dithionate, SnSjOe

Known only in solution

8SnO, S205-h9H20 Insol m H20 Sol
in dil acids, even dithionic acid-fAq (Kluss
A 246 186 >

Uranous dithionate, 6U02, S205-hlOH2O
Insol in H2O, sol in warm HCl+Aq

(Kluss, A 246 191 )
7UO2, S205-f-8H2O As above
8U02, S206-f21H2O As above

Dzvanadyl dithionate, (V02)2S20G
Sol m H20 (Bevan, C N 38 294 )

Yttrium dithionate, ¥2(820,) 3-hlSH20

Not deliquescent Easily sol in H2O, but
difficultly sol m alcohol Insol m ether
(Cleve, Bull Soc (2) 21 344 )

Zinc dithionate, ZnSA +OH O

Very sol in H2O, decornp on boiling
(Heeren, Pogg 7 183 )

Zinc dithionate ammonia, ZnS O, , 4NH3
Decomp with H2O, sol m warm, less sol

in cold NH4OH+Aq (Rammdsbug, Pogg

68 2Q7)

+HO Ppt (Ephraim, B 1915, 48

640)

Dysprosium, Dy

(Lecoq de Boisbaudran, C R 102 1005 )

Dysprosium chloride, DyCl3+6H20

Deliquescent, sol m H20 (Urbam, C R
1908, 146 129 )

FERRATE, SODIUM

333

Europium

Europium chloride, EuCl2

Sol in H20 Stable in very dil aqueous
solution, but decomp when the solution is
concentrated at 100° (Urbam, C R 1911,
153 1157)

Erbium, Er

Decomposes H20 (Hoglund )

The so-called element " erbium ' can be
further decomp into simple substances
(Kruss, Z anorg 3 353 )

Erbium bromide, ErBr3+9HoO
Verj deliquescent

Erbium chloride, ErCl8+6H20

Dehquescent Sol in H20 and alcohol
(Hoglund )

Erbium mercuric chloride, ErCls, 5HgCl2+

a;H20
Deliquescent (Cleve )

Erbium fluoride, ErF3

Insol in H2O Verv si sol m HF+Aq
(Hoglund, Bull Soc (2) 18 193 )

Erbium hydroxide, Er20(OH)4

Insol m KOH, 01 NaOH+Aq

Easily sol in icids Decomp ammonium
salts by boiling theicwith

Erbium iodide, 1'ilj

Vciy deliquescent Vuy sol in H2O and
alcohol Inbol m ether (Hoglund)

Erbium oxide, I< i ( )j

Difficultly hut completely sol in waim
HNO3, II SO4; 01 ILCl+\q Decomp NII4
salts by boiling the it v\ itli

Erbium JHI oxide, I i ()

Pieupit if< (Cl<v<, Bull >So<
53)

(2) 43

Erbium sulphide

Decomp in moist ur ind \uth u ids

Erythrochromium bromide,
IKK1! (MlOi.Hi +11 O
Vciy ( IM!> sol m Il() Insol m HBi +
Aq Sol in MIi()II + \q (Joi^enscn, J
pr (2) 25 o% )

bromide, basic, lIOGi,(NlI3)i<,(OII)Bi4

+HO
Veiy sol in H^O (Joigonsen )

chloroiodide, HOCr2(NH3)1((ClI4+H2O

Sol in H O and m alcohol (Jorgensen )

Erythrochromium chloroplatinate,

[HOCr fNH3)10]2(PtCl6)5+10H2O
Nearly msol m H20 (Jorgensen )

— dithionate, basic,

HOCr2(NH3)io(S2O6)2(OH) +2H20

Insol ui H2O Easily sol in very dil
HNOS, HBr, HCl+Aq Sol in cone NH4C1
+Aq ( Jorgensen )

- nitrate, HOCr2(NH3)lo(N03)6+H20
Easily sol in H20 Insol m dil HN08+

Aq Sol m cone HNOS with decomp Very
sol in dil NH4OH+Aq Insol in alcohol
(Jorgensen )

- nitrate, basic, HOCr2(NHs)io(N08)40H
+3^H20

Sol in cold H20 (Jorgensen )

- sulphate, [HOCr2(NH8)io]2(SO4)5
Nearly msol in H20 (Jorgensen )

Tetraf emammonmm, Fe2N
See Iron nitride

Ferric acid

Barium ferrate, BaFe04+H 0

Ppt Can be boiled foi some time with H O
without decomp Decomp by mineral acids
Sol in dil acetic acid (Fremy, A ch (3)
12 373)

Insol in HO, not leadily acted upon by
acids when drv (Rosen, J Am Chem
Soc 1895, 17 76b )

Ppt Jiiibily decomp fry icids (Moesei,
Arch Phirm 1S95, 288 520)

In&ol in ice tone (Neumann, B 1904, 37

Calcium ferrate, C il ^O4

Sol in JIO (Rosdl, J Am Chem Soc
1S95 17 7(>(M)<) )

Potassium ferrate, K lu()4

Vtiy <1< li<iu( s<uit 1 isil\ bol in cold II O
uith ( volution oi much lu it Dctonij) by
bt Hiding 01 winning Duomp by inds 01
ill ilus (I i(in>, A di (>) 12 o(>0)

Sol 111 11 O, msol in dlcohol (]\Iocs<i,
\i<h I'll u m 1S9r), 233 524 )

Quid ly dcconip by pot isfaimn tuti U< 01
i lumitt, sui,u, 01 ilbinmn without sc]) na-
tion of I( Oil!*, by ilcolml with wpuition
oi 1((),1L, Tot issium o\ilit<, icctit(,
foiinitt, ind binzoitt, ilb<> citi \U (Uconip
much moH sloulv Insol in cone KOII +
\q (W ickiniodti, A 33 41)

Sodium ferrate, Na2l e(>4

bol m H 0 ind in cone NaOII+Aq
(I runy , 1 c )

334

FERRATE, STRONTIUM

Strontium ferrate, SrFeO4

SI sol in H2O by which it is decomp

Decomp bv acids

Sol in aqueous solutions of Na aud K salts
with partial decomp

Insol in sat SrBr2+Ag , alcohol and ether
(Eidmann,B 1903,36,2290)

Femcomolybdic acid

Ammonium femcomolybdate, 3(NH4)aO,

Fe208, 12Mo034-19H20
Ppt (Hall, J Am Chem Soc 1907, 29
697)

Femcyanhydnc acid,

H3Fe(Clsr)3, (or HeFe2(CN)12)

Easily sol in H20 or alcohol Solution

decomposes slowly by standing, more rapidly

by heating Insol in ether

Ferricyamdes

The alkali and alkaline-earth f emcyamdes
are sol in 320, the others are insol The
ferncyamdes of metals, the oxides of which
are sol in NH4OH, or KOH+Aq, are them-
selves sol in those reagents

Ammonium femcyamde, (NH4)8Fe(CN)6+
3H20

Permanent Readily sol in H20 (and
alcohol?)

Ammonium ferrous femcyamde,

Sol in H2O and not pptd by alcohol from
aqueous solution More stable than the cor-
responding K salt

Ammonium lead femcyamde,
NH4PbFe(CN)6+3H20

Ammonium potassium femcyamde,

(NH4)2KFe(CN)6

Sol in H2O (Schaller, Bull Soc (2) 1
275 )

Barium femcyamde, Bas[Fe(CN)(,]2 +

20H20

Easily sol in H2O, insol in alcohol
(Schulor, W A B 77 692 )

Barium potassium ferncyamde, BaKFe(CN)6
+3H2O

Permanent Easily sol in HaO, less in
alcohol

Barium femcyamde bromide, Ba3[Fe(CN)b] ,

2BaBr2+20H20

Easily sol in H2O Boiling alcohol does
not dissolve out BaBr2 (Rammelsberg, J
pr (2) 39 463 )

Bismuth femcyamde, Bi8[Fe(CN)6]5

Insol in H20, but decomp by boili
therewith (Murr, Chem Soc 32 40 )

Cadmium femcyamde ammonia,
Cd8[Fe(CN)6]2, 6NH8-f-3H20

Effloresces to form —

Cds[Fe(CN)]2, 4NHS+2H20 Insol
H20 (Wyrouboff, A he (5) 10 413 )

Calcium femcyamde,

or 12H20
Deliquescent Sol in H2O and dil alcoh<

Calcium potassium ferncyamde,

CaKFe(CN)8
Sol in H20

Cerous femcyamde, CeFe(CN)<j-r-4H20
Sol ui H20, easily decomp (John )

Chromic ferncyamde (?)
Ppt

Cobaltous ferncyamde, Co3[Fe(CN)6]2

Insol in H20 and HCl+Aq Sol i
NH4OH+Aq

Cobaltous femcyamde ammonia,

Co3[Fe(CN)6]2, 4NH3+6H2O

Cobaltic ferncyamde ammonia

See Luteo,- purpureo,- etc cobaltic ferr
cyanide

Cuprous femcyamde, (Cu2)8[Fe(CN),]

Sol m NH4OH-hAq, insol m NH4 salts
Aq (Wittstem )

Cupnc femcyamde, Cu3[Fe(CN)f]j
Insol m H20 or NH4 salts +Aq Sol i

NH4OH, and (NH4)2C03+Aq (Witt^tem
Insol mHCl+Aq

Iron (ferrous) femcyamde, 1< ( s[k c(CN), ]2

zH20

(lurnbull's blue) Properties as fern
ferrocyanide (Prussian blu( ), with which it i
perhaps identical (Gmtl, Z anil 21 110

Iron (ferrosofernc) femcyamde,

Fei3(CN)3G-FeIiIFcI3I[le(CN)rjr
(Prussian green ) Insol m H20 or com
HCl-j-Aq, but slowly decomp by boilm
therewith

382r4
12S20 Properties as above (Reynold'
Chem Soc 54 767)

Iron (ferrous) potassium ferncyamde,

KFe2(CN)6=KFeFe(CN)6+4, or 3H20
(Soluble Prussian blue ) Sol m H20, bu
insol in salts-fAq or alcohol

FERRICYANIDE, POTASSIUM

335

Salt of the same composition, called " Wil-
liamson's blue," is insol in H20

Lead femcyamde, basic, Pb3[Fe(CN)6k

3Pb02H2+llH20
(Schuler )

Lead femcyamde, Pb3tFe(CN)6]2+16H20
SI sol in H20, more sol in hot, than cold

H20, but decomp on boiling (Gmehn)
-|-4H20 Easily sol in H20, si sol in

alcohol (Schuler, W A B 77 692 )

Lead potassium femcyamde, PbKFe(CN)6
+3H2O

Sol in 4 75 pts H20 at 16°. and the
tion decomp on standing (Schuler )

+1^H20 Efflorescent Much more sol
in H20 than the Pb salt Insol in alcohol
(Wyrouboff )

Lead femcyamde nitrate, Pb8[Fe(CN)f]2,

Pb(NOs)2+12H20

Sol in 13 31 pts H20 at 16° (Schuler )
+11H20 (Joanms, A ch (5) 26 528 )

Magnesium femcyamde, Mg8[Fe(CN)6]2
Sol m H20

Magnesium potassium femcyamde,

MgKFe(CN)6
(Reindel, J pr 103 166 )

Manganous femcyamde, Mn3[Fe(CN)e]2

Insol in H2O, acids, NH4OH, or NH4 salts
+Aq

Mercurous femcyamde, Hg3Fe(CN)6

Ppt (Fernekes, J Am Chem Soc 1906,
28 604)

Mercuric femcyamde, Hg8[Fe(CN)6]2

Very sol mH2O Solution quickly decomp
(Fernekes, J Am Chem Soc 190b, 28 603 )

Nickel femcyamde ammonia, Ni3[Fe(CN)0]2,

4NH3+H20

Sol m NH4OH+Aq (Reynoso, A ch (3)
30 254)

Nickel femcyamde, Ni3[Fe(CN)6]2(?)
Ppt Insol in HCl-f-Aq

Potassium femcyamde, K3Fe(CN)(j, (or

K,Fe2(CN)12)
Permanent Easily sol in H 0

100 pts H20 dissolve pts K3Fe(CN)6 at t1

100 pts H20 at 13° dissolve 38 pts , and the
solution has sp gr =1 1630 (Scmff, A 113
350)

1 1 sat solution m H O at 25° contains
385 5 g K3Fe(CN)6 (Grube, Z Electrochem
1914, 20 342 )

Sp gr of K8Fe(CN)6+Aqat 13°

&

Sp gr

%
salt

Sp gr

%,
salt

Sp gr

I

1 0051

11

1 0595

21

1 1202

2

1 0103

12

1 0653

22

1 1266

3

1 0155

13

1 0712

23

1 1331

4

1 0208

14

1 0771

24

1 1396

5

1 0261

15

1 0831

25

1 1462

6

1 0315

16

1 0891

26

1 1529

7

1 0370

17

1 0952

27

1 1596

8

1 0426

18

1 1014

28

1 1664

9

1 0482

19

1 1076

29

1 1732

10

1 0538

20

1 1039

30

1 1802

(Sohiff)
Sp gr of K8Fe(CN)6+Aq at 25°

Concentration of KsFe(CN)6
+Aq

Sp gr

1 — normal

l/«~ "

V*

Vr- "

1 0574
1 0289
1 0143
1 0092

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 37)

Sat K3Fe(CN)6-f-Aq boils at 1044°
(Wallace )

1 1 sat solution at 25° of K3Pe(CN)6+
K4Fe(CN)6 contains 338 1 g K3Fe(CN^6 and
7902g K4Fe(CN)6 (Grube)

Solubility of K3leiCN)fi+K4Fe(CN)b in
KOH-Kqat25°

KOH

Normality

g per 1

KaFe(CN)a

!uFe(CN)6

0 4687
0 9628
1 949

309
275 3
200 8

66 64
55 19
35 95

(Giube)
Solubility m KOH+^q at 25°

KOH Normality g K3Fe(CN)6 per 1

t°

Pta
salt

t

Pts
salt

t

Pts
salt

4 4
10

33 0
36 6

15 6
37 8

40 8

58 8

100
1044

77 5
82 6

(Wallace, Chem Soc 7 80 )

KOH Normality

g K3Fe(CN)6 per 1

0 4687
0 Q62S
1 949

342 7
302 3
215 1

Insol m liquid NH8 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 828 )

336

FERRICYANIDE, POTASSIUM SODIUM

Insol in absolute alcohol, and only si sol
m dil alcohol

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4328)

Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910,43 314)

Insol in benzomtnle (Naumann, B
1914,47 1370)

Potassium sodium femcyamde,

KNa2Fe(CN)6
Sol inH20

K NaFe(CN)6 Sol in HoO
K3Na3[Fe(CN)6]2 Sol mH20

Potassium femcyamde iodide, K8Fe(CN)c,

KI
Very unstable

Silver femcyamde, Ag8Fe(CN)6

1 1 H20 dissolves 0 00066 g Ag3Fe(CN)6
at 20° (Whitby, Z anorg 1910, 67 108 )

Sol in NH4OH, and hot (NH4)*C08+Ag,
but msol in NH4 salts +Aq

Insol m Hg(N03)2+Aq (Wackenroder,
A 41 317 )

Silver femcyamde ammonia, 2AgsFe(CN)0,

Insol in H2O Sol m NH4OH-|-Aq

(Gmtl )

2Ag3Fe(CN)6, 5NH3 (Carlo, Gaz/ ch
it 1910, 40 (2) 477 )

Sodium femcyamde, Na3Fe(CN), +H 0

Deliquescent Sol in 5 3 pts cold, and 1 5
pts boiling H 0 Insol in alcohol, but not
pptd thereby from aqueous solution
(Bcttc )

Fernnitrososulphydnc acid

See FerroAeptamtrososulphydric acid

Ferrocyanhydnc acid, H4Ft(CN)o

Sol m H/) and alcohol

100 pts H 0 dissolve 15 pts acid it 14°
(Joanms, A ch (5) 26 514 )

Insol m ether, and much less sol m eth( i
alcohol than in alcohol Insol m corio
HCl-Kq

Ferrocyamdes

The feirocyimdes of the dkah and ilk i
line-earth metils aie sol in H/), tho othcis
aie insol , but sol m ilkahcs-f Aq in case the
base is sol therein

Aluminum ferrocyamde,
17HO

M4[!*e(CN)

SI sol m H20

fel sol in HCl-f-Aq with partial decomp
(\Vyrouboff, 4 ch (5)8 446)

Ammonium ferrocyamde, (NH4)4Fe(CN)6-}-

3H20

Very sol m HJD, insol m alcohol
+H2O (Berzehus )

Ammonium cadmium ferrocyamde ammonia

(NH4)2Cd3[Fe(CN)6]2, 2NH3+H2O
Sol in H20 (Wyrouboff, A ch (5) 10
413)

Ammonium calcium ferrocyamde,

(NH4)2CaFe(CN)6

SI sol m H2O (Kunheim and Zimmer
man, Dmgl 262 478 )

100 g sat solution m H O contain 0 255
g at 16° (Brown, J phys Ch 1898, 2 51

Ammonium cuprous ferro cyanide,

(NH4)2Cu2Fe(CN)c
Insol in H2O and alcohol
Decomp in the air (Messner, Z anorg
1895,8 382)

Ammonium cupric ferrocyamde,

(NH4)3CuFe(CN)o

Ppt

-f sHjjO Very unstable Insol m H 0
decomp b\ boiling H 0 (Messnei,Z inuig
1895,8 384)

Ammonium lithium ferrocyamde,

(NH4) Li2Fe(CN)G+3H2O
Sol m H2O (Wyrouboff, A ch (4) 21
270)

Ammonium magnesium ferrocyamde ,

(NH4) MglufCN),

1 1 sat s)lution it 17° tout mis 2 JS _,
(NIT A- i c\){ (R»hins>n C In in Sx
l«)0f <*~) i

um manganous ferrocvanide,

(NH4) Mnlc(CN),
Ppt (Bluin, Z and 30 2SI)

Ammonium potassium ferrocyamde,
NH4K31((CN), +>JIO
isil> bol ia cold, moic ( tbih m hoi JI ()
Insol in iltohol

(NH4)2K tc(CN),+3HO hoi in JI O

Ammonium potassium ferrocyamde ammo
mum chloride, (NI£i)iKIti( \)
JMl ( 1

S >1 HI H O fli,t ml, J j)i (2) 31 1 ,0 )

Ammonium ferrocyamde bromide,

(NH4)4Fo(CN)«, 2NH4Bi
Permanent Very sol m II O

Ammonium ferrocyamde chloride,

(NH4)4Fe(CN)t, 2NH4Cl-f3H2O
Permanent Very sol m H/), but less s«
than NH4C1 (Bunsen )

FERROCYANIDE, CUPROUS

337

Antimon

ny ferrocyaxudi
(Atterberg )

ie, Sb4[Fe(CN)6]8+

Barium ferrocyamde, Ba2Fe(CN)6+6H20

Permanent SI sol mH20

Sol in 584 pts cold, and 116 pts boiling
H2O (Duflos, 1832), sol in 1800 pts colS
H2O (Porrett, 1814), sol in 1920 pts cold,
and about 100 pts boiling H20 (Thomson),
sol in 2000 pts cold, and 100 pts boiling

Sol in 1000 pts H20 at 15°, and 100 pts at
75° (Wyrouboff, A ch (4) 16 292 )
Sol in HNO3, HC1, or cone H2S04+Aq

Barium cupnc ferrocyamde, BaCuFe(CN)6

Insol in H2O (Messner, Z anorg 1895.
8 389)

Barium potassium ferrocyamde,
BaK2Fe(CN)6+3H20

Sol in 38 pts cold, and 9 5 pts boiling H20
(Duflos, 1832), in 364 pts H20 at 14°, and
119 pts at b -pt (Mosander )

Not more sol in NH4Cl+Aq than m H20
Sol m dil , insol m cone HCl+Aq (Rose )

+5H2O Sol m 300 pts H20 it ord temp
(Wyrouboff )

Bismuth ferrocyamde, Bi2Fe(CN) 6 +

5H2O (?)

SI sol in pure H2O (Wyrouboff )
Bi4[Fe(CN)6]6 Ppt (Muir, Chem Soc

31 657)

Bismuth potassium ferrocyamde,
BiKFe(CN)6+7H2O, or 4H20
Ppt

Cadmium potassium ferrocyamde,
CdK2Fe(CN)6+H20

Insol in H2O

Formula given by Wyrouboff is
CdBK6[Fe(CN)6J4+llH20(i>)

Calcium ferrocyamde, C\2Fe(CN)6+12H20
Very sol in H20 Sol m 0 66 pt H20 at
90° and not pptd by cooling, and is ap-
parently less sol in warm than cold H20
(Wyrouboff , A ch (4) 16 280 )

Calcium cuprous ferrocyamde,

CaCu2Fe(CN)c (Messner, Z anorg
1894, 8 387 )

Calcium cupric ferrocyamde, CaCuFe(CN)fi

Insol m H2O (Messner, Z anorg 1895
8 388 >

Calcium potassium ferrocyamde,

CaK*Fe(CN)6
SI sol in H2O (Kunheim and Zimmer-
man, Dmgl 262 478)

+3H20 Sol in 795 pts H20 at 15°, and
.45 pts at b-pt , -with decomp in the latter
case

Sol m dil , insol in cone HCl+Aq Sol
in HN08 of 1.2 sp gr (Mosander )

Insol in NH4Cl+Aq

Calcium sodium ferrocyamde,

CaNa,[Fe(CN)6]2
Sol rnH20

Calcium strontium ferrocyamde,

CaSrFe(CN)6+10H20
Efflorescent Sol in about 3 pts H20
(Wyrouboff, A ch (4) 21 278 )

Cerium ferrocyamde, Ce4[Fe(CN)6]8+
30H20

Ppt (Wyrouboff )

Cerium potassium ferrocyamde,

CeKFe(CN)6+3H20
Ppt (John )
+4H20 (Wyrouboff )

Chromic ferrocyamde, Cr2[Fe(CN)6]3+

20H20
Ppt

Cobaltous ferrocyamde, Co2Fe(CN)6+
7H20

WhoUy insol in HjjO

Sol in H2S04 with decomp Insol in
HCl+Aq SI sol in NH4OH+Aq Sol in
(NH4)2C08+Aq Insol mNH4Cl+Aq Sol
inKCN+Aq

Cobaltous ferrocyamde ammonia,

Co2Fe(CN)6, 8NH3+10HoO

Ppt Decomp on standing (Curda, Z
Ch 1869 369)

Co2Fe(CN)6, 12NH3+9H20 As above
(Curda )

Cobaltous potassium ferrocyamde,

CoK2Fe(CN)6

Ppt (Wyrouboff )

Co6K6[Fe(CN)6]4 (?) Ppt Insol only in
presence of an excess of K4Fe(CN)6 (Wy-
rouboff )

Columbium potassium ferrocyamde,

Cb16K[Fe(CN)6]2+67H20 (?)

Sol mH20 (Wyrouboff)

Cb12K2Fe(CN)6 + 39H20 (?) Sol m
H20 (W)

(CbO)5K9[Fe(CN)6]6+10H20(?) Ppt (At-
terberg )

Cuprous ferrocyamde, Cu4Fe(CN)6

Insol m H20, sol m NH4OH+Aq, insol
in NH4Cl+Aq

338

FERROCYANIDE, CUPRIC, BASIC

Cupnc ferrocyanide, basic, CuFe(OH)4(CN)4
Ppt (Bong, Bull Soc 23 231 )

Cupnc ferrocyanide, Cu2Fe(CN)6+7H20
Insol m H2O or acids Insol in NH4

salts+Aq Sol in NH4OH+Aq Sol in

(NH4)2C2O4+Aq and in KCN+Aq
Insol in liquid NH8 (Gore, Am Ch J

1898,20 827)

+10H2O Sol in excess of K4Fe(CN)6+

Aq, especially if hot (Wyrouboff )

Cupnc ferrocyamde ammonia (cupram-
momum fenrocyamde), Cu2Fe(CN)6,
4NH8+H2O

Insol in H2O or alcohol Sol in NH4OH+
Aq (Bunsen )
Cu2Fe(CN)6, 8NH3+H2O

Cuprous magnesium ferrocyamde,

Cu2MgFe(CN)6

Very unstable Decomp in air
Insol in H2O (Messner, Z anorg 1895,
8 385)

Cupnc magnesium ferrocyamde,

CuMgFe(CN)8

Insol in H2O Decomp by boiling H2O
Very unstable (Messner. Z anorg 1895, 8
387)

Cuprous potassium ferrocyamde,

Cu2K2Fe(CN)6

Insol in H20 Decomp by boiling H2O
Decomp by acids Insol in alcohol (Mess-
ner, Z anorg 1895,8 378)

+ 1^H2O Insol m H2O, alcohol, or ether
Decomp by acids Sol m KCN-j-Aq

K8Cu2Fe(CN)6+4H20

+5H2O (Wonfor )

+6H2O (Wyrouboff )

Cupnc potassium ferrocyanide, K2CuFe(CN)6

+H20

Insol m cold si decomp bv boiling H20
K2Cu8[Fe(CN)6]2+12H20 Ppt

Cuprous sodium ferrocyamde,

Cu2Na2Fe(CN)6

Decomp by boiling H^O, msol in alcohol,
insol in H2O, decomp by acids (Messner,
Z anorg 1895, 8 373 )

Cupric sodium ferrocyanide,

CuNa2Fe(CN)6

Insol in cold H20 Decomp by boiling
H20 (Moissan, Z anorg 1895, 8 376 )

Cupnc strontium ferrocyamde.

CuSrFe(CN)6

Insol in H2O (Messner, Z anorg 1895,
8 389 )

Didymium potassium ferrocyamde.

DiKFe(CN)6-j-4H20
Ppt (Cleve )
4-2H20 (Wyrouboff )

Erbium potassium ferrocyanide, ErKFeO N")e

(Hoglund )

Gallium ferrocyanide

Sol m boiling HCl+Aq (deBoisbau an,
C R 99 526 )

Glucinum ferrocyamde, Gl2Fe(CN)6, 4G1 2H2

-h7H20 (?)
Sol in H2O (Atterberg )

Iron (ferric) ferrocyanide, Fe?(CN)i =

Fe4[Fe(CN)6]8+zH20

(Prussian blue ) Insol m H20, al< hoi,

ether, or oils Decomp slowly by b hng
H20 Insol in dil mineral acids S in

cone HCl-f-Ap^ and cone H2S04 withoi de-

comp Sol in H2C204 or NH4 tartrate Aq

Insol inNH4OH+Aq Decomp by N OH,

or KOH-|-Aq Not pptd in presence c tar-
trates or citrates

Iron (ferrous) potassium ferrocyanidc

FeK2Fe(CN)6
Insol in H20 Decomp on air

Iron (feme) potassium ferrocyamd<

FeKFe(CN)6

Is probably ferrous potassium ferricy ude,
which see

Iron (ferric) ferrocyanide ammonia,

Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3, 6NH3-f9H2O
Insol m NH4 tartrate +Aq

Lanthanum potassium ferrocyanide,

LaKFe(CN)6+4H20
Ppt

Lead ferrocyamde, Pb2Fe(CN)6+3H2<
Insol m H2O, acids, or NH4OI f-Aq

(Wyrouboff, A ch (5) 8 480 )
SI sol m cone H2SO4, from whic it is

pptd by H2O (Berzehus )

Sol in hot NH4C1, or NH4 succmat f Aq,

msol m other NH4 salts+Aq (Wittc m )
Insol m NH4Cl+Aq (Brett )
Not pptd m presence of Na citrate

(Spiller )

Lithium ferrocyanide, Li4Fe(CN)64-9 2O
Deliquescent Very sol m H20

Lithium potassium ferrocyanide,

Li2K2Fe(CN)6+3H20

Very sol in H20 Sol m 1 5 pts 20 at
ord temp (Wyrouboff, A ch (4) 2 274 )

FERROCYANIDE, POTASSIUM

339

Magnesium ferrocyamde, Mg2Fe(CN)6-f

6H20

Sol in 3 pts cold H20 (Bette, A 22
148)

Magnesium potassium ferrocyamde,
MgK2Fe(CN)6

Sol in 1575 pts H2O at 15°, and 238 pts at
100° Solution is decomp by boiling
(Storeys Diet )

1 1 sat solution at 17° contains 1 95 g
MgK2Fe(CN)6 (Robinson, Chem Soc
1909, 75 1353 )

Manganous ferrocyamde, Mn2Fe(CN)fl+

7H20

Insol inH20 Sol m HCl-fAq Insol in
NH4C1, or NH4N08+Aq

Manganic ferrocyamde, Mn2Fea(CN)i2

Insol in H20 Easily decomp in the air
Sol in HC1 (Straus, Z anorg 1895, 9 8 )

Manganous potassium ferrocyamde,

MnK2Fe(CN)«
Ppt (Berzelms )

5Mn2Fe(CN)6, 4K4Fe(CN)6-KH20(?)
Ppt Sol in dil HCl-f-Aq (Wyrouboff)

Mercuric potassium ferrocyamde,

K2HgFe(CN)6

Insol in HO \ppieciably sol in
K4Fe(CN)6+Aq (Fernckes, J Am Chem
Soc 1906 28 87)

Molybdenum ferrocyamde, Mo4Fe(CN)0+

20H20(?)
Very sol m NH4OH+Aq (Wyrouboff)

Mo2Fe(CN)6+8H2O (?) (W )
+14H2O (?) Very sol m H2O, msol in
alcohol (W )

Molybdenum potassium ferrocyanide,

(Wyrouboff )

K,(MoO,)jlI'e(CN)0ja, 2MoO,-f-20H2O i
(Atterberg )

K6Mo2[i<c(CN)0]2, 2MoO3+12H2O (?
(Atterberg )

Nickel ferrocyanide, Ni2Le(CN)0 + llH2O, or
14H20

Ppt Insol m II2O or HCl+Aq bol m
NH4OH+Aq, msol in NHt silts+Aq Sol
inKCN+Aq

Nickel ferrocyamde ammonia. Ni2Fe(CN)0,
4NH3+H20

Completely msol in H2O and not attacked
thereby, sol in NH4OH+Aq to form—

Ni2Fe(CN)6, 10NH3+4H20 Decomp by
hot H20 (Reynoso, A ch (3) 30 252 )

Ni2Fe(CN)6, 2NH3+4, and 9H2O Hygro-

Easily decomp

(Gintl, J B 1868
Sol

in

scopic
304)

Ni2Fe(CN)6, 8NH3+4H20
NH4OH-f Aq (G )

Ni2Fe(CN)6, 12NH3-f9H20 Sol in
NH4OH-f Aq, but less so than the above
compounds (G )

Nickel potassium ferrocyamde, NiK2Fe(CN)8
+3H20

Ppt (Wyrouboff )
Osmium ferrocyamde, Qs2Fe(CN)6

Ppt (Martius, A 117 368)
Potassium ferrocyamde, K4Fe(CN)6

Permanent Easily sol in cold, and more
easily in hot HoO

Sol in 4 23 pts H20 at 15°, or 100 pts H20
dissolve 23 6 pts salt at 15° (Schiff, A 113
350 )

100 pts H20 dissolve 27 8 pts at 12 2°,
65 8 pts at 37 7°, 87 6 pts at 65 5°, and 90 6
pts at 96 3° (Thomson)

Sol in 4 pts cold, and 2 pts boiling H20
(Wittstem )

100 pts H20 dissolve 29 2 pts salt at 15°,
and solution has sp gr = 1 1441 (Michel
and Kraft, A ch (3) 41 478 )

Solubility of K4Fe(CN)e in H20 at t°
—2° +7° 14° 30° 5j3°
10 8 15 4 17 9 23 0 31 7%
60° 75° 89° 98° 157°
34 0 39 1 41 9 42 6 46 8%
(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 546 )
at 8° has sp

K4Fe(CN)6+Aq sat
13 (Anthon)

Sp gr of K4Fe(CN)6+Aq at 15°

gr

JJBS
enojpvq ^

Sp gr

1,

s*

&

Sp gr

ll

6?

Sp gr

1

2

3
4
5
()

7

1 0058
1 0116
1 0175
1 0234
1 0295
1 0456
1 0417

8
9
10
11
12
13
14

1 0479
1 0542
1 0605
1 0669
1 0734
1 0800
1 08bb

15
16
17
18
19
20

1 0932
1 0999
1 1067
1 1136
1 1205
1 1275

(Schiff, A 113 199)
Sp gi of K4te(CN)6+Aqat25°

Com (nt ration of
lviIi(C N)o+A(i

&P tr

1 — normal

]/2- "

Vi- "

l/T- "

Vib- "

1 0617
1 0300
1 0150
1 0074
1 0037

(Wagaei, Z phys Ch 1890,5 37)

340

FERROCYANIDE, POTASSIUM SAMARIUM

Solubility in KOH-f Aq at 25°

KOH Normality

g K4Fe(CN)(t+3H2O per 1

0 09984
0 2496
0 4963
0 7036
0 9415
1 395
1 883

308 5
283 5
247 1
217 4
184 8
132 1
86 12

(Grube, Z Electroohem, 1914, 20 342 )

K4Fe(CN)6+NaCl+Aq sat at 20° con-
tains 26 6 g NaCl and 17 8 g JK4Fe( CN)6
per 100 g H20, sat at 93° it contains 27 4 g
NaCl and 35 9 g KJSXCNJe per 100 g H2O
(Conroy, J Soc Chem Ind 1898, 17 105 )

K4Fe(CN)6+KCl-{-Aq sat at 21° con-
tains 27 2 g KC1 and 4 2 g KJFeCCNh per
100 g H2O, sat at 99° it contains 39 6 g
KC1 and 17 0 g K4Fe(CN)6 per 100 g H20
(Conroy )

K4Fe(CN)6+Na2C03-hAq sat at 22°
contains 29 9 g Na2CO8 and 26 7 g
K4Fe(CN)6 per 100 g H20, sat at 97° it con-
tains 42 0 g Na2C03 and 27 5 g K4Fe(CN)0
per 100 g H20 (Conroy )

Insol in liquid NHs (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 829 )

Insol in alcohol even when dilute

Insol in methjl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)

Insol m ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1904, 37 3601 )

Insol in benzomtrile (Naumann, B
1914, 47 1370 )

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4328)

-f^H^O 1 I sit solution in H/D contuns
3104 g R4I«o(CN)«+$H/) (Grubc, Llec
tioohcm Z 1014, 20 342 )

Two modifications \\ith diffcnnt s >lubil

Itlfr^h

2F> 0 g of a motlihc ttion tic c out unc<i in
100 k of s >lution it 20°

24 f> & of ft mndific it ion IK (ontam(d in
100 fi of solution it 20° (Bnggs, Chcm
Sor 1011, 99 1024 )

320 g X4Pe(CN)fl (inhydrous) arc dis-
solved in 100 K ![/) a 2r> (\\
ph\s Ch 1010, 71 42S )

Potassium samarium ferrocyamde,

KSmI't(CN)fl+5HjO
Piccipitato (Clcve )
Potassium sodium ferrocyamde,

Sol in H/>

K Na,Fe(CN)6-f-8H2O Easily sol mH20
K,NaFe(CN)B+3HjO Permanent Eas-
il> sol in H2O, insol m alcohol

Potassium sodium ferrocyamde nitrate,

K2Na2Fe(CN)6, 4KN03
Sol in H2O (Martms )

Potassium strontium ferrocyamde.

Easily decomp Sol in H2O, si sol a
alcohol (Wyrouboff, A ch (4) 21 276 )

Potassium stannic ferrocyanide,

KSn3[Fe(CN)6]3-r-68H20 (?)
Ppt (Wyrouboff )

K4Sn10[Fe(CN)6]ai-f230H20 (?) (At -
berg)

Potassium titanium ferrocyanide,

K3Ti3[Fe(CN)6]2+llH20 (?)

Ppt Sol in K4Fe(CN)6+Aq (Wyi 11-
boff )

K4Fe(CN)6, HTi2Fe(CN)6+43H20 )
Ppt (Wyrouboff )

K2(TiO)3[Fe(CN)6h+23H20 (?) >t

(Atterberg )

K8(TiO)n[Fe(CN)j6+110HiO (?) >t
(Atterberg )

Potassium tungsten ferrocyanide,

KW2Fe(CN)6+7H20 (?)
Sol in H20 (Wvrouboff )
K2W6Fe(CN)6-f 20H20 (?) Sol m 3 0

(W)

Potassium uranium ferrocyanide,

K2U3[Fe(CN)6]2+6H20 f?)

K2(U02)3[Fe(CN)6]2+6H20 Ppt (A er-
berg )

K6(U02)6[Fe(CN)o]4+12H20 Sol in 20
(Atterberg )

Potassium vanadium ferrocyanide,

Kl8V[Fc(CN)c]o+39H,O (?)
Ppt SI sol in H2O (Wyrouboff )
Kfl(VO) [I'e(CN)6]44-60H20(?) Ppt At-
toi berg )

Potassium ytterbium ferrocyanide,

KYbFe(CN)c+3H,0
Ppt Sol m oxcoss KJ'o(CN)6 Aq
(Clcvc,/ inors 1002,32 140)

Potassium yttrium ferrocyanide,

Ppt (Wyrouboff, A ch (5) 8 444 )
Potassium zmc ferrocyanide,

Absolutely insol m H2O (Wyroub i, A
ch (5) 8 4S5 )

Potassium ferrocyamde carbonyl,

K8Fe(CN)6(CO)+3J^H20
See Carbonyl ferrocyamde, potassiui

Rubidium ferrocyanide, Rb4Fe(CN)0-| H2O

Sol in less than 1 pt H2O at ord emp

with great absorption of heat (Wyr iboff,
A ch (4) 16 307

FERRONITROSULPEIDE, POTASSIUM

341

Silver ferrocyanide, Ag4Fe(CN)6+H20
Insol in H20 or dil acids Insol in

NH4OH, or NH4 salts + Aq Sol in KCN

+ Aq
Decomp by warm NH4OH+A- (Worth,

Z Ch (2) 6 381 )

Silver ferrocyamde ammonia.
Ag4Fe(CN)6, 2NH3-fH20
(WyroubofT )
+ 6H2O (Gmtl )

Sodium ferrocyamde, Na4Fe(CN)6+12H20
Efflorescent Less sol in HaO than

K4Fe(CN-)6
(John)

Sol in 45 pts H20 at 12°

100 "pts H20 at 155° dissolve 22 pts
(lire's Diet )

100 pts H20 dissohe at

18° 20° 42° 53°

16 7 17 875 30 2 37 1 pts

58° 60° 77° 80°

41 7 42 5 54 8 59 2 pts Na4FeCN«,

96°
62 1

98°
61 6

98 5°

6 30 pts Na4FeCN6

Titanium ferrocyamde, Ti7[Fe(CX)«]j (?)
Ppt (Wyrouboff )

Uranium ferrocyamde, UFe(CN)«4- lOHjO
Ppt (Wyrouboff )

Vanadyl ferrocyamde, (VO)2Fe(CN)6+

11H.O
Ppt (Atterberg )

Yttnum ferrocyamde, Y4[Fe(CN)6]s

Easily sol inH20,insol in alcohol (Popp,
A 131 179 )

Zinc ferrocyamde, Zn«Fe(CN)6-f3EsO

Insol in H2O or acids

Insol in HCl-f Aq (Lea, Sill Am J (2)
31 191 )

Sol in NH4OH, or NH4 salts-f-Aq (Witt-
stem)

Insol in NH4C1, or NH4NO-f Aq (Brett )

SI sol mboilmgK4Fe(CN)6,orKsFe(CN)6
+Aq (Gore )

Na4Fe(CN)6+NaCH-Aq sat at 21° c
ins 29 0 g Nad and 5 8 g NaJFe(CN)«

con-
sper

(Conroy, J Soc Chem Ind 1898, 17 104 )
+10H2O

100 pts H20 dissolve at

18° 20° 42°

29 45 31 85 58 5 pts Na4Fe(CN)6+10H20,

53° 58° 60°

75 9 88 4 90 2 pts Na4Fe(CN)6+10H20,

77° 80° 96°

129 5 146 0 157 0 pts Na4Fe(CN)6+10H20,

98° 98 5°

156 5 161 0 pts Na4Fe(CN)6+10H20

(Conroy )

Strontium ferrocyamde, Sr2Fe(CN)e-fl5H20
Efflorescent Sol m 2 pts cold, and less

than 1 pt boiling H2O (Bette )

Excessively sol in H20 (Wyrouboff, A

ch (4) 16 280 )

+ 8H2O (Wyrouboff )

Thallous ferrocyamde, Tl4Fe(CN)6+2H20
100 pts H2O dissolve 0 37 pt at 18°, and

3 93 pts afc 101° (Lamy )

Sol mKCN+Aq (Kuhlmann)

Thorium ferrocyamde, ThFe(CN)6+4H20
Ppt (Cleve, Bull Soc (2) 24 355 )

Tin (stannous) ferrocyanide, Sn2Fe(CN)6-f

4H20

Insol in H20 or acids, si sol in NH4OH +
Aq (Wyrouboff )

Tin (stannic) ferrocyamde, Sn5[Fe(CN)fl]24-

18MH2O (?)
(Wyrouboff )

100 g HoO, sat at 90° it contains 247 g
NaCland 21 3 g Na4Fe(CN)6 per 100 g HjO

U«.

Very si soi m
Am Ch J 1898, 20 „„„ j
Insol in alcohol

+4H20 Absolutely msol in HO
Wyrouboff, A ch (5) 8 485 )
+8H20 (Weith, A 147 329 )
+ 10H20 (Pebal, A 233 165)

FerroteJramtrososulphydnc acid,

HoS2(NO)4Fe
Insol in H20, si sol in alcohol, more

ILLOUI ULl JJ.2Wj OA OUJ. Ail «J.^WXIWA, 4-l_LWi\.

easily in ether, very sol in CS or CHCls
Not obtained in a pure state (Pa* el, B
15 2600)

Ethyl ferrotefranitrososulphide,

(C2H5)S (NO)4Fe

Insol m H20, difficult!} sol m alcohol,
more easily m ether, and verv eaal} in CS ,
CHC18, C2H5I, or C6H6 (Pa* el, B 15
2609)

Ferrous , FeS2(ISO)4Fe

More difficultly sol in H 0 and alcohol
than the hepta salt

Sol in ether

Potassium , K2S2(NO)4Fe +4H 0

Sol in H20 Easily sol in alcohol, insol

in ether (Pawel, B 15 2600 )
True composition of "mtrosulphide of

342

FERRONITROSOSULPHIDE, SODIUM

iron and potassium" of Roussin (A ch
(3) 62 297 ) (Pawel, B 13 1949 )

Sodium ferrotefrarntrososulphide,
Na2S2(NO)4Fe2+8H20

Sol in H20, easily sol in alcohol, insol
in ether (Pawel )

True composition of "mtrosulphide of
iron and sodium" of Roussin (Pawel)

Thallium , TUSs(NO) JFet

Insol in H20, alcohol, or ether (Pawel )

FerroAepiamtrososulphydric acid,
HS8(NO) Fe4

Insol in H20, alcohol, and ether Easily
sol in CS2 or CHC18 (Pawel, B 15 2604 )

May be called Fernmtrososulphydric acid

Ammonium f erro/iepZorntrososulphide,
NH4S8(NO)7 Fe4+H20

Less easily sol in H20 than the K com-
pound (Pawel, B 15 2600 )

' ' jBmitrosulphide of iron " of Roussm Sol
in about 2 pts boiling H20, very si sol in
cold H2O Very sol in alcohols, methyl,
ethyl, or amyl, and in HC2H502 Miscible
with ether Insol in CS2 or CHCls

Decomp by cone HCLHNOs, or H2S04

Not attacked by H2C204, or H2C4H406+

J in NH4OH, and KOH+Aq (Rous-
nui, A ch (3) 52 286 )

Sol in H2O Insol m alcohol (Hofmann,
Z anorg 1895, 9 299 )

Barium

Easily sol in H20 (Pawel)

Caesium , Fe4(NO)7 S3Cs+H20

Insol m H20 Difficultly sol in alcohol

and ether (Pawel )
Sparingly sol m H2O (Hofmann, Z

anorg 1895, 9 298 )

Calcium

Easily sol in H20 (Pawel )

Ferrous , Fe[S3(NO)7 Fe4]2+8H20

More easily so] m H2O than Na salt
(Pawel )

Lead

Difficultly sol mH20 (Pawel)

Magnesium

Easily sol m H20 (Pawel )

Potassium -

-, KS8(NO)7 Fe4

Sol in H2O, alcohol, and very sol in ether
with slight decomp f Pawel, B 15 2600 )

Rubidium ferro/i^amtroso sulphide,
RbS3(NO)7 Fe4

Less soluble in H20 than the NH4 salt
(Pawel )

-|-H20 Ppt (Hofmann, Z anorg 1895
9 298)

Sodium , NaS8(NO)7 Fe4+2H20

More sol in H20 than the potassium salt
(Pawel )

Ttallium , T1S3(NO)7 Fe4+H20

Very difficultly sol m H20 More casil
sol m alcohol (Pawel) (Hofmann, Z
anorg 1895, 9 297 )

Ferrocfomtrosothiosulphonic acid

Ammonium ferro^mtrosothiosulphonate,

Fe(NO)2S203NH4+H20
Can be crysfc from warm H20 without de
comp (Hofmann, Z anorg 1895, 8 321 )

Caesium , Fe(NO)2S203Cs

Sparingly sol m H20 (Hofmann )

Potassium , Fe(NO)2S 03K+H20

SI sol in H20 without decomp at 80

Sol in 50% alcohol

Sol m H2SO4 without decomp (Ho

mann)

Rubidium , Fe(NO)2S2OsRb-fH2O

Less sol in H2O than the correspondir
Na salt (Hofmann )

Sodium , Fe(NO)2S203Na+2H2O

Closely resembles K salt, but is more so
m H20 and alcohol (Hofmann )

Ferrotungstic acid
Sol m H2O (Laurent, C R 31 693 )

Ammonium manganous ferrotungstate,
12(NH4)2O, 6MnO, 2Fe2O3, 3H2O,
45W03-f81H2O
Sol in H20 (Laurent )

Barium ferrotungstate, 21BaO. 2Fe2O3,
45W03-h27H20

Sol in H20 (I aurent )

Potassium ferrotungstate, 9K2O, 2I<e2O
12H20, 45W03+54H20

Sol in H2O (Laurent )

18K20, 2Ie203, 3H20, 45WO3+54H2C
(Laurent )

Ferrous acid

Barium femte, BaO, Fe203
Ppt (List, B 11 1512)

FLUOBORIDE, CALCIUM

343

Calcium femte, 4CaO, Fe203

Insol in H20, or sugar +H2O Decomp
by the weakest acids, but not by boiling
KOH+Aq (Pelouze, A ch (3) 33 5 )

CaO, Fe203 (List )

3CaO, Fe208 Much less readily attacked
by H2O and acids than the silicates (Hilpert.
B 1909, 42 4581 )

3CaO, 2Fe203 As above {Hilpert, B
1909, 42 4581 )

Calcium femte chloride, CaO, Fe203, CaCl2
Notdecomp byH2O (Chateker, C R 99
276) {

Cupnc femte, CuO, Fe208
Ppt (List )
+5H20 (List )

Ferrous argentous fernte, 2FeO, Ag4O,

Fe208 (?)

Easily decomp by HCl+Aq Not com-
pletely sol in dil HN03+Aq Easily sol in
cone HN08 Decomp by acetic acid
(Rose, Pogg 10 323 )

Magnesium fernte, MgO, Fe2O3

Insol in H2O Not attacked by boiling
cone HN03 (Deville C R 52 1264)

Mm Magnesiofernte Difficultly sol in
HCl+Aq (Rammelsberg, Pogg 107 451 )

+4H20 Ppt (List, B 11 1512 )

6MgO, Fe203+9H2O Ppt

+15H20 Mm Pyroaunte

Manganous fernte, MnO, Fe203
Ppt (List )

Nickel femte, NiO, I<e 03

Ppt (I ist )

Potassium femte, 3K2O, 4te2O3

Decomp by H2O, KOH+Aq, NaOH+Aq,
etc , but only slowly by NH4Cl+Aq (Salm-
Horstmar, J pr 55 349 )

K2Fe2O4 Decomp by H2O (Rousseau
and Bemhciin, C R 107

Flavocobaltic chloraurate,

Silver (argentous) femte, Ag4O, fo^Os (?)
Decomp by dil HNO.,+Aq (Rose, Pogg
10 323)

Sodium fernte, N i O, 1 e2Oj

Na/) ib dissolved out by H2O Easily sol
m dil HCl+Aq Not easily dtcomp by
NH4Cl+Aq (Salm-Hor&tmar )

Zinc femte, ZnO, * e/)a

Sol in boiling cone HCl+Aq (Ebel-
men, A ch (3) 33 47 )

Min Frankhnite

Flavocobaltic compounds
See also Xanthocobaltic compounds

More easily sol than the chloroplatmate
Not wholly msol in absolute alcohol ( Jor-
gensen, Z anorg 6 159 )

- chloroplatmate, [(N02)2Co(NH8)4]'>PtCl6
As the chloroplatmite ( Jorgensen )

chloroplatmite,

Somewhat sol in H2O, and not insol m
50% alcohol (Jorgensen )

chromate, [(NO2)2Co(NH3)4]2Cr2O7

Ppt ( Jdrgensen )

nitrate, Co(NO2)2(NH8)4NO8

Sol in about 33 pts cold H2O, insol in
HN03 (Jorgensen )

Co(NO2)2(NH3)4N08, HNO3 Decomp
by H20 or alcohol (Jorgensen )

cobaltic nitrite, 3(N02)2Co(NH8)4,

Co2(NO2)6+2H20

SI sol in H20 (Jorgensen, Z anorg 6
179)

diamine cobaltic nitrite,

(N02)2Co(NH3)4,
(N02)2(NH3)2Co(N02)2
Very si sol in H20 (Jorgensen )

sulphate, [(N02)2Co(NH3)4]2S04

SI sol in H2O, more easily in HC2H8O2+
Aq (Jorgensen )

Fluoborhydnc acid, HBF4

Decomp by H2O very rapidly (Landolph,
C R 86 603 )

Aluminum fluobonde, 2AlIi3, 3BF3

Sol in H2O only when icidulattd, sol in
acids (Bcrzehus )

Ammonium fluobonde, NH4B1< 4

Pasily sol in H2O Sol in 4 pts ll/) at
16°, and 1 02-1 05 pts boiling 11 2O (btolba,
Chem tcchn Cent Anz 7 459 ) SI sol in
alcohol

Barium fluobonde,

Deliquescent, ea&ily sol m H^O, dccornp
by alcohol (Berzehus )

Caesium fluobonde, CsB* 4

100 pts H2O dissolve 0 92 pt CsBL 4 at 20°,
and 0 04 pt at 100° (Godcffroy, B 9 1307 )

002 pts arc HO! m 100 pts II () it 20°
(Erdmann, \rch Phirm 1S94, 232 21 )

Calcium fluobonde, Ca(Bl" 4)

Decomp by H2O, with formation of a sol
acid salt and an insol basic salt (Ber/ehus )

344

FLUOBORIDE, CUPEIC

Cupnc fluobonde, Cu(BF4)2

Deliquescent, and very sol in H20
zehus)

(Ber-

Lead fluobonde, Pb(BF4)2

Sol in H2O Decomp by boiling with
H2O or alcohol mto an acid soluble, and a
basic insoluble salt (Berzehus )

Lithium fluobonde, LiBF4

Hygroscopic Easily sol in H20 (Ber-
zehus)

Magnesium fluobonde
Easily sol inH20 (Berzehus)

Potassium fluobonde, KBF4

Sol in 223 pts H20 at 20° (Stolba )
Sol m 70 4 pts cold H2O (Berzehus )
Sol in 15 94 pts H2O at 100° (Stolba )
1 43 pts are sol in 100 pts H20 at 20°
(Erdmann, Arch Pharm 1894, 232 21 )

Not more sol in NH4OH-f Aq than in H20 ,
sol in hot KOH, NaOH, or M2C03+Aq
(Berzehus) More sol m NH4Cl+Aq
(Rose, Pogg 80 276) Insol in 20%
KC2H3O2+Aq (Stromeyer) Insol in
cold, si sol in boiling alcohol

Rubidium fluobonde, RbBF4

100 pts H2O dissolve 0 55 pt at 20°, and
10 pt at 100° (Godeffroy, B 9 1337)

0 55 pts are sol m 100 pts H20 at 20°
(Erdmann, Arch Pharm 1894, 232 21 )

Sodium fluobonde, NaBF4

Easily sol in H20 Very si sol in alcohol
(Berzehus )

Yttrium fluobonde

Sol m H2O with excess of acid (Berze-
hus )

Zinc fluobonde, ZnfBF4)2

Deliquescent Sol m H20 (Berzehus )

Fluobonc acid, HBF4

See Fluoborhydnc acid

H4B2O7, 3HF and H4B2O9, 2HF (?) Fume
on air, and are decomp with H20 (Lan-
dolph, B 12 1583 )

HB02, 3HF Decomp by H2O (Ber-
zehus, Pogg 69 644 )

Is either a mixture, or a solution of HBO2
in HF, and is decomp by distillation, and the
salts are decomp by recrystalhsation (Bas-
arow, C R 78 1698 )

Potassium fluoborate, K2B208F2 (?)

SI deliquescent Scarcely sol in boiling

alcohol (Schiff, A Suppl 6 175 )

See Boron tfnoxide potassium fluoride,

B203, 2KF

Fluochromic acid

Ammonium fluochromate, NH4CrOsF
Sol in H20 (Varenne, C R 91 989 )

Potassium fluochromate, KCr03F

Efflorescent Sol in H20, with gradual
decomp (Streng, A 129 225 )

Fluocolumbic acid
See also Fluoxycolumbic acid

Ammonium fluocolumbate fluoxycolumbate,
(NH4)2CbF8, 2CbOF8,

Cadmium fluocolumbate,

28H20
Insol in, and decomp by H20 (Streng )

Cobalt fluocolumbate, Co6H6Cb3F30-f SSHzO
Insol in, and decomp by H20 (Streng.)

Copper fluocolumbate, Cu2HCbFio+9H2O
Insol in, and decomp by H20

Ferrous fluocolumbate, Fe3H4Cb2F20+19H^O
As above

Manganous fluocolumbate, MnsHsCbsFao-h
28H20

Mercunc fluocolumbate, Hg3CbFn +8H2O

As above

Nickel fluocolumbate, Ni|H4CbiFM4- 19H«O
As above

Potassium fluocolumbate, K2CbF7

Decomp by solution m H2O (Mangnox
A ch (4)8 34)

Rubidium fluocolumbate, Rb Cbt

Sol in H,0 and HP+\q Insol in il
cohol (Penmngton, J 4m Chern *"**<><
1896, 18 58 )

Zmc fluocolumbate, Zn6H5C

Insol in cold H O, decomp by hot H3< >
(Santesson, Bull Soc (2) 24 52 )

Fluodithiomc acid

Caesium woriofluodithionate,
S206(OH)FCs2+H20

Easily sol m H2O with decomp
Sol m HF, very unstable (Wemland Z,
anorg 1899,21 66)

Potassium cfcfluodithionate, S205F2K2 +3H .O
Easily sol in H2O with decomp
Sol in HF, very unstable (Wemland )

FLUOPERBORATE, POTASSIUM

345

Rubidium <&fluodithionate, S2OjjF2Rb2+

3H20

Easily sol in H20 with decomp
Sol in HF, very unstable (Wemland )

Fluogermamc acid, H2GeF6

Known only m solution (Winkler, J pr
(2) 36 177 )

Potassium fluogermanate, K2GeFfl

Sol in 173 98 pts H20 at 18° (Winkler )
Sol in 184 61 pts H20 at 18° (Kruss and

Nilson, B 20 1696 )

Sol in 34 07 pts H20 at 100 ° (Winkler )
Sol in 38 76 pts H20 at 100 ° (Kruss and

Nilson )

Insol m alcohol

ZHfLuoiodic acid

Ammonium cfofluoiodate, NH4I02F2

Like K salt

Sol m 40% HF+Aq (Wemland, Z
anorg 1899, 20 30 )

Sol in H20 Easily decomp (Wemland,
B 1897, 30 868 )

Caesium cfofluoiodate, CsIO2F2
(Weinland, Z anorg 1899, 20 36 )

Caesium hydrogen cfofluoiodate,

CsIO2F2, HI02F2+2H20
Efflorescent Sol m H20 with decomp
(Weinland, Z anorg 1899, 22 257 )

Potassium cfafluoiodate, KIO2F2

Sol m H20 Decomp m moist air
(Wemland, B 1897, 30 867

Decomp in air Sol in H^O with decomp
Sol without decomp in 40% HF+Aq
{Weinland, Z anorg 1899, 20 31

Rubidium cfofluoiodate, RbIO2Fj

Resembles K salt Sol m HF+Aq
(Weinland, Z anorg 1899, 20 35 )

Rubidium hydrogen difluoiodate,

Sol m 40-60% H* +Aq (Wemland, Z
anorg 1899, 22 260 )

Sodium dzfluoiodate,

Decomp by H2O (Wunland, B 1897, 30
868)

Sol m HF (Wemland, Z anorg 1899, 20
37)

Fluomangamc acid, H2MnF6

Decomp by H2O Sol m alcohol and ethe
in absence of H2O (Nickles, C R 66 107

Ammonium fluomanganate, (NH4)2MnF6
More sol than the K salt (Nickles, C R

5 107)
True composition is (NH4)4Mn2Fi0 =

NH4F, Mn2F6 (Chnstensen, J pr (2) 34

Cobalt fluomanganate, 2CoF2, Mn2F6+

8H20
Sol in H20 (Chnstensen )

Nickel fluomanganate, 2NiF2, Mn2F6+
8H2O
)1 in H20 (Christensen )

Potassium fluomanganate, K2MnF6
Difficultly sol in H20 Decomp by much

H20 (Nickles, C R 65 107 )

Composition is K4Mn2F10==4KF, Mn2Ffl

Also with 2H2O (Chnstensen, J pr (2) 34

Decomp by H2O Sol m HC1, H2S04 and
NOs with decomp Can be recryst from
40% HF-fAq Insol in acetic acid (Wein-
and and Lauenstein, Z anorg 1899, 20 41 )

Rubidium fluomanganate, Rb2MnF6+2H20
As the K salt (Wemland and Lauenstein,
anorg 1899, 20 44 )

Silver fluomanganate, Ag2Mn2F8+14H2O
(Christensen, J pr (2) 34 41 )

Sodium fluomanganate, 4NaF, Mn2F6
Decomp by much H20 (Christensen )

Zinc fluomanganate, 2ZnF2, Mn2F6-f 8H20
Sol m H2O (Christensen )

Fluomolybdic acid

See Fluoxyhypomolybdic, and Fluoxymolyb-
dic acids

Fluopalladous acid

Potassium fluopalladite,
SI sol m H20

Sodium fluopalladite

SI sol in H/) (Bcrzehus )

Fluoperbonc acid

Ammonium fluoperborate,

NH4OOB(F)OOB(F)OONH4
Ppt Insol m ether (Petrenko, C C
1902, I 1191 )

Potassium fluoperborate, K4B4F4Oii-f-H2O

Dry salt is rather stable

Easily sol in H20 Aqueous solutio
decomp rapidly when warmed, at ordinar

346

FLUOPERUHANIC ACID

temp the decomp proceeds slowly Insol
in alcohol (Mebkoff, B 1899. 32 3350

KOOB(F)OOB(F)OK+1^H20 Ppt
Insol in ether (Petrenko, C C 1902, I
1191, J Russ, phys chem Soc 34 37)

Fluopernramc acid

Potassium fluoperuranate, K^FeOis-f
4H20=3U04KF, U03F2, KF+4H20
Ppt (Lordkipamdse, C C 1900, II 525

Sodium fluoperuranate, U04NaF+5H20
Ppt (Lordkipamdse, C C 1900, II 525 )

Fluophosphamide, PF8(NH2)2

Sol in H2O (Poulenc, A ch (6) 24
566)

Fluophosphoric acid

Monoc&sivun wowofluophosphate,

P(OH)8(OCs)F
Tike the K salt (Weinland, Z anorg 1899,

/0 ^F+Aq, decomp in the air
Z anorg 1899, 21 44 )

Potassium wawofluophosphate,

KHFP03-hH20

Decomp by H2O. unstable (Wemland,
B 1898, 31 124-125 )

Moworubidium monofluophosphate,

P(OH)s(ORb)F

Sol in 40% HF+Aq (Wemland, Z
anorg 1899, 21 47 )

Rubidium monofluophosphate,
RbHFP08+H20

Decomp by H2O (Wemland, B 1898, 31
124)

Fluoplatmic acid

Ammonium fluoplatinate

Secomp by H2O to a sol acid, and an msol
basic salt Insol m alcohol (Berzelms )

Potassium fluoplatinate

Deliquescent Insol in alcohol Decomp
by H20 (Berzelms )

Sodium fluoplatinate

Decomp by H2O (Berzelius )

Fluor- and Fluoro-
See Fluo-

Fluorhydnc (Hydrofluonc) acid, HF or-

Attracts H20 from an* with great avidity.
Very sol in H2O with evolution of much heat .

Sat solution has sp gr 1 25 (H Davy )

On boiling the aqueous solution an acid o£
constant composition is obtained, which boils
at 120°, has sp gr 1 15, and contains 35 37 %>
HF (Bineau, A ch (3) 7 257 ) The residua,!
acid after boiling contains 36 to 38% HF, andl
by standing over CaO gives off HF until an
acid containing 32 5 to 32 7% HF is formed..
Weaker acids increase their strength to 32 2 to
32 4% HF, while an acid containing 32 5%>
HF remains unchanged (Roscoe, A 116.
218)

Does not attack gutta-percha Sol in
H2S04

Sp gr of HF+Aq at 15°

Sp gr

% HF

Sp gr

%HF

Sp gr

% HF

1 01

2 90

1 10

29 00

1 19

55 1O

1 02

5 80

1 11

31 90

1 20

58 OO

1 03

8 70

1 12

34 80

1 21

60 90

1 04

11 60

1 13

37 70

1 22

63 80

1 05

14 50

1 14

40 60

1 23

66 70

1 06

17 40

1 15

43 50

1 24

69 60

1 07

20 30

1 16

46 40

1 25

72 5O

1 08

23 20

1 17

49 30

1 09

26 10

1 18

52 20

(Hart, J Anal Ch 3 372 )
Sp gr of HF+Aq at ord temp

Deg Baum6

Sp gr

%HF

1

1 0069

2 32

2

1 0139

4 04

3

1 0211

5 76

4

1 0283

7 48

5

1 0356

9 20

6

1 0431

10 92

7

1 Or)0o

12 4S

8

1 0583

14 04

9

1 0661

15 59

10

1 074

17 15

11

1 OS2

IS Sh

12

1 0901

21 64

13

1 0983

24 42

14

1 1067

27 20

15

1 1152

29 9S

16

1 1239

32 78

17

1 1326

35 15

IS

1 1415

37 53

19

1 1506

39 91

20

1 15Q8

42 29

21

1 1691

41 67

22

1 1786

47 04

23

1 1S83

49 42

24

1 1981

51 57

25

1 2080

53 72

26

1 2182

55 87

27

1 2285

58 02

FLUOSELENATE, RUBIDIUM

347

Sp gr of HF+^q at ord temp — Continued

Aq solution of sp gr 1 138 at 18° contains

Deg Baum6

Sp gr

%HF

4:o ft /Q Jtd.jp and nas a constant opt ol JLJL x
at 750 mm (Deussen, Z anorg 1906, 49

28
29
30
31

1 2390
1 2497
1 2605
1 2716

60 17
62 32

64 47
66 61

297)
The strongest acid that can be obtained
by distillation contains 48 17% HF and boils
at 125-125 5° (Gore )

32

1 2828

68 76

33

1 2943

70 91

Fluondes

34
35
36
37
38

1 3059
1 3177
1 3298
1 3421
1 3546

73 06

75 21 *
77 36
79 51
81 66

The alkali fluorides, also AgF and SnF2,
are sol in H20, the fluorides of Fe, Sr, and
Cd are si sol , the others are msol m H20
Most fluorides are sol in acids, especially HF

39
40
41

1 3674
1 3804
1 3937

83 81
85 96
88 10

Insol in liquid NH8 CFranklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 822 )
See under each element

42

1 4072

90 24

43

1 4211

92 39

44
45

1 4350
1 4493

94 54
96 69

Fluorine, F2
Decomposes H20 and all organic solvent

(Eokelt, Ch Z 1898. 22 225 j

with great violence (Moissan, C R 103 202

and 256 )

SP

gr of HF+Aq at 0°

Liquified at — 185° to a yellowish liquid
which does not dissolve glass nor ignite cooled

%HF

Sp gr

% HF

Sp gr

Si, B, C, S, P, or Fe (Moissan, C R 1897,

0 484

1 005

71 73

1 262

124 1202—1204 )

1 504

1 009

72 21

1 260

2 48

1 012

78 05

1 260

Fluomolybdic acid

4 80

1 017

84 27

1 235

7 75
15 85

1 035
1 065

87 72
88 11

1 212
1 210

Ammonium fluomolybdate, (NH4)MoF4-f-

Hr\

24 47
28 48

1 097
1 110

88 82
89 02

1 207
1 202

2U

Somewhat more sol in H2O than the K salt

29 83

1 120

89 15

1 200

Hydrolysed by H2O (Rosenheim, Z anorg

34 23
38 50

1 130
1 145

89 82
90 20

1 190
1 185

1905,46 321)
(NH4)3Mo2F9+2H2O (Rosenheim )

41 00

1 155

90 64

1 175

41 15
41 92

1 155
1 157

91 04
92 09

1 165
1 152

Potassium fluomolybdate, KMoF4+H20

47 52

1 182

92 81

1 135

Nearly msol in H20 (Rosenheim )

48 49

1 187

92 91

1 130

50 97
55 09

1 200
1 217

94 26
95 84

1 095
1 065

Fluoselemc acid

55 39

1 220

97 50

1 035

57 66

1 230

98 22

1 022

Ammonium monofluoselenate,

61 66

1 245

100 05

1 0005

Se03(OH)F(NH4)2

65 19

1 255

Not hygroscopic

Easily sol H20 with decomp
Sol in HI- (Wemland, Z anoig 1899, 21

(Hill, Roy

Soc Proc 1909, 83 A 144 )

Sp

gr of HI' +Aq at 18°

58)

/u HI

Sp fer

1 npotassium ^ifiuot/iselenate, Se/)?!1 K jH -f-

0 484

1 003

H/)

1 504
2 48

1 005
1 009

Decomp in the ^ir, sol in H O with Je-
comp , sol in HF (Wemland )

4 80

1 017

7 75
15 85

1 028
1 058

T'nrubidium t&fluocfoselenate, Se2O7F2Rb3H

24 47

1 087

+H2O

29 83

1 103

Decomp in the air, sol in H/) with de-

comp , sol in HF (Wemland, Z anorg

(Hill )

1899,21 57)

348

FLUOSILICIC ACID

Pluosiliac acid, H2SiF6

Sp gr of HaSiFa-fAq at 175° (H20 at
17 5° = 1000)

% HaSiFa

Sp gr

% HsSiPa

Sp gr

2

1 0161

20

1 1748

4

1 0324

22

1 1941

6

1 0491

24

1 2136

8

1 0661

26

1 2335

10

1 0834

28

1 2537

12

1 1011

30

1 2742

14

1 1190

32

1 2951

16

1 1373

34

1 3162

18

1 1559

(Stolba, J pr 90 193 )

-f-2H20 Very deliquescent, and sol in
H2O (Kessler, C R 90 1285 ) Solution
decomp into HF and SiF4 on evaporation,
when it becomes concentrated

Flttosilicates

Most of the fluosihcates are sol in H2O, but
the alkali salts (especially K) and the Ba salt
are only si sol m HsO

Aluminum, fluosilicate, Al2(SiFe)s

Easily sol m H20 After evaporating to
dryness, the residue is slowly but completely
sol in H20 (DeviUe, A ch (3) 61 327 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4328)

fluosiUcate silicate, Al2SaFio,

Mm Topaz Insol in acids

Ammonium fluosihcate, (NH4)2SiF6

Sol in 5 38 pts H20 at 17 5° to form a solu-

tion of 1 0961 sp gr , sol m 1 8 pts hot

H2O , sol in 45 5 pts alcohol of 31 % (Stolba,

C C 1877 418 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37

4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

3NH4F, SiF4 = (NH4)2SiI% NH4F Sol in

H2O (Marignac, Ann Mm (5) 15 221 )

Barium fluosilicate, BaSiF0

Sol m 3802 pts cold H20 (Fresemus, A
59 120)

Sol in 3731 pfcs H2O at 17 5° m 3315 pts
at 21°, m 1175 pts at 100° (Stolba, J pr 96
22 )

Sol in 640-733 pts H2O containing a little
HC1 (tresenms)

488 pts HCl+Aq containing 425% HC1
dissolve 1 pt at 22° (Stolba )

More sol in HN03+Aq than m H20
(Fresemus )

272 pts HNOa+Aq, containing 8% N O5,
dissolve 1 pt at 22° (Stolba )

1 pt BaSiF6 dissolves in 428 pts sat
NH4Cl+Aq, in 589 pts sat NH4Cl-f Aq-f
2 vols H20 (Mallet, Sill Am J (2) 28 48 )

1 pt BaSiFe dissolves in 306 pts sat
NH4Cl+Aq at 22°, in 361 pts 15% solution
of NH4C1, in 563 pts sat boiling NaCl+Aq,
m 349 pts 10% solution of NaCl at boiling
temp , in 2185 pts 10% solution of NaCl at
20°, in 1140 pts 5% solution of NaCl at 20°
(Stolba )

Nearly absolutely insol in alcohol (Fre-
semus )

Solubility in a mixture of H20, alcohol (96%),
9 HClH-Aa (20%), H2Sitf6+Aq (37%)
1 pt BaSiFo is sol in pts of solutions of
given composition

HaO

Alcohol

HCl+Aq

HaSiFs

+Aq

BaSiFe

50
74 1
70 8
77 95
73 0
97 OQ
75 0

50
25
25
20
25
0
25

0
0 9
4 2
0 9
0 9
1 25
0

0
0
0
1 15
1 1
1 66
0

37,219
5,263
2,860
39,061
70,679
3,247
16,914

(Fresemus, Z anal 29 143 )

Cadmium fluosilicate, CdSiF6 -f-6H2O

Extremely sol in H20 Easily sol in 50%
alcohol (Engelskirchen, Dissert 1903 )

Caesium fluosihcate, Cs SiF6

Sol in 166 pts H/) at 17°, and much less
h2t H2O Insol in alcohol (Preis, J pr
103 410)

Calcium fluosilicate, CaSiF6+2H20

SI sol in, and partly decomp by H2O Sol
in HI? and HCl+Aq Sol in fluosilicic acid
without decomp Easily sol in 60% alcohol
(Fleischer )

Cerium fluosilicate

Very difficulty sol in H O, acetic, or fluo-
silicic acids Insol m alcohol (Stolba, C
C 1874 130)

Chromium fluosilicate

Deliquescent (Bcrzchus )
Efflorescent Sol in H20 (Bulin )

Cobaltous fluosihcate, CoSiFfl+6H/)
Easily sol in H20 (Berzchus )

Cuprous fluosilicate, Cu2feil< r

Insol ml!/) (Berzehus, Pogg 1 190 )

Cupnc fluosilicate, CuSiF6+6H/)

Deliquescent in moist, efflorescent in dry

air

Sol m 0 428 pt H 0 at 17° Sp gr of

solution sat at 17° = 1 6241

Sol in 17 5 pts alcohol of 62 vol % at 20°,

in 150 pts of 85% at 20°, m 617 pts of 92%

at 20° (Stolba, J pr 102 7 )

FLUOSILICATE, POTASSIUM

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

Contains 6J^ H20 (Stolba )
+5HH20 (Knop and Wolf )

Oupnc fluosilicate phosphate, CuSiF6,

CUg(P04)2

Insol in H20, but easily sol in dil HCl-f-
Aq
320)

, --

A (Thorpe and Rodger, Chem Soc 55

Glucinum fluosihcate
Known only in solution

Iron (ferrous) fluosihcate, FeSiF6+6H20
Easily sol inH20 (Berzehus)

Iron (feme) fluosihcate, Fe2(SiF6)3
Sol mH2O (Berzehus)

Lead fluosilicate, PbSiF64-2H20
Deliquescent Easily sol in HaO
Insol ni acetone (Naumann. B 1904. 37

4329)

+4H20 (Marignac )

Lithium fluosilicate, Li2SiF6+2H20

100 pts H20 at 17° dissolve 73 pts crystal-

line salt (Marignac )

100 pts cold H20 dissolve 52 6 pts crystals
Sol mdil alcohol (Stolba, J pr 91 456)
100 pts alcohol of 46 vol % dissolve about

4 pts , and 100 pts alcohol of 79 vol % dis-

solve about 0 4 pt crystals (Stolba, Z anal

3 311)

Insol in ether or benzene
Insol m acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,

II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329 )
Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B

1909, 42 3790 )
Insol in ethvl acetate (Naumann, B

1904, 37 3601 )

Magnesium fluosilicate, MgSiF6+6H20

Efflorescent Sol m 1534 pts cold EUO,
forming a solution of 1 235 sp gr at 17 5°
Separates out Si02 on warming, which nearly
all redissolves on cooling (Stolba, C C
1877 578)

Magnesium fluosilicate silicate, Mg5Si2Fi8,

Mm Humite Chondrodite Gelatinises
with HC1, or H2bO4+Aq

Manganous fluosihcate, MnSiF6+6H2O

Sol in H20 (Marignac, J pr 83 202 )

100 pts dissolve in 714 pts H20 at

17 5°, and sp gr of solution = 1 44825 Much

more sol in hot H20, and less sol in alcohol,

the stronger the alcohol (Stolba, C C 1883

292)

Mercurous fluosihcate, Hg2SiF6
SI sol in H20 without decomp (Lemaire,

C 1897, 1 1046 )

+2H20 SI sol in H 0 More easily sol
in acidified H20, but precipitated by HC1+
A.q (Berzehus )

Mercuric fluosihcate, basic, HgSiF6, HgO-h

3H20

Decomp by H20, but sol m weakest acids
(Berzehus, Pogg 1 200 )

Mercuric fluosihcate, HgSiF6+6H20

Deliquescent, and easily sol in H20
(Fmkener, Pogg 111 246 )

Nickel fluosihcate, NiSiF6+6H20

Easily sol in H20 (Marignac. Ann Min
(5) 15 262 )

Potassium fluosihcate, K2SiF«

Sol m 833 1 pts H2O at 17 5°, and 104 8
pts at 100° (Stolba, J pr 103 396 ) Sol
in 3800 pts cold, and more easily sol m hot
H20 (Fresemus )

More sol in ECl+Aq than in H 0

Sol in 337 pts HCl-f-Aq of 26 5% at 14%
in 307 pts of 25 7% afc 15°, in 340 pts of 14 1
% at 14°, m 303 pts of 13 6% at 15°, m 327
pts of 96% at 14°, m 313 pts of 9.2% at
15°, in 376 pts of 27% at 14°, in 319 pts of
2 4% at 15°, m 409 pts of 1 8% at 14°
(Stolba,! c)

Sol m 428 pts sat. and 589 pts dil
NH4Cl+Aq (Mallet )

Much less sol m K2S04, KNO8, or KC1+
Aq, but more sol in NH4Cl+-Aq than in HoO
(Stolba )

Sol m 24,066 pts K S04+4.q containing
9 92% K2S04 at 17°, in 17,858 pts containing
6% at 18°, in 19,530 pts containing 5% at
17°, in 10,721 pts containing 1% at 17°

Sol in 125,000 pts KN03 + \q containing
18 4% KN03 at 15°, in 43,478 pts containing
8 7% at 15°, in 1735 pts containing 8 8% at
100°, in 35,814 pts containing 4 3% at 15°,
in 10,203 pts containing 1 00% at lo°

Sol in 40,070 pts KC1+ \qcontaming 25%
KC1 at 17°, m 38,352 pts containing 18 4%
at 17°, in 41,254 pt* containing 13 4% at 14°,
in 24,032 pts containing 6 7% at 12°, in 1200
pts containing 0 65% at 17°, m 1095 pts
containing 0 45% at 18°

Sol m 358 pts NH4Cl+Aq containing 26 3
%NH4C1 at 17°, in 306 pts containing 15%
at 15°, in 339 pts containing 10% at 15°, in
• - ' • mng 5% at 15° (Stolba, J pr

(Buchner, Z ph>s

436 pts containing
103 306)

Insol in liquid CO
Ch 1906, 54 674 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am ch J
1898, 20 829 )

Completely pptd from aqueous solution by
an equal vol of alcohol

350

FLUOSILICATE, RUBIDIUM

SI sol in benzomtrile
1914,47 1369)

Insol in methyl acetate
1909,42 3790)

(Naumann, B
(Naumann, B

Rubidium fluosilicate, Rb2SiF6

Sol in 625 pts H20 at 20°, and 73 05-74 5
pts at 100° More sol in acidified water
Insol in alcohol (Stolba, J pr 101 1 )

Insol in H2O (Eggeling, Z anorg 1905,
46 175)

Less sol in H20 than K2SiF6 (Gossner,
Zeit Kryst 1904, 38 149 )

Silver fluosilicate, Ag2SiF6-J-4H20

Deliquescent Easily sol mH^O (Marig-
nac, Ann Mm (5) 16 221 )

Sodium fluosihcate, Na2SiF6

Much more sol in H20 than K2SiF6, es-
pecially ni hot H20 Addition of acid does
not increase solubility (Berzelius )

Sol in 153 3 pts H20 at 17 5°, and 40 66
pts at 100° Easily forms supersaturated
solutions (Stolba, Z anal 11 199 )

Much less sol in NaCl-|-Aq than m H20
(Stolba, J pr 1865 (1) 96 26 )

Precipitated completely from aqueous solu-
tion by alcohol (Rose )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)

Strontium fluosilicate, SrSiF6+2H20

Sol in cold H20, but decomp somewhat on
heating Sol in 31 06 pts H20 (Fresemus )
Easily sol in acidified H20 without de-
camp Sol in alcohol

Solubility in a mixture of H2O, alcohol (96%),
HCl+Aq (20%), H2SiF6+Aq (37%)
1 pt SrSiF6 is sol in pts of solutions of
given composition

H2O

Alcohol

HCl+Aq

H SiFe

+Aq

SrSiFe

50

50

0

0

15 29

74 1

25

0

0

82 93

70 8

95

4 2

0

50 9

77 95

20

0 9

1 15

55 0

73

25

0 9

1 1

82 97

75

25

0

0

147 4

95 24

0

2 04

2 72

7 3

(Fresemus, Z anil 29 143 )

Thallous fluosilicate, Tl2SiF6-J-2H20

Very easily sol in H2O (Kuhlmann )

Thorium fluosikcate, Th(OH)2SiF6 (?)
(Cleve )

Tin (stannic) fluosilicate, SnF4, SiF4
Very easily sol m H2O (Berzelius )

Uranyl fluosihcate

Very si sol m acids (Berzelius )

Sol in alcohol (Stolba, Z anal 3 71 )

Vanadium fluosilicate

Deliquescent Sol m H20 (Guyard, Bull
Soc (2) 25 352 )

Yttnum fluosihcate

Insol in pure, sol in acidified H20
(Berzelms )

Zinc fluosihcate, ZnSiF8+6H20
Very easily sol in H20 (Berzehus )

Zirconium fluosilicate

Sol in H2O Solution clouds up on boiling
(Berzehus )

Fluostanmc acid

Ammonium fluostannate, (NH4)2SnF6
Sol in H20 (Marignac, Ann Mm (5) 15

224)
4NE4F, SnF4 Sol in H20 (Marignac )

Barium fluostannate, BaSnF6

Slowly sol inH2O

-f 3H20 Sol in 18 pts H2O at 18°
(Marignac, Ann Mm (5) 16 246 )

Decomp by warming with H2S04 with
evolution of HF (Emich, M 1904,25 1912)

Calcium fluostannate, CaSnF6-f-2H20

Sol in H20 (Marignac, Ann Mm (5) 15
250)

Cadmium fluostannate, CdSnFe-|-6H20
Sol in H20 (Marignac )

Cobaltous fluostannate, CoSnF6+6H2O
(Gossner, Zeit Kryst 1907, 42 482 )

Cupnc fluostannate, CuSnF8+4H2O

Not deliquescent (Marignac, Ann Mm
(5) 15 291 )

Lithium fluostannate, Li2SnF6+2H20

Sol in H2O (Marignac, Ann Mm (5) 15
242)

Magnesium fluostannate, MgSnF6-f-6H20

Not deliquescent Sol m H20 (Marig-
nac, Ann Mm (5) 15 256 )

Manganous fluostannate, MnSnF6+6H2O
Slowly efflorescent (Marignac )

Nickel fluostannate, NiSnF6-}-6H20

Sol in H20 (Marignac, Ann Mm (5) 15
262)

FLUOTELLURATE, AMMONIUM

351

Potassium fluostannate, K2SnF6+H20
Two modifications— (a) Thin plates Sol

in 2 3 pts H20 at 100°, and in 15-16 pts at

18° (Marignac)
(b) Octahedra Sol in 3 pts H30 at 100°,

and 27 pts at 18° (Marignac )
Sol in hot H20 Can be crvst from hot

H20 With cone H2S04, HP is evolved

(Emich, M 1904, 25 911 )

Potassium hydrogen fluostannate, 3KF, HF,
SnF4

Sol in H20 (Marignac )

Silver fluostannate, Ag2SnF6-f4H20

SI deliquescent Easily sol in H20
(Marignac )

Sodium fluostannate,

Sol in 18-19 pts H20 at 20° (Marignac )
Strontium fluostannate, SrSnF6+2H20

Sol in 5 5 pts H20 at 18° (Marignac )

Zinc fluostannate, ZnSnF6+6H20
Sol in H20 (Marignac )

Fluosulphomc acid, HS03F
See Sulphuryl hydroxyl fluoride

Ammonium fluosulphonate, FS03NH4
Easily sol in H2O from which it can be

cryst
Sol m ethyl alcohol, more sol in methyl

alcohol Can be orvst fiom abs alcohol

(Traube, B 1913, 46 2528 )

Sodium fluosulphonate, FS03Na
Hydroscopic
Sol m ilcohol and acoton^ (Tiaube )

Fluosulphunc acid

Tncaesium
H20

As the K silt ( W( inland, Z inorg 1899,
21 53 )

Tnpotassmm ^fluor/isulphate,
S,07I'

Sol m Hl< , quite stable m air, sol in H/)
with docornp (WunLuid, Z uioig 1899,

Tnrubidmm t/ifluor^sulphate, S2O7R2lb3H
+H2O

Sol in HI< fWemlmd, Z anoig 1S99, 21
53 )

Fluotantahc acid

Ammonium fluotantalate, (NH^Talr

Very sol in H20 (Marignac, A ch (4) 9
272 )

1905, 27 1151 )

(Balke, J Am Chem Soc

Caesium fluotantalate, CsTaF6
Can be recrysfc from HF-f-Aq (Balke )
Cs2TaF Can not be recryst from H20 as

it tends to go into CsF, TaFB (Balke, J

Am Chem Soc 1905, 27 1151 )

15CsF, TaF6 SI sol in H2O (Penning-

ton, J Am Chem Soc 1896, 18 59 )

Calcium fluotantalate
Difficulty sol inH20 (Berzehus)

Cupnc fluotantalate, CulaF7+4H O

Deliquescent Easily sol mH20 (Marig-
nac, A ch (4) 9 294

Lead fluotantalate

Difficulty sol m H20 (Berzelius )

Lithium fluotantalate, LiF, TaF6+2H20

Can be recryst from cone HF (Balke, J
Am Chem Soc 1905, 27 1143 )

Potassium fluotantalate, K2TaF7

SI sol m cold, much more easily in hot
H20 Decomposes, with formation of a
white precipitate on boiling (Berzelius )

Much more sol in HF+Aq 1 pt of the
salt is sol in 200 pts HoO containing a trace
of HF, and in 150-160 pts of H2O containing
a little more HF (Marignac, A ch (4) 9
267)

Potassium hydrogen fluotantalate, KF, HF,

TaFfi (?)
Sol mH20 (Berzelius)

Rubidium fluotantalate, Rb/T\F7

Sol in HF-f Aq (Penmngton, J Am Ch

Soc 1896, 18 58 )

3RbF, 2TaF5 (Balke, J Am Chem

Soc 1905,27 1151)

Sodium fluotantalate, 3NaF, 1 al 6
Lasily sol in H2O
Na2 LaF7-hH20 kol mH () (Mdiignac )

Thallous fluotantalate, 1 12 1 aL 7

Sol in HjO On boiling the aqueous solu-
tion tantahc acid sepai a,t( s

Decomp by cone H SOi Difficultly
sol in cold, easily sol in hot Hl< (Jiphr um
B 1909, 42 4461 )

Zinc fluotantalate, ZnTa*7+7H 0

Very deliquescent bol m H2O (M uig-
nac, A ch (4) 9 249 )

Fluotelluric acid

Ammonium fluotellurate, NH4leL6+H2O

Decomp by H20 (Hogbom, Bull boc
(2) 35 60 )

352

FLUOTELLURATE, BARIUM

Banum fluoteUurate, Ba(TeF5)2 +H2O
As above

Potassium fluotellurate, KTeFfi

As above

TeOsF2K2H-3H2O Stable in dry air, only
si sol in H20 with decomp , sol in HF
(Weinland, Z anorg 1899,21 61)

Rubidium ^fluoteUurate, Te08F2Rb2+3H20
SI sol in H20 with deoomp Sol in HF
(W euiland, Z anorg 1899, 21 62 )

Fluotitamc acid

Known only in solution as titanium hydro-
gen fluoride

Ammonium fluotitanate, (NH4)2TiF6
Sol in H20 (Mangnac )
3NH4F, TiF4 Sol in H20 (Mangnac )

Ammonium fluosegwtitanate, 6NH4F, Ti2F6
Easily sol in H20 SI sol in NH4F+Aq
(Petersen, J pr (2) 40 54 )

Insol in NH4F+Aq (Piccmi, C R 97
1064)

4NH4F; Ti2F6 Properties as the cor-
responding K salt (Piccim, B 18 257 R )

e, BaTiF6

H20 More easily sol in
Jl (Engelskirchen, Dissert

(Emich,M 1904,25 907)

Cadmium fluotitanate, CdTiF6+6H20

Extremely sol in H20 Easily sol in 50%
alcohol (Engelskirchen, Dissert 1903 )

Caesium fluotitanate, CsoTiF6

More sol in hot than cold H2O and much
more sol than the Rb comp (Engels-
kirchen, Dissert 1903 )

4CsF, TiF4 More sol m H2O than
CsuTaFjso and is not decomp by pure H2O
(Pennmgton, J Am Chem Soc 1896, 18
60)

Calcium fluotitanate, CaTiF6-f 3H2O

Decomp by pure H2O Sol without de-
comp in acidified H20 (Berzelms )

Separates a precipitate with cold H20,
which dissolves on heating (Marignac, Ann
Mm (5) 15 250 )

Cupnc fluotitanate, CuTiF6+4H20

Sol in pure H20 with partial decomp ,
easily and completely sol in acidified H2O
(Berzehus )

Cupnc fluotitanate ammonium fluoride,

CuTiF6, NH4F+4H20
Efflorescent Easily sol in H2O (Marig-
nac, Ann Mm (5) 15 267 )

Cupnc fluotitanate potassium fluoride,

CuTiF6, KF+4H20
As the above salt (Mangnac )

Ferrous fluotitanate, FeTiF6+6H20

Sol m H20 (Weber, Pogg 120 287 )

Feme fluotitanate

Decomp by H20 (Berzehus )

Lead fluotitanate

Easily sol in H20 (Berzehus )

Lithium fluotitanate, Li2TiF6+2H20

Very sol in H20 (Engelskirchen, Dissert,
1903 )

Magnesium fluotitanate, MgTiF6+6H20

Easily sol m cold H20 (Marignac, Ann
Mm (5) 15 257 )

Nickel fluotitanate, NiTiF6+6H20

Easily sol in H20 (Weber, Pogg 120
282)

Potassium fluotitanate, K2TiF6

Difficultly sol in cold, much more easily m
hot H20

100 pts H20 dissolve at

0° 3° 6° 10° 14° 20°
0 556 0 667 0 775 0 909 1 042 1 28 pts K2TiF6
(Marignac, A ch (4) 8 65 )

Sol m 78 6 pts H2O at 21° Sol m acids
(Picomi, Gazz <h it 1886,16 104)

Sol m 78 pts H2O at 20°, 9 4 pts at 100°
By addition of small amount of HF, the
solubility is increased (Weiss and Kaiser,
Z anorg 1910, 65 354 )

Sol m HF (Marchetti, Z anorg 1895,
10 66)

-fH2O Much less sol in H20 in presence
of KBr or KI (Hall, J Am Chem feoc
1904, 26 1246 )

Sol m H2O or HF with decomp (Mar-
chetti, Z anorg 1895, 10 66 )

Potassium fluoses^wtitanate, 4KF, Ti2F6

Scarcely sol m H20, sol m dil acids
(Piccmi, B 18 257 R )

Rubidium fluotitanate, Rb2TiF6

Very si sol m cold, somewhat more sol m
hot H20 (Engelskirchen, Dissert 1903 )

Silver fluotitanate
Very deliquescent

(Marignac )

Sodium fluotitanate, Na2TiF6

Much more sol in H20 than the corre-
sponding potassium salt (Marignac, Ann
Mm (5) 15 238 )

FLUOXHYPOMOLYBDATE, CUPRIC

353

Sodium hydrogen fluotitanate, Na2TiF6>

NaEF2
Sol mH2O (Mangnac)

Strontitim fluotitanate, SrTiF6+2H2O

Sol in cold H20 Solution clouds up on
heating (Mangnac )

Zinc fluotitanate, ZnTiF<j-f6H2Q

Sol in H20 (Mangnac, A ch (3) 60
304)

Fluovanadic acid

Ammonium fluovanadate, 3NH4F, VF3

Moderately sol in H20 More easily sol
in dil acids Nearly msol in alcohol or MF
+Aq (Petersen, J pr (2) 40 52 )

2NH4F, VF3-fH20 Easily sol in H20
SI sol in alcohol (Petersen )

NHiF, VF3+2H20 As above (Peter-
son)

Cadmium fluovanadate, CdF2, VFS+7H20

Very si sol in H20 (Piccim and Giorgis,
Gazz ch it 22, 1 89 )

Cobalt fluovanadate, CoF2, VF3+2H2O

Sol in H20 without decomp (Petersen,
I c)

Nickel fluovanadate, NiF2, VF8+2H20
As the Co salt (Petersen )

Potassium fluovanadate, 2KF, VF3-KEE2O

SI sol in H2O, easily sol in acids Insol
in KF+Aq (Petersen, J pr (2) 40 51 )

Potassium fluovanadate fluoxyvanadate,

4KF, VF3, VOF3

Easily sol in H/), and still more easily in
HF+Aq SI sol in KF+Aq (Petersen, J

pr (2) 40 274 )

Sodium fluovanadate, 5NaF, 2VF3+H2O

As the potassium salt (Petersen )

Thallous fluovanadate, T1F, VF3+2H20

Easily sol m II2O

Sol with decomp in cone H2SC>4, dil
HN03 or cold dil HC1

Insol in NaOH+Aq (Ephraim, B 1909,
42 4460)

2T1F, VF3+H2O Easily sol in H2O

Sol in cone H2S04, dil HN03, or cold dil
HC1 with decomp

Insol m cold or hot NaOH+Aq
(Ephraim, B 1909,42 4461)

Zinc fluovanadate, ZnF2, VF3+7H20

SI sol in cold H20 Decomp on heating
(Piccim and Giorgis )

Fluoxycolumbic acid

Ammonium fluoxycolumbate, 3NH4F, CbOF«

Cubic salt Sol m H2O (Mangnac, A
ch (4)8 38)

2NH4F, CbOF3 Lamellar salt Much
more sol m H20 than 2KF, CbOFj (M )

5NHJF, 3CbOFs+H20 Hexagonal salt
(M)

NH4F, CbOFs Rectangular salt (M )

Ammonium fluoxycolumbate columbium flu-

oride, 3NH4F, CbOF3, CbF6
(Mangnac )

Cupnc fluoxycolumbate, CuF2, CbOF84-

4H2O

SI dehquescent Sol in HaO (Mangnac,
A ch (4) 8 42 )

Potassium fluoxycolumbate, 2KF,
H20

Sol m 12 5-13 pts H20 at 17-21°
more sol in hot H20, or H2O containing HF,
(Mangnac )

3KF, CbOF3 Decomp by H2O mto above
salt (M )

5KF, 3CbOF8+H20 Sol m H2O CM )

4KF, 3CbOF3+ H2O Sol m H20 (M )

3KF, 2Cb2OB+5H2O SI sol in H2O
(Petersen, J pr (2) 40 287 )

KP, Cb206-h3H20 SI sol in H20 (Pe-
tersen )

2KF, 3Cb02F Insol m H20 Sol m HF
(Kruss and Nilson, B 20 1689 )

See also Fluoxypercolumbate, potassium

Potassium hydrogen fluoxycolumbate, 3KF,

HF, CbOF3
Sol in H20 (Mangnac )

Sodium fluoxycolumbate, 2NaF, CbOF8 +

2H20

Sol in H20
NaF, CbOF3+H20 (Mangnac )

Zinc fluoxycolumbate, ZnF2, CbOF5+6H2O
Sol in H2O (Mangnac, A ch (4) 8.
41)

Fluoxyhypomolybdic acid

Ammonium fluoxyhypomolybdate, MoOF»,
2NH4F

Decomp by H2O (Mauro, Gazz ch it
19 179)

3MoOF3, 5NH4F-f-H2O Decomp by
H20 (Mauro )

Cupnc fluoxyhypomolybdate, CuF2, MoOFt-|-

4H20

Dehquescent Sol in H20 (Mauro,
Real Ac Lmc 1892, 1 194 )

354

FLUOXYHYPOMOLYBDATE, POTASSIUM

Potassium fluoxyhypomolybdate, MoOF8
2KF-fH2O

Sol m H20 with decomp

Sol in HF or HC1 + Aq (Mauro and Pana-
bianco, Gazz ch it 12 80)

3MoOF8, 5KF+H2O Sol in H20 with
decomp (Mauro, Gazz ch it 19 179 )

Thallous fluoxyhypomolybdate, 2T1F,

MoOF8
(Mauro, B 1894, 27R 109 )

Zinc fiuoxyhypomolybdate, ZnF3, MoOFs+

6H20

Rapidly deliquescent Sol in H20
(Mauro, Real Ac Line 1892 1 194)

Fluoxyhypovanadic acid
See Fluoxyvanadic acid

Fluoxymangamc acid

Ammonium fluoxymanganate, (NH4)2MnOF4
Precipitate (Nickles )

Potassium fluoxymanganate, K2MnOF4
Precipitate (Nickles, C R 65 107 )

/Sesgwfiuoxymangamc acid

Potassium sesgrnfluoxymanganate,

K4Mn2OF8=:4K;F, Mn2OF4
Precipitate (Nickles )

Fluoxymolybdic acid

See also Fluoxyhypomolybdic, and fluoxy-
permolybdic acids

Ammonium fluoxymolybdate, NH4F,
Mo02F2

Sol in H2O (Mauro, Gazz ch it 20
109)

-f H20 More sol in H20 than 2NH4F,
Mo02F2 (Delafontame, N Arch Sci ph
nat 30 250)

Correct formula is 3NH4F, Mo02F2
(Mauro, Gazz ch it 18 120 )

2NEW, MoO2F2 Much more sol than
2KF. Mo02F2 (Delafonfcame )

3NH4F, MoO2F2 Sol m H2O (Mauro )

5NH4F, 3MoO2F2+H20 Sol m H20
(Mauro, Gazz ch it 20 109 )

Ammonium fluoxymolybdate molybdate,

Mo02F2, 4NH4F, (NH4)2Mo04
Sol m H2O, but with decomp (Mauro.
Gazz ch it 18 120 )

Cadmium fluoxymolybdate, CdF2, Mo02F2+
6H20

SI efflorescent (Delafontame, J B 1867
236)

Cobaltous fluoxymolybdate, CoF2, MoO2F2+

6H20

Sol in H20 (Delafontame, J B 1867
236)

Cupnc fluoxymolybdate, CuF2. MoO2F2+
4H20

Deliquescent (Mauro, Real Ac Lino
1892,1 194

Nickel fluoxymolybdate, NiF2. MoO2F2+
6H20

Sol in H20 (Delafontame, J B 1867
236)

Potassium fluoxymolybdate, 2KF, MoO2F2+
H20

Easily sol m boiling H20

Sol in H 0 with decomp Sol m HF
(Marchetti, Z anorg 1895 10 b8 )

J£F, Mo02F2+H20 Gradually efflores-
cent (Delafontame )

Rubidium fluoxymolybdate, 2RbF, 2Mo02F2
+2H20

Sol in cold, more sol in hot H2O (Dela-
fontame )

Sodium fluoxymolybdate, NaF, MoO2F2-f-

J^H20
Sol inH20 (Delafontame)

Thallous fluoxymolybdate, 2T1F, MoO2F2-f
H20

Sol in hot H20 (Delafontaine )

Zinc fluoxymolybdate, ZnF2, Mo02F2+6H20
Sol in H20 (Delafontame )

Fluoxypercoltunbic acid

Potassium fluoxypercolumbate, 2KF, Cb02F2
-f-H20

(Piccim. Z anorg 2 21 )

Sol in H20 with decomp

Sol in HF (Marchetti, Z anorg 1895,
10 67)

Fluoxypermolybdic acid

Ammonium fluoxypermolybdate, Mo03F2,
3NH4F

Sol m H20 (Piccim, Z anorg 1 51 )

Caesium fluoxypermolybdate, Mo03F2, 2CsF

4-H20
(Picomi )

Potassium fluoxypermolybdate, MoO8F2.

2KF+H20

Not very sol in H20, more sol m HF+
Aq without decomp (Piccim )

FLUOXYTUNGSTATE, ZINC

355

Rubidium fluoxypermolybdate, Mo03F2,

2RbF+H20

Somewhat more sol in H20 than K salt
Easily sol in HF+Aq (Piccmi )

Fluoxypertantalic acid

Potassium fiuoxypertantalate, 2KF, Ta02F8

+H20
Sol in H20 (Piccini, Z anorg 2 21 )

Fhioxyperfctanic acid, Ti02F2, HF

Known only in solution (Piccim. B 18
255 R )

Ammonium fluoxypertrtanate, Ti02F2,
2NH4F

Very unstable (Piccmi. Gazz ch it 17
479 )

Ti02F2, 3NH4F Sol in H20

Sol in H202 (Piccnu, Z anorg 1895, 10
439)

2Ti02F2, 3NHiF Sol in H20 (Piccmi,
B 18 698 R)

Barium fluoxypertitanate, Ti02F2, BaF2
Precipitate Easily sol in acids (Piccmi.

B 18 698 R)
2Ti02F2, 3BaF2 Insol in H20, sol in dil

acids (Piccini, Gazz ch it 17 479 )

Potassium fluoxypertitanate, Ti02F2, 2KF
Sol m H20 (Piccini, B 21 1391 )
Sol m H202 (Piccmi, Z anorg 1895, 10

438)

Fluoxypertungstac acid

Potassium fluoxypertungstate, 2KF, WOSF+

H2O
(Piccini, Z anorg 2 11 )

Fluoxytantalic acid
See also Fluoxypertantalic acid

Ammonium fluoxytantalate, 3NH4F, TaOF2
Easily sol m H20 Ihe solution clouds up
by standing or on warming (Joly, C R 81
1266)

Fluoxytttamc acid
See also Fluoxypertitamc acid

Banum fiuoxytitanate, TiOF2, BaF2

Insol m H 0, sol in dil acids (Piccmi,
Gazz ch it 17 479 )

Fluoxytungstic acid

Ammonium fluoxytungstate, 2NH4F, W02F2
Very sol m H20 (Marignac, A ch (3) 69
65)

NH4F, W02F2-KH20 Decomp by H20
Crystalhses unchanged from H20 containing
HF (Mangnac )

Ammonium fluoxytungstate tungstate,

4NH4F, WO2F2, (NH4)oW04
Incompletely sol m H20 Residue dis-
solves in NH4OH+Aq (Marignac )

Cadmium fluoxytungstate
Very sol in H20 (Mangnac )

Cupnc fluoxytungstate, CuF2, W02F2+4H20
Very sol inH20 (Mangnac, C R 66 888

Cupnc fluoxytungstate ammonium fluoride,

CuF2, W02F2, NH4F-f4H20
Sol m H20 (Mangnac )

Manganese fluoxytungstate
Very sol m H20 (Marignac )

Nickel fluoxytungstate, NiF2, WO2F2-f

10H20

Deliquescent Very sol in H20 (Marig-
nac )

Potassium fluoxytungstate, KF, WO2F2-h

H20

Can be recrystallised without decomp only
from H2O contauimg HF (Marignac, A ch
(3) 69 70 )

2KF, WO2F2+H20 Difficultly sol in
cold, more easily in hot H2O (Berzelius )

Sol in 17 pts H2O at 15° (Marignac )

Can be recrysfcallised without decomp
from H20, or H20 containing HF (Marig-
nac )

Sol m H/) with decomp Sol m HF
(Mirchetti, Z anorg 1895, 10 71 )

See also Fluoxypertungstate, potassium

Silver fluoxytungstate
Very easily sol m H2O

(Marignac )

Sodium fluoxytungstate, 2NaF, W02F2

More sol m H20 than the corresponding K
compound (Berzelms )

Thallous fluoxytungstate, TIP, WO F 2
Insol in H20 Decomp by H20

(Ephraim and Heymann, B 1909, 42 4463 )
21 IF, WOJ<2 Insol in H2O but ciecomp

thereby (Fphraim and Heymann, B 1009,

42 4462 )
3T1F, 2W02F2 Insol m H2O Decomp

by acids (Ephraim and Heymann, B 1909,

42 4462)

Zinc fluoxytungstate, ZnF2, W02F2+10H2O
Very sol in H20 (Mangnac )

356

ACID

Fluoxyuramc acid

Ammonium fluoxyuranate, 3NH4F, TJO2F2

Easily sol in HaO, less in HF Insol in
alcohol (Bolton )

100 g solution sat at 27° contain 10 11 g
salt

100 g solution sat at 81 3° contain 20 71 g
salt

(Burger, Dissert 1904 )

Barium fluoxyuranate, 3BaF2, 2U02F2+

2H20

Traces dissolve in hot H2O Easily sol in
dil acids (Bolton )

Potassium fluoxyuranate, 3KF, U02F2

Sol in 8 pts H20 at 21° Insol in alcohol
and ether (Bolton, J pr 99 269 )

Does not exist (Smithells, Chem Soc 43
125)

4KF, U02F2 Insol m H2O Easily sol in
dil acids (Ditte, C R 91 115 )

5KF, 2TJ02F2 (Baker, Chem Soc 36
760)

3KF, 2U02F2 -f 2H20 (Baker )

Sodium fluoxyuranate, NaF, TJ02F2
-f 2H20 Not efflorescent
+4H20 Insol in H20 and dil acids SI
sol in rone HCl-KAq Sol in cone H2S04
, J B 1866 212 )
x , UOzFjj (Ditte )

*^wj3 not exist (Smithells, Chem Soc
43 125)

Fluoxyvanadic acid

Ammonium fluoxyvanadate, 12NH4F, V206,
2VOF3

Easily sol in H20, and not attacked by
cold cone H2SO4 (Baker, Chem Soc 33
388)

Formula is 3NH4F, V02F (Petersen, J
pr (2) 40 289 )

3NH4F, VO2F Sol m H20 (Petersen,
I c )

Much less sol in H2O m presence of NH4F
(Piccim and Giorgis, Gazz ch it 27 1 65 )

-f-H20 (Piccim and Giorgis, Gazz ch it
1892, 22 55)

3NH4F, VOF2 "Hypovanadate " Quite
sol m H20 Very si sol m MF-f-Aq Less
sol m alcohol than in H2O (Petersen, J
pr (2) 40 195 )

2NH4F, VOF2 Sol in H2O (Petersen )

+H20 (Piccim and Giorgis )

7NH4F, 4VOF2-f 5H20 Very sol in H20
(Petersen )

3NH4F, 2V02F Sol m H20 without de-
comp Sol in cone HF-f-Aq (Piccim and
Giorgis, Gazz ch it 24 1 68 )

3NH4F, 2VOFS+H2O Sol in H2O with
decomp

V206, 2NH4F (Ditte, C R 106 270 )

V206, 8NH4F4-4H20 As above
V206, 4NH4F+ 4H20 As above Sol in
H20

Ammonium hydrogen fltufooxyvanadate,

7NH4F, HP, 4V02F

Verv sol in H20 (Petersen, J pr (2) 40
284)

Ammonium hydrogen fnfluoxyvanadate,
3HF, 9NH.F, 5VOF8

Easily sol in H20 SI sol in MF+Aq
(Petersen, J pr (2) 40 280 )

3NH4F. 3HF. 2VOF8 Sol in H20
(Baker, Chem Soc 33 388 )

Identical with 3HF, 9NH4F, 5VOF8
(Petersen )

Barium fluoxyvanadate, BaF2, V02F
Ppt (Ephraim, Z anorg 1903, 36 79)

Cadmium fluoxyvanadate, CdF2, VOF2+

7H20

"Hypovanadate " As the Co salt (Pic-
cim and Giorgis )

Cobalt fluoxyvanadate, CoF2, VOF2+7H20

"Hypovanadate" Sol in H20 (Piccim
and Giorgis )

Nickel fluoxyvanadate, NiF2, VOF2+7H20

" Hypovanadate " As the Co salt (Piccim
and Giorgis )

Potassium fluoxyvanadate, 7KF, 3VOF2
Very si sol in H2O and MF+Aq Easily

sol in dil acids (Petersen, J pr (2) 40

199)

2KF, VOF2 As above (Petersen )
2KF, 2V206-h8H2O Sol in H20 and

H2S04 (Ditte, C R 105 1067 )
2KF, 3V2O6+5H2O As above
2KF, 4V205H-8H20 As above
4KF, V2O5 Less sol than 4KF. 3V206
+2H20, and +3H20 Sol m H2O
4KF, 3V206+4H20, and -f6H20 Less

sol than 2KF, 3V206+5H20
8KF, V206+2H2O, and +3H20 Sol m

H20

Potassium Znfluoxyvanadate, 2KF, VOF8
Ppt (Petersen, J pr (2) 40 272 )
6KF, V206, 2VOF3+2H20 Sol m H20

Insol in cold cone H2S04 (Baker, Chem

Soc 33 300)
Formula is 3KF, 2V02F (Piccmi and

Giorgis )
See also Fluovanadate fluoxyvanadate,

potassium

Potassium flu&oxyvanadate, 2KF, V02F

Easily sol in H20 (Petersen, J pr (2) 40
278)

FULMINATING PLATINUM

357

3KF, V02F As above (Petersen )
3KF, 2V02F Sol in H20, scarcely at-
tacked by H2SO| (Piccim and Giorgis)

Potassium hydrogen fluoxyvanadate, 3KF,

HF,2VOF«
Sol in H20 (Petersen )

Sodium fluoxyvanadate, 8NaF, 3VOF2H-

2H20

Sol in H20 (Petersen, J pr (2) 40 200 )
3NaF, V02F, VOF8 (?) Very easily de-

comp (Piccim and Giorgis )
2NaF, 2V20«+10E20 Sol in H20

(Ditte, C E 106 270 )
4NaF, V206 As above
4NaF, 3V206+18H20 As above
6NaF, V2O6-h5H20 As above
8NaF, V206+3H20 (As above

Thallous fluoxyvanadate, 2T1F, VOF2
Somewhat sol m cold H20 without decomp
Sol in boiling H20 with exception of a

black residue, which is easily sol in dil

H2S04 (Ephraim.B 1909,42 4460)
3T1F, 2V02F Insol in H20 Sol in H20

containing H2S04 (Ephraim and Hey-

mann, B 1909, 42 4459 )

Zinc fluoxyvanadate, ZnF2, ZnO, 2VOF8-h
14H20

Decomp on air, sol in H20 (Baker,
Chem Soc 33 388 )

True composition is represented by the for-
mula ZnF2, V02F-h7H20 (Petersen )

ZnF2, VO2F+7H20 Very sol m H20
(Piccim and Giorgis )

ZnF2, VOF2+7H20 " Hypovanadate "
Sol in cold H20, but decomp by boiling,
sol in dil HF-|-Aq (Piccmi and Giorgis )

Fluozircomc acid

Ammonium fluozirconate, (N"H4)2ZrFe
Sol m H20
3NH4F, ZrF4 Sol in H20 (Marignac )

Cadmium fluozirconate, 2CdF2, ZrF4-fbH20
Sol in H2O. can be rccrystahsed therefrom

(Mangnac, A ch (3) 60 257 )
CdZrF6+6H2O Sol m H20 (Marignac ]

Caesium fluozirconate, CsF, ZrF4-f H20
Sol in H2O without docomp (Wells

Z anorg 1895, 10 434 )
2CsF, ZrF4 Sol in H2O without decomp

(Wells, Z anorg 1895, 10, 434 )
2CsF, 3ZrF4-|-2H2O Only si sol in H2O

(Wells, Z anorg 1895, 10 434 )

Cupnc fluozirconate, 2CuF2, ZrF4-M2H2O
Easily sol in cold H*0 (Marignac, A ch

(3) 60 296 )
3CuF2, 2ZrF4+16H20 Sol in H20

(Mangnac )

Lithium fluozirconate, 2LiF, ZrF4

Ppt (Wells, Am J Sci 1897, (4) 3
468)

4LiF, ZrF4-f-KH20 Sol in H20 with
decomp (Wells, Am J Sci 1897, (4) 3
469)

Magnesium fluozirconate, MgZrF6-H5H2O

Sol in H2O (Mangnac )

Mangauous fluozirconate, MnZrF6-f-5H2O
Sol in H20 (Mangnac, J pr 83 202 )

Nickel fluozirconate, 2NiF2, ZrF44-12H2O

Sol in H2O (Marignac, A ch (3) 60
291 )

NiZrF8+6H20 Sol in H2O (Mang-
nac)

Nickel potassium fluozirconate, K2ZrF6,

NiZrF6+8H20
Sol in H20 (Marignac )

Potassium fluozirconate, KF, ZrF4+H2O

Much more sol in hot, than cold H2Q
(Marignac )

2KF, ZrF4=K2ZrF6 100 pts H20 dis-
solve at 2°, 0 781 pt , at 15°, 1 41 pts , at 19 °
1 69 pts , at 100°, 25 0 pts K2ZrF8 (Mang-
nac)

Insol m liquid NHS (Gore, Am Ch J
1898.20 829)

3KF, ZrF4

Sodium fluozirconate, 5NaF, ZrF4

100 pts H20 dissolve 0 387 pt at 18°, and

1 67 pts at 100° (Marignac )
2NaF, ZrF4 (Wells, Am J Sci 1897, (4)

3 469)
5NaF, 2ZrF4 Sol in H2O with decomp

(Wells )

Tellurium fluozirconate, TeF, ZrF4

Sol m H2O without decomp (Wells,
Am J Sci 1897, (4) 3 470 )

H-H2O Sol m H2O without decomp
(Wells )

31 el, ZrF4 Sol m H20 without decomp
(Wells )

51 eF, 3Zr* 4 Sol m H20 without decomp
(Wells )

Zinc fluozirconate, ZnZrF64-6H20

Sol m H20 (Marignac )

2ZnF2, ZrF4 + 12H20 Sol m H2O (Mar-
ignac, A ch (3) 60 257 )

Fulminating gold
See Auroanudoimide

Fulminating platinum,
See Fulminoplatinum

358

FULMINATING SILVER

wjr JL-*

pptd
(Fren

Fulminating silver
See Silver nitride

Fulmmoplatmum compounds

See—

Dtchlorofulmmoplatixium

rnchlorofulnunoplatimnn

T^lrachlorofulminoplatmum

Chloroxyfulmmoplatmum

Fuscocobalfcc chloride, Co(NH3MOH)Cl2

+H20

Sol in H20, from which it is precipitated
by NH4Cl+Aq, decomp by boiling H20,
from aqueous solution by alcohol
terny, C R, 32 501 )

nitrate, Co(NH3)4(OH)(N03)2+H2O

Sol in H20 Properties as the chloride
(Fremy )

sulphate, Co(NH8)4(OH)S04+lHH20

Sol in H20 Insol in NH4OH+Aq

(Fremy, C R 32 501 )
Insol in H20 Sol in cone HCl+Aq, or

H2SO4, from which it is precipitated by H20

(Vortmann, N 6 412 )

Fusible white precipitate
See Mercuncfoanunonium chlonde

Gadolinium, Gd
(Mangnac, C R 102 92 )

Gadohmum bromide, GdBr3+6H20

Sol in HBr (Benedicks. Z anorg 1900,
22 403 )

Gadohmum chlonde, GdCl3+6H20

Somewhat deliquescent Sol in H20
(Benedicks )

Gadohmum platinum chlonde
See Chloroplatmate, gadolinium

Gadohmum fluonde, GdF3

Insol mH20.sl sol inhotHF (Popovici.
B 1908, 41 635 )

Gadohmum hydroxide, Gd(OH)8
Ppt (Benedicks, Z anorg 1900, 22 402 )

Gadohmum oxide, Gd2O3

Sol in acids (de Boisbaudran, C R 111
394)

Somewhat hydroscopic, easily sol in acids
(Benedicks )

Gallium, Ga

Not decomp by H20, easily sol in cold
HC1 +Aq Slowly sol in warm dd HN03+
Aq Not attacked by cone HN08 free from

N203 below 40-50°, and only slowly in
presence of N20S (Dupre, C R 86 720 )

Easily sol in cold or warm KOH+Aq
(de Boisbaudran, A ch (5) 10 100 )

Gallium bromide, GaBr3
Deliquescent, and sol inH20

Gallium cfochlonde, GaCl2

Deliquescent, and decomp by H2O
son and Petersen, C R 107 527 )

(Nil-

Galhum chlonde, GaCl3

Deliquescent, and very sol in little H20
Decomp by much H20, with formation of
basic salt, which is slowly sol in dil HC1
+Aq

Gallium hydroxide

Sol in acids, sol in KOH or NaOH+Aq,
less easily in NH4OH+Aq, even in presence
of ammonium salts

Gallium iodide, GaI8

Deliquescent, and sol in H20 (de Bois-
baudran and Jungfleisch, C R 86 578 )

Gallium sw&oxide, GaO (?)
Sol in HNOa+Aq (Dupr<§ )
Sol in dil H2SO4+Aq

Gallium oxide, Ga203
Sol in acids

Germanium, Ge

Insol in HCl-f-Aq Easily sol m aqua
regia Decomp by HN034-Aq to oxide
Cone H2S04 decomp to sulphate Insol in
boiling KOH+Aq (Wmkler, J pr (2) 34
177,36 177)

Germanium tefrabromide, GeBr4
Decomp by H8O (Wmkler )

Germanium cfochlonde, GeCl2
Decompl by H20 (Wmkler )

Germanium tefrachloride, GeCl4

Sinks in H2O, and is gradually decomp
thereby (Winkler, J pr 34 177 )

Insol in and not attacked by hot cone
H2S04 (Friedrich, W A B 102, 2b 540 )

Germanium chloroform, GeHCl3

Decomp by H20 Sol in HCl+Aq
(Winkler )

Germanium t eti afluonde, GeF4

Dehquescent, and sol in H2O

+3H20 Dehquescent Melts in its
crystal H20 when warmed (Winkler )

GLASS

359

Germanium potassium fluoride
See Fluogermanate, potassium

Germanium hydride, GeH4

81 sol m hot HC1 Sol in NaOCl+Aq
(Voegelen, Z anorg 1902, 30 327 )

Germanium tefrcuodide, GeI4

Deliquescent, and sol in H20 with decomp
(Wmkler ) *

Germanium wowoxide, GeO

Not appreciably sol m dil H2S04+Aa
Easily sol in HCl-f-Aq Insol in alkalies
(Winkler, J pr (2) 34 177 )

Somewhat sol inH20,insol inH2S04+Aq,
even wnen hot and cone (van Bemmelen R
t c 6 205 )

Germanium dioxide, Ge02

Not very difficultly sol in H20

Easily sol in alkali carbonates or hydrates
-J-Aq, si sol in acids

Germanium oxychlonde, GeOCl2

Insol m H2O, sol in acids (Wmkler, J
pr (2) 36 177 )

Germanium raowosulphide, GeS
TT Sol m 402 9 pts H/) Sol in cone hot
ECl+Aq Sol m KOH+Aq Sol in
/xrrr \ a q en Pre^Pitated Insol in
(NH4)2S-f Aq if crystalline Also exists in a
colloidal state (Winkler )

Germanium ^sulphide, GeS2

Sol in 221 9 pts H20 Easily sol in
KOH+Aq, or NH4OH-f Aq Insol in acids
Exists also m a colloidal state (Wmkler )

Glass

Numerous and extensive researches have
been made on the action of H20 and various
solutions on glass The older work has a cer-
tain historical interest, but only a brief state-
ment of some of the more important results
Can be given here For a very thorough
r£sum6 of the work before the year 1861,
Storer's Dictionary, p 555, should be con-
sulted

All glass is more or less attacked by H20,
the more easily the greater the amount of
alkali present, the finer it is powdered, and
the higher the temperature

Glass as that of a flask is decomposed to a consider-
able exi ent by several days boiling with H20 a portion
of the fixed alkali being dissolved but when powdered
glass is rubbed with distilled H2O in a mortar the HaO
remains pure and exhibits no alkalinity CScheele )

Glass of alembics is partially dissolved bv long boil
ing with H2O (Lavoiser ) j

HaO extracts potash or soda from glass together with1

a portion of the silica the decomposition taking place
the more easily in proportion as the glass is richer in
alkalies more minutely divided or the temperature of
the water higher (Bischof Kastn Arch. 1 443)

Powdered crown glass and some varieties of window
glass render cold HjO alkaline when in contact there-
with (Dumas )

100 pts finely divided flint glass lose 7 pts potash
when boiled one week with H2O (Griffiths Q J Sea.

Retorts of ordinary or flint glass are partially dis-
solved by HaO when it is evaporated therein (Chev-
reul 1811 )

Finely powdered plate glass (Faraday Fogg 18 569)
and Thunngian potash glass (Ludwig Arch Phanxu 91
47) redden moistened turmeric paper

The alkaline reaction disappears by continued wash-
ing but reappears when the glass is freshly rubbed
(Griffiths )

Cold HaO takes up SiOa as well as alkali from glass
powder (Fuchs )

Powdered lead glass gives up appreciable amounts of
PbO to weakly acidified H O (Pelouze )

When powdered white glass containing 12 4% Na2O

15 5% CaO and 72 1% SiOs is treated repeatedly -with
H 0 more than 3% of the glass is dissolved and the
undissolved part gi\es up 1 5% CaO to HC14-Aq with
effervescence A tslass containing more alkali ^ e

16 3% NaaO 6 4% CaO 77 3% SiOa lost with the same
treatment 18 2% and the residue gave up 2% CaO to
HCl+Aq (Pelouze C R 43 117)

In the above case the fineness of the glass has an
influence as well as its composition When the same
sample of glass was boiled 1 hour with HaO amounts
were dissolved in the proportion 1 4 28 according as
the glass was in form of a coarse fine or very fine
powder Glass of the composition of the above samples
as given by Pelouze lost 10 and 32% respectively

If powdered glass is boiled with HaO and COa con-
ducted into the solution it is absorbed if boiled with
KaS04 NaaS04 is dissolved (Pelou?e )

Glass tubes are converted into a white crystalline
nass by heating with HaO several months to 75-150°
ead glass and Bohemian glass most easily English
crown glass least A little HaO attacks glass more
ihan much H 0

The action of H20 is greatly increased by
finely pulverising the glass

H20 dissolved 10% of a glass containing
12% Na20, 15 5% CaO, and 72 5% Si02, and
32% of another glass containing 16 3% Na20,
6 4% CaO, and 77 3% Si02 (Vogel, B A
Munchen, 1867 437 )

Action of H20 on a glass containing 74%
Sid, 8 6% CaO, 14% Na2O, 0 6% K20, with
traces of A12O3, Fe203, MnO, and MgO

By boiling with H2O a decrease of 3 9 mg
was observed for the first hour, which soon
Decame constant at 2 2 mg per hour The
action was then proportional to the tune, and
also to the surface in contact with the liquid,
iut independent of the amount of liquid
vaporatmg

The action decreases rapidly with the tem-
perature, so that at 90-100° only % as much
;lass is dissolved as by boiling H20 (Emmer-
A 150 257)

hey are so strongly attacked that the H2O
las an alkaline reaction, but tubes of hard or
Bohemian K glass are not so strongly at-
acked (Tollens, B 9 1540)
The effect of H20 is so great as to impart a
istinctly alkaline reaction to water condens-
ng in a tube of ordinary glass By condensing
water m long tubes of various kinds of glass
following results were obtained

360

GLASS

I Easily fusible Thuringian glass Sur-
face exposed =324 sq cm

After 2 hours, 62 0 mg KOH were dis-
solved

After 3 hours more, 36 0 mg KOH were dis-
solved

After 3 hours more, 33 2 mg KOH were dis-
solved

After 3 hours more, 20 8 mg KOH were dis-
solved

After 3 hours more, 20 8 mg KOH were dis-
solved

Or, in 14 hours, 172 8 mg KOH were dis-
solved

II Less easily fusible Thuringian glass
Surface exposed = 499 sq cm

After 3 hours, 192 mg KOH were dis-
solved

After 3 hours more, 15 2 mg KOH were dis-
solved

After 3 hours more, 12 4 mg KOH were dis-
solved

After 3 hours more, 112 mg KOH were dis-
solved

Or, after 12 hours, 58 0 mg KOH were dis-
solved

III Combustion tubing of very difficultly
fusible Bohemian glass Surface exposed
1130 sq cm

After 3 hours 4 16 mg KOH were dis-
solved

After 3 hours more 4 16 mg KOH were dis-
solved

After 3 hpurs more 4 16 mg KOH were dis-
solved

After 3 hours more 4 16 mg KOH were dis-
solved

Or, after 12 hours, 16 64 mg KOH were dis-
solved

IV Easily fusible Bohemian glass Sur-
face exposed = 1394 sq cm

After 3 hours, 788 mg KOH were dis-
solved

After 3 hours more, 8 56 mg KOH were dis-
solved

After 3 hours more, 1 97 mg KOH were dis-
solved

Or, after 9 hours, 24 32 mg KOH were dis-
solved (Kreusler and Henzold, B 17 34 )

From the above the following table has
been calculated

50 ccm H2O dissolves from a surface of
1000 sq m in 1 hour —

mg from easily fusible Thuringian

Action of H20 on various lands of Na glass
1 g of finely powdered glass was boiled 10-15
minutes in a silver dish with 100 ccm H20,
and the per cent of Na2O (or K20) in the
solution was determined

%Na20
(K20)

Orthoclase feldspar 0 17

Glass of a Bohemian combustion tube 0 56
flask (German manuf ) 0 69

champagne bottle 1 7

Natrohte 1 32

Glass of a wine bottle (Hungarian) 2 22
Glass which was attacked by H20

underpressure 3 7

jlass 3 8

Glass that broke easily 4 8

Glass tubing that became rough when

fused 6 L

Glass tubing that became opaque by

fusing 14 35

Solid water glass 26 97

(Wartha, Z anal 24 220 )

The relative ease by which various lands of
glass are attacked by H20 is shown by the
following table The glass was powdered and
heated on a water bath with exclusion of
atmospheric C02

Potassium water glass

Sodium water glass

Yellow glass rich in alkali

Thuringian glass

Ditto from Tittel and Co

Window glass

Lead glass from Jena

Bohemian glass from Kavaher

Lead crystal glass

Thermometer glass, 16IV, from
Jena

Zinc glass, 362, from Jena

Lead glass, 434, from Jena

291
196
34
19
8
8
6

2 4
1 4

1 0
0 8
0 6
0 2
0 0

12 8 mg from less fusible Thurmgian glass

1 2 mg from combustion tube of Bohemian
glass

2 0 mg from harder tube of Bohemian

(Kreusler and Henzold, B 17 34)

100 ccm H2O dissolves so much glass from a
flask every 2 seconds when in contact there-
with that 0 1 com % normal oxalic acid is
neutralised thereby (Bohlig, Z anal 23
518)

Lead glass, 483Z from Jena
Heaviest lead silicate, from Jena

(Mylms, C C 1888 1313 )
Solubility of various lands of glass in H20

The amounts dissolved from various kinds
of glass by heating 5 hours with H2O were as
follows
Yellow glass rich m alkali (13%

K2O, 15% Na20) 249 mg

Poor Thurmgian glass (6 6% K 0,

16 5% Na20) 91 4 "

Glass from Tittel and Co (71%

K20, 14 3% Na20) 30 4 "

Bottle glass from Schilling (4 2%

K20, 11 9% Na20) 13 0 "

Bohemian glass from Kavaher

(13 3% K20, 11 4% Na20) 10 1 "
Rhenish window glass (13 5%

Na20) 84"

Lead crystal glass from Ehren-

feld(121%K20) 85 "

Green bottle glass (1 3% K20, 9 5

%Na20) 65 "

GLASS

361

Solubility of various kinds of glass in H20 —
Continued

Thermometer glass 16HI from

Jena (14 0% Na20, 7% ZnO) 6 4 mg

Lead glass, No 483, from Jena

(47%PbO,73%K20) 3 3 "

Lead silicate 06 "

(Mylms and Forster, B 22 1100)

By calculation from the electrical conduct-
ivity of the solutions formed, various data
were obtained by Kohlrausch (B 24 3565),
which showed that different varieties of glass
were attacked m very different degree by
cold H20, and, moreover, the amount dis-
solved was proportionately much greater
during the first few minutes of treatment
with H20 than afterwards, and, furthermore,
the rate of decrease was much faster for good
glass than poor Increase of temperature
increased the rate of solubility to a very
great degree, the increase for 1° C being
about 17% In 7 hours at 80° half as much
was dissolved as in B months at 18° Ex-
tensive tables are given (Kohlrausch, B
24 3651 ) See also Kohlrausch (W Ann 44
577)

A very extensive research on the action of
HaO on glass, with a historical review of the
work previously done on the subject, has been
published by Myhus and Forster (Z anal
31 241 ) The general results may be summed
up as follows —

1 The solution of glass m H20 is caused by
a decomposition, by which free alkali is
formed

2 The silicic acid of the glass is bi ought
into solution by a secondary reaction of the
free alkali in the solution

3 The constituents of the solution change
according to the conditions of the diges-
tion

4 The amount of alL \h going into solution
from a given surface undu cert un conditions
is a measure for the resistance of a glass under
those conditions

5 The rate of attack of glass sui faces by
cold H20 decreases lapidly with the length
of time of digestion, and finally appi oaches a
constant value

6 Ihe solubility incieabes very lapidly
with increase of temper atun

7 The ratio of the solubility of scveial
kinds of glass is dependent on the tempera-
ture

8 From glasses which show the same ease
of attack unequal amounts of substance may
be dissolved

9 The solubility of a glass is influenced by
the condition of the surface from "weather-
ing" by prolonged exposure to the CO2 and
H20 of the air

10 The poorer a glass is the less will its
solubility decrease by prolonged treatment
with H20

11 A good glass is essentially less easily

attacked after having been previously treated
withH20

12 After treatment with H20, glass sur-
faces have the property of fixing alkali from
the solutions formed, and givingit up again
by a subsequent treatment with H20

13 Potassium glass is much more sol than
sodium glass (contrary to previous re-
searches), but the difference decreases as
the glass becomes richer m CaO

14 In glass flasks which are to be only
slightly attacked by cold or hot H2O, the CaO,
alkalies, and Si02 must stand in a fixed rela-
tion to each, other

15 Of the more common varieties of glass,
lead flint glass is least sol in H20, but its
surface is corroded, and it is easily decomp
by acids

(Mylnis and Forster, Z anal 31 241 )

Bottle glass containing much AlaOa is easily attacked
bv acids

From powdered flint glass boiling HC1 -j-Aq extracts
K but no Pb (Griffiths )

Bottles of flint glass with (NHOaCOs+Aq became so
fragile that on shaking pieces of glass were detached
(Griffiths )

All glass is decomp by HF

Cone HsPCU also attacks all glass

Glass containing small amounts of 8162 are attacked
by H S04 poorer glass by boiling HC1 HNOs and
aqua regia (Berzehus )

Cone HNO3 does not act on flmt glass at 145-150°
(Sorby C R 50 990)

Glass of ordinary chemical apparatus
gives up traces of metals to HC1 and HNDs+
Aq. but hard Bohemian glass consisting of
75% Si02, 15%K2O, 10% CaO, resists the
action of warm cone acids, also an easily
fusible Na K glass with 77 % Si02, 77%
K20, 5% Na2O, 103% CaO, is not easily
attacked (Stas )

KOH, and NaOH+Aq dissolve SiO2 from
glass the more easily the hotter and the more
cone the solutions are (Muller ) NH4OH,
and (NH4)2C03H-Aq attack many kinds of
glass, especially flint glass Ca02H2 attacks
glass appreciably at 45° and lower, still more
strongly on boiling (Lamy, A ch (5) 14
155)

The action of various solvents on the glass
mentioned on pago 359 m Emmerlmg's ex-
periments is as follows

Ihe action of HCl-fAq containing 02 to
3% HC1 ib practically null, but is increased
either by dilution or concentration A very
small quantity (0 02%) HC1 added to H20
almost wholly pi events its action on glass
With HCl+Aq (11% HC1) a decrease of 4 2
mg was noticed m the first hour, and only
3-4 mg afterwards The same is the case for
HNOs+Aq in still greater degree, 0008%
HNOg sufficing to nearly counteract the
solvent action of H20

H2S04+Aq has about double the solvent
effect possessed by H20

Oxalic and acetic acids both diminish the
solvent action of H20

The addition of even traces (004%) of

362

GLASS

Na2COs increases the solvent action, and this
is further rapidly increased by an increase in
the amount of Na2C08 Na2C08-f- Aq con-
taining 1% Na2CO3 dissolves about 10 times
as much as pure HoO, i e about 35 mg per
hour

The above is also the case with KOH+Aq,
but in even greater degree KOH+Aq con-
taming 0 025% KOH dissolved three times as
much as pure H20

(NH4)2CO3+Aq has about the same action
as H20

With NH4OH+Aq (9% NH8) 7 mg de-
crease for the first hour, and 3 mg afterwards
was noticed The concentration of the
NH4OH+Aq was apparently without effect

The addition of NH4C1 decreases the solv-
ent action of H20 proportionately to the
amount added, but with new flasks large
amounts are dissolved

With NH4Cl+Aq (7%NH4C1) 4 2 mg were
dissolved in the first hour, and the amount
dissolved gradually decreased to null after 24
hours on account of the liberation of HC1 by
the decomp of NH4C1

NaCl, KC1, KNOs, and Na2S04 show a
similar oehaviom to that of NH4C1

Na2HP04+Aq containing 04% Na2HP04

hag six tunes the solvent action of pure H2O
but the action is not increased by further
concentration

In general, those salts the acids of which
form insol Ca salts, as Na2C08, Na2SO4,
Na2HP04, (NH4)2C204, increase the solvent
action of H20, and this effect is greater the
more concentrated the solution JKC1,
JKNO8, NH4C1, and CaCl2 decrease the effect,
and the stronger the solution the less is the
action

All Na glass with approximately the above
composition has the same power of resistance
against H20, Bohemian K glass shows a
greater resistance, especially against acids
(Emmerhng, A 160 257 )

Action of various reagents on hard Bohemian
glass 100 ccm substance dissolved mg
glass in 6 days at 100°

H20 10 0

H2S-j-Aq 8 7

Dil (NH4)2S+Aq 52 5
Cone CNH4)2S+Aq 47 2
Cone NH4OH+Aq 42 5
Dil NH4OH+Aq 7 7
3STH4SH+Aq 51 2

(Cowper, Chem Soc 41 254 )

Action of various solutions on glass of different composition (The figures denote decrease
in weight in mg of a 100 ccm flask )

Time

i

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

H20

5 hrs

62

31

29

17

13

9

7

7

5

4

H2S04+Aq (25% H2S04)
HCl+Aq (12% HC1)
NH4OH+Aq (10% NH3)

3 "
3 "
3 "

85

43

35

27
62

8
4
11

7
2

8

6
1

7

5
1

7

5
1
6

5
0
5

3
0
5

Na2HP04+Aq (12% Na2HPO4)

3 "

81

64

40

35

34

30

15

12

Na2CO84-Aq (2% Na2C08)

3 "

283

160

130

124

50

45

42

42

26

25

Composition of above varieties of glass

i

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Si02
A1203
CaO
K20
Na20

76 22

4 27
19 51

74 09
0 40
5 85
7 32
12 34

76 39
0 50
5 50
4 94
12 67

68 56
1 85
7 60
2 24
19 75

74 48
0 50
7 15
6 64
11 23

74 69
0 45
7 85
8 64
8 37

66 75
1 31
13 37
05 50
3 07

74 12
0 50
8 55
4 86
11 97

77 07
0 30
8 10
3 75
10 78

74 40
0 70
8 85
4 40
11 65

It is seen that glass which resists the attack
of H2O also resists acids and alkalies, and that
the relative resistance of all varieties to any of
the solutions is the same Therefore the
action of H20 may be accepted as a criterion
for judging of the resistance of a glass to all
solvents Glass No 10, in which the molecu-
lar ratio of SiO2 CaO K2O(Na2O) is 8 1 1 5, is
recommended as best suited for chemical
uses (Weber and Sauer, B 25 70 )

Mykus and Forster (B 26 97) recommend
a glass in which the molecular ratio of
SiO2 CaO K20 (Na20) is 7 2 1 1 1 as the
best suited for chemical apparatus

In an exhaustive research on the action of
aqueous solutions on glass, which cannot be
given m full on account of its great length,
the following conclusions are reached —

1 Solutions of caustic alkalies act on glass
much more strongly than H20, dissolving all
the constituents ot the glass — that is, the glass
as such Very dilute solutions form an ex-
ception

2 Oi the caustic alkalies, NaOH+Aq has
the strongest action, then come KOH,
NH4OH, and Ba02H2+Aq m the order
named

3 Increase m temperature increases the

GLUCINUM STANNIC CHLORIDE

363

strength of the attack of alkalies very con-
siderably

4 At high temperatures, the ease with
which glass is attacked increases at first
rapidly with the concentration of the alkali,
but afterwards more slowly

5 At ordinary temperatures very concen-
trated alkali solutions have less action on
glass than dil solutions

6 Solutions of pure alkalies, if not too
cone , act less on glass than when contamin-
ated with small amounts of Si02

7 Alkali carbonates +Aq attack glass
much more than H2O, even when they are
very dilute The action corresponds less to
that of the caustic alkalies than to that of
other salts With equivalent concentration,
Na2C08+Aq has a stonger action than K2C08
+Aq

8 The action of salt solutions on glass is a
compound one, depending both on the con-
centration and the kind of salt dissolved, and
is made up of the action of the H20 and the
salt in solution

9 Each kind of attack is differently in-
fluenced by the composition of the glass

10 Solutions of those salts, the acids of
which form msol Ca salts, have a stronger
action than H20, and the action increases
with the concentration

11 Solutions of those salts, the acids of
which form sol Ca salts, have less action
than H20, and the action decreases with the
concentration (Forster, B 25 2494 )

Data on this subject published since the
first edition of this work have not been con-
sidered

Glucimc acid

Potassium glucinate, K2G102

Very deliquescent Sol in H2O and acids
(Kruss and Moraht B 23 733)

Glucmum (Beryllium), Gl

Not attacked by hot or cold H20 Sol in
cold dil HN03+Aq (Wohlcr, Pogg 13
577)

Sol only in boiling cone HN03-J-Aq
(Debray, A ch (3) 44 5 )

Sol in dil HCl+Aa dil and cone H2SO4+
Aq, and KOH+Aq, but msol in NH4OH+
Ao? (Wohlcr, Debray)

Sol in hot HC1, hot cone HN03, and hot
cone H2S04 (Lebeau, A ch 1S99, (7)

Glucinium azoimide, G1N3

Decomp by hot H2O (Curtius, J pr
1898, (2), 58 292 )

Glucmum borocarbide, 3G12C, B6C

Insol in H20 Easily sol in mineral acids
especially HN03 (Lebeau, A ch 1899, (7)

C4B6G16 Stable in air
Easily sol in mineral acids, cone and dil
(Lebeau, C R 1898, 126 1349 )

Glucinum bromide, GlBr2

Sol in H20 with evolution of much heat
rWohler )

Sol in abs alcohol (Lebeau, A ch 1899,
(7) 16 484 )

Glucinum carbide, G12C

Decomp by H20 Slowly attacked by
cold or hot cone HC1 and HN08 Gradu-
ally but completely sol in dil acids (Le-
beau, A ch 1899, (7), 16 476 )
G1C2 Not easily decomp bv strong acids
Easily sol with decomp in dil acids
(Lebeau, C R 1895, 121 497 )

Glucinum chloride, G1C12

Anhydrous Fumes and deliquesces in air
Sol in H20 with hissing and evolution of
much heat Easily sol in alcohol

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore. Am Ch J
1898,20 828)

Sol in alcohol and ether SI sol in CeH6,
CHC18, C14 and CS2 (Lebeau, A ch 1899,
(7) 16 493 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904,
37 4329)

-f 4H20 Very hydroscopic

Easily sol m H20 and in alcohol (Mie-
leitner, Z anorg 1913, 80 73 )

Gluctnum chloride ammonia, G1C12, 4NH8
(Mieleitner, Z anorg 1913, 80 73 )

Glucinum chloride iodine inchlonde,

2IC13, G1C12+8H20

Hygroscopic (\V( inland, Z anorg 1902,
30 140)

Glucinum ferric chloride, G1C12, FeCl3+H O
Decomp by H20 (Neumann, A 244
329)

Glucinum mercuric chloride, G1C12, 3HgCl2-f-

6H20
Sol in H2O (Atterborg, B 6 1288 )

Glucinum thallic chloride, 3G1C12, 2T1C13

Cryst from HC1 solution (Neumann, A
244 348)

Glucinum stannic chloride
See Chlorostannate, glucinum

364

GLUCINUM FLUORIDE, BA8IC

Glucinum fluoride, basic, 2G10, 5G1F2
Sol in H20 (Lebeau, A ch 1899, (7) 16
484)

Glucinum fluoride, G1F2
Deliquescent Sol in H20 Insol in
anhydrous HF Sol in alcohol (Lebeau,
C R 1898,126 1421)
Sol in H20 in all proportions Somewhat
sol in abs alcohol Easily sol in 90% al-
cohol, also in a mixture of alcohol and ether
Insol in anhydrous HF (Lebeau, A ch
1899, (7) 16 484 )

Solubility of freshly pptd G102H2 in NaOH +
Aq at room temperature

milhmols Na per 1

G G10 dissolved in 1 1

649
540
540
483
383
388
386
390

3 6
2 92
2 53 -
1 69
1 64
1 53
1 45
1 24

In the first two cases the values were ob-

Glucinum potassium fluoride, G1F2, KF
SI sol in H2O (Awdejew ) Much more

sol in hot than cold H20 (Berzelms)
G1F2, 2KF Sol in about 50 pts H20 at

20°, and 19 pts boiling H20 (Marignac )

Glucintun sodium fluoride, G1F2, 2NaF

Sol in 34 pts H20 at 100°, and 68 pts at
18° (Marignac )

Glucmum hydroxide, G102H2

Easily sol in acids Sol in H2S08+Aq

Sol in C02+Aq, 100 com sat C02+Aq
dissolve 00185 g G10 (Sestim, Gaza ch
it 20 313 )

Also sol in KOH, NaOH, NH4OH, or
(NH4)2CO8+Aq; especially when freshly pre-
cipitated, alsa in Na2COs, or K2CO3-hAq
(Debray )

Insol in NH4OH-hAq containing NH4C1+

Very si sol in Li2C08+Aq (Gmehn )

Sol inH2S04-|~Aq (Berthier )

Sol in Ba02H2+Aa, from which it is pptd
by NH4 salts, but not by boiling Sol in
boiling NH4Cl+Aq when freshly pptd

Sol inNH4F-f-Aq (HelmholtZ anorg 3
130)

Solubility of G102H2 in NaOH+Aq

tamed by adding to G1C12+ Aq at 0°. ice cold
NH4OH and treating the ppt with NaOH-H
Aq In the remaining cases by dissolving
basic G1C08 in HC1 and pouring into NaOH+
Aq (Haber, Z anorg 1904, 38 386 )

Solubility of GlOsHs, which is one week old'
in NaOH-f Aq at t°

NaOH

X-N
1-N
2-N

1-N
2-N
M-N
1-N
2-N

20-23°

20-23°

20-23°

50-5a°

50-53°

50-53°

100°

100°

100°

G G10 in 1 1

0 060
0 170
0 570
0 080
0 230
0 900
0 080

0 290

1 020

(Haber )
Solubility of G102H2 in NaOH+Aq at 25°

G mols

Na

0 268
0 318
0 446
0 526
0 563
0 801
0 854

Gl

0 0330
0 0492
0 0841
0 089
0 101
0 143
0 202

G Na w 20 ccm

0 3358
0 6717

0 8725

1 7346

G Gl in 20 ccm

0 0358
0 0882
0 1175

0 2847

(Rubenbauer, Z anorg 1902, 30 334 )

When glucmum hydroxide is treated with
alkali, more dissolves at first than corresponds
with the true equilibrium under the prevail-
ing conditions, for such solutions spontane-
ously deposit more or less glucmum hydrox-
ide according to the concentration (Ruben-
bauer )

(Wood, Chem Soc 1910, 97 884 )

Insol in NH4OH+Aq and m alkyl amines
(Renz, B 1903, 36 2753 )

Sol in GlS04+Aq (Parsons, J phys
Chem 1907, 11 658 )

A form insol in acids and alkalies can be
obtained by sufficiently long heating in boil-
ing H/), Na2C03-fAq, NH4OH+A.q, or
solutions of NaOH or KOH so dil that the
G1O2H2 is either insol or very si sol therein
(\anOordt, C C 1906,1 108)

100 ccm of glycerine -f Aq containing about
60% by vol of glycerine dissolve 0 1 g G10
fMuller, Z anorg; 1905,43 322)

Contains VsH2Q (Schaffgotsch) , 4/sH20 (At-
terberg)

GLUCINUM SELENIDE

365

Solubility of G102H2, which has been boiled with alkali in various solvents

Alkali used

Time

Solvent

Solubility

10-N NaOH

NaOH
NaOH

2Hhrs

Long time
2hrs

0 106-N NaOH
039-N NaOH
097-N NaOH
2 0-N NaOH
2 0-N NaOH
10-N K3C02
Dil HC1
Hot cone HC1
Dil acetic acid

1 mol G1O2H2 331 mole NaOH
Imol G1O2H2 183 mole NaOH
Imol G1O2H2 91 8 mole NaOH
1 mol G1O2H2 49 mole NaOH
Imol G1O2H2 49 mole NaOH
Insol
SI sol
Slowly sol
Almost insol

KOH

Till flocculent
ppt appeared

1-N KOH

1-N NaOH
Warmdil HC1

Insol

a

Sol

i/£~N Na2CO8

f Jf-N Na2CO3 for
\ then Vi<r-N Na2CO3
[ for

3hrs
3 hrs and
4hrs

1-N NaOH
Dil HC1

1-N NaOH
Dil HC1

Easily sol
a

SI sol
Slowly sol

}£-N K2C03
10-N K2CO3

6 hrs
Short tune

10-N K2C03
1-N NaOH
Cold 10-N K2C03

Insol

Easily sol
Very slowly sol

NH4OH

5 hrs

Ji-N NaOH

Very si sol

(Haber )

Glucrnum iodide, G1I2

Sol in H2O with evolution of much heat
(Wohler )

Decomp m moist air and by H2O

Sol in abs alcohol Insol in most neutral
organic solvents, as benzene, toluene, etc
(Lebeau, C R 1898, 126 1273 )

Insol in C6H6, C7IIs and oil of turpentine
Easily sol m Cb2 Sol in anhydrous alcohols
without evolution of heat (Lebeau, A ch
1899, (7) 16 490 )

Crlucinum iodide ammonia, 2G1I2, 3NH3
Ppt (Lebeiu, A ch 1899, (7) 16 492 )

Gluwntun oxide, G1O

Crystalline Insol m acids except cone
H2S04 (Ebeimen, C H 32 710 )

Amorphous Absolutely insol m HaO
The higher the temp to which the substance
has been heated the more insol is it in acids
Insol m NH4OH-h Aq or (NH4)2CO3+Aq
Insol in cone NH4Cl-f-Aq, or KOH, and
NaOH-hAq (Rose )

When obtained by ignition of G1SO4, it is
very slowly but completely sol m HC1, and
H2S04+Aq (Rose )

Insol in hydracids Sol m cone H2S04
(Lebeau, C R 1896, 123 819 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am ch J
1898, 20 828 )

Glucinum peroxide basic, 2G102, 3G1O

+8J£H2O (Komarovski, Chem Soc
1913, 104 (2) 707 )

Glucinum oxybronudes

Sol in H20 if three or less equivalents of
base are present to one of acid, insol if more
of the base is present (Ordway, Am J Sci
(2) 26 207 )

Glucinum oxychlonde, G12OC13 = G1O, G1C12

Insol in H20

3G1C1, 2G1O+2H20 (?) Sol in H20
(Atterbcrg )

G1C12, 3G10+3H O (?) Sol m H2O, but
solution soon becomes cloudy and deposits a
fine ppt By boiling the solution it is decomp
into above salt, and G1C12, 12G102H2-f
10H2O, which is insol in H2O, decomp into
G1O2H2 by washing Sol in acids (Atter-
beig)

Glucinum oxyfluonde, 5G1F2, 2G10

Readily sol in H2O (Lebeau, C R 1898,
126 1419)

Glucinum phosphide
Decomp byH20 (Wohler)

Glucinum setemde
SI sol in H2O (Berzelius )

366

GLUCINUM SULPHIDE

Glucuaum sulphide

Slowly sol without decomp in H20, but
easily decomp by acids (Wohler )

Gold, Au

Gold which has been pptd from AuCl3+
Aq by FeS04 is si sol in HC1 (Awerkiew,
Z anorg 1909, 61 10 )

Not attacked by H20 Insol in HN08 or
HCl+Aq Easily sol in aqua regia or any
mixture evolving Cl or Br Sol in selenic
acid, or antunonic acid+Aq, less easily in
arsenic acid+Aq Sol in mixtures of HC1
and nitrates, or EGSTOs and chlorides, also in
(NaCl+KNOs+K2Al2(S04)4)+Aq (?) Insol
m H2S04, except in presence of KMn04,
HNO8, or HIO3 Sol in a solution of I in
ether in direct sunlight

Sol in solutions of feme, and cupnc salts

Sol m HCl+Aq containing H2Cr04,
H2Mn04, H2SeO4, HsAsO^ orFeCls (Wurtz)

Attacked by fuming HC1 (sp gr 1 178) at
ord temp in direct light, especially in the
presence of a trace of MnCl2, but not attacked
m the dark even in the presence of this bait
(Berthelot, C K, 1904, 138 1298 )

100 ccm hot cone HC1 dissolve 0 008 g
yellow Au powder in 4 hours (Hannot and
Raoult, C R 1912, 155 1086 )

Upon boiling 25 and 50 cc HCl+Aq (sp
gr 1 178), dil to 125 cc with 250 mg sheet
Au 1/8 in square, 0009 m thick, weighing
250 mg for several hours, there "ft as no loss
of weight of Au (McCaughey, J Am Chem
Soc 1909, 31 1263 )

From 5 g finely divided ordinary yellow
gold, 100 cc HN03 of 22° B dissolve 0 002 g
in 2 hrs

100 cc HNO3 of 32° B dissolve 0 0119 g
m 2 hrs

100 cc HN08 of 36° B dissolve 0 028 g
in 2 hrs

100 cc HNO8 monohydrate dissolve 0 076

? in 2 hrs (Hannot and Raoult, C R 1912,
55 1085)

From 5 g brown gold

100 ccm HN03 of 22° Baume dissolve
0 006 g in 2 hrs

100 ccm HN08 of 32° Baume dissolve
0 039 g in 2 hrs

100 ccm HN08 of 36° Baume dissolve
0 078 g m 2 hrs

100 ccm HNO3 monohydrate dissolve 1 540
g in 2 hrs (Hanriot and Raoult )

SI sol m boiling HN03 (sp gr =142)
The solution deposits Au by standing several
days (Dewey, J Am Chem Soc 1910, 32
320 )

Best composition of aqua regia for dissolv-
ing Au is 200 cc HC1 (sp gr 1 1946) 45 cc
HNO3 (sp gr 1 4) and 245 cc H20 1 pt
Au is sol in 43 pts of such a mixture
(Priwozmk, C C 1910,11 1743)

Sol m 1 pt HNOs+4 pts HC1 as repre-
senting the most economical mixture (Fri-
wozmk, Chem Soc 1911, 100 (2), 484 )

Easily sol in mtrosulphomc acid from sul-
phuric acid manufacture, when mixed with
equal parts cone HCl+Aq (Borntrager.
Rep anal Ch 1887 741 )

Sol in hot cone H2S04 in the presence of
Mn02, Mn208, Mn804, Pb02, Pb20s, Pb8O4,
CrO8, Cr04 and Ni203 Solution also takes
place slowly in the cold Sol in hot H2S04+
KMn04 Slowly sol in cold, more rapidly in
hot HoS04+HNOs (Lenher, J Am Chem
Soc 1904,26 550)

Sol in a hot solution of crystalline telluric
acid in H2S04 or H8P04

Sol in hot H8P04 in the presence of MnO2,
Mn208, Mn804, the higher oxides of lead,
Cr08, chromium tetr oxide and mckelic
oxide Solution takes place more slowly in
the cold Sol in hot H8P04 m the presence
of KMn04 Slowly sol in a cold, more
rapidly sol in a hot mixture of H3P04 and
HN08

Sol in hot arsenic acid in the presence of
Mn02, Mn208 and Mn804 (Lenher, J
Am Chem Soc 1904, 26 550 )

Gold leaf is not attacked by cold cone
H2Se04, when completely free from halogens,
but is dissolved by cone H2Se04 at 300°
(Lenher, J Am Chem Soc 1902, 24 354 )

Solubility of thin sheet Au in HC1 solution
of non alum

Mg Au dissolved

Time

hours

1 g Fe

1 g Fe

2g Fe

2g Fe

25 cc HC1

50 cc HC1

25 cc HC1

50 cc HC1

Temp 38-43°

16

1 00

1 30

1 08

1 47

22

1 12

1 55

1 20

1 81

40

1 52

2 15

1 82

2 75

46

1 71

2 34

2 02

2 95

64

1 96

3 10

2 60

3 79

79

2 12

3 30

2 S3

4 05

80

2 32

3 65

3 22

4 65

100

2 40

3 76

3 3S

4 81

113

2 45

3 95

3 51

5 12

124

2 60

4 09

3 63

5 39

161

2 78

4 36

3 95

5 9b

185

2 90

4 49

4 11

6 22

Temp 98-100°

1

1 13

0 78

1 15

1 27

2

1 99

1 74

2 56

2 86

4

3 46

3 31

4 55

5 06

16

10 09

11 37

13 15

15 56

20

12 20

13 72

15 59

19 41

24

14 37

16 49

17 96

23 29

36

17 38

23 27

22 07

31 73

42

18 79

26 30

24 62

35 29

54

20 94

31 39

29 49

42 11

59H

21 64

33 12

30 64

44 43

GOLD

367

The solution contained the given amounts
of Fe as jron alum, the sp gr of the HC1
was 1 178, and the solutions diluted to 125 cc
(McCaughey, J Am Chem Soc 1909, 31
1263)
The solvent action of ferric salt occurs
even in presence of a ferrous salt, but de-
creases with increase of concentration of
ferrous salt (McCaughey )

Solubility of thin sheet Au in HC1 solution
of CuCl2

Solubility of Au which has been pptd from
AuCla+Aq by various precipitants in
HCl+formaldehyde

HCHO
(40%)
ccm

HCl
(119)
com

Au dis
sol\ ed
g

Au used was
pptd from
AuCls+Aq bv

150
100
125
100
150
250
500
100
100
100
150
250
150
100
100
100

150
100
25
200
150
250
500
500
200
200
300
125
75
200
200
100

0 0007
0 0006
0 0008
0 0009
0 0003
0 0002
0 0008
0
0 0004
0
0 0006
0 001
0 0013
0 0008
0 0006
0 0005

FeS04

t(

et

sugar
oxalic acid

tc

FeS04
oxalic acid

tc
et

su^ar
FeS04

ec

HCHO

cc

Time
hours

Mg Au dissolved

Ig Cu
25 cc HC1

1 g Cu
50 oc HC1

2g Cu
25 cc HC1

2g Cu
50 cc HC1

Temp 38-43°

19
25

43
4&1A

wyz

78
91
102
139
163

0 03
0 09
0 10
0 12
0 11
0 14
0 14
0 16
0 18
0 23

0 26
0 36
0 54
0 bl
0 76
0 87
0 92
1 02
1 34
1 60

0 05
0 05
0 14
0 15
0 17
0 22
0 24
0 27
0 32
0 39

0 39
0 54
0 94
1 07
1 40
1 58
1 75
1 90
2 45
2 84

180
360
360
209

540
720
720
400

0
0 001
0 0019
0 0013

FeS04
sugar
Fe§04

In the last four cases the solubility was
determined at the ordinary temp , in the
first sixteen the gold was boiled with the
mixture of HC1 and HCHO

(Awerkiew, Z anorg 1909, 61 3 )

Solubility of Au in boiling HCl-f
paraformaldehyde

Temp 98-100°

1
4
16
20
26
38
43
48
60

0 15
0 55
1 34
1 63
2 17
3 13
3 61
4 07
4 82

0 34
1 23
5 00
6 5°
9 13
13 9S
16 54
19 W
2b 37

0 17
0 55
2 12
2 78
3 59
5 07
5 77
6 26
7 47

0 46
1 35
8 80
11 86
15 70
23 14
26 62
30 80
39 09

(CH2O)3
g

HCl

(1 19)
g

Dissolved
Au g

Au used was
pptd from.
AuCla+Aq b\

5
5
25
20
20
20
20
20
20
40
20
20
10
10
60

25
25

125
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
300
300
200
200
120

0 0005
0 0004
0 006
0 0024
0 0034
0 003
0 0065
0 0044
0 0005
0 001
0 0024
0 003
0 0008
0 0006
0 0015

FeSO4
oxalic acid
sugar
CHOH

CHsOH

«

sugar
formic acid

cc

CH3OH

FcSO4
a

CH8OH
oxalic acid
FeSO4

Conditions tht tsirnc is ibovt foi HC1 +
iron alum (McCaughey )

Finely powdered gold is sol in cone HC1
in the presence of alcohol, etc
0 0302 g Au is sol in 100 cc HCl+lOOcc
CH3OH
0 0230 g Au is sol in 100 cc HCl-j-100 cc
CHC1*
0 0066 g Au is sol in 100 cc HCl +100 cc
C2H6OH
0 0190 g Au is sol in 100 cc HC1+100 cc
CsHnOH
0 0125 g Au is sol in 100 cc HCl-f 50 cc
CC13CH(OH)2

(Awerkiew )

(Awerkiew, C C 1908, II 1566 )

368

GOLD

Solubility of Au in boiling HCl+methyl
alcohol

Solubility of Au in boiling HCl+phenol

CeHfiOH

g

HCl
(l 19) g

Dissolved
Aug

Au used was
pptd from
AuCls+Aq by

CHsOH
(99%)
ccm

HCl
(119)
ccm

Dissolved
Au g

Au used was
pptd from
AuCls+Aq by

10+25
10
20
25
25
50
25
25

100
40
50
100
150
200
250
250

0 001
0 0004
0 0003
0 0005
0
0 0005
0 0005
0 0012

C6H6OH

oxalic acid

it

FeS04

HCOH

ti

FeS04

(C

100
150
150
25
50
50
50
50
50
100
500
1000
50
100
100
75
90
75
80
100
100
50

100
150
150
25
50
50
50
50
50
100
500
1000
100
200
300
25
30
25
20
50
50
200

0 0302
0 0043
0 028
0 001
0 0002
0 0005
0 0002
0 0015
0 002
0 0009
0 0128
0 0281
0 0084
0 0006
0
0 005
0 005
0 0014
0 0005
0 0018
0 0008
0 001

FeS04
oxalic acid
sugar
CH4OH
oxalic acid
CH8OH
oxalic acid

FeS04

(t

oxalic acid

FeS04
ft

t

e
t

HCOH
t

t
t

FeSO4

CHsOH

tt

(Awerkiew )
Solubility of Au in boiling HCl + chloroform

CHCh
g

HCl
(119)
g

Dissolved
Au g

Au used was
pptd from
AuCls+Aq by

50
100
100
150
200
250
300

100
100
100
50
400
250
300

0 0009
0 023
0 0017
0 0012
0 0024
0 002
0 0106

FeS04
i

t
<

sugar

t

(Awerkiew )

Solubility of Au in boiling HCl+ethyl
alcohol

(Awerkiew )

Colloidal gold is sol m dil alkalies (Paal,
B 1902, 35 2236 )
Rather quickly sol in 10-15% solution
I in KI+Aq
Very slowly sol in 5% solution of I m KI +

Scarcely sol in more dil solution of I m
KI+Aq
Easily sol in 10% NHJ+I Less easily
sol m 5% NH4I+I (Dormg )
Sol m cold NaaS+Aq when Na2S is present
m proportion of 843 pts Na2S to 1 pt Au
(Becker, SiU, Am J (3) 33 199 )
In finely divided state Au is sol m boiling
KCN+Aq Not attacked by boiling HgCl2
+Aq (Vogel, J pr 20 366 )

Solubility of \u (disks) m KCN+Aq with
(A) oxygen passed through solution, and
(B) agitated with oxygon

CaHsOH
(95%)
ccm

HCl
(119)
ccm

Dissolved
Au g

Au used was
pptd from
AuCb-fAq by

25
100
200
150
100
100
200
250
300
1000
150

50
200
400
50
300
100
200
250
300
1000
150

0 0006
0 0111
0 0017
0 0003
0 0004
0 0015
0 0055
0 0021
0 0197
0 007
0 008

FeSO4

((

it

sugar
((

tt

C2H2OH

sugar
Fe§04

CH8OH
a

(Awerkiew )

Solubility of Au in boiling HCl+amyl
alcohol

CsHnOH
g

HCl

(1 39)
g

Dissolved
Au 4.

Au used was
pptd from
AuCls+Aq by

% KCN

g Au dissolved in 24 hours

A B

100
100
150
100
150
300
200
500

100
200
150
100
50
100
200
500

0 019
0 0048
0 0024
0 0027
0 0032
0 0023
0 0067
0 028

FeS04

((

sugar
a

FeSO4
CsHnOH
FeS04

1

5
20
50

0 00845 0 0187
0 01355 0 0472
0 0115 0 0314
0 00505 0 108

(Maclaurm, Chem Soc 1893, 63 729 )

The solution of Au in KCN+Aq is es-
sentially hastened by sunlight (Caldecott,
Proc Chem Soc 1904, 20 199 )

(Awerkiew )

GOLD CHLORIDE

369

The presence of oxygen is necessary for
the solution of Au in JKCN+Aq The rate
of solution of Au in KCN-f Aq vanes with
the strength of the solution, being small for
cone solutions, increasing as the solution
becomes more dilute, reaching a maximum at
0125% KCN, and then again diminishing
(Maclaunn, Chem Soc 1895, 67 211 )

Solubility of Au (strips) in dil KCN+Aq

%KCN

0

0 0005
0 001
0 0016
0 002
0 00325
0 004
0 008
0 016
0 0325
0 065

Mg Au dissolved m 24 hours

0 010

0 043-0 07
0 10-0 23
0 16

0 44

1 77
4 29

48 43

74 96
150 54
168 12

(Christy, Elektrochem Z 1901, 7 205 )

Finely divided metallic gold is completely
sol at the ord temp in solutions of potas-
sium ferrocyamde Solution takes place
very slowly even when the potassium ferro-
cyamde solution is boihng (Beutel, Z
anorg 1912,78 158)

Sol in RbClJ-fAq (Erdmann, Arch
Pharm 1894. 232. 30 )

Not attacked by FeCls+Aq when air is
excluded but very energetically attacked in
presence of HC1 and oxygen (Mcllhiney,
Am J Sci , 1896, (4), 2 293 )

Not attacked by several days heating
with SOC12 at 150° At 200° there is si
action in 10 days" (North, J Am Chem
Soc 1912, 34 892 )

S02C12 in excess dissolves pulverulent Au
by several hours heating at 160° (North,
Bull Soc (4), 9 647 )

Sol in PC18 (Baudrimont, A ch (4) 2
416)

Easily sol in acid solutions of thiocar-
bamide especially in presence of suitable
oxidizing compounds (Moir, Chem Soc
1906,89 1345)

Gold arsenide, AuAs

H20 or alcohol slowly extracts As, HNO5-|-
Aq converts into Au and H8As04 Sol in
aqua regia Not attacked by cold, decomp
by hot cone H2SO4 (Tivoli, C C 1887 778,
J B 1887 610 )

Gold bismuthide, Au2Bi
Min Maldomte Sol in aqua regia

Aurous bromide, AuBr

Insol m H20 (Thomsen, C C 1860
606)

Insol in H2O,HN03, HSO*
Sol in NHjOH+Aq with decomp
Decomp by HBr and KBr+Aq Sol in
KCN+Aq without decomp Slowly decomp
by alcohol, ether, acetone and moist CHC18
(Lengfeld, Am Ch J 1901, 26 325 )

Gold (auroaunc) bromide, Au2Br<
Not deliquescent H2O or ether dissolves

out AuBrs (Thomsen, C C 1860 606 )
Does not exist (Kruss, B 20 640 )
Existence is maintained by Petersen (J

pr (2) 46 334 )

Auric bromide, AuBr8

Not deliquescent Slowly sol inH20, more
readily in ether

Can be recryst from AsBrs, SbBr8, TiBra
or SnBr2 (Lindet, Bull Soc 1886, (2) 45
149)

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann. B
1909,42 3790)

Aurous phosphorus tfnbromide, AuBr, PBr$
Decomp by H2O (Lmdet, J pr (2) 32
494)

Auric phosphorus pentabromide, AuBr3,

PBrfi
Decomp byH2O (Lmdet)

Aurous bromide phosphorus tfnchloride,

AuBr, PC18
Decomp by H2O (Lindet )

Auric praseodymium bromide,

PrBr8, AuBr8+10H20
Very sol in H2O, sol in cone HBr (Von
Schule, Z anorg 1898, 18 355 )

Aurous bromide ammonia,
AuBr, 2NH8

Decomp by H2O and dil HC1

Sol in aqua regia (Meyer, C R 1906,
143 281 )

Gold carbide, Au2C2

Ppt Decomp by boiling H20 without
evolution of C2H2 Decomp by HC1 with
evolution of C2H2 (Mathews, J Am Chem
Soc 1900,22 110)

Aurous chloride, AuCl

Insol m H20, but gradually decomp
thereby into Au and AuCls (Thomsen, J
pr (2) 13 341 )

Insol m H2O and dil HNOj

Decomp by cone HN08 to Au and AuCl8

Sol in HC1, HBr and in sol of alkali
chloride and bromides, with decomp

Decomp by alcohol, ether and acetone
" ' ' 1, Am Ch J 1901, 26 324 )

370

GOLD CHLORIDE

Gold (auric) chloride, AuCl3

Deliquescent Very sol in H20 Sol in

1 47 pts H20 (Abl J Sol in cone HC1, or
HNOs+Aq without decomp

AsCls dissolves about 22% at 160° and

2 5% at 15° Solubility in SbCls is about the
same Much less sol in SnCl4 or TiCl4,
SnCU dissolving 4% at 160° and hardly a
trace at 0° Very si sol in hot or cold SiCl4
(Lindet, Bull Soc (2) 46 149 )

SI sol in liquid NH8 (Franklin and Kraus,
Am Ch J 1898, 20 829 )

Sol in alcohol with gradual decomp
(Gmehn) Sol in ether with decomp in light
or on long standing Ether extracts AuCls
from AuCls+Aq (Proust) Sol in volatile
oils with gradual decomp

Sol in ether (Mylius, Z anorg 1911, 70
207)

Very sol in ether (Willstatter, B 1903,
36 1830)

Completely sol in ether (Frank, C C
1913, II 541 )

Insol in or decomp by alcohol, ether, CS2,
CeECg. oil of turpentine, pentane, hexane,
CHCls, CCU, ethyl nitrate, mtrobenzol,
ethyl acetate, ethyl propionate and pyri-
dine (Lenher. J Am Chem Soc 1903. 25
1138 )

+2H20 (Thomsen )

Auroaunc chloride, Au2Cl4

Decomp by H20 into AuCla and AuCl
(Thomsen, J pr (2) 13 357 )

Does not exist (Kruss and Schmidt, J
pr (2) 38 77 )

Existence is maintained by Chnstensen
( J pr (2) 46 328 )

Auric chloride with MCI
See Chloraurate, M

Aunc mtrosyl chloride, AuCl3, NOC1

Sol in H2O with decomp (Sudborough,
Chem Soc 59 662 )

Aurous phosphorus rfrachlonde, AuCl, PC13
Decomp by H2O Sol in about 100 pts
PC1S at 15°, and about 8 pts at 120° Sol m
AsCl8 (Lindet, C R 101 1492 )

Aunc phosphorus pewtachlonde, AuCl3, PC15
Decomp by H2O Nearly insol in PC13
Sol inAsCls (Lindet)

Aurous potassium chloride, AuCl, KC1

Decomp by H2O or ECl+Aq into KC1,
KAuCl4, and Au (Berzehus )

Aunc potassium chloride
See Chloraurate, potassium

Aunc selenium chloride, AuCls, SeCl4

Decomp by H20 Sol in AsCl8 (Lindet,
C R 101 1492 )

Gold (aurous) sodium chloride, AuCl, Nad
Insol in H20 Sol in alcohol (Meillet,

J Pharm 3 447 )
Formula is 4NaCl, AuCl, AuCls (Jbrgen-

sen )

Aunc sodium chloride
See Chloraurate, sodium

Aunc sulphur chloride, AuCls, SC14

Easily decomp by H20 (Lindet, C R
101 1492)

Aurous chloride ammonia, AuCl, NHS

Ppt Unstable (Diemer, J Am Chem
Soc 1913,35 554)

AuCl, 3NE8 Decomp by H20 and dil
acids

Sol in aqua regia Sol in cone H2SO4
with decomp (Meyer, C R 1906, 143 282 )

AuCl, 12NH8 (Meyer)

Aunc fluoride, AuF8

Very unstable

Is incapable of existence not only m pres-
ence of H20 but under the ordinary conditions
met with m the laboratory and in nature
(Lenher, J Am Chem Soc 1903, 25 1138 )

Aunc hydroxide, Au03H8

Nearly insol m most acids Easily sol m
very cone HNOs+Aq (Proust), from which
all Au08H8 is separated by dilution (Fremy)
Extremely si sol m fuming HNO8 Sol m
dil HN03+Aq when pure (Kruss, A 237
281) Not attacked by H3P04 Insol mHF
Sol in HC1, or HBr+Aq (Fremy)

Sol inH2Se04-fAq (Mitscherlich )

SI sol m cone H2S04, somewhat sol in
HC2H203+Aq (Rose)

Nearly insol m cold KOH-f-Aq, but dis-
solved on boiling Insol in NH4OH-{-Aq or
alkali carbonates + Aq (Rose) SI sol m
boiling CaCl2+Aq, NaCl+Aq, BaCl2+Aq
(Pelletier) Sol m NH4CN, and KCN+Aq
(Himly)

SI sol m KC1, or NaCl+Aq (Pelletier )

Sol in K4Fe(CN)6+Aq at ord temp
rapidly on boiling (Beutel, Z anorg 1912,
78 154)

AuO, OH - Au203, H20 (Kruss )

Auroaunc hydroxide, AusO2(OH)2=3Au2O2

+2H20

Insol m boiling cone KOH-fAq Decomp
by cone HC1 or HNO3+Aq into Au and
Au^Os, which dissolves (Schottlander, A
217 336)

Aurous iodide, Aul

Insol m cold, decomp by hot H20, H2SO4,
HC1, or HN08-hAq, with separation of Au
Decomp immediately by ether, more slowly
by alcohol

GOLD POTASSIUM SULPHIDE

371

Partially sol in KI, FeI8, or HI+Aq
(Pelletier) SI attacked by NH4OH, or
NaCl+Aq at 35° (Fordos) Instantly de-
comp by KOH+Aq

Gold (aunc) iodide, AuI8

Insol in H20 Sol in alkali iodides, and
HI+Aq Decomp on air or by alkalies
(Johnston, Phil Mag J 9 266 )

Aurous iodide ammonia, Aul, NHs
Decomp by H20 or dil acids (Meyer,

C R 1906, 143 281 )
Sol in aqua
Aul, 6NHS

Aurous oxide, Au20

Insol ui H20 or alcohol Decomp by boil-
ing with HCl+Aq into Au and AuCla
H2S04, HN08, or HC2H302+Aq do not
attack Sol in cold aqua regia Sol in HI
+Aq Sol in KOH, or NaOH+Aq when
freshly precipitated (Berzehus )

According to Kruss (A 237 281) all hitherto
prepared Au2O is impure Pure Au20 is sol
in cold H20 when freshly precipitated, from
which hydroxide is precipitated by boiling
Partly sol in HC1. or HBr+Aq Sol in
KOH, or NaOH+Aq when freshly precipi-
tated Not affected by any other acid or
solvent (Kruss )

The so-called solution of Au20 in H2O is
in reality a coloidal suspension (Vamno, B
1905, 38 462 )

Aunc oxide, Au2O3
See Aunc hydroxide

Auroaunc oxide, Au20j

Sol in cold HCl-f-Aq forms insol comp
withHF (Pi at, C R 70 842)

Obtained pure by Kruss (A 237 296 )

Gold phosphide, Au4Pfi

Not attacked by HCl+Aq HN03 forms
HsP04 and leaves undissolved Au (Schrot-
ter, J B 1849 247 )

AuP Decomp on air or with HjO (Ca-
vazzi, Gazz ch it 15 40 )

Au3P4 Rtcidily attacked by aqua regia
orC!2+Aq (Granger, C R 1897, 124 498 )

Gold purple (mixture of Au and SnO2)
Insol in H2O Easily sol in aqua regia
HCl+Aq dissolves all Sn and leaves Au
Boiling HNOs+Aq dissolves a little bn
Insol in boiling KOH+Aq (Berzehus)
KOH+Aq extracts excess of SnOo, and the
residue becomes sol in H2O, from which it is
pptd by NH4Cl+Aq (Figuier, A ch (3)
11 353)

Sol , when still moist, in NH4OH+Aq, but
insol if it has been dried

Obtained in colloidal state in aqueous solu-
tion containing 0 58 g Au and 5 41 g Sn02

in a litre This solution may be concentrated
without coagulation The solution is coagul-
ated by dil HNO3, or HCl+Ao^ more easily
by dil H2SO4+Aq, also by JKCl, HgCl2,
FeS04+Aq, and many other salts Not
coagulated by alcohol, but easily when ether
is added to the alcohol (Schneider, Z anorg
5 80)

Gold (aunc) selemde,

HN08+Aq dissolves out Se Sol m aqua
regia or alkali sulphides + Aq (Uelsmann,
J B 1860 90)

Aurous sulphide, Au2S

Easily sol in H20 when freshly prepared,
bu*t precipitated from aqueous solution by
HC1, KC1, or NaCl+Aq When dried is
insol in H20

Insol in boiling dil or cone HC1, or H2SO4
+Aq Easily sol in aqua regia, HCl+Aq
with KClOs, etc Slowly sol in alkali mono-
sulphides+Aq Easily sol in polysulphides
+Aq

Insol in KOH+Aq Sol in KCN+Aq
(Kruss, B 20 2369 )

Known also in colloidal state in aqueous
solution containing 1 74 g Au2S per 1
(Schneider, B 24 2241)

Aunc sulphide, Au2S3

Insol m H20 and acids except aqua regia,
sol in alkali sulphides, or KOH+Aq (Ber-
zehus )

Does not exist (Kruss, B 22 2369), but
has since been made by Antony and Luchesi
(Qazz cb it 20 601) Insol m HCI, or dll
HNOa+Aq Decomp by cone HNO3,KOH;
or NaOH+Aq with separation of Au SI
decomp by NH4OH+Aq Easily sol in
KCN+Aq, decomp by (NH4)2S+Aq Sol
in cold Na2S or K2S+Aq, decomp on boil-
ing (Antony and Luchesi, Gazz ch it 21,
2 209)

Insol m ether (Hofmann, B 1904, 37
246)

Auroauric sulphide, Au2S2

Insol in HaO or acids except aqua regia
fel sol in cold alkali monosulphides + Aq,
but easily sol on warming Sol in cold
poiysulphides + Aq, but less in ammonium
polysulphide than the other alkali poly-
sulphides

Not attacked by cold, but easily sol in hot
KOH+Aq Sol in KCN+Aq (Hoffmann
and Kruss, B 20 27-04 )

Obtained also in colloidal state m aqueous
solution containing 0 8 g per 1 (Schneider )

Insol m Na2S+Aq sat with S (Ditte,
A ch 1907, (8) 12 273 )

Aurous potassium sulphide, Au2S, 3K2S

(Antony and Lucchesi, Gazz ch it 1896;
26 (2) 350)

372

GOLD SILVER SULPHIDE

Au2S, 4K2S4-12H20 Very sol in H2O
(Ditte, C R 1895, 120 322 )

Gold silver sulphide, Ag8AuS2

Ppt (Lucchesi, Gazz ch it 1896, 26
350-53 )

Atirous sodium sulphide, NaAuS-f-4H20

Sol in H20 and alcohol (Yorke, Chem
Soc Q J 1 236 )

-f 5H20 Sol in H20 (Ditte, C R 1895,
120 321)

Na3AuS2 Sol in H20 (Lucchesi, Gazz
ch it 1896,26 350-53)

Au2S, 2Na2S+20H2O Very sol in H20
(Ditte, C R 1895, 120 321 )

Gold tellunde
Ppt (Berzehus, Pogg 8 178 )

Gold silver tellunde, Au2Te2, Ag2Te

Min Sylvanite Sol ni HN08+Aq with
separation of Au, in aqua regia with separa-
tion of AgCl
3Ag2Te, Au2Te Mm Petzite \

Hartshorn, salts of

See Carbonate carbamate, ammonium hy-
drogen

of absorption for H2O at
(Ramsay, Z phys Ch 1906,

Absorption of helium by H20 at t° and 760
mm pressure

t°

Coefficient of absorption

0
0 5
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50

0 01500
0 01487
0 01460
0 01442
0 01396
0 01386
0 01371
0 01382
0 01380
0 01387
0 01403
0 01404

(Estreicher, Z phys Ch 189Q, 31
Absorption by H2O at t°

184)

t° Coefficient of absorption

0 0 0134
10 0 0100
20 0 0138
30 0 0161
40 0 0191
50 0 0226

(Antropoff, Roy Soc Proc 1910, 83

A 480)

Completely msol m benzene and in alcohol
(Ramsay, Chem Soc 1895, 67 684 )

Hexamine chromium compounds
See Luteochromium compounds

Hexamine cobaltic compounds,

See Dichrocobaluc compounds

Co(NH8)6Xs

See Luteocobaltic compounds

H examine indium chlonde,

See Indo/namiae chlonde

Hexathiomc acid, H2S606

Known only in aqueous solution, which
decomposes rapidly, even in [presence of free
sulphuric acid (Debus, A 244 76 )

Potassium hexathionate, K2S604

Sol in H2O, with rapid decomp Not
obtained in pure state (Debus, A 244 76 )

Holmium, Ho

Hohmum oxide, Ho2O8

(Cleve, C R 89 478, 91 328 )

Consists of at least two elements (Lecoq
de Boisbaudran, C R 102 1005 )

Consists of seven elements (Kruss and
Nilson )

Seszwhydraurylamine, (AuOH)3N, NH8 =

Au3N2+3H2O

Decomp by boiling with H20 (Raschig,
A 235 341)

Hydrazidophosphonc acid

Barium hydrazidophosphate,

OP(N2Hs)02Ba
(Ephraim, B 1911, 44 3420 )

Lead hydrazidophosphate, OP(N2H3)O2Pb
Easily sol in HN03 (Ephraim )

Potassium hydrazidophosphate,

OP(N2H8)(OK)2 (Ephraim )

Sodium hydrazidophosphate,

OP{N2Hs)(ONa)2
Can be cryst from dil alcohol (Ephraim )

Hydrazine, N2H4-NH2— NH2
Very sol in H2O (Curtius, B 20 1632 )
Very hydroscopic. decomp by H2O, solv-

ent for sulphur, KC1, KBr, KN08 (de

Bruyn, R t c 1894, 13 433-40, Chem Soc

1895, 68 (2) 347 )
Mixes in all proportions with alcohols,

si sol in organic solvents (Lobry de Bruyn,

Chem Soc 1897, 72 (2) 22 )

HYDRAZINE HYDROIODJDE

373

Hydrazine amidosulphonate,

N2H4, HS03, NH2

Very sol in H20 (Sabaneieff, Z anorg
1899, 20 22 )

Hydrazine azoimide, N2H4, HN8

Deliquescent Easily sol in H20 SI sol
in alcohol, and can be crystallised therefrom
(Curtius, B 24 2344 )

Hydrazine borate, (N2H4)2(B208)6

Sol in H20 (Dschawachow, C C 1902,
I 1394)

(N2H4)2(H2B407)s Sol in H20 (Dscha-
wachow, C C 1902, 1 1394 )

+5H2O Sol in H2O (Dschawachow,
C C 1902 I 1394)

+10H20 Ppt (Dschawachow, C C
1902 I 1394)

Hydrazine cuprous bromide chloride,

NjHsCl, N2H6 Br, 3CuBr
(Eanfaldi, Real Ac Line 1906 (5) 15, II,
95)

Hydrazine mercuric bromide,
HgBro,2(N2H4,HBr)-j-H20

Very sol mH20, sol m alcohol and acetone
SI sol in acetic ether

Insol in ethyl ether (Ferratmi, C A
1912 1612)

Hydrazine zinc bromide, 2N H4HBr. ZnBr2

+H20

Ver\ sol in H2O, sol in alcohol and acetone
(Ferratim, C A 1912 1612 )

Hydrazine chlorate, NjH4, HC103

Very sol m H2O, si sol m alcohol Insol
in ether, CHC13 and benzol (Saivadori,
Gazz ch it 1907, 37, (2) 32 )

Hydrazine dichlorate, N2H4, 2HC103

Ppt Dccomp in iq solution (Lmicntme,
J Am Chem Soc 1915, 37 1123 )

Hydrazine cupnc chloride, N2H6C1, CuCl2-{-
MH.O

Decomp by H20 (Ranfaldi, Real Ac
Line 1906, (5) 16, II 95 )

+2H20 Decomp by H2O (Ranfaldi )

Hydrazine mercuric chloride, N2H5C1, HgCl2
(Hoffmann and Marburg, A 1899, 305
221)

Hydrazine dithionate, N2H4, H2S2O6
Sol in H20, decomp on standing in aq

solution (Sabanejeff, Z anorg 1899, 20 21 )
2N2H4, H2S206 Sol in HoO (Sabanejeff )

Hydrazine fluosilicate, N2H4, H2SiF6

Easily sol in H20

Difficultly sol in ethyl and methyl alcohol
(Ebler, J pr 1910, (2) 81 552 )

Hydrazine fluotitanate, (N2H4)2, H2TiF8-f
2H20

Ppt Sol in H20 (Ebler, J p r 1910, (2)
81 555)

Hydrazine won0hydrobromide, N2H4, HBr

Very easily sol in H20 or hot alcohol
(Curtms and Schultz, J pr (2)42 537)

Hydrazine d£hydrobromide, N2H4, 2HBr

Easily sol in H20 SI sol m alcohol
(Curtius and Schulz, J pr (2) 42 535 )

Hydrazine mowohydrochlonde, N2H4, HC1
Extremely sol in H2O SI sol in boiling
absolute alcohol (Curtius and Jay, J pr
(2) 39 38 )

Hydrazine <fthydrochloride, N2H4, 2HC1
Easily sol in cold H20, si sol in hot

alcohol (Curtius, I c )

Sol m 2 67 pts H20 at 23° Sp gr of sat

solution at 20°/4° = 1 4226 (Schiff, Z phys

Ch 1896, 21 292 )

Hydrazine carbonate
Very deliquescent, but only si sol in H2O
SI sol in alcohol (Curtius and Jay, J
pr 1889, (2) 39 41 )

Hydrazine zinc carbonate hydrazine,

Zn(CO , NH, NH2)2, 2N H4
Easily sol m H2O (Lbler and Schott, J
pr 1909, (2) 79, 72 )

Sp gr of aqueous solution at 20°

% sail

Sp gr

25
20
15
10
5

1 1183
1 0923
1 0675
1 0436
1 0206

(Schiff, Z phys Ch 1890, 21 292 )

Ncaily insol in hot abbolutc alcohol
(Cuitius and Jay, J pr (2) 39 37 )

Hydrazine dzhydrofluonde, NJi^ 2HF

Easily sol in H20 Nearly insol in alcohol
(Curtius and Schulz, J pr (2) 42 533 )

Hydrazine monohydroiodide, N^H4, HI
Easily sol in H20 (Curtius and Schulz )

Hydrazine dzhydroiodide, N2H4, 2HI

(Very deliquescent Easily sol m H2O SI
sol in alcohol (Curtius and Schulz, J pr
(2) 42 536 )

374

HYDRAZINE mDROIODIDE

Tnhydrazine dihydroiodide, 3N2H4, 2HI

Easily sol in H2O and alcohol (Curtius
and Schulz, J pr (2) 42 540 )

Hydrazine hydroxide, N2H4, H20

Miscible with H20 or alcohol, but not with
ether, chloroform, or benzene (Curtms and
Schulz, J pr (2) 42 530 )

Hydrazine hypophosphate, N2H4,

SI sol m H20 1 5 pts dissolve in 100
pts H20 (Sabaneieff, 1 anorg 1898, 17
490)

Hydrazine hyppphosphate ammonia,

N2H4, H^aOe, NH3

Sol in H20 (Sabanejeff, Z anorg 1899,
20 23)

)p*»

Hydrazine merctunc iodide,
2N2H6I, HgI2+H20

Very sol in H20, alcohol, acetone, acetic
ether

Insol in ether Excess of H20 decomp
(Ferratini, Gazz ch it 1912, 42 (1), 172 )

Hydrazine zinc iodide,

ZnI2, 2N2H4, EI+JiE20
Very sol in H/) , sol in alcohol and acetone
(Ferratini, C A 1912 1612 )

Hydrazine nitrate, N2E4, HN08

Very sol in H20, si sol m abs alcohol
(Sabanejeff, Z anorg 1899, 20 24 )

Solubility in H20 at t°

t°

% N2H4 HC1O4

Sp gr

18
35

41 72
66 9

1 264
1 391

t°

g N2H4 HNOs per 100 g

Sat solution

HZO

10

63 63

174 9

15

68 47

217 2

20

72 70

266 3

25

76 61

327 5

30

80 09

402 2

35

83 06

490 3

40

85 86

607 2

45

88 06

737 6

50

91 18

1034

55

93 5S

1458

60

95 51

2127

(Sommer, Z anorg 1914, 86 85 )

N2H4,2ENOS Very unstable

Sol ni H2O but solution cannot be con-
centrated beyond 30% without decomp

Decomp by abs alcohol

Very sol in hydrazme hydr oxide +Aq
(Sabanejeff, Z anorg 1898, 20 25 )

Hydrazine nitrite, N2H4, HN02

Very sol m H2O Pptd by ether from solu-
tion m alcohol, insol in ether

Very hydroscopic (Sommer, Z anorg
1913,83 125)

Hydrazine perchlorate, N2H4, HC104-{-2H/)
Sol m 1 48 pts H20 at 30° and 34 pts
alcohol, crystallizes from boiling absolute
alcohol (Salvador!, Ch Z 31 680 )

+3H20

Solubility in H20 at t°

f Carlson, Dissert 1910 )

Hydrazine cfaperchlorate, N2H4, 2HC104+
2H20

Efflorescent
Deliquescent

102 pts salt sol in 100 pts H2O at 29°
2 8 pts salt sol m 100 pts alcohol
1 0 pt " " " 100 " ether
(Turrentine, J Am Chem Soc 1915, 37
1123)

Hydrazine phosphate, N2H4, H3P04

Verv sol m H20 (Sabanejeff. Z anorg

1898, 17 488 )
N2H4, 2H3P04 Sol in H20 (Sabanejeff )

Hydrazine phosphite, N2H4, HsPOs

Sol uiH20 (Sabanejeff, Z anorg 1898,17
468)

Hydxazine hydrogen phosphite,

NJS4, 2H3P03

Less sol in H20 than the normal salt
(SabanejefT )

Hydrazine selenate, N2H4, H2Se04

Sol in H2O with decomp (Rimim. C C
1907,1 86)

Hydrazine zinc selenate,

(N2H6)2Se04, ZnSe04

SI sol in H2O but more sol than Cu salt
(Rimini and Malagmm, Gazz ch it 1907,
37 (1), 265 )

Hydrazine sulphocyamde, N2H4j HSCN

Very deliquescent Sol m H20 and alcohol
(Curtius and Herdenreich, J pr 1895, [2] 52
488)

Hydrazine sulphate, N2&4, H2SO4
Sol with difficulty m cold, easily in hot

H2O Insol m alcohol (Curtius, I c )
100 pts H2O dissolve 3 055 pts salt at 22°

(Curtius and Jay, J pr (2) 39 39 )
2N2H4, H2S04 Very deliquescent, and

HYDROGEN

375

sol in H20 Insol in alcohol (Curtius, J
pr (2)44 101)

Hydrazine sulphite,

(Sabanejeff, Z anorg 1899, 20, 24 )

Hydrazine p^rosulphite, 2N2H4,

Sol in H20 with decomp , insol ui alcohol
(Sabanejeff, Z anorg 1899, 20 23 )

Hydrazine thiosulphate, (N2H4)2 H2S2Os

Ppt (Not pure) (Ferratim, Gazz ch
it 1912, 42 (1) 138 )

Hvdrazine lead thiosulphate,
PbS203, 2(N,E4) JS&Oa

Insol in H20 and alcohol

Sol in HCl+Aq and in HNO8H-Aq
(Ferratim, C A 1912 1612 )

Hydrazine silver thiosulphate,
Ag2S208, (N2H4)2H2S20S
Insol in H20, sol m NH4OH-{-Aq and ni
HN03 (Ferratim )

Hydrazine sulphimc acid

Barium hydrazine cfesulphinate,

Ba2N2(S02)2

Insol in H20, sol m acids (Ephraim,
B 1911,44 390)

Hydrazmesulphomc acid, N2H3S02OH

Sol m about 24 pts H20 at ord temp De-
comp by mmei U uids, nearly msol in
alcohol and other organic solvents (Traube,
B 1914, 47 941 )

Ammonium hydrazmesulphonate,
(NjH,SO,)NH4
Deliquescent, decomp by acids (Iraube)

Banum hydrazmesulphonate,

(N2HsS03),Ba+2II2O
Sol m H20, pptd by alcohol, decomp by
acids ifiaubc)

Calcium hydrazmesulphonate,

(NiH8S08)«Ci+H20

Sol in II O I)c(omp by inds Insol in
alcohol ( li mix )

Potassium hydrazmesulphonate, N2HsS08K
Decomp by acids (Iraube )

Silver hydrazmesulphonate, N2H3SO8Ag

(Traube )

Sodium hydrazmesulphonate,

N2H3S08Na+H20
Decomp by acids (Traube )

Strontium hydrazmesulphonate,

(N2H8S08)2Sr+2H2O

Sol m H2O Decomp by acids Insol in
alcohol (Traube )

Hydnodic acid, HI
See lodhydnc acid

Hydrobromic acid, HBr
See Bromhydnc acid

Hydrochloric acid, HC1
See Chlorhydnc acid

Hydrofluorboric acid, HBF4
See Fluoborhydnc acid

Hydrofluonc acid, HF
See Fluorhydnc acid

Hydrogen, H2

SI absorbed by H20

Sol in 150 pts H2O 1 vol H2O absorbs 0 016 vol H
Recently boiled HaO absorbs 1 53% H (Henry 1803 )

100 vols HaO at 18° absorb 4 6 vols H (de Saussure
1814)

1 vol H20 absorbs 0 0193 vol H at 760 mm
and all temperatures between 0° and 23 6°
(Bunsen )

Later work does not confirm the above state-
ment

Absorption of H by H2O at t and 760 mm
/3= coefficient of absorption, /?i = " solu-
bility" (see under Oxygen)

t°

ft

0i

0

0 02153

0 02140

1

0 02134

0 02120

2

0 02115

0 02100

3

0 02097

0 02081

4

0 02079

0 02062

5

0 02061

0 02043

6

0 02044

0 02025

7

0 02027

0 02207

8

0 02010

0 01989

9

0 01994

0 01971

10

0 01978

0 01954

11

0 01962

0 01937

12

0 01947

0 01920

13

0 01932

0 01904

14

0 01918

0 01888

15

0 01903

0 01872

16

0 01889

0 01856

17

0 01876

0 01840

18

0 01863

0 01825

19

0 01850

0 01810

20

0 01837

0 01795

21

0 01825

0 01781

22

0 01813

0 01767

23

0 01802

0 01753

24

0 01791

0 01739

25

0 01780

0 01725

26

0 01770

0 01712

(Timofejeff, Z phys Ch 6 147 )

376

HYDROGEN

Absorption of H by H20 at t° and 760 mm
£= coefficient of absorption

Absorption of hydrogen by H20 at t° and 760
mm pressure — Conformed

t°

&

t°

0

t°

£

t°

0

fr

0

0 0203

16

0 0182

32

0 0161

36

0 01661

0 01564

1

0 0202

17

0 0180

33

0 0160

37

0 01657

„ 0 01554

2

0 0200

18

0 0179

34

0 0159

38

0 01652

0 01544

3

0 0199

19

0 0178

35

0 0157

39

0 01648

0 01535

4

0 0198

20

0 0177

36

0 0156

40

0 01644

0 01525

5

0 0196

21

0 0175

37

0 0155

41

0 01640

0 01515

6

0 0195

22

0 0174

38

0 0154

42

0 01635

0 01504

7

0 0194

23

0 0172

39

0 0153

43

0 01631

0 01493

8

0 0192

24

0 0171

40

0 0152

44

0 01627

0 01482

9

0 0191

25

0 0170

45

0 0149

45

0 01624

0 01475

10

0 0190

26

0 0168

50

0 0146

46

0 01620

0 01460

11

0 0189

27

0 0167

60

0 0144

47

0 01617

0 01449

12

0 0187

28

0 0166

70

0 0146

48

0 01614

0 01437

13

0 0186

29

0 0164

80

0 0149

49

0 01611

0 01425

14

0 0184

30

0 0163

90

0 0155

50

0 01608

0 01413

15

0 0183

31

0 0162

100

0 0166

52

0 01606

0 01392

54.

OnifiAK

OftlQAO

(Bohr and Bock, W Ann 44 318 )

Otfc

56

UJLDUO

0 01603

uiooy
0 01343

Absorption of hydrogen by H20 at t° and 760
mm pressure /8= coefficient of absorp-
tion 0i = "solubility" (see under Oxy-

58
60
62
64

0 01602
0 01600
0 01600
0 01600

0 01316
0 01287
0 01256
0 01223

gen)

66

0 01600

0 01188

t°

J8

ft

68

0 01600

0 01150

70

0 01600

0 01109

0

0 02148

0 02135

79

0 01600

0 01065

1

0 02126

0 02112

74

0 01660

0 01017

2

0 02105

0 02090

76

0 01600

0 00966

3

0 02084

0 02068

78

0 01600

0 00912

4

0 02064

0 02047

80

0 01600

0 00853

5

0 02044

0 02026

82

0 01600

0 00790

6

0 02025

0 02006

84

0 01600

0 00723

7

0 02007

0 01987

86

0 01600

0 00652

8

0 01989

0 01968

88

0 01600

0 00575

9

0 01972

0 01950

90

0 01600

0 00494

10

0 01955

0 01932

92

0 01600

0 00407

11

0 01940

0 01915

94

0 01600

0 00315

12

0 01925

0 01899

96

0 01600

0 00216

13

0 01911

0 01883

98

0 01600

0 00111

14

0 01897

0 01867

100

0 01600

0 0000

t c?

Ori-ic

5OO

01

"noKi

J.O

16
17

UAoOO

0 01869
0 01856

VJLOUJL

0 01836
0 01821

(Wmkler, B 24 99 )

18

0 01844

0 01706

19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
2Q

0 01831
0* 01819
0 01805
0 01792
0 01779
0 01766
0 01754
0 01742
0 01731
0 01720
0 01709

0 01792
0 01777
0 01761
0 01746
0 01730
0 01715
0 01700
0 01685
0 01670
0 01656
0 01642

Critical t, — 232° (Natanson, Z phys
Ch 1895, 17 43-48 )
Coefficient of absorption for H2O = 0 01750
at 25°, 001905 at 20°, 002059 at 15°,
0 02213 at 10°, 0 02366 at 5° (Braun, Z
phys Ch 1900,33 734)
Solubility in H20 it 25° = 0 01926 (Geff-
cken, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 267 )
Coefficient of absorption for H20 =0 01810
at 20 11 ° (Hufner, Z phys Ch 1907, 57

30
31
32

0 01699
0 01692
0 01685

0 01630
0 01618
0 01606

623 )
Solubility in H20 at 25° = 001962
(Drucker and Moles, Z phys Ch 1910, 76

33
34
35

0 01679
0 01672
0 01666

0 01596
0 01585
0 01574

417 )
Coefficient of absorption for H20 at 15° =
0 01892, at 20°= 0 01829 (Muller, Z phys»
Ch 1912,81 493)

HYDROGEN

377

Solubility of hydrogen in water at 25°
S== Solubility calculated according to for-
mula, for which see original article
P= Pressure

Absorption of H2 by HCl+Aq

M

S25°

0 426
0 432
1 063
1 602
1 802
1 928
2 338
2 438
2 836

0 01875
0 01868
0 01789
0 01732
0 01699
0 01688
0 01652
0 01627
0 01606

p

S

p

S

756
757
850
877
986
992

0 0199
0 0198
0 0200
0 0193
0 0194
0 0198

1095
1097
1244
1252
1380
1393

0 0195
0 0197
0 0202
0 0196
0 0196
0 0198

(Findla

Absorpti
P-Hjg

Table I
32 32 ccm

iy, Chem Soc 1912, 101 1465 )

on by E^O at different pressures
pressure in metres
icient of solubility
Volume of the absorbing liquid =

(Geffc
Absorption of H2

ken)

by " n ~l~Aq

M

S2o°

T — 195°

0 527
0 562
0 985
1 122
1 866
1 905
2 605
3 045
3 174
3 962
3 989

0 01869
0 01838
0 01780
0 01768
0 01642
0 01632
0 01575
0 01496
0 01456
0 01422
0 01402

p

X

P

X

0 9010
0 9967
1 0809
1 2133
1 3711
1 5448
1 8002
2 5208
2 9971

0 01798
0 01796
0 01799
0 01800
0 01794
0 01791
0 01793
0 01793
0 01795

3 3926
4 1405
4 6629
5 4705
5 9580
6 6507
7 4548
7 8783
8 2439

0 01789
0 01776
0 01761
0 01748
0 01725
0 01706
0 01674
0 01652
0 01632

(Geffcken )
Solubility of H2 in H2S04+Aq at 20°

Table II Volume of the absorbing liquid =
32 007 ccm T=23°

% H2S04

X20°

p

X

P

X

0
35 82
61 62
95 6

0 0208
0 00954
0 00708
0 01097

1 1154
1 3758
1 7416
2 1712
2 8724
3 4115
4 0229

0 01736
0 01739
0 01733
0 01731
0 01734
0 01732
0 01728

4 6220
5 1130
5 9702
7 1920
7 4493
7 8696
8 1913

0 01716
0 01702
0 01687
0 01649
0 01631
0 01618
0 01603

(Chnstoff, Z phys Ch 1906, 55 627 )

Solubility of H2 in colloid il ferric hydroxide
solution is practicall> the s unt ab itb solubility
in pine H/)
bolubihty of H2 in a solution containing
18 11 R Fc (OH)3 pci liter \t 25° = 0 30S5
Solubility of H in a solution containing
18 309 g Pe (OH) 3 pel litci it 25° = 0 30S3
(Geffcken, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 299 )

Absorption of H2 by bases -hAq
M = content in gram-equivalents per liter
S = solubility (See under Oxygen )
Absorption of H2 by KOH-fAq

(Cassuto, Phys Zeit 1904, 5 235 )

Absorption of H2 by acids +Aq
M = content in gram-equivalents per liter
S = solubility (bee under Oxygen )
Absorption of H2 by HNO3-fAq

M

S 2 >

0 741
0 753
1 22
1 45
2 09
2 96
3 18
3 22
4 13
4 23

0 01851
0 01868
0 01812
0 01782
0 01739
0 01690
0 01667
0 01633
0 01611
0 01589

M

b25°

0 536
0 715
1 059
1 056
1 480

0 01658
0 01539
0 01378
0 01389
0 01195

(Geffcken, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 267 )

(Geffcken, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 267 )

378

HYDROGEN

Absorption of H2 by NaOH+Aq

Absorption by salts +Aq

M - S25°

Salt

ti°

^
ftft

£+

%

salt

t°«

Jfn

Absorption
coefficient
at 15°
(Calculated)

0 543 0 01632
0 571 0 01608
0 692 0 01442
0 Q74 0 01409
1 059 0 01372
1 137 0 01348
1 850 0 01018
3 400 0 00648
3 430 0 00639
4 687 0 00483

KCI

15°

1 1565
1 1294
1 0794
1 0480
1 0240

22 92
19 21
12 13
7 48
3 83

18 62
18 82
18 71
19 00
19 23

0 00869
0 00985
0 01246
0 01447
0 01618

0 00892
0 01012
0 01279
0 01489
0 01667

KNOa

15°

1 1460
1 1101
1 0936
1 0539
1 0295

21 46
16 59
14 26
8 44
4 73

17
17 '
16
17 58
17 82

0 01531
0 01650

0 01559
0 01683

(Geffcken )
Solubility of H2 in salts -f Aq at 15°

Salt

- % Salt

Coefficient of
absorption

KaCOa

15°

1 4395
1 3112
1 2353
1 1555
1 0807
1 0405
1 0248

41 81
30 99
24 13
16 47
8 S3
4 53
2 82

13 17
12 77
12 62
12 51
11 32
12 29
11 23

0 00162
0 00290
0 00470
0 00775
0 01216
0 01532
0 01675

0 00160
0 00285
0 00462
0 00761
0 01183
0 01501
0 01628

H2O

0 00

0 01883

CaCl;

3 47
6 10
11 33
17 52
26 34

0 01619
0 01450
0 01138
0 00839
0 00519

NaCl

15°

1 1817
I 1088
1 0807
1 0315

23 84
14 78
11 09
4 47

13 48
13 17
13 80
13 56

0 00602
0 00938
0 01140
0 01565

0 00595
0 00925
0 1130
0 01548

NaNOs

18°

1 2963
1 2099
1 1417
1 0765
1 0367

37 43
27 95
19 77
11 16
5 57

17 "
17
17
17
17

MgS04

4 94
10 19
23 76

0 01501
0 01159
0 00499

NaaCOa

15°

1 0217

2 15

—
11 94

0 01677

0 01639

~ Licr "

3 48
7 34
14 63

0 01619
0 01370
0 0099

Na2SO4

18°
15°

1 1608
1 0768
1 0412

16 69
8 42
4 58

18 41
18 57
18 51

0 00757
0 01223
0 01482

0 00775
0 01254
0 01519

K2COs

2 82

8 83
16 47
24 13
41 81

0 01628
0 01183
0 00761
0 00462
0 00160

LiCl

15°

1 0843
1 0416
1 0192

14 63
7 34
3 48

12 77
12 40
10 47

0 01006
0 01396
0 01676

0 00990
0 01370
0 01619

MgSO4

15°

1 2679
1 1805
1 1064
1 0503

23 76
16 64
10 19
4 97

18 26
17 55
17 30
17 10

0 00487
0 00783
0 01140
0 01479

0 00499
0 00797
0 01159
0 01501

" KCI

3 83
7 48
12 13
19 21
22 92

0 01667
0 01489
0 01279
0 01012
0 00892

ZnSO*

18°

1 1394
1 0602

12 73
6 03

17 95
17 79

0 01151
0 01495

0 01175
0 01525

KN03

4 73
8 44
16 59
21 46

0 01683
0 01559
0 01311
0 01180

CaCI2

15°

1 2470
1 2150
1 1568

1 0285

26 34
23 33
17 52

3 47

17 68
17 84
18 00

18 52

0 00510
0 00600
0 00821

0 01579

0 00,19
0 00619
0 00839

i
0 01619

NaNO,

5 57
11 16
19 77
37 43

0 01603
0 01370
0 01052
0 00578

AlCls

15°

1 2647
1 1589
1 0914
1 0488

32 30

20 75
12 40
6 88

17 14
17 28
17 30
17 40

0 00525
0 00800
0 01190
0 01460

0 00533
0 00874
0 01210
0 01486

Na2CO3

2 15
8 64
11 53

0 01639
0 013S5
0 00839

CuHwOn

17 5°

f. _
>
( -

1 ~

>

— -i

(Stemer, W Ann 1894 (2), 52 291 )

Na2SO4

4 58
8 42
16 69

0 01519
0 0154
0 00775

(Gordon, Z phys Ch 1895, 18 14 )

HYDROGEN

379

Solubility in salt solutions
C= concentration of the solution in terms
of normal

a = coefficient of absorption
Absorption of hydrogen by '
at 20°

p

C

a

1 037
2 167
3 378
4 823
6 773
11 550

0 1308
0 2765
0 4363
0 6333
0 9069
1 6308

0 01872
0 01845
0 01823
0 01773
0 01744
0 01647

(Knopp, Z phys Ch 1904, 48 103 >
Absorption of hydrogen by KN08-f Aq at 20°

1 244

2 094

4 010

5 925
7 742

13 510

0 1245
0 2114
0 4127
0 6225

0 8293

1 5436

0 01835
0 01818
0 01785
0 01743
0 01667
0 01436

(Knopp )

Absorption of hydrogen by NaN03+Aq
at 20°

Absorption of H by BaCl2+Aq
at0 = coefficient of absorption at t°

Percent of

BaCla m

the solution

7 002
6 453
3 600
3 291

a 25°

a20°

a!5°

0 01455 0 01591 0 01715 0 01833 0 01937
0 01474 0 01605 0 01734 0 01857 0 01957
0 01562 0 01700 0 01839 0 01971 0 02089
0 01570 0 01719 0 01847 0 01983 0 02110

alQ°

(Braun )

vol alcohol at t° and 760 mm absorbs V
vols H gas reduced to 0° and 760 mm

0 06925
0 06910
0 06896
0 06881
0 06867
0 06853
0 06839
0 06826
0 06813

0 06799
0 06787
0 06774
0 06761
0 06749
0 06737
0 06725
0 06713
0 06701

t°

0 06690
0 06679
0 06668
0 06657
0 06646
0 06636
0 06621

(Bunsen's Gasometry, p 286 )

absorbs 0 06925—
vols H at t°

One vol alcohol
0 000148t + 0 OOOOOlta
(Bunsen )

Solubility in alcohol +4q at 20° and 760 mm

1 041

2 192
4 405
6 702

12 637

0 1236
0 2634
0 5416

0 8442

1 7394

0 01839
0 01774
0 01694
0 01518
0 01300

wt %

alcohol

(Knopp )
Absorption of hydrogen by KCl-f Aq at 20*

0

9 09
16 67
23 OS

Vol H2
absorbed

1 93
1 43
1 29
1 17

wt %

alrohol

28 57
33 33
50
66 67

Vol H2
absorbed

1 04

1 17

2 02
2 55

C

(I ubarsch, W Ann 1889, (2) 37 525 )
Absorption of hydrogen by alcohol

1 089

2 123
4 070

6 375

7 380
13 612

0 1475
0 2007
0 5687

0 9127

1 OG82

2 1222

0 01823
0 01757
0 01661
0 01531
0 01472
0 01255

(Knopp )

Absorption of H by N iCl+Aq
at° = GO<fnci(nt of ibsorption it t°

Percent of

NaCl in

the solution

5 999
5 50h
4 496
3 798
1 523
1 250

o 01 i8i o 01 ,28 o rm>«) o 01740 o

0 OH95 0 015-J2 0 01(i(>, 0 017t>9 0
0 01420 0 01 ,87 0 01714 0 01817 0
0 014760 01(>23 0 017000
0 01W33 0 01754
0 01621 0 01771

o

0 01914 0

alO

01020
01977

018060 020300 02155
0 02180

01876 0

02030

2052

018 iO

- (Braun, Z phvs Ch 1900, 33 735 )

0
6 2

Cocff oi
absorption

0 0676
0 0693

13 4

18 8

Coeff of
absorption

0 0705
0 0740

(rimofejeff )
Solubility of H2 in ethyl ether at t°

0

5

10

15

Solubility

0 1115
0 1150
0 1195
0 1257

(Chnstoff, Z phys Ch 1912, 79 459 )

Coefficient of absorption in petroleum =
0 0582 at 20°, and 0 0652 at 10° (Gnewasz
and Walfisz, Z phys Ch 1 70 )

380

HYDROGEN

Absorption of hydrogen by chloralhydrate-
Aq at 20°

Absorption of H2 by glycerine 4- Aq
t°=temp of the solution
P = % glycerine in the solution
j3t°= coefficient of absorption at t°
j915°= coefficient of absorption at 15°

P

C

a

4 911
7 69
14 56
18 77
29 50
32 00
38 42
49 79
60 12
63 90

0 310
0 504
1 030
1 397
2 530
2 845
3 770
6 000
9 120
10 700

0 01839
0 01802
0 01712
0 01653
0 01542
0 01518
0 01440
0 01353
0 01324
0 01307

t°

P

/3t°

£15°

14 5
13 0
13 8
14 5
13 7
14 9
12 3
18 0

14 9
22 8
38 0
43 5
49 15
51 5
68 0
90 7

0 01654
0 01532
0 01226
0 01117
0 01019
0 01026
0 00822
0 00853

0 01647
0 01510
0 01216
0 OHIO
0 01010
0 01025
0 00806
0 00870

(Knopp, Z phys Ch 1904, 48 103 )

Absorption of Ha by chloralhydrate+Aq
t°=temp of the solution
P=* % chloralhydrate in the solution
|3t0= coefficient of absorption at t°
j815°« coefficient of absorption at 15°

t°

15 0

16 4
15 8
15 0

15 6

16 2
15 5
15 0

19 4

17 4

18 7

16 5

17 0
17 2

17 9

18 3

10 0
16 1
33 35

39 4
51 0
60 8
70 7
79 0

15 5

28 3
46 56
52 0
63 0
66 0
68 0
78 4

0 01740
0 01719
0 01475
0 01470
0 01300
0 01281
0 01282
0 01320

0 01732
0 01569
0 01388
0 01314
0 01270
0 01285
0 01286
0 01398

j9l5°

0 01740
0 01737
0 01484
0 01470
0 01306
0 01230
0 01287
0 01320

0 01724
0 01540
0 01375
0 01280
0 01243
0 01260
0 01270
0 01380

(Muller, Z phys Ch 1912, 81 499 )
Solubility of H2 in glycerol-f Aq

14

21

% glycerol

0

2 29

5 32

8 57

10 83

15 31

0
2 29

5 68

6 46
10 40
18 20

Coefficient of
absorption

0 0193
0 0189
0 018b
0 0182
0 01815
0 01765

0 0184
0 0181
0 0177
0 0176
0 0171
0 0160

(Henkel,m Landolt-Bbrnstem, lab 4th Ed
602)

(Muller, 1 phys Ch 1912, 81 496 )

Solubility of H2 in glycerine -f-Aq at 25°
Gr = %bywt glycerine in the solvent
S= Solubility of H2

P= corrected pressure at end of experi-
ment in mm Hg at 0°

716
736
684
709
730
672
741
708
665
662
741 8

4 0
10 5
22 0

49 8

50 5
52 6
67 0
80 0
82 0
88 0
95 0

0 0186
0 0178
0 0154
0 0099
0 0097
0 0090
0 0067
0 0051
0 0051
0 0044
0 0034

Drucker and Moles, Z phys 1910, 75 417 )

Absorption of H2 by glucose +Aq
t =temp of the solution
P = % glucose in the solution
£t° = coefficient of absorption at t°
£20° = coefficient of absorption at 20°

20 5

20 5

21 1
21 8
21 2

12 2
20 7
32 56
45 8
59 0

0 01595
0 01445
0 01243
0 01000
0 00775

£20

0 01600
0 01450
0 01250
0 01015
0 007SO

(Muller, Z phys Ch 1912, 81 494 )

Solubility in sugar -f-Aq at 15°

% Sugar

16 67
30 08
47 65

Absorption Coefficient

0 01561
0 01284
0 00892

(Gordon, Z phys Ch 1895, 18 14 )

HYDROGEN OXIDE

381

Absorption of H2 by sucrose +Aq
t = temp of the solution in the absorption
vessel

P = % sucrose in the solution
0t° = coefficient of absorption at t°
015°= coefficient of absorption at 15°

t°

P

ft*

015°

12 7
19 3

0 01862
0 01840

0 01892
/320°=
0 01829

15 2
11 6
12
12 7
11 8
13 3
12 6

5 04
14 7
20 26
29 86
31 74
39 65
42 94

0 01723
0 01547
0 01500
0 01290
0 01220
0 01047
0 00956

0 01726
0 01510
0 01462
0 01257
0 01185
0 01033
0 00939

(MuUer)

Absorption of H2 by propiomc acid+Aq
«t° = coefficient of absorption at t°

Percent of
propiomo

acid in
the solution

9 910
9 763
6 500
5 267

et25°

0 01602

a20°

al5°

0 01782 0 01908 0 02029 0 02129

0 01638 0 01788 0 01929 0 02042 0 02120

a5°

3 373
2 634

0 01706
0 01722

0 01866
0 0187b

0 01987
0 2003

0 02120
0 02142

0 02221
0 02245

(Braun, Z phys Ch 1900, 33 735 )

Absorption of H by organic auds-J-Aq
M = content in gram-equivalents per liter
S= solubility
Absorption of H2 by CII3COOH+Aq

0 517
0 52S

160
20

1 905

1 980
3 178

3 220

4 157

S.2,

0 01925
0 01923
0 01903
0 01895
0 01885
0 01882
0 01862
0 01858
0 01849

(Geffcken, Z phys Ch 1904 49 267 )
Absorption of H2 by CH2ClCOOH+Aq

M

0 527

0 990

1 773

S25

0 01905
0 01852
0 01783

Absorption of H by organic substances 4-
\q at t°

V = absorbed volume reduced to 0° and
760mm

a = coefficient of absorption

Substance

Glucose

Glucose

Glucose

Urea

Acetaimde

Alamne

Glycocoll

Grams
ml

liter

174

80 8

41 45

60

59

89

75

Vol of

solution

used in

ccm

409 94

t°

20 28°
20 16°
20 00°
20 17°
20 11°
20 08
20 16°

V
ccm

5 48

6 12
6 36
6 26
6 51
5 57
5 67

(Hufner, Z phys Ch 1907, 57 623-4 )
Solubility in organic solvents

Solvent

Glycerine

Water

Aniline

Amyl alcohol

Nitrobenzene

Carbon bisulphide

Glacial acetic

Benzene

Acetone

Amyl acetate

Xylene

Ethyl acetate

Toluene

Ethyl alcohol

(99 8%)
Methyl alcohol
Isobutyl acetate
Chloroform
Carbon tetra

chloride

Solubility at
2o°C

Not

measurable
0 01992
0 02849
0 03708
0 03708
0 03753
0 06330
0 07560
0 07641
0 07738
0 08185
0 08516
0 08742
0 08935

0 09449
0 09758

no constant
value

Solu

bihty at

20° O

0 02000
0 03033
0 03533
0 03533
0 03358
0 06172
0 07071
0 07027
0 07432
0 07834
0 07877
0 08384
0 08620

0 09016
0 09287

ds
at

) 000016
— 0 000368
+0 OOOSo
-0 OOOSo
--0 00079
-0 000316
--0 000978
--0 001228
--0 00061
--0 000702
--0 00127S
+0 000716
-1-0 00063

+0 000866
+0 000942

(Just, Z phys Ch 1901, 37 359 )

Extended investigations have been made
by Fmdlay and Shen (Chem Soc 1912,
101 1465) on the effect of colloids on solu-
bility of H2 m H20 See original article

Hydrogen arsenide
See Arsenic hydride

(Geffcken )

Hydrogen peroxide,

Miscible with H2O Not stable in cone
solution Aqueous solution gives up its H2(>2
to ether Ethereal solution is more stable
than an aqueous solution of the same strength,
and may be distilled without decomp Mis-
cible with alcohol

Very stable m aq solution of various
cone if perfectly free from impurity such as
compds of heavy metals, etc (Woffenstem,
B 1894, 27 3307 )

Coefficient of distribution between ether
and H20 determined at 3°, 7°, and 175°
with varying quantities (1 7—5%) of H202
(Osipoff , C C 1903, II 1265 )

As sol m ether as m H20 A 50% solution
in H20 still contained about 25% H2Oo after

382

HYDROGEN PHOSPHIDE,

being shaken 6 times with large quantities of
fresh ether

Insol in petroleum ether (Bruhl, B 1895,
28 2855 )

+H20, and +2H2O Does not solidify at
-20° (Wolffenstem, B 1894, 27 3311)

Hydrogen phosphide, gaseous (Phosphme),
PH3

Very slightly absorbed by H20

Statements as to solubility in H20 vary
considerably

(a) Difficultly inflammable gas —

1 vol H20 absorbs 0 1122 vol PH8 (Dyb-
kowsky, J B 1866 735 )

1 vol H20 absorbs 0 125 vol PH3 (H
Davv)

(b) Easily inflammable gas —

1 vol H/) absorbs 0 018 vol EH* (Gen-
gembre, Crell Ann 1 450 )

1 vol H20 absorbs 0 0214 vol PH8
(Henry)

1 vol H20 absorbs 0 025 vol PHS (Davy )

1 vol H20 absorbs 0 125 vol PH8 (Dai-
ton, Ann Phil 11 7)

1 vol H20 absorbs 0 255 Vol PH8 (Ray-
mond, Scher J 5 389 )

1 vol H2O dissolves 026 vols PH8 at
17° (Stock, Bottger and Lenger, B 1909,
42 2855)

Sol in cone H2SO* without immediate
decomp (Buff, Pogg 16 363 )

1 vol 50% H2S04 dissolves 0 05 vol PH8
(S B and L )

Absorbed by CuS04-f Aq and by Br
(Berthelot )

Absorbed rapidly by Cu2Cl2-f-Aq with
formation of Cu2Cl2, 2PHS, and Cu2Cl2,
4PH3 (Riban, C R 88 581 )

1 vol alcohol of 0 85 sp gr absorbs 0 5 vol ,
1 vol ether absorbs 2 vols (Graham )

Sol in volatile oils, 1 vol oil of turpentine
absorbs 3 25 vols (Graham )

Several varieties of blood absorb PH?

Hydrogen phosphide, liquid, P H4

Insol m H2O Apparently sol in alcohol
and oil of turpentine, but solution is very
quickly decomp (ThSnard, A ch (3) 145 )

Hydrogen phosphide, solid, P4H

Insol in H20 and alcohol (Leverner, A
ch 60 174)

Insol in all liquids except liquid PH2
(Thenard, A ch (3) 14 5 )

Instantly decomp by HNO3, or H SO4-|-
Aq Sol with decomp in alcoholic solution of
KOH (Th6nard )

Somewhat sol in liquid phosphorus
(Buck, Dissert 1904 )

P9H2 Insol in all solvents (Stock,
Bottger and Lenger, B 1909,42 2851)

Pi2H6 Sol in liquid hydrogen phosphide
and molten P There are no other solvents
which appreciably dissolve it Insol m
liquid PH3 (S B and L )

t°

Sol Coeff

4
9 65
13 2
22 5

3 77 vols
3 43
3 31
2 70

Hydrogen selemde, H2Se

More sol in H20 than hydrogen sulphide
(Berzehus )

Solubility coefficient of H2Se at t°

(Forcrand and Ponzes-Diacon, C R 1902,
134 171 )

(Besson, C R 1869,

Sol in cold COC12
122 140)

Hydrogen sihcide
See Silicon hydride

Hydrogen sulphide, HaS

(a) Liquid Dissolves S on warming,
which separates on cooling

(b) Gas

1 vol HaO absorbs 1 08 vols H2S at 10° (Henry
18Q3)

1 vol HsO absorbs 2 53 vols HaS at 15° (de Saus
sure Ann Phil 6 340)

1 vol HaO absorbs 3 vols HaS at 11° (Gay Lussac
and ThSnard )

1 vol HaO absorbs 366 vols HaS at ord temp
(Thompson )

1 vol H O absorbs 2 5 vols IfcS a.t ojrd temp
(Dalton )

1 vol H2O absorbs 4 3706-0 083687t+
00005213t2 vols H2S at temperatures be-
tween 2 and 43 3° (Bunsen and Schonfeld,
A 93 26)

At 0° and about 820 mm pressure, 1 com
H20 absorbs 100 com H S, while only about
4 ccm are absorbed at ord pressure (de
Forcrand and Villard, C R 106 1402 )

1 vol H20 at 760 mm pressure and t° absorbs
V vols H2S, reduced to 0° and 760 mm

t

V

t°

V

t°

v

0

4 3706

14

3 3012

28

2 4357

1

4 2874

15

3 2326

29

2 3819

2

4 2053

16

3 1651

30

2 3290

3

4 1243

17

3 0986

31

2 2771

4

4 0442

18

3 0331

32

2 2262

5

3 9652

19

2 9687

33

2 1764

6

3 8872

20

2 9053

34

2 1277

7

3 8103

21

2 8430

35

2 0799

8

3 7345

22

1 7817

36

2 0332

9

3 6596

23

2 7215

37

1 9876

10

3 5858

24

2 6623

38

1 9430

11

3 5132

25

2 6091

39

1 8994

12

3 4415

26

2 5470

40

1 8569

13

3 3708

27

2 4909

(Schdnfeld, A 93 26 )

HYHROGEN SULPHIDE

383

Absorption coefficient of H2S in H20
at 0° =4 6796 (Prytz and Hoist, W Ann
1895, 64, 137)

1 1 H20 dissolves 0 1004 mol H2S at 25°
and 760 mm

Difficultly sol in cone H2S04 with decomp
Instantly decomp by fuming HNOS
Solubility of H2S in HI+Aq at 25° and 760

TYlTn

Absorption of hydrogen sulphide by H20 at t°

HI Mol per 1

£[28 Mol per 1

0 00
1 01
1 51
1 93
2 65
2 64
3 42
4 38
5 005
5 695
6 935
*(9 21

0 1004
0 111
0 113
0 125
0 130
0 138
0 142
0 163
0 165
0 181
0 197
0 267)

t°

Coefficient of absorption

0°
10°
20°

4 686
3 520
2 672

[Calc fr data of Fauser (C C 1889, 1
754)]
(Wmkler, Z phys Ch 1906, 66 350 )

Absorption of hydrogen sulphide by H2O at t°

* Not exact
(Polhtzer, Z anorg 1909,~64 145 ) ~

Solubility m acids +Aq
1= value of H2S dissolved m acid+Aq as
determined by titration
lo= value of H2S dissolved in H2O as de-
termined by titration
t°=25°

t°

Coefficient of absorption

0
10
20
30
40
50
60

4 621
3 362
2 554
2 014
1 642
1 376
1 176

Acid

l/lo

(Wmkler, Z phys Ch 1906, 55 350 )
Solubility of H2S m H20

H-N HC1
H-N H,S04

0 975
0 905

(McLauchlan,

Less sol in Is
H20
Sol in CdCl2-
Z anorg 1894, G

Solub
1 — value of E

Z phys Ch 1903, 44 615 )

FaCl, or CaCl2+Aq than m

j-NH4OH + Aq (Crobaugh,
321)

ihty in salts -fAq
2S dissolved m salt+Aq as
tration
I2S dissolved m H2O as de-
a,tion

Layer rich m HaS

t

Mols H S per 100 mols H O

0
6
17
26
29 5

0 4

0 5
0 8
1 2
1 6

I ayer rich in H 0

determined bv t;
lo = value of ]
termmed by titi
t°-25°

t°

Mols H2S per 100 mols H O

29 4
28 5
26 9
26 3
23 8
23 3
22 9
17 2
13 7
11 4
5 3

96 3
96 9
97 3
97 5
98 1
98 1
98 2
98 8
99 1
99 25
99 5

Salt +Aq

l/lo

Salt +Aq

l/lo

J4-N Na2SO4
J4-N K2SO4
Y^ (NH4)2S04
N NaCl
N KC1
N NH4C1
N NaNO8
N KN08
N NH4N08

073
078
082
0847
0853
0960
0893
0913
0990

tf-N Na2S04
H-N K2S04
J4-N (NH4)2S04
M-N NaCl
N NaBr
N KBr
N NH4Br
N KI

0855
0890
091
0930
0935
0945
100
098

(Scheffer, Proc K Ak Amsterdam, 1911, 14
198 )

(McLauchlan, Z phys Ch 1903, 44= 615 )

384

HYDROGEN SULPHIDE

Solubility of H2S in NaSH+Aq
(g mol H2S dissolved mil)

t°

005 g mol

NaSH per 1

0 1 g mol
NaSH per 1

0 2 g mol
NaSH per 1

15
25
35

45

0 082
0 064

0 132
0 104
0 082

0 129
0 1035

(Goldschmidt and Larsen, Z phys Ch 1910,
71 449)

At 18° and ord pressure 100 vols alcohol of 0 84
sp gr absorb 606 mols HaS (de Saussure 1814 )

1 vol alcohol absorbs 17 891-0 65598t+
000661t2 vols HaS between 0 and 22°
(Canus )

1 vol alcohol at t° and 760 mm absorbs V
vols H2S reduced to 0° and 760 mm

17 891
17 242
16 606
15 983
15 373
14 776
14 193
13 623

10

11

12
13
14
15
16

17

523
992
475
971
480
003
539
088

18
19
20
21
22
23
24

v

8 225
7 814
7 415
7 030
6 659
6 300
5 955

(Canus, A 94 140)
Solubility in alcohol-|-Aq at 25°

Molecules of

CaHsOH in 100

molecules C2H6OH

+HO

0 00

1 60
5 18
9 25

23 60
47 75
*(100

Molecules H20 m
100 molecules
CaHsOH+BbO

100
98 (?)
94 82
90 75
76 40
52 25
0

l/lo

1 00
0 96
0 933

0 91

1 28

1 95

2 16)

* Carms

(McLauchlan )

Sol in methyl acetate (Marchand), ether
(Higgms)

Insol in caoutchin

Sol in glycerine m less amount than in
H20 If a certain vol of H20 dissolves IOC
pts H2S, the same vol of glycerine (1 pt
glycerine -f Ipt H20) dissolves only 60 pts
H2S, but the solution is very stable After
standing a year there is no appreciable
decomp (Lapage, J Pharm (4) 5 256 )

According to Lindo (C N 57 173), the
solution in glycerine is no more stable than
that in H2O

Sol in CS2

Solubility m organic substances 4- Aq
« value of H2S dissolved m organic sub-
stance-)-Aq as determined by titration

lo= value of F2S dissolved in H20 as de-
termined by titration
t°«25°

Solution

N-NH4C2H802

N-(NH2)*CO
pure CjHfi(OH)8

l/lo

1 09
0 944

0 858

1 02
0 863

(McLauchlan, Z phys Ch 1903, 44 615 )

Solubility in acetic acid+Aq at 25°

Molecules of
CHsCOOH m 100

molecules
OHiCOOE+HiO

0

8 85
16 7
21 0
35 5
53 5
55 7
67 8
81 0
98 58

Molecules
in 100 molecules
CHaCOOH+HsO

100
91 15
83 30
79

64 5
40 5

32 2
19 0
1 42

l/lo

1 00
0 98
0 955
00
035
21
29
40
83

3 81

(McLauchlan )

Hydrogen perstriphide, H^ or H2Ss

Decomp by contact with H20, m which it

is apparently msol Sol in ether with subse-

quent decomp Sol m CSg (The*nard, A

ch 48 79)
H2S2 Quickly decomp by ether, acetic

ether, ethyl, or amyl alcohol H2S has no

action
Cone HC1, or HCaHsOaH-Aq have no ac-

tion Sol in a solution of S in CS2, and m

liquid hydrocarbons

Chloroform dissolves without decomp

(Sabatier, C R 100 1346, 1585 )
Alkalies, and K2S-f-Aq decomp instantly
Decomp by H2O, dil and cone HC1, cone

H2S04, alkali and alcohol Sol m alcohol

containing HC1 but soon decomp in this

solution Miscible in all proportions and

without decomp with benzene, ether and CS2

(Bloch, B 1908,41 1977)
Formula is H2S6 (Rebs, A 246 356 )
-f-7H20 Easily decomp by heat (de

Forcrand and Vulard, C R 106 1402 )

Hydrogen Znsulphide, H2SS

Decomp by H2O, dil and cone HC1, cone
H2S04, alkali and alcohol Somewhat sol in
alcohol containing HC1? but slowly decomp
in this solution Miscible with ether, ben-
zene and CS2 and these solutions are relatively
stable (Bloch, B 1908,41 1974)

HYDROXYLAMINE COLTJMBATE

385

Hydrogen tellunde, H2Te

SI sol in F20 Decomp in the air
(Ernyei, Z anorg 1900, 26 313 )

Hydrosulphtinc acid, H2S
See Hydrogen sulphide

Hydrosulphurous acid, H2S02
See Hyposulphurous acid

Hydroxylamic acid

Calcium hydroxylamate, Ca(ONH2)2

Very explosive, decomp by H2O

and Schott, J pr 1908, (2) 78 323 )

(Ebler

Zinc hydroxylamate Zn(ONH2)2
Decomp by H20 (Ebler and Schott )

Zinc hydroxylamate, hydroxylamine,
Zn(H NO)., 3NH30

Very unstable
Insol m abs alcohol

(Ebler and Schott )

Hydroxylamine, NH3O=NH2(OH)
Known only m solution
Sol in alcohol (Lessen, J pr 96 462 )
Prepared m free state by de Bruyn
Very deliquescent, and sol m H20 and

alcohol SI sol or msol m CHCls, C6H6,

ether, or ethyl acetate

Methyl alcohol at 5° dissolves 35%, ethyl

alcohol at 15°, 15%, boiling dry ether, 1 2%,

boiling ethyl acetitc, 16% (de Bruyn, R

t c 11 18)

Hydroxylamine arsenate, As04H3(NH30)8

SI bol in cold II/), sol in hot H () from
which it cm b( uyst (Hofin inn, A 1S99,
307 331 )

Hydroxylamine azoimide
See Azcimide, hydroxylamine

Hydroxylamine bromide, NH2OII, HBr
Very sol in IUO, msol m cthor by which

it is pptd from solution in alcohol (Adams,

Am Ch J 1902, 28 205 )
2NH2OH, HBt Eisily sol m H 0, msol

in ether and hgroin SI sol in alcohol

(Adams )

Hydroxylamine mercuric bromide hydroxyla-
mine, 2NH2OH, 2HBr, HgBr2, 2NH2OH
Decomp by H20 and methyl alcohol
Readily decomp by alkalies (Adams )

Hydroxylamine calcium, HO Ca ONH2

Partially decomp by H20 at ordinary
temp (Hofmann, Z anorg 1898, 16 464 )

Hydroxylamine chloride, basic, NH«(OH)C1,
NH3OH

Sol m H2O Alcohol precipitates from
aqueous solution Insol in ether (Lossen )

2NH3(OH)C1, NH2OH Deliquescent,
very sol in H2O, less in alcohol, and msol in
ether (Lossen )

Hydroxylamine chloride, NH8(OH)C1

Not deliquescent Very sol in H20 and
hot ordinary alcohol SI sol in absolute al-
cohol Insol in ether (Lossen )

Sol m 1 2 pts H20 at 17° (Scinff, Z phys
Ch 1896, 21 290 )

Sp gr of aqueous solution at 17°

% salt

sp gr

40
28
20
14
10
7
5
3 5

1 1852
1 1260
1 0888
1 0616
1 0437
1 0303
1 0214
1 0147

(Schiff, Z phys Ch 1896, 21 290 )

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
16 4 pts at 19 75°, 100 pts absolute ethyl
alcohol dissolve 443 pts at 1975° (de
Bruyn, Z phys Ch 10 783 )

Somewhat sol m alcohol (Adams, Am
Ch J 1902,28 204)

Hydroxylamine mercuric chloride, NH2OH.
HC1, HgCl2

Very sol in H20 and alcohol Less sol in
ether (Adams, Am Ch J 1902, 28 213 )

5(NH2OH)2, HC1, 2HgCl2 Sol m cold
H O ilcohol and cthei More easily sol in
methyl alcohol Sol in HC1 The slightest
tiacc of ilk ih c j,ufc>os decomp (Adams)

//ewhydroxylamine cobaltic bromide,
[Co(NH2OH)0]Br3

(Werner, B 1905, 38 897 )

Tfowhydroxylamine cobaltic chloride,

[Co(NH2OH)6]Cl3

Very stable toward IIC1 (Werner, B
1905,38 895)

/fe:rahydroxylamine cobaltic nitrate,

[Co(NH2OH)6](N03)s
(Werner )

#ea;ahydroxylamine cobaltic sulphate,

[Co(NH2OH)6]2(S04)3+2H20
Easily sol m H20 (Werner )

Hydroxylamine columbate, Cb06N3Hio

Explosive SI sol in H2O (Hofmann, Z»
anorg 1898, 16 473 )

386

EYDROXYLAMINE DITHIONATE

Hydroxylamine dithionate, (NH2OH)2,

Sol in H20, decomp on heating the aq
solution (Sabanejeff, Z anorg 1898,17 485)

Hydroxylamine fluosilicate, (NH30)2, H2SiF6

Easily sol mH20 Nearly insol in methyl
and abs ethyl alcohol (Ebler, J pr 1908,
(2), 78 338 )

Hydroxylamme fluofctanate, (NH30)8,H2TiF6
Sol in H20 SI sol in methyl alcohol
(Ebler, J pr 1908, (2) 78 340 )

Hydroxylamine hypophosphite,

(NH8OH)H2P02

Very sol m H20 (Sabanejeff, Z anorg
1898, 17 483 )

Sol in H20 and absolute alcohol Insol *
in ether (Hofmann and Kohlschutter, Z
anorg 1898, 16 469 )

Hydroxylamine potassium hypophosphite,

(H2P02)2(NH30)3K2

Easily sol m H20, decomp on heating,
sol m hot abs alcohol (Hofmann and Kohl-
schutter, Z anorg 1898, 16 468 )

bosphate,

Hydroxylamine h]

(NH8OH)2H2r2vj6
Easily sol m H20 (Sabanejeff, Z anorg
1898, 17 489 )

Hydroxylamme iodide, NH2OH, HI

Hydroscopic, sol in methyl alcohol Very
explosive (Wolffensfcein and Groll, B 1901,
34 2419)

Dihydroxylamine iodide, (NH2OH)2, HI

Deliquescent More sol in H2O, methyl
and ethyl alcohol than the tn compound Is
decomp when recryst from these solvents
Insol in ether (Dunstan, Chem Soc 1896,
69 841 )

TnTiydroxylamme iodide, (NH2OH)3, HI

Deliquescent m moist air Sol in H20,
methyl and ethyl alcohol Insol in ether
(Dunstan )

Hydroxylamine nitrate, NH3(OH)N03

Very sol in H20 and absolute alcohol
(Lessen )

Hydroxylamine or^ophosphate,

(NH8OH)3P04
SI sol mcoldHjjO (Lossen )

Only si sol in H20 (Hofmann, A 1899,
307 330 )

Moderately sol in H20 (Ross, Chem Soc
1906, 90, (2) 19 )

Solubility in H20

1 g of aqueous solution contains at
0° 10°

0 012 0 015 g hydroxylamine phosphate,
20° 30°

0 019 0 027 g hydroxylamine phosphate,
40° 50°

0 040 0 055 g hydroxylamine phosphate,
60° 70°

0 077 0 102 g hydroxylamine phosphate,
80° 90°

0 133 0 168 g hydroxylamine phosphate
(Adams, Am Ch J 1902, 28 204 )

(NH3OH)H2P04 Hygroscopic Aq solu-
tion is decomp on heating (Sabanejeff, B
1897, 30 287 )

Hydroxylamine phosphite, (NH8OH)2HP03

Sol in H20 and absolute alcohol (Hof-
mann and Kohlschutter, Z anorg 1898, 16
467)

(NH3OH)H2P03 Sol m H20 Insol in
alcohol (Sabanejeff, Chem Soc 1900, 78,
(2), 14)

Hydroxylamine phosphite ammonia,

(NH3OH)H2P03, NH8
Sol in H20 (Sabanejeff, Chem Soc 1900,
78, (2)14)

Hydroxylamine sodium, NaONH2

Very hygroscopic (de Bruyn, R t c
1892, 11 18 )

Hydroxylamine sulphate, (NH3OH)2SO4

Easily sol in H20 Precipitated from con-
centrated aqueous solution by alcohol (Los-
sen )

Sol m cone NH4OH+Aq Insol in al-
cohol and ether (Preibisch. J pr 1873. (2)
7 480)

Not deliquescent Sol in % of its wt of
H20 at 20° (Divers and Haga, Chem Soc
1896, 69 1665 )

1 g of aqueous solution contains at
—8° 0° +10°

0 307 0 329 0 366 g hydroxylamine sulphate,
20° 30° 40°
0 413 0 441 0 482 g hydroxylamme sulphate.

50° 60° 90°

0 522 0 560 0 685 g hydroxylamine sulphate
(Adams, Am Ch J 1902, 28 203 )

Dry hydroxylamme sulphate is insol m
abs and almost insol in 95% alcohol
(Adams )

For double salts, see under sulphuric acid
NH2OH, H2S04 Deliquescent Sol m
H20 (Divers, Chem Soc 1895, 67 226 )

Hydroxylamine tungstate, 4NH2OH, 3W03+
3H20

Moderately sol m H20 (Allen and Gott-
schalk, Am Ch J 1902, 27 338 )

HYDROXYLAMINE DISULPHONATE SODIUM CHLORIDE, POTASSIUM 3S7

Hydroxylamine uranate, U04(NH30)2H-H20
Decomp by heat (Hofmann. Z anorg
1897, 16 78 )

Hydroxylamine uranate ammonia,

U04(NH30) , 2NH3

< Decomp by H20 (Hofmann, Z anorg
1897,16 79)

Hydroxylamine metavanadate, V06N8Hi6

Decomp by moisture (Hofmann, Z
anorg 1898, 16 472 )

Jlydroxylamine meiavanadate ammonia,

VOSH, (NH80)2, 2NH8
Easily decomp by H20 and HC1 (Hof-
mann, Z anorg 1898, 16 471 )

Hydroxylamine monosulphomc acid,

HONH(S03H)
"Sulphazidic acid" of Fremy
"Sulphydroxylamic acid" of Glaus
Sol in H20 Slowly decomp on boiling

(Raschig, A 241 161 )

Ammonium hydroxylamine monosulphonate,

(OH)HN, S03NH4
(Saban6jeff, Z anorg 1898, 17 491 )

Mowobanum , (HONHS03)oBa+

H20

Easily sol in H/) (Divers and Haga,
Chem Soc 55 760)

Dibarium , Ba(HONS03)2Ba+

H2O

Nearly msol m H 0, sol in HCl+Aq
(Divers and Haga, Chem Soc 55 760 )

3Ba(OH)2,

Above salts are all ppts (Divers, Chem
Soc 1894, 66 561 )

Barium sodium hydroxylamine cfosulphonate,

Ba6Na3(NS207)8+7H20
Ba9Na3(NS2O7)74-7H20
BaI8Na15(NS207)17-f24H2O
Above salts are ppts (Divers )

Potassium -

Potassium -

, HONH(bO3K)

"Potassium i

of Glaus

"Potassium sulph uia itc OL 1< rcmy
Sol m cold II2O luisily sol in hot H 0

without decomp Insol in alcohol (Rischig
+H2O (Dive rs and II iga,, Chem Soc 56

760)

Hydroxylamine r/isulphonic acid,
HON(bO,H),

"DisulphydrosMotic acid" of Chus

"Sulph i/o tic uid" of Lrouiy

Not known m fiu state (Raschig, A 241
161)

Barium hydroxylamme ^tsulphonate,
Ba3(NS2()7)2+4H2O ind +SH,O
Practically msol m H2O feol in NH4C14-
Aq (Divas, Chem Soc 1894, 66 559 )

Barium potassium

Ba8K8H4(NS207)o+9H20
< BaKNS207+H20

(HO)2Ba8K4H(NS207)5+H20

, HON(S03K)2+2H20

"Potassium ^isulphydroxyazotate" of

Glaus (A 158 75) Insol in cold H20
Very unstable Very difficultly sol mH20,

nore easily in dil KOp!-hAq (Raschig, A

HON(S03K)2, KON(S03K)2+H20 True
composition of potassium sulphazotate of
Fremy (Divers and Haga, Chem Soc 1900,
77 432 )

Potassium sodium — —

3K3NS207, 2Na3NS207+2H20 Sol in
H20

6K3NS207, Na3NS207, H8NS2O7+20H20
Sol mH20

K2Nai6H8(NS207)7-f5H20 Less sol in
H20 than the others

K1BNa6H4(NS207)8-f9H20 Sol in H,O

KNa4H(NS207)2+H20 Readily sol in
H20

K6NaH2(NS207)s+2H20 Moderately sol
mHjO

KNaHNS2O7+3H20 Sol in H20
(Divers, Chem Soc 1894, 65 552 )

Potassium strontium ,

(HO, Sr)3NS2O7, 8(SrKNS 07, 2HoO)
Ppt (Divers )

Potassium hydroxylamme c&sulphonate ni-
trite, HON(S03K)2, KNO2

Very si m H2O (Divers and Haga,
Chem Soo 1900, 77 433 )

KBH(NSA)2, 3KN02+H2O Decomp by
H2O (Divers and Ha^a )

2kON(b(>sR)a, KN02+4 4H20 Very sol
in H2O which decomp it into its constituent
salts (Div( rs and Haga )

+bH2O Very sol in H20 which decomp
it into its constituent salts (Divers and
Haga )

2K6H(NS207) , 7KN02+3H,0 Decomp
by H2O CDivers and Haga )

3K5H(NS207)2, 7KN02 Decomp by H20
(Divers and Haga )

Potassium hydroxylamine disulphonate so-
dium chloride, 5K2HNS207, 8NaCl +
3H20
Decomp by H20 (Divers, Chem Soc

1894, 65 551 )

388

HYDROXYLAMINE SULPHONATE, SODIUM

Sodium hydroxylamine d&sulphonate,
HON(SOsNa)2

Sol in somewhat more than its own wt of
H2O at 14° (Divers, Chem Soc 1894, 65
546)

Na2HNS2O7, 2Na8NS207+3H2O Sol in
less than 1 5 pts H2O at 14° (Divers )

Hydroxylamine isomonos^Uhomc acid,

NH2, 0, S02, OH

Very hydroscopic Sol in water, sol in
alcohol (Sommer, B 1914, 47 1226 )

[Compare Raschig, A 1887,241 161]

Hydroxylamine ts^sulphomc acid

Ammonium hydroxylamine tsotfosulphonate,

(SO8NH4)ONH(S08NH4)
3 pts are sol in 2 pts H20 at 18° Apt
to form supersat solutions (Haga, Chem
Soc 1905, 89 246 )

Z^potassmm -

-, K2HS207N

Only si sol in cold H20 Easily sol in
boiling H20 Decomp by hot dil HC1
(Raschig, B 1906, 39 246 )
6 44 pts are sol in 100 pts H20 at 16 4°
7 18 " " " " 100 " H20 " 17 8°
g 05 " « « « 100 " H2O " 20°

(Haga, Chem Soc 1906, 39 243 )

ITnpotassram -
+2H20

-, (S03K)ONK(SO3K)

Very sol in H20, ppt by alcohol (Haga )

Disodium , (S03Na)ONH(S03Na)

Very sol m H2O, insol m alcohol by which
it is ppt from aqueous solution (Haga )

Tnsodtam , (SO3Na)ONNa(SO3Na)

+2H20

Sol in H2O, ppt by alcohol (Haga )
+3H2O Sol m 1 3 pts H20 at 20° Less

sol in NaOH+Aq (Divers, Chem Soc

1894,65 546)

Hydroxylamine tfnsulphomc acid

Ammonium hydroxylamine tfnsulphonate,

2(S03NH4)ON(S03NH4)2+3H20
Sol m 0 61 pts H2O at 16° (Haga, Chem
Soc 1904,85 84)

-, 2(SO3K)ON(S03K)2+

Potassium

3H2O
1 pt is sol m 25 37 pts H2O at 18° (Haga )

Sodium , (SO8Na)ON(S08Na)2+

2H20
Sol in 2 84 pts H20 at 21 5°

Dihydroxylamine sulphomc acid,
(HO)2N(S03H)

"Sulphazmous acid" of Fremy

Known only in its salts (Raschig, A 241
161)

Potassium ^hydroxylamine sulphonate,
(HO)2NS08K

Not obtained in pure state, forms basic salt
TCO

^XNSOsK, which is quite sol in H20, and
JdU

corresponds to "sulfazite de potasse" of
Fremy (A ch (3) 15 421)

Sol in H20, insol in alohol and ether
(Fremy )

Hydroxyliodoplatnufoamine sulphate,

(OH)IPt(NH3)4SO4+H20
Very si sol , even m boiling H2O (Carl-
gren, Sv V A F 47 312 )

Hydroxylonitratoplatm^amine nitrate,
OH ptN2H6NOs
N03rtN2H6N03

SI sol m cold, more easily m hot H2O
Very si sol m H20 containing HN03 (Cleve )

• pg/rophosphate,

OH TVi.N2H6 "D r\ I TT f\

isjn .-Ptxr-TT. P2O7-|-H20

Very si sol m H20 (Cleve)

Hydroxyloplatraamine hydroxide,

(OH)2Pt(NH3OH)2

Insol ui H20 Easily sol in dil acids, even
HC2H3024-Aq Not decomp by boiling
KOH+Aq (Gerhardt, Compt Chem 1849
490)

Hydroxyloplatinamine nitrate,

(OH)2Pt(NH3N03)2+2H20
SI sol in cold, easily m hot H 0, not
attacked bv cold HCl+Aq (Cleve )

• oxalate, (OH)*Pt(NH8) C2O4+H2O

Sol inhotH2O

sulphate, (OH)2Pt(NH3)2S04+HO

Difficultly sol mH20 (Cleve)

Hydroxyloplatin^amine bromide,

(OH)2Pt(NH3)4Br2

SI sol , even in boiling H20 (Carlgren,
Sv V A F 47 320)

chloride, (OH)2Pt(NH3)4Cl2

Sol in 206 pts cold, and 49 pts boiling
H20 (Carlgren, Sv V A F 47 316 )

chromate, (OH)2Pt(NH3)4Cr2O7

Very si sol in cold or hot H20 (Carlgren,
Sv V A F 47 319)

HYPOBROMITE, BARIUM

389

Hydroxyloplafcrufoatmne iodide,

(OH)2Pt(NH3)J2
SI sol in hot or cold H20 (Carlgren )

- nitrate, (OE)2Pt(NH3)4(NO3)2

SI sol in cold, moderately sol in hot H2O
(Gerhardt, A 76 315 )

Sol m 343 pts cold, and 38 pts boiling
H20 (Carlgren, Sv V A F 47 318 )

— nitrite, (OH)2Pt(NH5)4(N02)2
Easily sol m H2O (Carlgren )

- sulphate, (OH)2Pt(NH3)4S04
Very si sol in boiling H20 (Cleve )
4-4H20 Efflorescent (Carlgren, Sv V

A F 47 313 )

Hydroxyloplatinwotto&arnme nitrate,
,NH3NH3N03

Very easily sol in H20 (Cleve )

Hydrosyloplatmse?mdhamine nitrate,

(OH)3PtNH3NH3N03(?)
Easily sol m H2O (Cleve )

- sulphate,

(OH)2PtNH3NHs

Sol m hot H20

Hydroxylodzplatmcfoamme chloride,

(OH)2Pt2(N H0)4C14+H20
Extremely si sol m H20

- cfochromate, (OH)2Pt2(N2H6)4(Cr207)2
Ppt (Cleve )

-- nitrate, (OH)2Pt2(N2H6)4(NO3)4

Very si sol in cold, more easily in hot H2O
(Cleve)

- phosphate, (OH) Pt2(N2H6)4(P04H)2
Ppt

- sulphate, (OH)2Pt2(N2H0)4(S04)2+
2H20

Ppt Nearly msol m H2O

Hydroxylosulphatoplatindiamine
bromide, (OH)Pt(N2H6)2Br

\ / +2H2O
SO,
Easily sol m H2O (Cleve)

(OH)Pt(N2H6)2Cl

- chloride, \ / +2H2O

S04

Moderately sol in cold, very sol in hot
H20

Hydroxylosulphatoplatimfoamine chloroplati-
nate,

2

L
Ppt

r(OH)Pt(N2H6)2Cl-i

\
S0

/ , PtCl4+2H2O

4 J

- chromate,
r(OH)Pt(N2H6)2l

\ / CrO4+2H2O

L so4 J2

[ sol inH20

r(OH)Pt(N2H6)2
<&chromate, \ / | Cr2O7

SI sol inH20

N2H6)2-i
\/ <
S04 Js

(OH)Pt(N2H6) NO8

nitrate, \ /

S04
Sol m hot H20

sulphate,

r(OH)Pt(N2Hc)2i

\ / SO4+3H2O
L S04 J2

SI sol mH20 (Cleve)

Hypoantimomc acid

Calcium hypoantimonate (?), Ca2Sb3Os
Mm Romeite Insol in acids

Potassium hypoantimonate, K2Sb2Ofi

Sol m hot H2O Sol m 425 pts boiling

H20 (Brandes) Sol m boiling KOH+Aq

(Berzehus)
K2Sb409 Ppt

Hypobonc acid

Sodium hypoborate, NaOBH3

Deliquescent, decomp m aq solution at
room temp Decomp by acids SI sol m
alcohol with decomp (Stock, B 1914, 47
821 )

Hypobromous acid, HBrO

Known only in aqueous solution
Solution containing 6 21 pts Br as HBrO
m 1(K) com H2O decomposes at 30° If dilute
solution is distilled m vacuo, an acid contain-
ing 0 736 pt Br as HBrO in 100 ccm is ob-
tained at first, but the distillate slowly grows
weaker Dil solution, stable at oidmary
temp , decomp by heating over 60° (Dancer
A 125 237)

Barium hypobromite
Known only in solution

390

HYPOBROMITE BROMIDE, CALCIUM

Calcium hypobromite bromide

Dehquescent, and sol in H20 with partial
decomp (Ber/ehus )

Potassium hypobromite, KBrO
Known only in solution

Sodium hypobromite
Known only in solution

Strontium hypobromite
Known only in solution

Hypochlorous acid, HC1O

Miscible with H20 Decomposes at 0° in
the dark, more rapidly at higher temp or in
light The stronger the solution the more
rapid the decomposition Moderately strong
acid may be distilled without any consider-
able decomp , a stronger acid distilling over
at first, and afterwards an acid weaker than
the original acid Very cone or very dil
acids decomp bv distillation

Ammonium hypochlonte

Known only in aqueous solution, which de-
composes at once

Barium hypochlonte

Known onlv in solution

Calcium hypochlonte, Ca(OCl)2H-4H20

Dehquescent, and sol in H2O (Kmzgett,
Chem Soc (2) 13 404 )

Calcium hypochlonte chloride, etc (bleaching
powder), CaCOCl),, CaCl2, Ca(OH)2-f
H2O

Not deliquescent Sol in H2O Alcohol
does not dissolve out CaCl2 Sol in 20 pts
H2O with a slight residue

Correct formula is CaOCl2 (Lunge and

Sohappi, Kraut, A 214 354), Ca^ (Stahl-
schmidt, B 8 869), CaOCl, Cl (Odlmg)

CaCl2 is dissolved out by alcohol For-

nw
mula = SCaggjCaCl +2H2O (Dreyf uss, Bull

Soc (2)41 600)

Didymium hypochlonte, Di(OCl)8

Difficultly sol in H20 Easily sol in acids
(Frenchs and Smith, A 191 348 )

Lanthanum hypochlonte, La(OCl)s
Easily sol in H20 (Frenchs and Smith )

Lithium hypochlonte, LiCIO

Known only in solution (Kraut, A 1882,
214 356)

Magnesium hypochlonte
Known only in solution

Potassium hypochlonte, KC1O
Known only m solution

Silver hypochlonte, AgCIO

Very sol in H20, and decomp very quickly
(Stas, Acad R de Belg 35 103 )

Sodium hypochlonte, NaCIO
Known only in solution

Hypoiodic acid, I204
See Iodine teotfroxide

Hypoiodous acid, HOI

Known only in solution which decomp on
standing (Taylor, C N 1897, 76 97 )

Calcium hypoiodite iodide, Ca(OI)2, CaI2

Not very unstable (Lunge and Shoch, B
15 1883)

Hypomtnc acid, N2O4
See Nitrogen tefroxide

Hypomtrous acid, HNO, or better H2N202
Known only m aqueous solution Solution

is quite stable (van der Plaats, B 10 1507 )
very deliquescent, sol in H20 and alcohol,

sol in ether, chloroform, benzene, si sol in

petroleum ether (Hantzsch and Kaufmann,

A 1896, 292 323 )

Ammonium hypomtnte, (NH4)2N202

Sol m H20 and in alcohol (Jackson. C N
1893, 68 266 )

Ammonium hydrogen hypomtnte, NH4HNoO2
Easily sol in H20 The solid salt slowly
decomp at ord temp into ammonia, H20
and N20 (Hantzsch and Kaufmann, A
1896, 292 328 )

Barium hypomtnte, BaN2O2

Nearlv msol m, but gradually decomp by
H20 Sol m cone acids with evolution of
N2O, but sol in dil HC2H3O2+Aq without
decomp (Zorn, B 15 1007 )

44H20 SI sol m H20, msol m alcohol
and ether (Kirschner, Z anorg 1898, 16
424)

+xH20 Efflorescent (Maquenne, C R
108 1303)

Barium hydrogen hypomtnte, BaH2(N202)2
Easily sol m H20 (Zorn, B 1882, 15
1011)

Calcium hypomtnte, CaN2O24-4H20

Nearly insol m H20, easily sol in dil
acids (Maquenne, C R 108 1303 )

SI sol in H20, insol in alcohol (Kirsch-
ner, Z anorg 1898, 16 426 )

HYPOPHOSPHATE, BARIUM HYDROGEN

391

Cupnc hypomtnte, basic, CuN2O2, Cu(OH)2
Insol in H20, not decomp by hot H2O

Sol in dil acids and in ammonia Decomp

byNaOH (Divers, Chem Soc 1899,75 121
Insol in H2O Sol in dil acids and in

NH4OH+Aq (Kirschner, Z anorg 1898,

16 430)

Cuprous hypomtnte, Cu2N202+2H2O
Ppt (Kolotow, C C 1891, I 1859 )
Cannot be formed (Divers. Chem Soc

1899,75 121)

Lead hypomtnte, basic, PbN202, PbO

Insol in H20 Sol in dil acids from which
it may be pptd by NaOH+Aq or NH4OH4-
Aq (Kirschner, Z anorg 1898, 16 430 )

Lead hypomtnte, PbN2O2

Insol in H20, sol m dil acids from which
it may be pptd by NaOH+Aq or NHs+Aq
(Kirschner )

Mercuric hypomtnte, basic, 3HgO, HgN202

+3H20

Ppt SI sol even m boiling dil HN03
Scarcely sol m cone . very sol in warm dil
HC1 (Ray, Chem Soc 1897, 71 349 )

Mercurous hypomtnte, Hg2N202

Sol in dil HN03 with slow decomp (Ray,
Chem Soc 1907, 91 1404 )

Mercuric hypomtnte, HgN202

Sol m HC1, and m NaCl+Aq

SI sol m very dil alkali (Divers, Chem
Soc 1899, 75 119 )

Potassium hypomtnte, K2N202

Sol m H20 (van der Plaats )

Stable when dry

Sol m 90% alcohol, and si sol in abs
alcohol (Divers, Chem Soc 1899, 75 103 )

Silver hypomtnte (mtrosyl silver),
Ag2N202

Insol m H2O iasilv sol m dil HN03-|-
Aq or H2b04H-Aq

Decomp by HdPO4, H2S, and boiling
HC2H3O2 + Aq ( v in der Ph its )

Insol m HC2H3O2+Aa, sol m NH4OH
+Aq (Divers, C N 23 206 )

Sol m dil HNO3 and H2S04 and in cone
NH4OH+Aq, decomp by HC1 (Kirsch-
ner, Z anorg 1898, 16 431 )

Sodium hypomtnte, Na2N202-f 6H20
Sol in H20 (van der Plaats )

Strontium hypomtnte, SrN202

Easily sol m H20 (Roederer, Bull
Soc 1906, (3) 35 715 )

+5H20 Nearly insol in H20, easily sol

in dil acids (Maquenne, C R 108 1303 )
SI sol in H2O, insol in alcohol (Kirsch-
ner, Z anorg 1898, 16 426 )

Hypophosphomolybdic acid, MoBO8,

7H8P02+3H20

Very si sol in cold H2O Scarcely sol
m cold dil H2S04 Sol in cold cone H2SO4
Sol m warm cone HC1 Warm HNO»
oxidizes forming clear solution (Mawrow,
Z anorg 1901, 28 164 )

Ammonium hypophosphomolybdate,

2(NH4)20, 2H8P02, 8Mo08+2H20
Not very sol in cold H2O, readily m hot
H2O (Gibbs, Am Ch J 3 402 )

Hypophosphonc acid, H4P206

Very deliquescent, and sol in the least
amount of H2O (Joly, C R 101 1058 )

100 cc H4P206+4q, containing 4 1%P2O4
hassp gr =1036

100 cc H4P2O6-j-\q, containing 123%
P204 hassp gr =1122

(Salzer, A 1878, 194 28 )

+H2O (Sanger, A 232 14)

Does not exist (Joly )

+2H20 Appears to be the only stable
hydrate between 0° and 60 °

Sanger's hydrate, H4P206+H2O, and
Joly's anhydride could not be obtained
(Rosenheim, B 1908, 41 2711 )

Aluminum hypophosphate, A14(P2O6)8+
23H20

Easily sol in mineral acids Sol mNaJPaOe
+Aq (Palm, Dissertation, Rostock, 1890 )

Ammonium hypophosphate, (NH4)4P2O6+

H2O
Sol m 30 pts H20 (Salzer, A 194 32 )

Ammonium hydrogen hypophosphate,

(NH4)2H2P,06

Sol m 14 pts cold, and 4 pts boiling H2O
(Sal/er, A 194 32 )

Ammonium /rihydrogen hypophosphate,

NH4H3P200
bol m H2O (Salzer, A 211 1 )

Ammonium magnesium hypophosphate,

(NH4)2MgP/)6+6H20
Precipitate (Sal/er, A 232 114)

Barium hypophosphate,

Very slightly sol , but not wholly insol in
H2O Very slightly sol in acetic acid, but
more soluble in hydrochloric, and hypophos-
phoric acids (fealzer, A 194 34 )

Barium hydrogen hypophosphate, BaH2P2O6

+2H2O

Soluble m about 1000 pts H2O Solution
decomposes by heating (Salzer, A 194 34 )

392

HYPOPHOSPHATE, BISMUTH

Bismuth hypophosphate, Bi4(P206)s-f-

Completely sol m HCl-f-Aq, also in warm
ENOs-f Aq Insol in boiling dil H2S04+
Aq SI sol by long boiling with cone
H2S04 (Palm, Rostock, 1890 )

Cadmium hypophosphate, Cd2P206-|-2H20

Insol in H20 Sol in dil acids (Drawe,
B 21 3403)

Cadmium potassium hydrogen hypophos-

phate, CdK2(H2P206)2-|-2^H20
(Bausa, Z anorg 1894, 6 147 )

Cadmium sodium hypophosphate, CdNa2P206

+6H20

Insol in H20, but decomp thereby Sol
indd acids (Drawe)

Calcium hypophosphate, Ca2P2064-2H20

Insol in H20, difficultly sol in HC2H802,
easily sol in H4P206, or HCl+Aq (Salzer,
A 194 36)

Calcium hydrogen hypophosphate,

CaH2P206+ 6H20
Sol in 60 pts H2O (Salzer, A 232 114 )

Chromic hypophosphate, Cr4(P206)3+34H20

Sol in HCl+Aq on si warming, also in

HNOa+Aq Not completely sol in dil

BT SO^-f-Aq, but completely sol in cone

t (Palm, Dissertation, Rostock, 1890 )

Cobaltous hypophosphate, Co2P206+8H20

Insol inH20 Easily sol in acids (Drawe,
B 21 3403)

Cobaltous potassium hypophosphate,

CoKaPA-f 5H20
Ppt (Bausa, Z anorg 1894,6 156)

Cobaltous potassium hydrogen hypophos-
phate, CoH2P206, 3K2H2P206+15H20

Cobaltous sodium hypophosphate, CoNa2P206

Insol m H2O, but decomp thereby Sol
in dil acids (Drawe, B 21 3403 )

Cupnc hypophosphate, Cu2P206+6H20
Insol in H20 Sol m dil acids (Drawe,

B 21 3403)
Ppt (Bausa, Z anorg 1894, 6 145 )

Cupnc potassium hydrogen hypophosphate.

CuH2P206, 3K2H2P206-K5H20
Ppt (Bausa, Z anorg 1894, 6 152 )

Glucinum hypophosphate, G12P206+7H20
Insol m H20 Moderately sol in all min-

eral acids (Palm, Rostock, 1890 )
+3H20 (Rammelsberg )

Iron (ferrous) hypophosphate, Fe2P2O6-f

Insol in H20 Sol m cold HCl-|-Aq
Decomp by hot HN03+Aq into Fe4(P2O6)8
Insol m ENOa-f-Aq Insol in boiling cdl
H2S04+Aq Somewhat sol m cold H2S04,
but a ppt separates out on heating (Palm,
Rostock, 1890 )

Iron (feme) hypophosphate, Fe4(P206)34-

20H20

Easily sol in HCl+Aq Wholly insol in
HN08, and dil H2S04+Aq Completely sol
m cone H2S04 by warming a short time, but a
ppt separates out on boiling (Palm)

Lead hypophosphate, Pb2P2Oe

Insol m H20, HC2H802, or H4P206-f Aq,
sol in dil HN08+Aq (Salzer)

Lithium hypophosphate, Li4P206+7H20
Very si sol in H20 (Salzer, A 194 28 )
Sol in 120 pts H20 at ord temp (Ram-

melsberg, J pr (2) 45 153 )
Li2H«P206+2H20 Deliquescent (Ram-

melsberg )

Magnesium hypophosphate, Mg2P2O6-h
12H20

Sol in 15,000 pts H20, si sol m acetic,
easily in hypophosphonc, or mineral acids
(Salzer, A 232 114)

+24H20 (Rammelsberg )

Magnesium hydrogen hypophosphate,

MgH2P206+4H20
Sol in 200 pts H,0 (Salzer, A 232 114 )

Manganese hypophosphate, Mn2P206-f

Insol in H20, sol in mineral acids, insol
in acetic acid (Palm, Dissertation, Rostock,
1890)

Manganous potassium hydrogen hypophos-

phate, MnH2P2O6, K2H2P2O6+3H20
Ppt (Bausa, Z anorg 1894, 6 150 )

Manganous sodium hypophosphate, Mn2P206,

Na4P206+llH20
Insol m H20, sol m mineral acids (Palm )

Nickel hypophosphate, Ni2P206+12H2O

Insol in H20 Sol in dil acids (Diawe.
B 21 3401 )

Nickel potassium hypophosphate,

NiK2P206H-6H20
Ppt (Bausa, Z anorg 1894, 6 155 )

NFickel potassium hydrogen hypophosphate.

NiH2P206 3K2H2P206-hl5H20
Ppt (Bausa, Z anorg 1894, 6 144 )

HYPOPHOSPHITE, CEROUS

393

Nickel sodium hypophosphate, NiNa2P2O6-h

12H2O

Insol in H20, but decomp thereby Easily
sol in dil acids (Drawe )

Potassium hypophosphate, K4P206-|-8H20
Sol in ^i pt H20, insol m alcohol
(Salzer, A 211 1)

Potassium hydrogen hypophosphate,

KjaP,0,+3H,0
Sol in % pt H20 (Salzer, A 211 1 )

Potassium dihydrogen hypophosphate,

K2H2P206-f 3H20, and +2H20
Sol in 3 pts cold, and 1 pt boiling H20
(Salzer, A 211 1 )

Potassium ^nhydrogen hypophosphate,

KH8P206

Sol in \y* pts cold, and ^ pt hot H20
(Salzer, A 211 1 )

Potassium per^ahydrogen dihypophosphate,
K8H (P206)2+2H20

Sol in 2M pts cold, and 4/e P* boihng
H20 (Salzer, A 211 1 )

Potassium sodium hypophosphate,

Na2K2P200+9H20
Sol m about 25 pts cold, and 3 pts hot
H20 (Bausa, Z anorg 1894, 6 158 )

Potassium zinc hydrogen hypophosphate,

ZnH2P200 3K2H2P200+15H20
Ppt (Bausa, Z anorg 1894, 6 148 )

Silver hypophosphate, Ag^P^Oe

SI sol in H20 Easily sol in HN03, or
NH4OH+ Aq Very si sol in H4P206+Aq
(Salzer, A 232 114 )

Sodium hypophosphate, Nci4P206+10H2O

Sol in ibout 30 pts cold, much more easily
m hot H2O (S ilzor )

Sodium hydrogen hypophosphate, Na8HP2Oc

+9H O
Sol in 22 pts H,O (Salzer )

Sodium tfihydrogen hypophosphate,
jO

Sol in 45 pts cold, and 5 pts boiling H20
More sol m dil H2SO4+Aq Insol m alco-
hol (SaUcr, A 187 331 )

Sodium ^nhydrogen hypophosphate,

NaH3P206
Sol m H20 (Salzer, A 211 1 )

Sodium 2nhydrogen cfthypophosphate,
Very efflorescent Sol m 15 pts cold H20
' , A 211 1 )

Thallium hypophosphate, T14P206

SI sol in H20 Decomp in sunlight
Joly, C R 1894, 118 650 )

Thallium hydrogen hypophosphate,

T12H2P2O6
Sol in H2O (Joly )

Zinc hypophosphate, Zn2P206+2H20

Insol in H20 Easily sol in dil acids
(Drawe, B 21 3403 )

Hypophosphorosomolybidc acid

Barium hypophosphorosomolybdate,
BaO, Mo7020, 3H8P02+12H2O
Very sol in H«0 and BaCl2+Aq TMaw-
row, Z anorg 1902, 29 156 )

Hypophosphorous acid, H3P02
Very sol in H20 and alcohol (Rose )

Aluminum hypophosphite

Not deliquescent, but very sol m H20
(Rose, Pogg 12 86 )

Ammonium hypophosphite, NH4H2P02

Sol in H2O, less deliquescent than the
potassium salt (Wurtz, A ch (3) 7 193 )
Very sol in absolute alcohol (Dulong)
Moderately sol m liquid NH8 (Frank-
lin, Am Ch T 1898, 20 826 )

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4328 )

Barium hypophosphite, Ba(H2P02)2+H20

Sol m 3 5 pts cold, and 3 pts boiling H20
Insol m alcohol (Wurtz, A 43 323 )

Bismuth hypophosphite, Bi(H2P02)3
Ppfc (Vamno, J pr 1906, (2) 74 150 )
+H20 Sol in acid Bi(N08)3-fAq

(Haga, Chem Soc 1895, 67 229 )

Cadmium hypophosphite
Sol m H2O (Rose, Pogg 12 91 )

Calcium hypophosphite, Ca(PHo02)2

Sol m 6 pts cold, and not much more sol
in hot H2O Insol m strong, very sol in
weak alcohol (Rose, Pogg 9 361 )

Calcium cobaltous hypophosphite

2Ca(PH2O2)2, Co(PH202)2-l-2H20
Efflorescent (Rose, Pogg 12 295 )

Calcium ferrous hypophosphite
Sol m H2O (Rose, Pogg 12 294 )

Cerous hypophosphite, Ce(PH202)34-H2O

SI sol in H20 (Rammelsberg, BAB
1872 437)

394

HYPOPHOSPHITE, CHROMIUM

Chromium hypophosphite, Cr2(OEQ 2(H2P02) *
Anhydrous Insol in H20 or dij acids
+3H2O Sol in H2O (Wurtz, A ch (3)

16 196)

Cobaltous hypophosphite, Co (PH202) 2 +

6H2O

Efflorescent Easily sol in H20 (Rose,
Pogg 12 87)

Cupnc hypophosphite, Cu(PHsOi)a

Very sol in H20, but very easily decomp
on heating (Wurtz, A ch (3) 16 199 )

Glucintun hypophosphite
Sol in H20 (Rose, Pogg 12 86 )

Iron (ferrous) hypophosphite, Fe(PH2Oa)2+

6H20
Sol in H20 (Rose, Pogg 12 294 )

Iron (feme) hypophosphite

Difficultly sol m H2O or acidg Decomp
on boiling SI sol in H3P02+Aq (Rose)

Lead hypophosphite, Pb(PH202)2

Difficultly sol in cold, more easily m hot
H2O Insol in alcohol (Rose, Pogg 12
288)

Lithium hypophosphite, LiH2PO2+H20

Sol in H20 (Rammelsberg, BAB
1872 416)

Magnesium hypophosphite, Mg(PH202)2+

6H20

Efflorescent in dry air Sol m H2O
(Rose )

Manganous hypophosphite, Mn(H2PO2)2-f
H2O

Permanent Very sol in H2O (Wurtz,
A ch (3) 16 195 )

Mercurous hypophosphite nitrate,

HgH2P02, HgN03+H20
SI sol m H2O with rapid decomp
Sol in hot cone HN08 (Haga, Chem

Soc 1895, 67 227 )

Nickel hypophosphite, Ni(PH2O2)2+6H2O
Efflorescent Sol in H20 (Rammels-
berg, B 5 494 )

Nickel hypophosphite ammonia,

Ni(H P02) , 6NH3
(Ephraim, B 1913,46 3111)

Platmous hypophosphite Pt(PH2O2)2

Insol m H20, HC1, H2S04-|-Aq, etc Sol
in HNO^+Aq Insol in alcohol (Engel,
C R 91 1068)

Potassium hypophosphite, KH2PO2
Very deliquescent Very sol m H20

sol m weak, less in absolute alcohol Insol

m ether (Wurtz. A ch (3) 7 192 )
SI sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch

J 1898, 20 828 )

Sodium hypophosphite, NaH2P02+H20
Very deliquescent Somewhat less sol than

the K salt Very sol in absolute alcohol

(Dulong )
Very sol in H20, and somewhat less sol in

alcohol (Rammelsberg, BAB 1872 412 )
fift sol m liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch,

J 1898, 20 829 )

Strontium hypophosphite, Sr(PH202)2
Very easily sol in H20 (Dulong )
Insol m alcohol (Wurtz )

Thailous hypophosphite, T1H2P02

Sol in H20 (Rammelsberg, BAB
1872 492)

Uranyl hypophosphite, UO2(H2P02)2+H2O
Si sol in H20 Easily sol in HCL or
HNOs+Aq (Rammelsberg, Chem ooc
(2) 11 1 )

Divanadyl hypophosphite, V202(H2P02)4+

2H20

Insol in cold, si sol in hot H20
Sol in hot dil HC1, H2S04 and HNO* and

in warm cone HC1 and H2S04

Insol in oxalic acid (Mawrow, Z anorg

1907,65 147)

Zinc hypophosphite, Zn(H2P02)2+H20

Sol m H20

-h6H20 Efflorescent (Wurtz, A ch (3)
16 195)

Zirconium hypophosphite, Zr (OPH2O) 4 +H2O
Sensitive to light Insol in alcohol, by
which it is pptd from aqueous solution
(Hauser, Z anorg 1913, 84 93 )

Hypophosphotungstic acid

Potassium hypophosphotungstate, 4K20,

6H3P02, 18W03-f-7H2O
Precipitate Sol in hot, very si sol in
cold H2O (Gibbs, Am Ch J 5 361 )

Hyposulpharsemous acid

Hyposulpharsemtes, As2S2, M2S

Difficultly sol m H20 (Berzelms )
Do not exist (Nilson, B 4 989 )

Hyposulphunc acid, H2S206
See Dithiomc acid

IMIDOPHOSPHATE, BARIUM, BASIC

395

Hyposulphurous acid, H2S208
See Thiosulphunc acid

Hypostslphurous (Hydro sulphurous) acid,
H2S02

Known only in dil aqueous solution,
which decomposes rapidl>

Correct formula is H2S204, according to
Bernthsen (A 211 285 )

More sol in alcohol than in H20 (Rossler,
Arch Pharm (3) 25 845 )

Ammonium hyposulphite,

Known only in solution (Prudhomme,
Bull Soc 1899, (3) 21 326 )

Ammonium hydrogen hyposulphite,

Known only in solution (Prudhomme,
Bull Soc 1899, (3) 21 326 )

Calcium hyposulphite, CaS204+l 5H20

Difficultly sol in H20 (Bazlen, B 1905,
38 1059)

Magnesium hyposulphite, MgS204
(BiUv, C R 1905, 140 936 )

Potassium hyposulphite, K2S2O4+3H20

Easily decomp

Insol in alcohol (Bazlen, B 1905, 38
1058)

Sodium hyposulphite, Na2S2O4

Anhydrous Stable in dry air (Bazlen,
B 1905,38 1061)

100 g H2O dissolve 24 1 g of the anhydrous
saltat20° (Jellmek Z anorg 1911,70 130)
-f 2H2O Solubility in H20

11 6 g of the solution contain at
20° 1 91 g Na2S204

10° 1 67 g

1° 1 49 g

(Jellmek, Z anorg 1911, 70 128 )
Insol m alcohol (Bazlen, B 1905, 38
1058)

Sodium zinc hyposulphite, Na2S/)4, ZnS2O4

Less sol in H/) than ZnS204 (Bazlen,
B 1905,38 1060)

Strontium hyposulphite, SrS2O4

Sol m H20 (Moissan, C R 1902, 136
653)

Zinc hyposulphite, ZnS204

Easily sol m H20, about 1 pt m 7 pts
H20 Forms supersat solutions readily
(Bazlen, B 1905, 38 1060 )

Hypovanadic acid, V202(OH)4
See Vanadium ^/-hydroxide

Hypovanadic acid, H2V4O9
See Vanadous acid

Hypovanadic acid with vanadic acid
See Vanadicovanadic acid

Inudcxfomefoarsenic acid

Ammonium

(NH402As203NH

(Rosenheim and Jacobsohn, Z anorg
1906, 60 307 )

Imidochromic acid

Ammonium umdochr ornate,

NHCrO(ONH4)2

Very sol in H20 with decomp (Rosen-
heim and Jacobsohn, Z anorg 1906, 60 299 )

Ammonium potassium irrudochromate,

NH4KCrOsNH

Decomp on solution in H2O (Rosen-
heim, Z anorg 190b, 60 302 )

Imidodtimidochromic acid

Ammonium imidocfoimido chromate,

NH[CrO(NH)ONH4]2
(Rosenheim and Jacobsohn, Z anorg
1906, 50 303 )

Imidomolybdic acid

Potassium imidomolybdate, NKMoO(OK)2

Unstable in air

Very hygroscopic Very sol in H20
(Rosenheim, 7 anorg 1906, 60 305 )

Dinmdocfophosphormonamic acid,

HO— PO < NH > P0~ NHa
Correct formuh foi p?/r0phosprio£namic
acid of Glidstone (Monte, A 248 241 )

Imidocfophosphoric acid,

HO— PO < N j£ > PO— OH
Coircct name foi p//rpphosphamic acid
(Mentc, A 248 251 )

/ "•> T^O
Barium imidcx^phosphate, Ba.O > pQ > NH

SI sol m H2O (Mento, A 248 243 )
Barium imidocfaphosphate, basic,

Ba^O^S^N— Ba—
\0>PO

2H2O
Ppt (Mente )

396

IMIDOPHOSPHATE, FERRIC

Feme mud^phosphate

SI sol in cone acids (Mente, A 248 241

Silver imido&pliosphate, Ag3H2P2N06
Insol in H2O (Stokes, Am Ch J 1896

18 660)
Ag4HP2N06 Ppt (Stokes )

ZHunidocfopliosplioric acid,

Correct name for pyrophosphocfaamic acid
(Mente, A 248 241 )

Banum dwrnidocfophosphate,

NH<PQ>NHQ>Ba
SI sol in dil acids (Mente, A 248
244 )

Sodium cfounidodzpliosphate, basic,

\0]Sra
SI sol in H2O (Mente, A 248 245 )

iHimidoJnphosphonc acid

e, Ag3H4P3]Sr208

Insol in H20 Very sol in NH4OH+Aq
Rather si sol in dil HN03 (Stokes, Am

Ch J 1896, 18 657 )
Ag6H2P3N208 Insol in H2O Very sol in

NH4OH-f-Aq

Decomp by HN03 (Stokes)

Tnsodiumcfoumdorfnphosphate,

Sol m H20

Insol in alcohol (Stokes )

TmmidofeZrapliosphoric acid

Silver Znimidote/raphosphate

Ag4H6P4N30]0
Ppt (Stokes, Am Ch J 1898, 20 755 )

Sodium £nimidote£raphosphate,

P4N3010H6Na4

Easily sol m H2O, msol in sodium acetate
solution and dil alcohol (Stokes, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 754 )

Imidosulphamide, NH2 SO2 NH S02 NH2

"Sulphamide" of Traube

Very sol in H2O with decomp appreci-
ably sol in coldL easily sol in hot methyl and
ethyl alcohol Insol in C6H6, and CHC13 SI
sol in ether, cold and hot acetic ether and
glacial acetic acid Moderately stable toward
alkalies (Hantzsch and Stuer, B 1905, 38
1022 )

Ammonium imidosulpliainide,

NHiSoC^NsH,
(Hantzch and Stuer )

Irnidosulphonic acid,

Ammondisulphomc acid of Claus Known
only in aqueous solution (Divers and Haga,
Chem Soc 61 943 )

Very unstable (Berglund, B 9 252 )

Ammonium, imidosulphonate, basic,

(NH4)N(SOSNH4)2

Sol in 9 pts of H2O Solution is stable

Insol m alcohol

SI sol in warm cone H2S04 without de-
comp (Rose, Pogg 1834, 32 81 )

Much less sol than the neutral salt (Berg-
lund, B 9 255 )

+H20 Gradually efflorescent Sol in
H20 with subsequent decomp (Divers and
TT)

Ammonium imidosulphonate, HN"(S08NH4)2
Sol in H20 (Raschig, A 241 161 )

Ammonium barium imidosulphonate,

NH4BaN(S03)2(?)

Very si sol m H20 (Divers and Haga )
(NH4)2Ba6N4(S03)8+8H20 (D and H )

Ammonium calcium imidosulphonate
(Divers, Chem Soc 1892, 61 968 )

Ammonium, sodium imidosulphonate,
NH4Na6N2(S03)4+7H20, and 2

Very si sol in NH4OH+Aq (Divers and
Haga)

Ammonium sodium imidosulphonate nitrate,

HN(S03NH4)2, NaN08
Very sol in H20 (Divers and Haga )

Banum imidosulphonate, Ba[N(SO3)2Ba]2-f
5H2O

SI sol in H2O (Berglund, B 9 255 )
Sol in dil HN034-Aq without decomp

[Divers and Haga )
HN(SO3)2Ba+H2O Moderately sol m

H2O (D and H )

Banum mercury imidosulphonate,

N2Hg(S03)4Ba2

Almost msol m cold H20 (Divers and
Haga, Chem Soc 1892, 61 977 )

Janum sodium imidosulphonate.
BaiiNa8Nio(SO,)io+13HiO
aringly sol m H2O Readily sol in
HN03 or HC1 (Divers, Chem Soc 1892,

IMIDOSULPHOPHOSPHATE, AMMONIUM HYDROGEN

397

Calcrmn raiidosulphonate, Ca[N(S03)2Ca]2-f-

6H2O
SI sol inH20 (Berglund)

Calcium mercury imidosulphonate,

N2Hg[(S08)2Ca]2

Very sol in H20 (Divers and Haga,
Chem Soc 1896, 69 1629 )

Calcium mercury imidosulphonate chlonde,

(NS2O6Ca)8Hg2Cl+12H20
Decomp by H20 (Divers and Haga.
Chem Soc 1896,69 1629)

Calcium sodium imidosulphonate.

NaN(SOs)2Ca-!-3H20
SI sol in cold H20 (Divers and Haga,
Chem Soc 61 968)

Lead umdosulphonate, (PbOHS03)2NPbOH
Ppt (Berglund )

Insol in H2O (Divers and Haga )
(PbOH)3N(S08)2, PbO Insol in H20,

easily sol in dil HN03+Aq (D andH)

Mercurous imidosulphonate, basic.

[Hg2N(S03)2Hg2]20+6H20
Much more sol in dil HN03 than mer-
curic salt Sol in cold cone JKI+Aq,
leaving half Hg as metal (Divers and Haga,
Chem Soc 1895, 69 1631 )

Mercuric imidosulphonate, basic,

NH(S03, HgO),Hg
Easily decomp (Diveis and Haga )

Mercuromercunc imidosulphonate,

(Dive rs ind

TTijiN -O IL (), |HriN(808)JIg2,
HgnJSHhOj^llK JU-r-()II O (Divers and
Haga)

Mercury sodium imidosulphonate, basic,

Slightly (IHoKsunt D«ornp by long
washing with JI () Much moi< icodily sol
in HC1 th in in II NO , 01 II*S()4 md is wholly
decomp then by (IJivcib ind ILigi, Chem
Soc 1892, 61 9X3)

Mercury sodium imidosulphonate,

Spirmjjy b<>l in cold II ()

Readily sol m UNO, imlinJIGl

Deoomp by IIC1 immodi ite ly. but not

by HNO3 (Divers ind Hag% Chem Soc

1892, 61 9S1 )

Potassium imidosulphonate, basic,

KN(S03K)2+H20
Sol m H20 (Raschig, A 241 161 )
Less sol than neutral salt (Berglund )

Potassium imidosulphonate, HN(S08K)2
Sol in H20 (Raschig, A 241 161 )
« Potassium ammon^sulphonate of Clans
Difficultly sol in cold H2O, sol in 64 pts

H20 at 23* (Fremy ) Gradually decomp

by boihng (Claus)

SI sol m H20 (Berglund, B 9 255 )

Potassium mercury imidosulphonate,
N2Hg(S03K)4+4H20
\e Mercurimidosulphomc acid.

Silver imidosulphonate, AgN(S03Ag)2
SI sol inH20 (Berglund)

Silver sodium imidosulphonate,

NaN(S08Ag)2

SI sol inH20 (Divers and Haga )
AgNa2N(SOs)2 SI sol m H20, but more
sol than the two preceding salts (D and H )

Sodium imidosulphonate, HN(S08Na)2+
2H20

Not efflorescent Very sol rnH20 (Diver
and Haga )

NaN(S03Na)2+12H20 Efflorescent SI
sol in cold H20, but very sol in hot H2O
Sol in 5 4 pts H20 at 27 5° (Divers and

Sodium strontium imidosulphonate,

SrNaNS2O6-f3H20

SI sol m H20 (Divers, Chem Soc
1896, 69 1625 )

Strontium imidosulphonate,

Sr[N(S03)2Sr]2+6H20
SI sol in H2O (Berglund )
+12H2O Somewhat sol in hot H2O
(Divers, Chem Soc 1896, 69 1623 )

ImidoinsulphooriAophosphonc acid,

NH P(SH)3

In&ol in Cfe^ and reidily decomp by H20
(Stock, B 1000, 39 1991 )

Ammonium imido/nsulphoo? i/iophosphate,

Vc ry hydroscopic
Loses NH3 m the air
Somewh it sol m liquid NH3
Decomp by my other solvent in which
itibsol (Stock, B 1906,39 1983)

hydrogen unido/nsulphoori/io-
phosphate, SHP(SNH4)2NH
(Stock, B 1906, 39 1983 )

Ammonium (^hydrogen
SNH4P(SH)2NH

(Stock )

IMIDOSULPHOPHOSPHATE, SODIUM HYDROGEN

Zhjsodium hydrogen imido£nsulphcor2/i0plios~

phate, SHP(SNa)2NH
Very easily sol inH20 Decomp byH2O
Somewhat sol in methyl and ethyl alcohol
(Stock )

JDiimidopentasulphopyr0phosphonc acid,

P2S5N2H6

Not known in pure state (Stock, B
1906,39 1967)

Ammonium

phate, S[P(SNH4)2NH]2

Very hydroscopic

Sol in cold H20 with decomp (Stock, B
1906, 39 1978 )

Imdosulphurous acid

Ammonium unidosulphite, HN(S02NH4)2

Somewhat deliquescent

Very unstable Easily sol in H20 with
decomp into thiosulphate and amidosul-
phate

Insol in alcohol (Divers and Ogawa,
Chem Soc 1901,79 1100)

Ammonium barium imidosulphite,

Ba(S02NHS02NH4)2
01 -1 H20 (Divers, Chem Soc 1901,

Potassium imidosulphite, NH(SO2K)2
(Divers and Owaga, Proc Chem Soc

1900, 16 113 )

Very sol in H20 (Divers, Chem Soc

1901, 79 1101 )

Imidosulphuryl amide, S204NSH5 =

cone

Sol in NH4OH-f-Aq Decomp by
HC1 Insol in alcohol sat with NH3
(Mente, A 248 265 )

Indie acid

Magnesium indate, MgIn204+3H2O

Ppt Insol m H20 Sol in HCl+Aq
(Renz, B 1901, 34 2764 )

Indium, In

Does not decomp hot H2O

Sol m dil HC1, and H2S04+Aq Decomp
by cone F2S04 Easily sol in HN03+Aq
Insol in acetic acid Insol in KOH-j-Aq
(Wmkler, J pr 102 273)

Insol in liquid NH8 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 830)

l/i ccm oleic acid dissolves 0 0039 g In in
6 days (Gates, J phys Chem 1911, 15
143)

Indium wowobromide, InBr

Decomp by hot H20 Easily sol in acids
Easily sol in cold cone HC1 (Thiel, Z
anorg 1904, 40 328 )

Indium ^bromide, InBr2

Decomp byhofrH2Q Easily sol in acids
(Thiel, Z anorg 1904, 40 329 )

Indium fnbromide, InBr8
Deliquescent Very sol in H20

Indium monocblcnde, InCl

Dehquescent Decomp by H2O into InCl8
and In (Nilson and Pettersson, Chem Soc
43 820)

Indium d&chloride, InCls

Deliquescent in moist air, decomp by F20
mto InCls and In (Nilson and Pettersson,
Chem Soc 43 818 )

Indium ^nchlonde, InCl8

Very deliquescent, sol in HgO with hissing
and great evolution of heat

Indium lithium chloride

Extremely deliquescent Sol in H20
(Meyer, A 150 144 )

Indium potassium chloride, 3KC1, InCl84-

Easily sol in H2O (Mever )

Indium influonde, InF3-|-3H20

Sol m H20, readily decomp (Thiel, B
1904, 37 175 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 86 4 g at 25° Decomp
on boiling (Thiel, Z anorg 1904, 40 331 )

+9H20 SI sol mcoldH2O

Sol m HC1 and in HN03

Insol m alcohol and ether (Chabrie1,
C R 1905, 140 90 )

Indium hydrosulphide

Decomp by acids (Meyer )

Indium hydroxide, In206He

Sol m acids, also m KOH, or NaOH+Aq
but the solution clouds up on standing or
boiling, with separation of In2O6H6 Insol in
NH4OH, or NH4Cl+Aq

SI sol mNH4OH+Aq (Renz, B 1904,37
2110)

SI sol in alkylammes but completely ppt
by addition of the hydrochlonde of the base
(Renz, B 1903, 36 2754 )

Indium raonoiodide, Inl

Slowly decomp m moist air Not attacked
by boiling H^O

Sol in dil HN03 in presence of AgNOs
Very slowlv sol m cold, more rapidly sol in

IODAURICYANIDE, BARIUM

399

hot acids with evolution of H2 Very sol in
sulphurous acid

Insol in alcohol ether and chloroform
(Thiel, 2 anorg 1910, 66 302 )

Indium cfoiodide, InI2

(Thiel, Z anorg 1910, 66 302 )

Indium tfniodide, Inls

Deliquescent (Meyer )

Sol inCHCls Decomp byxylene (Thiel,
Z anorg 1904,40 330)

Indium nitride, InN

Decomp by heat (Franz Fischer, B
1910,43 1469)

Indium monoxide, InO

Gradually sol m HCl+Aq (Wmkler, J
pr 94 1 )

Indium sesquioxide, In203

Slowly sol in cold, easily in hot acids
Four modifications

(1) Yellow Amorphous Sol in acids
Its hydroxide is insol in ammonia and NBUC1

(2) White Amorphous Insol in acids

(3) White Amorphous Sol in acids
Its hydroxide is sol in ammonia, but pptd by
NH4C1

(4) Crystallized Crystalline modification
is msol in acids (Renz, B 1904, 37 2112 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 830 )

Indium oxide, In7O9=3InO, 2In2O3 (?)
(Wmkler )
In4O6 = 2InO, In2O3 (?) (Wmkler)

Indium oxybromide (?)

Not dccomp by hot icida or alkalies
(Meyer, A 150 137)

Indium oxychlonde, InOCl

Very si sol in H2O (Ihiel, B 1904, 37
176)

Vciy si sol in (old 01 hot dil acids
Quickly sol in hot cone Kids (Ihul, Z
anorg 1004, 40 527 )

Indium tfnselemde, In Scj

Sol in strong acids with evolution of H^Sc
(Ihiel, 2 anorg 1910,66 315)

Dundium sulphide, 11128

Sol in acids (Ihiel, Z inorg 1904, 40
326)

Indium wottosulphide, InS

Easily sol in HC1 with evolution of H2S
Sol in HNO3 with evolution of oxides of

nitrogen (Thiel, Z anorg 1910, 66 314)

Indium sesgmsulphide, In2S3
Partially sol in (NH4)2S+Aq

Indium potassium sulphide, InA, K2S

Insol in H20, decomp by weak acids with
separation of In2S3, sol m cone acids
(Schneider, J pr (2) 9 209 )

Indium silver sulphide, In2S3, Ag2S
Insol in H20 (Schneider, I c )

Indium sodium sulphide, In2S3, Na2S-f-2H2O
Insol in H20 (Schneider, I c )

Indium wottotellunde, InTe

Sol in HN03, insol in HCl+Aq (Thiel,
Z anorg 1910, 66 318 )

Infusible white precipitate

, NHI2
Decomp by H20

lodammomum iodide, NIH3I

Decomp by H2O, caustic alkahes, and
acids Sol in KI+Aq, alcohol, ether CS2,
CHC13 (Guthrie, Chem Soc (2) 1 239 )

lodaunc acid, HAuI4 (?) *

Not known with certainty

Ammonium lodaurate

Deliquescent Decomp by H20 (John-
ston, Phil Mag (3) 9 266 )

Barium lodaurate
Sol m BaI2+Aq

Caesium lodaurate, CsAul4

(Gupta, J Am Chcm Soc 1914, 36 748 )

Ferrous lodaurate
bol in HjO (Johnston )

Potassium lodaurate, KAul*

D( romp by II2O Sol m KI, and HI+A

(Johnston )

Sodium lodaurate

Vciy deliquescent (Johnston )

lodauricyanhydric acid, HAu(CN)2I
Known only in its salts

Barium lodauncyamde, Ba[Au(CN)2I2]2+

10H2O

SI sol in cold, easily in hot H2O Easily
sol m alcohol (Lmdbom, Lund Umv Arsk
12 No 6)

400

IODAURICYANIDE, CALCIUM

Calcium lodauncyamde,

10H20
Not stable (L )

Ca[Au(CN)2I2]2+

Cobalt lodauncyamde, Co[Au(CN)2I2]2-|-

10H3O

Most insol of all lodauncyamdes, and only
si sol in warm H20 Easily sol in alcohol

Potassium lodauncyamde, KAu(CN)2l2-f-

E20

SI sol in cold, easily sol in warm H2O and
alcohol (L )

Strontium lodauncyamde, Sr[Au(CN)2l2]2+

10H20
SI sol in cold, more easily in hot H2O

lodhydnc Acid, HI

Very easily and quickly absorbed by H2O,
with evolution of much heat

Solution is decomp on exposure to the air

1 vol H20 absorbs 450 vols HI at 10°
(Thomson )

I vol H20 absorbs 425 vols HI at 10°
(Berthelot, C R 76 679 )

Weak or strong solutions when boiled in an
atmosphere of H leave a residue of constant
composition, which distils unchanged at 126°
(de Luynes), at 127° (Roscoe, Chem Soc 13
146, Naumann, Topsoe), at 128° (Bineau, A
ch (3) 7 266) , and has a sp gr of 1 67 (Nau-
mann), of 1 70 (Bineau, de Luynes), of 1 708
(Topsoe), and contains 56 26 % HI (Bineau),
57 0% HI (Roscoe), 57 75% HI (Topsoe )

By conducting dry H gas through the
aqueous solution of HI, a constant residue is

Solution in H20 sat at 0° has sp gr - 1 99
(de Luynes, A ch (4) 2 385), 2 0 (Vigier)

Sp gr ofHI-f-Aq

Sp gr

%HI

Temp

1 017

2 286

13 5°

1 0524

7 019

13 5

1 077

10 15

13 5

1 095

12 21

13

1 102

13 09

13 5

1 126

15 73

13 5

1 164

19 97

13 5

1 191

22 63

13 8

1 225

25 86

13 8

1 2535

28 41

13 5

1 274

30 20

13 5

1 309

33 07

13

1 347

36 07

13

1 382

38 68

13

1 413

40 45

13

1 451

43 39

13

1 4865

45 71

13

1 528

48 22

13

1 542

49 13

13 5

1 5727

50 75

13

1 603

52 43

12 5

1 630

53 93

14

1 674

56 15

13 7

1 696

57 28

13

1 703

57 42

12 5

1 706

57 64

13 7

1 708

57 74

12

(Topsoe, B 3 403 )

Sp gr of HI+Aq at 15°

ODcamea, containing ou o-ou / 70 -EH n temp
is 15-19°, and 58 2-58 5% HI if temp is

%HI

Sp gr

%HI

Sp gr

%HI

Sp LT

100° (Roscoe )

1

1 008

21

1 175

41

1 414

Solubility of HI in H2O at t°

2
3

1 015
1 022

22
23

1 185
1 195

42
43

1 429
1 444

t

% HI

Solid Phase

4

1 029

24

1 205

44

1 459

5

1 037

25

1 216

45

1 475

-10

20 3

Ice

6

1 045

26

1 227

46

1 491

-20

29 3

7

1 053

27

1 238

47

1 508

-30

35 1

8

1 061

28

1 249

48

1 525

-40

39

9

1 069

29

1 260

49

1 543

-50

42

10

1 077

30

1 271

50

1 561

-60

44 4

11

1 085

31

1 283

51

1 579

-70

46 2

12

1 093

32

1 295

52

1 597

-80
-60

47 9
52 6

Ice -f HI, 4H2O
HI, 4H2O

13

14

1 102
1 110

33
34

1 307
1 320

53
54

1 615
1 634

-40

59

15

1 118

35

1 333

55

1 654

-35 5

64

16

1 127

36

1 346

56

1 674

-40

65 5

17

1 137

37

1 359

57

1 694

-49

-48

66 3
70 3

HI,4H,0-fHI,3H,0
HI, 3H2O

18
19

1 146
1 155

38
39

1 372
1 386

58

1 713

-56

73 5

HI, 3H20+HI, 2H20

20

1 165

40

1 400

-52

74

HI, 2H2O

(Topsoe calculated by Gerlach Z anal 27

(Pickering, B 1893, 26 2307 )

316)

IODATE, AMMONIUM

401

Sp gr ofHI+Aqat!5°

Sp gr of HI08-{-Aq at 15°

%HI

Sp gr

%HI

^p gr

%HI

Sp gr

% 1*05

Sp gr

% I208

Sp gr

5
10
15
20

1 045
1 091
1 138
1 187

25

30
35
40

1 239
1 296
1 361

1 438

45
50
52

1 533
1 650
1 700

1

5
10
15
20
25
30

1 0053
1 0263
1 0525
1 1223
1 2093
1 2773
1 3484

35
40
45
50
55
60
65

1 4428
1 5371
1 6315
1 7356
1 8689
1 9954
2 1269

Only a "moderate degree of accuracy" is

253)

+2H20 Mpt-43° (Pickering, B 1893,

26 2308)

+3H20 Mpt —48° (Pickering )
+4H20 Mpt —36 5° (Pickering )

lodic acid, HI08

Very sol in H20 and alcohol

100 g H20 dissolve 286 1 g HI08 at 13 5°
Sp gr of HI08-fAq =2 4256

100 g H20 dissolve 293 g HI08 at 18°
Sp gr of HIOa+Aq ==24711

(Groschuff, Z anorg 1905, 47 337)

Solubility of HI08 in H20 at t°

Solid phase

t°

G HlOam

100 t of the
solution

G I2O6 in

100 g of the
solution

ice

— 0 30

1 78

1 69

— 0 67

4 35

4 13

— 1 01

7 17

6 81

— 1 90

17 66

16 75

— 2 38

27 65

26 22

— 4 72

54 19

51 42

— b 32

60 72

57 61

—12 25

71 04

67 40

— H 5

72 2

68 5

— lr>

7? 8

70 0

—10

7(> 2

72 3

ice+IIIO,

—14

72 8

69 1

HIO3

0

74 1

70 3

i

+ !<>

75 (>

71 7

i

40

77 7

73 7

<>0

80 0

75 9

SO

82 5

78 3

S5

8* 0

78 7

i

101

85 2

80 8

HlOa+JUjOg

no

St) 5

82 1

HI3<>8

1-25

87 2

82 7

<

140

S8 *

S* 8

i

!()()

W 5

85 9

(Groschuff,/ diioig 1905,47 343)

Sat solution has sp gr 2 842 it 12 5°, and
boils at 104 ° (Ditte, B 6 1533 ) Sat solu-
tion has sp gr 2 1629 (1 874 pts I20a in 1 pt
H20) at 13°, and boils at 100° (Kammerer
Pogg 138 400)

(Kammerer )

According to Thomsen (B 7 71) solutions
of HIOs have sp gr —

HIO8+ 10H20 = 16609
EIO8+ 20H20 = 13660
HIO8+ 40H20 = 11945
HlOs-f 80H20 = 11004
HI08+160H20 = 10512
HI08+320H20 = 10258

H2S04 at nearly boiling temp dissolves V»
its weight of lodic acid (Millon )

Solubility in HN03 containing 27 73% HNO3
100 g of the sat solution contain at
0° 20° 40° 60°
18 21 27 38 g HI08

Solubility in HNO3 containing 40 88% HNO8

100 g of the sat solution contain at

0° 20° 40° 60°

9 10 14 18 g HI08

(Groschuff, Z anorg 1905, 47 344)

Less sol m HNOS than H2O, nearly insol
m anhydrous HNO8 (Groschuff, Z anorg
1905, 47 347 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 830 )

TJnattacked and undissolved by liquid NO2
(Frankland, Chom Soc 1901, 79 1362 )

Insol in absolute alcohol Alcohol of 35°
B dissolves half its weight in HIO8 (Kam-
mei or )

(OiossdnifT, / mojg 1005,

UK),, 1 Or
47 Hi)

lodates

1 he ill kali lodates are sol in H/), the others
au si sol 01 insol therein

Aluminum lodate, A1(IOS)3 (0
Deliquescont (Berzehus )

Ammonium lodate, NHJ03

SI sol m H2O Sol in 38 5 pts H2O at 15°,
69 pts at 100° (Rammelsberg, Pogg 44
555)

IODATE, AMMONIUM

>f NH4I08 in HIOg+Aq at 30°

sTBUIOs

i the
ution

Solid phase

20

NH4I03

89

(i

83

NHJOa+NHJOs, 2HI03

86

75

53

NHJO

2HI08

94

09

89

62

41

39

37

31

NH4I08, 2HI03+HIO8

HIO8

irg, Z anorg 1905, 45 341 )
Ditte, A ch (6) 21 146 )

old H20 (Ditte, A ch (6) 21

'niodate, NH4H2(IO8)3

0 (Blomstrand, J pr (2) 42

solubility m H1O8, under Am-
te (Meerburg )

obalt lodate

by H20 Insol m alcohol

manganic lodate, Mn(IO8)4

I in H20 Insol in HIO3 (Berg.
L28 675)

oxy^mercunammomum lodate
mercunammomum ammonium

ellunum lodate
[luxate, ammonium

odate selenate
lenate, ammonium

e, Ba(I08)2

j salt is sol m 1746 pts H2O at
pts H20 at 100° (Rammelsberg.
r), m 3018 pts H2O at 13 5°, and
) at 100° (Kremers, Pogg 84

Solubility of Ba(I03)2 m H20 100 g sat
Ba(I03)2+ A.q at t° contain g anhydrous
Ba(I03)2

t°

If

t°

If

t°

J|

Eutectic pomt
— 0046° =*= 0002°
+10°
20°
25°

0 008
0 014
0 022
0 028

30°
40
50
60°

0 031
0 041
0 056
0 074

70°
80°
90°
*99 2°

0 093
0 115
0 141
0 197

*Bpt at 735 mm pressure = about 100° at
760 mm pressure

(Anschutz, Z phys Ch 1906, 66 241 )

1 1 sat aq solution contains 0 284 g
Ba(I03)2 at room temp (Hill and Zmk, J
Am Chem Soc 1909, 31 44 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 0 3845 g Ba(I08)2 at
25° (Harkins and Winmnghof, J Am
Chem Soc 1911, 33 1828 )

Easily sol m cold HCl+Aq, difficultly sol
m warm HNOs+Aq (Rammelsberg )

Insol mH2S04 (Ditte)

100 cc NH4OH+Aq (sp gr =090) dis-
solve 0 0199 g Ba(IO3)2 (Hill and Zmk )

Solubility in salts +Aq at 25°
C = concentration of salt in salt solution
expressed m equivalents per 1

S— solubility of Ba(I08)2 in salts +Aq ex-
pressed in equivalents per 1

Salt

C

&

Ba(NO8)o

0 001
0 002
0 005
0 020
0 050
0 100
0 200

0 001362
0 001212
0 0009753
0 0006744
0 0006131
0 0005659
0 0005580

KN08

0 002
0 010
0 050
0 200

0 001624
0 001820
0 002640
0 003190

KIO8

0 00010608
0 0005304
0 0010608

0 001510
0 001242
0 0009418

(Harkins and Winmnghof, J Am Chem Soc
1911,33 1829)

Insol in alcohol

100 cc 95% alcohol dissolve 00011 g
Ba(IO3)2 at zoom temp (Hill and Zmk )

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014)

+H20 Sol m 3333 pts H20 at 18°, and
625 pts H2O at 100° (Gay-Lussac, A ch
91 5)

Insol m acetone (Naumann, B 1904,
37 4329)

IODATE, COBALTOUS

403

Barium manganic lodate,

Sat solution contains at

Mn(IO,)«, Ba(I03)2

0°

10°

18°

ao°

Insol m H20
Insol m HI03 (Berg, C R 1899, 128

0 1

40°

0 17
50°

0 25

54°

0 42% Ca(I03)2,
60°

675)

0 61

0 89

0 14

1 36% Ca(I08)2

Bismuth lodate, basic

Insol m H20 Very difficultly sol in
HNOs-i-Aq (Rammelsberg, Pogg 44 568 )

Bi(IO8)8+lHH20 Insol inH20

Cadmium lodate, Cd(I03)2

Very si sol in H20 Easily sol in HN08,
or NH4OH+Aq Sol in Cd(C2H802)2+
Aq (Rammelsberg, Pogg 44 566 )

+H2O SI sol in H2O Very sol in dil
HNOs+Aq (Ditte, A ch (6) 21 145 )

Cadmium lodate ammonia, Cd(I08)2, 2NH8
Insol in H20 , sol m NH4OH + Aq (Ditte )

A ch (6) 21 145 )
Cd (IO8) 2, 2NH3 +H20 As above (Ditte

Caesium lodate, CsI03

100 pts H20 dissolve 2 6 pts CsI03at24°
Insol in alcohol (Wheeler, Sill Am J 144
123)

2CsIO3, 1205 100 pts H20 dissolve 2 5 pts
at 21° Not decomp by hot H20 (Wheeler )

2CsIO3, Ii08, 2HI03 SI sol m cold H20
and decomp thereby into 2CsI03, I2O6
(Wheeler )

Caesium icdate chloride, CsCl, HI03

Decomp by H20 into 2CsI03,
(Wheeler )

I205

Caesium hydrogen lodate penodate,

HCsIO,, 104+2IE,0

Ppt Sol m dil IINO3 (Wells, Am Ch
J 1901, 26 2SO )

Calcium lodate, Ca(lO8)j

100 pts dissolve 022 pt a,fc 18°. md
0986 pt it KM) (Giy-Iufesw) Sol m
cone IICH-Aq (Iilhol) Much inoie bol
m HNOa+Aq Hi in in f[ () (R unmdsberg )
Insol m II^SO! (Oitfcc ) Sc uccly sol m
sat KIOj + Aq (Sonstadt, C N 29 200)

-f-H2O S it solution contains Jit
21° -Jr)° 10° 45°

0 48 0 52 0 54%Ci(103)2,

S()° 100°

0 79 0 94% Ca(I03)j

(Myhus iml I'unk, B 1897,30 1724)

0 37

50°
0 59

60°
0 65

+6H2O Efflorescent
Sol in 253 pts H2O at 15°, and 75 pts at
100° (Rammelsberg )

(Myhus and Funk, B 1897, 30 1724 )

Much more sol in HNOa+Aq Pptd by
alcohol from Ca(IO8)2-f-Aq

Insol m H2S04 (Ditte )

Pptd by alcohol from aqueous solution
(Henry)

Cerous lodate, Ce(I08)8-f 2H2O

SI sol in cold, easily sol in hot H20 and in
acids (Holzmann, J pr 715 321 )

Solubility m H20 100 cc of the sat
solution contain 0 1456 g at 25° (Runbach,
Z phys Ch 1909, 67 199 )

Calc from electrical conductivity of
Ce(I08)s-f Aq , 100 cc of the sat solution
contain 0 1636 g Ce(I03)s at 25° (Rim-
bach, Z phys Ch 1909, 67 199 )

Cenc lodate, Ce(I08)4

Shghtlv hydrolyzed by H20

0 34 g is sol in 100 CP hot cone HNO«
(Barbieri, Chem Soc 1907, 92 (2) 467 )

Cobaltous lodate, Co(IO8)2

Anhydrous Sol in warm dil H8P04, or
H2S04+Aq (Ditte, A ch (6) 21 14 )

Solubility m H20

Form

Temp

Co(&8)

Mols of
water free
salt to 100
mols H2O

Co(IO,)2+4HaO

0°

0 54

0 028

18°

0 83

0 038

30°

1 03

0 046

50°

1 46

0 065

60°

1 86

0 084

65°

2 17

0 098

Co(IO3)2+2H2O

0°

0 32

0 014

18°

0 45

0 020

50°

0 52

0 023

50°

0 67

0 030

75°

0 84

0 038

100°

1 02

0 045

Co(IO,)

18°

1 0^

0 046

30°

0 89

0 040

50°

0 85

0 036

75°

0 75

0 033

100°

0 69

0 031

(Meusscr, B 1901, 34 2435 )

+H2O Sol m 148 pts H20 at 15° and
90 pts at 100° Sol inNH4OH+Aq (Ram-
melsberg, Pogg 44 561 )

Does not exist (Meusser, B 1901, 34
2434)

+2H2O (Meusser )

+4H 0 (Meusser )

404

IODATE, CUPRIC, BASIC

Cupnc lodate, basic, 6CuO, 3I206+2H2O
Insol in H2O (Millon, A ch (3) 9 400 )
Mixture of CuO and Cu(I08)2 (Ditte,

A ch (6) 21 175 )
2CuO, I2O54-H20 Slowly sol in dil

H2S04 (Granger and de Schulten, Bull

Soc 1904, (3) 31 1027 )

Cupnc lodate, Cu(J03)2

1 1 H2O dissolves 3 32 XlO 3 mol Cu(I03)2
at 25° (Spencer, Z phys Ch 1913, 83
295)

Solubility in CuSO4-fAq=3 28X10 3 mol
per 1 at 25°

Solubility in KI08-f Aq<=329XlO 3 mol
perl at 25° (Spencer)

+H20 (Ditte)

+2H2O Sol in 302 pts H2O at 15° and
154 pts at 100° Sol HI HC1 +Aq or NH4OH
+Aq (MiUon )

Cupnc icdate ammonia, Cu(I03)2, 2NHS+

H20

Insol ui H2O (Ditte, A ch (6) 21 145 )
Cu(I03)2, 4NF3+2H20 Ppt (Ephraim,

B 1915, 48 52 )

+3H2O PartiaUy sol ni H«0 Sol in

NELOH+Aq Insol in alcohol (Rammels-

[03)2, 5NH8 (Ephraim )
[08)2, 8NH8+4H20 SolinH20 Sol
^OH+Aq Insol m alcohol (Ditte,
A ch (6) 21 145 )

Decipium lodate, Dp(I08)3-|-3H2O(?)

Precipitate, scarcely sol in H20 (Dela-
fontaine )

Didymium lodate, Di(I08)8+2H20
Ppt (Cleve )

Erbium lodate, Er(I03)3+3H2O
Very si sol in H20 (Hoglund )

Glucinum lodate
Deliquescent

Indium lodate, In(I03)8

1 pt is sol in 1500 pts H20 at 20°

1 pt is sol in 150 pts HNO3 (1 5) at 80°

Sol in HC1 with decomp Sol in dd

H2S04 (Mathers, J Am Chem Soc 1908,

30 213)

Iodine lodate, I(I08)8

Decomp by H2O or by alcohol
Z anorg 1915, 91 142 )

(Fichter,

Iron (ferrous) lodate

Ppt SI sol in H2O, more sol in FeSO4+
Aq (Geiger, Mag Pharm 29 252 )

Iron (feme) lodate, Fe2O3, 1206

Insol in acids (Ditte, A ch (6) 21 145 )
Fe20s, 2I2O5+8H20 Sol in 500 pts H20

Difficultly sol inHN03+Aq Sol inFeC!8+

Aq (Geiger )

3Fe203, 5I2Ofi-fl5H20 Sol in HC1, or

HNO8+Aq (Rammelsberg )

Lanthanum lodate, La(I03)8+lJ^H20

SI sol in cold, easily sol in hot H20
Very sol in warm HCl-f-Aq (Holzmann, J
pr 75 349 )

100 cc of the sat solution in H20 contain
0 1681 g at 25° (Rimbach, Z phys Ch
1909, 67 199 )

Calc from electrical conductivity of
La(I08)8+Aq, 100 cc of the sat solution
contain 01871 g La(IO8)8 at 25° (Rim-
bach)

Lead lodate, basic, 3PbO, Pb(I08)2+2H20
Ppt (StrcSmholm, Z anorg 1904, 38 442 )

Leadiodate, Pb(I03)2

Very si sol in H20 (Pleischl), and dif-
ficultly sol in HN08+Aq (Rammelsberg )

Insol inH20 and H2SO4+Aq Very si
sol in HN08+Aq, and wholly msol therein
after being heated to 100° (Ditte, A ch
(6) 21 169 )

SI sol in H20 1 83X10-2 are dissolved in
1 liter of sat solution at 20° (BcJttger. Z
phys Ch 1903, 46 603 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 19 mg Pb(I08)2 at 18°
(Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1904, 50 356 )

17 8 mg are otissolved in 1 1 sat solution
at 18° (Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1908, 64
168)

1 1 H20 dissolves 0 0307 g Pb(I03)2 at
25° (Harkms, J Am Chem Soc 1911, 33
1830)

Solubility of Pb(IO3)2 in salts+Aq at 25°
C = concentration of salt in salt solution

expressed m equivalents per 1
S=solubihty of Pb(I03)2 m salt solution

expressed m equivalents per 1

Salt

c

b

Pb(N08)2

0 0001
0 001
0 010
0 100
0 500
3 0

0 0000870
0 0000411
0 0000185
0 000016
0 000028
0 000015

KN03

0 002
0 010
0 050
0 200

0 0001141
0 0001334
0 0002037
0 0002544

KI03

0 00005304
0 0001061

0 0000697
0 0000437

(Harkms and Winmnghof, J Am Chem Soc
1911,33 1830)

IODATE, POTASSIUM

' 405

Insol in liquid NH8
1898, 20 828 )

(Gore, Am Ch J

cone HIOs+Aq

5)

(Lefort, J Pharm

1845

Lithium lodate, LiI03+HH20
Deliquescent, and very sol in H20
Sol in 2 pts cold, and not much less hot

H2O Insol in alcohol (Rammelsberg.

Pogg 44 555)
Sp gr of solution sat at 18° = 3 568, con-

taining 446% LiIOs 100 g H20 dissolve

80 3 pts LiI03 (Myhus and Funk, B 1897,

30 1718)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

+H2O Very deliquescent (Ditte, A ch
(6) 21 145 )

Magnesium lodate, Mg(I08)2
Anhydrous Insol in H2O (Millon, A

ch (3) 9 422 )

+4H20 Very sol in H2O fDitte )
Sol in 9 43 pts H20 at 15°, and 3 04 pts

at 100° (Berzehus ) Very si sol m HjO

(SeruUas, A ch 45 279 ) Easily sol in dd

H2S04-f Aq (Ditte )

Sat solution contains at
0° 10° 20°

68 64 77%Mg(I08)2,

35° 63° 100°

89 12 6 19 3% Mg(I03)2

(Mylms and Funk, B 1897, 30 1722 )

Sat aq solution at 18° contains 6 44%
Mg(IO3)2 or 6 88 g arc sol m 100 g H2O
Sp gr of sat solution = 1 078 (Myhus and
Funk, B 1897, 30 1718)

+10H/) Sat aq solution contains at
0° 20° 30° 35° 50° (m pt )

31 10 2 17 4 21 9 07 5% Mg(IO3),
(MyJiUb and I'unk, B 1897, 30 1723 )

Manganous lodate,

Sol in ibout 200 pts II () (Rammels-
berg )

Insol in H2O uid JINOa-j-Aq, even on
boiling Insol m NJIiOJI+Aa (Difctc)

Manganous manganic lodate,

Mn(IO,)4 Mn(I(),)2

Insol in HO (Bug, G R 1S99, 128
675)

Manganic potassium lodate,

Mn(IO,)4. 2K1O3

Insol in arm only si attacked by H2O
Insol m H1O3 (Berg, C R 1899, 128

674)

Mercurous lodate, Hg2(IO3)2

Insol in boihng H20, or cold HNOs+Aq
Easily sol in dil HCl+Aq Sol in very

Merctinc lodate, Hg(I03)2

Insol in H20 or alcohol (Millon, A ch
(3) 18 367 ) Sol in H20 (Berzehus ) Sol
mdil HCl-j-Aq (Rammelsberg )

Nearly insol in H2O Easily sol in HC1,
HBr, or HI-fAq, very si sol in HN08-|-Aq,
msol in HF, H2SiF6, or HC2H302-hAq Sol
in alkali chlorides, bromides, iodides, cy-
anides, and cyanates+Aq, also in Na&Og,
dil MnCl2, and ZnCl2+Aq Insol m KOH,
NaOH, NH4OH, Na2S, Na2B4O7, Na2HPO4,
and the alkali chlorates, bromates. and lodates
-j-Aq (Cameron, C N 33 253 )

Nickel lodate, Ni(I03)2

Solubility m H2O

Form

Temp

Percent of
Ni(I03)2
in solu
tion

Mols water
free salt to
100 mols
H2O

Ni(IO,)2+4H20

0°

0 73

0 033

tt

18°

1 01

0 045

tc

30°

1 41

0 063

aNi(I03)2+2H2O

0°

0 53

0 023

u

18°

0.68

0 030

a

30°

0 86

0 039

tc

50°

1 78

0 080

|3Ni(I08)2+2H20

8°

0 52

0 023

(C

18°

0 55

0 0245

It

50°

0 81

0 035

It

75°

1 03

0 045

tt

100°

1 12

0 049

Ni(I03)2

30°

1 135

0 050

«

50°

1 07

0 046

tt

75°

1 02

0 045

tt

100°

0 988

0 044

(Meusser, B 1901, 34 2440 )

Sol m 120 3 pts H2O at 15°, and
at 100° (Rammelsberg, Pogg

HN03, and dil H2SO4+Aq

+H20
7735 pts
44 562)

Sol m
(Ditto )

Sol in NH4OH+Aq

Dots not exist (Mcussoi )

+2HjO Sec Mtussci ibovc

+3H2O Insol m H/> Sol m HNO3
(Ditte, A ch 1S90, ((>) 21 100 )

+4H2O See Mcusscr abovt,

Nickel lodate ammonia,
bol in NH4OH4-Aq

(Rammelsberg, Pogg 44
Ni(IO3)2, 5NH3 Ppt

48 53)

+3H20 (Ephraim )

, 4NHS
Insol in alcohol
562 )
(Ephraim, B 1915,

Potassium lodate, KIO8

1 pt KI08 dissolves m 13 pts H2O at 14°

(Gay-Lussac )

406

IODATE, POTASSIUM HYDROGEN

1 pt KIOs diss
0° i
20°

solves at
n21 11 pts
12 29

H2O

Sol in 75 pts H20 at 15° Insol in
alcohol (Serullas, A ch 22 181 )
See also Meerburg under KI03

40°

7 76

60°

5 40

Potassium dihydrogen lodate, KH2(I03)2

80°

4 02

Sol in 25 pts H2O at 15° (Serullas, A ch

100°

3 10

43 117)

Sat solution

boils at 1C

2° (Kremers,

See also Meerburg under KI08

Pogg 97 5)

Sp gr of KIO3-f Aq containing
12345 %KI03,

1 010 1 019 1 027 1 035 1 044
6 7 8 9 10 %KI08

1 052 1 061 1 071 1 080 1 090
(Kremers, Pogg 96 62 )

Stable at 10° in H20 or potassium acetate
^ H-Aq (Eakle, C C 1896, II 649 )

Solubility of KI08 m HIOs+Aq at 30°

More sol in KI+Aq than m H2O Sol in
warm H2SO4H-Aq

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 829 )

Insol m alcohol

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910.43314)

+34H2O (Ditte, C R 70 621 )

Potassium hydrogen lodate, KH(IO3)2

Sol in 18 65 pts H20 at 17° (Meineke, A
261 360)

Potassium tellurium lodate
See lodotellurate, potassium

Potassium uranyl lodate,
KU02(I03)8H-3H20

Decomp by HjjO, dil salt solutions and
U02(NOs)2-|-Aq (Artmann, Z anorg 1913,
79 340)

Potassium lodate chloride, KH(IOS)2, 2KC1
Sol m 19 pts H2O at 15° with decomp

% HIOs

% KIO3

\JOJLQ. aiconoi dissolves ouu J^.\^JL

in the
solution

in the
solution

Solid phase

Potassium lodate molybdate, KI03, Mo03+

0
0 64

9 51
9 48

KI03
KI08-|-KI08, HI08

See Molybdatoiodate, potassium

0 66
0 65

9 52
9 46

Potassium lodate selenate

0 65

8 90

KIO8, HIOS

See lodoselenate, potassium

0 67

6 6

1 14

4 57

Potassium lodate sulphate, KI03 KHS04

1 69
2 02

3 63
3 10

Decomp by H2O (Marignac, J B 1856
299 )

3 34
5 00
7 09

2 14
1 32
1 0

KHI03, KHS04 More sol in H20 than
KHI08 (SeruUas )

8 04
3 47

0 85
3 57

V~T/~\ TTT/"l _LT£"T/*^ OTTT/"\
JtxlU3JtllU3-rJci.lUs, /JulHJ8

KIOs, 2HI08 (labile)

Potassium lodate tungstate

4 80

2 90

See Tungstoiodate, potassium

6 45

1 35

9 35

0 64

KIOs, 2HI03

Rubidium lodate, RbIO3

12 04
17 50
31 20

0 44
0 30
0 52

100 pts H20 dissolve 2 1 pts RbIO3rat
23° Easily sol in cold HCl+Aq (Wheclei
Sill Am J 144 123 )

53 64

0 68

62 52

0 72

76 40

0 80

KI03) 2HI08-f HIO3

Rubidium hydrogen lodate, RbH(I03)2

76 70

0

HI03

SI sol in cold, more readily in hot H20,

RbI03 separating on cooling Insol in alco-
hol (Wheeler )

(Meerburg, Z anorg 1905, 45 330 )

RbH2(I08)3 As above (Wheeler)

Rubidium lodate chloride, RbI03. HC1, or

HI08, RbCl

Decomp by cold H2O (Wheeler )
3RbCl, 2HIO3 Sol m H2O; from which

RbI03 separates (Wheeler )

Rubidium lodate selenate
See lodoselenate, rubidium

Samarium lodate, Sm(I03)3+6H2O
Precipitate (Cleve )

IODATE IODIDE, SODIUM

407

Scandium icdate, Sc(I03)3-f 10, 13, 15, and

18H2O

Nearly insol m H2O (Crookes, Phil
Trans 1910, 210 A, 361 )

(Hill aid Simmons, / phyb Ch 190Q, 67
002)

Insol in liquid Nils (Goie, Am Ch J
189S, 20 >>29 )

Insol in methyl icctatc (Bczold, Dis-
sert 1906, Niummn, K 1<K)9, 42 5700),
ethyl iO(< itc (Ifunus, Dissoit 1906,
Naummn, B 1010,43 *14 )

Silver lodate ammonia, 2AgI03, 3NH8+

Very sol in cold H/) (Ditte, A ch (6)
21 145)

AglO,, 2NIId

SI sol in cone NII4OII+Aq (Roson-
heim, A 1809, 308 52 )

Sodium lodate, NaI03

100 pts HiO dissolve 7 25 pts NaI03 at
14 5° (Gay-Lussac ) 100 pts H2O dissolve
2 52 pts at 0°, 9 07 pts at 20°, 14 39 pts at
60°, 27 7 pts at 80°, 33 9 pts at 100° (Krem-

ers, Pogg 97 5 ) Sat solution boils at 102°
(Kremers), 105° (Ditte)

Sol in warm H2S04+Aq diluted with J^
vol H20 Crystallizes out on standing over
H2S04 (Ditte )

Silver lodate, AgI03
189X10-4 moles or 536X10'2 g AgIO8

Solubility of NaI08 in HI08+Aq at 30°

are sol in 1 liter H20 at 25° (Noyes and

% HIOs

% NalOa

Solid phase

Kohr, 2 phys Ch 1903, 42 338 )
SI sol mH20 435XKHg are dissolved

in the
solution

in the
solution

in 1 liter of sat solution at 20° (Bottger, Z

Q

9 36

NalO -1-1 i/H O

phys Ch 1903, 46 603 )

1 98

9 52

tt 2

1 1 H20 dissolves 40 mg AgI03 at 18°

J. oo

in 99

(t

(Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1904, 60 356 )

5 »fi

J-\J £i£i

U04

ft

1 1 H20 dissolves 0 0275 g AgI08 at 9 43°,
0 039 g at 184°, 0 0539 g at 26 6° Solu-
bility increases rapidly with temp (Kohl-

O O\j

7 40
9 73
6 76

vrx

11 60
14 73
11 18

et "\

u t labile

rausch, Z phvs Ch 1908, 64 168 )
1 1 H20 dissolves 0 039 g AgIOs at 20°

6 66

11 28

Na20,242b6

a

(Whitby, Z anorg 1910, 67 108 )
Not completely insol in H20 (Rose ) Sol

7 80
9 15

10 30
9 00

Na20, 2I206

in NH4OH+Aq, sol in HN08+Aq (Na-

9 93

8 71

tt

quet, J B 1860 201 ) Sol in cone JEQ+Aq

11 20

7 54

n

(Ladenburg, A 135 1 )
Sol in 27.700 pts H20 at 25°, m 42 4 pts
5% NH4OH-fAq at 25°, in 2 1 pts 10%
NH4OH+Aq at 25°, in 10443 pts 35%

11 89
11 75
14 62
23 23

7 21
7 18
5 65
3 69

Na20, 2I2O6+NaI08, 2HI08
NaIOs,2HI08

ENOs+Aq (sp gr 121) at 25° (Longi,

32 68

2 91

t

Gazz ch it 13 87 )

40 91

2 64

t

Solubility m HN03-t-Aq at 256

46 62
55 48

2 67
2 12

'<

NormahU HNOs G AfelOa dissolved per 1

65 47
76 19

1 83
1 42

e

NaI05> 2HI08+HIO,

0 000 0 0503

76 70

0

HIOs

0 125 0 0864
0 250 0 1075

(Meerburg, Z anorg 1905, 45 334 )

0 500 0 1414
1 00 0 2067

Insol in alcohol Sol m dil HC2H80

2 +

2 00 0 3319
4 00 0 0985

Aq
Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann,

B

8AA 1 KC7K

1909,42 3790)

\J\J I. OO t O

+1J^H2O See Meerburg above

Sodium diiodate, Na2O,
See Meerburg under NaIOs

Sodium ^Aiodate, N il()3, 2HIO, + MH O
Voiy sol mJIO (BlomstiamJ, J pr (2)

42 m )

Sec also Meeiburg under NaIO3

Sodium lodate bromide, NaIO3| 2NaBr+

^H/)
Sol m II 2O (Rammelsberg )

Sodium lodate chloride, NaIO2, NaCl+4H2O,

and 2NalO8, 3NaCl+18H8O
Cold H2O dissolves out NaCl

Sodium lodate iodide, NaIOs, Nal

Hot H20 or alcohol dissolves out Nal

+8H20

+10H2O

2NaI08, 3NaI+20H2O (Penny, A 37
202)

408

IODATE, STRONTIUM

Stable in a solution of Nal-f NaOH+Aq
(Eakle, C C 1896, II 650 )

Strontium lodate, Sr(IO3)2

Anhydrous Insol in H2S04 (Ditte) , easily
sol in cold HCl+Aq (Rammelsberg. Pogg
44 575)

+EiO Difficultly sol in H20

-f-6H20 Sol in 416 pts H2O at 15°, and
138 pts at 100° (Gay-Lussac) , 342 pts at 15°,
and 110 pts at 100° Difficultly sol in warm
HNOj+Aq (Raimnelsberg, Pogg 44 575)

Tnallous lodate, TU08

Difficultly sol in warm H20 (Oettmger )

Insol mH2O, difficultly sol inHN08+Aq
(Rammelsberg )

SI sol iHHaO

0 58X10-1 g are dissolved in 1 liter of sat
solution at 20° (Bbttger, Z phys Ch 1903,
46 603)

2 12XKH mols =0667 g are sol in 1 1
H2O at 25° (Spencer, Z phys Ch 1912, 80
707)

Sol in a little NH4OH-t-Aq, also in boiling
HNO8, H2SO4, or HCl+Aq fnsol in alcohol
(Oettinger )

H-J$S20 Very si sol in H20 or dil boil-
ing acids (Ditte, A ch (6) 21 145 )

hallic lodate, basic, Tl(OHXIO8)o+H20«
T1208, 2I205+3H2O

Insol in H2O, sol m cold HCl-f-Aa, and
warm dil H2S04-t-Aq (Ditte, A ch (6) 21
145)

Thalhc lodate, T1(IO8)8+1^ H20

Insol m H20, si sol in HN08+Aq

Decomp by alkalies (Rammelsberg )
-f-12H20 Difficultly sol in H20
Easily sol in dil acids (Gewecke, Z

anorg 1912, 75, 275 )

Thorium lodate, Th(I08)4
Precipitate (Cleve )

Tin (stannous) lodate

Ppt Sol in SnCla+Aq, msol in NaI08+
Aq

Tin (stannic) lodate
Ppt

Uranous lodate

Precipitate Very unstable (Rammels-
berg )

Uranyl lodate, UO2(I08)2

Sol or msol m HN"O3 and H3P04+Aq,
according to method of preparation (Ditte j

+H20 SI sol inHNOs+Aq f Rammels-
berg)

Ytterbium lodate, Yb(I08)8-|-6H20
Ppt (Cleve, Z anorg 1902, 32 136 )

Yttrium lodate, Y(IO8)8-f-3H20
Sol m 190 pts H20 (Berhn )

Zinc lodate, Zn(I08)2

Anhydrous (Ditte, A ch (6) 21 145)
-f 2H20 Sol in 114 pts cold, and 76 pts

hot H2O (Rammelsberg, Pogg 43 665 )
Sol m HN08, and NH4OH+Aq
Exists also in a very sol modification

(Mylius and Funk, B 1897,30 1723)

Zinc lodate ammonia, 3Zn(T08)2, 8NH5

Decomp by H2O, sol in NH4OH+Aq,
from which ib is pptd by alcohol (Rammels-
berg, Pogg 44 563 )

Zn(I08)2, 2NH8 Insol m H20 (Ditte, A
ch (6) 21 145 )

Zn(I08)2, 3NHS+H2O Insol in H20
(Ditte )

Zn(I08)2, 4NH8 (Ditte, A ch 1890, (6)
21 164 ) (Ephraim, B 1915, 48 53 )

Periodic acid
See Periodic acid

Iodides

The iodides are in general easily sol in
H20, exceptions are HgI2, PbI2, Agl, Cu2I2,
and Bils, also the iodides of the Pt metals,
all of which are msol SnI4, SbI8, and T1I8 are
decomp byH2O Many iodides are more sol
m solutions of salts than in H20, and several
are sol in alcohol or ether

See under each element

at 0 12° (Wittstcm J B

Iodine, I2

Sol m 5524 pts
1857 123)

feol in 7000 pts H O r

Sol in 3800 pts HiO at \

Sol in 500 pts H O (Jacquelam )

Sol m 7196 4 pts BaO at 18 75 (Abl )

Pure H20 dissolves 001519173 g I per
litre, or I is sol m 6582 pts H2O at 6 3°
(Dossius and Weith, Zeit Ch 12 378 )

Sol in about 4500 pts H20 (Hager,
Comm 1883 )

Sol m 7000 pts H20 (Cap and Garot, J
Pharm (3) 26 80 )

I 1 H20 at 25° dissolves 03387 g I2
(Jakowkm, Z phys Ch 1895, 18 590 )

I 1 H20 dissolves 1 342 milumols of iodine
at 25° (Noyes, Z phys Ch 1898, 27 359 )

When iodine is shaken with H2O at 15°, 1
pt dissolves in 3750 pts H20, when iodine
and H20 are heated together and then cooled
to 15°, 1 pt iodine dissolves in 3500 pts H2O

At 30°, 1 pt is sol in 2200 pts H2O
(Dietz, Chem Soc 1899, 76, (2) 150 )

1 1 H2O dissolves 0 279 grams I2 at 25°
(McLauchlan, Z phys Ch 1903, 44 617)

IODINE

409

Solubility of I2 in H20 at t°

Solubility in HgCl2-f-Aq at 25°

t°

g

I per 1 H O

10 ccm of the solution contain

18
25
35
45
55

0 2765
0 3395
0 4661
0 6474
0 9222

xmlhmols la

millimols Hg

0 0134
0 1294
0 1460
0 1806
0 2543

0
0 9444
1 2442
1 9542
3 3460

(Hartley, Chem Soc 1908, 93 744 )
Solubility of I2 in H20 at t°

(Herz and Paul, Z anorg 1914, 85 214 )

«

Sol in solutions of soluble iodides
100 pts KE+200 pts H2O dissolve 153
pts I, from this solution H2O precipitates ^

t° g per 1

nulliat per 1

0 0 1649
20 0 2941
40 0 5684

1 30
2 30
4 56

(Fedotieff, Z anorg 1910, 69 30 )

1 32 milhmol I2 are sol in 1 1 B^O (Bray'
J Am Chem Soc , 1910, 32 938 )

Calculated from electrical conductivity of
sab I2+Aq 11 H20 dissolves 0 0006383 mols
I2 at 0° (Jones, J Am Chem Soc 1915, 37
256)

Cone H2S04, HC1, HN03, H3PO4,
HC2H3O2, tartanc, or citric acids +Aq dis-
solve I, but give it up to CS2 on shaking
therewith (Tessier, Z anal 11 313 )

Sol in 150 pts H2SO4 on warming, but
crystallizes out in part on cooling (Kraus )

Much more sol in HBr-j-Aq than in pure
H20, HBr+Aq of sp gr 1486 dissolves
3-4% (Bmeau )

SI sol in HCl+Aq Easily sol in even
dil HI+Aq

1 i 0 001 N-HCl+Aq sat with I2 contains
0338g I (Bray and Mackay, J Am Chem
Soc 1910, 32 1019 )

1101 N-HNOj+Aq sat with I2 contains
0 340 g I (S unmet, Z phys Ch 1905, 53
644)

1101 N-H S()4-|-Aq sat with I c on tuns
0341 g 12 (S unmet)

Sol mH2S03-l-Aqwithdecomp

1 1 0 9 N H8BO3 dissolves 0 300 g I2 at
25° (McLauchlin, Z phys Ch 1903, 44
617)

100 cc of a 10% solution of BaBr2 dis-
solve 0 231 g I2 at 13 5° (Meyer, Z anorg
1902, 30 114 )

100 cc of a 10% solution of BaCl2 dissolve
0 067 g I2 at 18 5° (Meyer )

100 cc of a 10% solution of Balj dissolve
6 541 g I2 it 13 5 ° (Meyer )

100 cc of a 10% solution of CaBr2 dis-
solve 0 274 g I2 at 13 5 ° (Meyer )

100 cc of a 10% solution of CaCl2 dissolve
0 078 g I2 at 18 5° (Meyer )

100 cc of a 10% solution of CaI2 dissolve
8 062 g I2 at 13 5° (Meyer )

Easily sol in boiling dil HgCl2-fAq
(Selmi )

the dissolved I 100 pts KI-f400~pts H2<5
dissolve quickly 76 5 pts I If more water
is present, the solution takes place more
slowly (Baup )
CS2 extracts the I from the above solutions

Solubility of I in KI+Aq at 7-7 3°

%KrmKI-hAq

Pts I dissolved

Sp gr of solution

1 802

1 173

1 0234

3 159

2 303

1 0433

4 628

3 643

1 0668

5 935

4 778

1 0881

7 201

6 037

1 1112

8 663

7 368

1 1382

10 03b

8 877

1 1637

11 034

9 949

1 1893

11 893

11 182

1 2110

12 b43

12 060

1 2293

(Dossius and Wcith, Zeit Ch (2) 5 379 )

Solubility of 12 m KI-|-Aq at loom tempera-
ture, 14 5°-15 1°

% IvI

/<, I

I/KI

1 80

1 17

0 651

* 16

2 30

0 729

4 63

3 04

0 786

5 93

4 7S

0 805

7 20

0 04

0 839

8 66

7 37

0 851

10 04

8 88

0 884

11 03

9 95

0 902

11 89

11 18

0 940

12 64

12 06

0 954

(Weith and Dossius, Z phys Ch 1898, 26
150)

410

IODINE

Solubility of I2 m Kl-f Aq at 15°

Solubility in KI+Aq at 25°

Sp gr

Analysis of liquid
phase

Analysis of solid
phase together with
adhering mother
liquor

%KI

com 1/10 n iodine in
5cmm of the solution

I/KI

10
8
6
4
2
1

35 0
27 1
19 7
12 7
6 25
3 04*

35 0
33 9
32 8
31 8
31 2
30 4

%KI

%l

%KI

%I

(a)

1 733
1 888
2 066
2 216
2 539
2 560
2 665
3 232
3 246

(b)

1 349
1 516
1 769
1 910
2 403
2 904
3 082

(c) Im
3 316

[n equihb

6039
54 415
49 045
44 82
38 065
37 655
35 805
29 71
27 92

In equili

16 025
19 705
22 88
23 55
24 78
24 995
25 18

variant po

26 05
25 96
26 04
25 92

num with

0 0
11 63
23 085
31 01
44 56
45 55
49 61
62 81
66 45

Driiim wit'

18 49
26 16
36 06
40 515
53 605
63 125
66 04

mt Exc<

68 06
68 01
68 16
68 13

excess o

84 92
85 94
80 46
78 56
77 32

39 99
38 78

h. excess

3 04
4 48
3 70
6 49
8 62
4 82
4 00

3SS Of KI

16 14
11 32

fKI

0 0
4 05
6 32
10 84
15 23
16 73

56 10
56 27

of I

85 43
83 87
89 33

sa 62

83 81
92 41
94 39

and I

83 77
86 56

* Obtained with 1/100-normal iodine
(Bruner, Z phys Ch 1898, 26 151 )

Solubility of I2 in KI-f-Aq at 25°

Milhmols KI per hter

Millimols dissolved iodine
per liter

106 3
53 15
26 57
13 29
6 643
3 322
1 661
0 8304

55 28
28 03
14 68
8 003
4 667
3 052
2 235
1 814

(Noyes and Seidenstncker. Z phys Ch 1898.
27 359 1

Solubility in KI+Aq at 25°

(Parsons and Whittemore, J Am Chem
1911,33 1934)

Solubility in KI+Aq at 0°

KI mol /I

I G atoms/1

1 91
2 85
4 51
5 36
5 55

3 29
5 45
11 52
17 12
17 16

(Abegg, Z anorg 1906, 60 427 )

Solubility of I2 m KI+Aq at 25°

Milhmol KI per 1

Millunol I* dissolved

100

51 35

50

25 77

20

11 13

10

6 185

5

3 728

2

2 266

1

1 788

(Bray and MacKay. J \m Chem Soc 1910.
3£ 919 )

KI+Aq

KI +Aq sat with I

Wt norm

Sp gr 0 /4°

G I2 m 1 g
of solution

Sp gr 0 /4

0 09871

(1 0123)

0 01199

(I 0219)

0 09861

1 01231

0 01199

1 02187

0 04969

(1 0061)

0 006094

(1 0109)

0 04966

1 00610

0 006083

1 01089

0 01992

1 00236

0 002535

1 00429

0 01983

(1 0024)

0 0025325

(1 0044)

0 00998

(1 0011)

0 0013532

(1 0020)

0 00992

(1 0011)

0 0013585

(1 0020

0 004999

(1 0005)

0 0007609

(1 0010

0 004991

(1 0005)

0 0007577

(1 0011

0 002000

(1 0001)

0 0004137

(1 0004

0 002000

(1 0001)

0 0004015

(1 0004)

0 000999

(0 9999

0 0002839

(1 0002)

0 000992

(1 0000)

0 00028125

(1 0002)

Values in parentheses are found by mte

polation

(Jones and Hartman, J Am Chem Soc 191

37 247)

1 mol KI in alcohol dissolves 2 atoms

and the solution does not give up I to CS

(Jbrgensen, J pr (2) 2 347 )

IODINE

411

Solubility in KI+60% alcohol at 25°

Sp gr

Analysis of hquid
phase

Analysis of solid
phase together with
adhering mother
liquor

%KI

%I

% I

% KI

(a) In equilibrium with excess KI

1 148 30 93 00 00

1 191 29 87 4 51 89 13 0 71

1 285 28 39 12 48 86 60 2 27

1 368 28 00 18 60 87 30 3 21

1 427 27 60 21 80 85 75 4 25

1 533 27 00 28 00 84 39 6 05

1 776 25 90 40 52 81 05 10 30

2 250 24 90 52 42 76 21 16 73
2 507 24 40 58 93 73 20 21 04
2 845 22 49 65 75 71 66 24 15

21 50 68 95 70 04 26 42

(b) In equilibrium with excess I

1 134
1 530
1 721

1 90

2 11
2 22
2 80
2 99

0 0

7 36

10 60

12 44

13 74
15 20
17 72
19 30

23 04
43 05
49 38
55 33
59 26
62 66
69 10
71 90

0 0

1 40

2 50

3 72

4 41

5 80
7 15
7 45

I

88 76
88 21

87 10
86 60
85 20
85 49

88 96

(c) Invariant point Excess KI and I

3 162

20 11
20 03

20 05

19 98

20 08

20 OG
20 05

72 51
72 46

72 54
72 44
72 51

72 44
72 48

21 84

7 40
20 61

33 46

74 64
KIH-I

89 81 I
74 09
KI+I

63 19 KI

(Parsons and Coihbs, J Am Chem Soc 1910,
32 1370)

Solubility in KI+40% alcohol at 25°

\n il\ sis of liquid
pli isi

Analysis of solid

l>hus< to^f (lici will)

ndh< ruif. mother

liquor

u i\r

(<i) In cquihbi mm with excess KI

1 339
1 377
1 455
1 532
1 605
1 655

1 847

2 024
2 169
2 558
2 784

42 10
40 S3
38 ()4
37 41
36 25
35 38
33 26
31 71
30 59
28 56
26 95
24 52
23 04

0 0
3 76
10 09
15 71
20 52
24 44
33 62
39 99
44 76
55 30
60 27
65 93
69 93

89 21
88 80
88 19
87 04
86 08
S3 61
82 06
80 80
75 90
74 77
72 98
72 45

0 0

0 70

1 90

3 02

4 21

5 11
8 41

10 76
12 35
18 63
20 86
23 61
25 04

Solubility in KI+40% alcohol at 25° —
Continued

Sp gr

Analj sis of liquid
phase

%r

Analysis of solid

phase together with

adhering mother

liquor

(b) In equihbnum with excess I

0 962

1 292

1 581

2 000
2 173

1 749

2 902

0 0

8 45

12 56

15 20

16 02

17 18

19 20

20 12

2 97
28 70
40 63
49 95
52 95
57 38
66 89
69 10

0 0

1 85

3 41

4 98

5 60

6 61
8 45

7 08

84 51

84 02
83 81

82 96

83 60

85 16
88 81

(c) Invariant point Excess KI and I

3 246

22 50
22 43

70 79

70 88

19 48
69 37

76 24
26 14

(Parsons and Corliss, J Am Chem Soc 1910,

32 1372)
See also under KI

Sol m Kl-f nitrobenzene (Dawson,
Chem Soc 1902, 81 529 )

Solubility in KIOs4-Aq is the same as in
H20 (Lami, C A 1909 1622 )

Solubility of I2 in KBr-f-Aq at 25°

G KBr per 1

G atoms I per I

60 6

0 0176

106 9

0 0278

175 9

0 0415

229 S

0 0532

281 9

0 0628

330 6

0 0717

377 1

0 0797

411 0

0 0864

461 7

0 0948

509 8

0 1006

548 0

0 1062

567 9 sit

0 1094

(B<11 m< I Bu(U<>, J Am Chun Soc 1912,
34 13)

bolubihtv m N \Br-fAq it 25°

C NuBr p(i 1

C jiloins J pci 1

96 4

0 0266

187 7

0 0425

271 8

0 053S

357 4

0 0598

422 4

0 0638

499 1

0 0648

569 9

0 0644

632 0

0 0622

679 7

0 0595

750 5

0 0551

756 1 sat

0 0550

(Bell and Buckley, J Am Chem Soc 1912,
34 13)

412

IODINE

100 cc of a 10% solution of SrBrz dissolve
0 270 g I2 at 13 50 (Meyer, Z anorg 1902,
30 114)
100 cc of a 10% solution of SrCl2 dissolve
0 066 g I2 at 18 5° (Meyer )
100 cc of a 10% solution of SrI2 dissolve
6 616 g I2 at 13 5° (Meyer )

Solubility in salts+Aq at 25°

Solubility of T2 in C8H70E4Aq at room
temperature (14 5°— 15 1°)

Volumes of CaHyOH in
100 volumes of CaBbOE
+H20

Ccm of 1/10 normal
iodine in 5 cc of the
solution

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

58 8
36 0
23 6
16 1
10 7
6 4
3 7
1 56
0 42
0 19

Salt+Aq la

rrams Grams
sol in Salt+Aq I2sol in
liter 1 liter

K-N Na2S04 0
H-N K2S04 0
J^-N (NH4)2SO4 0
N NaNOs 0
N KNO3 0
N NH4N08 0

160 N NaCl 0 575
238 N KC1 0 658
246 N NH4C1 0 735
257 N NaBr 3 29
266 N KBr 3 801
375 N NH^r 4 003

(Bruner, Z phys
Solubility in ethyl

Ch 1898,26 150)
alcohol +Aq at 25°

(McLauchlan, Z phys Ch 1903, 44 617 )

1 14 g are sol in 100 com liquid H2S (An-
tony. Gaza ch it 1905, 36, (1) 206 )
Sol in liquid NH8 (Franklin, Am ch J
1898, 20 822 )
SI sol in liquid C02 (Buchner, Z phys
Ch 1906, 54 674 )
SO2 (Sestim), and S02

rt.sU!3 dissolve 8 42 pts I at 0°,
I at 15°, 3689 pts I at 96°
J 46 194 )
jui liquid S02, AsCU, S02C12, and
«™. «,dehyde (Walden, Z phys Ch 1903,
43 407)
Very sol in liquid NO 2 (Frankland,
Chem Soc 1901, 79 1361 )
Sol in 10-12 pts alcohol (Wittstem )
Sol in wood-spirit (Playfair )
Abundantly sol in amyl (Pelletan), and
hexyl alcohol (Bouis)
Iodine is sol in 20 pts alcohol, 110 pts oil.
7000 pts H20, 100 pts glycerine (Cap and
Garot, J Pharm (3) 26 80 )

Solubility of I2 in C2H6OH+Aq at room
temperature (14 5°— 15 1°)

Molecules of
CaHcOH in 100
molecules
CaHfiOH+HaO

Molecules of HaO
m 100 molecules
C2H6OH+H20

Normality of the
iodine solution

0 0
0 03
0 06
1 12
1 83
9 40
13 48
23 80
50 80
100

100
99 7(?)
99 4(?)
98 88
98 27(?)
90 60
86 52
76 20
49 20
0

0 0022
0 0024
0 0024
0 0023
0 0025
0 0059
0 0111
0 0617
0 4326
1 590

(McLauchlan, Z phys Ch 1903, 44 627 )
Solubility in acetic acid+Aq at 25°

Molecules of
CHaCOOH in 100
molecules
CHsCOOH+HaO

Molecules of H2O
m 100 molecules
CH3COOH-hH20

Normality of the
iodine solution

0 0
6 9S
16 40
31 9C
55 70
100

100
93 02

83 60
68 10
44 30
0

0 0022
0 0049
0 0112
0 0^31
0 OS82
0 205

Volumes of CJHUOH in
100 volumes of CJHsOf
4-H*0

Com of 1/10 normal
! iodine in 5 cc of the
solution

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

61 7
29 4
16 6
9 2
4 45
3 4
1 0
0 4
0 25
0 2
0 0

(McLauchlan, Z phys Ch 1903, 44 627 )

Very sol in ether, chloroform, and bromo-
form
Solubility in ether
100 g of the sat solution contain at
—83° —90° —108°
15 39 14 58 15 09 g I,
(Arctowski, Z anorg 1896, 11 276 )

About as sol m all fatty oils as in CHC13,
etc (Gruel, Arch Pharm 223 431 )

(Bruner, Z phys Ch 1898, 26 150 )

IODINE

413

Sol in 56 6 pts chloroform at 10° (Dun-
can, Pharm J Trans 51 544 )
Solubility in CHC13
100 g of the sat solution contain at
—49° —55 5° —60° —69 5° —73 5°
0 188 0 144 0 129 0 089 0 080 g I2
(Arctowski, Z anorg 1896, 11 276 )

Very sol m methylene iodide (Retgers,
Z anorg 3 343)

Solubility of I2 HI C6H6+CHC13 at room
temperature (14 5°— 15 1°)

Solubility of I2 in CS2+CC14 at room
temperature (14 5°— 15 1°)

Volumes of CSz in 100
volumes of CSa+CCh

Ccm of 1/10-normal iodine
in 5 cc of the solution

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

69 1
56 9
48 6
40 7
33 9
26 9
21 8
17 7
13 25
10 2
8 1

Volumes of CeHe in 100
volumes of CaHe+CHCls

Ccm of 1/10 normal iodine
m 5 cc of the solution

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

41 05
38 P
34 6
30 5
27 4
24 4
21 0
19 2
17 8
16 0
14 3

(Bruner)

Solubility of I2 in C3H6OH+CHCls at room
temperature (14 5°— 15 1°)

Volumes of CaHeOH in
100 volumes of CsBUOH +
CHCla

Ccm of 1/10 normal iodine
in 5 cc of the solution

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

61 7
37 1
34 2
30 7
27 9
26 1
24 6
22 7
19 9
17 1
14 25

(Bruner, Z phvs Ch 1898, 26 147 )

Solubility of I2 m CS2+CHC18 at room
temperature (14 5°— 15 1°)

Volumes of CSa m 100
volumes of CSa+CHCIs

Ccm of 1/10 normal iodine
m 5 cc of the solution

100
90
80
70
bO
50
40
JO
20
10
0

69 4
62 7
55 9
47 9
42 0
35 8
30 4
^5 3
20 S
17 0
14 i

(Bruner )

Solubility of I2 in C3H7OH+CHC13 at room
temperature (14 5°— 15 1°)

Volumes of CaHvOlI in
100 volumes ot CsH OH
+CHCla

Com of 1/10 normal iodine
in 5 CP of the solution

(Bmn<r )

Solubility of 1 in C<H6-|-CCl4 it room
tcmpu it UK (145°— 15 1°)

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

58 8
51 9
44 2
35 4
31 8
30 8
27 9
25 3
21 8
17 8
14 25

Vidimus of ( Jlr in 100
volumes of ( «H«H-( CU

C ( m of 1/10 normal loclint
in > « of (he solution

100
90
SO
70
(>()
50
40
30
20
10
0

41 05
47 2
$$ b
2<) b
2(> 1
22 4
19 25
Ib 1
13 4
10 75
S 1

(Brunei )

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4328), (Eidmann, C C 1999, II 1014)
Sol in methyl acotate (Naumann, B 190%
42 3790), ethyl icetate (Naumann, B
1Q04, 37 3601 )
Sol in allyl mustard oil, phenyl mustard

(Bruner )

414

IODINE

oil, phenyl isocyanate. pyridine, and alcohol
(Mathews, J phys Chem 1905, 9 649 )

Solubility of I2 in glycerine+Aq at 25°
G=g glycerine in 100 g glycerine +Aq
12 -g I2 m 100 cc of the solution

G

la

Sp gr

0
7 15
20 44
31 55
40 95
48 7
69 2
100

0 0304
0 0342
0 0482
0 0621
0 0875
0 135
0 278
1 223

0 9979
1 0198
1 0471
1 0750
1 0995
1 1207
1 1765
1 2646

(Herz and Knoch, Z anorg 1905, 45 269 )

1 1 N-NH4C2H3O2+Aq dissolves 0440
g I2at25°

1107 ISHNH4)2C204+Aq dissolves 0 980
g I2 at 25°

(McLauchlan, Z phys Ch 1903, 44 617 )

Very sol in benzonitnle
1914,47 1369)

(Naumann, B

1 1 CC14 dissolves 30 33 g I2 at 25°
(Jakowkin, Z phys Ch 1895, 18 590 )

Solubility in CS2

100 g of the sat solution contain at
—80° —87° —92 5° —94°
0 509 0 440 0 391 0 378 g I2

(Arctowski, Z anorg 1896, 11 274 )

When an aqueous solution of I is shaken
with CS2? 400 pts go into solution in CS2 for 1
pt remaining in H20 (Berthelot and Jung-
fleisch, C R 69 338 )

Abundantly sol in methane (Villard,
A ch 1897, (7) 10 387 )

Easily sol in hot, less in cold naphtha
(Pelletier and Walker )

Sol in about 8 pts hot petroleum from
Amiano (de Saussure )

SI sol in cold, more readily in hot ben-
zene (Mansfield) Easily sol in benzene
(Monde, A ch (3) 39 452 )

Solubility m benzene

100 g of the sat solution contain at
47° 66° 10 5° 13 7° 16 3°
8 08 8 63 9 60 10 44 11 23 g 12
(Arctowski, Z anorg 1896, 11 276 )

1 1 benzene sat with iodine at 25° contains
139 g iodine Abegg, Z anorg 1906, 60
409)

1 1 nitrobenzene dissolves 50 62 g I2 at
16-17° (Dawson and Gawler, Chem Soc
1902,81 524)

Solubility in CS2 at t°

Solubility of I2 in mtrobenzene+iodides at

t°

Grams iodine in 100 g of sat

room temp

solution

G per 1

0 32

Salt

— 100

— 95

0 37

Salt

lz

— 90

— 85
— 80

0 41
0 46
0 51

KI

12 35
45 56
115 8

112 7
295 7
698 2

— 75

0 55

155 2

943 6

— 25

3 47

Nal

13 55

57 7

125

— 20

4 14

U i i

109 1

738

— 15

4 82

228

1251

— 10

5 52

Rbl

85 4

421

— 5

6 58

217 5

1060

+ 5
10
15
20
25
30
36
40
42

7 89
9 21
10 51
12 35
14 62
16 92
19 26
22 67
25 22
26 75

Lil
Csl

NH4I

Sri
BaI2

a

Aniline hydnodide
Dimethyl aniline hydnodide

84 1
48 2
223
09 5
94 3
106 5
42 2
158 5
164
160

642
913
858
482
669
599
237
809
721
626

(Arctowski, Z anorg 1894, 6 404 )

1 etramethylammomum
iodide

49 3

266

1 1 CS2 dissolves 230 g I2 at 25°

1 1 fTPnRr« ^laanlvoa ISO ZZ o- T. of 9*°

"

51 4

280

(Dawson and Goodson, Chem &oc 1904, 85
796)

bol in qumolme (Beckmann and Gabel,
Z anorg 1906, 61 236 )

Easily sol in oil of turpentine, but an explo-
sion soon occurs (Walker )

Sol in oil of mandarin (Luca )

IODINE

415

Sol in oil of arnica root (Zeller )

Very sol in CS2, lignone, furfurol, glycerine,
aldehyde, chloral, warm retmole. toluene, sali-
cylic acid, methyl nitrate, methyl sahcylate,
mercaptan, amyl carbamate, ethyl sulphyd-
rate, allyl iodide, ethyl disulphocarbonate,
carbon chloride, SC12, IC13, H2S5, chloro-
chromic acid, amyl valerianate, valenamc
acid, warm butyric acid, creosote, aniline,
quinolme, methylsalicykc acid Quickly sol
in oil of dillj peppermint, sassafras, and tansy
Slowly sol in oil of cloves, cinnamon, cajeput,
and rue Other essential oils decompose it
(Various authorities )

Sol in potassium croconate+Aq (Gmehn )

Sol in potassium antimony tartrate +Aq
176 pts H20+6 pts potassium antimony
tartrate dissolve 2 75 pts I, 378 pts H20
+6 pts potassium antimony tartrate dissolve
4 12 pts I

More sol in tannic acid than in H20 1 pt
I is sol in 450 pts H20 with 3 3 pfcs tannic
acid at 12°, 1 pt I is sol in 240 pts H2O with
0 015 pt tannic acid at about 30° (Koller,
Zeit Ch 1866 380)

200 g HjO containing 0 3 g tannic acid
dissolve 1 0 g I (Hager, Comm 1883 )

Sol in considerable quantity, especially on
warming, in resorcm, orcin, or phloroglu-
cin-f-Aq, without coloration or formation of
HI-j-Aq These solutions withdraw 1 from
CS2 solution, and do not give it up on boiling,
but on evaporation in vacuo the I is sublimed
m a pure state (Hlasiwetz, Z anal 6 447 )

Partition coefficient for iodine between CCU

and Aq at 25°C

A = concentration of the water layer
C= concentration of the CC14 layer

\

C

h*C/A

0 2913
0 1934
0 1276
0 0818
0 0516

25 61
16 54
10 88
6 966
4 412

87 91
85 51
85 30
85 13

85 77

(Jakowkin, Z phys Ch 1895,

18 586-588)

G alcohol in 100 cc of
mixture

Caq alcoholvx ,ft,

CCba X 1U

30 5
26 7
22 9
19 1
16 3
11 4
7 6

1 29
0 76
0 49
0 34
0 28
0 23
0 20

Paitition coefficient foi iodine between CHBr

md Aq at 25°C

A = conconti ition of the water Kyc i
C = concentration of the CHBr8 layer

(Osaka, Chem Soc 1905, 88 (2) 811 )

Division of iodine between CS2 and

Na2SO4+Aq at 25°
A = concentration of I in H2O layer
C = concentration of I in CS2 layer

Partition coefficient for iodine between CS2
and Aq at 25°C
A = concentration of the water layer
C- concentration of the carbon bisulphide
layer

Na«S04+Aq

A.

C

1-N

i/s-N
V*-N
Vs-N

0 1518
0 1809
0 2022
0 2138

142 4
141 7
143 6
142 4

A

C

h=C/A

Division of iodine between CS2 and NaNOi

+Aq

0 2571
0 2195
0 1947
0 1743
0 1605
0 1229
0 1104
0 0939
0 0518

167 6
140 2
122 0
108 3
98 27
73 23
65 81
55 29
30 36

651 8
638 7
626 4
620 0
612 2
595 8
596 0
590 5
586 2

NaNOs+Aq

\

C

1-N

V-N

1A-N

0 1923
0 2090
0 2164

142 4
143 7
143 5

(Jakowkm, Z phyb Ch 1896, 20 25 )

Partition between CHClj and glycerine
C-zmlhmols iodine m 10 g CHC1S laver
W-millimols iodine m 10 g glycerine
layer

A

C

fc=C/A

C

v\

c/w

0 2736
0 1752
0 1084
0 0757
0 0517

144 36
85 11
49 9i
32 65
22 19

527 6

485 7
460 5
431 7
429 3

0 564
0 919
0 151

0 244
0 397
0 500

2 31
2 32
2 30

(Herz, Z Elektrochem 1910, 16 870 )

16

IODINE BROMIDE

artition of I2 between CHC13 and other
solvents

C = millimols iodine in 10 com of the CHC18
iyer

W =milhmols iodine in 10 ccm of the other
tyer

Distribution of I2 between glycerine and CC1*
att°

MI = concentration of I2 ui CC14 layer ex-
pressed in g -mol per 1

M2= concentration of I2 in glycerine layer
expressed in g -mol per 1

Other Solvent

C

w

c/w

t°

Mi

M2

Fater

0 338
1 546
2 318
3 207
3 439

0 0025
0 0120
0 0184
0 0242
0 0259

134 6
129 0
126 3
132 8
132 8

25°

0 002230
0 0024113
0 0048227
0 010452
0 038973
0 04598
0 05820

0 0014386
0 0014595
0 0027014
0 005581
0 019959
0 023948
0 030097

5% by vol H2O+
25% by vol glycerine

1 217
1 893
2 434
3 219

0 0183
0 0290
0 0367
0 0483

66 32
65 33
66 31
66 65

40°

0 00227
0 00239
0 00461
0 01092
0 02540
0 04091
0 06074

0 00127
0 00138
0 00272
0 00482
0 01116
0 01749
0 02701

0%byvol H2O+
50% by vol glycenne

1 217
1 835
2 376
3 294

0 0405
0 0609
0 0782
0 1020

30 0
30 1
30 4
32 2

5%byvol H2O+
75% by vol glycenne

1 188
1 806
2 656
2 859
3 400

0 116
0 173
0 249
0 265
0 312

10 25
10 45
10 66
10 80
10 93

50°

0 00257
0 00500
0 01363
0 02549
0 04167
0 06309

0 00118
0 00225
0 00596
0 01050
0 01693
0 02502

(Herz, Z Elektrochem 1910, 16 870 )

Distribution of I2 between benzene and
glycenne at t°
Mi = concentration of I2 in benzene layer
pressed in g -mol per 1
M2 = concentration of I2 m glycenne layer
^pressed in g -mol per 1

(Landau, Z phys Ch 1910, 73 203 )

Distribution of I2 between ether and ethylene
glycol at t°
Mi= concentration of I2 in ether layer,
expressed in g -mol per 1
M2 = concentration of I2 in C2H602 layer,
expressed in g -mol per 1

t°

M!

M2

25°

0 00757
0 01610
0 02719
0 04024
0 06255
0 07923
0 10243
0 12201
0 13342
0 16734

0 001604
0 002664
0 004115
0 005794
0 00834
0 01033
0 01324
0 01559
0 01668
0 02081

t°

Mi

M2

0°

0 00843
0 03082
0 06551
0 08105
0 1?528
0 31511

0 00571
0 01713
0 03736
0 04605
0 07148
0 17524

40°

0 008545
0 01544
0 04432
0 095004
0 13271
0 18508

0 00181
0 002593
0 006242
0 012013
0 01632
0 02193

25°

0 00870
0 01677
0 02710
0 03046
0 06385
0 11951
0 30820

0 00571
0 01001
0 01586
0 01713
0 03594
0 06725
0 17524

50°

0 00865
0 01523
0 02683
0 04413
0 0620
0 07832
0 10153
0 12166
0 13199
0 18438

0 00184
0 00253
0 00390
0 00576
0 00744
0 00942
0 01214
0 0145
0 01560
0 02122

(Landau, Z phys Ch 1910, 73 205 )

Iodine raowobromide, IBr
Slowly sol in H20 with slight decomp
Sol in CHCls, CS2, ether, and alcohol
+5H20 (Lowig, Pogg 14 485) Does
not exist (Bornemann, A 189 183 )

(Landau, Z phys Ch 1910, 73 202 )

IODINE SULPHIDE

417

Iodine pentabromide, IBr6(?)

Sol in H20 with separation of iodine
(Lowig, Pogg 14 485 )

Iodine monochlonde, IC1

Decomp bv H20, sol \\ithout decomp ni
alcohol, ether, and HCl-f Aq

Sol in CS2

Iodine hydrogen chlonde, IC1, HC1

Unstable Sol in ether (Sehutzenberger,
C R 84 389)

Iodine Znchlonde, IC1S

Dehquescent With H20, a part is dissolved
without decomp , and the rest is decomp
The aqueous solution contains more un-
changed IC13, the more cone it is (Serullas )
Precipitated from aqueous solution by H2S04
Sol in HCl+Aq Sol in warm cone H2S04
without decomp Sol in alcohol, and ben-
zene Decomp by small amount of CS2
(Christomanos, B 10 434 ) Efcher does not
remove it from aqueous solution (Serullas )

Iodine lithium chlonde, IC1S, LiCl-{-4H20
See Lithium chloroiodide

Iodine Znchlonde magnesium chlonde, 2IC13,
MgCl2+5H20

Very deliquescent and easily decomposed
(Filhol, J Pharm 25 442 )

+8H2O Hydroscopic (Weinland, Z
anorg 1902, 30 141 )

Iodine /nchlonde manganous chloride, 2IC13,

MnCl,+8H20

Hydioscopio (WunUnd, Z inorg 1902,
30 H9)

Iodine /^chloride nickel chlonde, 2IC13

II < i CC14 dissnlv< s out IC
(Wnnl iml, / inoiR 1902, 30 1 iS )

Iodine 7/Aflrtochlonde phosphorus pentachlor-

ide, IC1, PCU
Very deliquescent, decomp by H20

Iodine potassium chloride, Ida, KC1

Sol in II O with decomp

Ether dissolves out IC13 (I ilhol, J Pharra
25 4**, r)00)

See Potassium chloroiodide

Iodine sodium chloride, IC13, NaCl+2H2O
See Sodium chloroiodide

Iodine /nchlonde strontium chloride, 2IC13,

SrCl2-f8H20
Hydroscopic (Weinland, Z anorg 1902,
30 142)

Iodine inchlonde sulphur tetracblvnde, Ids,

SC14

Very deliquescent in air, decomp by H2O
Decomp with formation of clear solution by
dil HNOa-f-Aq (Weber, Pogg 128 459)
SCli, 2IC18 ( Jaillard, J B 1860 95 )
Correct formula is as above (Weber, I c )
2ICk SOU Sol in SO2C12, SOC12, POC18,
warm 8C12, petroleum ether, hgroin, CHCls,
CC14, CS2 and abs ether (Ruff, B 1904,37
4519)

Iodine ^nchlonde zinc chlonde, 2101s, ZnCl2+

8H20

Unstable Hydroscopic (Weinland, Z
anorg 1902,30 140)

Iodine pentofluonde, IFs

Finnes ui air, decomp with H20 (Gore,
C N 24 291 )

Decomp by H2O into lodic acid and HF
Decomp oy solutions of the alkalies (Mois-
san, C R 1902, 135 564 )

Iodine tfnoxide, I2O3

Decomp by H 0 (Ogier, C R 85 957,
86 722)

Probably a mixture

, I204(?)

Iodine

Insol in cold, decomp by hot H2O, insol
m alcohol Decomp by HN03+Aq Sol m
H2S04 (Millon, J pr 34 319, 337 )

Iodine penfoxide, I Os

Very sol m H2O, and m dil alcohol
Insol in absolute alcohol, ether, CS2, chloro-
form, and hydrocarbons

Forms hydrates, lodic acid HI08, and
3I205, H2O, insol m ordinary alcohol

l<or sp gr of aqueous bolution see lodic
acid

Iodine oxides, IioOio, I3Oi3

The compounds IioOio (Millon, J pr 34
336), ™d T3O,3 (Kimmeror, T pr 83 81),
arc probibly mixtures

Millon 's oxides ar( impure I.jO4 (Kap-
pclcr, B 1911,44 5496)

Iodine sulphur oxide, 5I2Or, S03
Docomp by H2O (Kimmcrer)
I2Oh 3SO8 Decomp by H20, si sol in

hotS04 (Wcbcr, B 20 S6 )

= (IO)2(SO4)3 lodyl sulphate (?)

Iodine oxyfluoride, IOF34-5H20

Fumes in the air (Weinland, Z anorg
1908, 60 163 )

Iodine sulphide, S I2

Sol m CS2 (Lmebarger, Am Ch J 1895,
17 57)

418

IODINE SULPHOXIDE

Iodine sulphoxide, I2S08(?)

Decomp byH20 (Schultz-Sellack )
I2(S08)2(?) Decomp by H20 (Weber, J

pr (2) 26 224 )

Ii(SO,)e(?) As above (Weber )
See also lodosulphuric anhydride

lodindic acid

Ammamum lodmdate, (NH4)2IrIe
Verv easily sol in cold H20, decomp on
Banning Insol in alcohol (Oppler, J B

Potassium lodindate, K2IrI6
Very easily sol in H2O Insol in alcohol

Sodium loduidate, Na2Irl6

Insol in cokL si sol in hot H20
sol ui acids (Oppler )

Easily

lodindous acid

Ammonium lodindite, (NF4)6Ir2Ii2+H20

Very sol in H20, but decomp on warming
(Oppler )

Potassium lodindite, K6Ir2Ii2

Insol in H20, or alcohol Slowly sol in
acids, easily in warm alkalies +Aq

Silver lodindite, Ag6Ir2Ii2
Ppt

lodochloroplatmdiamine chloride,

SI sol m H20
lodochromic acid

Potassium lodochromate, KCr03I

Decomp by boiling H2O (Guyot, C R

73 46)
See also Chromoiodic acid

lodomolybdic acid

See Molybdoiodic acid

lodomtratoplatmmonocfoamine bromide,
I Pf (NH3)2Brr?s
N08Pfc NH3Br (?)

Very si sol in H2O (Cleve )

lodomtntoplatm^amine nitrate,

I(N02)Pt(N2H6)2(N08)2
Quite easily sol in hot H2O (Cleve )

lodopalladous acid

Potassium lodopalladite

Dehquescent (Lassaigne )

lodophosphonc acid
See Phosphoiodic acid

lodoplatmamine iodide, I2Pt(NH8I)2

Sol m H20. especially easily if b,oiliE
(Cleve)

lodoplafcncfoanune iodide, I2Pt(N2HeI)2
Sol in H20, especially when hot (Cleve

- mercuric iodide, I2Pt(N2H6I)2, 2HgI2
Extremely difficultly sol m cold H2<

partly decomp by boiling (Jorgensen. Gi
K 3 1214)

- nitrate, I2Pt(N2H6N03)2
More sol m hot than cold H20

- sulphate, I2Pt(N2H6)2SO4

Very si sol in H20 ( Jdrgensen, J pr (
15 429)

iodide,

I3Pt(NH8)2I(?)

SI sol in H2O (Jorgensen, J pr (2) 1
345)

- penodide, I8Pt(NH3)2I, I2
Moderately si sol m H20 (Cleve )

lodocfoplatmamine iodide, I2Pt2(N2Ek)2I4
Insol m H20

anhydroiodide,

IoPt2(N2H6)4OI2
Insol m NH4OH+Aq

— anhydromtrate, I2Pt2(N2H6)40(NO3)2
Easily sol in warm H2S03+Aq (Cleve

— iodide, I2Pt2(N2H6)J4
Ppt

— nitrate, I2Pt2(N2H6)4(N03)4+4H20

SI sol in cold, moderately sol m hot H2C
(Cleve )

- phosphate, I2Pt2(N2H6)4[03P(OH)]2

Nearly insol in H20

• sulphate, I2Pt2(N2H6)4(S04)2

Nearly insol m H20

— plato^zamme sulphate, I2Pt2(N2H6)4SO

Pt(NH,)2S04

Very si sol mH20 (Carlgren Sv V A F
47 306)

lodoplatuuc acid, H2Ptl6+9H2O

Dehquescent Easily sol m HjO, with de
comp into Ptl4 and HI on standing or warm
ing (Topsoe )

IODOSELENATE, POTASSIUM

419

Ammonium lodoplatinate,

Easily sol mH2O (Topsoe)

NH4I, PtI4 SI sol in H20, insol in
alcohol (Lassaigne, A ch (2) 51 128 )

Barium lodoplatinate, BaPtle

Dehquescent, but less so than Na2PtI6
which it otherwise resembles (Lassaigne )

Calcium lodoplatinate, CaPtI6-hl2H2O

Not so deliquescent as Na salt

Cobalt lodoplatinate, CoPtI6+9H20
Very deliquescent

Lead fcrfraiodoplafonate, [PtI4(OH)2]Pb,

Pb(OH)2
Ppt (Belluci, C C 1902,1 625)

Magnesium lodoplatniate, MgPtI64-9H20
Sol mH20

Manganese lodoplatinate, MnPtI6-h9H2O
Very dehquescent

Mercunc te^raiodoplatinate, [PtI4(OH)2]Hg
Ppt (Belluci, C C 1902, I 625 )

Nickel lodoplatinate, NiPtI6+9H20
Very deliquescent

Potassium lodoplatinate, K2PtIfl

Easily sol in H2O Insol m alcohol Not
attacked by cold cone HoSO4

Silver teiraiodoplatinate, Pt[I4fOH) ]\g
Ppt (Belluci, C C 1902, I 625 )

Sodium lodoplatinate, Na2PtI«-|-6H2O

Not deliquescent, but easily sol in H2O
and alcohol (Vauquelm ) Dehquescent
(Lassaigne )

Thallium /tftaiodoplatinate, [PtI4(OH) ]T1
Ppt (Btlluci C C 1902, I 625 )

Zinc lodoplatinate, ZnPtlo+OII/)
Easily sol in H/)

lodoplatinocyanhydnc acid, H2Pt(CN)4I2
See Periodoplatinocyanhydnc acid

Silver lodoplatmocyamde, Ag2(Ptl2(CN4)2
Ppt (Miolati, Gazz ch it 1900, 30 588 )

Strontium lodoplatinocyamde platinocyanide,

SrPt(CN)4I2, 10SrPt(CN}4-hsH2O

(Hoist )

lodopurpureochroiruuni chloride.

ICr(NH8)8Cl2

Quite sol m H20 (Jorgensen, J pr (2)
25 83)

• chloroplatinate, ICr(NHs)6PtClB

Precipitate (Jorgensen, I c )

•iodide, ICr(NH3)6I2

Difficultly sol in H20 Insol in HI, or
KI-f-Aq, msol in alcohol (Jorgensen, 1 c )

nitrate, ICr(NH8)5(NO3)2

Much less sol in H2O than the chloride
(Jorgensen, 1 c )

lodopurpureocobaltic iodide, CoI(NH3)sI2

(Claudet )

Does not exist (Jorgensen, J pr (2) 25
94)

lodopurpureorhodjLtim chlonde,

IRh(NHs)BCls

Relatively easily sol in H20, insol in HC1
+Aq and alcohol Insol mKI-f\q (Jbr-
gensen, J pr (2) 27 433 )

- fluosilicate, IRh(NH3)5SiF6

Nearly insol in cold H20

Ppt

• lodoplatinate, IRh(NH3)6PtI6

iodide, IRh(NH3)6l2

Very si sol in cold H20, more sol in hot
H2O, insol in dil HI+Aq, and alcohol
(Jorgensen, J pr (2) 27 433 )

nitrate, IRh(NH3yN03)2

SI sol in H^O, more easily sol in hot H20,
insol in dil HNO3 + Aq, and alcohol

• sulphate, IRh(NH3)fiSO4, and -f 3H20

SI sol in even hot H2O (Jorgensen )
lodoselenic acid

Ammonium lodoselenate, 2(NH4)2O, I 05
2SeO3H-H 0

Decomp by H20 (Wemland, B 1903, 36
1400)

2(NH4)2O, 3I2O6, 2SeO3-f5HoO Sol in
H2O with decomp (?) (Wemland )

Potassium lodoselenate, 2K2O, I Os, 2SeO34-

H20

Decomp by H20 (Wemland )
2K2O, 3I205, 2SeO3+5H20 Sol m H2O

with decomp (?) (Wemland )

420

IODOSELENATE, RUBIDIUM

Rubidium lodoselenate, 2Rb20, 3I205, 2Se08

+5H20
Sol mH2O (Weinland)

lodostannous acid

Data concerning solubility of Snla in HI+
Aq mdicate formation of this compound
(Young, J Am Chem Soc 1897, 19 853 )

lodosulphobismuthous acid

Cuprous lodasulphobismuthite, 2Cu2S, Bi2S8,

2BiSI

Decomp by H20 at ord temp Decomp
by mineral acids with evolution of H2S
(Ducatte, C R 1902, 134 1213 )

Leadiodosulphobismuthite, PbS, Bi2S3, 2BiSI
Insol in H20 Partially decomp by boil-
ing H20 Decomp by dil mineral acids with
evolution of H2S (Ducatte )

lodosulphunc acid

Ammonium lodosulphate, (NH4)2SOSI2(?)

Very sol in H20 (Zmno, N Rep Pharm
20 449)

Mercunc lodosulphate, Hg2(S04)I2
See Mercunc sulphate iodide

Potassium lodosulphate, K2S08I2(?)

Sol m 7 14 pts H20 at 15° (Zmno, N
Rep Pharm 20 449)

Sodium lodosulphate, Na SO3I,-1-10H2O
Sol m 3 64 pts H20 at 15° and m dil

alcohol (Zmno, N Rep Pharm 20 449 )
Does not exist (Michaelis and Koethe, B

6 999)

lodosulphunc anhydride, IS03

Decomp very violently by H20 (Weber,
J pr (2) 25 224 )

Duodosulphunc anhydride, I2S03

Decomp with H20, but not so violently as
IS03 (Weber, J pr (2) 25 224 )

lodo/nsulphunc anhydride, I(SO3)3
Decomp by H20 (Weber, J pr (2) 25

224)

lodotellunc acid

Ammonium lodotellurate, (NH4)2O, I2O5
2Te08+6H2O

Sol m H2O (Wemland, Z anorg 1901,
28 52)

(NH4)20, 1,0s, 2Te03+8H20 Sol in
H20 (Wemland, B 1900,33 1017)

Caesium lodotellurate, Cs2TeI4

Insol in Csl, orHI+Aq Decomp slowl
by cold, rapidly by hot H20 (Wheeler, SiL
Am J 145 267 )

Potassium lodotellurate, K2TeI6+2H20
SI efflorescent Somewhat sol in KI+Ac

and dil HI+Aq (Wheeler )
K20, I206, Te08+3H20 Sol in H-.C

Partially decomp on recryst from H2C

(Wemland, Z anorg 1901, 28 53 )
K20, I205, 2TeO3+6H20 Sol in H2(

without decomp (Wemland )

Rubidium lodotellurate, Rb2TeIe

SI sol in HI, or Rbl+Aq Decomp b
H20 Somewhat sol in alcohol (Wheeler

Rb20, I206, 2Te03+6H20 Sol in H20
(Wemland )

lodotetramine chromium iodide,

ICr(NH8)4I2+H*0
Sol mH2O Pptd by alcohol (Cleve )

lodotetramine cobaltic sulphate,

ICo(NH3)4S04
(Vortmann and Blasberg, B 22 2652 )

lodotungstic acid
See Tungstoiodic acid

lodous acid, I203
See Iodine inoxide

lodovanadic acid, I205, V206+5H2O

Very easily sol in H20

2V2O6, 3I206+18H20 (Ditte, C R 102
757)

Ammonium lodovanadate, 3(NH4)20, 2V2Os

5I206+20H20
Sol m H2O (Ditte, C R 102 1019 )

Indicfoarmne compounds, Cl>Ir(NH3)4X2
See Chlonridtamine compounds

Indie acid

Potassium indate (?)
Sol m H20 and HCl+Aq

Indicyanhydnc acid, H3Ir(CN)0

Easih sol in H2O, still more easily in al
cohol, less in ether (Martws, A 117 369 )

Barium indicyamde, Ba3fIr(CN)6]2+18H20
Efflorescent Easily sol in hot or cold H2O
Nearly insol in alcohol Not decomp b}
acids

IRIDIUM PHOSPHORUS SULPHUR CHLORIDE

421

Cupnc indicyanide ammonia,

6NH3+4H20
Ppt Decomp in air (Rimbach, Z anorg
1907, 52 413 )

Potassium indicyamde,
Easily sol in H20

Silver indicyanide ammonia, Ag3Ir(CN)6,
2NH3+3H20

Ppt Decomp m the light (Rimbach, Z
anorg 1907, 62 414 )

Indium, Ir

Insol m all acids, including aqua regia,
except when m finely divided state, as
"mdium black," when it is sol m aqua regia
(Glaus, J pr 42 251 )

Indium ammonia compounds

See—

Chlonndi^amme comps , ClIr(NH8)2X

IndoZnamine ' Ir(NH3)aX3

Indoteframine ' Ir(NH04X2

' Ir(NH3)s(OH2)X8
' Ir(NH3)2X2
Ir(NH3)4X2

Iridosoamine
Indosocfoamine

Indium Znbromide, IrBrs+4H20

Easily sol in H/) Insol in alcohol or
ether (Birnbaum )

Indium ^rabromide, IrBr4, or H2IrBr6
Deliquescent Sol in H20 and alcohol

(Birnbaum )
See Bronundic acid

Indium hydrogen be&guibromide, 3HBr.

IrBrj +H2O = H3IrBr6 +3H2O
See Bromiridous acid

Indium 6cs^/ubromide with MBr
See Bronuridite, M

Indium /6/rabromide with MBr
See Bromindate, M

Indium phosphorous bromide, lrBr3, 3PBr-i

P irti illy dc tomp by H 0 into a sol , and
insol modihc ition Sol in PBr3 (Goiscn-
heimoi )

IrBi j 2PBi , Not easily attacked by H2O

IrBr4, 2PC1,

bee Indium phosphorus chlorobromide

Indium carbide, IrC4(?)

(Berzehus )

Stable toward H2O, acids, and alcohol
(Strecker, B 1909, 42 1773 )

Endium monochlonde, IrCl

Insol in acids and bases (Wohler, B
1913,46 1584)

Indium cfochlonde, IrCl2

Insol in acids and bases (Wohler, B
1913,46 1585)

Indium Znchloride, IrCls

Insol in acids or alkalies (Glaus, C C
1861 690)

Insol m H20, acids and alkalies, (Leidie*,
C R 1899, 129 1251 )

-f 4H2O Sol in H20 (Glaus )

Indium tefrochloride, IrCl4, or H2IrCl6(?)
Dehquescent, and easily sol in H20

Indium in chloride with MCI
See Chlonndite, M

Indium tefrachloride with MCI
See Chlorindate, M

Iridium chlonde with potassium chloride and

sulphite
See Chlorindosulphite, potassium

Indium phosphorus chlonde,

Insol m cold H20 SI decomp by hot
H2O (Geisenheimer, A ch (6) 23 254 )

IrP2Clio Very sol in chloroform (G )

IrP3Cli2 Easily sol in PC13, or CHC13,
also m CS2 with gradual decomp SI sol m
cold H2O Decomp by boiling into IrCU,
3H3PO4 SI sol in benzene, hgroin and CC14
(Strecker, B 1909, 42 1772 )

+HiO Insol m PC13 at 100° Very
slowly sol in boiling H20 (Geisenheimer, A
ch (6) 23 266 )

IiP3Cl15 Decomp by H2O into 2IrCl3,
3H3PO3, 3H3PO4 Violently decomp by
alcohol Si sol in cold, more in hot POCls,
without decomp Very sol in PC13 with
docomp into IiP3Cl 12, similarly in PBr3 Sol
in AsClj with combination Sol m CS2 with
dcoornp Sol m SCL with combination
hiisily sol in cold C(H(s with decomp Insol
in CC14 Sol m C1IC13 with decomp (Gei-
bcnhcimcr, A ch (6)23 254)

Indium phosphorus arsenic chlonde,

Sol in H 0 with decomp into corie^pond-
ingaeid (Goisonhdimi, C H 110 1330)

lid,, 2PC13, 2AbCli Veiy sol m H/)
with decomp Sol in AbCl3, mtsol in CC14
(Gcibcnhuma )

Indium phosphorus sulphur chloride, IiCl3,

2PC13, 2SC12

Veiysol msl amt H20, with decomp into
an acid analogous to chlorophosphoiridic acid
Sol in SCI (Geisenheimer )

422

IRIDIUM PHOSPHORUS CHLOROBROMIDE

Indium phosphorus chlorobronude, IrBr4,

(Geisenheimer, C R 111 40 )

Indium ^hydroxide, Ir02, 2H2O=Ir04H4

Insol indil HNOS, orH2S04+Aq Slowly
but completely sol in HCl-f Aq Sol in
KOH, and NaOH+Aq (Glaus, J pr 39

Indium sesgmhydroxide, Ir2OeH6

Not attacked by acids, except slightly by
cone HCl+Aq (Glaus, C C 1861 690 )

Indium tfniodide, IrI8

Very si sol in cold, somewhat more in hot
H20 Insol in alcohol (Oppler, J B 1857
263)

Indium tefraiodide, IrI4
Insol in H20 or acids (Lassaigne )
Sol in solutions of iodides (Oppler )

Indium tfmodide with MI
See lodindite, M

Indium tetraiofa.de with MI
See lodindate, M

Indium dioxide, Ir02

Very si sol in acids

Freshly pptd Sol in cone H2S04, hot
2-N H2S04, HN03, HC1 Insol in 2-N KOH
and si sol in hot 1-N KOH

Dried ^n a deswcator Sol in HC1 Insol
in H2S04, HN03 and KOH

Dned at 100° Sol in hqt cone HC1
Insol m H2S04, HN03 and KOH (Wohler.
Z anorg 1908, 67 334 )

See also Indium c&hydroxide

Indium inoxide, IrO3

Unstable (Wohler, Z anorg 1908, 57
340 )

e, Ir2O3

Insol in acids

Sol m cone H2SO4, and hot cone HC1
Forms colloidal solution with dil HC1 Cone
HN03 converts it into the dioxide

Insol in KOH+Aq (Wohler, Z anorg
1908, 57 339 )

Indium oxybromide, Ir3Br8O2 = 2IrBr4, IrO2
Not decomp by H2O (Geisenheimer, A
ch (6) 23 286 )

Indium phosphide, Ir2P

(Clarke and Joshn, Am Ch J 5 231 )

Indium ses^selemde, Ir2Se3

Insol in HNO8, slowly sol in hot aqua
regia (Chabn<§ and Bouchonnet, C R 1903,
137 1060)

, IrS

Inso1 in HNOs+Aq, and very si sol if
at all in aqua regia (Berzehus )

Sol in K2S, and KSH+Aq

H-£H20 SI sol in H20, sol in cold
HN03+Aq Insol in NH4C1+ Aq or dil
acids More sol in K2S-j-Aq than PtS2
(Berzehus )

Indium efa sulphide, IrS2

Not attacked by H2O, but decomp when
exposed moist in air Not attacked by sat
HCH-Aq or by cone HN08-f-Aq, but is
oxidised by fuming HN08+Aq, and aqua
regia Insol in NH4 sulphides, or polysul-
pmdes+Aq Slowly sol in alkali polysul-
phides+Aq (Antony, Gazz ch it 23, 1
190)

Indium sesgwsulphide, Ir2S8

SI sol in H20 Sol m HN08, or K2S+Aq

IndoJnamine chlonde, Ir(NH8)3Cl3

SI sol m H20 Not attacked by boiling
H2S04 (Palmaer, B 22 15)

IndoteJraamine chlonde, Ir(NH3)4Cl8
Very sol in H20 (PaJmaer, B 22 15 )

- chlorosulphate,[Ir(NH3)4Cl2]S04-f
4H20

(Palmaer )

InQopentamwe bromide, Ir(NH3)6Brs

Sol m 352 pts H2O at 12 5° (Palmaer, B
23 3817)

- bromochlonde, Ir(NH3)6ClBr2
Sol in H20 (Palmaer, B 24 2090 )

- bromonitnte, Ir(NH3)6Br(N02)2

Sol m 17 9 pts H20 at 18° (Palmaer )

- bromosulphate, Ir(NH3)6BrS04+H20
Sol mH20 (Palmaer)

carbonate, [Ir(NH3)6]2(C03)3+3H2O

Sol in H20 (Glaus, J pr 63 99 )

- rfnchloride, Ir(NH3)5Cl8

Sol in 153 1 pts H2O at 15 1° (Palmaer,
B 23 3810)

Sol in hot H,jO containing HC1 (Glaus, J
pr 69 30)

• chlorobronude, Ir(NH8)5ClBr2

Sol in 213 6 pts H20 at 15° (Palmaer )

- chloroiodide, Ir(NH3)fiClI2

Sol in 104 5 pts H20 at 15° (Palmaer )

— chlorooxalate, Ir(NH8)6ClC2O4
SI sol mH20 (Palmaer)

IRON

423

Indopewiamine chloromtrate,

Ir(NH8)5Cl8N08)2
Sol in 51 54 pts H20 at 15 4° (Palmaer )

- chloromtnte

Easily sol in H20 (Palmera )

- chloroplatinate, Ir(NH3)5Cl8,
Very si sol in H20 (Palmear)

- chlorosulphate, Ir(NH8)6ClS04+2H20
Sol in 134 5 pts H20 at 15° (Palmaer )

- hydroxide, Ir(NH3)6(OH)8 ,
Known only in solution, which decomp on

evaporation (Glaus )

- nitrate, Ir(NH8)5(NO8)8
Moderately sol in H20 (Glaus )

Sol in 349 pts H20 at 16° (Palmaer )

- sulphate, [Ir(NE8)6]2(S04)8
Sol in H20 (Glaus )

Indoaquoper^armne bromide,

Ir(NH3)5(OH2)Br8

Sol in 4 pts H20 Pptd from aqueous
solution by HBr+Aq (Palmaer, B 24
2090)

- chloride, Ir(NH3)5(OH2)Cl3

Sol in 1 2 to 1 5 pts H2O at ord temp
Pptd by HCH-Aq from aqueous solution
(Palmaer, B 24 2090 )

- nitrate, Ir(NH3)6(OH2)(N03)3

Sol m about 10 pts H20 at 17° Pptd
from aqueous solution by HN03+Aq (Pal-
maer )

Indomtrous acid, HflIr2(N02)i2

Easily sol m H,0 (Gibbs, B 4 281 )

Ammonium mdomtnte, (NH4)6Ir2(N02)i2

Almost msol in cold H20, decomp by hot
H20 with evolution of N2 Decomp by hot
cono H2SO4 or HC1 Tnsol in sat NH4C1+
Aq (I eidtf, C R 1902, 134 1583 )

Barium mdomtnte indochlonde,

Sol m H20 (Lang )

Mercunc mdomtnte, H
Insol in H20 (Gibbs, B 4 280 )

Potassium mdomtnte, K6Ir2(N02)]2
SI sol m cold, more sol in boiling H2O

Decomp by hot HC1 or H2S04 Insol in

KCl+Aq (Leidie*, Bull Soc 1902, (3) 27

937)

+2H2O Moderately sol in H20

Potassium mdomtnte indochlonde.

KJriCNTOOu, K6Ir2Cli2
Sol m H2O

Silver mdomtnte, Ag6Ir2(N02)i2

Difficultly sol in cold, more easily in hot
H2O

Sodium mdomtnte, NaJr2(NO2)12+2H20

SI sol inH20 Sol mcoldHaO Decomp
by hot cone H2S04 or HC1 (Leidie*, C R
1902, 134 1583 )

Sodium mdomtnte indochlonde.
Na4Ir2Cl2(N02)s+2H2O

SI sol mH2O (Gibbs)

Na6lr2(NO2)i2, NaelrjjCle Insol in cold, si
sol inhotH20 (Lang)

Indosamine chloride, Ir(NH3)2Gl2

Nearly msol in H20 (Skobhkoff, A 84
275)

— sulphate, Ir(NH3)2SO4
Easily sol mH2O (Skobhkoff )

Indo so examine chlonde, Ir(N2He)2Cl2

Insol m cold, decomp by hot H2O (Skob-
hkoff )

— nitrate, Ir(N2H«jNO8)2
Easily sol m H20

— sulphate, Ir(N2Hfi)2SO4

SI sol m cold, easily in boiling H2O SI
sol in alcohol

Indosulphuric acid

Potassium indosulphate, K6Ir2(SO4)c

Sol in H2O (de Boisbaudran, C R 96

1406)

Indosulphurous acid

Ammonium mdosulphite, (NH4)oIr2(SO3)6+

6H2O

Slightly sol in H^O (Birnbaum, A 136
179)

Potassium mdosulphite, K6Ir2(SO3)o+6H2O
Slightly sol in H2O

Sodium mdosulphite, Na6lr2(SO3)6+8H20
Scarcely sol m H2O

Iron, Fe

Permanent m dry air, oxidises only slowly
n moist air, but rapidly when in contact
with air and H20 simultaneously

Fe does not rust in contact with air and

424

IRON

t

H20 containing alkalies even in very small
amounts (Payen, A ch 50 305 )

Not attacked at ord temp by H2O free
from air More easily oxidised by NH4 salts
-j-Aq than by H2O when exposed to air
simultaneously (Persoz. A ch (3) 24 506 )
Iron is slowly attacked by distilled H2O in
presence of air 100 ccm distilled water re-
moved 29 mg from 11 8 sq cm iron in one
week, while air free from CO2 was passed
through the solution In presence of CO 2, 54
mg were removed (Wagner, Dingl 221
260)

C02 acts as a catalyst for the solution of
Fe by H2O (Whitney, J Am Chem Soc
1903, 26 394 )

Iron is most easily oxidised when it is ex-
posed to air, and H^O is deposited on it at the
same time in liquid form

100 1 sea water dissolve 27 37 g from 1 sq
metre Fe, 29 16 g from 1 sq metre steel,
1 12 g from 1 sq metre galvanised Fe (Cal-
vert and Johnson, C N 11) 171 )

Readily sol in HC1, dil H2SO44-Aq, and
most other acids

Action of H2SO4-f Aq (1 12) is very much
accelerated by a few drops of PtQU+Aq, the
addition of As208 arrests the action com-
pletely Tartar emetic and HgCl2 diminish
the action, but do not arrest it CuS04-fAq
strongly accelerates the action, and Ag2S04+
Aq also to a less extent

In the case of HCl-f Aq, the addition of
small amts of metallic salts also influences
the action Weak HC2Hs02+Aq has but
little action, and the addition of PtCl4 in-
creases it, As2O3 stops itj other solutions have
no effect With racemic and tartanc acids
the phenomena are the same

With oxalic acid, PtCl4 prevents the action
Saline solutions and even distilled H2O, when
mixed with PtCl4, have slight solvent action
(Millon, C R 21 45)

Above phenomena are due to galvanic ac-
tion from metal deposited on the iron
(Barreswill, C R 21 292 )

H2S04 has only si action on cast-iron at
ord temp with exclusion of air

Weak acids have a strong action at higher
temperatures

Charcoal pig-iron, and case-hardened cast-
iron are much less attacked by weak acids at
b -pt than other sorts of Fe Scotch pig-iron
is most strongly attacked

99 8% H2SO4 has very si action on iron al
ord temp when air is excluded (Lunge
Dingl 261 131 )

Resistance against dil H2SO4+Aq
greatly increased by increase in amt of C i
chemically combined, less so by P or Si
(Ledebur, Dingl 223 326 )

Passive Iron — When Fe is treated with
pure cone HNO3-fAq of 1 512-1 419 sp gr
it soon becomes coated with a bluish or blacl
coating, apparently FeO, and when thu

overed Fe is not attacked by HN03-fAq f
any strength at ord temp or at the tern
f a freezing mixture, but action occurs < t
icating Nor is Fe attacked at ord tern
>y acid of 1 401 sp gr or even somewh
veaker acid, though action begins at on
n heating Very dil HN03+Aq attac ;
Fe at ord temp with formation of NH4N< t
and Fe(N03)2 The action of HN03+Aq
influenced by PtCl4 If acid containing 4 >
equivalents of H20 is diluted with 2-3 vo
320, and then poured on Fe turnings, th«
dissolve at once with evolution of mtro i
umes and formation of ferric salt, but if >
he aci4 one drop of PtCl4 be added, on
H gas is evolved, and NH^Os and Fe(NOj
are formed (Millon, C R 21 47 )

The more H20 the acid contains the low
will be the temp at which the Fe reman
massive Shaking the wire hastens the pa
sivity Contact with Pt, Au, or C does n<
prevent it Fe wire becomes passive by r
maining 10 min in HN03 vapour (Renar
~ R 79 159 )

Iron may be made passive by HC10
HBrOs, HIO3, H2Cr04, in the same way *
by HN03

Iron may also be made passive by moderai
ignition

Passivity occurs with HN03-(-Aq of 1 3
sp gr after a short time at 31°, but if temp
32°, passivity does not occur

Colourless HN03+ Aq of 1 42 sp gr prc
duces passivity at 55° but not at 56° Re
fuming HN03 -f- Aq of 1 42 sp gr produce
passivity at 82° but not at 83° (Ordwa^
Sill Am J (2) 40 316 )

The passivity of Fe is destroyed when it
placed in a magnetic field at a much lowe
temperature than when in normal conditioi
(Nichols and Franklin, Sill Am J (3) 3'
419)

Passivity depends on a coating of NO whic
hinders the action of the acid All operation
which remove this layer terminate the pae
sivity, as shaking, rubbing, placing in
vacuum, etc (Varenne, C R 89 783 )

When Fe is plunged in HN03+Aq of 1 4
sp gr there is a sudden evolution of gas whic
ceases after 3 to 20 seconds, and the surfac
becomes bright The same phenomena tak
place with a more dilute acid, if of not les
than 1 32 sp gr In the lattei case, there i
an immediate evolution of gas, which sud
denly ceases and the metal becomes bright
but soon the acid begins to act again at
single point, and the action gradually spread
over the whole surface, this, however, sooi
ceases again, and we have an "mtermitten
passivity "

If a part of a piece of iron is immersed 11
strong acid, the whole of it is made passive
This is explained by the NO spreading ove
the whole surface by capillarity

The passivity ceases when the Fe is placec
in dil acid, after a longer or shorter tune

IRON BORIDE

425

according to the dilution of the acid, — when
the acid has sp gr =1 30, after 11 days
" " " " 5 "

128
126

32 hours

J- AU JL£

Iron may also be made passive by long
staneiing in NO gas under pressure ( Varenne,
C R 90 998 )

Fe is made passive by a coating of Fe3O4,
not by NO (Schonbem, Pogg 39 342)
(Beetz, Pogg 67 286) (Ramann, B 14
1430 )

Passivity may also be caused by NH4N03
+Aq, ammomacal AgNO8-f-Aq. Fe(N08)3)
Fe(N03)2, A1(N03)3, Co(N03)2, Ni(N08)»!
•etc +Aq instead of HNO8+Aq (Ramann,
B 14 1933)

HareUy attackeed by either dil or cone acids
when they are under high pressure (Cailletet
C R 68 395 )

Iron is dissolved by HN03H-Aq, even when
very cone , but no gas is evolved and the pro-
cess is very slow

HN03 +Aq of the following sp gr dissolves
the given amts from strips of pure Fe

Sp gr of acid

Diminution of weight m
24 hours

1 28
1 34
1 38
1 48
1 53

0 82%
0 75
0 29
0 34
5 80

(Gautier and Charpy, C R 113 1451 )

Insol in liqiuel chlorine below 90° (Lange,
Zeit angew Ch 1900, 13 686 )

Insol in liquid NHj (Gore, Am ch J
1898, 20 82S )

Not att u ke d by alkalies

Sol in NaOH -f Aq ( J4%) when air is blown
thiough the liquid (ZirnitC, Ch Ztg 12
355)

N i()H-f \q itt K kb iron and stee.1 (Vena-
tor, Dmgl 261 Hi )

N tOJI -f Aq 1 ( i n * e betwe e n

15° and 100° I I) i 261 131 )

Presence e>f • i lusting e ri

tnely, inel fats ind oils gieatly hinder it
(Wigner)

Sol in ilk ill hydrogen e ubemates+Aq
(Berzdms )

Sit NaCl-f-Aq has si but perceptible ic-
tion on IM NIF^C 1-j-Aq h is stronger actiem
than NiCl + Aq (lunge )

100 ecrri H/) eont lining 0 5 £ NaCl or
KC1 removed 42 mg from 11 8 sq cm lion
in one week, whih air free from CO^ wab
passed through the solution, and 72 mg in
presence of CO2

100 ccm H2O containing 1 g NH4C1 re-
moved 45 mg , ind 76 mg respectively under
the above conditions

100 ccm H2O containing 0 8 g MgCl2 re

movesd 49 mg , and 65 mg respectively under
the above coneiitions

Not attacked by 100 ccm H^O containing
1 g Na2C08, or by Ca02H2+Aq (Wagner,
Dmgl 221 260)

Action of KClOs+Aq KC103+Aq (6 3%
KC103) oxieiised 11 21 g cast iron and 20 1 g
pure iron from a surface of 1 sq metre in. 7
hours, KClO8+Aq (25% KC103) oxidised
2459 g cast, and 44 90 g pure Fe under
above conditions, Ca(C103)2, CaCl2+Aq (20°
Baume) obtained by passmg Cl through
Ca02H2-t-Aq oxidised 85 g cast, and 95 g
pure Fe under the above coneiitions (Lunge
and Deggeler, J Soc Chem Ind 4 32 )

Easily sol in organic acids

Comparative action of oils on Fe

Amount Fe dissolved

Neatsfoot oil

0 0875 grains

Colza

0 0800

Sperm

0 0460

Lard

0 0250

Olive

0 0062

Linseed

0 0050

Seal

0 0050

Castor

0 0048

Paraffine

0 0045

Almond

0 0040

" Lubricating" oil

0 0018

(Watson, C N 42 190 )

1/fC r*f*m nlmn amr\ rliaanlxma fl HnQ*7 cr T7a in

6 days (Gates, J phys
143)

Fe dissolves m albumen solution to the
extent of 1 to 2 per cent (Buchner, Arch
Pharm (3) 20 417 )

Attacked by sugar -f-Aq at 115-120°, also
by inverted sugai or malt extract, not by
glycerine 01 manmte+Aq (Klein and Berg,
C R 102 1170)

Iron arsenide, FeAs2

Mm Lolhnqite Sol in HNO3+Aq with
scpxntion of Abj()3

lie3As4 Mm Ltutopynte

Iron arsenide sulphide, FeAs , l<eb

Mm Arbeuopymtt Sol in HNOa-f-An
with btpdiation erf S arid As ()^ wholly sol
m aqu i regii, not atticked by HCl+Aq

Iron bonde, 1< c2B

Dt comp by H/) Sol in hot ehl HCl or
H2SO4 and in hot cone HCl or H SO4 Sol
in hot dil or cold cone HNO3 (Jassonneix,
C R 1907, 146 122 )

LeB Sol m molten alkali carbonates, not
sol in dil or cone H2SO4 m the cold, sol in
boiling H2S04 and m HNO3 (Moissan, Bull
Soc 1895; (3) 13 958 )

Stable in dry air Decomp by aqua regia,

26

IRON BROMIDE

mt not readily sol in cone H2S04 and HC1
Moissan, C R 1895, 120 176 )

FeB2 Decomp by H2O Sol in HNO3
uad m hot cone HCl (Jassonneix, C R
907, 146 122 )

ron (ferrous) bromide, FeBr2

Sol in H20 Decomp by heating on air

Sat FeBr2+Aq contains at
—21° —7° +10° 21°

47 0 48 3 52 3 53 7% FeBr2,

37° 50° 65° 95°

56 0 58 0 59 4 63 3% FeBr2
(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 541 )

+4H20 Very sol in H2O, pptd

ooled aq solution

I 611)

+6H20 Sol inH20
+9H20 (Volkmann )

pp1
(Volkmann, C C

(Lbwig )

from
1894,

• emc bromide, FeBrs

Deliquescent Sol in H2O, alcohol, and
ther (Lowig )

SI sol in liquid NE8 (Franklin, Am Ch
r 1898. 20 828 )

H-6H20 Sol in alcohol and ether (Bol-
chakoff, C C 1898, II 660 )

• errous mercunc bromide

Deliquescent (v Bonsdorff )
'erne rubidium bromide, Rb2FeBr5-f-H2O

Sol in H2O (Walden, Z anorg 1894, 7
•32)

' errous stannic bromide

See Bromostannate, ferrous
« erroug bromide nitric oxide, 3FeBr2, 2NO

Sol in H20 Not isolated (Thomas, C R
896, 123 944 )

•erne bromochlonde, FeCl2Br
Very deliquescent, and sol in H2O, alcohol,
nd ether Notably sol in chloroform, ben-
ene, and toluene Insol in CS2 (Lenor-
aand, C R 116 820 )

ron carbide, Fe8C

(Gurlt, J B 1866, 781 )

Mixture of Fe and FeC4 (Tunner, Polyt
^entralbl 1861 1227)

Fe4C (Karsten, J pr 40 229 )

Fe8C Sol in hot cone HCl, oxidized
lowly by moist air (Campbell, Am Ch J
896, 18 840-841 )

Fe2C2 (Rammelsberg, C C 1847 60 )

ron molybdenum carbide, Fe3C, Mo2C

Sol in hydracids, msol in HNO3 (Wil-
iams, C R 1898, 127 484 )

ron tungsten carbide, 2Fe3C, 3W2C

Insol in H2O and hydracids, sol in HN08
nd H2S04 (Williams, C R 1898, 127

Iron carbonyl, Fe(CO)6

Slowly decomp on air Not attacked 1
dil H2S04,HNO8, orHCl-j-Aq Cone HNC
Cl2+Aq, or Br2-j-Aq decomp easily Sol
alcoholic solution of KOH or NaOH with su
sequent decomp Sol m alcohol, ethc
benzene, mineral oils, etc (Mond and La
ger, Chem Soc 59 1090 )

Fe2(CO)r Decomp on air Not attacke
by H2S04 or HCl+Aq Sol m alcohol
potash Very much less sol in organic sc
vents than Fe(CO)6 (Mond and Langer )

Ferrous chloride, FeCl2

Deliquescent Easily sol in H20 wit

evolution of heat, or in alcohol Insol ]

ether (Jahn )

Sol in 2 pts H2O at 18 75° (Abl )
Sol in 1 pt strong alcohol (Wenzel )

Sp gr of FeCl2=Aqat 155°

Sp gr

% FeCla

% FeCla 4H2C

1 05

5 40

8 45

1 06

6 43

10 09

1 07

7 47

11 69

1 08

8 48

13 29

1 09

9 49

14 86

1 10

10 47

16 41

1 11

11 45

17 86

1 12

12 42

19 46

1 13

13 37

20 96

1 14

14 31

22 41

1 15

15 24

23 87

1 16

16 15

25 31

1 17

17 05

26 73

1 18

17 94

28 13

1 19

18 83

29 51

1 20

19 68

30 85

1 21

20 50

32 14

1 22

21 39

33 53

1 23

22 24

34 84

1 24

23 05

36 11

1 25

23 86

37 38

1 26

24 68

38 67

1 27

25 44

39 87

1 28

26 19

41 04

1 29

26 98

42 29

1 30

27 75

43 49

1 31

28 49

44 65

1 32

29 23

45 81

1 33

29 96

46 94

1 34

30 68

48 08

1 35

31 39

49 18

1 36

32 10

50 30

1 37

32 79

51 39

1 38

33 47

52 46

1 39

34 14

53 50

1 40

34 80

54 55

1 41

35 46

55 57

1 42

36 09

56 56

1 43

36 73

57 55

1 44

37 33

58 51

(Dunn, J Soc Chem Ind 1902, 21 390 )

IRON CHLORIDE

427

Insol in liquid HF (Franklin, Z anorg
1905. 46 2 )

Sol in acetone, insol in methylal (Eid-
mann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4328)

SI sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909.42 3790)

Sol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B 1910,
43 314)

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1904, 37 3601 )

Yellow modification is sol in benzomtnle
(Naumann, B 1914,47 1369)

Mol weight determined in pyridine (Wer-
ner, Z anorg 1897, 16 21 )

-f 2H20 (Jonas )

-I-4H2O Deliquescent Easily sol in
alcohol Sol in 0 68 pt cold H20 (Reimann,
Mag Pharm 17 215 )

Sat aq solution contains at
16° 18° 25° 28° 43°
40 5 40 9 41 0 42 5 44 4%FeCl2,
50° 53° 72° 89° 96° 118°
45 0 45 9 49 2 51 3 51 0 51 7%FeCl2
(fitatd, A ch 1894, (7) 2 537 )

100 g FeCl2, 4H20-}-Aq contain 1754 g
Fe at 22 8°, 18 59 g at 43 2° (Boecke, N
Jahrb Mm 1911, I, 61 )

More sol in water containing NO than in
pure H20 (Gay, Bull Soc (2) 44 175 )

Sol in hot HCl+Aq (Sabatier, Bull Soc
1895, (3) 13 599 )

[Sabatier could not obtain FeCl2-f 6H20 of
Lescoeur ]

Ferrofemc chloride, Fe8Cl8+18H20

Deliquescent (Lefort, J Pharm (4) 10
85)

Feme chloride, Fe2Cl6 or FeCls

Very deliquescent, and sol in H20 with
evolution of great heat

100 mols H2O dissolve mols anhydrous
Fe2Cl6 at t°

t°

Mols FeaCle

t°

Mols FeaCle

66
70
75

29 20
29 42
28 92

80
100

29 20
29 75

(Roozeboom, Z phys Ch 10 477 )

See also hydrated salts below

Solution in B^O is decomp into colloidal
Fe203, zH2O and HC1, upon heating if cone ,
and on simple standing if dil

Krecke (J pr (2) 3 286) gives the following table

% FeaCIo m
solution

Temp at which Craham s
colloidal hydrate is formed

Temp at which
Saint Gilles
colloidal hy
drate is formed

Temp at which
o\ychlondes are
formed

Temp at which
Fe Oa is formed

32

100-130° '

100° +

140°

16

100-120

Fe2Cl6 re-

It

120

8

100-110

formed on

tt

110

4

90-100

cooling

90

2

87

87

1

83

100-130°

0 5

75

Fe2Cl6 not

«

0 25

64

• reformed

n

0 125

54

on cooling

(t

0 0625

36 t

tt

Sp gr ofFe2Cl6+Aq

Fc.Clc,

Sp ^r

it 48

Sp kr
at 0 7°

Sp fcr
at 146

Sp «r
at 10 7°

49 61

1 5600

1 5575

1 5540

1 5497

41 00

1 4413

1 4387

1 4361

1 4335

36 95

1 3847

1 3824

1 3800

33 25

1 3381

1 3359

1 3339

1 3317

24 60

1 2351

1 2334

1 2318

1 2298

22 54

1 2140

1 2129

1 2107

1 2090

16 79

1 1534

1 1521

1 1507

1 1491

10 45

1 0939

1 0930

1 0918

1 0901

4 65

1 0382

2 70

1 0221

(Schult, from Gerlach, Z anal 27 278 )

Sp gr of Fe2Cl6-|-Aq increases or diminishes
between 8° and 24° for a decrease or in-
crease of temp of 1° by the following
amts

/ IcjCIn

C orr

Vt Fc;Cl<t

Corr

50-60
45-49
40-44

0 0008
0 0007
0 0006

30-39
20-29
10-19

0 0005
0 0004
0 0003

(Hager, 1 c )

430

IRON CHLORIDE

Solubility of Fe2Cl6 in HCl+Aq —Continued

Solubility of FeCU+KCl in H2O at 21°

Substance added

Pts by weight sol in 100
pts of solution

t°

Sat solution contains
per 100 mols EhO

Solid phase

FeCla grams

KC1 grams

FeCla

KCl

mols HC1

mols
Fed*

0
13
18
3
28
31
36 2
41 5
46 5
52
155

25
28
21
18 5
16
10 5
9
8
6
0 5
0

0
13 44
23 18
28 05
35 72
36 62
37 35
42 03
51 69

83 89

34 97
24 45
16 54
11 69
11 68
11 19
13 67
7 88
7 54

0

— 45

— 6
tt

tt
tt
tt

tt

—10
tt

tt

tt
tt
tt

— 15

20 50
20 66
23 42
29 10
26 18
24 41
23 25
21 73
19 73
24 42
28 20
20 48
24 90
28 75
31 42
28 25
26 05
24 50
28 40
19 44
22 83
25 20
27 20
31 08
34 13
33 93
30 08
28 70

24 50
25 74
27 40
24 73
21 75
21 50
21 35
21 84
25 50
28 45
27 04
20 54
18 94
20 34
28 53
30 25
30 50
15 83
31 89
12 10
11 63
11 60
11 31
11 51
12 90
31 77
32 76
32 88

Fe2Cl6.2HCl,
8H20

(Hmrichsen and Sachsel, Z phys Ch 1904,
50 95)

FeCla+NaCl

Solubility of FeCla+NaCl in H20 at 21°

—15

—20
tt

tt
tt

tt
tt
tt
tt
tt

Substance added

Pts by weight sol in 100
pts of solution

FeCh grams

NaCl grams

FeCla

NaCl

0

1 8
3 6
5 5
7 2
9 0
10 8
10 8

3 6
3 0
2 5
2 0
1 5
1 0
0 5
0

0
24 27
25 40
26 40
38 15
43 38
46 75
83 39

36 10
9 10
8 45
5 25
3 90
2 45
2 11
0

—10

tt

tt
tt
tt
tt

—12 5

i ^

12 01
19 78
20 95
20 25
17 73
15 44
22 14

24 50
9 96
13 32
16 90
18 97
20 56
23 40
24 85
25 20
25 40
25 59

11 99
14 02
16 20
20 20
20 70
19 65
16 69
9 65
15 83
9 94
8 57
7 35
7 Ib
7 08
7 20
9 88
11 60
12 37
13 39

Fe2Cl6, 2HC1,
12H20

(Hmiichsen and Sachsel, Z phys Ch 1904,
50 94)

Solubility of FeCls in NaCl+Aq at t°

t°

Substance added

% of Fe in
the solution

— 20

tt
tt
tt

1C

tt
tt

FeCl*

NaCl

10
10
10
20
20
20
30
30
30
50
50
40
40
30
30
17 6
17 6

40
60
100
60
80
100
70
90
110
30
45
35
50
30
45
30
50

20
20
20
20
20
20
30
30
30
20
20
30
30
20
20
20
20

15 2
15 2
15 16
16 2
16 18
16 2
17 7
17 6
17 67
23 5
23 9
25 4
25 5
23 8
24 0
24 47
24 5

(Roozeboom and Schrememakers, Z phys
Ch 1894, 16 633 )

Solubility of Fe2Cl6+NH4Cl
See NH4Cl+Fe2Cl6 under NH4C1

Solubility of Fe2Cl6 in CsCl
See CsCl+Fe2Cl6 under CsCl

(Hmrichsen and Sachsel, Z phys Ch 1904,
50 95)

IRON PHOSPHORIC CHLORIDE

431

Difficultly sol in AsBr8 (Walden, Z
anorg 1902, 29 374 )

Attacked by liquid N02 in the presence of
traces of moisture (Frankland, Chem Soc
1901,79 1361)

Sol in liquid SO; (Walden, B 1899, 32
2864 )

Sol in alcohol ether, acetic ether (Cann,
C R 102 363), and acetone (Krug and
M'Elroy, J anal Ch 6 184)

SI sol in ethylamine (Shinn, J phys
Chem 1907, 11 538 )

Sol in benzomtrile (Naumann, B 1914.
47 1369)

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1910, 43 314 )

1 g FeCls is sol in 1 59 g acetone at 18°
Sp gr of sat solution 18°/4° = 1160 (Nau-
mann, B 1904, 37 4333 )

Sol in acetone and in methylal (Eidmann,
C C 1899,11 1014)

Sol in qumolme (Beckmann and Gabel,
2 anorg 1906, 51 236 )

SI sol in CS2 (Arctowski, Z anorg 1894,
6 257)

Mol weight determined in pyridine
(Werner, Z anorg 1897, 15 22 )

Sublimed

Sol in AsCl3, POC13, S02C12 and PBr3, si
sol in PClg (Walden, Z anorg 1900, 25
214)

The salts with different amts of crystal
H2O have different solubilities (Roozeboom

+4H2O Melts in crystal H2O at 73 5°

100 mols H20 dissolve mols
Fe2Cl6+4H20 at t

from

t°

Mols

19 96
20 32
20 70

t°

Mols

t°

Mols
Fe2Cle

50
55
60

69
72 5
73 5

21 53
23 35
25 00

72 5
70
66

26 15
27 90
29 20

(Roozeboom, Z phys Ch 10 477 )
+5H2O Corroot formula for +6H20 salt

100 molb H2O dissolve mols Fe2Cl6 from
Fc2Cl6+5H,0 at t°

Mols

Mobs

Mols

KaCI«

I^L^Olo

1 oaCli

12

12 87

30

15 12

55

19 15

20

13 95

35

15 64

56

20 00

27

14 85

50

17 50

55

20 32

(Roozeboom )

Melts in crystal H20 at 31° (Engel, C R
104 1708), at 56° (Roozeboom)

+6H20 Very deliquescent Sol m al-
cohol Ether dissolves out Fe2Cle

t°

Mols

r<*2ci6

t°

Mols
FeaCle

t°

Mols
Fe2Cl6

20
27 4

11 35
12 15

32
32 5

13 55
14 99

30
25

15 12
15 54

t°

Mols
FeaCls

t°

Mols
FeaClo

t°

Mols
Fe2Cl6

•—55

2 75

30

5 93

27 4

11 20

—41

2 81

35

6 78

20

12 15

—27

2 98

36 5

7 93

10

12 83

0

4 13

37

8 33

8

13 70

10

4 54

36

9 29

20

5 10

30

10 45

M -pt is 31° (Ordway ) Contains only
5H2O (Roozeboom )

+7H2O Melts in crystal H20 at 32 5°

100 mols H2O dissolve mols Fe2Cls from
Fe2Cl«i+7H20 at t°

(Roozeboom )

-j-12H20 Less deliquescent than Fe2Cl«
or Fe2Cl6-j-5H20

100 mols H20 dissolve mols Fe^Cle from
Fe2Cl6+12H2O at t°

(Roozeboom )

Sol m alcohol E^her dissolves out Fe2Cls
Melts m crystal H20 at 37° (Roozeboom) ,
at 35 5° (Ordway)

Feme hydrogen chloride, FeCl3, HC1+2H2O

Decomp by H2O (Sabatier, Bull Soc (2)
197 )

More sol m H20 than FeCl3 (Engel, C R
104 1708)

For solubility, see FeCl3+HCl, under
ferric chloride

+6H;O (Roozeboom and Schrememak-
ers )

For solubility, see FeCl3+HCl, under
feme chloride

Ferrous lithium chloride, FeCL, LiCl+3H2O
(Chassevant, A ch (6) 30 17 )

Ferric magnesium chloride, FeClj, MgCl2-f-

H20
Deliquescent (Neumann, B 18 2890 )

Ferrous mercuric chloride, FtCl , HgCl2-h

4H20
Deliquescent (v BonsdorfF )

Feme mtrosyl chloride, FeCl3, NOC1
Very deliquescent (Weber, Pogg 118

477)

Ferric phosphoric chloride, FeCl3, PC16

Decomp by H20 (Baudnmont, A ch (4)
2 15)

428

IRON CHLORIDE

Sp gr ofFe2Cl6+Aqatl75°

Solubility of Fe2Cl6 in HCl+Aq

^

^5

JS

Sat solution contains

*2

Sp gr

*2

Sp gr

^

Sp gr

t°

per 100 mols HaO

Solid phase

i

1 0073

21

1 1644

41

1 3746

mols HC1

FeCls

2
3

4
5

1 0146
1 0219
1 0292
1 0365

22
23

24
25

1 1746
1 1848
1 1950
1 2052

42
43
44
45

1 3870
1 3994
1 4118
1 4242

30

cc
cc

0
5 92
0

12 70
16 07
20 90

6
7

1 0439
1 0513

26
27

1 2155
1 2258

46
47

1 4367
1 4492

25

tc

0
2 33

10 90
23 72

8

1 0587

28

1 2365

48

1 4617

0

24 50

9
10

1 0661
1 0734

29
30

1 2464
1 2568

49
50

1 4742
1 4867

20

0
5 60

10 20
23 60

11

1 0814

31

1 2673

51

1 5010

"

0

25 70

12

1 0894

32

1 2778

52

1 5153

10

0

9 10

13
14
15

1 0974
1 1054
1 1134

33
34
35

1 2883
1 2988
1 3093

53

54
55

1 5296
1 5439
1 5582

cc
tt

8 75
16 70
13 80

8 00
16 65
23 35

16

1 1215

36

1 3199

56

1 5729

0

0

8 25

17

1 1297

37

1 3305

57

1 5876

tc

7 52

6 51

18

1 1378

38

1 3411

58

1 6023

It

13 37

6 33

18
19

1 1378
1 1458

38
39

1 3411
1 3517

58
59

1 6023
1 6170

tl

tt

16 80
18 45

8 70
*10 23

Fe2Cl6+12H20

20

1 1542

40

1 3622

60

1 6317

tt

20 40

15 40

tt

20 10

16 00

(Franz, J pr (2) 6 283 )

tt

19 95

17 70

Sp gr of Fe2Cl6+Aq at 17 5°

tc
tt

19 00
18 05

22 75
23 40

°7

—10

0

7 40

-n 'k

Sp gr

Felcla

Sp gr

FeCle

Sp gr

tc

19 46

10 37

tt

Ofl K/f

i

1 008

21

1 191

41

1 428

tl

20 25

£j\J U*fc

21 56

2

1 016

22

1 202

42

1 441

—12 5

22 14

16 69

3

1 025

23

1 212

43

1 454

—15

0

6 98

4

1 033

24

1 223

44

1 469

1C

21 30

9 65

5

1 042

25

1 234

45

1 481

—20

0

6 56

6

1 051

26

1 245

46

1 494

7 50

4 90

7

1 060

27

1 256

47

1 507

«

15 30

5 09

8

1 069

28

1 268

48

1 520

"

20 56

7 08

9

1 078

29

1 280

49

1 533

30

o

25 20

10

1 087

30

1 292

50

1 547

cc

4 25

27 80

11

1 095

31

1 304

51

1 560

tc

0

30 24

12

1 104

32

1 316

52

1 573

25

o

23 50

13

1 113

33

1 328

53

1 587

tt

2 33

23 72

14

1 123

34

1 340

54

1 600

it

7 50

29 75

15

1 131

35

1 352

55

1 612

tt

o

31 50

16

1 140

36

1 364

56

1 624

20

o

22 50

17

1 150

37

1 376

57

1 636

it

5 60

23 60

18
19

1 160
1 170

38
39

1 390
1 403

58
59

1 648
1 659

tt
it

11 05
11 05

29 20
29 20

- Fe2CI6+7H2O

20

1 180

40

1 415

60

1 670

tt

0

32 00

(Hager, Comm 1883 )

15

cc

10 75
14 90

23 50

28 35

Sp gr of cone Fo2Cl6+Aq at 20-21°

10

cc

13 80
i T on

23 3^

OT TC

07Q

Sp gr

\

Sp gr

o

Fn.( 1-

Sp gr

ct

17 oU
17 80

27 75
27 75

e «

e L-6

GiOie

0

18 05

23 40

60

1 669

65

1 715

70

1 758

cc

19 50

25 93

61

I 679

66

1 724

71

1 766

62

1 688

67

1 733

72

1 774

63

1 697

68

1 742

73

1 782

64

1 706

69

1 750

74

1 790

(Hager, 1 c )

IRON CHLORIDE

429

Solubility of Fe2Clfi in HCl-f Aq — Cont^nued

Sat solution contains

Sat solution contains
per 100 mols H20

t°

per 100 mols HS0

Solid phase

mols

t°

Solid phase

mols HC1

PeCU

mols

mols HC1

FeCls

33

30 45

48 70

50

o

35 00

30

17 15

36 75

n

3 25

39 95

cc

31 20

43 49

44

0

33 50

It

33 80

47 80

1C

3 04

33 80

It

32 60

49 93

t(

10 62

34 64

25

19 50

35 25

(t

11 50

35 60

cc

20 60

35 34

((

10 70

38 00

It

31 34

41 58

40

0

32 40

tt

33 00

43 00

tc

13 40

37 45

tt

34 65

44 80

33

0

31 00

20

21 25

34 25

(t
30

15 70
0

37 06
30 24

Cl

tt

28 81
34 23

37 57

42 02

• Fe2Cl<,-|-4H20

1C

17 20

34 00

tt

35 40

43 16

tt

17 15

36 75

15

29 40

36 50

25

0

29 00

it

33 60

40 03

it
tt

7 50
19 50

29 75
35 25

Fe2Cl6-f5H20

10

1C

24 50
35 04

32 75
39 95

20

o

27 90

0

26 00

32 16

1C

11 05

29 20

tc

34 60

38 11

1C

15 80

30 68

—10

27 30

32 05

tt

21 25

34 25

cc

33 56

36 25

15

u

14 90
16 40

28 35
29 32

—20

cc

30 08
32 65

32 76
35 44

10

17 80

27 75

45

0

58 00

cc

18 80

28 70

cc

31 28

50 08

ft

24 50

32 75

tt

40 65

48 60

0

24 12

30 04

40

0

58 00

«

26 00

32 16

cc

27 00

50 80

—10

24 95

29 60

It

42 01

48 64

Fe2Cl6

cc

26 05

30 50

35

0

58 00

anhydrous

It

27 30

32 05

cc

29 01

50 33

70

o

44 0

tl

37 04

49 20

cc

6 75

50 00

30

0

58 00

1C

o

55 80

cc

32 60

49 93

65

0

42 50

cc

34 40

49 72

«

10 25

50 00

40

42 50

47 52

cc

3 75

57 25

cc

42 01

48 64

cc

0

59 00

35

39 47

46 57

60

0

41 40

It

37 04

49 20

«

14 25

50 00

30

40 21

42 54

a

10 70

55 25

cc

38 20

44 70

a

0

61 00

cc

35 55

47 30

55

0

40 04

ct

34 40

49 72

a

19 00

50 72

25

40 41

40 25

a

H> 71

53 60

tc

39 03

41 38

a

0

62 00

• Fc2Cl0+4H2O

ct

35 74

45 24

50

0

39 92

20

39 50

W 25

Fe2Cl6, 2HC1,

cc

3 25

30 95

cc

35 40

43 16

4H20

tc

21 24

49 33

10

38 02

37 48

ct

20 04

52 50

cc

37 46

3S 33

44

0

39 00

tt

36 30

3S 70

ct

10 70

38 00

tc

35 04

39 93

tt

14 80

38 70

0

37 27

36.60

tt

24 14

50 10

cc

34 60

38 11

40

13 40

37 45

—10

37 92

35 32

a

27 00

50 80

cc

34 54

36 00

33

15 70

37 06

ct

33 50

36 25

cc

29 20

42 70

—20

37 80

34 50

tt

31 08

46 85

cc

34 10

34 84

•tt

30 81

47 65

tt

32 56

35 44

428

IRON CHLORIDE

Sp gr of Fe2Cl6+Aq at 17 5°

Solubility of Fe2Cl6 in HCl+Aq

^

JS?

^

Sat solution, con tains

^s

Sp gr

^•2

Sp gr

6^

Sp gr

per 100 mols HzO

t°

Solid phase

"

w

mols HC1

mols
FeCb

1

1 0073

1A1 Ad

21

1 1644

41

1 3746

IOQ'VA

3

014b
1 0219

22
23

1 1746
1 1848

42
43

oo70
1 3994

30

0

12 70

4

1 0292

24

1 1950

44

1 4118

"

5 92

16 07

5

1 0365

25

1 2052

45

1 4242

"

0

20 90

6

1 0439

26

1 2155

46

1 4367

25

0

10 90

7

1 0513

27

1 2258

47

1 4492

"

2 33

23 72

8

1 0587

28

1 2365

48

1 4617

"

0

24 50

9

1 0661

29

1 2464

49

1 4742

20

0

10 20

10

1 0734

30

1 2568

50

1 4867

a

5 60

23 60

11

1 0814

31

1 2673

51

1 5010

tt

0

25 70

12

1 0894

32

1 2778

52

1 5153

10

0

9 10

13

1 0974

33

1 2883

53

1 5296

tt

8 75

8 00

14

1 1054

34

1 2988

54

1 5439

"

16 70

16 65

15

1 1134

35

1 3093

55

1 5582

tt

13 80

23 35

16

1 1215

36

1 3199

56

1 5729

0

0

8 25

17

1 1297

37

1 3305

57

1 5876

tt

7 52

6 51

18

1 1378

38

1 3411

58

1 6023

tt

13 37

6 33

18
19

1 1378
1 1458

38
39

1 3411
1 3517

58
59

1 6023
1 6170

tt

tt

16 80
18 45

8 70
10 23

Fe2C104- 12H20

20

1 1542

40

1 3622

60

1 6317

tt

20 40

15 40

tt

20 10

16 00

(Franz, J pr (2) 5 283 )

tt

19 95

17 70

Sp gr of Fe2Cl6+Aq at 17 5°

tt

tt

19 00
18 05

22 75
23 40

or

°7

°7

—10

0

7 40

Fea&le

Sp gr

Feafcl«

Sp gr

Fe Clu

Sp gr

tt

19 46

10 37

tt

1

1 008

21

1 191

41

1 428

tt

20 25

21 56

2

1 016

22

1 202

42

1 441

—12 5

22 14

16 69

3

1 025

23

1 212

43

1 454

—15

0

6 98

4

1 033

24

1 223

44

1 469

tt

21 30

9 65

5

1 042

25

1 234

45

1 481

—20

0

6 56

6

1 051

26

1 245

46

1 494

tt

7 50

4 90

7

1 060

27

1 256

47

1 507

tt

15 30

5 09

8

1 069

28

1 268

48

1 520

"

20 56

7 08

9

1 078

29

1 280

49

1 533

30

o

25 20

10

1 087

30

1 292

50

1 547

tt

4 25

27 80

11

1 095

31

1 304

51

1 560

it

o

30 24

12

1 104

32

1 316

52

1 573

25

o

23 50

13

1 113

33

1 328

53

1 587

tc

2 33

23 72

14

1 123

34

1 340

54

1 600

ct

7 50

29 75

15

1 131

35

1 352

55

1 612

cc

o

31 50

16

1 140

36

1 364

56

1 624

20

o

22 50

17

1 150

37

1 376

57

1 636

CC

5 60

23 60

18
19
20

1 160
1 170
1 180

38
39
40

1 390
1 403
1 415

58
59
60

1 648
1 659
1 670

tt
tc
ft

11 05
11 05
0

29 20
29 20
32 00

- Fe2C]6+7H2O

(Hager, Comm 1883 )

15

cc

10 75
14 90

23 50

28 35

Sp gr of cone Fe^Cle-fAq at 20-21°

10

13 80

1 *7 or»

23 35

f\ry fjti

FeaCU

fep gr

*e1,c

Sp,r

TeKl

bp,r

0

17 8(J
17 80
18 05

27 75
27 75
23 40

60

1 669

65

1 715

70

1 758

"

19 50

25 93

61

1 679

66

1 724

71

1 76b

62

1 688

67

1 733

72

1 774

63

1 697

68

1 742

73

1 782

64

1 706

69

1 750

74

1 790

(Hager, 1 c )

IRON CHLORIDE

429

Solubility of Fe2Cl6 m HCl-fAq — Cont^nued

Sat solution contains

Sat solution contains
per 100 mols H2O

t°

per 100 mols H2O

Solid phase

,

t°

Solid phase

mols HC1

FeCls

mols

mols HC1

FeCls

33

30 45

48 70

50

0

35 00

30

17 15

36 75

it

3 25

39 95

it

31 20

43 49

44

0

33 50

it

33 80

47 80

K

3 04

33 80

tt

32 60

49 93

tt

10 62

34 64

25

19 50

35 25

n

11 50

35 60

tc

20 60

35 34

it

10 70

38 00

tt

31 34

41 58

40

0

32 40

tt

33 00

43 00

tc

13 40

37 45

It

34 65

44 80

33

0

31 00

20

21 25

3425

((
30

15 70
0

37 06
30 24

it
tt

28 81
3423

37 57
42 02

• Fe2Clfi+4H20

(t

17 20

34 00

tt

35 40

43 16

it

17 15

36 75

15

29 40

36 50

25

0

29 00

u

33 60

40 03

a
it

7 50
19 50

29 75
35 25

• Fe2Cl6+5H20

10

tt

24 50
35 04

32 75
39 95

20

0

27 90

0

26 00

32 16

it

11 05

29 20

tt

34 60

38 11

tt

15 80

30 68

—10

27 30

32 05

tt

21 25

34 25

it

33 56

36 25

15

14 90

28 35

—20

30 08

32 76

it

16 40

29 32

it

32 65

35 44

10

17 80

27 75

45

0

58 00

ti

18 80

28 70

n

31 28

50 08

tt

24 50

32 75

tt

40 65

48 60

0

24 12

30 04

40

0

58 00

It

26 00

32 16

it

27 00

50 80

—10

24 95

29 60

tt

42 01

48 64

Fe2Cl6

tt

26 05

30 50

35

0

58 00

anhydrous

tt

27 30

32 05

cc

29 01

50 33

70

0

44 0

1C

37 04

49 20

tt

b 75

50 00

30

0

58 00

tt

0

55 80

tt

32 60

49 93

65

0

42 50

tc

34 40

49 72

«

10 25

50 00

40

42 50

47 52

tt

3 75

57 25

tt

42 01

48 64

(i

0

59 00

35

39 47

46 57

60

0

41 40

tc

37 04

49 20

<

14 25

50 00

30

40 21

42 54

<

10 70

55 25

ct

3S 20

44 70

i

0

(>1 00

cc

35 55

47 30

55

0

40 (>4

ct

34 40

49 72

<

19 00

50 72

25

40 41

40 25

<

Ib 71

5* ()()

tc

39 03

41 38

«

0

<>2 00

Fc2C10-f4H2O

tc

35 74

45 24

50

0

39 92

20

39 50

39 25

Fe2Cle, 2HC1,

cc

* 25

59 95

ct

35 40

43 16

4H20

«

21 24

49 *J

10

38 62

37 48

«

20 04

52 50

CC

37 46

38 33

44

0

39 00

tc

36 30

38 70

«

10 70

3S 00

tt

35 04

39 93

tt

14 80

4S 70

0

37 27

36-60

<t

24 14

50 10

cc

34 60

38 11

40

H 40

37 45

—10

37 92

35 32

«

27 00

50 SO

cc

34 54

3b 00

33

15 70

37 06

tt

33 56

36 25

a

29 20

42 70

—20

37 80

34 50

tt

31 08

46 85

cc

34 10

34 84

tt

30 81

47 65

tc

32 56

35 44

430

IRON CHLORIDE

Solubility of Fe2Cl6 m HCl+Aq —Continued

Solubility of Fed, +KC1 m H2O at 2

Sat solution contains
per 100 mols HaO

Substance added

Pts by weight sol in 30
pts of solution

t°

Solid phase

FeCls grams

KCl grams

FeCls

KC

] TTOl

mols

FeCls

9^

Q

34. <

— 4 5

1C

((

— 6

tt

C(

(t
It

tt

20 50
20 66
23 42
29 10
26 18
24 41
23 25
21 73
19 73

24 50
25 74
27 40
24 73
21 75
21 50
21 35
21 84
25 50

13
18
3
28
31
36 2
41 5
46 5

KO

28
21
18 5
16
10 5
9
8
6
0 5

13 44
23 18
28 05
35 72
36 62
37 35
42 03
51 69

24 A
16 i
11 6
11 i
11 ]
13 €
7 £
7 i

tt
tt

24 42
28 20

28 45
27 04

155

0

83 89

0

—10

(i

20 48
24 90

20 54
18 94

(Hinnchsen and Sachsel, Z phys Ch 1 )4,
50 95 )

tt

28 75

20 34

tt
tt

31 42
28 25

28 53
30 25

FeuCk 2HC1,
8B*0

FeCls -f-NaCl

tt
— 15

26 05
24 50

30 50
15 83

Solubility of FeCls+NaCl in H20 at 21

—15
—20

28 40
19 44

31 89
12 10

Substance added

Pts by weight sol in iO
pts of solution

tt

22 83
25 20

11 63
11 60

FeCls grams

NaCl grams

FeCls

Nad

tt

tt
tt
tt
tt
tt

27 20
31 08
34 13
33 93
30 08
28 70

11 31
11 51
12 90
31 77
32 76
32 88

0
1 8
3 6
5 5
7 2
9 0

3 6
3 0
2 5
2 0
1 5
1 0

0
24 27
25 40
26 40
38 15
43 38

36 1
9 1
8 4
5 2
3 9
2 4

—10

12 01

11 99

10 8

0 5

46 75

2 1

it

19 78

14 02

10 8

0

83 39

0

20 95

16 20

tt

20 25

2020

(Hmnchsen and Sachsel, Z phvs Ch 1 )4,

tt

17 73

20 70

50 94)

tt

15 44

19 65

—12 5

1 K

22 14
91 ^n

16 69

9G.K

Solubility of FeCls in NaCl+Aq at t°

ft

24 50

15 83

FeaCle, 2HC1,

1 rtTT /"\

t°

Substance added % Qf Fe t

— 20

9 96

9 94

12H20

tnc soiut i

it

13 32

8 57

FeCb

NaCl

tt
tt
tt
tt
tt
tt
tt

16 90
18 97
20 56
23 40
24 85
25 20
25 40
25 59

7 35
7 Ib
7 08
7 20
9 88
11 60
12 37
13 39

10
10
10
20
20
20
30
30

40
60
100
60
80
100
70
90

20 15 2
20 15 2
20 15 16
20 16 2
20 16 18
20 16 2
30 17 7
30 17 6

30

110

30 17 67

(Roozeboom and Schrememakers. Z phys

50

30

20 23 5

Ch 1894,15 633)

50

45

20 23 9

40

35

30 25 4

Solubility of Fe2Cl6+NH4Cl

40

50

30 25 5

See NH4Cl+Fe2Cl6 under NH4C1

30

30

20 23 8

30

45

20 24 0

Solubility of Fe2Cl6 in CsCl
See CsCl+Fe2Cl6 under CsCl

17 6
17 6

30
50

20 24 47
20 24 5

(Hmrichsen and Sachsel, Z phys Ch 1( 4,

50 95)

IRON PHOSPHORIC CHLORIDE

431

Difficultly sol in AsBr8 (Walden, Z
anorg 1902, 29 374 )

Attacked by liquid N02 in the presence of
traces of moisture (Frankland, Chem Soc
1901,79 1361)

Sol in liquid SO2 (Walden, B 1899, 32
2864)

Sol in alcohol ether, acetic ether (Cann,
C R 102 363), and acetone (Krug and
M'Elroy, J anal Ch 6 184)

SI sol in ethylamine (Shmn, J phys
Chem 1907, 11 538 )

Sol in benzomtrile (Naumann, B 1914,
47 1369)

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B

1909, 42 3790 )

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B

1910, 43 314 )

1 g FeCl8 is sol m 1 59 g acetone at 18°
Sp gr of sat solution 18°/40-1 160 (Nau-
mann, B 1904, 37 4333 )

Sol in acetone and in methylal (Eidmann,
C C 1899,11 1014)

Sol m qumohne CBeckmann and Gabel,
Z anorg 1906, 51 236 )

SI sol in CS2 (Arctowski, Z anorg 1894,
6 257)

Mol weight determined m pyndine
(Werner, Z anorg 1897, 16 22 )

Sublimed

Sol in AsCls, POC13, S02C12 and PBr3, si
sol in PCla (Walden, Z anorg 1900, 25
214)

The salts with different amts of crystal
H20 have different solubilities (Roozeboom

+4H20 Melts in crystal H2O at 73 5°

100 mols H20 dissolve mols Fe2Cle from
Fe2Cl6+4H20 at t°

t°

Mols
re2Cl6

t°

Mols

Fe2Cle

t°

Mols
Fe2Cl6

50
55
60

19 96
20 32
20 70

69
72 5
73 5

21 53
23 35
25 00

72 5
70
66

26 15
27 90
29 20

(Roozeboom, Z phys Ch 10 477 )
+5H/) Correct formula for -f 6H 0 salt

100 inols H2O dissolve mols Fe2Clo from
Fe2Cl6+5H2O at t°

(Roozeboom )

Melts m crystal H20 at 31° (Engel, C R
104 1708), at 56° (Roozeboom)

+6H20 Very deliquescent Sol m al-
cohol Ether dissolves out Fe2Cle

t°

Mols

re2ci6

t°

Mols
FeaCle

t°

Mols
FesCls

15 12
15 54

20
27 4

11 35
12 15

32
32 5

13 55

14 99

30
25

t°

Mols
FeaCle

t

Mols
FeClr

t°

Mols
Fe2CU

—55

2 75

30

5 93

27 4

11 20

—41

2 81

35

6 78

20

12 15

—27

2 98

36 5

7 93

10

12 83

0

4 13

37

8 33

8

13 70

10

4 54

36

9 29

20

5 10

30

10 45

t

Mols

t

Mols

t

Mols

12

12 87

30

15 12

55

19 15

20

13 95

35

15 64

56

20 00

27

14 85

50

17 50

55

20 32

M -pt is 31° (Ordway ) Contains only
5H2O (Roozeboom )

+7H2O Melts m crystal H20 at 32 5°

100 mols H20 dissolve mols Fe2Cl6 from
Fe2Clc+7H2O at t°

(Roozeboom )

-f 12H20 Less deliquescent than Fe2Cl6
or Fe2Cl6+5H20

100 mols H20 dissolve mols Fe2Cle from
Fe2Cl6+12H2O att°

(Roozeboom )

Sol m alcohol Ether dissolves out Fe2Cl6
Melts in crystal H2O at 37° (Roozeboom),
at 35 5° (Ordway)

Ferric hydrogen chloride, FeCls, HC1+2H20

Decomp by H2O (Sabatier, Bull Soc (2)
197)

More sol m H2O than FeCl8 (Engel, C R
104 1708)

For solubility, see FeCl3+HCl, under
ferric chloride

+6H/) (Roozeboom and Schrememak-
ers )

For solubility, see FeCl3-f-HCl, under
ferric chloride

Ferrous lithium chloride, FeCl2, LiCl-f-3H20
(Chassevant, A ch (6) 30 17 )

Feme magnesium chloride, FeCls, MgCl2+

H2O
Deliquescent (Neumann, B 18 2890 )

Ferrous mercuric chloride, FtCl2, HgCl2 +

4H20
Deliquescent (v Bonsdorff )

Ferric mtrosyl chlonde, FeCl3, NOC1

Very deliquescent (Weber, Pogg 118
477)

Feme phosphoric chlonde, FeCla, PCU

Decomp by H2O (Baudnmont, A ch (4)
2 15)

432

IRON POTASSIUM SULPHIDE

Iron (ferrous) potassium chloride, FeGU,

2KC1+2H20
Sol inH20 (Berzehus)

Feme potassium chloride, FeCls, 2KC1+
H26

A little H2O dissolves out FeCl8 (Fntzsche
J pr 18 483 )
Sol

332)

in H2O (Walden, Z anorg 1894, 71

Feme rubidium chlonde, FeCl3, 3RbCl
Easily sol in H2O Insol m HC1+ Aq

(Godeffroy, Arch Phann (3) 9 343 )
FeCl8, 2RbCl+H20 Decomp by H20

(Neumann, A 244 329 )
Sol in H20 (Walden, Z anorg 1894, 7

332)

Feme sulphur chlonde, FeCl8, SCI*

Very sensitive toward heat and moisture
(Ruff, B 1904, 37 4518 )

Feme thallium chlonde, FeCl8, 3T1C1

Decomp byH2O Can be crystallised from
ECl-f-Aq (Wohler, A 144 250 )

Ferrous chlonde ammonia, 3FeCl2, 2NH8

Decomp by H20 (Rogstadius, J pr 86
310)

FeCl2,6NH3 Loses 4NH3 at 100° (Miller,
\ 17 577 )
Decomp in the air (Miller)

me cmoride ammonia, FeCl3, NHS

Slowly deliquescent Sol m H20 with
evolution of heat (Rose, Pogg, 24 302 )

FeCl3, 6NH3 Not deliquescent, not sol
in H20, sol in HC1 with decomp (Miller.
Am Ch J 1895, 17 577 )

Loses NH8 to give FeCls, 5NH3, and FeCl3,
4NH8

Feme chloride cyanhydnc acid, FeCl3, 2HCN
Deliquescent (Klein, A 74 85 )

Ferrous chloride nitric oxide, FeCl2, NO

Sol m H2O without evolution of gas
(Thomas, C R 1895, 121 204 )

+2H2O Sol m cold H2O without decomp
(Thomas, C R 1895, 120 448 )

2FeCl2, NO Very hydroscopic (Thomas,
C R 1895,121 129)

10FeCl2, NO Very hygroscopic (Thomas
C R 1895, 121 128 )

Ferric chlonde nitric oxide, Fe2CI6, NO
Very hygroscopic Loses NO when ex-

posed to the air
2Fe2Cl6, NO Very hygroscopic In con-

tact with H20 gives off NO ( Thomas, C R

1895, 120 447 )

Iron (ferrous) fiuonde, FeFg

SI sol m H2O, insol in alcohol and ether
Partly sol in hot HCl+Aq, slowly sol in
cold, easily in hot HN03, decomp by H2SO4
(Poulenc.C R 115 941)

+8H20 Difficultly sol in H20, more
easily if it contains HF (Berzehus )

Ferrofemc fluoride, FeFs, FeF2+7H20

Sol m dil HF+Aq (Weinland, Z anorg
1899, 22 268 )

Feme fluonde, FeF3

SI sol m H20, insol m alcohol or ether
SI attacked by HN08j HC1, or H2S04+Aq
(Poulenc, C R 115 941 )

+4^H20 More sol in hot than cold H2O
Insol in alcohol (Scheurer-Kestner. A ch
(3) 68 472 )

Feme nickel fluonde, FeF8, NiF2+7H3O

SI sol in dil HF+Aq (Weinland, Z
anorg 1899, 22 268 )

Ferrous potassium fluonde, FeF2, KF+2H20
(Wagner, B 19 896 )
FeF2, 2KF SI sol in H20 (Berzehus )

Feme potassium fluonde, FeFs, 2KF

Somewhat sol in H20, especially if hot
(Berzelms )

+H20 (Christensen, J pr (2) 35 164 )
FeF3, 3KF Properties as above (Ber-
zehus )

Feme sodium fluonde, FeF3, 2NaF-f J^H20
Rather easily sol in H20 Solution de-
comp on heating Very sol m FeCl3+Aq
(Nickles, J Pharm (4) 10 14 )
FeF3, 3NaF (Wagner, B 19 896 )

Feme thallous fluonde, 2FeF3, 3T1F

Sol in hot H20, less sol in cold fil
sol in HF (Ephraim, Z anorg 1909. 61
239)

Ferrous titanium fluoride
See Fluotitanate, ferrous

Ferric zinc fluonde, FeF3, 2nF2-f 7H20

SI sol m dil HF-f-Aq (Weinland. Z
anorg 1899, 22 269 )

Ferrous hydroxide, FeO2H2

Sol in 150,000 pts H20 (Bmeau, C R
41 509)

Insol m KOH, or NaOH-fAq Sol in
NH4 salts +Aq SI sol in NaC2H8O2+Aq
(Mercer )

Not pptd in presence of Na citrate Insol
in boiling cane sugar -fAq, but si sol when
KOH has been added Not pptd in presence
of much HaCJEIA (Rose )

IRON HYDROXIDES

433

Solubility in glycerine -|- Aq containing
about 60% by vol of glycerine

100 ccm of the solution contain 1 0 g FeO
(Muller, Z anorg 1905, 43 322 )

Iron (feme) hydroxides, Fe203,

Many indefinite compounds of Fe208 and
H20 are known, and uncertainty exists as to
their composition

According to van Bemmelen (R t c 7 106)
there are probably no true definite compounds
of Fe203 and H20

According to Tommasi (B 12 1924, 2334).
there are two series of Fe hydroxides, a, rea
hydroxides, and ft yellow hydroxides

a Hydroxides Fe2OeH6 (unstable), Fe208,
2H20 (loses H20 at 50°), and Fe203} H20 (loses
H20 at 92°)

Sol in dil acids and in Fe2Cle+Aq. and
pptd from the latter solution by Na2S04, or
H2S04+Aq

13 Hydi oxides Fe2O6H6 (stable below 70°),
Fe203, 2H20 (loses H20 at 105°), Fe203, H20
(loses H2O at 150°)

SI sol m acids, and msol in Fe2Cl6+Aq
(Tommasi ) *

The following more or less uncertain data
are given

2Fe208, H2O Sol in HCl+Aq Very si
sol m HN03+Aq (Davies, Chem Soc
(2) 4 69 )
Mm Turgite

Fe203, H20 Insol m cold acids, difficultly
sol in warm HC1 and H2SO4+Aq. and especi-
ally m warm HN03+Aq (Sehiff, A 114 199 )
Mm Gothite

2Fo 03, 3H2O SI sol in tartan c, citric,
or acotio icids, but easily sol in HCl+Aq
(Wittstom )

Scam ly itt ickul by cone HN03, or HC1 +

Aq Sol in icetic aoid or dil HN08, orHCl +

Aq, from which solution it is pptd by trace of

alkih salts (St Gillos)

Mm Lnnorntc

ttoO,, 5110 (Muck)

*e/)1? 2ir2() I< isily sol in IICl+Aq

Mm \(tnl/io^((l( ntt

Fe OH, ^H O SI sol m icetic icid of 1 03

sp p;r , but ( isily sol if of 1 076 sp gr Sol

m mine id uuls (Innlxr^r, J B 1853 70)

Pptd !<(/), xll O = lu2()fH((0 Insol

m H (), or in solutions of the ilk ihos or NH4

salts Wh< n nnntly pptd is ( isiiy sol in

acids (lirrs< nius )

SI sol in Nir4OH, md NH4 silts+Aq
(Odhns )

\ppmritly msol in NK4Cl, 01 (NH4) CO.
+Aq (Brdt, 1837)

81 sol in f one , but msol in dil KOH+Aq
(Chorine w, J pi 28 221 )

SI sol m vciy (one KOH+Aq free from
CO 2 (Vol(kci,A 59 34)

Not at ill sol m pure cone KOH+Aq
solubility noticed by previous observers bein;
caused by the presence of silicic acid (Sand
rock )

SI sol in cone alka.1i carbonates +Aq

When freshly pptd , it is not acted upon by
one K2C03+Aq (Grotthaus )

Readily sol m cone (NH4)2CO8+Aq, but
ptd by addition of H20

Sol in excess of (NH4)2CO8+Aq when
>ptd by that reagent (Wohler )

Sol in solutions of the alkali bicarbonates
Berzelius )

Sol in aqueous solutions of water-glass
Ordway )

Immediately dissolved by H2SO8+Aq

Sol m NH4F+Aq (Helmholt, Z anorg

124)

Sol in cone Al2(S04)3+Aq (Schneider.
B 23 1352)

SI sol in a solution of MgC08(?) (Bis-
shof)

Insol m ethylamme, or amylamine+Aq
Wurtz, A ch (3) 30 472 )

Sol in boiling solution of Bi(N08)a, with
pptn of Bi2O8 (Persoz )

Sol in Cr2Cle+Aq, after 3 months 15 mols
Fe206H6 were dissolved by 1 mol Cr2Cle
;B£champ, A ch (3) 67 296 )

Insol m fumaric acid, even when freshly
pptd

When recently pptd, it is easily sol in
KHC4H4O6+Aq, but after drying it is dif-
ficultly sol therein

When moist easily sol in H2C4H406+Aq,
)ut after drying is scarcely sol therein when
cold, and only si sol when hot (Werther)

Easily sol m acetic, citric, and other acids
(Wittstem )

Solubility in glycerine +Aq containing
about 60% by vol of glycerine

100 ccm of the solution contain 08 g
Fe O3 (Muller, Z anorg 1905, 43 322 )

Easily sol m aqueous solution of sucrates
of Ca, Ba, Sr, K, Na (Hunton, 1837 )

Unacted upon by cane sugar +Aq (Glad-
stone )

SI sol in cane sugar +Aq, from which it is
pptd by (NH4)2S+Aq, but not by NH4OH,
or K4FeC«N6 + Aq (Peschier )

Solubility of luAjHn in sugar solutions 1 1
of sugar solution of givon sticngth dis-
solves m<j£ of lu OfFCr

c/ SiiLJir

M,, le OflH6

it 17 t°

fit 4,

ut 7o°

10

i 4

3 4

b 1

i()

2 *

2 7

3 8

r)()

2 3

1 9

3 4

(Stolk / Vu /udvcimd 1000 50 340)

Not pptd from solutions by alkalies or

kali carbonates in presence of man> organic
substances, as tartaric acid, sugar, etc

Not pptd by NH4OH from solutions con-
taining Na4P2O7 (Rose, Pogg 76 19 )

Not pptd by NH4OH in presence of Na
citrate (Spiller )

434

IRON HYDROXIDE

Soluble (a) By dialysis Solutions con-
taining 1% can be concentrated somewhat,
whereupon they gelatinise They also gela-
tinise by cold, or addition of traces of H2S04,
alkalies, alkali carbonates or sulphates, or
neutral salts, not, however, by HC1, HJSTOS,
alcohol, or sugar (Graham, A 121 46 )

When a oM solution of a solid organic acid.
or an alkah, or salt is added to a dialysed
solution of FeaOeHe, a coagulum sol in H20
is formed, but if the solutions are cone the
separating coagulum is no longer sol in H20
(Athenstadt, C C 1871 822 )

(&) Pean St Chiles' hydroxide, or meta-iron
hydroxide Sol in H20 Pptd from solution
by traces of H2S04, HC1, HN03-j-Aq, and
alkalies, the ppt is insol in cold acids, but
sol in pure H20 (Pean St Gilles, A ch (3)
46 47)

See also table by Krecke in the article on
feme chloride

Iron (Ferrofemc) hydroxide, Fe804, H20 (?)
Sol in acids
Fe*04, 4H2O (Lefort )

Ferrous iodide, Fel2

Very deliquescent Sol in H20 Solution
decomp on evaporating

+4H2O Very deliquescent, si sol in
H20, sol in ether (Jackson, Am Ch J
1900,24 19)

+5H20 Deliquescent Sol in alcohol
Sol m sugar +Aq, and solution is much more
stable than aqueous solution Easily sol in
glycerine

Insol in methylene iodide (Retgers, Z
anorg 3 343)

-^«H20, and +9H20 Very sol , pptd from
aq solution (Volkmann, C C 1894,
II 611 )

Feme iodide, FeI3

Has not been isolated Solution of I in
FeI2+Aq in the molecular ratio of I FeI2
probably contains FeI3

Very sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am
Ch J 1898, 20 828 )

Ferrous mercuric iodide, FeI2, 2HgI2-f 6H2O
As the corresponding Mg salt (Dubom,
C R 1907, 145 714 )

Ferrous iodide ammonia, FeI2, 6NH3

Decomp by H2O (Jackson, Am Ch J
1900, 24 27 )

Ferrous mercuric iodide

Very deliquescent Decomp by H2O, sol
in HC2H3O2 or alcohol

Iron molybdemde, FeMo2

Attacked by HCl+Aq with difficultly
Sol in hot cone H2SO4 (Stemacker )

Iron nitride

Easily decomp by H20 when finely p v-
dered (Rossel, C R 1895, 121 942 )

Fe*N Easily sol in HN03,HC1, or H2{ )4
+Aq Very slowly decomp byH20 (St 1-
schmidt, Pogg 125 37 )

Sol m HC1 with decomp , decomp >
steam and by H2S at 200° (Fowler, C I
1894,68 152)

Fe5N2 Probably the same as the ab< e
compound (Rogstadius, J pr 86 307 )

fronmtrososulphanbmonate, Fe4S(NO)eSb 6

(Low, C C 1865 948 )

Does not exist, but was impure sodium i -

rotetfranitrososulphide (Pawel, B 16 26C )

Iron xutrososulphides

See Ferrofefranitrososulphydric acid a i
Ferrofoptanitrososulpnide, ammonium

Fe3S6H2(NO)4 (Roussm, C R 46 224

Fe3S3(NO)4+2H20 (Porczinsky, A 1 >
302)

FeBS.(NO)tt-h4HiO (Rosenberg, B \
312) „

The compound to which the above fonm a
were given was impure, according to Pawel ( >
12 1407 and 1949, 16 2600), and contain i
more or less Na or NH4 Pawel considers t e
substance as NH4 salt of ferro/ieptanitro -
sulphydnc acid, which see

Fe3S2NBO6+lJ^H20 Sol m H20, alcoh ,
ether, CHCla, acetone and ethyl aceta
Insol in benzene and light petroleum (Mai ,
C R 1*96, 122/ 138 )

Iron sodium mtrososulphide, 3Na2S, Fe2l ,

2NO
(Roussm )

Na8Fe8S9(NO) is (Rosenberg )
Correct formula is Na2S2(NO)4Fe2, sodiu i
ferrofetframtrososulphide

Iron mtrososulphocarbonate, Fe4S(NO)6CS2
3H2O

(Low, C C 1865 948 )

Correct formula is NaS3(N"0)7Fe4-f2H2<
sodium ferro/ieptomtrososulphide (Pawi
B 15 2600 )

Ferrous oxide, FeO

Insol in H20 Sol in acids

Easih sol in HC1, and HNO3-|-Aq, near
insol in H2S04, even when heated (Tissa)
dier, C R 74 531 )

Feme oxide, Fe203

Attacked by acids with difficulty, the moi
so the higher it has been heated HCl-f A
is the best solvent, m which it is more quick!
sol by long digestion at a gentle heat tha
by boiling CFresenms )

Most easily sol in 16 pts of a mixture (
8 pts H2S04 and 3 pts H20 (Mitscherhcl
J pr 81 110)

IRON OXIDE

435

Solubility of Fe203 in HF-f Aq at 25°

Time

G FeaOa in
10 ccm of
the solution

N-HF

4J^hrs

21H "
45% "

0 1581
0 2235
0 2279

0 5N-HF

2H "

m "

23^ "
56^ "

0 0579
0 0884
0 1045
0 1162

0 25N-HF

^A "
&A "

24% "
1423/6 "

0 0180
0 0345
0 0475
0 0534

equal amts
JST-HF+N-HCl

2% "
%1A "
23% "
96
264 "

0 1011
0 1611
0 1976
0 2223
0 2297

(Deussen, Z anorg 1905, 44 414 )

Solubility of Fe203 in HCl+Aq at 25°

Time

G FeaOa in
10 ccm of
the solution

N-HC1

4%hrs
21H "
45J^ "

0 0409
0 1230
0 2125

0 5N-HC1

2H "

SX "

2%y2 "

56^ "

0 0126
0 0188
0 0382
0 0672

025N-HC1

2K "
8H "
24££ "
1421A "

0 0040
0 0054
0 0120
0 0306

equal vol

N-HCl+N-No*

2M "
8H "
2^/C "
72K "
215 "

0 0444
0 0640
0 0743
0 0757
0 07b6

(Deubscn, 1 c )

Solubility of IHe2Oj in N-oxahc acid at 25°

1 ini(

C J <»Oa in 10 com of

the solution

IH hrs

22 "
94 "

0 0310
0 0790
0 1960
0 2326

(Deussen )

Absolutely insol in Br$ + Aq (Balard )
Insol in hot NH4Cl+Aq (Rose )
Insol inKOH+Aq (Chodnew, J pr 28
222)

Slowly sol in an aq solution of calcium
hydrogen carbonate The velocity of the
reaction may be much increased by the addi-
tion of small amounts of alkali sulphate or
CaS04 (Rohland, Z anal 1909, 48 629 )

Insol m benzomtrile (Naumann, B 1914,
47 1370)

Insol m acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329 )
Solubility m (calcium sucrate+sugar) +Aq
1 1 solution containing 418 6 g sugar and
34 3 g CaO dissolves 6 26 g Fe208, 296 5 g
sugar and 24 2 g CaO dissolves 4 71 g Fe208,
174 4 g sugar and 14 1 g CaO dissolves 3 08 g
Fe208 (Bodenbender, J B 1865 600 )

Solubility of Fe2O8 in sugar solutions 1 1
of sugar solution of given strength dis-
solves mg Fe208

% Sugar

mg FeaOs

at 17 5°

at 45°

10
30
50

1 4
1 4
0 8

2 0
1 1

(Stolle, Z Ver Zuckennd, 1900, 50 340 )

Calcined
Solubility of calcined Fe2O3 in acids at 25°

Acid

lime

g re20s in
10 ccm of the
solution

N-HF

4j^hrs
43^ '
129K '

0 0889
0 2035
0 2194

N-HC1

±1A '
43^ '
139 1A '

0 0224
0 1000
0 1910

(Deussen, Z anorg 1905, 44 413 )

See also Feme hydroxide
Mm Hematite Rathor easily sol in HC1
-f-Aq, but not readily sol in other acids

M etairon oxide
See Ferric hydroxides

Ferroferric oxide, 6FeO, Po2O3

FcO, Fe203 =Fe304 With insufficient HC1
H-Aq for complete solution, FeO is dissolved
and Fe 03 left (Berzelms )

Insol in HNOs+Aq at the ordinary tem-
perature (Millon )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329)

436

IRON OXIDE ZINC OXIDE

Solubility of Fe2O4 in sugar solutions 1 1 of
sugar solution of given strength dissolves
mg Fe 04

% Sugar

mg FeaO*

at 17 b°

at 45°

at 75°

10
30
50

10 3
12 4
14 5

10 3
10 3
10 3

12 4
12 4
14 5

(Stolle, Z Ver Zuckennd 1900, 50 340 )

Mm Magnetite Insol in HN03, but so!
in hot HCl+Aq

Iron sesqwoxide zinc oxide, Fe203, ZnO
See Fernte, zinc

Feme oxybromide

Basic ferric bromides containing three
equivalents, or less, of base to one of acic
may be obtained dissolved in H20 (Ordway
Am J Sci (2) 26 202 )

The most basic soluble compound obtamec
by three months' digestion of FeaOeHe with
Fe2Br6-f-Aq, is Fe2Br*, 14Fe208 (BSchamp *

Feme oxychlondes

(a) Soluble Fe206H6 dissolves in Fe2Cl6+
Aq By digesting until the acid reaction 01
the chloride has disappeared a solution of
Fe2Cl6, 2Fe2O3 is obtained (Pettenkofer
Repert (2) 41 289 )

By digesting for several days in the cold,
Fe2Cl6,5Fe2Os is obtained, and still more basic
compounds by further addition of Fe2O6H6
When the solution contains Fe2Cl6, 12Fe2Os it
gelatinises, but still dissolves completely in
H20 The most basic soluble compound is
Fe2Cl6, 20Fe203 (BSchamp, A ch (3) 67

•aaD )

If the digestion is carried on several weeks,
a solution containing Fe2Cl6, 23Fe203 is ob-
tained, this can be boiled and diluted with-
out pptn , but Fe206H6 is precipitated by the
addition of very many salts (Ordway, Sill
Am J (2)26 197)

Solutions containing 10 or less molecules
Fe203 to 1 mol Fe2Cl6 can be dried without
the oxychlonde becoming insoluble (Ord-
way)

The above solutions do not become cloudy
by boiling or diluting (Phillips )

A very dil solution of Fe2Cl6, 10Fe203 re-
mains clear after protracted boiling, and may
be boiled without decomp even when Fe2Ck
20Fe208 is present (Beehamp )

UNO 3, and HCl+Aq form precipitates m
the above solutions, which are sol on addition
of more H20 H2S04-f Aq forms a precipi-
tate msol in H20 (Bd champ )

Fe2Cl6, 9Fe203 is easily sol in H20, weak
ajcohol, and glycerine, but solutions are pptd
by small amts of H2S04, M2S04, citric or

tartanc acids, or a few drops of HC1. >r
HNOs+Aq (Jeannel, C R 46 799 )

Solutions containing 5 mols Fe2O8 to 1 n 1

Fe2Cl6 are completely precipitated by K2S 4,

Na2S04, MgS04, KN03, NaN08, Zn(NO ^

KC1, NaCl, NH4C1, CaCl2, MgCl2, Zn< 2,
KBr,orKSCN (B^champ )

Ba(N08)2 does not precipitate solutions )f
less than 18-20 Fe203 to 1 Fe2Cl6

Pb(N03)2 or Pb(C2H302)2 do not prec i-

tate solutions containing the <jompoi d

Fe2CI6, 12Fe203, but a mixture of the i o
salts causes complete precipitation

Solution has been obtained containing 6

Fe203 to 1 FeCle, probably owing to a forr i/-

tion of soluble colloidal Fe208 (Magmer e
la Source, C R 90 1352 )

Solubility determinations in the syst n

FeaO», HC1 and H20, show that at 25° o

definite basic chloride is formed, but that e

stable solid phase is one of a series of sc d

solutions containing Fe203, HC1 and H >
(Cameron, J phys Chem 1907, 11 694 )

(P) Insoluble Fe->Ck 6Fe203+9H2O

(1) By exposing FeCl2+Aq to air Ins I
in H20 si sol m HCl+Aq (Wittstein )

(2) From FeCl2+Aq and HN03 In« I
in H20, and si sol m HCl-f Aq (B<§cham )

2Fe2Cl6, 25Fe203+41H20 Insol m H >
(Be'champ )

Fe2Cl6? 2Fe203+3H20 Decomp by E }

with residue of Fe203, si sol m dil aci 3
'Rousseau, C R 110 1032 )

Fe2Cl6, 3Fe203 As above (Rousse ',
: R 113 542 )

oxyflubnde, 3Fe203, 2FeF3+4H2O

Ppt (Scheurer-Kestner )

Feme oxysulphide, Fe203, 3Fe2S3
(Rammelsberg )

ron phosphide, FeP

Very slowly (Freese), not (Hvoslef, A It
9) sol in hot HCl+Aq Still more msol
il H2S04+Aq (Freese)

Slowly sol in HN03+Aq, and easily =
n aqua regia (Struve )

Insol in ammonum citrate +Aq, si s
n HC1 (Dennis, J Am Chem Soc 18<

Fe2P Slowly but completely sol m H<
r dil H2S04-f Aq Sol in hot cone H2S<
n HN03, and m aqua regia (* reese, Poi
32 225)

Insol in all acids except m a mixtme
IN03 and HF (Maronneau. C R 19(
30 657 )

Fe3P4 Very slowly sol m hot cone HC]

q 0 1 g dissolves by 4 days' heating wj

ICl+Aq, 0 3 g dissolves m hot cone H2S

n 1 J^ hours, 0 4 g m 2 hours in HNO3+^

uite easily sol in aqua regia on warmii

Freese )

Fe2P3 Insol m HC1, HN03 and aq
egia Sol in potassium hypobromite so

IRON SULPHIDE

437

tion (Granger, Bull Soc 1896, (3) 16
1086)

Fe4P3 Very slowly sol in boiling HC1-|-
Aq Easily sol in HN03 or aqua regia
(Struve, J B 1860 77 )

Mixture (Freese, Pogg 132 225 )

Almost insol in aqua regia Sol in fused
alkali (Granger )

Fe3P Nearly insol in dil acids, rapidly
sol in HN03 or aqua regia, decomp by cone
HC1, or JKOH+Aq (Schneider, J B 1886
2026)

Of the nine iron phosphides described the
constitution has been established for only
two, Fe3P and Fe2P

Fe3P Sol mconc HC1

Fe2P Sol in hot aqua regia Insol in
other acids (Le Chatelier, C R 1909, 149
709)

Iron selemde, Fe2Se

Not attacked by HN03 or acetic acid SI
attacked by cone HC1 Readily attacked
by aqua regia Sol in HF (Vigouroux,
C R 1905, 141 829 )

FeSeH-o;H20 Sol m HC1, HN03, or
HC2H302+Aq Insol in alkalies, or (NH4)2S
+Aq (Reeb, J Pharm (4) 9 173 )

Fe2Se3 Sol in dil HC1, or HNO,-}-Aq with
evolution of H Se Sol in cone HNO3+Aq
(Little, A 112 211 )

Fe3Se4 Decomp by fuming HNO3
(Fonzes-Diacon, C R 1900, 130 1711)

Fe7Sea Decomp by fuming HNO3
(Fonzes-Diacon, C R 1900, 130 1711 )

FeSe2 Insol in cone HC1, decomp by
fuming HN03 (Fonzes-Diacon, C R 1900,
130 1711)

Iron silicide, Fe4Si

Difficultly sol in HCl4-Aq, easily sol even
in dil HF+Aq (Hahn, A 129 57 )

Lo^Si Not easily sol in cone HC1 and
HNO3 but readily sol in HB (Moissan,
C R 1S05, 121 62 ^ )

I'CioSiu Sol in hot HCl+Aq only when
me " 1 (Hahn)

] - \ by cone HI<orH2SO4

(H ihn )

Sol in cold lib (deChalmot, Am Ch J
1897, 19 12 i)

Existence questioned by Jouve, (Bull Soc
1901, 25 290-29 i)

LciSi Sof in ICI< ind in fused KNO3 ind
KNaCOj (dc Chalrnot, ) Am Chem Soc
1895, 17 924 )

Iron sc msulphide, I< ( 2^

Sol m dil acids with decomposition (Arf-
vedson, Pogg 1 72 )

Ferrous sulphide, FeS

Decomp by dil acids, with evolution of
H2S and without separation of S, except with
HN03-}-Aq

+rcH20 SI sol in H20, especially if hot
(Berzelms )

1 1 H20 dissolves 70 1 x HH moles FeS at
18° (Weigel, Z phys Ch 1907, 58 294 )

Very violently decomp , even by dil acids
Sol in H2S08H-Aq Insol m H*S, or (NH4)2S
+Aq SI sol in Na2S, or K2S+Aq Sol in
NaoS or K2S 4-Aq (de Koninck, Z angew
Ch 1891 204)

Insol in NH4N03, or NH4Cl+Aq (Brett )

Not completely pptd in presence of Na cit-
rate (Spiller )

Contrary to assertion of Persoz, it can be
nearly completely pptd in presence of
Na*P2O7 by (NH4)2S+Aq (Rose, Pogg 76
18)

Sol in alkali sulpho-molybdates, -tung-
states, -vanadates, -arsenates, -antimonates,
and -stannates (Storch, B 16 2015 )

Sol in KCN+Aq

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898,20 828)

Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)

Solubility of FeS in sugar solutions 1 1
sugar of given strength dissolves mg FeS

mg FeS

% Sugar

at 1" 5°

at 45

at 75°

10

3 8

3 8

5 3

30

7 1

9 1

7 2

50

9 9

19 8

9 1

(Stolle, Z Ver Zuckeimd 1900,50 300)

Colloidal — A very dilute solution has been
obtained which coagulated very readily
(Winssmger, Bull Soc (2) 49 452 )

Ferric sulphide, Fe^Ss

Decomp by dil HC1, or H2S04+Aq with
evolution of H2&, It ivmg a residue of FeS2

+ 1J3H,O Sol in NH4OH+Aq, also m
alcoholic ammonia SI sol in (NH4)2&+very
dil Na>S2Oj-t-Aq (Phipson, C N 30 139)

Iron r/isulphide, I1 c S

Insol mdil HC1, 01 II SO4+Aq Decomp
by HNOj or iqu i H gi i with s< piirition of S
Insol in i 10% solution of ilko-h sulphide

Mm Pijiile M arcane Sol m a mixtiuc
of Na S ind NaOH+Aq Na S+Aq, or mix-
ture of Na2S xnd NaSH+Aq, insol in cold
NaSli+Aq Maicisitc is moie easily sol in
above than pynte (Bcckei, Sill Am J (3)
33 199 )

Ferrof emc sulphide, FesSa or I evSg

Mm PyrrhotiLe Sol m dil icidb with a
residue of S Extremely slowly sol in a 10%
solution of alkali sulphides (Terrell, C R
69 1360)

138

IRON NICKEL SULPHIDE

Eton (ferrous) nickel sulphide, 2FeS, NiS
Min Pentlandite

Ferrous phosphorus sulphide, FeS, P2S

(Berzehus )

2FeS, P2S3 Slowly decomp by H20 In-
sol in boiling HCl+Aq, decomp by aqua
regia (Berzelms, A 46 256)

Iron potassium sulphide (potassium sulpho-
femte), KJFeiS^KiS, Fe2Ss

Insol in cold or hot H20 Violently at-
tacked by dil acids Not decomp by boibng
with alkalies, alkali carbonates, or sulphides+
Aq Decomp by KCN, or Na2S203+Aq
(Preis. J pr 107 16 )

K2S, 2FeS (Sckneider, Pogg 136 460 )

Iron silver sulphide (silver sulphofernte),

Ag2S, Fe2Ss

Not attacked by dil HCl+Aq, decomp by
cone HCl+Aq (Schneider)
2Ag2S, FeS2 (Schneider, Pogg 138 305 )
Ag2S, 3FeS, FeS2 Mm Sterribergite De-
comp by aqua regia

Iron sodium sulphide (sodium sulphofernte),

Na2Fe2S4+4H2O

Insol in HoO Decomp by verj dil acids
(Schneider, Pogg 138 302 )

>phosphide, Fe2PS<$

I by acids at 100° Decomp by
boiling NaOH+Aq (Ferrand, A ch 1899,
(7) 17 410 )

Ferrous tellunde, FeTe

Insol m H20, sol in acids (Fabre, C R
105 277)

Kermes
See Antimony insulphide

" Knallplatin " compounds
See Fulminoplatinum compounds

Krypton, Kr

Absorption by H20 at t°

t°

Coefficient of absorption clet by two
series of experiment

0

0 1249

0 1166

10

0 0965

0 0877

20

0 0788

0 0670

30

0 0762

0 0597

40

0 0740

0 0561

50

0 0823

0 0610

(Antropoff, Roy Soc Proc 1910, 83 A 480 )

Lanthamc acid

Barium wetalanthanate,

(Baskervdle, J Am Chem Soc 1904, 2
79)

Lithium wetalanthanate,

(Baskerville )

Potassium raetalanthanate,

15H20
Decomp byH20 (BaskerviUe )

Sodium wetalanthanate, Na
4H2O

Almost insol m H2O, but decomp by i
(Baskerville )

Ztosodium
Insol IQ H2O (Baskerville )

Lanthamcotungstic acid

Ammonium lanthamcorungstate, 2(NH4)20,

La20s, 16W03+16HoO
Ppt Insol in H20 (E F Smith, J Air
Chem Soc 1904, 26 1481 )

Barium lanthamcorungstate, 5BaO, La O3,

16WO3+16H20
Ppt (E F Smith)

Silver lanthanicotungstate, 5Ag2O, LajOa,

16WO3-f4H20
Very msol in H20 (E F Smith )

Lanthanum, La

Slowly dtecomp cold, rapidly hot II O Noi
attacked by cold cone H2SO4, but encigct
ically by cold cone HN03+Aq Sol m dil
acids (Hillebrand and Nortcfc, Pofe^ 156
633)

Lanthanum bromide, LaBr3+7H ()

Easily sol in HaO Not voiy sol in ib
solute alcohol Insol m ether (Clcvo, Sv
V A H Bih 2 No 7 )

Lanthanum nickel bromide. 2LaBra. 3NiJ*i -f-
18H20

Deliquescent (Frerichs and Smith, A
191 355)

Lanthanum zinc bromide, 21 aBr3, 3/nIJr 4-
36H2O

Very deliquescent (F and S )

Lanthanum carbide, LaC2 ;

Decomp by H2O and dil acids (Pctters-
son, B 1895, 28 2422 )

Sol in cone H2S04 and dil acids, msol in
cone HNO3

LEAD

439

Sol in fused oxidizing agents, decomp by
H2O at ordinary tremps (Moissan. C R,
1896, 123 149 )

Lanthanum chloride, LaCl3

Anhydrous Deliquescent (Hermann )
Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37

329 )

+7JiH2O Not deliquescent (Zschiesche )
Easily sol m alcohol (Hermann )

Lanthanum mercuric chloride, 2LaCl3. HgCL

-P/8H20

Not dehquescent Very sol m H20
(Marignac, Ann Min (5) 15 272 )

Lanthanum stannic chloride
See Chlorostannate, lanthanum

Lanthanum fluoride, LaF8H — H20

Precipitate SI sol in HCl+Aq (Cleve )

Lanthanum hydrogen fluoride, 2LaF3, 3HF
Precipitate (Frenchs and Smith, A 191

355)

Does not exist (Cleve, B 11 910)

Lanthanum hydride, La2H3

Decomp by dil acids (Wmkler, B 24
1966)

LaH3 Decomp by H20 Sol m acids
with evolution of H2 Decomp by alkalis
(Muthmann, A 1902, 325 266 )

Lanthanum hydroxide, La206Hc

Insol m H O, easily sol m acids, insol m
KOH, 01 NaOH-f-Aq

Sol in citric acid (Baskemlle, J Am
Chorn Soc 1904, 26 49 )

Lanthanum zinc iodide, 2LaI3, 3ZnI2+27H20
Vu> sol in H2O (Lrcrichs and Smith, A

191 *5X)

Lanthanum nitride, LaN

Dccoinp by 1I/) with evolution of NH3

Sol in mitKiil wids Decomp by alkali

(IVIu thin inn, A i<)(X2, 326 275)

Lanthanum oxide, Li2O{

]< isil} sol , <v<n when ignited, m mineral,
md U(tir uirls (Hermann )

Sol m boiling <oiu NH4CH~Aq (Mos-
inch r )

Sol infold cone NH4N03+Aq (Damour
iml Dovilh )

Insol in (NHi) CO,+Aq (Mosander )

Insol in lutom (Nauminn, B 1904,37
4 U<» )
Lanthanum /«• roxide, 1 a40o

Sol m IIC1, Hjb04, HNO,, and HCJH,p2+
\q with decomp (Cleve, Bull Soc (2) 43

* 'j I 0,+*II,0 Unstable Sol m dil
H SO4-fAq with decomp (Melikott, L
inorg 1899, 21 71 )

Lanthanum oxybromide, LaOBr
Ppt (Frenchs and Smith )

Lanthanum oxychlonde, 3La208, 2LaCls
Insol in H20 Difficultly and slowly sol

in HC1, or HN03-f 4,q (Hermann )
LaOCl Boiling H->0 dissolves only traces

(Frerichs and Smith )

Lanthanum sulphide, La2S3
Decomp by BUO and acids (Didier )

Lanthanum ^sulphide, LaS2

Decomp by heat (Biltz, Z anorg 1911,
71 435)

Lead, Pb

Lead in contact with H O and air free from. COs
gives a solution of PbO -which turns litmus blue and
turmeric red and is turned brown with HsS

H2O which has been boiled does not dissolve Pb if
there is no access of air When shaken up with air it
dissolves 0 01 to 0 008% PbO in 2 hours Pure spring
water containing \% grams salts in 2 pounds H O and
no CO when conducted though a lead pipe 150 feet
long dissolves so much lead that it turns brown with
H2S (Yorke Phil Mag J 5 82)

CO 2 or small amts of salts pre\ ent the solution of
Pb 1 vol H O with % vol CO dissoh es only a tracer
of Pb Spring HaO containing in 10 pounds 1 21
grains NaCl and CaCl and 6 4 grains CaCOa dissolved
m COa does not dissoh e lead (Yorke )

If the amt of salts in solution equals 5^ the amt of
H2O and especially if the} are carbonates verj. slight
amts of Pb are dissolved (Christison Phil Mag J
21 158)

CaCOs dissolved in CO2 water decreases the solu
bility of Pb more than anj other salt

Distilled H O quietlj standing m a closed flask with
lead and air free from CO deposits white flocks of
Pb02Ha and dissolves ^^ pt PbO The solution has
an alkaline reaction (\ tJonsdorff Pogg 41 305 )

Water of 3 hardness does not take up enough Pb to
become injurious (Clarke J B 1856 608 )

Soluble carbonates increase the solubility of Pb m
H 0 (Nevins C C 1851 60S) especially (NEU) COs.

Presence of H SOj decreases the solubility of Pb
(Horsford Chem Gaz 1849 247)

H O containing X SOi takes up onh a trace of Pb
(Wetzlar Sen* J 54 324)

Presence of sulphates diminishes (Christison) does
not dimmish (Graham Miller and Hoffmann) the
action of H O on Pb

CaS04 protects Pb but it is attacked bj much
MgSOi (Newns)

5jaci-fA.q dissolves onh a trace of Pb

, JLK r>t n H O is not sufficient to pre-

vent the m H O Hi m

Presence of chlorides, increases th( • ul lux (Ora
ham Miller and Hoffmann \e\ms)

H O contunint K\Oj does not corrode Pb

Nitrates hinder the action of H O (\ Bonsdorff )
Nitrates increase the action of H 0 (Graham Miller
and Hoffman ) Nitrates ha\ e no influence (Kerstmg )

10 Ibs of H O dissolved the following amts
from Pb pipes in 24 hours if distilled H2O-f-
1% Na2COs, 038 gram Pb, if Duna *ater.
0 19 gram Pb, if canal water, 0 15 gram Pb, if
distilled H20 + l% NHJSO,, 015 gram L Pb. .
if hard well water, 0 04 gram Pb, if distilled
H20+l% KNO3, 0 01 grain Pb (Kerstmg,
Dmgl 169 183 ) . _

200 1 Manchester drinking water dissolved
2 094 g from 1 sq metre Pb in 8 weeks, 9 1
well water dissolved 1 477 g from 1 sq metre
Pb in 8 weeks, 11 1 distilled H2O containing

440

LEAD

are dissolved 110 003 g from 1 sq metre Pb
in 8 weeks, distilled H2O free from air dis-
solved 1 829 g from 1 sq metre Pb in 8
weeks, sea water dissolved 0 038 g from 1 sq
metre Pb in 8 weeks (Calvert and Johnson.
C N 16 171 )

A lead pipe taken up in Pans, which had
been exposed to action of ordinary H2O for
200 years, was found perfectly smooth and
uncorroded (Belgrand, C R 77 1055 )

Pb is attacked by all waters, hard or soft,
even highly calcareous water dissolves some
lead (Mayengon and Bergeret, C R 78 484 )

Pure distilled H2O does not act on Pb, but
extremely small quantities of NH3, HNOa,
etc cause an action, but for this action on Pb
the presence of air and C02 is also required
(StaJlman, Dmgl 180 366 )

100 com distilled H20 dissolved 3 mg from
11 8 sq cm lead m one week when air with-
out COs was passed through the solution 8
mg were dissolved when the air contained
C02 (Wagner, Dingl 221 260 )

Action of dil salt solutions on lead In 500
com of the solutions containing salt, bright
sheets of lead of 5600 sq metres7 surface were
so suspended that the liquid reached all parts
of the metal without hindrance, and the amts
dissolved determined after 24, 48, and 72
hours of action

Salt

Grammes
salt per
litre

Dissolved Pb in mg
per litre

after 24 48 72 hrs

NH4N03

0 020

13 0

25

u

0 040

15 0

32

1C

0 080

15 0

KN08+

0 020

NaN08

0 050

2 0

2 0

'KNOsH-

Na2S04

0 040
0 212

0 8

1 0

KN03+

0 045

K2COS

0 308

0 3

KNOS+

0 070

K2S04

0 504

0 5

CaS04

0 252

0 4

0 8

0 408

0 4

1 0

K2C03

0 310

0 2

1C

0 516

0 2

CaCl2

0 250

0 5

0 5

0 5

(C

0 510

0 3

0 4

Na2S04

0 200

0 8

1C

0 400

0 5

fNH4N03+

0 020

1 CaCl2

0 060

1 8

'NH4N03+

0 020

• K2COS+

0 100

0 4

Na2S04

0 200

* Na2S04+

0 200

< K2COS+

0 040

0 1

1 CaCl2

0 100

Water from L Katrine

1 0

1 0

1 5

Distilled water

2 0

2 0

3 0

Salt

g salt in
100 ccm

mg Pb dissolved

without COa

with CO

KC1

0 5

21

12

NaCl

0 5

21

12

NH4C1

1 0

12

5

MgCl2

0 83

20

35

KaSO4

1 0

0

0

KN08

1 0

14

20

Na2C03

1 0

0

NaOH

0 923

430

Ca02H2

Saturated

137

(Muir, C N 25 294 )

Action of salt solutions on 11 8 sq cm Pb
in one week while air either with or without
CO2 was passed through the solution

Solubility of Pb in salt solutions

100 ccm solutions containing the given amts
salts dissolve Pb in mg —

(Wagner, Dmgl 221 260 )

Solubility of Pb in salt solutions

25 sq cm were acted upon by a solution
containing 0 2 g salt in a litre for 21 days

Three senes of experiments were earned on
I In corked flasks II In beakers covered
with porous paper, diameter of mouth of
beaker = 11 5 cm III In basms covered with
porous paper, diameter of mouth of basin =
14 5 cm IV In corked flasks with constant
current of air V In beakers half filled and
covered with porous paper, the lead being
suspended so that equal amts of surface were
above and beneath the liquid

The amts in mgs of Pb dissolved were as
follows —

Salt used

NH4NO3

KN03

CaCl2

(NH4)2S04

K2C03

Dist H2O

1 S
1 6
3 0
0 7

0 3

1 5

4 0

0 5
2 8

1 3
0 3
0 8

nr

16 0
6 0
5 5

If) 0
0 7
4 2

TV

1 5
3 5
5 0
0 (>

2 0

2 5
0 3

(Muir, Chcm SOP 36 b(>0 )

H2O sat with CO dissolve b 0012 ^ Pb to
a litre in 3 days (M iriib, C II 77 1 r>2() )

Action of H O ( h u g( d with CO und( i 7(>0
mm prcb&urc on Pb 3 rag of Pb w( n <lis
solved pot litic in 24 hours, md tin tint w is
not incieasulby fuithot ution I h< uldition
of lOOrnjr K,GO{-MOmg NIf4NO, to ilitic
prevented all iction

Action of H2O chxrged with CO undn (>
atmos piessure on Pb

14 8 mg wcie dissolved per 1 m 24 hours,
and 24 mg pei 1 m 48 hours

Action of various salt solutions added to
above solution of CO were as follows —

LEAD

441

mg salt
per 1

mg Pb dissohed

after
24 hrs

after
48 hrs

K2CO8
K2CO8
CaCl2
NH4NO8
NH4N08
DistiUed H20

80
160
160
16
40

13 2

32 0
5 0
10 0

14 8

32 0
6 0
44 0

35 0

24 0

(Muir, C N 33 125 )

The corrosion of Pb by ordinary distilled
H20 depends upon the presence of C02 and 0
If the dissolved C02 is double the amt of the
dissolved O? the action is most energetic
When C02 is wholly absent and 0 present,
the action is very shght, and when the H20
contains 1J^ or more vol % C02 with normal
amt of oxygen, there is no visible corrosion
Pure distilled H 0 containing neither 0 nor
C02 has no action on Pb In the above cases
the greater part of the Pb remains in the
form of a white ppt or crust on the Pb, but
in the case where 0 and C02 are both present
in the ratio of 1 2, very small amts of Pb
go into solution in a few days, the amt , how-
ever, diminishes on standing As the amt of
CO2 increases, the amt of Pb dissolved in the
H2O also increases

NH4OH alone does not protect Pb from
corrosion, but when m combination with CO2
the action is much diminished

CaO2H2, and NaOH+Aq attack Pb much
more actively in absence of CO and presence
of air In absence of dissolved 0 neither
CaO2H2 nor NaOH attacks Pb

Na2CO.}-hAq m absence of C02 attacks Pb
slightly, but NaHCO3-l- \q has not the slight-
est action

CaH2(CO3)2-|-Aq also has not the slightest
action on Pb, ind the piesence of CaCOs and
CO wholly pn ventb H20 attacking Pb

CahO4-j-Aq in pn scnce of air forms a crust
on Pb, but no Pb ib found m solution, but if
air is exclude d thu c is no viable iction Prcb-
enu of CO2 causes i stiong coirosive action

H O cont lining CabO4 and CaII2(CO3)
docs not itt ick Pb

Ihe ibovc reactions ire not m the leist
altoud by the pnsenct of model itc unts of
mtiatob, chlorides, or ammonium, or organic
compoundb, but ammonium salts in excess
have a stiong solve nt a( tion on Pb (Muller,
I pr (2) 36 317 )

Sec also an oxt( nd<xl report of the action of
H2O on Pb mid( to the Wator Committee of
Hudderbficld, England, in ISSb, by Messrs
Crookcs, Odling, and lidy

Very extended researches are published by
Cornelley and Frew (Jour Soc Chem Ind 7
15), of which only the general conclusions can
be given here

The action of slaked lime, limestone, sand
calcium silicate, mortar, etc , was tested The
results were as follows —

1 In nearly all cases the corrosion is greater
with free exposure to the air than when air is
excluded The difference is especially great
m those cases where the greatest action on the
lead takes place Aluminum hydroxide and
blue clay form exceptions, and exert a greater
corrosive action when air is excluded In the
case of CaCOs, old mortar, CaSiO8, or a mix-
ture of CaC08 and Ca02H2, the exclusion or
presence of air makes no appreciable differ-
ence

KNO 3 + Aq shows a peculiar behaviour In
the presence of air it acts nearly as much on
the Pb as pure H20, but when air is excluded
it exerts nearly as much retarding action as
CaSi08

2 In the presence of air the action of H20
on Pb is considerably increased by the pres-
ence of NH4NO3 or Ca02H4, with exclusion of
air, by CaS04, also by a mixture of CaO2H2
and sand All the other investigated sub-
stances, even KNO3, hinder the action of H20
on Pb either with or without exclusion of air

3 CaO2H2+Aq exerts in all cases a much
greater corrosive action than pure H 0, and
although this action is diminished by sand
yet fresh mortar very quickly destroys lead
pipes when in contact therewith Old mortar,
on the other hand, and also CaSiO8 and
CaC03, have a protective action

4 The fact is very important that sand,
CaC08, old mortar, CaSi03, and a mixture of
sand and CaCO3 afford considerable protec-
tion to lead against H2O A mixture of lime-
stone and sandstone has more effect than the
two substances separately

5 CaSiO8 totally prevents the corrosive
action of KNO3 and NH4NO3, so that the
lead is not attacked by solutions of those salts
any more than by H20 containing CaSiO3
alone Sand, and a mixture of sand and
CaCOj have a similai effect, but not to such
i dtgree

6 Lhe protective influence of CaC03 does
not appear to depend on the piesence of C02
and the formation of CaH2(CO3)2

7 MgCO3 prevents the corrosion of Pb as
much wCabiOj (Cirncllcy ind I1 row, Jour
Soc Chcm Ind 7 15)

Pb in contact with Zn ot I<c is piotected
thereby fiom the solvent action of H O, and
m fut the iction is neuly null Sn, on the
other hind, mci casts the action llus is of
impoitancc in rcgaid to the use of tin-coated
lead pip os

Ihe presence of C i s ilts dots not influence
the action of the H20 on Pb, haid or soft H 0
provided it contents CO2 having i stiong
corrosive action Removal of air fiom H20
diminishes the solvent action Simple filtra-
tion will remove all Pb from H2O if suit-
able filters are usod (Flogel, J B 1888
2645)

442

LEAD

Pure distilled H2O has strong corrosive
action on Pb, which is very much weakened
by addition of a solution of CaC03 in carbonic
acid water, but the presence of sulphates in-
crease the action Pb is not appreciably at-
tacked by H20 in presence of chlorides alone,

but very strongly when CaS04 is also present
H2O containing CO2 also corrodes Pb The
conclusion was drawn that the absence of ac-
tion of H2O on Pb in lead pipes is due to the
presence of traces of CaH2(C03)2 (Barbaglia
and Gucci, C C 1888 934 )

Solubility in B^O containing various solids in solution

i

2

3

4

Water alone, until tered
Water alone, filtered
Water con taming 0 049 g NaCl per 1 , unfiltered
" " " " " " filtered
Water containing 0 49 g Na2S04 per 1 , unfiltered
" " " " " " filtered

8 19
3 00
1 36
0 68
3 41
2 05

12 98
4 09
2 73
1 50
6 83
3 41

8 19
2 07
0 68
0 67
2 05
1 64

4 09
2 32

4 04
1 36

1 84

1 77

CaHCOs+Aq containing 0 04 g CaO as carbonate per 1
CaHCOs-hAq with NaCl
CaECOs-hAq with Na*S04
CaS04+Aq containing 0 095 g CaO as sulphate per 1
CaS04+Aq with NaCl
CaS04+Aq with Na2S04

2 45
2 05
2 18
6 83
& 46
4 78

3 14
3 41
3 32
Q 83

6 57
5 87

2 63
2 35
2 05
3 41
3 51
3 69

5 70
3 40
3 16
1 35
1 50
1 77

Pts of lead per 100 000

Column
aerated
of air ^

cc of C02 were passed per hour throughout the experiment
ch it 1896, 26, (2) 97 and 352 )

for distilled water
passing 1 litre
" air and 400
(Antony and Benelli, Gazz

Almost msol in cold HClH-Aq, and only si
Attacked when boiling Completely sol in
HNOs+Aq if not too cone , but presence of
H2S04 or HC1 diminishes the solvent power
to a great extent (Rose )

Granulated Pb is si sol m cone HCl+Aq,
addition of PtCU makes the action very ener-
getic Dil HCl-f Aq may also be used with
PtCl4 (Millon, C R 21 49 )

HCl+Aq of 1 2 sp gr , with Pb, gives off
H at ord temp , more abundantly when
heated Evolution of H is hastened by plac
ing Cu in contact with the Pb (btolba, J
pr 94 113)

Quickly decomp by hot HCl+Aq, slowly
by cold (Sharpies, C N 50 126 )

Scarcely acted upon by boiling cone HC1+
Aq

Sol m aqua regia

HN03+Aq is the best solvent, but Pb is
as good as msol in a mixture of HNO j and
HoSO4 (Berzehub )

Not acted upon by very cone HNO^H-Aq

Pb is only si attacked by HNO 3 + Aq of any
strength below 15° Above 15° it is most
rapidly attacked by a rather weak acid
(Montemartim, Gazz ch it 22 397 )

Action of H2SO4 on Pb

H2S04 of 1 842 sp gr dissolves 201 g from
1 sq metre pure lead at ordinary temp
(time?), and H2S04 of 1 705 sp gr dissolves
only 59 g

Slight impurities in the lead lessen this

solubility (Calvert and Johnson, Chem Soc
(2) 1 66 )

Strongly attacked by 99 8% H2S04 at ord
temp with exclusion of air (Lunge. Dmgl
261 131)

When 0 2 g pure Pb was heated with 50
com H2SO4 of 66° B there was no appreciable
action below 175° At 230-250° all the Pb
was suddenly converted into PbS04, which
dissolved (Bauer, B 8 210 )

Lead is slowly attacked by pure fold cone
H2SO4+Aq (9978% H2SO4) 1 eid vessels
which held the H2bO4 were gradu illy de-
stroyed by long standing (Napiei ind I it-
lock, C N 42 314 )

H2bO4-f-Aq (20%) does not evolve H und< r
the same circumstances (StoUn )

feol m HX^HaO^+Aq when in cont K t with
the an

Strong NH4OH-|-Aq docs not dissolve
litharge, ibut leid immersed m NH4()Ii-|-Aq
3 days giv< & an ammonia solution
00139% lead (Endcmann, Arn Ch J
1897, 19 892 )

Somewhat sol in NaCl-fAq (Rudult,
Dmgl 172 155)

NaCl-f-Aq attacks Pb at high t(inp
(Lunge, / c )

Action of RC103 KC103+Aq (03%
KC1O3) oxidised 64 31 g Pb from 1 sq mctie
surface by boiling 7 hours, KC103+Aq (25%
KC1O3) oxidised 151 12 g under same condi-
tions, and Ca(ClO3)2, CaCl2+Aq (20° Baume)

LEAD BROMIDE

443

toons, and Ca(C108)2, CaCl2+Aq (20°
Baume), obtained by passing C12 through
CaOaH2+Aq, oxidised 437 70 g (Lunge and
Deggeler, Jour Soc Chem Ind 4 31 )

Insol in liquid NHs (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 828 )

Sol in a solution of K in liquid NH3
(Kraus, J Am Chem Soc 1907, 29 1562 )

y% com oleic acid dissolves 0 0592 g Pb in
6 days (Gates, J phys Chem 1911, 15
143)

Solubility of Pb m petroleum

If b -pt is under 230°, only slightest trace
is dissolved in 4 months if 230-300°, 0 0026%

bromide, PbBr2

SI sol in cold, more easily in hot H20,
or m H20 containing HC1, HNO8, or HC2H302
Lowig)

1 1 H2O dissolves 6 g PbBr2 at 10°, addi-
tion of HBr causes a ppt which redissolves
on further addition of HBr 1000 pts of a
iquid containing 720 pts HBr dissolve 550 g
PbBro This solubility increases by heating
'Ditte, C R 92 718 )

1 1 H2O dissolves 26 28 millimols PbBr2
at 25 2° (vonEnde, Z anorg 1901,26 159)

Solubility m 100 g H20 at t°

in 4 months, if over 300°, 00244% m 4
months

Solubility of Pb in commercial oil of turpen-
tine and resin oil

t°

G PbBra

0
15
25
35
45
55
! 65
80
95
*100

0 4554
0 7305
0 9744
1 3220
1 7457
2 1376
2 5736
3 3430
4 3613
4 7510

Temp

% Pb dissolved

m 8 days

in 14 days

Fresh oil of
turpentine
Old oil of tur-
pentine
Fresh oil of
turpentine
Old oil of tur-
pentine
Fresh oil of
turpentine
Old oil of tur-
pentine
Fresh resin oil
Old
Fresh "
Old
Fresh "
Old

15-20°
15-20
100
100
130-150

130-150
15-20
15-20
100
100
130-150
130-150

sl trace
0 0522
0 265
0 982
0 938

1 738
trace
0 073
0 380
1 190
1 050
2 208

0 0722
0 1435
0 715
1 851
2 045

4 083
0 024
0 185
0 880
2 711
2 065
4 740

* By extrapolation
(Lichty, J Am Chem Soc 1903, 25 474 )

SI sol mH20
8 34 x 10 l gram are dissolved in 1 liter of
sat solution at 20° (Bottger, Z phys ch
1903,46 603)

Solubility of PbBr2 in HNOs+Aq at 252°
S = solubility m millimols per litre

HNOa normal S

0 001 39 ll
0 01 39 87
0 051 42 56
0 04KNO.+
0 01 HNO, 42 77

(Fnglcr and Know, Dmgl 263 193 )

Pb « < i-K itt ickcd by oil of turpentine
(Am Cue in 4 2S<) )

Th< fitty oils dissolve Pb in considerable
amt (M u ulim, J » 1878 1169)

Not ittickul by sugu+Aq (Klein and
Bug, C R 102 117(>)

Lead potassium amide
A$t6 Potassium ammonoplumbite

Lead azoirmde, basic, PbO, PbNB

Insol in HO (Wohln,B 1913,46 2054)

Lead azoumde, PbNf

Inbol m cold H O , much less sol m boiling
H O than PbCl2 1 1 H 0 dissolves about y%
g PbNr *abilysol m warm HC2H,A!-f-Aq
Insol mconc NH4OH-fAq (Curtius, B 24
3344)

(von 1 nde, L anorg 1901, 26 162 )

Slowly sol m cold, easily in warm NH4C1,
01 NII4NO3+Aq (Wittbtem )

Not pptd in picsence of Na citrate
(Spillci )

Insol in H20 cont lining Pb(NOs)2 (von

nd<, 2 anorg 1()01, 26 159)

Insol in bcnztnc (^ranchimont, B 16
3S7)

Moderately sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin,
Am Ch J 1898, 20 82S )

Insol m bcnzomtnle (Naumann, B
1914,47 1570)

Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl aectate (Naumann,
B 1910,43 314)

Difficultly sol in acetone (Naumann, B
1904, 37 4328 )

+3H2O (Ditte, I c )

444

LEAD HYDROGEN BROMIDE

Lead hydrogen bromide, 5PbBr2, 2HBr+

10H2O
Sol inHBr+Aq (Ditte, C R 92 718)

Lead magnesium bromide, PbBr2, 2MgBr2+

16H2O

Very dehquescent Decomp immediately
by H20 or alcohol (Otto and Drewes, Arch
Pharm 229 585 )

Lead potassium bromide (potassium bromo-

plumbite, PbBr2, KBr-f-H2O
(Remsen and Herty, Am Ch J 14 124 )
+- H2O (Wells, SiU Am J 145 129 )
PbBr2, 2JKBr Sol in a little H20 without

decomp, but decomp by an excess with

separation of PbBr2 (Lowig )

+H 0 (Wells, Sill Am J 145 129 )
2PbBr2, KBr (WeUs )

Lead potassium perbromide, KsPb2Br8 4-

Decomp by H20 and alcohol (Wells, Z
anorg 4 340)

Lead rubidium bromide, PbBr2, 2RbBr+

t°

G PbCh

0

0 6728

15

0 9090

25

1 0842

35

1 3244

45

1 5673

55

1 8263

65

2 1265

80

2 6224

95

3 1654

*100

3 3420

(Wells, Sill Am J 146 34 )

"RhTCr (Wells )

aide
y jo.20 (Lowig )

e, PbBrCl = PbBr2, PbCl2
Can be recrystalhsed from H20 without

decomp (lies, C N 43 216 )

3PbCl2 PbBr2 Sol in H20 with decomp

Sol in HC1 and in HBr Insol in cold al-

cohol, si. sol in boiling alcohol (Thomas,

C R 1899, 128 1235 )

Lead bromoiodide, PbBrI=PbBr2, PbI2
Decomp by H20 Cryst from a solution

of PbI2 in HBr (Gnssom and Thorp, Am

Ch J 10 229)

3PbBr2,PbI2 Decomp byH2O (Thomas

C R 1899, 128 1236 )
6PbBr2, PbI2 (G and T )

Lead bromosulphide, PbBr2, PbS

Properties as chlorosulphide (Parmentier )

Lead chlonde, PbCl2

Slowly sol m 135 pts HjO at 12 i and m a much
smaller quantity of hot HaO (Bischof )

Sol in 30 pts cold and 22 pts hot H O (Wittstem )

Sol in 30 pts H20 at 18 7o (Abl )

100 pts H2O dissolve 4 59 pts PbCls at 1 > 5 (Urc s
Diet)

100 pts H20 dissolve 0 9712 pt PbCl2 at
20° (Formanek, C C 1887 270 )

100 pts H20 dissolve 0 946 pt PbCl2 at
17 7° (Bell, Chem Soc (2) 6 355 )

Sol in 105 2 pts H20 at 16 5° (Bell, C N
16 69)

100 pts H2O dissolve 0 8 pt PbCl2 at 0°,
1 18 pts at 20°, 1 7 pts at 40°, 2 1 pts at
55°, 3 1 pts at 80° (Ditte, C R 92 718 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 38 80 rmllimols PbCl2 at
25 2° (von Ende, Z anorg 1901, 26 148 )

9 61 x IO-1 gram are dissolved in 1 liter of
sat solution at 20° (Bottger, Z phys ch
1903,46 603)

Solubility in H20
100 g H20 dissolve g PbCl2 at t°

* By extrapolation
(Lichty, J Am Chem Soc 1903, 25 474 )

33 6 millimols Pb are dissolved m 1 liter
H2O at 18° (Pleissner, C C 1907, II 1056 )

1 1 H2O dissolves 7776 milhequivalents
PbCl2at25° Sp gr of the solution 2 5°/4° =
1 0069 (Harkms and Winninghoff, J Am
Chem Soc 1911, 33 1816 )

0 0388 mol mg PbCl2 are sol m 1 1 H2O
(Kernot and Pomilio, Soc R Napoh, 1912,
(3), XVII, 353 )

A colloidal modification is sol in hot water
to give cryst modification (Van de Veide,
Ch Z 1893, 17 1908 )

Solubility in H20 is not much increased by
the addition of acids (Fresenuis )

Sol m cone HCl+Aq, from which it it.
pptd by H2O, but less sol m dil HCl-f Aq
than in HjO (Berzelius )

Sol m 1636 pts H20 containing HC1
(Bischof )

Sat solution of PbCh in HCl+Aq of 1 116
sp gr contains 2 560% PbCL at 16 5°

Solubility m HCl-f-Aq 100 pts liquid con-
tuning pts HC1 of 1 1102 sp gr in 100
pts H2O dissolve pts PbCl2 at 17 7°

Pts

Pts

Pts

PtH

PtH

Pts

HC1

PbOl

HCl

I hC b

IIC 1

1 1)( 1

1

0 347

8

0 099

50

0 356

2

0 201

9

0 096

60

0 550

3

0 165

10

0 093

70

0 933

4

0 145

15

0 090

80

1 498

5

0 131

20

0 111

90

2 117

6

0 107

30

0 151

100

2 900

7

0 100

40

0 216

(Bell, Chem Soc 21 350 )

LEAD CHLORIDE

445

Solubility of PbCI2 in HC1

\mt HC1
in 100 pts
HaO

Amount PbCh dissolved in 1000 pts of
liquid

AtO°

At 20

At 40

At5o°

At 80°

0 0

5 6
10 0
18 0
21 9
31 5
46 0

8 0
2 8
1 2
2 4
4 7
11 9
29 8

11 8
3 0
1 4
4 8
6 2
14 1
30 0

17 0
4 6
3 2
7 2
10 4
19 0

21 0

6 5
5 5
9 8
12 9
24 0

31 0
12 4
12 0
19 8
23 8
38 0

(Ditte, C R 92 718 )

Solubility m HCl+Aq at 0°

PbCl2_

PbClz in mgs in 10 ccm solution, HC1=
mols HC1 in ditto

PbCla

HCl

PbCl*

HCl

2

2

0 42
0 22
0 135
0 11
0 105
0 099
0 090
0 08

0
0 35
0 675
1 125
1 6
2 3
3 4
4 5

0 072
0 088
0 100
0 209
0 95
1 5
1 9
3 01

5 8
11 7
29 5
46 7
73 5
89 0
96 0
111 5

It is seen that very little HC1+ Aq is suffi-
cient to diminish solubility very considerably,
and, that on further addition of HCl+Aq, the
solubility is nearly constant, and increases fi-
nally very much when large amts of HCl+Aq
are present (Engel, A ch (6) 17 359 )

Solubility of PbCl2 in HCl at 18°

HCl Normality

G PbCh per 1

0
0 0001
0 0002
0 0005
0 00102
0 0102

9 34
9 305
9 300
9 243
9 200
8 504

(Pleissner, Arb Kais Gesundamt 1907. 26
384)

Sol in hot, insol in cold cone H2SO4
(Hayes )
Sol in dil HNOs+Aq, from which it is
pptd by HCl+Aq (Gladstone)
Easily and completely decomp by hot
HNOg+Aq (Wurtz)

Solubility of PbCl2 m HNOs+Aq at 25 2°
S= solubility in milhmols per litre

HNOs normal

S

0 001
0 01
0 051
0 04 KN03+
0 01 HN03

38 87
39 71
42 92

43 36

(von Ende, Z anorg 1901, 26 162 )

Solubility of PbCl2 in NH4Cl+Aq at 25 20°
S = solubility in milhmols per litre

Solubility of PbCl m HCl+Aq at 25°

NBUC1 normal

S

G HCl

per 1

G PbClz G HCl
per 1 per 1

C PbCl2
per 1

0 25
0 50
1 0

9 47
7 11
4 35

0
0 5
1
2

10 79 3
9 0 b

7 (> 10
() 0

5 0
3 1

1 8

(von Ende, Z anorg 1901, 26 152 )
Solubility of PbCl2+NH4Cl at 22°

(Noy(s, L ph\s ( h 1H92, 9 b23 )
Solubility of PbCl2 in HCl+Aq at 25 20°
S = solubility in milhmols per litre

G tqmv
ptr 1 H 0
NH4C1

G tqun per
100 (o IhO
IbCl

G equiv
per I H2O

NH<C1

G equiv per
100 cc H20
PbCl

HCl normal

s

IFC 1 normal

S

0 0
0 1
0 2
0 3
0 4
0 5
0 55
0 b
0 b5
0 7
0 S
0 9

7 49 x 10'
3 10
1 916
1 508
1 34S
1 263
1 1K9
1 092
1 012
0 956
0 837
0 793

1 0
1 2
1 5
2 0
2 5
3 0
4 0
5 0
6 0
7 0
7 29*

0 758xl03
0 707
0 671
0 695
0 812
0 968
1 502
2 338
3 580
5 628
6 46

0 0000
0 0009
0 0022
0 0030
0 0045
0 0091
0 0114
0 0151
0 0226
0 0302
0 0452
0 0910
0 1850

3s so

38 b(>
38 20
37 94
37 35
35 80
34 99
33 75
31 46
29 32
25 46
17 12
10 12

0 3714
0 5142
0 738b
1 026
1 538
2 051
2 564
3 085
3 718
5 0
7 5
10 0
12 05

b 35
5 37
4 73
4 41
4 bl
5 IS
b 25
7 78
8 16
19 38
65 86
141 35
164 3

* Saturated
(Bronsted, Cone; Appl Chem 1909, Sec X,
110)

(von Ende, Z anorg 1901, 26 148 )

446

LEAD CHLORIDE

Solubility m NH4Cl+Aq at t°

Much more sol in HgCl2-fAq than in H2O

Grammes
HgCh in
100 com

Grammes
PbCh
dissolved

After sub
tractmg amt
dissolved by
H20 alone

Calculated
no of
T mi o *r*
M * 11_( i

t°

G PbClam
100 g of
the solution

G NH4C1
in 100 g of

the solutio

Solid phase

17°

0 89
0 21
0 16
0 14
0 076
0 078
0 078
0 098
0 34
0 64
0 52
0 33
0 30
0 0

0 0
0 96
1 43
*> 40
3 48
4 23
4 93
12 36
22 33
26 49
26 68
26 91
27 03
27 14

PbCl2

eutectic-pt
•2PbCl2, NH4C1
eutectic-pt
NH4C1

0
4
2
1
0 5
0 25
0 125

0 9712
1 8972
1 4874
1 2272
1 0808
1 0192
0 9926

0 9350
0 5208
0 2600
0 1134
0 0500
0 0226

23 37
26 04
26 00
22 68
20 00
18 08

(Formanek, C C 1887 270 )
Solubility of PbCl2 in Pb(N03)2+Aq at 20°

G equiv per 1

PbCNOs'h

PbCU

0 0
0 2

0 0777
0 0832

50°

1 69
1 08
0 67
0 58
0 48
0 49
0 71
1 76
3 31
3 96
2 65
1 62
0 32
0 0

0 0
0 51
1 45
2 45
4 86
12 45
19 42
27 16
31 90
33 56
33 62
33 88
34 14
34 25

| PbCl2
eutectic pt
•2PbCl2, NH4C1
eutectic pt
NH4C1

(Noyes, Z phys Ch 1892, 9 623 )

Solubility in Pb(N03)o+Aq at 25°
C - concentration of Pb(N08)2 in Pb(NO8)2
+Aq expressed in milhequivalents per 1
di-Sp gr of Pb(N03)2H-Aq at 25°
S -Solubility of PbCl2 m Pb(N03)2+Aq
expressed in rmlliequivalents per 1
d2=Sp gr 25°/4° of PbCl2+Pb(N03)2+
Aq

C

di

s

d2

20 020
50 063
99 660

1 0008
1 0045
1 0119

76 75
76 64
77 98

1 0095
1 0139
1 0210

100°

3 10
2 02
1 85
1 80
1 76
1 98
4 54
8 32
11 40
12 67
12 50
11 60
10 70
9 88
9 26
4 21
3 06
1 61
0 0

0 0
1 32
5 33

6 01
8 59
13 19
26 08
32 64
36 29
37 62
38 14
38 32
38 66
40 22
41 90
42 91
43 20
43 42
43 51

PbCl2

eutectic pt
>2PbCl2, NH4C1
eutectic pt
>PbCl2, 2NH4C1
eutectic pt
NH4C1

Harkms and Wmnmghof, J Am Chem Soc
1911,33 1816)

Solubility of PbCl2 in Pb(N03)2-hAq at 25°

G Pb(NO3)2per 1

% PbCU

0

3 31
6 62
33 12
82 80

1 09
1 10
1 05
1 11
1 29

Armstrong and * y re, Pro c Roy Soc 19H,
(A) 88 234 )

Solubility of PbCl2 m KCl+Aq at 25 20°
b = Solubility in milhmols per litre

KCl normal

s

KCl normal

s

These results show that the double salt
PbCl2, 2NH4C1 can only exist in aqueous
solution at temperature above 70°
(Demassieux, C R 1913, 156 894 )

0 0000
0 001
0 0025
0 0049
0 0049
0 0099
0 0200
0 0599

38 80
38 32
37 85
37 02
37 02
35 28
32 16
22 62

0 0999
0 5006
0 7018
0 9991
0 9991
1 5018
2 0024
3 0036

16 90
7 40
7 38
4 90
4 90
4 83
5 56
9 74

(von Ende, Z anorg 1901, 26 151 ;

LEAD CHLORIDE

447

Solubility of PbCl2+KCl in H20 at 20°

A study of the equilibrium between lead

Values— g equivalents

chloride and sodium chloride in aqueous solu-
tion at 13°, 50° and 100° shows that at none

In 1000
g solution

In 1000 g H2O

Solid phase

of these temp do these chlorides form a
double salt (Demassieux, C R 1914, 168

PbCla

KC1

PbCh

KCl

702)

28 0

4 57

PbCl2,KCl

Solubility in salts +Aq at 25°

VsH,0+KCl

Concentration of

17 80

3 18

23 42

4 18 \

Salt used

the salt
Equivalents per

Solubility of PbCla
Equivalents per liter

16 56

3 05

21 50

3 96

liter

15 50
14 76
13 96

% 91

2 77
2 6b

19 85
18 66
17 48

3 73
3 50
3 33

PbCkKCl

i/Ao

None

HC1

tt

0
0 05
0 1

0 07770
0 04786
0 03243

13 16

2 47

16 17

3 03

a

0 2

0 01927

13 08

2 45

16 06

3 01

KCl

0 05

0 0482

12 94

2 40

15 80

2 93

a

0 1

0 0341

12 96
12 86

2 36
2 35

14 92
15 63

2 87 ]
2 86

(t
MgCl2

0 2
0 05
0 1

0 0219
0 0503
0 0350

12 44
11 84

2 30
2 29

15 03
14 30

2 78
2 77

CaCl2
it

0 05
0 1

0 0503
0 0355

11 38

2 24

13 70

2 70

tt

0 2

0 0219

10 60
11 98

2 20
2 29

12 72
14 35

2 64
2 62

MnCl2
<t

0 05
0 1

0 0501
0 0349

10 46

2 14

12 47

2 55

tt

0 2

0 0217

10 22

2 10

12 13

2 49

ZnCl2

0 2

0 0220

9 82

2 04

11 60

2 41

CdCl2

0 05

0 0601

9 34

1 965

10 96

2 31

u

0 1

0 0481

8 94

1 884

10 42

2 20

tt

0 2

0 0355

7 86

1 575

8 92

1 79

7 72

1 526

8 72

1 744

(Noyes, Z phys Ch 1892, 9 623 )

7 66

1 404

8 56

1 570

7 46

1 324

8 29

1 472

2PbCl2, KCl

Sol in KOH+Aq (Rose )

7 36

1 2?4

8 11

1 348

Less sol in dil salt solutions than in H20,

7 38

1 223

8 13

1 347

especially CaCl2+Aq, sol in 534 pts H2O

7 30

1 127

7 98

1 231

containing CaCl2 (Bischof )

7 34

1 122

8 01

1 225

More sol in Na2S2O34-Aq than in H20, but

7 36
7 48

1 059
1 022

8 00
8 10

1 152
1 107

not as sol as AgCl (Herschell, 1819 )
More sol in NaC2H3O24-Aq than m H2O

7 52

0 988

8 13

1 068

,(Anthon )

7 70

0 930

8 28

1 000

Easily sol in NH4NO3-fAq

7 82

0 880

8 38

0 943

SI sol m liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch

8 24

0 821

8 79

0 875

J 1898, 20 828 )

8 42

0 7S3

8 96

0 833

Insol m cone alcohol (Wittstem ) In-

8 84

0 719

9 36

0 761

sol in 94% alcohol, very si sol m cold or hot

9 54

0 (ttQ

10 03

0 672

76% alcohol

10 68

0 575

11 18

0 602

Solubility in alcohol at 25°

12 32

0 523

12 85

0 545

Alcohol = g mol alcohol m 1 1 of solvent

PbCl2 = g mol PbCL in 1 1 of solution

12 38

0 503

12 88

0 523

Alcohol 4 2 1 Va V*

12 30

0 483

12 85

0 502

PbCl2 0 0172 0 0257 0 0298 0 0330 0 0338

12 5(>

0 475

n 04

0 497

12 48

0 45K

12 95

0 475

PbCl2

Alcohol VK 0

12 24

0 375

13 65

0 387

PbCl2 00367 0 0388

14 52

0 299

14 88

0 306

(Kernot and Pomiho, Soc R Napoh, (3) 17

19 00

0 195

19 33

0 199

353)

(Bronsted, Z phys Ch 1912, 80 208 )

PbCL is sol m 120 pts pure H20, but on
adding 5% NaCl 437 pts are required to
effect solution When PbCl2 is digested with
cone NaClH-Aq, 1 pt dissolves m 129 pts of
the liquid

Insol m benzene (Franchimont, B 16
387)

Insol m CS2 (Arctowski, Z anorg 1894,
6 257)

Insol m benzomtnle (Naumann, B 1914,
47 1370)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B

448

LEAD CHLORIDE

1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910,43 314)

Insol in methylal (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II, 1014 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329)

Glycerine dissolves 1 995% PbCl2

1 pt glycenne+1 pt H20 dissolves 1 32%
PbCl2

1 pt glycerine+3 pts H20 dissolves 1 0365

Glycerine containing 87 5% H20 dissolves
0 91% PbCl2 (Piesse, B 7 599 )
Solubility of PbCl2 in manmte+Aq at 25°
Manmte=g mol manmtemll of solvent
PbCl2=g mol PbCl2mll of solution
Manmte x/2 1U Vs Vie l/a«
PbCl2 0 0408 0 0403 0 0394 0 0384 0 0385

Manmte Ve4 0
PbCl2 0 0377 0 0388
(Kernot and Pomiho, Soc R Napok, (3) 17
353)

Min Cotunmte
Lead fetachlonde, PbCl4

Sol in H20 with subsequent decomp
(Rivot. Beudant, and Dagum, Ann Mm (5)
4 239)

Obtained in a pure state by Fnedrich Sol
in a little cold H2O, but is decomp by warm-
ing or diluting Miscible with cone HC1+
Aq, not attacked by cone H2SO4 even on
warming (Friedrich, W A B 102, 2b 534 )

Lead feZrachlonde wth MCI
See Chloroplumbate, M

Lead magnesium chloride, PbCl2, 2MgCl2+

13H20

Dehquescent Decomp by H20 (Otto'
and Drewes, Arch Pharm 228 495 )

Lead potassium chloride (potassium chloro-
plumbite), PbCl2, KC1

(Remsen and Herty, Am Ch J 14 125 )

Contains Vs H2O (Wells, Sill Am J 145
130)

See also Demassieux, PbCl2+KCl under
PbCl2

2PbCl2, KC1 (Wells )

See also Demassieux as above

Lead rhodium chloride
See Chlororhodite, lead

Lead rubidium chloride, PbCl2, 2RbCl +

(Wells, Sill Am J 146 34 )
2 PbCl2, RbCl (Wells )

Lead sodium chloride
Decomp by H2O

Lead sodium tefrachlonde, 2PbCl4, 9NaCl
Very sol in H20 (Sobrero and Selmi, A

ch (3) 29 165 )
See also Chloroplttmbate, lead

Lead thallous chlonde, PbCl2, 3T1C1

SI sol in cold, more in hot H2O (Noyes,

Z phys Ch 9 622 )

PbCl2, T1C1 Ppt (Ephraim, Z anorg

1909, 61 245 )

Lead chlonde ammonia, 2PbCl2, 3NHs
(Rose, Pogg 20 157 )

Lead tetracblonde ammonia, PbCl4, 4NH8

Pptd from chloroform solution (Mat-
thews, J Am Chem Soc 1898, 20 825 )

PbCl4, 2NH3 Fumes in the air Decomp
by H20 (Matthews )

Lead chlonde arsenate, 3Pb8(As04)2, PbCl2
See Arsenate chlonde, lead

Lead chlonde borate, Pb(B02)2, PbCl2-f-

H20
See Borate chlonde, lead

Lead chlonde carbonate
See Carbonate chlonde, lead

Lead chloride chlorite
See Chlorite chlonde, lead

Lead chlonde with fluoride and iodide

See Lead chlorofluonde and Lead chloro-
lodide

Lead chlonde phosphate
See Phosphate chloride, lead

Lead chloride phosphite, PbCl2, Pb P205(?)
Ppt (Berzchus )
Does not exist (Rose )

Lead chlonde sulphate
See Sulphate chloride, lead

Lead chloride sulphide, PbCl , 3PbS
See Lead chlorosulphide

Lead chlorofluonde, PbCIF

SI sol in H2O without decomp Easily
sol in HNOj+Aq (Berzelms )

Solubility in H2O

100 g H2O dissolve 00211 g PbCl* it
0°, 0 0370 g at 25°, 0 1081 g at 100° (btarck,
Z anorg Ch 1911,70 174)

Solubility in HCl+Aq at 25°

Solution of PbCIF m HCl+Aq containing
0 0535 g equiv per 1 contains 0 0758 g
PbCIF m 100 cc of solvent

Solution of PbCIF m HCl-f-Aq containing

LEAD HYDROXIDE

449

0 1069 g equiv per 1 contains 0 1006 g
PbCIF in 100 cc of solvent (Starck )

Solubility in acetic acid at 25°

Solution of PbCIF m HC2H302 containing
00518 g equiv per 1 contains 005129 g
PbCIF in 100 cc of solvent

Solution of PbCIF in HC2H802 containing
0 1055 g equiv per 1 contains 0 0561 g
PbCIF in 100 cc of solvent (Starck)

Solubility m PbCl2+Aq

t°

G equiv per 1
PbCla

G PbCIF in
100 cc of solvent

18°

it

tt
25°

0 0100
0 0195
0 0495
0 00996
0 0196
0 0392

0 0020
0 0016
0 0002
0 0030
0 0008
0 0005

(Starck )

Lead chloroiodide, 2PbCl2, PbI2

Sol in hot NH4Cl+Aq (Poggiale, J pr
35 329)

PbCl2, PbI2 Sol m hot HCl+Aq (En-
gelhardt )

Sol in H2O (Thomas, C R 1898, 126
1351^

Lead chloroselemde

Decomp by boiling H20 and by cone
KOH+Aq (Fonzes-Diacon, C R 1900, 130
1133)

Lead chlorosulphide, PbCl2, 3PbS

Parti illy decomp by hot H20 Not at-
tacked by dil , but dcoomp by cone HC1+
Aq (Huncfcld, J pr 7 27 )

PbS, PbCl Dccomp by H/D, acids, or
alkalies (Pirmoritin, C R 114 208)

GlPbS2PbS2PbS PbCl Ppt (Ilofmann
B 1904, 37 250 )

Lead fluoride, Pbl<2

Very &1 sol m II (), md not moie in 1IF +
Aq (Bor/dius, Po^ 1 ^1 )

5 r> millimols IK sol in 1000 c<m II ()
(Jacgu.Z moiK IWI,27 3S )

1 1 H2O drssolvis <>!() mg at 1S° (Kohl
rausch, / phyb Ch 1%1,50 356)

641 nig m 1 1 oi & it solution at 18°
(Kohhdiisdi, / phyb Ch 1908, 64 108)

More sol m HNOS> oi IICl+Aq SI sol m
Kl< +Aq (fluty, Am Ch J 14 107 )

bl sol m dil J1L +Aq, insol m strong
HF+Aq

0 ()!:>()>£ itomsPb IK sol m 1000 cc
(Jaegu,Z morg 1901,27 37)

Insol in liquid II1< (Franklin, Z anorg
1905, 46 2 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am J Ch
189S, 20 828 )

Insol m ethylacetate (Naumann, B
1910,43 314)

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904,
37 4329)

Lead potassium fluoride, 3KF, HP, PbF4
Decomp H2O, stable in dry air (Brauner,
; anorg 1894, 7 7 )

Lead silicon fluoride
See Fluosilicate, lead

Lead tantalum fluoride
See Fluotantalate, lead

Lead titanium fluoride
See Fluotitanate, lead

Lead fluoride sulphate
See Sulphate fluoride, lead

Lead hydroxide, Pb02H2

Not appreciably sol in H20 (Jaeger,
Z anorg 1901,27 38)

1 1 H2O dissolves 0 155 g Pb02H2 at 20°
and 100° (Sehnal, C R 1909, 148 1396 )

Solubility in NaOH+Aq

G Na in 20 ccm

G Pb in 20 ccm

0 2024
0 3196
0 5866
0 9476
1 7802

0 1012
0 1736
0 3532
0 4071
0 5170

(Rubenbauer, Z anorg 1902, 30 336 )
Solubility of Pb02H2 m NaOH+Aq at 25°

G mol per 1

Solid Phase

Na

Pb

0 274
0 431
0 476
0 745
1 132
1 519

0 0181

0 287
0 319
0 489
0 711
0 101

Pb02H2
tt

a
tt
n
tt

(Wood, Chem Soc 1910, 97 884 )

Insol m acetone (Naumann, B 1904,
37 4329)

2PbO, Pb02H2 = 3PbO, H2O Sol m
10,000 to 12,000 pts HjO (Yoike) Sol m
7000 pts H2O (v Bonsdorff, Pogg 41 307 )

0 45 milhmol Pb are sol m 1 litei H20 at
18° (Pleissner, C C 1907,11 1056)

Sol m acids Insol in NH4OH+Aq Sol
m NaOH, or KOH + Aq Sol m hot NH4Cl-f
Aq, and repptd by NH4OH+Aq

Solubility in KOH+Aq, according to Ditte
(C R 94 130) When KOH+Aq is gradu-

450

LEAD HYDROXIDE

ally added to lead hydroxide suspended in
H2O, the lead hydroxide is at first dissolved
proportional to the amount of KOH, until
the strength reaches 200 g KOH to 1 litre
H20 The solubility then diminishes and
increases again until 400 g KOH are dis-
solved in 1 litre H20 The amorphous lead
hydroxide is then converted into crystalline
2rbO(Pb02H2) By further addition of
KOH the solubility is suddenly decreased,
and then increases again (Ditte )

Sol in tnethyl toluenyl ammonium hy-
drate +Aq

Sol in sorbine-f-Aq (Pelouze )
Sol in acetates +Aq (Mercer )
Sol in Ca, Ba, Sr, K, or Na sucrate-f Aq
Not pptd in presence of Na citrate -f-Aq

(SpilleO
See also under Lead, and Lead oxide

Lead perhydroxide, Pb02, H20
See Lead peroxide

Lead imide, PbNH

Decomp by H20 and dilute acids
lin, Z anorg 1905,46 27)

(Frank-

Lead iodide, PbI2

Sol in 187 pts boiling H20 (Berthemot )

Sol in 1235 pts H80 at ord temp , and 194
pts at 100° (DenotjJ pr 1 425 )

Sol m 2400 pts H20 at 18 75° (Abl )

Sat Pbls-f Acj at 20° contains 0 0017 pt ,
at 27°, 0 002 pt , at 100°, 0 0039 pt PbI2
(Lassaigne, J chim med 7 364 )

1 1 H2O dissolves 0 6 g PbI2 at 10° (Ditte,
C R 92 718 )

1 1 H2O dissolves 1 58 milhmols PbI2 at
25 2° (Von Ende, Z anorg 1901, 26 159 )

0 47 X 10-1 gram are dissolved in 1 litre of
sat solution at 20° (Bottgei, Z phys Ch
1903, 46 603 )

Solubility m 100 g H2O at t°

t°

G Phi

0

0 0442

15

0 0613

25

0 0764

35

0 1042

45

0 1453

55

0 1755

65

0 2183

80

0 3023

95

0 3960

MOO

0 4360

* By extrapolation
t(Lichty, J Am Chem Soc 1903, 25 474 )

0 0013 g mol PbI2 are dissolved in 1 1
H20 at 20° (Fedotieff, Z anorg 1911, 73
178)

Not more sol in HC2Hs02+Aq than in
H20, contrary to Henry (Denot, I c )

Pptd from aqueous solution by little HI +
Aq, but redissolved by the addition of more
(Ditte, C B 92 718)

Insol in cold, sol m hot HCl-fAq with
decomp

Solubility of PbI2 in HN08+Aq at 25 2°
S= Solubility in milhmols per litre

HNOa normal

s

0 001
0 01
0 051
0 04 KNO8+
0 01 HNOa

38 87
39 06
39 45

39 45

(von Ende, Z anorg 1901, 26 162 )

Sol in KOH+Aq

Sol m cone KI, Nal, BaI2, SrI2, CaI2,and
MgI2+Aq, from which it is pptd by H2O
(Berthemot )

Very sol in KI+Aq, 2 mols PbI2 being
dissolved for 1 mol KI (Boullay )

SolinNH4I+Aq Easily sol in Na2S208-f-
Aq (Werner, C N 53 51 )

Not pptd in presence of Na citrate (Spil
ler)

Solubility m sat I«+Aq at 20° =0 00216 g
mol perl Solid phase PbI2H-l2 (Fedotieft
Z anorg 1911, 73 178 )

Very easily sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin
Am Ch J 1898, 20 828 )

SI sol m alcohol (Henry ) Decomp b^
boiling ether (Vogel )

100 g formic acid dissolve 0 25 g at 19 S°
(Aschan, Ch Ztg 1913, 37 1117 )

Insol in CS2 (Arctowski, Z anotg 1894
6 257)

SI sol in benzomtnlt (Naurnann, B
1914, 47 1369 )

Difficultly sol in methyl acetate (Nau
mann, B 1909, 42 3790 )

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1910, 43 314)

Insol m acetone (Naumann, B 1904
37 4320)

0 02 pts an sol in 100 pts ac< tone at 59C

0 02 pts arc sol in 100 pts anv\l ilcuhol a
1335

0 50 pts are sol in 100 pts anihno at 13°

1 10 pts are sol in 100 pts amhm it 1S4C
(Las7czynski, B 1894, 27 22S7 )

LEAD OXIDE

451

Solubility of PbI2 in pyridine at t°

PbI2, 4KI Decomp by H20, msol in
alcohol (Boullay ) Does not exist (R

t°

G Pbla per 100
g pyridine

Solid phase

andH)
3PbI2, 4KI4-6H20 (Berfchelot, I c)

Does not exist (R and H )

—37

0 166

Pbl*, C6HSN

—20

0 175

te

Lead potassium penodide, K3Pb2I8-f 4H20

— 9

0 186

it

Decomp by H20 or alcohol (Wells, Z

0 200

anorg 4 346 )

+ 3

0 215

6

0 225

PbI2, C6H6N"+
PbI2, 2C6H6N

Lead rubidium iodide, PbI2, RbI-f2HoO

15

0 208

Pbl,, 2C5H5N

(Wells, Sill Am J 146 34 )

35

0 188

£

57

0 190

(

Lead silver iodide, Pblo, 2AgI

77
92

0 228
0 290

(Ruff and Geisel, B 1905, 38 2663)

98

0 340

Lead silver iodide ammonia, PbI2, 2AgI,

105

0 370

5NH3

112

0 410
0 445

(Ruff and Geisel, B 1905, 38 2663 )

(Heise, J phys Ch 1912, 16, 273 )

Lead hydrogen iodide, PbE2I4 =PbI2, 2HI
Cold H20 dissolves out HI Sol in hot

H20, from which crystallizes PbI2 (Guyot,

J cbim med 12 247)

H-10H20 Decomp by H20 (Berthelot,

C R 91 1024)

Lead lithium iodide, Pbl , LiI+5H2O

Loses 1 mol H20 at 95° and loses another

mol H2O at 100° (Bogorodski, C C 1894,

II 515)

Pbl,, 2LiI+6H20 SlsolinH,O (Mos-

mer, C R 1895, 120 446 )

Lead magnesium iodide, PbI2, 2MgI2

Decomp by H20 and by alcohol (Mos-

mer, A ch 1897, (7) 12 402 )

+16H2O Very hygroscopic Decomp

immediately by H20 (Otto and Drewes,

Arch Phcum 229 180)

Lead nickel iodide, PbNi2IR4-3H2O

Decomp by H2O (Mosmcr, A ch 1897,
(7) 12 411 )

Lead potassium iodide (Potassium lodoplum-
bite), Pbl,, KI

Permanent Completely decomp by H2O
Unacted upon by cold, but completely de-
comp by hot alcohol (Boullay, A ch
(2) 34 360 )

+2H20 Ihe only salt that could be
obtained by Remsen and Herty (Am Ch J
14 110)

Pblo, 2KI SI sol m boiling chloroform,
easily sol m strong KI+Aq, msol in alcohol
(Brooks, C N 1898, 77 191 )

+2H2O Decomp by H2O (Berthelot,
A ch (5) 29 289 )

Does not exist (R and H )

+4H20 (Ditte, C R 92 134 ) Does not
exist (R and H )

Lead sodium iodide, PbI2, Nal

Decomp by H20 (Poggiale, C R 20
1180)

+zH20 (Remsen and Herty, Am Ch
J 14 124)

PbI2, 2NaI+6H20 SI sol m H2O
(Moismer, C R 1895, 120 445 )

Lead iodide ammonia, PbI2, 2NH3

Decomp by H20 (Rammelsberg, Pogg
48 166)

Lead iodide carbonate
See Carbonate iodide, lead

Lead lodosulphide, PbS, 4PbI2

Decomp by light, heat, acids and alkalies

(Lenher, J Am Chem Soc 1895, 17 512 )

Sol m cone HI, insol in dil HI+Aq

(Lenher, J Am Chem Soc 1901, 23 681 )

IPbS2PbS2PbI Ppt (Hofmann, B 1904,
37 251 )

Lead sw&oxide, Pb2O

Decomp by H2O into PbO2H2

Decomp by dil H2S04, HC1, HN03,
HC2H3Oj-|-Aq, or alkalies, into PbO, which
dissolves, and Pb, which dissolves or not,
u coi ding to the it agent Sol in dil
Pb(N03) +Aq

Lead monoxide (Litharge), PbO
Sol m 7000 pts H2O (Horsfoid )
Puie PbO is msol in H2O (Brandecke,

Repert 53 155, Sit bold, Ropert, 53 174,

Herbergen, Repert 56 55 ) SI sol m H2O

(Yoike, Phil Mag (3) 5 82 )

0 31 millimoles Pb are dissolved m 1 liter
H20 at 18° (Pleissner, C C 1907, II 1056 )

1 71 X10 2 g are dissolved m 1 htie of sat
solution at 20° (Bottgei, Z phys Ch 1903,
46 603)

Easily sol in acids

452

LEAD OXIDE

Sol in KOH, or NaOH+Aq, also in
Ca02H +Aq
bol in boiling Cu(NO3)2-fAq with pptn of

* Sol m CaCl2, and SrCl2-f Aq (Andre*,
C R 104 359)

Sol m MgCli+Aq (Voigt, Ch Ztg 13
695)

Sol in boiling Cu (NO 3)2+ Aq with pptn of
CaO

Partially sol in Cd(N08)2, and Mn(N08)2
4-Aq with pptn of CdO and MnO respec-
tivel}

Not acted upon by Mg, Ag, Co, Ni, or Ce
nitrates 4- Aq CPersoz )

"Very sol in Pb(C2H3O2)2+Aq (Rochle-
der )

Insol m liquid NH* (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 828 )

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1889,
II, 1014 )

When findy pulverised, sol in cane sugar
+Aq, but less than PbsO* (Peschier )

SI sol m gl> cerme Headily sol in glucose
+ Art (P( rsoz )

Sol m volatile oils (Schwreitzer )

Yellow modification

Solubility m HjO at 22°

1 It How PbO, obtained by

boiling load hydroxide
with lOSr NaOH

2 Ydlow PbO, obtained by

hcatinKl it 030°

3 \dlow P1)O, obturudb}

luatm^ it 740° red PbO,
fomud b> boiling lead
hvliQ\id( V1*h cone
NaOIL

4 lifllow PbO obt mud b>

hiatms pun, rorrinu r-
dil, \fllow-brown PbO
ti (>20°

Soluviihlv m K
{qui\ per litre

1 03 x 10-"

1 05 x 10 *

1 00 \ 10 *

1 00 \ 10 »

fJJun, / mom lOOd, 60 27 * )

hu! mi difitn tttu Ohtunirl M boiling
1( id ll\«lIo^l<l< \\l\\l M'llf N »<>M f \<|

N»hjliihf\ in H<> if 22 =0 ibXIO l f,
<qui\ jHil iKun / »JH»IK lf>W 50 27 i)

} (Ha 11 tut it /i imul JH tttvti Nilnbilit\ in
II f) it JJ I 10 «T10 » f, *qui\ [>(i litif
(Kmi / uuiif, 1'MMi, 50 27 »)

SM f//yj Lead

Mm Ur; /f«/

Lead oxide (Red lead), Pl>3(),

Insol m If O

(_<»n\ut<d 1>\ iri«ls into PbO md silts of
wont \\idi

Sol in i 1 irp tnit of ^hn il urtic arid
<B<i/<hus,i Insol m Kttic and (Schon-
bfin, J pi 74 W )

Solution in HCaHsOa-f Aq may decompose
or not according to concentration of acid
When treated with an excess of HC2H302-f-
Aq of 8° B, Pb3O4 is quickly dissolved, but
the solution soon deposits PbO^, this de-
composition is facilitated by dilution But
if Pb3O4 is treated with a large excess of
glacial HC2H8O2, it dissolves, and the solu-
tion is permanent if atmospheric air is ex-
cluded, and temp does not rise above 40°
(Jacquelam, J pr 53 152 )

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II, 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329 )

Easily sol m cane sugar -fAq (Peschier )

Mm Minium

, Pb203

Insol m H O or m KOH+Aq
Decomp by strong acids into Pb02 and
corresponding salt of wowoxide

Lead peroxide, PbO 2

Insol in H2O Sol in acids, also in cone
alkali hydroxides +Aq Ihe solutions in
acids are veiy unstable, except when con-
centrated and kept at a low tompciature

Decomp by cold HC1, HCN, HBr, and
HI -j- Aq Not attacked by other acids when
cold, but dccomp thcieby when hot Insol
in modti at cly cone HNOj, II SOi, or
HC2II/) -f Aq

Thou aro two forms of PbO , the imoi
phous and the uy&tallmc

11 ofun «>n( II S()J dissolus 10 niilh
inols tr\s< ilhiH PbO

Solubility of amorphous PbO m If SO4-fAc
it 22°

()() *> nnlliinoN PbO in clissol\(d in 1 1 o
wid (out unmji; 1720 j; II SO,

1 millmiols I b( ) u< (lissol\(d m 1 1 o
Kid foni lining 10(I7 ^ II SO,

\ = molts H SO) per mol< of II O

f - milhmoK 1*1)0 dissolxid in 1 liln

0 U
0 -JO
0 2">

f) S2
0 1
7 10

s 10

0 10

1 JO

i I ><>!( / ill 1 unl I in< kli /

!<()(, 61

I)((oinp l>\ MI,OII f \q S<,1 in (OIK
KOII, 01 \ tOIL-f Vq

Sol uilli fl<<ornp in H^(NOj) | Vq
fl < \ol )

Insol in u(tonr flidininn ( C 1899
II 101 1 \ turn inn H 1001 37 Jf) H )

Mm / ldffn(ri((

Lead manganese y^roxide, PbC) , 4MnO

Ppt 'Gil)l)h and Pirkmann, Sill Am J
(2) 39 5S)

LE4JD SULPHIDE MERCURIC CHLORIDF

oxybromide, PbBr2, PbO
Insol in H20

and 3H20 (AndrS, C R 96

6PbO, PbBr2+2H20 Ppt (Stromholm,
Z anorg 1904, 38 436 )

Lead oxychlonde, 2PbCl2, PbO-j-2H20
(Andre", C R 96 435 )
I*bCl2, PbO Absolutely insol in hot or
cold H20 (Andre", A ch (6) 3 108 )
Min Mattockite

4-H20 Sol in hot NaOH+Aq (Andr6 )

O 38 milhmols Pb are dissolved in 1 litre

H2O at 18° (Pleissner, C C 1907,11 1055)

PbCla, 2PbO Insol in H20 Sol in dil

KOH+Aq (about 110 g in 1 1 ) (Ditte, C R

94. 1180)

Min Mendiptfe Easily sol mHNOs-fAq
-h2H20 (Andre\A ch (6) 3 111 )
PbCl2, 3PbO Insol in H20 (Dober-
einer )

+ J^H20 Ppt (Stromhohn, Z anorg
19O4, 38 435 )

H-2H20 0 10 milhmols Pb are dissolved
in 1 litre H2O at 18° (Pleissner, C C 1907,
II 1056 )

+3H20 Ppt (Andr<§, C R 104 359 )
•4-4H20 Nearly insol in H20 SI sol
in KaOH+Aq (Vauquehn )
3?bCl2, 5PbO (DcJbereiner )

4 t

Lead phosphide, PbP*

Decomp b> H 0 and dil u i 1,
C R 1913, 157 721 )

Lead phosphoselemde, Pb*M I VN
Insol inHjOorHCl-f \q -*,] m jixo,.

in cold, slowlj deeornp In hot
kahes+\q CHahn. J pr 2) 9$ 4fc»
2PbSe, PaSe^ Insol in II j * HC I

6PbO. PbCl 4- 2H20 Ppt
Z anorg 1904, 38 434 )

PbCl2, 7PbO Cassel-yellow

(Stromholm,

Lead strontium oxychlonde, 2PbO, SrCl +

5H20
(Andre, C R 104 359 )

Lead oxychlonde, iodide, PbCl*, Pbl , 4PbO
Mm Schwartzenbergite Sol in dil

Lead oxyiodide, PbI2, PbO

Insol m boiling H20 or KI -}- \q (Brandes,
A 10 269)

; O fDitte, C R 92 145 )

PblT, 2PbO Insol m H20 (Denot, J
Pharm 20 1 )

2PbSe, P Se5 Decomp b\ fuming HNU,
(Hahn)

Lead selemde, PbSe

Cold H\O,+ A,a dissoht-s I>b with »<*p^a-
Uon of Se, which dissol\e« on war-nuns
(Little, \ 112 212) *

Mm Clausthahte Sol m
with separation of Se, when

Lead mercury selemde, t ph I£g ^
Mm Lehrbachite

Lead sulphide, PbS

Ver> si sol in H O

1 1 H O dissolves 3 OX1O mjte Pb^ at
18° (Weigel, Z ph\s Ch lr*07 68 2^4

1 1 HO dissolves 3X1Q-* g Pb*> it 20
(Heves>,Z anorg 1913 82 32s

Insol in dilute acid- alk tlu - m 1 I!K di
sulphides -}- \q Decomp -vsitb c *luti3a m
moderateh oil K\(X— \q \\ih c »nc
HX03 or aqua regia, PbSO4 ia orm^d ^ol
in hot cone HC1— \q

H O sat with H S di^s -»1\ e- 1 -y * 1»> L
PbS at 25° iHe^es\ Z JT »-e 1^1 j 82
32S)

Insol in XH4C1, or XH«XU — \q

Somewhat sol in H S— \q ^^
therewith in a sealed tube
ch (3)32 168)

Insol in

\\.

PbI273PbO-f2H20 Ppt avuhn, C C

1847 593 )

PbI2, 5PbO Insol in HoO ( Denot )

+7H2O (Ditte, C R 92 145)

6PbO, PbI2-h2H20 Ppt (Stromholm,

Z anorg 1904, 38 437 )

9PbO, Pblo +2H20 (Stromholm, Z anorg

1904, 38 437 )

Lead oxypenodide, PbO, PbI2I3

Decomp by boiling H20 Sol in dil
HC2H302+Aq (Groger, W 4. B 100, 2b
415)

B-et

^ i ed

^* \

(Rosenbladt, Z anal 26 15
Sol m \aSO -\q

Ch 5 64b)

Insol m liquid \H f

J lS9b>, 20 i>2S )
Mm Galena, Galet t

Bodr.

>*^ ->
» \ C

Lead

Ppt mbol in
b\ cone H\0
139S)

Lead platinum sulphide
See Sulphoplannate, lead

Lead sulphide mercuric chloride

4HgCl

Decomp b\ H 0 L^A a.
1666)

130

C P 96

454

LEAD SULPHOBROMIDE

Lead sulphobroimde, chloride, or iodide
See Lead bromosulphide, etc

Lead c&sulphoc&unide, PbN2S , NH8
Ppt

Very stable in the air or in a vacuum
Sol in no solvent without decomp
When rapidly heated it explodes very

violently at 140° (Ruff, B 1904, 37 1581 )

Lead tellunde, PbTe

Insol in H2O Sol m cold HN08+Aq
(Rose, Pog£? 18 68 )

Mm AUaite Easily sol in HN03+Aq

" Leucone "

"Wohler (\ 127 268) gives this substance
the formula Hi0Si«OJO, but it is identical with
mheoformic anhydride, Si2H203, which see

Lime

Quicklime, OaO See Calcium oxide
Slaked lime, Ca02H2 See Calcium hy-
droxide

Lithium, Li

D< composes HoO

Easily sol indil acids Slowly attacked by
cone H2SO4, rapidly by cone HN03-f Aq

Inaol m hydrocarbons Sol m liquid NH8,
but not so easily as K

Sol in hquiA NH8 CFrankbn, \m Ch
J 180S, 20 S20 )

1 grain atom dissolves

at 0° m * 03 mol liquid NH,
^ _ 25° " 3 03 " " "

« . _ 50<> « } 0,3 it tt tt

11 —SO0 " 3 OS " " "
(Ruff, B 1906, 39 SiO)

Sol m (tlrvlimim Insol in propylamme
and in sr < ond try ind torti iry immos ( Fvr uzs.
J \m Chcm Soe 1007,29 1501)

Lithium amalgam,

is obtmud it ill temp up to 100°
dm be (i\st from Kg \\ithout d< romp at
anvtcmp bdo\\ 100° (lum, / more 10(K),
25 OS)

Lithium amide, I iNH
(KufT, B 1011 44 ->0r>)
D((omp slo\\I\ in the in
SIowI\ <l(fornp }j\ cold, i ipully 1)> hot

^lo\\l\ d( ( oinp l>v IK I

S]<mlv rJmmip !)> cold ripidh In hot
ibs ilcoliol (IitlurlfN (lum SOP 1S04
65 )1S)

/nlithium amide, Ii,NH

If\rlros«)pu docomp b\ HO
M 1010, 31 OOj )

(Difrrt.

Lithium ammonia, Li, NH3

Decomp by H20 at ordinary temp , sol
in liquid NH3 (Moissan, C R 1898, 127
689)

Li, 3NH3 (Moissan, C R 1901, 133 716 )

(Da*

ammonium, LisNH*
Very hydroscopic, decomp by H2O
fert, M 1910,31 992)

Lithium antunomde, Li8Sb

Decomp bv H20 with evolution of H2
Sol m liquid NH8 (Lebeau, C R 1902, 134
285)

Lithium arsenide, Li8As

Decomp by H20, decomp violently by
fuming HNO8 (Lebeau, C R 1899, 129 50 )

Lithium azounide, LiN8
Deliquescent Stable in aq solution
36 12 pts are sol m 100 pts H20 at 10°
6207 " " " " 100 " H20 "155°
66 41 " " " " 100 " HoO " 16°
2026 " " " " 100 " abs alcohol

at 16°

Insol in ether (Curtius, J pr 1898, (2)

58 277)

•f H O Very hvdroscopic, decomp in the

air Very sol in H O and alcohol (Dennis,

2 anorg 1898, 17 18 )

Lithium bromide, LiBr

Deliquescent
100 pts H O dissolve at
0° 34° 50° 82° 103°
143 190 222 244 270 pts LiBi

Sp fir of I iBr+ \q it 10 5° —

10

lr>

20

0
1 0*r> 1072 IIH 11% 1201 12r>i

40 4r> r)0 5)%TiBr
1 3<>S 1 4^2 1 r>()0 1 r)SO
fKrcmors, PORK 103 (>r> 104 1H Oorhch,
mil 8 2Sr>)

Ifmp of in ixiiniiin
• of I iHr-f \cj

1 021°

0 SS1°

(d< (1opp«t, (

^ -mol I iBi dissolved
in 1000 K ]^()

0 JOU
0 HS$

1000, 131 17S)

-j f^rmklm,

Moilrr itflv sol in liquid N

\m ( h T 1S9S, 20 SJS )
Sol in b( n/onitiil( (N nun inn, B 1014,

47 1 W) )

Soluhilitv in Mvfol it 1170=^7r>r0 (de
onmfIfIUlK \<ad Bull 1905, r>9 )
Sol in intono (Niurninn, B 1004,37

4 US, I idminn, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Sol m mothvl acotato (IS mm inn, B 1009,

42 37SO) oth>l acotato (Niuminn, B 1004,

37 3601 )

LITHIIAI CHLORIDE

455

Difficultly sol in ethyl acetate (Nau-
mann, B 1910, 43 314 )
4-H2O 100 g H20 dissolve 209 g LiBr
at 44° (Bogorodski, C C 1894, II 514 )
-h2H20 (Bogorodski )
H-3H2O 100 g H20 dissolve 80 g LiBr
at -30°, and 122 g at —10° (Bogorodski )

LrCHiiii-n tnnWhiifiTnrl bromide. LiBr. MoOBr*

Sp gr of LiCIt-Yq

g Lid m HIM g
of solution

-I *T 1 U*

0
2 3923
62360
10 1093

1 (MMJOUO
1 001405
1 003&47
1 005921

i J_P->.£»-

Very hygroscopic (Weinland and Knoll,
2 a*xorg 1905, 44 111 )

Litfcutun bronude ammonia

r NH5 Sol ni H20 with decomp
r 2NH8 " " " "
r 3NH8 " " " "

' .»»-w-» ft re tt tt tt

(Bonnefoi, C R 1900, 130 1395 )

e, LiC2

Insol ni cone acids

Sol nif used oxidiznig agents, decomp JtlaO
in. tKe cold (Moissan, C R 1896, 122 363 )

LrttLium swbchlonde, Li2Cl

Decomp by H20 (Guntz, C R 1895,
121 945)

Lrittuttm chloride, LiCl

Very deliquescent Most deliquescent salt
known to Berzelms Very sol in H20 Sol
in 1 315 pts H20 at 15° (Gerlach )

1OO pts H20 dissolve at
0-20° 65° 80° 69° 140° 160°
63 7 807 1042 115 129 139 145 pts LiCl
(Gerlach, Z anal 8 281 )

Sp gr of LiCl+Aq at 15° containing
15 10 15 20% LiCl,

1006 1030 1058 1086 1117

25 30 35 40% LiU

1148 1182 1219 1256
(Gerlach, Z anal 8 281 )

Sp gr of LiCl+Aq at 18° containing
K 10 20 30 40%LiCl

1 0274 1 0563 1 115 1 181 1 255
(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

(Drjken, Z ph\s Ch 1S<»7, 5Mu 109

Sp gr of LiCl-l- ^q at 0°
» LiCl 4 26 12 18 22 2 32 5 414
Ip gr 1 026 1 073 1 U4 1 203 1 267
(Lemome, C R Ib97, 126 603 )

Sp gr ofLiCl-f\qat2Q°

\ormaht\ of J r^ l^C\ **f» VT

1035
7 17

35 97
26 40

i 1 2230
) 1 1550

5 57

21 10

, 1 1215

2 98

11 S3

! 1 Ob91

1 06

4 37

I 1 0232

(Forchheimer, Z ph\s Ch 1900,34 25)

Sp gr 20° 4° of a normal solution of LiC3 i *
1022375 tHaigh, J \m Chem Soc 1912,
34 1151 )

0 0000
0 0001
0 0002
0 0005
0 0010
0 0020
0 0050
0 0100

1 000 0000
1 0000025
1 0000050
1 uOOO^b
1 1XXJ U2o 3
1 000 050 o
1 000125^
1 000 251 U
, _, " '

1 0243
1 0129
1 0062
1 0030

Sp gr ofdil LiCl^-
Cone =S equiv LiClperl at 20004'
Sp gr compared with H O at

Coco

»Skmncr, Cheffl Soc 61 341

456

LITHIUM CHLORIDE

Sat LiCl+Aq boils at 171° (Kremers)

B-pt ofLiCl+Aq P=pts LiClto
100 pts H20

Solubility in ethyl alcohol
Temp 1 06° 5 07° 13 0° 25 0° 40 6° 62 6C
%LiCl 14 14 13 14 15 18

B pt

P

B pt

P

B pt

P

'

101°

3 5

124°

485

147°

875

100 g ethyl alcohol dissolve at

102

7

125

50

148

90

0° 5° 10° 15° 17°

103
104
105

10
12 5
15

126
127
128

515
53
545

149
150

151

925
95
975

14 42 15 04 16 77 18 79 20 31 g LiCl
The solid phase from OM7° is LiCl, 4C2H60

106

17 5

129

56

152

100

107
108
109
110

20
22

24
26

i 130
131
132
133

575
59
605
62

153
154
155
156

1025
105
1075
1105

20° 30° 40° 50° 60°
2428 2510 2538 2440 2346gLiCl
The solid phase from 20°-60° is LiCl

111

28

1?

*4

635

157

1135

(Turner and Bissett, Chem Soc 1913, 103

112

30

135

65

158

1165

1907)

113

32

136

665

1585

11796

114

33 5

137

68

159

1195

115

35

no K

138

6975

160

1225

1OK K

Solubility in ethyl alcohol +Aq at 25°

117

36 5
38

140

7325

162

Uo o
1285

100 g of the solution contain

118

39 5

141

75

163

1315

G CaHsOH

G HaO

G LiCl

4.

1

1>

to

77

164

135

120

42 5

JSX4*

143

1 1
79

JLUTC

165

JLOt/

1385

0

55 10

44 90

121

44

144

81

166

1425

5 96

51 52

42 52

122

45 5

145

83

167

1465

11 07

48 73

40 20

123

47

146

85

168

151

17 46

43 90

38 64

1

IQ KA

A*> 7ft

37 74

(Gerlach,

Z anal 26 437)

J.o OO

22 16

9tO l\>

41 17

36 67

26 29

39 51

34 70

Cl+Aq at 0°

28 97

37 42

33 61

29 27

36 89

33 84

i.0 cc of
ition

Sp gr of

30 10

36 64

33 26

solution

30 51

35 67

33 82

HCl

LiCl HCl

32 79

34 95

32 26

QQ A(\

01 CO

OA AO

120

0 0

51 0 00

1 255

oo 4U

49 27

ol uo

24 67

OU \J£

26 06

97 5

22 5

41 4 82

1 243

50 32

24 04

25 64

67 0

66 0

28 5 24 1

1 249

53 50

20 94

25 56

58 0

81 0

24 6 29 5

1 251

58 15

K(\ fro

18 47

17 Aft.

23 38

oo 7/3

(Engel, A ch (6) 13 385 )

oy to
63 09

if 40

14 83

££ f O

22 08

See also LiCl-hH2O
SI sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch

Ji ono OA ooo \

70 24
70 70
70 74

8 66
8 26

7 78

21 10
21 04
21 48

1898, 20 828 )
Sol in absolute alcohol, ether, and alcohol-

79 26

0

20 74

ether
B -pt of alcoholic solution of LiCl

The solid phase in the mixtures which are
nchest in alcohol is LiCl, in the other mix-

%LiCl

B pt

% LiCl

B pt

tures the solid phase is LiCl+H20

TPina de Rubies C C 1915 I 521 )

2 4

78

43° +0 70°

9 93

78 43°+ 5 55°

5 39

" 4-2

15

15 94

" H- 11 75

8 01

" +4 18

Sp gr of LiCl in ethyl alcohol (LiCl,

O/"^ TT /~\\

(Skinner )

2C2H60)

rtVky-xl -1 A n /-) o/-vr»/}oackO lf\ A.C\Of

% salt

Sp gr at 14°

&p gr at 0°

QCJlU.LUJU.uj' J " ciiHj\jJJXu.~T~.rtL.v£ VJ.GUJ. tcusv^tj uv/ -scv /Q

alcohol +60% H20 Curve shows minimum

0

0 797

0 809

at 30% H20 to 70% alcohol The sat pure
H20 and pure alcohol solutions cooled to 0°

5 2
10 1

0 839
0 871

0 851

0 881

deposit LiCl, H20 and LiCl, 4C2H60 respec-

14 6

0 903

0 903

"Riihipfi? P A 1914 743

tiveiy \ j. inai u.c
3006)

XXLUJlcSj \J -TX JmVJLTt I ^CO

(Lemome, C R 1897, 126 605 )

LITHIUM URANIUM CHLORIDE

457

Solubility in methyl alcohol at t°

Solubility of LiCl in acetone

t°

% LiCl in sat solution

Pts sol in 100 pts acetone

t

1
23
50

26
27

30

4 60
4 40
4 11
3 76
3 12
2 14

0
12
25
46
53
58

(Lemome, C R 1897, 125 604 )
SD er of LiCl in methvl alcohol CLiCl.

salt 5 2

gr at 21 5° 0 836

gr "0°

0854

145
0910
0926

221

0974
0988

(Lemome, C R 1897, 125 604 )

15 86 g are sol in 100 g propyl alcohol
(Schlamp, Z phys Oh 1894, 14 276 )

Sol in 15 pts fusel oil (Gooch, Am Ch J
9 33)

100 g methyl alcohol dissolve 42 36 g LiCl
at 25°

100 g ethyl alcohol dissolve 25 83 g LiCl
at 25°

100 g propyl alcohol dissolve 16 22 g LiCl
at 25°

100 g isoamyl alcohol dissolve 9 03 g LiCl
at 25°

(Turner and Bissett, Chem Soc 1913, 103
1909)

Solubility of fused LiCl in alcohols at 25°

Millimols HC1 m 10 ccm

Millimols LiCl in 10 ccm

6 30
10 53
17 64

135 36
134 14
126 52
122 58

Solvent

% I iCl

Water
Ethyl alcohol
Propyl alcohol
Butyl alcohol
Amyl alcohol
Allyl alcohol
Glycerine
Phenol (at 53°C)

45 0
2 475
3 720
9 56
8 26
4 20
4 14
1 89

(Patten and Mott, J phys Chem 1904, 8
158)

100 pts pyridme dissolve 7 78 pts LiCl at
15°, 1426 pts LiCl at 100° (Laszczynski,
B 1894,27 2288)

Soluble in anhydrous pyridme, 97% pyri
dme+Aq, 95% pyridme +Aq, and 93%
pyridme -f-Aq (Kahlenberg, J Am Chem
Soc 1908, 30 1107)

Difficultly sol in methyl acetate (Nau
mann, B 1909, 42 3789), ethyl acetate
(Naumann, B 1910, 43 314 )

Sol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B 1904,
37 3601)

Solubility in glycol at 15° = 11% (de
Comnck, Belg Acad Bull 1905, 359 )

Insol in benzomtrile (Naumann, B
1914,47 1370)

Sol in ethylamme (Shinn, J phys Chem
1907,11 538)

Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899, II
1014)

(Laszczynski, B 1894, 27 2287 )

+H20 13 536 milhmols are contained
mil sat solution at 25° (Herz, Z anorg
1912, 73 274 )

Solubility in HCl+Aq at 25°

(Herz, Z anorg 1912, 73 274 )

+2H20 Sol m acetone (Krug and
M'Elroy, J Anal Ch 6 184 )

+3H20 (Bogorodski, C C 1894> II
514)

Lithium gold chloride

e Chloraurate, lithium

Lithium manganous chloride, LiCl, MnCl2-|-

3H20

Decomp by H20, stable only in excess of
LiCl (Chassevant, A ch (6) 30 10 )

Lithium mercuric chloride, 2LiCl, HgClo

Very deliquescent and sol mH2O (Harth,
Z anorg 1897, 14 323 )

Lithium nickel chloride, LiCl, NiCl2+3H2O
Deliquescent Sol in H2O and alcohol
(Chassevant )

Lithium thallic chloride, SLiCl, T1CU+

8H2O

Very deliquescent Sol m H2O (Pratt,
Am J Sci 1895, (3) 49 404 )

Lithium stannic chloride
See Chlorostannate, lithium

Lithium uranous chloride,

As K salt (Aloy, Bull Soc 1899, (3) 21
264)

Lithium uranium chloride, UC14, 2LiCl

Very hydroscopic, sol in H2O with decomp
Sol in acetic acid Decomp by alcohol
(Aloy, Bull Soc 1899, (3) 21 264 )

458

LITHIUM ZINC CHLORIDE

Lithium zinc chloride, LiCl, ZnCl2+3H20
Extremely deliquescent (Ephrarm, Z

anorg 1908, 59 68 )
SLiCl, ZnCl2-|-10H20 (?) Not obtained

in solid state (Ephraim, Z anorg 1908, 69

69)

Lithium chloride ammonia

LiCl, NH8

LiCl, 2NH3

LiCl, 3NH8

LiCl, 4NH8

Above salts are all decomp by H20
(Bonnefoi, C R 1898, 127 367-369 )

Lithium chloroiodide, LiCl4l+4H20

Deliquescent (Wells and Wheeler, Sill
Am J 144 42 )

Lithium fluoride, LiF

Very difficultly sol in H20 (Berzelms,
Pogg 1 17)

Two crystalline forms Only very si sol
in H20 Very si decomp by H20 at red
heat (Poulenc, Bull Soc 1894, (3) 11 17 )

Sp gr of solution sat at 18° = 1 003 and
contains 027% LiF (Mylius, B 1897, 30
1718)

Sol in 800 pts H20, and the presence of
NH4F and NH8 decreases solubility to 1
3500 (Carnot, Bull Soc 1889, (3) 1 250 )

Two crystalline forms are very si sol in
HC1, easily sol in HN08 (Poulenc, Bull
(3) 11 17 )

ystallme forms are insol in 95%
(Poulenc )

in metlrvl acetate (Naumann, B
_, - 3790 )

Difficultly sol in ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910,43 314)

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Lithium hydrogen fluoride, LiHF2

Difficultly sol in H20, but more easily than
LiF (Berzelms )

Lithium silicon fluoride
See Fluosilicate, lithium

Lithium stannic fluoride
See Fluostannate, lithium

Lithium tantalum fluoride
See Fluotantalate, lithium

Lithium uranyl fluoride, TJ02F2, 4LiF
(Ditte )

Lithium zirconium fluoride
See Fluozirconate, lithium

Lithium hydride, LiH

Not deliquescent Decomp by H20
(Guntz, C R 1896, 123 997 )

Lithium hydrosulphide, LiSH (?)

Deliquescent Sol in H20 and alcohol
(BerzeHus, Pogg 6 439 )

Lithium hydroxide, LiOH

Not so deliquescent as NaOH, and appar-
ently not more sol in hot than cold H20
(Gmelm, Gub 62 399 )

Not deliquescent (Arfvedson, A ch 10
82)

The solubility of LiOH in H20 can be ex-
pressed by y =6 6750+0 00346t+0 OOOSt2,
where y~the percentage of LiaO in a satur-
ated solution (Dittmar, Jour Soc Chem
Ind 7 730)

Solubility of LiOH in H20 at t°

t°

G per 100 g Solution

G LiOH per
100 g H20

Li2O LiOH

0

6 67

10 64

12 7

10

6 74

10 80

12 7

20

6 86

10 99

12 8

25

6 95

11 14

12 9

30

7 05

11 27

12 9

40

7 29

11 68

13 0

50

7 56

12 12

13 3

60

7 96

12 76

13 8

80

8 87

14 21

15 3

100

10 02

16 05

17 5

(SeiddTs Solubilities, 1st Ed 174 )

A sat aq solution contains 7 09% LiOH
(Schreinemakers, C C 1905, II 1486 )

Sp gr of LiOH+Aqafc 18° containing
1 25 25 5 75% LiOH

10132 10276 10547 10804
(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

Solubility in Li3SbS4+Aq U 30°

LiOH

%

Li3SbS4

Solid Phase

11 4

0

LiOH, H,O

9 1

8 3

it

2 3

29 9

2 1

4k 3

u

2 1

52 1

LiOH, H20+Li(JSbS4,

10H2O

1 4

51 8

Li8Sb&4, 10H 0

0

51 3

«

(Donk, Chem Weekbl 1908, 5 529, 029, 767 )

SI sol in alcohol, insol in alcohol-ether
(Mayer )

Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1904, 37 3601 )

LITHIUM SILICIDE

459

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Cryst also with H20, and MH20 (Gottig,
B 20 2912)

Lithium imide, Li2NH

Decomp at high temp Insol in toluene,
benzene, ether and ethjl acetate Decomp
CHCls (Ruff, B 1911, 44 506 )

Lithium iodide, Lil

Dehquescent

Solubility in 100 pts H20 at
0° 19° 40° 59° 75° 80° 99° 120°
151 164 179 200 263 435 476 588 pts Lil

Sp gr of Lil+Aq at 19 5° containing
5 10 15 20 25 30%IaI,
1 038 1 079 1 124 1 172 1 224 1 280

35 40 45 50 55 60% Lil
1344 1414 1489 1575 1670 1777
(Kremers, Pogg 104 133, 111 60 Ger-
lach, Z anal 8 295 )

Sp gr of Lil+Aq at 18° containing
5 10 15 20 25%LiI

10361 10756 11180 11643 12138
(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

Temp of maximum g -mol Lil dissolved

density of Lil+Aq in 1000 g H20

2 516° 0 1795

0 039° 0 4666

(de Coppet, C R 1900, 131 178 )

Very sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am
Ch J 1898, 20 828 )

100 g methyl alcohol dissolve 343 4 g Lil
at 25°

100 g ethyl alcohol dissolve 250 8 g Lil
at 25°

100 g propyl alcohol dissolve 47 52 g Li!
at 25°

100 g isoamvl alcohol dissolve 11250 g
Lil at 25°

In the case of propyl alcohol the soh<
phase it 25° is Lil, 4C<,H8O (Turner anc
Bisbett, Ch( m Sue 1913,103 1909)

Solubility in organic solvents at t°
C=pts by wt of Lil in 100 can of th

sat solution

L=no of liters which at the saturatio:

temp hold in solution 1 mol Lil

Solvent

t

C

L

Furfurol

Nitromethane
(t

25°
25°

0°

45 86
2 519
1 219

0 292
5 32
10 98

(Walden, Z phys Ch 1906, 65 718 )

Solubility m glycol at 15 3° =28% (de
Coninck, Belg Acad Bull 1905, 359 )

Sol in benzonitrile (Naumann, B 1914,
7 1369)

Scl m methyl acetate (Naumann, B
909, 42 3789 )

Difficultly sol in ethyl acetate (Naumann,
* 1910, 43 314 )

Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899, II
014. Naumann, B 1904, 37 4328 )

+H20 Mpt below 200° (Bogorodsky,
D C 1897,11 175)

H-2H2O Mpt 86-8R0 (Bogorodsky)

+3H2O Mpt 75° (Bogorodsky)

Sol m absolute alcohol without decomp
Thirsoff, Chem Soc 1894, 66 (2) 234 )

The composition of the hydrates formed by

Lil at different dilutions is calculated from

.eterminations of the lowering of the fr -pt

produced by Lil and of the conductivity and

p gr ofLiI+Aq (Jones, Am Ch J 1905,

34 301 )

Lithium mercuric iodide, 2LiI, HgI2+6H20
Very deliquescent Decomp by H20
Very sol without decomp in alcohols, glycer-
ine, acetone, fuming formic acid, acetic acid,
ethyl acetate, ethyl oxalate, etc Less sol
in nitrobenzene Insol in benzene and
methyl iodide (Dubom, C R 1905, 141
1017)

+8H20 Decomp by H20 Very sol in
alcohols, glycerine, acetone, fuming formic
acid, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, etc without
decomp SI sol m nitrobenzene Insol in
Benzene and methyl iodide (Dubom, 1 c )

-}-9H20 Hydroscopic Sol in alcohol
and acetone without decomp (Dobroserdoff,
~ C 1901, I 664 )

Lithium nitride, LisN

Sol m H20 with decomp (Ouvrard, C R
114 120)

Very hydroscopic (Dafert, M 1910, 31
987)

Lithium oxide, Li20

Slowly sol m H20 to form LiOH
See Lithium hydroxide

Lithium peroxide, Li202

(de Forcrand, C R 1900, 130 1467 )

Lithium hydrogen peroxide, Li 02, H202+

3H2O

Sol in H20 Insol m alcohol (de For-
crand, C R 1900, 130 1466 )

Lithium selemde, I i->Se

Sol in H2O (Jabre, C R 103 269 )
+9H2O Sol mH2O (Fabre )

Lithium silicide, Li6Si

Decomp by H20 and by dil acids De-
comp by aqueous solutions of alkalies with
evolution of H (Moissan, C R 1902, 134
1083)

460

LITHIUM SULPHIDE

Lithium ?nor?osulphide, Li«S

More sol m H2O or alcohol than LiOH

Luteochromium bromide, Cr(3SrH8)6Br8

Less sol in H20 than the chloride (Jor-
gensen, J pr (2) 30 1 )

bromoplatinate, [Cr(NHs)6]2(PtBr8)3+

4H2O

SI sol in H2O Insol in alcohol ( Jorgen-
sen)

chloride, Cr(NH8)6Cl3+H20

Efflorescent, and very sol in H20 ( Jorgen-
sen)

chloroplatinate

(a) [Cr(NH8)6]2(PtCl6)3+6H20 Nearly
completely insol in H20 (Jorgensen )

(6)Cr(NH8)6Cl(PtCl6)+2^H20 Decomp
by H20 into above, insol in alcohol (Jor-
gensen)

(c) [Cr(NH3)6]2Cl4(PtCl6)+2H20 De-
comp by H2O into (a) (Jorgensen )

mercuric chloride, Cr(NH8)6Cl8, HgCl2

Decomp by H20, si sol in dil HCl+Aq,
insol in alcohol

Cr(NHs)eCl3, 3HgCl2-f2H20 Decomp
by dil HCl+Aq into above salt (Jorgen-
sen)

iromicyamde, Cr(NH8)6Cr(CN)6
.ipitate

cobalticyamde, Cr(NH3)6Co(CN)6

Nearly insol in H20 or in cone HCl+Aq
( Jbrgensen )

- ferrocyamde, Cr(NH8)aFe(CN)6

Very si sol in cold H20 or dil acids
(Jbrgensen )

— iodide, Cr(NH8)6I3
SI sol in H20 (Jorgensen, 1 c )

• lodosulphate, Cr(NH3)<jSo4I

Sol in H2O, nearly insol in dil NH4OH+
Aq or alcohol (Jorgensen )

nitrate, Cr(NH3)6(N03)8

Sol in 35-40 pts H2O Insol in cold dil
HN03+Aq or alcohol Can be crystallised
out of H2O containing a little HN03 (Jor-
gensen, J pr (2) 30 1 )

nitrate chloroplatinate,

Cr(NH3)6(N08)PtCl6+H O
Insol in H2O Sol in dil H2SO4+Aq
(Jorgensen )

mtratosulphate, Cr(NH8)6(NO3)S04

Sol in H20, insol in alcohol ( Jorgensen )

Luteochromium oxalate, [Cr(NH3)6]2(C2O4)3+

4H20
Nearly insol in cold H20 (Jorgensen )

ortfophosphate, Cr(NH3)6P04+4H20

SI sol in H20, easily sol in dil acids
(Jbrgensen )

sodium ps/rophosphate,

Cr(NH8)6(NaP207) +11 ^H20
Nearly insol in cold H20, wholly msol in
dil NH4OH+Aq (Jorgensen)

sulphate, [Cr(NH8)6]2(SO4)3+5H20

Quite sol m H20, nisol m alcohol (J6r-
gensen )

sulphate chloroplatinate,

[Cr(NH3)6(S04)]2PtCl6
Nearly insol m H20 (Jorgensen )

Luteocobalt famine chromium sulpho-
cyamde

See Diamine chromitini luteocobalt sulpho-
cyanide

Luteocobaltic bromide, Co(NH8)6Br8

Sol in H20 Precipitated from saturated
H20 solution by dil HBr+Aq (Jorgensen,
J pr (2) 35 417 )

— bromopennanganate,
Co(NH8)6Br2(Mn04)
Easily sol in H20 (Klobb, A ch (6) 12

bromoplatinate, Co(NH8)6Br8, PtBr4+

H20

SI sol in H20; can be recrystalhsed from
hot H20 containing HBr (Jorgensen )

bromosulphate, Co(NH3)0Br(SO4)

Nearly insol in H20 Very si sol in dil
NH4OH+Aq (Jorgensen )

- carbonate, [Co(NH3)6]2(C03)3+7H20

Efflorescent, easily sol m H20

[Co(NH3)6]2(C03)3, H2C03+5H2O Less
sol in H2O than the neutral salt (Gibbs
and Genth )

• chloride, Co(NH8)6Cl3

Sol in 17 09 pts H20 at 10 5°, 16 81 pts
at 11 4° , 16 48 pts at 12°, and more easily m
hot H2O (F Rose )

100 pts H O dissolve 4 26 pts at 0°, and
12 74 pts at 46 6° (Kurnakoff, J russ Soc
24 629)

Not appreciably sol in cone HCl+Aq
(Jorgensen )

Insol m alcohol or solutions of the alkali
chlorides (Gibbs and Genth )

Insol in NH4OH+Aq

LUTEOCOBALTIC CHROMATE

461

Aqueous solution is pptd by alcohol, min-
eral acids, or alkali chlorides

Luteocobalfcc mercuric chloride, Co(NH8)6Cl3.

Sol in hot H20 (Krok, 1870 )

By recrystallizing from hot H20 containing
HC1 is converted into —

Co(NHs)6Cl8, 3HgCl2+H20 Very si sol
in cold H20 (Jorgensen )

Co(NE3)eCl3j 2HgCl2+MH'0 Sol in hot
H20. from which it crystallizes on cooling
Insol HI cold cone HCl+Aq, and is pptd
from H20 solution by HC1 or alcohol (Car-
stanjen )

Does not exist (Jorgensen )

+3E20 More easily sol in cold H2O and
other solvents than the preceding comp
(Carstanjen, Berlin, 1861 )

Does not exist (Jorgensen )

- stannous chloride, 2Co(NH3)6Cl3,
3SnCl2+10H20

+8H20

- chloraurate, Co(NH3)6Cl3, AuOU
Very si sol m cold, more easily in hot H20

containing HC1 (Gibbs and Genth, Sill Am
J (2) 23 330 )

- chlonodate, [Co(NH3)6Cl2]2I4On+H2O

- chlonndite, Co(NH3)6, IrCl6

Insol m boiling H20 or dil HCl+Aq

(Gibbs )

- chlorindate, 2Co(NH3)6Cl3, 3IrCl4
Insol mH20 (Gibbs)

— chlorochromate, Co(NH3)0Cr04Cl+

3H2O

Sol m HoO (Klobb, Bull Soc 1901, (3)
25 1027)

- chlorofluonde, Co(NH3)«Cl2F
(Bohm, Z anorg 1905, 43 339 )

- chloropalladite, 2Co(NH3)0Cl3, 3PdCl2
Fasily sol m dil HCl+Aq (Gibbs, Sill

Am J (2) 37 58 )

- chloroperchlorate, Co(NH3)0Cl(ClO4)2
(Millostvich, Gazz ch it 1901, 31 (2)

285)

- chloropermanganate,
Co(NH3)cCl,(Mn04)

Can bo rocrystalhzed from H2O (Klobb,
C R 103 3S4)

- chloropermanganate ammonium chlor-
ide, Co(NH3)6Cl2(Mn04), NH4C1

Easily sol m H20 (Klobb )

Luteocobaltic chloropermanganate potassium

chloride, Co(NH5)6Cl2(Mn04), KC1
Very easily sol in H20, with decomp into
constituents, sol in KCl+Aq (Klobb )

chloropermanganate sodium chloride,

Co(NH8)6Cl2(Mn04), NaCl
Very sol in H2O (Klobb )

chloroplatinate, 2Co(NH8)6Cls, 3PtCl4+

6H20

Can be recrystallized from much hot H2O
(Gibbs and Genth )

+21H20 (Gibbs and Genth )

Co(NH3)6ClS) PtCl4+J£B20 Very si sol
in cold, decomp by hot H2O into —

2Co(NH3)6Cl3, PtCl4+2H20 By re.
tallizmg from hot H20 containing Hf"
salt is converted into the above salt
gensen )

.8

(Jor-

• chlororliodite

Nearly insol ui boihng H2O or dil acids
Sol in cone HCl+Aq (Gibbs, Sill Am J
(2) 37 57 )

chlororuthenate, 2Co(NH3)6Cl3, 3RuCl4

Sol m dil acids (Gibbs )

chloroselenate, Co(NH8)6ClSe04+3H2O

Decomp by H20 (Klobb, BuU Soc
1901, (3) 25 1029 )

chlorosulphate, Co(NH8)6Cl(SO4)

Sol in H20
+3H 0 Only si sol m cold H20 (Klobb,
Bull Soc 1901, (3) 25 1025 )

- ammonium chlorosulphate,

[Co(NH3)6]4OUS04)6, 3(NH4)2SO4 +

OHO
Decomp by H20
1901, (3) 25 1027 )

(Klobb, BuU Soc

chlorosulphate chloroplatinate,

2Co(NH3)6CirS04), PtCl4
Veiy si sol m cold pure H 0 Can be re-
crystallized out of HoO containing HC1
(Krok )

chlorosulphate mercuric chloride,

Co(NH3)6QOS04), HgCl,
Scarcely sol m pure H/), but can be crys
talh/ed from warm acidified H2O (Krok )

chlorosulphite, Co(NH3)6(SO3)Cl+

311,0

Sol in H20 (Vortmann and Magdeburg,
B 22 2637)

chromate, [Co(NH8)6]2(Cr04)3+5H20

Ppt Sol m hot H O

[Co(NH3)6]2(Cr20)3+5H2O Moderately
sol in hot H20

462

LUTEOCOBALTIC CHROMICYANIDE

Luteocobaltic chromicyamde,

Co(NH3)6Cr(CN)6
Ppt (Braun )

cobalticyamde, Co(NH8)6Co(CN)6

Ppt

• dittuonate, basic,

4[Co(NH8)e(S206) (OH)], Co2(S206)20
Sol in H20 and dil alcohol

— femcyamde, Co(NH8)6Fe(CN)6+

MH20
Insol in H2O (Braun )

fluonde, Co(NH3)6F3

SI sol in cold H20 Nearly uisol ni acids
(Bohm, Z anorg 1905, 4=3 340 )

hydrogen fluonde, Co(NH8)6H3F6

SI sol in H2O Decomp by hot H20
(Miolati and Rossi, Real Ac Line 1896,
(5) 5 II, 185 )

hydrogen boron fluonde,

Co(NH8)6F3, 3BFS, HF
Cryst from H2O acidified with HF Mio-
lati and Rossi )

molybdenyl fluonde,

Co(NH3)6F8, 2 Mo02F2
Cryst from H20 containing HF (Miolati
and Rossi )

silicon fluonde,

Co(NH8)6F8, 2SiF4 (Miolati and
Rossi)

titanium hydrogen fluonde,

2Co(NH3)6F8, 3TiF4, 2HF (Miolati
and Rossi )

• tungstyl fluonde,

Co(NH3)6F3, 2W02F2 (Miolati and

- uranyl fluonde
Co(NH3)6F8, U02F2

Can be cryst from H2O containing HF
(Miolati and Rossi )

- vanadyl fluonde,

VCUIO.U.^1 J.XUV/JLJ.U-C,

2Co(NH3)6F3, 5V02F, 7HF
Ppfc (Miolati and Rossi )

— fluonde nitrate,
Co(NH3)6F(N03)2
(Bohm, Z anorg 1905, 43 336 )

hydroxide, Co(NH3)6(OH)3

Known only in aqueous solution

oride,

Luteocobaltic mercuric hydroxychlo]

CoN6Hi4(HgCl)3(HgOH)Cl8
Ppt Easily decomp (Vortmann and
Morguhs, B 22 2644 )

CoN6Hi4(HgOH)4Cl3 Ppt
CoNeHi6(HgOH)2Cls Ppt

(V and M )
(V and M )

iodide, Co(NH3)6I8

Insol in cold, but moderately sol in hot
H20

According to Jorgensen, contains HNOS and
has the formula Co2(NH3)i2I4(NO8)2

• lodosulphate, Co(NH3)6I(S04)

Can be recrystalhzed from hot H<>0 SI
sol m warm, nearly msol in cold H20
(Krok, B 4 711 )

mercunodide, Co2Ni2H88(HgI)3l6

Ppt (Vortmann and Borsbach )
CoN6Hlfl(HgI)2Is Ppt (V andB)

mercunodide, basic,

CoN6Hi6(HgOH)2I2(OH)
Insol in H20 SI sol in H20
mann and Borsbach, B 23 2804 )

(Vort-

• nitrate, Co(NH8)6(N08)8

Sol m H20 Can be recrystalhsed from
boihng H2O Sol m about 60 pts H20
Insol in cone HN03+Aq (Jorgensen, J
pr (2), 35 417 )

Almost msol in acids (Rogojski, A ch
(3), 41 454 )

Insol in NH4OH, HC1, and HNO3-f-Aq,
decomp by H2SO4+Aq (Gibbs and Genth )

Co(NH3)6(NO3)3, HN03 Decomp by
H2Oordil alcohol (Jorgensen, J pr (2), 44
63)

nitrate chloroplatinate,

Co(NH3)o(N08)Cl2, PtCl4+H20
Not decomp by H20 (Jorgensen )

mtratosulphate, Co(NH3)6(N03) (S04)

Sol in H20 (Jorgensen )

nitrite cobaltic mtnte,

Co2(NH3)I2(N02)6, Co2(N02)6 -

Co(NH3)6(N02)6Co
Nearly msol m H2O ( Jorgensen )
Much less sol m H2O than the conespond-
mg roseo salt (Gibbs )

diamine cobaltic nitrite,

Co(NH3)6[Co(NH3)2(N02)4]J

Ppt (Gibbs )

= Co(JSTH8)6[(N02)2(NH3)2Co(N02)2]3
Nearly msol in cold, si sol m boiling H2O
(Jorgensen, Z anorg 5 179 )

oxalate, [Co(NH8)6]2(C204)8+4H20

Insol m hot or cold H20 Easily sol in
H2C204+Aq

LUTEOCOBALTIC SULPHATE BROMAUftATE

463

Luteocobaltic oxalate chloraurate,

2Co(NH8)6(C2O4)Cl, AuCl8+4H20
Easily sol in hot H20 (Gibbs)

- perchlorate,

(Millosevich, Gazz ch it 1901, 31, (2)
285)

- permanganate, [Co(NH8)6]2(Mn04)8
Nearly insol in H2O 100 pts H20 at 0°

dissolve only 0072 pt salt Moderately
sol in hot H2O (Klobb, A ch, (6) 12 5 )

- persulphate sulphate,

[Co(NH8)6]2S208(S04)2
Much less sol in H20 than the sulphate
Sol in 641 pts H20 at 18 8° and in 632
pts at 20° Not easily sol even in boiling
H20 (Jorgensen, Z anorg 1898, 17 459)

- ortfophosphate, Co(NH8)6(P04) +
4H2O

SI sol incoldH20 Easily sol indil acids
(Jorgensen )
[Co(NHs

Ppt (Braun )

[Co(NE,)d,(PO4H),+4HaO Ppt Easily
sol in very chl HCl+Aq (Jorgensen )

- raetaphosphate
Ppt

- p2/rophosphate, [Co(NH3)6]2P4O18+
6H20

(Gibbs, Am Acad Proc 11 29), or
Co2(NH3)i2P4013(ONa)2 (Vortmann, B 11
2181), or Co(NH8)6(P207Na)+ll^H2O
(Jorgensen, J pr (2) 35 438 )

Very nearly insol in H20 With H2O at
80° it is decomp into —

[Co(NH3)c]4fP20 )3-{-20H20 Less easily
sol than the preceding salt

- p2/?0phosphate, acid, Co(NH3)o(P2O7H)
Wholly insol in H20 Somewhat sol in

dd HC2H302+Aq Easily sol in HCl+Aq
(Jorgensen )

• sodium p?/rophosphate,

Ppt Not wholly insol m cold H20
Decomp byhotH20 Less sol mNH4OH-f
Aq than in H20 (Jorgensen )

[Co(NH3)6]4(P207)3, 2Co(NH3)«(NaP207)
4-39 H20 As above (Jorgensen )

selenate, [Co(NH6)]2(Se04)3+5H20

Very sol m H20 (Klobb, Bull Soc
1901, (3) 25 1028 )

hydrogen selenate,

[Co(NH3)8]H(Se04)2+2^H20

Not decomp by H20 (Klobb)

Luteocobaltic ammonium selenate,

[Co(NHs)6]2(Se04)8, (NH4)2Se04+

4H2O

Very sol ni H20

[Co(NH6]2(Se04)8, (NH4)2SeO4+8H20
Very sol inH20 (Klobb)

— sulphocyamde, Co(NH5)6(SCN)8

Decomp by hot H20 (Miolati, Z anorg
1900, 23 241 )

mercuric sulphocyamde,

Co(NH8)6(SCN)8, 2Hg(SCN)2
Decomp by H20
Cryst fromdil NH4SCN+Aq (Miolati )

— platinum sulphocyamde,

[Pt(SCN)4]8[Co(NH3)6(SCN8)]2
Decomp by hot H20 (Miolati )

silver sulphocyamde,

Co(NH8)6(SCN)8, 2AgSCN
Decomp by hot H20 (Miolati )

- sulphate, [Co(NH8)6] (SO4)3-f 5H20
SI sol in cold, more easily in hot HoO
+6H20 (Krok, B 4 711 )

- hydrogen sulphate,
Co(NH3)6H(S04)2

Decomp by alcohol to sulphate
gensen, Z anorg 1898, 17 458 )

4[(Co6NH3)2(S04)8], 5H2SO4+10H20
Very sol in H20 with decomp into the normal
sulphate

When pulverized it seems to dissociate
slowly m contact with abs alcohol (Klobb,
Bull Soc 1901, (3) 25 1025 )

(Jor-

— ' — arnmormim sulphate,

[Co6(NH3)6l2(S04)3, (NH4)2S04+8H20
Sol m H20 with decomp (Klobb )

- cerium sulphate, [Co(NH3)6]2(SO4)3,
Ce2(S04)3+l>iH O

Very si sol m cold, and practically insol
in boiling H20 Sol in acids (Gibbs, Am
Ch J 15 560)

[Co(NH3)6] (S04)3, 3Cc(S04)2-hH2O As
above (Wing, Sill Am J (2) 49 363 )

- lanthanum sulphate, [Co(NH3)6]2(S04)s,
La,(S04)»+H,0

SI sol mH/) (Wing)

thalhc sulphate,
ai20(S04)2+5H20
Decomp by cold H20

[Co(NH3)fl]2(SO4)3,
(Gibbs )

- sulphate bromaurate,

Co(NH3)6(S04)(AuBr4)
Very si sol in H20 with apparent decomp
Insol in alcohol (Jorgensen )

464

LUTEOCOBALTIC SULPHATE CHLORAURATE

Luteocobaltic sulphate chloraurate.

Co(NH3)6(S04)AuCl4
SI sol in H20 ( Jorgensen )

cobaltic sulphite. [Co(NH8)6]2(S03)8,

Co2(S08)3+H20 « dichrocobatoc sul-
phite, [Co(NH3)8]2(S08)8+2H20, which
see

[Co(NH8)6]2(S08)8, 2Co2(SO8)3+15H20 -
diamine cobaltic sulphite, [Co(NH8)2]2(SO8)
-j-SH/), which see

Luteorhodmm bromide, Rh(NHs)6Br8

Less sol in H20 than the chloride (Jor-
gensen, J pr (2) 44 51 )

chloride, Rh(NH8)6Cls

Sol in 7 to 8 pts H20 at 8° (J )
+H2O Extremely efflorescent (J)

rhodium chloride, Rh(NH8)6Cl8, RhCl8

Sol m H20 (Jorgensen, Z anorg 6
174)

— chloroplatinate, 2Rh(NH3)6Cl8, 3PtCl4+

6H20

Insol in H2O Sol in warm HC1 + Aq ( J )
Rh(NHs)6Cl8, PtCl4+^H20 Decomp

by H20 into chloride and above salt ( J )

nitrate, Rh(NH3)6(NO3)3

Sol in 48 to 49 pts H20 at ord temp
HNOs+Aq diluted with 5 vols H20 ppts
the salt completely from aqueous solution
(Jorgensen, J pr (2) 44 51 )

Rh(NH3)6(N08)3, HN08 Decomp by
H20 or dil alcohol (Jorgensen, J pr (2),
44 63)

ortfophosphate, Rh(NH3)6P04+4H2O

SI sol in cold H20 ( J )

sodium ps/rophosphate,

[Rh(NH3)6]2(P207)3Na24-23H20

Nearly wholly insol in H20 Wholly insol
in NH4OH+Aq (J )

sulphate, [Rh(NH3)6]2(S04)8+5H20

Sol in 43 pts H20 at 20° (J )

Magnesium, Mg

Does not decomp H20 at ord temp , but
decomp slowly at 100° H2O containing
acids dissolves Mg easily Sol m cold dil
HC2H802+Aq Difficultly sol in cold
H2S04+Aq (Bunsen ) Cold nitrosulphuric
acid does not attack (Bunsen ) Cold
NH4OH+Aq, KOH+Aq, or NaOH+Aq do
not attack (Maak, Pmppson ) Sol in NH4C1
or (NH4)2C08+Aq (Wohler )

Very rapidly sol in K2S208+Aq and
(NH4)2S208+Aq with violent evolution of
gas (Levi, Gazz ch it 1908, 38 (1), 583 )

Attacked by aqueous solution of KC1.
NH4C1, NaCl, LiCl, CuCl2, CdCl2, CoCl2
PbCl2, HgCl2, FeCl3, CrCl8, PtCl4 AuCl8
CuS04, ZnS04, FeS04 and MnS04

SI attacked by hot 30% CaCl2-f-Aq, not
by 30% MgCl2+Aq, BaCl2+Aq and SrCl2-f
Aq (Tommasi, Bull Soc 1899, (3), 21 886 )

Not attacked by NH4F+Aq, very slowly
by solutions of BaCl2, CaCl2, KC1, K8Fe(CN)6,
NaNOs, Na2S2O3 and Na2HP04 Solutions
of NaC2H302, Na2B40 , alum and chrome
alum attack vigorously Solutions of
(NH4)2C03A NH4C1, (NH4)2C2Q4, (NH4)2S
and Na2C03 attack even more vigorously
(Mouraour, C R 1900, 130 140 )

Insol in liquid NH8 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 828 )

Insol in liquid HF (Franklin, Z anorg
1905, 46 2 )

Somewhat sol in liquid NH8> if a clean
metallic surface is in contact with the pure
solvent (Kraus, J Am Chem Soc, 1907,
29 1561)

J^ccm oleic acid dissolves 00104 g
Mg in 6 days (Gates, J phys Chem 1911,
15 143)

Magnesium arsenide, Mg8As2

Decomp on an* (Parkinson. Chem Soc
5 127)

Magnesium azoimide, Mg(N8)2

Decomp by hot H20 (Curtius, J pr
1898, (2) 58 292 )

Magnesium bonde, Mg9B2
Sol m HCl+Aq (Wmkler, B 23 774 )

Magnesium bromide, MgBr2

Deliquescent Very sol in H2O with evolu-
tion of heat

Sat MgBr2+Aq contains at
—18° +17° 48° 62° 97°

52 58 60 9 62 5 65 8% MgBr2
(Etard, A ch 1894, (7), 2 541 )

See also MgBr2+6H20

Sp gr of MgBr2 + Aq at 19 5° containing
5 10 15 20 25 %MgBr2,

1 043 1 087 1 137 1 191 1 247

30 35 40 45 50 % MgBr2

1 31 1 377 1 451 1 535 1 625
(Kremers, Pogg 108 118, calculated by
Gerlach, Z anal 8 285 )

MgBr2-f-Aq is si decomp by evaporation

MAGNESIUM BROMIDE

465

Solubility of MgBr2 in alcohols

MgBr2 forms with methyl alcohol a com-
plex, MgBr2, 6CH8OH

Solubility of MgBr2, 6CH8OH in CH8OH at t°

Solubility of MgBra, 6(iso)C4H9OH in
C4H9OHatt°

t°

% by weight
of MgBr2
6isoC4H8OH

t

% by weight
6isoC4H90H

0
10
20
30
40
50

55 8
60 5
65 2
69 8
74 3
78 5

60
65
71

75
77
80 mpt

82 4
84 2
88 0
92 0
94 6
100

t°

% by weight
of MgBr2
6CH3OH

t°

% by weight
of MgBra
6CHaOH

0
20
40
60
80
100
110
120

42 6
44 6
46 7
48 9
51 4
55 5
58 0
60 7

130
140
150
160
170
180
185
190 mpt

63 6
66 8
70 2

74 0
78 5
84 5
88 0
100

(Menschutkin )

MgBr2 forms with isoamylalcohol a com-
plex, MgBr2, 6(iso)C6HnOH

Solubility of MgBr2, 6(iso)C6HnOH in
CfiHnOH at t°

(Menschutkin, Z anorg 1907, 62 11 )

MgBr2 forms with ethyl alcohol a complex.
MgBr2, 6C2H6OH

Solubility of MgBr2, 6C2H6OH in C2H6OH

att°

t°

% by weight
of MgBr2
GisoCsHnHO

t°

% by weight
of MgBm
eisoCeHnOH

0
10
20
30
35

70 2
75 6
80 2
84 5
86 7

38
40
42
44
46 mpt

88 7

90 0
92 0
94 2
100

(Menschutkin )
Solubility in ether at t°

t°

% by weight
of MgBr2
6C2H6OH

t°

% by weight
of MgBtz
GCaHsOH

t°

% MgBr2

% MgBra 2C4H10Q

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
75

17 2
24 9
32 7
40 3
47 8
55 1
62 2
68 8
71 4

80
85
90
95
100
103
106
108 5 mpt

73 8

76 2

78 7
82 3
86 7
90 0
94 4
100

Q

0
-KO
14
16
18
20
22 mpt

0 6
0 8
1 27
1 64
1 93
2 3
2 7
3 22

1 08
1 44
2 3
2 95
3 48
4 14
4 86
5 80

(Menschutkin, Z anorg 1906, 49, 36 )

MgBr2 forms with propyl alcohol a com-
plex, MgBr2, 6C8H7OH

Solubility of MgBr2, 6C3H7OH in C8H7OH
at t°

Solubility of MgBr2, 2C4HioO in ether at t°
"Lower solution "-the melted MgBr2,
4HioO which does not mix with the ether

above

t°

0
10
20
30
40

% by weight
of MgBra
6C3H7OH

t°

% by weight
of MfeBra
6C3H7OH

77 9
81 5
85 1
89 5
92 0

43

46
48
50
52 mpt

93 0
94 3
95 8
97 8
100

(Menschutkin )

MgBr2 forms with isobutylalcohol a com-
plex, MgBr2, 6(iso)C4HflOH

Composition of

Composition of the

t°

lower solution

upper layer

% MgBr;

lc»

% MgBr,

1c»

—10

42 0

75 7

1 8

3 2

0

41 0

73 9

2 3

4 1

4-10

40 1

72 2

2 8

5 0

20

39 3

70 8

3 3

5 9

30

38 7

69 8

3 8

6 8

40

38 2

68 8

4 3

7 7

50

37 8

68 0

4 7

8 5

60

37 6

67 7

5 1

9 2

70

37 6

67 7

5 4

9 7

80

37 8

68 0

5 6

10 0

90

38 1

68 6

5 7

10 2

(Menschutkin )

466

MAGNESIUM BROMIDE

Solubility of MgBr2 in formic acid
Mg?r2 forms with formic acid a complex.
MgBr2, 6HCOOH

Solubility of MgBr2, 6HCOOH in HCOOH

attr

Solubility of MgBr2 in acetone
MgBr2 forms with acetone a complex,
MgBr2, 3CH3COCH3

Solubihty of MgBr2,3CH3COCH3 in
CHsCOCHg at t°

t°

% by wt MgBr2 6HCOOH

t°

% by wt MgBra

QOTT rVM^TT
OL/Xl3OUOJtl3

0
20
40
60
70
80
86
88mpt

49 8
57 5
65 1
73 1
78 1
86 0
95 0
100

0
30
60
70
72
73
74
75
76
80
84
88
92 mpt

0 2
0 8
1 45
2 0
3 7
5 5
14 0
50 0
71 6
83 3
89 8
95 2
100

(Menschutkin, Z anorg 1907, 54 90 )

Solubility of MgBr2 in acetic acid
MgBr2 forms with acetic acid a complex.
MgBr2, 6CH8COOH

Solubility of MgBrs, 6CH3COOH in
CHsCOOH at t°

(Menschutkin, Z anorg 1907, 63 30 )

Solubihty of MgBr2 in acetamide
MgBr2 forms with acetamde a complex,
MgBr2, 6CHSCONH2

Solubihty of MgBr^ 6CH3CONH2 in
CH3CONH2 at t°

t°

% by wt MgBra
eCHsCOOH

17
30
50
60
70
80
85
90
100
105
110
112 mpt

0 3
1 5

4 5
7 9
16 2
38 5
49 5
57 7
71 8
80 0
89 5
100 0

t°

%6bJHTcO^HBr2

50 5
70
90
110
130
150
160
165
169 mpt

56 0
57 8
60 5
65 0
71 5
80 0
85 5
90 0
100 0

(Menschutkin )

Solubihty of MgBr2 in acetic anhydride
MgBr2 forms with acetic anhydride a com-
plex, MgBr2, 6(CH3CO)20

Solubility of MgBr2, 6(CH3CO)2O m
(CH3CO)26 at t°

(Menschutkm, Z anorg 1909, 61 106 )

Solubility of MgBr2 in acetamhde
MgBr2 forms with acetamhde a complex,
MgBr2, 6CH3CONHC6H6

Solubility of MgBr2, 6CH3CONHC6He m
CH3CONHC6H6 at t°

t°

% bv wt MfeBr2
6(OH3CO)/)

t°

i \ i i

0
30
60
90
120
130
135
136-137 mpt

26 4
30 0
37 7
44 5
57 8
69 8
85 0
100

107 5
140
170
185
195
200
205
209 mpt

9 0
19 3
29 6
39 0
49 0
59 5
73 2
100 0

(Menschutkm, Z anorg 1909, 61 112 )

(Menschutkm, Z anorg 1909, 61

109)

MAGNESIUM BROMIDE

467

Solubility of MgBr2 in aniline

MgBr2 forms with aniline three complexes,
MgBr2, 6C6HSNH2, MgBr2, 4C6H6NH2,
MgBr2,

Solubility of these complexes in aniline

Solubility of MgBr2 in methylal
MgBr2 forms with methylal a complex,
MgBr2, 2CH2(OCH8)2

Solubihty of MgBr2, 2CH2(OCH3)2 in
CH2(OCH8)2 at t°

Solubihty of MgBr2, 6C6HfiNH2 in C6H8NH2

t°

% by wt MgBr2
2CH2(OCH3)2

t°

% by weight of MgBra
6C6H6NH2

20
40
60
80
100
106
106
108
110
112 mpt

0
0
0
0
0

1

86
90
95
100

3

45
6
75
9
1
2
8
4

10
30
50
70
90
100
103 5

3 2
3 9
5 1
7 5
12 8
18 5
27 5

Solubihty of MgBr2, 4CeH6NH2 in CeHsNHj

(Menschutkm, Z anorg 1907, 63 32 )

Solubihty of MgBr2 in dimethylcarbinol
MgBr2 forms with dimethylcarbinol a
complex, MgBr2, 4(CHS)2CHOH

Solubihty of MgBr2, 4(CH3)2CHOH in
(CH3)2CHOH at t°

t°

% by weight of MgBrs
4C6HfiNH2

103
120
140
160
180
200
220
230
237

24 0
24 3
24 9
26 0
28 3
33 5
45 0
55 0
76 3

t°

%A^
4(CHs)2CHOH

t°

% by weight
of MgBra
4(CHs)2CHOH

0
20
40
60
80
100

40 0
42 2
45 0
48 5
53 3
59 0

110
120
130
136
138
139 mpt

62 5
67 3
74 0
83 6
90 00
100

Solubihty of MgBr2, 2C6H5NH2 in C6H6 NH2

t

% by weight of MgBra
2CflH6NH2

237
250
260
270

76 3

77 3
78 1
79 0

(Menschutkm )

Solubihty of MgBr2 in trimethylcarbmol
MgBr2 forms with trimethylcarbmol a
complex, MgBr2, 4(CH3)3COH

(Menschutkm, Z anorg 1907, 62 159 )

Solubility of MgBr2 in benzaldehyde
MgBr2 forms with benzaldehyde a com-

Solubility of MgBr2, 4(CH3)3COH in
(CH3)3COH at t°

plex, MgJfcJr2, dUoilsUJbiU

Solubility of MgBr2, 3C6H6CHO in
C6H6CHO at t°

t°

% by wt MgBr2
4C6H5CHO

t

% by wt MfcBrj

0
30
60
80
100
120
130

0 7
1 3
1 9
2 5
3 4
6 0
9 5

140
145
146
148
153
159 mpt

17 8
37 5
65 0
84 5
93 2
100

(Menschutkm, Z anorg 1907, 63 26 )

t

% by weight
of MgBr;

t°

% b> weight
of MgBr2

4(CH3hCOH

4(CH3)3COH

24 4

0 06

65

50 5

25

1 0

70

62 5

35

9 5

75

77 0

45

19 1

77 5

85 0

55

32 2

79

91 5

60

40 5

80 mpt

100

Menschutkm )

Solubility of MgBr2 in phenylhydrazme
MgBr2 forms with CeHsNHNHa a complex,
MgBr2, 6C6H5NHNH2

468

MAGNESIUM MANGANOUS BROMIDE

Solubility of MgBr2, eCeHsNHNHa in
CeHcNHNHa at t°

MgBr2, 6NH2COOC2H6 decomposes
90 5-91° forming MgBr2, 4NH2COOC2H6

Solubility of MgBr2. 4NH2COOC2H6 in
NH2C0062H8 at t°

t°

% by wt of MgBr2
eCeHsNHNHa

20
40
60
80
99
100
140
180
200

3 0

7 0
16 4
33 0
54 8
54 8
60 8
68 4
73 4

t

% by wt MgBra
4NH2COOC2Hfi

91
100
110
115
120
123 mpt

69 4
73 8
80 0
84 1
90 0
100 0

(Menschutkin, Z anorg 1907, 52 162 )

Solubility of MgBr2 in urea
MgBr2 forms with urea a complex, MgBr2,
6CO(NH2)2

Solubility of MgBr2, 6CO(NH2)2 in urea at t°

(Menschutkin )
+6H20

Solubility of MgBr2+6H20 in H20 at t°

t°

% by weight
of Mg.Br24-
6H8O

t°

% by weigh
of MgBra +
6H20

t°

% by wt MgBr2
6CO(NH2)2

0
20
40
60
80
100

76 0
78 1
80 2
82 3
84 4
86 6

120
140
150
160
164 mpt

89 0
92 0
94 9
98 0
100

108 5
115
120
125
127
130

24 2
29 8
35 0
41 6
45 5
60 0

(Menschutkin, Z anorg 1907, 52 153 )

(Menschutkin, Z anorg 1909, 61 116 )

MgBr2j 6CO(NH2)2 decomposes at 130°
giving MgBr2, 4CO(NH2)2

Solubility of MgBr2, 4CO(NH2)2 in urea at t°

t°

% by wt MgBr2
4CO(NH2)2

130
145
160
165
170
171

58 0
60 7
67 2
71 4
83 7
96 0

(Menschutkin, Z anorg 1909, 61 116 )

Solubihty of MgBr2 m urethane
MgBr2 forms with urethane a complex.
MgBr2, 6NH2COOC2H6

Solubility of MgBr2, 6NH2COOC2H
NH2COOC2H6 at t°

6 m

t°

%bywt Mg
6NH2COOCaI

Br2
is

35
50
70
80
85
90
*91 5

43 3
45 6
51 3
56 2
59 8
66 5
75 5

* Mpt of MgBr2, 6NH2COOC2H6
(Menschutkin, Z anorg 1909, 61

113)

Sp gr of solution sat at 18° = 1 655, an
contains 50 8% MgBr2 (Mylius and Funl
B 1897,30 1718)

SI sol in liquid NH8 (Franklin, Am Cl
J 1898, 20 828 )

Sol in alcohol Sol in acetone (Nau
mann, B 1904, 37 4328, Eidmann, C C
1899,11 1014)

Difficultly sol m methyl acetate (Nau
mann, B 1909, 42 3790 )

Insol m ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1910,43 314)

+10H20 Sol m H20 (Panfiloff, Chom
Soc 26 234)

Magnesium manganous bromide, MgBr2,

2MnBr2+12H2O

Deliquescent (Saunders, Am Ch J 14
150)

Magnesium mercuric brbmide, MgBr2, HgBr

Deliquescent

MgBr2, 2HgBr2 Not deliquescent

Magnesium molybdenyl bromide, MgBr2

MoOBr3+7H20

(Wemland and Knoll, Z anorg 1905, 44
112)

rtassium bromide, MgBr2

Magnesium pota
2KBr+6H20

Easily sol m H2O, from which KBr crys
tallises at 75 to 87° Alcohol dissolves oul
MgBr2 (Lowig, Repert 29 261 )

MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE

469

Formula is MgBr2, KBr+6H20 De-
liquescent (Lerch, J pr (2) 28 338 )

Magnesium, stannic bromide
See Bromostannate, magnesium

Magnesium chloride, Mg012
Deliquescent Very sol in H20 with
evolution of heat The solution decomposes
on evaporation losing HC1, when less than 6
mols H20 are present to 1 mol MgCl2
(Casaseca, C R 37 350 )
Anhydrous Sol in 1 857 pts H20 at 15°
(Gerlach )

Sol in 1 pt cold EkO (Fourcroy )
Sat MgCla+Aq at 125° contains 648% MgOla
(Hassenfratz )
100 pts HaO at 15 5° dissolve 200 pts MgCla (Ure s
Diet)

100 pts H20 dissolve 52 2 pts MgCl2 at 0°
and sp gr of sat solution = 1 3619 at 15°
(Engel, Bull Soc (2) 47 318 )
1000 mols H2O dissolve 108 mols MgCl2
at 25°C (Ldwenherz, Z phys Ch 1894, 13
479)

Sp gr of MgCl24-Aq at 15°

$

Sp gr

^

Sp gr

1

£

Sp gr

1
2
3

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

1 0084
1 0169
1 0253
1 0338
1 0422
1 0510
1 0597
1 0684
1 0772
1 0859
1 0949
1 1040

13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

1 1130
1 1220
1 1311
1 1404
1 1498
1 1592
1 1686
1 1780
1 1879
1 1977
1 2076
1 2175

25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35

1 2274
1 2378
1 2482
1 2586
1 2690
1 2794
1 2903
1 3012
1 3121
1 3230
1 3340

(Gerlach, Z anal 8 281 )

100 mols MgCl2+Aq contain at t°
t° 675 685 687 795 7995
Mol MgCl2 1158 1192 1171 1228 1239

t° 11667 1526 181-2 186
Mol MgCl2 16 2 18 24 23 8 24 1-24 4
(Vant Hoff and Meyerhoffer, BAB 1897,

73)

Solubility of MgCl2 in H20 at t°

f S & M

g Sp gr

1

Sp gr

<g Sp gr

5 1 0416
10 1 0859

20
30

1 1764
1 2779

34 1 3210

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

Sp gr of MgCl2-f-Aq at 0° S=pts salt in
100 pts of solution, Si = mols salt in 100
mols solution

t°

Mgfch

Solid phase

—10
—20
—30
—33 6
—20

11 4
16
19 4
20 6
26 7
30 5
31 6

34 3

34 6
34 9
35 3
35 6
36 5
37 9
39 8
42 2
46 1

49 1
55 8

56 1

Ice

Cl

ft

Ice+MgCl2, 12H2O

MgCl2, 12H20 +
MgCl2, 8H20
MgCl2, 8H20+MgCl2,
6H2O
MgCl2, 6H20

MgCl2, 6H20+ MgCl2,
4H2O
MgCk 4H2O
MgCl2,4H20-fMgCl2,
2H20
MgCl2, 2H2O

—16 4
—16 8

— 34

0
10
20
22
40
60
80
100
116 7

152 6
181 5

186

S

S,

Sp gr

29 2056
20 9293
15 7989
11 3249
6 2008

7
4
3
2
1

230
762
423
355
233

1 2788
1 1927
1 1427
1 1007
1 0545

(Charpy, A ch (6) 29 23 )
Sp gr of MgCl2+Aq at 19 5°

Pts MgCl2
in 100 pts Sp gr
H20

Pts MgOh
in 100 pts &p gr

10 7 1 0826
22 0 1 1592

35 3 1 2388
51 5 1 3235

(Landolt-Bornstein, Tab 5th Ed 1912 480 )
See ako MgCl2+6H20

(Kremers,

Pogg 104 155 )

470

MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE

Sp gr of MgCl2H-Aq at 14°

Sp

gr ofMgC!2+Aq

1

Sp gr

Sp gr

5?

Sp gr

14 MgCla g m 1000 g
of solution

Sp

gr 16°/16°

0
0 4400
0 8801
1 7780
3 4533
7 4691
14 7187
29 6307

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

000000
000372
000741
001458
002888
006219
012235
024647

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

0 9993
1 0033
1 0073
1 0113
1 0154
1 0194
1 0234
1 0274
1 0314
1 0355
1 0395
1 0435
1 0476
1 0517
1 0558
1 0599
1 0641

17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33

1 0682
1 0724
1 0765
1 0807
1 0849
1 0891
1 0933
1 0976
1 1018
1 1061
1 1103
1 1146
1 1189
1 1232
1 1275
1 1319
1 1363

34
35
36
37
,38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48

1 1407
1 1451
1 1495
1 1540
1 1584
1 1628
1 1673
1 1718
1 1763
1 1809
1 1855
1 1901
1 1948
1 1995
1 2042

(Dijken, Z phys Ch 1897, 24 108 )

Sp gr of MgCl2 at 20 1°
p=per cent strength of solution, d=o
served duesity, w= volume cone in grar

per cc ( JOQ— w )

p

d

w

28 83
25 59
20 31
15 79
10 185
8 058
5 919
3 913
3 903
1 743

1 2569
1 2241
1 1735
1 1324
1 0833
1 0650
1 0473
1 0304
1 0240
1 0126

0 36237
0 31327
0 23842
0 17877
0 11033
0 08583
0 06198
0 04022
0 03210
0 01765

(Oudemans, Z anal 7 420 )
Sp gr of MgCl2+Aq at 24°

JS

Sp gr

0+

Sp gr

||

Sp gr

(Barnes, J Phys Chem 1898, 2
Sp gr of MgCl2+Aq at t°

546)

2

4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28

1 0069
1 0138
1 0207
1 0276
1 0345
1 0415
1 0485
1 0556
1 0627
1 0698
1 0770
1 0842
1 0915
1 0988

30
32

34
36
38
40
42
44
46
48
50
52
54
56

1 1062
1 1137
1 1212
1 1288
1 1364
1 1441
1 1519
1 1598
1 1677
1 1756
1 1836
1 1918
1 2000
1 2083

58
60
62
64
66
68
70
72
74
76
78
80

1 2167
1 2252
1 2338
1 2425
1 2513
1 2602
1 2692
1 2783
1 2875
1 2968
1 3063
1 3159

t°

Concentration of M^Cb-f-Aq

Sp &

23

24

1 pt MgCl2 in 8 1874 pts H2O
1 pt " " 102 1 " "

1090
1006

(Hittorf, Z phys Ch 1902, 39 628 )

Sp gr ofMgCl atO°
G MgCl2 in 100 ccm of solution 6 7158 9 95!
Sp gr 1 0591 1 OS

(Gerlach, Z anal 8 283 Calculated from
Schiff )

Sp gr of MgCl +Aq at 25°

Concentration of MnCU+Aq

Sp gr

1-normal
Vr- "

V«- "
Vs- "

1 1375
1 0188
1 0091
1 0043

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 38 )

Sp gr 1 1106 1 16<

(Bremer, C C 1902, I 293 )

Sp gr of MgCla+Aq at 20° containing
g mols MgCl2 per 1

M 000493 0007327 001 00310^
Sp gr 1 000344 1 000524 1 000842 1 0027

M 005108 007171 010 025
Sp gr 1 004224 1 006036 1 008505 1 0209(

M 050 075 09415

Sp gr 1 038496 1 056905 1 069617
(Jones and Pearce, Am XDh J 1907, 38 69C

MAGNESIUM MERCURIC CHLORIDE

471

MgCl2-hAq containing 10% MgCl2 boils at
101 6°, containing 20% MgCl2 boils at 106 2°,
containing 30% MgCl2 boils at 115 6° (Ger-
lach)

Sat MgClg-fAq forms a crust at 1225°,
and contains 52 9 pts MgCl2 to 100 pts H20
(Gerlach, 2? anal 26 426 )

B -pt of MgCl2-f-Aq P=pts MgCla to 100
pts H20

B-pt

P

B-pt

P

B-pt

p

101°

4 9

111°

34 6

121°

50 8

102

9 2

112

36 6

122

52 2

103

13 2

113

38 4

123

53 6

104

16 7

114

40 2

124

55 0

105

19 9

115

41 8

125

56 4

106

22 5

116

43 4

126

57 7

107

25 0

117

44 9

127

59 0

108

27 5

118

46 4

128

60 3

109

29 9

119

47 9

129

tfl 6

110

32 3

120

49 4

130

62 9

(Gerlach, Z anal 26 440 )
B -pt of MgCl2+Aq containing % MgCl2

% MgCla B -pt

4 6
8 4

101°
102

% MgCl2 B -pt

11 6
14 3

103°
104

(Skinner, Chem Soc 61 341 )

Sol in KCl+Aq at 50° (Uhhg, C C
1913,11 749)

Sol in 7 pts alcohol at 15° (Bergmann )

5 moderate heat ( B)

100 pts alcohol of given sp gr dissolve pts MgCU

Sp

Pts MgCl

Sp gr Pts MgCla

Insol in CS2 (Arctowski, Z anorg 1894.
6 257 )

SI sol in benzomtrile (Naumann, B
1914,47 1369)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)

+ 2H20 Very deliquescent (Ditte, A
ch 1881, (5) 22 560 )

+4H2O (van't Hoff and Meyerhoffer )

+6E20 Deliquescent Sol in 06 pt
cold, and 0 273 pt hot H20 (Casaseca, I c )

Solubility in H20 at t°

t°

3 5
25 0
50 0

1000 mols HaO

dissolve mols

MgCla

99 6
104 5
110 6

100 g HaOdis
solve g MgCla

52 65
55 26
58 66

(Biltz and Marcus, Z anorg 1911, 71 169 )

Solubility in KCl+NH4CH-Aq at 25° has
been studied (Biltz and Marcus. Z anorg
1911,71 178)

When the solid phases are MgS04+6H2O
and MgCl2+6H2O, 1000 mols H20 dissolve
104 mols MgCl2 and 14 mols MgSO4 at 25°
(Lowenherz, Z phys Ch 1894, 13 480 )

Solubility of MgCl2-f6H20 m (NH4)MgCl8+
6H20-fAqatt°

3 5
25 0
50 0

Per 1000 mols KUO

Mols NEUC1

0 5
0 5

0 8

Mols MgCla

99 5
103 8
111 2

0 900

0 848

21 25

0 834
0 817

36 25
50 00

(Knvvan )

is sol in 5 pts alrohol of 0 90 sp gr
md in 2 pts alcohol of 0 S17 sp fcr
Sol m 0 1S28 pt stron,, alcohol at 82 5° (Weruel )

B -pt of an alcoholic solution of MgCl2

% MkCl

B-pt

5 56
8 5^
9 62
H 84

7b 43° +0 73°
" +1 34
" +1 77
" -H 54

(Skinner, Chem Soc 61 341 )

Even more sol m acetic ether than CaCl2
(Cann, C R 102 363 )

Sol in boiling amyl alcohol (Riggs, Sill
Am J 144 103)

SI sol in anhydrous pyndme Sol m
97 %, 95 % and 93 % pyridme -f Aq (Kahlen-
berg, J Am Chem Soc 1908,30 1107)

(Biltz and Marcus, Z anorg 1911, 71 170 )

Solubility data of MgCl2+KCl-f MgKCls
are given by van't Hoff and Meyerhoffer
(Z phys Ch 1899, 30 64 )

+8H2O Pptd from an aqueous solution
which contains about 10 mols H2O to 1 mol
MgCl2

+ 12H20 Pptd from an aq solution which
contains 1 mol MgCl2 in about 12 06 mols
of H2O (Bogorodsky, C C 1899, I 246 )

Magnesium manganous chloride, MgCl2,
2MnCl2 + 12H2O

Deliquescent Very sol in H^O and al-
cohol rSaunders, Am Ch J 14 148 )

2MgCl2,MnCl2+12H2O Ppt Deliquesces
in the air (Gossner, C C 1904,1 707)

Magnesium mercuric chloride, MgCl2, HgCl2
+6H20

Very deliquescent More sol than the fol-
lowing salt (v Bonsdorff, Pogg 17 133 )

MgCl2, 3HgCl2+5H20 Sol in H2O with-

472

MAGNESIUM PHOSPHORYL CHLORIDE

out decomp
Bonsdorff )

Easily sol in alcohol (v

Magnesium phosphoryl chloride, MgCl2,

POCls

Deliquescent Sol in H20 with evolution
of heat and decomposition Very si sol in
warm POC13 (Cassehnann, A 98 223 )

Magnesium potassium chloride, MgCl2,
2KC14-6H20

Deliquescent, forming a solution of MgCl2,
while JECdremanisundissolved 100 pts H20
dissolve 64 5 pts at 18 75° 20 pts salt dis-
solved in 80 pts H2O lower the temp 1 75°
(Bischof) Alcohol dissolves out MgCl2 De-
comp into the two salts by solution in
H20 (Marcet )

A sat solution in contact with solid KCl
and KC1, MgCl2, H20 at 50° contains 79 5
mol MgCl2 and 14 9 mol KCl per 1000 mol
H20 A sat solution in contact with solid
MgCl2, 6HaO and KCl, MgCl2, H2O at 50°
contams 111 9 mol MgCU and 1 2 mol KCl
per 1000 mol H20 ( Uhhg, Chem Soc 1913,
104 (2) 775, C B Miner 1913, 417 )

Mm Camalhte

Magnesium rubidium chloride, MgCl2, RbCl

+6H20

Not decomp by a small quantity of H2O
(Feit and Kubierscky, Ch Ztg 16 335 )

Magnesium sodium chloride, MgCl2, NaCl+

2H20
Sol inH2O (Poggiale)

Magnesium thallic chloride, 2T1C1S, MgCl2+

6H20

Hydroscopic Can be cryst from H20
(Gewecke, A 1909, 366 224 )

Magnesium stannic chloride
Se*e Chlorostannate, magnesium

Magnesium vanadium chlonde, MgCl2) VC13

+H20

Difficultly sol in H20 and alcohol (Stab-
ler, B 1904, 37 4412 )

Magnesium zinc chlonde, MgCl2, ZnCl2+

6H20

Dehquescent, sol in H2O (Warner. C N
27 271 )

Magnesium chlonde ammonia, MgCl2, 4NE8
Easily decomp (Clark, A 78 369 )

Magnesium chlonde hydroxylamine, MgCl2,

2NH2OH+2H2O

100 g of solution in H20 contain 444%
at 20° (Antonow, J Russ Phys Chem
BOG 1905, 37 478 )

Magnesium fluoride, MgF2

1 1 H20 dissolves 76 mg MgF2 at 18°
(Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1904, 60 356 )

87 mg are dissolved in 1 1 of sat solution
at 18° (Kohlrausch, 1 phys Ch 1908, 64
168)

Scarcely sol in acids (Gay-Lussac and
Th&iard; Insol in excess of HF When
precipitated, is sol in aqueous solution of
^TryrrynTuyiriQ and magnesium salts Sol in dil
HNOs+Aq, from which it is precipitated by
alcohol

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)

Mm Sellable

Magnesium potassium fluoride, MgF2 KF
Decomp by H2S04 (Duboin, C R 1895,

120 679 )
MgF2, 2KF Decomp by H2S04 (Du-

boin )

Magnesium sodium fluoride, MgF2, NaF
Insol in H20 (Geuther, J B 1865 173 )

Magnesium stannic fluoride
See Fluostannate, magnesium

Magnesium titanium fluoride
See Fluotitanate, magnesium

Magnesium zirconium fluoride
See Fluozirconate, magnesium

Magnesium hydrosulphide, MgS2H2

Known only in aqueous solution, which
decomposes on wanning Solution contain-
ing 16% MgS2H2 has sp gr 1 118 at 12°
(Divers and Shimidzu, Chem Soc 45 699 )

Magnesium hydroxide, MgO2H2

MgO is sol in 55 368 pts HaO at ordinary temp and
also at 100 (Fresemus A 59 117 )

MgO is sol in 5142 pts HaO at 15 5° (Fyfe) in 5800
pts at 15 8 (Henry J Pharm 13 2) in 7900 pts (Kir
wan) m 16 000 pts (Dalton) m 100 000-200 000 pts
cold HkO (Bmeau) m 36 000 pts boiling H2O (Fyfe
Ed Phil J 5 305)

Calculated from electrical conductivity of
MgO2H2-hAq, 1 1 H20 dissolves 9 mg
Mg02H2 at 18° (Kohlrausch and Rose, Z
phys Ch 12 241 )

Calculated from electrical conductivity, 1
1 H20 dissolves 00076 g Mg02H2 at 18°
(DuprS and Brutus, Z angew Ch 1903, 16
55 )

Presence of Ca02H2 or CaS04 does not de-
crease the solubility (Henry ) Presence of
the salts of the alkali metals, especially am-
monium salts, increase the solubility Insol
in cone Na2S04, NaN03, NaCl, or KNO3+
Aq (Karsten ) Sol m NH4OH+Aq, but
msol in KOH4-Aq (Odling )

Easily sol in acids Sol m an aqueous
solution of sugar Boiling alcohol dissolves
traces

MAGNESIUM IODIDE

473

Solubility of Mg02H2 in NH4Cl+Aq
at 29°

Normality of

MgOaH NH4C1

G perl

NH4C1

Solubility of MgI2 in alcohols
MgI2 forms with methyl alcohol a complex,
MgI2, 6CH3OH

Solubility of MgI2, 6CH8OH in CH8OH at t°

\ by weight of
IsOH

of

0 7
0 466
0 35
0 23
0 17

0 09835
0 1108
0 09835
0 1108
0 1108

0 156
0 108
0 089
0 0638
0 049

0 388
0 250
0 172
0 106
0 0771

4 55
3 15
2 60
1 8ft
1 43

20 86

13 39

9 21

5 67

4 13

(Herz and Muhs, Z anorg 1909, 38 140 )
Solubility of Mg02H2 in NH4N08+Aq at 29°

Cone of
NH4N03

$?

mal)

Acid re
quired
for liber
ated NHs
in 25cc
(Normal)

Normality of

G perl

MgOiH*

NEUNOs

MgOjjHa

NH4NO8

0 35
0 175

0 1108
0 1108

0 0833
0 0495

0 1834
0 076

2 43
1 45

14 69
6 09

(Herz and Muhs )

Completely msol m 16% NaCl+Aq m
presence of 08 g NaOH (Maigret, Bull
Soc (3) 33 631 )

Solubility of Mg02H in NaCl+NaOH+Aq

G NaClperl

125
140
160

G MgO per 1 of solution with added

0 8 g NaOH per 1 4 0 g NaOH per 1

0 07

0 045
None

0 03
None

(Maigret )

Freshly pptd Mg(OH)2 is sol in Th(N03)4
-j-Aq forming a colloidal solution (Halla,
Z anorg 1912, 79 262 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II, 1014 )

See also Magnesium oxide

Mm Brucite Sol m cold citric acid+Aq
(Bolton, C N 37 14 )

2MgO, 3H20 (Bender, B 3 932 )

Magnesium iodide, MgI2
Very deliquescent

Solubility m H2O See MgI2 +6, and 8H20
Sp gr of MgI2+Aq at 19 5° containing
5 10 15 20 25 30% MgI2,

1 043 1 088 1 139 1 194 1 254 1 32

35 40 45 50 55 60% MgI2
1395 1474 1568 1668 178 1915
(Kremers, Pogg 111 62, calculated by
Gerlach, Z anal 8 285 )

2 +Aq decomp slightly on evaporation
Very sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin. Am
Ch J 1898, 20 828 )
Sol in alcohol, ether, and wood-spirit

0

20
40
60
80
100

49 6
52 6
55 3
58 0
60 6
63 3

120
140
160
180
200

66 2
69 5
73 2

77 1
81 5

(Menschutkm, Z anorg 1907, 52 15 )

MgI2 forms with ethyl alcohol a complex,
MgI2, 6C2H8OH

Solubility of MgI2, 6C2H6OH m C2H6OH at t°

0

20

40

60

80

100

110

% by weight
of MgI2
6C2H6OH

21 9
33 2

44 4
55 3
65 5

74 7
78 8

t°

120
130
135
140
143
145
146 5 mpt

% by weight
of Mgl2
6 CsHsOH

82 7
87 2
90 0
93 3
96 0
98 0
100

(Menschutkm )

MgI2 forms with dimethylcarbinol a com-
plex, Mgl,, 6(CH3)2CHOH

Solubility of

(CH3)2<

6(CH3)2CHOH in

:OH at t°

% by weight

of MgI2
6(CH3)2CHOH

57 1
60 0
63 3
67 0
71 2

110
120
130
136

138 mpt

% by weight

of Mgla
6(CH3)2CHOH

76 2
79 4
84 8
91 7
100

(Menschutkm )
Solubility of MgI2 in ether at t°

t°

% MgI2

% MgI2 2C4HioO

5 4
11 8
15 6
18 1
20 4
22 2

1 45
2 43
3 46
5 4
7 55
11 28

2 2

3 7
5 3
8 3
11 6
17 3

(Menschutkm, Z anorg 1906, 49 41 )

474

MAGNESIUM IODIDE

t°

%

MgI2

| % MgI2 2CJIioO

Solubility of MgI2 in acetone
MgI2 forms with acetone a complex, MgI2
6CH8COCH3

Solubility of MgI2, 6CH8COCH8 in
CH3COCks at t°

in lower layer

14 8
17 6
20
28 4
33
35

35 5
35 5
35 8
35 5
35 7
35 3

54 4
54 4
54 8
54 4
54 7
54 1

t°

%bywt MgI2 eCHaCOCH

0
30
50
60
70
80
85
90
95
100
105
106 5 mpt

4 9
6 7
8 3
10 2
15 2
28 6
40 0
59 2
80 0
92 5
98 5
100

m upper layer

18 6

23 2
24 4
32 4

13 57
14 4
14 6
15 82

20 8
22 1
22 4
24 2

in solution when two layers rmy

37 3
38 5
38 5
38 5
38

19 4
22 45
26 07
29 8
32 8

29 3
34 4
39 9
45 7
50 3

(Menschutkin, Z anorg 1907, 53 30 )

Solubility of Mglg in acetal
Mgl2 forms with acetal a complex. Mgl2,
2CH8CH(OC2H5)2

Solubility of MgI2, 2CH3CH(OC2H6)2 in
CHSCH(OC2H5)2 at t°

(Menschutkin )

CJnlnVnlify Of MgI2 m aCetlC add

nns with acetic acid a complex,

fgCOOH

Solubility of MgI2, 6CH3COOH in
CHsCOOH at t°

t°

% by wt MgI2
2CH3CH(OC2H5)2

20
60

77
77
79
81
83
86 mpt

0 15
0 45
0 6
92 0
93 7
95 5
97 3
100

t°

% by wt

MgI2 6CH8COOH

20
40
60
70
75
80
85
95
105
115
125
135
140
142 mpt

0 6
2 0
5 0
9 5
13 0
18 5
27 1
42 0
54 5
65 0
73 8
85 0
94 0
100 0

(Menschutkin, Z anorg 1907, 53 33 )

Solubility of MgI2 in acetamide
MgI2 forms with acetamide a complex,
MgI2, 6CH3CONH2

Solubility of MgI2.6CH3CONH in
CH3CONH2 at t°

t

% bv wt of Mgla
6CH8CONH2

49
80
110
130
150
160
170
175
177 mpt

56 5
63 4
70 5
76 0
82 1
85 5
90 8
96 2
100 0

(Menschutkin, Z

anorg 1907,54 93)

(Menschutkin, Z anorg 1909, 61 108 )

MAGNESIUM IODIDE

475

Solubility of Mgl2 in acetomtrile
MgI2 forms with acetomtnle a complex,
MgI2, 6CH8CN

Solubility of MgI2, 6CH8CN in CH3CN

att°

Solubility of MgI2 in methyl acetate
MgI2 forms with ethyl acetate a complex,
MgI2, 6CH8COOC2H6

Solubihty of MgI2, 6CH8COOC2H6 in
CHaCOOCaHs at t°

t°

% by wt MgI2 6CH3CN

t°

% by wt MgI2
eCHsCOOCsHs

0
30
50
70
80
89

37 %

49 8
58 2
67 9 !
76 5
91 3

0
20
40
50
55
60
65
70
75
78 5 mpt

3 2

4 8
8 6
13 7
21 5
38 0
63 5
90 5
97 7
100 0

(Menschutkin, Z anorg 1909, 61 110 )

Solubihty of MgI2 m benzaldehyde
MgI2 forms with benzaldehyde a complex,
MgI2, 6C6H6CHO

(Menschutkin )

Solubihty of MgI2, 6C6H6CHO in C6H6CHO

att°

Solubility of Mglo in ethyl formate
MgI2 forms with ethyl formate a complex,
MgI2, 6HCOOC2H6

t°

% by wt Mgla GCeHeCHO

Solubility of MgI2, 6HCOOC2H6 m
HCOOC2H6 at t°

0
20
40
60
80
100
110
120
125
130
133
136
139 mpt

3 2
3 8
5 3 i
7 7
11 0
18 5
26 5
40 0
53 0
74 5
86 0
94 2
100

t°

% by wt MgI2 GHCOOCaHs

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70

5 mpt

15 1
17 4
20 5
25
31 8
44
68
100

(Menschutkin )

(Menschutkin, Z anorg 1907, 53 28 )

Solubility of MgI2 in methyl acetate
MgI2 f 01 ms with methyl acetate a complex
MgI2, 6CHaCOOCH3

Solubility of Mglj in isoamylacetate
Mgl forms with isoamylacetate a complex,
MgI2; 6CH3COO(iso)C6H11

Solubility of Mgl , GCH3COO(iso)C5Hn m
at t°

Solubility of Mgl>, 6CH3COO<JHs m
CH3COOCH3 at t°

t

*/t l>v wt Mt,I

()CHjroo(i8o)Cjj[iji

t°

% by wt MKI2
bCHjCOOCHj

0

20
40
45
50
55
57 5
60 mpt

7 7
11 5
20 9
25 5
?3 2
47 8
63 0
100 0

0
30
60
90
100
103
103
110
120
121 mpt

0 4
0 55

0 75
0 9
1 8
2 4
74 2
81 7
98 0
100 0

(Menschutkin )

Solubihty of MgI2 in isobutyl acetate
MgI2 forms with isobutylacetate a com-
plex, MgI2j 6CH8COOC4H9

(Menschutkin, Z anorg 1909, 61 101 )

476

MAGNESIUM MERCURIC IODIDE

Solubihty of MgI2, 6CH3COO(iso)C4H9 in
CHsCOO(iso)C4H9

+8HaO Sp gr of solution of MgI2 -J-8H20
sat at 18° containing 597% Mgl2 = 1909
(Mylius, B 1897, 30 1718 )

Solubihty of MgI2+8H20 in H20 at t°

t°

a&%3c£&n

0
20
40
50
60
70
75
80
85
87 5 mpt

10 5
13 6
17 6
20 4
24 9
33 7
40 5
52 0
89 0
100 0

t°

% by weight of Mglz+SHaO

0
20
40
43 5

76 0
81 0
88 0
90 8

(Menschutkin )

+10E20 Sol m H20 (Pdnfiloff, C C
1894, II 610 )
Magnesium mercuric iodide, MgI2, HgI2
Known only in solution
+9H20 Very deliquescent (Dubom,
C R 1906, 142 1338 )
Very sol in ethyl, methyl, propyl, butyl,
isobutyl, amyl, isopropyl and allyl alcohols,
ethyl, amyl, propyl and isobutyl acetates,
ethyl cyanide and acetone Sol in benzyl
alcohol Decomp by glycerine SI sol in
ethyl benzoate, amyl benzoate, nitrobenzene
Decomp by ethyl oxalate Insol in toluene,
benzene, ethyl iodide, CHC18, CGU, ethylene
bromide, monochlor and monobrombenzene
(Duboin, A ch 1909, (8) 16 276 )
MgI2, 2HgI2 Decomp by H2O into HgI2
and above compound, which remains in solu-
tion (Boullay )
+ 7H20 Sat solution in H20 at 17 8° has
the composition MgI2, 1 29 HgI2, 11 06 H2O
(Dubom, C R 1906, 142 1338 )

Magnesium potassium iodide, MgI2, RI-j-

(Menschutkm )

Solubihty of MgI2 in propyl acetate
MgI2 forms with propyl acetate a complex,
MgI2, 6CH8COOC8H7
Solubihty of MgI2, 6CH8COOC8H7 in
CH8COOC8H7 at t°

t°

% by wt Mgla
6CHsCOOC3H7

0
20
30
35

40
45
50
55
60
65 mpt

4 1
5 4
6 5
7 8
19 0
46 0
72 5
88 2
96 0
100 0

(Menschutkm )

Solubility of MgI2 m urethane
MgI2 forms with urethane a complex, MgI2,
6N*H2COOC2H5

Solubility of MgI2, 6NH2COOC2H6 m
NH2COOC2H5 at t°

t°

% by wt MgI2
6NH2COOC2HB

32

50
70

80

84
87 mpt

51 8
59 4
70 7
78 8
85 0
100 0

(Menschutkin )
+6E20
Solubihty of MgI2+6HaO m H20 at t°

t°

% by weight of
MgI2+6H20

^

% by weight of
MgI2-f6H20

43°
80°
120°

89 8
90 3
90 9

160°
200°
215°

91 7
93 4
94 3

(Menschutkin, Z anorg 1907, 52 156 )

6H20

Deliquescent (Lerch, J pr (2) 28 338)
Very hygroscopic (de Schulten. Bull boo
1900(3)23 158)

Magnesium iodide ammonia, Mgl^, GNH-j

Practically msol in liquid NHa (Franklin,
J Am Chem Soc 1913, 36 1459 )

Magnesium nitride, Mg8N"2

Decomp by moist air or H/) vSol in dil
or cone HCl+Aq, or HNO3+Aq bol in
warm H2S04 Insol in alcohol, othyl iodide
or phosphorus oxychlonde (Bneglcb and
Geuther, A 123 236 )

Decomp by H2O (Smits, R t c 1804,
12 198)

Easily decomp H20 when finely powdered
(Rossel, C R 1895, 121 942 )

Magnesium sw&oxide (?)

Decomp H20 Sol in dil acids (Beetz,
Pogg 127 45)

Magnesium oxide, MgO

Sol m 50 000-100 000 pta H20 (Bmeau C R 41
510) m 55 368 pts cold or hot H2O (Freaemus A 50
123) in 100 000-200 000 pts H2O (Bunsen) in 16 000
pts HaO at ord temp (Dalton) in 7900 pts HzO at
ord temp (Kirwan) m 5760 pts H20 at 15 5° and
36 000 pts at 100° (Fyfe)

MAGNESIUM OXYSULPHIDE

477

Calc from electrical conductivity of M
+ Aq 1 pt MgO is sol in 172,000 pts E
at 18° (Dupre", Zeit angew Ch 1903. 16 55 )

"Heavy" MgO is more sol in BC20 than
"light" MgO The temp of preparation
affects the rate of solution, the rate being
diminished as the temp of preparation is
increased (Anderson, Chem Soc 1905, 87
265)

Easily sol in acids, even in E2S08+Aq

Solubility in P205+Aq at 25°

More sol in KSSO4, and Xa,SO4+ \q than
in H2O (Wamngton )

Composition of the
solution

Sp .gr
25°/25°

]
Solid phase

G MgO

per 1

G P20fi
per 1

0 207

0 486

0 280

0 732

0 553

1 917

1 438

4 85

2 23

7 35

1 006

4 73

16 84

1 017

11 19

38 59

1 042

17 33

61 21

1 069

26 09
37 40
75 5

93 09
130 7
281 8

1 109
1 144
1 285

MgHP04,
3H20

109 5

439 0

122 6

498 4

1 470

129 9

546 5

140 0

584 0

146 8

623 3

1 595

147 3

625 9

150 3

645 8

155 5

680 7

87 1
77 1

779 6
809 6

1 626
1 644

'.MgEWPOO*

70 6

835 1

1 654

(Cameron, J phys Chem 1907, 11 364 )

Sol m NH4 salts, NaCl, or KCl+Aq
(Fresemus )

Solubility m MgCl2+Aq at 25°

% MgCl2

% MgO as Mg(OH)«

2 36

0 00008

4 47

0 00028

6 79

0 00048

9 02

0 00080

13 14

0 00115

15 15

0 00195

17 53

0 00240

18 52

0 00250

22 04

0 00245

23 78

0 00235

25 13

0 00230

26 88

0 00250

28 34

0 00230

29 80

0 00240

30 04

0 00250

34 22

0 0030

(Robinson, J phys Chem 1909, 13 676 )

Sol in methyl alcohol to form a colloidal
solution containing 16^ Mg£) (Neuberg
and Rewald (Biochem Z 190&, 9 547 )

Insol in methjl acetate (Naumana. B
1909, 42 3790), ethjl acetate iNaumann,

Insol in acetone (Xaumann, B 1904. 37
4329 )

Insol in acetone and m metlnlal (Eid-
rnnm, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Solubihty in (calcium sucrats+ sugar ) +

q

1 1 solution containing 418 6 g sugar and
34 3 g CaO dissolves 0 30 g MgO, contain-
ing 296 5 g sugar and 24 2 g CaO dissolves
0 24 g MgO containing 174 4 g sugar and
14 1 g CaO dissolves 0 22 g MgO ( Boden-
bender, J B 1865 600 )

See also Magnesium hydroxide

Mm Pendasite

Magnesium peroxide, MgOj

Sol in 14,550 pts H*O at 20° (Foregger
and Philipp, J Soc Chem Ind 1906, 25
298)

5MgO, 2Mg02+3H 0

3MgO, 2MgO +3H O

2MgO, 2MgO2+3H 0

4MgO, 2MgO +3H O

Above salts are decomp b\ H 0

(Carrasco, Gazz cb it 1909, 39, a) 47 )

Magnesium oxybromide, MgBr 3MgO^-

12HO

Decomp in the air and also fo H O, al
cohol and most reagents (Tassilh, C R
1897,125 607)

Magnesium oxychlonde, Mg OC1 — 16H O

Easily decomp b\ HO and alcohol
(A.ndre, \ ch (6) 3 80)

, ^, — J or 3MgO, MgCl -
10H20 Solubilit\ determination^ sho\s that
this salt is the solid phase in equilibrium at
25° with solution^ of MgCl and MgO con-
taining from 10-15^ MgCl Rubicon J

s Chem 1909, 13 677 >

,lg60 Cl +6, S 14 or 1-H 0 Decomp
by HA ^hich dibsohes out MgCl <rJen-

derMgn010Cl2il4, or 18H O Krauze *

16M|fo09Cl + 24H 0 - 9MgO MgCl -r
24H20 H O remo\es all MgCl b\ long di-
gesting (Bender, \ 159 341 )
+10, and 15H 0 (Bender \

Magnesium oxysulphide, Mg OS
(Rachel, J pr (2) 12 o5 )

478

MAGNESIUM PHOSPHIDE

Magnesium phosphide, Mg3P2

Decomp by H20, dil HCl-f-Aq, or HN03
+Aq (Parkinson, Chem Soc 5 (2) 125 and
309)

Jnsol in moderately dil cold HCl-f-Aq, or
boiling dil H2S04+Aq Difficultly and
slowly sol m aqua regia (Blunt, Chem Soc
3 (2) 106 )

Decomp by H20, HC1, cone B^SO* and
by HN08 (Gautier, C E 1899, 128 1169 )

Magnesium sihcide, Mg6Sis

Slowly decomp by warm H2O Slowly
decomp by cold, rapidly by hot NH4Cl-fAq
Decomp by cold dil HCl-f-Aq (Geuther, J
pr 96 425 )

Mg2Si Decomp by ECl+Aq with residue
of Si (Wohler, A 107 113)

Slowly decomp by H20 at ord temp
Violently decomp by HC1 (Lebeau and
Bossuet, C R 1908, 146 284 )

Magnesium sulphide, MgS

Decomp by H20 (Reichel, J pr (2) 12
55 )

SI sol inH20 with rapid decomp (Premy )

Sol in acids with decomp

Anhydrous Crystalline Only very si
sol in cold H2O Sol m HNOs and H2SO4 at
ord temp Sol in PCI* and in chromyl chlor-
ide (Mourlot, C R 1898, 127 182 )

Magnesium polysulpbide, MgSx
Known only in solution (Reichel )

Magnus* green salt
See Platocfeamine chloroplatuute

Manganese, Mn

Decomposes H20 even m the cold, more
rapidly when hot (Regnault )

Decomposes cold water violently (Bun-
sen )

Sol m all dil acids Slowly sol m cold
H2S04 (John )

Insol in cold, but rapidly sol in hot H2S04
Very easily sol in dil H2SO4, or HCl+Aq,
HlSTOs, or HC2H302 + Aq (Brunner )

Pure manganese is unaltered in dry air,
even when finely powdered Slowly attacked
by cold, quickly by hot H2O Very si at
tacked by cold H2SO4, rapidly on warming,
rapidly attacked by cold dil H;SO4-f-Aq}
violently by cone HNO3-f Aq, and rapidly
by dil HN03, HC1, HC2H3O2-fAq, and also
NaOH+Aq Sol m NH4Cl-f-Aq (Pre-
hnger, W A B 102, 2b 359 )

Insol m liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 828 )

% com oleic acid dissolves 00276 g Mn
in 6 days (Gates, J phys Chem 1911, 16
143)

Manganese antimomde, MnSb

Sol in hot aqua regia (Wedekind, B
1907,40 1266)

Manganese azoimide, basic, Mn(OH)Ns

Only si sol in H20 with decomp (Cur-
tms, J pr 1898, (2) 58 293 )

Manganese bismuthide, MnBi

Very sensitive towards acids with the
exception of cone HC1 (Wedekind, B
1911, 44 2665 )

Manganese boride, MnB

Attacked by cold H20 and by acids (Jas-
soneix. C R 1904, 139 1210 )

Easily attacked by HCL H2S04 and HF
with evolution of BH8 ( Wedekind, B 1905,
38 1231)

MnB2 Sol in acids, with evolution of Hz
(Troost and Hautefeuille, A ch (5) 9 65 )

Slowly decomp by H20 Sol in dil HC1
and other dil acids with evolution of BHs
(Wedekind, B 1905, 38 1229 )

Manganous bromide, MnBr2

Anhydious Very deliquescent

Sat MnBr2-hAq contains at
—21° +7° 11° 18° 38° 52°
521 565 570 591 627 642%MnBr2,

64° 76° 89° 97° 105°
682 701 697 692 702%MnBr2
(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 541 )

Insol m liquid NH8 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 828 )

+E20 (Lescoeur, A ch 1894, (7) 2 104 )

-j-4HoO More deliquescent than MnCl2
Melts in crystal water when heated (Berthe-
mot )

+6H20 (Kuznetzoff, C C 1897, II 329 )

Manganous mercuric bromide
Deliquescent

Manganous palladium bromide
See Bromopalladite, manganous

Manganous stannic bromide
See Bromostannate, manganous

Manganese carbide, MnC

(Brown, J pr 17 492 )

MnC2

Mn3C (Troost and Hautefeuille, A ch
(5) 9 60 )

Decomp by H20 and by dil acids (Mois
san, C R 1896, 122 422 )

Manganous chloride, MnCl2
Anhydrous Deliquescent

MANGANOUS CHLORIDE

479

100 pts H20 at t° dissolve pts MnCl2

Sp gr of MnCl24-Aq at room temp

Pts MnCla

Pts MnCIa

% MnClz

Sp gr

10

31 25
62 5

62 16

85 72

122 22

87 5
106 25

122 22

123 81

or, sat MnCl2-l-Aq at t° contains

8 007
15 650
30 330
40 132

1 0960
1 1963
1 3372
1 4530

t°

% MnCla

t°

% MnCla

10
31 25
62 5

38 33
46 15
55 0

87 5
106 25

55 0
55 32

(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 273 )
Sp gr of MnGU+Aq at t°

(Brandes, Pogg 22 263 )
See also below under -f 2H20, and -j-4H20

Sp gr of MnCl2+Aq at 15° a=sp gr if %
if % is MnCl2+

is MnCl2, b
4H20

sp gr

t°

% MnCls

Sp gr

14 5
14 5
14 0
14 5
14 0
14 6

5 0

11 99
14 98
19 92
23 10

28 51

1 0457
1 1076
1 1379
1 1891
1 2246
1 2888

5

10
15
20
25
30
35

045
091
138
189
245
306
372

0285
057

1 086

116
147
180
214

40
45
50
55
60
65
70

1 443
1 514

1 250
1 290
331
375
419
463
508

(Long, W Ann 1880, 11 38 )
Sp gr of MnCl2+Aq at 25°

Concentration of MnCla+Aq

1-normal

v!- "

Vr- "

Sp gr

1 0513
1 0259
1 0125
1 0063

(Gerlach, Z anal 28 476 ) (Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 6 38 )

Solubility of MnCl2+KCl in H2O at t°

t°

% MnCl2

%KC1

Solid phase

6

40 23

MnCl2, 4H20

35 94

9 41

MnCI*, 4H2O+MnCl2, KC1, 2H204-KC1

23 06

KC1

28 4

44 46
43 28
38 65

8 66
13 79

MnCl2, 4H20
MnCl2, 4H2O+MnCl2, KC1, 2H20
MnCl2, 4H20+MnCl2. 2KC1, 2H20+KC1

26 91

KC1

52 8

50 14

6 01

MnCl2, 4H2O+MnCl>, 2H20+MnCl2, KC1, 2H2O

62 6

51 86
49 95
44 05

36 85

6 67
12 49

18 77

MnCl2, 2H20
MnCl2, 2H20-f-MnCk KC1, 2H20
MnCl2, KC1, 2H2O+MnCl2, 2KC1, 2H2O
MnCl2? 2KC1, 2H20+MnCl2, 4KC1

31 57

KC1

(Suss, Z Kryst Mm 1912, 51 262 )

Insol m liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch

J 1898,20

Solutions of MnCL in 75% alcohol saturated
at t° contain

t

% MnCb

t

% MnCl

10
25

23 1
36 1

43 75
87 5
(B -pt )

37 5
32 2

480

MANGANESE CHLORIDE

Solutions of MnCl2 in absolute alcohol satu-
rated at t° contain

t°

% MnCh

t°

% MnCla

11 25
37 5

33 3
33 3

76 25

(B-pt)

36 2

(Brandes, I c )

MnCl2 crystallises from above solutions on
standing

When 15-20 vols ether are added to 1 vol
absolute alcohol sat with MnCl2, MnCl2 is
completely pptd (Doberemer )

Insol in oil of turpentine

Sol in urethane (Castoro, Z anorg 1899,
20 61)

SI sol in benzomtnle (Naumann, B
1914,47 1369)

DtiEficultly sol in methyl acetate (Nau-
mann, B 1909, 42 3790 )

Insol m ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1910,43 314)

-HJS20 Solubility in HCl+Aq decreases
with increasing amt of HC1 It is greater
when hot than cold, but is not inconsiderable
even when HC1 is cone 1 1 cone HCl+Aq
sat at 12° dissolves 190 g MnCl2 from MnCla
-f-H2O (Ditte, C B 1881, 92 243 )

+6/sH2O MnCl2+4H20 effloresces to
MnCla4-V*HaO m a dry atmosphere and
under low pressure and not to MnCk-f-
2H20 (Sabatier, Bull Soc 1894, (3) 11
547)

+2H20

Solubility in H20 at t°

t°

Pts MnCla per
100 pts HaO

Sp gr of sat
solution

60
70
80

108 6
110 6
112 7

1 6108
1 6134

(Dawson and Williams, Z phys Ch 1899,
31 63)

Sat aqueous solution of MnCl2+2H20
Contains 51 86% MnCl2 at 62 6° (Suss Z
Knst 1912, 61 262 )

+4H20 Deliquescent

100 pts H20 at t° dissolve

J.O

Pts MnCls

Pta MnCla

-HHaO

+4HaO

8

151

87 5

641

31 25

265

106 25

656

62 5

641

(Brandes, I c )

Sol m 0 8 pt H2O at 18 75° (Abl )
Pptd from solution m 9 17 mols
(Kuznetzoff, C C 1899, 1 246 )

H20

Sat aq solution contains at
—22° —5° +7° 17° 19°
347 378 404 412 423%MnCla

35° 55° 57° 80° 100° 140°
444 482 500 510 537 547%MnCl
(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 537 )

Solubility m H20 at t°

t°

Pts MnCla per
100 pts H20

Sp gr of sat
solution

25

30
40
50
*57 65

77 18

80 71
88 59
98 15
105 40

1 4991
1 5049
1 5348
1 5744
1 6097

* Temp of transition into MnCl2-f2H20

(Dawson and Williams, Z phys Ch 1899, 33

63)

Sat aqueous solution of MnCl2+4H2<
contains 40 23% MnCl2 at 6°, 44 6% MnC
at 28 4° (Suss, Z Knst 1912, 51 262 )

100 pts 75% alcohol dissolve at t°

t°

Pts MnCl2
+4H20

t°

Pta MnCla
+4H20

10
25

53

132

43 75

87 5

144
100 1

(Brandes, I c )

Insol m absolute ether, which also dot
not abstract crystal H20

Insol in boiling oil of turpentine (Brandei

Sol in cone HN03-f Aq

+ 5H20 (Muller-Erzbach, B 1889, 25
3181)

+6H20 Pptd from solution m 11 7 mol
H2O at —21° (Kuznetzoff, C C 1899,
246)

Manganese frtchloride, MnCls

Immediately decomp by H2O, sol in abi
ether and in abs alcohol (Holmes, J An
Chem Soc 1907, 29 1285 )

Manganese £e£rachlonde, MnCU

Has not been isolated

Sol in HjO, alcohol, or ether (Nickle
J B 1865 225 )

Composition is Mn2Cle (Christensen,
pr (2) 34 41 )

Manganese hydrogen te/rachlonde (chlon

manganic acid), MnCl4, 2HC1
Sol in ether, decomp by H20 (Frank
(2) 36 31 )

Manganese heptachlonde, MnCl7(?)

Decomp by H O (Dumas, Berz J B
112)

MANGANIC SODILM FLI GRIDE

461

Has the formula MnO8Cl (?) (Aschoff, J
pr 81 29)

Manganous mercuric chloride, MnCl2, HgCl2
4-4H20

Deliquescent in moist air Easily sol in
H2O (v Bonsdorff )

MnCl2, 2HgCl2 (Varet, C R 1896, 123,
422)

Manganous potassium chloride, MnCl2, KC1
+2H2O

Deliquescent Very sol in H20, but is
decomp thereby (Remsen and Saunders,
Am Ch J 14 129)

MnCl2, 2KC1+2H2O (Suss, Z Kryst
1912, 61 262 )

Manganic potassium chloride, MnCls, 2KC1+

HO

Decomp by H20 Sol m HC1 apparentl
without decomp (Rice, Chem Soc 1891

Very easily decomp

ther Slo^b sol in acetic acid Moisaan.
C R 1900, 130 llbO )

Insol m hquid XH3 tGorc, \m Ch J
1898, 20 828 )

Insol m acetone *Xaumann, B 1904, 37
4329)

Manganese Znfluonde, MnF,

73 261)

MnCl4, 2KC1

JL.VJLJJ.Vy 0,4, AIJLXV./J. i v>jbjr wfcw.***,/ — •— — --

(Meyer and Best, Z anorg 1899; 22 186)

MnCl4, MnCli, 5KC1 Easily decomp
(Meyer and Best, Z anorg 1899,22 185)

Manganous ruhidium chlonde, MnCl ,
2RbCl

(Godeffroy)

H-3H20 Easily sol in H2O Insol in
alcohol, cone HCl+ppt anhydrous salt
from aqueous solution (Godeffroy, Arcn
Pharm (3) 12 40 )

Contains only 2H2O (Saunders, Am On
J 14 139)

Manganous thallic chlonde, MnCl2, 2T1C13+

OHaO

Can be crvst from H20 (Gewecke, A
1909, 366 224 )

Manganous stannic chlonde
flee Chlorostannate, manganous

Manganous chloride hydrazine, MnCl2,
2N8H4

Ppt (Franzcn, 7 anorg 1908,60 285)

Manganous chloride hydroxylamine, MnCl

V^JL^-V ,.1- ««* in a httle H-»O, but decomp
D\ dil'iuon. OP boiling (Berzehus )

+6H20 Efflorescent (Chnsttnsen, J pr
(2)35 57)

Sol in H2S04, HC1, HXO,, decomp by
H20, msol in most organic sohents ( Mou-
san, C R 1900, 130 626 )

Manganomangamc fluonde, MntF|-f lOHjO
Sol in a httle H O, but decomp b> dilu-
tion (Nickles, C R 67 44S )

Manganese ^rafluonde, MnF4

Not isolated Sol m absolute alcohol or
ether, decomp by H 0 (Xieklts, C R 65
107)

Probabh does not exist iChristensen, J
pr (2) 35 161 )

Manganese 7zep/afluonde, MnF °
Sol in H20 with decomp i Wohler ;

Manganese sesgutfiuonde im*h MF
See also Fluomanganate, M

Manganic nickel fiuonde, 2NiF , Mn Fe—

SHO
(Christensen, J pr (2) 34 41 )

Manganic potassium fiuonde, Mn Ff 4KF—

2HO
Decomp by H O Sol in cone HCl—

dil HN03+lq, cone H

H PO4*

j

Very stable, msol m alcohol (Feldt, B
1S94, 27 405 )

Manganous fluoride, MnF2

Only sol in H2O containing HF (Ber-

Zeinsol m H20, decomp by boiling with
HO si sol m liquid NH3, easily sol in cold
fr hot cone HNq03 and HC1 slowly sol m
dil HC1, decomp by fused K2C08, KOH,
KNOs, and KC1OS, msol in alcohol and

Lj.j.^v-'sn ^H? ^v-»-iv-' •*•••• — ' "- ' * ' ~~i — •*
H2C204+ \q, H C4H40£- \q, and 011
xir+\q (Chri^tensen, J pr 235*2

MnF4| 2KF Difhculth sol m H O De-
comp b> much H O \ickles, C R 65
107) ,

True composition is Mn te, 4Kr , ai&u A i ^
2H20 (Christensen J pr J 34 41

MnF4, 4KF (\ickles )

See aho Fluomanganate, potassium

Manganic rubidium fluoride
See Fluomanganate, rubidium

Manganic silver fluonde, 2\gl Mn F -

14H20
Sol mHF+A.q fChnstensen, J P- -)

34 41)

Manganic sodium fluonde, Mn Fc 4\,iF

Decomp by much HO Not as ,ol m HF
+Aq as the K salt (Christensen J pr 2

35 161)

482

MANGANOMANGANIC THALLOUS FLUORIDE

Manganomangamc thallous fluoride, 5T1F,

2MnF8, MnF2
Decomp by H20

SI sol in <£l , easily sol in cone HF
Sol in cone HC1, dil HNO3, and cold or

hot cone H2SO4

Sol in warm H20z contamnig H2S04
Sol m dil tartanc and oxalic acids

(Ephraim, B 1909,42 4458)

Manganous stannic fluonde
See Fluostannate, manganous

Manganic zuic fluonde, 2ZnF2, Mn2F6+8H2O
See Fltiomanganate, zinc

JManganous zirconium fluonde
See Flucxzrrconate, manganous

Manganous fluonde ammonia, 3MnF2, 2NHS
(Moissan, C R 1900, 130 1161 )

Manganous hydroxide, Mn02H2

2 15 x 10-5 g -mol are sol> in 1 1 H20 at 18°

(Sackur, Z Elektrochem, 1909, 16 846 )

Solubility in H«0 = 0 6 x 10-4 g mol (Herz,
Z anorg 1899, 22 284 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 2 x 10~4 mol Mn02H2
(Tamm, Z phys Ch 1910, 74 500 )

Very si sol in H20 or alkalies (Fresen-
lus ) Easily sol in acids Insol in NaOH,
or KOH -f Aq Sol in NH4 salts + Aq Insol
in NH4OHH-Aq Sol in NaOH-f-Aq in
presence of glycerine (Donath, Dingl 229
542)

Not pptd by NH4OHH-Aq in presence of
H2C4H4Oft, by JKOH-hAq in presence of cane
sugar, by KOH+Aq in presence of Na citrate

Solubility of Mn02H2 in organic Na salts -j-
Aq (0 5 normal )

Na tartrate, 0 0068 mol per 1

Na malate, 0 0042 " " "

Na citrate, 0 0126 " " "

(Tamm, Z phys Ch 1910, 74 496 )

Mm Pyrochroite

Manganomangamc hydroxide, Mn304, #H20
Not attacked by boiling NH4Cl+Aq Be-
haves towards acids as Mn203

Manganic hydroxide, Mn2O3, H20
Insol in hot or cold dil H2S04+Aq
Sol in cone H2S04 at somewhat over 100°

(Canus )

So\ in tartanc, oxalic, and mahc acids, with

subsequent decomp Insol m formic, acetic,

benzoic, or hippunc acids (Hermann, Pogg

74 303)

Insol in NH4Cl+Aq Insol m cane sugar

-f-Ac- (Peschier )
Mm Mangamte Sol in cone ECl-fAq

SI sol in cone HaSO4

Manganese ^hydroxide, Mn02, H20
See Manganous acid.

Manganous iodide, MnI2

Anhydrous Nearly insol in AsBrs
(Walden, Z anorg 1902, 29 374 )

Sol in POCls (Walden, Z anorg 1900,
25 212)

Moderately sol m liquid NH3 (Franklin,
Am Ch J 1898, 20 828 )

+4H2O Very deliquescent, and sol in
H20 (Kuznetzoff, C C 1900, II 525 )

-f 9H20 (Khznetzoff )

Manganous mercuric iodide, MnI2, 2HgI2-H
6H2O

Decomp by HgO Sol without decomp
in alcohol and acetone (Dobroserdoff, C C
1901,1 363)

3MnI2, 5HgI2+20H20

A sat solution in H20 at 17° has composi-
tion 1 4 MnI2, HgI2-f 10 22 H20 and sp gr =
298 (Duboin, 0 R 1906, 142 1338)

Very sol without decomp in methyl, pro-
pyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, and aUyl alcohols,
ethyl acetate and ethyl cyanide Somewhat
less sol in amyl, propyl and isobutyl ace-
tates, acetone, acetic acid, formic acid (with
ppnt of HgI2), ethyl benzoate, ethyl oxalate,
butyl alcohol, amyl alcohol and nitrobenzene
SI decomp by glycerine Insol in ethyl ni-
trate. ethylene bromide, toluene, benzene,
CHC13. CC14, ethyl iodide, monobrom- and
monochlorbenzene (Duboin, A ch 1909,
(8), 16 278 )

Manganese nitride,

Sol m HN08 only on heating HCl+Aq
dissolves only in presence of Pt Aqua regia
dissolves slowly H2S04 acts only when hot
and cone Insol m acetic acid (Prehnger,
M 1894, 15 398 )

Mn5N2 Sol in NH4Cl+Aq and NH4OH -f-
Aq, insol in HC1, sol m HNO3-j-Aq with
decomp (Prehnger, M 1894, 15 398 )

Mn7Na Easily attacked by acids and al-
kalies rWedekmd, B 1908,41 3772)

Manganous oxide, MnO

Insol mH20 Easily sol m acids Readily
sol in NH4Cl+Aq

Manganic oxide (Manganese sesgmoxide),
Mn2Os

Decomp by boiling with HN03+Aq into
MnO, which dissolves, and Mn02, which is
insol (Berthier), also by boiling with dil
H2S04-fAq (Turner) Sol in hot cone
H2S04 or HCl+Aq Sol m cold HCl+Aq
without decomp If perfectly pure, is msol
in dil H2S04-|-Aq, but if it contains any
MnO, it dissolves (Rose ) Insol in boiling
NH46l-fAq

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329)

M \XG VS'Ol ^ PHOSPHO^LI t MD*

4*3

Solubility in (calcium sucrate -fsugar) -f
Aq

1 1 solution containing 418 6 g sugar and
34 3 g CaO dissolves 0 50 g Mn Os, contain-
ing 296 5 g sugar and 24 2 g CaO dissohes
0 37 g Mn«Os, containing 174 4 g sugar and
14 1 g CaO dissolves 0 32 g Mn203 (Boden
bender, T B 1865 600 )
Mm Braumte

Colloidal Solution in H«0 containing 0 21
g to a litre is precipitated by KX03+\q
(1 1000), K2SO4+Aq (1 1100), (\H4)iSQ4
+Aq(l 1500),NaCl-fAq(l 1580),MgSO4
+Aq (1 40,983), BaCla+lq (1 5S.S23),
MnSO4+Aq (1 147,929), (NE4)S WSO^-h
Aq (1 362,318), K2Cr (S04)4+Aq (1 416,
668), HCl-fAq (1 61,350), HCaH,O, fl
17,262), H2SO4 (I 62,500) (Spnng and de
Boeck, Bull Soc (2) 48 170 )

Manganese h pi oxide,

\ « rv unstnblt takes up H*< * fr>*t
in HO with oolution of hf*t
[ecorapositmn N:>1 m cone H>
decomp ' Vschoff )

Manganomangamc oxide, Mn804

Insol mH2O Boiling dil or cone HXO»-f
Aq dissolves out MnO (Berthier), also boiling
dil H2S04+Aq (Turner) Sol in hot HC
+Aq (Otto ) NH4C14-Aq dissolves ou Manganic
MnO (Rose ) Sol without decomp m hot ] ide
very cone H3PO4+Aq, and cold cone H SO4,
HC1, oxalic, and tartanc acids + \q
Mm Hausrnanmte

Manganese oxychloride, iMniO» \U»< j,
Insol mHiO ^aint-Gillw ( U i§ i** >
MnCl,MnO M Gt>rgnit \ rh t> 4.

515 )
MnOjCl s# Man«tn ji chlond*

Manganic oxyfluonde, Mn< >!•
Sol in absolute t thtr
MnOFj, 2HF

(Nickles, C R 659 107

Manganic oryfiuonde potassium fluoride
Set Fluorymanganate, potassium.

potas&um fluor-

Set S^^uifiuoxymanganate, pota&smin

Manganese cfooxide, MnO 2

Mm Pyrolusite Tnsol m H O \ erv
slowly sol in cone H SO4 with evolution of
O2 Sol in cold HCl+A.q, decomp b^ hot
HCl+Aq Sol in aqua regia Sol m SO -L-
AqorN2Os4-Aq (Karsten )

Insol in HNO3, or dil H S04-l-lq, except
m presence of organic reducing substances
Decomp by citric acid, and more easih b\
oxalic acid (Bolton )

SI sol m hot cone , but msol m dil H NO
-f Aq (Deville ) When pure it is msol in
cold dil HoSO4-h^q, but if a small quantit\
of MnO is added much MnO dib&ohet,

Not decomp b> boiling NH4Cl-r^q
Easily sol m a mixture of nitrososulphunc
acid and cone HCl+A.q (Borntrager, Rep
anal Ch 1887 741) <

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Manganese oxides, Mn305, MneOn, etc
See Mangamte, manganous

Manganese Znoxide, Mn03

Deliquescent Sol in H O with subse-
quent decomp Decomp by ether Sol in
cone H2S04 (Franke, J pr (2) 36 31 )

Manganese tefroxide, MnO4 (?)

SI sol m H20 with decomp Dec gmp b>
H2S04 or ether (Franke, J pr (2) 36 166 )

Manganous oxyiodide, Mnl M » » - H *
Sol in HiO with decomp K Ai ^ ti
C C 1913, 1 li»o«'

Manganese oxysulphide, M^* »
Sol in acid \r\t* ^ P

Manganese phosphide, M-1
Insol m an **-.-*"
\\edekind B 1W 40 12
bol naa^a^ar " L
er C P INM- 124 M

Mn P HC - \« -*
jlea\tb Mn P - ' - -
\\ohlera \T , \ 86

— 1

40 . -

jMn P
panh -ul
pr 79 >2

i H M i4

(. -

Manganous phosphose'emde
Insol mHO ->1 ' HC -
\n In^ol in c n ^
+ \q Hahn J nr 93 4;

\ut

2MnSe, P Se
(Hahn)

484

MANGANESE SELENIDE

Manganese selemde, MnSe

Decomp by H2O and tnin acids (Wede-
kind, B 1911, 44 2667 )

Cryst SI decomp by H2O at 100°, easily
sol in dil acids (Fonzes-Diacon, C R 1900.
130 1025)

Manganese silicide

Sol in HP. only very si sol in other acids
(Warren, C N 1898, 78 319 )

Mg6Si2 Sol in HCl+Aq with evolution
ofSiH4 (Wohler, A 106 54)

MnoSi Insol in H20 (Vigouroux, C R
1895, 121 772 )

Easily sol on HF (Wedekind, B 1911,
44 2668)

Easily sol in dil acids, HF and HN03
Insol in KOH-fAq (Vigouroux, A ch
1897, (7) 12 179 )

Easily sol in HF when heated, in HC1
when red hot Sol in dil min acids with
decomp (Vigouroux. C R 1895, 121
772)

Insol in HN03, sol m dil or cone HC1
Slowly decomp by alkali hydroxides (Le-
beau, C R 1903, 136 91 )

Mn2Si Easily sol in molten alkali
(Vigouroux, C R 1895, 121 772 )

MnSi Slowly attacked by hot cone HC1
Not acted upon by dil or cone HNO3 or
H2S04 (Lebeau, C R 1903,136 91)

MnSi2 Not attacked by HNOa or H2S04
Easily sol in cold HF, decomp by cone
alkahes+Aq (Lebeau, C R 1903, 136
233)

Manganous sulphide, MnS

Anhydrous Insol in H2O Sol in weak
acids, even in acetic acid

1 1 H20 dissolves 71 60 x 10-° moles MnS
at 18° (Weigel, Z phys Ch 1907, 58 294 )

Insol m acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329)

Min Alabandite Sol in HCl+Aq

-J-J/£H2O Green Decomp by boiling
with H20 Sol in weak acids, as acetic or
sulphurous acid Very si sol m (NH4)2S +
Aq (Wackenroder )

Sol in NH4 salts +Aq 100 ccm of sat
NH4Cl-fAq at 12° dissolve 043 g MnS
(Clermont and Guyot, C R 86 37 )

-f3/2H2O Flesh colored Less sol in NH4
salts, or acetic acid+Aq than the preced-
ing salt 100 ccm of sat NH4C1+
Aq at 12° dissolve 0088 g (Clermont and
Guyot )

Neither green nor flesh-coloured MnS con-
tains H20 (Antony and Donrnni, Gazz ch
it 23 560)

MnS is not pptd m presence of alkali
citrates, tartrates, or grape sugar, cane or
milk sugar do not prevent precipitation
(Spiller ) Not pptd in presence of Na4P2O7
(Rose )

Manganese sulphide, Mn8S4

Decomp by H20 Sol in cold dil acids
(Gautier and Hallopeau, C R 1889, 108
809)

Manganese cfosulphide, MnS2

(Senarmont, J pr 61 385 )

Mm Hauente Decomp by hot HCl-J-Aq
with separation of S

Manganous phosphorus sulphide, MnS, P2S
Sol in HCl+Aq with decomp (Berzehus,
A 46 147 )

Manganous potassium sulphide, 3MnS, K2S
Nearly insol in water, alcohol, or ether
Easily sol in acids (Vslcker, A 69 35 )

Manganous sodium sulphide, 3MnS, Na2S
Insol in HsO, alcohol, or ether Sol in

dil acids, and S02+Aq (Volcker )
2MnS,Na2S Decomp byH20 (Schneid

er, Pogg 151 446 )

Manganese tellunde, MnTe

Decomp by H20 and mm acids (Wede-
kind, B 1911, 44 2667 )

Manganic acid, H2Mn04

Known only in solution, which decom
poses rapidly (Franke, J pr (2) 36 31 )

Barium manganate, BaMn04

Insol in H20, decomp by acids (Mit
scheihch )

Didymrum manganate, Di2(Mn04)3
Insol m H20 Sol m H2S04-fAq

(Frenchs and Smith, A 191 331 )
Does not exist (Cleve, B 11 912 )

Lanthanum manganate, La2(MnO4)g
Ppt (Frenchs and Smith, A 191 331 )
Does not exist (Cleve, B 11 912 )

Manganese manganate,

3Mn02
See Manganese dioxide

s, MnOg

Lead manganate, PbMn04+2H20
Ppt (Jolles, C C 1888 58 )

Potassium manganate, K2Mn04

Sol m water containing alkalies withou
decomp . but decomp by pure H2O Can b
recrystalhsed from dil KOH-fAq

MANGANOCYANHYDRIC ACID

485

Solubility in KOH-f-Aq at t°

Permanganic acid

Solvont

t°

Mol KaMnCU m

See Permanganic acid

11 of sat solution

2-N KOH

0

0 907

Mangamcyanhydric acid, HsMn(CN)6

10

1 013

Not known in the free state

20

1 140

30

1 252

Barium manganicyamde, Bas[Mn(CN)6]2

45

1 424

Sol in H20 (Fittig and Eaton )

4-N KOH

0
17
25

0 554
0 681
0 733

Barium potassium manganicyamde barium
cyanide, 2KBaMn(CN)6, 3Ba(CN)2+

CTT f\

30

0 772

0±±2U

40

0 852

Decomp by H20 (Lehmann. Dissert

45

0 889

1898)

51

0 938

60

1 003

Calcium manganicyamde, Caj[Mn(CN)8]2

70
80

1 074
1 143

Sol inH20 (Fittig and Eaton )

6-N KOH

0

0 155

Potassium manganicyamde, K8Mn(CN)6

15

0 224

Sol in H20 (Christensen, J pr (2) 31

23

0 261

163)

30

0 303

40

0 362

Sodium mangamcyamde, Na8Mn(CISr)6-{-

45

0 388

2H2O

60
70

0 469
0 528

Sol inH20 (Fittig and Eaton )

80

0 587

ManganiTn angamc acid

8-N KOH

0

0 063

10

0 070

Ban«m TnaTigflpitrianga.Tiat^, "RaaMTi^a-f-

20

0 078

H20

30

0 096

Insol m H20 Identical with RosenstiehTs

40
50

0 119
0 142

"basic barium manganate," (J Pharm 1864,
46 344) (Auger and Billy, C B 1904, 138

60

0 167

501)

70

0 196

80

0 222

Lithium mangamrnanganate, Li6Mn2Os+

10-N KOH

0
10

0 0145
0 0152

H2O

Insol m H2O (Auger and Billy )

20

0 0160

30

0 0215

Mangampenodic acid, H20, Mn2O3, I20?

40

0 0305

Wholly msol in H20, in hot dd or cone

50

0 0462

HNO3 and m hot dd HoSO4 (Price, Am

63

0 0620

Ch J 1903, 30 182 )

70

0 0700

80

0 0830

Potassium mangarupenodate, K20, M^Os,
Ir\

(Sackur, Z Flektrochem 1912, 18 724 )

2VJ7

Apparently entirely insol and unchanged

Sol m ethyl acetate (Naumann, B 1910,

when boiled with H O, dil or cone HISTOg,

43 314)

ordil H2SO4 (Price)

Potassium manganate permanganate,

K2Mn04, KMn04

Sol without decomp m 20% KOH+Aq
(Gorgeu, A ch (3) 61 355 )

Sodium manganate, Na2Mn04+10H20

Sol in H20, with partial decomp (Gen-
tele, J pr 82 58 )

Strontium manganate, SrMn04
Insol m H20 (Fromherz )

Sodium mangampenodate, Na 0, Mn O3,

I07

Apparently insol and unchanged when
treated with boiling H2O, boding dd or cone
HNOs and boiling dd H2SO4 (Price )

Manganocyanhydnc acid, H4MnfCN')6

Most easily decomp SI sol m alcohol
Insol in ether (Descamps, A ch (5) 24
185)

486

MANGANOCYANIDE, AMMONIUM CUPROUS

Ammonium cuprous manganocyanide,

(NH4)2Cu2Mn(CN)6

Sol in H2O, decomp by acids and alkalies,
very unstable (Straus, Z anorg 1895, 9
14)

Ammonium manganous manganocyamde,

NH4CN, Mn(CN)2 =

(NH4)*MnMn(CN)6

Sol m NH4CN+Aq (Fittig and Eaton,
A 146 157)

Barium manganocyamde, Ba2Mn(CN)e
Sol in cold H20 (Fittig and Eaton )

Calcium manganocyamde, Ca2Mn(CN)6

Very deliquescent Sol in H20, insol in
alcohol (Fittig and Eaton )

Cuprous potassium manganocyamde,

* Cu2K2Mn(CN)6

Sol m H2O with si decomp Easily de-
comp by acids and alkalies (Straus, Z
anorg 1895, 9 12 )

Cuprous sodium manganocyamde,

CuiNa,Mn(CN)e

Sol in H2O with only si decomp Par-
tially decomp by acids (Straus )

Manganous potassium manganocyamde.

KCN, Mn(CN)i=JEC,MnMn(CN)6
Ppt Sol m KCN-f Aq

Potassium manganocyamde, K4Mn(CN)6+
3H2O

Very efflorescent Sol in H20, decomp by
boiling

Potassium manganocyamde chloride,

K4Mn(CN)6, KC1
Easily sol m H2O (Descamps )

Sodium manganocyamde, Na4Mn(CN)6+

8H2O

Very efflorescent Fasily sol m H O
(Fittig and Eaton )

Strontium manganocyamde, Sr2Mn(CN)6
As the Ba comp CDescamps )

Permanganomolybdic acid
See Permanganomolybdic acid

Permanganotungstic acid
See Pennanganotungsnc acid

Manganosulphunc acid

See Sulphate, manganic

Manganous acid, H2MnO3 = Mn02, H20
Insol in H20 (Franke, J pr (2) 36 451 )
2Mn02, H20 (?) Mm Wad

Banum mangamte, BaO, 5Mn02

SI sol in HCl+Aq, less sol mHN08+Aq
(Rissier, Bull Soc (2) 30 111 )

BaO, 7Mn02 (Rousseau, C R 104 786 )

BaO, 2Mn02 Insol in H20

BaO, Mn02 Insol in H20 (Rousseau,
C R 102 425)

Ba(H8Mn4Oio)2 (Morawski and Stingl, J
pr (2) 18 92 )

Calcium mangamte, CaO, 5MnO2

Easily sol m HCl+Aq, less in HNOs+Aq
(Rissier )

3CaO, Mn02 (?) Decomp by H20 Sol
m HCl+Aq with evolution of Cl Scarcely

sol in cold HNOs, but sol on heating (Du
fau, A ch 1897, (7) 12 275 )

2CaO, Mn02 Sol in dil mm acids
(Rousseau, C R 116 1060 )

CaO, 2Mn02 (Rousseau, C R 102 425]

CaO, 3Mn02

CaO, Mn02 Sol in fuming HCl+Aq, bu1
notmdil HNOs+Aq (Rousseau, C R 116
1060)

Chromium mangamte, Cr208, 3MnO2 =

Cr2(Mn03)3

Slowly decomp by acids (Groger, Z
anorg 1905, 44 458 )

Cobaltous mangamte, CoO, Mn02+2H2O
Ppt (Salinger, Z anorg 1903, 33 352 )
+4H20 Ppt (Salinger )

Cobalt copper mangamte, CoO, CuO, 2MnO

+4H20

Mm Asbohte Sol m HCl+Aq, wit!
evolution of Cl

Cupnc mangamte, CuO, 4MnO

(Gorgeu, Bull Soc 1903, (3) 29 1167 )
CuO, 8Mn02+3HO (Baubigny, C R

1897, 124 955 )

Cupnc manganous mangamte, 4CuO, MnC

7Mn02+8H20

Ppt (Salinger, Dissert 1902 )
Mn208, 3CuO Sol m HCl+Aq (Schne

der, Am Ch J 9 269 )

Lead mangamte, PbO, 5Mn02

Not attacked by cone acids, sol in aqu
regia (Rissier )

Magnesium mangamte, 2MgO, Mn02
(Lemome, Ann Mm (7) 3 5 )
+sH20 (Vollard )

Manganous mangamte,
2Mn02

(Reissig, A 103 27 )

MneOn^MnO, 5Mn02 (Veley, Chen
Soc 38 581)

MERCURIAMMONIUM NITRATE

487

3Mn02, 2MnO Decomp by dil H2S044-
Aq (Franke, J pr (2) 36 166 )
3Mn02, MnO+H20 Min Varmcite

Manganous zinc manganite, MnO, ZnO,

Mn02

(Gorgeu, BuU Soc 1903, (3) 29 1168 )
2MnO, ZnO, 2Mn02 (Gorgeu )

Potassium mangamte, K20, 2Mn02

Insol in H20

K20, 5Mn02

K20, 7Mn02+3H2O

KoO, 8MnO2+3H20=KH8Mn4010 (Mor-
awski and Stingl, J pr (2) 18 91 )

Does not exist (Wright and Menke,
Chem Soc 37 22)

K20, 10Mn02

K20, 16MnO2+6H20 Sol in cone HC1+
Aq (Rousseau, C R 114 72 )

Silver mangamte, AgH3Mn4Oio
(Morawski and Stnigl, J pr (2) 18 92 )
Ag2Mn08 Ppt (Gorgeu, C R 110 958 )

Silver (argentous) mangamte, Ag40,

Mn208 (?)

Insol in cold dil HN03+Aq, and separ-
ates Mn203 on warming Insol in NH4OH-f
Aq (Rose, Pogg 101 229 )

Silver (argentoargentic) mangamte,

2AgoO, Mn2O3 (?)
(Rose )

Sodium mangamte, Na20, 5MnO2
Insol in H20 (Rousseau. C R 103 261 )
Na20, 12Mn02 Insol in H20 (Rous-

seau )

+4H2O (Rousseau. C R 112 525)
Na20, 8Mn02-f 5H2O (Rousseau )
Na2O, 16MnO2+8H2O (Rousseau )

Strontium mangamte, Mn02, SrO

Insol in H/)

2MnO2, SrO Insol in H20 (Rousseau,
C R 101 167)

MnO,, 5SrO Sol in HC1, or HNO,+Aq
(Rissler, Bull Soc (2)30 110)

Zinc mangamte, ZnO, 5Mn02

Insol in H20 (Rissler )

ZnO, 4Mn02 (Gorgeu, Bull Soc 1903,
(3) 29 1168 )

3ZnO, Mn02-f7HH20 (Saluiger, Dissert
1902)

27ZnO, 2Mn02+25H20 Insol in H20
(Sahnger )

Manganyl chloride, Mn03Cl
Decomp by H20 (Aschoff, J pr 81 29 )

Melanocobaltic chlonde,

Co2(NH8)6Cl4NH Cl, or

Co2(NH8)6Cl6NH2

Very si sol in cold H20 or very dil HC14-
Aq Decomp by long standing or warming
Cold cone HC1 or dil H2S04+Aq does not
attack, but decomp on warming HNOs-f
Aq decomp on warming Sol in cold E^SC^
or NH4OH+Aq, from Doth solutions it can
be precipitated by HCl+Aq (Vortmann, B
10 1455)

• chloroplatmate^Co2(NH3)6NH2Cl5,
PtCl4

;t (Vortmann, B 15 1902 )
2(NH3)flNH2Cls(OH)2, PtCl4 Ppt
(Vortmann )

- mercuric chlonde,
Co2(NH3)6(NH2)Cl3(OH)2, 3HgCl2-f-
H20

Ppt Difficultly sol m cold H2O, quite _
easily in warm H20 acidified with HC1
(Vortmann )

- chlonde chromate,
Co2(NH3)oNH2Cl3Cr207+H20

Sol in hot H2O (Vortmann )

Mercurainmomum comps
See Mercury ammonium comps

Mercunammomiiin bromide, Hg(NH2)Br
See Dimercunammonium ammonium bro-
mide

Mercuna nun onium chloride, Hg(NH2)Cl

See D?mercunammomum ammonium chlo-
nde

Mercunammonium oxyrfemercuriammoruum
chlonde, 4Hg(NH2)Cl, NH2(HgOHg)Cl

(MaUon )

Correct composition is Z)?mercunammon-
mm ammonium chlonde. NHg2Cl? NH4C1,
wtych see (Balestra, Gazz ch it 21, 2
294)

Hg(NH2)Cl, 2NH2(HgOHg)Cl (Millon )

Correct composition is Z)/mercuriammon-
mm mercuric chloride, 2NHg2Cl, HgCl2 +
H20, or Dimercuriammomum hydrogen chlor-
ide, NHgsCl, HC1 (Balestra )

Mercunammonium nitrate, 2NHS, 2HgO,

Easily decomp by HC1, or alkali sul-
phides +Aq SI sol in HNO+Aq Insol
in H2SO4, NH4OH, or KOH+Aq (Mits-
cherlich )

Is dimercuriammonium ammonium ni-
trate, NHg2N03, NH4N08+H20 (Pesci,
Gazz ch it 20 485)

MERCURIAMMONIUM AMMONIUM NITRATE

489

Itoercunammonium chloride, NHg2Cl

Not attacked by boiling H20 SI attacked
by cold dil HCl+Aq, but is gradually dis-
solved thereby Decomp by hot KOH+Aq
(Weyl )

Sol in KI, or Na S203+Aq with evolution
of NH3

+H20 Nearly msol in H20, easily sol
in HN03, and HCl-fAq Not decomp by
KOH + Aq Decomp by KC1, NaCl, or KI +
Aq (Rammelsberg, Pogg 48 181 )

hydrogen chlonde, NHg2Cl, 2HC1

Correct composition of mercuric chlora-
mide chloride (Balestra, Gazz ch it 21,
2 299)

Decomp bvH20

NHg2Cl, HC1 Decomp by H20 (Ba-
lestra, I c )

NHg2Cl, 4HC1 Sol in H20 (R&y, Proc
Chem Soc 1901, 17 96 )

ammonium chlonde, NHg2Cl, NH4C1

(Infusible white precipitate )

Correct composition of what has been called
mercuric chloramide, Hg(NH2)Cl (Ram-
melsberg, J pr 38 558 )

Insol in cold, decomp by hot H20 (Mil*-
Ion, A ch (3) 18 413 ) Sol in 600 pts
H20 (Wittstein) Sol in 71998 pts
H20 at 18 75° (Abl ) Insol in alcohol

Sol in acids, even in HC2H302+Aq, also
in NH4N03, (NH4)2S04, and NH4C2H302+
Aq (Pelouze and Fremy )

Sol in warm NH4C1, or NH4N03+Aq
(Brett )

SI sol m alkali chlorides +Aq, which par-
tiallv decomp (Miahle, A ch (3) 5 180 )

Decomp by KOH+Aq Sol m KI, or
Na2S203 + Aq, with evolution of NH3 (Ba-
lestra )

When freshly prepared is sol in cone,
NH4OH+Aq CSahi and Choudhun, Z
anorg 1910, 67 359 )

Sol m excess of (NH^HPC^-f-Aq Insol
in excess of NaHPO4+Aq (Carnegie and
Burt, C N 1897,76 175)

Insol in excess of NH4OH+Aq (Car-
negie and Burt )

NHg2Cl, 3NH4C1 (Fusible white precipi-
tate)

Coircct composition of whit has been
called mercund/ ammonium chloride,
Hg(NH3),Cl2 (Rammelsberg, J pr (2)
38 558)

Decomp by hot H2O Sol in acids, even
HC^HgOjj+Aq Not decomp by cold, but
by boiling KOH-f \q (Weyl )

Sol in warm, less in cold NH4OH+Aq
(Mitscherhch )

Sol in KI, or Na2S203+Aq, with evolution
of NH3 (Balestra )

Sol in 10% HN05, H2S04 and acetic
acid (Hofmann and Marburg, A 1899,
306 198)

Z>imercunammonium mercuric chlonde,
2NHg2Cl, HgCl2

Insol m, and not decomp by boiling HsO,
alkahes,cdnc HN08,ordil H2S04+Aq Sol
m boiling HCl+Aq (Mitscherhch, J pr
19 453)

SI decomp by H20, readily by KOH+Aq
(Gaudechon, A ch 1911, (8) 22 212 )

Ppt Sol in HBr (Ray, Proc Chem
Soc 1902, 18 86)

^ — chlonde ammonia, NHg2Cl, HNHs
Decomp by water and by NH4OH+Aq
(Gaudechon, A ch 1911, (8) 22 212 )

— chromate

See Oxydmercimammomiim chromate

— hydroxide, NHg2OH

Takes up H20 to form NHg2OH+H20 or
(NHg2OH2)OH, oxyefomercunainmotaium hy-
droxide, which also see

Sol in warm HC1 or HN03+Aq

lodate, NHg2I03, 2NH4IO3

Insol in HNO3 (Rammelsberg, J pr (2)
38 568)

— iodide, NHg2I

Insol m H20 Sol m HCl+Aq De-
comp by boiling with KOH+Aq or KC1+
Aq (Weyl, Pogg 121 601) Decomp
by hot KI, or Na2S203+Aq (Balestra )

Decomp by dilute HC1 Sol in ammon-
ium salts +Aq (Franklin, Z anorg 1905,
46 21)

+H20 See Oxy^mercunammonium
iodide

• ammonium iodide, NHg2l, 3NH4I

Correct composition of mercun^ammon-
mm iodide, Hg(NH3)2I2 (Pesci, Gazz ch it
20 4S5 )

3NHg2I, 8NH4I, 4HgI2 Correct formula
for mercurir/iammomum mercuric iodide,
Hg(NH,),I2, Hgl. (Pesci)

nitrate, NHg2N08

Insol in H20 (RammoLbtrg, I pi (2)
38 566)

Sol in KI, or Ni2S 03+Aq, with evolution
ofNH3 (Balestri, Gazz ch it 22,2 560)

+H2O (Hofmann and Marburg, A 1899,
305 212)

SI sol m HN03 (Ray, Z anorg 1902,
33 209)

— • — ammonium nitrate, NHg2N03 NH4NO3
+H20

Correct formula for mercunammomum
nitrate, NH2HgN03+^H2O (Pesci, Gazz
ch it 20 485)

NHg2N03, 2NH4N03 +2H2O Correct for-

488

MERCURIAMMONIUM OXYMERCUBIAMMONIUM NITRATE

Mercuriaminonium oxyt

nitrate, 3HgO, 2NHS, N266=*NH2HgNO3
(NHg2OH2)N03+H20
Decomp by boihng with H20, which dis-
solves out NH4NO3 Sol in NH4NO3-f-Aq
containing NH4OH (Mitscherlich )

Is ^mercuriammonium ammonium ni-
trate, SNHgaNOs, NH4N03-f2H2O (Pesci,
Gazz ch it 20 485)

JVC firctffiiftm nixymijTTfi oyyf??-T^erc<urift^^ ^^ ^TT^TT^^
sulphate, dSTH2Hg)2S04,
3(NHg2OH2)2S04

Boiling H20 dissolves out H2S04 Gradu-
ally decomp by boiling ICOH+Aq Com-
pletely sol in NH4Cl-f Aq Sol in cone or
dil HC1, or very dil H2S04+Aq Insol m
cone or dil HN03-fAq or cone H»S04
(Schneider )

Correct formula is 7(NHgjJ)2S04, (NH4)2S04
-f-12H20, rf?mercunammomum ammonium
sulphate (Pesci, Gazz ch it 20 485 )

Mercun^ammonitun chloride (fusible

white precipitate), Hg(NH8) C12
Is rhmercuriammomum ammonium chlo-
ride, Hg2NCl, 3NH4C1, which see (Ram-
melsberg J pr 38 558 )

Mercunr^ammomum mercuric chloride,
Hg(NH3)2Cl2, HgCl

Insol in H20, but gradually decomp by
boiling therewith (Rose, Pogg 20 158 )

Partly sol in H 0 (Kane )

Mercuri^ammomum iodide, Hg(NH3)2I2
H 0 extracts all the NH3 Partly sol m

little alcohol Partly sol in ether without

decomp (Nessler )

Correct composition is r/?mercunammon-

mm ammonium iodide, NHgJ, 3NHJ

(Pesci, Gazz ch it 20 485 )

Mercury/ /ammonium cupnc iodide, 4NH3,
CuI2, Hglj

Decomp by II 0 Sol in alcohol 4-
HCH302 aorgenscn, J pr (2) 2 347)

2Hg(NH3) I Cui (Dccomp by H O
(Jbrgensen )

Mercuri'// ammonium iodide, Hg(N"JTj) I
Decomp by H/) Partly so] in a little

alcohol Partly sol in cthor (Nosslor )
Correct composition is r/?morouriammon-

lum ammonium iodide NTI& I, 3N"ir4I

(Pesci )

Mercundiammomum mercuric iodide,
Hg(NH8)2, HgI2, or NH8, HgI2

Decomp by H20 or dil icids (Caillot
and Cornol, T Pharm 9 3S1 )

Correct composition is r//morcunimmon-
mm ammonium mercuiic iodide, 3NIIg2I,
8NH4I, 4HgI (Pesci, Gaz? ch it 20
485)

Mercun^ammomum sulphate, Hg(NH8)2SO4

Decomp with H20

Does not exist (Pesci, Gazz ch it 20
485)

H-H80 Decomp, by H20 Easily sol in
HC1, very dil H2S04-f-Aq, or HN03+Aq
Insol in cone HN03+Aq Sol m(NH4)2S04
+Aq or NH4Cl-f Aq Decomp by KOH+
Aq (Schneider, J pr 75 136 )

Correct composition is (NHg )2S04,
3 (NH4) 2S04 +12H20, of?mercuriammonium
ammonium sulphate (Pesci )

7)4mercunammomum acetate,

NHg2C2H802

Insol in H20 or alcohol Sol in HC1 01
NH4CoH802-|-Aq (Balestra, Gazz ch it
22, 2 563 )

Danercunammonium ammonium acetate

NHg2C2H8O2, 3NH4C2H302+H20
Deliquescent, sol m a little H20 without
decomp , but decomp into NEfeCaHsC^ anc
NH4C2H802 by excess of H20 (Balestra ]

- arsenate, NHg2H2As04
(Hirzel, Zeit Pharm 1853 3 )

- bromate, NHg2BrO3+l^H2O
Ppt (Rammelsberg, Pogg 55 82 )
Is oxy<7impTCunammonmm brotnato,

(NH2Hg 0)Br03

- bromide, N"Hg2Br

Insol m H 0 or HNO, Sol in HCl + \q
(Pesci, Gazz ch it 19 509 )

Sol in KI, or NTa S Oa+Aq with ovolutior
of NH3 (Balcstri, Ga/z ch it 22, 2 5r>S

Sol m ammomacal solutions of immonmn
salts and m aq acids (Franklin I \m
Chem Soc 1905, 27 830 )

- ammonium bromide, Nllg Br, NII4Hr
Docomp byllO (Pesci, G 177 <h it 19

r)ll )

4NHgjBr, 5NlI4Br Dccomp 1» IK)
Insol in (IVTl4)^CO3-fAq Sol in < onr o
dil TECl+Aq Insol mllNOj+Aq (Prsd

NItg2Br, ?NTI£4Br Docomp In IT O
I asily sol in I[Cl-J-\q Tnsol in iNohol
(Pesci )

Sol in NII4Br, NF[4C1I, or NF[J-hVq
sol in M,

(Rav

— mercunc bromide, 2NFIg Br,
Ppt Sol in HBr and in HCl

Chem Soc 1902, 81 G40 )

— carbonate, (NHg2)2C034-2H2O

Ppt Not decomp by KOH+Aq, bu
easily by K2S, or Kl-f Aq (Rammohberg
J pr (2) 38 567 )

490

MERCURIAMMONIUM NITRITE

mula for oxy^mercuriammomum ammonium
nitrate. (NHg2OH2)N03, 2NE4N03+E20
(Pesci ) ,_ . ,

NHg2N03, 3NH4NO3 Decomp by cold
H2O. sol in NH4OH-fAq (Pesci )

3NHg2N08, NH4NO8 +2E2O Correct for-
mula for mercuriamnionium oxy^?mercunam-
momum nitrate, NH2HgN08, (NHg2OH2)N03
+H20 (Pesci )

Z)imercimammonium nitrite, NHg2N02
Readily sol in warm HC1 or HBr (R&y,

Chem Soc 1902, 81 648 )

+^H*0 Ppt Sol in HC1 (Ray, Proc

Chem Soc 1902, 18 85 )

+H20 (Hofmann and Marburg, A 1899,

305 214)

oxide, (NHgs)20

Slowly decomp by H20 Sol in HCL or
HNOa+Aq Decomp by hot KOH, or KC1
+Aq (Weyl, Pogg 121 601 )

Sol in KCN+Aq by heating 4-5 hours
at 130° Not completely sol in HC1 owing
to formation of Hg2Cl2 (Gaudechon, C R
1907, 144 1419 )

phosphate, (NHgo)2P04, 2NHg2OH+

1ATT f\

sberg, J pr (2) 38 567 )
miercunainmoruum phosphate

ammonium sahcylate,

2NHg2C6H4OHCOo, 5NH4C6H4OHCO2

Decomp by H20 Sol in NH4C2H302,
HC1, or KI+Aq (Balestra )

selenate, (NHg)2SeO4+2HoO

Ppt Insol in H20, sol in NH4OH-f-Aq
(Cameron and Davy, C N 44 63 )

sulphate, (NHg2)2S04+2H20

Insol in H20 Easily sol in HCl+Aq

(Rammelsberg, J pr (2) 38 565) Sol

(Kane), insol (Hirzel) in HN08+Aq
Sol in KI, or Na S2O3+Aq with evolution

of NH3 (Balestra )

+H2O Insol in H20, sol in HC1 (R£y,

Chem Soc 1905, 87 9 )

ammonium sulphate, (NHg2)2S04,

3(NH4)2S04+4H20

Correct formula for mercurirfzammomum
sulphate, 2NH3, HgO, S03+H20 (Pesci,
Gazz ch it 20 485)

5(NHg2)2S04, 14(NH4)2SO4+16H20
(Pesci )

7(NHg2)2S04, (NH4)2SO4+12H20 Cor-
rect formula for mercuriammonium oxyd?mer-
curiammonium sulphate, (NHg H2)2S04,
3(NHg2OH2)2S04 (Pesci )

Dimercunammomum tartrate,
(NHg2)2C4H406+2HH20
Insol in H20 "Sol in HCL KL Na2S20«,
NH4C2H302, or (NHO'CJSA+Aq (Bal-
estra, Gazz ch it 22, 2 563 )

ammonium tartrate, 2(NHg2)2C4H408,

(jmOsCJHA+HsO

As above (B )

Tnmercunanunomum sulphate,

(NHg2)(NHgH2)S04+2H20
Decomp by H20 (Millon )
Does not exist (Pesci, Gazz ch it 20

485)

Dtmercunarsonitim mercuric chloride,

AsHg3Cl3=AsHg2Cl, HgCl2
Decomp by H2O Decomp by warm
HN03-J-Aq (Rose, Pogg 51 423 )

Mercunmidosulphomc acid,

(H03S)4N2Hg
Very unstable (Berglund, B 9 256 )

Barium mercttrunidosulphonate,
Ba2(S03)4N2HgH-5H20

(Ber^lund, B 9 256 )

Cadmium , Cd2HgN2(S03)4+12H20

Unstable, si sol in H20 (Berglund, Bull
Soc (2) 25 452 )

Cobalt , Co2HgN2(SO3)4-f 15H20

Sol m H20 (B )

Copper , Cu2HgN2(S03)4+15H20

Very sol m H20 (B )

Magnesium , Mg2HgN2(SO3)4-f 15H20

Very sol in H20 (B )

Manganous , Mn2HgN2(S03)4+10H20

Unstable (B )

Mercuric , (Hg20)2HgN2(SO3)4

Nearly insol in H20 (B )

Nickel—, NisHgNs(SO,)4+15H2O

(B)

Potassium , (K03S)4N2Hg+4H2O

Precipitate (Raschig, A 241 161 )

-, (AgS03)2(KS03)2HgN2

Potassium silver -

+3H20
SI sol mHoO (Berglund)

Sodium , (NaSO3)4HgN2+5H2O

More sol in H20 than K salt (Berglund )

Strontium , Sr2(S03)4HgN2+15H2O

More sol than Ba salt (B )

MERCURY

491

Zinc mercurimidosulphonate,
Zn2(S03)4HgN2+15H20
Very sol in H20 (B )

Z^mercunphosphonium mercuric bro-
mide, 2PHg2Br, HgBr2
(Lemoult, C R 1907, 145 1176 )

jD^mercunphosphomum mercuric chloride
HgCl2, PHg2Cl

(Lemoult C R 1907, 146 1176 )
+1 J£H20 Decomp by hot, slowly by
cold H20 into Hg,HCl,andH3P03 Decomp
by acids or alkalies (Rose, Pogg 40 75 )

Dmercunphosphonmm mercuric iodide,
HgI2, PHg2I

Slowly decomp by cold or warm H20
quickly by MOH+Aq Not attacked by
HC] .or H2S04+Aq Rapidly attacked by
HNO3 and aqua regia (Lemoult, C R
1904, 139 479 )

i)«mercunph.osphomum

mercuric nitrate,

^ 1

3;2J,

(Rose, Pogg 40 75 )

oruum mercuric sulphate,

Dimercunp
P2Hgs, 6

3HgS04, 2HgO+4H20
Sol in aqua regia CRose, Pogg 40 75 )

Mercuric acid

Calcium mercurate (?)
(BerthoUet, A ch 1 61 )

Potassium mercurate, K20, 2HgO

Gradually decomp by H20, less rapidly by
absolute alcohol (St Meumer, C R 60
557)

Sodium mercurate, Na20, HgO
(Bettekoff, Bull Soc (2) 34 328 )

Mercuro ammonium chloride,

Hg(NH3)Cl
(Rose, Pogg 20 158 )

Mixture of Hg, HgNH2Cl, and NH4C1
(Barfoed, J pr (2) 39 201 )

- nitrate, (NHg2H2)N03, "Hahnemann's
soluble mercury "

Sol in hot HC1, and HC2H,02-j-Aq De-
comp by NH4OH+Aq, or NH4 salts 4- Aq
Probably mixture of mercurous salts and Hg

Mercuro^ammomum chloride,

Hg2(NH3)2Cl2

Easily decomp (Rose, Pogg 20 158 )
Mixture of Hg. NH2HgCl, and NH4C1
(Barfoed, J pr (2) 39 201 )

Mercurod? ammonium fluoride.
Hg2(NH3)2F2 (?)

Decomp by H20 (Fmkener, Pogg 110
147)

Mercurosulphomc acid

Mercurosulphonates, Hg(SO3M)2

Correct composition for the double sul-
phites, HgSO3, M2SOS (Divers and Shimid-
zu, Chem Soc 49 583, Barth, Z phys Ch
9 195)

Mercuroxy-comps
See Oxymercur- comps

Mercury, Hg

Not attacked by H20 Not attacked by
boiling cone HC1 or dil H2S04+Aq Easily
sol in dil or cone HN08+Aq, also in HBr
or HI+Aq

Nofc attacked by pure HNO8 unless heated,
but readily attacked by cold dil HNO8+Aq
containing NO (Millon )

Anhydrous H2SO* attacks Hg gradually
at ord temp (Berthelot, C R 1897, 125
749)

HoSC>4 attacks only when hot and cone
(Ditte, A ch 1890, (6) 19 68 )

Cone H S04 does not attack dry or moist
Hg either with or without air (Pitman, J
Am Chem Soc 1898, 20 100 )

H2S04 attacks Hg at 20° if it contains
997%, does not attack if it contains only
956% (Baskerville, J Am Chem Soc
1898,20 515)

Insol in H S03+Aq alone or in presence
of HC1 or dil H2S04 (Berthelot, A ch
1898, (7) 14 198 )

Not attacked by HF-j-Aq at any temp
(Gay-Lussac )

HI dissolves Hg rapidly at ord temp
Norris and Cottrell, Am Ch J 1896, 18
99)

Moie rapidly attacked by HBr-f-Aq than
by HCl+Aq Rapidly acted upon by HI in
absence of 0 (Bailej , Chem Soc 1888, 63
r60)

Not attacked by pure HCl+Aq, but in
presence of 0, Hg2OCl +H->O is formed
Action is apparently less in sunlight than in
the dark (Bailey, Chem Soc 1888, 53 759 )

Small amts of ferric salts hinder action
of HN08 on Hg, but it is hastened bv pres-
ence of Mn(N03)2 or NaNO8 (Rav, Chem
Soc 1911, 99 1015)

HN08 under 33% does not attack Hg if
metal and acid are kept in motion and HNO2
s absent (Veley, B 1*95, 28 928 )

Rapidly sol m HC10 (Balard, Dissert
1834)

Alkali chlorides +^q in presence of air
iecomp Hg, action is not increased by heat
Miahle )

Insol in alkali chlorides -f-Aq in neutral or

492

MERCUROUS ACETYLIDE

alkalrae solution (Bhaduri, Z anorg 1897,
13 407)

Very sol in cone solution of I in KI-f-Aq
(Varet, Bull Soc 1897, (3) 17 451 )

Slowly sol in KC1 or KI-h4q in presence
of air (Palmaer, Z phys Ch 1907, 59 136 )

Slowly sol in NajS-fAq in presence of air
(Palmaer, Z phys Ch 1907. 59 137 )

Hg is appreciably sol in the sulpho salts of
Mo, W, V, As, Sb and Sn (Storch, B 1883,
16 2015)

Persulphates in alkali or neutral solution
attack Hg (NH4)2S208 in NH4OH solution
has strongest action This dissolves Hg by
repeated shaking at high temp (Tarugi,
Gazz ch it 1903, 33, (1) 127 )

Insol in KCN+Aq (Elmer, J pr 1888,
(2) 37 442 )

Slowly sol in KCN+Aq in presence of air
(Palmaer, Z phys Ch 1907, 59 136 )

Sol in considerable quantity in 6% KCN +
Aq (Goyder, C N 1894, 69 268 )

Most sol in K4Fe(CN)6-|-Aq when KOH
is present (Smith, J Am Chem Soc 1905,
27 544)

Hg dissolves in Br2 in the presence of KBr
si faster than in I2 but in CuBr2 much more
slowly (Van Name and Edgar, Am J Sci
1910, (4) 29 255 )

Not attacked by PC13 even at 350°
(Moissan, A ch 1885 (6) 6 457 )

Insol m liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 S2Q )

H ccm oleic acid dissolves 00075 g Hg
in 6 days (Gates, J phys Chem 1911, 15
143)

Mercurous acetykde, Hg2C2+H20

(Burkard and Travers, Chem Soc 1902,
81 1271)

Mercuric acetylide, basic, 2HgO, 3HgC2+
2H20

(Burkard and Travers, Chem Soc 1902.
81 1272)

Mercuric acetylide, HgC2

Very sol in HC1 with evolution of H2C2
(Keiser, Am Ch J 1893, 15 535 )

-f-VsHaO Insol in H20, alcohol and ether
Sol m NH4 acetate+Aq, and in KCN-f-Aq
SI attacked by cold HC1, easily by hot
Easily sol in HN03 Dil H2S04 attacks
slowly, cone causes explosion (Plimpton
and Travers, Chem Soc 1894, 65 2b7 )

Mercuric acetylide chloride, HgC2, HgCl2 +

Not acted upon by dil HC1 Decomp by

fuming HNOs or aqua regia Insol m al-

cohol and ether (Keiser, Am Ch J 1893,
15 53S)

Mercuric acetylide mercuromercunc chloride,

HgCo, HgCl, HgCl2+H20
Insol m all ordinary solvents (Biltz and
Mumm, B 1904, 37 4420 )

Mercurous amidofluoride, HgNH2F
Insol m H20, HN03 and H2S04 Sol ir

dil HC1
Probably ^mercuriammomum ammonium

fluoride, NHg2F, NH4F (Bdhm, Z anorg

1904, 43 327 )

Mercury ammonium comps
See—

Mercuroammomum comps , NH8HgR
D anercuroamm omum comps , NH2Hg2R
Mercurous chloramide, Hg(NH2)Cl
Dutnercunammomum comps , NHgR

Mercunc chlor-, brom-, etc , amide,
Hg(NH2)R

Mercurtcfoamrn omum comps , Hg(NHs)2R
Mercunammonitun comps , HgNH2R
Dzmercund? ammonium comps , Hg2N2H4R
Trimercunammomum comps , N2H2Hg8R

Oxydmercunammonium comps ,
(NH2Hg20)R

Mercurous arsinchlonde, AsHgCJ

Decomp by H20 (Capitame, J Pharm
25 559)

Mercurous arsinchlonde chloride, AsHg2Cla

-2AsHgCl, HgoCl2 (?)
Decomp by H20 (Capitame )

Mercurous azoimide, HgN3

Wholly insol in H20 (Curtms, B 24
3324)

1 1 H20 dissolves 025 g (Wohler and
Krupko, B 1913 46 2050 )

Mercunc azoimide, HgN6

Sol in H20 especially when hot (Ber
thelot and Vieille, Bull Soc 1894, (3) 11
747)

Moderately sol m H20 (Wdhler and
Krupko, B 1913, 46 2050 )

Mercunc bromamide, Hg(NH2)Br

Insol in H20 and alcohol &1 sol in
NH4OH+Aq (Mitscherhch, J pr 19 455 )

Correct composition is ^mercuriammon-
lum ammonium bromide, Hg2NBr, NH4Br,
which see (Pesci, Gazz ch it 19 511)

Mercurous bromide, Hg2Br2

Solubility m H20=91xl0-7 g equiv
perl (Bodlander, Z phys Ch 1898,27 61)

Solubility m H2O =7X10-8 mols per
liter at 25° (Shernll, Z phys Ch 193, 430
735 )

MERCURIC BROMIDE

493

Solubility in H20 at 25° =- 1 4XHH equiva-
lents per 1 (Thompson, J Am Chem Soc
1906, 28 762 )

Insol m HoO and dil acids Decomp by
HCl+Aq Sol ni hot cone H2S04 with
evolution of SO2 SI sol in hot HNOs+Aq
of 1 42 sp gr (Stromann, B 20 2818 )

Decomp mto Hg and HgBr2 by boiling
with NH4Br, or NH4Cl+Aq, also by am-
monium carbonate or succmate, but not by
ammonium sulphate or nitrate ('Witt-
stein )

Sol in Hg(N08)2+Aq (Wackenroder, A
41 317)

Partially decomp by alkali chlorides +Aq,
when out of contact of air this decomp is
slight and HgBr2 is formed, while in the air
HgCl2 is the resulting product Much more
rapidly decomp m hot than cold solutions
(Miahle, A ch (3) 5 177 )

A solution of HgBr in 0 1— N KBr contains
about 1 mg Hg ions m 1300 1

Insol in alcohol

Insol in benzomtrile (Naumann, B
1914,47 1370)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1909,42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann.
B 1910,43 314)

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329), (Eidmann, C C 1899,11 1014)

Mercuric bromide, HgBr2

Sol in 250 pts HaO at ordinary temp and 2o pts
boiling H O (Wittstem ) Sol m 240 pts H20 at
18 75° (Abl )

Sol in 94 pts H2O at 9°, and in 4-5 pts at
100° (Lassaigne, J cmm me*d 12 177 )

Solubility in g-eqmvalents per litre =
2X10-2 (Bodlandei, Z phys Ch 1898, 27
61)

1 1 H2O dissolves about 4 g at ord temp
(Morse, Z phys Ch 1902, 41 731 )

1 1 H2O dissolves 0 017 mol at 25° (Jan-
der, Dissert 1902 )

Solubility m HO at 25° = 0017 mol
liter (Shernll, Z phys Ch 1903, 43
735)

Solubility it ord temp =08%, at bpt =
g_9% (Larme, J Pharm 1904, (6) 20
450)

Solubility m cold H20=4%, but solution
prepared by heating contains more Hg on
account of decomp into HBr ind oxybrom-
ide (Vic mo, C C 1907,11 1224)

1 1 II/) dissolves about 5-6 g at ord
(Gaudcclion, A ch 1911, (8) 22

aqueous solution at 25° contains 0 Ol1/
(Herz and Paul Z anorg 1913, 83

temp
212)

1 1
mol
431)

Decomp by warm HN03, or H2S04-fAq
Sol in warm H2S04 (Ditte, A ch (5)
17 124 )

1 mol is sol m 1 mol warm HI+Aq m
1 mol cold cone HC1 and m Vz mol hoi
cone HC1 (Ldwig)

Solubility of HgBr2 in KBr+Aq at 25°

Mo Is per liter

KBr

0

0 05
0 10
0 5
0 866
2
3
4

HgBr

0 017
0 055
0 088
0 0359

0 611

1 407

2 096
2 339

(Shernll, Z phys Ch 1903, 43 705 )
Solubility m various salts+Aq at 25°

Salt

NaBr

KBr

CaBr

SrBr2

BaBi

In 10 com of the solution

Milhmols Hg Br Milhmols salt

0 17

0 78

2 85

5 40

12 76

15 50

23 06

0 17

0 98

4 72

13 60

19 30

0 17

1 17
b 76

13 58
27 66
36 66

0 17

1 04
4 71
9 02

17 70
22 38

0 17
3 70

5 40

7 59

14 78

0

1 18
5 96
11 42
24 48
29 97
52 46

0

2 09

7 70

23 SO

34 70

0

0 72

6 45

18 92

24 79

37 54

0

0 62
3 28
6 68

14 01

15 72

0

2 74

3 96
5 79

10 96

(Herz and Paul, Z anorg 1913,82 434)

Solubility m 0 1 -N Hg(N08)2+Aq is about
20 g per liter (Morse, Z phys Ch 1902,
41 731)

Sol m KBr or NaBr+Aq
Dissert 1902)

Solubility in 10 cc Br2+ A.q at 25'
Milhmol Br2 0 753 1 797
" Hg 0 1844 0 1947

(Jander,

2 231
0 2120

(Herz and Paul, Z anorg 1914, 85 215 )

494

MERCUBIC BROMIDE

Sat solution m hquid S02 contains about
1 5% HgBr2 at 159 4° (Niggh, Z anorg
1912, 75 182 ) TT , _,
Moderately sol in liquid NH8 (C*ore,
Am Ch J 1898, 20 829 )
Sol in AlBr8 (Isbekow, Z anorg 1913,
84 27 )
1 com of sat solution in abs alcohol at
ord temp contains 0 0958 g HgBr2, at bpt
contains 0 1262 g (Hamper, Ch Z 1887, 11
905)

Solubility of HgBr2 in alcohols+Aq at t°

Solubility of HgBr2 in ethyl alcohol +Aq at 25°
P=g alcohol in 100 g alcohol +Aq
HgBr2=miUimols HgBr2 m 10 cc of the
solution

P

HgBra

Sp gr

0
20 18
40 69
70 01
100

0 167

0 187
0 440
1 829
6 337

1 0022
0 9717
0 9435
0 9214
0 9873

(Herz and Anders )

Solubility in mixtures of methyl and propyl
alcohol at 25°
p = % propyl alcohol m the solvent
G— g HgBr2 in 10 com of the solution
S=Sp gr of the sat solution

Alcohol

t°

G HgBrjper
100 g alcohol

Methyl alcohol

0
10
19
22
39
65
97

41 15
4)9 5
66 3
60 9
71 3
90 8
139 1

P

G

S 25°/4°

0
11 11
23 8
65 2
91 8
93 75
96 6
100

5 02

4 728
4 153
2 530
1 635
1 586
1 466
1 873

1 227
1 1954
1 1524
1 0257
0 9437
0 9368
0 9275
0 9213

Ethyl alcohol

0
10
19
39
65
89

25 2
26 3
29 7
31 9
44 5
66 9

(Herz and Kuhn, Z anorg 1908, 60 158 )

Solubility in mixtures of ethyl and propyl
alcohol at 25°
P = % propyl alcohol m the solvent
G=g HgBr2 in 10 ccm of the solution
S = Sp gr of the sat solution

„ alcohol

0
10
19
39
65
86 5

14 6
15 6
15 5
208
31 3
42 7

P

G

S 25 /4°

Isobutyl alcohol

0
10
23
39
65

4 61
5 63
6 65
9 58
15 80

0

8 1
17 85
56 6
88 6
91 2
95 2
100

2 28
2 225
2 106
1 763

1 476
1 464
1 406
1 378

0 9S73
0 9802
0 9740
0 9487
0 92b9
0 9239
0 9227
0 9213

(Tunofeiew, Dissert 1894 )

Much more sol than HgI2 m alcohol
100 g of solution sat at 0° contain 13 33-
13 05 g HgBr2, 16 53 g at 25°, 22 63 g at
50° (Bonders, Z phys Ch 1900, 32 522 )

Solubility of HgBr2 in methyl alcohol H-Aq at
25°
P=g alcohol m 100 g alcohol +Aq
HgBr2 = milhmols HgBr2 m 10 cc of the
solution

(Herz and Kuhn, Z anorg 1908, 60 161 )

Solubility of HgBr2 in mixtures of m< thyl and
ethyl alcohol at 25°
P = % methvl alcohol in the mixtures
HgBr2 =g HgBr2 m 10 ccm of the solution
S25°4°=sp gr of the sat solution

P

HgBr2

fc32j /4

0
4 37
10 4
41 02
80 69
84 77
91 25
100

2 28
2 31
2 54
3 33
4 57
4 68
4 86
5 02

0 9873
0 9932
1 009
1 080
1 185
1 193
1 211
1 227

P HgBr2 Sp gr P HgBrj Sp gr

0 0 167 1 0022 47 06 0 700 0 9401
10 60 0 201 0 9857 64 00 1 90 0 9386
30 77 0 358 0 9588 78 05 4 07 0 9744
37 21 0 422 0 9508 100 13 96 1 2275

(Herz and Anders, Z anorg 1907, 52 165 )

(Herz and Kuhn, Z anorg 1908, 68 163 )

MERCURIC SODIUM BROMIDE

495

Cold safe solution in anhydrous ether con-
tains 0 00567 g in 1 cc , hot solution contains
0 032 g (Hampe, Ch Z 1887, 11 905 )
Solubility in organic solvents at 18°-20°
100 g chloroform dissolve 0 126 g HgBr2
100 g tetrachlormethane dissolve 0 003 g
HgBr2

100 g bromof orm dissolve 0 679 g HgBr*
100 g ethyl bromide dissolve 2310 g
HgBr2
100 g ethylene dibromide dissolve 2 340 g

(Sulc, Z anorg 1900, 25 401 )

Solubility in CS2 at t°

Mols
HgBr2
per 100

s

Mols
HgBr2
per 100

S

Mols
HgBr
per 100

S

t°

100 pts sat solution contain
pts HgBr2

4 9
10
12 5
14 9
19 7
23 4

9°
43 5
57
68
89
106

25 4

33 9
39 5
41 9
43 9
46 2

1155°
117
108
113
118
121

49 6
54 9
58 8
64 0

123
124
134
133

—10
5
0
H- 5
10
15
20
25
30

0 049
0 068
0 087
0 105
0 122
0 140
0 187
0 232
0 274

(Staronka, Anz Ak Wiss Krakau, 1910, 372 )
Solubility of HgBr2 in quinolme

(Arctowski, Z anorg 1894, 6 267 )

100 g boiling methyl acetate (bpt 56 2-
56 7°) dissolves 24 g HgBr2 (Schroeder and
Sterner, J pr 1909, (2) 79 49 )

1 g HgBr2 is sol m 4 56 g methyl acetate
at 18° Sp gr 18°/4° of sat solution = 1 09
(Naumann, B 1909, 42 3795 )

100 g anhydrous ethyl acetate or sat
with H2O at 18° dissolve 1305-135 g
HgBr2 (Hamers, Dissert 1906 )

Solubility of HgBr2 in ethyl acetate +Aq at
25°

P = g ethyl acetate in 100 g ethyl acetate
+Aq

HgBr2 = millimols HgBr2 m 10 cc of the
solution

p

I^Br;

Sp gr

0
4 39
96 76
100

0 167
0 159
7 42
3 93

1 0022
1 0018
1 1159
1 0113

(Herz and Anders, Z anorg 1907,52 172)

1 pt HgBr2 sol m 7 66 pts ethyl acetate
at 18° (Naumann, B 1910, 43 315 )

Easily sol m acetone (Oppenheim, B 2
572)

Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014)

Acetone dissolves much more HgBr2
than HgI2 100 g sat solution at 25° con-
tain 3458 g HgBr2 (Reinders, Z phys
Ch 1900,32 514)

Solubility in diethyl oxalate is much greater
than that of HgI2 and is equal to 12% at
100° (Reinders, Z phys Ch 1900, 32 507 )

Solubility m benzene =00194 mol per
1 at 25° (SherriU, Z phys Ch 1903, 43
735 )

Sol in aHyl mustard oil (Mathews, J
phys Chem 1905, 9 647 )

Sol in benzomtrile (Naumann. B 1914,
47 1369)

Solubility in aniline
S=temp of solidification

S=temp of solidification

Mols HgBr2

per 100 44 89 14 3 17 6

S 88° 111° 127° 134°

(Staronka, Anz Wiss Krakau, 1910 372 )

Mol weight determined in eth^l sulphide
(Werner, Z anorg 1897, 15 30 )
+4H20 (Thomsen )

Mercuric perbromide, HgBr4

(Heiz and Paul, Z anorg 1914, 85 216 )

Mercuric hydrogen bromide (Bromomercunc

acid), HgBr2, HBr = HHgBr3
Decomp by H20 (Neumann, M 10 236 )

Mercuric nickel bromide, basic, HgBr2,

NiBr2, 6NiO+20H20
(Mailhe, A ch 1902, (7) 27 369 )

Mercuric platinum bromide
See Bromoplatinate, mercuric

Mercuric potassium bromide, HgBr2, KBr
Sol mH20,butdecomp by a large amount,

with separation of one half of the HgBr2 (v

Bonsdorff, Pogg 19 339 )
2HgBr2, KBr+2H2O Permanent Sol m

H20 and alcohol (v Bonsdorff )

Mercuric sodium bromide, HgBr2, NaBr
Deliquescent (v Bonsdorff )
(Varet, C R 1890, 111, 527 )

496

MERCURIC SODIUM BROMIDE

HgBr2, 2NaBr

Very sol in H20 (Vicano, J Pham
1907, (6) 26 145 ) ^ ,

2HgBr2, NaBr+3H20 Sol in H20 and
alcohol (Berthemot )

Mercunc strontium bromide, HgBr2, SrBr2
Sol in aU proportions of H20 (Ldwig,

Mag Pharm 33 7 )
2HgBr2, SrBr2 Decomp by H20 nito

HgBr2 and HgBr , SrBr2 (Ldrag )

Mercuric zinc bromide

Deliquescent in moist air (v Bonsdorff )

Mercuric zinc bromide cyanide ammonia
See Cyanide zinc bromide ammonia, mer-
curic

Mercuric bromide ammonia, HgBr2, 2NH8

Decomp by boiling H20 Sol in min

acids and acetic acid (Naumann, B 1910,

43 316)

Mercuric bromide cadmium oxide,
HgBr2, CdO-f H20
tfailhe, A ch 1902, (7) 27 371 )

Mercunc bromide cupnc oxide,

HgBr2, CuO+3H20
(Mailhe, Bull Soc 1901, (3) 25 791 )

Mercunc bromide hydrazine, HgBr2,

(Hofmann and Marburg, A 1899, 305
215)

Mercuric bromide potassium chlonde,

HgBr2, 2KC1

Decomp by H20 (Harth, Z anorg
1897, 14 345)

Mercunc bromide zinc oxide, HgBr2, ZnO-f-

8H20
(Mailhe, C R 1901, 132, 1274 )

Mercunc bromoiodide, HgBrI

Sol in alcohol and ether Can be reciystol-
hsed from ether without decomp (Oppen-
heim, B 2 571 )

Mercurous chloramide, Hg2(NH2)Cl
Insol in boilmg H20 or NH4OH+Aq

(Kane, A ch (2) 72 215 )
Mixture of Hg and HgNH2Cl (Barfoed,

J pr (2), 39 201 )

Mercunc chloramide, Hg(NHJCl

Composition is r&mercuriamiaonium tfn
momum chloride, Hg2NCl, NH4C1, ^ ich
see

Mercunc chloramide oxymercunammo am
chlonde, 4Hg(NH )C1, (NHg2OH 01
(Millon )

Correct composition is di mercuriammo un

ammonium chloride, NHg2Cl, NH4C1, T\ ich
see (Balestra, Gazz ch it 21 (2) 294

Hg(NH,)Cl, (NHg2OH2)Cl (Mifloj i

True composition is rfomeicunammo] im

mercuric chlonde, 2Hg2NCl, HgCl2+] 0,

or ^mercurnmmonium hydrogen chic de*
NHg2Cl,HCl (Balestra)

Mercunc chloramide chlonde, Hg(NH 31,
HgCl2

Properties as mei curie chloramide )e-
comp by cold HCl+Aq (Millon )

True composition is r/anci cunammoi im
hydrogen chlonde, NHg Cl. 2HC1 »a-
lestra, Gazz ch it 21 (2) 294 )

Mercunc chloramide chromate,

2Hg(NH )C1, HgCi04
Docomp bj hot II20 I1 isil\ sol in H 08
or HCl+Aq (Jigti and Kniss, B 22 2C ?)

Mercurous chloride, Ilg Cl

Almost absolute!} msol in cold, but gi u
ally si dccornp b^ boiling IE ( )

Calculated from cleotucal conductivit of

Hg2Cl2+Aq, 11 II O dissolves ^ 1 mg Hg J12

at 18° (Kohlrausch and Iloso. Z phys h
12 241 )

I 1 H20 dissolves 2 ms Jfg Cl at °
(JKohliiUbfh, Z plus ( h !<)()} 50 ^5b )

I 1 II 0 dissoh < s 11 in^ \i 0 r> 21 mp it
18°, 28 m^ it 2! (>° 7 ing if 1 >° (K 1
ruisfh,/ ph>s ( h 1<)(^ 64 1 >())

\\h(n findv (li\id((l is l()(r IIIOK sol t in

when «)iis<h (rvstilhiK iSuni Z pi s
Ch W)\ 47 1S1 )

Solubility mil O = 0 SX 10 ' K mol (I jr,
Z Elektrochcm 1904, 10 ^01 )

SI sol \vith (Iccoinp in boilm,., }[() e

rom in, 20 urn ILO iHoKlin^ 000-2 r
HgCl ifttr boiling 1 limit \\iHi JEp;1

ialik, A (h (5) 5 17<» ) IL^fNOj) ^

Aq cant lining 1 pt ir^(Nf(){) to 250, >0

pts H 0 give ppt of Jfo ( 1 with IIU-h 1

3ol with d(comp in tone I[(l + Aq, )t

HNOj-fAq, iqu i ro^i i, or C I2-f-Aq (1 s-

senms ) Insol in (old dil i< ids, but slo y
sol on heating

The solubility of Hf, ( 1 in TICl+Aq t

creases slowly with tune, and fin illy reach< a

3omt where it increases very i ipidly, wh h

iakes place sooner the mort, dil the a< I

Presence of Hga(NOi)2+Aq helps the sc '-

bihty (\\hy not oxidation to HgG )
(Varenne, C R 92 1161 )

MERCURIC CHLORIDE

497

Solubility of HgaCla in HCl+Aq at 25°
Solid phase =Hg2Cl2+0 1 g Hg

G perl

Sp gr of
solutions

HC1

HgaCh

31 69

0 034

36 46

0 048

95 43

0 207

1 042

158 4

0 399

1 069

209 2

0 548

1 091

267 3

0 654

1 114

278 7

0 675

1 119

317 3

0 670

1 132

364 6

0 673

1 153

(Richards and Archibald, Z phys Ch 1902,
40 38(0

Cold cone H2S04 does not dissolve or
decomp Boiling H2S04 dissolves with evo-
lution of S02 (Vogel )

Solubility of Hg2Cl2 in chlondes+Aq at 25°
Solid phase=Hg2Cl2+0 1 g Hg

Salt

G per liter

Sp gr of
solutions

NaCl

Hg2Cl2

NaCl

5 85
58 50
119
148 25
222 3
292 5

0 0041
0 041
0 129
0 194
0 380
0 643

1 040
1 078
1 093
1 142

1 188

BaCl2

104 15
156 22

208 30
312 54

0 044
0 088
0 107
0 231

1 088
1 134
1 174
1 263

CaCl2

39 96
55 5
111
138 75
195 36
257 52
324 67
432 9
499 5

0 022
0 033
0 081
0 118
0 231
0 322
0 430
0 518
0 510

1 064
1 105
1 151
1 205
1 243
1 315
1 358

(Richards and Archibald, Z phys Ch 1902,
40 385)

Sol in cold HCN+Aq with separation of
Hg

Sol in alkali chlorides +Aq NH4Cl+Aq
dissolves out HgCl2 at ord temp , much more
at 40-50° Dil NH4Cl+Aq decomposes
more slowly than cone Access of air hastens
reaction (Miahle )

When heated several hours to 40-50°, 100
pts NH4Cl+833 pts H20 form 0 75 pt
HgCl2 from 25 pts Hg2Cl2, 100 pts NaCl+
833 pts H20 form 0 33 pt HgCl2 from 25
pts Hg2Cl2, 100 pts KCl+833pts H2O form

0 25 pt HgCl2 from 25 pts HgCl2, 100 pts
BaCla-f-833 pts H20 form 033 pt HgCla
from 25 pts Hg2Cl2 (Miahle, J Pharm 26
108)

Other chlorides act as NH4C1, only less
vigorously (Pettenkofer )

By boiling 1 pt Hg2Cl2 10 times with a
solution of 1 pt NaCl each time, the Hg2CU is
finally completely decomp (Henne )

Boiling BaCl2-{-Aq or CaCl2+Aq dissolve
traces K2S04+Aq, KNOs+Aq, or
KHC^Oe+Aq do not dissolve (Petten-
kofer )

Sol in (NH4)2S04+Aq Insol in NH<
nitrate, or succmate+Aq (Wittstem )

Sol m hot Hg2(N03)2-f-Aq, and still more
in hot Hg(NO8)24-Aq, on cooling it crystal-
lises out completely 25 g Hg2Cl2 dissolve m

1 5 1 H2O containing 50 g Hg(NO8)a (De-
bray, C R 70 995 )

Sol m PtCl2+Aq
Decomp by NH4OH+Aq
Decomp by KOH, or NaOH+Aq
Sol in Na2S208+Aq (Faktor, C C
1906, I 1524 )

Very si sol in NH4 succinate (Witt-
stem )
Insol in SbCl3 (Klemensiewicz, C C

1908, II 1850 )

Very sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am
Ch J 1898, 20 829 )

Insol in alcohol or ether More sol m
H2O containing pepsin and an acid than in
H2O. and is not converted thereby into
HgCl2 (Torsellmi, Ann Chun Ch farm
(4)4 105)

Small amts are sol with decomp in al-
cohol, ether and CHC13 1 g CHCls dis-
solves 0 0046 g Hg2Cl2 (Maclagan, Arch
Pharm 1884, 222, 788 )

Formic acid (95%) dissolves at 165°,
002%, at 18°, 00003% (Aschan, Ch Z
1913,37 1117)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B

1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Hamers,
Dissert 1906, Naumann, B 1904, 37 3602)

Somewhat sol m hydroxylamme hydro-
chloride (Adams, Am Ch J 1902, 28 1216 )
Insol m benzomtrile (Naumann, B/ 1914,
47 1370)

Insol in acetone and in methylal (Eid-
mann, C C 1899, II 1014 )
Solubility in organic solvents at 18-20°
100 g chloroform dissolve traces of HgCl
100 g bromoform dissolve 0 055 g HgCl
100 g ethyl bromide dissolve traces of
HgCl

100 g ethylene dibromide dissolve traces of
HgCl (Sulc Z anorg 1900, 25 401 )

Mercuric chloride, HgCl2
Permanent

feol in 18 5 pts H2O at 13 8° and 2-3 pts at 100
(J Davy 1822 ) Sol m 3 pts boiling HO (Wenzel )
Sol m 18 23 pts HO at 10 and 3 pts at 100 (M R
and P ) Sol m IS 46 pts at 18 75° (Abl ) Sol m 16
pts cold and 3 pts warm H2O (Dumas )

498

MERCUEIC CHLORIDE

100 pts H2O dissolve pts HgCl2 at t°

Sp gr ofHgCl2+Aqatl5°

t°

Pts
HgCla

t°

Pts
HgCls

t°

Pts
HgCl2

% HgCh

Sp gr

% HgCl2

Sp gr

8
9
10

1 071
1 0815
1 095

11

12
13

1 1035
1 115
1 127

0
10
20
30

5 73
6 57
7 39
8 43

40
50
60
70

9 62
11 34
13 86
17 29

80
90
100

24 30
37 05
53 96

(Mendelejeff, calculated by Gerlach, Z anal
27 306)

(Poggiale, A ch (3) 8 468 )

Solubility of HgCl2 in H2O

t°

%HgCl2

t°

% HgCla

•f 1

3 9

80

23 6

4 5

4 8

87

28 2

4 5

4 8

100

39 3

7 5

5 1

121

59 7

13 8

5 2

127

69 7

25 1

7 1

140

77 0

29 5

7 6

150

78 4

38 0

9 9

159

80 2

49

11 3

160

81 7

61

15 1

165

81 8

(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 557 )

*! 1? g HgCl* are sol m 1 1 H2O at 25°
(Morse, Z phys Ch 1902, 41 726 )

Solubility at 25° =0267 mol m 1 1 H20
(Jander, Z Elektrochem 1903, 8 688 )

Solubility m H20 at 25° = 0263 mol liter
(Sherrill, Z phys Ch 1903, 43 735 )

lln-4-An G+ 9£° si/tn4-r.in

Sat HgCl2-fAq at 25° contains 69%
^V1?^ (Foote> Am Ch J 1906, 35 238 )
.HgCl2-|-Aq contains 3 95 g HgCl2 m 100 y-
of solution at 0° 7 67 g at 30° (Schreme
makers, Ch Weekbl 1910, 7 202 )

HgCl2-hAq sat at (?) contains 68%

1087 ? ' J T°k Chem S°° 1912> 33

HgCl2+Aq sat at 35° contains 851%
ggUjj (Schrememakers and Thonus, Ver
.K. Akad Wet Amsterdam, 1912, 21 333)

11 aqueous solution sat at 25° contains
UJoomol HgCl2 (Herz and Paul Z annrtr
1913,^82 431 ) ' g

at 20'

Sp gr of HgCl2+ Aq at 20°

% HgCIs

&p gr

% HgCl

Sp gr

1
2
3

1 0072
1 0148
1 0236

4
5

1 0323
1 0411

(Schroder, calculated by Gerlach, Z anal
27 306)

Sp gr ofHgCl2-f-Aq

Hg%l2

Sp gr

atO°

at 10°

at 20°

at 3(T

4 72
3 57
2 42
1 22

1 04070
1 03050
1 02035
1 01008

1 04033
1 03022
1 02018
1 00990

1 03856
1 02885
1 01856
1 00835

1 03566
1 02577
1 01585
1 00575

(Schroder, B 19 161 R )

Sp gr of HgCl2-f-Aq at room temp con
taming

0226 355%HgCl

1 0233 1 0328

(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 266 )

Sp gr of HgCla+Aq at 25°

Concentration of HgCh-f Aq

^P L.r

V^normal

Vs- "

I 0275
1 0138

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 6 30

Sp gr at 16°/4° of HgCl2+Aq cent lining
42224% HgCl,* 103491 (Schonnx k, /
phys Ch 1893, 11 768 )

•¥•»• x-fi i ' '

HgCU+Aq containing 604% H«( I ha,
• gr 20° /20° = 10523

T-T sit , A -

"!2-fAq containing (> OS% Htz:( 1 In
^ 20° /20° = 10526
(Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phyt, ( h 1S%
19 2S2 )

Sat HgCl24-\q boils at 101 1

B -pt of HgCl +Aq

% HgCl2

4 8
9 0

B-pt

Vi H^Cl

\\ pi

100 10°
100 16

11 04
15 2

100 J0°

100 275

(Skinner, Chem Soc 61 340 )

um HC1+AQ ls greater than in U,o

Sol in 0 5 pt HC1 +AQ of 1 158 -*p gr at 2 J J form
I ing a solution of 2 412 sp gr (Davy 1822 )

MERCURIC CHLORIDE

499

Solubility of HgCl2 m HCl+Aq

Solubility of HgCl2 m NH4Cl+Aq

at 30° — Continued

Pts HCl
in 10Q pts
H20

Pts HgCh
dissolved
by 100 pts
liquid

Pts HCl
m 100 pts
H20

Pts HgCla
dissolved
by 100 pts
liquid

Composition of liquid
phase

Solid phase

0 0

6 8

21 6

127 4

HgGl2

N^Cl

%H20

5ft

A ft Q

•Ml Q

10 1

73 7

50 0

148 0

55 55

15 94

28 51

HgCh NH4C1 H20

13 8

87 8

68 0

154 0

55 85

15 35

28 80

Kft 71

Woo

9Q <Y7

(Ditte, A ch (5) 22 551 )

57 04

14 10

28 86

HgCh NH4C1 HO +

56 98

14 14

28 88

SHgCh 2NH4C1 H O

Solubility in HCl+Aq j

_ 4. no •J-L&V-'

-Hmols

56 83
56 26

13 90
13 04

29 27
30 70

3HgCl2 2NH4C1 H O

a»tu 9"

HgCl2 (in mgs ) m 10 ccm solution, HCl
=mols HCl ditto, H20=grms H20
present

56 43
56 70
57 05

11 88
11 05
9 92

31 69
32 23
33 02

58 55

9 23

32 22

HCl

Sp gr

H2O

58 65

9 20

32 15

JSHgCh 2NH4C1 HO-r-
\ QHgCl 2NH4C1

51 83

8 76

39 41

9HgCh 2NH4C1

9 7
19 8
35 5
55 6
68 9
72 37
85 5
88 65

4 3
9 9
17 8
26 9
32 25
34 25
41 5
48 1

1 117
1 238
1 427
1 665
1 811
1 874
2 023
2 066

9 704
9 340
9 816
8 135
7 714
7 679
7 131
6 893

46 00
39 02
35 60
35 10
32 90
29 65
40 12
21 00

7/jrtr

7 52
6 28
5 26
5 18
5 06
3 62
5 13
2 29

46 48
54 70
59 14
59 72
62 04
66 73
54 75
76 71

9HgCh 2NH4Cl+HgCl
HgCh

95 675

70 875

2 198

6 431

67

0

92 33

(Engel, A ch (6) 17 362 )
Notdecomp by H SO4 or HN03+Aq

Sol in 630 pts HaSO* and in more than 500 pts hot
HNOa+Aq of 1 41 sp gr without decomp (J Davy )

Sol in H2S04, HN03, HIO3, or H2CrO4
without decomp (Millon, A ch (3) 18 373 )

Very si sol m HN03, but not decomp
thereby (Wurtz )

Solubility of HgCl2 m NH4C14-Aq at 30°

Composition of liquid
phase

Solid phase

H#l

NH4°C1

%H 0

0

29 5

70 5

NH4O1

15 68

27 56

56 7b

22 SO

26 91

50 29

31 %

26 16

41 8k

42 45

25 05

32 50

50 05

24 79

25 16

JNH4C1+H*,G1 2NHiCl
\ H 0

50 60

24 31

25 09

HfcCh 2NHiCl H 0

53 08

22 77

24 15

55 97

21 42

22 61

58 91

20 06

21 03

HgCh 2NH4C1 HO +

58 89

19 98

21 13

HgCh NH4CI H2()

56 83

18 86

24 61

HgCh NH4CI H20

56 38

18 50

25 12

55 83

17 70

26 47

55 70

17 13

27 17

55 58

16 82

27 60

(Meerburg, Z anorg 1908, 69 139 )

1 pt sat NaCl-fAq dissolves 129 pts
HgCl2 at 14° ( Voit, A 104 354 )

Sat NaCl +Aq (20 grains H2O +7 grains NaCl) dis-»
solves 32 grains HgCl2 at 15 5 and 3 grains more on
warmin0 Sp t,r of solution =2 14 (Davy 1822 )

Sat KCl+Aq (21 grains H^O+7 grams KC1) dis
solves 8 grams HgClz on being gently heated (Davy )

bat BaCl2-hAq (20 grams H20+b 7 grains BaCl2-f
2H2O) dissolves 10 grams H{,Cb at 15 5 and 4 grains
more on heating Sp j,r of solution =19 (Daw )

MgCh+Aq (Jl trams HCl+Aq of 1 58 sp gr
n< utraliscd with Mt,O) dissolves 40 grains Hj-,Cl and
' re on gently htatmg Sp fer of solution *»

Sol in sat KOI NaOl-f\q and m MnCU 7nCh
CoCl HClj NiCl anJ CuCh-fAq (v Borwdorff
Pot,g 17 123)

Iho solubility m H 0 ib greatly increased
by th( addition of cupnc chloride 85%
HgCh is sol m pun H20 and 528% HgCl2
is sol m IS 06% CuCl +Aq (Schreme
mikns, C C 1913, I 1S58 )

500

MERCURIC CHLORIDE

Solubility of HgCl2 +KC1 at 25%

Composition
of solution

Composition of
undissolved residue

Solid phase

&

H&,

/&!

Hgfcls

&

26 46
26 24

0
15 04

100

0
3 63

KC1

KC1+2KC1

HgCh H20

26 23

15 02

26 15

26 33

15 02

52 01

26 33

14 92

61 04

23 74

18 91

34 61

61 66

3 73

2KC1 HgCh

H20

22 36

21 39

34 77

62 02

3 21

21 39
20 32

23 88
27 62

34 05

61 84
65 24

3 35

2KC1 HgCh
H20+KC1

HgCh HaO

20 26

17 85

27 38
25 34

21 89

73 98
75 10

3 01

KC1 HgCh

H20

9 26

18 95

21 02

73 36

5 62

7 80

19 56

20 76

73 06

6 18

6 84

22 81

20 75

74 54

4 71

6 66

24 32

20 54

73 99

5 47

6 52

25 13

76 46

KC1 HgCh

HaO+KCl

2HgCh 2HaO

6 64

25 16

80 60

6 27

25 11

12 09

83 20

4 71

KC1 2HgCh

2H2O

5 77

24 73

11 87

83 18

4 95

4 68

24 75

84 46

KC1 2HgCl2

2H20+HgCl2

4 66

25 17

93 58

4 69

24 82

98 50

0

6 90

0

100

0

HgCh

(Foote and Levy, \xn Ch J 1906, 36 239 )
Solubility of HgCl24-KCl at 20°

G per 100 g H20

KC1

0

1

2
4
4
5

12
39
05
84
60

6 71

7 39

7 46

8 95
15

17 57
20 35
26 31
30 32
34 12
34 18
34 34

34 54
37 72
41 13
39 66
37 87

35 32

HgCla

7 39
11 83
15 72
22 17
25 16
25 13

25 66

26 41
24 70
19 93
22 87
26 12
29

34 83
39 10
42 82
39 34

35 16
30 63
24 30
19 33
15 76
10 28

2 1

Solid phase

HgCl2

HgCl2+2HgCl2, KC1
2HgClj, KC1

2HgCl2, KCl+HgCl,, KC1
HgCl2, KC1

HgCl2. KCl+HgCl2, 2KC1
2, 2KC1

HgCl2, 2KC1+KC1
KC1

(Tichomiroff, J russ Phys Chem Soc 1907
39 731)

Solubility of H$Cl2+RbCl in H2O Solu-
bility data are given showing double salts
formed at 25° (Foote and Levy, 1 c )

Solubility in NaCl+Aq 100 pts NaCl+Aq
containing given % NaCl dissolve g
HgCl2

% NaCl

g HgCI2
at 15

g HgCla
at 65°

g HgCl2
at 100°

26
25
10
5
1
0 5

128
120
58
* 30
14
10

152
142
68
36
18
13

208
196
110
64
48
44

(Homeyer and Ritsert, Pharm Ztg 33 738 )
Solubility of EgCl2-f-NaCl at 25%

Composition
of solution

Composition of
undissolved residue

Solid phase

A

Hgfch

N&a

B&

i&

26 5

0

100

0

0

NaCl

18 66

51 35

16 39

NaCl+NaCl

HgCU 2H20

18 71

51 32

21 98

18 64

51 42

65 45

18 87

51 26

71 25

14 97

57 74

16 38

74 18

9 44

NaCl HgClz

2H 0

14 03

59 69

16 36

74 21

9 43

13 25

62 16

16 16

74 70

9 14

13 17

62 59

15 96

74 76

9 28

12 97

62 50

78 20

NaCl HKC1

2H O+HgClt

13 14

62 48

88 04

13 15

62 55

90 83

(I oo te and Levy, ^m Ch J 1906,36 239)

105 0 g HgCl2 are sol in 1 1 of 0 1-N
Hg(N03)2+Aq at 25° (Morse, Z phys Ch
1902,4 726)

Solubility in MCl+Aq at 25°

In 10 (( m of tlu Noluli >n

bait

Milhmols IU,O1

Millimols suit

LiCl

2 65

0

3 51

4 14

b 66

S 35

10 21

12 71

16 78

17 *S

22 14

22 (>5

28 96

30 <)1

30 62

35 27

NaCl

2 65

0

3 72

2 12

5 08

4 lb

7 48

6 71

11 92

11 53

20 22

19 41

27 54

27 83

34 34

31 62

MERCURIC CHLORIDE

501

Solubility in MCl+Aq at 25° —Continued

Salt

In 10 ocm of the solution

Millimols HgCla

Milb mols salt

KC1

2 65
3 55
3 81
8 36

0

1 74
2 21
6 83

MgCl2

2 65
3 74
7 19
11 31
18 64
25 69
32 06

0

1 68
4 15
5 70
9 97
13 20
17 28

CaCl2

2 65
3 64
7 66
11 08
18 11
26 45
33 04

0
1 90
4 02
6 56
9 64
14 29
17 23

SrCl2

2 65
3 15
5 63
8 29
13 42
17 76
22 93

0
1 64
3 11
5 19
7 24
10 46
13 86

BaCl2

2 65
6 97
11 67
16 20
26 45
53 48

0
3 85
5 72
7 76
13 36
30 30

(Herz and Paul, Z anorg 1913, 82 433 )

Solubility in H2O is increased by presence
of I2 (Herz and Paul, Z anorg 1914, 85
214)

Solubility in H20 is increased by presence
of hydroxylamme hydrochlonde (Adams,
Am Ch J 1902, 28 213 )

Moderately sol in liquid NHa (Franklin,
Am Ch J 1898, 20 829 )

Insol m liquid CO2 (Buchner, Z phys
Ch 1906, 64 674 )

Abundantly sol in H2PtCl4+Aq (Nilson,
B 1876,9 1146)

Sol m 2 5 pts cold alcohol (Richter) 3 pts (Karl)
2 t pts alcohol of 0 833 sp gr at ordinary temp
and 1 167 pts on boiling (Berzelius) 2 pts alcohol of
0810 sp gr at 155 (sp gr of solution =1 08) (J
Davy Phil Trans 1822 358)

At 10° sol in 2 57 pts alcohol of 39° (Cartier) m
2 9 pts alcohol of 38 m 3 6 pts alcohol of 35 in 4 2
pts alcohol of 30° in 9 3 pts alcohol of 22 in 14 6 pts
alcohol of 14° (N E Henry )

Sol in 25 mols methyl, 13 1 mols ethyl,
and 203 mols propyl alcohol at 85°, in

16 2 mols methyl, 12 4 mols ethyl, and 18
mols propyl alcohol at 20°, m 68 mols
methyl, 106 mols ethyl, and 146 mols
propyl alcohol at 38 2° (Tunofejew, C R,

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
66 9 pts HgCl2 at 25°, 100 pts absolute ethyl
alcohol dissolve 49 5 pts HgCl2 at 25° (de
Bruyn, Z phys Ch 10 783 )

At 15°, 1 pt by weight is sol in —
13 53 pts H20

15 "

25

63 " propyl " " « " 08160
(Rohland, Z anorg 1899, 18 328 )

" methyl alcohol of sp gr 0 7990
" ethyl " " " " 0 8100

100 g HgCl»-hCH8OH contain 1 2 g HgCl2
at the critical temp (Centnerszwer. Z phys
Ch 1910,72 437)

Solubility of HgCl2 in methyl alcohol+Aq

at 25°

P=g alcohol in 100 g alcohol+Aq
HgCl2=milUmols HgCl2 in 10 cc of the

solution

P

HgCl

Sp gr

0
10 60
30 77
37 21
47 06
64 00
78 05
100

2 67
2 92
4 18
4 96
7 27
14 19
21 11
17 95

1 0565
1 0441
1 0420
1 0507
1 0809
1 2015
1 3314
1 2160

(Herz and Anders, Z anorg 1907, 52 165 )

100 cc 90% ethyl alcohol dissolve 27 5° g
HgCl2 at 15 5° Sp gr 15° of sat solution -
1065 (Greenish and Smith, Pharm J 1903,
71 881)

100 g 99 2% ethyl alcohol dissolve 33 4 g
HgCl2 at 25° (Osaka )

Solubility of HgCl in ethyl alcohol -f 4q at

25°

P = g alcohol m 100 g alcohol +Aq
HgCl2 = milhmols HgCl2 in 10 cc of the

solution

P

HgCla

Sp gr

0
20 18
40 69
70 01
100

2 67
2 49
3 94
8 70
13 61

1 0565
1 0214
1 0180
1 0616
1 1067

(Herz and Anders, Z anorg 1907, 52 170 )

502

MERCURIC CHLORIDE

Solubility of HgCl2 in etliyl alcohol+Aq
at 25°

% C2H6OH

% HgCl*

% CaHjOH

% HgCls

0
5 08
14 49
21
26 25
31 53
36 85
41 36

6 80
6 65
6 41
6 55
7 31
8 51
10 32
12 69

45 84
49 86
53 61
5726
60 55
63 95
67 39

1536
18 18
21 40
24 51
27 67
29 86
32 40

(Abe, J Tok Chem Soc 1912, 33 1087 )

Solubility in alcohol is increased by presence
of hydroxylamine hydrochlonde (Adams,
Am Ch J 1902, 28 213 )

Solubility of HgCl2 m a mixture of methyl
and ethyl alcohol at 25°

P = % methyl alcohol m the mixture
HgCl2 =g HgCl2 in 10 ccm of the solution
S=sp gr of the sat solution

0

4 37
10 4
41 02
80 69
84 77
91 25
100

HgCla

3 686

3 943

4 261

5 837

6 167
5 782
5 385
4 862

S 25°/4°

107

130

157

294

321

1 288

1 254

1 216

(Herz and Kuhn, Z anorg 1908, 68 161 )

Solubility in mixtures of methyl and propyl
alcohol at 25°

P = % propyl alcohol in the solvent
G = g HgCl2 in 10 ccm of the solution
S=Sp gr of the sat solution

Solubility in mixtures of propyl and ethyl
alcohol at 25°
l alcohol m the solvent
m 10 ccm of the solution
of the sat solution

P

G

S2o /4

0

11 11

23 8
65 2
91 8
93 75
96 6
100

4 862
5 034
5 714
4 228
2 509
2 323
2 152
2 003

1 2160
1 2278
1 2848
1 1568
1 0090
1 0029
0 9851
0 9720

(Herz and Kuhn, Z anorg 1908, 60 157 )

0

8 1
17 85
56 6
88 6
91 2
95 2
100

G

3 667
3 406
2 711
2 166
2 160
2 087
2 003

S 25°/4°

1 1070
1 0988
1 0857
1 0272
0 9854
0 9824
0 9772
0 9720

(Herz and Kuhn, Z anorg 1908, 60 160 )
Sp gr of HgCljj+alcohol

%

0

5 44

6 52

Sp fcr 25°/20°

0 7948
0 8346
0 8431

(Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phys Ch 1896,
19 283)

Sp gr of alcoholic solution of HgCl

Hgfcla

0 00

1 22

2 38
4 42
8 56

12 43
15 91
19 32
22 46

Sp «r

atO°

0 83135
0 8397
0 8484
0 8635
0 8966
0 9306
0 9629

0 9951

1 0285

at 10°

0 82286
0 8312
0 8399
0 8549
0 8877
0 9213
0 9523

0 9852

1 01X4

at 20

S1435

S2JS

8314

84(>3

S7S9

0119

942 r>

9753

(KM

io

0 S0594
0 S141
0 S227
0 S375
0 SOS9
0 9024
0 9429
0 9br>2
0 <*9S2

(Schroder, B 19 16 1 U )

Sp gr at 16°/4° of II^Cl +<thyl ilcohol
containing 2^5489% HgCl =()99SSr> con-
taining 1 1 <SXM| ' (i ss ,-j (S( honnx L 7j
phys Ch 1893, 11 708 )

Sp gr at 1674° of IF ( ^ohol

containing 10 994S% Hg( i =o v*r>50
(Schonrook, Z phys Ch 1WH, 11 7(>9 )

Sol m 4 pts othu (Kails), in 41 pis
(Henry), in 286 pts ether of ()74r> sp gi
(sp gr of solution = 1 08), the solvent power
is not increased by elevating the temp, m<l
b pt of ethei is not idised (J 1) ivv )

Ether extracts HgCl2 fiom Hg( lj-f-Aq
(Orfila), very slightly if HgCl +Aq is dil
(Lassaigne )

Very si sol in pure ether (Pohs, B 20

6 35 pts are sol in 100 pts ether at 0°

644 " " " " 100 " " " 18

638 " " " " 100 " « " 355

(Laszczynski, B 1894, 27 2286 )

MERCURIC CHLORIDE

503

Sol in 7%r8 pts ether (Madsen, Ch Z
Repert 1897; 21 169)

Solubihty in 100 cc ether at 17° =4 1-4 12
g (Stromholm, J pr 1902, (2), 66 450 )

The solubility of HgCl2 in H20 is only si
affected by the presence of ether An aqueous
solution sat with ether and HgCl2 contains
about 10% less HgCl2 than a pure sat
aqueous solution Partition coefficient for

ether
HgCl2^Q =4 9 at 0°, 3 02 at 14 6°, 2 80 at

16 8° (Stromholm, Z phys Ch 1903, 44
70)

126 80 pts HgCl2aresol in 100 pts acetone
at 18° (Lasczynski, B 1894, 27 2287 )

1 g HgCl2 is sol in 0 70 g acetone at 18°
Sg gr of sat solution 18°/4° = 1956)
(Naumann, B 1904, 37 4334 )

Sat solution in acetone contains 5774 g
HgCl2 m 100 g solution at 25° (Toote and
Haigh, J Am Chem Soc 1911, 33 461 )

Sp gr at 26 7°/4° of HgCl2+acetone con-
taming 36 25% HgCl2 = 1 1585 (Schonrock,
Z phys Ch 1893, 11 769

Sp gr of HgClo+acetone

Solubility of HgCl2 m ether-j-Aq at 25°

% HgCb

Sp gr 20°/20°

% Ether

%H20

% HgCl2

0
10 94
21 05

0 8003
0 8847
0 9799

87 86
1 2
5 2
5 4
5 4

5 22
93 6
90 5
91 8
93 1

6 92
5 2
4 3
2 8
1 5

(Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phys Ch 1896,
19 283 )

(Abe, J Tok Chem Soc 1912, 33 1087 )

Solubility of HgCl2 in ether + ethyl alcohol
at 25°

100 g methyl acetate dissolve 46 g at
bpt (56 5°) (Schroeder and Sterner, J pr
1909, (2) 79 49 )

1 g HgCl2 is sol in 2 35 g methyl acetate
at 18° Sp gr 18°/4° of the sat solution =

ro Mtohol

% H«CI

% Alcohol

% HgCh

Solubility m ethyl acetate

07 57
5S 59
51 02

44 79
«S 69

*2 S4

32 43
32 50
37 39
37 96
*S 24
37 7r)

27 16
22 48
15 20
8 97
0

36 29
34 08
28 55
20 67
5 49

Pts ^ol m 100 pts ethyl acetate

Pts HKC1

t°

28 92
29 03
30 71
31 87
3277
35 98

0
13
35

48
60

83

(Abo )

4 pts ethei dissolve 1 pt HgCl2, but 4
pts ethei-H *i pts ( irnphoi dissolve 133

pts 1U,OI 4 pts (tin i+4 pts camphor dis-
solve 2 pts Htf( 1 , 4 pts ether +8 pts cam-
phoi dissolve \ pts IlRGlj, 4 pts cfcher-f 16
pts o implint dissolve S ptt> HgCk (Karls,
PORK, 10 (>OS )

i pts ileohol dissolve 1 pt HgCl2, but 3
pts UcohoI-H pt ( unphoi dissolve 2 pts
HtfCl , 3 pts il<ohol+* pts camphor dis
solve •{ pts JItfU * pts ilcohol+b pfcs
( xmphor dissolve b pts HgCk (Karls, I c)

Solution e in be obt lined contunmg25 pts
e unphe>r, 1(> pts I fed , and only 4 pts
ilcohol Sp £r of solution = 1326 (Simon,
PORK 37 55 O

100 pts irctono dissolve 60 pts HgCl2 at
25° (Krug and M'Elroy, J Anal Appl Ch
184)

98 35 pts HgCl2 are sol in 100 pts acetone
atO°

110 95 pts HgCl2aresol m 100 pts acetone

at 10°

(I aszczynski, B 1894, 27 2286 )

Solubility in ethyl acetate =1 3466 at
18° (Alexander, Dissert 1899 )

Solubility of HgCl2 m ethyl acetate

Temp

0

u

i()

40 )°

502°

16 3

Mol HgCl m 100
mols C4Hs02

15 4

15 9

16 0

16 1

(Lmebarger, Am Ch J 1894, 16 214 )

1 g HgCl2 is sol m 3 5 g ethyl acetate at
18° Sp gr of sat solution 18°/4° = 1 110
(Naumann, B 1904, 37 3602 )

504

MERCURIC CHLORIDE

Solubility of

HgCl2 in

ethyl acetate and

s

acetone at tw

Solvent

t°

t°

Molecules
HgCla sol
in 100 mol-
ecules of
ethyl
acetate

Molecules
HgCl2 sol
in 100 mol
ecules of
acetone

Solid present in
acetone

Ethyl alcohol

—60
—55

—40

—15

9 10

14 5

HgCl2, CHsCOCH,

—21

0

9 25

14 3

—20

+10
10

18 7
23 5

HgCl2

—17
— 11

17

23 2

"

_ 9

25

9 15

22 8

cc

— 5

(Aten, Z phys Ch 1906, 64 121 )

0
•f 3

7

Solubility of

HgCl2 in ethyl acetate+Aq at
25°

10
14
19

P=g ethyl acetate m 100 g ethyl acetate

31

+Aq

43

HgC^^milhmols HgCl2 m 10 cc of the

51

solution

02

P

HgCli

Sp gr

OH

0

2 67

1 0565

7r>
HO

4

39

2 72

1 0581

96

76

15 34

1 2371

*H

100

9 75

1 1126

100

(Herz and Anders, Z anorg 1907, 52 172 )

i n

127

us

1 pt is sol in 2 05 pts ethyl acetate at 18°
or 100 g ethyl acetate dissolve 48 7 g HgCl2
(Naumann, B 1910, 43 315 *

N-propyl alcohol

-22

- n

Easily sol in glycerine, sol m 14 pts
glycerine (Fairley, Momt Scient (3) 9
685)

0
1!

100 g glycerine dissolve 80 g HgCl2 at 25°
(Moles and Maquma, Ann Soc Eshan fis

02

qum 1914, 12 383

)

7s

loo ,

Solubility m organic solvents

127

t°

Sat solution

All} 1 ale ohol

21

i

Solvent

corit tins

<
f- s
22

Methyl alcohol

—34

7 b

Acetone

>{

—20

11 5

is

—15

12 S

- 1 >

—

2

18 7

10

4~

4

23 2

12

27 6

4

36

53 1

1

1

51

61 0

-f 0

62

63 6

1 )

64

63 7

1 JJ
1 "\

74

64 3

t )

>7

100

68 7

«* /

127

75 2

51

H 7

n i

i > o
10 \
10 >

1 s *
2* s
27 «)

12 7
{0 1
H s
>2 t
20 t,

IS

>0 7
>S i

00 I

01 «)
01 i

01 S

02 0

01 <)

02 1

MERCURIC CHLORIDE

505

Solubility m organic solvents — Continued

Solubility in organic solvents — Continued

feoK < nt

t°

Sat solution
contains
% HgCla

Solvent

t°

Sat solution
contains
% HgCh

N-butyl alcohol

—21

— 6
+ 9
21
59
82

12 4
13 0
14 3
15 9
25 8
33 1

Acetic acid

+21
22
33
43
50
61
87
95
95
115
116
127
145
182
207

2 7
3 0
5 0
6 0
6 7
8 0
11 0
12 0
12 5
16 0
17 0
20 0
26 3
44 8
55 2

iBabutyl alcohol

—11
— 6
0
+ 11
63
98
127
145
155

5 5
6 2
6 7
7 5
19 3
32 1
42 0
47 2
50 4

Amyl uleohol

— 13
+26
50
90
106

8 6
8 9
14 0
29 8
35 1

Formic acid

21
50
90

2 0
3 2

7 3

Very si sol in propionic and isobutyric
acids

(fitaid, A ch 1894, (7) 2 557 et seq )
Solubility of HgCl2 in organic solvents at t°

kthor

—47
—40
— 35
—30
—19
0
+ 1*
S3
100
115

5 6

5 8
6 1
5 9
5 6

5 S
5 S
8 4
8 7
9 0

Solvent

t°

%HgCI2

i th>l form it <
1 th\l it < t tt(

-20

f >

+2i
+46

20 t>
29 2
H) 0

n o

CHC1,

—20 5

+44 2

0 01
0 12

CoHo

+6 5
18 0
34 1
54 1
69 0

0 26
0 53
0 64
1 02
1 39

->o

20
-H
(>
0

f 7
1<)
15
<><>
l(K)
1 U
HO
ISO

i') f»
40 5
40 2
40 0
i<) r>
W ()
40 2
41 (>
14 0
47 S
r>() 1
r)7 0
r><) \

C II4C1

0
12 5
20 8
25 3
30 2
33 0
45 9

1 33
1 55
1 68
1 73
1 92
2 05
2 42

CHaCOOOJUr

0
(> 5
26 1
3S 5
45 3

22 8
22 7
22 S
23 5
2b 4

\I( th\l n tt it(
\m\ 1 H t tat<

-20
+21
5~>

\Z 0
«) i
41 r>

+22
IS

IS i
IS 5

I thvl lwt\nt<

-f-20
55
71

12 (>

n r>

15 1

Dukelski, Z anorg 1907, 53 329

506

MERCURIC CHLORIDE

Solubility of HgCl2 in mixed organic solvents
att°

Solubility of HgCl2 in mixed organic solvents

at t°— Continued

Sohent

t°

% HgCl

Solvent

t°

HgCl2

C6H6+C2H6OH

—2 5
0 0
6 0
20 5
20 65
24 5
34 5
54 4
54 5

15 20
15 40
16 38
18 40
18 50
19 33
21 34
24 84
24 42

C2H4C12+CH3OH

0 0
12 5
20 8
25 3
30 2
33 0
37 4
45 9

13 33
21 30
29 23
34 78
36 87
37 01
37 95
39 36

CH3COOC2H6-fC6H6

0 0
6 5
25 7
27 6
35 5
45 3

9 62
9 62
9 78
<) 78
10 81
13 69

C6H6-f2C6H6OH

—5 2
0

+9 1
20 9
24 4
36 5
53 7
74 0

19 45
20 13
21 65
23 57
24 19
26 53
31 27
38 74

CH3COOC2HB+CHC13

0 0

26 1
36 1
46 0
48 5

3 34
4 07
4 78
5 38
5 10

CHCl8+C2H6OH

—20 5
—12 0
0 0
+8 0
23 0
38 5
44 2
45 6

3 82
4 43
4 89
5 37
7 12
8 51
9 51
9 98

2CH3COOC2H6+CC14

0 0
10 3
25 7

27 6
38 5
45 3

9 24
9 05
9 32
9 50
9 S9
11 70

CHC13+2C2H5OH

—20 5
0 0

-f 8 0
23 0
38 5
44 2

6 60
7 69
8 96
10 66
12 50
14 40

(Dukelski, Z anorg 1907, 53 335 )

Solubility in organic solvents at 1S°/20°
100 g chloroform dissolve 0 10(> g HgClj
100 g tetrachlormethane dib&olvt 0 0(U g
HgCl2
100 g bromoform dissolve 04S(> ^ IFgCl
100 g ethyl bromide dissolve J010 %
HgCI2
100 g ethvlene dibromide dissolve 1 5 i() g
HgCl2 (Sulo Z anorg 1900, 25 J01 )

Solubility of HgCl2 m vinous 01^ uiu
solvents it 25°
G =g HgCk dissolved m 1 inol of solve nt

CHCl8-hCH3OH

—12 0
0 0
+8 0
23 0
24 9
30 6
38 5

1 73
3 51
5 63
10 15
10 71
11 40
12 02

CHC13+2CH3OH

-12 0
0 0
+8 0
23 0
24 9
30 6
38 5

3 33
6 73
8 21
16 56
18 45
19 70
20 83

Solvent ( Il^( 1

Ethylene chloi ide J 2 1 ( >
Tetrachlorethane 0 14(>
Chloroform 0 1JO
Dichlorethylene 0 110
Pentachlorethylene 0 (H<)
Trichlorethylene 0 ()3(>
Perchlorethylene 0 OU
Carbon tetrachlonde Trace

CC14+2CH3OH

0 0
7 7
24 9
30 6
35 5
36 1
48 5

5 20
6 69
14 06
19 40
20 50
21 80
21 90

(Hofman, et al , B 1910, 43 188 )

Very si sol in mtromethane at orcl temp
Very sol on warming (Bruner, B 1903, 36
298)

MERCURIC HYDROGEN CHLOBIDE

£07

Solubility in CS2 at t°

olubxhty of HgCl2 m pyridme — Continued
t = point of fusion
Solid Phase =HgCl2, C5HfiN

t°

100 pts sat solution
contain pts HgCl2

—10
— 5
0
+ 5
10
15
20
25
30

0 010
0 014
0 018
0 022
0 026
0 032
0 042
0 053
0 063

t°

H^fcla

t

Hg&!2

t°

H&l

47
35
65
73

4838
5053
5237
5202

9061
750°
995
995
1005

5350
5645
5607
5701

5784

1041
1042
1047
107

6009
6072
5S97
6306

Solid Phase =3HgCl2) CfiH5N

(Arctowski, Z anorg 1894, 6 267 )

0 030 g is dissolved in 100 g sat solution
in CS2 at 8° (Arctowski, Z anorg 1894, 6
2oo )
Formic acid (95%) dissolves 2 1% at 19°
(Aschan, Ch Z 1913, 37 1117 )
Sol m molten urethane (Castoro, Z
anorg 1899,20 61)
Sol m ethyl sulphocyanate (Kahlenberg,
Z phys Ch 1903, 46 66 )

t°

H§a«

t

Hgfclz

t

Hgfela

947
952
1064
1098

6072
6077
6193
6258

1136
1140
1157
1182

6306
6318
6337
6409

1242
1294
1455

6500
6563
6966

(McBnde, Z phys Ch 1910, 14 196 )

Solubility in pyridme
S=temp of solidification

Solubility of HgCb in benzene
100 pts Cfllr dissolve at —
15° 41° 55° 84°
0 54 0 02 0 S5 1 80 pts HgCl2

(T as/cynski, B 1S04, 27 2287 )

<- in C,llf=()0397 mol/1 at 25°

/ phys Ch 1905, 43 735)

Sol in C,H, , toluc rie, xylene, and other aro
mitu hydnx tibons Insol or only si sol
in pdiolturn <th<i luxino dccanc md
(Gul< witsch, li 1004 37 150*)

Sol in p tnlmdim (Wnnu )

Sol in quinnliiH (Bukminn and Gabc]
/ nun*, !<)<)(>, 51 2*6 )

Solubility oi HgCl in pyiidmt
t = point oi iubion

Solid IMusi=IlKU ,2CrH6N

1

iik< i

t

1M l

i

il^Cl

— *2S

27(>

10 <)()

2() 2()

7SO

4072

—21 0

7Sb

r)( 10

H94

7S7

50 M

+ 002

U 14

W)0i

40 3(>

SO 2

51 52

12 5S

17 i4

7( 15

4644

825

5240

1S7S

1<) 7S

70S

4577

S()0

56 45

23 bO

21 50

74 ()

4800

00 S

5701

2724

22 <>5

752

48 M

041

6009

3105

24 4b

764

4915

Mols
per 100

S

Mols
per 100

S

Mols
per 100

S

5 8

19

27 0

87

38 5

130

5 9

18 5

28 6

(98)

41 0

137

10 2

39 5

30 3

91 5

43 2

142

14 1

52

31 2

92

44 0

143,5

21 4

74 5

33 1

108

47 5

159

25 0

83

35 1

115 5

52 8

173

(Staronka, Anz Ak Wiss Krakau, 1910

372)

fep gr at lG°/4° of HgCl2+pyndme contain-
ing 17 53r;/ F-C1 -1 1523, containing 6 57%
H^Cl =i ' iss ^chonrock, Z phys Ch
1894, 11 7bS)

Mol wught d( t( iminc d m benzorntrile,
methyl- irid ethyl biilphide (Weiner, Z
inoiR 1S()7, 15 31 26 ind 30 )

Sol in b( n/onitrih (Naumann, B 1914,
47 !*()<))

1( isily hoi in oil of tuipentmc and other
(sstntnl oils, bl sol in cold benzene, but
much more on heating, a yst illismg on cool-
ing (I'i inchimont, B 16 3S7 )

J< ibily sol in boiling cnosotc

Insol in ohvo GJ!

Insol in oils ind fats but sol when first
dibsolvcd in alcohol, froe ( ther or anhydrous
kc tones (Glock, Ch Z He pert 36 315)

]< xtrict( d from IIgCl2+Aq by volatile oils

Mercuric hydrogen chloride ( Color omercunc
acid), HgClj, IlCl-IIIIgCl,

Decomp by H20 (Boullay, A ch 34
243)

Easily decomposed (Neumann, M 10
236)

508

MERCURIC HYDRAZINE CHLORIDL

HgCl2, 2HC1+7H20 Decomp by H20
(Ditto, A ch (5) 22 551 )
3HgCl2, 4HCl+14HiO As above
2HgCl2, HCl-f-6H20 As above
4HgCl2, 2HCl-f 9H20 As above
3HgCl2, HC1H-5H20 As above

Mercunc hydrazine chloride, HgCl2,

2(N2H4, HC1)

Very sol in H20 More sol in hot alcohol
than in cold, decomp by HN03 (Curtius,
J pr 1894, (2) 50 332 )

Mercunc nickel chloride, basic, HgCl2,
6NiO, NiCl2-f-20H20, and HgCl2, 7NiO,

NiCIt
(Mailhe, A ch 1902, (7) 27 369 )

Mercunc nickel chloride
Deliquescent (v Bonsdorff )

Mercunc mtrosyl chloride, HgCl2, NOC1

Sol m H20 without effervescence (Sud-
borough, Chem Soc 59 659 )

Mercunc phosphoric chloride, 3HgCl2, 2PCls
Decomp and dissolved by H20 (Baudn
mont, A ch (4) 2 45 )

potassium chloride, 2HgCl2, KCl-f-

asily sol in warm H20 A clear
at 18° is filled with crystals at 15°
i alcohol (v Bonsdorff, Pogg 17

HgU2, KCl-f H2O Easily sol m HA si
sol in alcohol (v Bonsdorff, Pogg 19 336 )

HgCl2, 2KC1+H 0 As above

Solubility determinations show that the
double salts formed by mercuric and potits-
smm chlorides at 25° are

2KC1, HgCl2+H20

KC1, HgCl2+H2O Can be recryst with-
out decomp

KC1, 2HgCl2+2H20 Gives HgGl, on
recryst from H2O (Foote and I evy, Am
Ch J 190b, 35 237 )

Mercurous rhodium chloride

See Chlororhodite, mercurous
Mercunc rubidium chloride, HgCl , RbCl

Sol mH20

HgCl2, 2RbCl Sol m H2O and HCl-f \q
(Godeffroy, Arch Pharm (3) 12 47 )

+2H20 Sol mH20 (Godeffroy )

2HgCl2, RbCl Sol in H2O (Godeffrov )

Solubility determinations show that at 25°
there exist five double mercuric rubidium
chlorides with the following formulas

RbCl, 5HgCl2 Gives HgCl2 on recryst
from H20

SRbCl, 4HgCl2 + H20 Gives RbCl,
5HgCl2 on recryst from H20

RbCl, HgCl2+H20 Gives SRbCl, 4HgCl2
on recryst from H2O

SRbCl, 2HgCla+2H,0 Given iftbOJ,

4HgCl2 on recryst from HjO
2RbCl, HgCli+ftO Giv< s iRbC 1,

4HgCl2 on recryst from Ha()
(Foote and Levy, Am Ch J 1900,85 241 )

Mercurous silver chloride, HgCI, AgCl
(Jones, J Soc Ch(m Ind 1H9J, 12 083}
2HgCl, AgCl Mm Bwtwtt (Jones,

J Soc Chem Ind 1893, 12 98*)
SHgCI, AgCl (Jones, Chem Hoc 1010,

97 338)

Mercunc sodium chloride, HgCli* NaCl

Sp gr at 16°/4° of aqiwnm solution con-
taining 14957% salt »1 HHO, containing

I 1 073o% = 1 09528 (Schdnroc k , Z phys
Ch 1893, 11 782 )

+H*0 (Linebarger, Am Ch J 1H9J, 15
344)

-flHHjO Sol m 033 pt H»O at 15°
(Schmdler, Repert 36 240 )

Extremely easily sol m alcohol < \ oit )

Sol in 275 pts <^thcr Ktht r <lirtH(»!v<m tho
undecomposed salt out of HI<) solution
(Lassaigne, A ch 64 104 )

HgCl2, 2VaCl Ddiquiwtnt \«ry nol
mH20 (Voit,A 104 m)

2HgCl2| NaCl Duomp b\ H2<> in *lil
solution Sol m n«ton< ana i«ti< <th<r
(Lmcbargfr, Am Ch 1 1S<B, 15 iit i

Solubility <1( termination* «hcm thnt th»
onlv double salt formal h\ tmtruni ind
sodium (PilondfH b<t\\«n 10 r in«l J> is

iOl, ItaCl -K2H/) Can hi rur\Mt from
H2() (1'ootf imlliVN, \m < h I l'HM> 36
257)

Mercuric strontium chloride, basic, si< 1 ,
HgO+t)H(>

DtcomplnlH) (\n(it«,( tt 104 HI)

Mercuric strontium chloride, JUgC 1 ^i< 13

2110

I isih Hol in HO (\ BoMsiiorft \
iHj,( 1 »SK 1 -fH>H o \ci\ ...I HI

II O (S\\ in, \m ( h I ISMS 20 h 2 i

Mercurous sulphur chloride
Sff Mercurous sulphochlonde

Mercunc thallous chloride, ll^( 1 IK 1

1 isily sol in HO f luiL.fiisi n I pi Ji
6 SJ)

Mercurous stannous chloride, HK < 1 su< 1
D((omp h> HO (( ipif inn J I»huni
25 510)

Mercunc yttrium chloride,
OHO

1 \ < 1,

Dohqmscxnt Verv sol in HO
A 131 170 )

MERCimOTJS IODIDE

509

Mercuric zinc chloride, HgCl2, ZnCl2

sol m H20 (Harth, Z anorg 1897,

(Varet, C R 1896, 123

^^ HgC1»

C ^HA^tdecomp thereby

/ *T 2ZnC1*> bNH8-i-MHaO As above
(Arum )

Mercuric chloride ammonia, HgCl2, 12NH8

f ^Lm^o11 *mmoma (Franklin, Am Ch
u ImX)) 23 300 )

Mercuric chlonde cadmium oxide, HgCl2,
CMO-j-IIjO

(Mailh<>, \ ch 1903, (7)27 371)

Mercuric chlonde cobaltous oaade, HgCl2,
JCoO «j- l/j>H.%Q

(Muilho, C tt 1901,132 1274)
Mercuric chloride cupric oxide, HgCl2, 3CuO

, Hull So< 1901, (i) 26 791 )

Mercunc chloride hydrazine, Hjz;Cl2, N2H4

\<rvunntable Dtcomp by HaO Pptd
from fibohui Holntion by II O, vory sol m

mm fitnlH with <I«omp

! awil\ HO! in I IX 1 or I1N()8 D(comp by
alkulnn Some what sol in uetuaud (Hof-
itmnn H IW, 30 2020 )

Mercunc chlonde hydroxylamme, IlgCl ,

<«iinpl«tilv sol in nuUrvl ind ethyl al-
cnhol msol m <thei, dn omp b\ II () nnd
N i«>H t \<1 So! in Nil OH.UCl+Aq
« \<1 tin , \in ( fi f I()()J 28 210 )

Mercunc chloride Itad oxide, IF«C I , 2PbO +
JI! 0

M ulh< \ th 1<M)J (7) 27 i72 )

M* rcunc chloride strontium chromate,

JHk< 1 H( I Si( i<)4

^<»1 in II <> witlunil <l<<omp (Iinbdt,
Hull s0i 1S<)7 ( M 17 171 )

Mercuric chloroiodide, 21 1 %( I H^I

Sol n» II () i I nbij. )

Hl^C 1 Hfsl M sol in hot II 0 \vith
jurtnl <l<<oinp Mon ( isih HO! in ihohol
« Kultlii H 12 11S7 )

Mcrcurous fluoride, IL^ I

Duoinp b\ II < ) with s< p ir it ion of lift <)

Mercuric fluoride, Ugl f-JIT ()

!)<romp }>\ (old II (), with separation of
IlK<> S<»1 m (hi IINOa+'Vci, an<l
(1 mk(n«r, PORK 110 (>2H )

Mercurous hydrogen fluonde, Hg2F2, 4HF+

Deliquescent Easily sol in H20 Sol in
dil acids and dil HF (Bohm, Z anorg
190o, 43 327 )

Mercurous silicon fluonde
See Fluosilicate, mercurous

Mercurous fluonde ammonia, Hg2F2, 2NH8
Stable on air (Fmkener, Pogg 110 142 )

Mercurous hydroxide, HgOH

Nearly msol m cold, sol in hot H2O
Sol m NaOH-fAq (Bhadun, Z anorg
1897, 13 410 )

Mercurous wdamide, Hg2(NH2)I

(Rammelsberg, Pogg 48 184 )

Is a mixture of Hg and Hg(NH2)l (Bar-
foed)

Mercurous iodide, Hg2I2

Sol m over 2375 pts H20 (Saladm, J
chim me*d 7 530)

Solubility in H2O=2 6 x 10 8 g -equiv pei
liter (calculated) (Bodlander, Z phys Ch
1898,27 58)

Solubility m H20=3 \ 10 10 mols per litre
at 25° (Shernll, Z phys Ch 1903, 43 735 )

Sol in Hg(N03)2-fAq (Stromann, B 20
2S15)

Sol mKI+Aq Fasilysol mHg,(NO3)2+
Aq SI sol in NH4OH+Aq Sol m hot
NH4ClH-Aq, but less than HgI2 Less sol
in NII4NO3 than m NH4Cl+Aq (Brett )

Partially sol with separation of Hg and
fonriation of Hgl , m cold KI-fAq, hot Nal,
CiI2, br!2, BaI2, MgI2, ZnI2, and NH4I+Aq,
m warm NaCl, KC1 ind NH4Cl+Aq, and
hlowly m hot IICl+Aq (Boullav, A ch (2
34 lr>S )

De cotnp l>y ilkah chlondes+Aq (Miahlo,
A ( h ( i) 6 177 )

Very easily sol in liquid NIIi (Franklin,
Am C h J IV)S 20 S2() )

Not wholl\ msol m ileohol, cthci, err chloi-
ofoim (M _ lep mil Ch 1884 37S )

Deeoin i_ ihnhol, 1000 g bewlmg

ilee)he>l elocornj) vt)e)iit 3 15 g Ilg I2 (Lran-
(,e>iH, C H 1S9(), 121 890)

Hoi ling ilcohol dee omp llg^I to Hg ind
IT^I wine h (hsse)lves until 0220 g Hgl2 ire
ce)iit uned in 100 g ileohol (I<r me,e)is, C R
IS<)(), 121 SSO )

Insol m e olel e thu (I^iane^oib, J Ph irm
1S<)7, ((>), 6 44r> )

Insol m mothylem iodide (R( tgcrs, /
me>rg 3 ^4 5 )

Difhcultly sejl in methyl acetate (Nau-
mann, B 1909, 42 i790 )

Phenol at ISO0 clocomp it into Hg and HgI2
until a state of equilibrium is reached with

510

MERCURIC IODIDE

2 75 g HgI2 to 100 g phenol, above which
point Hgl is si sol (0 05 g in 100 g ) in
phenol-Hg!2 mixture Decomp by cold
aniline more lapidly than by hot Equil-
ibrium is reached when 2635 g HgI2 are
present to 100 g aniline at bpt of aniline
Aniline containing more than 26 g Hgl2 to
100 g dissolves Hgl in considerable quan-
tity (Frangois, C C 1896, I, 470 )

SI sol in benzonitrile (Naumann, B
1914,47 1369)

SI sol in allyl mustard oil (Mathews, J
phys Chem 1905, 9 647 )

Mercuric iodide, HgI2

Sol in 150 (*) pts H2O (Wttrtz )

1 1 H20 at 17 5° dissolves 0 0403 g HgI2
(Bourgoin, A ch (6) 3 429 )

Sol in about 6500 pts H2O CHager )

According to calculation from electrical
conductivity of HgI2-f Aq, HgI2 is much less
sol , 1 1 H20 dissolving only 0 5 mg HgI2 at
18° (Kohlrausch and Rose, Z phys Ch 12
241)

1 1 H20 dissolves 0 054 g HgI2 at 22°
(Rohland, Z anorg 1898, 15 412 )

1 1 H20 at 25° dissolves about 0 06 g
(Morse, Z phys Ch 1902, 41 731 )

1 1 H20 at 18° dissolves 4 x 1(H mol
(Abegg, Z Elektrochem 1903, 9 553 )

Solubility in HO at 25° =000013 mol
liter (Shemll, Z phys Ch 1903, 43 735 )
) dissolves 04 mg HgI2 at 1S°
h, Z phys Ch 1904, 60 350 )
) at 18° dissolves 02 to 04 mg
(Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1908, 64 168 )

The yellow modification is alwavs deposited
from solution even in the pi esence of an < \-
cess of the red form (Gernez, C R 1903,
136 1323)

Sol in many acids, especially in HC1, ind
HI+Aq Insol in HC2H302-{-4q (Beitho-
mot) Scarcely sol m dil HNO,+ Yq

Not attacked by cold PI2SO4 dccomp In
hot (Ditte, A ch 1S79, (5) 17 124 )

Sat solution in H2SO<+Aq contains it
critical temp (1582°), 07% Hpl (Ni^li
Z anorg 1912,75 1S2 )

Sol in hot (NH4) CO3, (MI4) SO, <ol<l
OTUCL NH4N03, or ammonium bti( rin it( -f
Aq (Wittstem)

Sol in HgCl , Hg(NO8) or llz(C2H,<)J +
Aq Easily sol m Na,S2O3+ \q J< isilj s >1
in soluble iodide s+Aq Mon sol m hot th in
m cold Nal or KI+Aq When cone 1 mol
KI in hot solution dissolvo 3 mols H^l , but
a portion separates on (ooling B il , Si I
MgI2, and CaI2 act in th( same u ly 1 isilv
sol m cold, more sol m hot Zn!2-|-Aq, 2 mols
HgI2 being dissolved to 1 mol Znl2 In NHJ
-f-Aq, 3 mols HgI2 aie dissolved to 2 mols
NHJ Abundantly sol in hot KC1, N iCl
NH4Cl+Aq, but separates out on coolme;, ind
the trace remaining may be pptd by HO,
2 g KC1 in solution dissolves 1 166 g HgI2
Sol m HgCl2-j-Aq, and ver> easily sol m

alcoholic solution of HgCl2 (Boullay, A ch
(2) 34 346 )

Solubility m MI+Aq at 25°

Salt

In 10 urn of th< solution

Millimolw HK!,!

Milhmols Halt

Nal

4 12
6 22

9 45

7 04

i* s5

22 25

KI

1 27
1 80
5 10
7 00
12 24

3 03
3 90
10 34
15 54
25 19

CaI2

0 50
2 61
4 40

17 06

0 53
2 52

4 <>S
4 S4
17 90

SrI2

2 12

3 20

5 S2
6 04

2 5*
3 55

5 30
t> OS

Bal

0 50
7 12
S OS
14 ()2

0 00

7 iS
0 7S
15 OS

(Herz and Paul, Z UIOIR 191 3, 82 131)
Solubility of HR! H M in If O

I<ni|> 0

S ih 1 pli i

'? KI

H> I

50 0
44 4
30
37 1
37 S
35 1
35 5
2(> 7

23 7
14 0

10 i
32 i
4S

52 2
50 1

•K) 2
22 5

1

KI

KM KHfcli
KIl^I,

I\H»J H ()
\IWH HjJ

KI

\ i ~f~ i\ i l k l j
KHkIs

KHtfl,, H ()

I Mill

40
"30 b
40
40 2
39 3
33 7
33
31 4
29 1

52 7
52 2
51 2
50 3
10 S
52
51 7
52 2

I

(Dunmngham, Chem hoc 1914, 105 3t>8 )

MERCURIC IODIDE

511

J\l I f XVJL 7Q J

Sol m 109 pts cijst Na2S203+Aq
(hdtr and Him, M 1SS2, 3 197 )

\<ry sol m hot CaCl2+Aq, loss sol m
BaClj, KC1 and NaCl-f-Aq (Lea, Z anorg

Solubility m normal Hg(NO3)2+Aq =
4S 0 g per litre (Morse, Z phys Ch 1902,

I< \tremdy sol m fold cone NH4Br+Aq
(Groasmann, B 190*, 36 160,2)

Sol m alkali sulphite b+Aq (Barth, Z
ph>» Ch 1S92, 9 215)

Sol in Ca«)Cl)2+Aq, sol m KOH+Aq
(Mdsuis, A oh (*) 26 222)

Sol in liquid SO2 (Waldm and Gent-
iles™ u, 0 C 1902, I *44 )

\<ry (asily sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin,
Am Oh ] 1S<)X, 20 S2<) )

Sol m SOC12, S;C1 , SO2Clj, warm AsCk
POC13 (Waiden, Z anorg

(Waldcn, Z anorg

p

HgI2

Sp gr

0
47 06
64 00
78 05
100

0 0013
0 0098
0 0347
0 0981
0 571

0 9187
0 8834
0 8519
0 8155

W(X), 25 212)
]*j isily nol in \sBr-,

1002, 29 m )

hwol in hquul CO 2 (Buohnor, Z phys
<h 1 <H)<>, 54 l>7 O

More sol in ihohol than in II^O 1 1
HO contaimiiK Wc> of <)0r£, akohol dis-
hoh < s 0 OS K HKI 1 1 of alcohol of SO0 B
dissolus 2S">1 K Il«l , 1 1 ibsolutc alcohol

P=g alcohol in 100 g alcohol+Aq
HgI2=milhmols HgI2 in 10 cc of the solu-
tion

p

HgI2

Sp gr

70 01
100

0 061
0 386

0 8636
0 8032

(Bouigom, A <h
(it) 3 i2<) )

Sol in 1 iO pis <old, and 15 pis hot 90%
il<ohol ' H i^< i )

100 pts ihsnlutt rn(th\l ihohol dissolve
{ H> pis i! 19 >° 100 pts ibsolutc (thyl
Ucoliol disMilM 2 (Ml pis it l()r)° (dc
BniMi / ph\s ( h 10 7Si )

0<M)SJ2 pt is sol in 1 pt tlcoliol it lr)°
K. tiilii i incl ( hup\ ( H 1S<)(), 111
(>17 i

100 £ m<fh\l il( oliol dissolu i 7 g IT^T
it I*)0 ( th\I altohol 1 So K propyi ahohol,
12> ^ isohutvl ilcohol, at 225°, 051 %
( Iimof<i<\\ DISSII! 1894 )

\t 1 > 20 100 ^ ni(th\l ilcohol dissolv(
<21 f. H^l <«h\l il«)hol 1 \2 k , pmpyl
iholiol 0 S2h ^ ( Kolil ind, / inoij, 1S()S,

Solubility of HgI2 in methyl alcohol +Aq at
25°

P=g alcohol in 100 g alcohol +Aq
HgI2— millnnols HgI2 in 10 cc of the
solution

(Herz and Anders, Z anorg 1907, 62 165 )

Solubility of HgI2 in ethyl alcohol +Aq at 25°

(Her/ and Anders, Z anorg 1907, 52 170 )

At 15°, 1 pt by weight is sol m —
21SUpts H/)

30 8 pts methyl alcohol of sp gr at 0
70 i " cth>l " " " " "0

at 0 79QO

cth>l
propyi

8100
" "0 8160

121 0

(Rohland, / moia; 1S99, 18 i2S )

Solubility of Ilgl in rnixtuus of nruthyl and
(thyl ilcohol at 25°

l* = % methyl iilfohnl in the mixtutes
H^I =# Ifel in 10 (fin ot the* solution
S25°M°=Sp ^i of <h( sit solution

15 112 )

Solubllll \ ot H^.1 Hi ( th\ 1 ll
\ ^ ilinhnl in 100 k il
11^1 Milllllliols 11^1 H
soltlt inn

\ 1U I

100 i S(>
(> > S2 2 >(>
M2 U 1 02
M, 71 I is

7s 7 > o <)r>
ii7 <>i i o n

«)hol | \q It 2r)°

oho! { \cj
i 100 « oi tlu

0 SO {25
0 S0<)50
0 S15i(>
0 S2()<)()
0 Sl(>r)l
0 S7214

I

lllsl

SJ./4

0
1 i7
10 1
11 02
SO (><)
SI 77
<)1 jr}

100

0 ISO

o !<)•;

0 20S
0 2 {2
0 2S<)
0 2(M)
0 2<)S
0 U(>

0 MHS
0 S(){<)
0 S01(>
0 S077

o sni

0 SI 40
0 S14(>
0 S15(>

(Ifuz and Kuhn, Z moig 1 90S, 58 104)

(H< r/ md KIKH

h, / moife 1905, 45 2bb )

512

MERCURIC IODIDE

Solubility in mixtures of methyl and propyl
alcohol at 25°
P - % propyl alcohol in the solvent
G«g HgI2 in 10 ccm of the solution
S-Sp gr of the sat solution

Solubility in organic solvents at t°

Solvent

t°

100 g of the
solvent dissolve
g HgI2

Chloroform
Tetrachlormethane
Ethylene dichlonde
Isobutyl chloride
Ethyl bromide
Methyl alcohol
Ethyl alcohol
Isopropyl alcohol
Isobutyl alcohol
Methyl formate
Ethyl formate
Methyl acetate
Ether
Acetone
Acetal
Chloral
Epichlorhydnn
Hexane
Benzene
Ethyl acetate

61
75
85 5
69
38
66
78
81
ca 100
36-38
52-55
56-59
35
56
ca 100
96
ca 100
67
80
7^-78

0 163
0 094
1 200
0 328
0 773
6 512
4 325
2 266
2 433
1 166
2 150
2 500
0 470
3 249
2 000

6 113
0 072
0 825

4 200

P

G

S 25°/4°

0
23 8
91 8
93 75
96 6
100

0 316
0304
0 169
0 167
0 153
0 142

08156
0 8155
0 8101
0 8110
0 8108
0 8116

(Hers and Kuhn, Z anorg 1908, 60 158 )

Solubility in mixtures of propyl and ethyl
alcohol at 25°
P= % propyl alcohol in the solvent
G * g SgI2 in 10 ccm of the solution
S«Sp gr of the sab solution

P

G

S 25°/4°

0
8 1
17 85
56 6
91 2
95 2
100

0 180
0 173
0 165
0 155
0 152
0 144
0 142

0 8038
0 8036(?)
0 8043
0 8075
0 8099
0 8108
0 8116

(Sulc, Z anorg 1900, 25 402 )

Solubility m organic solvents at 18-20°
100 g chloroform dissolve 0 040 g HgI2
100 g tetrachlormethane dissolve 0 006 g
HgI2
100 g bromoform dissolve 0 486 g HgI2
100 g ethyl bromide dissolve 0 643 g
HgI2
100 g ethyl iodide dissolve 2 041 g HgI2
100 g ethylene dibromide dissolve 0 748 g
HgI2
(Sulc, Z anorg 1900, 25 401 )

1 nfc pfhvlpnp hrnmirlA rhaonlvruj O ftft^fi^

(Herz and Kuhn, Z anorg 1908, 60 161 )

Solubility in 100 pts amyl alcohol equals
0 66 pts at 13°
3 66 " " 71°
5 30 " " 100°
9 57 " " 133 5°
(Laszcynski, B 1894, 27 2287 )

Sp gr at 16°/4° of HgI2-f alcohol contain-
ing 18358% Hgl =080718, containing
17119% =080597 (Schonrock, Z phys
Ch 1893, 11 770 )

Somewhat sol in ether Sol in 77 pts
ether (Saladin) Sol m 60 pts ether
(Eager)

Sol in cold ether (Francois. 3 Pharm
1897, (6) 6 445 )

Very si sol in anhydrous ether (Hampe )
0 62 pt is sol m 100 pts ether at 0°
0 97 pt is sol in 100 pts ether at 36°
(Laszcynski, B 1894, 27 2286 )

Solubility in ether = 03% at ord temp
(Marsh, Chem Soc 1910, 97 2299 )

Nearly insol m ether (Dunningham
Chem Soc 1914, 105 368 )

Data are given on the system HgI2+KI+
ether (Dunmngham )

Solubility at 23° in chloroform =0071%,
in ether = 0551%, m acetone = 2 005% in
ethyl alcohol =2%, in methyl alcohol -
3975%, in benzene =0247% (Beckmann
and Stock, Z phys Ch 1895, 17 130 )

pts HgI2 at 15° (Gautier and Charpy, C H
1890, 111 647 )

100 pts methylene iodide CH I dissolve
2 5 pts HgI2 at 15°, 16 6 pts at 100°, and r)H
pts at 180° (Retgers, Z anorg 3 252 )

1 1 sat solution m CC14 at 15° contains
0 170 g HgI2 (Dawson, Chem Soc 1909,
96 874)

Sol in 340 pts glycerine (I< urlo>, Monit
Scient (3) 9 685 )

100 pts acetone dissolve 2 09 pts Hgl it
25° (Krug and M'llroy, J \ni\ Ch 6
84)

Sol in acetone and in m< thyl il (I< idmann,
C C 1899, II, 1014)

Solubility in 100 pts acetone equals

2 83 pts HgI2 at — 1°

3 36 " " " 1S°

4 73 " " " 40°
6 07 " " " 5S°

(Laazczynski, B 1894, 27 2287 )

100 g methyl acetate solution, sat at 18°,
contain 1 10 g HgI2 (Bezold, Dissert
1906)

MERCURIC IODIDE

513

100 g boiling methyl acetate slowly dis-
solve 2 3 g HgI2 (Schroeder and Sterner,
J pr 1909, (2) 79 49 )

Solubility in ethyl acetate at t°

Pts sol m 100 pts
ethyl acetate

t°

1 49

— 2

1 56

+17 5

1 64

21

2 53

40

3 19

55

4 31

76

(Laszczynski, B 1894, 27 2286 )

100 g ethyl acetate anhydrous, or sat
with H20 at 18°, dissolve at 18°, 14 70 g
Hgl2 Solubility increases somewhat with
temp (Earners, Dissert 1906)

Solubility of HgI2 in ethyl acetate+Aq at 25°
ethyl acetate in 100 g ethyl acetate

HgI2=millimols HgI2 m 10 cc of the
solution

I

ITU

^p gr

4 39
96 70
100

0 0028
0 412
0 241

0 9973
0 9063
0 9011

(Herz and Anders, Z anorg 1907, 52 172

I pi, is sol in 68 03 pts ethyl acetate at 18°
(Nuuninn, B 1910,43 316)

Solubility in di( thvl oxalatc is 12 5% at
bpt ind 2 r)% at 100° (Rcmders, Z phys
Ch 1000, 32 507 )

Solubility in CS2 at t°

Solubility m CS2

100 g of the sat solution contain at

—86 5° —93° —116°
0024 0023 0017g HgI2

(Arctowski, Z anorg 1896, 11 274 )

0 0028 pt is sol in 1 pt CS2 at 15° (Gau-
tier and Charpy, C R 1890, 111 647 )

1 1 sat solution in CS2 at 15° contains
3 127 g HgI2 (Dawson, Chem Soc 1909,

Very sol in liquid methylamine (Gibbs,
J Am Chem Soc 1906, 28 1419 )

Abundantly sol m methylamine (Fitz-
gerald, J phys Chem 1912, 16 633 )

Somewhat sol in allyl mustard oil (Math-
ews, J phys Chem 1905 9 647 )

Sol m Sb(CH3)4I+Aq -

Very si sol m Na citrate+Aq (Spiller )

1 pt CeH6 dissolves 0 00217 pts HgI2 at
15° (Gautier and Charpy, C R 1890, 111

Solubility m 100 pts benzene equals
0 22 pts at 15°
0 88 " " 60°
095 " "65°
124 " "84°
(Laszczynski, B 1894, 27 2284 )

1 1 C6H6 dissolves 000493 mol HgI2 at
25° (Shemll, Z phys Ch 1903, 43 735 )

100 g boiling phenol dissolve 10 g HgI2
(Francois, C R 1895, 121 769 )

SI sol m phenol ^ith 20% H20 Not very-
sol in acetic acid at 119°, m amyl acetate at
133°, in amyl bromide at 119° Rather sol
in diethyl oxalate at 186°, in ethylene brom-
ide at 131°, in amyl alcohol at 137°, m amyl
iodide at 150°, in CHBr3 at 151°, m lodo-
benzol at 190°, in oil of turpentine at 160°
Very sol in benzaldehyde at 179°, in methyl-
ene iodide at 182° (Remders, Z phys Ch
1900, 32 506 )

1000 pts oil of bitter almonds dissolve 4
pts HgI2 at ord temp , 1000 pts olive oil,
4 pts , 1000 pts poppv oil, 10 pts , 1000 pts
nut oil, 15 pts , 1000 pts castor oil, 20 pts ,
1000 pts lard oil, 4 5 pts , 1000 pts vaseline,
2 5 pts , 1000 pts benzene, 4 pts Sol in
phenol (Mehn, Pharm J 3 327, B 19 8

(

100 pts sat solution
< otilain pts ll^Ia

R)

Solubility m aniline
S = Temp of solidification

—10

r

0 107
0 141
0 173
0 207
0 239
0 271
0 320
0 382
0 445

0
+ 5
10
15
20
25
30

VTols
per 100

&

Molb
per 100

s

Mok
per 100

b

5 9
8 2
10 3
14 9
16 6

12°
22 5
29
41 5
45

19 9
25 8
29 3
31 7
32 4

48 5°
53 5
105
122

(55)

33 0
35 6
37 5
39 2

128°
140
147
156

(Arctowski, Z anorg 1894, 6 267 )

(Staronka, Anz Ak Wiss Krakau, 1910 372 )

514

MERCURIC IODIDE

Solubility of Hglj in aniline at t°

t°

g HgI2
per 100 g
aniline

Solid phase

—6 5

23 35

Hgl, 2C6H5NH2

-fO 4

28 69

178

42 85

c

21 1

47 55

26 9

55 47

30 1

62 05

36 2

75 80

42 9

468*
48 8

96 49
128 1

Hgl

+HgI2(red)
red)

63 6

163 8

70 82

184 1

76 2

201 6

95 9
108 *

246 7

HgI2(red)-f-

HgI2(yeUow)

115 7

281 8

feflow)

137 2

285 2

c

181 1

279

t

199 1

863 2

* Transition point
(Pearce and Fry, J phys Ch 1914, 18 667 )

Very sol in boiling alcoholic solution of
aniline (Vohl, Dissert 1871)

Abundantly sol m hot benzomtnle and
other aromatic nitnles (Werner, Z anorg
1897, 15 7 )

Sol in benzomtnle (098 g m 100 g at
18°) 20 times more sol by addition of
5 g KI to 100 cc benzomtnle (Naumann,
B 1914, 47 1375 )

Sol m pyridme (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4609)

Solubility of HgI2 in pyridme
S=temp of solidification

Mols
per 100

S

Mols
per 100

s

Mols
per 100

S

5

10°

34 6

107°

51 3

935°

9 8

42 5

38 0

103

51 6

96

15 14

66 5

43 0

97

52 7

108

19 3

83

46 7

88 5

53 2

109

26 3

102 5

48 5

89

55 4

122

29 6

107

50 6

89

57 9

135

(Staronka, Anz Ak Wiss Krakau, 1910
372)

Sp gr at 16°/4° of HgI2+pyridine con-
taining 10 43% HgI2 = 1 1482, containing
7 99% = 11053 (Schonrock, Z phys Ch
1893, 11 770 )

Solubility of HgI2 in qumohne
= temp of solidification

Mols
per 100

s

Mols
per 100

S

Mols
per 100

s

4 7
9 1
13 2
23 1

26 7

100°
115 5
133 5
138
145

29 8
31 4
35 4
37 7
41 6

151°
153
156
160
165

43 0
46 1
48 8
49 5
54 4

165°
167
170
169 5
166 5

(Staronka, Anz Ak Wiss Krakau, 1910 372 )

Mol weight determined in pyridme,
methyl- and ethyl-sulphide (Werner, Z
anorg 1897, 15 20 )

More or less sol at high temp in petroleum
(bpt 160-230°), bromnaphthalene, pyndme,
toluidine and amyl alconol (Reinders, Z
phys Ch 1900, 32 503 )

Yellow modification

100 g of safe solution in acetone at 25° con-
tain 3 0 g HgI2 (Reinders, Z phys Ch
1900, 32 514 )

Red modification

Solubility in alcohol equals

0 717-0 724 g in 100 g solution at 0°

1 044-1 084 g " " " 25°

2 10-2 20 g " " " 50°

(Reinders, Z phys Ch 1900, 32 522 )

100 g of sat solution in acetone at 25°
contain 1 95 g Hgl2 (Reinders, Z phys
Ch 1900,32 514)

HgI2 is moderately sol in abs alcohol at
its b -pt The solution has a decided >ellow
color On cooling, yellow crystals separate
out They soon change to the red modifica-
tion

Readily sol in hot amvl alcohol Yellow
crystals separate from the solution when
cooled

Readily sol m illyl alcohol, foimmg a
yellow solution, from which yello\\ crystals
separate on cooling

SI sol in acetone, giving a yellow solution
On cooling yellow plate t> soparito from the
solution and lapidly turn red

Sol in phenol at 150° C Solution h it, yel-
low color and yellow crystals s( p u it< out
on cooling

Readily sol in boiling bon/< no S it in ttod
solution is yellow 1 he yellow iodide sep-
arates out on cooling, md change s i ipidly
to the red

Sol in toluene giving yellow solution, fiom
which yellow crystals sepirit( on cooling
They rapidly change to red

Readily sol in naphth ilene at temp< i atui cs
above its transition point Solution is yellow
and on cooling yellow crystals separate out

Readily sol in hot pseudo-cumene giving
a yellow solution On cooling gives yellow
crystals

Readily sol m ethyl iodide giving very

MERCURIC SODIUM IODIDE

515

yellow solution, from which yellow crystals
separate on cooling, which change to red
rapidly

Only si sol in ethyl bromide, giving yellow
solution from which yellow crystals separate
on cooling, which change rather slowly to
the red

Sparingly sol in isopropyl bromide

Moderately sol in isobutyl bromide, giving
a pink solution from which yellow crystals
separate on cooling, which change slowly to
red

SI sol m ethylidene chloride On sudden
cooling at 18° the iodide crystallizes out in
yellow plates, which quickly change to red

Sparingly sol m propyl chloride, giving a
pink solution, from which yellow crystals
separate on cooling

Readily sol in ethyl cyanide, giving a
yellow solution On cooling vellow crystals
separate and rapidly change to red

Moderately sol m benzene cyanide, giving
a deep yellow solution On sudden cooling
the solution deposits yellow crystals, which
rapidly turn red

Rapidly sol m benzoic acid at high tem-
peratures

Spanngly sol in ethyl acetate, giving
yellow solution

Sol in ethyl propionate

Very sol in ethyl butyrate, giving a yellow
solution On cooling the iodide crystallized
fiom the solution

SI sol m ethyl isobutyrate

Readily sol in methyl salicylate, giving
a yellow solution

Spaimgly sol m phenyl salicylate, giving
yellow solution On cooling yellow crystals
separate out, which gradually change to red
(Kastle, Am Ch J 1S99, 22 474 )

Mercuromercuric iodide, Hg4l6 = HgI2,

Insol in H2O or alcohol P irtially sol m
KIH-Aq, m hot NiCl, and NH4Cl+Aq, and
m hot IK 1+Aq, though very slowly (Boul-
lay, A ch (2) 34 345

Mercuric potassium iodide, HgI2, KI+

Mercury

Sol in KI-fAq DC romp by cold H20 or
al<ohol (Joigonscn, J pi (2)2 347)

Mercuric hydrogen iodide (lodomercunc

acid), HI, IIgra = HHRl,
Ciystilliscs from HI+Aq (Boullay )
Kisily dccomp (Neumann, M 10 236)
illgl,, 2HI+HSO (Franc_ois, Dissert

1901)

Mercuric nickel iodide, HgI2, NiI2+6H20
Sol m alcohol, ether, and acetone, not

decomp by H2O (Dobroserdoff, C C 1901,

II 332)
2HgI2, Nili -f 6H20 Hydroscopic, decomp

by H2O , sol in acetone and ether (Dobroser-

doff, C C 1901, II 332 )

Deliquescent (V Bonsdorff) Permanent,
decomp by H20 into 2KI, HgI2, and HgI2
'Boullay), sol in alcohol, ether, and cone
x!C2E302, but decomp by other acids (Ber-
themot, J Pharm 14 186) Sp gr of sat
solution in H20 =2 4 to 3 1

H-H/) Sol m H20 with decomp Can
be cryst from alcohol Very si sol in dry
ether Very sol m wet ether (Marsh, Chem
Soc 1910, 97 2297 )

HgI2, 2KI Sol m H*O (Thomsen and
Bloxam, Chem Soc 41 379 )

Sat solution of KI+HgI2 in H20 at 22 9°
contains 8 66% K, 22 49% Hg and 52 48% I,
corresponding to 0 22 mol K, 0 11 mol Hg
and 0 45 mol I (Duboin, C R 1905, 141
385 )

gr at 16° /4° of aqueous solution con-
taming 122875% salt = 110148, containing
12 2371% = 11038, containing 79843% =

I 06491 (Schonrock, Z phys Ch 1893, 11
782)

Sol m methyl acetate (Bezold, Dissert
1906)

Sol in ethyl acetate (Alexander, Disseit
1899 , Hamers, Dissert 1906 )

Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,

II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4328 )

Sol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1904, 37 3601 )

+2H20 Sol in alcohol, ether and acetone,
decomp by H20 (Pawlow, C C 1901, I
363)

Solubility determinations show that KHgI3
and KHgIs+H20 are the only double salts
formed at 20°-30° See HgI2+KI under
HgI2 (Dunmngham, Chem Soc 1914, 105
368)

Mercuric rubidium iodide, Hgl , Rbl
Sol m alcohol, decomp by H 0
HgI2, 2RbI Very eabily sol m H20
(Giossmann, B 1904, 37 1258 )

Very sol m acetic acid and alcohol, decomp
by H2O Stable in aq solution in the pres-
ence of an excess of Rbl (Erdmann, Arch
Pharm 1894,232 30)

Mercuric silver iodide, Hglo, 2AgI

(Wegelms and Kilpi, Z anorg 1909, 61
416)

Mercuric sodium iodide, HgI2, Nal
Deliquescent, and decomp by much H20

(v Bonsdorff, Pogg 17 266)
Sol m alcohol, decomp by H 0
HgI2, 2NaI Deliquescent, sol m H2O and

alcohol (Boullay )
Sat solution of NaI+HgI2 m H20 at

2475° contains 459% Na, 25% Hg, and

5825% I, corresponding to 020 mol Na,

516

MERCURIC STRONTIUM IODIDE

0 12 mol Hg, and 0 45 mol I (Duboin, C R

1905, 141 385 )

-f-4KoO Extremely deliquescent (.Du-
boin, C R 1906, 143 314 )

Mercuric strontium iodide, HgI2, SrI2 (?)
Sol in H O without decomp (Boullay )
+SH2O As Ca salt (Duboin, C R

1906, 142 573 )

2HgI2, Srl2 (0 Decomp by much H20
into sol HgI2, SrI2 and insol HgI2 (Boul-
lay)

Mercunc thorium iodide,

18H20
Very deliquescent Easily

H20 (Duboin, A ch 1909, (8) 16 >
5HgI2, 2ThI4+21H20 (Duboin )
2HgI2, ThI4-f 12H2O (Duboin )

Mercunc zinc iodide

Deliquescent Decomp by H20 (v
Bonsdorff )

Mercunc iodide ammonia, HgI2, 2NHs

Decomp by NH3 giving NHg2I and NHJ
(Francois, C R 1900, 130 333 )

Stable only in the presence of excess of
ammonia Gives off NH8 in the air (Fran-
cois J Pharm 1897, (6) 5 388, C C 1897,

Mercunc iodide hydrazine, HgI2, N2H4

Decomp by H20 (Hofmann and Mar-
burg, A 1899, 305 215 )

Mercunc iodide rubidium bromide,
EgI2, 2RbBr

Decomp by H20

Sol in alcohol without decomp (Gros-
mann, B 1903, 36 1603 )

Mercunc iodide silver chloride, Hgl2, 2AgCl
Insol in H20 (Lea, Sill Am J (3) 7
34)

Mercury lodoantimonide, Hg3Sb42HgI2

Sol in HN03 aqua regia and hot H2S04,
insol in HC1 (Granger, C R 1901, 132
1116)

Mercury nitride, Hg3N2

Gradually decomp by H20 Decomp by
cone HNOS, or HCl+Aq (Hirzel, J B
1852 419 )

Not attacked by cold, but decomp by hot
dil H2SO4

Sol in acids -J-Aq

Sol in ammomacal solutions of ammonium
salts

Insol in excess of KNH8 (Franklin, Z
anorg 1905, 46 18 )

Sol in ammonia solutions of ammonium
salts and in aq acid solutions

Very explosive (Franklin, J Am Chem
Soc 1905, 27 835 )
HgN8

See Mercurous azoimide
HgN6
See Mercunc azoimide

Mercurous oxide, Hg20

Insol inH2O Insol in dil HC1 or HN03
-j-Aq Sol in warm cone HC2Hs02-hAq

Sol in 150,000 pts H20 (Bhaduri Z
anorg 1897, 13 410 )

Decomp by H20 or weak bases (Rose),
(NH4)2C08+Aq (Wittstein), KN08+Aq
(Rose), KI+Aq (Berthemot), or cone
NH4Cl+Aq (Pagenstecher) into HgO and
Hg, or HgCl2, etc

SI decomp by alkali chlorides +Aq with
formation of HgCl2, which dissolves
(Miahle )

SI sol in alkali cyanides +Aq (Jahn )

Insol m KOH, and NaOH+Aq

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 829 )

Insol in alcohol and ether

Mercunc oxide, HgO

Sol in 20,000 to 30,000 pts H2O (Bmeau,
C R 41 509 )

Sol m 200,000 pts H20 (Wallace, Ch
Gaz 1858 345)

Ordinary coarse HgO is sol in H O to
the extent of 50 mg per 1 at 25°, but when
finely powdered the solubility mcrciscs to
150 mg per 1 (Hulett, Z phys Ch 1901,
37 406)

Red modification is —

Sol in 19,500 pts H 0 at 25°, m 2,600 pts
H2O at 100° (Schick, Z phys Ch 1903,
42 172)

1 1 H20 dissolves 50 mg i<d modification
of HgO at 25° (iruhtt, Z plijs Ch 1901,
37 406 )

Yellow modification is —

Sol in 19,300 pts H O it 25° in 2100 pts
at 100° (Schick, Z phys Ch 1<XH, 42
172)

Sol in acidfc Insol in ILPOj or Hj \s()4 +
Aq (Haack, A 262 100 )

Scarcely attacked by II C O4-f Aq ( Mil-
Ion, A ch (3) 18 352 )

Solubility of HgO in II1< it 20°
Hg — g -atoms Hg in 1 1 of the solution

HP normal

0 12

0 24

0 57

1 11

2 17

0 01258
0 0247
0 0629
0 1168
0 2586

(Jaeger, Z anorg 1901, 27 26 )

MERCURIC OXYCHLORIDE

517

Solubility of HgO in HF is decreased by the
addition of KF, which proves the non-
existence of complex fluorides (Jaeger )

Insol in H3AsO4, H8P04 and m primary
and secondary alkali salts of these acids
(Haack, A 1891, 262 190 )

Sol in hot NH4Cl+Aq, less in NH4N03+
Aq (Brett)

Insol in KOH, or NaOH+Aq

Decomp by alkali chlorides +Aq nito
HgCl2, which dissolves (Miahle, A ch
(3) 5 177 )

Sol in Fe(N08)s, and Bi(N03)8+Aq with
pptn of oxides SolinKI+Aq (Persoz )

Very sol in acid sulphites -HAq (Barth,
Z phys Ch 1892, 9 192 )

Completely sol in cone CaCl2, BaCl2,
MgCl2, and SrCl2-f-Aq (Andre, C R 1887,
104 431)

Solubility in Ag salts+Aq 100
in aqueous solution dissolve 13 g
ubility in AgNOs+Aq is 15 6 1

(Finci, Gazz

acetate +Aq is 1 137 100
ch it 1911, 41 (2) 545 )

Much less sol in KC1 and NaCl+Aq
than in H20 (Schoch )

Sol in U(N08)3, A1(N03)3 and Fe(NO8)3+
Aq (Mailhe, A ch 1902, (7) 27 373 )

Very si sol m cold Hg(CN)2-f-Aq, abun-
dantly sol at 75° with evolution of HCN
(Barthe, J Pharm 1896, (6) 3 183 )

Sol m cold or hot alcoholic NH4SCN m
large amounts (Fleischer, A 1875, 179
225)

Completely sol in KI-fAq (Jehn, Arch
Pharm 1873,201 97)

Solubility of red or yellow modification in
N/50 KCl+Aq is about 25% greater than
in pure H2O (Schick, Z phys Ch 1903, 42
168)

Insol in liquid HF
1905,46 2)

Insol in liquid NHa
1808, 20 H2Q )

Insol in liquid NH3
J 1898. 20 S29 )

Sol m alcoholic solution of hydioxylamm
hydrobromide below 0° (Adams, Am Ch
J 1902, 28 210)
Insol in ilcohol
Sol in tiichloiaootic acid+Aq (Brand
J pr 1913, (2) 88 342 )

Insol m acetone and in methylal (Eid
mann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Insol m acetone (Naumann, B 1904

37 4329)

When fieshly ppfcd , is msol m acetone -
Aq even on warming, but easily sol if liqm
is made alkaline by NaOH Insol m aceto
phenone even after long warming at 100
Sol in acctaldehyde and much H20 and
little NaOH (Auld and Hantzsch, B 190£

38 2680)

Sol in formamide (Fischer, Arch Pharm
1894, 232 329 )
Very sol in ethylene diamine For 1 mo

HgO, 7-10 mols ethylene diamine are neces-
ary (Traube and Lowe, B 1914,47 1910)

Easily sol in benzamide (Dessaignes,

ch 1852, (3) 34 146 )

When freshly pptd , is sol in picric acid+

1 (Varet, C R 1894, 119 560 )

Sol in alkaline solution of phenol disul-
homc acid (Lumie're and Chevrotier, C R
901,132 145)

Sol in nucleic acid+Aq when freshly
ptd (Schweckerath, Pat 1899 )

Sol in gum arable +Aq (Peschier, J
'harm 1896, (6) 3 509 )

Mercuric oxybromide, HgBr2, HgO
(Andre*, A ch (6) 3 123 )
HgBr2, 2HgO (Andr£ )
HgBr«, 3HgO (a) Yellow Insol in cold,
sol in hot H20 Easily sol in alcohol
Lowig)

&) Brown Insol in alcohol (Rammels-
:>erg, Pogg 65 248 )
HgBr2, 4HgO (Andre)
Insol in ord solvents Decomp by al-
calies and acids (Fischer and von Warten-
•g,Ch Z 1902,26 894)
5HgBr2, 7HgO Readily decomp by acids
and alkalies (Fischer and von Wartenburg )

(Franklin, Z anorg
(Gore, Am Ch
CFranklin, Am Ch

Mercurous oxychlonde, Hg20, 2HgCl

Min Eglestonite

Decomp by hot HC1 and by HN03
;Moses, Am J Sci, 1903, (4) 16 253 )

Mercuric oxychlonde,

HgO, HgCl2 Less sol than HgCl2, but
not isolated (Thummel) Decomp by
cold H20 (Andr<§, A ch (6) 3 118 )

HgO, 2HgCl2 Decomp by warm H2O or
cold alcohol into 2HgO, HgCl2 (Thummel,
Arch Pharm (3) 27 589 )

Decomp by H2O Not decomp by al-
cohol (Arctowski, Z anorg 1895, 9 178 )

2HgO, HgCl2 fwo modifications

A Red Insol in H O, decomp by alkali
carbonates, or chlorides +Aq into 4HgO,
HgCl2

Acted upon by cold alkali carbonates and
alkali chlorides+Aq (Schoch, Am Ch J
1903, 29 335 )

Not decomp by H20 at oid temp (Thum-
mel )

Very si sol m cold, completely sol in
hot H20 (Haack, A 1891, 262 189 )

A small amt of HN03 converts it into a
white powder, more HN03 dissolves it
(Haack, A 1891, 262 189)

B Black Not decomp by alkali chlorides,
or carbonates H-Aq (Thummel )

Not affected by boiling alkali carbonates
or alkali chlorides +Aq (Schoch, Am Ch
J 1901, 29 335 ) , , , ,

Insol in cold and hot H2O and alcohol

Sol in acid (Van Nest, Dissert 1909 )

Not changed by H2O (Blaas, Miner
Mitt (2) 2 177)

518

MERCUROMERCimiC OXYCHLORIDE

Sol in HN08 or HCl+Aq (Blaas )
Not changed by alcohol (Blaas )
+m*0 (Ray, A 1901, 316 255 )
3HgO, HgCl2 Decomp by warm
(Thummel )

Not attacked bv cold H20 (Andr<§ )
Ppt (Tarugi^azz ch it ^901, 31^313, )

D'ecomp by'H20 Not decomp .
cohol (Arctowski, Z anorg 1895, 9 178 )

Three modifications

a Prisms Decomp by boiling H20

b Bnck-red, amorphous

c Yellow plates

(Schoch, Am Ch J 1903, 29 337 )

Yellow plites

Decomp bv hot H20, Na2C08 or NaOH+
Aq Sol in KHC08+Aq Insol m cold dil
HN03 (Tarugi )

4HgO, HgCl2 Decomp by H20 Not
decomp by alcohol (Arctowski, Z anorg
1895,9 178)

Two modifications

A Yellow plates

Easily sol in acids
ether Decomp by JKOH
anorg 1906,49 336)

B Brown, amorphous

Easily sol m acids Decomp by KOH

Insol in alcohol and ether (Dukelski,
Z anorg 1906, 49 336 )

K-p^n TTn.r<i2 (Millon)

ist (Thummel )
12 Does not exist (T )
isol in cold H20 (Roucher, A.
353)

Does not exist (T )

7HgO, 4HgCl2 (Roucher )

Does not exist (T )

Insol in alcohol and
(Dukelski, Z

Mercuromercuric oxychlonde, Hg2OCl

Mm Terlwguaite

Decomp by HC1 and HNOS

Slowly decomp by cold acetic acid when
powdered (Hillebrand and Schaller, J
Am Chem Soc 1907,29 1190)

Mercuric strontium oxychlonde, HgO, SrCl2

+6H20
Decomp by H20 (Andre", C R 104 431 )

Mercuric oxyfluonde, HgO, HgF2+H20

Decomp by H20 Sol in dil HN03+Aq
(Finkener )

Mercunc oxyiodide, 3HgO, HgI2

Decomp byH20 Sol mHI+Aq (Weyl,
Pogg 131 524)

Mercunc oxyphosphide, Hg6P204

Decomp by H20 (Partheil and van
Haaren, Arch Pharm 1900, 238 35 )

Mercunc oxyselemde, 2HgSe, HgO

Easily sol in aqua regia CUelsmann, A
116 122)

Mercury phosphide, Hg8p2

Insol in H50, HN08, or HCl+Aq Easily
sol m aqua regia (Granger, C R 116 229 )

Hg8P4 (Granger, C N 1898, 77 229 )

Mercury phosphochlonde, P2Hg8, 3HgCL-f

3H20

See D*mercunphosphomuni mercunc
chloride

Mercury phosphosulphide, 2HgS, P2S

HgS, P2S

2HgS, P S8 (Berzekus )

3HgS, P2S8 (Baudrimont, C R 56 323 )

2HgS, P2S6 (Berzehus, A 47 256 )

Mercunc selemde, HgSe

Sol in cold aqua regia when crystalline
When precipitated shows the same properties
towards solvents as mercuric sulphide (Reeb
J Pharm (4) 9 173 )

Min Tilmannite Sol only in aqua regia

Mercunc selenochlonde, 2HgSe, HgCl2

Insol in boiling HC1, HN03, or H2S04+
Aq Easily sol m aqua regia and a mixture
of H2S04 and cone HN03-fAq (Uelsmann,
J B 1860 92)

Mercurous sulphide, Hg2S

Insol in HA dil HN08, hot NH4OH, or
(NH4)2SH-Aq Sol m KOH +Aq with separa-
tion of Hg (Rose )

Does not exist, only mixtures of Hg and
HgS are formed (Barfoed, J pr 93 230 )

See also Baskerville, J Am Chem Soe
1903, 25 799 )

Not attacked by HN03 below 0°, but at-
tacked by dil HN03 and HCl-f \q when
temp is increased Sol in N \ S or K S but
Hg soon ppts (Antony and Scstini, Oa^7
ch it 1894, 24, (1) 194 )

Mercunc sulphide, HgS

Insol mH2O

Pptd as a brown coloration in piescncc of
20,000 pts H20, and is a guon coloi Hum m
piesence of 40,000 pts IK) ( I iss u^no )

Much less sol m H () than Ag S or ( u S
(Bodlander, 7. phys Ch 1SOS, 27 <>l )

1 1 H20 dissolves 005X10 ° mols HtfS at
18° (Weigcl, Z ph>s Ch 1<)()7 58 2<)t)

Sol m cold cone , indmhotrhl JII + \qor
HBr+Aq (Kokulc, A Suppl 2 101 ) V<ry
si decomp by hot cone IKl + Aq Not it-
tacked by hot HNO3 + Aq Sol in cold ujui
regia

Not attacked by 4-N HNO3 or 4-N HN03
+4-N H2S04 at ord temp even aftc r many
days By action of a mixture of equal volumes
of 4-N HNO3 and cone H^SO4, there was
slight action on pptd HgS after 14, more
action after 62 days If HgS is boiled with
the 4r-N acids, oxidation takes place most
rapidly with 4r-N HN03, then the mixture
66 7% 4r-N H2S04+ 33 3% 4r-N HNO8, then

MERCURIC STJLPHOIODIDE

519

33 3% 4-N H2S04+66 7% 4r-N HN08, and
lastly 4r-N H2S04 alone (Moore, J Am
Chem Soc 1911, 33 1094 )

Cold cone H2SO4 does not attack red or
black HgS, but they are attacked by hot acid
(Berthelot, A ch 1898, (7) 14 198 )

Freshly pptd HgS is msol m dil KCN+
Aq (Berthelot)

Sol m K2S+Aq, but readily only in pres-
ence of free alkali (Brunner, Pogg 16 596 )
Insol in boiling KOH+Aq

Sol in KSH or NaSH+Aq Very si sol
in cold yellow (NH4)2S+Aq Insol in KCN
or Na2S203 -h Aq (Fresemus )

Easily sol in cone Na2S or K2S+Aq,
even in absence of KOH or NaOH Insol in
(NH4)2S+Aq Sol in CaS, BaS, or SrS+Aq
Insol in NaSH or KSH+Aq (de Koninck,
Z angew Ch 1891 51 )

Solubility in NaSH is very small in com-
parison with that in Na2S+Aq (Knox.
Trans Faraday Soc 1908, 4 30 )

Solubility m BaS is practically equal to
that m Na2S (JKnox )

All cryst modifications are sol in cone
K2S and in cone Na2S+Aq (Allen and
Crenshaw, Am J Sci 1912, (4) 34 368 )
Sol in potassium thiocarbonate+Aq
(Rosenbladt, 2 anal 26 15 )

Sol m alkali sulpho-molybdates, -tung-
states, -vanadates, -arsenates, -antimonates,
and -stannates (Storch, B 16 2015 )

1 1 BaS2H2+Aq containing 50 g Ba dis-
solves no HgS in the cold, but 50-60 g at
40-50°

Insol m liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
189S, 20 829 )

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014)

Insol in pyndine (Schroeder, Dissert
1901)

Insol m ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1910, 43 314 )

]<xistb in a colloidal state, sol m H20
(Wmn&mgcr, Bull Soc (2) 49 452 )

Mm Cinw bar Insol in H20, alcohol,
dil xcids or alkaline solutions

Dcoomp by hot dil HN03+Aq Not
decomp by HCl+Aq, but easily by hot
II bO4 or aqua, rogn Easily sol in CuCl2-f-
Aq (K irstcn )

bol m a mixtuic of Na2S and NaOH when
pros( nt m the propoition of HgS 2Na2S

Sol in pure Ni2b-fAq or in mixtures of
Na S ind N ibH+Aq Insol m cold NaSH +
Aq, but sol on warming with evolution of
H2S (Booker, Sill Am J (3) 33 199 )
Insol m acetone (Krtig and M'Elroy )
Cinnabar is easily sol in 20% HBr+Aq
(Rising and Lenher, J Am Chem Soc 1896,

"I Q (\f \

Sol in S2C12 (Smith, J Am Chem Soc
1898, 20 291 )

Mercuric platinum sulphide
S(e Sulphoplatinate, mercuric

Mercuric potassium sulphide, K2S, 2HgS

Decomp into its constituents by H20, de-
comp by HC1, and HN03-f-Aq, and by hot
KOH, and NH4OH+Aq (Schneider, Pogg
127 488)

K2S, HgS+5H20 Decomp by H«0 or
alkalies (Weber, Pogg 97 76 )

-f H20 (Ditte )

+7H20 Sol m K2S+Aq (Ditte, C R
98 1271 )

K2S, 5HgS+5H20 Easily decomp by
H20 (Ditte )

Mercuric sodium sulphide, HgS, Na2S+
8H20

Decomp by H20 or alkalies

5HgS,2Na2S+3H20 Decomp by H20
(Knox, Trans Faraday Soc 1908, 4 36 )

Mercuric sulphobromide, 2HgS, HgBr2

Insol ni H20 Not attacked by boiling
HN08 or H2S04 (Rose )

Mercuric sulphochlonde, 2HgS, HgCl2

Insol m H20, cold or hot, dil or cone
HN08, H2S04, or HCl+Aq (Rose, Pogg 13
59)

Decomp by hot aqua regia

By boiling with oil HN03, H2S04 and
HC1, Hg and Cl go into solution (Hamers,
Dissert 1906)

Insol m H20 and H2S04 Partly sol ni
HC1 and HN08, easily sol m aqua regia
(Alexander, Dissert 1899 )

Sol in aqua regia (Demges, Bull Soc
1915, (4) 17 356 )

3HgS, HgCl2 Properties as the above
comp (Poleck and Goercki, B 21 2415 )

4HgS, HgCl2 As above (P and G )

5HgS, HgCl2 As above (P and G )

Insol in alkali sulphides and in fuming
HN08. decomp by NaOBr+Aq and by
KOH (Bodroux, C R 1900, 130 1399 )

SI sol in solutions of alkali sulphides unless
heated (Berzehus )

Easily sol m alkali sulphides +Aq, slowly
sol in alkalies or alkali hydrosulphides-fAq
(Atterberg, J B 1873 258 )

Mercurous sulphota/nj chloride, Hg2SCl4

Decomp by H20 with separation of S,
HgCl2 going into solution (Capitame, J
Pharm 25 525)

Mercuric sulphofluonde, 2HgS, HgF2

Decomp by boiling H20 Not decomp by
hot HC1 or HNOs+Aq, but gives HF with
hot H2SO4+ Aq (Rose, Pogg 13 66 )

Mercury sulpho^umde, HgN2S, NH3
Ppt (Ruff, B 1904, 37 1585 )

Mercuric sulphoiodide, HgS, HgI2
Ppt (Rammelsberg, Pogg 48 175 )
2HgS, HgI2 (Palm, C C 1863 121 )

520

MERCURIC SULPHOIODIDE AMMONIA

Insol in mm acids with exception of aqua
regia (Earners, Dissert 1906 )

Mercuric sulphoiodide ammonia, 2HgS,

HgI2, NH8
(Foerster, Ch Z 1895, 19 1895 )

Mercuric telhiride, HgTe

Min Coloradoite Sol in boiling HN03-f-
Aq with separation of H2TeOs

Metastanmc acid
See Stannic acid.

Molybdatoiodic acid
See Molybdoiodic acid

Molybdenum, Mo

Not attacked by HC1, HF, or dil H2SO4-f
Aq Sol in cone H2S04 Very easily sol in
aqua regia Oxidised by HN08 + Aq either to
molybdenum oxide, which dissolves in HN08,
or, if HN08 is in excess, to molybdic acid,
which remains undissolved

Attacked by HN08+Aq containing 3-70%
HNOs, but only slowly by 70% acid, with
formation of insol white powder, much more
vigorously by 50% acid, in which case a clear
solution is formed (Montemartini, Gazz ch
it 22 384)

Not attacked by alkalies -f Aq (Bucholz,
Scher J 9 485 )

With a sp gr 9 01, the metal is malleable
and sol in a mixture of HF and HN08, sol
in fused KC1O3 (Moissan, Bull Soc 1895,
(3) 13 966 )

Ductile Mo is moderately quickly attacked
by HN08, H2S04 and HC1 (Fink, Met
Chem Eng 1910, 8 341 )

Not immediately attacked by cold dil
HNOs Not attacked by dil and cone
H2SO4 Boiling dil HC14-Aq does not at-
tack, cone dissolves traces by long heating
Sol in aqua regia (Lederer, Dissert 1911 )

Dil HC1 dissolves 203% Mo at 110° in
18 hrs More slowly sol in HC1 (sp gr
115)

Insol in dil H2S04 at 110° Slowly sol
in cone H2SO4 (sp gr 1 82) at 110°, rapidly
sol at200°-250°

Slowly sol in cone HNO3 (sp gr 1 40),
rapidly sol m dil HNO3 (sp gr 1 15)

Rapidly sol in hot aqua regia Insol in
hot or cold HF (Ruder, J Am Chem Soc
1912, 34 388 )

Insol m KOH+Aq Sol in fused KOH
(Ruder, J Am Chem Soc 1912, 34 389 )

Insol in liquid NH8 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 828 )

Molybdenum acichlonde
See Molybdenyl chloride

Molybdenum amide, OH Mo02 NH2

Very unstable Insol in abs alcohol
(Fleck, Z anorg 1894, 7 353 )

Molybdenum amide nitride, Mo5Ni9H4 =

4MoN2, Mo(NH2)2

Not attacked by HC1, or dil HN03+Aq
(Uhrlaub )

Molybdenum amidochlonde, Mo2(NH2)8Cl3

Insol in H20 and dil acids (Rosenheim,
Z anorg 1905,46 317)

Molybdenum amidochlonde ammonia,

Mo2(NH2)8Cl8, 10NH3
Unstable in the air (Rosenheim, Z anorg
1905,46 319)

Molybdenum boride, Mo3B4

Moderately attacked by hot cone acids
and vigorously by hot aqua regia (Tucker
and Moody, Chem Soc 1902, 81 17 )

Molybdenum ^bromide, MoBr2 =Mo8Br4Bro
See Bromomolybdenum bromide

Molybdenum Znbromide, MoBr3

Not decomp by H20 Boiling cone HC1,
and cold dil HN03-fAq do not attack appre-
ciably Dil alkalies act slowly, but decomp
with separation of Mo203 on boiling (Blom-
strand, J pr 82 435 )

Molybdenum Mmbromide, MoBr4

Rapidly deliquescent, and easily sol m
H2O (Blomstrand, J pr 82 433 )

Molybdenum bromochlonde, etc
See Bromomolybdenum chloride, etc

Molybdenum bronze
See Molybdate molybdenum oxide, sodium

Molybdenum carbide, Mo2C

Insol in HN08 (Moissan, Bull Soc
1895, (3) 13 967 )

MoC Does not decomp H2O even at
500-600° Slowly attacked by hot HC1, HF
and hot cone H2S04 Easily decomp by
HN"O8 Not attacked by NaOH+Aq or
KOH-f-Aq (Moissan and Hoffmann, C R
1904, 138 1559 )

Molybdenum carbonyl, Mo(CO)6

Quickly attacked by bromine Sol in
ether or benzene (Mond, Hirtz and Cowap,
Chem Soc 1910, 97 808 )

Molybdenum cfochloride, MoCl2 = Mo3Cl4Cl2
See Chloromolybdenum chloride

MOLYBDENUM NITRIDE

521

Molybdenum inchlonde, MoCl8
Insol in H20 or boiling cone HCl+Aq

Easily sol , especially when heated, m HNO8

+Aq Sol ni H2SO4 Decomp by NH4OH,

KOH, or NaOH+Aq

SI sol in alcohol (Leichti and Kempe )
Practically insol m alcohol and ether

(Hampe, Ch Z 1888, 12 5 )

Molybdenum tetrac&Londe, MoCl4

Dehquescenfc Hisses with little H20, but
only partly sol m more H20 Only si sol in
cone HCl-fAq Sol in H2S04 or HNO8+
Aq Partly sol in alcohol and ether (Liechti
and Kempe )

Molybdenum pentaddonde, MoCl6

Very deliquescent Sol in HoO with ex-
treme evolution of heat Sol in HC1, HN03,
or H2S04+Aq

When freshly prepared, is incompletely sol
m H20, but after standing is easily sol with
hissing (Kalischer, Dissert 1902 )

Sol in a small amt of cone JEEC1 (Hampe,
Ch Z 1888, 12 5 )

Sol in absolute alcohol or ether (Liechti
and Kempe )

Sol in CHC13 and in CC14 Sol with hissing
in many organic solvents (ethers, alcohols,
ketones, aldehydes, acids, acid esters, acid
anhydrides, amines) Sol in cinnamic alde-
hyde (Kalischer, Dissert 1902 )

Molybdenum hydroxyl chloride, Mo(OH)2Cl2
Easily sol in H20 (Debray, C R 46
1101)

Molybdenum 'e£rachlonde phosphorus penla-
chlonde, MoCl4, PC15

Sol m H20

MoCl4, 2PC15 Sol m H>0 (Cronander,
Bull Soc (2) 19 500 )

Molybdenum phosphorus

MoCl6, PC16
Easily dccomp (Smith and Sargent, Z
anorg 1S94, 6 385)

Molybdenum phosphoryl chloride, MoCl6,

POC13

Decomp by H O, insol m CS2, sol m
C6H6 and CHC13

Molybdenum /nchloride potassium chloride
Efflorescent Dccomp with H2O (Ber-

2 elms )
MoCl3, 3KC1 Very sol in H2O Nearly

insol in alcohol and ether (Chilesotti, C C

1903,11 652)

-f 2H20 Fairly easily sol m cold H2O

without any apparent decomp Decomp m

aqueous solution, slowly in the cold but

rapidly on boiling This decomp is pre-

vented by the presence of HC1

SI sol in cone HC1 (Henderson, Proc
Chem Soc 1903, 19 245 )

Molybdenum rubidium chloride, Rb2MoCls

+H20

Sol in H2O Nearly insol in alcohol and
ether (Chilesotti, C C 1903, II 652 )

Molybdenum pentaddonde nitrogen sul-

phide, MoCl6, N4S4

Decomp in moist air (Davis, Chem Soc
1906, 89, (2) 1575 )

Molybdenum teafluoride, MoF6

Decomp by a little H20 with separation
of blue oxide Sol in large amount of H20
forming a colorless solution

Absorbed by alkalies and NH4OH+Aq
(Ruff, B 1907, 40 2930 )

Molybdenum fluoride with MF
See Fluomolybdate, M

Molybdenum potassium tfnfluonde (?)
Precipitate Sol m HCl-fAq

Molybdenum potassium tefrafluoride (?)
SI sol mHoO (Berzekus)

Molybdenum sesgiwTiydroxide, Mo206H6

Difficultly sol in acids Insol in KOH,
NaOH, NH4OH, or K2CO8+Aq Somewhat
sol in (NH4)2C08+Aq, but pptd on boiling
(Berzekus )

Molybdenum hydroxide, Mos08, 5H20

Easily sol m H2O Insol m CaCL»,
NH4C1, or NaCl+Aq SI sol m alcohol

(Berzehus )

i

Molybdenum d/hydroxide, MoO2, xH. O

Slowly and not abundantly sol m H2O,
from which it is precipitated by NH4C1 and
other silts Gelatinises by standing in closed
vessels or by evaporating on the air Sol in
the ordinary acids Insol in KOH, or NaOH
+Aq Sol m alkali cirbonates+Aq

Molybdenum ^iodide, MoI2

Insol in H2O and alcohol SI attacked
by cold H2SO4 01 HNO3 (Guichard, A
ch 190], (7) 23 5t>7)

SI decomp H20 at oidmaiy temp Slowly
sol m H2S04 and HNOa (Guichaid, C R
1896, 123 822 )

Molybdenum tetraiodide (?)
Completely sol m water (Berzehus )

Molybdenum nitride, Mo6N3, ind MoBN4

(Uhrlaub )

See Molybdenum amide

Mo3N2 (Rosenheim, TL anoig 1905, 46
317)

522

MOLYBDENUM OXIDE

Molybdenum mon oxide, MoO

Known only as hydroxide (Blomstrand, J
pr 77 90)

Molybdenum .
Insol in acids or alkalies
See Molybdenum sesquihyfaoxide

Molybdenum t&oxide, Mo02

Insol inHCl or HF+Aq SI sol in cone
H2S04 HNO8 oxidises to Mo03 Not at-
tacked by KOH+Aq (Ulhk, A 144 227 )

SI sol

Molybdenum /noxide, Mo08

Sol in 500 pts cold, and much less hot H20
(Bucholz )

Sol in 960 pts hot H2O (Hatchett )

Sol in 570 pts cold, and much less hot H20
(Dumas)

Sol in acids before ignition Insol in acids,
but si sol in acid potassium tartrate-f Aq
after ignition Sol in alkalies or alkali car-
bonates+Aq

Sol in NH4OH+Aq

See also Molybdic acid

Mm Molyldite Sol in HCl+Aq

*e, Mo20fi

and HC1, only si sol in
B 1901,34 151)
_D! in H20 (2 g in 1 1
±I4Cl-fAq Insol in caustic z

— ~, ouiiiewhat sol in NH4OH Much
more sol in M2C08+Aq and m (NH4)2C03-f
Aq (Klason, B 1901, 34 150 )

Mo4Oio+3H20 (Smith and Oberholtzer,
Z anorg 1893,4 243)

Mo4On+6H20 SolmH20 (Bailhache,
C R 1901, 133 1212 )

MofiOi4+6H20 Very sol mH20 (Guich-
ard, C R 1900, 131 419 )

Mo7020 Sol m H20 (Jumus. Z anorg
1905, 46 447 )

Mo20041+21H20 = Mo205, 18Mo02-f
21H20 Easily sol m H2O Insol in NH4C1
-f Aq (Klason, B 1901, 34 160 )

Mo26077+24H20 = Mo205, 24Mo03-f
24EUO (Klason, B 1901, 34 159 )

3Mo203, 2Mo7024+18H20 Sol m H20
(B )

It is probable that the five blue oxides of
molybdenum described by Klason (B 34,
148 158) and Bailhache are either the blue
oxide Mo60i4 prepared by the author or mix-
tures of this compd with molybdenum tn-
oxide (Guichard, C R 1902, 134 173 )

Mo60i2 Not attacked by ammonia, easily
oxidised by HN08+Aq Not attacked by
HC1 or H2SO4+Aq (Wohler, A 110 275)

Formula is Mo308, according to Wohler,
but Muthmann (A 238 108) has shown that
correct formula is Mo5d2

Not attacked by boiling alkalies, HC1, or
dil H2S04-f Aq Sol m cone H2S04, with

subsequent decomp Sol m aqua regia, and
C12 + Aq (Muthmann )

Mo808 Sol in H20 (Muthmann, A
238 108)

Mm Ilsemanmte (?)

-f 5H20 Moderately sol in H20 (Mar*
chetti, Z anorg 1899, 19 393 )

Mo60r (v d Pfordten, B 16 1925 )

Molybdenum tfnoxide ammonia, MoOs, 3NH8

Unstable in air Very sol in H20 with
evolution of ammonia (Rosenheim, Z
anorg 1906, 60 303 )

3Mo08, NH8+HH20 True composition
of commercial molybdic acid (Klason, B
1901, 34 156 )

NH4H3Mo60i2 Very si sol in cold, easily
sol in hot H20 with partial decomp (Klason,
B 1901.34 156)

3MoOs, 3NH3 +7H20 = (NH4) 3H3Mo8Oi2
H-4H20 True composition of Rammelsberg's
3^NH4)20, 7Mo08+12H20 (Klason, B
1901, 34 155 )

4Mo03, NH8+6H20 Very si sol in cold,
very easily sol m hot H20 An msol modi-
fication with less H20 gradually cryst out
(Mylius, B 1903, 36 639 )

4Mo08, 2NH8+3H20 (Klason, B 1901,
34 156)

6Mo08, 3NH3+5H20 Very si sol in
cold, more easily sol in hot H2O, with partial
decomp (Klason, B 1901,34 156)

12Mo03, 3NH3-hl2H20 (Klason, B
1901.34 158)

12ivio03, 3NH3, 12H20+3Mo03, SH O
Moderately sol in boiling H2O (Klason )

15Mo03, 3NH3-f-6H2O Insol in HO
(Klason )

4Mo03, Mo02, 2NH3-f-7H O Slowly sol
in H20, fau-ly stable, gradually decomp b;

(Hofmann, Z anorg 189(>, 12

dil acids
280)

Molybdenum /r/oxide ammonia hydrogen
peroxide, 18Mo03, 14NII3, iUaO^+
18H20

Sol in H20 bp gr of sit solution =
1486 at 17 4° (Bacrwald,B 1SS4, 17 1200)

Molybdenum oxybromide
See Molybdenyl bromide

Molybdenum oxychlonde
Sec Molybdenyl chloride

Molybdenum oxyfluonde
See Molybdenyl fluoride

Molybdenum oxyfluonde with MF

See Fluoxymolybdate, M, and Fluoxyhypo-
molybdate, M

Molybdenum phosphide, Mo2P2

GraduaUysol mhotHN08+Aq (Wohler
and Rautenberg, A 109 374 )

MOLYBDENYL RUBIDIUM CHLORIDE

523

Molybdenum selemde, MoSe3

Not obtained pure (Uelsmann, A 116
125)

Molybdenum silicide

Sol m HF, only very si sol in other acids
(Warren, C N 1898, 78 319 )

MoSi2 Insol in all mm acids, sol in a
warm mixture of HF+HN03 (Defacqz,
C R 1907, 144 1425 )

Insol in mm acids, sol in HF+HN08
Unattacked by 10-20% KOH+Aq De-
comp by fused NaOH (Homgschmid, M
1907,28 1020)

Not attacked by boiling HNO8, aqua regia
or HF (Watts, Trans Am Electrochem
Soc 1906, 9 106 )

Mo2Si3 (Vigouroux, C R 129 1238 )

Molybdenum cfosulphide, MoS2

Insol in H2O Easily sol in aqua regia
Easily oxidised by HN08 Sol m boiling
H2S04 SI attacked by KOH+Aq (Ber-
zehus )

Mm Molybdenite Sol m HNOs+Aq,
with separation of Mo08, sol in aqua regia,
very si sol m H2S04

Molybdenum insulphide, MoS3

Somewhat sol in H20, especially if hot, but
pptd by an acid Difficultly sol except when
boiled with KOH+Aq SI sol in solutions
of alkali sulphides unless heated (Berzehus )

Easily sol in alkali sulphides +Aq, slowly
sol in alkalies or alkali hydrosulphides+Aq
(Atterberg, J B 1873 258 )

Molybdenum Iclr ^sulphide, MoS4
Not decomp by hot H 0 or acids
SI sol m cold ilkali sulphides +Aq, but

easily by boiling (Berzehus )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J

1898, 20 828 )

Molybdenum 6esg?usulphide, Mo2S3

Insol m HC1 «uid H SO4, sol in hot cone
HNO3 and aqua regia (Guichard, C R
1900, 130 13S )

Molybdenum sulphide with MS
S<' Sulphomolybdate, M

Molybenum sulphochlonde, Mo6$8Cl9

Insol m H2O and alkalies Slowly sol in
cone HNO3 (Smith and Oberholtzer, L
anorg 1894, 5 67 )

Molybdenyl monamide, NH4Mo04 or

Molybdenyl bromide, Mo02Br<>

Dehquescent, and sol in H20 with shght
evolution of heat

Mo203Br4 Unstable in air (Smith and
Oberholtzer, Z anorg 4 236 )

Molybdenyl potassium bromide, MoOBrs,

2KBr

(Wemland, Z anorg 1905,44 109)
MoOBr8, JKBr+2H2O (Wemland, Z

anorg 1905,44 110)

Molybdenyl rubidium bromide, MoOBrs,

2RbBr
(Wemland, Z anorg 1905,44 108)

Molydenyl chlonde, MoO2Cl2

Sol m H20 and alcohol

Abundantly sol in abs alcohol Not very-
sol in abs ether (Hampe, Ch Z 1888, 12
23 )

+H20 Composition settled bv mol wt
determinations Dissociates in alcohol and
m H20 (Vaudenberghe, Z anorg 1895, 10

52)

Very hygroscopic Sol m acetone, ether
and alcohol (Vaudenberghe, I c )

MoOCU Dehquescent Sol in little H2O
with violent action More H20 decomposes
(Puttbach, A 201 123 )

Formula is Mo9O8Cls2, according to Blom-
strand (J pr 71 460)

Mo203Cl4 (Puttbach, I c)

Mo203Cl6 Dehquescent Sol inH2Owith
very shght evolution of heat and subsequent
formation of precipitate (Blomstrand)

Sol in acids (Puttbach, A 201 129 )

Mo«0|Cl« Dehquescent, and sol m Hot)
(Blomstrand ) __ a -

Mo305Cl« Insol in HC1 and coW I H2S04
Sol in hot HoS04 and HN03 (Puttbach, A

2°Mofo3Cl7 Difficultly sol in HC1 Easily
sol in HNO3, and alkahes+Aq (Puttbach )

Molvbdenyl potassium chlonde, MoO2Cl2,

KC1+H O

(Wemland, Z anoig 1905, 44 97 )
+2H20 (Wemland, Z anorg 1905, 44

^eMoOjCl^.^KCl+bH^O (Wemland, Z
O Sol m HO (Nor-
Soc 1903,

(Rosenheim, Z anorg 1905, 46 318 )

19 245 )

Molybdenyl rubidium chlonde, MoOjCl ,

RbCl+H20
Mo02Clo, 2RbCl (Weinland, Z anorg

19MoOC&bCl 81 sol in Hrf> Lessso^
than K salt (Nordenskjold, B 1901, 34
1573)

524

MOLYBDENYL FLUORIDE

Molybdenyl fluonde, Mo02F2

Decomp rapidly in moist air (Schulze, J
pr (2) 21 442 )

Very hydroscopie Sol in a little H20 giv-
ing a blue solution, in more H20 giving a
colorless solution

Sol in AsCls, SiCl4, S02C12 and PC18 On
warming these solutions, gas is evolved

Insol in toluene Nearly msol in ether,
CHC18, CC14, and CS2 Sol in warm pyridine
and m ethyl and methvl alcohol (Ruff, B
1907,40 2934)

MoOF4 Very hydroscopic Decomp by
H20 and cone H2S04 Decomp by alcohol
Sol in ether and CHC18 with evolution of gas
Insol in toluene Very si sol in benzene
and CS2 (Ruff, B 1907, 40 2932 )

Mo208F4 Deliquescent Easily sol mHF
-f-Aq, not m H20 (Smith and Oberholtzer )

Molybdenyl fluoride with MF

See Fluoxymolybdate, M, and Fluoxyhypo-
molybdate, M

Molybdenyl hydroxide, MoO(OH)3

2 g are sol m 1000 cc H20, msol in H20-f-
NH4C1, only si sol in NH4OH and alkali
carbonates+Aq (Klason, B 1901,34 151)

Molvbdic acid, H2Mo04

i. 144 217 )

msol m H20 (Vivier, C R 106

v*j spanngly sol in cold H20, more sol
m hot H20 (Rosenheim and Bertheim, Z
anorg 1903, 34 435 )

a-modification

Solubihty of Mo08, H20 (a-modification) in

F20 at t°
1000 g H20 dissolve g Mo08

t°

G MoOs

t°

G Mo03

14 8

2 117

42 0

3 446

15 2

2 131

45 0

3 661

24 6

2 619

52 0

4 184

25 6

2 689

60 0

4 685

30 3

2 973

70 0

4 231

36 0

3 085

80 0

5 212

36 8

3 295

(Rosenheun and Davidsohn, Z anorg 1903,
37 318 )

(0 modification), Mo03, H20 From
MoOs, 2H20 at 60°-70° (Rosenheim and

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 828 )

Easily sol m H2S04 (Ruegenberg and
Smith, J 4jn Chem Soc 1900, 22 772 )

H4Mo06 Sol m H20 and acids (Mil-
Imgk)

Solvent

t°

G Mo03

10% (NH4)2S04
10% NHJBS04

C(

(t

29 6
31 5

41 8
49 7

19 27
27 53
34 36
37 69

Very sol m H20 (Myhus, B 1903, 36,
638)

Solubihty of Mo03, 2H20 in H20
1000 g H20 dissolve g Mo08 at t°

t°

G MoOs

t°

G Mo03

18
23
30
40
48
50 2
54

1 066
1 856
2 638
4 761
6 360
6 873
7 855

59
60
66
70
74 4
75
79

11 258
12 057
17 274
20 550
20 904
20 920
21 064

(Rosenheun and Bertheim, Z anorg 1903,34
430)

Solubihty of Mo08, 2H20 in ammonium salts

-f-Aq at t°
1000 g of the solvent dissolve g Mo08

(Rosenheun and Davidsohn, Z anorg 1903.
37 315)

H6MoO<i (?) Known only m solution
H2Mo207 Easily sol m H20 (Ulhk )
H2Mo4Oi8 Easily sol m H 0 (U )
H2Mo8025 Easily sol m H 0 (U )
Molybdic acid also exists m a colloidal

modification, sol m H 0 (Giahim, C R

59 174)

Molybdates

The normal molybdatcs of the alkali metals
are easily sol m H/), whih the others are
si sol or msol theicm

The frimolybdates aio si sol in cold, but
very easily sol m hot H20

The teli amolybdates arc easily sol in II 0

Aluminum molybdate, Al10Mo O ,
Precipitate (Gcntc Ic , I pr 81 414)
Contains aluminum hydm\id< tnd sul

phate (Stiuve, J pr 61 441 )

Aluminum ammonium molybdate
See Alununicomolybdate, ammonium

Aluminum barium molybdate
Sec Alumirucomolybdate, barium.

Ammonium molybdate, (NH4)2MoOi
Efflorescent through loss of NH^, decomp

by H20 into acid salt (Svanberg and btruve )
Insol m liquid NH-, (Franklin, Am Ch

J 1898, 20 826 )

MOLYBDATE, AMMONIUM MANGANOUS

525

(NH4)2Mo207 Sol mH20

+H2O=NH4HMo04 Sol in H20 Sol
in 2-3 pts H2O (Brandes, Mauro, Gazz
ch it 18 120)

(NH4)6Mo7024+4H20 (Commercial am-
monium molybdate )

Not efflorescent Sol in H20 (Delafon-
taine, N Arch Sc ph nat 23 17 )

According to Struve and Berlin «

According to Mangnac and Delffs =
(NH4)HMo04 The true composition of
commercial ammonium molybdate is
(NH4)10Moi2041 (Junius, Z anorg 1905,

H-12H20 More sol than the above
(Rammelsberg, Pogg 127 298 )

Insol m acetone (Krug and M;Elroy, J
Anal Appl Ch 6 184)

(NH4)loMoi2O4i True formula for com-
mercial ammonium molybdate (Sand and
Eisenlohr, Z anorg 1907, 52 68 )

+7H20 (Junius, Z anorg 1905, 46 428 )

(NH4)4Mo6Oi7+H20 (Jean, C R 78
436)

(NH4)2Mo2Oi9+H20 Very difficultly sol
in cold, easily sol in hot H20 (Berlin, J pr
49 445)

Easily sol in NH4OH+Aq (Kammerer,
J pr (2) 6 358 )

(NH4)20, 4Mo03 Practically insol m
cold, si sol in hot H20 (Westphal, Dissert
1995 )

+2H2O Very difficultly sol in cold,
rather easily sol in hot H20 (Berlin )

100 cc H20 dissolve 3 5200 g at 15°, sp
gr=103, 36711 g at 18°, sp gr =1 04,
45961 g at 32°, sp gr =1 05 (Wempe, 2
anorg 1912, 78 25S )

-t-2KH2O (Junius, Z anorg 1905, 46
440)

(NHOjO, SMo03 + 13H2O (Rosenheim,
Z anorg 1S97, 15 1S8 )

(NH4) O, 9MoO3+17H20 (Westphal,
Disseit 1895)

b« nho Molybdenum /noxide ammonia

Ammonium banum molybdate,

i(N]I4)aO, 3BaO, 14Mo03+12H2O
(Wcbtph il, Dissert 1895 )

Ammonium bismuth molybdate,

NH4Bi(MoO4)2

(Kudcru, J Am Chcm Soc 1903, 25
914)

Ammonium cadmium molybdate ammonia,
(NH4) Cd(Mo04)2) 2NH3

Dccomp by H20

Sol in dil NH4OH+Aq (Bnggs, Chem
Soc 1904, 85 674 )

Ammonium cerium molybdate,

(NH4)6CeMo14048+24H20
Sol in H20 (Barbien, C A 1909 293 )

i chromic molybdate
See Chromicomolybdate, ammonium

Ammonium cobaltous molybdate.

3(NH4)2O, 7Mo03, 3CoO, '

5[3(NH4)20, 7Mo03], 7[3CoO, 7MoO8]-f

2[3(NH4) O, TMoOj], 3[3CoO, 7MoOaj

xH20

3[3(NH4)2O, TMoOa], 5[3CoO, 7MoO8]

3(NH4)2O, 7Mo08, 5[3CoO, 7MoO8]+
xH20

9[2(NH4)2O, 5Mo08], 5[2CoO, 5MoO8]+
118 H2O

4(NH4)2O, 2CoO, 15MoOs+20H20
(Marckwald, Dissert 1895 )

Ammonium cobaltous molybdate ammonia..
(NH4)2Co(Mo04)2j 2NH3

Decomp by H20

Sol in dil NH4OH+Aq (Bnggs, Chem
Soc 1904, 85 674 )

Ammonium, cobaltic molybdate
See Cobaltimolybdate, ammonium

Ammonium cupnc molybdate, (NH4)20, CuO,
5MoO3-f9H20

SI sol in cold, sol m boiling H20 without
decomp (Struve )

Ammonium cupnc molybdate ammonia,
(NH4)2Cu(Mo04)2, 2NH8

Sol in dil NH4OH+Aq
Decomp
1904,85 673

Decomp by H20 (Briggs, Chem Soc
)

Ammoruum feme molybdate, 3(NH4)2Mo207,

Fe2(Mo04)6+20H20
Sol in H2O (Struve )
See also Ferncomolybdate, ammonium

Ammonium lanthanum molybdate,

(NH4)6La2Mo14048+24H2O
Sol in H2O (Barbien, C A 1909 293 )

Ammonium lithium molybdate, NH4LiMo04

+HO
(Iraube, N Jalirb Miner 1894,1 194)

Ammonium magnesium molybdate, (NH4) 0,
MgO, 2MoO3+2H20 = (NH4) MoO4,
MgMo04+2H20
Easily sol m H20 (Ullik, A 144 344 )

Ammonium manganous molybdate,
2(NH4)2O, MnO, 3MoOs+5H20

Decomp by boihng H20 (Marckwald,
Dissert 1895)

(NH4)20, 2MnO, 6Mo03+16H20 De-
comp by boihng H20 (Marckwald, Dissert

MOLYBDATB, AMMONIUM MANGANIC

526

(NH4)20, 3MnO, 6Mo08+16H20 De-
comp by boiling H20 (Marckwald, Dissert

183fNH4)20, 2MnO, 12MoOs+22H20
(Marckwald, Dissert 1895 )

Ammonium manganic molybdate
See Permanganomolybdate ammonium.

Ammonium mercuric molybdate

Sol in HCH-Aq Sol in boiling NH4C1+
Aq, separating out on cooling Sol in hot
(NH4)2S03 +Aq (Hirzel )

Ammonium molybdenum molybdate,
(NH4)20, 2Mo02, 4Mo03+9H20
Easily sol in H20, but the solution soon
becomes cloudy (Rammelsberg, Pogg 127
291)

Ammonium neodymium molybdate,

(NH4)3NdMo024+12H20
Ppt (Barbieri, C C 1911, I 1043 )

Ammonium nickel molybdate,

(NH4)20, 3NiO, 9Mo03+25H20

Very si sol in cold, sol in hot H20 with-
out decomp (Marckwald. Dissert 1896 )

3(NH4)20, 2NiO, 10Mo63-fl4H20 Very
si sol in cold, sol in hot H2O without de-
comp (Marckwald, Dissert 1895 )

5(NH4)20, 3NiO, 16Mo03 +16H 0 (Hall,
J Am Chem Soc 1907, 29, 702 )

6(NH4)2O, 3NiO, 16Mo03+29H20 Very
si sol in cold, sol in hot H20 without de-
comp (Marckwald, Dissert 1895 )

8(NH4)20, 6NiO, 31Mo03+63H20 Very
si sol in cold, sol in hot H2O without de-
comp (Marckwald, Dissert 1895 )

3(NH4)20, 9NiO, 34Mo03+120H20 Very
si sol in cold, easily sol in hot H20 without
decomp (Marckwald, Dissert 1896 )

Ammonium nickekc molybdate
See Nickelimolybdate, ammonium

Ammonium nickel hydrogen molybdate,

(NH4)4H6[Ni(Mo04)6]+5H20

See Nickelomolybdate, ammonium hydro-
gen

Ammonium praseodymium molybdate,

(NH4)3PrMo024+12H20
Ppt (Barbieri, C A 1911 1884 )

Ammonium samarium molybdate,

(NH4)3SmMo024+12H20
Ppt (Barbien, C A 1911 1884 )

Ammonium sodium molybdate, 7(NH4)20,
2Na20,21Mo03+15H20(?)

Easily sol in H20 (Delafontauie, J pr
95 136)

7(NH4)20, 3Na20, 25Mo03+30H20 (?)
(Delafontaine )

(NH4, Na)20, 3Mo03+HoO Sol m H20
(Mauro, Gazz ch it 11 214 )

Ammonium thorium molybdate
See Thoromolybdate, ammonium

Ammonium titanium, molybdate
See Titanomolybdate, ammonium

Ammonium vanadium molybdate
See Vanadiomolybdate, ammonium

Ammonium zinc molybdate
Sol in H20 (Berzehus )

Ammonium zirconium molybdate

See Zirconomolybdate, ammonium

•
Ammonium molybdate hydrogen di oxide,

18Mo03, 7(NH4)20, 3H202+11H20
Sol in H20 (Barwald, B 17 1206 )

Barium molybdate, basic, 2BaO, Mo03-|-

H20 (?)

Insol in H,O Sol m dil HCl+Aq or
HN03-f Aq (Heine, J pr 9 204 )

Banum molybdate, BaMoO4

Difficultly sol m H20, sol in dil HC1, and
HNOs+Aq (Svanberg and Struvo )

Sol m 17,200 pts H20 at 23° More sol in
NH4N03+Aq than m H 0 (Smith and
Bradbury, B 24 2^30)

+3H20 fWestphal. Diss( rt 1895 )

BaMo3Oi9+3H2O SI sol m H 0

Ba3Mo024+9H2O Appreciably sol ir
H20 ( Jorgensen )

According to Svinbcig ind Shuvp =
Ba2Mo5Oi +6H20

-H2H20 or 5BaO, 12Mo()«+20II 0
(Jumus, Z anorg 1905,46 4-J^)

+22H20 Ppt rWcstphil, Disvit
1895 )

BaO, 4Mo03+3^H2O Ppt (Wompc, L
anorg 1912,78 320)

+12H2O Ppt (Rosenhum, / inorg
1913, 79 299 )

BaMo9028-f4H2O Insol m cold or hoi
H2O or HN03-fAq Fxtremoly bhjitly de-
comp by H2SO4, orH2SO4+IINO3, 01 JICH
Aq (Svanberg and Struve )

Banum paramolybdate, 5BaO. 12Mo03 +
10H2O

Ppt Sol in excess of BaCl -f Aq (Jumus
Z anorg 1905, 46 433 )

Barium teh ^molybdate, BiH2(Mo<,(),3)2-f
17H20

Insol in cold, apparently decomp by hoi
H20, a small part dissolving, and the resl
forming an msol residue (Ullik, A 144
336 )

MOLYBDATE, COBALTOUS SODIUM

527

+14H2O Insol in cold and hot E20
(Wempe, Z anorg 1912. 78 320 )

BaO, 8MoO8+17H20 (Fehx, Dissert
1912)

Banum chromic molybdate
See Chromicomolybdate, banum

Bantun cobaltic molybdate
See Cobaltunolybdate, barium

Banum manganic molybdate

See Permanganomolybdate, bantun

Banum nickehc molybdate
See Nickelimolybdate, bantun

Banum mckel hydrogen molybdate,

Ba2H6[Ni(Mo04)6] +10H20
See Nickelomolybdate, bantun hydrogen

Barium vanadium molybdate
See Vanadiomolybdate, bantun

Banum molybdate hydrogen ctende, 8BaO,
19Mo03, 2H202+13K20

Precipitate (Barwald )

Bismuth molybdate, Bi203, 3Mo03

Somewhat sol in H2O Sol in 500 pts
H20 and in the stronger acids (Richter )

Bromomolybdenum molybdate

See under Bromomolybdenum comps

Cadmium molybdate, CdMo04

Insol mH20,sol in NH4OH+Aq, KCN+
Aq, or acids (Smith and Bradbury, B 24
2390)

CdO, H2O, 8Mo03+6H20 Decomp by
boiling with H20 (Wempe, Z anorg 1912,
78 323)

Caesium molybdate, Cs 0, 3Mo03+H2O

(Ephraim and Herschfinkel, Z anorg
1909, 64 270 )

Cs2O, 5MoO8+3H2O (Ephraim and
Herschfinkel, Z anorg 1909, 64 270 )

+3MH20 Very si sol in cold, easily sol
in hot H2O (Wempe, Dissert 1911 )

2Cs2O, 5Mo03+5H2O (Ephraim and
Herschfinkel, / anorg 1909, 64 271 )

3Cs2O, 10Mo03+3H2O (Ephraim and
Herschfinkel, Z anorg 1909, 64 271 )

Cs2O, 16Mo08+8H20 (Ephraim and
Herschfinkel, Z anorg 1909, 64 271 )

3Cs20. 10Mo08+3H20 (Ephraim and
Herschfinkel, Z anorg 1909, 64 271 )

Caesium feframolybdate, Cs20, 4Mo08
Only si sol m H20 (Muthmann, B

1898, 31 1841)

4- 2H2O SI sol in H20 (Muthmann,

B 1898,31 1841)

+3H20 Easily sol in cold or hot F20
(Wempe, Z anorg 1912, 78 317 )

+5H2O Very sol in cold and hot H20
(Wempe, Dissert 1911 )

C§20, Mo08, Cs20, 3Mo03+4 5H20 Sol
in H20 (Wempe, Z anorg 1912, 78 317 )

Caesium paramolybdate, 5Cs20, 12MoOs+
11H20

Efflorescent Easily sol in H2O (Wempe,
Z anorg 1912, 78 317 )

Calcium molybdate, CaMoO4
Insol precipitate (Ulhk )
SI sol in H2O, insol in alcohol (Smith
and Bradbury, B 24 2930 )

+H2O (Westphal, Dissert 1895)
+2H2O (Westphal, Dissert 1895)
+6H20 Difficultly sol in cold, easily in
hotH20 (UllikA 144 231)
CaMo40ls+9H:20 Easily sol m cold H20
CaO, 2H2O, 12MoOs+21HoO Efflores-
cent SI sol in cold, easily sol in hot H20
(Wempe )

Calcium hydrogen

CaH2(Mo4013)2+17H2O

SI sol in cold, easily sol in hot H20 with
decomp (Ulhk )

+16H20 Insol in cold, difficultly sol m
hot H20 (Wempe, Z anorg 1912, 78 318 )

Cenum molybdate, Ce2(Mo04)3

Precipitate Insol m H2O, sol in acids
(Cossa, B 19 536 R)

Chromic molybdate

Insol m H2O, but sol m acids Sol m NH4
molybdate +Aq (Berzehus )

See also Cnromicomolybdic acid

Chromic molybdate, with M molybdate
See Chromicomolybdate M

Cobaltous molybdate, CoMoO*

Decomp by alkalies and strong acids
(Berzehus )

+H20 SI sol in pure, easily sol m acidi-
fied H2O (Coloriano, Bull Soc (2) 50
451)

CoO, 2Mo03-f 2H 0 (Marckwald, Dis-
sert 1895)

6^H2O SI sol in H20 (Marckwald )

CoMo3010+10H20 Very si sol in cold,
but very easily sol in hot H2O (Ullik, W
A B 55, 2 767 )

Cobaltic potassium molybdate
See Cobaltnnolybdate, potassium

Cobaltous sodium molybdate,

Na20, SCoO, 6Mo03+18H20

(Marckwald, Dissert 1895 )

2Na2O, CoO, 7MoOs+20H20 Sol in
cold H20 without decomp Decomp on
heating (Marckwald )

528

MOLYBDATE AMMONIA, COBALTOUS

3Na20, 2CoO, 12Mo03+27H20 (Marck-
wald)

3Na20, SCoO, 14Mo03+50H20 Sol in
much cold H20 (Marckwald )

4Na20, 6CoO, 25Mo03+68H20 (Marck-
wald )

Cobaltous molybdate ammonia, CoMoO*,

2NH3+H20

Sol m H20 (Sonnenschem, J pr 53
340)

Cupnc molybdate, basic, 4CuO, 3Mo08+

5H20
Insol in H20 (Struve, J B 1854 350 )

Ctipnc molybdate, CuMo04

SI sol m HoO, decomp by acids and
alkaline solutions

CuMo8Oi9+6JiE20 Easily sol m cold
H20 (Ullik, A 144 233 )

+9H20 Very si sol in cold, and ex-
traordinarily easily sol in hot H20 (Ullik )

Cupnc molybdate ammonia,
CuMoO4, 2NH3+H20

Gives off NH3 at ord temp Decomp
byH20

Sol in dil NH4OH+Aq from which it can
be cryst (Bnggs, Chem Soc 1904, 85 674 )

CuMo04, 4NH8 Decomp by H20 Sol
in dil NH4OH+Aq (Jorgensen, Ch Z
Repert 1896, 20 225 )

Didymium molybdate, Di2(Mo04)8
Ppt Insol in H2O (Cossa, B 19 536R )
Di2O3, 6Mo08 + 3H20 (?) Precipitate

(Smith )

Glucinum molybdate, basic, 2G10, Mo03-f-

3H20

Nearly insol in H20 (Atterberg, J B
1873 258)

Glucinum molybdate, G10, Mo03-f2H20
Sol in H20 with decomp (Rosenheim,

Z anorg 1897, 15 307 )

GlMo04, Mo08-f-.rH20 Easily sol in

H20 (Atterberg )

Gold (aunc) molybdate (?)

SI sol in H20 Sol m HOI, and HNO.+
Aq (Richter )

Hydroxylamme potassium molybdate

Mo04H2(NH30)3(NH2OK)
Easily sol mH20,pptd by alcohol (Hof-
mann, A 1899, 309 324 )

Indium molybdate, In2(Mo04)3+2H20
Ppt Insol inH20
Easily sol in HC1 (Renz, B 1901, 34

Iron (ferrous) molybdate, FeMo04
Insol m H20 (Schultze, A 126 55 )

Iron (feme) molybdate, Fe203, 4Mo084
7H20

Nearly insol in H20 Slowly sol in cold
easily in hot HC1, or HN08+Aq Dil acidj
gradually dissolve out Fe2O3 in the cold
When ignited, difficultly sol m all solvents
(Steinacker )

Fe203, 5MoOB+16H20 Very si sol ir
H20 (Struve, J B 1854 346 )

2Fe208, 7Mo08-f 34H20 Ppt (Hall, J
Am Chem Soc 1907, 29 704 )

Feme potassium molybdate, Fe203, 3K20

Fe2(Mo207)3-f20H20
Sol in H2O (Struve )

Lanthanum molybdate, LaH3(MoO4)3 =
La203, MoO,+3HO (?)

Precipitate (Smith )

Lead molybdate, PbMo04

Insol m HjO Sol m warm HN03+Aq
decomp by H SO4. sol in cone HCl-f \q, 01
KOH+Aq

Mm Wulfemte <Vs abo\e

Lithium molybdate, Li Mo04

Moderately sol in cold, and only &I more
sol m hot H20 (Lphrum, Z inoig 1^09,
64 259)

•f / H20 Easily sol m II O

5W), 5Mo03+ 2H2O 46 13 g aie prcscnl
in 100 com of the aqueous solution at 20°,
and sp gr of the solution = 141 ( Wcmpe,
Z anorg 1912, 78 300 )

Li20, 2Mo03+5TTO Sol in cold, easily
sol in hot HO (Fphiaun, / UIOIL D09,
64 258 )

Li20, 3Mo03+II20 1'asily sol in w inn
H20 (Wempc, Diascit 1911 )

+4H O (Womjx )

+4iiFI20 (Wcmpo)

+7H C) N( uly insol in (old, sol in
hot H2O (Iphrajm, Z anoi^ 1<)()(), 64
258)

2Li20, 3Mo03 SI sol m II 0 r^phriim,
Z anorg 1909, 64 25S )

Lithium 7wrrtmolybdate, *I i O, 7Mo()3-j-
12H20

Sol in H2O (Rosenheim./ inou; 1S97,
15 181)

+28H20 Easilv sol in cold md hot II/)
(Ephraim, / a-norg 1909, 64 25S )

Lithium tefromolybdate, Li20, 4MoOa+71I2O
Sol m cold H2O (Ephrdim, Z anorg

1909, 64 258)
Li20, H20, 8MoO3+10H20 Easily sol

MOLYBDATE, POTASSIUM

529

in hot H2O (Wempe, Z anorg 1912, 78

308)

Li2O, 3H20, 16Mo08+6J^H20 Easily
sol in warm H20 (Wempe, Z anorg 1912,
78 308)

Lithium potassium molybdate, KLiMo044-

H20
(Traube, N Jahrb Miner, 1894, 1 194 )

Magnesium molybdate, MgMo04

Mm Belonesia

Insol in HCl+Aq (Scacchi, Zeit Kryst
1888, 14 523 )

-f 5H20 Easily sol in cold, but still more
sol m hot H20 (Delafontaine )

Sol in 12-15 pts cold H20 (Brandes )

-f7H20 Easily sol in hot or cold H20

(Ullik)
MgMo8Oi9-flOH2O

Difficultly sol m

cold, very easily in hot H20 (Ulhk )

Magnesium paromolybdate, Mg3M
20H20

Quite sol in cold, more easily m hot H20

(Ulhk)

Magnesium ^romolybdate,
MgO, H20, 8MoO3+19H2O

Magnesium hydrogen tefromolybdate,
MgH2(Mo4Oi3)2-H9H20

Easily sol m cold H2O (Ulhk, A 144
335)

SI sol m cold, easily sol in hot H20
(Wempe, Dissert 1911 )

+20H20 Ppt (Wempe, Z anorg 1912,
78 323)

Magnesium hydrogen octomolybdate,

MgH2(Mo8026h-l-29H20
Very difficultly sol m cold, very easily sol
in hot H20 (Ulhk, AV A B 60, 2 314 )

Magnesium potassium molybdate, MgMoO4,

Rj,MoO4+2H,O
Slowly sol m cold, easily in hot H20

(Ulhk, A 144

Manganous molybdate, MnMo04+H 0
Insol m H2O bl sol in pure, easily sol

JLinWt »•* *»,£•>' »--* KV,-r» ^ , 11

in acidified H/> Dccomp by alkalies or
alkali < irbonatcy + Aq (Colonano, Bull Soc

+'/JI/> ( M an kwald, Dissert 1895)
+ J.OH2O (Maickwald )

Manganic potassium molybdate
See Permanganomolybdate, potassium

Manganic silver molybdate
bee Pennanganomolybdate, silver

Mercurous molybdate, Hg2Mo207

Decomp by H20 (Struve, J B 1764
350,)

Sol in 500-600 pts H20, decomp by
HN03-i-Aq (Hatchett)

Molybdenum molybdate

See Molybdenum oxides, MosO?, Mo4Oo,
etc

Neodymium molybdate, Nd2(M 064)3
Very si sol in H20
1 pt is sol m 53790 pts H2O at 28°
1 « " " « 32466 " H20 "75°

(Hitchcock, J Am Chem Soc 1895, 17 532 )

Nickel molybdate, NiMo04+2/8H20, H-8/4H2O
and +5H20

(Marckwald, Dissert 1896 )

NiO, 3MoO8 +18H20 SI sol m cold, easily
sol m hot H2O (Marckwald )

5NiO, 14Mo08+57H20. and +70H20
SI sol in cold, easily sol m hot H20 (Marck-
wald)

Nickel potassium molybdate, 3NiO, 5K2O

16MoO3+21H20

Can be cryst from H20 (Hall, J Am
Chem Soc 1907, 29 701 )

Nickehc potassium molybdate
See Nickehmolybdate, potassium

Nickel potassium hydrogen molybdate,

K4H6[Ni(Mo04)6]+5H2O
See Nickelomolybdate, potassium hydro-
gen

Nickel sodium molybdate, 2NiO, Na2O,

6Mo03+17H20

Sol in cold H2O without decomp but de-
comp on warming (Marckwald, Dissert
1895)

Nickel molybdate ammonia, NiMo04, 2NH3

+H20

Decomp by H20 CSonnenschem, J pr
53 341 )

Potassium molybdate, K2MoC>4

Deliquescent m moist air Very sol in
H20 Insol m alcohol (Svanberg and
Struve, J pi 44 265 )

184 6 grams are sol in 100 grams Jti O at

25° (Amadon, C A 1912 2878 )

Solubility of K2MoO4-f K2S04 at 25°

G per 100 t H20

G per 100 g HO

RaS04

K MoQ4

K bG-4

R2MoO4

0

0 46
0 72
0 98
1 27

184 6
180 7
177
127 2
107 5

1 50

2 13
3 95
8 55
12 10

99 49
45 89
17 48
4 73
0

(Amadori, Att ace Line 1912, 21, I 467,
667 )

530

MOLYBDATE, POTASSIUM

Easily sol in H20 (Wempe,
Dissert 1911)

K20, 8Mo03+13H20 Easily sol in
warm feO (Wempe, Dissert 1911 )

K20, 10Mo03+9H20 Nearly msol in
hot and cold H20 100 g H20 dissolve
0 682 g at 100° (Felix. Dissert 1912 )

+15H20 Sol in H20 (Felix )

5K20, 12Mo03-|-8H20 SI sol in cold
H20 (Jumus, Z anorg 1905, 46 439 )

Potassium inmolybdate, K2Mo3Oio
Difficultly sol in cold, but much more easily

in hot H20 When ignited is absolutely msol

in H20 (Svanberg and Struve )

+2H20 (Jumus, Z anorg 1905, 46 439 )
SI sol in cold, easily sol in hot H20

(Wempe, Dissert 1911 )
-f 2%H20 Easily sol in H20 (Wempe,

Dissert 1911)

+3H20 Very si sol in cold, more easily

sol m hot H20 (Wempe, Dissert 1911 )
-fllH20 Practically msol m H20

(Westphal, Dissert 1896 )

Potassium hydrogen tefr-otnolybdate,
K6H4[H2(Mo207)6] +18H20

SI sol in cold H20 Decomp by boiling
H20 (Rosenheim.Z anorg 1913,79 298)

KHMo4Oi3+6H20 Decomp by H20

Potassium paromolybdate, K6Mo7024+
4H20

Decomp even by cold H20 (Delafon-
tarne)

Formula is K8Mo903i +6H20, according to
Svanberg and Struve (?)

Potassium selenium molybdate
See Selenomolybdate, potassium

Potassium sodium molybdate, K2Mo04,

2Na2Mo04+14H20

Very easily sol in cold, still more easily m
hot H20 (Delaf ontame )

Potassium vanadium molybdate
See Vanadiomolybdate, potassium

Potassium zinc molybdate
Sol mH20 (Berzehus)

Potassium molybdate hydrogen ^oxide,

6K20, 16Mo08, 4H202+13H20
Sol in H20 (Barwald, C C 1885 424 )

Potassium molybdate sulphocyamde, KSCN,

K2Mo3010+4H20

Decomp by H20 Sol in dil HCl+Aa
(Pochard, C R 1894, 118 806 )

Praseodymium molybdate, Pr2(Mo04)3
Very si sol in H20
1 pt is sol in 65820 pts H2O at 23°
1 *lt tt u it 6g800 tt « « 750

(Hitchcock, J Am Chem Soc 1895, 17
530)

Rubidium molybdate, Rb20, Mo03

Hygroscopic (Ephraim, Z anorg 1909
64 263 )

Rb20, 2Mo03+2H2O Easily sol in H20
(Ephraim, Z anorg 1909, 64 263 )

Rb6Mo7O24-f 4H20 Very si sol in cold
much more easily sol in not H20 (Dela-
fontame, N Arch Sc phys nat 30 2313 )

(Ephraim, Z anorg 1909, 64 263 )

4-42/3H20 (Wempe, Dissert 1911 )

2Rb20, 7Mo03-h5H20 Very si sol ir
cold, very easily sol m hot H2O (Wempe

5Rb20, 7Mo03-f 14H20 (Ephraim anc
Herschfinkel, Z anorg 1909, 64 268 )

3Rb20, 8Mo03+6H20 (Ephraim anc
Herschfinkel, Z anorg 1909, 64 269 )

5Rb20, 12Mo03+H20 100 cc H20 dis
solve 1 941 g at 24° (Wempe, Z anorg
1912, 78 258 )

Rb20, 3MoO3 Insol in H20 (Muth
mann.B 1898,31 1839)

4-H20 (Muthmann, B 1898, 31 1839 )

-J-3H20 SI sol in cold, easily sol in hoi
H20 (Wempe, Dissert 1911 )

6MH20 (Ephraim and Herschfinkel, Z
anorg 1909, 64 269 )

2Rb20, 3MoO3+4H20 SI sol in cold
easily in hot H2O (Wempe, Dissc 1 1 1911 )

Rb20, 4MoO3 Difficultly sol m cold
easily in hot H20 (Wcmpe, Z inois; 1912
78 312 )

-hJ^HO Pi vtieiily msol m H O Vcrj
sol by addition of NH-j (I'phium anc
Herschfinkel, Z anorg 1000, 64 M> }

+25H2O Insol m HO (I<phi urn, Z
anorg 1909, 64 2(>3 )

H-4H20 Sol in cold, moi< < isily sol n
hotH2O fWompt, 7 inorg I01J 78 H2

Rb20, Mo03, Rb O iMo()1 + r)iro Sol
m cold or hot Ti20 (Wnnpc Z inoig 1012
78 312 )

Rb20, H20, 8MoO,+ jH() I)i'r , ulih
sol in eold, easily m hot II O \\ m >< /
anorg 1912, 78 312 )

Rb2O, llMoO,-hr) ^II/) Pp{ (1 phi urn
Z anorg 1009, 64 2M)

RbjO, 13MoO3-f 4H2O Ppt (J phi urn

Rb2O, 18Mo()3 Ppt (I< phr inn )

Samarium molybdate, Sm2(MoO4),
Insol mH2O (Cleve )

Samanum sodium molybdate,

Na2Sm2(Mo04)4

Insol in H2O Easily sol m warm dil
HN03-hAq (Cleve )

MOLYBI5ATE MOLYBDENUM OXIDE SODIUM

531

ver (argentous) molybdate, Ag40, 2MoO3
Sol in HN08+4.q KOH+Aq dissolves
o03 and Ag40 separates out Not decomp
dil NH4OH+Aq (Wohler and Rauten-
rg, A 114 119 )
Does not exist (Muthmann, B 20 983 )

ver (argentic) molybdate, Ag2Mo04

Somewhat sol in H20, less when HN08 is

3sent (Richter )

Very si sol in pure H20, easily sol in

0 acidulated with HNOg (Struve and

anberg )

Sol in KCN or NaOH+Aq (Smith and

adbury ) »

Ag20, 2MoOs SI sol m H20 Sol in

3N+Aq (Jumus, Dissert 1905 )

2Ag20, 5MoO3 Somewhat sol m H20

vanberg and Struve, J B 1847-48 412 )

Ag2O, 4MoO3+6H20 SI sol in H20 with

comp (Wempe, Z anorg 1912, 78 322 )

ver thorium molybdate
See Thoromolybdate, silver

ver molybdate ammonia, Ag2Mo04, 4NH3
Sol m H2O with rapid decomposition
ftdinaiin, Bull Soc (2) 20 64 )

ver molybdate hydrogen dioxide, 13Ag20,

2H2O2, 32Mo03
Ppt (Barwald, B 17 1206 )

dium molybdate, Na2Mo04

Anhydrous Easily and completely sol in

+2H20
-HOH2O

Sol m H20

Efflorescent

Solubility in H20 at t°

^

1-1 o

||

"8 $

2 -a

Solid phase

t°

ij

§||

fss

S3 "

.3*8

*8 2

^ c

53 "o

"o —

^a

2s

i2Mo()4, lOjHO

G

30 63

25 92

3 86

4

33 83

22 38

4 47

()

35 58

20 72

4 S3

90

38 16

18 54

5 39

i2MoO4 21^0

10

39 28

17 70

5 65

15 5

39 27

17 70

5 65

32

39 82

17 30

5 78

51 5

41 27

16 28

6 14

100

45 57

13 67

7 32

(Junk, B 1000,33 3699)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B

09,42 3790)

Na2Mo2O7 After ignition, very difficultly

I in cold, and very slowly sol m hot H20

vanberg and Struve )

+H2O Easily sol m H20

Easily sol m cold or hot H20
(Wempe, Dissert 1911 )

H-4H20 Easily and completely sol m
cold H2O (Ulhk )

+6^H20 SI sol in cold, very easily sol
in hot E20 (Wempe, Dissert 1911 )

+7H20 Difficultly sol in cold H20, but
more easily than the corresponding K salt
100 pts H20 dissolve 3 878 pts at 20° and
13 7 pts at 100° (UUik, \ 144 244 )

+9H20 Easily sol in cold, very easily
sol in hot H2O (Wempe )

+11H20 (Jumus, Z anorg 1905, 46
437)

3Na20, 7Mo03 Easily sol in cold, very
easily sol in hot H»0 (Ott, Dissert 1911 )

+20H20 (Westphal, Dissert 1896 )

+22H20 Efflorescent Easily sol in
H20 (UUik, A 144 219 )

Na20, SMoOs-f 3^H20 Very sol in cold
or hot H20 (Wempe, Dissert 1911 )

+4H20 Insol in H20 (Ulhk, W A B
60, 2 312 )

-K5H20 (Rosenheim, Z anorg 1897, 15
188)

NaoO, 10Mo08+6H2O Very si sol m
H20 100 g H2O dissolve 0 842 g at 100°
(Fehx, Dissert 1912 )

+7H20 (Fehx) Nearly insol m hot and
cold H20 (Rosenheim, Z anorg 1903, 37
323)

+12H20 Difficultly sol in HoO

-j-21H2O Abundantly but slowly sol m
cold H20 = NaHNa5016+10H20 (Ulhk )

5Na20, 12MoOs+8H20 SI sol m cold,
easily sol m hot H2O (Wempe, Dissert
1911)

+20H20 SI sol m cold, easily sol in
hot H20 (Wempe, Dissert 1911 )

+36H2O (Jumus, Z anorg 1905, 46 436 )

+44H20 SI sol m cold, easily sol m hot
H20 (Wempe, Dissert 1911 )

,Na2Mo4Oi3+6H2O

Difficultly sol m cold, easily in hot H2O
(Ulhk )

100 cc H2O dissolve at 21°, 2839 g
of the salt Sp gr of the solution = 1 47
(Wempe Z anorg; 1912, 78 306 )

+17H20 (Fehx, Dissert 1912 )

Na^H4[H2(Mo2O7)6]-h2lHO Slowly sol
m cold, easily sol m hot H2O (Rosenheim,
Z anorg 1913, 79 29S )

NaHMo4Oi3+8H20 Very sol m hot or
cold H20 (Ulhk, A 144 333 )

NaHMo8026 + 4H2O Insol m H2O
(Ulhk )

Sodium manganous molybdate, 2Na20, MnO,

6Mo03 + 19H2O
(Marckwald, Dissert 1895 )

Sodium molybdate molybdenum oxide,

Insol in H2O Sol m HNO3 and aqua
regia Insol m HC1 and m H2SO4 Sol in

532

MOLYBDATE, STRONTIUM *

alkalies (Stavenhagen and Engels, B 1895,
28 2280)

Strontium molybdate, SrMo04

SI sol in H20 (Schultze )

Sol in 9600 pts E20 at 17° (Smith and
Bradbury, B 24 2930)

SrO, 3Mo03+MH20 Scarcely sol in cold,
easily m hot H20 (Wempe, Dissert 1911)

SrO, H20, 8MoOs+6H20 Scarcely sol
m cold, easily in hot H20 (Wempe, Dissert

2SrO, 3H20, 20Mo08 +21H20 Ppt
(Wempe, Z anorg 1912, 78 321 )

Thallous molybdate, Tl2Mo04

Insol in H20 Sol in alkalies Insol m
alcohol (Oettinger, J B 1864, 254 )

SI sol in hot or cold H20 (Ulhk, J B
1867, 234 )

8T120, HMoOs Sol in hot H2O (Flem-
ing, J B 1868,250)

3T120, 8Mo03 (Fleming )

Thallous tefromolybdate, T120, 4MoOs-fH20
SI sol m H20 with decomp (Wempe,
Z anorg 1912, 78 322 )

Thallous paromolybdate, 5T120, 12MoOs

Insol in H20 Easily sol in mineral acids
and in alkali hydroxides and carbonates
(Jumus, Z anorg 1905, 46 432 )

Tin (stannic) molybdate

Insol in H20 Sol m dil or cone HCl-f-
Aq, or in KOH-fAq Not decomp bv HN03
-HAq (Berzelius )

Uranous molybdate

Precipitate Sol in HCl-j-Aq Decomp
by KOH-fAq

U(Mo04) (Lancien, C C 1908, 1 1763 )

Uranyl molybdate, (U02)Mo04

Insol m H20, methyl and ethyl alcohol,
ether, acetic acid, CHC13, C6He and C7H8
Sol in mineral acids (Lancien, C C 1907,
I 784 )

2U08, 3Mo03 (?) Insol in H20 Sol in
strong acids and (NH4)2C03+Aq (Ber-
zelius)

3U03, 7Mo03 Insol in hot and cold H20
Insol in NaOH, KOH, and NH4OH-f Aq
Sol in all mm acids and decomp by an ex-
cess of H20 Insol in acetic acid (Lancien,
C C 1908, 1 1763 )

U08, 8MoOs (Lancien )

+ 13H20 Insol in HN08 (Lancien)

Ytterbium molybdate, Yb20s, 7Mo03+6H20
Insol in hot H20 (Cleve, Z anorg 1902,

32 152)
2Yb203, Mo03 Ppt (Cleve )

Yttrium molybdate

Insol m H20 Sol in HN03+ Aq (Ber-
lin)

Zinc molybdate, ZnMo04

Difficultly sol in H20, easily in acids
(Schultze, A 126 49 )

-f H20 SI sol in H2O Easily sol ID
dil acids (Colonano, Bull Soc (2) 50 451 )

ZnMo8Oi9-flOH2O Very difficultly sol
m cold, but extraordinarily easily sol m hot
H20 (Ulhk, W A B 55, 2 767 )

Zinc tefromolybdaje, ZnMo4013-|-8H20
Easily sol in cold H20 (Ullik )
ZnO,H20,8Mo03-|-14H20 Ppt (Wempe

Z anorg 1912, 78 324 )

Zinc molybdate ammonia) ZnMo04, 2NH84

H20
(Sonnenschem, J pr 63 339 )

Permolybdic acid
See Permolybdic acid

Molybdic sulphuric acid, Mo03, S03
Deliquescent (Schultz-Scllack, B 4 14
Very deliquescent Very sol in HX)

(Muthmann, A 1886,238 126)
Mo03, 3S08+2H20 (?)

Molybdocyanhydnc acid, H4Mo(CN)8+

6H20

Easily sol m H2O and abs ilcohol Solu
tions are stable at ord temp (Rosenhem
and Garfunkel, Z anorg 1910, 65 1()8 )

Cadmium molybdocyanide, Cd2Mo(CN)84

8H/)
Insol in H2O (Roscnhcim )

Cadmium molybdocyanide ammonia,

Cd2Mo(CN)8, 4NH3+2II O
(Rosenheim )

Cupnc molybdocyamde ammonia,

Cu2Mo(CN)8, 4NH3+7H ()
(Rosenheim )

Potassium molybdocyanide, K4Mo(CN)H-

2H,0
Very sol m H2O (Rose nh< im )

Thallous molybdocyanide, Tl4Mo(CN)H
Very si sol m H20 (Jllosc nhc im )

Molybdoiodic acid, HIO3, H2Mo()4+II2O

Easily sol m H O (Blomstrincl, J pr (
40 320)

I205, 2Mo03+2H20 Very sol in H2C
Insol in cold, sol in hot HNO3 Sol m a
cohol (Chretien, A ch 1898, (7) 15 402 )

MOLYBDOIODATE, ZINC

533

Ammonium molybdoiodate,
H2Mo04

Nickel molybdoiodate, acid, 2NiO, (I205,

juLixTjLuv* 2Mo03)6-hl5H20

Somewhat more sol than K salt (Blom- Very sol in H20 (Chretien )
strand )

(NH4)20, I2O5, 2Mo03 Very si sol m Potassium molybdoiodate,

cold H2O More sol in hot H20 (Rosen- KH02I02Mo03OH, or KI03, MoO»+

hemi and Liebknechfc, A 1899, 308 50 ) 2H20

15°tS& g^t g£ 'Sol5 L9|l S8 *$ £ ,«* - H'° (Blomstraad' J Pr

+Aq (Chretien, A ch 1898, (7) 15 409 ) v }K o f 0' 2Mo03 Only si sol in cold

3(NHi)A diO* 2Mo08)4+6H20 (Chre- U^il on long boiling 448 grs are sol

tien) m 11 H2Q at 12° (Compare Blomstrand

11^ A * r, A T ^ OTV/T n . not identical ) (Rosenheim, A 1899, 308
Banum molybdoiodate, BaO, 1206, 2Mo08-f UQ \

2H20 +H20 SlsoluiH20 3 45 g are sol

423 g are sol mil H20 at ord temp mil H20 at 15°, 2838 g at 100° More

(Chretien) sol in dil HNOs+Aq (Chretien, A ch

1898, (7) 15 404 )
Cadmium molybdoiodate, acid, 3CdO, (IjOs,

2Mo03) 5 -f 16H20 Potassium molybdoiodate, acid

SI sol m H2O (Chretien ) (I306, 2Mo08)5, 4K20-f 7H2O

(I205, 2Mo03)3, 2K20+13H20

Calcium molybdoiodate, CaO, 1,0,, 2Mo08+ (I305, 2Mo08)2, f20+4H2O
^U Q (IzOg, SMoUgjs, Ji.2U-r/ri2w

1 1 H20 dissolves 78 g of the salt at ^|^MoO s)4, K20+5HoO
15° , 20 89 g at 90° (Chretien ) (UirStien j

Cobaltous molybdoiodate, CoO, I205, 2Mo08 Silver molybdoiodate, \goO, 1,0,, 2Mo03+

+6H20 ' ' '^^

5 11 g are sol mil H20 at 15
at 100° (Chr6tien )

Very sol in H2O (Chrttien )
Cupnc molybdo.odate, CuO, I,O5j 2MoOs+

1 1 H2O dissolves 10 63 g of the salt at
15°, 25 55 g at 100° (Chr6tien )

Lithium molybdoiodate, Li20, I206, 2Mo03+

197 83 g are sol m 1 1 H20 at 15° Sol in
dil HNO3+Ag (Chr6tien)

Magnesium molybdoiodate, MgO, I205,
2MoO3+bH,O

1 1 H2O dissolves 3 85 g of the salt at
15°, 18 2 g at 100° (Chretien )

Manganous molybdoiodate, 3MnO, (I205,

2Mo03)4+9H2O

1 1 H2O dissolves 17 05 g of the salt at
15°, 55 05 g at 100° (Chretien )

m HN03 with decomp
(Chretien, C R 1896, 123 178 ) o

221?51 gHN034-Aq (1 10) dissolves 23 78 g
of the salt at ord temp (Chretien, A ch
1R08 (7^ 15 410 )

+2H20 Only si sol in cold H20, sol on
long boiling 3 35 grams are sol in 1 1 HoO
at 12° (Rosenheim, A 1899, 308 50 )

Strontium molybdoiodate, SrO, I 0», 2MoO +

3H20

Very sol in H 0 (Chretien, A ch 1898,
(7) 15 415 )

Strontium molybdoiodate, acid, 3SrO, (I205,

2Mo03)4+15H20

1 1 H20 dissolves 294 g of the salt at
15° 13 64 g at 100° (Chretien )

Nickel molybdoiodate, NiO, I2O5, 2Mo08+

6H2O
5 43 g are sol in 1 1 H20 at 15°, 21 8 g at

m2H2o' Not decomp by acids (Maass
Dissert 1901)

Uranyl molybdoiodate, 2UO3, 4I205, 3Mo034-
3H20 (Chretien )

Zinc molybdoiodate, ZnO, I205, 2Mo03+

5H20

1 1 H2O dissolves 408 g of the salt at
15°, 16 25 g at 100° (Chretien )

534

MOLYBDOIODATE ACID, ZINC

Zinc molybdoiodate acid, ZnO, (IgOg, 2MoOs)

+16H2O
Very sol in H20 (Chretien)

Molybdopenodic acid

Ammonium molybdopenodate, 5(NH4)20
I2O7, 12Mo03+12H20

Sol in H2O (Blomstrand, Sv V A H
Bih 1892 No 6)

4(NH4)20, I,0r, 8Mo03-f 7H20 Very si
sol m cold H20 (Blomstrand )

Ammonium sodium , 2(NH4)20, Na2O

I207, 2Mo03+10H20
Very si sol in H20 (B )

Barium sodium , 9BaO, Na20,

24MoOs+28H20
Very si sol in H2O (B )

Calcium , 5CaO, I207, 12Mo08+26H20

(Blomstrand )

Less sol in

Extremely sol m H20
4CaO, I207; 12Mo03-f-2iH20

H20 than above salt

Lithium , 5Li20, I,07, 12Mo03-f 30H20

Not so efflorescent as Na salt Sol m H20
(B)
+18HaO) (B)

Manganous sodium , 2MnO, 3Na20,

IA, 12Mo03+32H20
Sol in H20 (B )

Potassium , 5K20, I207, 12Mo03+

12H2O

Not efflorescent (Blomstrand )

Sodium , 5Na20, Ia07, 12Mo03-j-34H20

Efflorescent Very sol in H20 (Blom-
strand, Sv V A H Bih 1892 No 6 24 )

•f26H2O Not efflorescent Very sol in
H20 (Blomstrand )

Sodium strontium , Na20, 4SrO, I207,

12Mo03+20H20
Sol in H20 (B )

Molybdophosphonc acid
See Phosphomolybdic acid

Molybdosw&phosphonc acid

Sodium molybdosw&phosphate.

Na2[P(Mo207)s]+SH20
Ppt (Rosenhcim, Z anorg 1913, 84 222 )

Molybdophosphorous acid i

Potassium molybdophosphite,
K2[HP(Moo07)3]-fllHoO
Difficultly sol in cold H2O (Rosenheim,
Z anorg 1913, 84 219 }

Sodium molybdophosphite.

Na2[HP(Mo207)8]+llH20
SI sol in H20 (Rosenheim, Z anorg
1913,84 218)

Molybdophosphovanadic acid
See Phosphovanadiomolybdic acid

Molybdoselemous acid

Ammonium molybdoselemte, 4(NH4)20.

3Se02, 10Mo03+4H20
More sol in hot than cold H20, insol in
alcohol (Pochard, A ch (6) 30 403 )

Ammonium potassium molybdoselemte,
2(NH4)20, 2K2O, 3Se02, 10Mo03-f

Very sol ni H20, insol in alcohol (P6ch
ard)

Barium molybdoselemte, 4BaO, 3Se02.
10Mo03+3H20

SI sol in cold, easily in warm H20
(Pechard )

Potassium molybdoselemte, 4K 0, 3Sc02
10Mo03+5H20

Very sol in H20, insol m alcohol (Pcch
ard )

Sodium molybdoselemte, 4Ni C), 3Sc 0,
10Mo03+15H20

Very efflorescent, and sol in II C), insol i
alcohol (Pochard )

Molybdosihcic acid

See Silicomolybdic acid

Molybdosihcovanadic acid
See Silicovanadiomolybdic acid

Molybdosulphunc acid

Approcubly sol jn II () (IIolTnuni
Disscit 1903)

Ammonium molybdosulphate, (NII4)()
2Mo03,

Dccomj) by H () (Wdnlind / mor
907, 54 201 )

(NHOjO, 2Mo()Jf -JS()f4-l()Jl 0 (Wdi
ind )

Ammonium molybdenyl molybdosulphat
(NH4)A Mo(), 7Mo(>,, SO.+ iJl [ 0

J^T(-??^0vMo°2' 7M°°3' ^j-f-'Jiro

2(NH4)20, Mo()2, 7Mo()J; S()a-|-14II (
Hoffmann, Di&seit 1903 )

SNHs, Mo02, TMoO,, fc>0,+lOI[,O Va
ol in H20 Veiy ?1 sol m NH4 silts+A

I«OQ

1893, 116 1441 )

NEODYMIUM HYDROXIDE

535

5NH3, MoO2, 7Mo03, SO3+8H20 (Pd-
chard, C R 1893, 116 1441 )

Potassium nxolybdosulphate, K20, 2Mo03,

K20, 2Mo03, S03+6H20
K20, 2Mo03, 3SO3+6H20 (Weinland, Z
anorg 1907, 54 260 )

Potassium molybdenyl molybdosulphate,

K20, MoO2, 7Mo03, S03+8H20
(Hoffmann, Dissert 1903 )

Molybdosulphurous acid

Ammonium molybdosulphite, 4(NH4)20,
3S02, 10Mo03+6H20

SI sol in cold, more easily in hot H20
Insol in alcohol (Pochard, A ch (6) 30
396 )

3(NH4)20, 8Mo03, 2S02+5H20 SI sol
in cold, easily sol in warm H20 Easily de-
comp by H2O, and can be recryst only in
presence of an excess of sulphurous acid
(Rosenheim, Z anorg 1894, 7 177)

Ammonium potassium molybdosulphite.

2(NH4)20, 2K 0, 3S02, 10Mo03+9H20
SI sol m cold H2O Decomp on warming
(Pochard )

Barium molybdosulphite, 2BaO, 5Mo03,

2bO2+10H20
(Rosuihoim, Z anorg 1897, 15 185 )

Caesium molybdosulphite, 2Cs?0, 5Mo03,
2SO +(>H 0

Unstable Ab K salt (Rosenheim )

Potassium molybdosulphite, 4K20, 3S02,

Vuy si sol m Pr (), but decomp on warm-
ing (P( di ird )
2K (), r>MoOJf 2SO +11 0 (Rosenheim )

Rubidium molybdosulphite, 2Rb 0, 5Mo08,

2>SO + I2ll<)
As K silt (Rostnluim )

Sodium molybdosulphite, 4Ni20, 3S02,

lOMoO. + UII^O
\dy sol in (old HjO, msol m alcohol

(Pcchud)

+ 1()11 O Voy <ffloi<sc(nt (P( chord)
2N i (), 5M <>(),, 2SO +SII 0 In dry state

it RI ulu illv gives off b()2 and soon effloresces

(Hos(nh( mi )

Strontium molybdosulphite, 2SrO, 5Mo03,

2SO +12H20
(Rofecnhoim )

Molybdotitamc acid
See Titanomolybdic acid

Molybdous acid

Magnesium molybdite, Mg2Mos08=2MgO,
3Mo02

Not attacked by KOH, and HCl+Aq
(Muthmann, A 238 108 )

Zinc molybdite, Zn2Mo3O8=2ZnO, 3Mo02

Easily sol in aqua regia (Muthmann, A
238 108)

Molybdovanadates
See Vanadiomolybdates

Neodymicotungstic acid

Ammonium neodymicotungstate, 3(NH4>20,

Nd203, 16W03+20H20
Difficultly sol m HoO (E F Smith, J
Am Chem Soc 1904, 26 1480 )

Barium neodymicotungstate, 6BaO, Nd208.

16W03+17HoO
Insol in H20 (E F Smith )

Neodynuum

See also under Didymium

Neodynuum bromide, NdBr8

(Matignon, C R 1905, 140 1638 )

Neodynuum carbide, NdCo

Decomp by H20, insol in cone HN03,
decomp by dil HN03 (Moissan, C R
1900, 131 597 )

Neodynuum chloride, NdCl3

100 g HO dissolve 98 68 g NdCl3 at 13°,
140 4 g at 100°

Sp gr at 15°/4° of the solution sat at 13° «
1 74 (Matignon, A ch 1906, (8) 8 249 )

44 5 g are sol m 100 g abs alcohol at 20°
1 8 g " " " " ' pyridme at 15°

Insol in ether, CHC13, qumolme, toluidme,
etc SI sol in aniline and m phenylhydra-
zme (Matignon, A ch 190b, (8) 8 266 )

+6H 0 Dehquescent

At 13°, 100 pts H O dibsolve 246 2 pts of
the h\ di ited salt

At 100°, 100 pts H 0 dissolve 511 pts of
hydrated salt

Sat solution at 13° has a sp gr 15°/4° =
1 741 (Matignon, C R 1901, 133 289 )

Neodynuum chloride ammonia, NdCl3,

12NH3

Decomposes on heating into NdCl3+NH3,
+2NH3, +4NH3, +5NH3, +8NH3, and
+11NH3 (Matignon, C R 1906, 142 1043 )

Neodynuum hydroxide

Sol m citric acid (Baskerville, J Am
Chem Soc 1904, 26 49 )

536

NEODYMIUM HYDRIDE

Solubility in glycerine 4- Aq containing
about 60% by vol of glycerine 100 ccm
of the solution contain 45 g neodymium
oxide (Muller, Z anorg 1905, 43 322 )

Neodymnain hydride, NdH2 (?)

Slowly attacked by boiling H2O Sol in
acids with violent evolution of H2 (Muth-
mann, A 1904, 331 58 )

Neodymuim iodide, NdI8

(Matignon, C R 1905, 140 1638 )

Neodymium mtnde, NdN

Decomp m moist air with evolution of
NH8 (Muthmann, A 1904,331 59)

Neodymuon oxide, Nd2O8

Easily sol in acids (v Welsbach, M 6
477)

Neodymium oxychloride, NdOCl
(Matignon, C R 1905, 140 1638 )

Neon, Ne

Less sol than argon in H2O, sol in liquid
oxygen (Ramsay, B 1898, 31 3118 )

Absorption by H^O at t°

0

10
20
30
40
50

Coefficient of absorption

0 0114
0 0118
0 0147
0 0158
0 0203
0 0317

(Antropoff, Roy Soc Proc 1910, 83 A, 480 )

Nickel, Ni

Not attacked by H2O Very slowly sol m
dilute H8PO4, H2SO4, or HCl+Aq (Tup-
puti, A ch 78 133 )

Very easily attacked by HNO3-t-Aq, and
difficultly by hot HoSO4 When pure, is con-
verted into passive condition by cone HNO8
(Nickles, C R 38 284 )

Very si attacked by cold acids, except
HN03+ Aq (Tissier, C R 50 106 )

Not attacked by NaOH+Aq (Venator,
Dingl 261 133 )

Insol in liquid NH8 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 828 )

Nickel amide, Ni(NH2)2

Decomp by H2O, slowly sol m mm acids
Insol m liquid NH3 (Bohart, J phys Chem
1915, 19 560 )

Nickel antimomde, NiSb

Insol in HCl+Aq, easily sol in HN08-f
Aq (Chnstofle, 1863 )

Mm Breithauptite Insol m acids, easily
sol in aqua regia
Ni8Sb2 (Christofle )

Nickel antimonide sulphide, NiSb2, NiSg —
NiSbS

Mm Nickel glance. Ullmanmte

Decomp by HN03+Aq, completely sol
m aqua regia with separation of S

Nickel arsenide, NiAs

Mm Niccohte Sol in cone HN08-f-Ac
with separation of As208, more easily sol 11
aqua regia

NiAs2 Mm Chloanthite, Rammelsbergite
Sol inHN03+Aq

Ni8As2 Sol m HN08 and in aqua regia
Readily attacked by fused alkali (Granger
C R 1900, 130 915 )

Nickel arsenide sulphide, NiAs2, NiS2

Mm Gersdorffite Partly sol in HNCM
Aq with separation of S and As203, not at
tacked by KOH+Aq

Nickel azoimide, basic, Ni(OH)N8

Insol m H20 (Curtms, J pr 1898, (2
58 300)

Nickel azoimide, NiN6-fH20

Sol in H20, msol in alcohol and ether
(Curtms, J pr 1900, (2) 61 418 )

Nickel potassium azoimide, Ni(N3)2, KN3 (?)
Sol m H20 (Curtms, J pr 1898, (2) 68
302)

Nickel bonde, Ni2B

Attacked by HNO8 Slowly sol m ho
HC1 (Jassoneix, C R 1907, 145 240 )

NiB Decomp by moist air and by alka
nitrates, chlorates, hydroxides and carbor
ates, decomp by steam at red heat Nc
attacked by HC1 Easily attacked by HNC
and aqua regia, by H2SO4 only on heatim
(Moissan, C R 1896, 122 425 )

NiB2 (Jassoneix, C R 1907, 146 241 )

Nickel bromide, NiBr2

Deliquescent Slowly sol in H2O

Sat NiBr2-f-Aq contains at
—21° —6° +19° 38°
471 517 566 589%NiBr2,

58° 77° 98° 100° 140°
605 603 610 610 607%NiBr
(Etard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 542 )

Somewhat hygroscopic Nearly msol j
cold H20 but begins to dissolve appreciab]
at 50°, and somewhat more rapidly at 90
but even at that temp 1 g requires 1-2 hou.
for solution HN08 does not appreciab]
hasten solution (Richards and Cushma
Z anorg 1898, 16 169 )

NICKEL CHLORIDE

537

SI sol m benzomtnle (Naumann, B
1914.47 1369)

Sol in quinolme (Beckmann and Gabel,
Z anorg 1906, 51 236 )

+3H20 Deliquescent Very sol in H20,
HCl+Aq, NH4OH+Aq, alcohol, and ether
(Berthemot, A ch 44 389 )

+6H20 (Bolschakoff, C C 1897, II
331 and 726 )

+9H20 (Bolschakoff, C C 1897, II
726 and 331 )

Nickel stannic bromide
See Bromostannate, nickel

Nickel bromide ammonia, NiBr2, 6NH6
Sol m little H20, but decomp by more

(Rammelsberg, Pogg 65 243 )
Sol m warm cone NH4OH+Aq, insol in

cold (Richards and Cushmann, Z anorg

1898, 16 175 )

Nickel bromide cupnc oxide, NiBr2, 3CuO +

4H20

Not decomp by H20 (Mailhe, A ch
1902, (7) 27 377 )

Nickel bromide hydrazine, NiBr , 2N H4
Easily sol in dil acids and NH4OH+Aq
NiBr2, 3N2H4 Sol mdil acids (Franzen,

Z anorg 1908, 60 263-4 )

Nickel carbonyl, Ni(CO)4

Insol in H20, not attacked by dil acids or
alkalies or cone HCl-f-Aq Easily sol m
cone HNOs+Aq and m aqua regia Sol in
alcohol, benzene, and chloroform (Mond,
Langer, and Qumcke, Chem Soc 57 749 )

Sol in hydrocarbons, especially oil of tur-
pentine (Berthelot, C R 1891, 112 1346 )

Sol in acetone, toluene, methyl and ethy
alcohol, etc (I enher and Loos, J Am Chem
Soc 1900,22 114)

Nickel chloride, NiCl2

Anhydrous Not immediately sol in H2O
but gradualh dissolves on boiling or by addi-
tion of HCl+Aq Deliquesces on air, and is
then easily sol m H2O Sol m NH4OH+Aq
Sol in alcohol Sol m hot HCl-fAq only
slowly

Sp gr of NiCl2+Aq containing
5 10 15 20 25% NiCL
1 0493 1 0995 1 1578 1 2245 1 3000
(B Franz, J pr (2) 5 285 )

Sp gr of NiCl2+Aq containing, in 1000
grms H20, g NiCl2+7H20 at 23 1°

100 ~ / 1^ ™~1 \ OKfl QQ/1 K1O

128 g ( = Kmol) 256 384

1 057 1 107 1 149
640 768 896 1024

1 220 1 249 1 276 1 301

512
1187

Containing g NiCL (anhydrous)
65 g ( = Jimoni30 195 260 325 390
061 1 119 1 176 1 230 1 284 1 335

(Gerlach, Z anal 28 468 )

Sp gr of NiCl2-|-Aq at room temp con-
;ainmg

11449 2269 3040%NiCl2
1 1093 1 2264 1 3371
(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 269 )

Sp gr of NiCli+Aq at 25°

Concentration of NiCh-J-Aq

1-normal

Vr- "

Sp gr

1 05Q1
1 0308
1 0144
1 0067

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 39 )

Insol in liquid NH8 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 828 )

100 pts absolute alcohol dissolve at room
temperature 10 05 pts NiCl2 (Bodtker, Z
phys Ch 1897, 22 511 )

Sol in auinoline (Beckmann and Gabel,
Z anorg 1906, 61 236 )

Difficultly sol m methyl acetate (Nau-
mann, B 1909, 42 3790 )

Insol m ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1910,43 314)

Solubility in glycol = 161-163% (de
Conmck, C C 1905, II 1234 )

SI sol m benzomtnle (Naumann, B
1914,47 1369 ^

Anhydrous NiCl2 is insol m acetone
(Krug and M'Elroy, J Anal Ch 6 184 )

Insol in acetone and in methylal (Eid-
mann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

+H2O (Baubigny )

11 sat HCl-|-4.q at 12° contains 40 g NiCli
dissolved from NiCl2, H2O (Ditte )

+2H2O (Sabatier, Bull Soc (3) 1 88 )

-J-6H O Deliquescent m moist, efflores-
cent m dry air, sol in H^O with evolution of
heat Sol m 1 5 to 2 pts H20 Easily sol
m alcohol (1 upputi )

1 1 H2O dissolves 600 g NiCl2+6H20
(Ditte, A ch 1879, (5) 22 551 )

Sat aq solution contains at
—17° —16° +10° 18°
297 310 373 38 5% NiCli,

38° 59° 78° 96°
419 450 466 467%NiCl2
(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 539 )

Solubility of NiCl2+6H20 = 3753% NiCl2
at 25° (Foote, J Am Chem Soc 1912, 34
882)

100 pts absolute alcohol dissolve at room
temperature 53 71 pts NiCl2+6H20 (Bodt-
ker, Z phys Ch 1897, 22 511 )

538

NICKEL HYDROGEN CHLORIDE

+7H20 100 g absolute alcohol dissolve
2 16 g KiCl2-h7H20 at 17° and 1 4 g at 3°
(de Bruyn, R t c 1892, 11 156 )

Nickel hydrogen chloride, 3NiCl2, 2HC1+
(Reitzenstein, Z anorg 1898, 18 270 )

Nickel rubidium chloride, NiCl2, 2RbCl

Easily sol in H20 and HCl+Aq (Godef-
frov, B 8 9 )

Nickel thalhc chloride, NiCl2, 2T1C18H-8H20
Deliquescent Can be cryst from H20
(Gewecke, A 1909, 366 221 )

Nickel tin (stannous) chloride, NiCl2, SnCl2+
Sol in H2O ( Jorgensen )

Nickel tin (stannic) chloride
See Chlorostannate, nickel

Nickel chloride ammonia, NiCl2, 2NH3
Sol in H20, decomp on boiling, insol in

alcohol
AT m ovrrr . OTT o (Andre, C R 1888,

Sol m cold H20 without
in alcohol Very si sol in
Aq

__ in a sat solution of NEUCl
HA ^.LjL4OH-J-Aq (Sorensen, Z anorg 1894,
5 363)

Nickel chloride cupnc oxide, NiCl2, 3CuO+

4H20

Not decomp by H20 (Mailhe, A ch
1902, (7) 27 377 )

Nickel chloride hydrazine, NiCl2, 2N2H4
Sol in dil acids and NH3 + \q (Franzen,

Z anorg 1908, 60 262 )

" ~!12, 3N2H4 Sol in dil acids (F )

Nickel fluoride, NiF2

Sol in about 5000 pts H20, insol in alcohol
and ether Not attacked by HC1, HNO3, or
H2S04 even when hot (Poulenc, C R 114
1426)

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 828 )

+2H20 Decomp by pure H20 Sol m
HoO acidulated with HF (Berzelius )

+3H20 (Clarke, Sill Am J (3) 13 291 )

Nickel hydrogen fluoride, INiF , 5HF+6H/)
Easily sol m H20 and dil acids Sol in
NH4OH+Aq with decomp (Bohm, Z
anorg 1905,43 330)

Nickel potassium fluoride, NiF2, KF

+H2O Sol m H20 (Wagner, B 19 1
896)

, 2KF SI sol in H2O Scarcely sol
in methyl or ethyl alcohol or benzene
(Poulenc, C R 114 747)

Nickel potassium zirconium fluoride
See Fluozirconate, nickel potassium

Nickel manganic fluoride
See Fluomanganate, nickel

Nickel sodium fluoride, NiF2, NaF+HsO
Sol m H20 (Wagner, B 19 896 )

Nickel stannic fluoride
See Fluostannate, nickel

Nickel titanium fluoride
See Fluotitanate, nickel

Nickel tungstyl fluoride
See Fluoxytungstate, nickel

Nickel vanadium fluoride
See Fluovanadate, nickel

Nickel zirconium fluoride
See Fluozirconate, nickel

Nickel fluoride ammonia, 5NiF . 6NH34

SH20

Insol m cold H2O D( comp by hot II 0
Easily sol in dil acids (Bohm, Z inoig
1905, 43 334 )

Nickelous hydroxide, 4Ni(),H , H ()

Very si sol m H () So] in i<i<ls Insol
m KOH or NiOH+Aq Som< \\lut <liih
cultlysol mfNHt) CO.oi NII,()IH-Aq, hu
easily bol mpus<n« of NHi sills Sol 11
NH4 salts+Aq Sol in K(N-f-\q (Hod
gers, 1834 )
Sol in boiling NIL4C I+Aq

Solubility m Nir4C)lI-f-

Nlij norm

( Ni j>< i 1

( \l<) II l» 1 1

0 OOJS7
0 0()r)7()
0 ()OS7r)
(> 01227

1

2
3

4

0 OS I
0 170
0 257
0 M)

4 Oil
3 000
2 101
0 602

2 r)SO
1 7SO

o sr>

0 1«5S

0 ()S7<)
0 ()(>07
0 02SI
(» (KJ51

The non-agrccmcnt of the results is diu t(
the formation of different modific it ions o
Ni02H2

(BonsdorfF, Z anorg 1904, 41 ISC )

NICKEL PHOSPHIDE

539

Solubility in NH4OH + Aq

Cone of Ni =0 014N in IN NH4OH+Aq
" " "=0036N "2NNH4OH+Aq

CStarck, B 1903, 36 3840 )

Sol in hot NH4F+Aq (von Helmolt, Z
anorg 1893, 3 133 )

Insol in methyl or amyl arnine (Wurtz )

Not pptd ni presence of Na citrate
(Spiller )

Not pptd m presence of a large number of
non-volatile organic substances, particularly
H.CJS40, (Rose)

Nicfcelonickehc hydroxide, Ni304, 2H20

Sol in acids, insol m HaO and alkalies
(Dudley, J Am Chem Soc 1896, 18 901 )

Nickehc hydroxide, Ni203, 2H20 (?)

(Wermcke, Pogg 141 122 )

Ni2O3, SHaO (?) Sol in acids as mckelous
salts Not attacked by boiling KOH or
NaOH+Aq Slowly sol in HC2H302+Aq
Sol in NH4OH, and NH4 salts +Aq (Od-
ling)

Nickel iodide, NiI2

Dehquescent and sol in H20 (Erdmann,
J pr 7 254)

Sat NiI2~f-Aq contains at
—23° —6° +11° 16°
51 8 54 3 57 8 5Q 0% NiI2,

43° 80° 85° 90°
64 1 65 0 65 2 65 7% NiI2
(Etard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 546 )

-f6H2O Deliquescent Easily sol in
H2O (Erdmann )

Nickel iodide ammonia, NiT2, 4NH3

(Rammolsberg, Pogg 48 119 )

Nil , bNH3 Decomp by H20 Sol in
waimdil NH4OH-hAq Very si sol in cone
NH4OH+Aq (1< idmann )

Nickel iodide hydrazme, NiIo(N2H4)2

Insol in H2O Sol in acids (Franzen,
Z anoiR 1911, 70 150)

Nickel swfooxide, Ni,() +H 0

Insol in H (), sol m HC1 and H S04 and
HMO3, also m IvCN+Aq (Moore, C N
1895, 71 81 )

Nickelous oxide, NiO

Insol m H2O bol m cone acids, except
when ciystilhne, when it is scarcely attacked
by acids (l^bdmen, C R 33 256)

Very si sol m boiling NH4Cl+Aq (De-
margay )

Very slowly sol m NH4OH-f-Aq Insol in
K6H, and NaOH+Aq

Sol m mm acids, especially HCl-fAq
when warmed, insol m HC2H802) NH4C1

andNH4SCN+Aq Insol in cone NaOH+
Aq (Zimmerman, A 232 324 )

1 1 solution containing 418 6 g sugar and
34 3 g CaO dissolves 0 29 g NiO (Boden-
bender, J B 1865 600 )

Mm Bunsemte

Nickelomckelic oxide, NisO4
Sol in acids (Baubigny, C R 87 1082 )
+2F20 Insol in H2O, and in alkalies -£

Aq Sol m acids (Dudley. J Am Chem

Soc 1896, 18 901 )
6NiO, NiaOs-f H2O (Schonbem, J pr 93

35)

Nickekc oxide, Ni2O3

Sol m HN08, H9S04, or HCl-fAq with
decomp , also m NH4OH and (NH4)2CO3+
Aq (Winkelblech, A 13 259)

Nickel peroxide, Ni805 (?)

(Bayle^, C N 39 81 )

Correct composition is Ni203 (Carnot,
C R 108 610)

Ni407 (?) (Wicke, Zeit Ch 1865 303 )

Ni04 (HoUard, C R 1903, 136 230 )

Nickel oxychlonde

SI sol in H2O (Berzehus )

NiCl , 8NiO + 13H 0 (Raoult, C R 69
826)

Nickel oxyiodide, Nil>, 9NiO+15H 0

Insol in H20 Sol in HNOs+Aq or acetic
acid Insol in NH4OH4-A.a AJcohol dis-
solves out Nil (Eidmann )

Nickel oxyselemde

Almost insol in boiling HC1, decomp by
HNO3 (Fonzes-Diacon, C R 1900, 131
557)

Nickel phosphide, Ki P

Sol in HN03+ \q ind aqua regia, insol u
HCl+Aq (fetruve, J pi 79 321 )

Sol in aqua lean md m H\T03, sol n
filled alkih (Giangei, Bull Soc 1S96, (3)
15 10S9)

Easily sol m HNO3 ( Gi anger, C N 1898,
77 220 )

When prepared b} heiting, phosphorus,
copper ind nickel in electric furnace, is insol
m ill acids except a mixtuie of HNO3 and
HF (Maronneau, C R 1000, 130 657 )

NiP Sol in HIs03, decomp bv fused
\iOH (Jolibois,C R 1910,150 107)

ISliPs Sol m HIs03j decomp by fused
NaOH (J )

Ni>P, Insol in HNO8, HC1 and aqua
regia stable m the air even when heated
(Granger, Bull Soc 1896, (3) 15 1086 )

Ni3Po Not attacked bv HC1 Easilv at-
tacked by HN03 (Rose, Pogg 1832, 24
232)

540

NICKEL PHOSPHOSULPHIDE

N5P2 Sol in HN03. aqua regia and in
fused alkali (Granger, C R 1896, 123 177 )

Nickel phosphosulphide, Ni3PSa

Decomp by hot H2O or by aqua regia
SI attacked by HN08 (Ferrand, A ch
1899, (7) 17 417 )

Nickel semtselemde, Ni2Se

Almost insol in boiling HC1, decomp by
HN03 (Fonzes-Diacon. C R 1900, 131
557)

Nickel selemde, NiSe

Insol in H20, dil or cone HCl+Aq,
slowly sol in HN03 4-Aq, easily in aqua regia
(Little, A 112 211 )

Almost insol in boihng HC1, decomp by
HN08 (Fonzes-Diacon, C R 1900, 131
557)

NiSe2 (Fonzes-Diacon )

Nijlel} Almosfc mso1 m boilmg HC1'
decomp by HNOs (Fonzes-Diacon )

Nickel sihcide,

Sol in HF and aqua regia, insol in cold
H20. decomp by steam at red heat, sol in
fused alkali carbonates (Vigouroux, C R
1895, 121 687 )

Nickel semsulphide, Ni2S

Sol in HNOs+Aq, with residue of S
Difficultly sol in cone HCl+Aq, insol in
dil HCl+Aq (Arfvedson, Pogg 1 65,
Gautier, C R 108 1111 )

Does not exist (Bornemann, C A 1908
1686)

Nickel woftosulphide, NiS

Anhydrous Insol in H2O, HC1, or H2SO4
+ 4q Sol in HNOs+Aq or aqua regia

Mm Mill&nte

+sH20 Insol in H20, but decomp by
H20 in contact with the air (Clermont and
Guiot, C R 84 714), or by boihng with H2O
(Geitner, A 139 354 )

When pptd with (NH4)2S, is somewhat sol
in H2O 1 1 H20 dissolves 39 87 X 10 6 moles
NiS at 18° (Weigel, Z phys Ch 1907, 58
294)

Very si sol in dil HCl+Aq, and still less
in HC2H302 + Aq (Fresemus )

More sol in HN03+Aq, and easily m aqua
regia

Somewhat sol in NH4OH+Aq or solutions
of alkali sulphides Insol m NH4SH+Aq
(Fresemus )

Sol at moment of formation m Na2S but
not in (NH4)2S+Aq (Villiers, C R 1894,
119 1264)

Sol while yet moist in H2S03+Aq (Ber-
thier)

When recently pptd , sol in KCN+Aq
(Haidlen )

Pptd in presence of non-volatile organic
substances as tartanc acid, etc (Rose )

Sol ni potassium thiocarbonate+Aq
(Rosenbladt, Z anal 26 15 )

Exists m a colloidal form in a very dil
solution (Winnsmger, Bull Soc (2) 49 452 )

a modification

Very sol m 2N-HCl+Aq sat with H2S

0 modification

0033 g is sol in 1 1 2N-HCl+Aq sat
with H2S, very sol m 2N-HCl+Aq

7 modification

Insol m 2N-HCl+Aq sat with H2S
0013 g is sol in 2N-HCl+Aq (Thiel,
C C 1914, 1 19 )

Nickel sulphide, Ni3S2

(Bornemann, C A 1908 1686 )
Ni3S4 (Bornemann )
)

(Bornemann

Mm Polydymite Insol in HC1+
Aq Sol in HN03+Aq with separation of S
Ni6S7 Mm Beyncfnte Sol in HCl+Aq

Nickel cfosulphide, NiS2
(Fellenberg, Pogg 50 75 )
Does not exist (Bellucci, C A 1909 293 )

Nickel potassium sulphide, 3NiS, K2S

Insol in H2O (Schneider, J pr (2) 9
209)

KjNinSio Not attacked by hot (NH4)2S,
slowly attacked by HC1 or cold aqua regia,
quickly by hot aqua regia HF and H2SO4
otissolve only on heating Insol in organic
acids, alkalies and 12% HC1, also m KCN,
AgNOs or CuSO4+Aq (Milbauer, Z anorg
1904, 42 447 )

Nickel tellunde, Ni2Te3
Mm Melonite Sol mHN03+Aq
NiTe (Fabre, C R 105 277 )

Nickelicotungstic acid

Ammonium mckelicotungstate, 2 ( N H4) /),
2Ni203, 8W03+14H,0

(Rogers and Smith, J Am Chem Soc
1904, 26 1476 )

3(NH4)2O, Ni203, 16WO3+22HO Very
si sol in H20 (Rogers and Smith )

Barium mckekcotungstate, 19BaO, Ni203,

16W03
Ppt Very insol m H20 (B F Smith )

Nickekmolybdic acid

Banum mckelimolybdate, 3BaO, NiO^,

9Mo03+12H2O

Ppt (Hall, J Am Chem Soc 1907, 29
702)

NITRATOPURPUBEOCOBALTIC BROMIDE

541

Potassium mckehmolybdate, 3K20. Ni02,

9Mo03+6JiE20
Very msol even in hot H2O (Hall )

Nickelomolybdic acid

Ammonium hydrogen mckelomolybdate,

(NH4)4H6[Ni(Mo04)d +5H20
SI sol in H20, easily in dil acids (Bar-
bieri, C A 1915 897 )

Barium hydrogen mckelomolybdate,

Ba2H6[Ni(Mo04)6] +10H20
Ppt (Barbieri )

Potassium hydrogen mckelomolybdate,
K4H6[Ni(Mo04)6]+5H20
SI sol in H20, easily in acids (Barbieri )

Silver hydrogen mckelomolybdate,

Ag4H6lNi(Mo04)6]+3H20
Insol in H20, sol in NH4OH, or HN03+
Aq (Barbieri )

Nickelomckelous acid

Potassium mckelomckehte, K2Ni204 or K20.

NiO, Ni02

(Hofmann and Hiendlmaier, B 1906. 39
3186)

Sodium mckelomckehte, Na2Ni306 = Na20,

NiO, 2NiO2
(Bellucci and Rubegru, C C 1907, 1 794 )

Nickelous acid

Banum cfomckelite, BaO, 2Ni02

Unstable, decomp by cold H20, slowly
and very rapidly by hot H2O (Dufau, C R
1896, 123 496 )

Niobium, Nb

For niobium and its compounds, see colum-
bium, Cb, and the corresponding compounds

Nitramide, NH2N02

Deoomp bv cone H,{SO4 Easily sol in
H20, alcohol, ether and acetone I ess sol m
benzol Almost msol in ligrom (Thiele and
Lachman, A 1895, 288 297 )

Sol in ether, msol m petroleum ether
Very unstable, decomp by hot H20 (Thiele
and Lachman, B 1894, 27 1909 )

Nitratochloroplatmamme comps
See Chloromtratoplatinamine comps

Nitratocobalt octamme comps
See Nitratooctamine cobalttc comps

Nitratooctamine cobaltic carbonate,

(N03)2Co2fNH3)8(C03)2+H20
Less sol than other octamine carbonates
(Vortmann and Blasberg, B 22 2650 )

- chloride, (NOs)2Co2(NH3)8Cl4+4H20
(Vortmann and Blasberg, B 22 2652 )

- iodide, (N03)2Co2(NH3)8l4+2H2O
(Vortmann and Blasberg )

— - nitrate
See Octamine cobaltic nitrate

- sulphate, (N03)2Co2(NH3)8(S04)2-f
2H20

+4H20 (Vortmann and Blasberg, B 22
2652)

Nitratoplatinamine nitrate,

(N03)2Pt(NH8N08)2

SI sol in cold, more easily m hot H2O,
easily sol in dil HN03+Aq (Cleve )

- nitrite, (N03)2Pt(NH3NO2)2
Easily sol m H2O (Cleve)

Nitratoplatnidiamine chloride,

(N03)2Pt(N2H6Cl)2+H2O
Moderately sol m cold, very easilv m hot
H20

- chloroplatinate, (NOs)2Pt(N2H6Cl)2,
PtCl4+2H20

Ppt

- chromate, (NO3)2Pt(N2H6)2Cr04
Nearly msol m H20 (Cleve )

SI sol mH20

- nitrate, (NO,)2Pt(N2II8N03)2
Sol mH2O Insol mHNO3+Aq

- phosphate, NO3Pt(N2H0) +H2O

\ /
P04
Very si sol in H O (Cleve )

Nitratoefoplatindzamm e nitrate,

(N08)2Pt2(N2HG)4(N03)4
Sol in H2O with decomp

Nitratopurpureocobaltic bromide,

Co(N08)fNH3)6Br

Resembles the chloride in its properties
( Jorgensen, J pr (2) 23 227 )

542

NITRATOPURPUREOCOBALTIC CARBONATE

Nitralopurpureocobaltic carbonate,

Co(N03)(NH8)6(C08)+H20
Less sol m H20 than other purpureocar-
bonates (Vortmann and Blasberg, B 22
2648 )

chloride, Co(NOa)(NH3)6Cl2

SI sol in cold H2O, but more than nitrate,
more easily sol m hot H20, but is converted
into roseo salt Insol in HCl+Aq or alcohol
(Jorgensen, J pr (2) 23 227 )

mercuric chloride,

Co(NO3)(NH3)6Cl2, HgCl2
Not wholly msol in H20 (Jorgensen )

chloroplatinate, Co(NO3)(NH3)6Cl2,

PtCl4

Ppt Nearly insol in cold H20 ( Jorgen-
•sen)

chromate,
Nearly insol in H20 (Jorgensen)

cfochromate

SI sol in H20, but more easily than the
neutral salt (Jorgensen )

- dithionate, Co(N08)(NH3)fiS206

Very si sol in cold, more easily in hot H2O
( Jorgensen )

- nitrate, Co(N03)(NH3)5(NO3)2

Sol in 273 pts H20 at 16° Much more sol
in hot H2O containing HNO3 (Jorgensen, J
pr (2) 23 227 )

- cobaltic nitrite, 3Co(NO3)(NH3)6,
2Co(N02)6+2H20

Very si sol m H^O (Jorgensen, Z anorg
45 176 )

- dianune cobaltic nitrite, Co(NO3)(NH3)e
(N02)4Co(NH3)2

Ppt (Jorgensen )

- oxalate, Co(NO»)(NH3)5C2O4
Ppt

-- sulphate, Co(N03)(NH3)6SO4+H20

Rather difficultly sol in cold H2O (Jor-
gensen )

JNTitratopurpureorhodium chlonde,

(N08)Rh(NH3)6Cl2

SI sol in cold H20, but more easily than
the nitrate (Jorgensen, J pr (2) 34 394 )

dithionate,
Nearly insol m cold H20 (Jorgensen )

Nitratopurpureorhodium nitrate,

(N03)Rh(NH3)6(N03)2
Very si sol in cold H20 Insol in alcohol
(Jorgensen )

Nitric acid, HN03

Miscible with H20 When HN03+ Aq is
distilled at 760 ram pressure, an acid contain-
ing 68% HN03 is formed, which boils at
120 5° under 735 mrn pressure By distilling
at 150 mm pressure the acid contains 67 6%
HN03, at 70 mm (b -pt 65-70°) the acid
contains 667% HN03 The percentage of
HNO3 m the liquid obtained by passing dry
air into HN03-hAq containing 64r-68% HNOS
vanes with the temp , the higher the temp
the greater the percentage of HN03 (Roscoe,
Chem Soc 13 150)

HNOsH-Aq of 1 5J sp gr contains 67% Na06
1 42 64

1 35 44 4

1 315 3B 6

(Dalton )

52 sp gr
1 522

1 4
(Mitscherhrh )

41

HNOs+Aq of 1298 sp gr contains 305 75% NaOs

(Kirwan )

HNOs+Aq of 1 298 sp gr contains 18% (Daw )
HNOs +Aq of 1 298 sp gr contains 3.2-33% (Ber

thollet )

For Ure's table of sp gr of HNO3-fAq, Se<
Watt's Diet Isted

Sp gr of HN03+Aq at 0° and 15°

Hisfos

*&.

Sp t,r
at 0

bp tr
at 15°

100 00

85 71

1 559

1 530

99 84

85 57

1 559

1 530

99 72

85 47

1 558

1 530

99 52

85 30

1 557

1 529

97 89

83 90

1 551

1 523

97 00

83 14

1 548

1 520

96 00

82 28

1 544

1 516

95 27

81 66

1 542

1 514

94 00

80 57

1 547

1 509

93 01

79 72

1 5*i

1 506

92 00

78 85

1 529

1 503

91 00

78 00

1 526

1 499

90 00

77 15

1 522

1 495

89 56

76 77

1 521

1 494

88 00

75 43

1 514

1 4SS

87 45

74 95

1 513

1 4S6

86 17

73 86

1 507

1 4S2

85 00

72 86

1 503

1 47S

84 00

72 00

1 499

1 474

83 00

71 14

1 495

1 470

82 00

70 28

1 492

1 467

80 96

69 39

1 488

1 463

80 00

68 77

1 484

1 460

79 00

67 71

1 481

1 456

77 66

66 56

1 476

1 451

76 00

65 14

1 469

1 445

75 00

64 28

1 465

1 442

74 01

63 44

1 462

1 438

NITRIC ACID

543

Sp gr of HNOS, etc —Continued

Bp gr of HN03+Aq at 15° a = %, b=sp
gr if % is N2O6, c = sp gr tf % is HNO8

HN03

&

Sp gr
at 0°

ba?lf°

a

b

c

a

b

c

73 00

62 57

1 457

1 435

1

1 007

1 006

51

1 372

1 323

72 39

62 05

1 455

1 432

2

1 014

1 012

52

1 378

1 329

71 24

61 06

1 450

1 429

3

1 021

1 018

53

1 385

1 335

69 96

60 00

1 444

1 423

4

1 0^7

1 024

54

1 390

1 341

69 20

59 31

1 441

1 419

5

1 034

1 029

55

1 396

1 346

68 00

58 29

1 435

1 414

6

1 040

1 035

56

1 401

1 356

67 00

57 43

1 430

1 410

7

1 047

1 040

57

1 407

1 358

66 00

56 57

1 425

1 405

8

1 053

1 045

58

1 413

1 363

65 07

55 77

1 420

1 400

9

1 061

1 051

59

1 418

1 369

64 00

54 84

1 415

1 395

10

1 069

1 057

60

1 423

1 374

63 59

54 50

1 413

1 393

11

1 076

1 064

61

1 427

1 380

62 00

53 14

1 404

1 386

12

1 083

1 070

62

1 432

1 386

61 21

52 46

1 400

1 381

13

1 091

1 077

63

1 436

1 390

60 00

51 43

1 393

1 374

14

1 09&

1 083

64

1 440

1 395

59 59

51 08

1 391

1 372

15

1 104

1 089

65

1 445

1 400

«68 88

50 47

1 387

1 368

16

1 112

1 095

66

1 449

1 405

58 00

49 71

1 382

1 363

17

1 120

1 100

67

1 452

1 410

57 00

48 86

1 376

1 358

18

1 126

1 106

68

1 457

1 414

56 10

48 08

1 371

1 353

19

1 134

1 112

69

1 461

1 419

55 00

47 14

1 365

1 346

20

1 141

1 120

70

1 466

1 422

54 00

46 29

1 359

1 341

21

1 149

1 126

71

1 470

1 427

53 81

46 12

1 358

1 339

22

1 156

1 132

72

1 474

1 430

53 00

45 40

1 353

1 335

23

1 165

1 138

73

1 478

1 435

52 33

44 85

1 349

1 331

24

1 172

1 145

74

1 482

1 439

50 99

43 70

1 341

1 323

25

1 180

1 151

75

1 486

1 442

49 97

42 83

1 334

1 317

26

1 187

1 159

76

1 490

1 445

49 00

42 00

1 328

1 312

27

1 195

1 166

77

1 494

1 449

48 00

41 14

1 321

1 307

28

1 202

1 172

78

1 499

1 452

47 18

40 44

1 315

1 398

29

1 211

1 179

79

1 503

1 456

46 64

39 97

1 312

1 295

30

1 218

1 185

80

1 507

1 460

45 00

38 57

1 300

1 284

31

1 225

1 192

81

1 511

1 463

43 53

37 31

1 291

1 274

32

1 232

1 198

82

1 515

1 467

42 00

36 00

1 280

1 264

33

1 240

1 204

83

1 519

1 470

41 00

35 14

1 274

1 257

34

1 248

1 210

84

1 523

1 474

40 00

34 28

1 267

1 251

35

1 255

1 218

85

1 527

1 478

39 00

33 43

1 260

1 244

36

1 264

1 225

86

1 530

1 481

37 95

32 53

1 253

1 237

37

1 271

1 230

87

1 484

36 00

30 86

1 240

1 225

38

1 280

1 236

88

1 488

35 00

29 99

1 234

1 218

39

1 286

1 244

89

1 491

33 86

29 02

1 226

1 211

40

1 295

1 251

90

1 495

32 00

27 43

1 214

1 198

41

1 304

1 257

91

1 499

31 00

26 57

1 207

1 192

42

1 312

1 264

92

1 503

30 00

25 71

1 200

1 185

43

1 318

1 270

93

1 506

29 00

24 85

1 194

1 179

44

1 325

1 276

94

1 509

28 00

•24 00

1 187

1 172

45

1 332

1 284

95

1 512

27 00

23 14

1 180

1 166

46

1 340

1 290

96

1 516

25 71

22 04

1 171

1 157

47

1 346

1 298

97

1 520

23 00

19 71

1 153

1 138

48

1 352

1 304

98

1 523

20 00

17 14

1 132

1 120

40

1 360

1 312

99

] 526

17 47

14 97

1 115

1 105

50

1 366

1 316

100

1 530

15 00

12 85

1 099

1 089

13 00

11 14

1 085

1 077

(Kolb, calculated by Gerl ich, Z anal 8 292

11 41

7 72

9 77
6 62

1 075
1 050

1 067
1 045

Sp gr of HNO3+Aq at 17 5°

4 00

3 42

1 026

1 022

Of

°/

( >

2 00

1 71

1 013

1 010

A

Sp gr

N/O&

Sp gr

N/(h

Sp nr

Onn

Onn

i nnn

OQQQ

uu

U\J

i \j\j\j

yt;y

K

1 032

9

1 060

13

1 OS9

(Kolb, A ch (4) 10 140 )

O

6

1 038

10

1 068

14

1 096

7

1 045

11

1 075

15

1 104

8

1 053

12

1 082

16

1 111

541

NITRIC ACID

Sp gr of EN03, etc — Continued

Most accurate table
Sp gr of ENOs+Aq at 15°, H2O at 4°«1

%N206

So gr

%Na06

Sp gr

%N2OB

Sp gr

17

1 118

40

1 294

63

1 434

%TT\rn«

Kg HNOs

18

1 125

41

1 301

64

1 438

Sp gr

% aO*

JtllNVJs

m 1 1

19
20

1 132
1 140

42
43

1 308
1 315

65
66

1 442
1 447

1 000

0 08

0 10

0 001

21

1 147

44

1 323 1

67

1 451

1 005

0 85

1 00

0 010

22

1 115

45

1 330

68

1 456

1 010

1 62

1 90

0 019

23

1 163

46

1 338

69

1 460

1 015

2 39

2 80

0 028

24

1 170

47

1 345

70

1 465

1 020

3 17

3 70

0 038

25

1 178

48

1 352

71

1 469

1 025

3 94

4 60

0 047

26

1 186

49

1 358

72

1 472

1 030

4 71

5 50

0 057

27

1 194

50

1 364

73

1 476

1 035

5 47

6 38

0 066

28

1 201

51

1 371

74

1 480

1 040

6 $2

7 26

0 075

29

1 209

52

1 377

75

1 484

1 045

6 97

8 13

0 085

30

1 217

53

1 383

76

1 488

1 050

7 71

8 99

0 094

31

1 224

54

1 389

77

1 492

1 055

8 43

9 84

0 104

32

1 232

55

1 394

78

1 496

1 060

9 15

10 68

0 113

33

1 239

56

1 400

79

1 500

1 065

9 87

11 51

0 123

34

1 247

57

1 406

80

1 504

1 070

10 57

12 33

0 132 *

35

1 255

58

1 412

81

1 508

1 075

11 27

13 15

0 141

36

1 263

59

1 416

82

1 512

1 080

11 96

13 95

0 151

37

1 271

60

1 421

83

1 516

1 085

12 64

14 74

0 160

38

1 279

61

1 426

84

1 519

1 090

13 31

15 53

0 169

39

1 287

62

1 430

85

1 523

1 095

13 99

16 32

0 179

1 100

14 67

17 11

0 188

(Eager, Comm 1883 )

1 105

15 34

17 89

0 198

Sp gr EN08+Aqatl75°

1 110

16 00

18 67

0 207

1 115

16 67

19 45

0 217

%N2Os

Sp gr

% N206

Sp gr <

%Na06

Sp gr

1 120

17 34

20 23

0 227

10
15
20
30

1 068
1 104
1 140
1 917

40
50
60

1 293
1 361
1 417

70
80

85

1 465
1 500
1 514

1 125
1 130
1 135
1 140

18 00
18 66
19 32
19 98

21 00
21 77
22 54
23 31

0 236
0 246
0 256
0 266

ov/

j. & j. i

1 145

20 64

24 08

0 276

(Eager, Adjumenta varia, Leipzig, 1876 )

1 150

21 29

24 84

0 286

Sp gr of ENOs+Aq at 15°

1 555

1 IfiO

21 94
99 fin

25 60

0 296

OOflfv

% HNOs

Sp gr

% HNOs

Sp gr

-L J-UU

1 165

A£i UU

23 25

27 12

ouu

0 316

1

1 00581

26

1 15869

1 170

23 90

27 88

0 326

2

1 01136

27

1 16660

1 175

24 54

28 63

0 336

3

1 01713

28

1 17371

1 180

25 18

29 38

0 347

4

1 02286

29

1 18073

1 185

25 83

30 13

0 357

5

1 02851

30

1 18830

1 190

26 47

30 88

0 3(>7

6

1 03439

31

1 19552

1 195

27 10

31 62

0 37S

7

1 04019

32

1 20276

1 200

27 74

32 3(>

0 3SS

8

1 04592

33

1 20635

1 205

28 56

33 09

0 399

9

1 05234

34

1 21300

1 210

2S 99

33 82

0 40°

10

1 05746

35

1 22013

1 215

29 61

34 55

0 420

11

1 06330

36

1 22675

1 220

30 24

35 2S

0 430

12

1 06951

37

1 23347

1 225

30 88

30 03

0 441

13

1 07581

38

1 23980

1 230

31 53

36 7S

0 452

14

1 08126

39

1 24510

1 235

32 17

37 53

0 4h3

15

1 08843

40

1 25235

1 240

32 82

38 29

0 475

16

1 09500

41

1 25850

1 245

33 47

39 05

0 4Sb

17

1 10102

42

1 26475

1 250

34 13

39 82

0 49S

18

1 10725

43

1 27125

1 255

34 78

40 58

0 509

19

1 11321

44

1 28895

1 260

35 44

41 34

0 521

20

1 12024

45

1 28450

1 265

36 09

42 10

0 533

21

1 12714

46

1 29110

1 270

36 75

42 87

0 544

22

1 13349

47

1 29780

1 275

37 41

43 64

0 556

23

1 13890

48

1 30443

1 280

38 07

44 41

0 568

24

1 14460

49

1 31101

1 285

38 73

45 18

0 581

25

1 15164

50

1 31722

1 290

39 39

A(\ f\K.

45 95

0 593

(Squires, Pharm Era, Jan 1891 )

1 295

4U Do

46 72

0 605

NITRATES

545

Sp gr of HN03, etc — Continued

Sp gr

of N-HN03+Aq at 18°/4° = 1 0324

Sp gr

% N206

% HN03

Kg HN03

m 1 1

(Loomis, W Ann 1896, 60 550 )

1 300
1 305
1 310

40 71
41 37
42 06

47 49
48 26
49 07

0 617
0 630
0 643

Sp gr (reduced to a vacuum) of HNOs from
78-100% concentration at 4°/4°,
14 2°/4° and 24 2°/4°

1 315

42 76

49 89

0 656

Sp gr

1 320

43 47

^n 71

OfiftQ

Of TTTMr^

1 325

^to rti

44 17

U\J i JL

51 53

ooy
0 683

0

4740

14 274

24 2740

1 335

44 89
45 62

52 37
53 22

0 697
0 710

78 22

1 47129

1 45504

1 43964

1 340

4b 35

54 07

0 725

79 14

1 46011

1 44372

1 345

48 07

54 93

0 739

79 59

1 47496

1 350

47 82

55 79

0 753

81 97

1 48391

1 46680

1 45092

1 355

48 57

56 66

0 768

84 90

1 49495

1 360

49 35

57 57

0 783

85 21

1 49581

1 365

50 13

58 48

0 798

85 80

1 47826

1 46224

1 370

50 91

59 39

0 814

87 55

1 50211

1 375

51 69

60 30

0 829

87 90

1 48491

1 46891

1 380

52 52

61 27

0 846

89 73

1 50898

1 49125

1 385

53 35

62 24

0 862

92 34

1 51804

1 49968

1 48264

1 390

54 20

63 23

0 879

94 04

1 51949

1 50149

1 48516

1 395

55 07

64 25

0 896

95 62

1 52192

1 50358

1 48677

1 400

55 97

65 30

0 914

96 64

1 52510

1 50632

1 48887

1 405

56 92

66 40

0 933

97 33

1 50911

1 49137

1 410

57 86

67 50

0 952

98 07

1 53212

1 51298

1 49543

1 415

58 83

68 63

0 971

99 97

1 54212

1 52236

1 50394

1 420
1 425

59 83
60 84

69 80
70 98

0 091
1 Oil

(Veley and Manlej

Chem Soc

1903, 83

1 430

61 86

72 17

1 032

it

1 435
1 440
1 445

62 91
64 01
65 13

73 39

74 68
75 98

1 053
1 075
1 098

Sp gr at 20° of HNO3+Aq containing M
g mols HN03 per liter
M 0025 005 0075 010

1 450
1 455

66 24
67 38

77 28
78 60

1 121
1 144

Sp gr 1

000926 1 001798 1 002653 1 003496

1 460

68 56

79 98

1 168

M 025 05

075

10

1 465

60 79

81 42

1 193

Sp gr 1 008481 1 01686 1 02503 1 0336

1 470

71 06

82 00

1 219

M 20

1 475

72 39

84 45

1 246

Sp gr 10670

1 480
1 485

73 76
75 18

86 05

87 70

1 274
1 302

(Jones and Pearce, Am Ch J 1907, 38 732 )

1 490

1 405

76 80
78 57

89 60
91 60

1 335
1 369

For sp gr of HNO3-fH S04, see under
H S04

1 500

80 65

94 09

1 411

Partition coefficient for HNO3 between

1 501

81 00

94 60

1 420

ether and H>0 is increased bv the addition

1 502
1 503
1 504

SI 50
81 01
82 20

95 08
95 55
Ob 00

1 428
1 436
1 444

of nitrates (lanret, C R 1807, 124 464 )
The hydrates described by Erdmann do
not exist There are only t^o authentic hy-

1 505
1 506
1 507
1 508

82 <>3

82 04

8J 58

96 39
9(> 76
97 13
97 50

1 451
1 457
1 464
1 470

drates, the mono- and the tn-hydrate
(Kuster, Ch Z 1904, 28 132 )
The composition of the hydrates formed
by HNO3 at diffeient dilutions is calculated

1 509

83 87

97 84

1 476

from deteimmations

of the lowering of the

1 510
1 511

1 512

84 09
84 2S
84 46

98 10
98 32
98 53

1 481
1 486
1 490

fr-pt produced by
ductivity and sp gr
Am Ch J 1905. 34

HN03 and of the con-
of HNOg+Aq (Jones,
328)

1 513

84 63

98 73

1 494

1 514

84 87

98 90

1 497

Dimtnc

acid, H2N4Oii=2N'205,

H20

1 515
1 516
1 517

84 92
85 04
85 15

99 07
99 21
99 34

1 501
1 504
1 507

Fumes on air Miscible with H^O, with
evolution of much heat (Weber, J pr (2)
6^4-2 "i

1 518

85 26

99 46

1 510

o^rzi )

1 519

85 35

99 57

1 512

Nitrates

1 520

85 44

99 67

1 515

All nitrates are so

1 in H20 except a few

(Lunge and Bey, Z f angew Ch 1891 165 )

basic compounds Most nitrates are insoi m

546

NITRATE, ALUMINUM, BASIC

cone ENOs-hAq, many are sol in alcohol,
some are sol in glycerine

Aluminum nitrate, basic, 2A12OS, 3N2Os+

QTT.A

100 pts H2O dissolve 183 pts NH4N08 ;
19 5° (Mulder )

Solubility m H20 at t°

OJLJU2W

Sol in H20 (Ordway, Sill Am J (2) 26

t°

Specific gravity
of the saturated

Mols of NH4N<
soluble m 100

303)

solu

/ion

mols of wate:

Basic aluminum nitrates containing 2 mols

or less of A120S to one of N2O6 may be ob-

12

2

1 2945

34 50

tained sol in H20, but the compounds con-

20

2

1 3116

43 30

taining more than 2 mols A1203 are insol in

23

0

1 3159

46 57

H20 (Ordway, I c )
2A1 03, N2O6+10H2O (Ditte, C R 110

25

27

0

7

1 3197
1 3257

48 19
51 67

782)

28

0

1 3260

51 86

AleOiAo, HN08 Sol in H20 (Schlum-

30

0

1 3299

54 40

berger, Bull Soc 1895, (3) 13 59 )

30

2

1 3;

508

54 61

Aluminum nitrate, Al(NOs)s+9H20

31

QO

9
i

1 3348

57 20
57 60

Deliquescent Very sol m H20, HN08+
Aq, or alcohol (Berzehus )
Melts m its crystal H20 at 72 7° (Ordway
Sol in 1 pt strong alcohol (Wenzel )
Difficultly sol m acetone (Naumann, B

o<&

32
34
35
35
35

J.

7
0
0
1
6

1 3356
1 3375
1 3394
1 3397
1 3408

y * \j\j

57 90
58 89
59 80
60 00
60 62

1904,37 4328)
Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B

36
36

0
6

1 3412
1 3420

61 00

1910, 43 314 )

37

5

1 3432

62 90

Ammonium nitrate, NH4NOs
Deliquescent

Sol in 0 502 pt H2O at 18° (Karsten )
Sol in 0 54 pt H2O at 10° (Hams C 11 24 816 )

38
38
39
39

0
5
0
5

1 3438
1 3440
1 3448
1 3460

63 60
64 10
65 09
65 88

Much more sol is hot than cold HaO (Harris )

40

0

1 3464

66 SO

Sol in 2 pts HjjO at 15 5° and 0 5 pt boiling HaO

(Fourcroy )
Sol in 1 pt cold and 0 5 pt boiling HaO (Fourcroy )
Sol in 0 5 pt H2<D at 18° (Berzelius )

(MuUer

and Kaufmann, Z phys Ch 191 ,
42 499)

Sol in 2 pts H2O at 18° (Abl )

Decomp by boiling H20

Solubility m H2O at t°

Solubility in 100 pts H20 at t°

G NH4NO3

0

Pts

t°

Pts

t°

Pts

t°

per 100 g

Solid phase

•*

NH4NOa

NH4NO3

NH4N03

solution

water

0
1
2
3
4
5
6

97
101
105
109
113
117
121

24
25
26
27
28
29
30

205
210
216
221
226
232
238

48
49
50
51
52
53
54

351
358
365
372
379
387
395

0
12 2
20 2
25 0
30 0
32 1

54 19
60 53
65 80
68 17
70 73
71 97

118 3
153 4
192 4
214 2
241 8
256 9

NHUNOj rhomb £
Nil. NO, rhomb 0

7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

125
130
134
139
143
148
152
157
161

31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39

244
250
256
262
268
274
280
286
292

55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63

402
410
418
425
433
441
449
457
465

35
40
50
60
70
80
90
100

72 64
74 82
77 49
80 81
83 32
85 25
88 08
89 71

265 8
297 0
344 0
421 0
499 0
580 0
740 0
871 0

rhomb a
NlhNOi rhomb a

NIItNOi rhomb (

16
17
18
19

166
170
175
180

40
41
42
43

298
304
311
317

64
65
66
67

473
481
490
499

(Seidell's Solubilities 1st cd 28 C ilc fj m
Muller & Kauffmann, soo ibovo, id
Schwarz, Ostwald's Lehrb , p 425 )

20
21
22
23

185
190
195
200

44
45
46

47

324
331
337

344

68
69
70

508
517
526

100 g NH4NO3-hAq
54 19 g NH4NO
70 10 g "
84 03 g

contain
3 at 0°
" 30°
"70°

(Mulder, Scheik Verhandel 1864 95 )

(de Waal, Dissert Leiden, 1910 )

NITRATE, AMMONIUM

547

7? 19 g NH4NO8 are contained in 100 g
NH4NO84-Aq sat at 30° (Schreinemakers
and de Baat, Arch neer Sc 1911, (2) 16

Sp gr ofNHiNOs+Aq

% NH4NO8

Sp gr 16°/16°

60 pts NH4N03 mixed with 100 pts H20
lower the temperature from 13 6° to —13 6°,

0
0 6419

1 000000
1 000271

that is 27 2°, but if the initial temperature is
0° it will fall only to —16 7°, the freezing-
point of the mixture (Rudorff, B 2 68 )

1 4101
2 7501
5 4890

1 000593
1 001153
1 002300

11 7981

1 004916

Sp gr of NH4N03-f Aa at 18°

23 4480

At-r f\t:r\(\

1 009758

Pts NEUNOs Pts H20 Sp gr

47 yolX)

1 019952

80 1800 1 0180

(Dijken Z phys Ch 1897, 24 107 )

80 900 1 0331
80 360 1 0743

Sp gr 20°/4° of anormalsolutionof NB^NOs
= 1 030435, of aO 5-nonnal solution 1= 014505

(Thomsen and Gerlach, Z anal 28 520 )

(Haigh, J Am Chem Soc 1912, 34 1151 )

Sp gr of NH4N03+Aq at 15°

B-pt of NH^Os+Aq containing pts
NH4N03 to 100 pts H2O G = according

% NH4N03

Sp gr

% NEUNOa

Sp gr

to vjrerlacn \Zi anal 26 445) , L — accord-
ing to Legrand (A ch (2) 59 426 )

5

1 0201

30

1 1304

•g

•y

10

1 0419

40

1 1780

P1

G

L

f

G

L

20

1 0860

50

1 2279

«

PQ

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

101°

10

10

140°

682

770 5

102

20

20 5

141

719

Sp gr of NH4N03+Aq at 17 5°

103

1 f\A.

30

31 3

42 4-

142

737

no. f

840 6

% NH4N03

Sp gr

% NEUNOa

Sp gr

IlKt

105

52

53 8

144

/DO

793

915 5

1

1 0042

33

1 1454

106
107

63

74

65 4
77 3

145
146

823
853

995 5

2

1 0085

34

1 1502

108

85

89 4

147

883

3

1 0127

35

1 1550

109

96

101 9

148

914

1081 5

4

1 0170

36

1 1598

110

108

114 9

149

945

5

1 0212

37

1 1646

111

120

128 4

150

977

1173 5

6

1 0255

38

1 1694

112

132

142 4

551

1009

7

1 0297

39

1 1742

113

145

156 9

152

1043

1273

8

1 0340

40

1 1790

114

158

172

153

1079

9

1 0382

41

1 1841

115

172

188

154

1116

1383

10

1 0425

42

1 1892

116

187

204 4

155

1155

11

1 0468

43

1 1942

117

202

221 4

156

1196

1504

12

1 0512

44

1 1994

118

217

238 4

157

1238

13

1 0555

45

1 2045

119

232

256 8

158

1281

1637

14

1 0599

46

1 2096

120

248

275 3

159

1325

15

1 0642

47

1 2147

121

265

160

1370

1775

16

1 0686

48

1 2198

122

283

314

161

1417

17

1 0729

49

1 2249

123

301

162

1464

1923

18

1 0773

50

1 2300

124

319

354

163

1511

19

1 0816

51

1 2353

125

337

164

1558

2084

20

1 0860

52

1 2407

126

356

396

165

1606

21

1 0905

53

1 2460

127

376

166

1653

22

1 0950

54

1 2514

128

396

440 2

167

1700

23

1 0995

55

1 2567

129

417

168

1748

24

1 1040

56

1 2621

130

439

487 4

169

1796

25

1 1085

57

1 2674

131

461

170

1844

26

1 1130

58

1 2728

132

484

537 3

180

2400

00

27

1 1175

59

1 2781

133

507

190

3112

28

1 1220

60

1 2835

134

530

590

200

4099

29

1 1265

61

1 2888

135

554

210

5618

30

1 1310

62

1 2942

136

578

645

220

8547

31

1 1358

63

1 3005

137

603

230

16950

32

1 1406

64

1 3059

138

1 QQ

629

705 5

240

00

(Gerlach, Z anal 27 310 )

loy

655

548

NITRATE, AMMONIUM

Very sol in HNO3-f Aq (Schulz, Zeifc
Ch 1869 531 )

Solubility of NH4N08 in HNO3

Solution
temp

+8°

23 0

28 5

29 5*
27 5
27 0
23 5
23 0
17 5
16 5

4 0

9 5
11 0

11 5

12 0
12 0
11 5
11 5
14 5

% bv wt
NBUNOs

21 1

28 7
34 5
38 8

44 6

45 8

49 4

50 0
54 0
54 3
45 8

49 4

51 7

52 7
54 3
54 7
57 6
54 0

68

Solid phase

NH4NO3, 2HN08 (solu-
tion in HN03)

(solution m NH4N03)

NH4NO3, HN05 labile
(solution in HNO3)

(solution in NH4N03)
NE4NO3 (labile)

stable

* Mpt of NH4N03, 2HNO3

(Groschuff Z anorg 1904, 40 6 )

Solubility of NH4N03 in NH4OH+Aq

Grams of
NH4N03

Grams of
NH3

Molecules
ofNH4NOa
in 100
molecules

Temperature at
which the solu
tions are in
equilibrium with

NH33

the solid phase

100

about 168°

0 7578

0 0588

74 2

109 8

0 6439

0 0665

67 3

94 0

4 2615

0 7747

53 8

68 8

0 7746

0 1857

47 0

35 9

0 9358

0 2352

45 9

33 3

0 7600

0 2607

38 3

0

0 9675

0 3515

36 9

— 10 5

0 8308

0 3700

32 3

— 30 0

0 9526

1 2457

13 9

— 44 5

1 3918

4 4327

6 25

— 60

0

100

0

about —80

(Kunloff, Z phys Ch 1898, 25 109 )

NH4N03-j-NH4Cl

100 pts H20 dissolve 29 1 pts NH4C1 and
173 8 pts NH4N03 (Rudorff, B 6 484 )

Sol m sat NH4Cl+Aq with pptn of
NH4C1 until a state of equilibrium is reached
(Karsten )

Addition of KC108 to NH4Cl+Aq prevents
pptn of NH4C1, and dissolves any NH4C1
that may have been pptd (Margueritte, C
R 38 306)

See also under Ammonium chloride

NH4N03+KN03

100 pts H20 dissolve

KN03
NH4N03

At 9°
(1) (2)

At 11°
(3) (4)

At 15°
(5) (6)

20 2

40 6

88 8

143

26 0

46 2
130 4

161

2, Sat at 11° with NH4N03 and then at 9°
with KN03, 5, sat at 11° with NH4N08 and
then at 15° with KN03 (Mulder )

Sol in sat HN03 +Aq without causing ppt
(Karsten) , with separation of KNO3 (Rudorn)

Composition of solution is dependent on the
relative excess of the salts present (Rudorff ]

100 pts H20 dissolve 77 1 pts NaNO8 and
162 9 pts NH4N08 at 16° (Rudorff B 6
484)

If a sat solution of NH4N03-l-Aq at 11° ie
sat with Ba(N03)2 at 9°, 100 pts H20
dissolve

NH4N08
Ba(N03)2

At 11

143

101 3
6 2

At 9°

6 8

(Mulder )
Solubility of NH4NO3H-AgNO3 m H O it t°

— 73°
—10 7
—14 9

—14 8
—18 7

18

30

55

109 6

18
30
40

55
101 5

AgN03

47 1
44 52
42 0

39 51
15 99

0

50 36

55 36
58 89
63 32
67 9

22 13

27 07
29 76
32 68

36 60
47 5

NHiNO-i

0

8 43
16 80

18 79
37 30

41 2

19 59

22 06

23 42
26 12
32 1

44 87

49 22
52 50
52 22

52 38
52 5

Solul pli is<

th

i NIhN< >i
, NlhNOi
-fNIJiNO, ft ih
I« H NlhNOi flib

A/.NO, NIIiNO, f

i ft ih

NJhNO.H-
NH4N()ja rl>

AgNOa NIIiNC)T +
NH4N03 ibd

'Schreinemakers an_d de Baat, Arch ncer Sc
1911 (2) 15 414 )

NITRATE, AMMONIUM

549

Solubility in NH4N03 and AgN08 in H20
at 30°

Solubility of NH4N08+(NH4)2S04 in H2O
at 30°

Composition of the
solution

Solid phase

NI&O,

CNlZU

Solid phase

NEU&Os

AgN08

70 1
67 63
66 93

63 84
58 06

52 75
49 80

3720
19 91
12 05
0

0
2 38
3 46

4 96
8 22

11 42
13 27

19 48
28 83
34 7
44 1

NH4NOS

it

NE4N03-KNH4)oS04,
3NH4NOS
(NHJJSO^SNHJSTOa

(NH4)2SO, 2NH4NO8
(NH4)2S04, 2NEUNO*
(NH4)2S04, 2NH4NOs-f
(NH4)2S04
(NH4)2S04

tt

0
6 59
15 62
23 40
23 45
24 33
26 22
28 86
34 47
39 60
45 44
52 49
52 11
52 89
54 12
58 64
63 59
70 10

73 0

63 27
58 84
58 93
57 93
55 32
52 45
45 85
41 09
35 62
29 77
29 86
29 66
27 75
21 31
12 51
0

AgNOs

(C

AgN08-hAgN03, NH4N03

AgNOs, NH4N03

tt
a
tt
it

NH4N03+ AgNOs, NH^Oa
NH4NO?

(Schreinemakers and Haenen, Chem Weekbl
1909, 6 51 )

Solubility of NH4N034-(NH4)oS04 in H20

Temp =0°

(Schrememakers and de Baat, Z phys Ch
1909, 66 572 )

Solubility of NH4N03+NaNOs in H20 at t°

0

hs

5,

Solid phase

t°

k per 100 g HaO

Sp gr

0

5 61
29 58
29 81
31 04
30 87

31 61
45 99
49 12
54 19

41 4
37 89
41 64
21 33
20 40
20 43

19 50
9 53
6 00
0

(NH4) SO*
(NH4)3S04 2NH4NO3

NH4NOs

NaN03

0

0
105 5
118 4

73 33
66
0

1 354
1 407
1 264

15

0
24 03
42 81
64 6
110 9
152
155 3
156 1
159
160
162 3
167 4

83 9
81 21
79 34
78 06
75 81
75 35
75 38
60 76
36 50
27 79
17 63
0

1 375
1 386
1 392
1 401
1 417
1 428
1 429
1 405
1 364
1 350
1 330
1 298

3NH4N03
(NEW S04 3NH4N03
(NH4)2S04 3NH4N03+NH4NO3
NH4N03

Temp =70

6
w

"«

Solid phabe

30

0
220 8
232 6

96 12
88 31
0

1 401
1 450
1 329

0
11 10
70 15
71 58
73 48

76 01
80 25
81 01
81 38
84 03

47 81
40 81
6 71
5 82
5 14

3 96
2 68
2 45
2 41
0

(NH4) S04

(NH4) S04-HNH4) S04 2N"H4\T0
(NH4) S04 2XH4\03
(NHO S04 2NKUN03+(NH4) SO4
3NH4N03
(NHO S04 3MIAO3

NHAOa

(Fedotieff and Koltunoff, Z anorg 1914, 85
251)

(de Waal Dissert Leiden 1910)

550

NITRATE, AMMONIUM HYDROGEN

Very easily sol in liquid NH8 (Franklin,

Solubility of NH4N03 in alcohol

Am Ch J 1898, 20 826 )

t°

% NEUNOs

% Alcohol

%H20

1 pt NEUNOs dissolves in 2 29 pts
at 25° (Pohl W A B 6 599)

alcohol of 66 8%

0

54 19

0

45 81

1 pt NEUNOs dissolves in 1 1 pt

boiling alcohol

42 69

12 70

44 61

(Weuzel )

1 96

97 93

0 11

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
17 1 pts at 20 5° (de Bruyn, Z phys Ch

1 A TOO "\

30

70 10
59 83
8 06

0
10 60
85 30

29 90
29 57
6 64

10 783 )

3AO

QA ^1

0

100 g absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
14 6 g NBLiNOg at 14° and 16 3 g at 18 5°
(Schiff and Monsacchi, Z phys Ch 1896, 21

70

Ou

84 03
72 37
61 11

yu OJL
0
11 12
22 87

15 97
16 51
16 02

277)
100 pts absolute ethyl alcohol dissolve 3 8
pts at 20 5° (de Bruyn, Z phys Ch 10
783)

41 25
24 71
7 51

44 64
67 23
92 49

14 11
8 06
0

100 g absolute ethyl alcohol dissolve 4 6 g
at 14° (Schiff and Monsacchi, Z phys Ch

(de Waal Dissert Leiden, 1910 )

1896, 21 277 )

Solubility of NH4N08 in H20 is decreased
by presence of ethyl alcohol but increased by
presence of methyl alcohol NH4N08 is only
very si sol in abs ethyl alcohol and the sol-
ubility increases slowly with rise in temp , it is

Sp gr of alcoholic
at

solution of NH4NO
15°

Pts Pts
NEUNOs alcohol

Sp gr

more sol in abs methyl alcohol and the
solubility increases rapidly with rise in temp
(Fleckenstem, Phys Zeit 1905, 6 419 )

0
2
4

100
98
96

0 83904
0 84746
0 85604

6

94

0 86524

(Gerlach, Z

anal 28 521 )

Solubility in

methyl alcohol +Aq at 30°

Insol in benzonitnle (Naumann, B 1914

% by wt H2O

% by wt
alcohol

% by wt
NEUNOs

47 1370)
Insol in methvl acetate (Naumann, B

1909, 42 2

790)

29 9

0

70 1

Very si

sol in acetone (Krug and M'El

21 6
20 6

24 5
31 3

53 9

48 1

roy, J Anal Ch 6 184 )
Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899

16 5

46 0

37 5

II 1014)

11 5

59 4

29 1

0

83 3

16 7

Ammonium hydrogen

nitrate, NH4H(NO8)2

(Schrememakers, Z phys Ch 1909, 65
556)

Sol in H2O (Ditte, C R 89

576, 641 ;

Decomp by H20 (Groschuff,

B 1904,37

1487)

Solubility of NH4NO3 in ethyl alcohol +Aq
at 30° Composition of sat solution

% by wt H2O

% by wt alcohol

%bywt NH4NO3

29 9
26 9
23 2
18 3
11 6
5 8
0

0
18 6
39 3
58 5
76 5
86 2
96 4

70 1
54 5
37 5
23 2
11 9
8 0
3 6

(Schrememakers, Z phys Ch 1909 66
555)

Ammonium dihydrogen nitrate,

NH4H2(N03)s
Sol mH2O (Ditte)

Solubility in H20

Solution
temp

% by wt
NH4N08

% by wt
HN03

—8 0

—2 5

+3 0
3 5
19 5
25 0
29 5 mpt

34 2
34 8
35 4
36 0
37 4
38 1
38 8

53 9

54 8
55 8
56 8
58 9
60 0
61 2

(Groschuff, Z anorg 1904, 40 7 )

NITRATE, AMMONIUM, AMMONIA

551

Ammonium cerous nitrate,
2Ce(N08)3+12E20

Very dehquescent Very sol in E20 and
alcohol (Holzmann, J pr 84 78 )

+10H20 Hygroscopic Sol in H20
(Drossbach, B 1900, 33 3507 )

2NH4NOs, Ce(NO8)3+4H20 As above
(Mangnac, A ch (4) 30 64 )

Solubility in H20
100 g H20 dissolve at
8 75° 25° 45°

2355 2968 410 2 g anhydrous salt,

60° 65 06°

6812 817 4 g anhydrous salt

(Wolff, Z anorg 1905, 46 98 )

Ammonium cenc nitrate, 2NH4N03,

Ce(N03)4

Very sol in H20 without decomp Sol in
EN08 (Meyer, B 1900, 33 2137^

Sol in alcohol (Meyer, Z anorg 1901.
27 369)

Solubility in H20

100 g H20 dissolve at t°
25° 35 2° 45 3°

140 9 161 7 174 9 g anhydrous salt,

64 5° 85 60° 122°
201 6 226 8 735 4 g anhydrous salt
(Wolff, Z anorg 1905, 46 94 )

+1^H20 Very dehquescent (Holz-
mann, J pr 84 78 5

Ammonium cobalt nitrate

Permanent Sol in H20 (Thenard )

Ammonium copper nitrate, 2NH4NC>3,

Cu(N03)2
Very sol m H20

Ammonium didymium nitrate, 2NH4N03,

Di(N03)3+4H20
Somewhat deliquescent

Ammonium gadolinium nitrate, 2NH4NOS,

Gd(N03)3

Deliquesces in the air (Benedicks, Z
anorg 1900, 22 407 )

Ammonium gold (auric) nitrate (Ammonium
auromtrate), NH4Au(N08)4

Extremely deliquescent

H(NH4)2Au(N03)6 (Schottlander, A 217
312)

Ammonium lanthanum nitrate, 2NH4N03,

La(N03)3-HH20

Not dehquescent Sol m H20 (Mang-
nac)

Ammonium magnesium nitrate, 2NH4NOs,

Mg(N03)2

Slowly dehquescent Sol in 10 pts H20 at
12 5°, and much less hot H2O (Fourcroy )

Ammonium merctirous nitrate, 4NH4NO3,

Hg2(N08)2+5H20

Sol in H2O (Pagenstecher, Repert 14
188)

Ammonium nickel nitrate

Sol in 3 pts cold H2O (Th<§nard, Scher
J 10 428)

Ammonium praseodymium nitrate, 2NH4N08,

Pr(N08)3+4H20

Sol m H2O (von Scheele, Z anorg 1898,
18 356)

Ammonium silver nitrate, NH4NO3, AgN08
Very sol in H20 (Russell and Maskelyne,

Roy Soc Proc 26 357)
Sol in H2O without decomp (Schreine-

makers and de Baat, Chem Weekbl 1910,

7 6)
See also solubility of NH4NO8+AgN08

under NH4NO8

Ammonium thorium nitrate, (NH4)2Th(N03)6
Sol in strong HNO8 (Meyer, Z anorg

1901, 27 383 )
NH4Th(N08)5+5H2O Sol m HN08 of

sp gr 1 25 (Meyer, Z anorg 1901, 27 382 )

Ammonium uranyl nitrate, NH4N03,

U02(N03)2

Decomp by H2O Sol in cone HN08
(Meyer, B 1903, 36 4057 )

Solubility m H2O at t°

t°

In 100 pts by wt
of the solution

Solid phase

3

PH

-J2

11

0 5
13 5
24 9 a
b
35 0
59 0
80 7 a
b

29 71
32 3>
3fi 40
3f> 53
42 07
44 57
44 90
45 01

2 92
3 42
3 54
i 54
3 44
2 90
2 98
2 98

(>8 72
68 97

78 7(>
78 79

Double salt+U02(NOj)2
Double salt

Ammonium urinyl nitrate is decomp by
H2O at temp below 60° above 60° it is sol
m H20 without decomp (Rimbach, B 1904,
37 475)

Ammonium nitrate ammonia, 2NH4NOs,
3NH3

Known only as a solution of NH3 in
NH4N08-f Aq (Troost, C R 94 789 )

NH4NO3, 3NH3 As above

552

NITRATE, AMMONIUM, MERCURIC CHLORIDE

Ammonium nitrate mercuric chloride,

Solubility in 100 pts H20 at t°

Insol in H2O Ether dissolves out HgCl2

t°

Pts
Ba(N08)2

t°

Pts
Ba(NOs

(Kosmann,A ch (3)27 240)
2NH4N08, HgCl2 Sol in H2O (Hof-

0

5 0

52

17 7

mann and Marburg, A 1899, 305 199 )

1

5 1

53

18 1

2

5 3

54

18 4

3

5 5

55

18 7

Ammonium nitrate sulphate, 2(NH4)20,

4

o o

5 7

56

19 0

N20e, 2SO«, H20

5

6 0

57

19 3

Very hydroscopic and sol in H20 (Fried-

6

6 2

58

19 6

heim.Z anorg 1894, 6 297 )
BNH^Oj. (NH4)2S04 (de Waal, Dissert

7
8

6 4
6 6

59
60

20 0
20 3

1910)

9

6 8

61

20 6

3NH4NO8, (NH4)2S04 (de Waal )
See also solubility of NH4N03-f-(NH4)2S04

10
11

7 0
7 3

62
63

20 9
21 0

under NH4N08

12

7 5

64

21 6

13

7 7

65

21 0

Ammonium nitrate wetatungstate, NH4N08,

14
15

7 9

Q 1

66

22 3
22 6

2(NH4)2W4018+4F20

xo

16

O J.

8 3

68

£lft *J

22 9

Decomposes by recrystallismg out of H20

17

8 5

69

23 3

(Marignac, A ch (3) 69 61 )

18

8 8

70

23 6

19

9 0

71

23 9

90

99

79

24 3

Antimony nitrate, Sb406, N206

£i\J

21

a

9 5

• A

73

ju*x if

24 9

Decomp by cold H20 (Bucholz )

22

9 7

74

25 0

Aqueous solution sat at 10° contains 30 4%

23

9 9

75

25 4

salt (Eller )

24

10 1

76

25 7

Sol in strong, less sol in dil HN03+Aq

25

10 4

77

26 0

(Pehgot, A ch (3) 20 288 )

26

10 6

78

26 4

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37

27

10 8

79

26 7

4329)

28

11 1

80

27 0

29

11 3

81

27 4

Barium nitrate, Ba(N08)2

30
31

11 6
11 8

82
83

27 7
28 1

Sol in H2O with absorption of heat

32

12 1

84

28 4

100 pts H20 at 0° dissolve 50 parts

33

12 3

85

28 8

Ba(N08)2 (Gay-Lussac, A ch 11 313 )

34

12 6

86

29 1

100 pts H2O at 0° dissolve 52 parts

35

12 8

87

29 5

Ba(N08)2 (Mulder )

36

13 1

88

29 8

Ba(N03)2+Aq sat afc 20° contains 8 57 pts

37

13 4

89

30 2

Ba(NO8)2 to 100 pts H20, and has 1 0679 sp

38

13 7

90

30 6

gr (Karsten), sat at 20° has 1 064 sp gr ,

39

14 0

91

30 9

and contains 7 94 pts Ba(NO8)2 to 100 pts

40

14 2

92

31 3

H20 (Michel and Kiafft)

41

14 5

93

31 7

42

14 8

94

32 0

100 pts H20 dissolve pts Ba(N03)2 at t°

43
44

15 1
15 4

95
96

32 4
32 7

xo PtS ,0 PtS

45

15 6

97

33 1

1 Ba(N03) * Ba(N03)

46

15 9

98

33 5

47

16 2

99

33 8

0 5 00 52 11 17 97

48

16 5

100

34 2

14 95 8 18 73 75 25 01

49

16 8

101

34 5

17 62 8 54 86 21 29 57

50

17 1

101 9

34 8

37 87 13 67 101 65 35 18

51

17 4

49 22 17 07

fJVIulder calculated from his own arid oth

(Gay-Lussac, A ch (2) 11 313 )

experiments, Scheik Verhandel 1864 50

NITRATE, BARIUM

553

Sat Ba(N03)2+Aq contains % Ba(N03)2
att°

t°

Ba(NOs)

t°

Ba(&>3)

0 4

4 3

60 0

16 1

2 1

4 9

73 0

19 4

6 0

5 6

92 0

23 4

6 5

5 6

110 0

27 4

11 0

6 4

132 0

31 8

15 3

7 1

134 0

32 5

18 0

7 7

150 0

34 9

28 5

9 7

152 0

35 4

45 5

12 8

171 0

38 3

52 0

14 9

215 0

45 8

(Etard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 528 )

100 g HoO dissolve 8 54 g Ba(N03)2 at
17° (Gmelm-Kraut, Handbuch der anorg
Chemie )

100 g H2O dissolve 7 87 g Ba(NO8)2 at
15°, 8 32 g at 17° (Euler, Z phys Ch 1904,
49 315)

1000 g H2O dissolve 0 72 gram-equivalents
Ba(N03)2 at 215° (Euler, Z phys Ch
1904, 49 312 )

10 30 g anhydrous Ba(N08)2 are sol in
100 g H20 at 25° (Parsons and Colson, J
Am Chem Soc 1910,32 1385)

4 74 g Ba(N03)2 are contained in 100 g
Ba(N03)2 sat at 0° (Coppadoro, Gazz ch
it 1911,42,1 233)

Solubility of Ba(NO3)o in H20 =0 427 mol
1 at 30° (Masson, Chem Soc 1911, 99
1136)

Solubility of Ba(N03)2 in H 0 at 30° =
1033% (Coppadoro, Gazz ch it 1913,43
I 240)

Solubility in H20

100 g of the sat solution contain at
9 1° 21 1° 35°
625 846 1139g Ba(NO3)2
(Fmdlay, Chem Soc 1914, 105 780 )

Sp gr of Ba(N03) -f-Aq at 19 5°

Ba(N03)2

Sp gr

Ba(N03h

Sp gr

1
2
3

4
5

1 009
1 017
1 025
1 034
1 042

6
7
8
9
10

1 050
1 060
1 069

1 078
1 087

(Calculated by Gerlach, Z anal 8 286, from
Kremers, Pogg 95 110 )

Sp gr of Ba(N03)2+Aq at 18°

% Ba(N03)2

Sp gr

4 2

8 4

1 0340
1 0712

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

Sp gr of Ba(NO,)i+Aq at 175°

Ba($0s)2

Sp gr

Battfo3)2

Sp gr

1

2
3

4
5

1 0085
1 0170
1 0255
1 0340
1 0425

6
7
8
Sat sol

1 0510
1 0600
1 0690
1 0690

(Gerlach, Z anal 27 283 )
Sp gr of Ba(N03)2+ 4.q at room temp

% Ba(NOa)2

Sp gr

525

298

1 0507
1 0274

(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 264 )
Sp gr of Ba(N03)2-rAq at 25°

Concentration of
Ba(N03)2+Aq

Sp gr

V2 normal
1U "

VB "

1 0518
1 0259
1 0130

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 35 )

Ba(N03)2+Aq containing 6 08% Ba(N03)2
hassp gr 20°/20° = 1 0517

Ba(NO3)2-|-Aq containing 6 97% Ba(N03)2
hassp gr 20°/20° = 1 0597

(Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phys Ch 1896,
19 279)

Sp gr of Ba(N03)2H-Aq at 20° containing
M g mols salt per liter

M
Sp gr

001

1 002031

0025
1 005224

005

1 010591

M 0 075 0 10 0 15

Sp gr 1015671 1021143 1031770
(Jones and Pearce, Am Ch J 1907, 38 70S )

Sp gr of sat Ba(NOa)2+Aqat t'

t

g Ba(NOj)2S»I
in 100 g H O

Sp gr

0

5 2

1 043

10

7 0

1 056

20

9 2

1 073

30

11 6

1 087

40

14 2

1 104

50

17 1

1 121

60

20 3

1 137

70

23 6

1 146

(Tschernaj, J Russ Phys Chem Soc 1912,
44 1565)

Saturated BaNO3+Aq contains —
36 18 pts Ba(NO3)2 to 100 pts H2O, and
boils at 101 1° (Griffiths )

NITRATE, BARIUM

2 pts Ba(N08)2 to 100 pts H20, and
at 101 65° (Gaj-Lussac )
8 pts Ba(N08)2 to 100 pts H20, and
at 101 9° (Mulder )
8 pl£ Ba(N08)2 to 100 pts H20, and
at 102 5° (Kremers )
t Ba(NO8)2+Aq forms a crust at 101 1°,
»st temp observed was 101 5° (Gerlach,
lal 26 427)

)t of Ba(N08)2+Aq containing pts
Ba(NO3)2 to 100 pts H2O

B-pt

Pts Ba(NO8)2

100 5°
101 0
101 1

12 5
26 0
27 5

(Gerlach, Z anal 26 440 )

sol in cone HN08+Aq, and much less
in dil HNOs-f Aq or HCl+Aq than in

13 67 pts NH4Cl-fAq (1 pfc NH4C1+10
pts H20) at ord temp , and 4 67 pts at
100°

24 00 pts NH4N08-f Aq (1 pt NH4N08-f
10 pts H20) at ord temp

17 33 pts NH4C2H802+Aq (dil NH4OH
neutralised by dil HC2H802) at ord temp ,
and 4 33 pts at 100°

14 67 pts NaC2H802-f Aq (dil HC2H802
neutralised by Na2C08 and dil with 4 vols
H20) at ord temp , and 5 33 pts at 100°

17 33 pts Cu(C2H802)2+Aq (see Stolba, Z
anal 2 390) at ord temp , and 6 00 pts at
100°

18 67 pts grape sugar (1 pt grape sugar
+10 pts H20) at ord temp (Pearson, Zeit
Ch 1869 662)

Sol in sat NH4Cl+Aq without pptn at
first, but finally NH4C1 is pptd until a cer-
tain state of equilibrium is reached (Kar-
sten)

Solubility in Ba02H2, 8H20+Aq at 25°

bihty of Ba(N08)2 in HN08+Aq at 30°

Sp gr 25°/25°

G BaO as
Ba(OH)2 in
inn cr TT..O

G Ba(N08)2
m 100 g HaO

Solid phase Ba(NO3)2

J.UU g XI 2\J

1 0797

o

10 30

G mol per 1

1 1002

1 55

10 66

gr of sat

1 1210

3 22

11 04

HN08

Ba(NO3)2

*1 1448

5 02

11 48

1 0891
L 0811

[ 0663

0 0000
0 1318
0 2496
0 4995

0 4270
0 3282
0 3268
0 2410

* This solution is sat with respect to both
Ba(OH)2, 8H20 and Ba(N08)2
(Parsons J Am Chem Soc 1910, 32 1385 )

L 0619

0 7494

0 1785

See also under Ba02H2

[ 0609

1 000

0 1353

L 0633
L 0668

1 247
1 493

0 1056
0 0847

Solubility in BaCl2+Aq at t°

L 0783

1 998

0 0598

Sat solution contains

L 1050

2 993

0 0334

t°

L 1341

3 986

3QQ/1

0 0218

OAOOO

% BaCI2

% Bsi(N03)2

L 1645

yy^t
5 012

\JA£iO

0 0147

_7

21 4

4 0

1

23 0

4 0

lasson, Chem Soc 1911, 99 1136)

+ 1 5

22 6

4 4

2

5 0

ss sol in dil HC2H802+Aq than in dil

10

24 7

6 1

+Aq

21

24 5

5 6

lubihty m NH4Cl+Aq is the same as in

32

26 6

7 7

35

26 4

7 7

ss sol in NH4OH+Aq, NH4C2H802+
ar NH4NO8 + Aq than in H2O (Pearson,
Ch (2) 5 662 )

38
48
53

26 7
28 1
2S 5

7 8
8 0
9 0

i(N03)2 is sol in about

53

28 3

9 2

33 pts H2O at ord temp , and 4 67 pts

66

28 0

10 0

)0°

73

30 0

10 5

67 pts NH4OH+Aq (cone) at ord

79

30 3

11 2

3 , and 5 67 pts at 100s

90

32 1

12 5

50 pts NH4OH+Aq (1 vol cone -f 3

155

32 5

23 1

H20) at ord temp

162

33 1

23 4

00 pts HCl+Aq (1 vol cone HC1+4

Hr\\ —J. -v»,J 4-nTVfn

210

32 5

31 9

2\J) Bit ord temp
>00 pts HC2H8O2+Aq (1 vol commer-

(fitaid, A ch 1894, (7) 3 287 )

HC2H8O2+lvol H20)atord temp

See also under BaCl2

NITRATE, BARIUM

555

Very si sol in sat Pb(N03)2+Aq (Kar-

100 pts sat Ba(N03)2+Pb(N03)2+Aq
contain 33 95 pts of the two salts at 19-20°
(v. Hauer, J pr g8 137 )

Solubility of Ba(NO3)2+Pb(N03)2 at 25°

1 1 of the solution contains 59 1 g Ba(N03)2
+1242 g JKN03 = 18335 g mixed salts at
17° Sp gr Ba(NO3)2+KN03+Aq==1120

11 of the solution contains 88 7 g Ba(NOs)2
+2136 g KN03=3023 g mixed salts at
30° Sp gr Ba(N03)2+KN03+^q==1191
(Euler, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 313 )

G perl

Sp gr

:Ba(N08)2

Pb(N03)2

102 2

0

1 079

54 9

17 63

1 088

86 5

49 80

1 108

79 7

68 10

1 119

77 0

97 20

1 140

69 8

130 7

1 163

66 0

177 3

1 198

57 5

247 7

1 252

25 9

334 3

1 294

28 8

429 7

1 376

0

553 8

1 459

ooiuDiiity in j&JNU3-i-jfiq at zo

100 pts of solu
tion contain

Solid phase

pts
KN03

Ba$?0a)2

15 24
14 69
14 79
16 30
21 99
27 66
27 81
27 94
27 64

6 64
6 60
6 62
5 49
3 04
2 01
2 09
1 92
2 05

Ba(N08)2+2KN03, Ba(N03)2
KNO.+2KNO., Ba(NO,)a

(Fock, Z Kryst Mm 1897, 28 365, 397 ) These results show that a double salt of

100 ccm Ba(N03)2+Pb(N03)2+Aq sat
at 17° contain 3 22 g Ba(N08)2 and 38 59 g
Pb>C^NOs)2 and solution has sp gr=1350
(Etiler, Z phys Ch 1904, 46 313 )
1OO pts sat Ba(lSr03)2+PbrN03)2+
Sr (NO3)2 H-Aq contain 45 90 pts of the three
salts at 19-20° (v Hauer, 1 c )
Ba(NO3)2+Sr(N03)2
lOOpts sat Ba(N03)2+Sr(N03)2+Aq con-
tain 45 96 pts of the two salts at 19-20°
(v Hauer, I c )

Ba(N03)2+KN03
100 pts H20 dissolve

potassium and barium nitrates is formed at
(Foote, Am Ch J 1904, 32 252 )
Solubility of Ba(NO3)2+KN08 at t°

t°

Ba(NOi)2

KNOa

Solid phase

9 1

6 25
4 20

1 98
0 98

0

0

8 15

12 02
16 80

16 76

Ba(N03)2
Ba(N03)2+2KN03,
Ba(N03)2
2KNO,,BarNO,),
2KN03, Ba(N03)2+
KN03
KN03

(Mulder)

21 1

8 46
7 47
6 35
6 06
5 98

3 35
2 30

1 76

0

0

2 12
5 98
8 47
13 24

18 24
21 47
24 86

24 77

Ba(N03)2

u
tl

((

Ba(N03)2+2KNO3,
Ba(NO3)2

2KN03, Ba(NO3)2

a

2KN03, Ba(N03)2+
KN03
KNO3

(1)

KTsTO,
Ba,(NO3)2

29 7

28 8
5 4

8 9

34 2

—

(Karstc n)

(Kopp)

(2) (3)

(4)

(5)

KIsTOa 13 31 29
Ba,(NO3)2 6 91 1

03
00

5 7
33 1

3 5
36 3

35

11 39
8 18
8 08
8 42

5 85
5 02
3 02

1 77
0

0
12 99
17 48
19 75

24
26 05

34 87

34 98
35 01

Ba(N03)2
it

a

Ba(N03)2+2KNO3,

Ba(NO3)2

2KN03, Ba(N03)2

K

2KN03, Ba(NO3)2+
KN03

KN03

u

20 22 30

03

38 8

39 8

3 Sat Ba(NO3)2+Aq sat with KN03 at
IS 5°
2 To sat KN03+Aq, Ba(N03)2+Aq was
adcied
3 To sat Ba(N03)2+Aq, KNO3 was
adcied
•4 Both salts in excess +Aq at 21 5°
-5 Both salts in excess +Aq at 23°

(Fmdlay, Chem Soc 1914, 105 779 )

556

NITRATE, BARIUM

Ba(N03)2+NaN03

Ba(N03)2 is sol in sat NaN08+Aq with-
out separation

100 pts H2O dissolve

100 pts anhydrous hydroxylamme dissolv
114 pts Ba(N08)2 (de Bruyn, R t c
1892,11 18)

Insol in absolute alcohol

Solubility in dilute alcohol increases wit

NaN03
Ba(N03)o

(Karsten)
At 18 75°

wie T/einp v^c*«*iium; •**• u" v.^v v ^^^ j
Solubility in ethyl alcohol +Aq at 25°

86 6 88 14
3 77 89

% CaHsOH in
the solvent

% CuHeOH m
the solution

% Ba(NOg)2in
the solution

TaN03

a(N03)2

(Kopp)
At 20 2°

0
10 25
18 60
25 05
40 20
58 00
78 70
90 10
99 40

0
9 5
17 5
23 7
38 8
57 0
78 2
89 9
99 39

9 55
7 63
6 02
5 25
3 53
1 85
0 62
0 18
0 005

87 7 88 6
36 92

)lubihty of Ba(N03)2-f NaN03 in H20 at 0°

70 NaNOs

% Ba(NOs)2

Solid phase

0
0 41
0 61
1 68
3 54
8 05
12 71
20 24
20 92
27 74
30 81
33 79
35 83
41 30
41 68
42 47

4 74
4 33
4 03
3 34
2 50
1 60
1 56
1 53
1 43
1 56
1 55
1 53
1 49
1 55
0 51
0

Ba(N03)2

e
c

(C

ec

Ba(N03)2-fNaN03
NaN03

(D'AnsandSiegler,Z phys Ch 1913,82 37

Completely msol in boiling amyl alcoho
(Browning, Sill Am J 143 314 )

Solubility in organic solvents

Solvent

% Ba(NO3)2inthe
solution at 25°

Methyl alcohol
Ethyl alcohol
Acetone
Ether
Paracetaldehyde

050
0005
000)
very small

11 U

(D'Ans and Siegler, Z phys Ch 1913,82 44
Solubility m phenol +Aq at 25°

(Coppadoro, Gazz ch it, 1912, 42 (1) 233 )

Solubility of Ba(N03)2+NaN03 m H20
at 30°

Concentration of the phenol
Mol /Liter

SolubilU\ of Hi(N()3)
Mol /I Her

NaNOa

%

Ba(N03)2 Sollfl phase

0 000
0 045
0 082
0 146
0 310
0 401
0 501
0 72S (sat )

0 IS-T)
0 i7Sr)
0 474()
0 *(>(>*
0 U<)2
0 UOO
0 $2()()
0 W()H

0
2 33

7 09
12 07
14 41
17 87
19 06
23 55
41 22
48 22
48 50
49 16

10 33 Ba(N03)2
8 58
5 28
3 89
3 54
3 20
3 07
2 81
2 27
2 11 Ba(N03)2+NaN03
1 00 NaN03
0

(Rothmund and Wilsmore. Z phys Ch 190
40 620)

Insol m benzomtnle (Naunuum, H 191^
47 1370)
Insol m methyl acetate (Nauminn, I
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naum<inr
B 1904, 37 3602 )
Insol m acetone (Krug and M'Elroy,
Anal Ch 6 184)
Difficultly sol in acetone (Naumann, I
1904, 37 4328 )
Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899, 1

(Coppadoro, Gazz ch it 1913, 43, I 240 )

Moderately sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin,
Am Ch J 1898, 20 827 )
100 pts hydrazme thssolves 81 1 pts

NITRATE, BISMUTH MANGAXOUb

557

Banum mercurous nitrate, 2BaO, 2Hg20,

3N2O5

Decomp by H20 Sol in hot dil HN03+
Aq and hot Hg2(N03)2+Aq, from which it
crystallises on coohng (Stadeler, A 87 129 )

Bantim potassium nitrate, Ba(N03)2, 2KN03

Ppfc (Wallbndge, Am Ch J 1903, 30
154)

Solubility determinations show that the
only double salt formed by barium and
potassium nitrates at 25° is Ba(N03)2, 2KN03

See Ba(NO3)2+KNO3 under Ba(N03)2
(Foote, Am Ch J 1904, 32 252 )

Banum nitrate metatungstate, 2Ba(N03)o,

BaW4013+6H20

Efflorescent Sol m warm H20 (Pe*ch-
ard, A ch (6) 22 198 )

Bismuth nitrate, basic, Bi203, 3N206+2H20

Sol in a large amount of H20 Sol in
HNOs+Aq (Heintz )

Sol m 135 pts H20 at 90-93° (Huge, J B
1862 163)

+ J^H2O Sol in much H20 (Yvon,
OR 84 1161)

H-H20 (Ruge )

2Bi2O3, N2O5 Not acted upon by H20
(Ditte, C R 84 1317 )

H-HiO (Yvon )

Bi203, 2N206+H20 (Ruge)

HBi2O3, 5N2O5+16H20 Not decomp by
H2O (Yvon )

5Bi2O3, 4N2OB+8H2O Ppt
by H O (Schulten, Bull Soi
722)

5Bi2O3, 5N2O5+9H2O Sol in H2O with
decomp (Schulten )

6Bi203, 5N205+8H20, and +9H20
ten, Z anorg 1902, 30 368 )

At 25° the salt Bi12Oi3(N03)io, 9H 0 is in
equilibiium with HN03-fAq from 003-
032-N, the salt BiO(NO,), H20 is in equi-
librium with HN03+Aq from 0425-0 72-N

At 50° the salt Bi406(N03)2, H20 is m
equilibrium with HNO3+Aq from 0057-
0 285-N, the silt BiiaOi8(NO.)io, 9H20 is in
equilibrium with HN03+Aq from 0285-
0446-N

At 75° the salt Bi405(N03)2, H20 is in
equilibrium with HNO3+Aq from 0109-
0 314-N (Allan, Am Ch J 1901, 25 314 )

Bismuth nitrate, Bi(NO3)3

Permanent Decomp by little H^O with
separation of a basic salt This decomposition
is prevented by slight excess of HN03, and
then the salt is completely sol in a large
amount of H2O (Rose )

Sol in dil HNOs+Aq Not decomp by
H2O m presence of HC2H302 or -fo pt
NH4NO3 (Lowe, J pr 74 341 )

Completely sol in HN03+Aq containing
83 g HNO3 per liter (Ditte)

Not attacked
c 1903, (3) 29

(Rut-

Solubility of Bi(NO,)« m 2 3N-HN03+Aq
2 04 g at Bi per 1 , in 0 922N-HNOs+Aq
2 23 g at Bi per 1 (Dubrisay, C R 1911,
153 1077)

Insol m ethjl acetate (Xaumann, B
1910,43 314)

Insol in acetone (Krug and M'Elroy )
Solubihty of Bi(NOs)3 m 6 67% acetone-f-
23N-HN03-j-Aq = 189 g at Bi per 1 , in
6 67% acetone4-0 922N-HlSTO3-f- 4.q =2 17 g
at Bi per 1, m 1333% acetone +0 922N-
HN03+Aq =2 08 g at Bi per 1 (Dubrisay,
C R 1911, 153 1077 )

When Bi(NO3)3 is mixed with mannite
(dulcite, sorbite) in proportion to the mol
wts and H2O is added, a clear solution is ob-
tained which is not pptd b} addition of
much H20 These solutions are more stable
the greater the proportion of manmtol
(Vamno and Hunser, Z anorg 1901, 28 211 )
+1J^H20 (Ditte)

+5H20 If treated with increasing amts
of H20, the amt of Bi which dissolves de-
creases, and when 1 pt is treated with
50,000 pte H O, no Bi goes into solution
(Antony and Gigh, Gazz ch it 1898, 28
245)

48 66 pts are sol m 100 pts acetone at 0°
41 70 " " " " 100 " " " 19°
(Laszczynski, B 1894, 27 22S7 )

2 (\von, C R 84 1161 )
+10H20 Melts m crystal H O with de-
comp at 74° (Ordtt ay )

Bismuth caesium nitrate, Bi(NO3)3, 2CsNO3
Ppt (Wells, \m Ch J 1901, 26 277 )

Bismuth cobalt nitrate, 2Bi(N03)8, 3Co(N03)

+24HO

100 cc sat solution m HNOsH-^q (sp gr
1 325) contain 54 67 g hydrated salt ( Jantsch
Z anorg 1912, 76 321 )

Bismuth magnesium nitrate, 2Bi(\O3)3,
3Mg(NO,) +24H O

Deliquescent Effloresces in diy an
Decomp by H 0 ( Urbam and Lacombe,
C R 1903, 137 569 )

100 cc sat solution m HN03-f-^q (sp gr
1 325) contain 41 69 g hydrated salt (Jantsch
Z anorg 1912, 76 321 )

Bismuth manganous nitrate, 2Bi(NO3)3,
3Mn(NO«)»+24H O

Deliquescent Effloresces m diy air
Decomp by H 0 (Uibam and Lacombe,
C R 1903, 137 569 )

100 cc sat solution in HN03+Aq (sp gr
1 325) contain 65 77 g hydrated salt (Jantsch
Z anorg 1912, 76 321 )

558

NITRATE, BISMUTH NICKEL

Bismuth nickel nitrate, 2Bi(NO3)8, 3Ni(NO3)2
+24H20

Deliquescent Effloresces in dry air
Decomp by H20 (Urbam and Lacombe,
C R 1903, 37 569 )

100 cc sat solution in HNO3+Aq (sp gr
1 325) contain 46 20 g hydrated salt at 16°
( Jantsch )

Bismuth zinc nitrate, 2Bi(N03)8, 3Zn(NO3)2+
24H20

Dehquescent Decomp by H20 (Ur-
bain and Lacombe, C R 1903, 137 569 )

100 cc sat solution in HNO8+Aq (sp gr
1 325) contain 57 51 g hydrated salt at lb°
(Jantsch )

Cadmium nitrate, basic, Cd(OH)N08-f H20
Decomp by H20, or ordinary alcohol

(Klinger. B 16 997 )

12CdO, N206+11H20 SI sol in H20,

more sol in H20 than basic sulphate (Haber-

mann, 5 432 )

5 CdO, 2N206+8H20 Decomp by cold

H20 (Rousseau and Tite, C R 114 1184)

Cadmium nitrate, Cd(N03)2
Deliquescent, and very sol in H20
See 4-4, and 9H20

Sp gr of aqueous solution containing
5 10 15 20 25%Cd(N03)2,
1 0528 1 0978 1 1516 1 2134 1 2842

30 35 40 45 50%Cd(N03)2
1 3566 1 4372 1 5372 1 6474 1 7608
(Franz, J pr (2) 5 274 )

Sp gr of Cd(N03)2+Aq at 18°
%Cd(N08)2 1 5 10

Sp gr 1 0069 1 0415 1 0869

%Cd(N03)2 20 25 30
Jp gr 1 1903 1 25 1 3125

%Cd(N08)2 40 45 48

Sp gr 1 459 1 543 1 5978

(Grotnan, W Ann 1883, 18 193

Sp gr of Cd(N03)2+Aq at room temp
containing

781 1571 2236%Cd(N03)s
1 0744 1 1593 1 2411
(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 265 )

Sp gr of Cd(N03)2+Aq

Cd($b3)2

t

Sp gr at t°

Sp gr at 18

0 0492

0 100
0 249

0 464
0 952

17 57
21 14
18 00
17 34
2022
18 00
18 00

0 99912
0 99839

1 0008
1 0002

0 99904

0 99945
1 0007

1 0025
1 0065

(Wershofen, Z phys Ch 1890, 6 493 )

gr of Cd(N08)2-|-Aq at 25°

Concentration of
CdCNOsh+Aq

Sp gr

1-normal

Vr- "

3/4~ "

Vie- "

1 0954
1 0479
1 0249
1 0119

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 36 )

Sp gr of Cd(N08)2+Aq at 18°/4°
%Cd(N08)2 54027 43716 308,
Sp gr 1 711 1 515 1 &

%Cd(N03)2 21353 14899 868

Sp gr 1 204 1 134 1 0<

(de Muynck, W Ann 1894, 63 561 )

Cd(N08)2+Aq containing 7 89% Cd(N08
hassp gr 20°/20° - 1 0673

Cd(N08)2 + Aq containing 12 14'
CdrN03)2 has sp gr 20°/20° = 1 1070

(Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phys Ch 189
19 282)

Sat Cd(N03)2+Aq boils at 132°

Almost entirely insol m cone HN08+A
fWurtz)

Moderately sol in liquid NH3 (Frankk
Am Ch J 1898, 20 827 )

Sol in alcohol

Sol in ethyl acetate (Naumann. B 190
37 3601 )

Sol in acetone and m methylal (Ei
mann. C C 1899, II 1014 )

+4k20 M-pt of Cd(N03)2+4H20
59 5° (Ordway, 1 ilden, Chom Soc 46 40S

15

1136

35
13802

')

temp

V \

Solubility in H2O
Solubility m H2O at t°

t

% Cd(NOi) m
the solution

Moh 11 O to
1 mol ( <1(N03)

0

18
30
40
59 5 mpt

52 U
55 90

5S 40
61 42
76 54

11 0(>
10 H
0 U
S 24
4 00

ft unk, B 1SOO, 32 105)

Sat solution of C<1(N()0 -f4II2O in H
at 0° contains 52 i% OKNO,) it tf
559%Cd(NO,)2 (Mvhus, / inoij, 191
74 411 )

Sol in liquid NHj (Johnson ind Wil
more, Elektroch Z 190S, 14 227 )

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 3
4328)

Sol in ethyl acetate (Naumann. B 191
43 314)

+9H20 Solubility in H2O

Sat solution contains at
—13° —1° +1°
37 37 47 33 52 73% Cd(N03)2

NITRATE, CALCIUM

559

Cryohydrate is formed at — 16° (Funk,
Z anorg 1899, 20 416 )

The composition of the hydrates formed by
Cd(NOs)2 at different dilutions is calculated
from determinations of the lowering of the
fr -pt produced by Cd(NO3)2 and of the con-
ductivity and sp gr of Cd(N03)2+Aq
(Jones, Am Ch J 1905, 34 308 )

Cadmium uranyl nitrate, Cd(N08)2,

Sol in H2O and acids Insol in alcohol
and alkakes+Aq (Lancien, C C 1912, I
208)

Cadmium nitrate ammonia, Cd(N08)<>, 6NE8

+H20
(Andr£, C R, 104 987 )

Cadmium nitrate cupnc oxide, Cd(N03)2,

CuO+5H20
Ppt (Mailhe, C R 1902, 134 235 )

Caditim nitrate cupnc oxide, Cd(N08)2,
3CuO+5H20

(Mailhe, A ch 1902, (7) 27 383 )

Cadmium nitrate hydrazine, Cd(N03)2,
3N2H4

Decomp by hot H2O Sol in warm
NH4OH (Franzen, Z anorg 1908, 60 282 )

Caesium nitrate, CsNO3

100 pts H2O dissolve 10 58 pts CsN03 at
3 2° SI sol in absolute alcohol (Bunsen )

Solubility of CsN03 in H20 at t°

Caesium hydrogen nitrate

CsN03, HNO8 Sol in H*0 (Wells, Am
Ch J 1901, 26 273 )

CsNOs, 2HN08 (W)

Caesium cenum nitrate, Cs2Ce(N03)6
Sol in H20, very si sol in HNOS (Meyer,

Z anorg 1901, 27 371 )
Sol in HN03 (Meyer, B 1900, 33 2137 )

Caesium feme nitrate, CsN03, Fe(NOa)3+

7H20

Deliquescent (Wells, Am Ch J 1901,
26 276)

Caesium silver nitrate, CsN03, AgN03

Sol in E20 (Russell and Maskelyne, Roy
Soc Proc 26 357)

Caesium thorium nitrate, Cs2Th(N03)6

Decomp byH20,sl sol mHNOs (Meyer,
Z anorg 1901, 27 384 )

Caesium uranyl nitrate, Cs(UO )(NO3)3

Decomp by H20 Sol in cone HNO»
(Meyer, B 1903, 36 4057 )

Decomp by H20 at low temp , so that the
solid phase in contact with the solution con-
sists of the double salt and CsNOs At 16 1
100 pts by wt of the solution in H20 con-
tain 31 39 pts U02 and 6 59 pts Cs (Rim-
bach, B 1904, 37 477 )

Calcium nitrate, basic, Ca(N03)2, Ca02H2+

G CsNOs

G CsNOs

1.0

per 100 g

t°

per 100 g

Solu

Solu

Water

tion

Water

tion

o

8 54

9 33

60

45 6

83 8

10
20
30
40
50

12 97
18 7
25 3
32 1
39 2

14 9
23 0
33 9
47 2
64 4

70
80
90
100
106 2

51 7
57 3
62 0
66 3

68 8

107 0
134 0
163 0
197 0
220 3

(Berkeley, Trans Roy Soc 1904, 203
A, 213)

100 g H2O dissolve 26945 g CsN03 at
25° (Haigh, J Am Chem Soc 1912, 34

Sp gr 20°/4° of a normal solution of CsNOs
= 1140905, of a 05 normal solution =
1 07001 (Haigh )

Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899, 11
1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4328 )

Soiubihty in ^ol^% ^ord temp
(de Conmck, Belg Acad Bull 1905, 359 )

Decomp by H20 (Werner, A ch (6) 27

+H20 As above (Rousseau and Tite,
C R 114 1184)

Calcium nitrate, Ca(N03)*

Deliquescent Very sol in H20 with evolu-
tion of much heat

100 pts H20 at 0° dissolve S4 2 pts
Ca(N03)2 (Poggiale)

100 pts H->C) at 0° dissolve 931 pts
Ca(N03)2 (Mulder )

Sol in 02o pt cold HO with reduction of temp
Sol m all proportions in boiling H O (Berzelms )
Sol in 2 pts cold and 0 6667 pt boiling H O

(FSa\rCCa(N03) 2 + Aq at 12 5° contains 33 8% (Has
senfratz A ch 28 29)

Solubility in H20
100 2 of the solution contain at
55° 80° 90° 100°
78 16 78 20 78 37 78 43 g Caf N03)o,

125° 147 5° 151° (bpt of sat solution at

760 mm )
7857 7880 79 00 g Ca(N03)2

The anhydrous salt is the stable solid phase
above 51 3° (Bassett and Taylor, Chem
Soc 1912, 101 580 )

560

NITRATE, CALCIUM

100 g sat Ca(N03)2+Aq contain 773 g
Ca(N08)2 at 25° (Taylor and Henderson,
J Am Chem Soc 1915, 37 1692 )
See also +2, 3, and 4H20
Sp gr of Ca(N03)2-hAq at room temp
containing

1755 3010 4013%Ca(N03)2
1 1714 1 2739 1 3857
(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 270 )

Ca(N03)2-j-Aq containing 7 15% Ca(N08)2

Eissp gr 20°/20° = 10554

Ca(NOs)2+Aq containing 7 91% Ca(N08)2
hassp gr 20°/20°-1 0613

(Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phys Ch 1896,
19 284)

Sp gr of Ca(NO3)2+Aq at 20° containing
M g mols of salt per liter
M 00125 0025 005 0125

Sp gr 1 001846 1 003166 1 00604 1 01523

Cadk),

Sp gr

Ca(&>3)2

Sp gr

M U25 05 075
Sp gr 1 03074 1 06011 1 08874

M 1 00 1 50
Sp gr 1 11751 1 17375
(Jones and Pearce, Am Ch J 1907, 38 704 )

Saturated Ca(NO8)2+Aq containing 351 2
pts Ca(N03)2 to 100 pts H2O boils at 151°
(Legrand), 152° (Kremers)
Forms a crust at 141°, and contains 333 5
pts Ca(N03)2 to 100 pts H2O, highest temp
observed, 151° (Gerlach, Z anal 26 427 )

B-pt of Ca(NO3)2+Aq containing pts
Ca(N03)2 to 100 pts H2O G = accoid-
mg to Gerlach (Z anal 26 447), L =
according to Legrand (A ch (2) 59 436)

1

5
10
15
20
25
30

1 009
1 045
1 086
1 129
1 174
1 222
1 272

35
40
45
50
55
60

1 328
1 385

1 447
1 515
1 588
1 666

(Franz, J pr (2) 5 274 )
Sp gr of Ca(N03)2-f-Aq at 17 5°

Ca(N03)2

Sp gr

Ca$0

Sp gr

10
20
30

1 076
1 163
1 261

40
50
60

1 368
1 483
1 605

B-pt

G

L

B-pt

G

L

(Gerlach, Z anal 27 283 )
Sp gr of Ca(N03)2+Aq at 18°

101°
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126

10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
89
98
106 5
114 5
122 5
130
137 5
144
150 5
157
163 5
170
176
182 5
189
195 5
202
208 5

15
25 3
34 4
42 6
50 4
57 8
64 9
71 8
78 6
85 3
91 9
98 4
104 8
111 2
117 5
123 8
130
136 1
142 1
148 1

160 1
172 2
184 5

127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
151 97

215 5
222 5
230
237 5
245
253
261 5
270
27S 5
2S7
296
$05
$14 5
$24
$$$5
$4$ 5
$51
$(>t 5
-J75
$S()
-J97 5
409
420 5
4 $2 5
444 5
455 OS

197 0
209 5
222 2
2 $5 1
24S 1
261 3
21 \ 7
JSS 4
i()2 6
517 4
$$* 2

$51 2
$6J 2

Ca(rfOs)2

Sp gr

Ca(NO4) 2

Sp gr

6
12
25

25
5
0

1 0487
1 1016
1 2198

37
50

5
0

1 3546
1 5102

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1

Sp gr of Ca(N03)2+Aq at 24 65°
of g X% niol wt dissolved in
H20, b=sp gr if a is Ca(NO3)
% mol wt =118, c = sp gr
Ca(N03)2, J^mol wt =82

)

a=no
1000 g
2, 4H20,
if a is

a

b

c

a

b

c

1

2
3
4
5

1 056
1 104
1 145
1 181
1 213

1 059
1 112
1 160
1 205
1 246

6

7
8
9
10

1 243
1 270
1 294
1 316
1 336

1 286
1 323

(Favre and Valson, C R 79 968 )
Sp gr of Ca(N03)2-|-Aq at 25°

Concentration of
Ca(N03) +Aq

Sp kr

Sat Ca(NOj);4-Aq boils at 132° (Orel-
way, Sill Am J (2) 27 14 )

Cone HN03 precipitates Ca(NO3)2 fiom
its aqueous solution (Mitscheilich, POKE
18 159)
Very sol in cone HN03 (Rawson, J
Soc Chem Ind 1897, 16 113 )

1-normal

;A ;;

1 0596
1 0300
1 0151
1 0076

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 36 )

NITRATE, CALCIUM

561

Solubility in HN03+Aq at 25°

Solubility of Ca(N03)2+CaS2O8 at t°

100 g of the solution contain

Solid phase

t°

<«%*

Calfos ,

Solid phase

G Ca(NOa)2

G HN03

57 98

0 00

9

46 02

5 46

Ca(N08)2, 4H20

54 82
52 96

3 33

5 87

45 68
27 92

6 81
10 46

" CaS2O3, 6H2O
CaS208, 6H20

51 58

7 21

10 49

2281

"

47 82

A K K.f\

11 27

29 33

"

45 59
40 70

13 71
19 65

• Ca(N08)2+4H20

25

54 03

4 27

Ca(N08)2, 4H20

38 17

22 80

50 25

9 10

it

34 46

28 81

45 92

13

"+CaS2Os. 6H2O

32 84

32 63

42 93

13 83

CaS208, 6H2O

32 50

33 52

32 01

17 09

it

33 44

35 63

<

19 51

23 78

"

29 05

41 66

Ca(N08)2+3H20

8 15

29 85

"

27 79

45 70

31 09

40 56

(Kremann and Rothmund, Z anorg 1914,

26 07

45 70

86 373)

17 41
12 25

55 48
62 05

Ca(N03)2+2H20

9 34

65 69

8 52
5 06

67 20
71 12

Very easily sol in liquid NH8 (Franklin,
Am Ch J 1898, 20 827 )

2 53
1 05
0 54

74 77
78 56
80 83

•Ca(N03)2

Sol in 08 pt alcohol (Macquer), 1 pt
boiling alcohol (Bergmann )
Dry Ca(N08)2 is sol in 7 pts alcohol at

0 36

0 01 (about)

85 83
90 90

15° and 1 pt boiling alcohol (Bergmann )

0 00

96 86

These results show that the hydrates of
Ca(NO3)2 which are stable at 25° in contact

Sp gr of Ca(NO8)2-f-alcohol

with HNO3-|-Aq are Ca(N03)2+4H20,
+3H20 and +2H20

% CaCNCMa Sp gr 20°/20°

(Bassett and Taylor, Chem Soc 1912, 101

0 0 7949

582)

4 96 0 8278

6 47 0 8383

Sol m glacial HC2H302 (Persoz )
Sol in sat KNOs-f Aq with elevation of
temp and pptn of a portion of KN03
(Fourcroy and Vauquehn, A ch 11 135 )

Solubility of Ca(N08)2-f-NaN08 at t°

t°

Ca(NOj)2

NaNO3

Solid phase

9

47 51
46 08
26 67
11 76

9 51
12 56
23 32
34 26

Ca(N08)2, 4H20
« -fNaN08

NaN03
u

25

54 58
53 22
52 73
52 40
37 31
26 91
14 61

7 25
10 70
12 08
11 58
19 48
24 98
36 12

Ca(NOs)i, 4H20

+NaNOs
NaN08

(Kremann and Rothmund, Z anorg 1914,
86 373)

(Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phys Ch 1896,
19 284)

Solubility in ethyl alcohol 4- Aq at 25°

% C HsOH in
the sohent

% CaH OH in
the solution

% Ca(N03)2in
the solution

*0

0

82 5

*25 1

5 8

77 0

*50 1

15 2

69 52

*60 1

20 4

66 08

*63 9

22 4

64 94

70 4

26 5

62 3

72 0

27 39

61 96

73 4

28 5

61 15

75 3

29 9

60 3

*84 9

35 9

57 7

*99 1

48 1

51 4

* Metastable solutions
(D'AnsandSiegler,Z phys Ch 1913,82 43)

562

NITRATE, CALCIUM

Solubility of Ca(NO3)2, 2C2H6OH in CJH5OH

+Aq at 25°

Solubility in

100 g of the solution
att°

H2O at t°
contain g Ca(NO ,

% CijHsOH in % C2H6OH m % Ca(NOs)2 in
the solvent the solution the solution

t°

G Ca(NO8)2

98 1 60 2 38 6
94 1 54 6 41 9
85 8 42 5 50 97
80 5 35 8 55 3
75 3 29 9 60 28

—26 7
—10 0
0 0
+5 0
10 0
15 0
20 0
25 0
30 0
35 0
40 0
42 4
42 5
42 7
42 45

mpt

43 37
47 31
50 50
51 97
53 55
54 94
56 39
57 98
60 41
62 88
66 21
68 68
68 74
of Ca(N03)2+4B )
71 70

(D'Ans and Siegler, I c )
See also under +4H20

Solubility in organic solvents

q/.i™r>* % Ca(NO3)2 in the
Solvent solution at 25°

Methyl alcohol 65 5
Ethyl alcohol 52 0
Propyl alcohol 36 5
Isobutyl alcohol 25 0
Amyl alcohol 13 3
Acetone 58 5

(Bassett and Taylor, I c )

Solubility of a and ft modifications m B )
att°

a modification is the stable form

(D'Ans and Siegler, I c )

Sol in 187 pts ether-alcohol (1 1)
(Fresemus, 2 anal 32 191 )
Ether ppts Ca(N08)2 from its alcoholic
solution Easily sol in boiling amyl alcohol
(Browning, Sill Am J 143 53 )
Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904. 37
4328)
Insol in benzomtrile (Naumann. B 1914.
47 1370)
Insol in methylal (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014)
1 g Ca(N08)2 is sol in 1 44 g methyl
acetate at 18° Sp gr !S°/4° of sat solution
= 1 313 (Naumann, B 1909, 42 3795 )
Sol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B 1910,
43 314)
+2H20 Solubility m H2O
100 g of the solution contain at
49° 51°
7749 7805g Ca(N08)2
Solutions m stable equilibrium with the
dihydrate can only exist between the limits
of temp 48 4° and 51 3° (Bassett and Tay-
lor, Chem Soc 1912, 101 580 )
+3H20 Solubility in H20
100 g of the solution contain at
40° 45° 50° 51°
70 37 71 45 73 79 74 73 g Ca(NO3)2
Mpt ofCa(N05)2+3H20=511°
(Bassett and Taylor, I c )

t°

G Ca(NOs)
m 100 g of
solution

Solid ph is(

0
22 2
25 0
30 0
30 0
34 0
35 0
38 0
38 0
39 0
J39 6
2 39 0
40 0
142 7
242 4

50 17
56 88
57 90
60 16
61 57
63 6(>
62 88
64 34
66 65
67 93
69 50
75 14
Ob 21
69 50
71 70

aCa(NO.) +4H )
a "
a
a "
ft
ft
a
a "
ft
ft
ft
ft
a <
a <
a '

1 mpt of hydrate
2 reflex pt

(Taylor and Ilcndeison,
1915, 37

Sp gr of solution sat
taming 548% Ca(NO3)
30 1718)

T Am ( h< m £ c
1692

at 1S°=1 548, c i-
(Myhus, B U 7,

+4H20 Ca(N03)2+4H20 melts in its
crystal H20 at 44° (Tilden, Chem Soc 45
409 )

NITRATE, CERIC ZINC

563

Solubility in ethyl alcohol +Aq at 25°

Cenc magnesium nitrate, CeMg(N03)«

IQTT f\

% CJHsOH in
the solvent

% CaHsOH in
the solution

% Ca(NOs) 2 in
the solution

-t-O£l2^

Decomp by H20, sol in HNO3-h A.q with-

out decomp (Meyer. Z anorg 1901, 27

0

0

57 5

373)

18 3

3 5

56 1

39 2

8 1

55 2

Cerous manganotis nitrate, 2Ce(N03)s,

59 2

14 1

52 9

3Mn(N03)2-f 24H 0

80 4

22 3

50 2

Sol in H20 (Lange, Jpr 82 129 )

90 4

29 4

49 0

1 1 sat solution in HNOa+Aq (sp gr

99 4

31 1

49 7

1 325) contains 193 1 g hydrous salt at 16°

99 4

31 2

52 0

Jantsch )

99 4

29 5

56 2

60 1

28 3

58 9

Cenc manganous nitrate, CeMn(N03)6-r*

60 1

27 8

60 0

8H20

60 1
60 1

27 3
26 5

60 7
62 3

Decomp by H20 and dil HN08, sol in
cone HN08 without decomp (Meyer, Z

(D'Ans and Siegler, Z phys Ch 1913, 82 42 )

anorg 1901, 27 377 )

Calcium nitrate hydrazine, Ca(N03)2,

+H2O
Ppt (Franzen, Z anorg 1908, 60 288 )

Calcium nitrate tungstosilicate, Ca2Wi2Si04o,

Ca(N08)2

+13H2O and +15H20 Decomp by H20
(Wyrouboff, Chem Soc 1897, 72 (2) 176 )

Cerous nitrate, Ce(N03)3H-6H20
Not very deliquescent (John )
Very sol in H2O, sol in 2 pts alcohol

(Vauquehn )

Sol m acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899 II

1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4328 )

Cenc nitrate, Ce(N03)4

Deliquescent Decomp by hot H20
(Berzelms )

Sol m alcohol (Dumas )

Basic compounds containing 12 mols or
less CeO2 to 1 mol N 06 may be obtained
which are sol in H20 (Ordway )

Cerous cobaltous nitrate, 2Ce(N03)3
3Co(N03)2+24H20

Deliquesce nt Easily forms supersatui ated
solutions (Lange, J pr 82 129 )

1 1 sat solution in HNOj+Aq (sp gr
1 325) contains 103 3 g hydrous salt ai
16° (Jantsch, Z anorg 1912, 76 321 )

Cenc cobaltous nitrate, CeCo(N03)6-f-8Il20

Decomp by H2O when heated, sol m cold
H2O, si sol in HN03 (Meyer, Z anorg
1901, 27 376 )

Cerous magnesium nitrate, 2Ce(N03)3,
3Mg(N03)2+24H20

Slightly deliquescent Easily sol in I
or alcohol, and easily forms supersaturated
solutions (Holzmann, J pr 75 330 )

1 1 sat solution in HN03+Aq (sp j
1 325) contains 63 8 g hydrous salt at I1
(Jantsch, Z anorg 1912, 76 321 )

Cerous nickel nitrate, 2Ce(N03)Sj 3Ni(NO3)2

+24H20
Easily sol m H20 (Holzmann, J pr 75

321)

1 1 sat solution in HN03+Aq (sp gr
1 325) contains 80 3 g hydrous salt at 16
(Jantsch )

Cenc nickel nitrate, CeNi(N03)6+SH 0

Decomp by H20 when heated, sol in H O
in the cold, si sol in HNO3 (Meyer, Z
anorg 1901, 27 375 )

Cerous potassium nitrate, Ce(NO3)3, 2KNO3

+2H20
Sol in H20 (Lange, J pr 82 136 )

Cenc potassium nitrate, CeK (NOs)e
Sol m H2O with decomp (Meyer, Z

anorg 1901, 27 370 )

+1J/£EI20 Efflorescent (Holzmann, J

pr 75 324)

Cenc rubidium nitrate, CeRuo(N03)6
Very sol m H 0, si sol m HNO, (Meyer )

Cenc sodium nitrate

Deliquescent Decomp \>\ recrystalliza-
tion (Holzmann )
Cerous thallous nitrate, [Ce(NTO3)5]Tl +
4HO

Very h>droscopic Decomp b> H2O
(Jantsch, Z anorg 1911, 69 229 )

Cerous zinc nitrate, 2Ce( W3)3, 3Zn(\TO3) +
24H20

Sol in H 0 Easily forms supersat solu-
tions (Lange. J pr 82 129 )

1 1 sat. solution in HNp3+\q (sp gr

] 325) contains 124 1 g tyfcwa salt at
(Jantsch, Z anorg 1912, 76 321 )

Cenc zinc nitrate, ZnCe(NO3)6+8H 0

Decomp by H2O, sol m HN03+ Aq
(Meyer, Z anorg 1901,27 374)

564

NITRATE, CEROCERIC ZINC

Cerocenc zinc nitrate (?), Ce304, 2ZnO,

6N206+18H20 (?)

Easily sol in H20 (HoLzmann, J pr 76
321)

Chromic nitrate, basic, Cr20(NOs)4
Sol mH20 (Lowel)
+12H20 Sol inHaP (Ordway )

Chromic nitrate, Cr(N08)s-f-9H20
Very sol in H20 and alcohol (Lowel )
Melts in its crystal H20 at 36 5° Sat

Cr(N08)8+Aq boils at 125 6° (Ordway )
Sp gr of Cr(N08)3+Aq
M> concentration of solution m gram

mols
W=wt of25cc of solution

M 00934 01868 03736 05604 09340

W 25 4300 25 8828 26 7302 27 5524 29 3072

M 11208 13076 14944 18680
W 30 0668 30 8464 31 6327 33 3379
(Jones and Getman, Z phys Ch 1904, 49
426)

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4328, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Chromic nitrate chloride, CrCl2(NOs)
Sol in H20 and alcohol (Schiff, A 124

177)
Cr(N08)2Cl (Schiff)

Chromic nitrate sulphate, Cr2(S04)(N08)4
Hygroscopic Completely sol in H20
Cr2(S04)2(N08)2 Sol in H20 (Schiff, A

124 174)

Cobaltous nitrate, basic, 6CoO, N206+5H20
Ppt Gradually sol in H20 with deposition

of CoO (Wmkelblech, A 13 155 )
Sol in cold HC1, and HNO8+Aq De-

comp by hot KOH+Aq
4CoO, N206-f-6E20 Ppt (Habermann,

M 5 432)

Cobaltous nitrate, Co(N08)2

Dehquescent in moist air Very sol m
H20

See +3, 6, and 9H20

Sp gr of aqueous solution at 17 5° con-
taining

5 10 15 20%Co(NOs)2,

1 0462 1 0906 1 1378 1 1936

25 30 35 40%Co(N03)2

12538 13190 13896 14662

Sp gr of sat solution = 1 5382
(Franz, J pr (2) 6 274 )

Sp gr of Co(N08)2+Aq at room temp
containing

8 28 15 96 24 528% Co(N08)2
1 0732 1 1436 1 2288
(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 268 )

Sp gr of Co(N08)2+Aq at 25°

Concentration of
Co(N03)2+Aq

Sp gr

1-normal

Vr- "
Vr- "
Vr- "

1 0728
1 0369
1 0184
1 0094

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 37 )

Sp gr at 20° of Co(N08)2+Aq containing
M g mols Co (NO 8)2 per liter
M 001 0025 005 0075
Sp gr 1 001496 1 003863 1 007579 1 011289

M 010 025 05 075

Sp gr 1 015084 1 03737 1 07415 1 11204

M 10 15 20

Sp gr 1 14612 1 21720 1 28576

(Jones and Pearce, Am Ch J 1907, 38 715 )

Sol in liquid NH3 (Guntz, Bull Soc
1909(4)5 1009)

100 g sat solution in glycol contains 80 g
Co(N08)2 (de Comnck, C C 1906, II 883

Sol m ethyl acetate (Naumann. B 1904
37 3601 )

+3H20 Solubility m H2O

Sat solution contains at
55° 62° 70° 84° 91° mpt
6174 6288 6489 6884 7721% Co(N03)2

(Funk, Z anorg 1899, 20 40S )

+6H20 Melts m its cryst il II O it 56{
(Ordway), 38° (Tilden)
Solubility in H20
Sat solution contains at
—21° —10° —4° 0°
41 55 43 69 44 S5 45 b(>% Co(NOj) ,

+18°
4973

41° 5b° mpt
5596 62X8% Co WO,)

(Funk, Z anorg 1SOO, 20 tOS )

Moderately sol m liquid Nlli flu mUin
Am Ch J 1898, 20 827 )

Easily sol in alcohol Sol in 1 pt stron
alcohol at 12 5° (Wonzcl )

Easily sol inacotono (KniL ind M'Elroy
J Anal Ch 6 184 )

Sol m methyl acetate (N mm inn, E
1909,42 3790)

Difficultly sol m ethyl ao<titt (Nan
mann.B 1910, 43 314)

-f 9H20 Solubility in H2O

Sat solution contains it

—26° —23 5° —20 5°

3945 4040 42 77% Co(N03)2

Cryohydrate is formed at — 29° (Funl
Z anorg 1899, 20 409 )

NITRATE, CUERIC

565

Cobaltous didymium nitrate, 3Co(N03)2,

2Di(N08)3-t-48H20

Very deliquescent (Frenchs and Smith,
A 191 331)

Cobaltous gadolinium nitrate, 3Co(N03)2,

2Gd(N08)3+24H20

1 1 sat solution in HN08 (sp gr 1 325)
contains 451 4 g hydrous salt at 16°
(Jantsch, Z anorg 1912, 76 303 )

Cobaltous lanthanum nitrate, 3Co(N03)2,

2La(NO8)8-f24H20

1 1 sat solution in HN03+Aq (sp gr
1 325) contains 109 2 g hydrous salt at 16°
(Jantsch, Z anorg 1912, 76 303 )

Cobaltous neodynuum nitrate, 3Co(NOs)2,

2Na(NO3)8-l-24H20

1 1 sat solution in HN03+Aq (sp gr
1 325) contains 151 6 hydrous salt at 16°
(Jantsch )

Cobaltous praseodymium nitrate, 3Co(N08)2,

2Pr(N03)3+24H20

1 1 sat solution in HN08+Aq (sp gr
1 325) contains 12 99 g hydrous salt at 16
(Jantsch )

Cobaltous samarium nitrate, 3Co(N03)2,

2Sm(N03)3+24H20
1 1 sat solution in HNQ3+Aq (sp
1 325) contains 34 27 g hydrous salt at 1
(Jantsch )

Cobaltous thorium nitrate, CoTh(N03)6 +

8H2O

Hydroscopic, sol m HN03-{-Aq (Meyer,
Z anorg 1901,27 387)

Cobaltous nitrate ammonia, Co(N03)2, 6NH3
+2HA)

Dccomp by H20 with separation of basic
nitrate (*remy)

Sol inNH4OH-HAq (Hess)

Cobaltous nitrate cupnc oxide, Co(NOsK

3CuO+3H20
Ppt (Mailhe, C R 1902, 134 234 )

Cobaltous nitrate hydrazine, Co(N03)2,

3N2H4

Ducomp by hot H20 (Franzen, Z anorg,
1908, 60 274 )

Cupnc nitrate, basic, 2CuO, N20S
(Ditte, A ch 1879 (5) 18 339 )
4CuO, N205+3H26 Insol m H,0 Eas-
ily sol m acids (Graham, A 29 13 )

Insol m H20, easily sol m acids (Athan
asesco. Bull Soc 1895, (3) 11 1113 )

4-3kH2O Insol m H20, and decomp by
heat (Casselman, Z anal 4 24 )

Cupnc nitrate, Cu(N03)2

Deliquescent Very easily sol m H20 or
alcohol, also in moderately cone EN03+Aq,
but is precipitated from cone aqueous solu-
tion by KN03+4.q of 1 522 sp gr (Mit-
scherhch, Pogg 18 159 )
Sat Cu(N03)2+Aq contains at
—10° —3° +3°
388 416 445%Cu(N03)2,

8° 20° 32°

485 541 612%Cu(N03)2

(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 528 )
See +3, 6, and 9H2O

Sp gr of Cu(N03)o-hAq at 17 5° contain-
ing

5 10 15% anhydrous salt,

1 0452 1 0942 1 1442

20 25 30% anhydrous salt,

1 2036 1 2644 1 3298

35 40 45% anhydrous salt

1 3974 1 4724 1 5576

(B Franz, J pr (2) 6 274 )

Sp gr of Cu(N03)2-!-Aq at 15°

% Cu(NOs)2

Sp gr

5 22
10 44
15 67
20 85
26 12
35 00

1 046
1 094
1 146
1 202
1 262
1 377

(Long, W Ann 1880, 11 39 )

Sp gr of Cu(N08)'-|-Aq at room temp
containing

18 99 26 68 46 71% Cu(N03)«
1 1774 1 2637 1 5363

(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 272 )

Concent ration, of
Cu(NOs) +^q

Sp gr

1-normal

1 0755
1 0372

i/ "

1 0185

Vs- "

1 0092

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 38 )
Sp gr of Cu(N03) -f 4.q at 12 5°

%Cu(N03)2 20 24

30

34

11350 11716 12320 12712

50 56

15205

(Hassenfratz, Muspratt, 1893, 4 2243 )

566

NITRATE, CUPJUC, AMMONIA

Sp gr at 20° of Cu(N08)2+Aq containing
M g mols salt per liter
M 001 0025 005 0075
Sp gr 1 001504 1 004076 1 007859 1 011715

M 025 050 075 0935

Sp gr 1 040290 1 07723 1 11469 1 14262

Sp gr 15 20

M 1 22618 1 29262

(Jones and Pearce, Am Ch J 1917, 38 719 )

Sat Cu(NO8)2+Aq boils at about 173°
(Griffiths )

Insol in fuming HN08 (Ditte, A en
1879 (5) 18 339 )

Solubility of Cu(N03)2+Pb(N03)2 in H20
at 20°

In 1 1 of solution

Sp gr

Cu(NOs)

Pb(NOs)2

Solid phase

g

g zuol

g

g mol

1 3o4

70 5

0 375

359 5

1 086

Pb(N03)2

1 322

139 2

0 742

257 2

0 777

1 321

226 o

1 207

175 1

0 529

1 343

301 8

1 608

133 4

0 403

1 360

341 8

1 821

117 8

0 356

1 451

519 4

2 767

70 o

0 213

1 546

681 7

3 632

44 0

0 133

1 622

798 1

4 252

28 1

0 OSo

1 700

943 2

5 028

17 2

0 052

Pb(NOa) +

Cu(NOs) 6H2O

(Fedotieff, Z anorg 1911, 73 178 )

Very sol in liquid NH3 (Guntz, Bull Soc

1909, (4) 5 1007 )

Easily sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am
Ch J 1898, 20 827 )

Insol in liquid HF (Franklin, Z anorg
1905, 46 2 )

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B

1910, 43 314 )

SI sol in benzomtnle (Naumann. B
1914,47 1369)

-f-3H20 Melts in crystal H O at 1145°
(Ordway, Tilden, Chem Soc 45 409 )

Solubility in H20

Sat solution contains at
25° 30° 40° 50°
60 01 60 44 61 51 62 62 % Cu(N03)2,

60° 70° 80° 1145°Mpt
6417 6579 6751 77 59% Cu(N03)2
(Funk, Z anoig 1899, 20 413 )

100 pts HN03 dissolve 2 pts at 13°. con-
siderably more on heating (Ditte. A ch
1879, (5) 18 339 )

Sol in 1 pt strong alcohol at 12 5° (Wen-
zel)

Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann. B
1909,42 3790)

+6H20 Efflorescent Melts in crystal
H20 at 38° (Ordway )

Solubility m H20

Sat solution contains at
—21° —10° 0° +10°
3952 4208 4500 48 79 % Cu(N08)2,

18° 20° 26 4° mpt
53 86 55 58 63 39% Cu(N03)2
(Funk, Z anorg 1899, 20 413 )

Sat solution of Cu(N03)2+6H20 in H20
at 20° contains 5 04 g mol per 1 Sp gr of
sat solution = 1688 (Fedotieff, Z anorg
1911, 73 78 )

Sat solution of Cu(N03)2+6H20 miH20
contains 45 0 g Cu(N08)2 in 100 g solution
at 0°, 53 9 g at 18° (Myhus, Z anorg 1912,
74 411 )

+9H20

Solubility in H20

Sat solution contains at

—23° —21° —20°

36 08 67 38 40 92% Cu(N03)2

Cryohydrate is formed at — 24° (Funk,
Z anorg 1899, 20. 414

Cupnc nitrate ammonia (Cuprammonium
nitrate), Cu(N03)2, 4NH3

Easily sol in H 0, fiom which it can be
recrystalhzed Sol in alcohol (Bcrzehus )

Sol in 1 pt liquid NH3 (Hoin, \m Ch
J 1908, 39 216 )

Cu(N03),, 5NHS (Hoin, \ni Ch J
1907, 37 620 )

4Cu(N03)2, 23NH3 (Horn)

Cupnc nitrate hydrazine, OufNO-,) , N H4

Decomp by HO (Ilofrn inn aid IV1 irbuig,
A 1899, 305 221 )

Cupnc nitrate mercuric oxide, ( u(NO3) .

HgO +311,0

Sol m HCI, HISOj tnd II S()4 (1 nui,
Gazz ch it 191 *, 43 (2) 7()<) )

Didymium nitrate, basic, Al)i (),, W O6+
1511^0

Insol in H2O (M in^n i< )

2Di203, 3N06 (H(cqu(J(l A rli ((>) 14
257)

Didymium nitrate, Di(N()j)i

Anhydrous \crysol in H C) \s w>l in
96% alcohol as in II O, ind the solution is not
precipitated by much other Jnsol m puie
ether (Marignac, A ch (3) 36 101 )

Moderately sol in liquid NII3 (I'nnklm.
Am Ch J 1898, 20 827 )

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4328, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

+6H20 Very deliquescent (Clevc, Bull
Soc (2) 43 361 )

NITRATE, IRON

567

Didynuum nickel nitrate, 2Di(N03)3,
3Ni(N03)2+36H20

Very dehquescent (Frenchs and Smith,
A 191 355)

See Neodyrnium and praseodymium

Didymram zinc nitrate, 2Di(NOs)3, 3Zn(N08)2

+69H20

Very dehquescent (F and S )
See Neodynuum and praseodymium

Dysprosium nitrate, Dy (N08) -f 5H20

Very sol in H20, less sol ni H20+EN03
Sol in alcohol (Urbam, C R 1908, 146
129 )

Erbium nitrate, basic, 2Er208, 3N206+9H20
Decomp by H20 SI sol in HN08

(Bahr and Bunsen )
3Er2O3, 4N2O6+20H20 (Cleve, Bull

Soc (2)21 344)

Erbium nitrate, Er(N08)8+6H20

Easily sol in H20, alcohol, and ether

(Hoglund )

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37

4328 )

Gadolinium nitrate, Grd(NO3)3+6J^H20
Sol in H20 (Benedicks, Z anorg 1900,

22 406)

+5H O Sol in HNOS (B )

Gadolinium magnesium nitrate, 2Gd(N08)8,

3Mg(N03)2+24H20

1 1 sat solution m HN03+Aq (sp gr
1 325) contains 352 3 g hydrous salt at 16°
(Jantsch, Z anorg 1912, 76 303 )

Gadolinium nickel nitrate, 2Gd(N03)3,
3Ni(NO3)2+24H2O

1 1 sat solution m HN03+Aq (sp gr
1 325) contains 400 8 g hydrous salt at 16°
(Jantsch )

Gadolinium zinc nitrate, 2Gd(N08)8,

3Zn(NO3)2+24H2O

1 1 sat solution m HN03+Aq (sp gr
1 325) contains 472 7 g hydrous salt at 16°
(Jantsch )

Gallium nitrate, Ga(N03)3

Very deliquescent, and sol in H20 (Dupr6 )

Glucmum nitrate, basic, 2G10,
3H20 (?)

Sol mH2O

3G1O, N2O6 Sol in H20 (Ordway, Sill
Am J (2) 26 205 )

Compounds more basic than this are insol
m H2O (Ordway )

Glucmum nitrate, Gl(NO3)2-f 3H«O

Very dehquescent (Joy, Sill Am J (2)
36 90)

Easily sol in H20 and alcohol ( Vauquelin )

Melts in its crystal H20 at 29 4° (Ord-
way)

Sat Gl(N03)2+Aq boils at 140 5° (Ord-
way)

Gold (auric) nitrate, basic, Au203, N20s-r*
2/sH20, or Auryl nitrate, (AuO)NOj-f
VsHjO

(Schottlander. A 217 364)
2Au208, N206+2H 0 « Au4O5(N08)2-f
2H20 Slowly sol in HNO3-j-Aq at 100%
(Schottlander, A 217 356)

Gold (auric) nitrate, Au(N03)34-zH 0

Decomp by H2O Sol m acetone (Han-
not and Raoult, C R 1912, 155 1086 )

Gold (auric) hydrogen nitrate,

HN03+3HoO
Decomp by H20 Sol m HN03-KAq
(Schottlander, A 217 356 )

Gold (auric) potassium nitrate, KAu(NO3)4

Easily sol in H20

HK Au(NO3)6 Decomp immediately by
H20

2KAu(N03)4, KoHAu(lSr03)6 (Schott-
lander, J B 1884 453 )

Gold (auric) rubidium nitrate, RbAu(NO3)4

Easily sol in H 0

HRb2Au(NO3)6 As above (Schott-
lander )

Gold (auric) thallium nitrate, TlAu(N03)4
Easily sol in H20
6Au03, 2T103, 3No05+15HO Ppt

(Schottlander )

Indium nitrate, In(NO3)3-f 4J^H 0

Very dehquescent Easily sol in H20 and
absolute alcohol (\\ inkier )

Iron (ferrous) nitrate, Fe(N03) +6H20

100 pts of ci \stals dissoh e m 50 ptb H O
atO°, sp gr of solution = 144, 408 pts H20
at 15°, sp gr of solution = 1 48, 33 3 pts H2O
at 25°, sp gr of solution = 1 50 (Ordway,
Sill \.m J (2) 40 325 )

Sat solution contains at
—9° 0° +18° 24° 605°Mpt
3968 4153 4514 4651 62 50% Fe(NO3)2
(Funk, Z anorg 1899, 20 406 )

Sat solution of Fe(N03)2+6H 0 m H2O
contains 41 5% Fe(N03) at 0°, 45 1% at 18°
(Myhus, Z anorg 1912, 74 411 )

568

NITRATE, IRON", BASIC

-f 9H20 Solubility in H20

Sat solution contains at
—27° —215° —19° —155°
3566 3610 3656 37 17% Fe(N03)2

Cryohydrate is formed at —28° (Funk,
Z anorg 1899, 20 407 )

Fe(N08)2-hAq decomposes on heating, less
rapidly when dil , more readily in presence of
excess of acid (Ordway )

Iron (feme) nitrate, basic, 36Fe203, N2O6+
48H2O (?)

Easily sol in H20 SI sol in dil HNO8+
Aq, very si sol in alcohol (Hausmann, A
89 111)

8Fe2Os, N2O5+12H20 SI sol in H20,
very si sol ui cold or warm dil HN03+
Aq, more easily sol in hot HCl+Aq (Haus-
mann )

+xH20 Sol in H20, completely pptd
from aqueous solution by NaCl, NH4C1, KI,
KClOs, Na2S04,CaS04, ZnS04, CuS04, KNOS
NaN08, Ba(C2H802)2, or Zn(C2H302)2+Aq
More slowly pptd by NH4N03, Mg(N03)2,
Ba(N03)2, or Pb(N03)2+Aq Not pptd by
alcohol, Pb(C2H802)2, Cu(C2H802)2, Hg(CN)2,
AgNOs, or As203+Aq (Ordway, Sill Am
J(2)930)

4Fe208, N2O6+1^H20 Easily sol in
H20, si sol in dil HN03-|-Aq, and m al-
cohol (Hausmann )

+3H20 Insol in H20 or HN03-fAq, sol
m HCl+Aq (Scheurer-Kestner, C R 87
927)

+9H20 Not deliquescent, easily sol in
H20 (Ordway )

3Fe208, N2O6H-2H20 Insol in H2O
(Scheurer-Kestner )

2Fe208, N2O5+H20 Decomp by H2O
(Scheurer-Kestner )

+8H20 (S -K )

Fe208, N206 Decomp by H2O (S -K )

Fe203, 2N2O5 Sol m H2O or alcohol in
all proportions Insol mHN03-hAq

N205 with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8Fe203
forms compounds, sol in H20 (Ordway )

Solubihty determinations show that there
are no definite basic nitrates of iron formed
from solutions at 25°, and that the solid phase
under these conditions is a solid solution of
Fe203, HN03 and H20 The normal salt,
Fe208, 3N206, 18H20 is stable m solutions
containing about 30-45% N206 In higher
concentrations of nitric acid it appears to be
metastable and a new salt, Fe2O3, 4N2O6,
18(?)H20 is the stable form (Cameron, J
phys Chem 1909, 13 252 )

Iron (feme) nitrate, Fe(N08)8

+H20 (Scheurer-Kestner, A ch (3) 65
113)

+6H20 Deliquescent, and sol in any
amount of H2O (Schonbein, Pogg 39 141 )

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904. 37
4328)

+ 9H20 Deliquescent Sol in H20 ar
alcohol SI sol in HN08-f Aq 2 pts sa
with 1 pt H20 lower the temperature 18 5
(Scheurer-Kestner )

Sp gr of solution at 17 5° containing
5 10 15 20 25% Fe(N03)
1 0398 1 0770 1 1182 1 1612 1 2110

30 35 40 45 50% Fe(N03)
1 2622 1 3164 1 3746 1 4338 1 4972

55 60 65% Fe(N03)3
15722 16572 17532

(Franz, J pr (2) 6 274 )

Nearly insol in cone HNOs+Aq at tern
below 15 5°

Easily sol in alcohol

Melts in crystal H2O at 47 2° (Ordway

Sat Fe(N03)3+Aq boils at 125° (Or<
way)

Lanthanum nitrate, La(NO3)3-f6H20

Very deliquescent, easily sol in H20 ai
alcohol (Mosander) Melts in its cryst
H20 at 40°, boils at 124 5° (Ordway )

La(N03)3-HAqsat at 25% contains 60 17
La(N03)3, or 100 g H2O dissolve 151 1
La(N03)3 at 25° (James and Wluttemoi
J Am Chem Soc 1912, 34 1160 )

Sol m acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 3
4328, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Lanthanum magnesium nitrate, 2La(N"03,
3Mg(N03)2+24H O

Deliquescent in moist an (Hoi/mum,
pr 75 350)

1 1 sat solution m HNO3+Aq (sp j
1 325) contains 63 8 g hydrous salt at K
(Jantsch, Z anorg 1912, 76 321 )

Lanthanum manganous nitrate, 2Li(NT03

3Mn(N03) +21H O
Sol in H2O (Dj,moui UK I D< villc )
1 1 sat solution m HNO-j-f Aq (sp j

1 325) contains 193 1 g hydious silt at II

(Jantsch )

Lanthanum nickel nitrate, 2F i(\TO3
3Ni(NOs)2-H<>ri<)

Very sol in H O CI'iPiK hs uul Smith,
191 355)

H-24H20 1 1 sat solution m HN03
Aq (sp gr 1 325) contains SO 3 g hydro 3
salt at 16° (Jantsch )

Lanthanum rubidium hydrogen nitrate.

[La(N03)4]Rb, IIN03-H>H()
Sol in H20 and HNO3 ( Jantsc h, Z a,noi
1911, 69 225 )

Lanthanum thallous nitrate, [LifNOa^lTla
4H20

Hydroscopic (Jantsch, Z anorg 1011, (
228)

NITRATE, LEAD

569

Lanthanum zinc nitrate, 2La(NOs%
3Zn(NO8)2-f24H20

Solubihtv in 100 pts H O at t°

Very sol in H20 (Damour and DeviUe, J
B 1858 135 )

t°

Pts
Pb(N03)

t°

Pts
Pb(NOj)*

t°

Pts
Pb(NOs)*

1 1 sat solution in HN08+Aq (sp gr
1 325) contains 124 1 g hydrous salt at 16°
(Jantsch, Z anorg 1912, 76 321 )
4-69H2O (Frenchs and Smith. A 191
355 )

0
1
2
3

36 5
37 4
38 3
39 1

36
37
38
39

65 9
66 7
67 6
68 5

72
73
74
75

99 7
100 7
101 7
102 6

vw /

4

39 8

40

69 4

76

103 6

5

40 5

41

70 3

77

104 6

Lead nitrate has c 2PhO N" O 4-TT n

6

41 2

42

71 2

78

105 6

Pb(OED]SrO ' ' 2v-»5-f.a.2u —

7

42 0

43

72 1

79

106 6

Sol in 5 15 pts H20 at 19 2° (Pohl. W A
B 6 597 ) Very si sol in cold, much more
inhotH2O (Berzehus) Sol in Pb(C2H302)2
+Aq (Guignet, C R 56 358 )
Insol in H20, sol in acids (Athanesco,
Bull Soc 1895, (3) 13 178 )
H-2H20 (AndrS. C R 100 639 )
3PbO,N2O6+lHH20 SI sol inpureH20
Insol in H20 containing HC1 (Berzehus )

8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

42 8
43 6
44 4
45 2
46 0
46 8
47 5
48 3
49 1
49 9

44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53

73 0

74 0
74 9
75 9
76 8
77 7
78 7
79 6
80 5
81 5

80

81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89

107 6
108 6
109 6
110 6
111 5
112 5
113 5
114 5
115 4
116 4

+3H2O Sol ni 119 2 pts cold, and 10 5
Ets boiling H20 Sol in Pb(C2H302)2+Aq,
ut si sol in KNOs+Aq (Vogel, ]r A 94

18
19
20

50 7
51 5
52 3

54
55

56

824
83 3
84 3

90
91
92

117 4
118 4
119 4

97)

21

53 1

57

85 2

93

120 3

= lOPbO, 3N2O5-h5H20 (Wakemann and

22

53 9

58

86 1

94

121 3

Wells, Am Ch J 9 299 )

23

54 7

59

87 1

95

122 3

-f 4H2O (Andre", C R 100 639 )
6PbO, N206+H20 Nearly insol m H20
(Lowe. J pr 98 385 )

24
25
26

55 6
56 4
57 3

60
61
62

88 0
89 0
90 0

96
97
98

123 2
124 2
125 2

lOPbO, 3N2Os-f4H2O Less sol in H20
than Pb(NO8)OH, and not decomp by boiling
H2O (Wakemann and Wells, Am Ch J 9

27
28
29

58 1
59 0
59 8

63
64
65

90 9
91 9
92 8

99
100
101

126 1
127 0
128 0

299)

30

60 7

66

93 8

102

128 9

31

61 6

67

94 8

103

129 9

32

62 4

68

95 7

104

130 9

Lead nitrate, Pb(N03)2

33

63 3

69

96 7

104 7

131 5

Sol in H2O with absorption of much heat

34

64 1

70

97 7

(Rose )

35

65 0

71

98 7

1 pt Pb(NOj) dissohes m 7^ pts cold HaO
(Mitschcrhch )

1 pt Pb(NOs)» dissolves in 1 989 pts H20 at 17 o
and forms a liquid of 1 5978 sp gr (Karsten )

1 pt Ph(NO3)2 dissolves in 1 707 pts H2O at 22 3
m 1 585 pts H O at 24 7 (Kopp )

Sol m 1 87 pis IT 0 at 17 5 (Sohiff A 109 326)

100 pts Pb(NO8)a+Aq sat at 1022° contain 525
pf m CMn ^ IQO pt H/) dissolve 110526 pts

P \ _ ° (Griffiths)

cold H2O and much less hot H2O
(Wittstem )

100 pts boiling H20 dissolve 13 pts Pb(NOs)2
(Ure s Diet )

100 pts Pb(N03)2+Aq sat at 19-20° con-
tain 35 80 pts salt (v Hauer, W A B 53, 2
221)

1 pt dissolves

at 0° 10° 25° 45° 65° 85° 100°
m 2 58 2 07 1 65 1 25 0 99 0 83 0 72 pts H20

(Kremers, Pogg 92 497 )

1 1 Pb(NO3)2-fAq sat at 15° contains
461 49 g Pb(NO3)2 and 92858 g H20. and
has sp gr 1 39 (Michel and Krafft, A ch
(3) 41 471 )

(Mulder, Scheik Verhandel 1864 66 )

100 g H2O dissolve 52 76 g Pb(NO3)2 at
17° (Euler, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 315 )

Solubility of Pb(N03)a m H2O at 20° =
1 52 g mol per 1 Sp gr of sat solution =
1 419 (Fedotieff, Z anorg 1911, 73 178 )

Sat Pb(N03)2+^q at 0° contains 267%
Pb(N03)2, at 18°, 29 1% Pb(NO3)o (Myhus,
Z anorg 1912, 74 411 )

Sp gr of Pb(NO3) H-Aq at 19 5°

PbClfos)

Spgr

Pbpfoah

Sp gr

5
10
15
20

1 045
1 093
1 144
1 203

25
30
35

1 266
1 334

1 414

(Kremers, calculated by Gerlach, Z anal 8
286)

570

NITRATE, LEAD

Sp gr ofPb(N03)2-t-Aqatl75°

%
Pb(NO3)2

Sp gr

Pb(§0s)2

Sp gr

5

10
15
20

1 044
1 092
1 144
1 200

25
30
35

sat sol

1 263
1 333
1 409
1 433

(Gerlach, Z anal 27 283 )

Sp gr of Pb(N03)2+Aq sat at 8° = 1372
(Anthon )

Sp gr of Pb(NQ3)2+Aq at 17 5°

Pb(N03)2+Aq containing 1593% Pb(N08)j

hassp gr 20/°20° = 1 1558
Pb(N08)2+Aq containing 30 57% Pb(N08)2

hassp gr 20°/20° - 1 3436
Pb(N03)2+Aq containing 3069% Pb(N08)a

hassp gr 20°/20° = 1 3465
(Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phys Ch 1896,
19 279 )

Sat Pb(N03)2 + Aq boils at 103 5° (Krem
ers)

Sat Pb(N08)2-f-Aq boils at 1022°, and
contains 140 pts Pb(N08)2 to 100 pts H20
(Griffiths )
Sat Pb(N03)2-hAq boils at 103 5° (Ger

Fb(rfo»)s

Sp gr

Pb($08)2

Sp gr

lach, Z anal 26 427 )

B -pt of Pb(NO3)2H-Aq containing pts
Pb(N08)2 to 100 pts H20, according to
Gerlach (Z anal 26 449)

1

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

1 0080
1 0163
1 0247
1 0331
1 0416
1 0502
1 0591
1 0682
1 0775
1 0869
1 0963
1 1059
1 1157
1 1257
1 1359
1 1463
1 1569
1 1677
1 1788

20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37

1 1902
1 2016
1 2132
1 2251
1 2372
1 2495
1 2620
1 2747
1 2876
1 3907
1 3140
1 3276
1 3416
1 3558
1 3702
1 3848
1 3996
1 4146

B~pt Pb(NO»)a B~pt

Pts
Pb(NOs)

100 5° 11 102 5°
101 26 103
101 5 44 103 5
102 65

87
111

137

Insol in cone HN03+Aq
Solubility of Pb(N08)24-Ba(N03)2
See under Ba(N03)2
Solubility of Pb(N03)2+€u(N03)2
See under Cu(N03)2
Sol in sat KN03+Aq without pptn , 100
pts H20 at 18 75° dissolving 114 pts mixed
salt, viz 84 1 pts Pb(N03)2 and 29 9 pts
KN03 (Karsten )
100 pts H,0 dissolve 119 6 pts Pb(N03)2
and 67 1 pts KN03 at 21 2° (Rudorff, B 6
484 )
100 g H20 dissolve 95 39 g Pb(NO3)2 and
61 05 g KN03 at 20° (Le Blanc and Noyes
Z phys Ch 1890, 6 386 )
Sol m sat NaNO3-|-Aq without pptn , 100
pts H O at 18 75° dissolving 121 <) pts miKed
salt, viz 87 8 pts Pb(NO3)2 and 34 1 pts
NaN03 (Karsten )

Solubility of Pb(N08)2+NaN03

(Schiff, calculated by Gerlach, Z anal 8
286)

Sp gr of Pb(NO8)2-hAqatt°

t°

% Pb(NOs)

Sp ffr

14
14
14 5
14 3
15
15

5
10
15
20
25
32 28

1 0451
1 0939
1 1468
1 2045
1 2678
1 3716

(Long, W Ann 1880, 11 40 )

Sp gr of Pb(N08)2+Aq at room temp
containing
17 93 32 22% Pb(NO8)2
1 1786 1 3619
(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 267 )
Sp gr of Pb(N03)2+Aqat25°

Solid phase =Pb(N03) 2

t° of saturation f/?NiN()i </<

Pb(NOi)

32 34 42
35 5 34 15
39 5 33 71
44 33 35
49 1 32 94
55 32 60
58 32 47
62 32 33
65 32 14

19 69
20 33
21 35
22 19
23 15
23 93
24 24
24 57
24 89

Concentration of
Pb(NOd)2 + 4q

Sp gr

1-normal

Vr- "
Vr- "
Vs- "

1 1380
1 0699
1 0351
1 0175

(Wagner, Z phys Ch

1890, 5 36 )

NITRATE, NITRITE, LEAD, BASIC

571

SolubibtyofPb(N03)2

+NaNOs—

Continued

Solubility of Pb(N08)2 in pyndine at t°

Solid phase = NaN08

t°

G Pb(NOs)s
per 100 g
CsHsN

Solid phase

t° o* saturation

% NaNO3

% Pb(NOs)2

21
26 5
31
38 8
41
44 25
51
58
64

40
42
43
44
45
46
47
49
49

97
04
18
63
11
03
28
03
92

13 62
13 38
12 88
12 78
12 94
12 45
12 50
11 76
11 56

—19 4
—14 5
—10
0
5 4
8 7
14 72
19 97
24 75
30 03
34 97
40 03
45
49 97
51 tr pt
59 52
70
80
89 93
94 94
96 tr pt
99 89
104 90
109 90

2 93
2 14
1 90
3 54
3 93
5 39
6 13
6 78
8 56
10 98
13 20
16 94
22 03
29 37

36 70
47 29
61 60
90 21
128 06

143 36
152
163 80

Fb(NO«)«j<4e«EiN

n
u
tt
u
u
u
«
(i
it

C(

tt
It

«-hPb(N08)2, 3C6H6N
Pb(N08)?? SCsHfiN

tt
tt
tt

"+Pb(N08)2, 2C6H5N
Pb(NO,)sj 2C5HBN

ct

(Isaac, Chem Soc 1908, 93 398 )

Also sol in KNOs+NaNOs+Aq
100 pts sat Pb(N03)2+Sr(N03)2+Aq
contain 45 98 pts of the two salts at 19 20°
<v Hauer, J pr 98 137 )

Solubility of Pb(N08)2+Sr(N03)2 ab 25°

G per 100 cc

Mol per cent in solid phase

Pb(NOs)2

Sr(NO3)2

Pb(N03)

Sr(NO3)2

46 31
50 47
53 92
45 34
44 48
25 23
19 13
0

0

4 56
8 14
17 81
18 74
35 03
37 54
71 04

100
99 05
98 11
97 02
96 06
83 84
32 88
0

0
0 95
1 89
2 98
3 94
16 16
67 12
100

(Walton and Judd, J Am Chem Soc 1911,
33 1036)

Lead mercurous nitrate, 2PbO, 2HgoO, 3N2Os
Decomp by H2O Sol in warm dil HNO8,
or Hg (N03)2+Aq without decomp (Stad-
eler, A 87 129)

Lead silver nitrate, Pb(N03)2, 2AgN03
Sol in H2O (Sturenbcrg, Pogg 74 115 )

(Fock,

Z Kryst

Mm 1897, 28 365 )

Very easily so] in liquid NH8 (Franklin,
Am Ch J 1898, 20 828 )

100 pts iloohol of 0 9282 sp gi dissolve
at 4° 8° 22° 40° 50°

496 582 877 128 14 9 pts Pb(N03)2
(Goiaidm, A ch (4), 5 129)

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolv<
1 37 pts at 20 5°

100 pts absolute ethyl alcohol dissolve 0 04
pt at 20 5° (dc Bruyn rL phys Ch 10
783)

Very si sol in acetone (Krug and M'El
roy, J Anal Ch 6 184 )

Insol in cold, si sol in hot C$2 (Arctow
ski, Z anoig 1894, 6 257 )

Insol in benzomtnle (Naumann, B 1914
47 1370)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann
B 1910,43 314)

Mol weight determined in pyndine (Wer-
ner, Z anorg 1897, 16 21 )

Lead silver nitrate iodide, Pb(NO3)2, 8AgN03,

4AgI

Decomp by H 0 (Sturenbei g; )
Pb(NO8)2, 2VgN03; 2AgI Decomp by

HO (Stuienbug)

Lead nitrate nitrite, basic, 4PbO, N205> N O8

4-2H 0=Pb(OH)N08, Pb(OH)NC)
SI sol in rold, easily in hot H/) Sol in
80 pts H2O it 2*° (Che vn mi), 85 pts at oid
temp (Brumcis, A 72 JS), 100 pts at 100°
(Chcvieml)

+2H20

Solubility in acetic acid

Noun ihU
of wi<l

j. Pbo ])< i
!()()<( it

SollllK U

Nonmihtv
of M id

t, I K) pi i
100 u it
solutu 11

0
0 05
0 10

0 601
1 323
2 185

0 25
0 50
0 75

5 450
9 690
15 874

(Chilesotti, Att Acad Line 1908, (5) 17, II
475)

572

NITRATE, LEAD, PHOSPHATE

Formula is 3Pb(OH)N08, 5Pb(OH)N02+
H2O (v Lorenz, W A B 84, 2 1133 )

-t-3H2O (v Lorenz)

4PbO, N206, 3N208+4H20 Sol in H20
(Bromeis )

6PbO, N206, 2N208+3VsH20=Pb(OE)N03,
2Pb(OH)NO2-f2/3H20 (v Lorenz)

6PbO, 2N2O5, 3ST2O8 + 32/3H2O »
2Pb(OH)NO3, Pb(OH)NOi+V«HiO (v
Lorenz )

7PbO, N203, N206+3H20 Less sol in
H2O than 4PbO, N20«, N203+2H20, sol in
cold cone HNOa-fAq (Peligot, A 39 338 )

8PbO, N205, 3N*0,+4«/»HsO«Pb(OH)NOi,
3Pb(OH)NOs+VaBM) (v Lorenz)

lOPbO, N2Ofi, 4N208+5H20=*Pb(OH)N03,
4Pb(OH)NO2 (v Lorenz )

12PbO, N205, 5N203+6H20-Pb(OH)N03,
5Pb(OH)N02 (v Lorenz )

10PbO,*N206, 2N203+4H2O=Pb(OH)N08,
2Pb(OH)NQ2, 2PbO+^H2O (v Lorenz )

14PbO, N206, 3N208+6H2O=Pb(OH)N03,
3Pb(OH)N02, 3PbO+H20 (Bromeis)

14PbO, 3N205, N208+6H20 =
3Pb(OH)N08, Pb(OH)N02, 3PbO+H20
(Bromeis )

16PbO, 2N2OB. 3NjOs4-eH.O«
4Pb(OE)N03, 6£b(OH)NT02, 5PbO, Pb(OH)2
(v Lorenz )

16PbO, 3N205, 5N2084-10H20 =
3Pb(OH)N08, 5Pb(OH)N02+H20 (v
Lorenz )

26PbO, 6Nj06, 7N203+21H20 =
6Pb(OH)N03, 7Pb(OH)N02-f-4H20 (v
Lorenz )

Lead nitrate phosphate, Pb(N03)2, Pbs(P04)2

Completely msol nicoldH20 Decomp by
boiling H2O nito its constituents Sol in a
little cone HNO3+Aq without decomp
(Gerhardt, A 72 83 )

Lead nitrate phosphite, Pb(NO8)2, PbHPO8

Decomp by H2O Sol in Pb(N03)2+Aq
Pb(N08)2-hAq (33 3 g per litre) dissolves 1
g salt at 15° If less than 31 g per litre of
Pb(N03)2 are present the salt is decomp
(Amat, A ch (6) 24 317 )

Lead nitrate potassium nitrite, Pb(N"03)2.
2KN02+H20

Difficultly sol in H2O (Lang, J B 1862
102)

3PbO, 3K2O, 4]ST203, 2N"2O5-f3H20 Sol
in H20 (Hayes, Sill Am J (2) 31 226 )

Lithium nitrate, LiN03

Very deliquescent, and sol in H2O
100 pts BE2O dissolve
at 0° 20° 40° 70° 100° 110°
48 3 75 7 169 4 196 1 227 3 256 4 pts LiNO3
(Kremers, Pogg 99 47 )

Forms supersaturated solutions with e e,
which crystallize when temp is lowerec fco
+1° (Kremers, Pogg 92 520)

Sat solution boils at over 200° (Krem s,
Pogg 99 43 )

1 pt LiN03 dissolves in 200 pts HIS 8
(Schultz, Zeit Ch (2) 6 531 )

100 pts of the sat solution contain at

642° 709°

64 9 66 1 pts anhydrous salt
(Donnan and Burt, Chem Soc 1903, 5
339 )
See +J^H20, and 3H20

Sp gr of LiN03+Aq at 19 5° contain g
pts LiN08 in 100 pts H20

264 41 8 pts LiN »,
1 134 1 197

127

1069

548
1245

142
1 077

57 5
1255

77 4 79 4 pts LiN ,
1315 1319

(Kremers, Pogg 114 45 )
Sp gr of LiN03-f-Aq

g LiNOs in 1000 g
of solution.

Sp gr 16/16°

0
4 8526
10 9128
17 9016

1 000000
1 002469
1 0055495
1 009113

(Dijken, Z phys Ch 1897, 24 109 )

Sp gr 20°/4° of a normal solution of LiNi
= 1 03803, of a 0 5-normal solution * 1 0183
(Haigh, J Am Chem Soc 1912, 34 1151 )

Very easily sol in liquid NH3 (Frankli
Am Ch J 1898, 20 828 )

Sol in strong alcohol

Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 189
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4328 )

Solubility in acetone =0343 g mol per
at 18° (Roshdestwensky and McBrid
Chem Soc 1911, 99 2140 )

Insol in benzomtnle (Naumann, I
1914,47 1370)

Difficultly sol m ethyl acetate (Nai
mann, B 1910, 43 314 )

+ ^RzO Solubility in H2O

100 pts of the sat solution contain at

436° 505° 550° 600°

608 613 630 63 6 pts anhydrous sail

61 1° is the temp at which LiNO8+ J£H2<
oes over into LiN08 (Donnan and Burl
Jhem Soc 1903, 83 339 )

NITRATE, MAGNESIUM

573

+3H20
Solubility in H20

100 pts of the sat solution contain pts
anhydrous salt at t°

Sp gr ofMg(N03)2+Aqat21°

%Mg^Oa)2

Sp gr*

% Mg(NOs)2
+6H20

Sp gr

2

4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26

1 0078
1 0158
1 0239
1 0321
1 0405
1 0490
1 0577
1 0663
1 0752
1 0843
1 0934
1 1026
1 1120

28
30
32
34
36
38
40
42
44
46
48
50

1 1216
1 1312
1 1410
1 1508
1 1608
1 1709
1 1811
1 1914
1 2019
1 2124
1 2231
1 2340

t

Pts anhydrous salt

0 10
10 50
12 10
13 75
19 05
22 10
27 55
29 47
29 78
29 87
29 86
29 64
29 55

34 8
37 9
38 2
39 3
40 4
42 9
47 3
53 67
55 09
56 42
56 68
57 48
58 03

(Schiff. calculated by Gerlach. Z anal 8
286)

Sp gr of Mg(NO3)2-f-Aq at 18°

Mpt of LiN08+3E20 is 29 88°

(Donnan and Burt, Chem Soc 1903,
83 337)

%Mg(NOs)2

Sp gr

% Mg(NOs)2

Sp gr

5
10

1 0378
1 0763

15
17

1 1181
1 1372

Insol in H20 and alcohol Sol in acids
(Chodnew, A 71 241 )

4-5H20 Decomp by H 0 (Didier, C R
1896, 122 936 )

Magnesium nitrate, Mg(N03)o
Anhydrous Deliquescent

Sol m 1 pt HaO at 15 6° Sol in 4 pts abs alcohol
at 15 6 and 2 pts at boiling temp More sol in alcohol
of 0 817 sp fcr than m that of 0 900 (Kirwan )
Sol in 0 3458 pt strong alcohol at 82 5° (Wenzel )
Sol in 10 pts strong alcohol at 15° (Bergmann )
Sol in 9 pts staong alcohol on heating (Bergraann )

Solubility in E^O in presence of the an-
hydrous salt

Sat solution contains at

89° 77 5° 67°
63 14 65 67 67 55% Mg(NO8)2

(Funk, Z anorg 1899, 20 396 )
See +6, and 9H2O

Sp gr of Mg(N002-f Aq at 14°

% Mg(NO3)2
6H2O

&P gr

% Mg(NOs)a
6H2Q

Sp gr

1
5
10
15
20
25

1 0034
1 0202
1 0418
1 0639
1 0869
1 1103

30
35
40
45
49

1 1347
1 1649
1 1909
1 2176
1 2397

(Oudemans, Z anal 7 419 )

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

Sp gr of Mg(NOs)2+Aq at room temp
containing

18 62 34 19 39 77% Mg(NOs)2
1 1025 1 2000 1 4298
(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 273 )

Sp gr of Mg(N03)2-f-Aq at 25°

Concentration of
Mg(NCh)2-f-Aq

fep gr

1-normal

Vr- "
V.- "
Vr- "

1 0512
1 0259
1 0130
1 0066

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 6 38 )

Sp gr of solution sat at 18° = 1 384, con
taming 43 1% Mg(NO3)2 (Mylius, B 1897>
30 1718)

Sp gr of Mg(N03) +Aq

Y% Mg(N03)jg in 1000 g
of solution

Sp fcr l()°/16°

0

1 000000

0 8099

1 000660

1 5621

1 001253

3 3398

1 002539

7 4410

1 005523

15 161

1 011151

29 356

1 021580

58 353

1 043329

81 025

1 060773

(Dijken, Z phys Ch 1897,24 107)

574

NITRATE, MAGNESIUM NEODYMIUM

Sp gr ofMg(N03)2+Aqat20 1°
p = per cent strength of solution, d = ob-
served density, w = volume concentration in

/pd
grams per cc ( TQQ = w

p

d

w

35 02

1 3110

0 46695

31 15

1 2655

0 39420

25 05

1 2057

0 30172

19 55

1 1551

0 22585

13 43

1 102S

0 14815

10 09

1 0753

0 10850

6 650

1 0480

0 06968

4 672

1 0330

0 04826

4 001

1 0276

0 04112

1 372

1 0085

0 01383

(Barnes J phys Chem 1898, 2 545 )

Sp gr of Mg(N08)2+Aq at 20° containing
M g mols of salt per liter
M 002 005 010 015
Sp gr 1 00224 1 005626 1 011118 1 016557

M 020 050 100 1274

Sp gr 1 022026 1 054804 1 107865 1 136615
(Jones and Pearce, Am Ch J 1907, 38 707 )

Less sol in Ca(NO3)2+Aq than in
(Dijonval )

Very easily sol in liquid NH8 (Franklin,
Am Ch J 1898, 20 828 )

+2H2O Mpt 127° (Wasiljew, C C
1909,11 1966)

+4H2O Mpt 455° (W)

4-6H2O Deliquescent Sol m H20 and
alcohol Sol in 0 5 pt cold H20, and 9 pts
cold alcohol of 0 84 sp gr , very si sol m
abs alcohol (Graham )

Melts in its crystal H20 at 90°, and the re-
sulting liquid boils at 143 4° (Ordway, Pill
Am J (2) 27 14 )

Solubility m H2O

Sat solution contains at
—18° —45° 0° 18°

3803 3950 3996 42 33% Mg(NOs)2,

40° 80° 90° (mpt )

45 87 53 69 57 81% Mg(NO3)2
(Funk, Z anorg 1899, 20 395 )

+9H20 Solubility m H20
Sat solution contains at
—23° —20 5° —18°
35 44 36 19 38 03% Mg(NO3)2
Cryohydrate is formed at — 29° (Funk,
Z anorg 1899, 20 398 )

Magnesium neodymium nitrate, 3Mg(NO8)2,

2Nd(N03)8+24H20

1 1 sat solution in HNO3+Aq (sp gr
1 325) contains 97 7 g hydrous salt at 16°
(Jantsch, Z anorg 1912, 76 303 )

Magnesium praseodymium nitrate.

3Mg(N08)2, 2Pr(N08)34-24H20
1 1 sat solution in HNOa+Aq (sp r
1 325) contains 7 70 g hydrous salt at 1 °
(Jantsch )

Magnesium samarium nitrate, 3Mg(NO 2

Sm(NOs)8+24H20
(Demargay, C R 1900, 130 1187 )
1 1 sat solution in HN03-fAq (sp

1 325) contains 24 55 g hydrous salt at 1
f Jantsch )

Magnesium thorium nitrate, MgTh(N08) {-

H20

Hydroscopic, sol in HNOS (Meyer, 5
anorg 1901, 27 385 )

Magnesium nitrate ammonia, Mg(NO j;

6NH8

SI sol in liquid NH8 (Franklin, J A i
Chem Soc 1913, 35 1459 )

Manganous nitrate, basic, 2MnO, N20 (•

3H20
Sol in H20 (Gorgeu )

Manganous nitrate, Mn(NO8)2

Deliquescent Easily sol in H20 2 c
alcohol

See +3, and 6H2Q

Sp gr of Mn(NO3)2+Aq at 8°

% Mn(N03)2
+6H20

Sp gr

% Mn(N03)2
+6H20

Sp g:

5

1 0253

45

1 27(

10

1 0517

50

1 30<

15

1 0792

55

1 34'

20

1 1078

60

1 38(

25

1 1137

65

1 42*

30

1 1688

70

1 47$

35

1 2012

71

1 481

40

1 2352

(Oudemans, Z anal 7 421 )

Sp gr of aqueous solutions containing
10 20 30 % Mn(N03)2-|-6H2

6237 12474 18 711% Mn(N08)2,

1 052 1 107 1 165

40

50

60 % Mn(N03) -f~6H

24948 31185 37 422% Mn(N03)2,
1 230 1 302 1 381

70 80 %Mn(NO3)2+6H2O
43659 49 896% Mn(NO3)2
1 466 1 558

(Gerlach, Z anal 28 477 )

Sp gr of Mn(N08)2-hAq at room ten
containing

18 309 20 602 49 309% Mn(NO8)2
1 1482 1 3227 1 5056

(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 271 )

NITRATE, MERCURIC

575

Sp gr of Mn(N03)->+Aq at 25°

Concentration of
Mn(NOs)2+Aq

Sp gr

1-normal
Vr- "

Vr- "
Vr- "

1 0690
1 0349
1 0174
1 0093

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 39 )

Sol in liquid NH8 (Guntz, Bull Soc
1909, (4) 5 1006 )

Very sol in liquid NH8 (Franklin, Am
Oh J 1898, 20 828 )

+H20 Deliquescent (Guntz, Bull Soc
1909(4)5 1005)

+3H20 From solution in HNOs (Schultz-
Sellack, Zeit Ch 1870 646 )

Solubility m H20

Sat solution contains at
27° 29° 30° 34° 35 5° mpt
65 66 66 99 67 38 71 31 76 82% Mn(NO3)2
(Funk, Z anorg 1899, 20 403 )

-f 6H20 Melts in its crystal H20 at 25 8°
and boils at 129 4° (Ordway )

Solubility m H2O

Sat solution contains at
—29° —26° -—21° —16° —5°
42 29 43 15 44 30 45 52 48 88% Mn(N03)2}

0° +11° 18° 25 8° nipt
50 40 54 50 57 33 62 37% Mn(N03)2

Cryohydrate is formed at —36° (Funk,
Z anorg 1899, 20 403 )

Manganous neodymmm nitrate, 3Mn(NOs)2,

2Nd(N08)3+24H20

1 1 sat solution m HN08+Aq (sp gr
1 325) contains 296 g hydrous salt at 16°
(Jantsch, Z anorg 1912, 76 303 )

Manganous praseodymium nitrate,

3Mn(N03)2, 2Pr(N08)3-{-24H20
1 1 sat solution in HN03+Aq (sp gr
1 325) contains 23 4 g hydrous salt at 16°
(Jantsch )

Manganous samarium nitrate, 3Mn(N08)2,

2Sm(N03)8+24H2O

1 1 sat solution in HN03+Aq (sp gr
1 325) contains 50 04 g hydrous salt at 16°
(Jantsch )

Manganous thorium nitrate, MnTh(N03)c4-

8H20
Ppt (Meyer, Z anorg 1901, 27 388 )

Manganous nitrate cupnc oxide, Mn(NOs)2,

3CuO+3H2O
Ppt (Mailhe, C R 1902, 134 234 )

Manganous nitrate hydrazine, Mn(NOs)2,

2N*H4
Not decomp by H2O (Franzen, Z anorg

1908, 60 286 )

Mercurous nitrate, basic, 2Hg2O, N2Qs+
H20

Ppt Decomp by boiling with H20
(Marignac, A ch (3) 27 332 )

Slowly sol in cold, rapidly in hot HCl-f-Aq,
insol in NH4C1, and NHJST08+ Aq

+10H2O Slowly sol in normal HNOs
(Reuss, Dissert 1886 )

4Hg2O, 3N2054-H2O Sol in a small quan-
tity of H20, decomp by a large amt of H2O
or by warm H20 (Rose, Pogg 83 154 )

Is 3HgO, 2N205+H20 according to Ger-
hardt

+5H20 (Reuss, Dissert 1886 )

5Hg20, 3N205-f2H20 fMangnac ) Is
2Hg20, N/)6-f-H20 (Lefort, A 56 247)
Sol in boiling, less sol in cold H20 (Marig-
nac, I c )

+4H20, and +6H20 (Reuss, Dissert
1886)

8Hg20, 5N2Ofi+5H20, and +11H20
(Reuss )

HHg2O, 6N205+25H2O TReuss )

16Hg20, 9N2Ofi-f-19H2O, +23H20, and
+31H20 (Reuss )

3Hg20,N205-f-2H2O (Cox,Z anorg 1904,
40 177)

Mercurous nitrate, HgN03

Very sol in liquid NH8
Ch J 1898, 20 829 )

Fairly sol in boiling CS2
anorg 1894, 6 257 )

SI sol m benzomtnle
1914,47 1369)

Sol in methylamme (Franl 1m, J Am
Chem Soc 1906,28 1419)

+H20 Completely sol in a little warm
H2O, but decomp by more H20 Completely
sol as acid salt in H2O containing HNOs
(Mangnac, A ch (3) 27 332 )

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B

1909, 42 3790 )

+ 1V4H20, +ll/iH20, -r-W2HO, etc
(Reuss, Dissert 1896 )
Mercuric nitrate, basic, 6HgO, N^Os (?)

Insol m hot H2O (Kxne )

3HgO, N2O5-f H2O Dccomp to oxide by
washing with cold H C) Sol in dil HN03-f-
Aq (Millon, A ch (3) 18 tol )

2HgO, NjO»+H O SI deliqucscont De-
comp by H20, sol in dii HN034Aq

(Franklin, Am

(Arctowski, Z

( Naumann, B

+2H20 Decomp by cold H 0 Deli-
quescent Sol m H20 containing HNO3
(Mangnac )

+3H20 (Ditte, J B 1854 366 )

Mercunc nitrate, Hg(N03)2

Very sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am
Ch J 1898, 20 829 )

576

NITRATE, MERCUROMERCURIC

Neither dissolved nor attacked by liquid
1361)

(Frankland, Chem Soc

by lie
1901,

79

Sol in benzomtnle (Naumann, B 1914,
47 1369)

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4328)

Difficultly sol in ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910,43 314)

Sol m methylal (Eidmann, C C 1899
II, 1014 )

-j-J-iEaO Deliquescent Very sol in a
little &20 H20 precipitates basic salt from
cone Hg(N08) +Aq Insol in alcohol
Decomp by ether (Millon )

+H20 Extraordinarily sol in H20
(Cox, Z anorg 1904, 40 159 )

H-8H20 Melts at 6° in crystal H20
(Ditte)

Mercuromercuric nitrate, Hg20, 2HgO, N20«
Boihng H20 gradually dissolves out

Hg2(N03)2, and leaves residue of HgO and

Bg (Brooks, Pogg 66 63 )
2Hg20, HgO, N206+H20 (Ray, Chem

Soc 1905, 87 175 )
Hg20, 2HgO, N206+H20 (Ray )

Mercurous hydrogen nitrate, 4HgNOs, HN03

+8H20

(Reuss, Dissert 1886)
5HgN03, 3HNOS+26H20 (Reuss )

Mercuric silver nitrate, Hg(N08)2, 2AgNO3

Easily sol in H20 without decomp (Ber-
zelius )

Mercurous strontnam nitrate, 2SrO, 2Hg20,
3N205

Decomp by H20 Much more sol in H20
than the corresponduig Ba compound

Readilv sol in warm dil HN03-f Aq or
Hg2 ( NO 3) 2 + Aq without decomposition
(Stadeler, A 87 131 )

Mercurous thallous nitrate, HgN03, T1N08

Miscible with H20 (Retgers, N Jahrb
Miner, 1896 II, 183 )

Mercuric nitrate bromide, Hg(NO3)2, HgBr2
(Morse, Z phys Ch 1902, 41 733 )

Mercuric nitrate cadmium oxide, Hg(N03)2)

CdO+2H20

Ppt (Mailhe, Bull Soc 1901, (3) 25 788 )
+3H2O Decomp by H2O (Mailhe )

Mercuric nitrate cobaltous oxide, Hg(N03)2,

CoO+3H20

Ppt (Mailhe, C R 1901, 132 1275 )
•f 4H20 Decomp by H2O (Mailhe, A

ch 1902, f7) 27 369 )

Mercuric nitrate cupnc oxide, Hg(N08)

CuO+2H20, and +4H2O
(Mailhe, Bull Soc 1901, (3) 25 791 )
+5H20 Decomp by H2O (Mailhe, I

ch 1902, (7) 27 365 )

Mercuric nitrate cyanide, Hg(NO8)2,

Hg(CN)2

Very sol in H20 Very sol m methyl a
cohol and solution is not decomp at bp
Ethyl alcohol apparently decomp it (Prui
sia, Gazz ch it 1898, 28 (2) 115 )

Mercurous nitrate hydrazine, 2HgN08, N2H

Decomp by H20 Stable m dil HN08
Aq solution (Hofmann and Marburg, 1
1899, 305 215 )

Ppt , very unstable (Hofmann, B 189'
30 2021 )

Hg(N08)2, N2H4 Sol m dil HC1 ar
HNOs (Hofmann and Marburg, A 189(
305 215)

Ppt , sol in acids, decomp by alkal
(Hofmann, B 1897, 30 2021 )

Mercuric nitrate iodide, Hg(NO8)2, 2HgI2
Decomp by long boiling with H2O (Rii

gel, Jahrb Pharm 11 396)
2Hg(N03)2, 3HgI2 Easily decomp b

H20 , less easily by alcohol or ether (Riegel
Hg(N08)2, Hgl2 Decomp very quick]

by HN03+Aq or alcohol of 0814 sp g

CSouville, J Pharm 26 474 )

Mercuric nitrate manganous oxide, Hg(N08)
MnO+2H20

Decomp by H20 (Mailhe, Bull So
1901, (3) 25 790 )

+ 3H20 (Mailhe )

+4H20 (Mailhe, A ch 1902, (7) 2i
370)

Mercuric nitrate nickel oxide, Hg(NO3)2, Ni1

+2H20

(Mailhe, Bull Soc 1901, ( J) 25 788 )
-f 4H20 Decomp by H2O (Miilhe, 7

ch 1902, (7) 27 369 )

Mercurous nitrate phosphate, HgNO3,
O

InsoJ m HaO, but decomp by boiling thcr
with Insol in H3P04+ \q or alcohol Con
pletely sol m hot NH4Cl-|-\q Decomp b
cold KOH+Aq, and warm K2CO34-A<
(Wittstein )

2HgN08, HgoO, 5Hg3P04+H20 (HaacI
A 262 192)

Mercuric nitrate silver bromide, Hg(NOs)
AgBr

(Morse, Z phys Ch 1902, 41 733 )

NITRATE, NICKEL

577

Mercuric nitrate silver cyanide, basic.

Hg(OH)N08, AgCN+2H20
(Schmidt, Z anorg 1895, 9 431 )
Hg(OH)N08, 5Ag20, 20AgCN+7H20

(Schmidt )

Mercunc nitrate silver iodide, Hg(N08)2,

Decomp by H20 (Preuss, A 29 328 )

Mercunc nitrate sulphide, Hg(N08)2, 2HgS
Very si sol in hot H20 Insol in HN08+

Aq Decomp by hot H2SO4 or aqua regia,

also by hot HCl+Aq (Barfoed, J pr 93

230)
Sol in aqua regia (Demges, Bull Soc

1915, (4) 17 355 )
2Hg(N03)2, HgO, 6HgSH-12H20 Insol

m H20, and HNO8+Aq of 1 2 sp gr (Grainp,

J pr (2) 14 299 )

Mercuric nitrate zinc oxide, Hg(N08)2, ZnO+

H2O

Ppt Decomp by H20 (Mailhe, C R
1901,132 1274)

Molybdenum nitrate, Mo208, N20fi (?)
Sol indil HN084-Aq (Berzehus )
MoO2, 2N2O5 (?) Sol in dil HN08+Aq

(Berzelms )

Neodymium nickel nitrate, 2Nd(N08)8,

3Ni(NO3)2+24H20

1 1 sat solution m HN03-f Aq (sp gr
1 325) contains 116 6 g hydrous salt at 16°
(Jantsch, Z anorg 1912, 76 303 )

Neodymium rubidium nitrate, [Nd(N03)5]B.b2

+4H20

Hydroscopic (Jantsch, Z anorg 1911
69 230 )

Neodymium zinc nitrate, 2Nd(N08)8,

3Zn(NO3)2+24H20

1 1 sat solution in HN08-j-Aq (sp gr
1 325) contains 177 g hydrous salt at 16°
(Jantsch )

Nickel nitrate, basic

Insol m HjO (Proust )

SNiO, 2N205+5H2O Insol m cold or hot
H 0 (Habermann, M 5 432 )

5NiO, N2O6+4H2O Not decomp by boil-
ing H20 (Rousseau and Tite, C R 114
1184)

Nickel nitrate, Ni(NO8)2
Solubility m H20 See +3, 6, and 9H20
Sp gr of aqueous solution at 17 5 contain
ing

5 10 15 20 %Ni(N08)

10463 10903 11375 11935

25 30 35 40 % Ni(N03)2

12534 13193 13896 14667

(Franz, J pr (2) 6 295 )

Sp gr of Ni(N08)2+Aq containing g
^(NOsjjs (anhydrous) in 1000 g H2O at
-44°

>1 5g ( = ^mol)1832745 369 4605 549
073 1 141 1 205 1 266 1 324 1 378

(Gerlach, Z anal 28 468 )

Sp gr of Ni(N03)2+Aq at room temp
Bontaimng

16 493 30 006 40 953% Ni(NO8)2
1 1363 1 2776 1 3879
(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 269 )

Sp gr of Ni(NO8)2+Aq at 25°

Concentration of
Ni(NO*)s+Aq

1-nonnal

Vr- "
Vr- "

Vr- "

Sp gr

1 0755
1 0381
1 0192
1 0096

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 39 )

Sp gr at 20° of Ni(N08)2+Aq containing
M g mols of salt per liter
M 001 0025 005 0075
Sp gr 1 001521 1 003882 1 007792 1 011541

M 01 025 05 075

Sp gr 1 015307 1 03837 1 07611 1 11310

M 10 15 20

Sp gr 1 14562 1 22134 1 29459

(Jones and Pearce, Am Ch J 1907, 38 720 )

Sol in liquid NH8 (Guntz, Bull Soc
1909 (4)5 1008)

Moderately sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin,
Am Ch J 1898, 20 828 )

Solubility m glycol=7 5% (de Comnck,
C C 1905,11 1234)

Insol m benzomtnle (Naumann, B 1914,
47 1370)

-f 3H20 Solubility in H20

Sat solution contains at
58° 60° 64° 70°

6161 6199 6276 63 95% Ni(NO3)2,

90° 95° mpt
7016 77 12% Ni(N08)2

(Funk, Z anorg 1899, 20 411 )

+6H20 Not deliquescent m dry air Sol
in 2 pts cold H2O and in alcohol (Tupputi )

Mpt of Ni(N03)2-h6H20=5670 (Ord-
way, Tilden, Chem Soc 45 409 )

Sat solution boils at 136 7° (Ordway )

Solubility in H20

Sat solution contains at
_21° —125° —10° —6°
3994 4159 4211 43 00% Ni(NO8)2,

0° +20° 41° 56 7° mpt
4432 4906 5522 6276% Ni(NO8)2
(Funk, Z anorg 1899, 20 410 )

578

NITRATE, NICKEL PRASEODYMIUM

Sat solution of Ni(NO8)2+6H20 contains
44 3% Ni(N08)2 at 0°, and 48 7% Ni(N08)2
at 18° (Myhus, Z anorg 1912, 74 411 )

Sp gr of Ni(NO«)i+ Aq containing in 1000
g E20 at 244°, g Ni(NOs)2+6H20
145 5 g ( = 1A mol ) 291 436 5 582
1069 1128 1179 1224

7275 873 10185 1164

1264 1299 1329 1357

f Gerlach, Z anal 28 468 )

Sol in NE4OH-f Aq

Insol in absolute alcohol

SI sol in acetone (Krug and M'Elroy )

Difficultly sol in methyl acetate (Nau-
mann,B 1909,42 3790)

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1910,43 314)

+9H20 Solubility in H20

Sat solution contains at
—23° —21° —10 5°
39 02 39 48 44 13% Ni(N03)2

Cryohydrate is formed at —27° (Funk,
Z anorg 1899, 20 411 )

tar -t«.i ««-««seodymium nitrate, 3Ni(N08)2,
8)8+24H20

solution m HNOs+Aq (sp gr
tains 9 28 g hydrous salt at 16°
^a, Z anorg 1912, 76 303 )

Nickel samarium nitrate, 3Ni(NOs)2,

2Sm(N03)3+24H20

1 1 sat solution m HN08+Aq (sp gr
1 325) contains 29 11 g hydrous salt at 16°
(Jantsch )

Nickel thorium nitrate, NiTh(N08)6+8H20
Sol in HNOs+Aq (Meyer, Z anoig
1901,27 387)

Nickel uranyl nitrate, 10Ni(N08)2,

3(U02)(N08)2

Sol in HssO and acids, msol m aq alkali
(Lancien, C C 1912, 1 208 )

.Nickel nitrate ammonia, Ni(N03)2, 4NH3-f-

2H2O

Efflorescent Easily sol in cold H20,
'decomp by boiling Insol in alcohol
(Erdmann, J pr 97 395, Ephraim, B 1913,
46 3106 )

(Andr<§, C R 106 936)

Nickel nitrate chloride ammonia, 6Ni(N08)2,

NiCl2, 30NH3-|-16H20
Sol in H20 with decomp (Schwarz, W
A B 1860 272 )

.Nickel nitrate cupnc oxide, Ni(N08)2, 3CuO +

3H20
Ppt (Maihle, C R 1902, 134 234 )

Nickel nitrate hydrazine, Ni(N08)2, 3N2H

Insol in H20 Decomp by hot H »
Easily sol in dil acids (Franzen, Z anc ,
1908, 60 267 )

Palladium nitrate, basic, Pd(N03)2, 31 3

Ppt Insol mlt-jO (Kane)
Palladium nitrate, Pd(N03)2-f sH20

Very dehquescent, and sol in H2O 3-
comp by much B^O or alcohol (Kane )

Decomp by cold or hot H2O (Rose, A 3
143)

Platmic nitrate, Pt(N03)4 (?)

Known only m solution, which is deco p
on evaporating (Berzelius )

Pt(NOs)i, 3Pt02+5H2O Insol in I 3
(Prost, Bull Soc (2) 46 156 )

Platinum nitrate sulphocarbamide, Pt(N( i*

4CS(NH2)2

Very sol in H20 Unstable (Kurnoi ir,
J pr 1894, (2) 50 490 )

Potassium nitrate, KN"03

Not dehquescent, but, according to Mu] r,
100 pts KN08 under a bell jar with H2O ke
up 339 pts H2O in 22 days, and small amo its
finally deliquesce completely
Sol in H20 with absorption of heat
16 pts KN03+100 pts H2O at 13 2° 1< ei
the temperature 10 2° If the initial tern IE
23° it falls to 12 8°, if 0° it does not fall b )w
— 2 7°, which is the freezing-point of he
mixture (Rudorff, Pogg 136 276 )

KNOa+Aq sat at 18 1 has 1 1601 sp #r anc on
tains 22 72% KNO3 or 100 pts H2O at IS 1° di lv<
29 45 pts KNOs (Rarsten 1840)

Sol m 3 745 pts H2O at 15° (Gerlach )

Sol in 3 pts HaO at 21 (Schiff A 109 *2</ me
solution has 1 1083 sp gr

Sol m 3 pts cold and 0 5 pt boiling HO ( >ur
croy )

KNOs+Aqsat at 18 has sp ^r 1 1 »1 aridioi im*
21 63% KNOs or 100 pts HJ() dissolve 27 M pts
KNOs at 18° T i >

Sol m 4 pts HA) ai 10 and 0 2 > pt at b pt Rif
fault )

100 pts HaO at 114 >° dissolve 281 (>1 ptH (C rii hs

Sol m 7 pts cold and 1 pt boiling HjO ert
mann )

Sol m 6 15 pts cold H2O at 18 7 >° (Abl )

100 pts H2O at 15 5 dissolve 2f> (> pts ut 10f 10(
pts (Ure s Dictionary )

KNOs-fAq sat at 10° contains 33 1 /0 (1 IU i

KNOs+Aq sat in the cold contains 2j/(J our
croy)

KNOa+Aq sat at 12 5 contains 24 8 ^ (H sen
f ratz )

Solubility of KN03 m 100 pts H2O t°

t°

Pts KNOs

t

Its ] JO

0
5
11 67
17 91
24 94

13 2
16 7
22 2
29 3
38 4

45 10
54 72
65 45
79 72
97 66

7 7
9 1
12 5
16 2
23 4

(Gay-Lussac, A ch 11 314 )

NITRATE, POTASSIUM

579

Solubility of KN03 m 100 pts H20 at t°

t°

Pts KNOs

16 0
29
44 2

26 7
43 5
71 4

(Nordenskj old, Pogg 136 312)

100 pts H20 dissolve at
10° 18° 27° 41° 53°
21 2 27 9 40 1 66 3 93 3 pts KN03
(Gerardm, A ch (4) 5 150 )

100 pts KN03+Aq sat at 14° contain
16 34 pts KNO3, at 15°, 18 81 pts KN03
(v Hauer, J pr 98 177 )

100 pts H20 dissolve at
4° 16 3° 68 3°
16 27 2 132 1 pts KN03
(Andreae, J pr (2) 29 456 )

Solubility m 100 pts H20 at t°

t°

Pts
KNOs

t°

Pts
KNOs

t°

Pts
KNOa

0

13 3

39

62

78

165

1

13 8

40

64

79

168

2

14 6

41

66

80

172

3

15 5

42

68

81

175

4

16 4

43

70

82

179

5

17 1

44

72

83

182

6

17 8

45

74

84

185

7

18 5

46

76

85

189

8

19 3

47

78

86

192

9

20 2

48

81

87

196

10

21 1

49

83

88

199

11

22 0

50

86

89

203

12

23 0

51

88

90

206

13

24 0

52

91

91

210

14

25 0

53

93

92

214

15

26 0

54

96

93

218

16

27 0

55

98

94

222

17

28 1

56

101

95

226

18

29 1

57

103

96

230

19

30 2

5S

106

97

234

20

31 2

59

108

98

238

21

32 1

60

111

99

243

22

33 5

61

113

100

247

23

34 7

62

116

101

252

24

36 0

63

119

102

256

25

37 3

64

121

103

261

26

38 0

65

124

104

266

27

40 0

66

127

105

272

28

41 4

67

130

106

278

29

42 9

68

133

107

284

30

44 5

69

136

108

289

31

46 0

70

139

109

295

32

48

71

142

110

301

33

50

72

146

111

307

34

52

73

149

112

313

35

54

74

152

113

319

36

56

75

155

114

326

37

58

76

159

114 1

327 4

38

60

77

162

(Mulder, Scheik Verhandel 1864 89 )

100 pts H20 dissolve 493 pts KNO3 at
125° (Tilden and Shenstone, Phil Trans
1884 23 )

Bhombohedral KNO3 is more easily soluble
than the prismatic, and easily forms super-
saturated solutions (Frankenheirn )

Sat KN03 -fAq contains at

1-39° 158° 160° 175° 180°

798 837 839 840 842%KNO3

190° 215° 225° 258° 283°
860 890 904 916 96 5% KNO3
(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 526 )

Solubility in 100 pts H20 at t°

0 40
14 90
30 80
44 75
6005
76

91 65
114*

13 43

25 78

47 52

74 50

111 18

156 61

210 20

311 64

Sp grt°/4°

0817
1389
2218
3043
3903
4700
5394
6269

* B -pt of sat solution
(Berkeley, Phil Trans 1904, 203, A 189 )

100 g H20 dissolve 37 79 g KNO3 at 25°

100 g H,0 dissolve 3 08 g equiv KNO3
at 20°, 3 27 at 21 5° (Euler, Z phys Ch
1904.49 312)

1 1 H20 dissolves 38448 g KNO3 at 25°
(Armstrong and Eyre, Proc Roy Soc 1910,
A, 84 123 )

1 1 sat KNOs-f Aq contains 2 8 g mols
KN08 (Rosenheim and Wemheber, Z
anorg 1911, 69 263 )

100 g H20 dissolve 38 485 g KN03 at 25°
(Haigh, J Am Chem Soc 1912, 34 1148 )

Sat KNOs-}-Aq contains at
50° 58° 62° 68°

46 39 51 55 53 64 57 04% KN03
(Tschugaeff, Z anorg 1914, 86 160 )

Solubility m H20

100 g of the sat solution contain at
9 1° 21 1° 35°
16 76 24 77 35 01 g KN03
(Fmdlay, Chem Soc 1914, 105 780 )

Sp gr of solution sat at 15° = 1 134
(Michel and Krafft )

Sp gr of solution sat at 16° = 1 138
(Stolba, J pr 97 503 )

Sp gr of solution sat at 18° = 1 1601, and
contains 29 45% KN03 (Karsten )

Sp gr of KN03+Aq at 19 5°

% KNOs

Sp gr

% KN03

Sp gr

4 871
9 618
14 044

1 0307
1 0618
1 0920

17 965
21 488

1 1198
1 1457

(Kremers, Pogg 95 120 )

580

NITRATE, POTASSIUM

Sp gr of KNOs-f-Aq at 21°

Sp gr of KNOs+Aq

at 25°

% KNOs

Sp gr

% KNOa

Sp gr

Concentration of
KNOsH-Aq

Sp gr

1

2
3

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

1 0058
1 0118
1 0178
1 0239
1 0300
1 0363
1 0425
1 0490
1 0555
1 0621
1 0686
1 0752

13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

1 0819
1 0887
1 0956
1 1026
1 1097
1 1169
1 1242
1 1316
1 1390
1 1464
1 1538
1 1613

1-normal
Vr- "

V«- "
Vr- "

1 0605
1 0305
1 0161
1 0075

(Wagner,

Sp gr

p=per cent
served density

percc (Jj^—1

Z phys Ch IS

3f KNOa-1-Aq a
strength of s<

90, 5 37 )

bt 20 1°

>lution, d= >-
3onc in gra s

(Sduff, A 110 75 )
Sp gr of KN03+Aq at 15°

, w— volume <

')

% KNOs

Sp gr

% KNOs

Sp gr

p

d

w

1
2
3

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

1 00641
1 01283
1 01924
1 02566
1 03207
1 03870
1 04534
1 05W
1 05861
1 06524
1 07215

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

1 07905
1 08596
1 09286
1 09977
1 10701
1 11426
1 12150
1 12875
1 13599
1 14361

25 54
21 95
17 88
13 93
8 706
5 393
4 389
2 848
2 030
0 741

1 1783
1 1510
1 1200
1 0913
1 0553
1 0331
1 0264
1 0165
1 0113
1 0030

0 30095
0 25270
0 20033
0 15203
0 09186
0 05571
0 04506
0 02895
0 02053
0 00743

(Gerlach, Z anal 8 286 )
Sp gr of KNOs-f-Aq at 17 5°

(Barnes, J Phys Chem 1898, 2 544 )

Sp gr 20°/4° of a normal solution of Kl> )3
= 1 05954, of a 0 5 normal solution - 1 029 3
(Haigh, J Am Chem Soc 1912, 34 1151

Sp gr of sat KNOs+Aq at t°

K$>, SP *' K&>,

SP*r K&, Spgr

1 1 006 8
2 1 012 9
3 1 019 10
4 1 025 11
5 1 032 12
6 1 038 13
7 1 045 14

1 051 15 1 099
1 058 16 1 106
1 065 17 1 113
1 072 18 1 120
1 078 19 1 127
1 085 20 1 134
1 092

t°

G KNOs HO! in
100 K HJ<>

**>P <sr

(Hager, Comm 1883 )
Sp gr ofKNO3+Aqafcl8°

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70

H 27

20 89
31 59
45 85
63 90
85 51
109 00
138 00

1 OS4
1 120
1 l()l
1 212
1 2S2
1 339
1 403
1 446

% KNOs

Sp gr

% KNOs

Sp gr

5
10
15

1 0305
1 0632
1 097

20
22

1 133

1 148

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

Sp gr of KNOs+Aq at 20°, containing mols
KN03 in 100 mols H2O

(Tschernaj, J Russ Phys Chem boc 1( 2,
44 1565)

The saturated solution boils at 114 1° (ft il-
der), 114 5° (Griffiths), 115 9° (Legrand, < >r-
ardin), 117° (Magnus), 118° (Kremers), 6*
(Le Page)
The saturated solution forms a cms at
111°, and boils at 115°, highest temp b-
served, 115 3° (Gerlach, Z anal 26 426

Mols
KNOs

Sp gr

Mols
KNOa

Sp gr

0 5
1
2

1 01730
1 03373
1 06524

4
5

1 12264
1 14888

(Nicol, Phil Mag (5) 16 122 )

NITRATE, POTASSIUM

581

B -pt of KNO+Ag containing pts KM)8 to
100 pts H20 G = according to Gerlach
(Z anal 26 444), L = according to
Legrand (A ch (2) 62 426)

B pt

G

L

B pt

G

L

100 5°

7 5

107°

120 5

119 0

101

15 2

12 2

108

141 5

140 6

101 5

23

109

164

163 0

102

31

26 4

110

188 5

185 9

102 5

39

111

215

209 2

103

47 5

42 2

112

243

233 0

103 5

56

113

274

257 6

104

64 5

59 6

114

306

283 3

104 5

73

115

338 5

310 2

105

82

78 3

115 9

335 1

106

101

98 2

1 pt KNOs dissolves in 1 4 pts HN08, at
20° in 3 8 pts , and at 123° in 1 pt HN08+ Aq
of!423sp gr (Composition 2HN03,3H20)
(Schultz, Zeit Ch (2) 6 531 )

Solubility of KN08 in HN08 at 0°

Sol in sat NE4Cl+Aq Solution thus
obtained contains 43 07 pts mixed salts, or
100 pts H2O dissolve 75 66 pts mixed salts,
viz 38 62 pts KN08 and 39 84 pts NH4C1
Karsten) See also under NH4C1

Solubility of KNOs-f K2COS and KHCO5
in H20, see under K2C03 and KHCOs

Sol m sat BaCl2+Aq with pptn of
Ba(N03)2

Sol in sat NE4N08+Aq, at first without
pptn , but afterwards NE^NOs is pptd (Kar-
iten)

Sol m NE4N08+Aq with pptn of
NH4N08 (Rudorff, B 6 485 )

See also under NB^NOa

Sol in sat Ba(NO3)2+Aq, but soon a
double salt separates (Karsten )

See also under Ba(N08)2

Sol in Ca(N08)2+Aq (Longchamp )

See also under Ca(N08)2

Sol in sat Pb(N08)2+Aq without pptn

100 pts H2O dissolve 119 6 pts Pb(N08)2
and 67 1 pts KN08 at 21 2° (Rudorff, B 6
484) See also under Pb(N08)2

G per 100 cc solution

Sp gr

Solubility in AgN03+Aq at t°

KNOs

HNOa

t°

Sat solution contains

12 65

0 00

1 079

% KNOs

% AgNOs

% total salt

10 02

3 71

8 38
7 49
7 49
7 68
10 42
28 64

8 38
13 58
19 47
30 04
42 86
75 95

1 093
1 117
1 144
1 202
1 289
1 498

—7
—7 5
—4
+20
33
34
36

10 5
10 5
11 3
23 6
26 3
27 3
29 4

39 4
40 5
42 5
46 4
50 9
51 1
52 0

4=y y
51 0
53 8
70 0
77 2
78 4
81 4

(Engel,

C R , 1887, 104 913 )

38
46

SI 7
82 3

Solubility in HN03+Aq

54

RA

33 1

55 0
55 8

88 1

Solution
temp

Y&T

Solid phase

61
68

34 3

54 6

89 5

88 9

—6°

24 4

KN03, 2HN03(solution in
HNO8) (stable)

96
105
142

37 8
38 5
41 5

55 4
55 6
55 8

93 2

94 1
97 3

+14 0

32 e

17 0

34 8

"

(fitard, A ch 1894, (7)

3 286,

)

19 5

37 2

22 0
21 5
21 5

44 5
47 8
48 6

(mpt )
(Solution m KN03) (labile)

Solubility of mixed crystals of KNO8 and
\gN03 mH20 at 25°

20 0
— 40

50 9
37 2

A A K.

KN03, HN03 (labile)

G perl

Mg mo Is per 1

Mol %
AgNOs

Mol %
AgNOs
in solid

+16 5
22 5

44 5
47 2

(stable)

AgNOs

RNOs

AgNOs

KNOs

tion

phase

23 5
25 5
27 0
29 0
30 5
21 0
39 0
50 0

47 8
48 6
49 4
50 1
50 9
49 4
50 9
51 7

u

(labile)

KN03(labile)
(stable)

45 9
110 7
176 8
259 6
365 6
507 9
745 9

321 8
322 6
333 7
364 0
456 4
387 2
398 6

270

6513
1040
1258
2151
2988
4388

3180
3184
3298
3597
4511
3816
3960

7 83
16 96
23 97
29 81
32 28
43 85
57 70

0 2S96
0 6006
0 9040
1 054
1 604
2 439
8 294

(Groschuff, Z anorg 1904, 40 10 )

(Herz, Z Kryst Mm 1897, 28 405 )

582

NITRATE, POTASSIUM

Solubility of KNOa+AgNOs at 30°

Solubility of KNO<,+NaN03 in H20 at 10°

Composition of the
solution

Sohd phase

In 1000 com H2O

Solid phase

NaNOs

KNOs

% KNOs

% AgNOs

805 0
848 3

301 9

208 9

NaN08
NaN08, KN08
KNO?

0
5 53
11 22
13 44
17 38
25 05
25 00
26 58
29 22
30 45
31 30

73 0

71 65
69 01
65 08
57 85
46 32
46 45
39 09
23 59
11 51
0

AgNOa

AgNOa+AgNOa, KN08
AgNO^KNO,

KNOa+ AgNOa, KNOa

KNOa

t(

tt
ti

(Kremann and Zitek, M 1909, 30 325 )
Solubility of KN03+NaN03 in H20 at 24 2°

In 1000 com HaO

Solid phase

NaNOs

KNOs

913 58
$10 60
1019 65
1018 40
931 30
346 70

123 60
435 85
437 70
422 00
390 00
377 35

NaNOa

u

NaNOa, KNOa
u

KNO?

tt

tt

(Schrememakers, Z phys Ch 1909, 66 576 )

KNOa+NaNOs
100 pts H2O dissolve 34 53 pts KNOs and
91 16 pts NaNOs at 15 6°, and solution has
sp gr = 1 478 (Page and Keightley )
100 pts KNOg+NaNOs+Aq sat at 14°
contain 52 17 pts of the two salts, sat at 13°
contain 53 15 pts of the two salts (v Hauer )
100 pts H20 dissolve at 18 75° 29 45 pts
KN08 and 89 53 pts NaN08, if sat KN08+
Aq is treated with NaN08, and 35 79 pts
KN08 and 88 00 pts NaN08 by the opposite
process 134 38 pts of the two salts are dis-
solved if a mixture of the salts is treated with
H20 at 18 75° (Karsten )
100 pts H2O dissolve 39 34 pts KNO3 and
94 60 pts NaNOa, or 133 94 pts of the two
salts at 20° (Nicol, Phil Mag (5) 13 385 )

(Kremann and Zitek )
Solubility of KN03+NaN03 in H20 at 25e

% KNOs

% NaNOa

Solid phase

38 70
41 60
46 35
39 08
20 98

39 62
66 31
100 10
98 99
94 44

KN03

if

KNOa+NaNO3

NaN03

c(

(Uyeda, Mem Col Sc Kioto, 1910, 2 245
Solubility in NaN08+Aq at 20°, 30°, 40

Solubility of mixtures of KN08 and NaN03

V

Total amt

%

NaNOs m
mixture
before
solution

mixed
salts dis
solved in
100 pts
HaO at 20

Pts
NaNOa
dis
solved

Pts
KNOs
dis
solved

NaNOs m
mixture
after solu
tion and
evap to
dryness

100

86 8

86 8

0

100

90

109 6

96 4

13 2

88

80

136 5

98 0

38 5

71 8

70

136 3

60

137 6

90 0

47 6

65 4

50

106 1

66 0

40 1

62 2

45 7*

88 0

53 3

34 7

606

40

81 1

45 6

35 6

562

30

73 5

20

54 1

20 8

33 3

38 5

10

40 9

9 4

31 5

22 9

0

33 6

0

33 6

0

and 91° Data, given in the original, sho\
that each salt increases the solubility of th
other (Leather, Mem Dept Agric India
1914, 3 177, Chem Soc 1915, 108 (2), 13 )
100 pts H2O dissolve 2892 pts KNOa
53 68 pts NaNOa, and 26 44 pts NaCl a
15 6°, and solution has sp gr = 1 44 (Pag
and Keightley, Chem Soc (2) 10 560 )

Solubility of KN03+NaN03-|-NaCl m H2(
at 25°

Klfos

NatfOs

Na°Cl

Solid phase

38 44
38 5/
42 55

17 77
28 08
'44 72

22 87
44 40
63 26
61 12
62 92
82 82

32 58
27 67
23 59
23 94
23 70
9 56

NaCl+KN03

if

NaN03, KN03+NaC

t

u

* NaNOa +KNOS

(Carnelley and Thomson, Chem
782)

(Uyeda, Mem Col Sc Kioto, 1910, 2 245

KN08+Sr(N03)2

11 H20sat with both salts at 25° contain
Soc 53 552 g KN03+1074 g Sr(N08)2 (Le Blan
and Noyes, Z phys Ch 1890, 6 386 )

NITRATE, POTASSIUM

58S

Solubility of KN-08+Sr(N08)2 at t°

Solid phase

KNOs+KCl

100 pts H2O dissolve pts of the two salts

20

22 90
21 70
21 01
19 60
19 49
19 69
17 56
12 65
10

5 49

9 17

17 10

31 24

34 91

39 56

40 37

41 12
40 70

KN08

KN03+Sr(]S108)2, 4H20
8r(NO,),, 4H20

KNOs

KC1

At 12 9°

18 8
28 5

At 15 3°

18 9
29 8

40

3026
26 90
22 50
11 19
0

23 70
38 52
40 22
44 19

47 7

KN08

Sr(N08)2, 4H

4H20

(Findlay, Morgan and Morris, Chem Soc
1914, 105 779 )

KNO3+TIN08

100 g H20 dissolve 43 5 g T1N08+104 2 g
JKNOs at 58° (Rabe, Z anorg 1902, 31
156 )

Solubility of mixed crystals of KN03+TlNOj
in H20 at 25°

(Kopp)

100 pts H20 dissolve 315 2 pts KC1 and
19 1 pts KNOS at 20 0° (Rudorff, B 6 484 )

100 pts H2O dissolve 18 95 pts KN08+
32 84 pts KC1, or 51 79 pts of the mixed
salts at 20° (Nicol, Phil Mag (5) 31 385 )

Solubility of KC1 with addition of KN08 at
17 5°

Sp gr

G perl

TINOa

0 00
2 37
6 15
17 64
49 74
63 60
86 18
123 8
101 3
116 1

KNO8

351 0

329 0

332 4

333 7
333 3
321 0

330 5
428 3
245 1

0 0

Sp gr

1 1730
1 1980
1 2100
1 2250
1 2360
1 2390
1 2388
1 2410

1 2632
1 1903
1 1956
1 2050
1 2196
1 2436
1 2617
1 2950
1 2050
1 0964

100 com of solution contain g

KC1

29 39
27 50
27 34
26 53
25 98
25 96

25 95

26 24

HsO

87 85
85 68
84 76
83 58
82 84
82 65
82 43
82 63

KNOj

0

6 58

8 83

12 48

14 83

15 22
15 49
15 33

KNOs separated out in last four solutions

Solubility of KNO3 with addition of KC1 at
205°

Sp gr

(Herz; Z Kryst Mm 1897, 28 405 )
KN04+KBr

Solubility in KBr+Aq

1 1625
1 1700

1 litre of the solution contains

at 14 5

at 252

Mol KBr

Mol KNOa

Mol KBr

Mol KNO3

0 0

0 356
0 784
1 092
1 577
2 542
3 536

2 228
2 026

1 835
1 730
1 589
1 406
1 308

0 0
0 3S
0 93
1 37
2 08
2 87
3 55

3 217
3 026
2 689
2 492
2 216
1 958
1 807

1765
1 1895
1 1983
1 2150
1 2265
1 2400

100 com of solution contain g

KNOa

27 68

24 39
22 44
20 23
18 96
17 67
17 11
16 79

HaO

88 51
87 89
87 47
86 48
85 69
84 23
83 40
82 24

KC1

0

4 72
7 74
12 23
15 15
19 61
22 17
24 96

(Bodlander, Z phys Ch 7 359 )

(Touren, C R 1900, 130 910 )

584

NITRATE, POTASSIUM

Solubility in KCl+Aq at t°

Solubility of KCl in KN08+Aq

Sat solution contains

Conoentra Q flajt

t°

t°

tion of

Moleculai

% KNOs

% KCl

% total salt

%mol perl ll H2°

solubility

—11 4

4 0

18 4

22 4

0°

0

283 55

3 81

—11

3 9

18 1

22 0

'

•Uf

284 25

3 81

—10

3 8

18 6

22 5

i

Yz

283 60

3 81

—4

19 7

t

1

287 60

3 86

+2 5

6 3

19 9

26 2

25°

0

364 15

4 89

4 5

7 3

20 7

28 0

'

V

365 00

4 90

4 5

7 8

19 8

27 6

c

Y*

361 65

4 86

8 5

7 9

20 9

28 8

'

i

358 80

4 81

10 5

1 o e

8 4
8r\

21 0

O1 Q

29 4

Oft T

(

1^

355 20

4 77

lo o
14

y
10 2

Jl 0

21 3

ou 7
31 5

(Armstrong and Eyre, Proc R Soc

(A) 191

17

9 7

22 6

32 3

84

127)

23

12 5

21 8

34 3

27

14 9

21 3

36 2

29

16 1

21 0

37 1

Solubility in KCl+Aq at 20°, 30°, 40° ar

34
36

18 Q
18 9

21 2

21 6

39 3
40 5

91° Data? given in the original, show thf
each salt diminishes the solubility in HiO <

37 5
39
42 5

19 2

21 0
21 8

21 6
21 0
20 9

40 8
42 0
42 7

the other (Leather, Mem Dept Agric Indii
1914, 3 177 Chem Soc 1915, 108 (2) 13 )
KN03-fNaCl

48

25 3

20 3

45 6

NaCl is sol in sat KNO3-|-Aq, and tl

50
52

28 3

20 8
20 2

49 1

mixed solution is capable of dissolving mo
KNOs An amount of H20, which, wh«

53

48 7

pure, could only dissolve 100 pts KNO3, cs

56

29 5

19 5

49 0

in this way be made to take up 152 64 pt

£1

34 5
35 4

18 3

52 8

(Longchamp, A ch (2) 9 8 )
Sol msat NaCl+Aq

40 5

17 3

57 8

81
85

47 1
48 2

15 4
15 3

62 5
63 5

100 pts

H20 dissolve

90

52 8

13 3

66 1

96

54 1

12 6

68 7

]

Longchamp

Rudorff

Page ai
Keightl

97

56 6

12 4

69 0

4°

14° 18°

15 6°

104

59 9

10 8

70 7

(1)

(2) (3)

(4)

105
120

69 6

10 9

7 7

77 3

NaCl

35 96

38 5 38 9

39 5t

120

69 1

7 6

76 7

KN03

26 01

28 7 36 1

32 3

(Etard, A ch 1894, (7) 3 285 )

61 97

67 2 75 0

71 8<

Karstcn

1» 7*

Muldd

Solubility in KCl+Aq

At b pt

(5)

<b) (7)

1 litre of the solution contains at

NaCl

36 53

38 25 39 19

37 c

145°

at 252

KN03

33 12

29 45 38 53

306 /

Mol KCl

Mol KN03

Mol KCl

Mol KNOs

69 65

67 70 77 72

344 C

0 0

2 228

0 0

3 217

0 182
0 424
0 880
1 778
2 204
2 635
3 172

2 172
2 057
1 830
1 576
1 515
1 423
1 355

0 26
0 66
1 35
2 08
2 78
3 04

3 086
2 853
2 510
2 218
2 015
1 946

1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 Both salts in excess
5 Sat NaCl+Aq treated with KNO3
6 Sat KNOs +Aq treated with NaCl
7 The two salts simultaneously treate
with H20
100 pts H2O dissolve 31 44 pts KNO3, 13
pts KCl, and 38 58 pts NaCl at 15 6°, an

solution

nas sp

gr =H3 (J

Jage an

(Touren, C R 1900, 130 909 )

Keightley )

NITRATE, POTASSIUM

585

Solubility in NaCl-j-Aq at t°

without pptn , but K2SO4 is afterwards pptd
(Karsten )

100 pts H2O dissolve

t°

Sat solution contains

% KNOs

% NaCl

% total salt

—22

—19 5
—15 5

7 3
7 9
8 7
10 1
10 9
12 7
12 9
16 6
19 0
19 8
18 9
20 4

21 8
20 7

24 7
25 0
25 9
26 7
27 9
29 8
31 1
38 5
39 4
40 9
49 7
53 9
54 8
57 4
61 4
64 7
70 0
69 9
71 3
72 2
73 8
73 6
72 9
73 0
74 2
75 7
77 7
80 7
79 1

22 5
22 6
22 1
22 5
23 0
23 3
23 8
22 8
22 8
22 0
22 5
22 3
21 2
20 7
22 3

20 7
20 2
20 2
20 7
202
19 5
20 0
16 5
17 1
15 3
14 0
13 6
12 9
12 6
10 4
9 5
9 0
9 3
8 4
9 0
8 0
7 9
8 8
7 6
7 Q
7 6
7 6
5 8
5 9

29 8
30 5
31 8
32 6
33 9
36 0
36 7
39 4
41 8
41 8
41 5
42 7

42 5
43 0
45 0
45 4
45 2
46 1
47 4
48 1
49 3
51 1
55 0
56 5
56 2
63 7
67 5
67 7
70 0
71 8
74 2
79 0
79 2
79 7
81 2
81 8
81 5
81 7
80 6
82 1
83 3
85 3
86 5
85 0

Mulder
1875°

CD

Karsten K°PP

Mulder

—7
—6
—1
+1
+11
17
18
18
20 5
22
22
26
27
30 5
32 5
32 5
33
35
39
42 2
50
54
58 5
70
76
79
84
90
96
105
106
107
115
122
127
127
127
128
132
145
170
171

18750 "20° 40°" 1875"
(2) (3) (4) (5)

KN08 29 90
K2SO

29 42 26 9 59
40 665

35
75 10 8

2 H20 sat with KN08 and K2SO4 simul-
taneously, or to a sat solution of one salt the
other was added
3 and 4 H2O sat with both salts simul-
taneously
Mulder doubts the results of 3 and 4

Solubility in K2SO4+Aq at t°

In 100

t°

com of the solution

Sp gr of
solution

G KNOs G K2S04

15 216 5 50 7
25 308 5 47 66

1 165
1 210

(Euler, Z phys Ch 1914, 40 313 )

Slowly sol in sat Na2SO4 at first without
pptn , but afterwards K2SO4 or NaS04 sep-
arates out
Sol msat ZnS04+Aqwithpptn of double
salt (Karsten )
Sol in sat KClO8-f-Aq, fiom which solu-
tion it is not pptd by salts which would ppt
it from aqueous solution (Karsten )
Hydrazme dissolves 21 7 pts KNO8 at
12 5-13° (de Bruyn, R t c 1899, 18 297 )
Neither dissolved nor attacked by liquid
N02 (Frankland, Chem Soc 1901, 79 1361
Very sol m liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am
Ch J 1898, 20 829 )
Insol in absolute alcohol, m dilute alcohol
it dissolves proportional to the amount of II2O
present, but always less is dissolved than the
H20 would dissolve by itself (Gerardm )

(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 3 283 )

100 g H20 dissolve 41 14 g KNOS and
3825 g NaCl at 25°, 1688 g KNO3 and

39 81 g NaCl at 80° ' (Soch;' J phys Ch
1898, 2 46 )

See also under NaCl

Sol in sat CuSO44-Aq, forming a double
salt, which soon separates out

Very slowly and slightly sol in MgSO4+
Aq with pptn of MgSO4 (Karsten )

KNOS+K2S04

Sat KNOj+Aq dissolves some K2SO4, and
sat K2S04+Aq slowly dissolves some KNO3

100 pts alcohol containing % by weight of
alcohol dissolve pts KNOS at 15°

10 20 30 40 50 60 S0% alcohol
13 285 56 4328 17 04 pts KNO3

(Schiff, A 118 365)

586

NITRATE, POTASSIUM

Solubility in 100 pts alcohol at t° D = sp gr
of alcohol, S = solubility

Solubility in alcohol

Wt % alcohol

G KNOsperlOOg alcohol

D =0 9904

D =Q 9848

D ~0 9793

D =0 9726

at 30°

at 40°

t°

8

t°

S

t°

S

t°

S

0
8 25
17 0
25 7
35 0
44 9
54 3
65 0
75 6
88 0

45 6
32 3
22 4
15 1
11 4 (34 5°)
7 0
4 5
2 7
1 3
0 4

64 5
47 1
33 3
24 1
16 7
11 6 (44°)
7 2 (55°)
4 4
2 0 (76 3°)
0 6 (88 5°)

12
21
33
43
53
61
62

18 1
25 0

40 4
58 6
79 1
94 5
95 7

12
21
36
41
56

14 6
21 7
37 8
45 0
72 9

10
10
13
18
20
31
34
40
41
50
53
61
62

1020
10 19
11 74
14 52
16 35
25 81
28 63
36 66
37 20
50 14
56 01
72 24
73 36

14
25
34
44
47
60

8 8
13 6
20 3
31 3
34 2
52 3

(Bathnck, J phys Ch 1896, 1 160 )

Solubility of KNOs in ethyl alcohol+Aq a
30°

D -09573

D »0 9390

D =0 8967

D =0 8429

% by wt H20 % by wt alcohol

% by wt KNO

t°

S

t°

S

t°

S

t°

S

68 7 0
69 2 10 1
67 3 17 0
64 1 23 8
58 8 32 2
50 8 43 1
39 8 56 9
33 9 63 8
22 3 76 8
75 92 3

31 3
20 7
15 7
12 1
9 0
6 1
3 3
2 3
0 88
0 15

14
25
33
44
57
65

5 4
9 0
13 2
19 1
29 1
36 2

16
24
40
51
60
64

4 13
6 00
10 94
16 51
21 54
24 22

12
33
47
57

1 61
3 62
5 77
6 97

15
22
40
54
60

0 29
0 39
0 62
0 78
1 10

(Gerardin, A ch (4j 5 151 )
Solubility of KN03 in alcohol at 18°

fSchrememakers, Z phys Ch 1909, 65 556

i

' Solubility m ethyl alcohol at 25°

Sp gr

100 com contain g

Alcohol

Water

KNOa

S°!T?irail0mn0lf Solubility in
per 1 1UT l ' K2°

Mol
Holubihty

1 1475
1 1085
I 1010
1 0805
1 0655
1 0490
1 0375
0 9935
0 9585
0 9456
0 9050
0 8722
0 8375

3 30
5 24
8 69
14 08
16 27
19 97
28 11
37 53
42 98
51 23
61 65
69 60

89 63
87 44
86 26
83 18
77 93
76 36
72 93
64 74
54 21
48 15
27 32
24 74
13 95

25 12
20 11
18 60
16 18
14 54
12 27
10 85
6 50
4 11
3 37
1 95
0 83
0 20

0 384 48
M 368 SO
% 354 40
1 327 00

3 80
3 04
* 50
3 22

(Armstrong and Ivyre, Proc It Soc 191
(A) 84 127 )

Solubility of KNOj in methyl alcohol -f Aq
30°

% by wt HaO

% by wt akoho

/< bv wt KNC

(Bodlander, Z phys Ch 7 316 )

68 7

68 9
66 4
61 0
53 9
39 2
0 99

0

7 8
17 3
27 S
38 4
57 0
98 58

31 3
23 3
16 3
11 2

7 7
3 8
0 43

(Schrememakers, Z phys Ch 1909, 65 55f

NITRATE, POTASSIUM URANYL

587

Solubility of KNOs+AgNOs in 516%
C2H6OHH-Aq at 30°

Solubility in H O

Solution temp

%by wt
KNO,

%b\ \rt
HNO*

^c bS wt

CH*O

KN°Os

%

Ag^Os

Solid phase

mpt +22°
20 5
18 0
12 0
6 0
0

44 5
44 1
43 8
43 0
42 3
41 6

55 5
55 0
54 5
53 6
52 7
51 8

0
09
1 7
3 4
5 0
6 6

4 8
4 55
4 11
4 26
2 62
0

0
5 15
16 47
21 28
36 94
37

KN08
tt

tt

KN08+AgN08, KN08
AgN03, KNOs+AgNOa
AgN03

(Groschuff, Z anorg 1904,40 11)

(Schreinemakers, Z phys Ch 1909, 65 556 )

100 g 40% ethyl alcohol sat with KN03+
NaCl at 25° contain 13 74 g KN08+15 78 g
NaCl (Soch, J phys Ch 1898, 2 43 )

Insol in propyl alcohol (Schlamp, Z
phys Ch 1894, 14 277 )

Almost msol in ether (Braconnot )

Very si sol in acetone (Krug and
M'EJroy )

Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899 II.
1014 )

Solubility in acetone -j-Aq at 40°

Wt % acetone

G KNOsperlOOg solvent

0

64 5

8 5

51 3

16 8

38 9

25 2

22 8

34 3

24 7

44 1

17 0

53 9

11 9

64 8

7 2

76 0

3 0

87 6

0 7

(Bathnck, J phys Ch 1896, 1 160)

100 pts glycerine (sp gr 1 225) dissolve 10
pts KN03 (Vogel, N Rep Ph 16 557 )

100 g tnchlorethylene dissolve 0 01 g
KN03 at 15° (Wester and Bruins, Pharm
Weekbl 1914, 61 1443 )

Insol m CS2 (Arctowski, Z anorg 1894,
6 257)

Insol m benzomtnle (Naumann, B 1914,
47 1370)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910,43 314)

100 g H20 sat \\ith sugar and KNO3 dis-
solve 224 7 g sugar + 41 9 g KN03, or sat
solution contains 61 36 g sugar + 11 45 g
KN03 at 31 25° (Kohler, Z Ver Zuckermd
1897,47 447)

Potassium hydrogen nitrate, KN03, HN03

Very hygroscopic Decomp bv H20
(Groschuff, B 1904, 37 1489 )

Potassium cfohydrogen nitrate, KNOS, 2HN03
Decomp by H2O (Ditte, A ch (5) 18
320)

Potassium silver nitrate, KN08, AgNO8
Sol in H20 (Russell and Maskelyne, Roy

Soc Proc 26 357)
3KN08, AgN03 Sol in E,O (Rose,

Pogg 106 320)

Potassium thallic nitrate, 2KNO8, Tl(NO»)8-f

H20

Decomp by H20 (Meyer, Z anorg 1900,
24 361 )

Potassium thonum nitrate, 4KN08, Th(N03)4
Very sol in H20 and alcohol (Berzelms )
Hydroscopic, very unstable (Meyer, Z

anorg 1901,27 379)
Hydroscopic, sol m dil HXO34-Aq

(Meyer, Z anorg 1901, 27 378 )

Potassium thonum hydrogen nitrate, 3KN03,
Th(N03)4 3HN03

Decomp m the air (Mejer, B 1900, 33
2140)

+4H20 Sol in HN03 of 1 2 sp gr
Effloresces m the air ( Meyer, Z anorg
1901, 27 380 )

Potassium uranyl nitrate, K(UO )(XO3)s

Decomp by HoO Sol in cone HNO3
(Mever, B 1903, 36 4057 )

Solubiht} in HoO at t°

t

In 100 pts
of the olution

Solid phase

Ptb b\
*t UO

Pt b\
ttt K

Ft b\
\M NO

0 5

13 0
25 Oa)
b)
45 0
59 0
80 6 a)
b)

31 98

33 40
37 OS
37 06
42 IS
41 6?
43 72
43 70

1 72

2 74
4 05
3 98
5 16
6 03
6 42
6 34

23 49
23 46

Double s>alt -f-
K\O

Double salt

Potassium uranyl nitrate is decomp by
H20 at temp below 60° , above 60° it is
sol m HoO without decomp
(Rimbich, B 1904, 37 473 )

588

NITRATE BARIUM SULPHATE, POTASSIUM

Potassium, nitrate barium sulphate, KN03,

O"D Q/"\

Solubility m H2O at t°

2BaSC>4
Easily decomp Sol m cone H2S04

G PbNOs
per 100 g

G RbNOs
per 100 g

(Silberberger, M 1904,26 251)

t°

t°

Potassium nitrate phosphomolybdate

H20

Solu
tion

HaO

Sol
tic

See Phosphomolybdate nitrate, potassium

0

19 5

16 3

60

200

66

10

33 0

24 8

70

251

71

Potassium nitrate sulphate, KN08, KHS04
Decomp by H20 and alcohol ( Jacquelam )

20
30
40

53 3
81 3
116 7

34 6
44 8
53 9

80
90
100

309
375

452

75
78
81

Potassium nitrate sulphotungstate, 2KN03,

50

155 6

60 9

118 3

617

86

K2WS4 (?)

(Berkeley, Trans Roy Soc 1904, 203

Very' sol in hot or cold H20 Insol in

207)

alcohol (Berzehus )

Potassium nitrate tungstate (?)

100 pts boiling H20 dissolve 5 pts salt
(Storeys Diet , p 393 )

Potassium nitrate zinc iodide

Permanent Easily sol in H20 Insol m
alcohol (Anthon )

Praseodymium nitrate, Pr(N03)3-f6H20

Sol in H20 (von Schule, Z anorg 1898,
18 355)

Praseodymium rubidium nitrate,

[Pr(N03)5]Rb2+4H20
Hydroscopic (Jantsch, Z anorg 1911, 69
230)

Praseodymium sodium nitrate, Pr(N03)3,

2NaN03+H 0

Sol in H2O (von Schule, Z anorg 1898,
18 356 )

Praseodymium zinc nitrate, 2Pr(N03)3,

3Zn(lSIO3)2+24H2O

1 1 sat solution in HN03-f Aq (sp gr
1 325) contains 14 69 g hydrous salt at 16°
(Jantsch, Z anorg 1912, 76 321 )

Radium nitrate

Has apparently the same solubility m H2O
as the corresponding Ba comp (Curie, Dis
sert 1903)

Rhodium nitrate, Rh(N"O3)3+2H2O (?)

Deliquescent Sol in H«>O Insol in
alcohol (Glaus )

Rhodium

xiium uranyl nitrate,
2(UO3)(N03)2Rh2(NO3)6+10H2O
Sol m H20 and acids, msol m aq alkalies
(Lancien, C C 1912, 1 208 )

Rubidium nitrate, RbN03

100 pts H20 dissolve 20 1 pts at 0°, 43 5
pts at 10° (Bunsen )

100 g H20 dissolve 66 855 g RbNO8
25° (Haigh, J Am Chem Soc 1912,
1148)

Sp gr 20°/4° of a normal solution of RbN
=* 1 100835, of a 0 5 normal solution = 1 049
(Haigh, J Am Chem Soc 1912, 34 1151

Sp gr ofRbN03+Aq
G-equiv RbN03 per 1

at 18°= 05035 1 0$

Sp gr at 6°/6° 1 05342 1 10f

Sp gr at 18°/18° 1 05226 1 10

Sp gr at 30°/30° 1 05156 1 lOi

G -equiv RbN03 per 1

at 18°= 2000 268'

Sp gr at 6°/6° 1 20655

Sp gr at 18°/18° 1 20302 1 27(

Sp gr at 30/30° 1 20036 1 26

(Clausen, W Ann 1914, (4) 44 1069 )

Easily sol m HN03 (Schultz, Zeit < i
(2) 5 531 )

Sol m acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899, [
1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4328 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, J
1909,42 3790)

Rubidium hydrogen nitrate, RbNO3, HN(

Fairly stable in air (Wells, Am Ch J
1901, 26 273 )

Rubidium dthydrogen nitrate, RbNOj,
2HN03

Decomp rapidly m air (Wells, Am Cl J
1901,26 273)

2RbN03, 5HNO3 Decomp by E 3
Known only in solution in HNO3+ q
( Ditte, A ch (5) 18 320 )

Rubidium silver nitrate, RbNO3, AgNO3

Sol in H20 (Russell and Maskelyne, E y
Soc Proc 26 357)

Rubidium thorium nitrate, Rb2Th(NOs)e

SI sol mHNOs, decomp byH2O (Me r,
Z anorg 1901, 27 384 )

NITRATE, SILVER

589

Rubidium uranyl nitrate, Rb(U02)(N03)3
Decomp by H20 Sol in cone HN08
(Meyer, B 1903,36 4057)

Solubility of H20 at t°

Solubility in H20 at t°
Sat AgKOs+Aq contains % AgM)3 at t°

t°

% AgNOs

t°

% AgNOa

—7
—7
—5
—1
—1
+5
10
15 5
20
26
29
31

46 2
46 0
47 6
52 4
51 9
56 3
61 2
66 1
67 8
71 1
73 0
73 8

36 5
40 5
45
48
73
122
134
135
135
148
160
182

75 7
76 8
77 1
78 5
84 0
88 7
92 1
92 8
92 7
93 3
95 2
96 9

t°

25

80

InlOOpts of the solution

Solid phase

Pts by
wt UOs

Pts
by wt
NOs

Pts
by wt
Rb

Pts
by wt
total
salt

a> 35 42

b) 35 40
a) 34 64
b) 34 68

19 72
19 76

4 63

4 67
11 01
11 01

59 57

59 64
69 46
69 52

Double salt +
RbNOa

Double salt

Rubidium uranyl nitrate is decomp by
H20 at low temp , at 80° it is sol in H20
without decomp

(Rimbach, B 1904, 37 476 )

Samarium nitrate, Sm(N03)34-6H20
Easily sol in H20 (Cleve, C N 48 74 )
Very hydroscopic (Demargay, C R

1900, 130 1187 )

Samarium zinc nitrate, 2Sm(NOs)s,

3Zn(N08)2+24H20

1 1 sat solution in HNO«+Aq (sp g
1 325) contains 36 47 g hydrous salt at 16
(Jantsch, Z anorg 1912, 76 321 )

Scandium nitrate, basic

Sol m H20 (Nilson, B 13 1444 )
ScOH(N03) +HoO (Crookes, Roy Soc

Proc 1908, 80 A 518 )
Sc2O(N03)4 (Crookes )

Scandium nitrate, Sc(N03)3

(Crookes, Roy Soc Proc 1908. 80 A, 518 )
+4H2O Very sol in H20 (Crookes )

Silver nitrate, AgN03

100 pts H2O at 11° dissolve 1277 pts
(Schnauss, Arch Pharm (2) 82 260 )

100 pts H20 dissolve at

0° 195° 54° 85° 110°
1219 2273 500 714 1111 pts AgN03

(Kremers, Pogg 92 497 )

100 pts H20 dissolve 1622 5 pts at 125°,
and 1941 4 pts at 133° (Tilden and Shen-
stone, Phil Trans 1884 23 )

Sat solution boils at 125° (Kremers)

(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 526 )

100 g sat AgNOs -f-Aq at 15 5° contain
65 5 g AgNOs (Greenish and Smith, Pharm
Jour 1903,71 881)

Solubility of AgNOs in H20 at 30° = 10 31
™ol-litrp nVTnsqrm OVipm ^nf 1Q11 99

rausch by Mendelejeff (Z anal 27 284), and
K = Kohlrausch (W Ann 1879 1), contain-
ing

5 10 15 20%AgN03,

C K 1 041 1 080 1 125 1 160

K M 1 0440 1 0901 1 1969

K 1 0422 1 0893 1 1404 1 1958

25 30 35 40% AgN03,
C K 1 206 1 251

K M 1 4791

K 12555 13213 13945 14773

45 50% AgN03
K 15705 16745

Sp gr of \gNO3H-Aq at 25°

Concentration of \gNOs

Sp gr

1-normal

1 1386

Va- "

1 0692

1 0348

Vs- "

1 0173

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 40 )

Sol in 500 pts HN03, 30 pts 2HNO3,
3H2O at 20°, and 6 pts 2HN03, 3H20 at 100°
(Schultz, Zeit Ch 1869 531 )

Insol m cone HN03 (Warren, C C
1897 1,438)

590

NITRATE, SILVER

Solubility of AgNOs in HN03+Aq at 25°

Only traces are sol in absolute alcohol
ether 100 pts of a mixture of 1 vol alcoh I
(95 vol %)+! vol pure ether dissolve 1 »
pts AgNOs at 15°, 100 pts of 2 vols alcoi I
+1 vol ether dissolve 2 3 pts AgN(
(Eder, J pr 1878, (2) 17 45 )

Solubility of AgNOs in ethyl alcohol -h I
at 30°

G mol per 1

G AgNOs
per 1

gp gr 25°

HNOs

AgNOs

0
0 404
0 962
1 698
2 834
4 497
5 992
8 84
12 53

10 31
9 36
8 08
6 54
4 526
2 590
1 698
0 843
0 347

1752
1591
1373
1111
769 1
440 1
288 6
143 2
58 90

2 3921
2 2754
2 1243
1 9402
1 7052
1 4980
1 4195
1 3818
1 3976

% by wt HaO

% by wt alcohol

% by wt AgN i

27 0
27 71
30 80
32 10
31 40
28 95
27 91
20 92
6 83

2 8
13 67

20 13
25 85
3726
44 54
64 42
86 54

73 0

69 49
55 53
47 77
42 75
33 79
27 55
14 66
6 63

(Masson, CLem Soc 1911, 99 1132 )

AgNOs+NHJSTOg Solubility of AgNOs
in NFUNOs+Aq See under NH4NOS
AgNOs +KN08 Solubility of AgNO3
•f KNOs in H2O See under KNOS

AgN08-hAgN02
Solubility of AgNOs-f AgN02 at 18°

(Schreinemakers, Z phys Ch 1909, 65 57 I

Solubility of AgNOs 4-KNOs m alcoh
See under KN03
Sol in methyl, ethyl, and isobutyl alcoho
CC14, CHC18, acetone and pyridme (Wilcc ,
J phys Chem 1910, 14 587 )
100 pts H2O sat with etjier dissolve 8£
pts AgN03 at 15° (Eder, I c )
Sol m glycerine
Sol in benzorntnle 100 g benzomtr
dissolve about 105 g AgNO3 at 18° (Na
mann and Seiner, B 1914, 47 1369 )
1 pt acetomtrile dissolves about 1 5 p
AgN03 (Scholl and Stemkopf, B 1906, ,
4398 )
Easily sol m methyl, ethyl, and an 1
amme (Shinn, J phys Chem 1907, 11 53 )
Sol m acetone (Krug and M'Elroy,
Anal Ch 6 184)

G per I

G perl

AgNOs

AgNO2

AgNOs

AgNOa

0 000
0 439
0 878
1 756

3 184
3 042
2 926
2 601

3 512
7 024
14 048

2 201
1 799
1 480

(Naumann and Rucker, B 1905, 38 2293 )
See also under AgN02

Insol m liquid CO 2 (Buchner, Z phys
Ch 1906, 54 674 )
Very sol in liquid NHs (Franklin, Am
Ch J 1898, 20 829 )

Sol in 4 pts boiling alcohol

Sol in 10 pts alcohol (Dumas )

Sol m 11 pts alcohol of 90% (Hager )

Solubility in 100 pts alcohol of given vol %
attc

t°

95%

80%

70%

60%

15
50
75

3 8
7 3
18 3

10 3

42 0

22 1

30 5
58 1
89 0

t°

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

15
50
75

35 8

56 4
98 3
160

73 7

107

214
340

158

(Eder, J pr (2) 17 44 )

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
372 pts at 19°, 100 pts absolute ethyl al-
cohol dissolve 3 1 pts at 19° (de Bruyn, Z
phys Ch 10 783)

0 35 pts are sol m 100 pts acetone at 1
035 " " " " 100 " " " 5

(Laszyznski, B 1894, 27 2287 )

Sol in acetone and m methylal (Ittidmai
C C 1899, II 1014 )

1 g AgNOs is sol m 227 g icctone at I
Sp gr of sat solution 18°/4°=0 70S (N
mann, B 1904, 37 4339 )

Insol in CSa (Arctowski, / anoig 18'
6 257)

Difficultly sol in methyl acetate (N
mann, B 1909, 42 3790 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann,
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumai
B 1904, 37 3601 )

Sol in urethane (Castoro, Z anorg 18
20 61)

100 g CeH6 dissolve 0 022 g AgNO3 at 3
0 044 g at 40 5° (Linebarger, Am J g
1895, 49 48 )

Mol weight determined m pipendi
pyndine and benzomtrile (Werner, Z anc
1897, 15 pp 17, 23 and 32 )

NITRATE, SODIUM

591

Solubility of AgNOs in pyridine at t°

t°

per 100 g

Solid phase

-485°*

0

CAN

-50 5

3

tt

-53

6

t(

-59

9

"

-65

C6H5N + AgNOs^eCsHsN

-51 25

11 1

AgNOs, 6CfiH6N

-44

11 7

"

-40

12 2

"

-35

12 6

((

-30

13 9

ct

-25

17 6

tt

-24
-22

18 8

AgNOs, ScJksN

-10

20 03

"

0

22 34

"

+10

2721

"

20

33 64

t(

30

40 86

tt

40

53 52

tt

45

62 26

tc

46

63 06

tt

47

66 35

tt

48

70 85

tt

48 5

45

69 85

" +AgN08,2C5H6N
AgN08, 2C5H6N

50

72 25

ct

60

78 60

tt

70

89 10

tt

80

121 21

tt

87

215 02

tt

80

228 5

tt

74

230 6

tt

74

235 4

tt

80

230 4

"

87

237 1

tt

90

241 9

"

100

253 8

tt

110

271 4

tt

*M pt

(Kahlenberg and Brewer, J phys Ch 1908,
12 283)

Silver nitrate acetyhde, AgN08, AgHC2
(Willgerodt, B 1895, 28 2108 )
AgNOs, Ag2C2 Ppt (Chavastelon, C R

1897, 124 1365 )
2AgN03, Ag2C2 (Chavastelon )

Silver nitrate ammonia, AgN03, NH3

Partly sol in H20, rather sol m alcohol
SI sol m ether (Reychler, B 16 990 )

Very sol in liquid ammonia below — 10°
(Joanms, C R 1894, 118 1151 )

\gNOs, 2NH3 Easily sol m H2O (Mit-
scherlich )

11 alcohol dissolves 0 0383 g mols (Kun-
low, C C 1903 II, 97 )

AgNOs, 3NHS Completely sol m H20
(Rose, Pogg 30 153 )

Silver nitrate antunonide, AgN08, Ag8Sb

Decomp at once by H2O (Poleck and
Thummel, B 16 2435 )

Silver nitrate arsenide, AgNO8, A.gs As

Decomp at once by H2O (Poleck and
Thummel )

Silver nitrate bromide, AgNOs, AgBr

Decomp immediately by H2O or alcohol,
with separation of AgBr (Risse, A 111 39 )

Silver nitrate chloride, AgNOs, AgCl

Quickly decomp with H2O, more slowly
with absolute alcohol, not decomp by ether-
alcohol (Reichert, J pr 92 237 )

Silver nitrate cyanide, 2AgNO3, AgCN

Decomp by H20, not by alcohol CHell-
wig, Z anorg 1900, 26 177 )

Silver nitrate iodide, AgN03, Agl

Cold H 0 separates Agl, which redissolves
on heating (Sturenberg, Arch Pharm (2)
143 12 ) Sol in little H»O without decomp ,
more H20 separates Agl (Kremers, J pr
71 54 ) Insol in absolute alcohol Sol in
cone AgNOs +Aq

2 AgN03, Agl Sol m little but decomp by
more boiling H20 (Risse, A 111 39 )

Silver nitrate mercuric oxide, AgNOs, 2HgO

Decomp by H20 Sol in HNOs and

H2S04 (Finci, Gazz ch it 1910, 41 (2)

548)

Silver nitrate phosphide, 3AgNOs, ^gsP

(Warren, C N 66 113)
Silver nitrate sihcide, 4AgNO8, AgSi

(Buchner, Ch Ztg 9 484 )
Silver nitrate silicate, 2AgN03, 3Ag4Si04

Sol in dil HN03+Aq, but SiO2 separates
out after heating (Rousseau and Tite, C R
114 294)

Silver nitrate sulphide, AgN03, Ag2S

Decomp by H2O (Poleck and Thummel,
B 16 2435)

Silver nitrate sulphocyanide, 2AgN03,

AgSCN

Decomp by H2O, not by alcohol (Hellwig,
Z anorg 1900, 25 178 )

Sodium nitrate, NaNO3

Deliquescent in moist air Sol m H20 with
absorption of heat 75 pts NaN03 mixed
with 100 pts H20 at 13 2° lower the tempera-
ture 18 5° (Rudorff, B 2 68 )

(Marx )
(Osann )

Sol m 1 58 pts H2O at — <j°

046 -1-119°

289 2°

1 12 28

0 79 47°

1 14 18 5 (Kopp )

1 136 18 75 (Karsten )

1 16 20° (Schiff A 109 326 )

2 18 7o° (Abl )

592

NITRATE, SODIUM

100 pts H20 at t° dissolve pts NaN03

Solubility in 100 pts H20 at t°

t°

Pts NaNOs

t

Pts NaNOs

t°

Pts NaNOa

t°

Pts NaN

—6
0
10
16
20
30
40

68 80
79 75
84 30
87 63
89 55
95 37
102 31

50
60
70
80
90
100
120

111 13
119 94
129 63
140 72
153 63
168 20
225 30

0
1
2
3

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27

29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59

72 9

74 7
75 4
76 0
76 7
77 4
78 1
78 7
79 4
80 1
80 8
81 4
82 0
82 7
83 4
84 0
84 7
85 4
86 1
86 8
87 5
88 3
89 0
89 7
90 3
91 0
91 8
92 5

QO O

94 0
94 9
96 0
96
97
98
99
100
100
101
102
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
211

60
61

62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
117 5

122
124
125
126
127
128
130
131
132
133
134
136
137
138
139
140
142
143
145
146
148

151
152
153
155
156
158
159
161
162
164
166
168
169
171
173
175
177
178
ISO
1S2
1S4
186
18S
190
192
194
196
198
200
202
204
207
209
211
213
215
216 4

(Poggiale, A ch (3) 8 469 )

100 pts HaO at 119° dissolve 150 pts NaNOa (Gnf
fiths)
NaNOa H-Aq sat at 18 75° has 1 3769 sp gr and 100
pts H2O have dissolved 88001 pts NaNOa (Kar

NaNOa +Aq sat in cold contains 333% NaNOs
(Fourcroy )
NaNOs -i-Aq sat at 125° contains 34% NaNOa
(Hassenfratz )
100 pts H20 at 15 5° dissolve 33 pts at 52° 100 pts
NaNOs (Ure s Diet )

100 pts H2O dissolve pts NaN03 at t°

t

Pts NaNOs

t°

Pts NaNOa

0
13 9
44 65

73 0
81 6
110 5

60 65
99 9
119 7

125 5
173 6
211 4

(Nordenskjold, Pogg 136 312 )
100 pts H2O dissolve pts NaNOs at t°

t°

Pts NaNOa

t°

Pts NaNOa

0
10
20
30
40
50
60

70 94
78 57
87 97
98 26
109 01
120 00
131 11

70
80
90
100
110
119 4

142 31
153 72
165 55
178 18
194 26
213 43

(Maumen£, C R 58 81 )

100 pts NaNOs -f-Aq sat at 14° contain
43 88 pts NaNOs, at 15°, 44 53 pts NaNO8
(v Hauer, J pr 98 137 )
100 pts H3O dissolve 8421-8469 pts
NaNO3 at 15 6°, and sat solution has sp gr
1 337-1 378 (Page and Keightley, Chem
Soc (2) 10 556 )

100 pts H2O dissolve pts NaN03 at t°

t°

Pts NaNOa

t°

Pts NaNOa

0
2

4
8
10
13
15

66 69
70 97
71 04
75 65
76 31
79 00
80 60

18
21
26
29
36
51
68

83 62
85 73
90 33
92 93
99 39
113 63
125 07

Solubility is constant from 0° to —15 7°,
when NaN03 +7H2O separates out (Ditte,
C R 80 1164)

(Mulder, Scheik Verhandel 1864 83 )

NITRATE, SODIUM

593

,*?*$! solution at b P* contains 2164 pts NaNOs
{Mulder) 218 5 pts NaNOs (Marx) 213 4 pts NaNO,
(Maumen6) 211 4 pts NaNOs (Nordenskjold) 224 8
pts NaNOs (Legrand) 150 pts NaNOs (Griffiths)

Sat NaNOs +Aq contains at
120° 130° 172° 180° 199°
668 675 771 781 820%NaN08,

Sp gr of NaNOs+Aq at 18°

% NaNOs

Sp gr

% NaNOs

Sp gr

5
10

1 0327
1 0681

20
30

1 1435
1 2278

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

220° 250° 255° 290° 313° (mpt )
835 895 915 975 100% NaN08
(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 527)

100 g sat NaNOs +Aq contain 4247 g
NaNOs at 0° (Coppadoro, Rass Mm 1911,

100* g sat NaNOs+Aq contain 49 16 g
NaNOs at 30° (Coppadoro, Rass Mm
1912, 37 7 )

100 g H2O dissolve 92 14 g NaN08 at 25°
(Haigh, J Am Chem Soc 1912, 34 1148 )

The solubility of crystals on different faces

Sp gr of NaNOs+Aq at 20°, containing
mols NaNOs in 100 mols H20

Mols NaNOs

Sp gr

2
5

1 05980
1 13813

(Nicol, Phil Mag (5) 16 122 )

The saturated solution boils at 117 5° (Mulder )
118 9° (Griffiths )
119° (Marx)

hasbeendetermmedbyLebrun (Belg Acad
Bull 1913 953)

Sp gr of NaNOs +Aq at 19 5°

119 4° (Maumen£ )
119 7° (Nordenskjold )
121° (Legrand )
122-123° (Kremers )

NaNOs +Aq forms a crust at 118°, and
contains 194 pts NaNOs to 100 pts H2O,
highest temp observed, 120 5° (Gerlach,*Z
anal 26 427 )

B -pt of NaNOs -|- Aq containing pts NaNOs
to 100 pts H20 G= according to Ger-
lach (Z anal 26 433), L= according to
Legrand (A ch (2) 59 431)

% NaNOs

Sp gr

% NaNOs

Sp gr

12 057
22 726
31 987

1 0844
1 1667
1 2450

39 860
46 251

1 3-176
1 3805

(Kremers, Pogg 95 120 )
Sp gr of NaNOs +Aq at 20 2°

% NaNOa

Sp gr

% NaNOs

Sp gr

B pt

G

L

B pt

G

L

1

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

1 0065
1 0131
1 0197
1 0264
1 0332
1 0399
1 0468
1 0537
1 0606
1 0676
1 0746
1 0817
1 0889
1 0962
1 1035
1 1109
1 1184
1 1260
1 1338
1 1418
1 1498
1 1578
1 1659
1 1740
1 1822

26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

1 1904
1 1987
1 2070
1 2154
1 2239
1 2325
1 2412
1 2500
1 2589
1 2679
1 2770
1 2863
1 2958
1 3055
1 3155
1 3225
1 3355
1 3456
1 3557
1 3659
1 3761
1 3864
1 3968
1 4074
1 4180

101°
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111

9
18 5
28
38
48
58
68
78 5
89
99 5
110 5

9 3
18 7
28 2
37 9
47 7
57 6
67 7
77 9
88 3
98 8
109 5

112°
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121

121 5
133
144 5
156
168 5
181
194
207 5
222

120 3
131 3

142 4
153 7
165 2
176 8
188 6
200 5
212 6
224 8

50 pts NaNO 3 mixed with 100 pts snow at
— -1° give a temp of — 17 5° (Rudorff, Pogg
122 337)

Sp gr of NaNOa+Aq at t°

G NaNOs dis
solved in 100 g
HaO

G NaNOs
100 g of t
solution

in
he t Sp gr

4

11

25

166
111
000

4

10
20

17 8° 1
13 9° 1
12° 1

0276
0704
1441

(Schiff, calculated by Gerlach, Z anal 8
280)

(de Lannoy, Z phys

Ch 1895, 18

465)

594

NITRATE, SODIUM

Sp gr of NaNO +Aq at 2C
per cent strength of sol
density, w= volume cc

percc (foO=w j

\ 1°, when p =

Solubility of NaN03 in NH4OH+Aq at 1 °

>nc in grams

G per 100 g Hi*)

Sp gr

NHs

NaNOa

13 87

17 28
20 38

75 03
73 99
73 18

1 253
1 233
1 212

p

d

w

42 05
35 65
31 72
23 24
17 370
11 915
9 665
7 039
4 241
1 589

1 3380
1 2765
1 2407
1 1696
1 1228
1 0819
1 0656
1 0468
1 0273
1 0096

0 56267
0 45510
0 39365
0 27180
0 19505
0 12888
0 10300
0 07369
0 04357
0 01604

(Fedotieff and Koltunoff, Z anorg 1914, 5
251)

NaNOs-hNaoCOs (See Na*GOs )
Sol in sat NH4Cl-f-Aq
Very rapidly sol in sat BaCl2H-Aq ^ th
pptn ofBa(N03)2
Sol in sat KCl+Aq, with formatioi of
KNOS
Sol in sat NH4N03+Aq (See NH4N< 8 )
Sol m sat Ba(NO3)2+Aq, with pai lal
pptn ofBa(N03)2 (See Ba(NO8)2 )
Sol in sat Pb(N03)2+Aq, withsubseqi Jit
pptn of Pb(N03)2 (See Pb(NO3)2 )
NaNOs+KN03
Sol in sat KNOs+Aq, solution thus n de
at 18° contains 54 33% mixed salt, or 100 its
H20 dissolve 11898 pts mixed salt iz
8953 pts NaNO3 and 2945 pts Kl D3
(See KN08 )
NaN03-i-Sr(NO3)2
If Sr(NO3)2+Aq sat at 14 5° is sat ith
NaNO3, 100 pts H20 dissolve

(Barnes, J phys Chem 1898, 2 545 )

Sp gr 20 V4° of a normal solution of NaNO 3
= 1 05386, of a 0 5 normal solution = 1 02646
(Eaigh, J Am Chem Soc 1912, 34 1151 )

Sp gr of sat NaNOs-1-Aqatt0

t°

G NaNOssol
in 100 g H20

Sp gr

—10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70

68 0
43 0
80 5
88 0
96 2
104 9
114 0
124 6
136 0

1 342
1 358
1 377
1 387
1 406
1 418
1 437
1 456
1 467

NaN03
Sr(N03)

83 7 66 4
51 0 02 )

117 4

(Tschernaj, J Russ Phys Chem Soc 1912.

44 1565)

Sol m 66 pts HN03, in 32 pts 2HN03,
3H20 at 32°, m 4 pts 2HN03, 3H 0 at 123°
(Schultz, Zeifc Ch (2) 5 531 )

Solubihtv m HN03+Aq at 0°

G per 100 cc of solution

Sp gr

NaNOa

HNOs

56 5

0 00

1 341

54 2

1 67

1 338

51 48

3 59

1 331

48 42

5 55

1 324

44 88

7 92

1 312

41 44

10 65

1 308

33 61

17 02

1 291

29 86

20 33

1 285

26 46

23 48

1 282

20 00

3026

1 276

15 32

36 09

1 276

10 97

44 76

1 291

(JUngel, (J K 1887, 104 911 )

(Mulder )

NaN03+NaNO, S<( under NaNO

NaN03+NaCl

100 pts HO dissolve 2401 pS Ni 1 +
54 55 pts NaN"O3 = 7c) 40 pts of the two ilts
at 20° (Nicol, Phil Mag (5) 31 iS(> )

100 pts H20 dissolve at IS 75°

NaCl
NaN03

36

25 22

5^ 89

24 Ob
52 84

M OS
52 82

4 0
Sb b ! b 8

2 Sat NaCl+Aq treated with NaN< 3

3 Sat NaNO3+Aq treated with Na' 1

4 Simultaneous treatment of the two alts
by H20 (Karsten )

6 Excess of both salts+Aq warmed and
cooled to 20° (Rudorff, B 6 484 )

NITRATE, SODIUM

595

Solubility of NaCl with addition of NaNO»
at 15 5°

Sp gr

100 ccm contain in g

NaCl

H2O

NaNOj

1 2025
1 2305
1 2580
1 2810
1 3090
1 3345
1 3465
1 3465

31 78
27 89
26 31
23 98
22 30
20 40
19 40
19 67

88 47
87 63
86 25
82 66
80 42
79 25
77 37
77 34

0 00
7 53
13 24
21 58
28 18
33 80
37 88
37 64

NaNOs separated in last two solutions

Solubility of NaNOs with addition of NaCl
at 15°

Sp gr

100 com contain in g

NaNOs

H20

NaCl

Solubility in NaCl+Aq at 20°, 30°, 40° and
91° Tables given in the original show that
each salt diminishes the solubility of the
other (Leather, Mem Dept Agnc India,
1914, 3 177, Chem Soc 1915, 108 (2) 13 )

See also under NaCl

NaNOs+NaOH

Solubility in NaOH-fAq at 0° NaN03 =
mols NaNOs (in mg ) in 10 ccm of solu-
tion, Na20=mols Na20 (in mg) in 10
ccm of solution

NaNOa

66 4
62 5
57 15
47 5
29 5
17 5
13 19
6 05

NasO

0

2 875

6 1
12 75
26
39

45 875
60 875

NaNOs
+NasO

66 4

65 375
63 25
60 25

55 5

56 5
59 065

66 925

Sp gr

1 341
1 338
1 333
1 327
1 326
1 332
1 356
1 401

3720
3645
3585
3530

3495
3485
3485
3485

62 38
56 56
52 09
47 08
42 66
39 90
38 73
38 02

74 82

75 69

75 71

76 86

76 96

77 14
77 15
77 49

0

4 00

7 24

11 36

15 33

17 81

18 97

19 34

(Engel, Bull Soc (3) 6 16 )
Solubility in NaOH+Aq at 0°

NaCl separated in last two solutions
(Bodlander, Z phys Ch 7 360 )

Solubility of NaN03 m NaCl+Aq at 15°

Sp gr

G per 100 cc sat solution

NaCl

NaN03

H20

1 3720

0

62 38

74 82

1 3645

4 0

56 76

75 69

1 3585

7 24

52 09

75 71

1 3530

11 36

47 08

76 86

1 3495

15 33

42 66

76 96

1 3485

17 81

39 90

77 14

1 3485

18 97*

38 73*

77 15

1 3485

19 34*

38 02*

77 49

G per 100 cc solution

Sp gr

NaOH

NaNOs

0 0

56 50

1 341

2 30

53 19

1 338

4 89

48 63

1 333

10 21

40 42

1 327

20 83

25 10

1 326

31 25

14 89

1 332

36 76

11 22

1 356

48 75

5 15

1 401

(Engel, I c )

Easily sol in K2S04 + 4Lq without pptn
Easily sol m Na«>S04-l-\q without pptn
Sol m MgS04+4.q, at first to a clear solu-

tion, but afterwards NaN03 is pptd
Very sol m sat CuS04+\q, but double

sulphate separates out
Very sol m ZnS04-f Aq with pptn of

double sulphate (Karsten )

Solubility of NaN03 in Na S20s+Aq at t°

* Solutions sat with both salts
(Bodlander, Z phys Oh 1891, 7 361 )

Solubility of NaNOs -fNaCl (g m 100 g H 0)
at 25°

NaNOs

NaCl

Solid phase

79 20
68 38
56 56
39 20
20 17

8 39
16 32
23 74
27 56
31 48

NaNOs

cc

NaNOs +NaCl
NaCl

C(

t

NaNOs

Na ^Os

^ohd phase

9

33 31
22 57
4 22

12 26
23 41

34 77

NaNOs
" +Na2S 03, 5H2O
Na S Os, 5H20

25

35 42
25 40
19 90
18 02
4 33

12 72
24 25
31 81
32 83
40 50

NaNOs

ti

" -f Na2So08, 5H2O
Na S203, 5H20

u

(Uyeda, Mem Col Sc Kioto, 1910, 2 245 )

(Kremann and Rothmund, Z anorg 1914,
^ 86 373)

596

NITRATE, SODIUM

Very sol in liquid NH8 (Franklin, Am
Ch J 1898,20 829)
Easily sol in liquid HF (Franklin, Z
anorg 1905,46 2)
Hydrazme dissolves 266 pts NaN08 at
12 5-13° (de Bruyn, Etc 1899, 18 297 )

100 pts alcohol of 0 9 sp gr dissolve 10 5 pts NaNOi
0 872 sp gr 6 pts 0 834 sp gr 0 38 pt insol in
alcohol of 0 817 sp gr (Kirwan )
100 pts alcohol of 61 4% by weight dissolve 21 2 pts
NaNOs at 26° (Pohl W A B 6 600 )
100 pts alcohol of 62° Tr dissolve 7 4 pts NaNOs at
195°
100 pts alcohol of 93° Tr dissolve 0 93 pt NaNOs at
19 5° (Wittstem )

100 pts alcohol containing % alcohol by
weight dissolve pts NaNOs at 15°, or 100
pts solution contain % NaNOs

10 20 30 40 60 80% alcohol
653 488 355 258 114 2 8 pts NaN03
395 328 262 205 102 2 7% NaN08

Solubility in alcohol at 30°

Wt % alcohol
in solvent

G NaNOs per 100 g

Solution

Water

0
5
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
90

49 10
46 41
43 50
37 42
31 31
25 14
18 94
12 97
7 81
1 21

9645
91 15
85 55
7475
65 10
55 95
46 75
3725
2825
12 25

(Taylor, J phys Ch 1897, 1 723 )

(Schiff)

100 pts wood-spirit of 40% dissolve 32 3
pts NaNO8 (Schiff, A 118 365 )

Solubility in ethyl alcohol at 25°

(Concentration of alcohol in g mol
1000 g H20 )

er

Solubility in alcohol at 16 5°

Normality

Solubility in 1000
g H2O

Mol solubil

Sp gr

100 com contain in g

1A
1A

2

920
908
896
870
825

30
80
60
95
35

10 83
10 70
10 54
1024
9 70

Alcohol

Water

NaNOs

1 3745
1 3162
1 2576
1 2140
1 1615
1 0855
1 0558
1 0050
0 9420
0 9030
0 8610

0
6 16
11 60
16 49
22 17
32 22
37 23
43 98
52 60
60 00
63 16

75 25
70 82
68 10
65 04
61 67
52 92
48 50
42 78
32 13
25 65
21 31

62 20
54 64
46 06
39 87
32 31
23 41
19 85
13 74
9 47
4 65
1 63

(Armstrong and Eyre, Proc R Soc 1910 (
84 127)

Very si sol in acetone fKiug ind M
roy, J Anal Ch 6 1S4 )

Solubility of NaNOs in acetone at 40°

(Bodlander, Z phys Ch 7 317 )

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
041pt at 25°
100 pts absolute ethyl alcohol dissolve
0 036 pt at 25° (de Bruyn, Z phys Ch 10
783)
Solubility in alcohol at 40°

Wt % acetone

G NiNO-uxr 100 f.
acetone -|-Aq

0 0
8 47
16 8
25 2
34 3
44 1
53 9
64 8
76 0
87 6

105
91 2
7S 3
66 4
57 9
46 2
32 8
23 0
10 8
3 2

Wt % alcohol 1

G NaNOs per 100 g
alcohol +Aq

0
8 22
17 4
26 0
36 0
42 8
55 3
65 1
77 0
87 2

104 5
90 8
73 3
61 6
48 4
40 6
27 1
18 1
9 4
4 2

(Bathnck, J phys

Ch 1896, 1 162 )

(Bathnck, J phys Ch 1896,

1 162)

,1-

NITRATE, STRONTIUM

597

Solubility of NaN08 m acetone at 30°

100 pts H20 dissolve at 0°, 395 pts

Sr(N08)2 (Mulder), at 0°, 40 16 pts Sr(NOs)2
(Poggiale), at 0°, 43 1 pts Sr(NOs) (Krem-
»j»g) £»-f 1QQ° 101 1 Dts SrfN°O<')o riV^ulder^

Wt % acetone

G NaNOs

per 100 g

in solvent

Solution

Water

at 100°. 106 5 pts Sr(N03)2 (Kremers, Pogg'

0

49 10

96 45

92 499), at 100°, 119 25 pts Sr(N03)2 (Pog-
giale)

5

46 96

93 20

9 09

45 11

20

40 10

83 70

Solubility in 100 pts H20 at t°

30

35 08

77 20

Pts

Pts

Pts

40
50

29 80
24 34

70 75

t°

Sr(NOs)a

t°

Sr(NOa)

t

Sr(NCh)

60

18 55

59 95

0

39 5

36

90 7

73

96 0

70

13 15

50 50

1

41 2

37

90 8

74

96 2

80

7 10

38 20

2

42 8

38

91 0

75

96 4

90

1 98

2020

3

44 3
45 8

39

91 1
Q1 ^

76

77

96 5

Oft 7

(Taylor, Z phys Ch 1897, 2 723 )

5
6

47 3
48 8

41

42

91 4
91 5

/ /

78
79

yo /
96 8
97 0

7

50 3

43

91 6

80

97 2

Sol m glycerine
Insol in ethylamme (Shinn. J phys
Chem 1907, 11 538 )
Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910,43 314)
Insol in benzomtrile (Naumann, B 1914,

8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

51 8
53 4
54 9
56 5
58 0
59 6
61 2
62 8

44
45
46

48
49
50
51

91 8
91 9
92 1
92 2
92 3
92 5
92 6
92 8

81
82
83

84
85
86
87
88

97 4
97 5
97 7
97 9
98 0
98 2
98 4
98 6

47 1370 )

16

64 4

52

92 9

89

98 8

17

66 0

53

93 1

90

99 0

18

67 6

54

93 2

91

99 2

Sodium thorium nitrate, NaTh(N08)fi +

19

69 2

55

93 4

92

99 4

9H2O

20

70 8

56

93 5

93

99 6

Hydroscopic, sol in dil HNOs and Aq
(Meyer, Z anorg 1901, 27 381 )

21
22

72 5
74 1

57
58

93 6
93 8

94
95

99 8
100 0

23

75 8

59

93 9

96

100 2

24

77 4

60

94 0

97

100 4

Sodium nitrate sulphate, NaNOg, Na2S04+

25
26

79 0

80 7

61
62

94 2
94 3

98
99

100 6
100 9

/2.T12V-/

27

82 4

63

94 5

100

101 1

Sol m HoO (Mangnac, Ann Mm (5) 12

28

84 1

64

94 6

101

101 3

44)

29

85 8

65

94 8

102

101 6

-hH^O Mm Darapskite

30

87 6

66

94 9

103

101 8

31

89 5

67

95 1

104

102 0

313

90 0

68

95 2

105

102 3

Sodium nitrate tungstosihcate,

3Na4W12Si040

32

90 2

69

95 4

106

102 5

4NaNO3+45HO

33

90 3

70

95 6

107

102 7

(Wyruboff, Chem Soc 1897, 72 (2) 174 )

34
35

90 5
90 6

71

72

95 7
95 9

1079

102 9

Strontium nitrate, Sr(N08)2

Sol in 5 pts c old and 0 5 pt boiling HaO (Dumas )
2 05 (Wittstem )

2 at 18 75 (Abl )

100 pts sat Sr(NO3)2+Aq at 19-20° contain 4549
pts Sr(NOs) (v Hauer J pr 98 137)

(Mulder, Scheik Verhandel 1864 114 )

Sat Sr(N08)2+Aq contains at
—6° +14° 20° 32°
245 359 398 469%SrNO3,

1 pt Sr(NOs) dissolves in pts H20 at t°

t°

Pts H20

t°

Pts H20

t°

Pts H20

0
10

2 32
1 73

25
50

1 10
1 02

75
100

0 99
0 94

(Ki

•emers Pogg 92 499)

53° 56° 76° 94° 110°
472 478 491 504 50 2% SrN08

(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 528 )

7927 g anhydrous Sr(N03)2 are sol m
100 g H20 at 25° (Parsons and Carson, J
Am Chem SQC 1910, 32 1385 )

598

NITBATE, SODIUM

Solubility of Sr(N08)2 m H20 at t°

t°

G Sr(N03)2in
100 g H20

Sp gr

0 58

40 124

1 2856

14 71

60 867

1 3938

26 40

82 052

1 4883

29 06

87 648

1 5110

30 28

88 577

1 5144

32 58

88 943

1 5141

39 74

90 086

1 5128

47 73

91 446

1 5115

61 34

93 856

1 5105

68 96

95 576

1 5106

78 98

97 865

1 5109

88 94

100 136

1 5117

(Berkeley and Appleby, Proc R Soc 1911,
(A) 85 503)

100 g of the sat solution contain at 20°,
4143 g Sr(NO8)2 (Findlay, Chem Soc
1914, 105 782 )

Sp gr of Sr(N(W2+Aq at 19 5°

%

SrOSTOsh

Sp gr

Sr($0s)a

Sp gr

1

1 009

21

1 192

2

1 017

22

1 202

3

1 025

23

1 213

4

1 034

24

1 223

5

1 041

25

1 233

6

1 049

26

1 246

7

1 059

27

1 257

8

1 068

28

1 268

9

1 076

29

1 280

10

1 085

30

1 292

11

1 095

31

1 304

12

1 103

32

1 316

13

1 113

33

1 330

14

1 122

34

1 340

15

1 131

35

1 354

16

1 140

36

1 367

17

1 150

37

1 381

18

1 160

38

1 395

19

1 170

39

1 410

20

1 181

40

1 422

(Kremers, calculated by Gerlach, Z anal 8
286)

Sp gr of Sr(NOs) +Aq at 234° a=no of
grms XH mol wt dissolved in 1000
grms H2O, b=sp gr if a is Sr(NO8)2,
4Hj>O. H rnol wt =142, c = sp gr if a is
Sr(N63)2, J^mol wt =106

a

b

c

a

b

c

1
2
3

4

1 078
1 146
1 205
1 257

1 081
1 155
1 224
1 284

5
6

7

1 303
1 345
1 383

1 350 I
1 407

(Favre and Valson, C R, 79 968 )

Sp gr of Sr(N08)2+Aq at 17 5°

% Sr(N08)3

10
20
30

Sp gr

1 083
1 180
1 294

% Sr(NO3)2

40

Sat sol

Sp gr

1 422
1 52

(Gerlach, Z anal 27 283 )

Sp gr of Sr(N08)2-{-Aq at t°

t°

140°
143°
145°
145°
145°
144°

% Sr(N03)2

5
10
15
20
25
34 33

Sp gr

1 0420
1 0859
1 1319
1 1816
1 2364
1 3470

(Long, W Ann 1880, 11 39 )

Sp gr of Sr(NOs)2+Aq at room tern
containing

1029 2119 3261%Sr(N03)2
1 0885 1 124 1 3067

(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 266 )

Sp gr ofSr(N08)2+Aqat25°

Concentration of

1-normal

Vr- "

Sp gr

1 0822
1 0419
1 0208
1 0104

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 40 )

Sr(N08)2-f Aq containing 10 50% Sr(N05
hassp gr20°/20° = 10005

Sr(NO3)2+Aq containing 25 51% Sr(NOs
hassp gr 20°/20° = 1 2440

(Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phys Ch 1S^
19 279)

Sp gr of Sr(N03)2+Aq at 20° contains
M g mols of salt per liter
M 001 0025 005 0075
Sp rgr 1 001525 1 004207 1 008391 1 0126

M 010 025 050 075
Sp gr 1 016834 1 04201 1 08312 1 1238<

M 100
Sp gr 1 16354

(Jones and Pearce, Am Ch J 1907, 38 70' I

NITRATE, TELLURIUM

599

B-pt of Sr(N08)2+Aq, containing pts
Sr(N08)2 to 100 pts H20

the solutions which contain small amounts of
alcohol
(D'AnsandSiegler,Z phys Ch 1913,82 39)

Not completely msol in boiling amyl
alcohol, 30 ccm dissolving about 1 mg
(Browning, Sill Am J 143 52 )
Perfectly anhydrous Sr(N03)2 is sol in
83044 pts absolute ether-alcohol (1 1)
(Fresemus, Z anal 32 190 )

Solubility in organic solvents

B-pt

Pts
Sr(NOs)2

B pt

Pts
Sr(NOs)2

100 5°
101
101 5
102
102 5
103
103 5

12
24
34 8
45
54 4
63 6
72 6

104°
104 5
105
105 5
106
106 3

81 4
89 6
97 6
105
112 2
116 5

(Gerlach, Z anal 26 448 )

Sat Sr(N03)2+Aq boils at 106 8°, and con-
tains 112 9 pts salt to 100 pts H20 (Grif-
fiths )
Sat Sr(N03)2+Aq boils at 1075-108°
(JCremers), 107 9° (Mulder)
Sat Sr(NOs)2-f-Aq forms a crust at 106 3°,
and contains 116 5 pts Sr(N03)2 to 100 pts
H20, highest temp observed was 107°
(Gerlach, Z anal 26 427 )
Very si sol in cone HN08 or HCl-j-Aq
(Wurtz )
Insol in HN03+Aq (Schultz, Zeit Ch
(2)5 537)

Solvent

%Sr(NO3)2mthe
solution at 25°

Methyl alcohol
Ethyl alcohol
Propyl alcohol
Isobutyl alcohol
Amjl alcohol
Acetone

1 26
0 02
0 02
0 01
0 003
0 02

(D'AnsandSiegler,Z phys Ch 1913,82 44)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)
Tnsnl m hfinzonitrilfi (Na.iinaa.nn. B 1914.

Solubility in Sr(OH)2, 8H20+Aq at 25°

Sp gr 25 /25

G SrO as
Sr(OH)2mlOOg
H20

G Sr(N03)2in
100 g HaO

1 492
1 494

0 38
0 78

79 47
80 83

(Parsons, J Am Chem Soc 1910, 32 1388 )

47 1370)

Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899 II,
1014)

Difficultly sol in acetone (Naumann, B
1904, 37 4328 )

The composition of the hydrates formed
by Sr(N03)2 at different dilutions is calcu-
lated from determinations of the lowering of
the fr-pt produced by Sr(N03)2 and of the
conductivity and sp gr of Sr(NO3)2-J-Aq

Very sol m liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am
Ch J 1898, 20 829 )
rSol in 8500 pts absolute alcohol Sol in
60,000 pts of i mixture of 1 pt ether and 1
pt alcohol (Rose, Pogg 110 296 )
Sol in 4189 pts ibs alcohol and in 199 87
pts ordinary rectified spirits (Hill, Pharm
J 1888 (3) 19 420 )

Solubility m othyl ilcohol-|- \q at 25°

(Jones, Am Ch J 1905, 34 305 )
+4H20 Efflorescent

Solubility m ethyl alcohol +Aq at 25°

% C2H6OH in
the solvent

% C2H5OH m
the solution

% fer(N03)2in
the solution

0
4
6
10 8
16 0
20

0
1 7
2 6
4 95
7 95
12 35

44 25
42 S
42 1
40 4
37 6
34 3

% C H5OH m
the solvent

J/t C^tffiOH m
the solution

% Sr(NOs)2 m
the solution

99 4
79 2
59 9
40 65
20 b
18 8
16 25
15 05
10 0
6 0
0

09 38
77 15
53 6
32 35
13 8
12 35
10 45
9 5
6 0
3 45
0

0 02
2 60
10 5
20 5
33 2
34 3
35 7
36 7
40 05
42 7
46 6

(D'AnsandSiegler,Z phys Ch 1913,82 39)

Tellurium nitrate, basic, 4fe02, N2O6-f
1^H20
Very hygroscopic Easily decomp byH2O
Sol in HNOs+Aq, but more sol when dil
than cone (Klein and Morel, Bull Soc (2)
43 205)

Tellurium nitrate, PoNO3
Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899 II,
1014)

Sr(NOs)2 is the solid phase m the solutions
which are rich in alcohol, Sr(N03)2+4H2O in

600

NITRATE, TERBIUM

Terbium nitrate, Tb(N08)8+6H20

Sol in H20 Sol in alcohol (Urbain, C
R 1908, 146 128 )

Thallous nitrate, TUSTOs
1 pt T1NO8 dissolves, according to C =
kes, L=Lamy
at 15° 18° 58° 107°
in 9 4 103 23 017pts H20
C L L L

1 pt
Crookes

Sat TlNOs+Aq contains at
35° 18° 32° 58° 95°
42 88 132 304 745%T1N08

107° 135° 145° 150° 155°
85 95 952 965 97% T1N08
(fitatd, A ch 1894, (7) 2 527 )

Solubility in H20 at t°

t°

G T1NO*
in 100 g HssO

g mol TINCh
in 11

0

3 91

0 149

10

622

0 230

20

9 55

0 357

25

0 433

30

143

0 522

40

209

0 755

50

30 4

1 07

60

462

1 58

70

69 5

2 29

80

111

3 40

90

200

5 32

100

414

8 29

105

594

10 25

(Berkeley, Trans Roy Soc 1904, 203 A,
211)

Sp gr of TlN08-hAq at 25°

Concentration of
TiNOs-t-Aq

Sp gr

Vr-nonnal
Vr- "

1 0562
1 0283

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 40 )

Solubility of T1NO8 + KN08 (See KN08 )
Insol in alcohol (Lamy )
Sol in acetone (Eidmann, Dissert 1899.
Naumann, B 1904, 37 4328 )

Thallous hydrogen nitrate, T1N08; 2HN08
(Wells, Am Ch J 1901, 26 273 )
TWO,, 3HN08 (Ditto)

Thallic nitrate, TKNO8)8+3H20

Effloresces in the air (Meyer. Z anore
1900, 24 361 ) *

-f 6E20, or 8H2O Deliquescent Sol in
H2O

Thallous thallic nitrate, 2T1N08, Tl(N08)j

Decomp by H20 (Wells, Am Ch r
1901, 26 278 )

Thallous uranyl nitrate, T1(U02)(N08)3

Decomp in moist air Decomp bv H )
(Meyer, B 1903, 36 4058 )

Thorium nitrate, Th02, 2N2O6-f-6H20
Crystallized SI hydroscopic (Ful *,

Zeit angew Ch 1897,10 116)

+12H20 Very deliquescent, and sol n

H20 and alcohol
Difficultly sol in acetone (Naumann, J

1904, 37 4328 )

Thorium zinc nitrate, ZnTh(N08)6+8H20

Sol in HNOg, very hydroscopic (Me^ r,
Z anorg 1901, 27 386 )

Thulium nitrate, Tm2(N08)6 +8H20

Deliquescent Can readily be cryst fi n
HN03 (James, J Am Chem Soc 1911, J
1344)

Tin (stannous) nitrate, basic, 2SnO, N206

Difficultly sol with partial decomp mB )
(Weber, J pr (2), 26 121 )

Tin (stannous) nitrate, Sn(NO3)2+20H20

Deliquescent, and easily decomp (Wei r,
J pr (2) 26 121 )

Tin (stannic) nitrate, basic, 4Sn02, N20 }-

4H20
(Thomas, Bull Soc 1896 (3) 15 312 )

Tin (stannic) nitrate, Sn(NO8)4

Sol in H20; but decomp very soon n
standing Stable ID presence of cone HNO h
Aq at 90°, but decomp at 100° (Moi >-
martini, Gazz ch it 22 384 )

Insol in moderately cone HNO3, reac y
decomp by H2O (Engcl, C R 1897, 1 >
710)

Titanium nitrate, 5Ti02, N2O6-f6H20

Sol to a slight milkmess in cold H )
Decomp on boiling (Merz, J pr 99 157

Uranyl nitrate, basic

Sol in H2O (Ordway, Sill Am J (2) >
209)

Uranyl nitrate, U02(N08)j

+H20 (de Forcrand, C R 1913, 1 >
1046 )

Sol in fuming HN08 from which it » n
be cryst

+2H20 52 39 % is sol in dry ether at a
5425% " " " " " " ] 5
(Lebeau, Bull Soc 1911, (4) 9 300)

NITRATE, URANYL

601

-f-2H2O (Vasiheff, C C 1910, II 1527 )
+3H2O Mpt 1215° (Vasiheff)
Cryst out of hot HN08+Aq (Ditte )
100 pts BGSTOs dissolve 39 pts at 14°

Sp gr of solution in H2S04 -f Aq

Pts of salt in.
100 pts H8SO4 1 pt 2 pts 3 pts 4 pts
sp gr 1 138

5 pts

(Ditte, A ch 1879, (5) 18 337 )
+4H2O (de Coninck, C C 1901,1 1354) '

Pemp 11 2° 11 8° 10 7 12 0°

11 4°

-f-6H2O Deliquescent m moist, and efflo-
rescent in drj- air Sol in 0 5 pt cold H20 in

3p gr of solution 1 1427 1 1450 1 1511 1 1540

1 1576

0 3 pt absolute alcohol, and in 4 0 pts etner

(de Coninck )

(Bucholz )
Melts in crystal H20 at 59 4° (Ordway )
1 pt is sol m 2 pts H20 at 129°-142°
(de Coninck, C R 1900, 131 1220 )

Very sol in dil HBr and selemc acid
(d-14) Sol m cone H2S04, HN08, dil
HC1 and less sol in cone HC1 (de Coninck,
C R 1900, 131 1220 )

Solubility m H20 at t°

Sp gr of solution m EBr-f Aq of sp gr 1 21

t° % by wt U02(N03)2 6H20

Sp gr % salt dissolved

—18 1 54 90
—12 1 58 00
— 2 2 62 13

OftO fil

1 2122 1
1 2168 2
1 2198 3

+12 3 67 36
25 6 72 83

1 2250 4
12305 5

36 7 78 05

(de Coninck, Belg Acad Bull 1901

222)

45 2 82 96
71 8 86 32

Insol rnKOH+Aq, NaOH+Aq or NH4OH
+Aq Sol in lime water (de Coninck, C R

(Vasiheff, J Russ Phys Chem Soc 1910,
42 570)

1900,131 1220)
SI attacked by liquid NHS (Gore, Am

Sp gr of (TJ02)(N08)2+Aqatt°

Ch J 1898, 20 830 )
At 15°, uranyl nitrate is sol in comm

t°

% salt

Sp gr

methyl alcohol, dil and eonc ethyl alcohol,
propyl and isobutyl alcohol, comm amyl
alcohol, acetone, ether, ethyl acetate, dil
and cone formic acid and dil acetic acid, si
sol in comm essence of terebenthine, insol
in benzene (cryst ), comm toluene and xylene,
hgroin, CHC13, glycerine and CS2 (de Con-
inck, 6 R 1900, 131 1220 )
1 pt is sol m 55 pts methyl alcohol at ca

11 5
12 4
15 1
14 1
16 7
14 1
15 7

1
2
3

4
5
6

7

1 0049
1 0096
1 01401
1 0187
1 0230
1 8281
1 0236

15 2
16 5

8
9

1 0378
1 0410

11 8
1 pt is sol in 30 pts ethyl alcohol

10 f\o

(85°) at

15 2
13 7
11 5

10
11
12

1 0462
1 0504
1 0550

ca 129
1 pt is sol in 65 pts acetone at ca 12 0
1 pt is sol in 5 6 pts acetic acid (d = 1 035)

14 5

13

1 0594

atca 1425°

11 3

14

1 0643

(de Coninck, C R 1900, 131 1304 )

12 5

15

1 0680

1 pt sol m 23 5 pts methyl alcohol at 11 2°

13 2

16

1 0718

1 " " "160 " ether

te tr\ QO

(de Coninck, C R 1900, 131 1219 )

1 " " " 18 4 ll ethyl acetate xv o
1 " " " 5 3 " cone formic acid at

Sp gr of a sat aq solution = 1 7536 at 17°

151°

containing 54 77% U02(N08)2 ^

(de Comnck, C R 1901, 132 91 )

Sp gr =10257 when 280% U02(N03)2
is present (Vassihev, C C 1912 I, 1430 )

Sp gr of solution in HN03+Aq

Pts of salt in
100 pts HNOa
sp gr 1 153

1

2

3

4

5

Temp

11 0°

11 8°

11 3°

12 0°

11 6°

Sp gr of the so
lution

1 1585

1 1614

1 1663

1 1698

1 1751

(de Coninck, C R 1901, 132 90 )

Sp gr of solution in comm methyl alcohol
at t

t°

% salt

Sp gr referred
toHaO

11

12 9
12 2
10 7
12 8

1

2
3

4
5

08902
0 8938
0 9003
0 9068
0 9108

(de Coninck, C R 1900, 131 1304 )

602

NITRATE AMMONIA, URANYL

Sp gr of solution in ethyl alcohol (85°) at t°
d2=sp gr referred to alcohol
di = sp gr referred to H20

Ytterbium nitrate
Very sol in H20
+3H20 Ppt (Cleve, Z anorg 190
32 140)
+4H20 (Cleve )

Yttrium nitrate, basic, 2Y203, 3N206+9H2(
Deliquescent in moist air Decomp b
cold or boiling H2O Sol in a solution <
yttrium nitrate without decomp (Bahr an
Bunsen, A 137 1 )

t°

% salt

di

d2

11 9
12 2
11 6
13 1

11 7

1

2
3

4
5

0 8918
0 8979
0 9023
0 9056
0 9131

1 0060
1 0127
1 0177
1 0227
1 0280

(de Coninck, C R 1900, 131 1219 )

Sp gr of solution in acetic acid (d =

att°

di=sp gr referred to H2O
d2=sp gr referred to acetic acid

= 1055)

t°

%salt

di

d2

14 0
13 8

14 8
16 9
14 6
10 4
11 7

1

2
3

4
5
6

7

1 0387
1 0434
1 0469
1 0505
1 0564
1 0626
1 0662

1 0034
1 0080
1 0100
1 0148
1 0205
1 0265
1 0300

(de Coninck, C R 1900, 131 1304 )

When excess of U02(NOS)2 is shaken with
ether at 7°, two layers are formed, the ether
layer containing 59 g salt per 100 g solution
and the aqueous layer 62 5 g salt per 100 g
solution (Lebeau, C R 1911, 152 440 )

Sol in nearly all proportions in glycerine
(Postans, Pharm J 1883, (3) 13 752 )

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (JNaumann,
B 1904, 37 3601 )

Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899
II, 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4328 )

+18H2O Sat aq solution has D17°/l 7° =
1 7536 (Vasilieff, J Russ phys Chem Soc
1911,43 1183)

Uranyl nitrate ammonia, (U02)(NOS)2,

2NH8

(v Unruh. Dissert 1909 )
(UO2)(N03)2, 3NH3 (v Unruh)
(UO2)(NO3)2, 4NH8 (v Unruh)

Uranyl nitrate phosphate, U02H4(P04)2,

U02(N03)2+14H2O

Easily sol in warm H2O, with gradual
decomp Easily sol in HN03, HC1, or
HoSO4+Aq Sol in acetic acid with decomp
(Heintz, A 161 216 )

Ihvanadyl nitrate (?)

Known only in solution
evaporation

Ytterbium nitrate, basic
Easily sol in H20

Decomp on

Yttrium nitrate, Y(N08)3-f6H20
Easily sol in H20, alcohol, or ethe

(Cleve )
141 6 grams are sol in 100 grams H20 i

25° (James, J Am Chem Soc 1910, 3'

876)

Zinc nitrate, basic, SZnO, N20B+2H20

Insol in H20 (GrouveUe, A ch 19 137

6ZnO, N205-f8H20=Zn(NO8)2, 5Zn(OH
+3H2O (Bertels, J B 1784 274 )

5ZnO, N2O6+5J^H20 Insol in col<
somewhat sol in hot H20 (Havennann

+6H20 Slowly decomp by cold H2(
(Rousseau and Tite )

9ZnO, 2N206 Decomp by H2O (Vog
and Reischauer, N Jahrb Pharm 11 137

4ZnO, N206-f-2H20 (Schmdler )

+3H20 (Ordway, Sill Am J (2) 32 1<
Gerhardt, J Pharm (3) 12 61 )

Insol in H20, sol in dil acids (Athai
asesco, Bull Soc 1896, 15 1080 )

2ZnO,N206+3H20 Decomp byH2O,an
slowly by alcohol (Wells, Am Ch J 9 304

7ZnO, 4N205+14H20=4Zn(NX)3)2,
3Zn(OH)2-hllH2O (Bertels )

Zinc nitrate, Zn(N03)->

Very deliquescent Easily sol in H2O c
alcohol

Sp gr of Zn(N03)2+Aq F =a< cording t
Franz (J pr (2) 5 ,274) at 17 5°, O =accor(
mg to Oudemans (Z anal 7 410) at 14°

5 10 15%/nrNO,)

F 1 0496 1 0968 1 147<>
0 1 0425 1 087 1 H5r>

20

1 2024
1 1875

25

1 2640
1 245

30%Zn(NO3)

305

50%Zn(NO8)
1 59S4

35 40 45

F 1 906 1 4572 1 5258
0

Calculated tor Zn(N03)2-f 6H2O

10 20 30 40 50% sal

1 05361 1 1131 1 1782 1 2496 1 3292
(Oudemans )

Zn(N03)2+Aq when heated soon decon
poses, with formation of an msol basic sal
'Ordway )

NITRIC OXIDE

Sp gr of Zn(NOs)2-fAq at room temp
containing

15 955 30 626 44 5% Zn(NO3)2
1 1155 1 2291 1 4367

(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 270 )
Sp gr ofZn(N03)2+Aqat25°

Concentration of
Zn(NOs)2+Aq

1-normal

Sp gr

1 0758
1 0404
1 0191
1 0096

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 6 40 )
Sp gr of Zn(N03)2+Aq at 16°

H Zn(NOs)2 g per 1000
g of solution

Sp gr 16°/160

0 0000
0 9950
2 0061
4 1535
8 1824
17 7760
34 5920
68 6780

1 000000
1 000814
1 001646
1 003413
1 006733
1 014702
1 028890
1 058644

(Dijken, Z phys Ch 1897, 24 108 )

Sp gr of Zn(N03)2+Aqatl73°,whenp =
per cent strength of solution, d = observed
density, w = volume cone in grams per cc

p

d

w

47 28

1 5504

0 73310

41 32

1 4579

0 60240

30 86

1 3136

0 40535

29 21

1 2933

0 37780

19 65

1 1S30

0 23246

14 39

1 1284

0 16232

11 36

1 098S

0 12478

7 091

1 0507

0 07515

5 923

1 0491

0 06213

1 574

1 0118

0 01593

1 210

1 0087

0 01221

(Barnes, J Phys Chem 1898, 2 545 )

Very easily sol in liquid NH3 (franklin,
Am Ch J 1898, 20 830 )

-J-1J^H/) 100 pts HN03 dissolve 28
pts at 13°, 55 pts at 55° (Ditte, A ch
1879, (5) 18 335 )

-f 2H20 (Vaaheff, C C 1909, II 1966 )

+3H20

Solubility in H20

Sat solution contains at
37° 40° 41° 43° 45 5° mpt
66 38 67 42 68 21 69 26 77 77% Zn(NO3)2
(Funk, Z anorg 1899, 20 401 )

+6H20

Solubility in H2O

Sat solution contains at
—18° —15° —13°
44 63 45 26 45 51

0°
48 66

-f 12 5° 18°
52 00 53 50

—12°
45 75%Zn)N03)2,

25°
55 90% Zn(N08)2,

36 4° (mpt )
63 63

33 5°
65 83% Zn(N08)2

(Funk, Z anorg 1899, 20 400 )

36°
64 73

100 g Zn(N03)2+Aq sat at 0° contain
48 7 g Zn(NO3)2, at 18°, 53 5 g Zn(N08)2
(Myhus, Z anorg 1910, 74 411 )

Melts in its crystal H20 at 36 4° (Ordway),
50° (Pierre), boils at 131° (Ordway)

Sp gr of solution sat at 18° = 1664, and
contains 539% Zn(N03)? (Myhus, B
1897,30 1718)

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910, 43 314 )

+9H2O

Solubility m H20

Sat solution contains at
—25° —-225° —20° —18°
40 12 40 75 42 03 43 59% Zn(NO3)2

Cryohydrate is formed at — 29°
(Funk, Z anorg 1899, 20 401 )

Zinc nitrate ammonia, Zn(N03)2, 4NH3

Ppt (Ephraim, B 1915, 48 63S )

+ViHaO

Deliquescent Sol in H2O (Andre, C R
100 639)

13ZnO, 3N205, 2NH3+18H2O

Insol in cold, decomp by warm H20
(Andre, C R 1885, 100 640 )

Zinc nitrate cupnc oxide,

Zn(N03) , 3CuO+3H20
(Mailhc, A ch 1902, (7^ 27 169 )

Zinc nitrate hydrazuie, Zn(N03)2, 3N2H4

Decomp by hot H^O

Sol in NH4OH (Ininzen, Z inoig
1908, 60 279 )

Zirconium nitrate, basic, 3ZrO2, 2N 05
Insol in H/)

Zr02, N2O5 Easily sol in H2O and alcohol
+H2O As above

Zirconium nitrate, Zr(NO3)4+5H20 (?)
Deliquescent, and sol in H2O

Nitric oxide, NO
See Nitrogen cfooxide

604

NITRILOBROMOSMIC ACID

Nitnlobromosmic acid

Ammonium mtriloperitabromosmate,
[OsNBr6](NH4)2+H2O

Very sol in H20 Decomp in dil aq
solution

Stable m HBr+Aq

Insol in organic solvents (Werner, B
1906, 39 501 )

mtrilopentabromosmate,

Cs&sium hydrogen

[OsNBr6]2Cs3H
SI sol in H20 (Werner )

Potassium mtrilotelmbromosmate,

[OsNBr4]K+2H20

Very sol in H20 Decomp in aq solution
Stable m HBr+Aq Insol in organic sol-
vents (Werner )

Rubidium mtnlope^abromosmate,

[OsNBr5]Rb2

Sol in H20 Decomp in dil aq solution
after a short time (Werner )

Nitnlochlorosmic acid

Ammonium mtnlope^iachlorosmate,

(OsNCl6)(NH4)2

Sol in H20, insol in cone HCl+Aq
(Werner, B 1901, 34 2702 )

Caesium mtnlopentohlorosmate,

(OsNCl«)Cs2
Sol mH20 (Werner)

Potassium mtnlopenlochlorosmate,

(OsNCl6)K2

Sol in H2O, pptd by HC1, insol in organic
solvents (Werner )

Rubidium rutnlope^iochlorosmate,

(OsNCl6)Rb2

Sol in H20, decomp in dil neutral solu-
tion (Werner )

Nitnlofnmetaphosphoric acid, H2NP807«
PO^OH

(Mente, A 248

3^0H

Known only in solution
260)

Aluminum nitnloinmeiaphosphate

Insol m H20, cone HC1, or HN08+Aq
Slowly sol in boiling cone H2SO4 Sol m
warm NaOH+Aq or Na2C03+Aq without
decomp Insol in NH4OH+Aq (Mente )

Barium , BaNP307

Insol in dil or cone acids Decomp by
boiling NaOH or Na2C03+Aq Insol in
NH4OH +Aq (Mente )

Cadmium mtnlo^nmetophosphate

Easily sol in NH4OH+Aq, or boilii
(NH4)2C03, or NaOH+Aq (Mente )

Calcium , CaNP807+H2O

Sol m cone HCl-j-Aq by long boiling, ai
more easily m fuming HN08+Aq Insol
NH4OH or NaOH+Aq (Mente )

Chromium — >•— *

Slowly sol m dil acids Easily sol
ammonia Sol in cold NaOH+Aq (Ment<

Cobalt , CoNP807+H20

Insol m H20 SI sol m dil acids Easi
sol in NH4OH+Aq Decomp by NaOH
Na2C08+Aq (Mente)

Copper

Sol in NH4OH+Aq
+Aq (Mente )

Decomp by NaO

Feme — , Fe2(NP807)3

Insol in cone acids Easily sol inNH40
+Aq or (NH4)2C08-l-Aq Decomp I
NaOH or Na2C08+Aq (Mente )

Lead —

Insol in dil acids Sol in fuming HNC
Insol in NH4OH+Aq Sol in NaOH -f A
(Mente )

Magnesium , MgNP807+H20

Slowly sol m HCl+Aq Sol in H2S04
fuming HN03 with addition of Br2 Insc
m NH4OH or (NH4)2C08+Aq (Mente )

Manganous , MnNP307-f-H2O

Insol in dil acids Very si sol in NaOH
Aq Insol in Na2C08 or (NH4)2CO3+A
Easily sol m NH4OH+Aq (Mente)

Mercurous , Hg2NP807

Insol in dil acids, NH4OH, NaOH, .
(NH4)2C03-fAq Easily sol m fumn
HN03 (Mente )

Nickel , NiNP807+H2O

Insol in dil acids, NH4OH, or (NH4)2C(
+Aq (Mente )

Zinc , ZnNP807+2H20

Easily sol in NH4OH, NaOH, .
(NH4)2C03-{-Aq (Mente )

Nitnlosulphomc acid, N(S03H)3

Not known in free state (Raschig, A 24
161)

Potassium mtnlosulphonate, N(S08K)3+

2H20

Soluble in H20 (Raschig, A 241 161)
Is identical with "potassium ammoninsu

phonate" of Claus

NITROGEN

605

Insol in cold H20 (Glaus), sol in 50 pts
H20 at 23° (Fremy), in H2O at scarcely 40°
without change Decomp by boiling (Glaus)

Potassium sodium nitnlosulphonate,

N(S03K)2(SOsNa)

Nearly msol m cold H20 (Raschig, A
241 161 )

Sodium mtnlosulphonate, N(SOsNa)3

Not isolated on account of its extreme
solubility in H20 (Raschig, A 241 161 )

Nitnloc^sulphophosphoric acid.

NP(SH)2

Decomp by H20 (Stock, B 1906, 39
2001)

Ammonium mtnlocfosulphophosphate.
NP(SNH4)2

Easily sol in H20 Not decomp by boiling
with alkali Decomp by acid (Stock )

Easily sol in liquid NHS (Stock, B 1903,
36 315 )

Ammonium hydrogen mtnlo^sulphophos-

phate, SHP(SNH4)N

Not decomp by boiling with alkali De-
comp by acids (Stock, B 1906, 39 1999 )

Barium rntrilocfesulphophosphate, BaNPS2+

H20

Sol in H2O with decomp Decomp by
hot H20 Not decomp by warming with
alkali Decomp by acid (Stock )

Lead nitnlo<fosulphophosphate, NPSaPb

Sol m liquid NH3 Solution decomp
rapidly with separation of PbS (Stock )

Sodium mtnlo^sulphophosphate, NPSNa2

Not decomp by boiling with alkali De-
comp by acid (Stock )

Nitrilosulphunc acid

Ammonium nitnlosulphate, N(S03NH4)3 +

2H20

Rather si sol m H20, but much more sol
than K salt (Divers and Haga, Chem Soc
1901, 79 1094 )

Sodium nitnlosulphate, N(S03Na)3-h5H2O

Very sol m H20 (Divers and Haga,
Chem Soc 1901,79 1097)

Nitrilosulphurous acid

Ammonium mtnlosulphite, NH(S02NH4)2

Somewhat deliquescent Very sol m H20
Slowly decomp m solution Decomp by
boiling with HC1 (Divers, Proc Chem Soc
1901, 17 163 ) ;

Nitntocobaltic chlonde

Sol in 200 pts cold H20
anorg 5 172)

(Jorgensen, Z

Nitntoplatincfoamine nitrate,

(N02)2Pt(N H6N03)2

Sol m cold H20 with decomp , violently
decomp on warming (Hadow. Chem Soc
(2)4345)

Nitntopurpureocobaltic comps
See Xanthocobalnc comps

Nitntopinpureorhodium comps
See Xanthorhodium comps

Nitrocarbamic acid

Potassium mtrocarbamate, N02 NK COOK
Decomp by H20 (Thiele, B 1894, 27
1909)

Kitro cobalt, Co2N02

Decomp by H20 (Sabatier and Sender-
ens, C R 115 236 )

Nitro copper, CuN02

Violently decomp by H2O (Sabatier and
Senderens, C R 116 756 )

Nitrofemcyanhydnc acid
See Nitroprussic acid

Nitrogen, N2

Nearly msol in all known solvents

1 vol recently boiled H O absorbs 0 0147 vol N at
15 5° (Henry 1803 )

1 vol recently boiled HzO absorbs 0 02 > vol N
(Dalton )

1 vol recently boiled HjO absorbs 001 jft Vol N at
ord temp (Dalton )

1 vol H20 at t° and 760 mm absoibs V vols
N gas reduced to 0° and 7(>() mm

t°

V

t

V

t

v

0

0 02035

7

0 01713

14

0 01500

1

0 01981

8

0 01675

15

0 0147S

2

0 01932

9

0 01640

16

0 01458

3

0 01884

10

0 01607

17

0 01441

4

0 01838

11

0 01577

18

0 01426

5

0 01794

12

0 01549

10

0 01413

6

0 01752

13

0 01523

20

0 01403

(Bunsen )

Coefficient of absorption = 0020346-
0 00053887t+0 000011156t2 (Bunsen )

•606

NITROGEN

1 1 H20 absorbs com N from atmospheric air
at 760 mm pressure and t°

t°

ccm N

t°

com N

0

19 29

15

13 95

5

17 09

20

12 80

10

15 36

25

11 81

(Dittmar, Challenger Exped Report, vol i )

t°

ccm N

t°

ccm N

0
5
10

19 14
16 93
15 14

15
20
25

13 73
12 63
11 80

(Hamberg, 1885 )

Absorption of N by H20 at t° and 760 mm
j8 = coefficient of absorption

t°

ft

t°

ft

t°

ft

0

0 02388

18

0 01696

36

0 01252

1

2337

19

1667

37

1233

2

2288

20

1639

38

1215

3

2241

21

1611

39

1198

4

2196

22

1584

40

1182

5

2153

23

1557

41

1166

6

2111

24

1530

42

1151

7

2070

25

1504

43

1137

8

2031

26

1478

44

1124

9

1993

27

1453

45

1111

10

1956

28

1428

46

1099

11

1920

29

1404

47

1088

12

1885

30

1380

48

1078

13

1851

31

1357

49

1069

14

1818

32

1334

50

1061

15

1786

33

1312

60

1000

16

1755

34

1291

100

1000

17

1725

35

1271

(Bohr and Bock, W Ann 44 318 )

Absorption of N by H20 at t° and 760 mm
/3 = coefficient of absorption, ft ^'Solu-
bility" (see under Oxygen)

t

ft

fti

0

0 02348

0 02334

1

2291

2276

2

2236

2220

3

2182

2166

4

2130

2113

5

2081

2063

6

2032

2013

7

1986

1966

8

1941

1920

9

1898

1877

10

1857

1834

11

1819

1795

12

17S2

1758

13

1747

1722

14

1714

1687

Absorption of N by H2O at t° — Contvnu&
f $ fr

15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
66
68
70
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
90
92
94
96
98
100

0 1682
1651
1622
1594
1567
1542
1519
1496
1473
1452
1432
1411
1392
1374
1356
1340
1321
1304
1287
1270
1254
1239
1224
1210
1196
1183
1171
1160
1149
1139
1129
1120
1111
1102
1094
1087
1072
1058
1045
1033
1022
1011
1001
0992
0983
0976
0970
0965
0961
0959
0957
0956
0955
0954
0953
0952
0951
0950
0949
0948
0947

0 1654
1622
1591
1562
1534
1507
1482
1457
1433
1410
1387
1365
1344
1323
1303
1284
1263
1243
1224
1204
1185
1167
1149
1131
1114
1097
1082
1067
1052
1037
1023
1009
0995
0982
0968
0955
0929
0902
0876
0849
OS22
0794
0765
0736
0707
0676
0645
0614
0581
0546
0510
0472
0432
0388
0343
0294
0242
0187
0128
0066
0000

(Wmkler, B 24 3606 )

NITROGEN

607

Coefficient of absorption for H20=0 01432
at 25°, 001621 at 20°, 001789 at 15°,
002003 at 10°, 002173 at 5° (Braun, Z
phys Ch 1900, 33 730 )

Solubility m H20 at various pressures

V= volume of the absorbing liquid
P=Hg-pressure in metres
X— coefficient of solubility

Absorption of N2 by distilled
a=cem of N2 absorbed by 1
t° and 760 mm

H20 at t°
1 of H20 at

t°

cc

t°

a

t°

a

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

23 00
22 50
22 02
21 55
21 09
20 64
20 20
19 77
19 35
18 94
18 54
18 16
17 80
17 46
17 14
16 84
16 56

17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33

16 29
16 03
15 78
15 54
15 29
15 06
14 84
14 63
14 43
14 23
14 04
13 87
13 71
13 55
13 39
13 23
13 08

34
35

36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

12 93
12 79
12 65
12 52
12 39
12 27
12 15
12 04
11 92
11 80
11 68
11 57
11 46
11 35
11 24
11 13
11 02

V

t°

P

X

33 134 ccm

19 4

0 8910
1 0453
1 2488
1 4764
1 8111
2 3961
2 9074
3 3411
4 1382
4 5958
5 1103
5 8349
6 2767
7 1059
7 5815
8 1074

0 01617
0 01616
0 01611
0 01608
0 01602
0 01597
0 01585
0 01579
0 01561
0 01554
0 01546
0 01528
0 01515
0 01499
0 01487
0 01473

(Fox, Trans Faraday Soc 1909, 5 73 )

Solubility m H20 at 25° = 0 1561 (Drucker
and Moles, Z phys Ch 1910, 75 418 )
Solubility of N2 m H2O at 25° =00231
(Calculated according to special formula, for
which see original article ) (Findlay and
Craghton, Chem Soc 1911, 99 1315 )
Coefficient of absorption for H2O = 0 01689
at 15°, 001670 at 162°, 001622 at 172°
(Muller, Z phys Ch 1912, 81 493 )

1 1 sea water (sp gr 1 027) absorbs ccm N
from atmosphere at t° and 760 mm
pressure —

32 152 ccm

24 9

0 8977
1 0129
1 1887
1 5573
1 9846
2 5171
2 8781
3 2956
4 0947
4 5581
5 0529
5 5935
6 1956
7 0333
7 5596
?4 1846

0 01498
0 01493
0 01491
0 01487
0 01482
0 01478
0 01463
0 01455
0 01440
0 01434
0 01426
0 01413
0 01408
0 01382
0 01377
0 01369

t

According to
Tornoe

According to
Dittimir

\ccordmk to
Hamberg

0
5
10
15
20
25

14 40
13 25
12 10
10 95

15 60
13 S6
12 47
11 34
10 41
9 62

14 85
13 32
12 06
11 04
10 25
9 62

(Cassuto, Phys Zeit 1904, 5 236 )

Coefficient of absorption foi H20 = 001565
at 20 18° (Hufner, Z phys Ch 1907, 57
615)

No of ccm of N2 (containing 1 185% argon)
absorbed by a 1 of sea- water fiom a free
dry atmosphere of 760 mm pressure at
given temperatures

Cl 0 4 *
per 1000

12 1(> 20 2

4 2S

0
4
S •
12
16
20

_>

1 1 -'

<)80

" 9 41

(Fox, Trans Faraday Soc 1909, 5

77)

60S

NITROGEN

Absorption of N2 by H2S04+Aq at t°
d = coefficient of absorption

1 vol alcohol at t° and 760 mm dissolves
vols N gas reduced to 0° and 760 mm

t°

V

t°

V

Normality of the acid

t°

a

0

0 12634

13

0 12192

o

20 9

0 0156

1

0 12593

14

0 12166

4 9

20 9

0 0091

2

0 12553

15

0 12142

8 9

20 9

0 0072

3

0 12514

16

0 12119

10 7

21 2

0 0066

4

0 12476

17

0 12097

20 3

21 1

0 0049

5

0 12440

18

0 12076

24 8

21 5

0 0048

6

0 12405

19

0 12056

29 6

20 8

0 0051

7

0 12371

20

0 12030

34 3

20 9

0 0100

8

0 12338

21

0 12021

35 8

21 1

0 0129

9

0 12306

22

0 12005

10

0 12276

23

0 11990

(Bohr, Z phys Ch 1910, 71 49 )

11
12

0 12247
0 12219

24

0 11976

Absorption of Nz by BaCl2+Aq
at0 = coefficient of absorption at t°

Per cent of
BaCla in
the solution

d25°

a20°

al5°

alO°

a5°

Solubility in alcohol at 25°

Vol HsO

Vol % alcohol

Solubility

13 830
11 927
6 903
6 738
3 870
3 325

0 00783
0 00855
0 01044
0 01036
0 01137
0 01190

0 00923
0 00976
0 01184
0 01182
0 01323
0 01346

0 01036
0 01139
0 01317
0 01340
0 01480
0 01502

0 01166
0 01249
0 01474
0 01494
0 01660
0 01681

0 01270
0 01368
0 01598
0 01628
0 01802
0 01826

100
80
67
0

0
20
33
100

0 01634
0 01536
0 01719
0 1432

(Bunsen's Gasometry )

1 vol alcohol absorbs 0 126338-0 0004181 -
0 0000060t2 vols tt gas (Carms, A 94 13' )

(Braun, Z phys Ch 1900, 33 733 )

Absorption of Nz by NaCl+Aq
at °= coefficient of absorption at t°

(Just, Z phys Ch 1901, 37 361 )

1 vol ether absorbs 0 15 vol N (Doberemer) 1
caoutchine absorbs 5 vols N in 5 weeks (Himly)

Solubility of N2 in ether = 02580 at (
02561 at 10° (Christoff, Z phys Ch 19
79 459 )

Per cent of
NaCl in
the solution

a25°

a20°

al5°

alO°

a5°

Solubility in organic solvents

Solvent

Solubility
at 25 C

Solu
bihtv
at 20 C

ds
dt

11 732
10 945
8 135
8 033
6 595
6 400
4 196
3 880
2 120
2 100
0 686
0 671

0 00470
0 00565
0 00749
0 00729
0 00802
0 00826
0 00990
0 01005
0 01131
0 01133
0 01295
0 01304

0 00657
0 00703
0 00872
0 00871
0 00972
0 00975
0 01151
0 01168
0 01311
0 01314
0 01477
0 01484

0 OOSIO
0 00824
0 01014
0 00995
0 01120
0 01134
0 01294
0 01316
0 01469
0 01467
0 01640
0 01642

0 00930
0 00912
0 01131
0 01121
0 01252
0 01259
0 01451
0 01475
0 01638
0 01656
0 01833
0 01845

0 01016
0 01052
0 01266
0 01248
0 01380
0 01375
0 01579
0 01615
0 01795
0 01805
0 01994
0 02000

Glycerine

Water
Aniline
Carbon bisulphide
Nitrobenzene
Benzene
Glacial acetic acid
Xylene
Amyl alcohol
Toluene
Chloroform
Methyl alcohol
Fthvl alcohol (99 8%)
Acetone
Amyl acetate
Ethyl acetate
Isobutyl aceate

Not
measurable
0 01031
0 03074
0 05860
0 06255
0 1159
0 1190
0 1217
0 1225
0 1235
0 1348
0 H15
0 1432
0 1460
0 1542
0 1727
0 1734

0 01705
0 02902
0 0)200
0 ()(>OS2
0 114
0 1172
0 1185
0 120S
0 1186
0 1282
0 1348
0 1400
0 US*
0 1512
0 1678
0 1701

— 0 000
+0 000
+0 001
+0 000
4- 0 000
+0 000
+0 000
-1-0 000
+0 000
+0 001
+0 001
+0 000
+0 001
+0 000
+0 000
+0 000

(Braun, I c )

At — 191 5° liquid oxygen dissolves 458
tunes its vol or 50 7 per cent of its weight of
gaseous nitrogen (Erdmann, B 1904, 37
1191)

(Just, Z phys Ch 1901, 37 361 )

2

4

At 18° and 760 mm 100 vols H2O or alcohol of 0 84
sp gr absorb 4 2 vols N gas (de Saussure 1814 )

0 117 at 20°, 0 135, at 10° (Gmewasz a
Walfisz, Z phys Ch 1 70 )

600

NITROGEN

Absorption of N2 by propiomc acid-f-Aq
at0 = coefficient of absorption at t°

Absorption of N2 by organic substances Aq
at 15
P = % of the organic substance m th< md-

vent j, i r<>
£15° = coefficient of absorption at xo
S15°= Solubility at 15°

— ~— — —

Per cent of
propiomc o
acid m the a25
solution

a20° al5° aiO° a5°

11 220
11 023
9 537
9 155 0 01329
6 066
5 891
4 081 0 01365 (
3 816 0 01371 (

<

) OU69|0 01630|0 01845|0 02026

) 01541 0 01688 0 01919 0 02095
) 01547 0 01674 0 01915 0 02087

Organic substance
used

P

015°

H15°

Chloralhydrate

0
0
0
6 9
14 0
15 0
23 6
26 1
37 6
48 9
49 3
61 3
70 9
71 2
78 3
79 1

0 O1725
0 01675
0 01706
0 0164
0 0154
0 0152
0 O134
0 0141
0 0123
0 O115
0 0118
0 O114
0 0131
0 0130
0 0152
0 0156

0 01796

0 017**
0 0102
O O100
0 0141
0 0149
0 0130
0 0121
0 0124
0 0120
0 01*8
0 01 *7
0 OHIO
0 OHWS

(Braun, Z phys Ch 1900, 33 732 )

Solubility of N2 in isobutync acid+Aq at t°

P = Corrected pressure at end of experi-
ment in mm Hg at 0°
S= Solubility of N2

Solvent

t°

P

S

Pure isobutync
acid

25 05

262 6
388 3
566 1
662 4
783 5
832 2

0 1609(?)
0 1640
0 1647
0 1656
0 1656
0 1656

Glycenne

0
0

15 7
15 7
29 9
46 6
57 6
67 1
72 8
74 7
77 0
85 1
87 3
8S 5
99 25

0 01707
0 017O8
0 01425
0 01 W>
0 01087
0 OO840
O OO60S
0 00635
0 OOr>r>2
0 OO507
O OO527
O 004S2
O 001<>2
O 0()rH<»
O ()()r)21

37 5% solution
of isobutync
acid-f-Aq
Vapor pressure =
21 6 mm

23 02

246 2
492 2
563 6
836 3
867 3

0 0393
0 0393
0 0393
0 0400
0 0401

((

Vapor pressuie =
30 b mm

29 02

231

468 4
480 7
536
656
720

0 0373
0 0384
0 0383
0 0385
0 0384
0 0386

(Druckor and Moles, Z phys Ch 1910, 75
434)

Absorption of N2 by ohloralhydrite-f Aq

t° = temp of the solution
P= % < hloi ilhydi itc in the solution
£t° = coefnn< nt of ibsorption it t°
j815° = cocffi(Knt of absorption at 15°

(Hammel, Z phys Ch 191 r>, 90 1J1

Absoiption of Na by gly< c mu J \<j

t° = tomp of the solution
P=% glycerine in the soliit 1011
j8t° = coefficient of ibsoiption it t°
j815° = coefficient of ibfaoi pi ion it 1 ">

t°

P

0t°

015°

15 6
15 4
16 4
16 0
17 0
15 3
14 8

15 8
2S 2
37 25
47 0
56 52
71 5
78 8

0 01574
0 01418
0 01288
0 01260
0 01230
0 01415
0 01447

0 01580
0 01422
0 01300
0 01275
0 01245
0 01420
0 01495

(Muller, Z phys Ch 1912, 81 499 )

t°

P

0t°

/*!

16 1

25 0

0 01240

O OUlrt.

15 6

42 2

0 0090()

O OO()7<>

14 7

51 5

0 00759

O ()()7 >«)

14 9

58 0

0 0070 i

O O07O

15 9

80 25

0 OO52O

O ()() > >()

16 2

90 0

0 00570

<) onv% >

18 0

95 0

0 0057S

O ()f)7li»

(Muller, Z phys Ch 1012, 81 1<M, i

610

NITROGEN BROMOPHOSPHIDE

Solubility of N2 in glycerine -j-Aq at 25°
G fs % by wt of glycerine in the solvent
S= solubility of N2

P = corrected pressure at end of experiment
in rnTn Hg at 0°

G

P

s

16

598 4

0 0103

1C

915 5

0 0103

29 7

556 5

0 0067

(C

846 5

0 0068

48 9

617 7

0 0052

a

859 8

0 0051

74 5

588 5

0 0025

84 1

637 3

0 0024

a

757 0

0 0024

(Drucker and Moles, Z phys Ch 1910, 75
418)

Absorption of N2 by sucrose +Aq
t0s=temp of the solution
P = % sucrose in the solution
£t° = coefficient of absorption at t°
£15° = coefficient of absorption at 15°

t°

P

0t°

£15°

16 2
17 2

0 01670
0 01622

0 01700
0 01688

16 8
16 9
17
17 8

18
17 7

11 38
20 00
29 93
30 12
47 89
48 57

0 01432
0 01233
0 01025
0 01033
0 00742
0 00658

0 01480
0 01280
0 01053
0 01090
0 00785
0 00700

(Muller, Z phys Ch 1912, 81 493 )

Absorption of N2 by organic substances +Aq
att°

V = absorbed volume reduced to 0° and
760mm

a =s coefficient of absorption

Solution

Vol of
solution
com

t

v

com

a

N-dextrose

409 94

20 18

4 55

0 01215

J-^N-dextrose

409 94

20 21

5 14

0 01380

^N~dextrose

409 94

20 2

5 51

0 01480

• N-levulose

409 94

20 25

4 27

0 01221

j N-arabmose

409 94

20 21

4 40

0 01203

{ N-erythntol

409 94

20 25

4 87

0 01321

t N—alanme

409 94

20 19

4 445

0 01213

[ N-glycocoll

409 94

20 16

4 47

0 01212

( N-urea

409 94

20 18

5 37

0 01477

i N-acetamide

409 94

20 22

5 385

0 01475

(Hufner, Z phys Ch 1907, 57 618-621 )

Nitrogen bromide, NBr3
Decomp under H20

Nitrogen bromophosphide, PBr2N

Insol in H20 Sol m ether, less sol in C 2
or CHC13 (Besson, C R 114 1479 )

Nitrogen bromosulphide
See Nitrogen sulphobromide

Nitrogen chlonde, NC13

Very unstable Explodes when heated D
93° or by contact with other substanc
Insol in H2O, but is decomp thereby (m 1
hours by cold H20) Sol in CS2, PC13, a 1
S2C12 (H Davy, Phil Trans 1813, L 24 )

Sol in C6H6, CS2, CHCle, CC14 (HentscJ 1
B 1897,30 1434)

Nitrogen chlorophosphide, '.

Insol in H20, but slowly decomp theret
Insol in hot H2SO4, HC1, or HNO3+^
Decomp by hot fuming HN03 Sol in -
cohol, very sol in ether, but these solutic s
gradually decompose Sol in CS2, CHC i,
CeHe, and oil of turpentine

Sol in POC13 (Gladstone, Chem Soc
138)

Nitrogen chlorosulphide
See Nitrogen sulphochlonde

Nitrogen fluonde
Very explosive (Warren, C N 56 289

Nitrogen monoiodamine, NH2I

Very rapidly decomp by H20 into N2H 3
(Raschig, A 230 212 )

Nitrogen tfoiodanune, NHI2
Properties as Zraoddiammc

Nitrogen Zmod<foamine, NH3, NI3
Decomp by H2O (Raschig, A 230 21 )
Insol in absolute alcohol Sol with

comp in HCl+Aq (Bunsen )

Nitrogen iodide, N3I
See Tnazoiodide

Nitrogen iodide, NIa

Insol m H20, but slowlv decomp there y
Sol in HCl+Aq Sol m KCN+Aq (ft 1-
lon, J pr 17 1 )

Sol in Na S203+Aq (Guyard, CRT
526)

Sol inKSCN+Aq (Raschig, A 230 2 ')

Nitrogen iodide ammonia, NI3, 3NH3, I [8,
2NH3, and NI3, NH3

(Hugot, C R 1900, 130 507 )

NI3, 12NH3 Ppt , msol in ethei (R ff,
B 1900, 33 3028 )

NITROGEN OXIDE

611

Nitrogen monoxide, N2O

(a ) Liquid Miscible with alcohol or ether
(b) Gas

1 vol HaO absorbs 0 78-0 86 vol N2O at ordinary
temp (Henry) 080 vol at ordinary temp (Dalton)

0 76 vol at ordinary temp (de Sausaure) 0 708 vol at
18 (Pleisch) 054 vol (Davy)

1 vol H20 at t° and 760 mm absorbs V vols

N20, reduced to 0° and 760 mm

t°

V

t°

V

0

1 3052

13

0 8304

1

1 2605

14

0 8034

2

1 2172

15

0 7778

3

1 1752

16

0 7535

4

1 1346

17

0 7306

5

1 0954

18

0 7090

6

1 0575

19

0 6888

7

1 0210

20

0 6700

8

0 9858

21

0 6525

9

0 9520

22

0 6364

10

0 9196

23

0 6216

11

0 8885

24

0 6082

12

0 8588

(Bunsen's Gasometry )

1 vol HO absorbs 1 30521-0 0453620t-f
0 00068430t2 vols N20 at t° and 760 mm
(Bunsen )

Coefficient of absorption by H20 =0 01S83
at 15° (Sterner, Z phys Ch 1895, 18 14 )

Coefficient of absorption by HO =0600
at 23 5°, 0 773 it 15 5°, 0 951 at 8 1° (Gor-
don, Z phys Ch 1895, 18 4 )

Absorption of N2O by H2O at t°

t

Coefficient of absorption

25

0 5752

20

0 6654

15

0 7896

10

0 9479

5

1 1403

(Roth, / phys Ch 1897, 24 123 )

Solubility in H2() at 25° = 05942, at 20° =
06756, at 15° = 07784, at 10° =00101, it
5° = 1067 (for formuli for "solubility,"
seo under oxygt n ) (Geffcken, Z phys Ch
1904, 49 27S )

Solubility of N2O in H20 = 0 592 at 25° and
758-136° mm pressure (Jmdlay and
Creighton, Chem Soc 1910, 97 538 )

100 vols HjS04 (sp ffr = 1 84) absoib 75 7
vols N20, 100 vols H2SO4H-Aq (sp gr =
1 80) absorb 66 0 vols N20, 100 vols H2SO4
+ \q (sp gr -1 705) absorb 39 1 vols N2O,
100 vols H2S04-fAq (sp gr =145) absorb
41 6 vols N20, 100 vols H2S04-{-Aq (sp gr
= 1 25) absorb 33 0 vols N20

CaCl2+Aq, and NaCl-hAq absorb con-
siderable amounts of N20 (Lunge, B 14
2188)

Absorption by acids -j-Aq
M = content in gram-equivaknts per liter
S = solubility (see under Oxygen)
Absorption of N2O by HN03+4.q

M

S 25

S 15°

0 610
0 614
1 253
1 254
2 405
2 435

0 5969
0 5980
0 6045
0 6061
0 6156
0 6149

0 7770
0 7766
0 7767
0 7767
0 7735
0 7737

(Geffcken, Z phys Ch 1904,49 278)
Absorption of N2O by HCl+Aq

M

S25°

S 15°

0 549
0 550
1 089
1 093
2 300
2 340

0 5775
0 5759
0 5670
0 5657
0 5546
0 5564

0 7550
0 7528
0 7360
0 7347
0 7103
0 7122

Absorpti

(Geffcken )

-n *t 1ST n K,r H2^°4_i_A,

3ii of JN2U by 2 ~rA.q

M

S25

S 15

0 523
0 526
1 050
1 054
2 042
2 047
2 971
2 963
3 897
3 973

0 5648
0 5657
0 5426
0 5419
0 5083
0 5087
0 4819
0 4820
0 4569
0 4577

0 7328
0 7340
0 6997
0 6984
0 6440
0 6428
0 6024
0 6030
0 564S
0 5640

(Geffcken )
Absorption of N^O by H3P04+Aq at t°

t

5
10
15
20
25

% of rr3po4

^ 18% 472/0 SS4<^

<) 8<)% 1 i *o%

1 057 1 0365 0 9KS3
0 8827 0 86()5 0 S296
0 73S8 0 725S 0 0977
0 6253 0 6147 0 5925
0 5427 0 5329 0 5143

0 9635 0 <U71
0 S101 0 7711
0 b826 0 6505
0 5810 0 5555
0 5054 0 4860

(Roth, Z phys Ch 1897, 24 134 )
100 vols cone FeS04+Aq absorb 19 5 vols

Solubility of N20 in a solation containing
477 g Fe(OH)3 pei litre at 25° =05799,
479 g Fe(OH)8 per litre at 25° = 05787
(Geffcken, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 299 )

612

NITROGEN OXIDE

100 vols KOH+Aq (sp gr =1 12) absorb
18 7 vols N20, 100 vols KOH+Aq sat with
pyrogallol absorb 18 1 vols N20, 100 vols
NaOH+Aq (sp gr -1 1) (7% NaOH) ab-
sorb 23 1 vols N20, 100 vols NaOH +Aq sat
with pyrogallol absorb 28 0 vols N2O

Absorption of N20 by KOH+Aq
M = content in gram-equivalents per litre
S= solubility (see under oxygen)

Absorption of N*0 bj salts +Aq at 15°
M = number of molecules of salt per litre,
a = coefficient of absorption

Salt

M

a

KC1

3 554
2 909
1 755
1 051
0 526

0 0892
0 1012
0 1279
0 1489
0 1667

M

S25°

S15°

KN03

2 430
1 820
1 541
0 879
0 482

0 1180
0 1311
0 1391
0 1559
0 1683

0 541
0 542
1 074
1 082

0 5087
0 5093
0 4252
0 4221

0 6591
0 6595
0 5427
0 5392

(Geffcken, Z phvs Ch 1904, 49 278 )

Coefficient of solubility of N20 in salts +Aq
att°

K2COS

4 352
2 939
2 156
1 376
0 690
0 341
0 209

0 0160
0 0285
0 0462
0 0761
0 1183
0 1501
0 1628

Salt

Concentration
of salt

Coeff of absorption at

G per
100 g
solu
tion

G

mol
per 1

5°

10°

15°

20°

NaCl

4 815
2 801
2 049
0 825

0 0595
0 0925
0 1130
0 1548

CaClj

5 79
9 86
13 99

0 547
0 964
1 416

0 819
0 608
0 510

0 697
0 586
0 441

0 591
0 509
0 380

0 500
0 435
0 328

NaN02

5 711
3 980
2 656
1 413
0 679

0 0578
0 0810
0 1052
0 1370
0 1603

LiCl

1 35

3 85
11 48

0 319
0 928
2 883

0 986
0 878
0 606

0 831
0 743
0 512

0 700
0 629
0 437

0 599
0 536
0 382

Na2C03

1 218
0 819
0 438
0 207

0 0839
0 1082
0 1385
0 1639

Li2S04

2 37
5 46
8 56

0 219
0 521
0 836

0 934
0 795
0 646

0 792
0 665
0 555

0 670
0 557

0 477

0 569
0 474
0 415

MgS04

5 90

7 66
10 78

0 521
0 687
0 997

0 766
0 708
0 569

0 664
0 586
0 491

0 561
0 486
0 417

0 471
0 414
0 346

Na2S04

1 364
0 638
0 335

0 0775
0 1254
0 1510

KC1

4 90
7 64
14 58
22 08

0 676
1 037
2 187
3 414

0 879
0 799
0 654
0 544

0 751
0 693
0 574
0 459

0 643
0 591
0 500
0 390

0 555
0 494
0 430
0 339

LiCl

3 734
1 800
0 835

0 0090
0 1370
0 1()10

MgS04

2 501
1 631
0 93(>
0 43*

0 0499
0 0707
0 1150
0 1501

K2S04

2 62

4 78

0 154
0 285

0 986
0 918

0 831
0 763

0 701
0 637

0 605

0 542

NaCl

6 20

8 88
12 78

1 107
1 614
2 391

0 800
0 713
0 634

0
0
0

682
603
532

0 585
0 510
0 449

0 509
0 434
0 386

ZnS04

2 180
1 277
0 899
0 397

0 0(>05
0 0061
0 1175
0 1525

N*,2S04

5 76
8 53
12 44

0 427
0 646
0 974

0 808
0 692
0 559

0
0
0

677
574
486

0 584
0 482
0 417

0 495
0 416
0 354

CaCl2

2 962
2 556
1 827
1 122
0 578
0 321

0 0519
0 0619
0 0839
0 1138
0 1450
0 1619

SrCl2

3 31
5 73
13 24

0 215
0 380
0 939

0 928
0 848
0 644

0
0
0

788
709
547

0 671
0 610
0 463

0 578
0 556
0 390

(Gordon, Z phys, Ch 1895, 18 5 )

(Sterner, Z phys Ch 1895, 18 14-5 )

NITROGEN OXIDE

613

Coefficient of absorption of N20 by NaCl-h
Aq at t°

Per cent of NaCl

Absorption of N20 by salts +Aq-
Cont^nuea

Salt

M

S25°

S 15°

0990

5
10
15
20
25

1 0609
0 8812
0 7339
0 6191,
0 5363

1808

1 0032
0 8383
0 7026
0 5962
0 5190

3886

0 9131
0 7699
0 6495
0 5520
0 4775

5865

0 8428
0 7090
0 5976
0 5088
0 4424

(Roth, Z phys Ch 1897, 24 139 )

Absorption of N20 by salts +Aq at 20°
C = concentration of the solution in terms
of normal

a ss coefficient of absorption
Abs6rption of N2O by KN08+Aq at 20°

p

C

a

0
1 063
2 720
5 389

10 577

0 1061
0 2764
0 5630
1 1683

0 6270
0 6173
0 6002
0 5713
0 5196

Absorption of N20 by NaN03+Aq at 20°

p

C

a

0
1 124
2 531
5 077
8 701

0 1336
0 3052
0 6286
1 1200

0 6270
0 6089
0 5876
0 5465
0 4926

(Knopp, Z phys Ch 1904, 48 107 )

Absorption of N2O by salts +Aq
M = con tout m gi am-equivalents per litre
S = solubility

Salt

M

b25°

b i>

NH4C1

0 5<)S
0 600
1 158
1 106

0 5532
0 5504
0 5223
0 5200

0 7203
0 71S5
0 6800
0 6775

KI

0 550
0 557
0 886
0 913
0 514
0 545

0 5367
0 5344
0 5025
0 5012
0 5428
0 5406

0 6950
0 6916
0 6466
0 6442
0 7074
0 7036

LiCl

0 558
0 561
1 057
1 059

0 5276
0 5278
0 4760
0 4773

0 6884
0 6877
0 6163
0 6146

KBr

0 546
0 550
0 937
0 959

0 5306
0 5318
0 4908
0 4899

0 6877
0 6892
0 6352
0 6334

RbCl

0 439
0 444
0 977
0 993
0 558

0 559

1 070
1 102

0 5399
0 5386
0 4873
0 4846
0 5218
0 5217
0 4673
0 4639 ,

0 7050
0 7053
0 6306
0 6276
0 6782
0 6787
0 6046
0 6020

(Geffcken, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 278 )

Solubility of NaO m a solution containing
39 6 g As S3 per litre at 25° =0 5819, 42 4 g
As2Ss per litre at 25° « 0 5833 (Geffcken )

1 Vol alcohol at t° and 760 mm absorbs V
vols N20 gas reduced to 0° and 760 mm

t°

V

t

V

0

4 1780

13

3 3734

1

4 1088

14

3 3200

2

4 0409

15

3 2678

3

3 9741

16

3 2169

4

3 9085

17

3 1672

5

3 8442

18

3 1187

6

3 7811

19

3 0714

7

3 7192

20

3 0253

8

3 6585

21

2 9805

9

3 5990

22

2 9368

10

3 540S

23

2 8944

11

3 4838

24

2 8532

12

3 4279

(Bunsen's Gasometry )

Coefficient of absorption = 4 17805-
0 0698160t-fO 0006090t2 (Carms )

At 18 and 7(>0 mm 100 vols H2O absorb 76 vols
NiC) 100 vols alfohol of 0 SiO sp fc,r absorb 153 vols
100 volts rectified naphtha of 0 7Si sp gr absorb 254
vols 100 vols oil of lavender of 0 S80 sp gr absorb
275 vols 100 vols ohvt oil of 0 OH so t,r absorb 150
vols 100 vols sat KOl+Aq (2 >% KC1) of 1212 sp
t,r ubsoib 20 vols (do Saussun 1814 )

1 vol od of turprntim absorbs 2 5-27 vols N O
(d( SausHiirc )

Absorption of N2O by glycerine -i-Aq at t°

t

f/t bv weifjit of klvnrme

3 4bO%

<> 72()%

12 12 )%

Ib244%

25
20
15
10
5

0 5558
0 6468
0 7672
0 9172
1 0967

0 5415
0 6303
0 7454
0 8871
1 0552

0 526S
0 6050
0 70QS
0 8411
0 9990

0 5083
0 5S51
0 6857
0 8102
0 9586

(Roth, Z phys Ch 1897, 24 128 )

614

NITROGEN OXIDE

Absorption of N2O by urea+Aq at t°

Absorption of N20 by oxalic acid+Aq at t°

t°

Coeff of abs in E^CaCU +Aq of given
% strength

t°

25
20
15
10
5

% by weight of urea

3 312%

4974%

6 366%

7296%

9 966%

8 122%

3699%

0 5686

0 6533
0 7708
0 9209
1 1040

0 5669
0 6558
0 7732
0 9201
1 0964

0 5588
0 6539
0 7605
0 9086
1 0880

0 7502
0 6553
0 7722
0 9208
1 1012

0 5689
0 6508
0 7614
0 9007
1 0685

25
20
15
10
5

0 5786
0 6694
0 7940
0 9526
1 1450

0 5643
0 6538
0 7745
0 9264
1 1094

(Roth, Z phys Ch 1897, 24 124 )

(Roth, Z phys Ch 1897, 24 130 )

Absorption of NaO by sugar +Aq at 15°

Number of molecules
of CizHzaOn per litre

Coefficient of absorption

1 699
0 993
0 520

0 0892
0 1284
0 1561

(Sterner, Z phys Ch 1895, 18 15 )

(Knopp, Z phys Ch 1904,48 106)

Absorption of N20 by propionic acid+Aq at
20°

P

C

a

0

1 492
5 702
13 680
15 Oil
25 589

0 2045
0 816
2 140
2 385
4 645

0 6270
0 6323
0 6369
0 6504
0 6534
0 7219

Coefficient of absorption for petroleum =
211 at 20°, 249 at 10° (Gmewasz anc
Walfisz, Z phys Ch 1 70 )

The solubility of N20 in various colloida
solutions has been determined by Fmdla^
and Creighton (Chem Soc 1910, 97 538), fo
which see original article

Nitrogen

, NO

Absorption of N20 by organic substances +
Aq
C = concentration of tho solution m terms
of normal
a = coefficient of absorption
Absorption of N20 by chloral hydrate +Aq
at 20°

P

C

a

0
2 947
6 848
13 48
16 15
19 60
24 02

0 184
0 445
0 942
1 165
1 474
1 911

0 6270
0 6182
0 6128
0 5960
0 5S91
0 5793
0 5675

1 vol HaO absorbs 0 1 vol NO gas at ordinary temj
(Davy) 1 vol absorbs 0 05 vol (Henry) 1 vol absorb
1/27 vol (Dalton )

Absorption of NO by H20 at 760 mm

pressure

/3= Coefficient of absorption
£' = " Solubility"

t°

ft

ft'

t°

ft

ft'

0

0 07381

0 07337

55

0 03040

0 0257

5

6461

6406

60

2954

237

10

5709

5640

65

2S77

216

15

5147

5061

70

2810

194

20

4706

4599

75

2751

170

25

4323

418Q

80

2700

143

30

4004

3838

85

2665

114

35

3734

3529

90

2f>4S

081

40

3507

3254

95

263S

043

45

3311

3000

100

2628

000

50

3152

2771

(Knopp, Z phys Ch 1904, 48 107 )

(Wmkler, B 1901, 34 1414 )

205 69 cc H20 absorb 9 6798 cc NO it 20
and 760 mm (Hufner, Z phys Ch 100 <
59 420)

Sol in cone HNO3-fAq

100 vols HNO3+Aq of 1 3 sp gr agitate
with NO gas take up 20 vols NO If acid ]
twice as strong 01 one-half as strong, th
quantity NO is proportional to the amour
of HN03 Very dil HNO3+Aq ibsorfc
scarcely more NO than pure H2O (Dalton

100 pts HNOs+Aq of 1 4 sp tr ahsoib 00 pts N
(Dalton) sol in Br and VLFV si sol in cone H^S(
(Berthelot )

1 com cone H2S04 of 1 84 sp gr absorh
0035 com NO, of 150 sp gr , 0017 ccn
NO CLunge, B 18 1391 )

NITROGEN OXIDE

615

Absorption of NO by H2S04+Aq at 18° and
760mm

a = Coefficient of solubility

Absorption of NO by FeS04+Aq at t° —

Continued
205 69 cc of FeSO4-hAq contain 0 0296 g

Fe

H2S04

a

H2SO

4 a

wjoemcient 01 absorption =u Ut>5Uo

t°

Pressure mm

NO absorbed
com

98%
90%
80%

not constant
0 0193
0 0117

70%
, 60%
50%

0 0113
0 0118
0 0120

20 05
20 05
20 04
20 00
20 15
20 14

677 5
655 3
639 1
620 2
600 5
581 2

14 30
14 07
13 81
13 39
13 20
12 92

(Tower, Z anorg 1906, 50 387 )

Very sol in aqueous solutions of ferrous
salts, especially the sulphate (Priestley )
1 vol FeSO4+Aq of 1 081 sp gr , contain-
ing 1 gram FeSO4 to 6 grains H2O, absorbs 6
vols NO (Dalton)
Absorption by ferrous salts -J-Aq is propor-
tional to the amount of Fe present, irrespec-
tive of the acid or concentration of the solu-
tion Between 0° and 10°, about 2 mols NO
are absorbed for each atom of Fe, between
10° and 15°, 1 mol NO for 2 atoms of Fe,
and at 25°, only 1 mol NO for 2J^ to 3 atoms
of Fe The amount of NO absorbed also
vanes with the pressure The sp gr of the
ferrous salt solution is greater after the ab-
sorption of NO than before The solutions
are decomp by heat, and at 100° all NO is
given off (Gay, A ch (6) 5 145 )

Absorption of NO by FeS04+Aq at 25°

A=vol H2O Cm litres) containing 1 mol
FeS04
V = vol NO (m litres) absorbed

205 69 cc of FeSO4+Aq contain 0 0409 g
Fe
Coefficient of absorption =0 06684

t°

Pressure mm

NO absorbed
ccm

20 04
20 02
20 00
20 00
20 10

667 6
650 6
613 1
594 6
577 1

16 79
16 65
15 71
15 41
15 32

205 69 cc of FeSO4+Aq contain 0 0513 g
Fe
Coefficient of absorption =0 07981

t°

Pressure mm

NO absorbed
ccm

20 10
20 10
20 08
20 10
20 10
20 10

644 8
623 8
606 4
589 7
571 1
553 1

18 82
18 47
18 02
17 56
17 19
16 95

205 69 cc of FeSO4+Aq contain 0 0663 g
Fe
Coefficient of absorption =0 08059

A

V

*

V

1 2

1 8
2 4

4 82

1 47
2 01
2 55
4 40

7 2
12 0
18 6
36 0

5 52
6 46
8 01
10 40

t°

Pressure mm

NO absorbed
ccm

20 10
20 10
20 10
20 08
20 04
20 00

697 3
678 9
660 4
638 2
620 7
602 5

21 91
21 60
21 18
20 71
20 28
19 87

(Kohlschuttcr, B 1907, 40 877 )

Absoiption of NO by FeS04+ A.q at t°

20569 cc FeSO4-f \qcontam00221 g Fe
Coefficient of absorption = 0 06067 at 20 09°

20569cc of FcS04+Aq contain 0 099 g Fe
Coefficient of absorption = 0 11661

t°

Pressure mm

NO absorbed
ccm

t°

Pressure mm

VO absorbed

20 10
20 15
20 20
20 00
19 85
19 85

649 9
631 1
618 4
603 3

588 6
574 2

34 26
33 82
33 26
32 76
32 34
31 95

20 1 704
20 1 683
20 1 668
20 2 651
20 05 632
20 0 613

9
5
6
9
9
7

14 42
14 10
13 80
13 58
13 15
12 98

CHufner, Z phys Ch 1907, 59 419 )

616

NITROGEN OXIDE

Absorption of NO by NiS04-f Aq at t°
205 69 cc NiSOi+Aq contain 0 0506 g Ni
Coefficient of absorption =0 08311

Absorption of NO by FeCl2+Aq at 22°
A=vol H20 (in litres) containing 1 mo]
FeCl2
V-vol NO (in litres) absorbed

t°

Pressure mm

NO absorbed
com

A

V

20 2
20 2
20 2
20 15
20 14

654 7
629 8
609 5
591 7
573 4

23 00
22 54
22 03
21 65

21 18

2 5
5 18
10 35
20 7
51 8

3 30

4 83
6 56
8 32
11 89

(Hufner, I c )

Absorption of NO by CoS04+Aq at t°
205 69 cc CoS04-f-Aq contain 0 0598 g Co
Coefficient of absorption =0 09146

(Kohlschutter, B 1907, 40 878 )

Absorption by HCl-f FeCls+Aq
10 37 1 30% HC1 containing 1 mol FeCl
in solution absorb 15 64 1 NO
10 37 1 10% HC1 containing 1 mol FeCl
in solution absorb 6 17 1 NO
(Kohlschutter, I c )
Absorption by salts +FeCl2+Aq
1037 1 sat NaCl+Aq containing 1 mo]
FeClo in solution absorb 6 549 1 NO
10 37 1 sat NH4Cl+Aq containing 1 mol
FeCl2 in solution absorb 6 549 1 NO
(Kohlschutter, I c )

Solubility of NO in Fe(NO3)2+Aq at 23°
A=vol H20 (in litres) containing 1 mo]
Fe(N08)2
V=vol NO (in litres) absorbed

t°

Pressure mm

NO absorbed
com

20 15
20 16
20 20
20 30
20 40

678 3
653 5
636 6
615 9
600 0

23 47
23 01
22 55
21 99
21 56

(Hufner, I c )

Absorption of NO by MnCl2 4H20+Aq at t°
205 69 cc MnCl2 4H20+Aq contain 0 0697
g Mn
Coefficient of absorption =0 06111

A

V

3 25
6 50
13 00
26 00

2 77
4 16
5 54
6 61

t°

Pressure mm

NO absorbed
ccm

20 0
20 05
20 2
20 3
20 45

711 96
686 5
657 4
638 9
621 0

14 25
13 99
13 49
13 05
12 81

CKohlschutter, I c )

Absorption of NO by CuCl2-f-Aq
A=vol H20 (in litres) containing 1 mo
CuCl2
V=vol NO (in litres) absorbed

(Hufner, I c )

Coefficient of absorption for FeSO4-l~Aq of
concentration used by Hufner (Z phys Ch
1907, 59 417) =0180 at 20° Hufner's re-
sults are incorrect because he assumed that

A

V

0 231

0 277
0 371

0 120
0 09S
0 052

the absorption-coefficient of NO always had
the same value, whereas it does not NO is
reduced by FeS04+Aq (Usher, Z phys
Ch 1908, 62 624 )

Coefficient of absorption for CoS04+Aq
sat at 20° =00288 (Usher, Z phys Ch
1908, 62 624 )

Coefficient of absorption for NiSO4-hAq of
the concentration used by Hufner (cf Z phys
Ch 1907, 59 422) =0 048 at 20°

Coefficient of absorption for NiS04+Aq
sat at 20° =0 0245 ( Usher, I c )

Coefficient of absorption for MnCl2+Aq
sat at 20° =00082 (Usher, Z phys Ch
1908, 62 624 )

(Kohlschutter, I c )

Absorption of NO by CuCl2-f cone HOI
A = vol cone HC1 (m litres) contamm
1 mol CuCl2
V = vol NO (m litres) absorbed

A

V

A

V

0 389
0 410
0 840
1 230
2 462

0 801
0 933
2 838
3 426
3 989

7 499
12 500
18 750
28 650

3 931
3 606
3 153
1 976

(Kohlschutter, I c )

NITROGEN OXIDE

617

Absorption of NO by CuCl2-facetic acid
A=vol acetic acid (in litres) containing 1
mol CuCl2
V=vol NO (m litres) absorbed

A

V

A

V

252

504
1269

51 77
39 67
81 60

0 37
0 62
0 925

0 515
0 120
0 000

(Kohlschutter, I c )

Absorption of NO by CuCl2+98% formic

acid

A = vol 98% formic acid (in litres) contain-
ing 1 mol CuCl2

V=vol NO (m litres) absorbed

A

V

27 9
56 0
140 0
280 0
1400 0

12 76

13 17
14 34
18 68
27 29

(Kohlschutter, I c )

Absorption of NO by CuCl2+acetone
A=vol acetone fin litres) containing 1
mol CuCl2
V=vol NO (in litres) absorbed

A

V

A

V

4 667
29 16
58 33

14 04
24 01
24 60

291 60
583 20
1166 40

40 99
1 67 22
81 96

( Kohlschutter, I c )

Absorption of NO by CuClj+ methyl alcohol
A=vol methyl alcohol (m litres) contain-
ing 1 mol CuCl2

V = vol NO (m litres) absoibed

A

\

A

V

1 60
8 22

i to
5 60

20 50
82 25

6 15
4 90

(Kohlsehuttcr, I c )

Absorption of NO by CuClj+ethyl alcohol
A— vol ethyl alcohol (m litres) containing

1 mol CuCl2
V=vol NO (m litres1) absorbed

A

V

A

V

1 50
3 84
12 80

8 70
12 38
15 43

3S 41
76 83
192 10

18 15
18 05
15 92

(Kohlschutter, I c )

Absorption of NO by CuBr2-fAq
A=vol H2O (in litres) containing 1 mol
CuBr2
V=vol NO (in litres) absorbed

(Kohlschutter, I c )

Absorption of NO by CuBr2+ ethyl alcohol
A=vol alcohol (in litres) containing 1 mol

CuBr2
V— vol NO (in litres) absorbed

A

V

A

V

2 625
5 25
13 12
43 74

16 02
19 26
20 51
21 13

131 20
262 50
656 10

22 23
23 46
30 46

(Kohlschutter, I c )

Sol in stannous and chromous salts +Aq

(Pekgot )

Not absorbed by Fe2(SO4) 8 + Aq (Dalton )
1 vol absolute alcohol absorbs 031606-

0003487t+0000049t2 vols NO between 0°

and 25° (Bunsen )

1 vol alcohol at t° and 760 mm absorbs V
vols NO gas reduced to 0° and 760 mm

t°

V

t°

V

0

0 31606

13

0 27901

1

0 31262

14

0 27685

2

0 30928

15

0 27478

3

0 30604

16

0 27281

4

0 30290

17

0 27094

5

0 29985

18

0 26917

6

0 29690

19

0 26750

7

0 29405

20

0 26592

8

0 29130

21

0 26444

9

0 28865

22

0 26306

10

0 28609

23

0 2617S

11

0 28363

24

0 26060

12

0 2S127

(Bunscn's Gasomctry )

Abundantly absorbed by C$2 ( l< i icdburg,
C N 48 97)

Nitrogen /noxide, N^Oj

Sol in H2O at 0° If large amt of H2O is
present, the solution is quite stable at ordi-
nary temp (Fremy, C R 79 61 )

Sol mHNOa+Aq

Sol m cone H2SO4 to form HNOS04

Sol in ether

618

NITROGEN OXIDE STANNIC CHLORIDE

Nitrogen Znoxide stannic chloride, N203,

SnCl4
Decomp byH20 (Weber, Pogg 118 471 )

Nitrogen tetroxide, N02 or N204

Sol in H20 at 0° with decomp Miscible
with very cone HNO* Absorbed abundantly
by CS2, CHC18, and C6H5C1 (Fnedburg,
C N 47 52 )

Sol in C6H6N02

SI sol in H2S+Aq

Sol in H2S04 or cone HNO8-f Aq

H3P04 absorbs some liquid N02 (Frank-
land, Chem Soc 1901, 79 1362 )

Nitrogen pent oxide, N205

Very deliquescent Combines with H20 to
form HN03 with evolution of heat

Nitrogen teoxide, NO 3

Decomposes upon air or with H20 (Haute-
feuille and Chappins, C R 92 80, 134, 94
1111, 1306 )

Nitrogen oxybromide
See Nitrosyl and Nitroxyl bromide

Nitrogen oxychloride
See Nitrosyl and Nitroxyl chloride

Nitrogen oxyfluonde
See Nitrosyl fluoride and Nitroxyl fluoride

Nitrogen phosphochlonde,
See Nitrogen chlorophosphide

Nitrogen selemde, NSe

Very explosive Insol in H20 Sol m
HNO3 -f Aq, and NaCIO + Aq (Espenschied,
A 113 101 )

Insol in H20, ether, absolute alcohol, very
si sol m CS2, C6H6, and glacial acetic acid
Decomp by HC1 or KOH-f Aq (Verneuil,
Bull Soc (2) 38 548 )

Nitrogen sulphide, N4S4

Insol in H 0 Decomp by hot H20 81

sol in alcohol, ether, wood alcohol, oil of

turpentine Easily sol in CS2 Slowly de-

comp by HCl-f Aq or KOH+Aq, rapidlv by

HN08+Aq 15 g dissolve m 1 kilo of CS2

(Fordos and Gelis, C R 31 702 )

Sol in CHC13 (Demargay, C R 91 854 )

Sol in warm glacial acetic acid with de-

comp on boiling (Ruff and Geisel, B 1904,

37 1591)

Nitrogen pentasulphide, N2SS

Sol m ether and most organic solvents,
insol in H20, fairly stable in ethereal solu-
tion, but decomp by light (Muthmann, Z
anorg 1897, 13 206 )

Nitrogen sulphobromide, NsS4Br

Decomp by boiling H20 and by dil alkali t
also by boiling with alcohol (Muthmai: >
B 1897, 30 630 )

N4S4Br4 Decomp by moist air (Clevi ,
B 1896, 29 340-341 )

N^Bre Decomp by moist air Ve
unstable (Clever )

N&Brz Insol most solvents, unstab
(Clever )

Nitrogen sulphochlonde, N4S4C14

Unstable on air Sol in warm CHC ,
crystallizes out on cooling (Demargav, C
91 854, 1066 )

Demargay calls this comp thiazyl chlonc

Sol in hot dry benzene, and m CO ,
decomp by moist air (Andreocci, Z ano]
1897, 14 249 )

NJ&Clj Partly sol in H20 (Demargs ,
C R 92 726)

Demarcay calls this compound ditbioteti
thiazvl (^chloride

N2S8C12=N2S2, SC12 Decomp on a
(Fordos and G6hs )

Demarcav (C R 92 726) calls this com
thiocfethiazyl <fochlonde

N2S4C12 Sol m H20 with subsequent c
comp More sol than S m CS2 (Soubeira ,
A ch 67 71)

Is a mixture of S2C12 and N4S4 (Ford j
and Gehs, C R 31 702 )

NsSsCl SI sol in warm, insol in cc I
CHC13 (Demar$ay, C R 92 726 )

"Thiofnazyl chloride " ( Demargay )

N3S4C1 Sol m H2O Insol m me
solvents SI sol in CHC13 Easilv sol i
thionyl chloride (Demargay, C R 91 8P ,
1066)

Demargay calls the compound thio^
thiazyl chloride = (NS)3 = S— Cl

N4S6Cl2=2N2S2, SC12 Deoomp on a
(Michaehs )

NGS7Cl2=3N2S,, bC!2 Not duomp i
air Decomp by H^O cont luiin^; immoni

Nitrogen sulphoiodide, N3S4E
Readily decomp by H20
and Seitter, B 1897, 30 627 )

(Muthma, i

Nitrohydroxylamimc acid, ir2N" ()3

Known only in solution ( \ng( h Ga7z (
it 1897, 27 (2) 357 )

Banum mtrohydroxylanunate, B iN2()3+H2
Ppt More stable in the w than t
sodium salt Not decomp by prolong 1
boiling with H/) (Angeli, Gizz ch
1896, 26 17-25 )

Cadmium nitrohydroxylaminate, CdN20

H20

As Ba salt (\ngelico and Fanara, Ga
ch it 1901, 31 (2) 21 )

NITROSOBROMORUTHENATE AMMONIA, SILVER

619

Calcium mtrohydroxylanunate, CaN 03+
J^H2O

(Angeli, Gazz ch it 1900, 30 (1) 593 )
Calcium mtrohydroxylaminate, CaN208+

(Angelico and Fanara, Gazz ch it 1901,
31 (2) 15 )

lead mtrohydroxylaminate, PbN2Os
(Angeli, Gazz ch it 1900, 30 (1) 593 )

Potassium mtrohydroxylaminate, K2N20S
Like Na salt More hygroscopic (Angela.

Gazz ch it 1897, 27 (2) 357 )
Sol m HoO (Angeli, Gazz ch it 1900, 30

(1)593)

Silver mtrohydroxylaminate, Ag2N203
Ppt (Angeli, C C 1901, I 1192 )

Sodium mtrohydroxylaminate, Na2N208

Ver> sol in H20 Pptd by alcohol
Aqueous solution is readily decomp by boiT-
iHg (Angeh, Gazz ch it 1896, 26 (2) 17 )

Strontium mtrohydroxylaminate, SrN208+
H20

(Angeli, Gazz ch it 1900, 30 (1) 593 )
H-1^H20 (Angelico and Fanara, Gazz
ch it 1901, 31 (2) 15 )

Nitroiodic acid, I2O4(NO)2
See Nitrosoiodic acid

Nitromtrous acid

Platinum potassium mtromtnte, K2Pt(NOo)4
N/)4

Deeomp by he it (Miolati, C C 1896, II
1088)

Nitroplatmous acid
See Platomtrous acid

Nitroprussic acid, II2KC5N60+H20 =

H2l<e(CN)6NO+HjO
Dehqiusnnt 1< isily sol in H 0, alcohol,
or ether (Play fur, A 74 317)

Nitroprusside s

The alkali ind alkali oirth mtropiussides
are sol in H2(), and the solutions are not
pptd by alcohol 1 he others are mostly msol
mH2O

Ammonium nitroprusside,

(NH1)2Fe(CN)5(NO)
Dehquescent Very sol m H20, not pptd
therefrom by alcohol (Playfair )

Barium nitroprusside, BaFe(CN)6NO+

4H20

Verv sol in H20
+6H20

Cadmium mtroprusside, CdFe(CN)5NO

Insol inH20 Sol mHCl+Aq Insol m
dil or cone HNO3+Aq even when boihng
Not attacked by NH4OH or KOH+Aq
(Norton, Am Ch J 10 222 )

Calcium mtroprusside, CaFe(CN)5NO-l-

4H20
Very sol in H20 (Playfair)

Cobalt mtroprusside, CoFe(CN)5NO
Ppt (Norton, Am Ch J 10 222 )

Copper mtroprusside, CuFe(CN)5NO+2HoO
Insol m H20 or alcohol

Ferrous mtroprusside, FeFe(CN)5NQ+

zH20(?)
Insol in H20

Mercurous mtroprusside, Hg2Fe(CN)5NO

Insol m H20 Unstable (Norton, 4m
Ch J 10 222)

Nickel mtroprusside, NiFe(CN)6NO
As the Co salt (Norton )

Potassium mtroprusside, K2FefCN)5NO-r-

2H20

SI deliquescent Sol in 1 pt H20 at 16°
K2Fe(CN)5NO, 2KOH Very sol m H O

Silver mtroprusside, Ag2Fe(CN)6NO

Insol m HoO, alcohol, or HNO3+Aq Sol
m NH4OH+Aq

Sodium mtroprusside, Na2Fe(CN)5NO +

2H20

Sol m 21A pts H2O at 16°, and m less hot
H20

Zinc mtroprusside, ZnFe(CN)6NO
Very si sol m cold, more in hot H20

Nitrosisulphomc acid

Cupnc mtrosisulphonate, NO<^gQ "/Cu

Decomp by H2O (Raschig, B 1907, 40

4583)

Nitrosobromoruthenic acid

Silver mtrosobromoruthenate ammonia,

Ag2Ru(NO)Br6, NH3

Decomp by H2O SI sol m NH4OH-h
Aq Very sol m Na2S2Oa+Aq (Bnzard,
Bull Soc 1895, (3) 13 1093 )

620

NITROSOBROMOSMIC ACID

Nitrosobromosmic acid

Potassium mtrosobromosmate, K2Os(NO)Br5
Stable in aqueous solution (Wmtrebert,
A ch 1903, (7) 28 132 )

Nitrosochloroplatimc acid

Potassium mtrosochloroplatinate,

K2PtCl5(NO)
Sol in H20 (Vezes, C R 110 757 )

Nitrosochlororuthemc acid

Ammonium mtrosochlororuthenate,

(NH4)2Ru(NO)Cl6
Sol in H20 (Joly, C R 107 991 )
5 pts are sol m 100 pts H20 at 25°
22 " " " " " " " " 60°
(Howe, J Am Chem Soc 1894, 16 390 )

Cfiesium nitrosochlororuthenate,

0 20 pt is sol in 100 pts H20 at 25°
056 " " " " " « " " 100°
(Howe )

+2H20 Very sol in H20 105 8 pts are
sol in 100 pts H2O (Howe )

Potassium mtrosochlororuthenate.

K2Ru(NO)Cl6
Sol m H20 (Joly )
12 pts are sol in 100 pts H20 at 25°

OA It It tl tt tt tt (t It OQO

(Howe )

Rubidium mtrosochlororuthenate,

Rb2Ru(NO)Cl5

Sol m boiling H2O without decomp
0 57 pt is sol in 100 pts H20 at 25°
2 13 " " " " " ' " " 60°
(Howe )

Silver mtrosochlororuthenate ammonia,

4g2Ru(NO)015, NH3

Decomp byH20 SI sol in NH4OH+Aq
Very sol in Na2S2OsH-Aq (Brizard, Bull
Soc 1895, (3) 13 1092 )

Nitrosoiodic acid, IjCUCN'O), (?)

Decomp with H2O, alcohol, ether, or acetic
ether Slowly sol in H SO4 (Kammerer, J
pr 83 65

Nitrososulphomc acid

Potassium (fomtrososulphonate, N2O OK

SO.K

Sol in H20 Very unstable (Hantzsch,
B 1894,27 3268)

Potassium rntrosocfosulphonate, ON(SO3K)o

Sol in H20 Very explosive (Hantzsch,
B 1895,28 996 and 2744)

Potassium mtrosoZnsulphonate, ON(S08I( B

+H20
Sol m H20 (Hantzsch, B 1895, 23 2751 )

Sodium mtrosotfnsulphonate, NO2(S08)8N
Decomp by H20 (Traube, B 1913, ^
2521)

Nitrososulphuric acid,

H2N2S05«H2S08(NO)2
Not known in free state

Ammonium cfomtrososulphate,

(NH4)2(NO)2S08

Sol m H20 Insol in hot alcohol
louze, A 16 240 )

(I

Barium , Ba(NO)2S08

Sol m H20 (Divers and Haga, Chem Sc
47 364)

Barium potassium , BaK2(SN2Ofi)a

Sol in much H20 to form a clear ho:u]
but the solution gradually deposits BaSC
(Hantzsch, B 1894, 27 3271 )

Cupnc nitrosodz-sulphate, Cu(NO)(S08)2
(Sabatier, Bull Soc 1897, (3) 17 787 )

Lead ^mtrososulphate

Insol in H20 (Divers and Haga, Chei
Soc 47 364)

Potassium •

-, K2(NO)2S03

Decomp by H20 at ordinary temp Ins<
m alcohol (Pelouze, A ch 60 160 )

Sol in about 8 pts H2O at 14 5° I ess s<
in presence of KOH (Divers and Hag
Chem Soc 1895, 67 455 )

Sodium , Na2(NO)2S03

More sol than K salt (Pelouze )

SI sol m H2O, very unstable moist or dr

decomp by H2O (Divers, C N 1895. 7

266)

Nitrososulphurous acid

Ruthenium sodium mtrososulphite,

0[RufS03)2(NO)Na2]+2H O
SI sol in cold H20 (Miolati, Gazz c
it 1900, 30 511 )

Nitrosulphide of iron
See FerroteZranitrososulphomc acid

jBimtrosulphide of iron

Roussin's comp is ammonium f&rrohept
mtrososulphonate, ^hich see

NITRITE, AMMONIUM

621

Nrtrosulphoruc acid, HNSO5 =

SO2

HO
=N02

(Lead chamber crystals ) Rapidly sol in
H2O with decomp When brought into large
amount of H20, no gas is evolved (Fremy,
C R 70 61 )

Sol m H2S04 without decomp Sol in cold
H2SO4+Aq of sp gr 1 7-1 55 (Weber, J
pr 100 37 )

SI sol in H2S04-i-Aq of 1 6 sp gr (Dana )

More difficultly sol in dil than cone
H2S04+Aq (Muller )

Potassium mtrosulphonate, KOS02N02(?)

Decomp by H20 (Schultz-Sellack, B 4
113)

Nitrosulphomc anhydride (?), N20S, 2SO8
=S206(N02)2

Rapidly sol m H20 with decomp Abund-
antly sol m cold H2S04 (Rose, Pogg 47
605)

Insol m cold, slowly sol m warm H2S04
(Prevostaye, A ch 73 362 )

Nitrosulphomc chloride, NO4SC1 =

N02S02C1 (?)

Decomp by H2O Sol in fuming H2SO4
without decomp Decomp by cone H2S04
(Weber, Pogg 123 333 )

Dttiitrosulphunc acid
See Dtmtrososulphunc acid

Nitrosyl bromide, NOBr

Decomp with cold H20 (Landolt, A 116
177)

Nitrosyl /^bromide, NOBr3

Decomp by H2O or cold alcohol
Misciblo \\ith ether (Iandolt,A 116 177)
Mixture of NOBr ind Br^ (Prohhch, A

224 270)

Nitrosyl platimc bromide, 2NOBr, PtBr4

Deliquescent Decomp by H20 (Top-
soe, J B 1868 271 )

Nitrosyl chloride, NOC1

Decomp by H20 Absorbed by fuming
H2SO4 without decomp

Nitrosyl boron chloride, NOC1, BC13
See Boron mtrosyl chloride

Nitrosyl platimc chloride, 2NOC1, PtCl4

Very deliquescent, and sol in H20 with
evolution of NO (Rogers and Boye, Phil
Mag J 17 397)

Nitrosyl thallium chloride, 2NOC1, T1C1,

rosyl 1
T1C18

Very deliquescent, and sol in H20 with
decomp (Sudborough, Chem Soc 59 657 )

Nitrosyl stannic chloride, 2NOC1, SnCl4

Decomp by H20, chloroform, or benzene,
not by carbon disulphide (Jorgensen )

Nitrosyl titanium chloride, 2NOC1, TiCl4
Decomp by H20 (Weber, Pogg 118 476 )

Nitrosyl zinc chloride, NOC1, ZnCl2

Very deliquescent, and sol m H20 with
evolution of NO (Sudborough, Chem Soc
69 656)

Nitrosyl chloride sulphur framde, NOC1, S03
Decomp by H20 Sol in cone H2S04 with
evolution of HC1 (Weber, Pogg 123 233 )

Nitrosyl fluoride, NOF

Sol in H20 Solution decomp on standing
with formation of NO and HN08 (Ruff and
Stauber, Z anorg 1905, 47 190 )

Nitrosyl sulphate, acid, H(NO)SO4
See Nitrosulphomc acid,

Nitrosyl sulphate, anhydro, (NO)2S OT
See Nitrosulphomc anhydride

Nitrosyl selemc acid, SeO2(ONO)2

Decomp by H20 (Lenher and Mathews,
J Am Chem Soc 1906, 28 516 )

Nitrosyl sulphuric acid, H(NO)S04
See Nitrosulphomc acid

Nitrous acid, HNO2

Known onlv m aqueous solution
See Nitrogen /noxide

Nitrites

Normal nitrites, except AgNO , arc sol in
H O and alcohol, but, as a rule, they are less
sol than the corresponding nitrates

Ammonium nitrite, NH^NO^

Very deliquescent, and sol in H O
H2O solution decomp at 50° (Bcrzelms )
Vciy dil solution can be ovapontcd on witei
bath without decomp (Bohlig, A 125 25 )
Solution containing Vi 00,000 pt NH4NO2 can
be evaporated to H its vol without decomp
Solution containing VM><> pt gives a distillate
containing 8 6% of NIl4NO2, while residue
contains 82% of original quantity, 94% being
lost (Schoyen )

Very deliquescent, sol in H2O, slowly but
easily sol in alcohol, insol m ether (Sbren-
sen, Z anorg 1894, 7 38 )

NITRITE, AMMONIUM BARIUM CUPRIC

Ammonium banum cupnc nitrite,

(NH4)2BaCu(N02)6

Ppt, decomp readily (Przibylla, Z
anorg 1897, 15 424 )

Ammonium bismuth silver nitrite,

(NH4)2BiAg(N02)6

Moderately sol in H2O Rapidly hydro-
lyzed by H20 (BaU and Abram, Chem Soc
1913, 103 2120 )

Ammonium bismuth sodium nitrite,

2NH4N02, Bi(N02)3, NaN02
Easily decomp (Ball, Chem Soc 1905,
87 761)

Ammonium cadmium nitrite ammonia, basic,

2NH4N02, Cd(N02)2, Cd(OH)2, 2NH3
Decomp by H20 (Morm, C R 100
1497)

Ammonium calcium cupnc nitrite,

(NH4)2CaCu(N02)6

Ppt , decomp easily Sol in H20 SI sol
ni alcohol (Przibylla, Z anorg 1897, 15
423)

Ammonium cobaltic nitrite, 3(NH4)20, Co203,

SI sol in H20, decomp in aq solution on
heating (Rosenheim, Z anorg 1898, 17 45 )

+3EkO

Somewhat sol m cold H20, decomp by
boiling Decomp by cone H2S04, not by
acetic or dil mm era! acids (Erdmann, J pr
97 405)

Ammonium cupnc lead nitrite,
CuPb(NH4)2(N02)fl

Stable at ordinary temp , sol in HNOs
with decomp

2 575 pts are sol in 100 pts H20 at 20°, or
2 51% salt in sat solution at 20° (Przibylla,
Z anorg 1897, 15 420 )

Ammonium cupric strontium mtnte,

(NH4)2CuSr(N02)6

Ppt , sol in H20 with decomp (Przibylla,
I c)

Ammonium indium nitrite
See Indonitnte, ammonium

Ammonium lead nickel mtnte.

(NH4)2PbNi(N02)6(?)
Ppt (Przibylla, Z anorg 1897, 15 433 )

A*PiT^omTi ^"* osmium mtnte
See Osmimtnte, ammonium

Ammonium osmyl oxymtnte
See Osmyloxynitnte, ammonium

Ammonium platinum mtnte
See Platomtnte, ammonium

Ammonium rhodium mtnte
See Rhodomtnte, ammonium

Ammonium ruthenium hydrogen mtn

Ru2H2(N02)4, 3NH4N02+3H20
See Ruthemmtnte, ammonium hydrogen

Banum mtnte, Ba(N02)2+H2O
Permanent Very sol in H^O

Solubility m H2O at t°

t°

G m 100 cc Ba(NO2)2

Sp gr

0

58

1 40

20

63

1 45

25

71

1 50

30

82

1 52

35

97

1 61

(Vogel, Z anorg 1903, 35 389 )

100 pts H20 dissolve at
0° 10° 20° 30°
635 695 795 93 pts, Ba(NO2)2-f-H »,

40° 50° 60° 70°

113 136 170 202 pts Ba(NO2)2+H ,

80° 90° 100° 110°

254 331 461 765 pts Ba(NO2)2+H >

The sat solution at 17° contains 4C o
BafN02)2, and has sp gr 17°/0° = 148(
(Oswald, A ch 1914, (9) 1 62 )

100 g H20 at 13 5° dissolve 64 g Ba(NC 2

4-10 2 g AgN02 with excess of AgNO2, a i

756 g Ba(N02)2+95 g AgNO2, with -
cess of AgN02 (Oswald )

Sol in 64 pts 94% alcohol, nearly mc I

in absolute alcohol (Lang, Pogg 118 28 )

Solubility in alcohol +Aq at t°

t°

Solvent

100 ((in of the su
solution ( ont un j
B i(NO ) +H;O

19 5

21 0

10% alcohol
20%

49 M

2<) JO

. 20 5

30%

IS 41

20 5

40%

H ^3

20 5

50%

<) 11

20 0

60%

4 S4

19 0

70%

2 W>

19 5

80%

0 98

20 0

90%

0 00

20 0

absolute alcohol

0 00

(Vogel, Z anorg 1903,35 390)

Insol in acetone (Naumann B 1904,
4329)

Insol m ethyl acetate (Naumann,
1910, 43 314 )

NITRITE, CADMIUM POTASSIUM

623

Barium caesium nitrite, CsBa2(NOo)6
Sol in H2O (Jamieson, Am Ch J 1907,

38 616)
Cs2Ba(NO2)4+H20 Very sol in H20

(Jamieson, Am Ch J 1907, 38 616 )

Panum caesium silver nitrite, Cs8AgBa(N02)6

4-2H20

Decomp by cold H20 (Jamieson. Am Ch
J 1907, 38 616 )

Barium cobaltic nitrite, 2BaO, Co203. 4N208
•flOH2O

Sol in moderately warm H20 without de-
comp but not recryst therefrom (Rosen-
heim, Z anorg 1898, 17 51-54 )

3BaO, Co2O3, 6N203 +H20 Ppt , very un-
stable Nearly msol in EC20 (Rosenheim,
Z anorg 1898, 17 47 )

Barium cobaltous potassium nitrite, Ba(N02)2,

Co(N02)2, 2KJST02

Decomp by H2O (Erdmann, J pr 97
385)

Barium cupnc mtnte, Ba[Cu(OH)(N02)2]2

Ppt Insol m H2O Decomp by H20
Insol in alcohol, but slowly decomp by it
(Kurtenacker, Z anorg 1913, 82 208 )

Barium cu

um cupnc pota
BaCuK2(N02)c

>tassmm mtnte,

Stable when dry, easily decomp when
moist, sol in H20 with decomp

45 86 pts are sol in 100 pts H20 at 20°, or
31 45% salt is contained in sat solution at
20° (Przibylla, Z anorg 1897, 15 424 )

Barium cupnc thallium nitrite,

BaCull2(N02)0

SI sol in H 0 (Przibylla, Z anorg 1898,
18 4bl )

Barium indium mtnte
See Indomtrite, barium

Barium mercuric mtnte, 2Bi(N02)2,

3Hg(NO )2+5H8O

Very sol m H O and easily decomp (Ray,
Chom Soc 1910, 97 327 )

Barium nickel nitrite, 2Ba(N02)2, Ni(NO2)2

Somewhat more easily sol m H20 than
nickel potassium nitrite (Lang )

Barium nickel potassium mtnte, Ba(N02)2,

Ni(N02)2, 2KN02

SI sol in cold, easily in hot H20 without
apparent decomp (Lang )

Barium nickel thallium mtnte,

NiBaTl2(N02)6
Ppt (PrzibyUa, Z anorg 1898, 18 462 )

Barium osmium mtnte
See Osmmitnte, barium

Barium osmyl ozymtnte
See Osmyloxynitrite, barium

Barium potassium mtnte, Ba(N02)2, 2KN02

+H20

Easily sol mH20,insol m alcohol (Lang,
Pogg, 118 293 )

Barium, rhodium mtnte, 3Ba(N"O2)o,

Rh2(NO2)e
See Khodomtnte, barium

Barium silver mtnte, Ba(N02)2, 2AgNO2-|-
H20

Resembles the potassium salt (Fischer )
Less stable than the Na salt (Oswald )

Bismuth mtnte, basic, (BiO)NO2+MH2O

Sol in HC1 (Vamno, J pr 1906, (2) 74
150)

Bismuth caesium silver mtnte, Cs2BiAg(NO2)6
Very si sol m H2O Slowly decomp by
H20 (Ball and Abram, Chem Soc 1913,
103 2122)

Bismuth potassium mtnte, Bi(NO2)3, 3KNO

+H2O

Decomp by H20 (Ball, Chem Soc 1905,
87 762)

Bismuth potassium silver nitrite,

K2BiAg(N02)&

Less sol m H2O than NH4 salt (Ball and
Abram, Chem Soc 1913, 103 2121 )

Bismuth rubidium silver nitrite,

Rb2BiAg(NO2)fi

SI sol in H20 with slow hydrolysis (Ball
and Abram )

Bismuth silver thallous mtnte, BiAgTl2(ISrO2)6
Insol m H20, but decomp thereby (Ball
and Abram )

Cadmium nitrite, basic, 2CdO, ^Oa
Insol in H2O (Hampe, A 125 335 )

Cadmium mtnte, Cd(N02)2-|-H O

Deliquescent Sol m H2O (Lang, J B
1862 99)

Cadmium potassium mtnte, Cd(NO2)2, KN02
Easily sol in H20 Very difficultly sol in

absolute alcohol, and only si sol in 90%

alcohol (Hampe, A 125 334 )
Cd(N02)2, 2KN02 Easily sol in H20

Insol in alcohol (Lang, J B 1862 99 )
Cd(N02)2, 4KN02 More sol in H20 than

the above salt (Lang )

624

NITRITE, OESIUM

Caesium mtnte, CsN02

Very hydroscopic Very sol in H20
(Ball, Chem Soc 1913, 103 2130 )

Caesium calcium mtnte, Cs2Ca(NO2)4-fH20
Ppt ( Tamieson, Am Ch J 1907,38 617)

Caesium cobalfcc mtnte, CssCo(N02)6+H20

Sol in 20,100 pfcs H2O at 17° (Rosen-
bladt, B 19 2531)

Caesium lead mtnte, CsPb(N02)8+H20

Sol in cold H2O without decomp When
solution is heated, some basic lead salt sep-
arates (Jamieson, Am Ch J 1907, 38 618 )

Caesium lead silver mtnte, Cs8AgPb(N02)6-f-
2H20

Ppt (Jamieson )

Caesium silver mtnte, Cs 4.g(N02)2
Decomp by H2O (Jamieson )

Cesium silver strontium mtnte,

Cs3AgSr(N02)8+2H20
Partially decomp by H2O (Jamieson)

Caesium strontium mtnte, CsSr(NO2)a+H20
Ppt Sol in H20 (Jamieson )

Calcium mtnte, Ca(N02)2+H20

Very deliquescent Insol in dil alcohol
(Fischer, Pogg 74 115 )

100 ccm of the sat solution contain 111 6
g Ca(NO2)2+H20 at 20 5° (Vogel, Z anorg
1903,35 395)

Solubility in H20 at t°

t°

%Ca(N02)2

Sohd phase

0

38 3

Ca(N02)2, 4H2O

18 5

43

(C

42

51 8

It

44

53 5

" +Ca(N02)2, H20

54

55 2

Ca(N02)2, H20

64

58 4

tt

70

60 3

u

73

61 5

tt

91

71 2

tt

(Oswald, A ch 1914, (9) 1 32 )

Sat solution of Ca(N02)2+AgN02 con-
tains 92 4 g Ca(N02)2 and 11 2 g AgNO2
per 100 g H20 at 14° (Oswald )

Solubility in alcohol

100 ccm of sat solution in 90% alcohol
contain 39 0 g Ca(N02)2+H20 at 20°

100 ccm of sat solution in absolute alcohol
contain 11 g Ca(NO2)2+H20 at 20°
(Vogel )

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1910,43 314)

+4H20 The sat solution at 16° conta s
42 3% Ca(N02)2 and has sp gr at 16°/0
14205 (Oswald, A " J" '" '

L has sp g

ch 1914, (9) 1 66 )

Calcium cobaltous potassium mtnte,

Ca(NO«)f, Co(N02)2, 2KN02
Decomp by H20 (Erdmann )

Calcium cupnc potassium mtnte,

CaCuK2(N02)6

Ppt, insol in alcohol, sol in H20 w] i
decomp

14 97 pts are sol in 100 pfcs H20 at 20° >r

1302 per cent of salt is contained in * b

solution (Przibylla, Z anorg 1897, 15 45 )

Calcium mercuric mtnte, CaCN02)2,Hg(NC >2

•f5H20

Very sol in H20 (Ray, Chem Soc 19 ),
97 327)

Calcium nickel potassium mtnte, Ca(NO i.

Ni(NOi),, 2KN02

Very si sol in cold, easily in hot H )
Insol in alcohol SI sol in dil HC2H30 f-
Aq (Erdmann )

Calcium osmium mtnte
? Osnumtnte, calcium

Calcium potassium mtnte, CaK(N02) f-

3H20

Sol mH2O (Topsoe, W A B 73, 2 1] )
Deliquescent (Lang )

Cobaltous mtnte
Known only in solution

Cobaltic lead mtnte, 3PbO, Co 03 6N20 f
12H2O

Insol in H2O (Rosenheim, Z in org 1? 3.

17 48 )

Cobaltic lead potassium mtnte, 3K 0, 3P ),

2Co2O3, 10N2O«+4HjO
Sol by boiling in much II2O Sol m )fc
acids with evolution of N203 (Stiomcycr V
96 22S )

Cobaltous potassium mtnte, 2Co(NC 2,
2KN02H-H20

Ppt (Sadtler )

Co(N02)2,2KNO2+H2() Ppt (Sadtl )

3Co(N02)2) 6KN()2+H2() Insol m c i,
sol m hot H20 SI sol m KC 2lI3O2+ q
(Erdmann, J pr 97 397 )

Insol m ethyl acetate (Niumann. 3
1904,37 3602)

Jobaltic potassium mtnte (cobalt yelk ),

Co2(N02)6, 6KN02+3H20

Very si sol in cold H20 Insol m alc< ol

and ether Sol m traces in CS2 (St E e,

NITRITE, IRON LEAD THALLOUS

625

C R 35 552 ) Insol in boiling cone
KC1, KN08, or KC2H802-f Aq

Sol in 1120 pts H20 at 17° (Rosenbladt
B 1886, 19 2535 )

Decomp when heated in aq solution
(Rosenhenn, Z anorg 1898, 17 42 )

More sol in NH4C1 or NaCl+Aq than in
H2O (Stromeyer )

SI decomp by KOH+Aq, except when
very cone , easily decomp by NaOH or
Ba(OH)2+Aq

Very si sol in KC2H802+Aq, or KNO
+Aq (Fresemus ) Sol in HCl+Aq

Sol in HC2H802, or E2C204-f-Aq (Stro-
meyer )

Small quantity of HC2H802-f Aq does not
dissolve (Fresemus )

Cobaltic potassium silver nitnte,

KCoAg2(N02)6, and K2CoAg(NO2)«
Very si sol in H20 Less sol than Na
comp (Burgess and Karum, J Am Chem
Soc 1912,34 653)

Cobaltous potassium strontium nitnte,

Co(N02)2, 2KN02, Sr(N02)2
Decomp by H2O (Erdmann, J pr 97
385 )

Cobaltic rubidium nitnte, Rb8Co(N02)6+
H2O

Sol in 19,800 pts H20 (Rosenbladt, B
19 2531 )

Cobaltic silver mtnte, CoAg8(N02)8

Fairly sol in H20 (Cunningham and

Perkm, Chem Soc 1909, 95 1568 )
2Ag2O, Co203, 3N20S+3H2O SI sol m

H2O, decomp by boiling H20 (Rosenheim,

Z anorg 1898, 17 56 )

Cobaltic silver hydroxymtnte,
Co2Ag3(OH)3(N02)6

SI sol m H20 (Suzuki. Chem Soc 1910,
97 729)

Cobaltic silver nitnte ammonia, Co203. Ag2O,

4N203,4NH3
See Cobalt ammonium comps

Cobaltic sodium nitrite, 2Na20, Co203, 4N203
Sol m H2O and alcohol (Rosenheim, Z

anorg 1898, 17 50 )

+H2O Ppt (Sadtler, Sill Am J (2) 49

3Na2O, Co208z 6N208+zH20 SolmH20,
decomp on heating, insol in alcohol (Rosen-
heim, Z anorg 1898, 17 43 )

Cobaltic strontium nitnte, 2SrO, Co20», 4N208
-f-llH^O

Ppt (Rosenhenn, Z anorg 1898, 17 54 )

Cobaltic thallium mtnte, Co2(NO2)6, 6TlNOa
Sol m 23,810 pts H20 at 17° (Rosen-
bladt, B 19 2531 )

Cobaltic zinc mtnte, 2ZnO, Cc^Os, 3N2O*4-

11H20

Sol in dil acetic acid (Rosenlieim, Z
anorg 1898, 17 56 )

Cobalt mtnte nitrate, 2CoO, CojjOs, SNsOs,

Co(N08)2+14H20
Ppt (Rosenheim, Z anorg 1898, 17. 58 )

Cupnc mtnte, basic, 2CuO, N2Oa
{Hampe, A 125 345 ) „ ^

Cu(N02)2, 3Cu(OH)2 Very si sol m H2O
or alcohol Easily sol in dil acids or am-%
moma (van der Meulen, B 12 758 )

Cupnc mtnte
Known only in solution

Cupnc lead potassium mtnte, CuPbJ£2(NC)2)6

(van Lessen, R t c 10 13 )

3 056 pts are sol m 100 pts H2O at 20°, or
2 51% salt is contained in sat solution at 20
p 429 (Przibylla, Z anorg 1897, 15 429 )

Cupnc potassium strontium nitrite,

CuSrK2(N02)6

Sol in H2O with decomp 10 82 pts are
sol in 100 pts H20 at 20°, or 9 77 per cent
salt is contained m sat solution at 20°
(Przibylla, Z anorg 1897, 15 425 )

Cupnc rubidium nitnte, Rb8Cu(N~O2)6

Easily sol in H20 Sol m alcohol (Kur-
enacker, Z anorg 1913, 82 206 )

Jupnc mtnte ammonia, Cu(NO2)2, 2NII3-H
2H20

Sol in little H2O with absorption, of much
^eat Decomp by much H2O (Pclitfot,
) R 53 209)

3CuO, N203, 2NH3-HH2O As above
Pehgot )

Indium hydrogen mtnte, Ir2H0(NO2)i2
See Indomtrous acid

Indium nitrite with MNO2
See Indomtnte, M

Iron (ferrous) lead potassium nitrite.

FePbK2(N02)6

Ppt , insol m cold H2O, stable at ordinary
emp (Przibylla, Z anorg 1897, 16 439 )

Iron (ferrous) lead thallous nitrite,

FePbTl2(N02)6
Ppt (PrzibyUa, Z anorg 1898, 18 463 )

626

NITRITE, LEAD, BASIC

Lead nitrite, basic, 4PbO, N208+H2O =
Pb(OH)N02, PbO

Sol in 143 pts H20 at 23°, and 33 pts at
100° (Chevreul )

Sol m 1250 pts cold H2O, and 34 5 pts at
100° (Peligot )

Sol in cold HN08 or HC2H302+Aq

Composition is 3PbO, N208+H20 (Meiss-
ner. J B 1876 194 )

Composition is as above (v Lorenz, W A
B 84,2 1133)

3PbO, N2Oj=Pb(]Sr02)2, 2PbO Sol in
HS0 (Bromeis, A 72 38, v Lorenz )

2PbO, N208H-H20 SI sol in H20
(Bromeis )

+3H2O (Meissner )

4PbO. 3N20S+2H20 Sol inH2O (MeisB-
ner, J B 1876 195 )

Lead nitrite, Pb(NO2)2+H20

Easily sol m H20 (Peligot, A ch 77
87)

Lead nickel potassium nitrite, Pb(NO2)2,

KN02, Ni(N02)2
Insol in H2O (Baubigny, A ch (6) 17

HI)
Ppt (Przibylla, Z anorg 1897, 15 432 )

Lead nickel thallous nitrite, NiPbTl2(N02)6
Ppt (PrzibyUa, Z anorg 1898, 18 462 )

Lead potassium nitrite, 4PbCN02)2, 6KN02-f
3H2O

Easily sol in H2O and in absolute alcohol
(Hampe, A 125 334 )

Pb(NO2)2, 2KNO2+H20 Easily sol m
H20 Insol in alcohol (Lang, J B 1862
102)

Lead potassium silver nitrite, KsAgPb(N02)6

+2H20
Ppt (Jamieson, Ana Ch J 1907, 38 619 )

Lead nitrite nitrate
See Nitrate nitrite, lead

Lithium nitrite, LiN02-f J^H2O

Deliquescent Easily sol in alcohol and
H2O (Vogel, Z anorg 1903, 36 403 )

Sat solution of LiN02+HH20 m H20
contains at

65° 815° 91° 96° 925°

638 687 724 918 94 3% LiN02
(Oswald )

-f-H2O Very sol m H20, readily forming
supersat solutions Very sol in abs alcohol
(Ball, Chem Soc 1913, 103 2133 )

100 pts H20 dissolve at
0° 10° 20°
125 156 189 pts LiNO2+H20

30°

242

40° 50°

316 459 pts LiN02+HoO

LiN02, H20 -f-Aq sat at 19° contains 48 9<
LiN02 and has sp gr =1 3186 (Oswald, i
ch 1914, (9) 1 61 )

100 g H20 dissolve 78 5 g LiN02+10 5
AgN02 at 14° (Oswald )

Lithium mercuric nitrite, LiNO2, Hg(N02)2

H20

(Ray, Chem Soc 1907, 91 2033 )
4LiN02, Hg(N02)24-4H20 Extreme

deliquescent (R&y )

Magnesium nitrite, Mg(N02)2+2H2O
Deliquescent, and sol in H20 Solut*

decomp by boihng Easily sol in absolu

alcohol (Hampe, A 125 334)
Insol in absolute alcohol (Fischer )
+3H20 Sol in H20 and absolute alcoh

Very deliquescent (Vogel, Z anorg 19(

35 397)

Magnesium osmium nitrite
See Osminitnte, magnesium

Magnesium potassium nitrite

Deliquescent, and easily sol mH2O Ins
in alcohol (Lang )

Magnesium silver nitrite

Sol in H2O with decomp
1895,19 1423)

(Spiegel, Ch

Manganous nitrite

Deliquescent, and sol m H2O (Mitsci -
lich ) Not obtained in a solid state, as e
solution decomp on evaporation (La 5,
Pogg 118 290)

Mercurous nitrite, Hg2(N02)2

Sol in H2O with partial decomp to Hg d
Hg(N02)2 (R^y, A 1901, 316 252 )

Sol m cold cone HNOs Very slowly 1
m cold dil HNO3 (Ray, Chem Soc 1£ 7,
71 339)

Decomp by boiling H2O and by cold 1
H2SO4 (Ray, Z anorg 1896, 12 360 )

+H2O Slowly decomp by H O (R y,
Chem Soc 1897, 71 340 )

Mercuric nitrite, basic, H&(NO2)2, 2Hg< +•
H2O

Ppt (Lang )

12HgO, 5N2O3+24H20 (Ray, Chem I >c
1897,71 341)

Mercuric nitrite, Hg(NO2)2

Deliquescent Partly sol in boiling P D,

but the greater part is decomp into Hg •+•

HN02 f Ray, Proc Chem Soc 1904, 20 )

Mercuromercunc mtnte, basic
a 9Hg20, 4HgO, 5N203+8H2O
ft Hg20, 2HgO, N2034-2H20
(Ray, Chem Soc 1897, 71 341 )

NITRITE POTASSIUM

627

Mercuric potassium mtnte, Hg(N02)2

Easily sol in H20 Insol in alcohol
(Lang, 1860 )

KHg(N02)8 Obtained from K^HgCN - « „
E2OH~Aq contammg a small excess of KN02
Decomp by H20 (Rosenheun, Z anorg

KsHg(]Sr02)6+H 0 Sol in H20 For-
mula of Lang is incorrect (Rosenheim, Z
aaorg 1901, 28 172 )

Mercuric sodium mtnte, Na2Hg(N02)4
Very hydroscopic Decomp by hot H2O

(Rosenheim, Z anorg 1901, 28 173 )
+2H20 Deliquescent (Ray, Chem Soc

1907.91 2032)
2Hg(N02)2, 3NaN02 Decomp by H20

(Ray, Chem Soc 1907, 91 2032 )

Mercuric strontium mtnte, 3Hg(N02)2,

2SrfNO,)«+5H80

Very sol m H20 (Ray, Chem Soc 1910,
97 327)

Mercuric nitrite hydrazuie, Hg(N02)2, N2H4
Ppt Decomp by H20 (Hofmann and
Marburg, A 1899, 305 215 )

Nickel mtnte, basic, 2NiO, N208
Ppt (Hampe, A 125 343 )

Nickel mtnte, Ni(N02)2

Sol m H20 and alcohol (Lang, I B 1862
100 )

Nickel potassium mtnte, Ni(N02)2, 4KNO2

Moderately sol in HoO (Fischer, Pogs;
74 115 ) Extiemely sol in H20 (Hampe,
A 125 346 ) Insol m absolute alcohol

Nickel potassium strontium nitrite, Ni(NOJj.

2KNO2 Sr(N02)2
SI sol in cold, easily sol in hot H20

Nickel nitrite ammonia, Ni(NO2)2, 4NH3
Sol in cold H2O Decomp on standing or

by heating Insol m alcohol Can be re-

crystalh/ed by dissolving in NH4OH-|-Aq,

and adding much absolute alcohol (Erd-

mann.J pr 97 395 )

NXNOJ , 5NHs Decomp m the air

giving Ni(N02)2, 4NTH3 (Ephraim, B 1913,

46 3110)

Osmium mtnte, Os(NO2)3
Ppt (Wmtrebert, C R 1905, 140 587 )

Osmium mtnte with MNO
See Osminitnte, M

Osmyl nitrite with MNO2
See Osmylmtnte, M

Osmyl oxymtnte with MNO2
See Osmyloxymtnte, M

Osmyl mtnte ammonia, OsO2(N02)2, 4NH3
(Wmtrebert, A ch 1903, (7) 28 56 )

Palladious mtnte with MNO2
See Palladomtnte, M

Platuious hydrogen mtnte, H2Pt(N02)4
See Platomtrous acid

Platinous mtnte with MNO2
See Platomtnte, M

Potassium mtnte, KNO2

Dehquescent Sol in H2O

Pure KN02 is not deliquescent (Oswald,
A ch 1914, (9) 1 32 )

Sol m about V* its wt of H20 (Divers,
Chem Soc 1899, 76 86 )

100 pts H20 dissolve at
0° 10° 20° 30° 40°
281 291 302 313 325 pts KNOo

50° 60°
337 5 351

70°
365

80°
380

90°

396 pts KNOa,

100° 110° 120° 130°

413 432 451 473 pts KNO2

Bpt of sat KNO + Aq is 132° at 75$ 5 mm
pressure

(Oswald, A ch 1914, (9) 1 58 )

Sp gr of KN02-|-Aq at 17 5° containing

10 20 30 40% KNTO ,
1 049 1 126 1 20S 1 295

50 60 70 74 5% KN02
1 377 1 491 1 599 1 646

(Oswald )

100 g H20 at 13 5° dissolve 18 g KNO2+
2 36 g AgN02, at 25°, 23 1 g KNO2+5 3 g
AgN02 with excess of AgN02

100 g H20 at 13 5° dissolve 276 g KNO2-j-
26 3 g AgN02, at 25°, 279 g KNO2+39 3 g
AgNO2 with excess of KN02 (Oswald )

See also under AgN02

Very sol m liquid NH-j fluanklin, Am
!h J 1S9S, 20 829)

Deliquesces m 90% alcohol, msol in cold
94% alcohol More sol in H2O than KNO3,

t less sol in alcohol (Fischer )

Ppt from its cone aq solution by the
addition of methyl alcohol Addition of
ethyl alcohol to a cone aq solution of KN02
causes separation into two layers, of which
the lower aq solution contains 71 9% KN02
while the upper alcoholic layer contains 6 9%
KN02 (Donath, Ch Z 1911, 35 773 )

Very si sol in acetone (Krug and M'El-
roy, J Anal Ch 6 184 )

628

NITRITE, POTASSIUM RHODIUM

Insol in acetone ^Eidmann, C C 18&9,
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329 )
Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1904, 37 3602 )

Potassium rhodium nitrite, 6KN02,
Rh2(N02)e
See Rhodomtnte, potassium

Solubility in H20 at t°

t°

% AgNCh

1
15
25
35
51
60

0 1589
0 2752
0 4125
0 6016
1 0240
1 3625

Potassium ruthenium nitrite
See Ruthenomtrite, potassium

Potassium silver nitrite, KN02, AgN02+

Completely sol in a little H20, but decomp
by more H20 Sol in KN02+Aq without
decomp Insol in alcohol (Lang )

Potassium strontium nitrite, 2KN02,

Sr(N02)2

Sol in HoO, msol in alcohol (Lang, Pogg
118 293 )

Potassium zinc nitrite, 2KN02, Zn(NOO»+
H20

Deliquescent Easily sol in H20 (Lang,
J B 1862 101)

K3Zn(N02)5-f-3H20 Very hydroscopic
Decomp by H20 (Rosenheim, Z anorg
1901,28 174)

Rhodium nitrite with MNO2
See Rhodomtnte, M

Rubidium nitrite, RbN"02

Deliquescent, very sol m H20, si sol m
hot alcohol, almost msol in acetone (Ball,
Chem Soc 1913, 103 2131 )

Ruthenium nitrite with MNO2
See Ruthenomtnte, M

Silver nitrite, AgN02

Sol in 120 pts cold H20 (Mitscherhch), m
300 pts (Fischer), and more abundantly in
hot H20

1 1 H2O dissolves 3 1823 g or 0 02067 g
mols at 18° (Naumann and Rucker, B
1905, 38 2294 )
1 litre H20 dissolves at —

0° 00113mol AgN02

8° 0 0159

14° 0 0189

16° 0 0203

18° 0 0216

25° 0 0260

33° 0 0370

(Pick and Abegg, Z anorg 1906, 51 3 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 3 609 g AgN02 at 21°
(Oswald, A ch 1914, (9) 1 33 )

Mols AgNOs per 1
of the solution

Mols AgNO dissol
per 1

0
0 0026
0 0052
0 0103
0 0207
0 0413
0 0827

0 0207
0 0198
0 0190
0 0169
0 0144
0 0117
0 0096

(Creighton and Ward, J Am Chem )c
1915» 37 2335 )

Solubility in AgN08+Aq at 18°

(Abegg and Pick, B 1905, 38 2573

1 1 02-N NaN08+Aq dissolves 49*
AgN02 at 25° (Ley and Schaefer, B ]
39 1263)

1 1 sat KN02+Aq dissolves 26% Ag
at 13 5° (Oswald, A ch 1914, (9) 1 3

Solubility in salts + 4q at 25°

Salt

Cone of the salt
mols per 1

C \ NO " 3S

i

0 4135

AgNOa

0 00258
0 00588
0 01177
0 02355
0 04710

0 3991
0 373£
0 343:
0 294
0 249<

KN02

0 00258
0 005SS
0 01177
0 02355
0 04710

0 3974
0 3X2C
0 356(
0 311<
0 276'

(Creighton and Ward, J Am Chem 3oc
1915, 37 2336 )

See also under KN02
AgN02+NaNO2
1 1 002 N-NaN02+Aq dissolves 3 3 5 g
AgN02 at 25° 0 2-N NaN02, 3 016 g A| FO2
(Ley and Schaefer, B 1906, 39 1263 )
100 g H20 sat with AgNO2 and Sr(j D2)a
contam 10 9 g AgN02 and 78 3 g Sr( 32)i
at 14° (Oswald )

NITRITE, SODIUM

629

Very sol in liquid NE3 (Franklin, Am
Ch J 1898, 20 829 )
Insol in alcohol
Sol in acetone (Eidmann. C C 1899,
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4328 )
100 pts acetomtrile dissolve 23 pts at ord
temp , 40 pts at 81 6° (Scholl and Steinkopf ,
B 1906,39 4393)
SI sol in methyl acetate (Bezold, Dis-
sert 1906 )
Insol in ethyl acetate (Hamers, Dissert
1906, Naumann, B 1910, 43 314 )

Silver sodium nitrite, AgN02, NaN02
Completely sol in a little H20, but decomp
by more H2O (Fischer )
H-MH20 (Oswald, A ch 1914, (9) 1
75)

Silver nitrite ammonia, AgN02, NHs
SI sol in H20, less sol in alcohol, nearly
insol in ether (Reychler, B 16 2425 )
AgNO2, 2NH3 (Reychler )
AgN02, 3NHS Deliquescent Sol in H20
(Reychler )

Sodium nitrite, NaN02
Not deliquescent Very sol in H20
More sol in H20 than NaN08, but less in
alcohol
6 pts H2O dissolve 5 pts NaN02 at 15°
(Divers, Chem Soc 1899, 76 86 )
100 g H2O dissolve 83 25 g NaN02 at 15°
(Niementowski and Roszkowski, J phys Ch
1897,22 146)

100 pts H20 dissolve at
0° 10° 20° 30° 40°
73 78 S4 915 98 5 pts NaNO2,

50° 60° 70° 80°
107 116 125 5 136 pts NaNX)2,

90° 100° 110° 120°
147 160 5 17S 198 5 pts NaN02

B-pt of sit NaNO2+-Aq = 128° at 7615
mm pressure Sat solution at 20° has a sp
gr= 13585 (Oswald, A ch 1914, (9) 1
59)
Solubility m NaN03+Aq at t°

Solubility in NaNO3+Aq at t° —Continued

t°

100 pts H2O dissolve

NaNOz

NaNOs

21

84 75
81 1
79 7
73 8
73 1
64 2
46 8
21 6
0

0
9 b
23 5
50 8
54 5*
56 7
62 8
74 7
89 3

52

108 8
107 9
104 3
101 8
99 5
98 0
97 8
65 2
44 2
27 2
14 7
0

0
6 7
20 6
34 5
43 2
62 6*
82 0
88 0
92 9
101 4
109
118

65

120 7
111 5
108 5
107 8

78 3
49 5
28 4
14 7
0

0

34 8
62 8
90 6*
96
104 1
113 4
121 4
131

81

137 1
125 7
122 7
122 6
79 1
50 0
27 2
0

0
38 8
69 8
101 0*
111 5
121 0
131 7
150

92

149 7
141 2
134 6
132 3
60 2
30 3
0

0
23 6
57 6
107 8*
130 6
145 0
163 5

100 pta H«0 dissolve

103

166
153 3
148 8
142 4
100 0
60 1
0

0
33 2
58 8
116 0*
126 8
142 9
181 2

NaNCh NaNOa

0 73 0
68 5 19
67 1 36 3
64 9 41 7*
50 3 46 8
30 2 55 4
0 74 2

* Both salts in solid phase
(Oswald, A ch 1914, (9) 1 71 )

630

NITRITE, STRONTIUM

Solubility in HjO is decreased by presence
of Na2SO* 100 pts H20 dissolve 11 8 pts
Na,2S04+ 53 9 pts NaN02 (Oswald )

Very sol in liquid NH8 (Franklm, Am
Ch J 1898, 20 829 )

Nether dissolved nor attacked by liquid
N02 (Frankland, Chem Soc 1901, 79
1361)

Sol in warm 90% alcohol (Hampe, A
125 336)

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
443 pts at 195°, 100 pts absolute ethyl
alcohol dissolve 0 31 pt at 19 5° (de Bruyn,
Z phys Ch 10 783)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910,43 314)

Strontium nitrite, Sr(N02)2

Very sol in H20, and very si sol in boiling
alcohol (Lang, Pogg 118 287 )

Easily sol in 90% alcohol (Hampe, A
125 340 )

+H2O Hydroscopic 100 ccm of the
sat solution contain 62 83 g Sr(N02)2+H20
at 19 5° (Vogel, 2 anorg 1903,35 393)

100 pts H2O dissolve at

0°
589

40°
94

80°
145

10°
676

50
105

90°
162

20°
755

30°

84 pts Sr(N02)2-f-H20,

60° 70°

116 130 pts Sr(N02)2+H20,

100°
182 pts Sr(N02)2+H20

Bpt of sat solution is 112 5° at 763 mm
pressure The sat solution at 19° contains
393% Sr(N02)2 and has sp gr at 19°/0° =
1 4461 (Oswald, A ch 1914, (9) 1 64 )

Solubility in alcohol 100 ccm of the solu-
tion in 90% alcohol contain 0 42 g Sr(N02)2
-fH2O at 20° 100 ccm of the solution in
absolute alcohol contain 004 g Sr(NO2)2+
H20 at 20° (Vogel, Z anorg 1903, 35 393 )

Thallous nitrite, T1NO2

Sol in H20 Ppt from solution in H20
by absolute alcohol (Vpgel, Z anorg 1903
35 404)

Very sol in H20, insol m alcohol (Ball
Chem Soc 1913, 103 2131 )

Zinc nitrite, basic, 2ZnO, N208
(Hampe, A 126 334 )

Zinc nitrite, Zn(N02)2-f3H2O

Deliquescent Sol in H20 and alcohol
(Lang, J B 1862 99 )

Nitrous oxide, [N2O
See Nitrogen monoxide

Nitroxyl bromide, N02Br

Decomp spontaneously or with I 0
Hasenbach, J pr (2) 4 1 )
Does not exist (Frohhch, A 224 270

Nitroxyl chloride, NO2C1
Decomp by H2O without evolution of is
Probably does not exist (Geuther, A ' 5

98)

Nitroxyl fluoride, N02F

Absorbed by H20 with formation of H 08
and HF Decomp by H2O, alcohol, ad
ether (Moissan and Lebeau, C R 1 )5,
140 1624)

Nitroxypyrosulphtinc acid,

(HO)S206(NO«), H20

Very deliquescent Sol in H20 with ie-
comp (Weber, Pogg 142 602)

Nitryl chloride, N02C1
See Nitroxyl chloride

Octamine cobaltic compounds

The formulaa of the following octa me

cobaltic compounds should be reduced ne-

half, and they should be classed with the

tetramine cobaltic compounds (Jorge en
Z anorg 2 279)

Octamine cobaltic carbonate,

Co2(NH3)8(C03)6+3H20
Easily sol in H2O (Vortmann and las

berg, B 22 2654 )
See Carbonatotetranune carbonate
Co2(NH3)803(C03)4+3H20 Rather iffi

cultly sol in H20

chloride (?), Co (NH3)8 (OH)2 U4

2H20

Ppt

Co2(NH3)8(OH)2Gl4, 2HgCl2
Co2(NH3)8(OH)2Cl4, PtCl4+H O ( ort
mann and Blasberg, B 22 2554 )

mercuric chloride, C o2(NH Cl(

3HgCl2-fH/)

Co2(NH3)8Cl6, HgGl2 Difhcultly s< 11
cold H20, decomp onwuming (Vortm in

chlorosulphite. Co2(NH3)8(SO >CI

+4H20

Sol m H20 (Vortmann and Magde are
B 22 2635)

— chromate,

Co2(NH3)8(Cr04)3(H20)2+2H20
Sol m H2O or acetic acid
-f 8H2O Sol in warm H20 or acetic cid
Co2(NH3)8(Cr04) Cr207(H20)2+H20 Las
ily sol in H2O, from which it is precip] ite<
bydil HNOa+Aq (Vortmann, B 15 I 95

OSMIAMIC ACID

631

Octamine cobaltic nitrate, Co2(NH3)8(N08)6

-f2H20

Sol in H20, precipitated by cone HN08+
Aq (Vortmann )

• mtratocarbonate,

Co2(NH8)8(N03)2(C03)2+H20
Less sol than other octamme carbonates
(Vortmann and Blasberg, B 22 2650 )
See Carbonatotetramine cobaltic nitrate

purpureochlonde,

Co2(NHs)8Cl6(H20)2

Easily sol m H2O, partly precipitated from
aqueous solution by cone HCl+Aq (Vort-
mann, B 10 1451 )

= Chlorotetramine cobaltic chloride,
ClCo(NHs)4(OH2}Cl2, wich see (Jorgen-
sen, J pr (2) 42 211 )

purpureomercunc chloride,

Co2(NH8)8Cl6(H20)2, 6HgCl2

SI sol in cold, easily in hot H20 (Vort-
mann )

= Chlorotetramine cobaltic mercuric chlo-
ride (Jorgensen, J pr (2) 42 211 )

purpureomercunc hydroxychloride,

Co2N8H16(IfeCl)4(HgOH)4Cl6
Ppt (Vortmann and Morgulis, B 22
2647)

Co2N8H10(HgOH)8Cl0 (V and M )
Co2N8HJ6(HgOH)8Cl4(OH)2 (VandM)

purpureomercunodide, basic,

Co N8H18(HgOH)6Ir
(Vortmann and Borsbach, B 23 2805 )

purpureochloroplatinate

Very si sol in H^O (Vortmann )

= Chlorotcti ammc cobaltic chloroplatmate,

ClCo(NH,)4(OHOPtCl()+2H20 (Jorgensen,

J pr (2) 42 215 )

roseochlonde, Co2(NH3)8Cl6(H20)2

+2H20, or 4H2O

Sol in H2O (Vortmann, B 15 1891 )
Sec Roseotetramme cobaltic chloride

- roseomercunc chloride,

Co2(NH3)8Clr(H 0)2, 6HgCb-f-3H20
Fpt (Vortmann )

roseomercunc hydroxychlonde,

Co2N8H]r(HgCl)6(HgOH)2Cl6
(Vortmann and Morgulis, B 22 2647 )
Co2N8H16(HgOH)8Cle (V and M )
Co2N8Hlfl(HgOH)8Cl4(OH)2 (V and M )

roseomercunc iodide,

Co2N8H21(HgI)3T6

Ppt Sol in HC1 or HN08 (Vortmann
and Borsbach, B 23 2806 )

Co2N8H20(HgI)4I6

(V andB)
2 Ppt (V andB)

Octamine cobaltic sulphate,

Co2(NH8)8(OH)2(S04)2+3H20 (?)

Insol in H2O or dil H2S04-|-Aq Sol in
moderately cone HCl+Aq (Vortmann and
Blasberg, B 22 2653 )

Co2(NH8)8(S04)3+6H30 Sol in H20
(Vortmann )

-f 4H2O Easily sol in H2O

See Roseotetramme cobaltic sulphate

sulphatocarbonate,

aiuLmausuoiuuJuai*;,

Co2(NH8)8S04(COs)2+3H20
Sol in H20 (Vortmann, B 10 1458 )
See Carbonatotetramine cobaltic sulphate
Co2(NH8)8(S04)2COa+4H2O Sol inH2(X
(Vortmann and Blasberg, B 22 2650 )

• ammonium sulphite,

Co2(NH3)8(SO8NH4)6+10H20
See Octamine cobalfcsulpiute, ammonium

Octamine cobaltisulphurous acid

Ammonium octamme cobaltisulphite,

Co2(NH8)8(SO8NH4)6+10H20
Sol in H20 (Vortmann and Magdeburg.
B 22 2632)
Co2(NH3)8(S03)2(S03NH4)2+4H2O

Ammonium barium — ,

Co2(NH8)8(S08)6Ba2(NH4)2+7H20
Ppt (V and M )

Barium ,

7H20

Ppt (V and M )

Co2(NH3)8(S03)cBa8+

Cobaltic ,

Co2(NH8)8(S03)6Co2+36H2O, and
24H2O

Luteocobaltic ,

Co2(NH3) 8(S03)6(NH3) 1 2Co2 -f 8H2O
Ppt (V and M )

Octamine indium chloride,

Ir2(NH8)8Cl6

Very sol m H20 (Palmaer, B 22 16 )

Octamme indium chlorosulphate,
^(NH^sC
(Palmaer )

Osnuamic acid, H2N2Os2O6, or

H2N2Os2O6(?)

Known only in aqueous solution, which is
unstable

632

OSMIAMATE, AMMONIUM

Ammonium osmiamate

Easily sol in H20 or alcohol (Fritzsche
and Struve, J pr 41 97 )

Banum osmiamate, BaN2Os205
Moderately sol m H20

Lead osmiamate

Ppt Sol in acids without decomp

Lead osmiamate chloride
Ppt

Mercurous osmiamate

Ppt

Mercuric osmiamate
Ppt

Potassttim osmiamate, K2N2Os205, or
K2N2Os206

SI sol in cold, much more easily in hot
H20 SI sol in alcohol Insol in ether

Silver osmiamate, Ag2N2Os206

Extremely si sol in H20 or cold HNO8+
Aq Sol inNH4OH+Aq

Sodium osmiamate
Easily sol in H20 or alcohol

Zinc osmiamate, ZnN2Os205

Decomp byH20 Nearly insol mNH4OH
+Aq

Osmic acid, H20s04

Stable in H20 containing alcohol Sol in
HN08 or HCl+Aq Not attacked by H2S04
-t-Aq (Moraht and Wischm, Z anorg 3
153)

100 g H20 dissolve 538 g H20s04 at 15°
(Squire and Cams, Pharm J 1905, 74 720 )

Attacked by liquid NH8 (Gore, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 828 )

Barium osmate, BaOs04+H20

Insol in H20 (Glaus, Pogg 65 205 )

Calcium osmate, CaOs04
Insol in H20 (Fremy, J pr 33 411 )

Lead osmate

Insol in H20 (Fremy )

Potassium osmate, K2Os04-|-2H2O

SI sol in cold, much more sol in hot H20,

but is decomp thereby SI sol in KN02+

Aq Insol m dil or cone alcohol and ether

Fremy A ch (3) 12 516 )

Insol in cone saline solutions (Gibbs,

Am J Sci (2) 31 70 )

Sodium osmate, Na20s04

""iSol m H20, insol in alcohol and etl r

(Fremy, I c )

Perosmic acid
See Perosmic acid

Osmimtrous acid

Ammonium osmnutnte, (NH4)2Gs(N02) h

2H20

Sol in HsO Decomp when solutior is

warmed (Wintrebert, C R 1905, 140 & )

Barium osmimtnte, BaOs(N02)6
+E20, +4H20 (Wintrebert )

Calcium osmimtnte, CaOs(NO2)5+4H20
(Wintrebert )

Magnesium osmimtnte, MgOs(NO2)6-f

4H20
(Wuitrebert )

Potassium osmmitnte, K2Os(NO2)6

Verv hygroscopic Very sol in H )
Decomp by HC1, HBr and HI (Wmtreb t,
A ch 1903, (7) 28 135 )

Silver osmimtnte, Ag2Os(NO2)6H-2H20

SI sol m H2O with partial decomp (^ i-
trebert, C R 1905, 140 586 )

Sodium osmimtnte, Na2Os(NO2)6-f-2H20
Sol mH20 (Wintrebert)

Strontium osmimtnte, SrOs(NO2)5+2H20
(Wintrebert )

Zinc osmimtnte, ZnOs(NO2)6+J^H2O
(Wintrebert )

Osmyloxymtrous acid

Ammonium osmyloxymtnte,

(NH4)2Os03(N02)2

Decomp by boiling cone HOI and by K H[
+Aq (Wintrebert, A ch 1903, (7) 28 10 )

Barium osmyloxymtnte, BaOs03(N02; f
4H20 (Wmtrebert )

Potassium osmyloxymtnte, K2OsO3(N02; f

3H20

SI sol in cold H20 Aqueous solution e-
comp slowly Sol with decomp in dil K El
+Aq (Wintrebert )

Silver osmyloxymtnte, Ag2OsO8(N02) 2 +H )
(Wintrebert )

OSMIUM OXIDE

633

Strontium osmyloxymtnte, SrOs08(N02)24-
3H20 (Wmtrebert)

Osmylnitrous acid

Potassium osmylmtnte, K2Os02(N02)4

Decomp by'H20 and by excess of KOH+
Aq (Weinland, A ch 19C3, (7) 28 54 )

Osxmsulphurous acid

Potassium osmisulphite, [Os(H20)(S08)fi3K6

-f-4HaO
Ppt (Rosenheun, Z anorg 1899, 21 144 )

Potassium hydrogen osmisulphite,

[Os2(H2&)(S08)ii]KnH8+5HoO
Sol in H20 without decomp (Rosenhenn)
[Os(S08)6]K6H2+2H20 Sol in H20 with-
out decomp (Rosenheun )

Sodium osnusulphite, [Os(S08)elNa8+8E:20
Only si sol in H20
[Os(H20)(S08)6]Na,+4H20 Ppt
[OsO(S03)4]Na*+3H20 Ppt (Rosen-

heim )

Osmium, Os

When finely divided and not ignited to a
Very high temperature, Os is sol in HNO8+
Aq or aqua regia When ignited it is not at-
tacked by any acid

Insol in liquid NH8 (Gore, Ajn ch J
1898, 20 828)

Osmium ammonium comps
See —

Oxyosmiumamine comps , OsO(NH8)2X
Oxyosmmmctoamine comps , Os02(NH8)4X2

Osmium bromide with MBr
See Bromosmate, M

Osmium bichloride, OsCl2

Deliquescent Sol in little, but decomp by
more H2O, with pptn of Os Sol in cone
alkali chlorides +Aq with combination and
partial decomp (Berzelius )

Sol in alcohol and ether

Insol in H20 Insol m HC1 and H2S04
bl sol in HN03 and aqua regia Slowly sol
m strong alkali Insol m liquid C12 Insol
in alcohol and foimaldehyde (Ruff, Z anorg
1910, 65 455 )

Osmium inchlonde, OsCla

Hydroscopic Sol m cone H2S04, HC1 and
cone HN08 Sol m alkali and in NH4OH
Insol in liquid C12 Easily sol in alcohol
SI sol m ether (Ruff, Z anorg 1910, 65
453)

+3H20 Sol in H20 (Moraht and Wis-
chm, Z anorg 3 153 )

Osmium Zefrachloride, OsCl4

Sol m a little H2O, but decomp by further
addition of that solvent Sol m cone HC1+
Aq

Osmium Znchloride with MCI
See Chlorosmite, M

Osmium tetracblonde with MCI
See Chlorosmate, M

Osmium sodium chloride, Na2OsCl6+2H2O

Very sol in H2O and in alcohol (Rosen-
heim, Z anorg 1899, 21 133 )

Osmium tefr-afluoride, OsF4
Sol in H20 (Ruff, B 1913, 46 948 )

Osmium ftacafluoride, OsF6

Decomp by H20 and cone H2S04 Sol in
NaOH+Aq (Ruff, B 1913,46 945)

Osmium octofluoride, OsFs

Sol m H20, but is somewhat hydrolyzed
Sol in cone H2SO4 with decomp Sol in
NaOH+Aq (Ruff, B 1913, 46 944 )

Osmium raoftohydroxide, OsO, zH2O

Insol in H20 SI sol m KOH+Aq
Slowly but completely sol in acids (Ber-
zehus )

Osmium dthydroxide, Os02, H2O

Sol in HCl+Aq while still moist Insol
m H2S04 or HNOs+Aq

-H2H2O Sol m HC1, HNO8, or H2SO4+
Aq while still moist (Glaus and Jacoby )

Sol in acids, and partly sol m KOH+Aq
(Glaus and Jacoby )

Osmium iodide, OsI4

Extremely deliquescent Sol m H2O of
alcohol, but solution is unstable (Moraht
and Wischin, Z anoig 3 153 )

Osmium potassium rutrosochloride,

K2Os(NO)Cl5

Stable m aqueous solution Only si at-
tacked by hot HNO3 (Wmtrebert, A ch
1903, (7) 28 132 )

Osmium monoxide, OsO
Insol m H20 or acids (Glaus and Jacoby )

Osmium dioxide, OsO2
Insol m H20 or acids

Osmium sesgmoxide, Os2O8
Insol in acids (Glaus and Jacoby )

634

OSMIUM OXIDE

Osmium inoxide, " Osmic acid," Os08
See Osmic acid

Osmium tefroxide, " Perosmic acid," Os04

Slowly but abundantly sol in H20 Sol in
alcohol and ether with gradual decomposition
Sol in NH4OH+Aq, the solution undergoing
decomposition on heating

Osmium oxide ammonia, Os02, 2NH8+HaO
See Oxyosmiumamine hydroxide

Osmium oxysulphide, OssS70fi+2H20

Unstable

OsS03+l^H20 Insol in H20 (v
Meyer, J prJ2) 16^ 77 )

Decomp and dissolved by
HNOVHCl, or H2S044-Aq (Moraht and
Wischm, Z anorg 3 153 )

Osmium sulphide, Os2S8 (?)

(Berzelius )

Mm Launte Insol in all acids, even in
aqua regia

Osmium ^sulphide, OsS2

SI sol in H20, not more sol in alkali
hydrates or carbonates +Aq Insol m al-
kalies after drying (Fremy, A ch (3) 12
521)

Osmium tefrasulphide, OsS4H-zH20

Insol ni alkali sulphides, carbonates, or
hydroxides H-Aq Sol m cold dil HNOS+
Aq (Glaus )

Osmocyanhydnc acid, H4Os(CN)6

Easily sol in H20 and alcohol Insol in
ether (Martins, 4 117 361 )

Barium osmocyamde, Ba2Os(CN)64-6H20
Easily sol in H2O and dil alcohol (M )

Barium potassium osmocyanide,

BaK2Os(CN)6+3H20
Efflorescent SI sol in cold, easily m hot
H20

Feme osmocyamde, Fe4[Os(CN)6]3+:cH20
Insol m H20

Potassium osmocyanide, K4Os(CN)6+3H2O
Moderately sol in boiling, less in cold H20
Insol m alcohol and ether

Osmosyl ammonium comps
See Oxyosmium amine comps

Osmyl pottasium bromide, K2OsO2Br4+

Same properties as the chloride (Wintre-
bert, A ch 1903, (7) 28 94 )

Osmyl potassium chloride, K2Os02Cl4
Very sol in H20 Solution is stable o y

in the presence of a small amt of HC1 *-

comp by hot cone HC1

4-2H20« As the anhydrous salt (Win. 3-

bert, A ch 1903, (7) 28 86 )

Osmyl cfotetramine coinps
See Oxyosmium famine comps

Oxamidosulphomc acid

See Hydroxylamine monosulphonic acid

Oximidosulphomc acid
See Hydroxylamine <&sulphonic acid

Oxyamidosulphomc acid
See Hydroxylamine sulphomc acid

Oxyanunomum salts
See Hydroxylamine salts

Oxycobaltamines, acid comps

(Maquenne, C R 96 344 )
Are anhydrooxy cobalt amme comps , wl h
see (Vortmann, M ch 6 404 )

Oxycobaltamine chloride,

(Vortmann, M ch 6 404 )
Co2(NH3)i002Cl4, HC1+3H20 Is ar y-
drooxvcobaltamme chloride , which &o(

— chloromtrate hydrochloride,
Co2(NH3)io(OH)(0 OH)(NO JaCl8>
4HC1+3H20

Is anhydrooxy cobaltanairu diloiomti e,
which see

chlorosulphate,

Easily decomp
iodide, C

U 411C1

J4

1 sol in H () Docorrip by nuuh I 0
(Vortmann )

— nitrate, Co2(NH3)10(OII)(<> ()JI)(N ,)4

+H20

Decomp by H2O

Co2(NH3)io^OH)(0 OH)(NOj)4, UNO,
2H20 Decomp by H,0

- — mtratosulphate,

Co2(NH8)10(OH)(0 OH)(b04)(N03)2
4HN03
Decomp at once by H20

OXYGEN

635

Oxycobaltamine sulphate,

Absorption of O by HaO — Continued

CO2(NHs)ioO2(S04)2, H^SO-i-j-HaO
\T ^,1 jvl ^*\ TT C\ xl» J

t°

ft

ft

Verv si sol in J±2O with decomp , more
easily sol in acidified H20 Sol in acids

14

0 3486

0 3431

(Maquenne, C R 96 344 )
Co2(NH8)io (o(OH)) (S04)2+3H20

15
16
17
18

3415
3347
3283
3220

3358
3288
3220
3155

Co2(NH3)io ( Qfrygn J (11804)4 Decomp
violently bv H2O

19
20
21

3161
3102
3044

3093
3031
2970

298S

2911

Oxygen, 02

23

2934

2853

100 vols H2O absorb 4 6 vols 0 gas at ord temp

24

2881

2797

(Otto Graham )
Sol in 27 pts H20 at ord temp (Pelouze and
Fremy )

25
26

2831
2783

2743
2691

100 vols H20 dissolve 0 925 vol 0 (Gay Lussac )

27

2736

2641

1 vol H20 at t° and 760 mm absorbs V vols
O gas, reduced to 0° and 760 mm

28
29

2691
2649

2592
2545

30

2608

2500

t° V

t° V

t° V

31

2572

2459

32

94.1 Q

0 0 04114

7 0 03465

14 0 03034

33

2503

&'±JL&

2380

1 0 04007

8 0 03389

15 0 02989

34

2471

2342

2 0 03907

9 0 03317

16 0 02949

35

2440

2306

3 0 03810

10 0 03250

17 0 02914

36

2410

2270

4 0 03717

11 0 03189

18 0 02884

37

2382

2236

5 0 03628

1? 0 03133

19 0 02858

38

2355

2203

6 0 03544

13 0 03082

20 0 02838

39

2330

2171

40
41

2280

2140
2107

(Bunsen's Gasometrv )

Coefficient of absorption of 0 by H20 =

42

2256

2075

0 041 15-0 0010899t +0 000022563t2 (Bun-

43

2232

2043

sen and Pauli, A 93 21 )

44

2209

2012

Coefficient of absorption of 0 in H2O at

45

2187

1981

6 4° = 0 041408, at 12 6° = 0 036011 (Timofe-

46

2166

1952

]ew, Z pnys Ch 6 148 )

47

2145

1922

Absorption of O by H20 ft « " solubility /
i e , the amount of gas (reduced to 0° anc
760 mm ) which is absorbed by 1 vol o:

48
49
50'
52

2126
2108
2090

1894
1865
1837

1789

the liquid when the barometer indicates

54

2026

JL I QJU

1728

760 mm pressure, j3 = coefficient of ab-
sorption, i e } amount absorbed by the
liquid when the pressure of the gas itsel
without the tc nbion of the liquid amounts

56
58
60
62

1998
1971
1946
1921

1674
1619
1565
1508

to 760 mm , ft =ff7b°'"f, when f = va

64

1897

1450

7bO

66

1874

1392

poi tension of solvent at t°

68
17 /-\

1853

1332

7U

1833

1270

t°

ft

fti

72

*7/l

1815

1208

0

0 04890

0 04860

74:

76

1799
1785

1144
1078

1

4759

4728

78

1772

1010

2

4633

4601

80

1761

0939

3

4512

4479

82

1752

0865

4

4397

4362

84

1743

0788

5

4286

4250

86

1736

0707

6

4181

4142

88

1729

0622

7

4080

4040

90

1723

0532

8

3983

3941

92

1717

0437

9

3891

3847

94

1712

0337

10

3802

3756

96

1708

0231

11

3718

3670

98

1704

0119

12

3637

3587

100

7001

0000

13

3560

3507

(Wmkler B 24 3609)

636

OXYGEN

Absorption of 0 by H20 at t° and 760 mm

Solubility in H20 at various pressures

0 = coefficient of absorption

V= volume of the absorbing liquid

P = Hg-pressure in metres

t°

ft

t°

P

t°

ft

X = coefficient of solubility

0

0 04961

23

0 03006

46

0 02163

V

t°

P

X

1

4838

24

2956

47

2139

2

4720

25

2904

48

2115

33 320 ccm

23°

0 9595

0 029*.

3

4606

26

?855

49

2092

1 0941

0 029,

4

4496

27

2808

50

2070

1 2883

0 029,

5

4389

28

2762

51

2049

1 4976

0 029

6

4286

29

2718

52

2029

1 7638

0 029*.

7

4186

30

2676

53

2009

2 0838

0 029

8

4089

31

2635

54

1990

2 5011

0 029$

9

3994

32

2596

55

1972

3 0402

0 029C

10

3903

33

2558

56

1955

3 8675

0 0288

11

3816

34

2521

57

1938

4 2504

0 028/

12

3732

35

2486

58

1922

4 6301

0 028£

13

3651

36

2452

59

1907

5 1360

0 028,

14

3573

37

2419

60

1893

5 6973

0 028]

15

3497

38

2387

65

1832

6 1857

0 027<:

16

3425

39

2356

70

1787

6 7343

0 027 /

17

3357

40

2326

75

1752

7 3051

0 0274

18

3292

41

2297

80

1726

7 7138

0 027^

19

3230

42

2269

85

1707

8 1406

0 027C

20

3171

43

2241

90

1693

21

3114

44

2214

95

1684

32 003 ccm

25 9°

0 8611

0 0284

22

3059

45

2188

100

1679

0 9808

IrVOOO

0 0284

(Bohr and Bock, W Ann (2) 44 318 )

0833
1 2039

0 0284

1 4112

0 0284

Coefficient of absorption of 0 by H20 be-
tween 0° and 30° -0 04890— 00013413t+
0 0000283t2— 0 00000029534t3 (Wmkler, I c )
Solubility m H20 at 25° =0 03080, at 15° =
0 03630 (Geffcken, Z phys Ch 1904, 49

1 6602
2 3854
2 6482
2 8995
3 2883
3 9133

oooooo

269)

4 2720

0 027*

4 6905

0 027 <

Absorption of 02 by distilled H20 at t°

5 055Q

0 027C

a = ccm of 02 absorbed by 1 1 of H20 afc

5 6141
0 0120

0 027^
0 027

t\and 760 mm

6 5687

0 0271
0 0^6?

t° | a

t°

a

t°

a

7 4729

0 026 <

0 49 24

17

33 21

34

25 19

8 1889

0 026^

1 47 94
2 46 65

18
19

32 58
32 01

35
36

24 85
24 52

(Cassuto, Phys Zeit 1904, 5 2 56 )

3 45 45

20

31 44

37

24 20

4 44 31
5 43 21
6 42 15

21
22
23

30 91
30 38
29 86

38

39
40

23 89
23 59
23 30

Solubility of O in H2O it 2 5° =0029
(Fmdlay and Creighton, Bioch J 1911,
294)

7 41 15
8 40 19
9 39 28
10 38 37

24
25
26
27

29 38
28 90
28 42
27 94

41
42

43

44

93 02
22 75
22 49
22 24

Coefficient of absorption for H2O =0 033(
at 15°, 003375 at 153°, 003330 at 162
(Mtiller, Z phvs Ch 1912, 81 4Q4 )

11 37 51

28

27 51

45

22 00

12 36 75

29

27 08

46

21 77

13 35 98

30

26 65

47

21 55

14 35 26

31

26 27

48

21 34

15 34 55

32

25 90

49

21 14

16 33 88

33

25 54

50

20 95

(Fox, Trans Faraday Soc 1909,6 74)

OXYGEN

637

Solubility in H20 at t°

1760 = solubility of atmospheric 02inH20 at
760mm and t°

t°

1760

t°

1700

0

10 26

13

7 51

1

9 99

14

7 36

2

9 73

15

7 21

3

9 48

16

7 07

4

9 25

17

6 Q3

5

9 02

18

6 80

6

8 80

19 v

6 67

7

8 59

20

6 55

8

8 39

21

6 43

9

8 20

22

6 32

10

8 02

23

6 21

11

7 84

24

6 10

12

7 67

25

6 00

(Carlson, Zeit angew Ch 1913, 26 714 )

Solubility of atmospheric 02 m mixtures of
distilled H2O with sea water diminishes regu-
larly with the proportion of sea water present
(Clowes, J Soc Chem Ind 1904, 23 359 )

No of com of 02 absorbed by II of sea water
from a free dry atmosphere of 760 mm
pressure

Cl
1000

0
4
8
12
16
20

t=0°

4°

S

12°

16

20°

24°

OCO
4Q

10 29

9 83
9 36
8 90
8 43
7 97

9 26

8 85
8 45
8 04
7 64
7 23

8 40
8 04
7 68
7 33
6 97
6 62

7 68
7 36
7 04
b 74
b 43
6 11

7 08
6 80
6 52
6 24
5 96
5 69

6 57
6 33
6 07
5 82
5 56
5 31

6 14
5 91
5 67
5 44
5 20
4 95

5 75
5 53
5 31

5 08
4 86
4 62

(Fox, Irans Faraday Soc 1909,5 77)

tor O ibsorbcd from the an, see also an,
atmospheric, p 1

Absoiption of O2 by acids -f Aq
M = content m grim-equivalents pel litic
b = solubility

HNO -f Aq

Absorption of 02 by acids+Aq —Continued
HCl+Aq

M

S25°

S 15°

0 578
0 579
1 170
1 176
1 736
1 982

0 02963
0 02960
0 02817
0 02833
0 02733
0 02674

0 03431
0 03410
0 03217
0 03109
0 03069
0 0298S

H2SO

M

S25°

S 15°

0 489

0 02887

0 03366

0 527

0 02875

0 03375

0 977

0 02757

0 03210

1 017

0 02745

0 03217

1 896

0 02545

0 02886

1 829

0 02577

0 02930

2 947

0 02285

0 02584

3 512

0 02198

0 02399

4 951

0 02174

5 293

0 01918

0 02067

(Geffcken, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 269 )

Absorption of O by H2SO4+Aq at t°
a = coefficient of absorption

Normality of the acid

t°

a

0

20 9

0 0310

4 9

20 9

0 0105

8 9

20 9

o ()i5r>

10 7

21 2

0 014*

20 3

21 1

o on<>

24 8

21 5

0 OHM

29 6

20 S

0 0117

34 3

20 0

0 0201

35 8

21 2

0 027r>

(Bohi, Z ph\s Ch 1010, 71 -40)

AbbOiption ol O by N i()H+ \q

M= content in «£i un-< ennv dents JKJ liti<
S = solubility

M

S25°

S 15°

M

S 2»°

S 1 i

0 492
0 494
1 00
1 008
1 88
1 901

0 03021
0 03016
0 02Q54
0 02963
0 02853

0 0347S
0 03490
0 03354
0 03365
0 03175
0 03166

0 559
0 601
1 033
1 059
2 077
2 089

0 02434
0 02424
0 02020
0 01901
0 01295
0 01272

0 02777

0 027M
0 02201
0 ()22()2
0 01470
0 014%

OXYGEN

Absorption of 02 by KOH+Aq

M

825°

S15°

0 577
0 579
1 157
1 170

0 02447
0 02435
0 01920
0 01914

0 02791
0 02791
0 02191
0 02181

(Geffcken, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 270 )

NaCl+Aq with a chlorine content of 1,930
per 100,000 dissolved 829% of the amount
of 02 dissolved by distilled H20 alone
(Clowes, J Soc Chem Ind 1904, 23 359 )

Absorption of 02 by salts +Aq
M = content m gram-equivalents per litre
S= solubility

Absorption of O = b

M

3 25

S 15°

0 499
0 508
0 968
0 970

0 02528
0 02530

0 02096

0 02944
0 02922
0 02395
0 02377

Absorption of 02 by NaCl+Aq

M

S25

S 15

0 530
0 535
1 020
1 034
1 880
1 890
1 921

0 02598
0 02604
0 02226
0 02202

0 01663
0 01654

0 03045
0 03052
0 02601
0 02557
0 01898
0 01904
0 01869

(Geffcken, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 270 )

Solubility of 02 m NaCl+Aq
Data indicate cc 02 dissolved per 1 at
760 mm and 0°

0
5

10
15
20
25
30

NaCl+Aq
1 g mol per 1

6 50

80
25
77
39
06

3 76

NaCl +Aq
2 g mol per 1

3 14
2 84
2 59
2 41
2 25
2 13
2 01

NaCl+Aq
sat at 20°

27
22
17
12
07
02

0 97

(Wmkler, Z anorg 1911,24 342)

Solubility of 02 m KCN+Aq at 20°
%KCN 1 10 20 30 50

Coeff of abs 0 029 0 018 0 013 0 008 0 003
(McLaurm, J S C I 1893, 63 737 )

1 vol alcohol absorbs 0 28397 vol 0 at a]
temperatures between 0° and 24° (Bunsen

Absorption by alcohol (99 7%) at t°
j8= coefficient of absorption,
ft -solubility (Seep 635)

0

1
2
3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

0 23370
0 23296
0 23222
0 23149
0 23077
0 23005
0 22934
0 22863
0 22793
0 22724
0 22656
0 22588
0 22521
0 22455
0 22389
0 22324
0 22259
0 22195
0 22132
0 22069
0 22007
0 21946
0 21886
0 21826
0 21767

0 22978
0 22878
0 22777
0 22675
0 22572
0 22469
0 22365
0 22260
0 22155
0 22047
0 21937
0 21827
0 21715
0 21601
0 21484
0 21365
0 21245
0 21122
0 20994
0 20862
0 20733
0 20600
0 20459
0 20317
0 20172

(Timofejew, Z phys Ch 6 151 )
Solubility of 02 m alcohol at 20° and 760 mm

wt %

alcohol

Vol %
abs O2

Wt %
alcohol

Vol %
U!>H Oa

0 0

2 98

33 33

2 ()7

9 09

2 78

50 0

3 50

16 67

2 63

bb <>7

4 05

23 08

2 52

80 0

5 (>(>

28 5/

2 49

(Lubarsch, W Ann 1SS9, (2) 37 525)
Solubility of O2 in mothyl alcohol it t°

t

l

t

1

0

0 31864

25

0 23(>42

5

0 30506

30

0 215(>9

10

0 29005

40

0 1<>9<)()

15

0 27361

50

0 11840

20

0 25574

(Levi, Gazz ch it 1901, 31 II, 513 )

Solubility of 02 m ether at 0° = 0 4235, a
10° = 04215 (Chnstoff, Z phys Ch 1912
79 459 )

OXYMERCIIRIAMMONIUM CARBONATE

639

Solubility of 02 in acetone at t°

Absorption of O2 by glucose+Aq
t° = temp of the solution
P = % glucose in the solution
/3 t° = coefficient of absorption at t°
£ 20° = coefficient of absorption at 20°

t°

l

t°

1

0
5
10
15
20

0 2997
0 2835
0 2667
0 2493
0 2313

25
30
40
50

0 2127
0 1935
0 1533
0 1057

t°

P

/3t°

020°

21 2
21 5
19 9
20 5

21 7

10 84
20 7
33 8
51 9
58 84

0 02650
0 02202
0 01814
0 01378
0 01221

0 02690
0 02250
0 01815
0 01390
0 01250

(Levi, Gazz ch it 1901, 31 II, 513 )

Absorption of 02 by chloralhvdrate-fAq

t° = temp of the solution
P = % chloralhydrate in the solution
jS t° = coefficient of absorption at t°
0 15° = coefficient of absorption at 15°
$ 20° = coefficient of absorption at 20°

t°

P

/3t°

/3l5°

18 3
16 9
15 4
16 6
12 8
16 2
15 9
17 2
16 9

22 9

28 0
36 6
38 6
51 3
58 44
70 0
80 85
80 9

0 02759
0 02690
0 02590
0 02402
0 02439
0 02350
0 02659
0 03200
0 03140

0 02940
0 02800
0 02560
0 02477
0 02339
0 02407
0 02710
0 03300
0 03250

20 0
21 0
21 0
20 4
21 8
21 0
22 2

16 9
32 0
52 0
61 OS
65 5
71 4
7S 0

0 02795
0 02443
0 02375
0 02390
0 02500
0 02680
0 03090

/S20°

0 02795
0 02495
0 02325
0 02410
0 02580
0 02730
0 03280

(Mullcr, / ph>s Ch 1912,81 499)

Abboiption of O by glycennc+Aq

t° = tcmp of th< solution

P = %glyunn< in tlu isolation

/3 t0 = co<fl cunt of ibsoiption it t°

jS 15° = <o(fl cunt of ibsoiption at 15°

t°

P

0f

/8l5°

12 2

20 5

0 02904

0 02742

12 5

25 0

0 02654

0 02521

14 6

37 3

0 02038

0 02022

13 5

45 0

0 01800

0 01744

12 4

52 0

0 01623

0 01570

12 1

71 5

0 01010

0 00950

13 3

88 5

0 00906

0 00886

(Muller )

(Muller )

Absorption of O2 by sucrose +Aq
t°=temp of the solution
P = % sucrose in the solution
jg t° = coefficient of absorption at t°
£ 15°= coefficient of absorption at 15°

t°

P

]8t°

£ 15°

15 3
16 2

0 03375
0 03330

0 03400
0 03397

16 0
15 6
16 6
15 6
16 2
17 2

12 1
24 38
28 44
42 96
49 25
50 0

0 02911
0 02367
0 02113
0 01582
0 01348
0 01302

0 02969
0 02396
0 02181
0 01600
0 01380
0 01359

(Mutter )

Abundantly absorbed by oil of turpentine
Oil of turpentine absorbs its own vol 0 when
exposed two weeks to the air, but does not
give it off on boiling (Brandes )

Absorbed by other oils, but this is decom-
position rather than absorption, as the oils
arc oxidized (See Storer's Diet )

100 vols arterial blood dissolve 10-13 vols
O (Magnus )

Coefficient of absorption foi petroleum =
0202 at 20° , 0229 at 10° (Gmewasz and
Walfisz, Z phvs Ch 1 70 )

The author examined the solubility of O
and N2 it low temp in alcoholb others, ace-
tone, CHC13, petroleum, be nzene and various
inorganic liquids, at low temp the solubility
of the Ni increases at the same iate as that of
the 02 (Claude, C R 1900, 131 44S )

Oxydimercunammomum bromate,

(NHg,OHi)BrO8
(Rammelsberg, Pogg 65 82 )

- carbonate, (NHg2OH,)2CO3

Insol in H20 Decomp by HC1+ \qonly
when cone Not decomp by boiling KOH +
Aq Decomp by KI or K2S+Aq (Hirzel )

+H20 As above (Hirzel )

640

OXYMERCUBIAMMOJSnUM CHLORIDE

Oxy^mercuriainmonium chloride,

(NHg2OH2)Cl

Is dimercuriammomuin chloride, NHg2Cl+
H20, which see

oxyinmercunarnmonium chloride,

(NHg2OH2)Cl, (NHgs02H2)Cl (?)
Insol in H20 Easily sol in dil HCl+Aq
More difficultly sol in very dil H2S04 or
HNOs+Aq Insol in cone HoS04 Sol in
boiling NH4Cl+Aq, or (NH4)2S04+Aq De-
comp by KOH+Aq (Schmieder )

chromate, (NHg2OH2)2Cr04

Not decomp by KOH+Aq (Hirzel, J B
1862 421 )

mercuric chromate, (NHg2OH2)2CrO4,

4HgO, 3Cr03

Decomp by HN03 without gonig into solu
tion Easily sol in HC1 (Hirzel )

Composition is (NHg2OH2)2O, 2Cr03,
3[(NH4)20, 2Cr208] = (NHg2OH2)*Cr2O7,
3(NH4)2Cr207 (Hensgen, R t c 5 187 )

Probably (NHg2)2Cr207, 3(NH4)2Cr207+
2H20

fluoride, acid, (NHg2OH2)F, HF

(Fmkener, Pogg 110 632 )
Probably NHg2F, HF+H2O

hydroxide, (NHg OH2)OH=NHg2OH+

HO

(Millon's base ) SI sol in H20, especially
if warm Sol in 13,000 pts H20 at 17°, and
1700 pts at 80° Insol in alcohol or ether
(Gerresheim, A 195 373 )

+ H20 Insol in H20 or alcohol Sol in
traces in NH4OH+Aq Not decomp by cold
KOH+Aq, si decomp if hot (Millon )

ammonium icdate, (NHg2OH2)IOs,

2NH4I08
Insol in HoO (Millon, 4 ch (3) 18 410 )

iodide, (NHg2OH2)I

Sol in warm HCl+Aq Not decomp by
boiling KOH+Aq Sol in warm KI+Aq
(Rammelsberg, Pogg 48 170 )

Correct formula is NHg2T+H2O (Ram
melsberg )

nitrate, (NHg2OH2)N03

Insol in H20, not decomp by boiling
KOH+Aq Sol in cold HCl+Aq from
which it is precipitated by H20 SI sol
without decomp in HN08 or H2S04+Aq
Easily sol m NH4OH+Aq (Soubeiran )

Is cfomercuriammomum nitrate, NHg2NO3
(Pesci, Gazz ch it 20 485 )

ammonium nitrate, NHg2OH2)N03,

2NH4N03+H20

Decomp by H2O Kane, A ch 72 242 )
Is (famercuriammonium ammonium nitrate,

NHg2NO3, 2NH4N03 +2H20 (Pesci )

Oxy^mercunammoruum oxide,

(NHg,OH2)20
Insol in H20 or alcohol, not attacked )y
boihngconc KOH+Aq Sol inhotNHJ 38
+ Aq, NH4C1 + Aq, (NH4)2S04 + q,
NH4C2H302+Aq, (NH4)2C204+Aq (I J-
lon, A ch (3) 18 397 )

— mercuric phosphate, Hg(NHg2OH2)I >4

Insol in H20 Slowly sol m hot HNC +

Aq, not decomp by boiling with KOH+ q,

but by KI or K2S+Aq Sol in HC1+A< or

much hot (NH4)2HP04+Aq (Hirzel )

- mercuric sulphite, (NHg2OH2)2SOs
HgS03

Insol m H20 Sol in much (NH4)2SC +
Aq Sol in HCl+Aq with decomposit n
Insol m boiling KOH+Aq (Hirzel)

- sulphate, (NHg2OH2)2SO4

Sol in traces in H20 Easily sol in HC Dr
HN03+Aq (Kane )

Insol mHN03+Aq (Hirzel)

Slowly sol in boiling cone H2SO4 (] r-
zel)

Insol in cone , easily sol in dil H2SC •{-
Aq (Schmieder. J pr 75 147 )

Moderately sol in much (NH4)2S04 or h 1-
ing NH4Cl+Aq Not decomp by boi tg
KOH+Aq (Hirzel )

Easily decomp by boiling with dil KOI f
Aq (Schmieder )

Does not exist (Pesci )

2NH3, 2HgO, SOa

See Dzmercunammonium sulphate

Oxyinmercunammonium chloride,

(NHg302H2)Cl (?)
Insol in H20

- nitrate,

Sol in cold HCl+Aq, from \vhuh it is \
cipitatedbyNH4OH+Aq hoi in NH4OI
Aq without decomp Not dc comn by H2*
or warm KOH+Aq (Pig( nst( ( lit r )

Does not txist (PcbOi, Gaz/ (h it
485)

Oxy/nmercuridiammonium sulphate,

2NH3, 3Hg(), SO3
See Tnmercunammomum sulphate

Oxy/nmercunoxydtmercuriarnmomun
sulphate,

Completely sol in NH4Cl+Aq, >r
(NH4)2S04+Aq Sol m dil or cone HC f-
Aq, and very dil H2S04+Aq Insol mHI* )a
+Aq or cone H2S04 (Schmiedei )

Does not exist (Pesci )

OZONE

641

Oxyfeframercunaromonium mercuric
nitrate (?), 2(NHg402)N08, HgN03 (?)

Completely msol in HN03-f-Aq Sol in
warm HCl+Aq Slowly decomp by boiling
KOH+Aq Gradually sol in hot cone
NH4N08+Aq (Hirzel )

Does not exist (Pesci, Gazz ch it
485)

Ox^mtrosulphonic anhydride,

Sol in H2O with decomp (Weber, Pogg
12% 339)

OxyoSmiumanune hydroxide (Osmo-

sylcfoanune hydroxide),

OsO(NH3OH)2

Insol in H20 SI sol in acids Sol in

KOH+ 4q When moist, sol in NH4OH-f-

Aq

Oxyosmium^amine chlonde (Osmyltetr-

amine chloride), Os02(N2H6Cl)2
SI sol m cold, more easily in hot H2O
Insol m NH4CH-Aq (Gibbs, Am Ch J
3 233)

chloroplatinate, Os02(N2HoCl)2, PtCl4

SI sol mHO (Gibbs)

hydroxide, Os02(N H6OH)2

Known only in solution

— nitrate, Os02(N2H0N03)2

sulphate,

(Gibbs, Am Ch J 3 233 )

Oxyphosphuretted hydrogen (?),

P4H(OH)

P4O of I evcirid, and Goldbchmidt has this
formula according to Iranke (J pr (2) 35
341) D(comp slowly by H2O or alkalies
Forms pot issium bait, P4H(OK), sol m H2O

hydroiodide, P4H(()H), HI

Decomp it 80°

$66gmoxyplatisulphuric acid, Pt20s,

Sol in H2O (Blondd, A ch 1905, (S) 6
113)

Barium 6>es<mtoxyplatisulphate,
S04Ba+8H20

3, 3SO3,

Very sol in H20 (Blondel )

Potassium sesgmoxyplatisulphate, Pt203,

3SO3, S04K2+2H20
(Blondel )

Sodmm sesomoxyplafcstilphate, Pt203, 3SO8,

S04Na2+8H20
Very sol in H2O (Blondel )

Oxysulphantunomc acid
See Sulphoxyantimonic acjd

Oxysulpharsemc acid
See Sulphoxyarsemc acid

Oxysulphazotic acid,

(S08H)3 = N - NO-SO8H
Known only in its salts (Claus, A 168
52, 194 )

Has formula (SO8H)2N
(Raschig, A 241 161)

Potassium oxysulphazotate, NO(S08K)2
Insol m alcohol (Fremy, A ch (3) 15

451)
According to Raschig the formula is

Very sol in water, with rapid decomposi-
tion (Raschig )

See also Peroxylanunesulphonate, potas-
sium

Oxysulphotungstic acid

See SulphotungstLC acid

Oxysulphovanadic acid

See Sulphoxyvanadic acid

Ozone, 03

Not appreciably sol in H2O (Sc honbein )

Imparts its taste and propeitics to H2O
Williamson )

Later, Carms (B 5 520) found that 1000
vols H20 at 1-2 5° absorb 5 11 vols O3 (red
to 0° and 760 mm ) He also still lit< r (A
L74 1) found, by conducting the gis foi 9-12
hours through H,O, that 1000 vols, H2O
absorb a maximum of 28 !(>() vols O3 1 ho
ozonized oxygen used contained 3 44 voJs O3
n 100 vols 02 Smct gases iiic abboibfd in
piopoition to then partial pitssurc, whicli is
very small for tho ()a, the imount of absoip-
;ion of water for the gas is v( ry ( onsidc i ibl(

iius calculated the coefficient of absoiption
at +1° to be 0834

Ozone is not at all absorbed by H^O, the

2O through which ozone had been passed
gave no reactions for ozone (Rammclsberg,
B 6 603)

Schone (B 6 1224) corroboiates Canus,
and finds 8 81 vols to 1000 vols H2O as a
maximum amount absorbed

Sol in H2O (Leeds, B 12 1831 )

642

PALLADAMINE CHLORIDE

H20 takes up 2/s of its vol of O3 at 0° and
760 mm pressure and % of its vol at 12°,
or about 15 times that of oxygen at the same
pressure and temp (Mailfert, C R, 1894,
119 951)

Solubility in H20 at t°

Temp

Wt Oa dis
solved in 1 1
H20

Wt Osin
gaseous TPT*
ture above
the solution

Coefficient
of solubility
of Os

0
6
11 8
13
15
19
27
32
40
47
55
60

39 4 mgr
34 3
29 9
28
25 9
21
13 9
7 7
4 2
2 4
0 6
0 0

61 5 mgr
61
59 6
58 1
56 8
55 2
51 4
39 5
37 6
31 2
19 2
12 3

0 641
0 562
0 500
0 482
0 456
0 381
0 270
0 195
0 112
0 077
0 031
0 000

( Mailfert, C R 1894, 119 952 )
Solubility of ozone in acidulated H20

Temp

Coefficient
of solubility
of ozone

Composition of solution

30°
33
42 7
49
57

0 240
0 224
0 174
0 156
0 096

111 H20+07cc H2S04

11 H20+09cc
11 " +03cc

(Mailfert )

0 00002 pt by weight is sol in 1 pt by
weight H2O at ordinary temp and pressure
Ladenburg, B 1898, 31 2510 )

The solution of 03 in H20 cannot be
brought into equilibrium, because when the
gas is blown through the liquid, a portion is
continually decomposed, although the con
centration remains constant (Inghs, Chem
Soc 1903, 83 1012 )

About 10 mg ozone are sol mil H20 at
+2°, 1 5 mg ozone are sol at +28° (Mou-
fang, C C 1911, II 1674 )

Solubility m 0 1-N H2S04

C solution C gas=0 23 at 20°, 0 44 at 0°
(Luther, Z Elektrochem 1905, 11 833 )

The absorption coefficient of the g-is m
0 1 N H SO4 solution is 0 487 (Rothmund,
C C 1912 I, 1261 )

Sol m H2C2O4+Aq (Jeremm, B 11 988 )

Completely absorbed by oil of turpentine
and oil of cinnamon (Soret,A ch (4)17 113)

J^palladamine chloride, Cl2Pd2(NH8)4Cl4=

l— Pd

NHaCl
Or-frd<gg|g

SI sol m H20 (Deville and Debray, C B,
86 296 )

Palladium, Pd

Not attacked by H20 SI attacked
EC-f-Aq, but Pd sponge or filings are eas
dissolved in warm HCl+Aq, with access
air HNOs+^q of 1 2 sp gr dissolves
slightly, but it is easily sol in HN03 +Aq
135sp gr (Rose)

Easily sol in aqua regia SI sol in cor
but msol in dil HI+Aq Sol in cone b<
ing H2S04 Sol in boiling FeCl8+Aq S
in HBr+Aq with a little HN08

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch
1898, 20 828

Palladium, ^mint^i\rm compounds

See—

.Dipalladamme comps , Cl2Pd2(NH3)4Cl4
Pallado^amine " Pd(NH3)4Cl2
Palladosamme " Pd(NH3)2Cl2

Palladium dibrorru.de
Not known in pure state

Palladium bromide with MBr
See Bromopalladite, M

Palladium tetrdbromide with MBr
See Bromopalladate, M

Palladous phosphorus bromide, Pd2P2Br10
Properties as the corresponding chlorj
(Strecker, B 190Q, 42 1776)

Palladium swfechlonde, Pd2Cl2

Deliquescent Decomp by H2O, NH
KI, or NH4OH+Aq Kane )

Sol in acetone Natimann, B 1004,
4328)

1899,
B 19

Palladium ^chloride,

Slowly but completely sol in H2O

+2H2O Not deliquescent when pi
Slowly sol m H O Much rnon wol in I
containing HC1

Sol in acetoru (Eidmann, C C
1014)

Sol in ethyl aoet itc Naurn inn
37 3601 )

Palladium ^chloride with MCI
See Chloropalladite, M

Palladium ^rachloride with MCI
See Chloropalladate, M

Palladous phosphorus chloride, IMC h, P(
Decomp by H2O into deliquesce nt P(0

PdCl2 Decomp by alcohol (lunk, C

115 176)
Decomp byH2O Sol m CHC13 and C

Insol in ligrom and CC14 (Strecker, B 1

42 1775)

PdCl2, 2PC13 Sol m C6H6, and decc

by H20 (Fmk )

PALLADOAMINE CHLORIDE

643

Palladous chlonde carbon raowoxide, fMCl2,
2OC)

Decomp by heat (Fink, C R 1898, 126
648)

2PdCl2, SCO Decomp by H20 Sol in
CC14 (Jink)

Palladium dzfluoride, PdF2

SI sol m H20 or HF-f-Aq SI sol while
moist, in NH4OH+Aq, msol after drying,
m NH4OH+Aq Insol in boilmg NaF or
NaHF2H-Aq (Berzelms )

Palladium hydride, Pd2H (?)

Palladous hydroxide, PdO, zH2O (?)

Easily sol in acids or excess of alkali

hydrates, and carbonates +Aq Sol m hot

NH4Cl+Aq (Rose )

Insol in Na2B407, and Na2HP04+Aq

(Claus )

Palladia hydroxide, Pd02, zH20

Slowly sol m acids Sol in cone HCl-f-
Aq without decomp With dil HCl+Aq, C12
is evolved (Berzelms )

Palladous hydroxide hydroxylamine,

Pd(NH30)4(OH)2

SI sol in H20 Sol in dil HC1 and in dil
H2S04 (Zeisel, A 1907,351 445)

Palladous iodide, PdI2

Insol m H20 Can be detected as a brown
coloration in presence of 400,000 pts H20
(Lassaigne )

SI sol mHI-f-Aq Easily sol in KI+Aq
(Lassaigne, J oh med 11 57 )

Insol in dil HCl-f Aq, but slightly sol m
saline solutions ( L re benius )

SI sol m hot cone HNO3H-Aq Sol in
H2S08+Aq, Clj+Aq, Br2-f Aq, I +Aq, and
CN+Aq, also in HCN, and MCN +Aq
Insol in dil H2b04, HC1, H3PO4, HN03, 01
HC2H3O2-f Vq, 01 m the K, Na, or NH4 salts
of those Kids Lnsol m CuCl2, ZnCl2, or
Pb(C H3O2)2+Aq Insol m KBr-fAq ex-
cept in piesence of i fu ( rnmeial acid, but not
HC2H/) Insol m sugar 01 staieh+Aq,
uric acid, alcohol, cthci, or oil of lomon
Somewhat sol m urine li< isily sol mNH4OH
H- Aq, cvc n whc n dil with evolution of heat
and decomposition (Kcrsten, A 87 28)

Insol m ilc ohol or c thei

Sol in methyl icctate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)

Palladous potassium iodide
See lodopalladite, potassium

Palladium 6w6oxide, Pd20

Decomp bv acids into palladious salt and
Pd (Kane, Phil Trans 1842, 1 276 )

Insol m acids, even boiling aqua regia
(Willm B 25 220)

Palladous oxide, PdO

Slowly sol m acids by boiling (Wohler,
A 174 160)

Palladia oxide, Pd02
Very si attacked by acids

Palladopalladic oxide, 4PdO, PdO2

Not attacked by aqua regia (Schneider,
Pogg 141 528)

Palladous oxychlonde, 3PdO; PdCl2-f

4H20(?)
Sol in dil acids (Kane )

Palladous oxychlonde ammonia, PdO, PdCl2,

Ppt

Sol mHCl+Aq
3PdO, PdCl2, 2NH3-h3H2O
(Kane )

Palladium selemde, PdSe

Insol in HN03 and aqua regia (Rossler,
A 180 240)

Palladium sub sulphide, Pd2S

Not attacked by acids except aqua regia,
which attacks slightlv (Schneider, Pogg
141 530)

Palladium raonosulphide, PdS

Insol in H20 or (NH4)2S-f Aq Sol in
HCl+Aq Pptd in presence of 10,000 pts
H20 (Fellenberg, Pogg 50 65 )

Sol in potassium thiocarbonate-f Aq (Ro-
senbladt, Z anal 26 15 )

A sol colloidal form was obtained in veiv
dilute solution (Wmnsmgei, Bull Soc (2)
49 452)

Does not exist (Kntschenko, Z anorg 4
247)

Palladium ^sulphide, PdS2

HNOS dissolves out part of the S L isiiy
sol in iqua ugii without sopai ition of S
(fcxhmidu )

Palladium sulphide with M S
Sec Sulphopalladate, M

Palladodiamine bromide, Pd(N2H6Bi)2
Easily sol in H20

- bromopaUadite, Pd(N2H0Bi)2, PdBr2

Properties as the corresponding chloropal-
ladite

— carbonate
Sol in H2O

• chloride, Pd(N2H6Cl)2

Easily sol in H20

644

PALLADOAMINE CHLOROPALLADITE

Pallado&amine chloropalladite, Pd(N2H6Cl)2,
PdCl2

" Vauquelm's red salt " Insol in cold H20
(Fischer )

Sol in boiling H2O with decomp Sol in
HC1 or HNOs+Aq

• fluoride

Easily sol in H20 (Muller)

fluosilicate

SI sol in cold easily in warm H2O Insol
i alcohol

hydroxide, Pd(N2H6OH)2
>1 mH20

iodide, Pd(N2H6I)2
>1 in H20

nitrate, Pd(N H6NO3)2
asily sol in H20, HNOS, or NH4OH+Aq
Insol in alcohol

• palladous mtnte, Pd(N2H8N02)23

Pd(N02)
Easily sol in H2O

- sulphate, Pd(N2H6)2S04+H20

Easily sol in H2O Insol in alcohol

- sulphite, Pd(N2H6)2S03
SI sol in H20

Palladochloromtrous acid

Potassium palladochloronitnte,

Pd(N02)2Cl2K2

Sol in 2 pts hot, and 3 pts cold H20
(Vezes, C R 115 111 )

Palladocyanhydnc acid

Ammonium palladocyamde,

(NH4)2Pd(CN)4 (?)
Sol in hot H20 (Bossier, Z ch 1866 175 )

Banum - , BaPd(CN)4-f-42
Not efflorescent Sol in H20

Calcium - , CaPd(CN)4-HH O
Sol in H 0

Cupnc , CuPd(CN)4

Ppt

Lead , PbPd(CN)4

Ppt

Magnesium , MgPd(CN)4

Very sol m H/)

Magnesium platinocyamde, MgPdCC )4.

MgPt(CN)4+14H20
Extremely sol in H20

Potassium , K2Pd(CN)4+3H20

Efflorescent Sol in H20
+H20 Not efflorescent

Silver , Ag2Pd(CN)4

Ppt

Sodium , Na2Pd(CN)4

Not efflorescent Sol in H20
+H20

Palladoiodomtrous acid

Potassium palladoiodomtnte.
Pd(N02)2I2K2+3H20

Effloresces m the au-

Decomp by H2O and dil acids (Ro n-
heun, Z anorg 1900, 23 28 )

Palladonitrous acid

Potassium palladomtnte, K2Pd(N02)4

2H2O

Efflorescent, sol in H20 (Lang, J pr 13
415)

Silver palladomtnte, Ag2Pd(N02)4
Easily sol m hot H20 (Lang )

Sodium , Na2Pd(N02)4

(Fischer )

Palladosamine bromide, Pd(NH3Br)2

Insol in cold, *l sol m hot H2O E i]y

sol in HC2H3O2, H2SO3, KOH, NH4OH or

alkali carbonates -|-Aq (Mullcr, \ 86 I )

carbonate, Pd(NH3),CO3

Moderately t,ol m H20

chloride, Pd(NH8Cl)2

Insol m H O but very gradually defe ip
by boiling therewith

Sol in warm HC1 01 HNOs+Aq So m
cold NH4OH+4q Sol m KOH+Aq v h-
out evolution of NH3

+2H2O Ffflorcsc(nt Insol m I 0
(Baubigny, 4 Suppl 4 253 )

cyanide, Pd(NH3CN)2

Sol mNH4OH+Aq

fluoride

Known only in solution

hydroxide, Pd(NH3OH)2

Easily sol m H20 Slowly decomp by
boiling with H20 (Muller, A 86, 341 )

PERBORATE, AMMONIUM

645

Palladosamine iodide, Pd(NH8I)2

Insol in H20 Sol in boiling HNO3 with
evolution of I2 (Fehlmg, A 39 106 )

• nitrate

Known only in solution, which decomp on
evaporation

nitrite, Pd(NH3N02)2

Moderately sol in H2O (Lang )

palladous nitrite, Pd(NH8NO2)2,

Pd(N02)2

Slowly sol m cold, easily in hot H20
(Lang )

sulphate, Pd(NH3)2S04

Moderately sol in H20 (Muller)

sulphite, Pd(NH3)2SOs

Easily sol in H20 (Muller)

Pentamine chromium compounds
See—

Bromopurpureochrommm compounds
Chloropurpureochromium compounds
lodopurpureochromium compounds
Xanthochromium compounds
Roseochromium compounds

Pentamine cobaltic compottnds

See—

Bromopurpureocobaltic compounds,
Chloropurpureocobaltic compounds
Nitratopurpureocobaltic compounds
Nitntocobaltic compounds,
Purpureocobaltic compounds
Roseocobaltic compounds
Sulphatopurpureocobaltic compounds
Xanthocobaltic compounds

Pentamine cfocobalfcc sulphite
See Roseocobaltic cobaltic sulphite

Pentamine indium compounds

See Indopfv^amme, and Iridoaquoper^-
amine compounds

Pentamine rhodium compounds
See—

Bromopurpureorhodium compounds
Chloropurpureorhodium compounds
lodopurpureorhodium compounds
Nitratopurpureorhodmm compounds
Roseorhodium compounds
Xanthorhodium compounds

Pentathiomc acid, H2S608
Known only in aqueous solution
Cone solution is decomp by boiling, but

made stable by addition of acids

Sp gr of aqueous solution of pentathionic
acid at 22°

Sp gr 1 233 1 320 1 474 1 506

%H2S606 32 1 41 7 56 59 7

(Kessler, Pogg 74 279 )

Does not exist (Spring. Bull Acad roy
Belg)

Existence proven by Smith (Chem Soc
43 355)

Barium pentathionate, BaS6O6-h2HoO
Easily sol in H2O Aqueous solution is

precipitated by alcohol
Contains 3H2O (Lewes, C N 43 41 )

Barium pentathionate tetrathionate,

BaS406+6N20
Easily sol m H2O Not precipitated from
aqueous solution by two vols alcohol (Lud-
wig, Arch Pharm (2) 61 264 )

Cupnc pentathionate, CuS6O6-f-4H20

Easily sol in H20 (Debus, Chem Soc
63 360)

Lead pentathionate, PbS5O6+4H20
Ppt

Potassium pentathionate, K2S5O6
Sol m H2O (Rammelsberg, J B 1867

136)
Solution decomposes very quickly when

neutral, but is more stable in presence of salts

or acids

Sol in about 2 pts H2O
Insol m alcohol (Debus, Chem Soc 53

295)

+H2O (Shaw, Chem Soc 43 351 )
+ 1HH2O (Debus, A 244 76)
+2H2O (Lewes, C 1\ 43 41 )

Per arsenic acid

Sodium perarsenate,

(Alvarez, C N 1906, 94 270)

Perbonc acid

Ammonium perborate, NH^BO*

(Constam and Benm tr, Z anorg 1900,25

Stable mdtyair 100 pt& HO

at 17 5° dissolve 1 55 g anhydrous s lit
Decomp in aqueous solution at ord temp
Decomp by dil and cone H SO4 ind b>

HC1 (Mehkoff, B 1898, 31 953 )

+H2O (Bruhat, C R 1905, 140 50S )
Much more sol in B^O than the Na silt

(Tanatar. Z phys Ch 1898, 26 133 )
+3H2O (Mehkoff, B 1898, 31 954 )
NH4BO3, NH4BO44-H2O (Petienko, C

C 1902,1 1192)

646

PERBORATE, BARIUM

Barium perborate, Ba(B08)2+7H20

Difficultly sol in H20 ( Melikoff, B 1898,
31 954)

Csesmm perborate, CsB08+H"20

As NH4 salt (Christensen )

Calcium perborate

SI sol in H20 Decomp in water much
more rapidly than the Ba salt (Melikoff,
B 1898, 31 954)

Copper perborate

Very unstable Insol m H20 (Melikoff,
B 1898, 31 954 )

Nickel perborate
Very unstable Insol m H20 (Melikoff )

Potassium perborate, 2KBO8+H20

1 25 pts are sol in 100 pts H20 at 0°, 2 5

pts , at 15°

Insol m alcohol and ether (Girsewald,

B 1909, 42 867 )

Potassium perborate hydrogen peroxide,

2KB03, H202

070 pt is sol in 100 pts H20 at 15°
(Girsewald, B 1909, 42 868 )

Potassium perforate, KB20 -f 2H2O
Ppt (Bruhat, C R 1905, 140 508 )

Rubidium perborate,

As Na salt (Chnstensen )

Sodium perborate, Na2B4Os+10H2O

100 g H20 dissolve 4 2 g at 11°, 7 1 g it
22°, 138 g at 32° (Jaubert C R 1904,
134 796)

+4H20 Slowly decomp in cold solution,
rapidly when boiled (Tanatar. Z phys Ch
1898, 26 132 )

Sol in H20 100 g H20 dissolve 1 17 g
Aq solution decomp on warming (Melikoff.
B 1898, 31 679 )

100 g H20 dissolve 2 55 g at 15°, 2 60 g
at 21°, 2 85 g at 26°, 3 78 g at 32° (Jaubert
and Lion, Rev g6n Chim 1905, (7) 8 163 )

ITranyl perborate, UBO4

(Bruhat, C R 1905, 140 SOS )

Perbromic acid, HBr04

Known only m aqueous solution, which can
be concentrated to a thick liquid on water
bath Not decomp by HC1, SO,, or H2S
(Kammerer, J pr 86 452, 90 190 )

Does not exist (Mmr, C N 33 256,
Maclvor, C N 33 35 )

Barium perbromate, Ba(Br04)2

Very si sol in boiling H20 (Kammerer,
J pr 90 190)

Does not exist (Wolfram, A 198 95 )

Potassium perbromate, KBr04

Less sol in H20 than KBr03, but more sol
than KC104 (Kammerer, J pr 90 190 ;

Does not exist (Wolfram, A 198 95 )

Silver perbromate, AgBr04

SI sol in cold, more abundantly m hot H20
(Kammerer, J pr 90 190 )
Does not exist (Wolfram, A 198 95 )

Perbromopktmocyarjhydric acid,

H2Pt(CN)4Br2+zH20
Deliquescent Easily sol in H20, alcohol,
and ether (Hoist, Bull Soc (2) 22 347 )

Aluminum perbromoplatinocyamde,

AlJPt (ON) 4Br2]8 +22H20
Deliquescent Very sol in H20

Ammonium —
Sol m H20

-, (NH4)2Pt(CN)4Bi2

Barium , BaPt(CN)4Br2+5H20

Very sol m H2O or alcohol

Cadmium •

Very sol m H2O

-, CdPt(CN)4Br2+:rH20

Calcium -

-, CaPt(CN)4Br2+7H O

Sol in H20

Cobaltous , CoPt(CN)4Bi + 5H 0

Sol m H 0 SI sol in alcohol

Glucinum , GlPt(CN)4Bi

Deliquescent Sol in H2O

Ferrous — —

Very si bol in 1I2O

Lead—, PbPt(CN)4Bi +211 ()
SI bol in II ()

Lithium , Ii2Pt(CN)<Bi

Dehqiubccnt Sol m 1I2O

Magnesium •, MgPt(GN)4Bi2H

Sol mH20

Nickel , NiPt(CN)4Bi + rH ()

SI sol mHjO Sol mNJl,()H+Aq

Potassium , K2Pt(CN)4Br2

Sol m H20

+2H2O Efflorescent

PERCHLORIC ACID

£47

Silver perbromoplatinocyamde,

Ag2PtBr3(CN)4
Ppt (Miolati, Gazz ch it 1900, 30 588 )

Sodium , Na2Pt(C^)4Br2

Deliquescent Sol in H20

Strontium , SrPtfCN)4Br2+7H20

Sol in H20

Zinc , ZnPt(CN)4Br2+5B20

Not very sol in H20

.percarDomc acid.

Sp gr

nSo*

Sp gr

Hgj

Sp gr

Hg

Ammonium percarbonate, (NH4)2C04+

2H20

1 005

1 00

1 235

33 29

1 465

5450

Sol ui H20 with evolution of NH3 Insol
m alcohol and ether (Kasanezky. C C
1902, I 1263 )

1 010
1 015
1 020

1 90
2 77
3 61

1 240
1 245
1 250

33 85
34 40
34 95

1 470
1 475
1 480

54 89
55 18
55 56

1 025

4 43

1 255

35 49

1 485

55 95

Barium percarbonate, BaC04

1 030
1 035

5 25
6 07

1 260
1 265

36 03
36 56

1 490
1 495

56 32
56 69

Insol m H20 (Merck, C C 1906, II

1 040

6 88

I 270

37 08

1 500

57 06

1743)

1 045

9 68

1 275

37 60

1 505

57 44

Decomp slowly m the air Not rapidly

1 050

8 48

1 380

38 10

1 510

57 81

decomp by H20 Rapidly decomp by acids
(Wolffenstem, B 1908, 41 280 )

1 055
1 060

9 28
10 06

1 285
1 290

38 60
39 10

1 515
1 520

58 17
58 54

1 065

10 83

1 295

39 60

1 525

58 91

Potassium percarbonate, K2C04

Sol in H20 with decomp SI sol in al-
cohol (v Hansen, Z Elektrochem 1897, 3
448 )

1 070
1 075
1 080
1 085

11 58
12 33
13 08
13 83

1 300
1 305
1 310
1 315

40 10
40 59
41 08
41 56

1 530
1 535
1 540
1 545

5928
59 66
60 04
60 41

K2C2O6 Sol in H20 at 0° with only slight
decomp but is decomp at ord temp SI
sol in alcohol (Treadwell, Ch Z 1901, 25
100& "1

1 090
1 095
1 100
1 105

14 56
15 28
16 00
16 72

1 320
1 325
1 330
1 335

42 03
42 49

42 97
43 43

1 550
1 555
1 560
1 565

6078
61 15
61 52
61,89

1UUO )

1 110

17 45

1 340

43 89

1 570

62 26

1 115

18 16

1 345

44 35

1 575

62 63

Rubidium percarbonate, Rb2C04, 2H202+

1 120

18 88

1 350

44 81

1 580

63 00

H2O

1 125

19 57

1 355

45 26

1 585

63 37

Hydroscopic, decomp by H20, pptd by

1 130

20 26

1 360

45 71

1 590

63 74

alcohol

1 135

20 95

1 365

46 16

1 595

64 12

Rb2CO4, H () +2H 0 Hydroscopic, de-

1 140

21 64

1 370

46 61

1 600

64 50

comp by 1I2O, pptd by alcohol

1 145

22 32

1 375

47 05

1 605

64 88

RbC()4+2>^H<jO Hydroscopic, decomp

1 150

22 99

1 380

47 49

1 610

65 26

by H (), pptd bv alcohol (Peltner, B 1909,

1 155

23 65

1 385

47 93

1 615

65 63

42 1782 )

1 160

24 30

1 390

48 37

1 620

66 01

Rb C/)r V( ry deliquescent (Constam

1 165

24 94

1 395

48 80

1 625

66 39

ind H inscn, / Moktrochem 1897,3 144)

1 170

25 57

1 400

49 23

1 630

66 76

1 175

26 20

1 405

49 68

1 635

67 13

Sodium percarbonate, Ni2CO4+lJ^H20
Sol m H O with gradual decomp (Tana-

1 180
1 185
1 190

26 82
27 44
28 05

1 410
1 415
1 420

50 10
50 51
50 91

1 640
1 645
1 650

67 51
67 89
68 26

tar, B 189(), 32 1544 )

1 195

28 66

1 425

51 31

1 655

68 64

1 200

29 26

1 430

51 71

1 660

69 02

Sodium hydrogen percarbonate, 4Na2CO4,

1 205

29 86

1 435

52 11

1 655

69 40

HjCOs

1 210

30 45

1 440

52 51

1 670

69 77

Ppt (Merck, Chem Soc 1908, 94 (2)

1 215

31 04

1 445

52 91

1 675

70 15

180)

1 220

31 61

1 450

53 31

1 225

32 18

1 455

53 71

Perchloric acid, HC104

1 230

32 74

1 460

54 11

Combines with H20 with a hissing sound

and evolution of much heat

(Emster, Z anorg 1907, 52 278 )

Solution in H20 is very stable

When dil HG104+Aq is distilled, H2O and
HC104 distil off until a temp of 203° is
reached, when an acid of constant composi-
tion containing 71 6-72 2% HC104 ( =HCIO4
+2H20) is obtained Forms hydrate HC1O4
+E20, which is deliquescent, and dissolves
in H20 with evolution of much heat HC1O4
is very unstable, HC104-f-H20 more stable,
and HC104+2H20 is very stable (Roscoe,
A 121 346)

Sp gr of HC104+Aq at 15°/4°

PERCHLORATES

Sp gr ofHC104+Aq

o HG104

Sp gr
at 15°/4°

Sp gr
at 30°/4

atP5($40

11 14
35 63
55 63
69 81

1 0670
1 2569
1 4807
1 6708

1 2451
1 4637

1 0507
1 2292
1 4421
1 6284

(Emster, Z anorg 1907, 62 279 )
Sp gr ofHClO4+Aq

Sp gr

corrected

uncorrected

% DV Wt

HCIO4 m

the liquid

20°

50°

20°

50°

7676

1 7098

1 7716

1 7312

100

7817

1 7259

1 7858

1 7475

98 62

8059

1 7531

1 8100

1 7751

94 67

1 7690

1 7912

90 80

1 7756

1 7979

84 81

1 7619

1 7840

81 07

7386

1 7023

1 7425

1 7237

75 59

6471

1 6110

1 6508

1 6311

68 42

5353

1 5007

1 5386

1 5194

60 38

4078

1 3779

1 4108

1 3949

50 51

2901

1 2649

1 2927

1 2804

39 73

1778

1 1574

1 1800

1 1715

27 07

(v Wyk, Z anorg 1905, 48 45 )
pt of HC104+Aq at atmospheric pressure

5 by wt HCIO*
in the liquid

%bywt HC1O4
in the vapor

Initial bpt

72 4

72 4

203°

70 06

40 11

198 7

65 2

6 06

181 2

61 2

0 9

162 3

56 65

148 0

50 67

132 4

38 90

114 8

24 23

105 8

0 0

0 0

100

(v Wyk, Z anorg 1905, 48 33 )
pt of HC104+4q at 18 mm pressure

70 by wt HCIO4 in the
liquid

Bpt

100
94 8
92 0
84 8
79 8
70 5

16 0°
24 8
35
70
92
107

(v Wyk, Z anorg 1905, 48 36 )

-|-H20 Deliquescent (Roscoe, A 121

6)

+2H2O HC1O4+2H2O has 1 65 sp gr

and boils at 200° (Serullas), has 172-182
sp gr and boils at 200° (Nativelle, J pr 26
405)
Sol in alcohol with decomp , often explo-

sive

(v Wyck)
(v Wyck)

+3JBUO (v Wyck;
+3J£H20 (v Wyck)

Perchlorates

All perchlorates are sol in H20, KC104,
RbC104, and CsClO4 somewhat difficultly
They are all deliquescent, and sol in alcohol,
excepting NH4C104, KCIO*, Pb(ClO4)2, and
Hg2(ClO4)2 (Serullas, A ch (2) 46 296 )

Aluminum perchlorate, A1(C104)3+6H20

Very deliquescent (Weinland, Z anorg
1913, 84 370 )

Aluminum sodium perchlorate, AlNa(C104)4
+12H2O

SI hygroscopic (Weinland, Z anorg 1913.
84 370)

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4328)

Ammonium perchlorate, NH4C1O4

Permanent Sol in 5 pts H20, somewhat
sol in alcohol (Mitscherlich, Pogg 25 300 )

Solubility of NH4C104 in H20 at t°

t°

G per I solution

Sp gr

0
20
40
60
80
100
107

115 63
208 45
305 77
390 50
481 86
570 06
591 15

1 059
1 09S
1 128
1 158
1 193
1 216
1 221

(Carlson, Festsk Stockholm 1911 262 )

100 g H20 dissolve 18 5 g NH4C1O4
(Hofmann, Hobald and Quoos, A 1912, 386
304)

100 g sat solution m H2O contain 1 735
(1735?) g NH4C1O4 at 142° (Thin and
Gumming, Chem Soc 1915, 107 361 )

Insol m cone HC104-|-Aq

100 g sat solution in 98 8% ethyl alcohol
contain 1 96 g NH4C104 at 252° (Thin
and Gumming )

Sol in acetone Eidmann, C C 1899, II
1014)

Barium perchlorate, Ba(ClO4)2+4H2O

Deliquescent Easily sol m H20 and
alcohol

PERCHLORATE, HYDKAZINE

649

-4-3E2O Solubility of Ba(C104)2+3H20 m

Cobaltous perchlorate, Co(C104)2+9H2O

H20 at t°

Solubility m H20 at t°

t°

G per 100 g H20

Sp gr

G anhydrous salt

Sp gr of sat

0

206

1 782

t°

in 100 ccm

solution at t /4°

20
40

289
358

1 912
2 009

—30 7
^'21 3

83 14

OH *7

60
80
100
120
140

432
497
564
645

758

2 070
2 114
2 155
2 195
2 230

0
+ 75
18
26
45

100 13
101 92
103 80
113 45
115 10

1 5639
1 5658
1 5670
1 5811

1 5878

(Carlson, Festsk Stockholm, 1911 262 )

Bismuth perchlorate, (BiO)C104

Insol in H20 Easily sol m HC1 or HN08
-f-Aq, less easily in H2S04+Aq (Muir, C N
33 15)

Cadmium perchlorate, Cd(C104)2

Very deliquescent Sol m H20 and al-
cohol (Serullas, A ch 46 305 )

+4H20 (Salvador!, C C 1912, II 414 )

+6H20 (S )

Cadmium perchlorate ammonia, Cd(C104)2,

6NH3

Cd(C104)2, 4NH3 (Salvadori, C C 1912,
II 414)

Caesium perchlorate, CsCl04

Yery si sol m H2O (Retgers, Z phys Ch
8. 17)

Solubility m H20 100 g H20 dissolve at
8 5° 14° 33 7° 42° 50°
O 91 1 19 2 99 4 09 5 47 g CsClO4,

60° 70° 84° 99°
7 30 9 79 16 51 28 57 g CsC104
(Calzolaii, Ace So Med Ferrara, 1911, 85
150)

Solubility m H20 at t°

t

C pcrlOOt, H O

Sp fer

5
25

80

0 97
2 05
17 05

1 007
1 010
1 084

(Carlson, I cstsk Stockholm, 1911 262 )

Calcium perchlorate, Ca(ClO4)2

Very ddiqu( scent Very sol m H20 and
alcohol (bcrulidfa, A ch 46 304 )

Cerous perchlorate, Cc(C104)3-f8H20
Very deliquescent (John )

CHromic perchlorate, Cr(ClO4)3+'6H20

Very hygroscopic (Wemland, Z anorg

1913, 84 371 )

+9H20 Can be cryst from H2O (Wem-

land)

Golblum and Terhkowsky, Bull Soc 1912,
(4) 11 146 )

-f 6H20 (Salvadori, Gazz ch it 1912,
42 (1) 458 )

Cobalt perchlorate ammonia, Co(C104)2

6NH8

Co(C104)2, 5NH8
CofdOOi, 4NH3, and +2H2O
Co(C104)2, 3NHS, and +3H2O
Co(C104)2, 3NH3+2H O
(Salvadori, Gazz ch it 1912, 42 (1) 458 )

Cupnc perchlorate, basic, Cu(ClO4)2, Cu(OH)2
Ppt (Salvadori, C C 1912, II 414 )

Cupnc perchlorate, Cu (CIO 4)2

Deliquescent Sol in H2O and alcohol
(Serullas, A ch 46 306 )

-HH20 (Salvadori, C C 1912, II 414 )

Cupnc perchlorate ammonia, Cu(Cl04)2,

4NH3+2H20
Not deliquescent Sol m NH4OH+Aq

(Roscoe, A 121 346)
Cu(C104)2, NH3+H20
Cu(C104)2, 2CuO+2H2O, NH-,
Cu(C104)2, 2CuO+2H O, 2NHa
Cu(C104)2, Cu(OH)2+2H20, 6NH,
Cu(C104)2, Cu(OH)2+2H 0, 4NH,
(Salvadori, C C 1912, II 414 )

Didymium perchlorate,

Very deliquescent Veiy sol in H O ind
alcohol (Ckvc )

Erbium perchlorate, tr(ClO4)j+«H O
Very deliquescent

Glucinum perchlorate, G1(C1O4)2+4H2()

Very deliquest ent, and sol in H^O (Attci-
berg )

Hydrazuie perchlorate, (N/H4)(HC1O4) +

3H2O

1 1 of sat solution m H2O contains 417 2 g
at 18°, sp gr =1 264, 669 g at 35°, sp gr =
1 391 (Carlson, Festsk Stockholm, 1911
262)

650

PERCHLOBATE, INDIUM

Indium perchlorate, In(C104)3-{-8H2O

Deliquescent HsO solution decomp al
40° with separation of basic salt Sol in
H20 and easily forms sat solutions Sol in
abs alcohol, but much less sol m ether
(Mathers, J Am Chem Soc 1908, 30 212 )

Iodine perchlorate, I(C104)8-|-2H20

Decomp by H20 Indifferent toward or-
ganic solvents (Fichter, Z anorg 1915, 91
135)

Iron (ferrous) perchlorate, Fe (CIO*) 2

Tolerably permanent, sol in F20 (Serul-
las, A ch 46 335)

Iron (feme) perchlorate, Fe(C104)8
Sol in H20 (Serullas )

Iron (feme) sodium perchlorate,

[Fe(C104)4]Na+6H20
Hydroscopic Can be cryst from H20
(Wemland, Z anorg 1913, 84 366 )

Lanthanum perchlorate, La(C104)3-|-9H20

Extremely deliquescent Sol in H20 and
absolute alcohol (Cleve )

Lead perchlorate, basic, 2PbO, C12O7+

2H20

Decomp by H20 into an insol more basic
salt, and sol Pb(C104)2 (Marignac )

Lead perchlorate, Pb(C104)2+3H2O

Permanent, extremely easily sol m H20

(Roscoe, A 121 356 )
Sol in about 1 pt H20 (Serullas )

Lithium perchlorate, LiClO4

Deliquescent
(Serullas )

Sol m H2O and alcohol

-f 3H20 (Wyrouboff, Zeit Kryst 10 626 )

Magnesium perchlorate, Mg(C104)2
Dehquescent, and sol in HjO and alcohol

(Serullas )

-f6H2O (Wemland, Z anorg 1913, 84

372 )

Manganous perchlorate, Mn(C104)2

Very deliquescent Sol in H2O and al-
cohol (Serullas, A ch 46 335 )

+6H20 Sol in 0 342 pts H20 (Salvadon,
C C 1912, II 414 )

Manganous perchlorate ammonia, Mn(C104)2,
5NH3+H20

Sol in HC1 insol in HNO3 (Salvadon,
C C 1912, II 414 )

Mercurous perchlorate, (HgC104)2+4H2O
Very sol m H2O Gradually decomp by

H2O Decomp by alcohol (Chikashige*.
Chem Soc 1895, 67 1016 )

+6H20 Very deliquescent (Roscoe, A
121 356)

Permanent (Serullas )

Mercuric perchlorate, basic, HgO, 2Hg(C104)2

Anhydrous Ppt Insol m either HC1 or
HN05 Decomp and dissolved by a mixture
of the two (Chikashige*, Chem Soc 1905,
87 824)

+12H2O Verj sol mH20 (Chikasmge* )

2HgO, Hg(C104)2

a-salt Decomp by H20 Sol in acids
(Cmkashag<$, Chem Soc 1895, 67 1015 )

£salt Insol m H20, insol m HC1 or
HN03 (Chikashige*, Chem Soc 1905, 87
825)

Mercuric perchlorate, Hg(C104)2

Very deliquescent Sol in F20, si sol
with decomp in alcohol (Serullas, A ch
34 243)

+6H20 Very hygroscopic Very sol in
H20 Slowly decomp by H20, more easily
by alcohol (Chikashige*, Chem Soc 1895,
67 1014)

Mercuric perchlorate bromide, HgC104Br

Decomp by H20 (Borelh, Gazz ch it
1908, 38 (2) 421 )

Mercuric perchlorate cyanide, Hg(C104)2,

Hg(CN)2
Very sol m H20 Sol in alcohol (Borelh )

Mercuric perchlorate iodide, Hg(ClO4)I

Deliquescent Decomp by H2O Sol in
much alcohol Decomp by HNOS Com-
pletely sol m KI or KCN-f Aq (Borelli )

Mercuric perchlorate sulphocyamde,

Hg(C104)2, Hg(SCN)2
Insol m H2O and cone acids Sol in aqua
regia (Borelh )

+6H20 (Salvadori, C C 1912, II 414 )

Nickel perchlorate, Ni(ClO4)

Deliquescent easily bol in alcohol ind
H2O (Groth, Pogg 133 226 )

Solubility in II O it t°

t°

C «inh\ <lrous
salt in 100 f<m

hp ^r <>f the
sut solution

—30 7
—21 3
0
+7 5
18
26
45

89 98
92 4S
104 55
106 76
110 05
112 15
118 60

1 572()
1 5755
1 5760
1 5841
1 5936

(Golblum and Terhkowsky, Bull Soc 1912,
(4) 11 147 )

PERCHLORATE, POTASSIUM

651

+ 5H20 (Golblum and Terlikowsky )
_ +6H2O (Salvadori, C C 1912, II 414 )
-f 9H20 (Golblum and Terhkowsky )

Nickel perchlorate, ammonia, Ni(C104)2,

6NH8
Ppt (Salvador! )

Nitrosyl perchlorate, NO O C108+H20

Ppt , si hydroscopic, decomp by H20
(Hofmann, B 1909,42 2032)

Platinum perchlorate, Pt6C109+15H20

Insol in H20 (Prost, Bull Soc (2) 46
156)

Potassium perchlorate, KC104

Sol m 57 9 pts H2O at 21 3° (Longuimne A 121
123) in 65 pts H2O at 15 (Semites A ch (2) 46 297)
m 88 pts H2O at 10° in 55 pts H20 at 100° (Hutstem
J B 1851 331 )

Solubility in H2O

1 pt KC104 dissolves in 142 9 pts H20 at
6°, and solution has sp gr =1 0005, in 52 5
pts H20 at 25°, and solution has sp gr =
1 0123, in 15 5 pts H2O at 50°, and solution
has sp gr =1 0181, in 5 04 pts H20 at 100°,
and solution has sp gr =1 0660 (Muir, C
N 33 15)

1 1 H2O dissolves 78 07 milhmols KC104
at 10°, 1204 milhmols at 20°, 1799 milh-
mols at 30° (Noyes and Sammet, Z phys
Ch 1903, 43 538 )

1 1 H2O dissolves 0 1475 mol KC104 at
25° (Rothmund, Z phys Ch 1909, 69 539 x

Solubility m H20 at t°

ains 2 085 g KC104 at 25 2° (Thin and Cum-
mine, Chem Soc 1915, 107 361 )

KC104 is sol in 22 C pts E«O at ord temp ,

and 4 00 pts at 100°, m 29 6 pts NH4OHH-

Aq (cone ) at ord temp , m 30 4 pts NH4OH

-Aq (1 vol cone +3 vols H2O) at ord

emp , in 22 4 pts HN034-Aq (1 vol cone +

vols H20) at ord temp , and 5 00 pts at
00°, in 30 4 pts HCl+Aq (1 vol cone +
4 vols H20) at ord temp , 45 2 pts HC2H3O2
H-Aq (1 vol commercial acid+1 vol H2O)
at ord temp , in 24 4 pts NH^H^+Aq
dil HC2H302-fdil NH4OH+Aq) at ord
emp, and 600 pts at 100°, in 25 6 pts
NEUCl+Aq (1 pt NH4C14- 10 pts H20) at
ord temp . and 6 00 pts at 100°, in 16 0 pts
NH4N03+Aq (1 pt NEUNO.+IO pts H2O)
at ord tip , and 4 00 pts at 1 W?, m 25 6
pts NaC2H302+Aq (cone HC2H3O2-f
^a2C03+4 vols H20) at ord temp , and
7 00 pts at 100°, m 29 2 pts Cu(C2H362)2-f
Aq (Stolba, Z anal 2 390) at ord temp ,
and 7 00 pts at 100°, m 27 2 pts cane sugar
(1 pt +10 pts H20) at ord temp , in 36 8
pts grape sugar (1 pt +10 pts H2O) at ord
;emp (Approximate ) (Pearson, Zeit Chem

69 662)

Solubility of KC1O4 in HC104 at 25 2°

0
10
15
20 5

C KCIO4

in 100 g

H O

0 70

1 14
1 54
1 90

50
70
99

G KC104

in 100 g

HO

6 45
12 3
22 2

(Calzolui, Ace Sci Med Icrrara, 1911, 85
150 )

t

0
20
40
60
80
100

( per 100k II O

0 79

1 80
4 81
8 71

14 78
20 98

bp

1 007
1 Oil
1 022
1 033
1 053
1 067

(Carlson, festsk Stockholm, 1911 262)

1 1 H20 dissolves 01481 eqmvalenti
KC104 at 25° (Noyes and Boggs, J Am
Chem Soc 1911,33 1652)

100 cc of sat solution of KC10

Normality of HC104

0 01

0 10

1 00

% KCIO*

1 999
1 485
0 527

(Thin and Gumming, Chem Soc 1915, 107
v 361)

Solubility m KCl+Aq at 25°

Concentration of KC1
Equivalents per litre

0 04973
0 09933

Solubility of KClOi
Equivalents per litre

0 1282
0 1V23

(Noves and Boggs, J Am Chem Soc 1911,
33 1652 )

Solubility m K

at 25°

(Concentration of K S(h
Equivalents* per litre

0 0497C
0 09922

SolubihtN of KC1O4
Eqimakntta per litre

0 1315
I) 1181

Very si sol m abs alcohol, and msol if
alcohol contains tiace of an acetate (Ros-
coe) Insol m alcohol of 0 835 sp gr (Schlos-

m in SoOtV 972% alcohol , m 5000

Oos11 2S2S t°hePrtSf29Sts°
lS "ther) Practically msol

652

PERCHLORATE, POTASSIUM RUBIDIUM

in an alcoholic solution of HC104 (Wenze'
Z angew Ch 1891 691)

Solubility of KC104 in ethyl alcohol+Aq at
252°

Solubility in H2O at t°

t°

G in 100 g H40

Sp gr

0
20
40
60
80
100

1 10
1 56
3 26
6 27
11 04
15 75

1 007
1 010
1 017
1 028
1 050
1 070

Vol % alcohol SQl inG10^10aicohol

51 2 0 754
93 5 0 051
98 8 0 019

(Carlson, Festsk Stockholm, 1911 262 )

Scandium perchlorate
(Crookes, Roy Soc Proc 1908, 80 A, 518 )

Silver perchlorate, AgC104
Deliquescent Sol m H20 and alcohol
(Serullas, A ch 46 307 )

Soditun perchlorate, NaClCU
Deliquescent, and very sol in H20 and
alcohol (Serullas )
Not deliquescent (Potihtzin. J russ Soc
1889, 1 258 )

Solubility in H20 at t°

(Thin and Gumming, Chem Soc 1915, 107
361)

Solubility in organic compels 4-Aq at 25°

Solvent

Mol KClOasol in
1 htre

0 5-N methyl alcohol
" ethyl alcohol
" propyl alcohol
" tert amyl alcohol
" acetone
" ether

" glycol

" glycerine
" urea
" ammonia
" diethvlamme
" pyndine
" urethane
" formamide
" acetamide
" acetic acid
" phenol
" methylal
" methyl acetate

0 1402
0 1356
0 1343
0 1279
0 1451
0 1336
0 1416
0 1404
0 1510
0 1474
0 1342
0 1410
0 1400
0 1539
0 1447
0 1462
0 1362
0 1400
0 1429

t°

G m 1 1 of
solution

Sp gr

15
50
143

1076
1234
1414

1 666
1 731
1 789

(Carlson, Festsk Stockholm, 1911 262 )

-LTT-fl TST/%* s1/\lisvi inasin-n 4- /"Dn4-i}-,4-r*Tn \

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910,43 314)

Potassium rubidium perchlorate,

KRb2(C104)3

15 5 g are contained in 1 1 solution sat
at 20°, sp gr = 1 013 (Carlson )

Rubidium perchlorate, RbC104

Sol in 92 1 pts H20 at 21 3° (Longumme.
A 121 123)

1 pt sol m 92 1 pts H20 at 21° as com-
pjired with 1 pt KC104 sol in 57 9 pts H20
at 21° (Erdmann, Arch Pharm 1894, 232

Strontium perchlorate, Sr(C104)^

Very deliquescent Sol in H2O and al-
cohol (Serullas, A ch 46 304)

Terbium perchlorate

Very sol m H^O and m alcohol (Potratz,
C N 1905, 92 3 )

Thallous perchlorate, T1C1O4

1 pt salt dissolves m 10 pts H2O at 15°,
and 0 6 pt at 100° (Roscoe, Chom Soc (2)
4 504)

Solubility in H2O at t°

Solubility m H2O at t°

t°

G per 100 g H30

Sp fer

t°

G RbC104
m 100 g
H2O

t

G RbClO4
in 100 g
H20

0
10
30
50
70
80

6 00
8 04
19 72
39 62
65 32
81 49

1 060
1 075
1 146
1 251
1 430
1 520

0
8
19 8
30

2 46
3 50
6 28
9 53

42 2
50

77
99

14 94
19 40
41 65
76 5

(Carlson, Festsk Stockholm 1911 262 )
SI sol in alcohol (Roscoe )

(Calzolan, Ace Sci Med Ferrara, 1911, 85
150)

PERCOLUMBATE, CESIUM

Thallic perchlorate, T1(C104)3+6H20

Very hydroscopic, sol m H20 Decomp
in moist air (Gewecke, Z anorg 1912. 76
274)

Uranyl perchlorate, (U02)(C1O4)2+4H20
(Salvadori, Ch Z 1912, 36 513 )
-f 6H20 (Salvadori )

Yttrium perchlorate, Y(C104)3+8H20

Very deliquescent Sol in H20 and alcohol
(Cleve )

Zinc perchlorate, Zn(ClO4)2

Deliquescent Sol in H2O and alcohol
(Serullas,A ch 46 302)

+4H20, and 6H20 (Salvadori, C C
1912, II 414 )

Zinc perchlorate, ammonia, Zn(C104)2, 4NH3
Ppt (Salvadori, C C 1912, II 414 )
Zn(C104)2, 6NH8 (Ephraun, B 1915, 48

64o )

Perchromic acid

Sol in ethyl acetate and valerate, in
amyl chlor/ide, formate, acetate, butyrate,
and valerate (All give blue solutions )

Insol in CS2, C6H6, CHC18, CC14, C6H6NH2,
CeHsNOa and toluene (Grosvenor, J Am
Chem Soc 1895. 17 41-43 )

H8Cr08+2H2O Decomp above —30°
(Riesenfeld, B 1914, 47 552 )

Ammonium perchromate, (NH4)3Cr08

Very unstable SI sol m cold H20 De-
comp by cone H2SO4 Insol in pure al-
cohol and pure ether Deconrn by boiling
alcohol containing more than 50% H2O
(Wohlers, B 1905, 38 188S )

CrO4, 3NH3 Sol m 10% NH4OH+Aq,
sol in H2O with decomp , msol m other
solvents (Wiedo B 1897, 30 2181 )

NH4CrO5, H2O2 Decomp in the air
Sol in ice cold H20, decomp when warmed
Insol in alcohol, ethu, ligrom and CHC13
(Wiede, B 1898, 31 518 )

Ammonium hydrogen perchromate,

Cr(VOONH4)(()OH)
Sol m H2O with decomp Difficultly sol
in cold aba alcohol (Hofmann. B 1904. 37
3406 )

Barium perchromate, lUCr ()8

(Byers and Hud, Am Ch J 1904,32 513)

Calcium perchromate, CaCr2O8

Verv sol in H20 (Mylms B 1900, 33
3689, Byers and Reid, Am Ch J 1904, 32
513 )

Lithium perchromate, Li2Cr2O8

(Byers and Reid, Am Ch J 1904, 32 511 )

Magnesium perchromate,
(Byers and Reid )

Potassium perchromate, KsCrO«

SI sol m cold H20 Decornr) bv <•««
H2S04 Insol m pure alcohol u <i I« r
ether Decomp by boiling al<ohol <'mt»IIfi
ing more than 50% H2O f WohlA H, H » W

Sol m H20 at 0
comp (Riesenfeld and Kutsch, H

39K2Cr208 Sol m H20 Decomp Ji-
air (Byers and Reid, Am Ch J H«>4,

50KCr05,H202orKH2Cr07 Sol »*»•
H20, decomp when warmed <NpI
(Wiede, B 1898, 31 520 )

Sodium perchromate,

SI sol in cold H20 Dccomj) In « ym
H2S04 Insol in pure alcohol and ptir* t f li* »
Decomp b\ boiling with ale containing «»*'*
bhan50%H20 (Wohlera, B 1UO5, 38 |ss>

Na6Cr2O16+28H20 EfHorc HC < at M w.l
m cold, easily in hot H.O, with iii'M«iij
Notdecomp byNaOH+Aq (HaUHW ti»«nu
J pr (2) 48 70 ) f t .

Na2Cr2O8 (Byers and Rod, Via < li I
1904, 32 511 )

Perchloroplatinocyanhydric acid,

H,Pt(CN)4Cla+4H-O
Verv sol m H2O ind ul< oliol

Ammonium perchloroplatinocyani<le,

(NF4)2Pt(CN)4Cl +211 0
Sol m H2O

Barium -

-, BaPt(CN)4<

Very sol m H O

Calcium , C iPtrC^N) j( 1

Sol mH2O

Magnesium— — , MgPl (( 1N ) t( I ],!!<»
Sol m H O

Manganous — — , MnPt(( N ) t( I } »I! ( »
Sol m H2O and ileohol

Potassium , K Pi K N ) »< I I JII < >

Very efflorescent, inel sol m H <> u
alcohol

Percolumbic acid, HCb()4-h//H ( >

Insol in H2O Sol with <l( < omp m \ t!n
H2S04 (Melikoff, Z anorfr 1S()<) 20 M

Caesium percolumbate,

1*30

654

PERCOLUMBATE, CESIUM MAGNESIUM

Caesium magnesium percolumbate,

MgCsCb08-|-8H20
Sol in H2O without decomp
Smith)

(E F

tanbate,
Difficultly sal in H20 (E F Smith )

Calcium potassium
CaKCb084-4ET20

Calcium sodium percolumbate, CaNaCb08+

4H20
Difficultly sol in H2O (E F Smith )

Magnesium potassium percolumbate.

MgKCb08-f7H20

Sol m H20 without decomp (E F
Smith)

Magnesium rubidium percolumbate.

MgRbCb08+7^H20
Sol in H20 without decomp (E F Smith)

Magnesium sodium percolumbate,

MgNaCb08+8H20
Sol m H20 without decomp (E F Smith )

Potassium percolumbate, K3CbO8
Sol m H20 Ppt from aq solution by

r,lrtriV,rtl n? P ^rrnth )

Sol with decomp in
ol Sol mKOH+HaOs
anorg 1899, 20 342 )

(E F

percolumbate, RbsCb08
Sol in H20 Insol in alcohol
Smith )

Sodium percolumbate, NasCbOs

Sol in H20 Insol m alcohol (E F

Smifch)

Perferncyanliydnc acid

Potassium perfemcyanide, K2Fe(CN)64-

H20 (?)

Very hygroscopic, and sol in H2O Nearly
insol m absolute alcohol Decomp by hot
H20 (Skraup, A 189 368)

Periodic acid, H6IOa

Deliquescent in moist air; very sol m H2O
(Bengieser, A 17 254)

Rather easily sol in alcohol and ether
(Bengieser )

Rather easily sol in alcohol, less in ether
(Langtoch )

SI sol m alcohol, still less m ethei (Lang-
lois, J pr 56 36 )
Sp gr ofH6IO6+Aq

H5I06+ 20H20 = 14008
HelOe-f 40H20 = 12165
H5I06+ 80H2O = 1 1121
H6I06+160H20 = 10570
H5I06+320H20 = 10288
(Thomsen, B 7 71 )

Penodates

Most periodates are insol or si sol inH20,
all are insol or verj si sol m alcohol, but
they all dissolve in dil HN03+Aq (Ben-
gieser )

Aluminum metopenodate, 41(I04)3+3H20

Stable in solution containing HN03
(Eakle, C C 1896 II, 649 )

Ammonium raetaperiodate, NH4I04

SI sol in H 0 Cryst with 3H20 (Ihre, B

3 316), 2H20 (Langlois, A ch (3) 34 257)
Stable in solution containing free ammonia

(Eakle, Zeit Kryst 1896, 26 258-88 )
100 pts H20 dissolve 2 7 pts NHJCU at

16°, sp gr of sat solution at 16°/4° = 1 0178

(Barker, Chem Soc 1908, 93 17 )

Ammonium cfomesoperiodate, (NH4)4l209+

3H2O
Sol in H20 (Rammelsberg, Pogg 134

379)

Stable in solution containing free ammonia
Two modifications (Eakle, Zeit Krvst

1896, 26 558-88, C C 1896 II, 649 )

A mm on mm lithium dimesopenodsite,

(NH4)2Li2I2Ofl4-7H20
Sol in H2O (Ihre )

Ammonium magnesium mesopenodate,

NH4MgI05+3H20
Precipitate (Rammelsberg, Pogg
510)

Barium wetaperiodate, Ba(I(>4)
Known onlv in solution

134

Barium cfamesoperiodate,

SI sol m H2O, easily sol m dil HNO8 +
iq (Rammelsberg, Pogc; 134 391 )
Cryst also with 3H20, 5H (), uul 711 ()

Barium mesopenodate, Bi (TO6) +()H ()
(Ihre )

Barium or^openodate, B is(l()i)

Insol mH20 Sol mIINO^+\q (Ram-
molsbc rg )

PiedpiUtc Sol in dil HNOj-f-Aq
(Rammdsbcrg, Pegs 134 W5 )

Barium penodate tungstate
See Tungstopenodate, barium

Caesium metopenodate, CsIO4

SI sol m cold H2O , readily sol m hot H O
(Wells, 4m Ch J 1901, 26 279 )

2 15 pts are sol in 100 pts H20 at 15°
Sp gr of the sat aq solution at 15°/4° =
1 0166 (Barker, Chem Soc 1908, 93 17 )

PERIODATE, MAGNESIUM

655

C»sium penodate hydrogen fluoride, 2CsI04,

Sol m 40-60% HF+Aq Decomp by
H20 Efflorescent (Wemland, Z anorg
1899, 22 263 )

Cadmium metapenodate, Cd(I04)2
Ppt (Rammelsberg, Pogg 134 516 )

Cadmium cforaesopenodate, Cd2I209-i-9H20
Insol in H$0 (Rammelsberg )

Cadmium mesopenodate, Cd3(I06)2-h5H20
Ppt
CdHIOe (Kimmms, Chem Soc 56 151 )

Cadmium cfopenodate, Cd4I2On+3H20
Insol in H20 (Rammelsberg )

Cadmium penodate, CdioIeOsi-f 15H20
Insol in H20 (Rammelsberg )

Calcium metapenodate, Ca(I04)2

Sol in HsI06+Aq and acids (Rammels-
berg, Pogg 134 405)

Calcium cforaesopenodate, Ca2I209+7H20,

and 9H20

SI sol in H20 (Rammelsberg )
+3HoO (Langlois )

Calcium or^openodate, Ca5(I06)2

Insol mH20 Sol m HN03-{-Aq (Ram-
melsberg, Pogg 44 577 )

Cobaltous penodate, 7CoO, 212O7+18H/)
Attacked by HC1, and sol on warming

Slowly but completely sol mNH03 (Lautsoh,

J pr 100 89)

Could not be obtained by Rammelsberg

Cupnc cfowesopenodate, Oi^

Decomp by IE/) without dissolving
(Rammelsbcrg )

Cupnc or/Aopenodate, ( u HlO<s

Very sol m HNOj + \q ( Kimmins, Chem
Soc 55 150 )

Cupnc ^penodate, Cu4l Oii+H20

Insol m II2O, W)l m dil HNO3+\q

(Rammelsberg )
+7H20 (R )

Cupric penodate, 5CuO,

Wholly msol m H20 (Rammelsberg, B
1 73)

Didymium peroidate, Di2O2(I04)2

Precipitate

DiI05+4H20 Ppt (Cleve, Bull Soc (2)
43 362)

Erbium penodate

Sol in H20 (Hoglund )

Glucinum penodate, G13(IO6)2+11H20
Decomp by H2O without dissolving Eas-

ily sol mHNO3-fAq

+13H2O Nearly msol m H20 (Atter-

berg, B 7 474 )

Iron (ferrous) ortfioperiodate, Fes(I06)2
(Kimmms, Chem Soc 56 150 )
FeH3IOe (Kimmms )

Iron (feme) penodate, 2Fe203, I2O7+21H2O
Ppt (Rammelsberg )

Iron (feme) dtwesopenodate, FeHI209

Insol in dil HN08+Aq (Kimmins,
Chem Soc 55 149)

Iron (feme) metopenodate, Fe(IO4)a
(Kimmms )

Lanthanum penodate, La(IO4)3+2H2O
Precipitate (Cleve )

Lead metopenodate, Pb(IO4)2
Sol m HNOs+Aq (Kimmms )

Lead or^openodate, Pb3H4(I00)2

Sol mHNO3+Aq (Kimmins, Chem Soc
65 149)

Lead wesoperiodate, Pbs(IO6) +2H20

Insol in H20 or excess of periodic acid+
Aq Decomp by dil H2SO4+Aq (Ben-
gieser, A 17 254 )

Lithium mela penodate, I iIO4

Difficultly sol in H20 (Rammclsborg. B
1 132)

Somewhat deliquescent

4-H20, sol m H2O (Bilker, Chem Soc
1911, 99 1326 )

Lithium ^mesoperiodate, Li4l Oo+3H2O

Very si sol in H20 (Rammel&berg, Pogg
134 iS7)

Lithium o/^openodate, 1 i6l()t

H2O dissolves out a slight amount of 1 il
Lifaily sol m HN03-j-Aq (Rammelsboig,
Pogg 137 ^13)

Magnesium w^apenodate, Mg(I04) +

10H,O
Easily sol in H2O (R immelsberg )

Magnesium ^penodate, Mg4I2Ou-f-6H2O, 01

9H2O

SI efflorescent Insol in H2O (Rammels-
berg )

656

PERIODATE, MAGNESIUM

Magnesium cfemesopenodate, Mg2I209-|-

3H20

(Rammelsberg, Pogg 134 499 )
-}-15H2O Insol in H20 Sol in periods

acid-f-Aq (Langlois )

Manganic penodate
See Mangampenodic acid

Mercurous ^penodate, 5Hg20, I207, or

4Hg,0,I,07-HgaIiOii
Insol m H2O Easily sol in HNO3+Aq
and in HCl+Aq (Lautsch, J pr 100 86 )

Mercuric pr^openodate, Hg6(I06)2

Insol mH20 Easily sol in HC1 SI sol
m HN03 (Lautsch )

Mercuric potassium penodate, lOHgO, 5K20,

6I207

Insol in H2O Difficultly sol in warm
HN03 without decomp (Rammelsberg,
Pogg 134 526)

Nickel ^mesopenodate, Ni2I209
(Kimmms, Chem Soc 56 151 )

Nickel wesopenodate, Nis(I05)2
(ICimmins )

w .v^i ^™rfate, 7NiO, 4I207+63H20

3 Easily sol in H6IOeH-Aq
5, Pogg 134 514 )

jfotassium. metapenodate, KI04

SI sol m H20 Sol in 290 pts cold H2O
(Rammelsberg, Pogg 134 320 )

Almost insol mKOH+4q

0 66 pt is sol m 100 pts H20 at 13° Sp
gr of the sat sol at 13°/4° = 1 0051 C Barker,
Chem Soc 1908, 93 16 )

Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

Potassium wesopenodate, K3I05-|-4H2O
Deliquescent Easily sol m H2O (Ihre )

Potassium ctoesopenodate, K4I209+9H2O
Sol m 9 7 pts cold H2O (Rammelsberg.

Pogg 134 320)
Sol inKOH+Aq
+3H20

Potassium hydrogen cfawesopenodate,

K3HI209

Less sol in H20 than KI04 (Kimmms,
Chem Soc 61 356)

Potassium manganic penodate
See Mangampenodate, potassium

Potassium zinc penodate, K20, 4ZnO. 2I207

+4H2O
Ppt (Rammelsberg, Pogg 134 368 )

Potassium penodate tungstate
See Tungstoperiodate, potassium

Rubidium penodate, RbI04

0 65 pt is sol in 100 pts H20 at 13° Sp
gr of the sat aq solution at 13 °/4° - 1 0052
(Barker, Chem Soc 1908, 93 16 )

Samarium penodate, Sm(IO5)+4H20
Precipitate (Cleve )

Silver metapenodate, AgI04

Decomp by cold H2O into Ag4Io09+3H20,
and by warm H20 into Ag4I209-|-H 0 (Ain-
mermuller and Magnus, Pogg 28 516 )

•fH20 Insol ppt (Kimmins )

Silver W6sopenodate, Ag3I06

(Fernlunds, J pr 100 99 )

Ag2HIO6 Insol ppt (Kimmms, Chem
Soc 61 358)

Ppt by dil HNO3, sol in HN03 (Rosen-
heim, A 1899,308 57)

Silver ^mesopenodate, Ag4I209+H20, or
3HO

Insol ppt (Kimmms )

Decomp by boiling H20 into Ag6I06
(Rammelsberg )

Silver oriAopenodate, Ag6IO0

Sol mHNO8orNH4OH+Aq (Rammels-
berg, Pogg 134 386 )

Sol in excess NH4OH+Aq, pptd by
HNO3 (Rosenheim, A 1899 308 5fa )

AgsH^IOs Insol ppt (Kimmms, Chem
Soc 61 358)

Ag2H3IO6 As above (Kimmms )

Sol in dil HNO3 (Rosenheim, A 1899,
308 53)

Silver dzperiodate, AggljOn

SI sol m HNO,+Aq, uisol in NH4()H +
\q (Lautsch, J pr 100 75 )

Insol m

HNO3+Aq dissolve b out
NH4OH-fAq (I autsch )

Sodium wp/apenodate, N ii( )4

1< a,siJy sol m H2O

+2H2O (I anglois )

-HH2O P fnorc scent , bol in 12 pts H/)
at oid tomp (Rammdsbd^, I pr 103 278)

Sodium cfowesopenodate, N i4I ()0-h ill^O
Scarcely sol m fold, si sol m hot H2O

Magnus and Ammermuller, Pogg 28 514 )
Very sol in dil HNO3+Aq (Langlois )
Sol m HC2H302+Aq with decomp

Bengieser, A 17 254)
Insol m methyl aretate (Naumann, B

.909,42 3790)
+4H20

PiERMANGANATE, CUPRIC

657

Sodium mesoperiodate, Na3IO6+5/4H20

Sol mH20 (Ihre)

+H20=Na3H3I06 Less sol m H20 than
NaJA + 3H20( - Na2H3I06)
Chem Soc 51 357)

Sodium orthopenodaie,

Na^sIOo Correct composition for
Na4I2094-3H20 (Kimmms )

NagHglOe Correct composition for NasIOs
-t-H2O (Kimmms )

Strontium wetaperiodate, Sr(I04)2+6H20
Sol in H20

Strontium cfowesoperiodate, Sr2I2O9
Deeomp by H20
+3H20

Strontium wesopenodate, Sr3(IO6)2
Precipitate

Strontium orZ/iopenodate, Sr6(I06)
(Rammelsberg, Pogg 44 577 )

Thalhc penodate, 3T12O3, I2O7+30H20

Insol in H2O Decomp by alkalies
(Rammelsberg, B 3 361 )

Thorium penodate

Precipitate Sol in HNO3+Aq

Uranous penodate

Precipitate, which quickly decomposes

Ytterbium penodate, YbIO6+2H20

Hydroscopic (Clcve, Z anorg 1902, 32
136)

Yttrium penodate, Y^IO ) +SH 0
Verv slightly sol (Cl( vc )
3Y03,2I207+()HO Punpitito (Okvc )

Zinc rfimesopenodate, Zn2I2Oj+()H O
(Rammelsbeig, Pogg 134 5H )

Zinc penodate, JZnO, 2I2O7+7H2()

(Langlois )

Zinc ^penodate, Zn

Easily sol m H20, si acid with HNO3
(Langlois, A ch (3) 34 257 )

Zinc cteesocfoperiodate, Zng^Oig -J-14HaO (?)
(Rammelsberg )

Zinc penodate, 9ZnO, 2I2Or+12H2O

(Rammelsberg )

Penodoplatmocyanliydnc acid

Banum penodoplatulocyamde, BaPt(CN)<l2

+sH20

Easily sol m H2O or alcohol (Hoist, Bull
Soc (2)22 347)

Potassium penodoplatrnocyanide,

K2Pt(CN)4I2
Permanent Easily sol in H2O or alcohol

Permanganic acid, HMnO*

Known only in solution, which decomposes
by evaporation or warming

Permanganates

All permanganates are sol in E^O, except-
ing AgMn04, which is si sol

Ammonium permanganate, NH4Mn04
Sol in 12 6 pts H20 at 15° (Aschoff )
Sol in H2O with decomp (Chnstensen,

Z anorg 1900, 24 206 )

Banum permanganate, Ba(MnC>4)2
Sol mH2O

Cadmium permanganate, Cd(MnO4)24"8H20
Stable (Klobb, Bull Soc 1894, (3) 11
607)

Cadmium

mum permanganat
Cd(Mn04),, 4NPI3

;anate ammonia,

Sol m HO with dccomp (Klobb, Bull
Soc H) 3 510)

Caesium permanganate, CsMnO4

SI sol m cold, somewhat more easily sol
in hot H2O (Muthmann, B 1893, 26 1018 )

Solubility in H ()

100 c cm of the s it solution contain at

1° 19°

0097 02*

50°

CsMn04

(Patteison, J Am Chem Soc 100(>, 28
17*5)

Calcium permanganate, Ca(Mn04)2-f5H2O
Deliquescent

Cupnc permanganate
Deliquescent

658

PERMANGANATE AMMONIA, CUPRIC

Cupnc permanganate ammonia, Cii(Mn04)2,

Solubility in H20 at t°

4NH3

p = pts KMn04sol in 100 pts H20att°

Sol in HgO with slow decomp (Klobb,

Bull Soc (3) 3 509 )

t°

P

t°

p

t°

p

t°

p

o

2 76

19

6 26

38

11 74

57

20 29

Didynutun permanganate, Di(MnO03+

1

2 90

20

6 48

39

12 12

58

20 83

21H20

2

3 06

21

6 70

40

12 51

59

21 39

SI sol in H>0 (Frenchs and Smith, A

3

3 22

22

6 94

41

12 91

60

21 96

191 331)

4

3 38

23

7 18

42

13 31

61

22 55

Has not been prepared (Cleve, B 11 912 )

5

3 54

24

7 42

43

13 72

62

23 15

6

3 70

25

7 68

44

14 14

63

23 76

Lanthanum permanganate, La(Mn04)84-

OITJ* r\

7
8

3 86
4 04

26
27

7 94
8 20

45
46

14 56
15 00

64
65

24 38
25 01

21H2O

9

4 22

28

8 48

47

15 44

66

25 67

Ppt (Frenchs and Smith, A 191 331 )
Has not been prepared (Cleve, B 11 910 )

10
11

4 40

4 58

29
30

8 77
9 07

48
49

15 88
16 32

67
68

26 34
27 03

12

4 78

31

9 37

50

16 77

69

2784

Lead permanganate

13
14

4 98
5 18

32
33

9 69
10 01

1 51
52

17 23
17 71

70

71

28 56
29 30

Sol inHNOs+Aq (Forchhammer )

15

5 38

34

10 34

53

18 21

72

3005

16

5 60

35

10 68

54

18 71

73

3081

Lithium permanganate, LiMn04+3H20
So] in 1 4 pts H20 at lb° (4schoff )

17

18

5 82
6 04

36
37

11 02
11 38

55
56

19 23
19 75

74
74 5

31 57
31 95

Magnesium permanganate, Mg(Mn04)2
T 7 - ™Cla, CGI,, OH., toluene, mtro-
n, ether and CS2 Sol in
acetone, pyridme, and readily
cetic acid Only pyridme and
^ u acid are sufficiently stable to
v* ohe salt to be of any practical use for
oxidation purposes (Michael and Garner,
Am Ch J 1906, 35 268 )
-j-6H20 Easily deliquescent

Nickel permanganate ammonia, Ni(Mn04)2,

(Klobb, Bull

Sol in H20 with decomp
Soc (3) 3 509 )

Potassium permanganate, KMnG4

001 in 10 prs riju at 10 uvntsenoiiicn ;
Solubility m 100 pts H>O at t°

Grams KMn04 sol in
] 00 grams H aO

i

0 5S
1 01
2 02
2 91
4 22
5 20
7 5*
11 61
16 75

0 is
0 27
- 0 4S
- 0 5S
MO
+ 1 >
+2r>

-MO

-K>0

t

Pts KMnO<

0
9 8
19 8
24 8
29 8
34 8
40 0
45 0
50 0
55 0
65 0

2 83

4 31
6 34
7 59
9 03
10 67
12 56
14 58
16 89
19 33
25 03

(Voeiman, C C 1906, I 125)

Sol m cone H2feO4 Ddiquosas in liquid
HC1, but does not dissolve (Gore )
Slowly sol m HsP04-fAq (Chovillot and
Edwards )

(Baxter, J Am Chem Soc 1906, 28 1343 )

(Worden, J Soc Chem Ind 1907, 26 453 )

Solubility m H20

100 com of the sat solution contain it
0° 15° 153° 30°
284 522 530 3 69 g KMn04
Sp gr of sat solution at 15° = 1035
(Patterson, J Am Chem Sor 1006, 28
1735 )

1 1 sat KMn04+Aq cont uns it
0° 10° 20° 30° 40°
0 176 0 278 0 411 0 573 0 792 mol KMnO4,

53° f»i° 70° 75°
1154 1429 1812 2 047 mol KMnO4
(baekur, Z Elektiochcm 1()U, 18 72*)

Solubility of KMn04 in II/) at t°

PERMANGANATE AMMONIA, SILVER

659

Solubility in KOH+Ao at t° expressed in mol per 1 of the sat solution

t°

H20

InKOH

2nKOH

4nKOE

6nKOH

SnKOH

lOnKOH

0

0 176

0 050

0 031

0 027

0 023

0 017

0 012

10

0 278

0 112

0 068

0 048

0 042

0 028

0 016

20

0 411

0 179

0 119

0 079

19° 0 074

0 032

0 029

30

0 573

32° 0 316

32° 0 213

32° 0 149

0 114

32° 0 062

0 040

40

0 792

0 439

0 306

0 211

0 161

0 084

0 052

50

53° 1 154

50° 0 638

0 462

0 304

0 219

0 111

63

1 429

61° 0 904

60° 0 639

0 427

0 291

61° 0 143

0 071

70

1 812

1 172

0 869

0 572

0 390

0 188

0 082

75

2 047

0 651

0 089

80

1 513

1 190

0 500

0 231

84

1 655

1 352

83° 0 803

85° 0 572

90

0 649

0 297

(Saekur, Z Elektrochem 1912, 18 723 )

Solubility in salts H-Aq at t°

Solvent

t°

Mol KMn04
in 1 1 of sat
solution

0 l-n K2C°3.

0
25
40

0 1462
0 4375
0 7380

!-nK2CO,

0
25
40

0 0629
02589
0 5007

2

2_nK2CO<

0

40

0 0446
0 3519

2

^nK2CO,

0
25

0 0270
0 0930

2

6-n*£*00<

0

0 0156

0 1-nKCl

0
25

40

0 1395
0 4315
0 7380

0 5-n KC1

0
25
40

0 0760
0 3060
0 5840

l-n KC1

0
25
40

0 0532
0 220
0 444

2-n KC1

0
25
40

0 0379
0 1432
0 288

(Sackur, Z Pltktrochun 1912,18 723)

Very sol m liquid NHj (Moibsan, A (h
1895 (7) 6 42S, Fianklm, \m Ch J 1898,
20 829)

Decomp immediately by alcohol Sol in
acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899 II, 1014,
Naumann, B 1904, 37 4328 )

Solubility in acetone +Aq at 13°
A= ccm acetone m 100 com acetone+Aq
VB KMn04 =miUimols KMn04 m 100 ccm
of the solution

A

1/5 KMnO4

0

148 5

10

163 2

20

177 3

30

208 2

40

257 4

50

289 7

60

316 8

70

328 0

80

312 5

90

227 0

100

67 6

(Herz and Knoch, Z anorg 1904, 41 317 )

Sol m benzomtnle (Naumann B 1914,
47 1309)

Difficultly sol m methyl acetate (iSau-
mann, B 1909, 42 3795 )

Sol m ethyl acetate (Naumann, B 1901,
37 3601 )

Rubidium permanganate, UbMnO4

Solubility m H2O lies between K and Cb
ilts (Muthimnn, B 1893 26 1018)
bolubiht\ in H2O
100 com of the s it solution contain at

2 19° 00°

0 4b 1 Ob 4 68 g RbMn04
(Patterson, J Am Chum Soc 1906, 28
1735 j

Silver permanganate, Ag2MnG4

Sol in 109 pts cold H20 and much less hot
HO Decomp by boiling (Mitscheilich,
Pogg 25 301 )

Silver permanganate ammonia

SI sol in cold, more easily m hot H 0
(Klobb, C R 103 384 )

660

PERMANGANATE, SODIUM

Sodium permanganate, NaMnO4+3H2O
Deliquescent Extremely sol in H20
Moderately sol in liquid NH8 (Franklin,

Am Ch J 1898, 20 829 )

Strontium permanganate, Sr(Mn04)a4-4H20
Deliquescent Sol in H2O (Fromherz )

Thallous permanganate, TIMnO*

Sol in H20 with decomp (R Meyer, Z
anorg 1899, 22 188 )

Zinc permanganate, Zn(Mn04)2+6H20

Deliquescent Very sol in H20 (Marten-
son, J B 1873 274)

Zmz permanganate ammonia,

Zn(MnO4)2, 4NH8

Sol in H2O with decomp (Klobb, Bull
Soc (3) 3 509 )

Permanganomolybdic acid, Mn02,

12Mo08+10H20

Sol in HoO Decomp by alkalis Sol in
alcohol (Pochard, C R 1897, 125 31 )

Langanomolybdate,
tn02, 7Mo08+5H2O
_d Samelson, Z anorg 1900,

,dn02, 9Mo08-f6H20 (Fried-
* Allemann, Mit d Nat Ges Bern
>U4 ZZ )

+7H2O (Friedheim and Samelson, Z
anorg 1900, 24 70 )

4(NH4)20, Mn02, HMo03+7H2O (Fried-
heim and Samelson )

3(NH4)20, Mn02, 12MoO3+5H20 SI
sol in cold H2O Decomp by alkalis Insol
in alcohol (Pochard, C R 1897, 125 30 )

Ammonium manganous permanganomolyb-
date, 3[(NH4)2, Mn]O, Mn02, 9Mo03 +
6H2O and +7H2O

(Friedheim and Allernann, Mitt d Nat
Ges Bern 1904 23)

3](NH4)2, Mn]0, MnO2, 10Mo03 + 10H20
(Friedheim and Samelson, Z anorg 1900. 24
94)

4[(NH4)2, Mn]0, Mn02, 10Mo03+6H2O
(Friedheim and Samelson, Z anorg 1900, 24
75)

4[(NH4)s, Mn]O, MnO,, HMo03+8H2O
(Friedheim and Samelson, Z anorg 1900, 24
72)

Ammonium manganous potassium perman-
ganomolybdate, 2(NH4)A MnO, K20,
Mn02, 10Mo08+5H20
Very si sol m cold, easily sol in H2O at
70-80° (Rosenheim, Z anorg 1898, 16 79 )
3[(NH4)2, K2, Mn]0, Mn02, 9Mo03 +
7H2O (Friedheim and Allemann, Mitt d
Nat Ges Bern 1904 23 )

4[(NH4), K2, Mn]0, MnOo, 10MoO3-f
5H2O (Friedheim and Samelson, Z anorg
1900,24 97)

3[(NH4)2, K2, Mn]0, MnO2, 10Mo08-f-
6H2O, and +10H20 (Friedheun and Samel-
son, Z anorg 1900, 24 92 )

Ammonium potassium permanganomolyb-
date, 3[(NH4)2, K2]O, MnO2, 8Mo08-f-
4H20
(Friedheun and Samelson )

Barium permanganomolybdate, 3BaO, Mn02,

9MoO3+12H20

Ppt (Hall, J 4m Chem Soc 1907, 29
700)

Manganous potassium permanganomolyb-
date, 2K20, MnO, Mn02, 9Mo034-

True formula for 5K20, Mn2O3, 16Mo08-|-
12H20 of Struve (Friedheim ana Samelson,
Z anorg 1900, 24 86 )

3[K2,Mn]0, Mn02, 9MoO8 +6H.JO (Fried-
heun and Allemann, Mitt d Nat Ges Bern
1904 23)

2 6 K2O, 0 4 MnO, MnO2, 9MoO3+7H20
Ppt (Hall, J Am Chem Soc 1907, 29
700)

4[K2, Mn]0, Mn02, HMoO3+7H20
(Friedheim and Samelson, Z anorg 1900, 24
80)

Manganous potassium sodium permangano-
molybdate, 3[K , Na2, Mn]O, Mn02,
8Mn03-f-4H20

(Friedheim and \llcraann, Mitt d Nat
Ges Bern 1904 48)

Manganous sodium permanganomolybdate,

3[Na , Mn]0, Mn()2, 9Mo(), + lr)H20
(Friedheim and \llom inn )

Potassium pennarganomolybdate, U\ (),
MnO2, 8MoO3+^H()

Much less sol in II/) thin NK4 cornp
(Fiiedheirn and Same Ison, % inoi^; 1()00, 24
7S)

+5IT O Neailv insol m cold 01 hot H/)
(Rosonhum and Itzi^, / mui^ 1S()S, 16 SI )

3K2O, MnO2, ()Mo()3 + r)ir () (I'linlhnm
and Samelson, / anoi^ 1900, 24 SI )

+6H/) (Hall, J Am C he m S<N 1007,
29 700)

SK2O, MnO,, 12Mo()a+4H<) Nearly
insol m cold H2() D((omp by ilkalis
Insol m alcohol (Pfrhard, C R 1897,125
31)

Silver permanganomolybdate, 3Ag2O, Mn02,
9Mo03+6H/)

Ppt (Hall, J 4m Chem Soc 1907, 29
700)

PEROXYOTTRATE, SILVER

661

Sodium permanganomolybdate, 3Na20,

Mn<52, 12Mo03-f-13H2O
Efflorescent Very sol in H2O Decomp
M alkalies Insol in alcohol (Te*chard, C R
125 31 )

Permanganotungstic acid

Ammonium manganous permanganotung-
state, 4(NH4)2O, MnO, MnO2, 12W03-f
23H 0

Readily sol m H2O Can be cryst there-
from ('Rogers and Smith. J 4m Chem
Soc 1904,26 1475)

Sodium permanganotungstate, 3Na20, Mn02l

5W03+18H20

Rather easily sol in hot H20 Solution
decomp on long boiling with separation of
manganese peroxide (Just. B 1903. 36
3621 )

Pennolybdic acid, Mo2O7, 5H20^
HMoO4+2H2O

Very sol m H2O, and not decomp by boil-
ing (Pochard, A ch (6) 28 550 )

H2MoO5+l^H2O "Ozo-molybdic acid "
Only very si sol in H20 after being dried m
the air Sol m fairly cone H2SO4 (Muth-
mann, B 1898, 31 1838 )

H2Mo2O7, H 02 SI sol in cold, more eas-
ily sol in hot H2O, but does not separate on
cooling Sol in dil acids, also in H3P04
(Cammerei, Ch Z 1S91, 15 957)

Ammonium permolybdate, NH4Mo04+
2H20

Veiy sol m H2O, si sol m alcohol, but
alcohol ( xtracts it from H2O, forming a very
cone supci s it solution, which is pptd by
crystal of NH4MoC)4, and only i si amount
remains m solution (Pdchinl )

3(NH4) A 5MoO3, 2MoO4+()H[ () (Muth-
mann, B 1S9S, 31 1837 )

3(NH4) O 7Mo()4 + UHO Ppt (Muth-
mann, Z moig 1S<)S, 17 7b )

3(NH4) O F)Mo()44-()H () Ppt (Muth-
mann )

Ammonium nickel permolybdate ammonia,

(NH4) Ni(Mo()4)2,2NH,
Decomp by II2O Sol m dil NH4OH
(Bnge;s, Ghcm Soc 1904,85 (>74 ;

Barium permolybdate, BaCMoOJ +2H20
(Pochard, A ch 180 i, (()) 28 537)
8BaO, 19MoO3, 2H/)2-hl3H2O (Baer-

wald, Dissert 1885 )

Caesium permolybdate, Cs2O, 4MoO4+6H2O
Sol hot H O (Muthmann, B 1898, 31

3Cs20, 7MoO3, 3Mo04H-4HoO Ppt
(Muthmann )

Copper pennolybdate, Cu(Mo04)2+H20

Insol in H20, easily sol in acids Sol m
NH4OH+ A.q with decomp (Pochard )

Magnesium pennolybdate, Mg(Mo04)2-f-
10H20

Very sol m H20, si sol in alcohol (P6oh-
ard)

Mercurous permolybdate
Insol in H20 or NH4N03 +Aq (Pochard )

Potassium permolybdate, KMo044-2H20

SI sol in cold, more in hot H20 SI sol
in alcohol (Pochard )

K20,2Mo08, Mo04+3H2O Ppt (Muth-

ann, Z anorg 1898, 17 77 )

K202, Mo04, H202 Decomp bv H20
(Mehkoff and PissariewsL\, B 1898, 31
2449)

K2Mo06+3H20 Nearly msol in cold,
easily sol m hot HoO (Mazzuchelli and
Zangrilh, Gazz ch it 1910, 40 (2) 56 )

Rubidium permolybdates

" Rubidium ozo-molybdate "

3Rb20, 10Mo04+14H20 Ppt

Rb20, 2Mo03, Mo04+3H20 May be re-
cryst from H202 -f-Aq

3Rb 0, 5Mo03, 2MoO4+6H 0 Ppt

Rb20.3Mo08,Mo04-}-4H20 Ppt (Muth-
mann, B 1898, 31 1839-41 )

Silver pennolybdate, AgMo04
(Pochard )

Sodium permolybdate, NaMo04-f 3H2O

Very sol in H O, msol in alcohol, but
behaves similarly to K salt (P6chard )

Thallous permolybdate

Insol in H20 (Pochard, \ ch 1893, (6)
28 559)

Penutnc acid, NO8

See Nitrogen

Silver penutrate, basic, iA^2O2, Aa;NO

Decomp H20 (Mulder, R t c 1898, 17
142)

Perosmic acid

Potassium perosmate ( >)

Sol in H2O, but ver-v easily decomp

Peroxymtnc acid

Silver peroxymtrate

Analysis of the black compound formed,
under certain circumstances, in a silver volt-
ameter when an aqueous solution of AgN03

662

PEROXYLAMnSTE -SULPHONIC ACID

is electrolyzed, points to the composition
3Ag20, 50, 4.gN08, perhaps 2Ag8O4, AgN08
or 3Ag202, A.gN05 (Mulder, Chem Soc
1896, 70 (2) 561 )

Peroxylaminestilphomc acid

Potassium peroxylammesulphoiiate,

N202(S08K)4

Very unstable m H20 Very si sol in cold
H2Q More stable in N/10 KOH+Aq

100 pts N/10 KOH+Aq dissolve 0 62 pt
of the salt at 3°, 66 pts at 29° (Haga,
Chem Soc 1904, 85 86 )

Perstanmc acid, H2Sn207

Known in colloidal state, sol in H20
(Spring, Bull Soc (2) 61 180 )

Potassium perstannate, KSn04+2H20

Sol in H20 Insol in alcohol (Tanatar,
B 1905, 38 1185 )

Sodium perstannate, NaSn04+2H20
Difficultly sol in H20 with decomp

(Tanatar )

Persulphunc acid, S207
See Sulphur fteptoxide
H2S208

Sp gr ofH2S208+Aq

Sp gr 14°/14°

% H2SaO«

g H2S2Oh per 1

Solubility of Pb(bO4)2 m II feO4+Aq at 22C

1 042

7 2

75

v= moles of H2feO4 per mole of H20

1 096

15 4

169

c=millimols Pb(S04L m 1 1

11 f\A

90 a

979

lOrt

1 246

£t O

35 2

>-i 4 £t

438

V

c

V

c

(Elbs and Schonherr, Z Elektrochem 1S96,

0 304

0 00

0 55S

37 2

2 245)

0 348

1 S

0 <>9Q

40 5

0 387

^ 0

0 017

23 3

Ammonium persulphate, (NH4) S2O8

0 407
0 435

* 9
5 3

1 11
1 54

23 7

4.Q fi

Very sol m H20 100 pts H2O at 0° dis
solve 582 pts (NH4)2S208 (Marshall,
Chem Soc 59 771 )

0 477
0 515

14 4
.2* *

2 OS
2 H

Ttt/ U

83 5

88 2

Solubility in H20 equals 58% at 8°
(Moieau, C C 1901,11 56)
100 pts H20 dissolve 65 pts at oid temp

(Dolezalek and Fmckh, Z anorg 1906, 51
321)

(Elbs, J pr 1893, (2) 48 185 )

+ 3H2O D< liquescent \<iysoi in H20

(Mai sh ill)

Ammonium lead persulphate,

(NH4)2Pb(S04)3
Decomp by H20 Almost m^ol in cold
H2S04 of sp gr =1 7 SI sol in H2SO4(sp
gr = 1 7) at 50° Sol in fuming H2S04 and
in cold cone HC1 Sol in acetic acid, in Na
acetate +Aq acidified with acetic acid and in
excess of cold 20%NaOH+Aq (Elbs, Z
Elektrochem 1900, 7 346 )

Ammonium mercurous persulphate " an

moma, (NH4)HgS208, 2NH3
Decomp by H2O Insol in dil or coru
hot or cold H2S04 or HNO3 Sol m HC
(Tarugi, Gazz ch it 1903, 33 (1) 131 )

Barium persulphate, BaS208+4H20

Very sol m H2O 100 pts H2O at 0° di
solve 39 1 pts BaS208, or 52 2 pts BaS208
4H20 Sol in absolute alcohol with pptn <
BaS208-fH20 Insol m alcohol (MarshaU

Cadmium persulphate ammonia, CdS20

6NH3

Sol in H20 (Barbien, Z anorg 1911. 7
350)

Caesium persulphate, Cs2S2Os

Sol in H20 8 71-8 98 pts are sol in 1C
pts H20 at 23° (E F Smith, J Am Chen
Soc 1899, 21 935 )

Calcium persulphate

Very sol mH20 (Mai shall, J Soc Chen
Ind 1897, 16 396 )

Copper persulphate ammonia, CuS208, 4NH
Sol in H20 (Baibicn, Z anorg 1911, 7
351)

Lead persulphate, PbS208

Decomp by H2O SI bd m H S04, and i
p^osulphunc acid feol in cold cone HC
Insol or sol with docomp in illoid solvent*
(Fibs, Z Elektrochem 1<MK), 7 345 )

Lead potassium persulphate, K2Pb(S04)3

Decomp by H2() Almost insol in cole
H2SO4 of sp gi =17 SI sol m H2ft04 (sp
gr = 1 7) at 50° hoi m fuming H2S04, cole
cone HC1, excess of cold 20% NaOH-f Aq
acetic acid and m Na acotitc+Aq acidifiec
with acetic acid (Libs, Z Elektrochem
1900, 7 346 )

PERTUNGSTATE, LITHIUM

663

Nickel persulphate ammonia, NiS208, 6NH3
Unstable in the air Sol in H20 with de-
comp (Barbieri, Z anorg 1911, 71 351 )

Potassium persulphate, K2S/)8

100 pts H20 at 0° dissolve 177 pts K2S2O8
more sol m hot H20 with very si decomp
Less sol m H2O than anv other persulphate

(Marshall )

Rubidium persulphate, Kb2S208

Sol in H20 3 32-3 49 pts are sol m 100
pts H20 at 225° (E F Smith, J Am
Chem Soc 1899,21 934)

Silver persulphate, basic, 5Ag202, 24g2S07

Decomp by H2O and acids (Mulder, C C
1899 I, 16 )

Sodium persulphate, Na2S2O8
Very sol in H20 (Lowenherz )

Strontium persulphate

Verv sol in H20 (Marshall, J Soc Chem
Ind 1897, 16 396 )

Thallium persulphate, T12S208

Very sol in H/3 (Smith, J Am Chem
Soc 1898, 21 936 )

Zinc persulphate ammonia, ZnS2Os, 4NH3

Sol in H O (Barbieri, Z anorg 1911, 71
350)

Persulphomolybdic acid
See Persulphomolybdic acid

Pertantahc acid, HTaO4-f nH20

Ppt (Mehkoff, / inorg 1899, 20 345 )

Caesium pertantalate, C\j I i()8

Ppt (1 1< Smith, J 4m Chem bot
1908,30 1()()7)

Calcium potassium pertantalate, CiK 1 aO8-f

po

o

Insol in cold H O, dccoinp by hot H O
(Mdikofl, Z moift 1S9<), 20 $47)

Calcium sodium pertantalate, CaNil

4J4IIO

Difficult!} sol in no (K 1 Smith, J
Am Chem N>< 1()OS, 30 IMS )

Magnesium potassium pertantalate,

MgRIaOs+7H/)
Somewhat sol in H2O (F F Smith )

Magnesium rubidium pertantalate,

MgttbT a08+9H20
Somewhat sol in H20 (E F Smith )

Magnesium sodium pertantalate, MgNaTaOs

H-8HO
Somewhat sol mH20 (E F Smith)

Potassium pertantalate, K8Ta08+HH20

Sol in H2O with decomp , sol in KOH+
H202+Aq, pptd by alcohol (Mebkoff, Z
anorg 1899, 20 346 )

Rubidium pertantalate, R,b3Ta08

Somewhat sol mHoO CE F Smith)

Sodium pertantalate, Na3Ta08+H2O
Pptd by alcohol SI sol m H20, decomp

on heating with H20 (Mehkoff, Z anorg

1899, 20 348 )
NaTa04+NaOTaO4+13H20 Sol m

H202+Aq, pptd by alcohol (Mehkoff, Z

anorg 1S99, 20 349 )

Perhtamc acid

Ammonium pertitanate, (NH4)202, Ti08+

H202
Fairly stable, decomp rapidly in aq solu-

JL- OOJ.J.J OUOiWAC, VLCV»VA4JLJJ jLOtjJi\JLLJ XJ

tion (Mehkoff, B 1898, 31 955 )

Barium pertitanate, BaO2, Ti08+5H2O

SI sol in H2O (Mehkoff and Pissarjew-
sky, Z anorg 1898, 18 59 )

Potassium pertitanate, K2O , Ti03, K204+

10H20

Stable at zero, dehquesces and decomp at
ordinary temp (Mehkoff, B 1S98, 31 680 )

Sodium pertitanate, Na2Ch, Ti03-f3H O
Sol m H2O Pptd in ilcohol (Mehkoff,

B 189S 31 955)
4Na2O2, Ti2O7-flOH2O Decomp byH20

(Mehkoff )

Pertungsfcc acid

Barium pertungstate, B<iO, 2W()a O+bH20
Insol in H2O Decomp bv acids (Kell-
ncr, Disfctit 1909)

Caesium pertungstate,
UHO

, 12WO3, 204-

SI sol in (old, oisilv sol m warm HO
K( llnor )

5Cs/), 12WO3, 24O + llHaO
SI sol m H/) (Kcllnci )

Calcium pertungstate, 3CiC) OWO3, 80 +

8H2O
Sol mH2O (Kollner)

Lithium pertungstate, Li2O, 2WOS, 20 -f-
6H20

fel sol mH2O (Kellnor)

3Li20, 4W08, O+9H2O Sol m H20
Kellner)

664

PERTUNGSTATE, MAGNESIUM

Magnesium pertungstate, 2MgO, 4W08, 60 -f
9H20

Easily sol m H20 (Kellner)

Potassitun pertungstate, K204, W04-fH20

Sol m H20 with decomp , explodes in the
air at 80° (Melikoff, B 1898, 31 634 )

K2O, 2WOS, 4O+4H2O Sol in H20 from
which it is ppt by alcohol and ether (Kell-
ner )

7K2O, 10WO3, 50+22E20 Very si sol
in H2O (Kellner )

Rubidium pertungstate, 2Rb20, 4WOS, 0-f

3H20

Sol m H20 with slow decomp (Kellner )
5Rb3O. 12WO8, 30+12H2O Insol m

H20 (Kellner )

Sodium pertungstate, NaW04+H2O

Very sol in H20 (P6chard, C R 112
1060)

-f-2HaO Sol m HaO but easily decomp
(Kellner)

NaaWAj+eHaO Sol in H O and can
be cryst therefrom (Pissarjewsky, Z anorg
1900,24 113)

Na202, W04+H202, (Na202)W04+7H20
Decomp in the air Sol in H20 with decomp
(Melikoff, B 1898, 31 633 )

Na2O2, W04, H20^ Very unstable De-
comp in the air and by H2O (Mehkoff )

Strontium pertungstate, SrO, 2W03, O+

6H20
(Kellner)

Peruramc acid, UOe, rcH20 (?)
Known only in its salts

Ammonium peruranate, (NH4)202, (U04)2-|-

8H20

Sol in H20, decomp by acids and by
Al(OH)3maq solution (Mehkoff, B 1897,
30 2904)

Ammonium uranyl peruranate,

(N-H4)2(U02)U08+8H20 (?)

Easily sol in H2O
(2)31 134)

(Fairley, Chein Soc

Barium peruranate, BaUO5

As K salt (de Conine k, C C 1909, I
1970)

(BaO2)2U04+8H2O Decomp by H2S04
.and H2C08 (Mehkoff, B 1897, 30 2905 )

BaO2(UO4)2-f9H20 Ppt (Mehkoff)

•Calcium peruranate,

As K salt (de Comnck )

cCalcmm peruranate, (CaO2)2U04+10H2O
Ppt (Mehkoff, B 1897, 30 2906 )

Copper peruranate, (Cu02)2TJO4
Ppt (Mehkoff )

Lead peruranate, (PbO)2U04, PbO, UO3
Ppt (Melikoff )

Lithium peruranate, (Li202)(UO4)2+8H20

Sol m H20, decomp by acids and by
A1(OH)8 ni aq solution, very unstable
(Mehkoff )

Nickel peruranate, (NiO)2U04
Ppt (Mehkoff )

Potassium peruranate, K4U08+10H2O (?)

Unstable (Fairley )

K2UO6 rde Comnck, C R 1909, 148
1769)

+3H20 Decomp by H20, HC1 and dil
HN03 (Aloy, Bull Soc 1903, (3) 29 293 )

Silver peruranate, Ag2U2On (?)
(Guyard, Bull Soc (2) 1 95 )
Does not exist (\kbegoff, A 233 117 )

Sodium peruranate, Na4U08-|-SH2O
Sol inH20 SI sol m alcohol (Fairley)
Na2UO6 As K salt (de Comnck, C C
1909,1 1970)

+5H20 Decomp by H2O and HC1
(Aloy, Bull Soc 1903. (3) 29 293 )

(Na2O2)2U04+8H26 Sol m H2O, de-
comp by dil HC1, H2S04, and by Al(OH)i
in aq solution (Melikoff, B 1897, 30 2903 )

Sodium uranyl peruranate, Na2(UOj)U08+

6H20 (?)
Sol mH,0 (Fairley)

Pervanadic acid, HV04 (?)

Sol m H20 (Pissarjewsky, C C 1902, II
565)

Ammonium pervanadate, NH4V04

Sol mH20 +Aq,insol m ikohol (Schoucr

Z anorp; 189S, 16 294 )

(NH4)3VO6+2^H2O Sol m HO, insol

m ilcohol (Mohkofi, H 1909,42 22<)2 )
(NH4)4V2On Sol in HO +Aq, ppt iiom

aq solution by ilcohol (Mclikoff, Z inorg

189Q, 19 406 )

Barium pervanadate, Ba(VO4)2

SI sol m H/)2+Aq fice fiom H SO4,
msol m alcohol (Scheuer, Z anor^; ISOb,
16 288)

Cadmium pervanadate, Cd(VO4)

SI sol m H^jOj+Aq, insol m alcohol
(Scheuei )

Calcium pervanadate, Ca(V04)2

Sol in H2O2+Aq, msol m alcohol
(Scheuer )

PHOSPHIMATE, BARIUM

665

Lead pervanadate, Pb(V04)2

SI sol in H/) -f Aq free from H2S04, msol
in alcohol (Scheuer)

Lithium pervanadate, LiV04

Sol in H202 -j-Aq, msol in alcohol
(Scheuer )

Potassium pervanadate, KV04

Sol in H>O2-(-Aq acidified with H2S04,
insol in alcohol (Scheuer )

KsVOc-f^J^HoO Sol in H20, msol in
alcohol (Mehkoff, B 1909, 42 2293 )

3K202VO4, 2KVO4+2H20 0855 g is
sol m 100 g H20 at 19°, si sol in KOH+
Aq, very stable m the air (Mehkoff and
Pissarjewsky, Z anorg 1899, 19 408 )

K4V2Oi2+2H20 (Mehkoff and Pissar-
jewsky, rL anoig 1899, 19 411 )

K4V2Oi3+3>$K2O Moderately sol m
H20 with slow decomp (Mehkoff and Pissar-
jewsky, Z anorg 1899, 19 410 )

P2/r0phosphamic acid,

P203(OH)3NH2

Deliquescent ui moist air, easily sol in
H20 or alcohol, si sol m ether (Gladstone,
Chem Soc 3 152 )

Correct composition is imidodtphosphorie

acid, P2NH406 =HO~-PO <^> PO— OH
(Mente, A 248 232 )

Barium pyrophosphamate, Baa(P NH2Oe)2

Sol in HC1 or HN03+Aq, not in HC2H8O2
+Aq (Gladstone and Holmes, Chem Soc
(2) 2 233 )

Silver pervanadate, AgV04

SI sol m H2O2-j-Aq free from H2S04, sol
in alcohol (Si heuer )

Sodium pervanadate, NaVO*

Sol m H2O2 acidified with H2S04, msol
in alcohol (Scheuer )

Strontium pervanadate, Sr(V04)2

SI sol in H2O2+Aq free from H2S04,
insol in ilcohol (Schcucr)

Phihppium, Ph (?)

(Delafontame, C H 87 559 )
Consists of terbium and yttrium (Roscoe,
B 15 1274)

Phosgene, CoCl2
See Carbonyl chloride

Phosphame, PN2H (?)

Insol in H2O Insol m dil HN03+Aq,
gradually decomp by cone HN03 (Hose,
Pogg 24 308) 4fto no N

Insol in cone HW)3 (Pauli, A 123 230 )
Sol m H2S()4 with decomp (Hose )
Insol m dil , but cleoomp by cone KUM
or NaOH+Aq

Insol in alcohol or ( the r
Foimula is perhaps P3N3H4 (Silzmann
B 6 494 )

Cupnc — r

Ppt Decomp by coldKOH-f Aq (Glad-
stone, Chem Soc 3 135 )

Feme , Feo(P*NHo06)2+2H20

Insol in dil acids Sol m cone H2S04,
and decomp by warming Easily sol m
NH4OH+Aq Decomp by KOH-j-Aq
(Gladstone, Chem Soc* 3 142 )

Lead , Pb3(P2NHo06)2+4H,O

Insol inNH4OH+Aq

Potassium , K3P,NH206

Dehquescent Sol in H 0 Insol m
alcohol (Gladstone A 76 85 )

Phosphamic acid,

(Schiff ) ,

Does not exist, but was impure pyrophos

phodiamio acid (Gladstone ) Also Mente

(A 248 245)

Silver -
Ppt

NH206-f-5H 0

Zinc - , Zn3(P2NH 65)2

(Gladstone and Holmes, Chem &oc (2) 2
225)

Phosphamide, PON
See Phosphoryl mtnde
PN2H80
See Phosphoryl imidoamide

rnphosphamide, PON2H6
See Phosphoryl inamide

Tnmetophosphunic acid, P3N3H806

Sol mH20,aq solution does not coagulate
Albumen (Stokes, Am Ch J 1895, 17 275 )

Ammonium fnwetaphosphimate,

Sol in H20. msol m alcohol, unstable
(Stokes, Am Ch J 1896, 18 643 )

Barium Znwetaphosphimate,

-f 6H2O SI sol in H20 Easily sol m
NH4CH-Aq and in NaCl+Aq (Stokes )

666

PHOSPHIMATE, BARCUM SODIUM

Barium sodium inwetaphospliimate,

P.NaOaE.NaBa+lJ'iHiO
Almost insol in H20, easily sol inNH4Cl4-
Aq and in NaCl+Aq (Stokes )

Magnesium ^nwetaphosphunate,

(P3N806H8)2Mg3 (?)
Sol in H20, insol in alcohol, aq solution
decomp on boiling (Stokes )

Potassium £nwetapliosphimate,

Sol in HaO, insol in alcohol (Stokes )

Silver rfnwefophosplumate,

Ppt , sol in NH4OH+Aq, insol in H20,
si sol inHNOs+Aq (Stokes)

a Sodium inraefaphosphimate,

+4H20

18 3 pts are sol in 100 pts H20 at 20°,
very sol in hot H/), decomp by alkali on long
boiling (Stokes )

/5 Sodium tfnwetaphosplumate,

+H20
Sol in H20, insol in alcohol (Stokes )

acid,

P4N408Hs+2H20

Very si sol in H20, decomposes the sol
salts of HC1, H2SO4 and HNO3 (Stokes,
Am Ch J 1895, 17 290 )

100 pts HjO at 20° dissolve 0 64 pt crystal-
lized acid Somewhat more sol in boiling
H2O (Stokes )

100 pts 10% HNOsH-Aq at 20° dissolve
0 26 pt of crystallized acid (Stokes )

Not decomp by boiling alkalies -f-Aq
(Stokes, Am Ch J 1896, 18 785 )

Insol in alcohol (Stokes, Am Ch J
1896, 18 784)

Ammonium ^rawetaphosphimate,
P4N408HC(NH4),

Only si sol in boiling H2O, sol m excess
of hot 5% HN08 (Stokes )

P4N408H4(NH4)4+4H20 Readily sol in
H2O, si sol in NH4OH+Aq (Stokes )

Barium teframetophosphimate, P4N4OaH4B i2

+2H20
Ppt , msol m H20 (Stokeb )

Potassium ^rara<3taphosphimate.

P4N4O8H6K2
SI sol in boiling H^O, sol in cold dil KOH

+Aq (btokes )

P4N408H4K4
(Stokes )

Very sol m H20

Silver teirametaphosphimate, P4N408H4Ag4
Ppt , insol in H20, si sol m HNOs-f Aq
(Stokes )

P4N4O8Ag8 Ppt , sol m NH4N08+Aq
(Stokes )

Sodium Ze£rametophosplumate, P4N408H4Na4

+2^ (?) H20

SI sol in cold H20 Easily sol m hot H20
Ppt from aqueous solution by excess of al-
kali (Stokes )

acid,

/NH PO (OH)NH POCOEQV™.
— PO (OH)NH PO(OH)/NH

PO

Sol iuH20,pptd by alcohol (Stokes. Am
Ch J 1898, 20 748 )

Magnesium pentawetaphosphimate,
(P5N6OioHg)2Mg

Ppt (Stokes )

P5N6Oi0H6Mg2+5H20 Ppt , insol m al-
cohol, almost msol in H20, si sol in cone
acetic acid (Stokes )

Silver perita

Ppt , sol m cold KOH+Aq \uth decomp
(Stokes )

Sodium pentametaphosphimate,

Sol mH20,msol in alcohol (Stokes)
P6N5Oi0H6Na4+2H2O Sol m 80% acetic
acid, pptd by alcohol (Sfcokes )

acid

Silver Ae:ca?netaphosphimate, P6ISoOi H6Ag6

Ppt , decomp b> cold KG IT-} Aq (Stokes.
\m Ch J 180S, 20 7o7 )

Sodium /iea;ametophosphimate, 1>(N(()1

+2H2O
Sol mHO, j)ptd by ihohol (Mokes)

Phosphine

See Hydrogen phosphide

acid,

P2N2H6O5==P2O3(OH)
Ddiqucbunt P i&il\ sol in II (), ihohol,
01 other Sol in cold <om IljS()4 \vithout
lecomj) ^Glidbtom, Cluiii So< 3 ir>i)

Cone ct composition is </imii<lor//phob]>honc
uid, P N21I4(>4+H20-
(Mtntt )

Aluminum pyr ophosphor/iamate

Piecipitito Sol m NH4()ll-f\q
n acids f Gladstone, \ 76 b2 )

(ONH4)

Ammonium •

Very deliquescent in moist an Sol in

Very
Schiff,

A 103 168)

PHOSPHOARSENIOVANADICOVANADIOTIINGSTATE, AMMONIUM 667

Barium ps/rophospho&amate,

Precipitate
NH4QH + Aq

SI sol in H20 Sol

(Gladstone )

Calcium - , CaP205(NH2)2

Insol in NH4OH+Aq Sol in NH4C1+
Aq and acids (Gladstone and Holmes )

Lead -

Ppt Decomp by H^O

Magnesium -
Ppt (Gladstone and Holmes )

Silver - , Ag2P/)6(NH,)2

SlsolmH20 Sol mHNOs+Aq (Glad-
stone and Holmes )

Strontium -

Sol in acids and NH4Cl+Aq Insol in
NH4OH+Aq (Gladstone and Holmes,
Chem Soc (2) 4 295 )

Zinc - , ZnP206(NH2)2
Ppt (Gladstone and Holmes )

Pyrophosphoinanuc acid, P2N3H704 =

P208/

OH

'(NH2)3

Decomp bv boiling H2O or HC1 Sol in
cone H2SO4 upon heating

(Gladstone and
Holmes )

Correct formula is HO-PO<>PO—
NH2 =tanidoffophospho?nonamic acid
(Mente, A 248 241)

Ammonium p^/rophospho/naniate,

P n

P2°3 a

(GUd&tono and Holmes )

3(NII )a
Insol m H2O

Barium - , JJaP2NjH ()4

BaH2(P2NJI6O4)2 Duomp by HCl+Aq
(Gladstone, C he in Sex 4 () )

Cobaltous --- , CoP

Slowly dcHomp by dil H2SO4-fAq, not b>
HCl+Aq (Glid •stone and Holmes, Chem
Soc (2) 4 1 )

Cupnc

Insol m II2O or NH4OH+Aq (Gladstone
and Holme s, Chorn Soc (2) 4 1 )

Ferrous - , *eH0(P2N3H304)2

Insol m dil acids (Gladstone, Chem Soc
(2) 4 1 )

Lead - , H2Pb3(P2N8H3O4)2

Ppt (Gladstone and Holmes, Chem Soc
(2) 4 1 )

H4Pb2(P N»H,002 Ppt (G and H )
H6Pb(T2N3H304)2 (G andH)

Mercuric ^rophosphoinamate,

Hg2P2N3H304

Insol in H20 or dil HC1 or HNOs+^q
(Gladstone and Holmes, Chem Soc (2) 4 1 )

Platinum , Pt2P2N3H304

Decomp by HoO when freshly pptd (G
andH)

Potassium , KP2N3H604

Almost msol m H20 (Gladstone, Chem
Soc 4 10)

Silver , Ag3P2N3H404

Ppt SI attacked by HC^H^Oa, decomp
by HN03 01 NH4OH+Aq into—

AgH2P2N3H4O4 Insol in H20 Decomp
bv HC1 (Gladstone, Chem Soc (2) 4 1 )

Zinc

Insol in H20 (Gladstone and Holmes )

jPeiraphosphocfaamic acid, P4N2HsOii =

P o (°H)4
P4°7(NH2)2

Known only as NH4 salt
Ammonium ie^aphosphoeiiamate,

P4O

04H(NH4)3

(NH2)

Very dehqiioscent, and sol in H20 CGlad-
stone 'j

Ammonium ^hydrogen ^eiraphospho^amate,

VT _po04H2(NH4) (0

— 1 4(J7 )

Insol m cold, tabil} sol in hot H 0 and dil
icids (Gladstone )

Tetraphosphotetramic acid,

Sol in HO Into] m ilcohol (Glidstom )

Ammonium /c/yc/phospho/r hamate.

p () (O HNH4)

l4°7(NH2)4

Sol mil/), ind pit cipitatod fiom solution
by ilcohol (OrJadbtont )

Silver - , \K6P4N4H409
Ppt

Ag H4P4N4H4C)9 Ppt

Ammonium phosphoarseniovanadico-
vanadiotungstate

See Arsemophosphovanadicovanadiotung-
state, ammonium

68

PHOSPHOAZOTIC ACID

netra$hosphopentazotLC acid,

Insol in HaO Decomp gradually bv b cli-
ng with H20 (Gladstone )

(NH2)4
NH

acid

Decomp by H2O (Gladstone )

'upnc tetr
(Gladstone, Chem Soc (2) 6 261 )

(Gladstone, Chem Soc (2) 6 261 )

>otassmm

Insol in HoO (Gladstone, Chem Soc (2)
268)

>liosphobonc acid, H3BO3, H3PO4=BP04
+3H20

Not decomp by boiling H20 or cone acids
lol in boiling solution of caustic alkalies
Vogel, N Repert Pharm 18 611 )

^hosphochloroplatmous acid.

P(OH)3, PtCl2
See Chloroplatinophosphoric acid

Jhospho chromic acid

Lmmomum phosphochromate, 3(NH4)20,

P2O6, 8CrO3-hH2O

Sol in H«0 with decomp (Fnedheim, Z
norg 1894, 6 284 )

phosphochromate, 2K2O, Pa06,
4CrO3+H20

Sol in H20 but cannot be cryst therefrom
athout decomp Can be cryst without de-
omp from H20 containing phosphoric acid
Fnedheim )

3K20. P205, 8CrO3 Sol in H2O but
annot be cryst therefrom without decomp
Blondel, C R 1894, 118 194 )

^hosphohypophosphotungstic acid

phosphohypophosphotung-
state, 9K20, Na20, 4P O5, 2PO2H3,
26W03+23H20

Precipitate Easily sol in hot H20
Gibbs, Am Ch J 7 313 )

acid,

Known only in its salts (Gladstone )

Silver tetraphosph.otetnmida.te
Ppt (Gladstone )

Phosphoiodic acid, P205, 18I/)6-f 4H20

Decomp by H20 (Chretien, A. ch 1898,
(7) 16 389 )

Ammonium phosphoiodate, 4(NH4)2O, P2O5,

18I206+12H20

Sol m H2O SI sol in cone H3P04+Aq
(Chretien )

Lithium phosphoiodate, 3LioO, P206, 18I205+

11H20

Sol in H2O SI sol in cone H3P04+Aq
(Chretien )

Potassium phosphoiodate, 4K 0, P206,

18I206+5H20

Decomp by a small amt of H20, sol in a
large amt SI sol in cone H3P04+A.q
(Chretien )

Sodium phosphoiodate, 6Na20, P206, 18I205

+5H20

Sol in H2O SI sol in rone H3P04+Aq
(Chretien )

Phosphomdic acid
See Chlorophosphoiridic acid

Phospholuteotungstc acid, H6PW8O29
See uTider Phosphotungstic acid

Phosphomolybdic acid, PaOs, !SMoO3

"Phospholuteomolybdic acid "

Dehquescent Sol m H20 m all piopor-
tions (Kehrmann, Z anorg 1894, 7 418 )

3H20, P206, 20Mo08+21H2O Very sol
in H20 Sol m ether By ( vapoi ition of
HoO solution crystals with 44H (), or horn
a strong solution in cone HNO3-f-Aq, with
19H2O, are obtained, also crystals with 3S,
ind 48H20 are known (Dcbiav, C R 66
704)

According to Rammolsberg (B 10 177b)
formula is 3H2O P2O6, 22Mo()3

Accoidmg to Gibbs (Am Ch J 3 317)
formula ib 3H2O, P2O , 24MoOaH-59H2O

f mkcner (B 11 1638) giv<s the formula as
3HO, P205, 24Mo03+58H2O, ilbo with
29H20

P2O6, 20MoG8+52H2O Sol m dry ether
with evolution of heat, and subsequent scpai-
ation into two layers, the uppei consisting of
pure ethei, and lowei of a solution of acid in
ether Sp gr of lower layer, when sat at
13°, is 1 3 On warming lower layer, ether
separates out and forms an upper layer 1 his
redissolves on cooling and shaking 1 he lower
layer is insol in HoO and miscible with al-
cohol

PHOSPHOMOLYBDATE, AMMONIUM CADMIUM

100 pts ether thus dissolve 80 6 pts acid
at 0°, 84 7 pts at 8 1°, 96 7 pts at 19 3°,
103 9 pts at 27 4°, 107 9 pts at 32 9° (Par-
mentier, C R 104 688 )

P205, 22MoO3+57H20, and +58H20
(Pohl, Dibsert 1906 )

P206, 23Mo03+6lH20 (Pohl )

P206, 24Mo08+61H/) (Miolati, C C
1903,11 789)

+64H20 (Pohl )

Dtphosphopentamolybdic acid,

, P205, 5Mo03

Not known in free state

Ammonium phosphomolybdate, (NH4)20,
P205, 2Mo03+2H20

(Meschoner, Dissert 1894 )

2(NH4)20, P206, 4MoO8+5H20 (Fried-
heun, Z anorg 1894, 6 33 )

+bH20 (Perlberger, Dissert 1904 )

(NH4)3P04, HMo03+6H20

Formula is (NH4)3P04, 10Mo03+l^H20,
according to the older authorities

Scarcely sol in H20 or aqueous acid solu-
tions Easily sol in ammonia, and alkalies -f-
Aq (Svanberg and Struve, 3 pr 44 291 )

It is almost completely msol in a mixture
of (JNH4)2Mo04+Aq, and dil HN08+Aq
Absolutely msol in a dil nitric acid solution
of ammonium niti ate (Richters, Z anal 10
471)

Solubility is increased even in presence of
ammonium molybdate and free HNO3 by
HC1, ammonium, and other chlorides, tar-
taric acid, or Hrge quantities of ammonium
oxalate or citrate Not precipitated in pres-
ence of excess of H3PO4 (Fresemus, Z anal
3 446)

Sol in 10,000 pts H/) at lf>°, in 6600 pts
H2O containing 1 vol % HNO^, in 550 pts
HCl+Aq of 1 12 sp gi , m b20 pts alcohol
of 080 sp gi , in 190 pts HNO,+Aq (sp
gr =-12) at 50°, m 5 pts cone H,SO4 at 100°,
m 3 pts NH4O1I + Aq oi 0 95 sp gr (Lggert/,
J pr 79 496)

Sol m 21 180 pts H2O, iS,117 pts dil
alcohol, and 13,513 pts stiong alcohol
(Hehnor, \iial} st, 1879 23)

\ccordmk to bonnensc hun, the solubility is
increased by much H/) oi dcohol, ilkalme
hydroxides, carbon itos, ortho-, pyio-, and
metaphosphates, sodium borate, hyposul
phate, thiosulphatc , acetate, arscnate, and
arscmtc, potassium sodium taitiate, ammo-
nium oxalate, orthophobphonc acid, and sul-
phuric acid It is not increased by ammo-
nium molybdate or sulphate, potassium sul-
phate, acid tartiate, acid oxalate, nitrate, or
chlorate, iodide, chloride, or bromide, sodium
bromide or nitrate, nitric, h\diochloric, boric,
tartaric, oxalic, and dilute sulphuric acids
(Sonnenschem, J pi 53 342 )

Sol in hot H20 Sol in cold caustic
alkalies, alkali carbonates, and phosphates,

NH4C1, and (NH4)2C2O4+\q, si sol in
(NH4)2S04, KN08, and KCl+Aq, very si sol
in NH4N08+Aq Sol in K2S04, Na2SO4,
NaCl, MgCl2, H2S04, HC1, and cone or dil
HN08-|-Aq

Presence of (NH4)2MoO4 totally changes
the effect of acid liquids, msol in dil HN03or
H2SO4+Aq containing (NH4).Mo04, but
somewhat sol m HCl+Aq, even m presence
of that salt Tartaric acid and similar organic
substances totally prevent the piecipitation
of this salt (Eggertz in Fresemus' Quant
anal )

5(NH4)20, 48Mo03, 2P2O6+17H20 =
3(NH4)20, 24MoO3, P,O6+2(NH4)2O, HA
24Mo03, P2Ofi+16H20 Formula of above
salt according to Gibbs

3(NH4)20, 22Mo03, P205+9H20, or
12H2O

8(NH4)20, H20, 60MoO3, 3P206+11H20
SI sol mH20

3(NH4)20, 16Mo03, PoO«+14H20 Insol
in cold, sol with decomp m hot H20 Sol
mNH4OH-t-\q (Gibbs, Am Ch J 3 317)

5(NH4) 0, P/)fi, 16MoO3 (Meschoirer,
Dissert 1894)

3(NH4)A P2O6, 18Mo03+14HoO Sol
m H20 Ihe aqueous solution is stable at
ordinary temp for several days, but when
\\armed ordinary ammonium phosphomol} fa-
date separates (Kehrmann, Z anorg 1894,
7 414)

3(NH4)20, P208, 2SMoO3+8H2O 100 g
H20 dissolve 0 0238 g at 15° 1 pt is sol at
15° in 4206 pts H20, 7300 pts 5% NH4N08+
Aq, 4930 pts 1% HNOa+Aq (de Lucchi,
Rass Mm 1910, 32 21 )

9(NH4)20, 2P2O6, 28MoO3+8H2O (Mcs-
choirer, Dissert 1894 )

Ammonium cfophosphopenZamolybdate,

2fNH4)3PO4, 5MoO3+7H O - 3(NH4) A
5Mo03, P20 4-7H2O

Easily sol in hot, less in cold H2O (Zenl -
nci, J pr 58 256 )

5(NH4)A H20, 10Mo03, 2P()5+6H»0
= 3(NH4) O, 5MoO , Pa06+2(NlIO O, H O,
5Mo()3, P Ofi+foH O Sol m H O (Gibbb,
Am Ch J 1895, 17 87 )

+8H O (Peilboi&ci )

4-1SII/) (Ma//uch(lli and / ingnlli,
Giz/ oh it 1010 40 (2) 55 )

5(NH4)2O, PaO5, 10MoO3+13H2O, and
+14H2O (Perlberger, Dissert 1904 )

Ammonium barium phosphomolybdate,
3(NH4) O, 30B iG, P O6, iOMoOj
Insol precipitate (Seligsohn, J pi 67

478)

Ammonium cadmium phosphomolybdate,
5(NH4)A CdO, PA, 6MoOa+SH O

(Perlberger, Dissert 1904 )

3(NH4)2, 2CdO, 2P Ofi, 9MoO3 j 141H O
CPeilborger )

670

PHOSPHOMOLYBDATE, AMMONIUM COBALTOUS

Ammonium cobaltous phosphomolybdate,
(NH4) A 2CoO, P205, 5MoOrfH-10H20

Decomp by cold H2O Sol m acids and
hot H2O (Arnfeld. Dissert 1898 )

4(NH4)2O, CoO, 2P2O6, 10Mo03+12H20
SI sol in cold, easily sol m hot H2O (Arn-
feld )

Ammonium manganous phosphomolybdate,
(NH4)20, 2MnO, P2O5, 5Mo03+20H2O

Decomp by H2O, but dissolves clear on
heating ( Arnfeld )

4(NH4)20, MnO, 2P205, 10Mo03+13H 0
(Arnfeld )

5(NH4)20, lOMnO, 2P20S, 20Mo034-
10H2O Very si sol in H2O (Gibbs, Am
Ch J 1895, 17 87 )

Ammonium nickel phosphomolybdate,
(NH4)20, 2NTiO, P2O6, 5Mo03-f-10H20

Decomp by cold, but sol in hot H2O
(Arnfeld )

(NH4)2O. NiO, 2PO6, 10MoOs+12H,0
Very sol in H2O (Arnfeld )

Ammonium potassium phosphomolybdate,
6(]SH4)20, 15K20, 2P206, 60Mo03+
12H20

Sol in H20 Insol in alcohol (Sehgsohn,
J pr 67 477)

Ammonium sodium phosphomolybdate,

6(NH4)>0, 15Na20, 2P205, 60Mo03-f-
18H20
Sol in much boiling H2O Insol m alcohol

(Sehgsohn, J pr 67 474 )

Barium phosphomolybdate, 3BaO, P205,

24MoO3+zH20
Moderately sol in cold, very easily sol in
hot H O Decomp m aqueous solution at
ordinary temp on standing (Kehrmann,
Z anoig 1894, 7 414 )

Csssium phosphomolybdate, 3Cs20, P/X,

6MoO3+8H2O

Ppt (Ephraim, Z anorg 1910,65 240)
2Cs20, P/)5, 14MoO3+3H O Difficultly

sol in H2O (Ephraim )

3Cs2O, PsOfi, 21MoO3f4HO (')

(Ephriim )

Calcium potassium phosphomolybdate, 2GaO,

3K2O, 2P2O5, 10MoO(JH-22H O
(Fnedhcim, Z anorg 1893,4 203)

Cobaltous phosphomolybdate, 2Co(), P/) ,
^H 0

(Arnfeld, Dissert 1898 )

3CoO, P205, 5MoOs-H6
H20 Extremely sol m H,O (\rnteld)

3CoO, P206, 18JMoO3+38HO Sol m
H20 (Arnfeld )

3CoO, P20fi, 24Mo03+5bHoO, and-f 60H2O
Sol inII2O (Arnfeld)

Cobaltous potassium, phosphomolybdate,
K20, 2CoO, P206, 5Mo03+15H20
(Arnfeld )

4K20, CoO, 2P206, 10Mo03-H12H2O SI
sol m cold, easily sol m hot H20 (Ainfeld )

jphomolybdate, 24Mo03,

:3)4(N02)2]20,

Croceocobaltic

P206, [Coi

21H20

SI sol in cold, easily m hot H20
Am Ch J 3 317)

(Gibbs,

Gold phosphomolybdate ammonia, 12Au203,

7PoO6, 3Mo03, 24NH3+21H2O
Insol in H20 (Gibbs, Am Ch J 1895,
17 172)

Gold sodium phosphomolybdate ammonia,
5Au203, Na20, P206, HMo03, 15NH3+
10H20
Sol indil HC1 Almost msol mNH4OH+

Aq (Gibbs )

Lead phosphomolybdate, 23PbMo04, P206,

2PbPO4+7H20

Sol in 500,000 pts H20 Insol m NH4OH
+Aq Fasily sol m KOH, NaOH, or HN03
-|-Aq, somewhat less sol m HC2H3O2+Aq
i^Beuf, Bull Soc (3) 3 852 )

Lithium phosphomolybdate, 12Li2O, 4P205,

5Mo03H-18H2O
Part] ally sol m H2O (Ephraim, Z anorg

1909, 64 233 )
3Li»O, P2O6, 5MoO,, + 16H2O Ppt

(Ephraim, Z anorg 1910, 65 233-6 )
31 120, P205, 5Mo03 + 17H O Ppt (F )
51 120, 2P206, 8MoO3+2SH 0 1^ wh sol

m H20 fE )

3Ii20, P205, 12MoO,4-18H2O Ppt (]« )
3Ii20, P205) 18MoG3-h27H2() Sol m

H20 (E )

Manganous phosphomolybdate, 3Mn(), P O5,
5MoO3+20H2O

Very sol m H2O 81 sol in ilcoliol (Aim-
fold)

3MnOf P()6 ISMoOs+iSlLO Sol m
H20 ( \rnfeld )

SMriO, POr, 24Mo()1 + r)Sir(), ind+W)
H2O Fisily sol in 11 O f Ainh Id )

Manganous potassium phosphomolybdate,

2Mn(), n\ O, 2P O , lOMoO, f iOIE O
Sol mhotH2O fAinfdd)

Manganous sodium -*1 -1* *~ vij A

7MnO, <JNiO, ' HO

Nearly msol m cold H20 Sol in boiling
F£2O but decomp then by (Gibbs, \rn Ch
J 1895, 17 S5 )

Nickel phosphomolybdate, 2Ni(), P ()5,
4MoOa+sH>O

Ppt (\rnfeld)

3NiO, P206, SMoOi-f^OHjO Decomp bv
H2O (Arnfeld )

PEOSPHONITRYLATE, SILVEB

671

3NiO, P206, 18Mo03-f34H20 Sol in
H20 (Arnfeld )

3NiO, P206, 24MoO,+58HjO, and+60H2O
Efflorescent Sol in H2O (Arnfeld)

Nickel potassium phosphomolybdate, K20.
2NiO, Po06, 5MoOs+13H,0

Deoomp by cold H2O, but goes into solu-
tion by boiling (Arnfeld )

4K2O, NiO, 2P205, 10Mo03-f-12H20 Sol
in H2O (Arnfeld )

Potassium phosphomolybdate, K3P04,

-3K20, P205, 22MoO3

Insol m H2O Easily sol m alkalies
(Svanberg and Struve )

100 g H20 dissolve 0 007 g at 30° , 100 g
10% HNOs-Kq dissolve 0204 g at 30°
(Donk, Bull 90, Bur of Chem , U S Dept
of 4gnc 1905 )

According to oldei authorities the formula
is K3PO4, 10MoO,+lV$H8O

-f 6H20 (Rammelsberg )

2K2O, H20, 24Mo03, P/)5-h3H 0 Rl sol
in cold EUO

5K2O, H20, 44Mo03, 2P2O6+21HoO
(Gibbs Am Ch J 3 317)

3K20,P206, 18Mo03H-llH20, and+15H20
(Ehas)

+ 14H2O SI sol in cold, verv easily sol
in hot H20 Can be ciyst from hot H 0
(Kehrmann, Z anoig 3894, 7 416 )

3K2Q, P/)6, 17MoO,+12H20 Moder-
ately sol in H2() (Mi is, Dissert 1906 )

5K2O, P Or, 17MoO,-hi?H O Aqueous
solution dec omp r ipidl> m the fold (Kehr-
mann, Z anorg 1S94, 7 423 )

4K2O, 2HO, <)Mo()4, P
(Zenkner )

5K2O, H O, lOMoO, P/
ily sol in H O (R unmoIsbciR, H 10 I77t) )

6K2O, lr)Mo(),, P2()r Insol in H O Sol
in KOH+Aq (R imim Isbcicj )

KO, P()f 2Mo()i-fHIIO Viivsol in
H20 a<n«lhnni Z inoijr 4 2S7 )

2K O, P O 4Mo(),-hSlI <> »S<>1 in H>()
(Fnedhcnn )

Potassium (hphosphop< /i/amolybdate, il\ O,
P O , 5M»()i-h7H O

Sol m Jf O, pmipit it«l by I[Nr(){ or KC1
H-Aq (/diknoi, J pi 58 2(>1 )

2K O, P O p)MoO,+l>H O (I ludhdin )

Potassium
2K,PO
(Debriv, (

nitrate,

K 66 700 )

Rubidium phosphomolyb dates

7Rb2O, P06, 22Mo03+12H2O, 3Rb20,
P205,20A/[oO,-M2H20,bRb 0/P2O6, !SMo03
+ 10HoO, 5Rb2O, 2P206, 9MoO3-hl3H20,
7Rb2O, 3P205, 10Mo03+15H2O (Lphraim,
Z anorg 1910, 65 237 9 )

Silver phosphomolybdate, 7Ag20. P20g,
20Mo03+24H20

Ppt Sol in dil HNTOa+Aq, forming—

2Ag20 P^OB, 20MoO3+7H20 SI sol m
H20 (Rammelsberg )

Formula of hrst salt is —

7Ag20, 22Mo03, P206-f 14H20 Sol in hot
H20. but solution is quickly decomp (Gibbs,
Am Ch J 3 317)

7Ag20, P206, 24Mo03 Ppt (Miolati, J
pr 1908 (2) 77 451 )

Silver ^p ^-r „

Ag6Wo5P2023-f7H2Q
Easily sol mH20 (Debra^,C ft 66 70o )

Sodium phosphomolybdate

Sol in H20 and HNO3+Aq (Sonnen-

schem, A 104 45 )

Na20, 5H 0. P20fi, lSMoOs+zH2O
2Na26, 4H 6, P206, 18Mo03+zH2O
3Na20; P206, 18MoOi+26EjO (Fned-

heim )

3NaA P206, 24Mo08+42H 0 (Rosen-

heim and Pmsker, Z anorg 1911, 70 79 )

Sodium ^phosphoperifomolybdate, 3Na20,

P206, 5Mo03-f-14HoO
Easily sol in H2O (Debray )

Sodium auramine phosphomolybdate, Na20,

5Au203, 2P05, HMoO., 15NH3
Sol m hot H2O Very sol in hot HC1
(Gibbs, Am Ch J 1895, 17 171 )

Metaphosphomolybdic acid

Ammonium wo/zometophosphomolybdate,
3(NEI4) 0, 4NH4P03, 10Mo08-f-9H2O
Very sol in H O (Gibbs, Am Ch J 7
:592)

Barium /lexame^aphosphomolybdate, BaO,

BajfPOaV 14Mo()«H-55irO
Sol iriHO (Gibbs)

Pwophosphomtrylic acid, P HN()i =

P o,«H

N"ot 1 nown in firo st it(
Ammonium p/yrophosphomtrylate,

Insol but giaduallv decomp by
(Gladstone )

Potassium , KP2N04

Insol m H2O (Gladstone )

Silver , AgP2N04

Ppt

672

PHOSPHONITRILIC CHLORAMIDE

(Tnphosphomtnlic chloramide,

P8N3C14(NH2)2

Sol in H2O without decomp , sol in ether,
alcohol, si sol in benzene (Stokes, Am Ch
J 1895, 17 287 )

Ttophosphomtrilic feZrachlorhydnn,

Sol m ether, alcohol, and H20 insol m
benzene and CS2 (Stokes, Am Ch J 1895,
17 286)

Tnphosphonrtrilic chlonde, P8N3Cl6

Sol in glacial acetic acid and H->S04 100

pts ether dissolve 46 5 pts at 20° (Liebig )
Insol m light petroleum, sol in benzene

(Stokes, Am Ch J 1S97, 19 783 )

TeZraphosphorutrilic chlonde, P4N4Cls

Sol m alcohol, ether, benzene, H2S04 SI
sol in H2O ^ith decomp 100 pts ether dis-
solve 12 3 pts at 20° (Stokes, Am Ch J
1895, 17 281 )

Pentaphosphonitnlic chlonde,
PJST.Clio

Sol in benzene, light petroleum, acetic
acid, ethei, CS2, insol in H20 (Stokes, Am
Ch J 1897, 19 790 )

Hezaphosphonitrilic chlonde, (PNCWe =

Sol in benzene, light petroleum, ether,
CS2, insol m H20 (Stokes )

fleptaphosphomtrihc chlonde,

-

Sol in benzene, light petroleum, ether,
CS2 insol m H/), sol m alcohol with decomp
(Stokes )

PoZj/phosphonitrilic chloride,

Depolymenzes on distillation, insol m
ben/ene and light pcti oleum ind all nouti il
solvents, sol m HA) \\ith decomp (Stoke b )

Phosphomtnlochloramide, P;N Cli(NHj)

Slowly sol in H2O with docomp Insol
in ethei and CS SI sol m boiling CCli
(Besson and Rosset, C R 1008,146 1140)

Phosphomum bromide, PH4Br

Decomp wolentlyfrv H/)

Phosphomum chlonde, PH4C1
(Ogier, Bull Soc (2) 32 483 )

Phosphomum titanium chloride, 2PH4CJ.

31iCl4

Decomp bv H20, HC1, 01 alkalies +Aq
R ose)

Phosphomum iodide, PH4I

Decomp by H20, alkalies, alcohol, etc
(Rose, Pogg 46 636 )

Decomp by PCI (Wilde, B 16 217 )

Phosphomum sulphate ( ?)

Deliquescent, very unstable (Besson,
C R 109 644)

Phosphoramide, P(NE2)S

Insol IQ NH4Br, 3NH8, sol in NH4I, 3NHS
(Hugot, C R 1905, 141 1235 )

PhosphorJnamide, PONSH6

See Phosphoryl inanude
Phosphoric acid, anhydrous, P2Os

See Phosphorus pentoxide
Metophosphonc acid, HPOa

Sol m H20 Not isolated (Fleitmann.
78 362 )

Po

eliquescent Sol m H20, but aqueous
solution decomp into H3P04, slowly in the
cold, but more rapidly on heating Cone
solutions decomp more rapidly than when
dil CGiran, A ch 1903, (7) 30 203 )

Insol in liquid CCh (Buohnei, Z phys
Ch 1906, 54 674 )

Dtmetophosphonc acid, H2P206

Not isolated (Fleitmann )
Tnmetaphosphonc acid, HsPsOg

Sol m HoO, the solution is permanent m
the cold, but on evaporation it is qiuckh de-
romp to HsP04

Tetrametaphosphonc acid, H4P4Oi2

Not isolated

Hexametaphosphonc acid, HflP6Oi8
(Glacial phosphonc acid )

Deliquescent, cibily sol in 11 () with evolu-
tion of heat and convusion into I[J>()4 Not
easily sol m picbciui of slight impuntus

Insol m liquid NH (Gon \ni Ch J
1S9S, 20 S2S }

Or^ophosphonc acid, H3P04

Vciy HO! m il^O

100 pts of the holution (out tin it
2()2r 2702° 2042° 2077°
()5() ()r)9S Oh 15 ()()llpfs 11,1*04,

i() T) 42 ^0° (nipt )
97 S 9S-4S 100 ptb IMM),,
(Smith and Menzies, J Am Chem Soc 1909,
31 1186)

See aho 10H8P04+H20, and 2H8P04-f
H20

Sp gr of HsPO4-i-Aq containing

10 20 30 40 50 %P205

11 1 23 1 39 16 1 85

(Dalton )

PHOSPHORIC ACID

673

Sp gr of H3P04 +Aq

Sp gr ofHaP04+Aqatl7 5°

Spgr

%P06

Sp gr

% P206

Sp gr

% P206

A

Sp gr

&

Sp gr

P\

Sp gr

1 508
1 492
1 476
1 464
1 453
1 442
1 434
1 426
1 418
1 401
1 392
1 384
1 376
1 369
1 356
1 347
1 339

49 60
48 41
47 10
45 63
45 38
44 13
43 95
43 28
42 61
41 60
40 86
40 12
39 66
39 21
38 00
37 37
36 74

1 328
1 315
1 302
1 293
1 285
1 276
1 268
1 257
1 247
1 236
1 226
1 211
1 197
1 185
1 173
1 162
1 153

36 15
34 82
33 49
32 71
31 94
31 03
30 13
29 16
28 24
27 30
26 36
24 79
23 23
22 07
20 91
19 73
18 81

1 144
1 136
1 124
1 113
1 109
1 095
1 081
1 073
1 066
1 056
1 047
1 031
1 022
1 014
1 006

1789
16 95
15 64
1433
13 25
12 18
1044
9 53
8 62
7 39
6 17
4 15
303
1 91
079

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

1 007
1 014
1 021
1 028
1 036
1 044
1 053
1 061
1 070
1 078
1 086
1 095
1 103
1 112
1 120
1 129
1 139
1 148
1 158
1 168
1 178
1 188
1 198

24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46

1 208
1 219
1 229
1 240
1 250
1 261
1 272
1 282
1 293
1 304
1 315
1 326
1 338
1 350
1 362
1 374
1 386
1 398
1 410
1 423
1 436
1 448
I 462

47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68

1 476
1 491
1 505
1 521
1 536
1 551
1 566
1 581
1 597
1 613
1 629
1 645
1 661
1 677
1 693
1 709
1 725
1 741
1 758
1 775
1 792
1 809

(Watts, C N 12 160 )

Specific gravity of H3P04+Aq containing
6 12 18 %H3P04,
1 0333 1 0388 1 1065

24 36 54 %H3P04
1 1163 1 2338 1 3840
(Schiff, \ 113 183 )

Sp gr of H8PO4+Aq at 15° a=sp gr if %
is P/)£, b= sp gr if % is H3P04

(Eager, Adjumenta varia, Leipzig, 1876 )

Table for correction to be added or subtracted
for 1° change in temperature

%

a

b

%

a

b

% P£>6

Corr

% P206 Corr

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

1 009
1 017
1 025
1 032
1 039
1 047
1 055
1 063
1 071
1 080
1 089
1 098
1 106
1 115
1 124
1 133
1 142
1 151
1 161
1 171
1 182
1 192
1 202
1 212
1 223
1 233
1 244
1 254
1 265
1 277

1 0054
1 0109
1 0164
1 0220
1 0276
1 0333
1 0390
1 0449
1 0508
1 0567
1 0627
1 0688
1 0749
1 0811
1 OS74
1 0937
1 1001
1 1065
1 1130
1 1196
1 1262
1 1329
1 1397
1 1465
1 1534
1 1604
1 1674
1 1745
1 1817
1 1889

31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60

1 288
1 299
1 310
1 321
1 333
1 345
1 357
1 369
1 381
1 393
1 407
1 420
1 432
1 445

1 1962
1 2036
1 2111
1 2186
1 2262
1 2338
1 2415
1 2493
1 2572
1 2651
1 2731
1 2812
1 2894
1 2976
1 3059
1 3143
1 3227
1 3313
1 3399
1 3486
1 3573
1 3661
1 3750
1 3840
1 3931
1 4022
1 4114
1 4207
1 4301
1 4395

10-14
15-25
26-35

0 00035
0 0004
0 00052

36-45 0 00068
46-55 0 00082
56-68 0 001

(Hager )
Sp gr ofH3P04-j-Aq

G equivalents
H3P04 per litre

t°

Sp gr t°/t°

0 002572
0 005142
0 01025
0 02042
0 03056
0 04065
. "07
0 10046
0 19951
0 29716
0 49057
0 5070
5 0700

17 714
17 706
17 685
17 683
17 687
17 704
17 663
17 696
17 749
17 701
17 719
17 58
17 84

1 001552
1 0003051
1 000595
1 001158
1 001708
1 002252
1 002790
1 005412
1 010560
1 015584
1 025469
1 02627
1 25162

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1894, 63 29 )

Miscible with cone HC2H302-hA.q Sol
m 30 pts warm creosote
1 cc of a sat solution of ether in H20 dis-
solves 0 0886 grams H3P04

(Schiff, calculated by Gerlach, Z anal 8 ^92)

674

PHOSPHORIC ACID

1 cc of a sat solution of H*O m ether dis-
solves 0 000033 grams HsPO*

Solutions of HaPO4 in H20 containing less
than 0 434 grams acid per 1 cc lose an insig-
nificant amount of acid to ether when agi-
tated therewith (Berthelot, C R 1896, 123
345 )

The composition of the hydrates formed by
HSPO4 at different dilutions is calculated from
determinations of the lowering of the fr -pt
produced by H3P04 and of the conductivity
and sp gr of H8PO4+Aq (Jones, Am Ch
J 1905, 34 331 )

10H8P04H-H2O Solubility m H2O
100 pts of the solution contain at

24 11° 24 38° 24 40°

9478 9480 94 84 pts H3P04,

24 81° 25 41° 25 85°
9495 9526 95 54 pts H8P04
(Smith and Menzies. J Am Chem Soc 1909,
31 1186)

2H8P04+H/) Solubility in H20
100 pts of the solution contain at
°

16 3

76 7

0 5° 14 95°

78 7 81 7

24 03° 27 0°

85 7 87 7 pts

29 15° 29 35° (mpt )

90 5 91 6 pts H8PO4,

28 5° 27 0° 25 41°

92 5 93 4 94 1 pts H8PO4

Retroflex part of curve
(Smith and Menzies, J Am Chem Soc 1909,
31 1186)

Pj/ropliosphonc acid (.^phosphoric acid),

H4P207

Very sol in H20 The solution may be
kept without change, but on heating it is
converted into H3P04

The acid in solution gradually changes to
H3P04; the conveision being more rapid with
more concentrated solutions (Montemartim
and Lgidi, Gazz ch it 1902, 32 (1) 381 )

Phosphoric acid, EsPuOg (?)

Sol in H20 ( Joly, C R 100 447 )

Phosphates

The phosphates of NH4, K, Na, 1 1, Cs, and
Rb are sol in H->0, \\ith the exception of
certain metaphosphates, the other phosphates
•excepting neutral Tl salts, are nearly insol in
H2O, excepting when an excess of H3PO4 is
present The latter are all sol mHN03+Aq

(a) Metaphosphates

Afonometaphosphates Only alkali mono-
metaphosphates are known, and the}' are all
insol in H20

.Dunetaphosphates Alkali dimetaphos-
phates and some doublt salts containing an
alkali as one of the bases are sol in H2O, the
rest are si sol or insol in H2O

ZVwnetaphosphates All salts are sol in
H2O

T^rametaphosphates The alkali salts are
sol in H20, the others are insol

JJezametaphosphates The alkali salts are
sol , the others insol , in H^O, but are mostly
sol in Na hexametaphosphate+Aq

(6) Orthophosphates K, Na, Li, Cs, and
Rb orthophosphates are sol in H2O All the
others are insol in H20, but sol in excess of
H8P04, and HNO3H-Aq, less easily sol in
HC2H802-hAq Pb, Al, and Fe2 phosphates
are msol in HC2H802-f-Aq SI sol in NH4
salts 4-Aq, especialh NH4Cl-|-Aq, from which
solution the} are pptd by NH4OH-}-Aq
Orthophosphates insol m H2O are also msol
in an excess of alkali orthophosphates H-Aq

All orthophosphates are msol , or very si
sol m alcohol

(c) Pyrophosphates Mkali pj rophos-
phates are sol in H20, the otheis are msol
m H20, but are mostly sol m an excess of Na
pyrophosphate-h \q

Aluminum metaphosphate, Al2(P03)r>

Insol in H20 and cone acids (Middiell,
A 61 59)

Aluminum ort/iophosphate, basic, 3Alj03,
P205+18H20

Mm ISvansite

4A12O3, 3P2O5 + 18H20 Ppt Insol m
H2O (Rammelsberg )

2Alj08, PiOt

+3H20 Mm Angehte

+5H20 Mm Kalaite (Turqiwiv) Sol
in HCl+Aq

+6H20 Decomp bv H/) (Haute fcuille,
J pr (2) 37 111 )

Mm Pegamte MOK 01 less so] in 1IC1,
and HNOs+Aq

+8H20 Ppt (Mum DC, A 169 27S )

Mm Fibcherite SI ittick«l by I Id 01
\q, sol mHjS()i+Aq
j, ^P O6-f-8H2O, or UH () Sol m
acids, even aftci ignition (Millot, C K 82

" )

-h!OH2O Mm CwultolfictiU Sol in
acids

+ 12H»0 Mm Wavdkte

Aluminum or^Aophosphate, \1

Crystalline Not attacked by c one HC1 or
HNOs+Aq, difficultly b> hot cono H S04
(de Schulten, C R 98 1583 )

Ignited A12(PO4) is si decomp by H20. so
that solubility determinations are vinaole
For an extended discussion, see original paper
(Cameron and Hurst, 1904, 26 898 )

PHOSPHATE, AMMONIUM

675

+4H2O Easily sol in mineral acids, insol
in acetic and other organic acids Easily

x?L 01 ^P114^ but ls reprecipitated by
NH4Cl-f-Aq Sol mNH4OH-f\q Sol in
a large amount of alum+Aq (Rose), in
aluminum acetate and othei aluminum salts
+Aq (Fleischer, Z anal 6 28) More sol
than ferric phosphate in ammonium oxalate
or citrate -f-Aq (Millet )

Acid 1NH4 citrate +Aq dissolves 3% of the
P2Ofi, neutral NH4 citrate-hAq dissolves 66%
of the P2O5, ammoniacal NH4 citrate-f-Aq
dissolves completely m 25 mm (Erlenmeyer,
B 14 1869 )

Sol in NH4OH-hAq, especially in presence
of alkali phosphates (de Koninck, Z anal
23 90)

!N ot pptd in presence of alkali tartrates or
citrates, sugar, glycerine, etc

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann. B
1910,43 314)

Mm Vansctie Very quickly sol in warm
cone HCl+lq

-f-5H2O Mm Zepharowtchite

+8H2O Mm Gibbsite

Aluminum or^ophosphate, acid, 2A1203,

Insol in acids after being ignited (Millot,
Bull Soc (2) 22 244 )

+4H2O, and 6H20 Insol in H20 or alco-
hol (Hautefeiulle and Margottet, J pr (2)
37 111)

A12O3, 2P O5+8H20 Insol m acids or
aqua regia after being ignited (Millot )

2A12O3, 5P2O6-f 14H2O Decomp by cold
H2O into —

4A1208, 7P206+9H20 Decomp by hot
H2O (Erlenmeyer, A, 194 200 )

A12O3, 3P2O5-f-3HO=Al2(H2P04)6 Deli-
quescent, completely sol m a little cold
H2O, and cone solution can be boiled without
decomp , but dil solution (1 20) separates
A12(PO4)2 on boiling, which redissolves on
cooling, the more quickly the more dilute the
original solution (Kilenmeyer, A 194 198 )

Aluminum 7;//r0phosphate, A14(P 0?)3 +
10H2O

Precipititc Sol in mineral acidb, and
Na4P2O -j-4q, insol in acetic acid Sol m
KOH+Aq, sol in NH4OH+Aq, but when
dissolved m HCl+Vq is npiecipitated by
NH4OH+\q, incl is not redissolved m an
excess thoi oof (bchvvirzenberg, A 66 147)

Sol m alum-f-Aq (Rose, Pogg 76 19)

Aluminum pyrome ta phosphate, A.1203, 2P2Os
(Hautefeuille and Margottet, C R 96
849)

Aluminum ammonium cfohydrogen ortho phos-

phate, NH4H2P04, A1P04
Partially decomp by H 0 Sol in acids
and alkalies Nearly insol in 50% acetic acid
(Cohen, J Am Chem Soc 1907, 29 720 )

Aluminum calcium phosphate, Al O3, 3CaO,

Mm Tavistockite

2A1203} 6CaO, 3P 06+3H 0 Mm Kirro-
lite

Aluminum calcium phosphate sulphate,

3A1203, SOS, Ca3(P04) +6H20
Mm Svaribergite Scarcely attacked bj
ndonl\ si

Aluminmn ferrous magnesium phosphate,

(Mg, Fe) AJ2P2Oio+4H 0
Mm Childrenite Slowly sol mHCH-\q
Mm Eosphonte Sol in HN03 or HCl-h

^q

(Mg, Fe)y2P2O9+H20 Min Lazulite
Only si attacked by acids, when not pre-
viously ignited

Aluminum lithium phosphate, 41 (P04)2,
4Li3P04+30H20

Precipitate (Berzelius )

Insol in ELO, easily sol in acids

Aluminum magnesium phosphate

Mm Lazuhte

See Phosphate, aluminum ferrous mag-
nesium

Aluminum potassium phosphate, 11 Os, K*0,
2P2Os

Insol m acids (Ouvrard, A ch (6) 16
289)

24J20 , 2K 0, 3P 05 (Ouvrard )

Aluminum silver wetaphosphate, 2A1203,

Ag20, 4P20B

(Hautefeuille and Margottet, C R 96 849,
1142)

um sodium pi/rophosphate,

ui H 0 and acids (\V allroth )

Nearlv insol m acids (Ouvrard \ ch
(6) 16 338 )

2A1 0«, 3Na20, 3P 05 Sol in HN03+ \q
(Ou\ rard )

A14(P207)3, 2Na4P07+30HO

Very difficultly sol m H 0 (Pahl, Bull
Soc (2)22 122)

Aluminum phosphate lithium fluoride,

2A1 (P04)2, 3LiF

Mm Amblygomte SI attacked by HCl-f
Aq, more easilv by H2S04-HAq

Ammonium metaph.osph.ate, NH4POd

Insol mH2O (lleitmann, Pogg 78 345)

Ammonium dimetapbosphsite, (NH4) (P03)2

Sol m 1 15 pts cold or hot H20 (Fleit-
mann, Pogg 78 245 ) More bol m dil
alcohol than Na or h. salt

676

PHOSPHATE, AMMONIUM

Sol in 09 pts H20, easily sol in acids
especially b> boiling with cone H2S04
(Glatzel, Dissert 1880 )

Ammonium tnmetaph.ospha.te, (NH4)sPs09

Ver> sol in H2O (Lnidbom, Acta Lund
1873 15)

Ammonium tetrametaphosphate,
(NH4)4P4O12

Sol in H20 (Warschauer, Z anorg 1903,
36 177)

+4H2O Much more sol in H^O than the
K or Na salt 1 pt is sol m 8 pts H20
(Glatzel, Dissert 1880 )

Ammonium pentametaphosphate,

100 g H20 dissolve 131 g at 15°, sp gr
of sat solution =1 343 (Greenish and
Smith, Phann J 1901, 66 774 )

Solubility in, H5P04+Aq at 25°

In 3000 g of the solution mols

NH4

PQ4

6 42
6 46
6 56
6 78
7 26
7 16

3 23

3 74
4 01
4 34
4 83

4 82

Sol in EkO (Tammann, J pr 1892, (2)
45 455)

Ammonium dekametaph.ospha.te,
(NH4)ioPioO8o

Very si sol in H20, 100 g H20 dissolved
1 20-1 54 g m 2 months Easily sol HI hot
HoO with decomp (Tammann, J pr 1892,
(2) 46 448 )

-H2H20 (Tammann, J pr 1892, (2) 46

(D'Ans and Schreiner, Z phys Ch 1910, 76
105)

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899
II, 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329 )

Ammomum ^"hydrogen orlAophosphate.
NH4H2P04

Does not effloresce

Less easily sol in H20 than (NH4)2HP04
(Mitscherhch, A ch 19 385 )

Sol m 5 pts cold, and less hot H20

Solubility in H8P04+Aq at 25°

3kOO )

Ammonium orthophosphaiQ, ( NH4) 3PO 4 +
3H,O
Difficultly sol ID H20
Less sol m H,O than (NH4)2HP04 (Ber-
zelms )
Insol m alkalies +Aq (Berzehus )
SI sol m H20 Decomp in the an
(Schottlander, Z anorg 1894, 7 344 )

Solubility in HsP04+Aq at 25°

In 1000 g of the solution mols

NH4

P04

6 72
5 62
4 62
2 72
2 50
2 58
2 76
3 06
3 10

4 54
3 88
3 36
2 59
2 51
4 29
6 21
7 70
7 8b

In 1000 g of the solution mols

(D;Ans and Schreiner, Z phys Ch 1910, 76
106)

Insol m acetone (Pidirunn, C C 1899,
11 1014, Nuimann, B 1901,37 4i><) )

Ammonium oriAophosphate, acid
Decomp into NH4H2P04 at 77-78°
(Parravano and Mieli, Gazz ch it 1908, 38,
II 536 )

NH4

P04

7 42
5 02
2 95
3 04
3 32
4 78

0 084
0 20
0 46
1 02
1 32
2 32

(D'Ans and Schreiner. Z nhve Ch 1910. 76

105)

Insol m acetone (Eidraann, C C 1899,
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329 )
+5H2O (Sestmi, Gazz ch it 9 298 )

Ammonium hydrogen or^ophosphate,
(NH4)2HP04

Easily sol m H2O Effloresces to form
NH4H2P04 (Schiff, A 112 88 )

Sol m 4 pts cold, and less hot H2O Solu-
tion loses NH3 by boiling Insol m alcohol

Ammomum p^/rophosphate,

Easily sol in H2O Alcohol prx < ipit it(b it
from the aqueous solution (hr hwir/diberg,
A 65 141 )

In&ol in acetone (Eidnunn, C C 1899,
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329 )

Ammonium hydrogen pz/rophosphate

(NH4)2H2P207

Very sol m H20 Insol m alcohol
[Schwarzenberg, A 65 141 )

PHOSPHATE, AMM03STIUM MAGNESIUM

677

Ammonium barium inraetaphosphate.

(NH4)BaP3Ofl+H2O
Easily sol in HoO (Lmdbom )

Ammonium cadmium ctaetaphosphate,
(NH4)20, CdO, 2P206+3H20 =

(NH4)2Cd(PA02
Efflorescent CFleitmann, Pogg 78 347 )

Ammonium cadmium or £fto phosphate.

NH4CdP04+l^H20
Easily sol m NH4OH+Aq and acids
(Drew son, Gm K Handb 6*e Aufi III 74)

Ammonium calcium cfometaphosphate,

(NH4)2Ca(P2O6),+2H20
Very si sol in H^O Not decomp by
acids (Fleitmann, Pogg 78 344 )

Ammonium calcium phosphate, ]SH4CaP04+

tely decomp by cold
by hot H20 (Lasne,
131 )

Ppt (Herzfeld and Feuerlem, Z anal 20
191)

+7H20 Not com
H2O in % hour, rapid
Bull Soc 1902, (3) 2

Ammonium chromium or^ophosphate, basic,

5(NH4)H P04, 2CrP04, 4Cr(OH)s
(Cohen, J Am Chem Soc 1907,29 1196)
(NH4)2HP04, 2CrP04+3H20 Ppt

(Cohen )

Ammonium chromic pz/?0phosphate,

NH4fCrP207)+bH/)

SI sol m cold H O Decomp by boiling
H2O (Rosenheim, B 1915, 48 586 )

Ammonium cobaltous wetaphosphate

Extremely sol in H20 and in NH4OH+Aq
(Persoz, J pr 3 215 )

Ammonium cobaltous or/Aophosphate,

NH4CoPO4+H O
Not decomp bv boiling H>0 (Debray, J

Pharm (3) 46 121 )

+12H20 Ppt (Chancel, 1862 )
Co(NH4) H2(PO4)2+4H 0 Insol in H20

(Debray )

Ammonium copper ctaetaphosphate,
(NH4)2P,06, CuP 0«+2H20

Very si sol in H>O, msol in alcohol
(Fleitmann, Pogg 78 345 )

+4H2O Efflorescent Veiy si sol m
H2O, msol m alcohol (F )

Sol in 50 pts H2O Slowly attacked b)
acids Only boiling H SO4 attacks easily
(Glatzel, Dissert 1880)

Ammonium glucmum 0r£A0phosphate,

NH4G1P04
Insol in cold, si sol in hot H20 (Rossler
Z anal 17 148)

Ammonium glucinum sodium orl^ophosphate,

(NH4)2GlNa2(P04) +7H20
(Scheffer, A 109 146 )

Ammonium iron (ferrous) orMophosphate,
NH4FeP04-fH20

Insol even m boiling H20 When still
moist, easily sol m dil acids, but sparing!}
and slowly sol after drying, even m cone
acids Decomp bv NH4OH, KOH, and
NfaOH+Aq Insol in alcohol COtto, J pr
' 409)

(NH4)2FeH (P04)2-f 4H20 (Debray )

Ammonium iron (feme) hydrogen ori^ophos-
phate, basic, 2(NH4)2HP04, 3FeP04,
3Fe(OH)3

Ppt Insol m 95% alcohol (Cohen, J
Am Chem Soc 1907, 29 719 )

Ammonium iron (feme) hydrogen or^ophos-
phate, NH4H2Fe(P04)o

Ppt Same properties as Na salt (Wein-
land, Z anorg 1913, 84 356 )

Partially hydrolvzed by H20 Readily sol
in HC1, HN03, H2S04 and H3PO4 Partially
hydrolyzed by cold NH4OH-hAq Sol m
excess of hot NH4OH+Aq Completelv
tiydrolyzed bv caustic alkalies Practically
msol in 50% acetic acid (Cohen, J \m
Chem Soo 1907, 29 718 )

Ammonium lead efoweiaphosphate,

(NH4)oPb(P206)2

Very difficultly sol in H 0 and acids
(Fleifcmann, Pogg 78 343 )

Ammonium lithium wetaphosphate, Li O,

2(NH4)0, 3P05+SH20
Not appreciably sol in cold H2O but
rapio!ly and abundantly sol in H20 at 70
(lammann, J pr 1892, (2) 45 442 )

Ammonium lithium phosphate, (NH4) LiP04
SI sol mHjO (Bei7elius)

Ammonium magnesium

(NH4) 0, 2MgO, 2P 06+ 9H 0 ( >)

Sol with difficulty m H 0 or acidb \\hen
heated Easily sol m H 0 before heating
(Waoh, Sch\\ J 59 29 )

Precipitated from aqueous solution b\
alcohol

Ammonium magnesium ctaetophosphate,

(NH4).Mg(P,0B) -f6H20
Efflorescent (Fleitmann, Pogg 78 34b )

Ammonium magnesium phosphate,
NH4MgP04, and -h6H20

1 1 H20 dissolves 66 mg anhydrous
NH4MgP04 at 15° (Fresemu^, A 55 109 )

1 1 HoO dissolves 74 1 mg anh> drous
NH4MgP04 at 20 5-22 5° (Ebermayer )

678

PHOSPHATE, AMMONIUM MAGNESIUM HYDROGEN

1 1 H20 dissolves 106 mg anhydrous
NH4MgP04 (Liebig )

Insol in H2O, but when boiled with H^O it
loses NH3 and H20 (Struve, Z anal 1898,
37 485)

Solubility of NH4MgP04+6H20 in H2O at t°

t°

G salt in 100 g HaO

0
20
40
50
60
70
80

0 0231
0 0516
0 0359
0 0303
0 0401
0 0163
0 0195

(Wenger, Dissert Geneva, 1911 )

Aqueous solution is precipitated by
NH4OH, but not by Na2HPO4+Aq (Fre-
semus)

Sol in 44,600 pts H2O containing am-
monia More sol in H20 containing NH4C1,
and is sol in 7548 pts of a solution containing
1 pt NH4C1 to 5 pts HO and ammonia, and
in 15,627 pts of a solution containing 1 pt of
NH4C1 to 7 pts H20 and ammonia (Fre-
senius )

According to Kremers (J pr 55 190), a
solution of 3 pts H20 to 1 pt NH4OHH-Aq
of 0 96 sp gr is best suited for washing the
precipitated NH4MgPO4

According to Ebermayer (J pr 60 41),
1 pt anhydrous salt is sol in 13,497 pts
H/) at 23°, in 31,098 pts NH4OH+Aq (4
pts H2O Ipt NH4OH+Aq of 0 961 sp gr)
at 21 25°, in 36,764 pts NH4OH + Aq (3 pts
H2O 1 pt NH4OH+Aq) at 20 6°, m 43,089
pts NH4OH+\q(lpt H20 Ipt NH4OH +
Aq) at 225°, in 45,206 pts NH4OH+4q
(1 pt H20 2 pts NH4OH + \q) at 22 5°, m
52,412 pts NH4OH+Aq (1 pt H20 3 pts
NH4OH+Aq) at 225°, in 60,883 pts pure
NH4OH+Aq (sp gr 0961) at 22 5°

AJmost absolutely msol in H2O containing
M vol NH4OH+Aq (sp gr 0 96) and NH.Cl,
^ e j much more msol than givon by Fresemus
(Kubel, Z anal 8 125 )

According to Kissel (Z anal 8 173), 1 1
NH4OH-fAq(3pts H20 Ipt NH4OH+Aq
of 0 96 sp gr ) dissolves 4 98 mg in 24 hours,
while 13 9 mg are dissolved if IS g N"H4C1 to
a litre of H2O are also present

(NH4)2SO4+Aq containing 2 2 g per litre
dissolves 71 7 mg , 3 0 g , 113 mg , 10 g ,
147 mg , NaCl+Aq containing 2 g NaCl per
1 dissolves 123 4 mg , NaNOa-f Aq containing
3 g NaNOs per 1 dissolves 93 1 mg (Liebig,
A 106 1%)

Completely insol in water containing am-
monium phosphate or ammonium sodium
phosphate (Ber/elms )

800 com H20, sat with CO2, dissolve 1 425
g (Liebig )

Easilv sol in H2S03+Aq, acetic and other

acids, also in boiling solution of ammonium
citrate (Millot, Bull Soc (2) 18 20 )

When in presence of Fe or Al salts it is sol
to a consideiable extent in H2C4H406H-Aq

6 g NH4C1 in 100 com H20 containing 10
ccm 634% NH4OH+Aq dissolve pptd salt
=*00029 g Mg2P207 1 g (NH4)2C204 m
100 ccm H20, and NH4OH+Ac; dissolve =
0 0061 g Mg2P207 2 g citric acid in excess
of NH4OH+Aq dissolve =0 0147 g Mg2P207
Solubility prevented by excess of magnesia
mixture (Lindo, C N 48 217 )

Solubility of NH4MgP04+6H20 m salts -f-Aq
att°

(G salt dissolved in 100 g solvent )

t°

5% NH4NOs
+Aq

5%
NH<Cl+Aq

1 pt NH4OH
(D =0 96)
+4 pts HaO

0
20
30
40
50
60
70
80

0 1100
0 0463
0 0546
0 0645
0 0723
0 0846
0 0834
0 1009

0 0597
0 1055
0 1133
0 0713
0 0931
0 1728
0 1239
0 1913

0 0087
0 0098

0 0135
0 0153
0 0174
0 0178
0 0145

t°

4%NH4OH+Aqand
5%NH4Cl+Aq

4%NH4OH+Aqand
10% NH4Cl+Aq

SO
60

0 0165
0 0274

0 0541
0 0731

(Wenger, Dissert Geneva, 1911 )

About 3 times as sol m Ca(C2H3O2)2+Aq
as m NaC2H3O2-f Aq, but solubility is pre-
vented by excess of MgCl2 (Villo, Bull Soc
(2) 18 316

SI sol m ammonium citrate -f-Aq contain-
ing 400 g ammonium utnt( m i litre
Solubility = 0 457% at ord temp md 0
at 50° fBoks, Ch Z 1903, 27 1151 )

Mm Struvite

+H20 Insol in H2O or citno acid-f \q
(Millot and Maquenne, Bull Soc (2) 23 238 )

Ammonium magnesium hydrogen orthophos-

phate, (NH4)2MgH2(PO<)2+3H O (0
(Graham )

Ammonium magnesium phosphate,

5MgO, (NH4) A 2P205+24H/)
(Gawalovskv, C C 1885 721 )

Ammonium magnesium sodium pyrophos-

phate, nsnE4)3Mg6Na(P207)4
Insol in HjO and not decomp thereby
(Berthelot and Andre", A ch 1897, (7) 11
185)

PHOSPHATE, AMMONIUM SODIUM

679

Ammonium manganous dkmefaphosphate,
(NH4)2Mn(PO3)4+4H20

Relatively easily attacked by acids (Glat-
zel, Dissert 1880 )

+6H20

Efflorescent (Fleitmann, Pogg 78 346 )

Ammonium manganous or/fopliosphate,
NH4MnP04+H20

Sol in 32,092 pts cold, and 20,122 pts
boiling H20. and m 17,755 pts NH4Cl+A,q
(1 4% NH4C1) (Fresemus )

+7H20 Insol in H20 below 70°, at 70°
100 g H2O dissolve 0 0052 g salt, at 80°,
0 0067 (Wenger, Dissert Geneva, 1911 )

Easily sol in dil acids Decomp by
KOH+Aq, but not by NH4OH+Aq or
K2COs-|-Aq Insol in NH4OH or NH4 salts
+Aq (Gibbs )

Solubihty in salts -f Aq at t°
(G m 100 g solvent )

Ammonium nickel ortfiophospliate,

(Wenger, I c )

(Naumann, B 1904, 37

Insol in alcohol
Insol in acetone
4329)

Ammonium manganic pyrophosphate,

NH4MnP2O7-HH,0
Deeomp by cold H20 with separation of
Mn2O3 (Rosonhoim, B 1915, 48 584 )

Ammonium manganous sodium p?/rophos-
phate, NH4

Insol in H O or ilcohol Fasilv sol in very
dil acids (Otto, J pr 2 418 )

Formula is Na4(NH4)4Mn,(P207)3 +
1211^0, aceoidmg to Ber7cliub

Ammomum mercuric wetaphosphate

Sol in H20, or at least m NH4OH+Aq
(Perso/, J pr 3 210 )

Ammonium nickel ??ietaphosphate

Insol m H2O Sol in NH4C)H+Aq, from
which it is i epptd on evaporation of the NH
(Persoz, J pr 3 215 )

Ammonium nickel cfowetophospliate,

(NH4)2NiP4Oi2-f4H20
Sol in 12 5 pts H20 (Glatzel, Dissert
1880)

Ppt (Debray, C R 69 40 )
+6H20 Decomp by boihng H20 (De-
>ray)

Aitunonium potassium efowetophosphate,

(NH4)ioK4(P206)7

More • sol in H20 than following salt
Fleitmann, Pogg 78 341 )
' JSTH4K:3P4012+2H2O Difficultly sol in
H20 (Fleitmann )

Ammonium potassium pyrophosphate,

Deliquescent Sol in H20 Decomp on
soiling (Schwarzenberg )

Ammonium sodium $Mwe£aphosphate,

t°

NEUlsfo 3

+Aq

w?u

Ipt NH4OH
D=096
-K pts HaO

0
20
30
40
50
60
70
80

0 0206
0 0200
0 0226
0 0209
0 0226
0 0270
0 0281
0 0326

0 0020
0 0255
0 0345
0 0386
0 0355
0 0384
0 0414
0 0451

0 0116
0 0122

0 0118
0 0132
0 0193
0 0191
0 0197

More sol m H20 than Na2P206, but less
than (NH4)2P 06 Less sol in alcohol than
in H20 (Fleitmann, Pogg 78 340 )

Ammonium sodium or£A0phosphate,
(NH4)2NaP04+4H20

Decomp by H20 Cryst from 1STH4OH+

From H20 solution,

separates out (Uels-
(2) 99 138 )
(Naumann, B 1904, 37

(Herzfeld, Z anal

Easily sol in H20
1 pt boilmg H/)

Sol m 6
Insol m

Aq of 096 sp
NaNH4HP044-4l .
mann, Arch Pharm

Insol in acetone
4329)

+5H20

NH4Na2P04+12H20

20 191 )

(NH4)6Na(P04)2+6H20 Sol m HO with
decomp Cryst from hot cone NH4U±l-j-Aq
(Uelsmann, Arch Pharm (2) 99 138 )

Ammonium sodium hydrogen phosphate (Mi-
crocosmic salt), NH4NaHPO4+4H2O

Efflorescent
pts cold, and
alcohol XTTT „

Aqueous solution gives off NJI3, especially

Insol in acetone (Fidmanii, C C 1899,
II 1014)

Mm Stenonte

+5H20 (Uelsmann )

Ihe composition of the hj drates foimed by
this salt at diffeient dilutionb is cilculated
from determinations of the lowering of the
fr -pt produced by the salt -xnd of the con-
ductivity and sp gr of its aqueous solutions
(Jones Am Ch J 1905, 34 319 )

(NH4)8Na8H6(P04)4+3H20 Decomp by

H20 (Filjiol and Senderens,, C R 93 388 )

Ammonium sodium p?/rophosphate,

(NH4)2Na2P2O74-5H2O
Easily sol in H,0 Aqueous solution de-
comp by boiling (Sch\sarzenberg, A bD

142 )

-j-6H20 (Rammelsberg )

680

PHOSPHATE, AMMONIUM SODIUM GLUCINUM

Ammonium sodium gl

(NH4)2Na2Gl(P04)2+7H2O
Precipitate (Scheffer )

Ammonium thallous orf/iophosphate,

(NH4)3PO4, (NH4)2T1P04, orH2NII4PO4,
HT12P04
Sol in H20 (Lamy, Rammelsberg )

Ammonium uranyl phosphate,
NH4(IJ02)PO4+zH20

Insol in H2O and HC H302+Aq Sol in
mineral acids, from which, it is precipitated
bv NH4C2H802+A.q, m which it is insol
(Knop)

+3H20 Insol in H20 and acetic acid
Sol in all mineral acids, oxalic acid and
M2CO8+Aq (Lienau, Dissert 1898 )

Ammonium vanadium phosphate
See Phosphovanadate, ammonium

Ammonium zinc cfometaphosphate,

(NH4)2Zn(P206)2+6H20
Efflorescent (Fleitmann, Pogg 78 347 )
+4H2O Sol in 70 pts H2O Decomp by

H2SO4 (Glatzel, Dissert 1880 )

Ammonium zinc or^ophosphate, basic.
3NH3, 2ZnO, P206+-8H20

(Rothei, A 1S67, 143 356 )

4(NH4)20, 6ZnO, 3P206+4H2O (Schweik-
ert, A 1868, 145 57 )

Ammonium zinc or/ftophosphate, NH4ZnP04

+H20

Insol in H20 Sol in acids, and caustic
alkalies (Bette, A 16 129 )

Ammonium zinc hydrogen phosphate,
NH4H2P04, ZnHP04+H20

Insol in H2O (Debray )

4(NH4)2O, 6ZnO, 3P2O, (Schweikert, A
146 57)

3(NH4)2O, 4ZnO, 2P2O6+13H2O (Rother,
A 143 356)

Ammonium phosphate selenate
See Selenophosphate, ammonium

Barium ^nphosphate, 5BaO, 3P/)a

Insol in H2O, insol in acids after heating
to a high temp (Schwarz. Z anorg 18Q5, 9
264)

Barium we/aphosphate, Ba(PO3)2

Insol in II O or di( acidb (Maddroll, A

61 61)

Not decomp by boiling with acids or alkah

carbonates +Aq (Fleitmann, Pogg 78 352)

Barium teetaphosphate, BaP2O6+2H20

More difficultly sol m H2O than Ba3(P3O9)2
Shghtly attacked by boiling cone HCl+Aq
or HNOa+Aq Fasily decomp by H2S04
(Fleitmann, Pogg 78 254 )

Barium frwetapbosphate, Ba8(P3O9)'>+2HoO
Somewhat sol in H20 (Fleitmann, A. 66

313)

+6H20 Easily sol in HCl+Aq (Lmd-

bom )

1 1 H20 dissolves 2589 g at ord temp

(Wiesler, Z anorg 1901,28 198)

Barium Aezawetophosphate, BasPeOis CO
Sol in H20 only after boiling several hours
Nearly insol m H^O (Ludert, Z anorg

5 15)

Insol mNH4Cl-fAq (TV ackenroder )
Sol in NaePeOis-f Aq Sol in HN03+Aq

After ignition it is nearly insol m HNOs+Aq

Barium or^ophosphate, Ba3(P04)

Precipitate Very si sol or insol in H20

^Graham, Pogg 32 49 )
Sol in HCl+Aq Decomp by S02+Aq
Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B

1909, 42 3790 )

Barium hydrogen phosphate, BaHP04

Sol in 10,000 pts H20 (Malaguti, A ch
(3)51 346)

Sol m 20,570 pts H20 at 20° (Bischof,
1833)

Not completely soluble in water containing
CO2, but BaCl2 causes no ppt in Na2HP04+
Aq containing 7 16 g or less Ni2HPO4 m a
litre after it has been saturated \\ith C02
(Setschenow, C C 1875 97 )

Easily sol in H3PO4+Aq, and dil HC1+
Aq HNOs+Aq of 1 275 sp gr if not diluted
has scarcely any solvent action, but more dis
bolves on dilution until a in i\imum is ic uhcd,
when 10 vols of H2O have been added
(Bischof, Schnv J 67 39 )

Sol m 367-403 pts uotio iud (1 032 sp
gr) at 225° (Bischof, / c)

Easily sol in H2O contunmg NHtCl,
NH4NC>3, or NH4 siucmatc, fiorn \\hi( h solu
tions it is completelv pptd bv NII4()U+Aq
fRose )

Insol m Na2HPC)4 or Ba( 1 + \q (Robe,
Pogg 76 23 )

More sol in BiClj 01 NciCi+Acj thin in
HO, 1 pt BaHPO4 bomg sol in \ Jh2 pts
H2O containing 1 2% N iCl ind 0 S'^ H i( 1
(1 u<lwiR Arch Pharm (2) 56 2()r> )

Sol in Na citrate +Aq ^Spillc i ^

Barium ^e/rahydrogen phosphate,

BaH4(PO4)

Sol m H,O (MitschdlKh, 1821 )
Decomp by much \12() into HiIIl>()4

Sol in phosphoric and otitun othoi \ncls

(Berzelms, \ ch 2 15* )

Barium p2/rophosphate, Ba^PjOy+rH/)
Somewhat sol in H20, m much H4P207+

Aq, also m HCl+Aq or IIN03 -f-^Vq Insol

m HC2H302+Aq or Na4P2O7+Aq (Schwar

zenberg )

Insol in N"H4Cl+Aq (Waokenroder )

PHOSPHATE, BORON

681

Barium hydrogen ps/rophosphate, BaH2P207,

BaoP2O7-f3H/)
Ppt (Knorre and Oppelt, B 21 773 )

Barium tetfraphosphate, Ba3P4Oi3

Insol m HoO or acids when strongly heated
(Fleitmann and Henneberg, \ 65 331 )

Banum manganic pyrophosphate,

Ba(MnP207)2+5H20
Almost msol in H20 (Rosenheim, B
1915,48 585 >

Banum potassium inwetaphosphate,
BaKP309-fH20

Much less sol m H2O than NH4BaP309 or
NaBaP3O9 (Lindbom )

Sol m HCl+Aq after ignition

Banum potassium or^opliosphate, BaKP04
Insol m H20 (Ouvrard, A ch (6) 16

297)

+10H20 (deSchulten, C R 96 706)

Banum sodium cfawefophosphate.

BaNa/P O0)2-f 4H20
(Glatzel, Dissert 1880 )

Barium sodium Jnraetophosphate. BaNaP308
+4H2O

More eisily sol m H2O than Ba3(P309)2
Sol m acids, unless ignited (Fleitmann and
Henneberg; A 65 314 )

Efflorescent Sol m HCl+Aq after igni-
tion only by lon^ boiling When fused it is
easily sol in IIC1 f Aq (Lmdborn, Acta
Lund 1873 21 )

Barium sodium orMophosphate, BaNaP04+
10H20

(deSchultcn, C U 96 706)

Not attacked by cold but dccomp by hot
H20 ( Villa ib,C R 104 1103)

SI sol in H,() (Quart noli, C A 1911
2375)

Banum sodium pT/rophosphate,
Ba4Na4(PO7),

Sol in hot HC1 and HN"03 (iammann,
J pr 1892, (2) 45 4h9 )

6Ba;P2O7, :Na4P207+6H20 Completely
msol m Na4P2O7 + 4q, but not msol m H20
or NH4OH + \q Easil} sol in HN03 or HC1
+Aq Insol in alcohol (Baer, Pogg 75
164)

Banum uranous raefophosphate, U02, BaO,

P206
(Colam, A. ch 1907, (8) 12 142 )

Banum uranyl ortfiophosphate,

Ba(U02)2(P04)2+8H20
Mm Uranocurcite

Banum jphosphate chlonde, 3Ba3rPO4)2,
BaCl2

Mm Barytapntite (Deville and Caron, A
ch (3) 67 451 )

4BaH4(P04)2, BaCl2 (Frlenme\ er, J B
1857 145)

ISBaO, 6P206, BaCl2+GH20 (0 Sol in
18,000 pts coldH20 Much moie sol mH2O
containing BaCl2, NH4C1, and NH4OH
(Litdwig Arch Pharm (2) 56 271 )

Bismuth ortfophosphate, basic, 2BiP04,

3Bi203

Insol in H20 Sol in HCl+Aq (Cavazzi,
az7 ch it 14 289)

Bismuth ortfwphosphate, BiP04

Insol ui H20 or HN08+Aq SI sol in
NH4 salts+Aq CChancel, C R 50 416 )

Not decomp by H20 Other phosphates
qf Bi are deeomp by H2O (Montmaitmi.
C C 1900, H 1256 )

NothvdiolyzedbyhotHoO,sl sol inBiCl
+ 4q; decomp by boiling alkah (Caven,
J Soo Chem Ind 1897, 16 30 )

More sol in HCl+Aq than in HN03+Aq
(Rose )

Sol mlJO (NOs^-f^q (M'Curdy, Am J
Sci (2) 31 282 )

Insol mMNOs-Kq

Insol m Bi salts +A.q (Rose, Pogg 76
26)

Sol mNH4Cl+A.q,butmsol mNH4N03+
Aq (Brett, 1837 )

-fl^H20 (Kuhn)

+3H20 Ppt Decomp bj H2S or KOH
+Aq (Vamno, J pr 1906, (2) 74 151 )

Bismuth pz/rophosphate, basic, 2Bi Os, P O5
Tnsol in H2O and HC H,0 f \q sol in
hot HC1 and HNO8+ A.q Insol in Va4P O7
+ \q, and NH4 citiate+\q (Passermi,
Cim 9 84)

Bismuth p?/r0phosphate, Bi4(P O )3

Insol m HO or HNO3+\q (Cham el,

C R 50 416 ^

Decomp bvH2O (Walhoth, Bull Soc (2)

39 olb)

Sol in Na4P 07 + \q ^trome\ er )

Bismuth sodium p^ophosphate, NaBiP O

+3H20

Insol in H20 (Rosenheim, B 1915, 48
58S

Boron phosphate, BPO4

Insol m II20 Not attacked by boiling
alkalies (Me\er, B 22 29i9 ^

PHOSPHATE, BROMOMOLYBDENUM

Bromomolybdenum phosphate
See under Bromomolybdenum comps

Cadmium inphosphate, CdsCPsOio)*

Insal in H2O and acids (Gluhmann,
Dissert 1899 1

Cadmium fe^raphosphate, bCdO, 4P208+
18H20

Insol in acids (Gluhmann )

Cadmium raetophosphate
Very sol in NH4OH+Aq (Persoz, \ eh

56 334)

Cadmium cfo?netaphosphate, Cd ( PO 3) 2 +2H20
Sol in 32 pts H20 Scarcely attacked by
acids, especially cone H2$<J4 (Glatzel,
Dissert 1880)

Cadmium tefr-ametaphosphate

Insol m H2O Easilv decomp by Na2S+
Aq (Fleitmann, Pogg 78 358 )

Cd2(PO3)4 flOH20 Not so very difficultly
attacked bv acids but insol after ignition
(Glatzel, Dissert 1880 )

Cadmium ort/iophosphate, Cds(PO4)2

Ppt Insol inH20 Sol in Cd salts +Aq

CStromeyer )
Lasilv sol in NH4 sulphate, chloride,

nitrate, or succmate-f-Aq (Wittstein, Repert

57 32)

H2Od5(P04)4+4H20 Sol in dil H3P04+
Aq (de Schulten, Bull Soc (3) 1 473 )

Cadmium tefrahydrogen phosphate,

CdH4(P04)2+2H20
Decomp by great excels of H20
Schulton )

fde

Cadmium pt/rophosphate, Cd2P2074-2H 0

Insol m H2O Sol m NH4OH, Na4P207 +
Aq, or acids Insol m KOH+\q Sol in
SO2+iq (Schwarzenberg, A 65 183)

Cadmium hydrogen or^ophosphate hydra-

zine, CdHP04, 2N2H4
Decomp by light CFran/en, Z anorg
1908,60 283)

Cadmium potassium te/ramefaphosphate,

CdK3(P08)4+3H O

Sol in 135 pts H20 Difficultly decomp
by acids (Glat/el, Dissert 1880 )

Cadmium potassium orrf/iophosphate.

CdKP04

Insol mH2O,sol m dil HCl+Aq (Ouv-
rard, A ch (fi) 16 321 )

Cadmium potassium w/rophosphate.
CdK2P207

Insol m H20, sol in dil HCl-fAq (Ouv-
rard )

5Cd2P207, 4K4P207+30H20 Much more
easily sol in H20 than the CdNa salt (Pahl,
Sv V A F 30, 7 39 )

Cadmium sodium inphosphate, Na3CdP8Oi0

+12H20

Sol m acids even after ignition (Ghih-
mann, Dissert 1899 )

Cadmium sodium ?n?ne£aphosphate,

TSTa4Cd(P03)6+4H20

SI sol mH20 Insol m alcohol (Wiesler.
Z anorg 1901, 28 204 )

Cadmium sodium te^awetaphosphate,

Na2Cd'PO3)4-h3H20

Completely insol in H20 (Glat/et, Dis-
sert 1880)

Cadmium sodium otf^ophosphate,

CdNa4(PO4)2

Insol m H20, very sol m dil acids
CdNaP04 As above (Ouvrard )

Cadmium sodium pt/rophosphate,
CdNa2P207

Sol m dil icids, even acetic acid (Wall-
roth )

-f 4H2O Insol m H20 (Pahl, Sv V A
F 30, 7 39 )

Cadmium phosphate bromide, 3Cd3(PO4)2,

CdBr2

Sol m cold \ery dil HNOi + ^q (de
Schulten, Bull Soc (3)1 472)

Cadmium phosphate chloride, 3Cd3(PO4)2,

CdCl>
Sol mdil HISO3-hAq (dc Schulton)

Caesium me^aphosphate, CsPO,

Sol m H20 (von Berg, B 1901, 34 4185 )

Caesium orfephosphate, CsjP044-5II/)
Deliquescent, ver\ sol m H 0 CvonBoig)

Caesium hydrogen ori/iophosphate, Cs HP04

-^-H20
Very sol in H2O (von Berg )

Caesium ^"hydrogen or//iophosphate,

CsH2P04
Sol in H2O, msol m alcohol (von Berg)

Cesium pz/rophosphate, Cs4P207

Very sol in H/), verv hydioscopic (von
Beig)

PHOSPHATES, CALCIUM

683

Calcium fnphosphate, 5CaO, 3P2Ofi

Insol in H20 (Schwar/, Z anoig 1895.
9 264)

Calcium monometophosphsite, Ca(P08)2
Insol in H20 and dil acids (Maddrell. A

61 61)
Not decomp by digestion with alkali car-

bonates 4- Aq (Fleitmann )

Calcium cfewetaphosphate, Ca2(P206)2+

4H20

Insol in H20 Decomp by warm H2S04,
but not appreciably by cone HC1 or HN03+
Aq (Fleitmann, Pogg 78 255 )

Calcium hexametaph.QSpha.te (?)

Insol in H20 Sol in Na6P6018+Aq and
in HCl+Aq (Rose, Pogg 76 3 )

CasPeO18 Nearly msol in H20, sol m dil
acids (Ludert, Z anorg 5 15 )

Calcium or//iophosphate, basic, 3Ca3(P04)2H-

Solubihty of CaO in P2O6-j-Aq at 25°

g CaO per I1- PP
of solution

Solid phase

7 61

19 96

>i

6 51

16 52

5 01

12 82

CaHP04

3 42

8 16

2 42

5 75

1 58

3 66

0 544

1 516

0 400

1 108

0 291

0 773

Solid phases are

0 232

0 662

evidently solid

0 145

0 381

solutions

0 062

0 109

0 049

0 088

0 034

0 015

Cas(P04)2

0 587
0 789

0 013
0 012

\Solid phase is prob-
j ably a solid solution

(Warington, J B 1873 253 )
4CaO, P2O5 (Hilgenstock )

Calcium or^ophosphates,

(Cameron and Seidell, J Am Chem Soc
1905,27 1513)

Solubihty of CaO in P206+Aq at 50 7°

Solubility of CaO in P20fi+Aq at 25°

100 g of the solution
contain

Solid phase

g CaO perl
of solution

g P206perl

Solid phase

g P206

g CaO

so u ion

62 01

0 336

CaH4P208+CaH4P O8 HaO

1 71

4 69

58 08

0 635

CaH4P2Os H2O

7 48

22 39

54 67

0 939

8 10

23 37

50 25

1 428

11 57

36 14

46 15

2 100

12 88

41 24

41 92

2 974

18 77

59 35

37 33

3 898

19 25

63 03

33 18

4 880

23 31

75 95

CaHP04, 2H20

29 61

5 725

CaEUP^Os H20+CaHPO4

23 69

79 10

15 48

3 507

CaHPO4

32 41

109 8

9 465

2 328

35 90

129 8

6 157

1 563

39 81

139 6

2 946

0 852

40 89

142 7

2 281

0 692

43 82

154 b

0 1521

0 0588

49 76

191 0

0 1527

0 0596

CaHPO4 2H O

55 52

216 5

0 1331

0 0514

CasP20 H;0

59 40

234 6

0 0942

0 0351

70 31

279 7

0 0309

0 0106

72 30

fiQ ^

351 9

-4M 1

0 00068

0 00071

\Jo OO

65 46
63 53

GO J. J.

380 3
395 1

(Bassett, Z anorg 1908, 69 15 )

59 98

419 7

CaH4(P04)2, H20

59 25

424 6

57 74

428 0

53 59

451 7

48 78

475 3

44 52

505 8

41 86

528 9

39 89

538 3

(Cameron and Seidell, J Am Chem Soc

1905,27 1508)

PHOSPHATE, CALCIUM

Solubility of CaO in P20s+Aq at 40°

100 g of the solution

contfun

Solid phase

e PsOs

g CaO

45 42

1 768

CaH4P2O8, H20

41 33

2 588

te

36 79

3 584

tt

32 46

4 505

tt

28 27

5 501

it

21 67

4 813

CaHPO4

17 78

4 100

ti

16 35

3 810

et

9 905

2 536

e(

6 979

1 847

(t

4 397

1 267

a

1 819

0 576

it

0 423

0 156

it

0 294

0 110

it

0 158

0 0592

t(

0 146

0 0519

i<

0 1^8

0 0508

Ca3P208, H20

0 0262

0 0098

((

trace

0 0709

Ca4P209, 4H20

(C

0 0814

it

te

0 0829

it

te

0 0840

a

(Bassett, Z anorg 1908, 59 18 )

Solubility of CaO in P206+Aq at 25°

100 g the solution

contain

Solid phase

g P2O«

g CaO

36 11

3 088

CaH4P208, H20

31 97

4 128

(f

28 34

4 908

a

27 99

4 930

tt

25 45

5 489

tt

22 90

5 523

CaHPO4

17 55

4 499

<(

15 34

4 027

tc

9 10

2 638

tl

6 049

1 878

(I

3 613

1 181

ei

2 387

0 826

tt

0 417

0 165

CaHP04+CaHPO4, 2H20

0 178

0 0696

u

0 0332

0 0126

tc

0 0948

0 0352

Probably Ca3P208, H2O

0 0571

0 0211

«

0 0525

0 0175

a

0 0468

0 0186

t

trace

0 1131

Ca4P09, 4H/)+Ca(OH),

0 118

Ca(OH)2

(Bassett, Z anorg 1908, 59 20 )

Calcium orMophosphate, Cas(P04)2

Decomp by long boiling with H20 into
basic salt, 3Ca3(T04)2, CaO2H2 This de-
comp begins with cold H 0, so that the solu-
bihfrv at 6-8° varies from 9 9 to 28 b mg in a
litre (Warmgton, Chem Soc (2) 11 983 )

1 1 cold H20 dissolves in 7 days 31 mg
ignited, and 79 mg freshly precipitated
Cas(P04)2 (Volcker, J B 1862 131 )

100,000 pts H20 dissolve 2 36 pts gelatin-
ous Ca phosphate, 2 56 pts ignited Ca phos-
phate, 3 00 pts Ca phosphate from bone dust
(Maly and Donath, J pr (2) 7 416 )

Solubility of bones m \arious solvents is
given bv Maly and Donath, / c

0009 g Ca8(PO4)a is sol m 1 1 H*0

0 153 il li lt (t ( (t l{

sat with C02 (Joffre, Bull Soc 1898, (3)

19 372)

Determinations of solubility in H;0 as
stated in the literature vary because Ca8(P04)2
is apparently a solid solution of CaHP04 and
CaO When placed in contact with H20
more P04 ions dissolve than Ca ions, the
resulting solution is acid and solid phase
zicher in Ca than before addition of H20
For material of the approximate composition,
Ca$(P04)2 theamt dissolved by CO. free H20
at ord temp is 0 01-Q 10 g per 1 depending
on conditions of experiment H*0 sat \uth
C02 dissolves 0 15-0 30 g per 1 (Cameron
and Hurst, J" Am Chem Soc 1904, 26
903)

The decomposition of Ca3(P04) in H20 is
increased by presence of CaS04, decreased by
presence of CaC08 or of CaS04 and CO C02
increases the amount of P04 dissolved in the
solution of water alone and the sat CaSO4
solutions, but has no other effect than to in-
crease the amount of Ca m the solutions m
contact with CaCO3 (Cameron and Scidell,
J Am Chem Soc 1904, 26 1458 )

Sol m C02-f-Aq

1 1 H20 containing 1 vol CO dibbolvcs in
12 hours at 10° 0 75 g precipitated C i3(P04)2,
0 166 g Ca3(P04)2 from bone ash, 0 300 g
Ca3(P04)2 from bones which had be c n buned

20 years (Lassaigne, J ch m£d ( 5) 3 11 )
1 1 H20 containing OS vol GO2 dissolves

Oblg Ca3(P04)2 (Liebig, A 106 1%)

H20 sat with CO at 5-10° and 7(>0 mm
pressure dissolves 0 527-0 ()0 g C \i(PO4) 2; 01 ,
if containing 1% NII4C1, 0730 g C i,(PO4)
(Warmgton, Chem hoc (2) 9 SO )

Solubility varu s according to foim of
Ca3(P04)2

In apatito, 1 pt Gaa(PO4)2 <hssolv<s m
222,222 pts H O sat with CO2, in r iw bone s,
in 5698 pts , in bone ash, in S()2() pts , m
So Carolina phosphate , m b9S3 pts in phos-
phatic guano from Orchilla Id , in S009 pts
(Williams, C N 24 30h )

Al2OflH6 and Fe2O6H0 prevent the solubility
of Ca3(P04) in H2O containing CO (War-
mgton, I c )

1 1 H20 dissolves 022848 g Ca,3(PO4)2
under a C02-pressure of 2 atmos at 14°
(Ehlert, Z Elektroohem 1912, 18 728 )

Sol in SOg-f-Aq, forming a liquid of 1 3 sp
gr at 9° from freshlj precipitsfted Ca3CP04)2,
and of 1 188 sp gr from bone ash

Sol m H2S-hAq 1 1 H/) sat *ith H2S

PHOSPHATE, CALCIUM

685

dissolves 190-240 mg Ca3(P04)2 (Bechamp,
A en (4) 16 241 )
Easily sol in HNOS or HCl-fAq
100 pts verj dil HCl-j-Aq dissolve 198-225
pts Ca»(PO4)j (Grum, A 63 294)
100 pts HC1 of 1 153 sp gr (containing
31% HC1) dissolve at 17° when diluted with
0 1 4 7 pts H20,
253 450 623 64 7 pts Ca3(P04)2,

10 13 16 19 pts H20
68 0 71 9 69 5 69 7 pts Ca3(P04)2
(Bischof, Schw J 67 39 )
Decomp by H2SO4
Completely decornp to CaS04 and H8P04
by a mixture of HoS04 and alcohol

Solubility in HN08-f-Aq
1 pfc of Cas(PO4)2 dissolves at 16 25-17 5° in
pts HNOs-f Aq which contain pts H20
tolpt HNO3(sp gr =1 23)

Dry Ca3(P04)2 also dissolves by long boiling
with solutions of ammonium chloride, nitrate,
suceinate ("ft ittstem). or sulphate (Delkes-
kamp)
Sol in 89,448 pts H 0 (boiled) at 7°,
19.628 pts H20 (boiled) rtntimnff 1%
NH4C1 at 10°, 4324 pts H 0 f boii« ) con-
taining 10% NH4C1 at 17°, 1788 pts ELO sat
with C02 and containing 10% NH4C1 at 10°
and 751 mm pressure, 1351 pts H2O sat
with C02 and containing 1% NH4C1 at 12°
and 745 mm pressure, 42,313 pts H»O sat
with C02 and containing CaC08 at 21° and
756 3 mm pressure, 18,551 pts H 0 sat with
C02 and containing CaC03 and 1% NH4C1 at
16° and 746 1 mm pressure ("V\ anngton,
Chem Soc (2) 4 296 }
Aqueous solutions of the following NE*
salts dissolve the given amts of Ca3(P04)2^
calculated for 100 pts of the corresponding
acid NH4C1, 0 655 pt , NH4NOS; 0 306 pt ,
(NH4)2S04, 1 050 pts , NH4CiE«)2, 0 255 pt ,
NH4 tartrate, 4 56 pts , NH4 citrate, 7 015
pts , NH4 malate, 1 125 pts Ca3(PO4)2 (Ter-
reil, Bull Soc (2) 35 578 )

Solubility in various salts -f-Aq under a COa
pressure of 2 atmospheres, at 14°

HNOs+Aq Pts H*°

HNOa+Aq , Pts H>°

2 72 0

4 23 • 0 827
10 25 3 309
15 45 5 791
20 34 8 273
20 82 10

30 64 10 754
26 48 13
32 14 13 236
36 06 15 718
127 81 40

Salt

G salt per
100 g H2O

G Cas(P04)
sol in 1 1 of the
solvent

(Bischof, 1833 )

More sol in acetic, lactic, malic, and tar-
tanc acids than in HC1 or HNOs+Aq
(Crum )

Solubility 141 H8P04+Aq

HoO

022848

NaCl

50
cone

1 3208
0 64089

G HaPO4 m 100 cc of
HaPO4+Aq

G Ca3(P04) a dissolved
by 100 cc of solvent

MgCl2+6H20

86 9
cone

1 2873
2 8923

*S
10
15
20

25
30

3 85
7 28
9 45
12 50
13 79
15 10

KMgCl8+6H20

79 2

cone

1 5771
1 1536

K2S04,MgS04,
MgCL+6H20

70 95
cone

1 7777
2 4911

NaN03

72 7
cone

1 5827
0 8638

(CAUbSt, e, R 1S92; 114 414)

Vcr}- bmall qmirititus of the salts of the
alkali me tals more as( the solubility m H20
(Lassaigne, J chun m6d (3) 3 11 )
1 litre cold H O with 2 g NaCl dissolves
45 7 nig Cas(P04),, with 3 g NaNO3, 33 mg
Ca8(P04). (I whig )
1 litre H2O eont uninp 8 75% NaCl dissolves
317 5 mg CatPO4h (Lassaigne )
NH4 salts have < vcn more effect, especially
NH4Cl-|-Aq, which dissolves Ca3(P04h in
the cold, also ammonium nitrate and sue
ornate (Wittstem )
(NH4)2fe04-t-Aq dissolves Ca8(P04)2 as
easily as CaSO4 (Liebig, A 61 128 )
1 litre H2O containing 2 g NaCl dissolves
at 7-12 3° 45 7 mg Ca3(P04)2, 3 g NaNOs
at 17 3°, 33 mg Ca8(P04)2, 2 2 g (NH4)2S04,
76 7 mg Cas(PO4), (Liebig, A 106 185 )

KS04

74 5
cone

4 9041
4 7649

(MHO S04

56 5
cone

2 4131
5 8849

Na^04+10H 0

137 7
cone

2 4911
3 2267

MgS04-f7H20

105 3

cone

1 9728
3 6001

NH4C1

45 74
cone

1 3710
1 2929

(Ehlert and Hempel, 1 Elektrochem 1912,
18 728)

686

PHOSPHATE, CALCIUM

Ca3(P04)2 is sol in K CoO4+Aq 100 ccm
K2C2O4+Aq (11A% K2C»O4) dissolves 57 1%
of the P206 from phosphorite, 71 % from guano
bv boiling 25 mm At ord temp bone meal
gives up 50-80% of its P20fi to K2C2O4+Aq
in 36 hours (Liebig, Landw J B 1881 603 )

Sol in Ca suerate+^q (Bobierre, C R
32 859)

More sol in H20 containing starch, glue, 01
other animal substances than in pure H20
(Vauquehn, Pogg 85 126)

Sol in t£20 containing organic matter,
therefore when bones decay under H20,
Ca8(PO4)o is dissolved in considerable quan-
tity (Hayes, Edm Phil J 6 378 )

Sol in sodium citrate +Aq (Spiller )

Solubility in NH4 citrates -f-Aq

Ammonium citrate solution of 1 09 sp gr
at 30-35° dissolves precipitated Ca3(P04)2
completely, but not phosphorite (Frese-
nms )

Dried on the air, wth 21/&H.20 Sol in 40
mm. in diammomum citrate +Aq (sp gr =
109), tnammomum citrate +Aq (sp gr =

1 09) dissolves 55 3% of the P206, citric acid
+Aq (M%) dissolves 838% of the P20s
(Erlenmeyer, B 14 1253 )

Dried at 50°, unth 17/8H20 Sol in 45 mm
in diammomum citrate+^q (sp gr =1 09) >
tnammomum citrate +Aq dissolves 52 3% of
the PaO6 (Lrlenmeyer )

Ignited Diammomum citrate +Aq (sp gr

I 09) dissolves 93% of the p20g, triammomuifl
citrate+Aq (sp gr 1 09) dissoh es 32% of the
P2O6, citric acid (M%) dissolves 534% of
the P^Os (Erlenmeyer )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin. Am Cb
J 1898, 20 827 )

Insol in alcohol and ether

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910, 43 314 )

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,

II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329 )
Mm Apatite

0 002 g is sol in 1 1 H20
0 014 " " " "11 H20 sat with C02
(Joffre, Bull Soc 1898, (3) 19 374 )

+H20 Solubihty in H20, in H20 sat with C02, and in H20 containing C02+CaH2(CO3)2

Temp 16°-20°

Solvent

In 11 of the filtrate

PaOe mg

CaO mg

(1) Boiled distilled H20

0 74

(2) 1200 cc distilled H20 +50 cc H2O sat

with C02

6 9

(3) 1000 cc " " +250 cc " «

(C (t

48 5

(4) 1250 cc H20 sat with CO2

91 9

Solutions of C02 +CaH2(COs) 2 1 1

(filtered) contains

Calcium carbonate

13 mg

(5) .

Bicarbonate

Carbonate
Carbonic acid

166 '
73

0 38

100 0

Free carbonic acid

9

Calcium carbonate

13

(6) .

Bicarbonate

Carbonate
Carbonic acid

277
122

1 1

162 3

Free carbonic acid

49

Calcium carbonate

13

(7) .

Bicarbonate

Caibonate
Carbonic acid

376
165

0 80

218 8

Free carbonic acid

105

Calcium carbonate

13 I

(8)

Bicarbonate

Carbonate
Carbonic acid

475
209

1 77

273 3

Free carbonic acid

206

Calcium carbonate

13

(9)

Bicarbonate

Caibonate
Carbonic acid

545
240

1 30

312 7

Free carbonic acid

301

(Schloesmg, C R 1900, 131 151 )

PHOSPHATE, CALCIUM HYDROGEN

687

Calcium hydrogen phosphate, CaHP04, and
+2H20

Insol or nearly so in H20 Gradually
decomp by cold, moie quickly by hot H?O

1000 pts EjO dissolve 0135-0152 pt
CaHP04+2H20 Solution clouds up on boil-
ing (Birnbaum )

1000 pts H20 dissolve 0 28 pt , and if sat
with C02, 0 66 pt CaHP04+2H20 (Dusart
and Pelouze )

When this salt dissolves in H20. decomp
takes place and a very considerable tune is
necessary to establish equilibrium (Rindell,
C R 1902, 134 112 )

Much less decomp by HoO than Ca3(PO4)2
or CaH4(P04)2, and the decomposition of
this salt in water depends only slightly upon
the relative amounts of solid and solvent
which are present The decomposition is in-
creased by the addition of CO2 The presence
of CaS04 or of CaC03 decreased the amount
of phosphoric acid which dissolved See
original paper (Cameron and Seidell, J Am
Chem Soc 1904, 26 1460 )

When the ratio of P/)6 CaO is above 1 0
or below 1 27, H20 dissolves 0 40-0 54 g CaO
and 1 11-1 52 g P 05 (see original paper)
(Cameron and Bell. J Am Chem Soc 1905,
27 1512)

Solubility in H3P04+Aq

G HsPO4 in 100 cc

G CaHPO4 dissolved by
100 cc of solvent

5
10
15
20
25
30

430
7 15
9 30
11 86
13 40
15 10

(Causse, C R 1892, 114 415 )

I 1 H2O containing 2 2 g (NH4)2S04, 2 g
NaCl, or 3 g NaNO3 dissolves 79 2, 66 3, or
78 9 mg CaP/) 7, which is present m form of
CaHPO4 (Liebig, A 106 185) Shrolj but
completely sol in boiling NH4Cl+A.q
(Kraut, Arch Phairn (2)111 102) Easily
sol in H2feO<}+Aq (Gerland, J pr (2) 4
123 ) Very sol m HC1 01 HN03+Aq I ess
sol m HC^HsO; (Berzehus ) More sol m
dil than cone HCXHsO +Aq, but 60 pts
HC2HSO2 (1 mol ) dissolve at most 23 1 pts
P2O5 (1 mol =142 pts ) from this compound
Aqueous solution of sodium acetate dissolves
more easily than H20, and becomes turbid
on boiling (Birnbaurn )

Completely sol in K2C/)4+Aq (Liebig,
Landw J B 1881 603)

II of sat solution m N/200 acid K tartrate
+Aq at 25° contains 0 235 g CaHP04

Insol m alcohol Sol in many organic
substances, as starch or gelatine -f-Aq

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014)

+VsH20 (Vorbrmger, Z anal 9 457 )
+H20 (Gerlarh, J pr (2) 4 104 )
+2H2O Min Brushite
+3H20 Mm Metabrushite
+5H20 (Dusart, C R 66 327 )

Calcium tefr-ohydrogen oHAophosphate,
CaH4(P04)2+H2O

Very deliquescent Crystals take up 97 7
pts H20 in 16 dajs, and 226 pts H20 in 28
days from air saturated with moisture
(Birnbaum, Zeit Ch (2) 7 131 )

Not hygroscopic when pure (Stocklasa,
B 23 626 R)

Completely sol in 100 pts H20, but de-
comp by 10-40 pts H2O with separation of
CaB.P04l which slowly dissolves (Erlen-
meyer, J B 1873 254)

Later (B 9 1839) Lrlenmeyer says
CaH4(P04)2+H2O is sol in 700 pts H20 and
decomp into CaHPO4 by a less amount of
H20 Wattenberg (Z anal 19 243) says that
the decomposition by small amts of H2O
down to 144 pts H20 to 1 pfc salt is inappre-
ciable

Completely sol in 200 pts H2O if pure, and
in less H20 m presence of H3P04 (Stocklasa )

Sol m 25 pts H2O at 15° Solution begins
to decompose when warmed to 50° (Otto.
C C 1887 1563 )

Greatly decomp by H2O and the resulting
solution is to be regarded as a solution of the
decomposition products rather than of the
substance itself The presence of an excess
of CaS04 does not materially affect the
amount of phosphoric acid entering the solu-
tion (Cameron, J Am Chem Soc 1904, 26
1462)

Violently decomp by H20 m cone solu-
tion, onl> si decomp ^vhen dissolved m 200
pts H 0 (Stocklasa, Z anorg 1892, 1 310 )

Solubility of CaH^Os in H3P04-fAq at
pressure of 745 mm at high temp

ft
PQ

100 g
of the solution
contain

Solid phase

G

P206

G

CaO

115°
132°
169°

43 60
53 43
63 95

5 623
4 327

4 489

CaH4P208, H20+ CaHP04
CaH4P2O8+CaH4P208, H2O
CaHAOs

(Bassett, Z anorg 1908, 59 26 )

Glacial HC2H8O2 ppts it completely from
aqueous solution even in presence of His Os
(Persoz )

Decomp by 50 pts absolute alcohol at b -
pt in 1 hour, by 30 pts in 2 hours Sol m
absolute ether (Erlenmeyer, I c )

688

PHOSPHATE, CALCIUM

Calcium pyrophosphate, CagP^Or-f 4H20

Somewhat sol in H2O, complete!} sol in
mineral acids, less sol in acetic acid, and in-
sol m Na4P2O7+Aq (Schwarzenbeig, A
65 145 ) Less sol m warm than in cold acetic
acid (Baer, Pogg 75 155 )

Insol in NH4Cl+Aq (Wackenroder, A
41 316)

Insol m CaClo+Aq

Mm Pyrophosphonte

Calcium hydrogen p^ophosphate, CaH2P207
+211 O

Sol in H,0 fPahl, B 7 478 )

2CaH2P207, Ca2P207H-6H20 Decomp by
boihng with H20 mto —

CaH2P2O7, Ca2P2O7+3H2O Insol in hot
H2O (Knorre and Oppelt, B 21 771)

hydrogen phosphate,
Ca4H(P04)3+H20
Ppt Insol m H20, but decomp by boihng
therewith Sol in acids (Warmgton,
Chem Soc (2) 4 296 )
+2H20

(I leitmann

Calcium tefr-aphosphate,

Insol in acids when ignited
and Henneberg, A 65 331 )

Calcium kthium phosphate, CaLiP04
Insol m H2O (Rose, Pogg 77 298 )

Calcium potassium cfcmetophosphate,

CaJE£(P206)24-4H20
As BaK comp (Glatzel, Dissert 1880 )

Calcium potassium or^ophosphate, CaKP04
Insol in H2O (Rose, Pogg 77 291 )
Easily sol m acids (Ouvrard, A ch (6)

16 308)

Calcium potassium ps/rophosphate, CaK2P207
Insol m H2O; easily sol in dil acids
(Ouvrard, C R 106 1599 )

Calcium sodium cfametaphosphate,

Ca]Na,(P2O6)2+4H2O
As BaNa comp (Glatzel )

Calcium sodium £nme£aphosphate,

CaNaP309+3H20

SI sol in H2O (Fleitmann, A 65 315 )
Easily sol m H2O Difficultly sol in HC1+

Aq when heated to redness Easily sol in

boiling HCl-j-Aq after being fused (Iind-

bom )

Calcium sodium orZ/iophosphate, CaNaPO4
Insol m H2O (Rose, Pogg 77 292 )
Easily sol in dil acids (Ouvrard. A ch

(6) 16 308 )
3CaO, 3Na2O, 2P2Ofi Sol in dil acids

(Ouvrard, C R 1888, 106 1599 )

Calcium sodium p^rophosphate, CaNa2P207
+4H2O

Insol in Na4P2O7+Aq Easily sol in
HCl+Aq, HN08+Aq, and also in HC2H802
+Aq (Baer, Pogg 75 159)

CaioNai6(P/)7)9 Sol in acids (WaUroth,
Bull Soc (2) 39 316 )

3CaO, 3Na;O, 2P206 Easily sol in acids
(Ouvrard, A oh (6) 16 307 )

Calcium thorium metaphosphate, Th02, CaO,

P206
(Colam, C R 1909, 149 209 )

Calcium uranous ?wetaphosphate, U02, CaO,

P20fi

Insol iji acids (Colam, A ch 1907, (8)
12 HO)

Calcium uranyl phosphate, Ca(U02)H2(P04)2
+2, 3, or 4H2O

Sol mHNOg+Aq (Debray )

CafU02)2(PO4)2+8H20 Mm Uramte
Sol inHNOs+Aq

3CaO, 5UO,, 2P2Ofi+16H2O (Bhnkoff,
Dissert 1900)

Calcium phosphate chloride, Cas(PO4)2, CaCl2
(Deville and Caron, A ch (3) 67 458 )
3Cas(P04)2, CaCl2 Chl&r apatite Insol in

H20 (DaubrSe, Ann Min (4) 19 684 )
7CaH4(PO4)2, CaCl2+14H20 Sol m

HCl-J-Aq

4CaH4(P04)2, CaCl2+8H20

CaH4(P04)o, CaCl2+2H20 Partly sol m

H20 with decomp Also with 8H2O (Erlen-

mever, J B 1857 145 )

Calcium phosphate chloride fluoride,

3Ca3(P04)2, CaCIF

Mm Apatite Boiling H2O dissolves out
aCl2, dil mineral acids dissolve easily, icetic

acid with more difficult Fasily soluble m

nolten NaCl, crystallizing on cooling (Forrh-

lammer )

Calcium phosphate silicate, Ca3(I>O4)2,

Insol m H20, decomp by HCl+Aq
;Carnot and Richard, C R 97 310 )

4Ca,i(P04)2, Ca3SiOB (Bucking and Lmck.
? C 1887 %2)

4Ca3(P04)2, 3Ca3Si()5 (B and I )

Ca(P03)2, CaSi03 (Stead and Ridsdatc,
Dhem Soc 51 601 )

Ualcium dthydrogen phosphate sulphite,

CaH2(P04)2, CaSO8+H20
Not decomp bv cold, slowly by boiling
H20 Slightly sol m NH4OH+Aq Sol in
mneral acids Insol in cold, slowly sol in
oiling acetic acid More sol in a solution of
>xahc acid (Gerland, C N 20 268 )

PHOSPHATE, COBALTOUS

Cerous metaphosphate, Ce(P08)3

(Rammelsberg )

Ce20s, 5P206 Insol in H2O or acids
( Johnsson, B 22 976 )

Cerous ortfophosphate, CeP04

Insol in H20 Easily sol m acids
(Grandeau, A ch (6) 8 193 )

Insol in acids (Hartley, Proc Roy Soc
41 202)

+2H20 Insol m H20 Sol in acids
( John )

Insol in H»PO4+Aq, si sol m HC1 or
HN08 + Aq (Hismger )

Insol mHNOs+Aq (Boussmgault, A eh
(5) 6 178 )

Mm Cryptohte Completely decomp by
H2S04 when finely powdered Insol in dil
HN08+Aq

Cenc ortoophosphate, 4Ce02, 6P2Ofi+26H20
Ppt (Hartley, Proc Roy Soc 41 202 )

Cerous ps/rophosphate, Ce2H2(P207)6-|-6H20

Sol m cerous nitrate -fAq

Ce4(P2O7)3+12H2O Sol m excess of
sodium pyrophosphate+Aq Easily sol in
HC1 (Rosenheim, B 1915, 48 592 )

Cerous lanthanum thorium phosphate,

(Ce, La, Th)2(P04)2

Mm Monazite Sol in HCl+Aq with
\vhite residue

Cerous potassium ortf/iophosphate, 2Ce203,

3K 0, 3P206=2CeP04, KSP04
Insol m H2O, sol m acids (Ouvrard, C
R 107 37)

Cerous sodium or/fophosphate, CeaOs, 3Na2O,

2P2O5 = CePO4, Na3P04
Insol in H2O (Ouvrard, C R 107 37 )

Cerous sodium p?/r0phosphate, CeNaP207

Insol in acetic, and cold dil mineral acids
Sol in warm acias (Wallroth )

Chromous phosphate, Cr3(PO4)2

Insol in H2O Lasil^ sol m citric, tartan c
and acetic acids SI sol m H2COs+Aq
(Moissan, 4 ch 1S82, (5) 25 415 )

+H20 Precipitate Easily sol m uids
(Mobeig, Moissan, A. ch (5) 21 199 )

Chromic raetaphosphate, Cr2(P03)o

Insol in H2O or cone acids (Maddrell, A
61 53)

Chromic or ftophosphate, CrP04

Hvdrolvzed by hot H20 Somewhat sol
in NH4OH+Aq and in Cr2(S04)3+Aq
(Caven, J Soc Chem Ind 1897, 16 29 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B

1909, 42 3790), ethvl acetate (Naumann,
B 1Q10, 43 314)

Chromic phosphate, Cr2(P04)2 +1211^0

Violet modification Precipitate (Ram-
melsberg, Pogg 68 383)

+6H20 Green modification Very si
sol in H>0 and still less in NH4N03 or
NH4C2H302+Aq (Carnot, C R 94 1313 )
Insol in acetic, but easily sol m mineral
acids Easily sol in cold KOH or NaOH-h
4.q, from which it is separated on boiling
(Dowhng and Plunkett, Chem Gaz 1858
220)

Chromic hydrogen phosphate, Cr2H6(P04)4+

16H20
Sol mH20 (Haushofer)

Chromic p^/rophosphate, Cr4(P207)s
Anhydrous Insol in H20 or acids (Ouv-

rard, A ch (6) 16 344 )

+7H20 Precipitate Sol in strong

mineral acids, S02-fAq, KOH-f-Aq, and

Na4P207+4.q (Schwarzenberg, A 65 149)
Insol in Na4P207+Aq (Stromeyer)

Chromic potassium phosphate, Cr20s, K20,
2PoO6

Insol m H2O and m acids (Ouvrard, A
ch (6) 16 289 )

Chromic potassium p^ophosphate,
K(CrP20)+5H20

SI sol m cold H20 Decomp by boiling
H 0 (Rosenheim, B 1915, 48 586 )

O2K2H4(P207)3 Insol m H2O, acids, or
alkalies SI decomp by boiling cone H2SO4
(Schjernmg, J pi (2) 45 515 )

Chromic silver phosphate, 2Cr203, 2Ag2O,

(Hautefeuillc and M irgottet, C R 96
1142)

Chromic sodium orMophosphate, Na2HP04,

2CrPO4 + r)H 0

Decomp by H 0 (Cohen, J Am Chem
Soc 1907, 29 1107)

Chromic sodium pi/rophosphate,
Cr2Na (P207)2

Insol m acids (Wallroth, Bull Soc (2)
39 316)

+ 10H2O, and 16H2O SI sol m cold H20
Decomp by boiling H2O (Rosenheim, B
1915,48 586)

Cobaltous ?nonometophosphate, Co(P03)2(?)
Insol m H20 and dil acids Sol in cone
HCl+Aq (Maddrell, A 68 61)

690

PHOSPHATE, COBALTOUB

Cobaltous ofomefophosphate, Co2(P206)2

Insol in cold cone H2S04, si sol on
warming, but sol in H2O after treating; with
H2SO4 Sol in cone ]STH4OH+Aq Scarcely
attacked bv boiling Na2S+Aq (Pleitmann )

Cobaltous hexametaphosphaie (?)

Ppt Sol in sodium hexametaphosphate+
Aq (Rose, Pogg 76 4 )

Cobaltous or^ophosphate, Co3(PO4)2+

Sol inH3P04+^qorNH4OH4-Aq, si sol
in NH4C1 or NH4N08+Aq (Salvetat, C R
48 295 ) Sol in Co salts+Aq

+2H2O (Debray, A ch (3) 61 438 )
+8H2O (Revnoso, C R 34 795)

Cobaltous hydrogen ortf&ophosphate,
CoHP04-hl^H20

Ppt (Debray )

+2J^H2O Ppt Insol in H20 Sol in
H3PO4+Aq (Bodeker, 4 94 357 )

Cobaltous fe^rohydrogen ort/iophosphate,

CoH4(P04)>
Sol m H20 (Reynoso )

Cobaltous pyrophosphate

Ppt Sol m Na4P207-|-Aq (Stromeyer )
Sol in NH4OH+Aq CSchwar/enberg )

, 3CoO, 2P2O5

Cobaltous
(Braun )
6CoO, 5P206 (Braun

Cobaltous potassium phosphate, CoKP04
Insol in H2O, easily sol in dil acids

(Ouvrard, C R 106 1729 )
3CoO, 3K2O, 2P2O6 \s abo\ e

Cobaltous sodium £nphosphate, NaOo2P3Oi0
(Schwarz, Z anorg 1895, 9 260 )
Na,CoPAo+12E.O Very sol in H2O,

decomp ui aq solution Sol m acids

(Schwarz, Z anorg 1895, 9 258 )

Cobaltous sodium raefophosphate,

Co3Na2(P03)8

Insol in H2O or acids, even cont H2bO4
(Watts7 Diet )

Cobaltous sodium monometaphosphsite.

6Co(P03)2, 2]STaP03

Insol in H2O and dil acids Sol in cone
H2feO4 (Maddiell, A 61 57 )

Cobaltous sodium inwetaphosphate,

CoNai(P03)s-f8H20
Sol in H2O (Fleitmann and Henneberg
A 65 315)

lobaltous sodium ort/wphosphate, CoNaP04
Insol mH20 (Ouviard, C R 106 1729)
Co3(PO4)2, 2Na2HPO4+8H20 (Debray,
J Pharm (3) 46 119 )

Cobaltous sodium pyrophosphate,

Coi0Nai6(P207)9

Insol m H2O Sol in acids (Wallroth )
O Sol in H20 (Stromeyer )

Cobaltous zinc phosphate, Co3(P04)2,

3Zns(P04)2+12H20
Ppt Sol in acids (Gentele )
CoZn2(P04)2+6H2O Insol in H20

Columbium phosphate (?)
Insol in H20 (Blomstrand )

Cupnc ^we/aphos,phate, Cu2(P2O0)2

Inqol m H20 Sol in cone H2SO4 (Mad-

drell, A 61 62 ) Insol in most cone acids

and in alkalies, except hot NH4OH+Aq or

cone HoS04, m which it is moderately sol
Not decomp by H2S, but by (NHOJS+Aq,

less easily by Na2S, and K2S+Aq (Fleit-

mann, Pogg 78 242 )

+8H2O Completely msol mH2O (Fleit-

mann )

Cupnc hexametapb.ospha.te ( 0

Sol in Na6P0Oi8+\q or CuCl2+Aq
(Rose, Pogg 76 5 )

Cu3P6Oi8 Easily sol m H2O or acids,
especially when freshly pptd (Ludcrt, Z
anorg 5 15 )

Cupnc ort/wphosphate, basic, 6CuO P>O5-f
3H20

Mm Phosphocalate

5CuO, P2O54-2n2O Mm Dikydrite

+3H2O Mm Ehhte 1^ isilv sol in
NH4OH + 4q, and HNO,+Aq

4 CuO, PaOB+H,O Slovvlv sol m NI [4OH
or (NH4)2CO-,+ \q, msol in cold Ni S ()3 +
Aq (Steinschnc idd, C C 1891, II 51 )

SI sol in CuCl2 I Aq md ( iS()4+A<i
Docomp by boiling H2() md boiling Aq
potxsh (Given, I Soc Chcm Ind 1S97,
16 29)

Mm Dibethemle Sol in i< ids md
NH4OH-hAq

4-2H () Mm P^eudolihethemtc Sol m
acids and NH4OH+Aq

+ $H2O Mm 'laqihle Sol in K ids UK I
NH4OH+Aq

Cupnc ^nphosphate, 5Cu(), iP2(

Sol in H2O Sol m HN08 (Schwarz, Z
anorg 1895, 9 262 )

Cupric cteetaphosphate, CuP2OfiH-4PI20

Sol in 78 pts H?O Easily decomp by
hot cone H,S04 (Glatzel, Dissert 1880 )

PHOSPHATE, CUPRIC URANYL

Cupnc Znw?etophosphate, Cu3(P309)o+9H20
Very si sol in H2O (0 04 g in 1 1 at 20°)
{Tammann, J pr 1892, (2) 45 425 )

Cupnc tetrametaphosphsite,

Insol in H2O and in HC1 SI sol in boiling
HN03 Very sol in boiling cone H2S04
(Glatzel )

-f-8H2O Nearly insol in H20 Slowly
attacked by acids except cone H2S04
(Glatzel )

Cupnc or/fophosphate, Cus(P04)2+3H20

Insol in H20, easily sol in acids, even

H8P04, HC2H302, or H2S03+/Vq Sol in

NH4OH+Aq SI sol in NH4 salts +^q

SI sol m Cu salts +A.q (Rose, Pogg 76

Sol in cold Na2S2O3+Aq (Stemschnei-
der, C C 1891, II, 51 )

Insol m liquid NH3 (Gore. Am Ch J
1898, 20 827 )

Insol m methyl acetate (Naurnann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

Cupnc hydrogen phosphate, CuHP04+
1J^H20(0

Insol m H20, sol m H3P04+\q, and
HC2H/)2+Aq Insol in NH4C1, and

NH4N03-hAq (Brett, Phil Mag (3) 10
98)

Cupnc p?/r0phosphate, basic, Cu2P207,

2CuO, H20+3H,0
Insol m H/) (Pahl, J B 1873 229 )

Cupnc pz/rophosphate, Cu2P207

Anhydrous Insol m H2O, and voiy si
sol m cone uiclb (Jblutmann, Pogg 78
244)

As inbol ab Cu motaphobphatc , but de-
comp by II2S (Host, Pogs; 76 14 "i

-f-2H2O Sol iiiiniiKril Kids, ind NH4OH
+Aq, also in Na4l-2O7-h \q (Schwarzon
berg, A 65 1 r>6 )

Sol m cold H^SOa-fA-q without do(omp,
crystallizing out on boiling

Docomp by boiling K()H+\q

Sol in laigc ( xot bs of C uS()4-)-Aq

+2KH2O (Pahl, Sv V A F 30, 7 40 )

+ ^H2O Vciybl sol mH20

feol in dil mds (Wuslcr, Z moig 1901,
28 202)

Cupnc iron (feme) p^rophosphate,
8O

Ppt (Pascal, C R 1908, 146 233 )

Cupnc potassium phosphate, 4CuO, K2O,

3PA

Inbol in H2O 'Ouvrard, C R 111 177 )
CuKPO4 As above

Cupnc

Sol in 58 pts H20 Easily attacked bj
acids (Glatzel, Dissert 1880 )

Cupnc potassium ps/rophosphate, CuK2P.07
Extremely easily sol m H2O (Persoz, 4

ch (3) 20 315 )
Cii|Pj07, 3K4P207+4H20 Insol m H20

(Pahl, Sv V A F 30, 7 44 )

Cupnc sodium phosphate, C

Insol m HC2H3O2-f Aq Sol in cone
acids (Wallroth, BuU Soc (2) 39 316 )

Cupnc sodium inphosphate,
CuNaJP«010+12H 0

SI sol m H20, very unstable

Easily sol in acids (Stange, Z anorg
1896, 12 458 )

Cupnc sodium

As msol in HoO as Cu dunetaphosphate
Difficultly decomp by digestion with Na2S+
Aq (Fleitmann, Pog? 78 355 )

+4H20 Sol in 45 pts H20 fGlatzd,
Dissert 1880)

Cupnc sodium ortAophosphate, 3Cu3(P04)2,
NaH2P04

Decomp b> H20 to 4CuO, P205 (Stem-
schneider, C C 1891, II 52 )

2Cu3(P04K NaoHP04 Decomp by H20
into —

3Cu3(P04)o, NaoHP04 Decomp bv H 0

rs)

Cu/POOs, NaH2PO4 Decomp b} H 0

/Q \

6Cu3(P04) , 2Na3P04 Decomp b> H O

"*)

Cupnc sodium p?/rophosphate, CulS a P O
Insol in HoO (Fleitmann and Henne-

berg, \ 65 387 )

H-^/3H20 (F and H ) Much more sol

than the next salt (Pahl )

+bH>0 ^Peisoz, A ch (3) 20 315 ^
Cu P 07| CuNa2P^O7+3HH 0 \ erv ef-

floiesoent, inbol m H 0 (F ^dH)

H20 (Pahl, Sv V \ F 30, 7 42
> 07, Na4P 07 Sol m H2O (F

and H)

+2H20 (F amd H )

4-12 and lbH>0 Verj efRoiebcent, and
sol in H20 (Pahl )

Cu3Na2P4Oi4-flOH20 Insol in HO,
sol m HC1 and HN08 even after heating
(Stange, Z anorg 1896, 12 456 )

Cupnc uranyl phosphate,

8HO
Insol in H20, easily sol in acids (De-

Chalcolite Sol m HN03+Aq

692

PHOSPHATE, CUPRIC, AMMONIA

Cupnc orrf/iophosphate ammonia, Cu8(P04)2,

SI sol in H2O Easily sol in H20 contain-
ing 1NH4OH (Schiff, A 123 41 )

2CuO, 3P205 20NH3+21H20 Easily
SD! in cold H2O, with subsequent deeomp
(Metzner, A 149 66 )

2CuO, P20 , 6NH3 (Maumene* )

Cupnc pvrophosphate ammonia, SCuO,

3P2O6, 4NE,+4EfO
SI sol in H2O (Schwarzenberg, A 65

133)

Cu2P2O7, 4NH3+H20
(Schiff, A 123 1 )

SI sol m H20

Didymium wetophosphate, Di(P03)3
Precipitate (Smith )
Di203, 5P2O6 Insol in H20 (Cleve )

Didymium phosphate, 2Di203,

Insol in H2O (Ouvrard, C R 107 37 )

Didymium orZAophosphate, DiP04

Insol in H2O Very si sol in dil , easily
sol in cone acids (Marignac ) Insol in
H2O fWallroth, Bull Soc (2) 39 316 )

(Frenchs and Smith, A 191

355)

Didymium /nhydrogen phosphate,

Di2H3(P04),

Precipitate (I rerichs and Smith )
Existence is doubtful (Clcve,B 12 910 )

Didymium hexahydrogen phosphate,
DiH,(PO4)«-f H O

Precipitate (Hermann )

Didymium pg/rophosphate, Di4(P/>7)3-|-
6H20

Precipitate (Cleve )

Didymium hydrogen p?/rophosphate,

Precipitate Sol in disodium pyropho^-
phate-j-Aq (Frenohs and Smith, \ 191
355)

Docb not exist (Cleve )

Didymium potassium phosphate, 2Di O3,

3K,O, 3P2Ofi=2DiP04, K3PO4
Insol in H2O (Ouvrard, C R 107 37 )

Didymium sodium ort/iophosphate, Di/)3,
DiPO4, Na3PO4

Insol in H2O (Ouvrard )

Didymium sodium pvrophosphate,

Na20, 2POfi = DiNaP807
Insol inHjO (Ouvrard C R 107 37)

Dysprosium ori^ophosphate, DyP04H-5H20

Nearly msol in H2O

Easily sol in dil acids or acetic acid
(Jantsch, B 1931,44 1276)

Erbium phosphate, ErPO4+H20
Precipitate

Erbium pi/rophosphate, ErHP207+3KHoO
Scarcely sol m boiling H20 Slowly sol
in acids

Erbium sodium p^ophosphate, ErNaP2Or

Precipitate ^Walh-oth )

Glucinum metoohosphate, G1(PO3)2

Insol in H20 ana acids (Bleyer, Z anorg
1912, 79 274

Glucinum or^phosphate, basic

2G18P208, G104-13H2O
Ppt (Bleyei, Z anoig 1912, 79 268 )

Glucinum or^ophosphate, G13(P04) +6H2O
Precipitate Insol in H2O Sol in acids

(Atterbeig, Sv V A Handl 12, 6 33 )
11 2% HC2H3O2 + A.q dissolves 0 55 g of

the anhydrous salt, 1 1 10% HC2H3O2+Aq

dissolves 1 725 g (Sestmi, Gazz rh it 20

313)

+7H20 (Atterberg )

Glucuium hydrogen or^ophosphate, G1HPO4
+3H20

G1H4(P04)2 hydroscopic (Bleyer, Z
onorg 1912, 79 266 )

Precipitated by alcohol (Atterberg )

Glucinum phosphate, 5G1O, 2P2O5-f SH 0
Ppt Sol in If () with d( comp (Schcfifer )
3G10, P^06, 3H/)+H2O (Sestmi, Ga?z

ch it 20 313 )

Glucinum pT/rophosphate,
P- — - (SchelYer )
b< \

(Stiomcyoi )

Glucinum potassium phosphate, GIKPO4
Insol in HO (Ouvrard, C R 110 133* )

Glucinum sodium phosphate, GlNaP04

SI sol in cold, exsily bol in hot icicls
(Wallroth ) Insol in acetic acid
Mm Beryllomte

G1O, 21s a A p^°fi Inso1 in H^° (°uv-
lard, C R 110 1333 )

Gold (Auric) sodium p7/rophosphate (?),

A.u4(P2O7)3, 2Na4P2O7 4-H20
Sol m H2O (Persoz )

PHOSPHATE, IRON

693

Gold sodium pyrophosphate, ammonia,

14Au203, 6P205, 3Na 0, 14NH3+24H20
Insol in H30 (Gibbs, Am Ch J 1895,
17 172)

Iron (ferrous) Jnmetaphosphate, Fe(P309)3 +

12H20

Rather si sol in cold, more easily in hot
H20 After ignition sol in HCl+Aq only
after long boiling (Lmdbom, Acta Lund
1873 17)

Ferrous tesawetaphospliate, Fe3P6Oi8

When freshly pptd is sol in H20, and very
sol in least traces of acids, or NaeP6Oi8+Aq
(Ludert, Z anorg 6 15 )

Ferrous phosphate, basic, 7FeO, 2P206+

9HO

Mm Ludlamite Sol in dil H2S04 or
HCl+Aq Decomp by boiling KOH or
NaOH+Aq

Ferrous ortfwphosphate, Fe3(P04);

Insol in H20, sol in acids

Sol in 1000 pts H2O containing more than
1 vol C02 (Pierre )

Sol in an excess of ferrous salts H-^q

Sol m 560 pts H20 containing VMO pt
HCJH302 Sol m 1666 pts H 0 containing
150 pts NH4C2H30, (Pierre, A ch (3) 36
78)

Sol in NH4 salts+Aq

Sol in NH4OH+Aq Not pptd m pres-
ence of Na citrate

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329)

-fH20 (Debny, A ch (3)61 437)

+^H/) Mm Vwwmte Easily sol in
HCl or HNO»+\q Boilms; KOH+Aq dis-
solves out phosphoric acid Sol in cold citric
acid+Aq (Bolton, C N 37 14 )

Insol in H20 Sol m acids (Lvans, C C
1897,1 580)

Ferrous hydrogen or^ophosphate, FcIiP04 +

H20

Ppt (Debray, A ch (3) 61 437)
Is impuic I<c3(PO4)2 (krlenmeyer and

Hemnchs, A 194 170 )

Ferrous tetfmhydrogen oriAophosphate,

FeH4(P04)2+H20
Easily sol in H2O Not changed by al-
cohol (Erlenmever and Hemnchs, A 194
176)

Ferrous p^/rophosphate

Ppt Sol in an excess of Na4P207 or FeS04
+Aq (Schwarzenberg, A 65 153 )

Feme raetophosphate, Fe3(P03)6 or Fe(PO3)3

Insol in H2O or dil acids Sol in cone

H2SO4 (Maddrell, Phil Mag (3) 30 322 )

Iron (ferric) oriAophosphate, basic, 2Fe203,

Insol in NH4 citrate, sol in NH4 tartrate
+Aq (Wittstem )

+3HO Mm Kraune Easily sol m
HCl+Aq

+4H2O Ppt (Millot, C R 82 89 )

+5H20 Mm Dufremte

+12H20 Mm Cacoxene Sol in HC1+
Aq

+18, or 24H20 Mm Delvauxite

5Fe203, 3PoOa+14H20 Mm Berauntie
Sol mHCl+\q

3Fe208, 2P205+8H20 Mm ffleonvnte
Sol inHCl+lq

Feme ori^ophosphate, Feo(P04)2+zH20. or
2Fe203, 3P206+zH20

+4, or 8H20 (Pptd feme phosphate)
Insol inH2O Sol m 1500 pts boiling H2O
(Bergmann, 1815 ) Sol in pure H2O when
all traces of soluble salts are absent (Frese-
mus ) Verv si sol in, but decomp b\ H O
(Lachowicz, W A. B 101, 2b 374 ) For an
extended discussion of solubility in and de-
composition by H2O and effect of salts see
Cameron and Hurst, (J Am Chem Soc 1904,
26 888)

Easily sol in dil mineral acids, executing
H3P04+Aq Insol m cold HC2H3O2 + 4.q
(Wittstem ) 100 ccm cold H2O containing
10% HC2H302 dissolve 0 007 cc salt (Ses-
tini, Gaz/ ch it 5 252 ) When freshly pptd
easily sol in H2S03+Aq, or (NH4)2SO +\q
(Berthier ) Fasily sol m tartaric 01 citnc
acid+\.q, also in NH4 salts of those acids,
and Na citrate +A.q (Heydenreich, C N 4
158) Seebelo-K

Sol m 12,500 pts HoO sat \\ith CO
(Pierre, A ch (3) 36 78 )

Insol in NH4 salts +Aq (\\ittstem)
Sol in NH4OH+Aq m presence of NaoHP04
insol mhotNa2HPO4+Aq,sol in rNH4; C03
+Aq (Berzehus) NH4OH, KOH, or
NaOH+Aq dissolve out H3P04

bol in feme salts+Aq, even feme acetate,
but insol in ferrous acetate + A.q

Partially sol m large amt of Na CO ^ + -\q
Not pptd in pi esence of N"a citi ate ( Spiller )

Arth (Bull Soc (3) 2 324) obtained a
modification of Fe (P04) , insol in H\03 +
Aq, but sol m hot cone HCl+\q

+4H20 Mm Strengite Easily sol in
HCl+A.q, insol m HNO«+Aq

+5H20 Only si sol m H2O Slo\\h sol
m HN03, easily sol in HCl (\\ emland, Z
anorg 1913, 84 361 )

Diammomum citrate +\q dissolves 4 8r/c
of the P205, triammomum citrate, 5 8% P 05,
and with an excess of NH4OH, 21 2% P O5
is dissolved (Erlenmej er, B 14 1253 )

+9H2O Dissolves in 35 mm m diam-
momum citrate +A.q (sp gr 1 09) in 55
mm in triammomum citrate +A.q (sp gr
1 09), citric acid +Aq (J£% citric acid) dis-
solves 17 5% of the P2O5 (Erlenmeyer, I c )

694

PHOSPHATE, IRON, ACID

Iron (feme) phosphate, acid, 8Fe2O5, 9P O6
+3H20

Insol in H2O (Rumpler, Z anal 12 151 )

6Fe203, 7P2Ofi-f 3H20

4Fe2O3, 5P O6+3H20

2Fe2Os, 3P2O64-8H20 Ppt Decomp by
H2O finally into Fe2(PO4)2 (Erlenmeyer and
Hemrich, A 194 176)

8Fe2O3, 11P2O5+9H20 As above (E
andH)

4FeoO3, 7P/)6+9H2O Asabo^e (E and
H)

Fe/)3, 2P2O5+8H20 Insol in H20 or
HC2H3O2+Aq, sol in NH4 citrate, alkali
hydrates, or carbonates +Aq (Winkler )
Slowly decomp by H2O (E and H )

+10H20 (Wame, C N 36 132)

2Je2O3, 5P2Ofi-fl7H20

Fe203, 3P2O6+6H,0=FeHe(P04)3 Deli-
quescent Insol in H20, but decomp into
Fe2(P04), (F andH)

+4H20 (Hautefeuille and Margottet,
C R 106 135)

Feme p^ophosphate, Fe4(P207)a

Two modifications — (a) Sol in acids,
Na4P207+Aq, FeCl3+Aq, NH4OH-f Aq, and
in (NH4)2C03+Aq

Insol in acetic, sulphurous acid, or NH4C1
4-Aq Sol mNH4citiate+Aq (Schwarzen-
berg, A 65 153)

(6) Insol in dil acids, Na4P/)7+Aq, FeCl3
+Aq Sol in KH4OH+Aq (Gladstone,
Chem Soc (2) 6 435 )

Solubility of Fe4(P207)8 m NH4OH-f Aq at 0°

100 g sat solution contain

100 g sat solution contain

G NH3

G Fe4(P207)3

G NH3

G rt4(P2O7)3

0 884
1 59
3 71
4 72
5 93
7 91

5 606
9 75
14 85
15 94
13 92
14 61

5 92
8 26
10 55
15 96
18 83

14 71
13 89
7 40
2 52

0 445

(Pascal, A ch 1909, (8) 16 374 )

in acetone (Krug and M'Mroy, J
Anal Appl Ch 6 184)

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklm, \m Ch
J 1SQ8, 20 828 )

Ferrofemc ortAophosphate, 2Fos(PO4)j,
PjO5)

Ppt Sol mHCl+Aq P mm1 IK 2 ^
4Fe O3 6FeO, 5P O +*OH2O boi in 40
mm in diammomum citrate -j-Aq (&p gr =
109), triammonium citratc+Aq (sp gr =
1 09) dissolves 55 7% of the P 06 (Frlen-
meyer, B 14 1253 )

Ferrous lithium phosphate, I i3PO4, Fe3(P04)2
Mm Tnphylhne Easily sol in acids, not
wholly decomp bvKOH+^q

Iron (ferrous) manganous phosphate,

Fe8(P04)2, Mn3(P04)2
Min TnpMe Easily sol in HCl+Aq
5(Mn,Fe)O, 2P2O5+5H2O Mm Hur-
eauhte Sol m acids

Feme manganous sodium phosphate,
FePO4, (Na2,Mn)3P04+MH2O

Ferrous manganous phosphate chloride,

3(Mn,Fe)3fP04)2, MnCl2
(Deville and Caron )

Ferrous manganous phosphate fluoride,

(Mn,Fe) (PO4)2, (Mn,Fe)F2
Mm Tnphte, Zuieleszte Sol in HCl+Aq
3(Mn,Fe)s(PO4),, MnF2 (De\olle and
Caron, C R 47 985 )

Ferric potassium phosphate, 2Fe2O3, 3K20,
3P2O6

Not attacked by boiling HoO (Ouvrard,
A ch (6) 16 289 )

Fe^03, K20, 2P2Ofi Insol m H2O, verv si
attacked by acids (Ouvrard )

Feme silver wctophosphate, 2Fe,sO3, 2A.g20,

5P205

(Hautefeuille and Margottet, C R 96
1142)

Ferric silver p^ophosphate, Fo2Ag0(P207)3+

4II|O
Ppt (Pascal, C R 1908, 146 232 )

Ferric sodium phosphate, 21u2Oi, 3Na20,

SP206
Decomp by H20 (Ouvrard )

Ferrous sodium ^phosphate, I((Ni,l>iOio+

Stable drj , sol in HNO, <1< coinp in con-
tact \\ith IT O (Stinftc, / inoifi 1S(H>, 12
451)

Ferric sodium hydrogen or///ophosphate.
IurPO4) HiNi+H^O

DifTicultlv sol in H () Slcwly dcoomp by
boiling \\ith H O Sol in dil JI( 1 md dil
HNO3 Docomp by ilkihcs md ill ill cu-
li

bonatos (Womlind / anoi^; 19H, 84

MP(),)<,HrNi+HO DifiuultN sol m
HO Decomp b^ boiling \\ith H () Sol m
dil HC1 and in dil HN()3 Dtromp by al-
kalies md ilk ill < ubonat(b (We ml md, Z
anorg 1913, 84 358 )

Feme sodium pz/rophosphate, Ie4(P 07)3.
2Na4P207+7H20

Slo\\ly but completely sol m H2O Pptd
by alcohol (Milck, J B 1865 263 )

Very sol in H2O (Fleitmann and Henne-
berg)

PHOSPHATE, LEAD SODIUM

695

+5, and 6H2O Easily sol in H20, espe-
cially if warm (Pahl, J B 1873 229 )

FeNaP2O7 Insol in H20, dil HC1, or
HNOs+Aq, si sol in cone HCl+Aq, de-
comp by cone hot H2S04 without solution
(Jorgensen, J pr (2) 16 342 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329)

Na*Fe2(P207)s-h9H20 Decomp by H20
(Rosenheim, B 1915,48 586)

Fe4(P2O7)3, 5Na4P207+7H20 (Pahl, J B
1873 229 )

Iron (feme) phosphate sulphate, 3Fe2(P04)2,

2Fe2(S04)3, 2Fe206H6
Mm

Lanthanum metaphosphate, La2(P03)6
Precipitate (Frenchs and Smith )
La203; 5P2O5 Insol in HoO, dil , or cone

acids ( Johnsson, B 22 976 )

Lanthanum ori^ophosphate, LaP04

Precipitate (Hermann )

Insol in H2O and acids (Ouvrard, C R
107 37)

Lanthanum hydrogen phosphate,

La2H3(P04)3

Precipitate (Frenchs, B 7 799 )
Existence is doubtful (Cleve, B 11 910 )

Lanthanum phosphate, acid, La208, 2P 06

Precipitate (Hermann )

Lanthanum p?/rophosphate, LaHP207-|-3H>0

(Cleve )

Ia2HG(P2O7)3 Precipitate (Frcnohs and
Smith )
Doos not exist (Chve )

Lanthanum potassium or^ophosphate,

2T a2O3, -JK/), 3P 06=2LaPO4, K3P04
Insol in H () (Ouvrard, C 11 107 37 )

Lanthanum sodium ort/iophosphate, I a/)3,

3Ni(), 2P2O
Insol in H C) (Ouviaid )

Lanthanum sodium /^rophosphate,

IiNiP207

Insol in K (tic, ind dil cold mineial acids
Sol m \\ irm dil loids (Wallioth )

Lead cfowe/aphosphate, PbP20«

Ppt \lrnost msol m H/) Sol in HN03
+Aq fHoitmann, Pogg 78 253)

Lead Zn?ra^aphosphate, Pb3(P309)2+3H20
Nearly msol in H2O Less sol m H20

than the corresponding Ag salt (Fleitmann

and Henneberg, A 65 304 )
Most msol of the Znwetophosphates

(Lmdbom, Acta Lund 1873 12 )

Anhydrous salt is msol m H2O, easily sol
in HN03 -f Aq (Lmdbom )

Lead fetownetophosphate, Pb P4Oi

Insol m H2O

More easily decomp by acids than the other
msol metaphosphates Easily decomp by

in the cold

(Lu-

alkali hydrosulph
(Fleitmann, Pogg 78 353 )

Lead fosawetophosphate, PbsP6Oi8

Nearlv msol m H20, sol in acids
dert, Z anorg 5 15 )

Le«xd ortfiophosphate, basic, 4PbO, P2O5
(Gerhardt, A 72 85 )

Lead ortfwphosphate, Pb8(P04)2

Insol m H20, sol in HN03+Aq Insol
in HG>H302+Aq

SI sol in H20 1 35X10-4 g is contained
in 1 litre of sat solution at 20° (Bottger, Z
phys Ch 1903, 46 604 )

Not h\drolyzed by boiling H20 Sol in
boihng KOH+Aq msol m NH4OH+Aq
Insol m Pb(N03)2+Aq CCaven, J Soc
Chem Ind 1897, 16 SO )

Sol m 782 9 pts HC2H3O +Aq containing
38 94 pts pure HCoH302 (Bertrand, Monit
Scient (3) 10 477 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910, 43 314 )

Lead hydrogen phosphate, PbHP04

Insol m H2O Decomp by H S04, or HC1
+ \q Sol m HNO , or in KOH or NaOH-f-
Aq Insol m HC H3O +Aq Sol in cold
NH4Cl+Aq CBrett) from \\hich it can be
completely precipitated bv a great excess of
NH4OH+Aq

More sol m NH^HsOg+Aq at 188-25°
than in puie H20 (W appen )

Sol in sat NaCl+ \q, but less than PbSO4
(Becquerel, C R 20 1524 )

Insol in Pb salts +Aq

Not pptd in presence of Na citrate
(Spiller )

Lead p^ophosphate, Pb2P 07-fH2O

Insol in H20 Sol in HN03, or KOH + \q

Insol in NH4OH+Aq, HCiHjOs, or SO +

Aq (Schwaizenbtrg, \ 65 133) Sol in

Na4P 07+ ^q (Stromevei )
Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37

4329)

Lead potassium phosphate, PbKPO4

Decomp byhotH20 (Ouvrard, C R 110
1333)

Lead sodium phosphate, PbNaP04
Very sol m dil acids (Ouvrard, C R

110 1333^1

lOPbO, 8Na20, 9P206 (Ouvrard )

PHOSPHATE, LEAD SODIUM

Lead sodium p^/rophosphate, PbNa2P2O7

Insol in hot H20 (Gerhardt, A ch (3)
22 506 )

Lead inphosphate sodium pz/rophosphate.

Sol m HNOs after melting (Stange, Z
anorg 1806, 12 459 )

Lead phosphate chloride, 2PbHPO4, PbCl2

Insol m boiling H20, sol m dil HNO8+
Aq (Gerhardt, A ch (3) 22 505 )

2Pbs(PO4)2, PbCl2 Ppt (Heintz, Pogg
73 119)

$Pbs(PO4)2, PbCl> Mm Pyromorphtie
Sol in HNOs, and KOH+ lq

SI sol in cold citric acid-f-Aq (Bolton,
C N 37 14)

+H,0 Insol in H O Sol m dil HNO8
-f-Aq (Heintz )

Lithium wetaphosphate, LiP08

Insol in boiling H2O Scarcely sol m
acetic acid Easily sol in mineral acids
(Merlmg, Z anal 1879, 18 565 )

Lithium toYwwetaphosphate, Li4P4Oio-f

4H2O

Very sol m HoO (Warschauer, Z anorg
1903,36 180)

e, Li3P04

Very slightly sol in H2O

Sol m 2539 pts pure H20 and 3920 pts
ammoniacal HA), much more readily m H2O
containing NH4 salts Easil> sol in HCl-f
Aq Qr HNOs+Aq (Mayer, A 98 193)
Easily sol m carbonic acid water (Troost )
Sol in dil acids or acetic acid (de Schulten,
Bull Soc (3) 1 479 )

Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

-fMHA or H 0

Lithium hydrogen phosphate, Li^HP04
Nearly insol m H20 (Gmelm ) Sol m

S33 pts H20 at 12° (Rammolsbprg )

Li6H(P04)2+H 0 Sol m 200 pts H2O

(Rammelsberg )

Lithium cfohydrogen phosphate, I iH^PO4

Deliquescent, and very sol m H2O (Ram-
melsberg )

en phosphate,

ol in H2O (Ram-

Li7H2(P04)3
+ 1H2O, or 2H20
melsberg )

I/ithtum pentohydrogen phosphate,

LiH6(P04),+H;0
Dehquescent, and sol m H/)

Lithium ps/rophosphate,

(Rammelsberg, BAB 1883 21 )

Lithium manganous phosphate, Li3P04,

Mn8(P04)2
Mm

Lithium potassium wefaphosphate, Li^O,

2K20, 3P205+4H20

As NH4 comp (Tarnmann, T pr 1892,
(2)45 443)

Lithium potassium p^/rophosphate, Li3KP207
(Kraut, A 1876, 182 170 )

Lithium sodium phosphate, 3Ii20, Na20,
P206

Insol mH20 Sol in dil acids (Ouvrard,
C R 110 1333)

2LioO, Na2O, 2P206 4s above (Ouvrard )

Lithium sodium p^ophosphate, Li2O, ISTa^O,
P20E

5Li/), Na2O, 3P205

4Li20, 6Na2O, 5P;O6 (Kraut, A 1S76,
182 168)

Magnesium metophosphate, Mg(P03)2
Insol m H20 or dil acids, but sol m HoS04

+ A.q (Maddiell, 4. 61 62 )
Not decomp by very long digestion with

alkali carbonates, or orthophosphates +Aq

(Fleitmann )

Magnesium <teetophosphate, Mg)(P2Oo)^-|-

9H,0

Insol m H2O, decomp by acids (Pleit-
mann, Poftg 78 259 )

Magnesium inmeiaphosphate, M

SI sol m cold H2O, more easily in hot H 0
When ignited, insol m boiling IICi-j-Aq
(Lmdbom )

Cryst with 12, or 15H2O

Magnesium te2rawe£aphosphate, Mg P4()i2
Insol m H2O, somewhit sol in IK 1-hAq

More easily sol m HNO3H-Aq, (bpc dally

easily sol m cone HJ>04 (GlaUel, Disscit

1880)

+10H20 bol m 70 pts H2() (Gl it/i 1 )

Magnesium orf/w>phosphate, Mg^fPO4) , ami
+ 5, or7H20

1 litre H2O dissolves 01 g ignited
Mg3(PO4)2 m 7 days, but 0 205 g if freshly
precipitated (Volckcr, J B 1862 131 )

1 1 H 0 with 2 g NaCl dissolves 75 8 mg ,
1 1 H2O \\ith 3 g NaNO3 dissolves 61 9 mg
Mg3(PO4)2 (Liebig, A 106 185 )

Easily sol in acids, except m acetic acid
(Schaffner, \ 50 145 )

Easily sol in H^O in presence of alkali salts

PHOSPHATE, MAGNESIUM, CHLORIDE

697

, ^fft Sol m 30 mm in diammonium

citrate +Aq (sp gr=109), tnammomum
citrate+Aq (sp gr =109) dissohes 375%
of the P206 (Erlenmever, B 14 1253 )

+20H20 Sol in 10 mm in diammonium
citrate+Aq (sp gr=109), tnammomum
citrate+Aq (sp gr =109) dissolves 232%
of the P205, sol in 15 mm in J£% citnc acid
+Aq (Erlenmeyer, I c )

Insol in liquid NH8 (Franklin, 4m Ch
J 1898, 20 828 )

Magnesium hydrogen phosphate, MgHP04+
7H20

Sol in 322 pts cold H2O in several days
If heated to 40° becomes milky, and separates
a precipitate out at 100° of same salt, so that
solution at 100° contains only 1 pt salt in 498
pts H20 Much more sol in H20 containing
traces of acids, even dil oxalic or acetic acids
(Graham, Phil Mag ^nn 2 20 ) Easily sol
m H,b03+Aq (Gerland, J pr (2) 4 127 )

Sol in aqueous solution of Mg salts, but
insol in Na2HP04+Aq (Rose) Sol in
sodium citrate+Aq (Spiller ) When freshly
precipitated it is sol in hot NH4C1 f 4q, and
NEUOH+Aq does not completely reprecipi-
tate it, less sol m NH4NOs+Aq (Brett,
Phil Mag (3) 10 96) Insol in alcohol
(Berzehus )

For solubility in H3PO4, see under MgO

H-^H2O (Debray)

-j-H2O Easily sol in dil acids (de
Schulten, C R 100 263 )

+3H20 SI sol in H2O, ea^il} in acids
(Stoklasa, Z anorg 3 67 ^

+4}^H2O (Bergmann )

+6H20 (Debray)

Magnesium Zefrahydrogen phosphate,
MgH4(P04j2

Not hygroscopic Sol in 5 pts H20 with
out decomp (Stokl isa, Z anorg 3 67 )

-f-2H2O Not hygroscopic Sol m H20
without decomp (Stoklasa, Z anorg 1 307 ]

Decomp by alcohol into MgHP04+3H20

Magnesium pg/rophosphate,

Nearly insol in H2O, readily sol in HC
or IINOs-f A.q (t rescmus )

•f 3H20 SI sol m H O, easily m HC1
HNOs+Aq, sol m H2SOa-hA.q, and Na4P20
H-Aq (Schwarzenborg )

Sol m MgSO4+Aq, and

Magnesium potassium ortAophosphate,
MgKP04

SI sol in H2O Decomp bv H->0 Easily
ol m acids
H-6H20

2MgO, K 0, 3P2O5 Insol m H2O, sol in
dil HCl+Aq (Ouvrard, C R 106 1729 )
Mg2HK(P04),-hl5H 0 fHaushofer )

Magnesium rubidium ori^ophosphate,

RbMgP04+6H20
EasiH sol m warm dil HCl+\q
Not decomp by boiling H20 (Erdmann,

A 1897, 294 73 )

Magnesium sodium fnphosphate,
-. , ,,. ^ ^ . ^ __^ ,_ ^ »

Magnesium te/raphosphate, Mg3P4Oi3

Insol in H2O (Fleitmann and Henneberg
A 65 331 )

Magnesium potassium cfometaphosphate,

Verv sol m dil acids (Ouvrard, C R
1888, 106 1729 )
-f 4H20 Sol in 10 2 pts H20 (Glatzel

Decomp in the air (Stange, Z anorg
189b,12454)

Magnesium sodium ?netaphosphate, 3MgO,

NaoO, 4P205

lasol mH20 orH3P04-fAq Scarcely sol
n HCl+Aq, or aqua regia Not decomp by
(NH4)2C03+4q Sol m cone H2SO4
(Maddrell, A 61 53)

Magnesium sodium <fc???e£aphosphate,

MgNa2(P 06),+4H 0
Sol m 25 pts H 0 (Glatzel. Dissert
1880)

Magnesium sodium fnmetaphosphate,

MgNa4(Ps09) -f 5H O
SI sol in H 0 A.fter ignition is lasol in
H 0 (Lindbom )

Magnesium sodium phosphate, lOMgO,

8Na 0, 9P2Oa

Insol in H>0, easily sol in dil acids
(Ouvrard, C R 106 1729 )

Magnesium sodium ortfzophosphate,
MgNaP04

Insol m H 0 (Rose )

+9H 0 (Schoe^ker and \ lolet, A. 140
232)

MgO, 2NTaO, P05 Insol m H O
(Ouvrard )

3MgO, 3\a 0, 2P 05 Irssol m H O
(Ouvraid )

Magnesium sodium pyrophosphate, basic ( J)
Precipitate, si sol m H 0 Basil} in HCl-r

Aq, HN03+Aq, and ^a P 0 + Vq (Baer,

Pose 75 168)

Sol m (NH4) C03+\q, and m MgS04 +

Aq
Insol in alcohol

Magnesium phosphate chloride, Mg3(P04) ,

MgCl2
(DeviUe and Caron, A ch (3) 67 455 )

PHOSPHATE, MAGNESIUM, NITROGEN OXIDE

Magnesium p?/rophosphate nitrogen cfooxide,

Mg2P207, H20, N02

Scarcely sol in water (Luck, Z anal 13
255)

Magnesium phosphate fluoride, Mg8(P04)2,

MgF2

Mm Wagnente Slowly sol mhotHNO3,
and H2S04

Magnesium phosphate calcium fluonde,

2Mg8(P04)2, CaF2
Mm Kjerulfite

Manganous dtwetophosphate, Mn2(P2O6)2

Anhydrous Insol in H2O and dil acids
(Fleitmann) Sol in cone H2S04 (Mad-
drell ) Scarcely attacked by warm Na2S +
\q, and not much more bv (NH4)2S-f Aq
Decomp by NaoCO8+Aq

+8H20 Insol in H20 and dil acids
(Fleitmann, Pogg 78 257 )

Manganous Jnmetaphosphate, Mn8(P309)2+

11H20

Difficultly sol in cold or warm H/) More
easily sol in cold, very easily in vtaim HC1+
Aq When ignited, is msol in acids, even
aqua regia (Lindbom )

Manganous forcawetaph

Sol in sodium hexametapho^phate+Aq
(Rose, Pogg 76 4 )

Mn3P6Oi8 Nearly msol in H20, easily
sol in acids (Ludert, Z anorg 6 15 )

Manganic raetophosphate, Mn(PO8)s
Insol in H2O or acids, decomp by alkalies

(Schjermng, J pr (2) 45 515 )
Insol in H2O, sol in HC1, decomp by

alkahes+Aq (Barbier, C R 1902, 135

1055)

4-H20 Insol in H2O or acids, except

HCl+Aq SI decomp b\ boiling ^ith

H2SO4 (Hermann, Pogg 74 303 )

Manganous fe/rawetophosphate, Mn (P03)4
Not attacked by acids (Glatzel, Dissert

1880)

+10H2O Sol onh in boiling cone

H2SO4 (Glatzel )

Manganous

5MnO, 5P2O6+12H2O
Ppt (Tammann, J pr 1892, (2) 45
450)

Manganous ort/iophosphate, Mn8(PO4)2

+H20 (Debray )

+3H20 Sol in 20 mm in diamomum
citrate +A.q (sp gr=109), triammonmm
citiate-fAq (sp gr =109) dissolves 302%
of the P206 (Erlenmeyer, B 14 1253 )

Efflorescent (Erlen-
meyer and Hemrich, A 190 208 )

+7HjO Very si sol in H20 (Ber/ehus >
Fasily sol in mineral acids, sol in HC2H802
-f-Aq

Easily sol in S02+Aq (Gerland. J pr
(2)4 97)

Somewhat sol in boiling (NH4) COs+Aq,
but deposited on coohng (Berzehus )

Partly sol in cold NH4C1, or NH4N08+Aq
(Brett )

Sol in cold or hot solutions of ammonium
sulphate or succinate (Wittstein )

SI sol in Mn salts +Aq (Rose, Pogg 76
25)

Insol in alcohol

Sol in 10 mm in diammomum citrate +Aq
sp gr=109), triammomum citrate-j-Aq
sp gr =109) dissolves 53% of the P2O6
(Frlenmever, B 14 1253 )

Manganous ^"hydrogen or//iophosphate,
MnHP04-h3H2O

SI sol in H20 Solution decomp at 100°
(Debray ) Slowly decomp by cold H2O into
Mn<t(PO4)2 (Erlenmeyer and Hemrich, A
190 20^ )

Easily sol in H^S08+A.q (Gerland )

SI sol in HCjH8O2, easily in cone mineral
acids (HemU ) Sol in (NH4) C08+ Aq,
from which it is repptd on boiling Decomp
by boiling KOH+Aq

Insol in alcohol

VEn8(PO4) ,, 2MnHPO4+4H2O (de Schul-
ten, C C 1905, 1 188 )

Manganous teZrahydrogen phosphate,
MnH4(P04)2+2H20

Deliquescent Fasily sol in H2O, with
decomp to MnHPO4 (Erlenmeyer and
Hemrich, A. 190 208 )

Not decomp by H2O (Otto, C C 1887
1563)

H20 decomp it into MnHPO4 and H3P04
containing some dissolved salt Jhc less
H >O used, the more MnHPO4 separates The
acid filtrate separates MnHPO4 on boiling
\t 0° the docomp mcrea&eb in pioportion
to the amt of salt, but 1 g of the salt is un-
changed in 100 g H20 With loss th in 20 g
of salt to 100 g H2O the docomp is inalogous
to that of CaH4^PO4)?, but with larger amts
of salt it is the opposite 1 - bs with

increasing amts of tho C R

1899, 129 412 )

Alcohol dissolves out H3P04 (Ilemt/ )

Penta&anganous ^"hydrogen phosphate,

Mn6H2(P04)4+4H 0

Not decomp by boiling H20 (trlen-
meyer and Hemrich, \ 190 208 )

Manganic ortAophosphate, basic, Mn2P3O9+
Sl sol in HoO

PHOSPHATE, MERCUROUS

Manganic ort/iophosphate, MnP04+H2O

Sol m acids (Christensen, J pr (2)
28 1 )

Manganous ps/rophosphate, Mn2P207

Anhydrous (Lewis, Sill Am J (3) 14
281)

+H20

+3H20 Insol inH20 Insol inMnS04+
Aq. but sol mNa4P2O7+Aq (Rose)

Difficultly sol in Na4P207+A.q, but easily
sol in K4P/)7+Aq (Pahl) Decornp by
KOH+Aq Sol in H*S08+Aq (Schwar-
zenberg )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1°-04, 37
4329)

Manganous hydrogen ps/rophosphate,

MnH2P207+4H20
Sol in H,0 (Pahl )

Manganic
Mn4P(j

Sol m H?SO4, and H3P04 (Auger, C R
1901, 133 95 )

MnHPoQ7 Insol m H O, very si at-
tacked b> dil HCl+Aq, easily by cone Sol
m cone H2SO4 (Sehjernmg, J pr (2) 45
515)

Manganous potassium cfowetaphosphate,
KsMn(P08)4+6H,0

Sol in 95 pts H2O When ignited is not
attacked bv acids (Glat/el, Dissert 1880 )

Manganous potassium or/Aophosphate,

MnKPO<

Insol in H/), easily sol m dil acids
(Ouvrard )

Manganic potassium ;;2/rophosphate,
MnKP/)7

+ 5H2O SI sol m cold H O

+3H () SI sol in cold H20 (Rosen-
heim H 1<)15, 48 584)

Manganous potassium phosphate, MnK2P O7
Inbol m HO, sol in dil inds (Ouvi ud

C R 106 172<))

+8HO SI sol m H2() (Pahl)

Mri P/)?, 2K4PO7+10H/) Difficultly

sol in HO (Pihl)

Manganic potassium />//r0phosphate,

MnKP2O7

Insol m H2O Dooomp by acids anc
bases (Srhjernmg )

Manganic silver pyrophosphate,
AgMnP O7+3H20

Almost msol m H2O (Rosenheim, B
1915, 48 585 )

Manganous sodium Znphosphate,
M

SI sol in H2O , the melt obtained by heating
.he salt is readily sol in H2SO4 (Stange. Z
anorg 1896, 12 455 )

Manganous sodium <foraetaphosphate.

MnNa2(P03)i+6H2O
Easily sol in boiling HoSO4, but not at-
tacked by acids after boiling (GlatzeL
Dissert 1880)

Manganous sodium inmetophosphate,
Sol in S2O (Fleitmann and Henneberg )
MnNa(PO3)3 Insol m H2O, dil acids, or

alkalies (Sehjernmg, J pr (2)45 515)

Manganous sodium octowetaphosphate.

Mn3Na2(P03)8
Insol in acids except cone H2S04 (Tam-

mann J pr 1892, (2) 45 469 )

+5H20 Almost msol m cold H 0
Decomp by boihng H20 with separation

of Mn203 (Rosenheim, B 1915, 48 584 )

Manganous sodium or/^ophosphate.

MnNaP04

Insol in H20 (Ouvrard, C R 106 172S
MnO, 2Na20, P2O6 As above

Manganous sodium pz/rophosphate,

angano

Mn

Insol m H2O, easily sol m dil acids

(Wallroth )

+4MH20 Very si sol m H O (Pahl )
3Mn2P2O7, 2Na4P2O7+24H20 Very si

sol m H2O (Pahl )

Manganic sodium pyrophosphate, MnNaP207

+H20
(Chribtcnson, J pr (2) 28 1 )

Manganic d^pyrophospha.te ammonia,
Mn2PiO,4, 2NH3

Insol in H2O

Dcronip by HC1 ind In ilkahos (Bir-
bur, C R 1902,135 1100)

Manganous phosphate chloride, Mn3(PO4) ,
MnCh

Insol m H/) (D< ville and Caron, A ch
(3) 67 459

SMna(PO4)2, MnClo Insol in H O (De-
ville and Caron )

Mercurous

Ppt Sol in sodium hoximctaphosphate
H-Aq (Rose )

HgoPeOis Insol m IT O, vory si sol in
acids (Ludort, Z ariorg 6 15 )

Moderately sol m H2O when freshly pptd
Moie sol in acids than the mercurous salt
(Ludert )

700

PHOSPHATE, MERCUROUS

Mercurous or tophosphate, (

Ppt Decomp b\ boiling with H20 (Ger-
hardt )

Sol m HNOa+Aq Sol in Hg2(N03)2-|-
Aq Insol m H*P04-hAq

Mercuric or^ophosphate, H

Insol in HjO SI sol m hot H20, crystal-
lizing out on cooling (Haack, A 262 185
Slowly sol in cold dil , quickly in hot dil or
cold cone HCl+Aq Less easily sol in
HN03+Aq Sol m H3P04+^q (Ber/p-
liua ) Insol m H8PO4+Aq (Haack ) De-
comp by NaCl-f Aq into msol HgCl2,
3HgO, but sal m NaCl+Aq, containing
HN03 (Haack )

Sol in 6 pts NH4C1 in aqueous solution by
heating (Trommsdorff )

Sol in (NHJsCOs, (NH4) S04, or NH4NO8
-f Aq (Wittstem )

Insol in alcohol

Mercuromercunc ortAophosphate, 7Hg20.

14HgO, 2P206+20H20
(Brooks, Pogg 66 63)

Mercurous p^rophospliate, Hg4P207-|-H20

Sol ui Na4P207-j-Aq, when recently pptd
Insol in Na4PjO7+Aq. *hen heated to 100°
Sol in HNO3-f Aq Decomp by HCl+A.q
(Schwar/enberg, A 65 133 )

Mercuric pg/^ophosphate, Hg2P207

Sol in acids, insol m Na^OrH-Aq, after

being heated to 100° Sol m NaCl+Aq,

quickly decomp b\ NaOH+Aq, and

Na2HP04+Aq

Sol in 6 pts NH4C14-Aq (Trommsdorff )
Sol m NH4N03,(NH4)S04, and (NH4)2CO3

4-Aq, also in KI + \q

Mercurous silver orthophosphate, AgHg2PO4

Sol in HNO3 (Jacobsen, Bull Soc 1909,
(4) 5 94Q )

Molybdenum phosphate, Mo2(PO4)2 (?)
Insol m H20 Sol m Mod + Aq

Molybdenum sodium p^ophosphate,

Ppt (Rosenheim, B 1915, 48 589 )

Nickel dkraetaphosphate, NiP2Oa

Insol in H20 or dil acids Sol in cone
H2S04 Not decornp by boihng alkali car-
bonates or sulphides + Aq (Maddrell.
A 61 58

-h4H20 Sol m cold acids (Glatzel.
Dissert 1880)

Nickel ^e^metophosphate, Ni2P4Oi2

Insol m HC1 Sol in cone HN03 and
pecialh sol m H>S04 on boiling (Glatzel )

Nickel teZrawefophosphate, Ni2P4Oi2+
12H20

Easily sol in acids (Glatzel)

Nickel or^ophosphate, Ni3fP04)2-f7H2O
Insol in H20 Sol in aoids (Rammesl-

berg, Pogg 68 383 )
Sol in Ni salts +Aq (Rose, Pogg 76

25)

Insol in Na HP04+ A.q (Tupputi, 1811 )
Very si sol in hot (NH4)2HP04+Aq
Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B

1909, 42 3700), ethvlacetate (Naumann,

B 1910,43 314)

Nickel pyrophosphate, Ni2P207+6H20

Insol in H20, sol in mineral acids, Na4P207
•f Aq, and NH4OH+Aq Not pptd from
Ni2P207+Aq by alcohol (Schwarzenberg,
A 65 158)

Nickel potassium tfome£aphosphate,

NiK,P4Ou+«H,0
Sol m 130 pts H20 (Glatzel )

Nickel potassium ortf&ophosphate, NiKP04
Insol in H20, sol ui dil acids COuvrard.

R 106 1729)
3NiO, 3K2O, 2P2Ofi As above

Nickel sodium /nphosphate, Na3NiP3Oi9+

Very sol in H20 , decomp in Aq solution
(Schwarz, Z anorg 1895, 9 261 )

Nickel sodium raetaphosphate, 3Ni(PO3)2,
NaP03

Insol in H20 and dil acids Sol in cone
H2S04 (Maddrell, A 61 56)

NiNa4(P03)3+8H2O Easily sol in H2O
(Lmdbom )

Nickel sodium cforae/aphosphate, NiNo,2P4Oi2

fel sol m H20 Moderately sol in adds
(Glatzel, Disseit 1880 )

Nickel sodium tnmetophosphate,
Ni2Na2(P308)2+9H20

1 1 H20 dissolves bO 6 g at 20° (lam-
mann, J pr 1892, (2) 45 42b ^

NasNiP3Oio + 12H20 Insol md not de-
comp by II 0 Sol in acids (Schwai/, Z
anorg 1895, 9 261 )

Nickel sodium octowetaphosphate,

Na2Ni3fP03)3
( fammann, J pr 1892, f 2) 45 469 )

Nickel sodium or^ophosphate, NiNaPOi-f
7H20

Ppt (Debray, C R 59 40 )

NiO, 2NaoO, P206 Insol m H20 Easily
sol in dil acids (Ouvrard )

PHOSPHATE, POTASSIUM HYDROGEN

701

Nickel sodium ^s/rophosphate,

Insol in H2O Moderately sol in acids
(Wallroth )

Osmium phosphate (?)

SI sol in H2O, SD! m HN03+Aq (Ber
zekus )

Palladium ortAophosphate (?)
Ppt

Phosphorus phosphate, 4P40, 3P»05 (>)

Deoomp spontaneously Sol in H20 and
alcohol wh en fresh, insol m ether (leVemer,
4 27 167, Remitter, B 14 1884)

Platinum phosphate, PtPoO

Insol in H2O, acids and alkalies Decomp
by fusing with potassium carbonate (Bar-
nett, C N 1895, 71 256 )

Potassium raonowetaphosphate, KPOs
Nearly m<nl m H20, sol m weak acids,

even in acetic acid (Maddrell, A 61 62 )
Insol in H2O and weak acids (Fleitmann,

Pogg 78

In 1000 g of the solution mols

K

P04

6 80

4 08

6 80

4 05

6 76

3 96

6 50

3 81

6 16

3 61

5 24

3 25

4 42

2 94

ogg

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 829 )

Potassium dtraetaphosphate, K2PA$+H/)

Sol m 1 2 pts cold H20, but not more m
hot H20 TFleitmann, Pogg 78 250 )

Potassium £?*2>?m?£(zphosphate« 1x31309
Very sol in cold H2Q before it is fused
(Lmdbom, Aoti I und 1873 14 )

Potassium or/&ophosphate, K3P04
Not deliquescent Ver> sol in H2()
(Graham, Pogg 32 47)
Very si sol m cold, ( isilv in hot H/)
(Darra( q )

Solubility in H3P04+Aq at 25°

Solubility in H3PO4+Aq at 25°

In 1000 g of the solution mols

K

P04

2 90
1 70
1 60
1 48
1 7S
2 18
2 54
2 66
2 98
3 32

2 36
1 71
1 67
1 46
3 15
4 65
6 32
6 76
S 03
8 80

In 1000 ^ of th< solution mols

K

P04

<) H
S S4
S 42
7 52
<> 90
(> SS

4 13
$ 22

} 44
i 7S
4 15
4 12

(D'Ans and Schremer, Z phys Ch 1910, 76
103)

(D'Ans and Schremer, Z phys Ch 1910, 75
103)

Insol in alcohol

Potassium hydrogen or£/iophosphate,

2K2HP04; KH2P04+H20
Very unstable, very sol in H20 \vith de-
comp Identical with the substance de-

scribed as dipotassium phosphate by Ber-
zehus (Staudenmaier, Z anorg 1894, 6
389)

3KaHP04, KH PO4+2H20 Verv unstable,
very sol in H 0 with decomp (Stauden-
maier )

Potassium hydrogen or^ophosphate,

K2HP04
Deliquescent Very sol in H O and alcohol

Solubility in H8PO4+Aq at 25°

(D'Ans and Schremer, Z phys Ch 1910, 75
103)

Potassium eKhydrogen phosphate, KH2P04
Deliquescent Easily sol in H2O (Vau-

quelm, A ch 74 96 )
1 1 sat aq solution at 7° contains 249 9 g

KH2P04 (Muthmann and Kuntze, Z Kryst

Mm 1894, 23 308 )

I

bp gr of KH,PO4-f Aq at 1S° (outlining

5 10 15% KH PO4

1 0341 1 0691 1 1092

(Kohhausch, W Ann 1879 1)

Sol in 20% KC H3O2+Aq (Strom ever )
For solubility in H2O, see K2HP04, H8PO4
Insol m alcohol

702

PHOSPHATE, POTASSIUM, ACID

Potassium ortfwphospihate, acid, KH2P04,
H8P04

Potassium sodium ps/rophosphate,
K2Na2P207+12H2O

Solubility in H2O at t°

Sol m H20 (Schwarzenberg, 4 65 140 )

t°

%

KH2PO4 HsPO4

Solid phase

Potassium strontium <fe?netaphosphate,
K2Sr(Po06)2+4H20

On

T

As the KBa comp (Glatzel, Dissert 1880 )

6

3

337

Ice

-25

— 6 7

12
29

13

C(

ee

Potassium strontium fozametaphosphate,

- 9 2

«£ft7

36

98

te

K2Sr2P6Oi8

-13

44

Ice+KH2P04

(Tammann, J pr 1892, (2) 45 435 )

0 ( ?}

45

8

KH2P04

4-10 9

50

3

Potassium strontium orlAophosphate,

65 2

68

44

it

KSrP04

78

72 43

a

Insol inH20,sol indil acids (Grandeau,

87 5

77 6

it

A. ch (6) 8 193 )

105 5

85 9

tt

120

92 1

~T".KH2PO4j HjPO4

Potassium strontium p^ophosphate,

135

96 1

KH2PO4, HjPO4

K2SrP207

139

100

tt

Insol in H20, sol m dil acids (Ouvrard,

(Parravano and Mieli, Gazz ch it 38 II,

C R 106 1599)

536)

Potassium thorium phosphate, K20, 4Th02,

Solubility in anhydrous HsP04 at t°

Insol in HC1, HN03, or aqua regia
(1 roost and Ouvrard, C R 102 1422)

t°

% KH2PO4 H3PO4

Kn 1 ViO P«Or Tncnl ir\ TToO csnl in

3ft *

18 17

2W< J. Hv_/2j •*^2^-'5 XXlBUl 1JUL XX2V, oUl 1JLL

HNOs+Aq (Troost and Ouvrard )

58 42

6K20, 3ThO2, 4P206 Sol in acids

77 53

(Troost and Ouvrard )

J

92 26

Prttflffsnrm fm rstannic^ nhrvsnTiatft. IC«O.

Potassium pyrophosphate, K4P207-f-3H20
Very deliquescent, and sol m H2O
Precipitated from aqueous solution by al-
cohol (Schwar/enberg, A 65 136 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Kaumann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

Potassium hydrogen yrc/rophosphate,

assium hyd
K2H2P207

Very deliquescent, and sol m H?O Insol
in alcohol (Sch\\ar7enbcrg )

Potassium silver metophosphate,

K2A?4(P03)6+H20
(Tammann, J pr 1892, (2) 45 417 )

Potassium sodium dmefophosphate,

KNaP O6+H2O

Sol m 24 pts H 0 (Fleitmann, Pog-g 78
339)

Potassium sodium phosphate, KNaHPO4 +
7H20

Not efflorescent Sol in H20

!Tn.potassium insodium /ieo;ahydrogen phos-
phate, H6Na3Ks(P04)4 f 22H;20
Sol in H20 fFilhol and Senderens, C R
3 388)

4Sn02, 3P206
(Ouvrard, C R 111 177)
K2O, 2Sn02, P205 (Ouvrard )

Potassium titanium phosphate, K2O, 4TiO ,

3P206

(Ouvrard C R 111 177)
K2O, 2TiO , P205 (Ouvrard )

Potassium uranous phosphate, 4U02, K20,

3PoO5

Practically msol in cone HN()3 and HC1.
even when the acids aio boiling Attackocl
by HF+HN08 (Colam, A ch 1907, (S) 12
133)

Potassium uranous wetophosphate, U02,

K O, P205

Pasil> sol m HN03 Sol m cone HC1
(Colam )

Potassium uranous p2/rophosphate, 3UO ,

6K2O, 4P2O6
Sol in acids (Colam )

Potassium uranyl phosphate, K20, UO3,

P205

(Ouvrard, C R 110 1333)
2K20, U03, P205 (Ouvrard )
K2O, 2U03, P205 (Ouvrard )

PHOSPHATE, SILVER

Potassium uranyl or^ophosphate,

K(U02)P04-f3H20
As NH4 comp (Lienau, Dissert 1898 )

Potassium vanadium phosphate
See Phosphovanadate, potassium

Potassium yttrium phosphate, 3K20, \20
2P206

K20,Y 03, 2P2O5

3K20, 5Y203, 6P2O6 (Dubom C R, 107
622)

Potassium zinc Zeframetophosphate,
K,Zn(P03)4+6H20

Sol m 70 pts HO (Glatzel, Dissert
1880)

Potassium zinc phosphate, KZnP04

Insol mH20 Sol mdil acids (Ouvrard

€ R 106 1729 )

K2ZnP/)7 As above

Potassium zirconium phosphate, K2O, 4Zr02,
3P QS

Insol in ae ids or aqua regia ( Troost and
Ouvrard, C R 102 1422 )

K20, ZrOo, P205 Insol m H,O, HN03,
HC1, or aqua regi i Sol in hot eonc H2S04
(Troost and Ouvrard )

Potassium phosphate selenate
See Selenophosphate, potassium

Potassium hydrogen phosohate sulphate,
KH2P04, KHSO< *

Deoomp b\ If O mel ileohe>l (Jirque-
lam)

Rhodium phosphate, basic, 4Hh ()«, HP O +

32 H 0

Insol in H O 01 ie ids «. I uis )
Rh2O<, PO 4-(>ir O = HhPO,-f UE O Sol

in PI20 (Cl uis )

Rubidium wtophosphate, ItbPO,

Sol in IK) (vonBdi*;, B J()01 34 41S*)

Rubidium or^ophosphate, Rl)J>()1-h4I[,()

Hyelioseoi)if , so] in IT O pptrl byihohol
(von Berf,, B !<)()! 34 1lSi )

Rubidium hydrogen or/7iophosphate,

Sol ni H2O; msol m cone NH4OH+Aq,

msol m alcohol (\on

Rubidium dihydrogen or^ophosphate,
RbH P04

Very sol in H O, pptd b\ ilcohol (von
Berg)

Rubidium p^ophosphate, R
H^droscopic, sol m H/) (von Berg )

^^TT^ftrjttT)^ ciw/tiycw'owic^cipnospnatei on^

5P206
Insol m H20 or HNO8-|-Aq (Cleve )

Samanum orl/wphosphate, 3mPO4
Scarcely attacked by boiling HNOs+

(Cleve )
+2H20

Samanum p^ophosphate, SmHP2O7-f-
1^H20

(Cleve)
Sihcon phosphate

See Silicophosphonc acid
Silver metophosphate, \g2O, 2P2O6+H20

(Kroll, Z anorg 1912, 76 408 )
Silver <&wetfaphosphate, Ag2P2Oc

Very si sol in H O (Fleitmann. Pt
78 253)

Sol in cold aniline metaphosphate+
(Nicholson )

Very si sol in H20 (Waischiuer, I
sert 1903)

+H20 Verv sol m H2O (I angheld,
1912,46 3760)

Silver tfnmefaphosphate, Ag«jP?O0
Sol m 60 pts cold H20 Can be crys

lizcdfrom cone HN03 + A.q (Fleitmann

Henneberg )

+H2O (Lmdbom )

Iver Aeojam^aphosphate, AgrPoOm
Insol m H20 Sol m HNO3 or NH4()1

Aq, and in a, laigc excess of &odiuin he

met iphosphate + Aq (R ose )
Fabily de comp by N i2S4-Aq
Docomp gradually bv hot HO i

\Vh(n freshly pptd, (dsily sol in 1J
lijasil> sol in dil deiels (ludeit, / in<
6 lr>)

Silver or//i(?phosphate, AgJPOi

V<i> si sol in H/) 11 11 O disso
)r>Xl03 K AgiPOj it 1<) i()° (Polt^i
phys Ch 1903 46 W)^ )

Sol in H*P()4> HNO,, 01 HC IL,O +Aq
NH4OH 01 (NH4) ( Oi-r-Aq J c ss < isil>
uninoniuni niti ite 01 siueinite UK I m<
!)l(Nl> m (NHjj^SOi + Aq 'I iss ug"<
Pluiini (i) 16 2V) )

Insol in NJI HPO4+Aq (Stiomevd )

Not pptd in presence e>f Ni (ill
Spilloi )

If 1 mol \gjPO4 is be)il<el with I i
Na2CO<{, 44% of it i^ (iteomp (M il ipit

llcadily sol in se)lublc hy[)0hiil[)hit< sH-
with deeomp (Herschcl )

Insol m A^ salts -1- \q (Hose )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Oem Am Ch
.898, 20 820 )

704

PHOSPHATE, SILVER HYDROGEN

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329 )

Insol in methvl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790) eth>l acetate (Naumann,
B 1910,43 314)

Silver hydrogen ortfiophosphate, A.g2HP04
Decomp by H2O or alcohol into HsPO* and

4gJP04 (Joly, C R 103 1071 )
Sol in H3P04+Aq, msol in ether

(Schwarzenberg, A 66 162 \

Silver p2/rophosphate,

Insol in hot or cold H20 ^ol in cold
HNOs+Aq without decomp Deeomp by
hot HN03 01 H2S04 into orthophosphate
Decomp by HCl+Aq into AgCl and H3P04
Insol m HC2H3O2-f4.q Sol in NH4OH+
Aq without decomp (Strome\er, Schw I
58 126)

Insol in Na4P207-f Aq Very si sol m
AgN03+Aq (Schwarzenberg, A 65 161 )

Not complete!} msol in NaJPsOy+Aq
(Rose )

Insol in acetone (Eidrnann, C C 1899,
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329 )

Silver hydrogen ps/rophosphate, A.g H^P2O?

Decomp by H2O into Ag4P/)7 (Hurtzig
and Geuther, A 111 160 )

Decomp b> cold HO (Ca\iher, C R
1904, 139 285 )

Silver hydrogen pr/rophosphate

phate, 2Ag2HP,07, HPO,
Decomp bv H2O Ensily sol in HV)3-f
Aq (H and G )

Silver tefraphosphate, 6Ag O, IP () =

Insol in, but gradu ill> dorornp In boiling
HO (Bpizclwb)

Sol in large (x«ss of th( < ornspnndnik
Na s ilt -f ^<1
Silver deka phosphate, Vg, PioOn

Easily sol in sodium dc k iphosph it( + \q
(Ilutminn and Hcnmbug, \ 65 M(H

Silver w//n*phosphate, \k O 5PO

(Kroll, Z moig 1<H2 76 107 )
Silver sodium (km da phosphate, \g\ iP O(

bol in H O flldtniinn ind II< mu bnj.,
Pogg 65 UO)

Silver sodium pyrophosphate, (» \js4PO,

Ni4P() +4HO

Not (omphtcly sol in \ ij* O -f \q
]<afc>ily sol in HNO-j-f \q (Bur, Po^ 75
152)

iLisilv sol in H () (Mioinf\<r )
AgaNiP OT + ^iH () Ppt (St ing< , Z
anoig 189b, 12 460)

Silver uranyl phosphate, 2\g O, (>li<>3, iP O6

+30H.O
(BlmkofT Dissert 1900)

Silver phosphate ammonia, Ag3PO4, 4NH3

(Widmann, B 17 2284 )
Sodium inphosphate, NaGP3010

Very sol m H20, decomp easilv in a<
solution at 100° (Schwarz, Z anore 189
9 253)

Sodium monometophosphate, NaPO3
Insol in H2O Sol in dil and cone acid

(Maddrell, A 61 63)
Insol in acids (Graham )
Gradually decomp by alkalies

Sodium dtmetaphosphate, Na2P206+2H20

Deliquescent Sol in 7 2 pts of c old or h
H2O Very gol in cone ITCl+Aq Sol
NaOH+Aq Insol in strong, very si sol
dilute alcohol (Fleitmann Pogg 78 246 )

Sodium Znmetaphosphate, Na3P3O9+6H20
Sol m 4 5 pts cold H/) Insol in stror

very si sol in dil alcohol (Fleitmann a I

Henneberg, A 65 307 )

Decomp by boiling H2O (Lmdbom )

Sodium £efr*(Z'WZ6£fflphosph.atei Na4?40i2

Sol m H/), cr>st with about 4H2O I< }
sol in alcohol thin in HaO (Fleitmar
Pogg 78 851)

Sodium he x imeti phosphate, NoJV)is

Dehquoscent V( ry sol m H2O Insol i
ihohol (Grihun Pogg 32 56)

Sodium or^/iophosphate, Nr ^3PO4 + 12H^O

Not dcliquoscont in dry ur

100 pt« H O <liHso!vc 19 () pt«? cr>stals at 15
(( r ihum )

100 pts I1O dissolve 2S 3 i>ts N i3PO
1211 O it 15° (S(hifT)

Solubility in PI3PO4+Aq at 25°

In 1000 k of th< HolutH ti in >ls

\n

I o»

1 2S

0 OK)

i 24

0 IS*

2 2\

0 752

2 7$

1 OS

(D'Vns iiuJ Sclirtiner, Z phys Ch 1910, >
101 )

Sp Kr of NijPOj-fAq it 15°

Sp kr

Sp tfr

C

Sp t

1

1 (M>4*

<)

1 OW

17

1 07 J

2

1 (M)Sf)

10

1 04r>5

18

1 0? r

3

i ono

11

1 0492

19

1 0* >

4

1 0174

12

1 0539

20

1 Oc >

5

1 021S

H

1 05S(>

21

1 CK )

6

1 02(>3

14

1 0633

22

1 K )

7

1 030S

15

1 0681

23

1 K 3

h

1 0353

Ib

1 0729

24

1 1] 1

(bchiff, calculated by Gerlach, Z anal 820

PHOSPHATE, SODIUM

705

Insol in CS; (Arctowski, Z anorg 1894,
6 257 )
Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)
-f 10H2O (Eammefeberg )
Could not be obtained (Hall, J pr 94
237 )
+7H20 (Hall )
Melts in crystal water at 76 6° (Graham )

Sodium hydrogen phosphate, Na2HP04
Sol in H20 with evolution of heat
100 pts H20 dissolve at t°

Solubility m H20 at t°

t°

G NasHPCU in 100 g HjO

10 26
25 15
40 29
60 23

99 77

3 55
12 02
54 88
83 00
102 15

Three breaks m the curve at 36 45°, transi-
tion from dodecahydrate to heptahydrate,
at 48°, transition from heptahydrate to the
dihydrate, at 95 2°, transition from dihydrate
to the monoh\draie (Shiomi, C C 1909,
II 106)

Solubility of Na2HP04 m H20 at t°

t°

Pts
NaaHPO4

fo PtS .0

1 Na2HP04 *

Pts
NasHPO*

0
10
20
30

155
410
1108
19 95

40 30 88 80
50 43 31 90
60 55 29 100
70 68 72 106 2

8129
9502
10820

11443

t°

" \ •><

j t

i
Solid phase

(Poggiale J Pfcarm (3) 44 273 )

100 pts H2O at 13° dissolve 34 pts NasHPOa
(Ferem Ph Viertelj 7 244) at 15° 5 9 pts (Neese)
at 16° 6 3 pts (Mulder) at 16° 8 4 pts (MtOler J
pr 95 52) at 20° 6 8 pts (Neese Russ Z Pharm 1
101) at 25° 12 5 pts (ibid )

Solubility in 100 pts H20 at t°

-0 43
-0 24
-0 5*
+0 05
20 0
25 0
32 0
34 0
35 2*
39 2
45 0
48 3*
50 0
60 0
80 0
90 0
95*
96 2
105 0
120

1 43
070

1 67

7 66
12 0
25 7
33 8

51 8
67 3

802

82 9
92 4
101 0
104 6
102 3
99 2

Ice
ft

Na2HP04+12H2O
tt

tt

ec
et

Na2HP04+7H20

cc

Na2HP04-h2H20
Na2HP04

t°

Pts
NaaHPCh

t°

Pts
Na2HP04

t°

Pts
Na2HP04

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34

2 5
2 6
2 6
2 7
2 7
2 S
3 0
3 2
3 4
3 6
3 9
4 2
4 5
4 9
5 3
5 8
6 3
6 9
7 6
8 4
9 3
10 3
11 4
12 6
14 0
15 4
16 9
18 5
20 2
22 0
24 1
26 4
29 1
32 1
35 5

35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
4S
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68

39 3
43 6
49 5
55 5
60 6
63 9
66 2
68 6
70 8
72 9
74 8
76 5
78 2
79 7
81 2
82 5
83 7
84 8
85 8
86 7
87 7
88 6
89 4
90 2
90 9
91 6
92 2
92 7
93 1
93 5
93 8
94 1
94 4
94 6

69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
105
105 57
106 4

94 8
95 0
95 1
952
95 4
95 6
95 8
96 0
96 1
96 3
96 5
96 6
96 8
96 9
97 0
97 1
972
974
97 5
97 6
97 7
97 8
97 9
98 0
98 1
98 2
98 4
98 5
98 6
98 7
98 8
82 5
80 7
79 2

(Menzies and Humphery, Int Cong App
Chem 1912, 2 177 )
* Transition points

Solubility in H 0 at t°

t

100 g H-jO
dissoh e g Solid phase
NaJIPO

0°
25
35 4*
40 3
48 35*
59 7
71
91

2 51 Na HP04) 12H 0
12 47
46 11 Na HP04, 7H20
54 80
79 00 Na HPO4, 2H 0
91 3
95 1
98 15

(D'Ans and Schremer Z phjs Ch 1911,
75 99)
transition points

The composition of the hv drates formed by
this salt at different dilutions is calculated

(Mulder, Schak Verhandel 1864 lus ;

706

PHOSPHATE, SODIUM HYDROGEN

from determinations of the lowering; of the fr -
pt produced by the salt and of the conduotn-
itv and sp gr of its aqueous solutions (Jones,
Am Ch 1 1905, 34 318 )
Na2HPO4+Aq saturated at 15° has 1 04b9
sp gr (Michel and Krafft) , saturated at 16°,
1 0511 (Stolba)

Sp gr of Na2HP04+Aq at 19°

Solubility in H8P04-|-Aq at 25°

In 1000 g of the solution mols

Na

PO4

6 31

6 76
7 31

4 63
4 88
5 55

(D'Ans and Schreiner. Z phys Ch 1910, T
101)
See also above

+12H2O Efflorescent Sol m H20 wi \
absorption of heat
14 pts NaoHP04+12H O mixed with 1 )
pts II20 at 10 8° lower the temperature 3
(Rudorff, B 2 68 )

Sol m 8 48 pts HaO at 17° or 100 pts H2O dissc
11 8 pts at 17° and solution has sp gr =10422 (Sch )
Sol in 4 pts cold and 2 pts boiling H2O (Page] )
Sol in 4 pts HaO at 18 75° ( Abl )
100 pts H2O dissolve 12 735 pts Na2HP04+12H
(Michel and Krafft )

% NasHP04

+12HaO

Sp gr

% Na2HP04
+12H2O

Sp gr

% NasHPO*
+12H20

Sp gr

1

2
3

4

1 0041
1 0083
1 0125
1 0166

5

6

7
8

1 0208
1 0250
1 0292
1 0332

9
10
11
12

1 0376
1 0418
1 0460
1 0503

ffinhiff. A 110 70 >

Saturated solution freezes at — 0 45° (Ru-
dorff. Pogg 122 337), and boils at 105°
(Griffiths), 105-1064° (Mulder), 1085° (Le-
grand)

Sat Na2HPO4fAq boils at 1055° (Grif-
fiths) at 1065°, and contains 1132 pts
Na2HPO4 to 100 pts H20 (Legrand), forms a
crust at 106 4°, and contains 108 8 pts
Na2HPO4 to 100 pts H O highest temp ob-
serve d, 1068° (GerLach, Z anal 26 127)

B -pt of Na2HPO4+Aq containing pts
Na2HP04to 100 pts H20 G = accord-
ing to Gerlach (Z anal 26 450), L =
accordmg to Legrand (A ch (2) 59 426 )

B-pt

G

L

B pt

G

r

100 5°

8 6

11 0

104°

68 4

76 4

101

17 2

21 0

104 5

76 9

84 2

101 5

25 8

31 0

105

85 3

91 5

102

34 4

40 8

105 5

93 7

98 4

102 5

42 9

50 3

106

102 1

105 0

103

51 4

59 4

106 5

110 5

111 4

103 5

59 9

68 1

106 6

112 6

H-H2O Transition point, 95 2° (Shiomi )

4-2H2O Transition point, 48 35° (D'Ans
and Schreiner), 48° (Shiomi), 483° (Menzies
and Humphery)

-f-7PI2O Not efflorescent Sol m II20
•with absorption of he it

Sol m 8 pts H20 at 23° (IsTecse, J B
1863 1S1 )

Transition point, 354° (D'Ans and
Schreiner), 3645° (Shiomi), 352° (Menzies
and Humphery)

100 pts H20 dissolve b 5 pts NaoHPO
12H O at 0°, 27 5 pts at 30° (Tilden, Che
Soc 45 409 )

Solubility in H3P04-fAq at 25°

In 1000 g of the solution mols

Na

POi

2 62

1 09

1 56

0 7S

2 3S

1 W)

3 18

2 21

4 h5

$ ^5

5 b*

5 S7

CD'Ans and Schreiner, Z phys Ch 1910, )

101)
fete ilso ibov<

Melts in crystal w it< i lx low 100°, d
( isily fo rns sup< rs itiu it«l solutions (C yr-
I ussa< )

Mtlts in uystil 1I2O il {4 ()° (IV iw), )c
(kopp), 40-41° (Muldu)

Melts in (i>stil IEO it r>° ( I ilc n,
Clum Sor 45 1()<) )

SiiptiScitui it«l solutions IK hioii^ht to
oiyst ilhzation hv uldition of i (ivsti of
Na2HP()4-|-12lI O oi in isonioiphous b
^tmce u, Ni I[As()4 + lJir O f I l»om n,
Chcm Soc 35 200)

Insol in ilc oliol

Sodium cfoliydrogen phosphate,

Veiy sol in H2() In&ol in iloc ol
(Graham )

-f-2H2O Unchnng-od on air Very so in

H2O, and solubility mcroasos i ipiclly witt he

temperature (Jolv and Dufet, C R )2
1391)

PHOSPHATE, SODIUM

707

100 pts H20 dissolve 59 9 pts at 0°, 84 6
pts at 18° ( Joly and Duf et )

Solubility of NaH2P04 in H20 at t°
G of anydrous NaH2P04 in 100 g H20
Solid phase, NaH2P04+2H20

* -h7H O (Salzer, Arch Pharm 1894, 232
365)
+7J$S20 ( Joulie )

Sodium ortfwphosphate acid, NaHjPO4
H8PO4
Hygroscopic Decomp b\ alcohol
(Staudenmaier, Z anorg 1894, 5 395 )

Solubility of NaH2P04, H8PO4 in H20 at t°

t°

G NaH2P04

t°

G NaH2PO4

0 1
1 0
3 0
5 0
10 0
15 0
20 0
25 0
26 0
27 0

57 86
59 08
61 47
63 82
69 87
76 72
85 21
94 63
96 73
99 20

28 0
30 0
31 0
33 0
34 0
35 0
37 0
40 2
40 55

101 71
106 45
108 93
114 31
117 14
120 44
126 76
138 16
110 83

t°

NalfiPO*
HsP04

Sohd phase

- 5 7
-79
-11 4
-38
-34
+41
51 7
79 7
85
101 7
104 5
110
119
126 5

20 77
26 92
34 15
56 66
80 46
81 82
83 68
87 48
88 65
91 47
92 67
95 79
97 99
100

Ice

1C

It
tt

NaH2P04

(t

a
tc

(C

"+NaH2P04, H3P04
NaH2P04, H3PO4

tc
It
{(

40 8°, transition point
Solid phase, NaH2P04+H20

41
42
45
50

142 55
143 83
148 20
158 61

52
55
56
57

163 84
170 85
173 23
175 81

57 4°, transition point
Solid phase, NaH2P04

(Parravano and Midi, Gazz ch it 38, II
536)

Solubility in anhydrous H3P04

58
60
62
65

177 24
179 33
181 35
184 99

69
80
90
99 1

190 24
207 29
225 31
246 56

t°

% NaH PO4 HsPCh

98 5 52 72

111 69 59
119 77 55
122 81 71
123 87 20

(Imadzu, Chem Soc 1912, 33 359 )
Solubility in H3P04+Aq at 25°

In 1000 K of the solution mols

(Parravano and Midi )

H-H 0 Very deliquescent Oalzer, \rch
Phaim 18<M, 232 3601

Sodium ^rophosphate, Ni4P O , and
+ 10HO
I ess sol in H 0 than sodium hydrogen
orthophosphate (Clark, Ed J Sci 7 298 )
100 pts H>O dissolve (a) pts> Na4P O7, (b)
pt& Na4P2O7-HOHOdt
0° 10° 20° 30° 40° 50°
a 316 395 623 995 I9 oO 174)
b 541 6 SI 1002 1811 2497 3325

60° 70° bO° W 100°
a 21 83 25 62 30 04 3o 11 40 2b
b 4407 5211 6340 7747 93 11
(Poggiale )

Nu

P04

<3 19

6 01
5 12
4 81
4 to
4 Ob
4 10
4 52
4 65
4 SS

4 68
4 67
4 36
4 22
4 08
4 03
4 38
4 96
5 80
6 40

(D'Ans and Schremer, Z phys Ch 1910, 75
101)

7'rcsodium inhydrogen phosphate,
Na3H (P04)2

••IVJrvf Vi \rrlrnaor\nir* ftnl in K O in all nrO-

portions (Joulie, C R 1902, 134 604 )

+lJiH20 Sol in H20 (Filhol and
Senderens, C R 93 388 )

Sol m HofeO4 (Walden, Z anorg 1902,
29 384)

708

PHOSPHATE, SODIUM HYDROGEN

Crystallizes unchanged from NH4C1-|-A£[
(Wmkler), or cone NH4OHH- \.q (Uelsmann )

Decomp into orthophosphate by heating
with H2SO4, HC1, HC2H3O2, or H3PO4+^q

Tnsol m liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 829 )

Insol m alcohol Insol in methyl acetate
(Naumann, B 1909, 42 3790 )

Sodium hydrogen pyi ophosphate, Na2H2P207

Decomp by H20 Sol in H20 containing
HC2HsO2 without decomp (Bayer, J pr
106 501 )

SI sol in alcohol Much more sol in HoO
than NaH2P04

+6H2O (Rammelsberg, BAB 1883
21)

100 g sat solution contain 14 95 g
Na2H2P207 at 18° (Giran, A ch 1902, (7)
30 249)

NaHsPiO? Very hvdroscopic (Salzer,
Arch Pharm 1894, 232 3b9 )

100 g sat solution contain 62 7 g at 18°
(Giran, A ch 1902, (7) 30 249)

NasHP2O7-i-H20 Sol m 3 pts H20
(SaLaer, Arch Pharm 1894, 232 366 )

-f 6H2O 100 g sat solution contain 28 17
g Na8HP207 at 18° (Giran )

Sodium tafraphosphate, Na<jP4Oi3

Slowly sol in 2 pts cold H 0 Fasily
decomp

4- 18H2O (Uelsmann )

Sodium hydrogen te/raphosphate,

Na4H2P4013
Sol mH20

Sodium de/caphosphate, Naj PJOO,n

Sol in H/) (Fleitmann and Hcnnebcrg,
A 65 333)

Sodium strontium c&wetaphosphate,

Na2$r(P/)0).+4H 0

As the NaBa comp (Glat/il, Dissnt
1880)

Sodium strontium

NaSrP309+3H,O

Easily sol m H O md acidb (I lutmann,
A 65 315)

Sodium strontium or^ophosphate, NabrP()4

+H20

Scarcely sol m H2(), bol jn adds
4-9H2O (Joly, C R 104 905 )

Sodium strontium pyrophosphate ( ?)
SI sol m H2O Insol in Na4P2

(Baei, Pogg 75 166 )
Easily sol m HCl + 4q, or HN03+Aq
Sol in NH4OH+Aq

Sodium thallium pw-ophosphate,

Na5[Tl(P207)2]4 6H20=Na(TlP 07),
0

Decomp by H 0 (Rosenhcim, B 1915,
48 588,)

Sodium thorium 0r$0phosphate,

NaTh2(P04)8

Insol in acids (Wallroth, Bull Soc (2)
39 316)

Sodium thorium phosphate, Na20, 4ThOo,

Insol m HNO-j, HC1, or aqua regia (Troost
and Ouvrard, C R 105 30 )

5Na,O, 2Tn02, 3P/>5 Sol in HN08+Aq
(T andO)

Na20, Th02, P206 (T and O )

Sodium thorium pyropho&$h.a.te9 Na4P 07.

ThP207+2H20
(Cleve )

Sodium tin (stannic) phosphate, NaSn2(P04)8

(Ouvrard. C R 111 177)

Na2Sn(P04)^ (Wunder, J pr (2^ 4 339 )

6Na2O, 3Sn02, 4P2O6 (Ou\rard )

Sodium titanium phosphate, NaTi2(P04)3
Insol in acids (Rose, J B 1867 9 )
6Na2O, Ti02, 4P2O6 (Omrard, C R 111

177)

Sodium uranium phosphate, UO2,Na(iO, P/)6
Pasily attacked b\ acids (Colani, A ch
1907, (8) 12 137 )

Sodium uranium metophosphate, 4UO , Na20,

3P2Ob
Tnsol m boiling HNOs (Colani )

Sodium uranium /^ophosphate, 3UO ,

6Na2O, 4P,O5
Sol m acids (Cohni )

Sodium uranyl phosphate, Ni2O, UOi, P O6
(Ouvrard, C R 110 1333)
2Na/), U03, P2O6 (Ouvrird )
Na2O, 5U03, 2P2O5+^H2() Insol in 11,0,

(Jo(omp by acotu acid (Wcrthci, A 68

$12)

Sodium uran}'! p2/rophosphate

Very sol m H2O (Peisoz, A ch (3) 20
322)

Sodium ytterbium pz/rophosphate,

Easily sol in the strong acids (Wallroth )

Sodium yttrium pyrophosphale, NaYP2O7

Sol m H2O (Stromeyer )

Insol in H O Easily sol in strong acids
(Wallroth )

PHOSPHATE, STRONTIUM THORIUM

709

Sodium zinc tfnphosphate,

Na20, 4ZnO, 3P206H-19H20
Sol in H20 (Schwarz, Z anorg 1895, 9
266)

Sodium zinc Znraetaphosphate, ]STa20, 2ZnO,

Ppt Sol inH20 (Fleitmann and Henne-
berg, A 65 304 )

Sodium zinc telromelaphosphate,

Na2Zn(P08)4-h6H20
As K comp (Glatzel, Dissert 1880 )

Sodium zinc octometaphosphate,
Na2Zns(P03)8

Insol in acids

Sol in cone H2S04 (Tammann. J pr
1892, (2) 45 420 )

Sodium zinc ortftophosphate, NaZnP04
Difficultly sol in H20 or acetic acid Easily

sol in dil mineral acids (Scheffer. A. 145

53)
2Na20, ZnO, P2O5 Insol in H20, sol in

dil acids (Ouvrard, C R 106 1796 )

Sodium zinc pyrophosphate, Na2ZnP207

Insol m H20, sol in dil acids (Wall-
roth)

3Na4P207, Zn2P207+24H2O Very efflores-
cent (Pahl )

Na4P207, Zn2P2O7-|-2>g, 3, 3J4, and 8H20
Insol m H20, sol in NTa4P2O7-f Aq (Pahl,
Sv V A F 30, 7 35 )

4Na4P207, 5Zn,P 07+20H2O Insol in
H20 (Pahl)

Na4P207, 4Zn2P O7 + 12H20 SI sol m
H20 (Pahl )

Sodium zirconium phosphate, Na2O, 4Zr02,
3P205 = NaZr (PO4)a

Insol in acids or aqua regia (Troost and
Ouvrard, C R 105 30 )

6Na20, 3Zr() , 4P2()6 Sol in acids (T
andO)

4Na20,ZrO2,2P205 Sol m acids (T and
O)

Sodium phosphate fluoride, Na3P04, NaF-f
12H20

100 pts H2O dissolve, at 25°, 12 pts salt
and form solution of 1 0329 sp gr , at 70°,
57 5 pts salt and form solution of 1 1091 sp
gr (Briegleb, A 97 95 )

2Na8P04, NaF + 19H A and 22 H20 Sol
in H2O (Baumgarten, J B 1865 219 )

Sodium phosphate stannate,

4Na3P04, Na2Sn03+4SHoO
(Prandtl, B 1907 40 2132 )

Sodium phosphate titanate,

Na20, TO),, P205+3H2O

jgroscopic (Mazzuchelli and Pantan-
elli, C C 1909, II 420 )

Sodium phosphate vanadate
See Phosphovanadate, sodium

Strontium monometaph.ospha.te, Sr(POa)2

Insol in H20 and acids Not decomp by
alkali carbonates -hA.q (Maddrell, A 61 61 )

Strontium hexametophosphate

Nearly insol in H2O, easily sol in acids
(Ludert, Z anorg 5 15 )

Strontium ortfzophosphate, basic, Sr(OH)o,

Srs(P04)2
(Wo^czynski, Z anorg 1894, 6 311 )

Strontium orf/iophosphate, Sr3(PO4)

Insol mH2O Sol ni HCl+A.q (Erlen-
meyer, J B 1857 145 )

Strontium hydrogen phosphate, SrHP04
Insol in H2O Sol in H<PO4, HC1, or
. .- A^q ( Vauquelm ) Easily sol in

cold ammonium nitrate, chloride, or suc-

cinateH-Aq, but is partly precipitated by a

little NH4OH+Aq (Brett )
Sol m boiling NH4Cl+Aq (Fuchs, 1834 )
Sol in Na citrate -h^-q (Spiller )
Partly decomp bv boiling Na C03, and

K2C03+Aq (Dulon& )
SrH4(P04) +2H O Decomp by treating

with HA leaving 4 29%SrHP04 (Barthe )

Strontium phosphate, acid, H O, 2SrO,

3P205+xH O

Entirely sol m H O (Barthe C R 114
12b7)

Strontium pyi ophosphate, Sr P2O7+H 0
Somewhat sol in H20 Easily sol in HC1

or HI\03+lq Insol in HC H 0 or

Ni4P2O7+Aq (S(h\\arzenbeig \ 65 144)
+2KH 0 (Knorre and Oppelt B 21

773)

Strontium hydrogen p^/rophosphate,

SrH2P207, 2SrJP,07+6HO
Ppt ( Knorre and Oppelt B 21 772 )
SrH2P07, *SiP07+HO, and +2H O

(Knorre and Oppelt )
Sr9H2(P207)5+SH20? ind +12H O
Ppt (Pahl, Gm - K 2, 2 172 )
Si19H2(P 07)IO+5H 0, +1SH O and

+20H 0
Insol m Sr(NO3) + \q or \a4P O + \q

(Pahl, Gm -K 2,2 171)

Strontium thorium phosphate,

Th20 SrO, P2O
(Colam, C R 190Q, 149 209 )

710

PHOSPHATE, STRONTIUM URANIUM

Strontium uranium raetaphosphate,

UO , SrO, P2O6
(Colam, A ch 1907, (8) 12 141 )

Strontium uranyl phosphate,
SrO, 4U03, 2P205+21H2O

(Blmkoff, Dissert 1900 )

2SrO, 5UOa, 2P2Ofi+24H20 As Ba comp
(Blmkoff)

Strontium phosphate chloride, 3Sr3(P04)2,

SrCl2

Stront^um apat^te Insol in H20 (De-
ville and Caron )

Tellurium phosphate ( 0
Insol in H/) (Berzelius }

Thallous raetophosphate, T1P03
Two modifications
a Difficultly sol m H20
ft Extremely easily sol in TI20 (Lamy )

Thallous or^ophosphate, ri8PO4

1 pt is sol m 201 2 pts H2O at 15°, and 149

H20, sol in HNO3+Aq

sol in HC H3O2-f Aq Very

olutions of NH4 salts (Car-

** „! in alcohol (Lamy )

Thallous hydrogen phosphate, T12HP04
Anhydrous Much less sol in H_0 than

the hydrous salt, but easily sol in a solution

of the hydrous salt (Lamy )

+ ^H2O Easily sol in H20 Insol m

alcohol (Lamy )

Composition is HT12PO4, 2H T1P04

(Rammelsberg, W 'Vnn 16 694 )

Thallous cfthydrogen phosphate, T1H2P04
Ver> easily sol in H2O Insol in alcohol
(Rammelsberg, B 3 278 )

ITnthallous irihydrogen phosphate, Tl2HP04,
2T1H2P04

True composition of T12HPO4 of I amv
(Rammelsberg )

Thallous p2/rophosphate, T.14P2O7

Sol m 2 5 pts H2O with slight decomposi-
tion (Lamy )

+2H2O More sol in H2O than the above
salt, with partial decomp (I amv )

Thallous hydrogen pyrophosphate, H2T1->P207

-J-H2O
Very sol in H20 (Lamy )

ThaUic phosphate, basic, 2T1203, P206+

5H20
Insol in H2O

ThaUic phosphate, basic, TlsP90 7+13H20
fRammelsberg, W Ann 16 694 )
TlGP4Oi9+12H20 (R)

ThaUic phosphate, T1PO,+2H20

Completeh7 insol m H2O Sol in cone
HNO8, and dd HCl+Aq (Willm )

Thorium m^aphosphate, Th(POs)4
Insol m H2O ^Troost, C R 101 210 )

Thorium wetophosphate, ThOo, 2P205
Insol m acids (Johnsson, B 22 976 )

Thorium ortffophosphate, Th3(P04)4+4H2O
Insol m H20 and phosphonc acid (Ber-
zelius) , also acetic acid (Cleve )
Sol m HC1, and HN03-fAq (Cleve)

Thorium hydrogen phosphate, ThH2(P04)o-|-

H/)
Precipitate

Thorium y^ophosphate, ThP207+2H20

Precipitate Insol m H20 Sol in great
excess of pj rophosphonc acid or sodium pyro-
phosphateH-Aq (Cleve )

Thorium phosphate bromide
See Bromophosphate, thorium

Thorium phosphate chlroide
See Chlorophosphate, tbonum

Tin fstannous) phosphate, 5&nO; 4P2O5+

4HO

Insol mH2O (lenssen, A 114 113)
Sn3(PO4)2 Insol in H O Sol in mineral

acids (Kuhn )

InsoJ m NH4C1 or NH4NO,+Aq Sol m

KOH+^q

Tin (stannic) phosphate, 2Sn()2, !>>O +
10H,0

Tnsol in H20 or HNO3+Aq (Rcynoso, J
pi 54 261)

Anhydrous Insol m acids (Hiuttfeuille
and Margottct, C R 102 1017)

Tin (stannic) phosphate, feriP^O?

Insol m acids (Haute fuulh ind M irgot-
tot C R 102 1017 )

Tin (stannous) phosphate chloride, 3bnO,

P/)5, SnCl,-hH,0

"Not decomp b} hot H/) (lenssen, A
114 113)

Titanium phosphate, Ti>P,09 = 2 liO2, P2O5
Insol in acids (Hautefeuille and Margot-

tet,C R 102 1017)

(Ouvrard, C R 111 177 )

+3H20 Ppt Insol m H O (Mer/ )

PHOSPHATE, YTTRIUM

711

TiO, P205 (Knop) Is NalXP04)3
(Wunder, J B 1871 S24 )

HsTiPO; Sol m HC1, HN08, H2S04

SI sol m H3P04

Sol in KOH, NH4OH, (NH4)2C08 and
(NH4)2HP04+\q

Very si so] in acetic acid fFaber. Z
anal 1907, 46 288)

Uranous wetaphosphate, UCP08)4

Insol in HN08, HC1, or H2S04, even
when hot and cone (Colam, A ch 1907, (8)
12 105)

tTranic metophosphate, U^(P03)r

Insol in H2O and acids (Hautefemlle and
Margottet, C R 96 849 )

Uranous ortAophosphate, U3(P04)4

Moie easily attacked by acids than the pyio
and meta phosphates, especially by HNO
(Colam, \ ch 1907, (8) 12 123 )

Uranous hydrogen orZ/iophosphate, UHPO4+

H20

Insol in H2O Insol in dil , si sol m
cone IICl+Aq Decomp by KOH+Aq,
not by NH4OH+Aq (Rammelsbeig, Pogg
59 1 )

Uranous ps/rophosphate, UP/)7
Insol mH/)
SI sol in mm icids (Colam )

Uranous phosphate, 21JO2, P^>

LiXsih ittaclocl by boiling HNO^

(Cohni )

U02 P2O5+5H20 Insol in H2S04 and
HCl+Aq of medium concentration Sol

m very cone HCl+Aq
1901)

(Aloy, Dissert

Uranyl ///c/r/phosphate, lr() (PC),)
'Rimmdslxii, H A B 1872 4471

Insol in i(i<ls C Johnsson,

ITO,, JIM)
B 22 ()7(> )

Uranyl mY/iophosphate, ir<
Insol in H2O
-i iH ()
+4IL 0
+ 11 >If () Insol in II O Sol in (>7,()0()

pts HC-I[|<> + \q r)(),()()o pts NH4( i

Aq, ind }()(),()()() pts of i mixture of th(
t\vo solutions Sol in K/ O^ 01
Aq fKitsfhin, C N 27 199 )

Uranyl ^"hydrogen phosphate,
I/)

Decomp by H2O Sol m H3P04+Aq
(Werthcr, J pr 43 322 )

Uranyl y^ophosphate, (U02)2P207+5H20
Effiorescent Insol m H2O Sol m

HN03+Aq, and Na^Oz+Aq Insol ui

Na2HP04+Aq Insol m alcohol or ether

(Girard, C R 34 22 )
+4H20 (Castemg, BuU Soc (2) 34 20 )

Uranyl tefraphosphate (?), U02P4On
(Jqhnsson, B 22 978 )

Uranous or^ophosphate chloride, U3(P04)4,

UCJ4

SI sol m HCl+Aq Sol in HN08 and
HN08+HC1 (Colam, \ ch 1907, (8) 12
127)

Uranous hydrogen ori/iophosphate chloride,

UfHP04)2, UC14
Very si sol m H20 ( Aloj , Dissert 1901 )

Vanadium phosphate, (V02)H2P04+4^H20
Sol in H?0
See Phosphovanadic acid

Vanadium pg/rophosphate,

V4fP2O7)3+30H20

Insol m H2O (Rosenheim, B 1915, 48
590)

ZHvanadyl phosphate

Veiy deliquescent, and sol in H20 Insol
m alcohol

Ytterbium wetophosphate, Yb(P03)3

Insol m H/) (Cleve, Z anorg 1902, 32
149 }

Ytterbium or^ophosphate, YbPO4+4^H20
Ppt (Chve)

Ytterbium phosphate, Yb ()„, 2P2O5 + 5H,O
Sol in H/) (Cleve)

Yttrium mc^aphosphate, Y(P03)s
Insol in II O or acidb (Clcve )

Yttrium orMophosphate, YPO4

Anhydrous lusol in H2() or ands after
ignition

Mm Xenotimt Insol in cone icids SI
sol m much cone HCl+Aq, but c isil} sol
tluicin whin hist hotted with i little HC1+
Aq (Wuthi, \ 139 237)

Yttrium hydrogen or/Aophosphate, Y2(IIPO4)3
D(comp by boiling with 1T2O into insol
YP()4 ind sol icid silt

Yttrium p2/rophosphate, YHP/)7+3V^H20

Difficultly sol in acids Decomp by
I12S()4 Sol mNa4PO7+Aq (Clcve)

2Y203,
B 22 976 )

Insol in acids (Johnsson,

712

PHOSPHATE, ZINC

Zinc wetophospnate
Sol in HoO (Berzekus )

Zinc <hmetaphosph&te,

Sol only m boiling H2SO4 (Fleitmann,
Pogg 78 350 )

Not decomp by boiling Na2S or (N H4)2S-|-
Aq

-j-4H20 Insol in H20, but decomp by
boiling therewith (Fleitmann, Pogg 78
25S)

Sol in 4 pts H2O Cone H SO* decomp
it easily, other acids act slightly (Glatzel,
Dissert 1880)

Difficultly decomp by boiling acids

Zinc tfnmetaphosphate, Zns(POs)6-F 9H20

1 1 H20 dissolves 0 1 g at 2CT (T am-
mann, J pr 1892, (2) 45 426 )

Zinc tefrawetaphosphate, Zn2(P03)4-flOH20
Sol in 55 pts H20 Decomp by acids

only on boiling (Glatzel, Dissert 1880 )
Somewhat sol in HN03+Aq Sol m

boiling H2S04 (Glatzel)

Zinc or$,0phosphate, Zn3(P04)2+4H2O
Insol in H20 Easily sol m acids. NH4OH.

(NH4)2C03, (NH4),S04, or NH4NO3+Aq

(Hemtz, 1 143 356 )
Sol in NH4Cl-hAq (Fuchs )
Easily sol in Zn salts +^q (Rose )
Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, A.m Ch

J 1898, 20 S30 )
Mm Hop&tfe
+6H,0 (Reynoso )

Zinc hydrogen phosphate, ZnHP04+H20

Insol in H2O, sol in H3PO4 + 4.q (Gra-
ham)

Zinc ^rahydrogen phosphate, ZnH4(PO4)2-f

2H20

Nearly insol in H 0, but decomp thereby
into H3P04 and lOZnO, 4P206 + 10H2O
(Demel, B 12 1171 )

Zuic phosphate, lOZnO, 4P2O5-flOH2O
Insol in H20 (Derncl, B 12 1171 )

Zinc pyrophosphate, Zn P 07+S/2H2O

Ppt Sol in H SOg+Aq Sol m acids,
KOH+Aq, NH4OH+Aq (Schwar/cnbcrg,
A 65 151 )

Sol in Na4P207 + A.q (Gladstone), and m
ZnS04+Aq (Rose )

Insol in acetic acid (Knorre. Z anorg
1900, 24 389 )

+5H20 Insol in H20 (Pahl, J B 1873
22Q )

Zinc hydrogen pj/rophosphate
Sol in H20 (Pahl, Sv V

F 30, 7 45 )

Zinc me^aphosphate ammonia
Ppt CBette )

Zuic or^ophosphate ammonia, 2ZnO,
3NH3+SH20

(Rother, A 143 356)

6ZnO, 3P205, 8NH3H-4H20 (Rchweikeit,
A 145 51*7)

Zinc pyroohosphate ammonia, 3Zn2P"07,

4NH3+9H20
Ppt Insol mH20 (Bette)

Zircomiim ortf/iophosphate, 5Zr02,
SH20

Somewhat sol in acids (Hermann, J pr
97 321 )

Insol in acids (Paykull, Bull Soc (2) 20
65)

2Zr02, tPaOfi Not attacked by acids
(Hautefemlle and Margottet, C R 102
1017)

Zirconium p^rophosphate, Zi(P03)2
(Knop, A 159 36)

Phosphoricovanadicotungstic acid

Ammonium phosphoncovanadicotungstate,
14(NH4)2O, 2P03, 7V203, 31W03+
78H20
Sol m H20 Insol in alcohol, ether, CS2

and benzene (Rogers, J Am Chem Soc

1903, 26 305 )

Phosphonmidamide, PN2H3
(Joanms, C R 1904, 139 365 )

Phosphonnude, P2(NH)3

Very sol in ammoniacal solution of NH4I
(Hugot, C R 1905, 141 1236 )

Phosphormtryl, PON

See Phosphoryl nitride

Phosphorosomolybdic acid, P2O3,

24MoO3+63H O

(Rosenheim and Pinskor, Z anoig 1911,
70 77)

Ammonium phosphorosomolybdate,

monium phosphoros
2(NH4)20, 2H3P03,

Insol in cold, slightly sol in hot H20
(Gibbs, Am Ch J 5 361 )

Phosphorosophosphomolybdic acid

Ammonium phosphorosophosphomolybdate,
9(NH4)20, 2H3PO,, 3P206, 72Mo03+
3SH20

Nearly insol in H20 (Gibbs )

PHOSPHITE, COBALTOUS

713

Phosphorosophosphotungstic acid

Potassium, phosphorosophosphotungstate,
5K20, 2H3PO , P206, 24W03+13H20
Sol in much boiling H20 (Gibbs, Am Ch
J 7 313 )

Phosphorosotungstic acid

Ammomum phosphorosotungstate, 6(NH4)20,

4H3P03, 22W03+25H2O
SI sol m cold H20

Potassium -
46H20

- 5K20, 16H3P03, 32W03+

SI sol m hot H2O

Sodium - , 2Na20, 8H3P03, 22WO3+

35H20

Nearly insol in cold, si sol in hot H2O
(Gibbs, Am Ch J 7 313 )

Phosphorous anhydride, P203
See Phosphorus tfnoxide

Phosphorous acid, H3P03

Deliquescent Very sol m H20

Phosphites

The neutial alkali phosphites are sol in
H2O, most of the others are si sol in H2O,
but sol in PI3P03-l-Aq all are msol in
alcohol

Ammonium magnesium, phosphite,

(NH4)2Mgs(PH03)4+16H20
Slightly sol in H20 (Rammelsberg, Pogg
131 367)

Antimonyl phosphite, (SbO)H2PO3

Very sol in H20 containing HC1 (Grutz-
ner, Arch Pharm 1897, 235 694 )

Barium phosphite, BaHPOs

100 pts H20 dissolve 0 25 pt (Ure )

Very slightly sol in HoO, and decomp bv
Doiling H20 (Dulong )

Easily sol m H O containing NH4C1
(Wackenrodei, A 41 315 )

Sol in H3P03 + Aq or HC1 + Aq (Railton )

Barium hydrogen phosphite, Ba2H2(HPO3)3+

8H;0

Easily sol m H20, but decomp by boiling
therewith Insol in alcohol (Rammelsberg,
Pogg 132 496)

Barium c&hydrogen phosphite, BaH2(HP03)2

Aluminum phosphite, basic, Al

Al2(OH)f

Ppt (Grut/nu, Arch Phum 1897, 235
698;

Aluminum phosphite

Piccipititc (Rob(,Po^u; 9 39)
SI sol in II ()

Ammonium phosphite, (NH4) HPOj-fFI2O
V( ry d( liquc sa nt, ind sol in II2O (Hose,

Pogg 9 2S ^

Sol in 2 pts < old, uid hss hot II20 Insol

m alcohol (Hci/clius )

Insol in u(ton< (ludrninn, C C 1899,

II 1014, N mm inn, H 1<KM, 37 4328 )

Ammonium hydrogen phosphite,

(NII4H)HP<),

Very deliquescent, and bol in H2O 1 pt
H2O dissolve b 1 71 pts silt it 0°, 1 0 pts it

145°, and 260 pts it
105 809)

(Am tt, C 11

Ammonium hydroxylamine phosphite,

NH4(NH3OH^HPO3
Sol in H2Q and abs alcohol (Hofmann
Z anorg 1898, 16 466 )

Easily sol in H20 (Rose, Pogg 9 215 )

+H20 Sol in H2O, decomp by boiling
HjO into a neutral msol , and an acid sol salt
(Wurtz, A 58 66 )

+2H20 Easily sol in HoO (Rammels-
berg, Pogg 132 496 )

Insol in alcohol (Wuitz )

Bismuth phosphite, 2Bi203, 3P 03

Insol m H20

Bi2(HP03)3-f-3H20 Ppt (Gratzner,
\rch Pharm 1897, 235 696 )

Decomp by H2S Not decomp by KOH
+ \q (Vinmo, J pr 1906, (2) 74 151)

Cadmium phosphite, CdHP03+3H2O
Ppt (Rose, Pogg 9 41 >

Calcium phosphite, CaHPOa+^HW)

SI sol m H O, tlu iqueoiib solution is de-

mp by boiling

+H2O Sol in NH4OI+Aq (Wiokon-

, \ 41 U5 )
Insol in ikohol

Calcium hydrogen phosphite, C ill (HPO ) -f

HO

Sol in H2O Aqueous solution is duomp
by ilcohol (Wurtz, A ch (3) 7 212)

Chromic phosphite

Precipitate Almost insol in H O (Rose,
Pogg 9 40 )

Cobaltous phosphite, CoPHOs+2H/)
Ppt SI sol mH2O (Rose)

714

PHOSPHITE, CUPRIC

Cupnc phosphite, CuHP08+2H20

Ppt Insol in H2O (Wurtz, 4 ch (3)
f6 213)

Didynuum phosphite, Di2(HP03)3

Precipitate (Frenchs and Smith, A 191
331)

Glucinum phosphite

Precipitate Insol in H2O (Rose, Pogg
9 39)

Iron (ferrous) phosphite,

Ppt Nearly msol m H20 (Rose, Pogg
9 35)

Iron (ferric) phosphite, basic, Fe2(HP03)s,

Fe2(OH)6

(Grutzner, 4rch Pharm 1897, 235 697 )
*e4(HP03)6, Fe(OH)3+5H26 Hydro-

scopic (Berger, C R 1904, 138 1500 )

Iron (feme) phosphite, Fe2(HPOs) +9H2O
Ppt Sol m iron alum H-Aq (Rose)

nm phosphite,

(Smith )

hosphite, basic, 4PbO, P/)3+2H20

(Robo, Pogs; 9 222 )
), F 0,+H,O Insol in H2O Sol m
rill HsPOs+Aq, from which it is

pptd b\ NH4OH+Aq (\Vuitz, A ch (S)

16 214)

Lead phosphite, PbHPOs,

In^ol m H2O Voty si sol in a solution
of phosphorous icid, tasil\ sol in cold HNOj

(Wurt/)

Lead hydrogen phosphite, PhTI4(POO
Docomp byH20 (Am it, C R 110 901)

Lead pg/rophosphite, PbH^P ()

Gradually d< camp by H/) into H3P()3 ind
PbHPO3 (\nut, C R 110 00 i)

Lithium hydrogen phosphite, I ill PO,

Very sol in II2O (\niit \ ch (h) 24
309)

Lithium />2/rophosphite, I i II p2(>r

Ver\ sol in HO (\rnit A di 1801, ((>)
24 352 )

Magnesium phosphite, MR! IPO + m >O
SI sol in HO (Ilosc,PoRjr 9 2S )
Sol m 400 pts II () fBcr/chus)

Magnesium pz/rophosphite, Mg(PI2POi)

Very sol m H2O (\rnat A ch 1891, (6)
24 313 )

Manganous phosphite, MnHP03+J^H2O

Dimcultly sol in H2O, easily in MnCh or
MnSO4-f- \q (Rose, Pogg 9 33 )

Nickel phosphite, NiHPOs+SJ^H 0
Ppt SI sol m

Potassium phosphite, K2HP03

Ver\ deliquescent Very sol in H 0
Insol m alcohol (Dulong )

Potassium hydrogen phosphite, (KH)HP03
1 pt llzO dissolves about 1 72 pts salt at

20° (Arnat C R 106 1351)

K2HP03, 2HSPO3 Ven sol m H20

(Wiirtar, A 58 63 )
Sol m 3 pts cold, and in less hot B^O

(Fourcroy and Vauquelm )

Potassium ^rophosphite, K2HjP>05

Very sol in H20 (Amat ^ ch (6) 24
351)

Sodium phosphite, basic,

Not obtained in puie state (Zimmerman,
B 7 290),-NaPO3 (Wishcemis )
Does not exist (Amat )

Sodium phosphite, Na,HPQ3-f^H O

Deliquescent, and veiy sol in H2O In-

sol in alcohol

Coirect formula foi Na3PO^ oi I\os< and

Dulong

Sodium hydrogen phosphite, (NaH)HPO3 +
2HHO

0 5(> pt salt dissohos m 1 pt II () it 0°,
Obb pt it 10° 193 pts it 42° (Am it,
C R 106 1351 )

Nd H4(HPO3)3-hH,O Deliquescent m
moist an Sol in 2 pts cold, and ibout th(
s uru irnt hot H2O SI sol mspnil d'our-
croy and Vauquelm )

Sodium 7?t/r0phosphite,

V( ry sol in H/) with & win u <1( ( onip into
(Amat)

Strontium phosphite, SiHPOj-H ^If^O

Difficultly sol in IT () A(|ii<ous volution
d( «>mp on hcitiu^ into t sol Kid silt ind
in msol b isic s lit

Strontium hydrogen phosphite,

Veivsol mir/3 ( Vm it, A ch ((>)24 ^12)

Thallous hydrogen phosphite, I1H PO,
Very sol m H2O ( Vmat, A (h (6) 24 310 )

Thallous pj/rophosphite, I12H P^00

Dehque&cent Verv sol in H2O ( \mat )

PHOSPHORUS

715

Tin (stannous) phosphite, 8nHP03

Ppt Sal in HCl+Aq (Rose, Pogg 9
45 )

Tin (stannic) phosphite, 2Sn02, P203
Ppt (Rose, Pogg 9 47 )

Titanium phosphite (?)
Precipitate (Rose, Pogg 9 47 )

Uranyl phosphite, (UO )BHt(HPOj)4+12HjO
Precipitate (Rammelsberg Pogg 132
500)

Zinc phosphite, ZnHPO,,

Sol m H2O (Rammelsberg, Pogg 132
4S1)

+2HH2O More easily sol in cold than
warm H^O (Rammelsberg )

Zinc phosphite, acid, Z

Sol mH2O

+2H2O Sol m H O (Rammelsbeig,
Pogg 132 498 )

Zn3H5PfiOiS Sol m H20

-f3H2O Sol m H2O (Rarmrelsberg )

Zn2H9P5Oi4 Sol mH20

+H2O ^ol m H20 (Rammelsberg }

Zirconium phosphite, Zr(P03) +H2O

Ppt Neirly insol m dil mineral acids
(Hauser, Z anorg 1913 84 92 )

Phosphorous anhydride, P20s
See Phosphorus Moxide

Phosphorus, P

(a) Ordinary while phosphorus Insol in
H2O, but slowly docomp thcicb\ (0 K),
very si sol in FT () fBn/< Iius and othei^ )

A pure aqueous solution containing 0 1 g
P m 500 cc 1 1/) c in be obtained by dissolv-
ing 0 1 g P in CS2 mi\( (1 with ether and hot
alcohol, this solution ib poured into 500 cc
boiling IIO fi(( fiom ur, ind the boiling
continued with stu ring until the ileohol, ether
and OS ue boiled e>ff (Pokoiny, Ch Ztg
1896,20 1022)

100 g H () sat with P contuns 00003 g
P (Stich, O C 1903, 1 1291 )

Sol with eke omp m hot e one HN03-|-Aq

Decomp by boiling ciustic ilkalics+Aq

Easily sol m SCh, espce i illy if hot (Woh-
ler )

Sol in bulphur phosphides

Largely sol in PCI*

Easily sol m PCU

Sol in PBr3 Sol m PSC13, easily on warm-
ing, separating on cooling (Serullas, A
oh 1829, 42 25 )

Sol m liquid S02 (bestmi, Bull Soc
1868, (2) 10 226 )

Sol m liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 828 )

Sol m S2C12 without foaming (Nicolardot,

R 1908, 147 1304 )

Sol in PS4C15 (Gladstone, A 1850, 74
91)

Sol m 320 pts cold alcohol of 0 799 sp gr ,
and in 240 pts of the same when warm
Pptd from alcoholic solution by HaO (Buch-
ner )

One gram P dissolves m 1 ounce abs alco-
hol (Schacht )

Sol m 20 pts absolute ether at 20° and
240 pts ordinary ether at 20° (Bucholz )

Sol in 80 pts absolute ether at 15 5°, and
240 pts ordinary ether at 15 5° (Brug-
natelli, A ch 24 73 )

Solubility of P4 m 100 g ether at t°

t°

G phosphorus

Sp gr

0

0 4335

5

Q 62

8

0 79

10

0 85

15

0 9

at 13° 0 7257

18

1 005

20

1 04

at 19° 0 7187

23

1 121

25

1 39

0 7283

28

1 601

30

1 75

33

1 8

35

1 9984

(Christomanos, Z anorg 1905, 45 136 )

Solubility of P4 m 100 g benzene at t°

t°

G phosphorus

Sp gr

0

1 513

5

1 99

8

2 31

10

2 4

15

2 7

at 13° 0 8959

18

3 1

20

3 21

at 19° 0 8912

23
25

3 3995

3 7

at 22° 0 8875
0 8861

28

4 35

30

4 601

33

5 0

35

5 17

40

5 75

45

6 105

50

6 8

55

7 315

60

7 9

65

8 4

70

8 898

75

9 4

81

10 027

(Christomanos )

716

PHOSPHORUS

Sol to about 1% in acetic acid (Vulpius,
Arch Pharm 1878. 213 38 )

100 g 96% acetic acid dissolve 0 105% P
(Stich, Pharm Ztg 1903, 48 343 )

Sol in 005 pt CS2 (Bottger), 0125 pt
(Trommsdorf )

Alcohol ppts P from CS2 solution

1 pt CS2 dissolves 17-18 pts P (Vogel,
J B 1868 149)

Solubility in CS2 at t°
(g per 100 g of solution )

t°

G P*

t°

G P4

-10
-7 5
-5
-3 5
-3 2

31 40
35 85
41 95
66 14
71 72

-2 5
0 0
+5 0
+10 0

75 00

81 27
86 30
89 80

(Cohen and Inouye, Z phys Ch 1910. 72
418)

Very sol in methylene iodide (Retgers,
Z anorg 3 343 )

Strong vinegar dissolves P (Beudet )

Sol in considerable amount in stearic acid
(Vulpius, Arch Pharm (3) 13 38 )

Sol in ethyl chloride, benzoyl chloride,
stannic chloride, and in liquid cyanogen

SI sol in ethyl nitrite, and wood-spirit

SI sol in acetone, with gradual decomposi-
tion

Insol in nicotine, and conune

SI sol in cold, more sol in hot benzene
(Mansfield )

Sol m 14 pts hot, and less in cold petro-
leum from Armano (Saussure )

SI sol in "liquid paraffine " (Cnsmer, B
17 649)

SI sol in warm essential oils, as oil of tur-
pentine, and in the fatty oils

Sol in hot oil of copaiba, separating out on
cooling

Sol in hot oil of caraway, and mandarin
oil (Luca )

SI sol in cold, more sol in hot caoutchm,
depositing on cooling

Readily sol in warm, less in cold styrene

Sol in aniline, and qumolme (Hofmann )

SI sol in cold creosote

Somewhat sol m fusel oil

Easily sol in valenanic acid, and amyl
valerate

Sol m hexyl alcohol, ethylene chloride,
allyl sulphocyamde, mercury methyl, chloro-
form, bromoform, warm chloral, acetic ethei,
aldehyde, hot cacodyl sulphide, and in cacodyl
oxide

100 g oil of almonds, sat with P contain
1 25 g (Stich, C C 1903, I 1291 )

100 g oleic acid sat with P contain 1 06 g
(Stich )

100 g paraffine sat with P contain 1 g
(Stich )

(b) Amorphous phosphorus Insol mH20

Insol in NH4OH+Aq (Fluckiger )

Sol in boiling KOH+Aq

The statement of Burgess and Chapman,
(Chem Soc 79 1235) that red P is sol in
aqueous alcoholic alkali is incorrect Both
ordinary crystalline and amorphous red P are
insol m aqueous alcoholic alkali (Michaehs,
A 1902, 325 367 )

Insol m liquid NHS (Hugot, A ch 1900
(7) 21, 31), (Franklin, Am Ch J 1898, 20
828)

Bright red variety is sol in liquid NH8 at
ord temp leaving a black residue (Stoch,
Bottcher and Lenger, B 1909, 42 2854 )

Red Amorphous

Sol in S2Cl2 with foaming (Nicolardot,
C R 1908, 147 1304 )

Solubility of amorphous bright red P4
in PBr3 is dumnished by long heating as
follows

172° 185°

Initial concentration 0 555 0 476

Final concentration 0 374 0 397

Length of expt in hours 34 24

198° 218°

0 592 0 476

0 416 0 592

18 17

(Buck, Dissert 1904 )

Ordinary amorphous P4 is sol m PBr3
A sample prepared by heating bright red
amorphous P with 942% P dissolved by
heating in PBr3 as follows

% P 0 106 0 121 0 178
hours 10 20 42

A finely pulverized commercial product
containing 98 0% P

% P 0 92 0 116

hours 10 20

An ordinary commercial product with
98% P

% P 0 056 0 108

hours 10 42

(Buck )

100 g PBr3 dissolve 0 2001 g bright led
phosphorus at 172°, 0 3634 g at 184°
(bchenk, B 1902, 35 354)

Insol m KOH+Aq

Cone H2SO4 does not act upon it m the
cold, but dissolves easily when hot

Insol in dil , easily sol in cone HN03+
Aq with decomposition

Much more sol in HNO3+Aq than ordi
naryP (Personne, C R 45 115)

Insol in methylene iodide (Retgers )

Appreciably sol in isobutyl alcohol
(Svedberg )

Insol in C$2, alcohol, ethei, naphtha,
ligrome, PC13, etc

SI sol in boiling oil of turpentine and

PHOSPHORUS PLATESTIC CHLORIDE

717

other high-b oiling liquids, with conversion
into ordinary phosphorus

Insol in oil of turpentine even at 270°
(Colson, A ch 1908, (8) 14 554 )

(c) Crystalhne Insol in. and not attacked
by dil HNOs+Aq

Sol in CS2

Phosphorus £n*bromide, PBra

Decomposed by H20, slowly at 8°, but very
rapidly at 25° (Lfcwig, Pogg 14 485 )

Sol in liquid H2S (Antony and Magri,
Gazz ch it 1905, 35 (1) 206 )

Sol in AlBrg (Isbekow, Z anorg 1913.
84 27)

Sol in ether, acetone, CHCls, CeHe and
CS2 (Chnstomanos, Z anorg 1904, 41 287 )

Phosphorus

Fumes on air, and is violently decomp by
H20

Phosphorus tfnbromide ruthenium bromide,

Decomp by boiling H20
Slowly sol in hot alcohol with decomp
Insol in benzene, CC14, ligrom and cold
alcohol (Strecker, B 1909, 42 1775 )

Phosphorus thiophosphoryl bromide, PBr8,

PSBr3
Decomp by H2O into PSBr3 (Michaehs )

Phosphorus /nbromide ammonia, 3PBr8,

5NH3

Slowly but completely sol with decomp in
H20 (Storer's Diet )

Phosphorus 7;enMbronude ammonia,

9NH3
(Besson, C R 111 972)

Phosphorus mowobromo/^njchloride,

Decomp by H2O (Prmvault, C R 74
868)

Phosphorus rfobromo/nchlonde, PClsBrj
Very unstable (Michaehs, B 6 9 )

Phosphorus /c/rv/bromo/nchlonde, PCl3Br4
Decomp with H2O (Gcuther )

Phosphorus Ae^abromo^chlonde, PCl2Br7
Very unstable (Prmvault, C R 74 868 )

Phosphorus octobromo^nchloride, PClsBrs
Very easily decomp (Michaehs, B 6 9 )

Phosphorus bromofluonde, PF8Br2

Decomp violently with H20 (Moissan,
Bull Soc (2) 43 2 )

Phosphorus bromomtnde
See Nitrogen bromophosphide

Phosphorus cfochloride, P2C14

Decomp by H20 (Besson. C R 1910,
ISO 103)

Phosphorus Znchlonde, PC18

Gradually decomp by H20

0 11 g is sol in 100 ccm liquid H2S (An-
tony, Gazz ch it 1905, 35 (1) 206 )

Acted upon by liquid NH8 (Franklin,
Am Ch J 1898, 20 828 )

Miscible with CS2, C6H6, CHC13, and
ether

Decomp with alcohol

Phosphorus pentochlonde, PC16

Very deliquescent, and sol in H20 with
violent decomp and evolution of heat Sol
in liquid HC1 Acted upon by liquid NH8
Somewhat sol without decomp in CS2
(Schiff, A 102 118 (Franklin, Am Ch J
1898, 20 828 )

Sol without decomp in benzoyl chloride
(Gerhardt )

Sol in oil of turpentine with evolution of
heat

MoTWphosphorus platinous chloride, PC1»,

PtCl2

Deliquescent Sol in H2O with formation
of chloroplatmophosphoric acid Similarly
decomp by alcohol Abundantly sol in hot
benzene, toluene, chloroform, or carbon tetra-
chloride, and crystallizes on cooling (Schut-
zenbeiger, Bull Soc (2) 17 482 )

Dtphosphorus platinous chloride, 2PC13,
PtCl2

Decomp by H2O with formation of chloro-
platmod? phosphoric acid Similarly decomp
by alcohol Sol without decomp in PCk
CC14, CHC13, CeH6, orC7H8 (fechutzen-
beiger )

Sol in piopyl alcohol with formation of
the propyl other of platmochlorophosphor-
ous acid and HC1 (Pomcy, C R 104 364 )

Phosphorus ^platinous chloride, PC13,

2PtCl2

Sol in ilcohol, with formation of ether
(PtClJ2P(OaH6)3 (Cochin, C R 86
1402)

Phosphorus platimc chloride, PC13, PtCl4
(Schutzenberger )

Phosphorus pentachloride platimc chloride,

PC15, PtCl4, or (PCl4)2PtCl6
Decomp at once by H2O (Baudrimont,
A ch (4) 2 47 )

718

PHOSPHORUS SELENIUM CHLORIDE

Phosphorus pentactiionde selenium teira-

chlonde, 2PC16, SeCl4
Sol in H20 with decomp (Baudrimont,
A eh (4) 2 5 )

Phosphorus Znchlonde ruthenium chloride,

RU2P6C119

Slowly decomp by boiling H20
Sol in benzene and CHCls
SI sol mCCl4 Insol mligroin (Strecker,
B 1909, 42 1774 )

Phosphorus tellurium chloride, PC16,
2TeCl4

Very deliquescent

Sol in H2O (Metzner, A ch 1898, (7)
16 203)

Phosphorus pentacblonde stannic chlonde,

PC16, SnCl4

Very deliquescent Sol in much H2O with
evolution of heat, forming SnCl4, HC1, and
H8PO4, and soon separates out stannic phos-
phate (Casselmann, A 83 257 )

Phosphorus Znchlonde titanium chlonde,
PCls, TiCU

Bull Soc (2) 33 565 )

>rus pentachlonde titanium chlonde,

IB, TiCl4

uescent Decomp by H2O and alco-
hol Sol in ether SI sol m PC13 (Tutts-
chew, A 141 111 )

Completely sol m dil acids (Weber )

Phosphorus uranium pentachlonde, PC16,

UC15
Decomp with H2O

Phosphorus pentachlonde zirconium chlonde,

PC15, ZrCl4

Decomp by H2O with pptn of Zr phos-
phate (Paykull )

Phosphorus inchlonde ammonia, PC13,

5NH3

Insol as such m H2O, but slowly decomp
by boiling H20 More easily sol with de-
comp in acids Sol with decomp by boiling
with KOH or NaOH+Aq (Berzelius )

Phosphorus pentachlonde ammonia, PC15,

5NH3

Properties as PC13, 5NH3 (Berzelius )
PC15, 8NH3 SI decomp on air (Besson,

C R 111 972)

Phosphorus pentachlonde tungsten tfnoxide,

2PC15, W03(?)
(Persoz and Bloch, C R 28 389 )

Phosphorus chlorobromide
See Phosphorus bromochlonde

Phosphorus chlorofluonde,

Absorbed by H2O with decomp Absorbed
by alcohol or ether (Poulenc, A ch (6) 24

555)

Phosphorus chloroiodide, PC13I2

Decomp by moist an* or H20 Sol m CS2
(Most, B 13 2029 )

Phosphorus chloromtnde
See Nitrogen chlorophosphide

Phosphorus Znfluonde, PF3

Decomp slowly by H2O (Moissan, Bull
Soc (2) 43 2 )

Rapidly absorbed by KOH or NaOH+Aq,
slowly by Ba02H2, and K2C08+Aq Ab
sorbed by absolute alcohol with decomp
(Moissan, C R 99 655 )

Phosphorus pentafluonde, PF6
Fumes on air (Thorpe, A 182 20 )

Phosphorus pentafLuoride ammonia, 2PFfi,

5NH3
(Moissan, C R 101 1490 )

Phosphorus pentafluonde nitrogen peroxide
Decomp by H20 (Tassel, C R 110 1264

Phosphorus fluobromide
See Phosphorus bromofluonde

Phosphorus fluochlonde
See Phosphorus chlorofluonde

Phosphorus sw&iodide, P4I

Sol m dil HN03 and m alkalies +Aq
(Boulouch, C R 1905, 141 257 )

Phosphorus diiodide, P2I4

Decomp by H20 Sol m CS (Coi en-
winder, A ch (3) 30 242 )

0 09 g is sol m 100 com liquid H2S (An-
tony, C C 1905,1 1692)

Phosphorus /modide, PI3

Very deliquescent Decomp m inoibt air
and by H20 (Corenwmder, A (h (3) 30

242)

Very sol in CS2

Phosphorus pewtoiodide, PI5 ( 0
(Hampton, C N 42 180)

Phosphorus lodosulphide
See Phosphorus sulphoiodide

Phosphorus nitride, P3N6

Very slightly decomp by long boiling
with H20

Completely insol m any solvent (Stock,
B 1903, 36 317 )

PHOSPHORUS SULPHIDE

719

Phosphorus swboxide, P4O

Unchanged in dry, gradually oxidized in
moist air Insol in H20, alcohol, ether, and
oils, not acted on by HQ+Aq, oxidized by
HN08orH2S04 (Marchand, J pr 13 442)

SI sol mH20 (leVemer,A 27 167)

Forms hydrate P40, 2H20, which gives up
its H20 when dried

Two modifications (a) decomp slowly by
H2O or alkaliesz (6) not decomp by H20 or
alkalies (Reimtzer and Goldschmidt, B 13
847)

Is oxyphosphuretted hydrogen (?),
P4H(OH) (Franke, J pr (2) 35 341 )

H3P60

Insol in all solvents Decomp by H20
Not attacked by non-oxidizing acids De-
comp by dil alkalies (Gautier, C R 76
173)

P4HO

Insol in nearly all substances Not at-
tacked by dilute acids, oxidized by ordinary
HN03, and cone H2S04 at 200° Attacked
by very dil alkaline solutions Perhaps
identical with phosphorus swfeoxide P4O
(Gautier, C R 76 49 )

Phosphorus oxide, P20

Decomp by heating with H20 at 100°
(Besson, C R 1897, 124 764 )

Phosphorus Znoxide, P406(formerly P2O8)
Deliquescent, but very slowly dissolved by

cold H2O to form H3P03 Violently decomp

by hot H2O or alcohol

Sol without dec omp in ether, carbon disul-

phide, benzene, 01 chloiofoim (Ihorpc and

Tutton, Chcm boo 57 545 )

Phosphorus fr/roxide, P2O4

Very <1( liquescent Sol with evolution of
heat m HO (Ihorpc and Inilton, Chcm
boc 49 83*)

Phosphorus pcnloxide, l^Os

Very dehqu<sc< nt Sol in I^O with great
evolution oi he it, ioirnm^ HjPO*

Inbol in liquid NIL (Li mklin, Am Ch
J 189S, 20 8.2S )

Insol in uctoiK (l< idmmn, C C 1899,
(I 1014), (Nuimtnn, B 1904, 37 4329)

Phosphorus sulphur oxide, IV) 5, 3bO3

(PO)2(b04)3(phosphoryl sulphate) (?)
Decomp by H2O Sol m cold, more sol m
warm S03 (Weber, B 20 86 )

Phosphorus oxy-compounds
See under Phosphoryl compounds

Phosphorus oxysulphide
See Phosphorus sulphoxide

Phosphorus semselemde, P4Se

Decomp with H20 Insol in cold, de-
comp by boiling KOH+Aq Insol m, but
apparently dec omp by alcohol and ether
Easily sol in CS2 (Hahn, J pr 93 430 )

Phosphorus wonoselemde, P2Se

Stable in dry, decomp in moist air and by
H20 Insol in alcohol and ether Decomp
by boiling KOH+Aq CS2 dissolves out P
(Hahn, J pr 93 430 )

SI sol m CS2 (Gore, Phil Mag (4) 30
414 )

Phosphorous sesquiselemde, P4Sea

Sol m CC14, si sol in CS2 (Meyer, 7
anorg 1902, 30 258 )

Phosphorus inselemde, P2Se3

Decomp by boiling H2O and slowly in
moist air Easily sol in cold KOH+Aq,
less easily in M2C03+Aq Insol in alcohol,
ether, and CS2 (Hahn, J pr 93 430 )

Phosphorus pentaselewde, P2Se6

Slowly decomp m moist air or by H20,
easily by KOH+Aq or alcohol Insol m
CS2 Sol m CC14 (Hahn, J pr 93 430 )

Phosphorus selemdes with M2Se
See M phosphoselemde, under M

Phosphorus scmisulphide,

1 Liquid Not decomp by, and msol in
boiled H2O Insol m alcohol and ether SI
sol in fats and volatile oils, decomp by
alkalies Dissolves P on warming, with
separation on cooling bol m CS2

2 Red modification Not attacked at
nrbt by HNO3+Aq (sp gr 1 22), but after
a time is attacked with the gioatcst violence
Weak acids attack only when hot (Berze-
hus, A 46 129 )

J1 xistc ncc ib doubtful (bchulze, B 13
18u2, Isimbcit, C R 96 1628)

Phosphorus mo/iosulphide, P b( 0

1 Ordinary Same propel tus is phos-
phorus scmbulphidc , 1

2 Red modification Unchanged by in,
H/), or alcohol Duomp by cone KOH +
Aq, not by dilute SI sol m NH4OH+Aq
(Bu/dms, A 46 120)

Existence ib doubtful (bchulze, Isam-
boit)

Docb not exist (HelrT, Z phyb Ch 12
206)

Phosphorus sesgmsulphide, P4b3

Not attacked by cold, slowly by hot H2O
'Cold KOH+Aq dissolves with decomp

720

PHOSPHORUS SULPHIDE

Oxidized by HN03 and aqua regia Sol in
alcohol and ether with decomp Sol in CS2
(100 pts CS2 dissolve 60 pts P4S8), PC18, and
PSC18. and in K2S or NaaS+Aq (Lemome.
Bull £oc (2) 1 407 )

Very sol in CS2 (Rebs, A 246 367 )
Decomp by dil and cone KOH+Aq
1 pt P4S8 is sol in 9 pts CS2 at— 20°, in
3 7 pts CS2 at 0°, in 1 pt CS2 at 17°, in 40
pts benzene at 17° , in 9 pts benzene at 80r,
in 32 pts toluene at 17°, in 6 5 pts toluene at
111° (Stock, B 1910,43 156)

Phosphorus Znsulpiude, P2S8

Decomp by water (Kekule*, A 90 310)
Sol in M2C08+Aq with separation of S

Easily sol in KOH, NaOH, NH4OH-hAq

(Berzehus, A 46 129 )
Sol in alcohol and ether (Lemome )
Correct formula is P4S6 (Isambert, C R

102 1386)
Extremely si sol m CS2 (Rebs, A 246

368)

Existence doubtful (Helff, Z phys Ch

12 210)

Phosphorus sulphide, P4S7

SI sol in CS2 (Mai, A 266 192 )
Slowly decomp by cold, rapidly by hot

H2O

Sol in cold alkalies

1 pt is sol in 3500 pts CS2 at 17°, in 20,000

pts at 0° (Stock, B 1910, 43 416 )

Phosphorus ^sulphide, P8S6 (formerly P2S4)
Almost msol in CS2 (Helff )

Phosphorus pentasulphide, P2SB

Very deliquescent Decomp by H20
Very sol in KOH, NaOH, NH4OH+Aq
Sol m M2C08+Aq with separation of S at
low temp Decomposes alcohol, acetic acid,
etc (Kekule*, A 106 331 )

Sol in CS2 (Isambert, C R 102 1386 )

Not very sol in CS2 (Rebs, A 246 367 )

Mpt , 290°, bpt. 513-515° at 760 mm

Decomp by H2O

Easily sol in warm NaOH+Aq

1 pt is sol in 450 pts CS2 at room temp ,
in 550 pts at 0°, m 1200 pts at-20° (Stock,
B 1910, 43 1225 )

Ordinary form

Sol in 195 pts boiling CS2

New form

Sol m 32 pts CS2 (Stock, B 1905, 38
2722)

Phosphorus persulphide, P2S12 (?)

Decomp by H20, alkalies, etc Consists
of S, and mechanically united P (Ramme,
B 12 941 )

Phosphorus sulphides with M2S
See M Phosphosulphide, under M

Phosphorus zinc sulphide, ZnP8S2

Sol in HCl+Aq with separation of P8S (?)
(Berzehus, A 46 150 )

Phosphorus tfnsulphide ammonia, P2S8, 2NHS
Decomp by H20 (Bmeau )

Phosphorus pentasulphide ammonia,

P2S6, 6NH8

Sol in liquid NH8 (Stock, B 1903, 36
314)

P2S6, 7NH8 (Stock )

Phosphorus sulphobronude
See Thiophosphoryl bromide

Phosphorus sulphochlonde
See Thiophosphoryl chloride

Phosphorus sulphoiodide, P2S8I

SI attacked by cold, rapidly by hot H20,
violently decomp by fuming HN08 Easily
sol in CS2 SI sol in C6H6 or CHCk and
still less m ether or absolute alcohol (Ouv-
rard, C R 115 1301 )

P2S2I2 Easily sol m CS2 More easily
than P4S8I2 and less than PI8 (Ouvrard, A
ch 1894, (7) 2 224 )

P2SI4 Easily decomp (Ouvrard )

P4S8I2 Insol m H20, sol in warm ether
SI sol m benzene, CHCla and glacial acetic
acid, sol m toluene and xylene (Wolter, Ch
Ztg 1907, 31 640 )

Easily sol m CS2 SI sol m benzene, ether,
absolute alcohol and CHC13 (Ouvrard, C R
1892, 115 1301 )

Phosphorus sulphoxide, P406S4

Deliquescent Easily sol m H20 with de-
comp Sol in 2 pts CS2 without decomp
Sol in benzene with decomp (Thorpe and
Tutton Chem Soc 59 1019 )

P2O2S8 Slowly decomp by H20 Vio-
lently attacked by fuming HN08 (Besson,
C R 1897, 124 152 )

P4S804 Deliquescent, sol in H20 with
decomp , msol m most solvents (Stock, B
1Q13, 46 1382)

Phosphoryl tfnamide, PO(,NH2)3

Insol m boiling H20, KOH+Aq, 01 dil
acids Decomp by long boiling with HC1 or
HNOs+Aq More easily decomp with
aqua regia Easily sol in warm H2S04 or
mtrosulphunc acid (Schiff, A 101 300)
Does not exist (Gladstone, Mente, A
248 238)

Phosphoryl bromide, POBr8

Not miscible with H20, but gradually de-
comp in contact with it Sol in H2S04,
ether, oil of turpentine (Gladstone, Phil
Mag (3) 35 345), in CHC18, CS2 (Baudri-
mont, Bull Soc 1861 118)

PEOSPHOTELLURATE, AMMONIUM

721

Easily sol m AsBrs (Walden, Z anorg
1902, 29 374 )

Sol m CC14, and in C6H6 (Oddo, Chem
Soc 1900, 78 (2) 75 )

Phosphoryl bromide sulphide
See Thiophosphoryl bromide

Phosphoryl bromochlonde, POCl2Br

Decomp by H20 (Menschutkin, A 139
343)

Phosphoryl ^"bromochlonde, POClBr2

Decomp by H20 (Geuther, Jena Zeit
10 130)

Phosphoryl chloride, POC1

Very hygroscopic Sol in H20 with de-
comp Insol in most solvents Sol in PC13
(Besson, C R 1897, 125 772 )

POC13 Decomp by H20 Not acted on
by liquid C02, P, PH3, CS2, I, Br, Cl, etc
Sol in CC14, CeHe, CS2, CHC18 and ether
(Oddo, Gazz ch it 1899, 29 (2) 318, Chem
Soc 1900, 78 (2) 74 )

Phosphoryl boron chloride, POC13, BC13
See Bor.on phosphoryl chloride

Phosphoryl stannous chloride, POC13, SnCl2

Deliquescent Decomp by H2O (Cassel-
mann, A 91 242 )

Phosphoryl stannic chloride, POC13; SnCl4

Deliquescent Decomp by H2O (Cassel-
mann )

Phosphoryl titanium chloride, POC13, I iC!4
Deliquescent, ind docomp by H20
(Weber, Pogg 132 45*)

P2/rophosphoryl chlonde,

Decomp violently with H/) (Gcuthcr
and Michuhb, B 4 7(>h )

Very sol in H20 with decomp , very un-
stable (Besson, C R 1897,124 1100)

Metophosphoryl chlonde, PO2C1
Dc(omp by ir2() (Gust ivson )
Docs not (\ist (Mi( hulls)

Phosphoryl fluoride, POI'j

Absorbed md decomp it once by H/) or
alcohol (Moissin, C K 102 1245)

Phosphoryl imidoamide, PN2H30 =

PO(NH)NH2
Insol m H20, gradually decomp by boiling
with H 0, more rapidly in presence of KOH
Insol in boiling cone HCl-f Aq Insol m
cold, decomp by hot H2SO4 Moderatelv
dil H2SO4+Aq dissolves without evolution

of gas Insol m boiling nitnc or mtrosul-
phuric acid (Gerhardt, A ch (3) 20 255 )
Insol in alcohol, oil of turpentine, etc

Phosphoryl iodide, P3I608 (?)

Sol m H2O, alcohol, and ether (Burton,
Am Ch J 3 280)

P02I2 (Burton )

Phosphoryl nitride, PON

Insol m H20, acids, or alkalies (Glad-
stone, Chem Soc 2 121 )

Phosphoryl chlorosulphide, P202SCl4

Slowly decomp m contact with H20
CBesson, C R 1897, 124 153 )

Phosphoryl thio-compounds
See Thiophosphoryl compounds

Phosphoselemc acid
See Selenophosphonc acid

Phosphoselemde, M

See under M

Phosphosihcic acid

See Sihcophosphonc acid

Phosphosilicosovanadicotungstic acid

Ammonium phosphosilicosovanadicotung-

state

Exact formula not known (E F Smith,
J Am Chem Soc 1903, 25 1225 )

Phosphosilicovanadic acid, 3SiO2, 2V206,

2P20B+6H2O
Sol inHsO (Berzehus)

Phosphostannosovanadicotungstic acid

Ammonium phosphostannosovanadicotung-

state

l^xict formuli not known (E F Smith,
J Am Clum Soc 1903,25 1226)

Phosphosulphide, M

*See under M

Phosphosulphunc anhydnde, P20s, 3S03
Very eisily decomp (Weber, B 19 3190 )

Phosphotellunc acid

Ammonium phosphotellurate, 2(NH4)2O,
P206, Te03+4H20

Easily sol m H2O (Wemland, Z anorg
1901, 28 61 )

4(NH4)2O, 3P206, 2TeO3+llH2O Sol in
H20 without decomp (Wemland )

722

PHOSPHOTELLTJRATE, POTASSIUM

Potassium phosphotellurate, 1 5K2O, P206,
TeO3

+17 5 H2O Very sol in H2O
+4 5 H20 Ppt (Weinland )

Rubidium phosphotellurate, 1 5Rb2O, P2O6,
TeO8-f45H2O

Ppt (Weinland )

Sodium phosphotellurate, 2Na20, P^O^
2TeO3-h9H2O

Difficultly sol in cold H20 (Weinland )

Phospkothorosovanadicotunstic acid

Ammonium phosphothorosovanadicotung-
state
Exact formula not known (E F Smith,
J Am Chem Soc 1903, 26 1226 )

Solubility in H2O at t°

t°

100 com H2Odis
solve g of the
cryst acid

Sp gr of the
solution

0
22
43
92

16 206
49 718
53 64
86 75

1 1890
1 6913
1 8264
2 5813

(Soboleff, Z anorg 1896, 12 31 )
Solubility in ether at t°

t°

100 ccm ether dissolves g of
the cryst acid

0
7 8
18 2
24 2

81 196
85 327
96 017
101 348

Phosphotitanosovanadicotunstic acid

phosphotitanosovanadicotung-

state

Formula not known (E F Smith, J Am
Chem Soc 1903, 26 1226 )

Phosphotungstic acid, P2O8, 12W08+
42H20

Not efflorescent Sol in H2O, alcohol, and
ether (P6chard, C R 110 754 )

P2O6, 16W03+69H20 Very efflorescent
Sol m H2O. alcohol, and ether (Pochard,
C R 109 301 )

+sH2O = H6PWsO29 +sH20 (a-phospholu-
teotungstic acid) Known only in aqueous
solution (Kehrmann, B 20 1808 )

+48H20 = H3PW8028-{-16H2O (a anhydro-
phospholuteotungstic acid) Sol in its crystal
H2O by warmth of the hand, sol in less than
Vs pt H2O (Kehrmann )

Correct composition is represented by
H3PW9O3iH-9H2O (Kehrmann, Z anorg 1
422)

P2O5, 20W03-f8H2O Very efflorescent
(Gibbs, B 10 1386 )

+ 19H20=HnPW10038-f8H20 Sol in
H2O (Scheibler, B 5 801 )

+50, and 62H2O Very efflorescent
(Pochard, C R 109 301 )

3H2O, P205, 21WO3-f30HO Efflores-
cent Sol in H2O in nearly every proportion

P206, 22W03+28H20=H6PWn043-f
18H2O Efflorescent (Scheibler, B 5 801 )

Composition is 6H2O, 22WO3, P2O5-f
45H2O (Gibbs )

H8PO4, 12WO3+18H2O, or P2O5, 24W03+
39H2O Sol in H20, alcohol and ether
(Soboleff, Z anorg 1896, 12 18 )

P2O6, 24WO3+40H20=6H2O, P2O6,
24WO3+34H2O Very efflorescent Sol m
H2O (Gibbs )

+45H20

(Soboleff )

+53H2O=6H20, P206, 24W03-h47H20
Sol mH20 (Gibbs)

Sol in ether If an equal vol of ether is
placed above a layer of cone aqueous solution
of acid, oily drops form between the two
layers, which sink to bottom, forming a third
layer The sp gr of the latter is 1 525 The
crystallized acid dissolved in smallest amt
ether forms an oil of sp gr =2 083 Ethereal
solution is miscible with alcohol, and also
with a large quantity of H2O (Drechsel, B
20 1452)

+61H20 Sol m H20 (Gibbs, Proc
Am Acad 16 116)

Aluminum ammonium phosphotungstate

See Alumimcophosphotungstate, ammo-
nium

Ammonium phosphotungstate, 3(NH4)2O,
P205, 7W03+Aq

SI sol in cold H2O without decomp De-
comp by hot H20 (Kehrmann, Z anorg
1892, 1 438 )

2(NH4)A P2O5, 12WO3+5H20 Insol m
cold H2O (Pochard, C R 110 754 )

6(NH4)A P2O6, 16WO3 + 10H2O Easily
sol mhotH20 (P6chard)

5(NH4)oO. P205, 16W03+zH/) =
(NH4)6PW8O29+xH2O (Amm )mum a phos-
pholuteotungstatc) SI sol m H () (Kohr-
mann )

3(NH4)20, P20fi, 16W03+1()H20 =
(NH4)3PW8028+8H20 (Ammonium a an-
hydrophospholuteotungstate) Efflorescent
Easily sol in H2O (Kehrmann )

5(NH4)20, P205, 17W03 + 16H20 Very
si sol in cold H2O (Kehrmann, Z anorg
1894, 6 387 )

3(NH4)20, P2O6, 18W03+14H20 (Phos-
pholutestungstate ) (Kehrmann, Z anorg
1893,4 140)

PHOSPHOTTOTGSTATE, POTASSIUM

723

3(NH4)20, P206, 21W03+sH20 Rather
si sol in cold, easily in hot H20 and alcohol
Insol in sat NH4Cl+Aq (Kehrmann and
Freinkel, B 25 1972)

3(NH4)20, 3H20, P205, 22W03-fl8H2O
SI sol in cold H2O (Gibbs )

3(NH4)20, 3H20, P206, 24W03+26H20
Very si sol even in hot H20 (Gibbs, Proc
Am Acad 16 122)

Ammonium barium a anhydrophospholuteo-
tungstate, NH4BaPW8
(NH4)20, 2BaO, P206,
Sol mH20 (Kehrmann)

Banum phosphotungstate, 2BaO. P2O6,
12W03+15H20

Very efflorescent Sol in H2O, insol in
alcohol (Pochard, C R 110 754 )

3BaO, P206, 16W08+zH20=Ba3(PW8O28)
+a;H20 (Barium a-anhydrophospholuteo-
tungstate) Not efflorescent Quite diffi-
cultly sol in H20 (JKehrmann )

2BaO, P205, 16W03 -f 10H20 Efflorescent
(Pochard, A ch (6) 22 240 )

2BaO, 6H20, P2O6, 20W03+24H20 Sol
in H2O (Gibbs, B 10 1386 )

6BaO, 2H20, P206, 20W03+46H20 Sol
in H20 (Gibbs, Proc Am Acad 16 126 )

7BaO, P206, 22W03+59H2O Sol in H2O,
(Sprerger, J pr (2) 22 418 )

+53H2O (Kehrmann, B 24 2335 )

4BaO, 2H20, P205, 22W03+39H2O Sol
in H2O without decomp (Gibbs )

BaO, P20fi, 24W03+59H20 Sol in H2O
(Sprengcr )

2BaO, P206, 24WO3+59H20 Sol in H2O

3BaO, P2Of, 24WOd-h46H20 =3BaO, 3H2O,
P2O6,24W()3+4SH2() If isilysol m hot H2O
(Gibbb )

3BiO, P O5, 24W()i+4Hfi 0 Sol in H ()
(Sobohff, Z inorjr 1S9(> 12 IS)

+ r>8H() SolmHjO (Sprcnfiti)

tffloi(s((nt SI sol in dil BaCl+Aq
(Kchiiiunn, / inorg 1 42i)

Banum potassium phosphotungstate, 5B iQ

2K 0, P20 ^W(),+4SH()
Sol m H () (Kchimum ind iMdiikd, B
25 19(>S )

Barium silver phosphotungstate, 4Hi()

3 AgjO, P/)B, 22W()d+34II2()
Vtry bl sol in HO (Kdnminii incl
Iremkd, B 26 19W> )

Barium sodium phosphotungstate, 2 BaO,

Na2O, P2O5, 24W()d+4bH20
Sol in H20, forming cloudy liquid, which
clears up Solution in HC1 is not cloudy
(Brandhorst and Kraut, A 249 380)

Calcium phosphotungstate, CaO, 5H20,
16W07, P2O6+3H20

Readily sol m H20 (Gibbs, Proc Am
Acad 16 130)

2CaO, P206, 12W08+19H20 Efflores-
cent Insol in alcohol (Pochard. C R 110
754)

2CaO, P2O. 20W03+22H20 Efflores-
cent (Pochard, A ch (6) 22 233 )

Cadmium phosphotungstate, 2CdO. P205,

12W03+13]a20

SI efflorescent Very sol m H2O
chard, C R, 110 754 )

(Pe~-
>tungstate, 3CuO, 24WO3,

Cupnc phosi
P206+58:

Sol in H20 (Sprenger, J pr (2) 22 418 )
2CuO, P2O6, 12W03+11H20 Very efflores-
cent (Pilchard, C R 110 754 )

2CuO, P205, 20W03+13H20 Efflores-
cent (Pochard, A ch (6) 22 235 )

Lead phosphotungstate, 2PbO, P2O5, 12W03
+6H20

Insol in cold, sol in boiling H2O (Pe1-
chard, C R 110 754 )

2PbO, P206, 20W03+6H20 Sol in boiling
H20 (Pochard, A ch (6) 22 236 )

Lithium phosphotungstate, Li20, P2Os,

12W03+21H20
Sol in H20 (Pochard, C R 110 754 )

Magnesium phosphotungstate, 2MgO, P2OB,

12WO3

SI efflorescent (Pochard, C R 110 754 )
2MgO, P2O6, 20WO3+19H2O SI efflores-
cent (Pochard, A ch (6) 22 234 )

Mercurous phosphotungstate

Insol mdil HN03-fAq (Pochard, C R
110 754)

Potassium phosphotungstate, K O, P2O5,
12WOj+9H/)

iri(old, si sol mhotlI2() (Pechaui,
C II 110 754)

.ell () (Potissiumr |>li ) <lu'< i i^ ih
Voiy bl sol m c >la i 11 < i il m I <> II ( )
Sol in (old (hi HNOs+Aq (K(hururm)
iK2O, POr, K)WO, + lbH2O = KiPW8O2
H-SH2O (PotiSbium a inhydrophospho-
li I nhn.-l (^ rfflorcs((nt Lasily sol

in5K22O/P/)5"l7WO,+21 01 22HO SI
bol in cold H2O (Kc hi maim, Z anoig
1S94, 6 387 )

3K20, P2O5, 18W()3+2SH20 (Dupaic
and Pearce, Bull Soc Mm 1S95, 18 42 )

K20, 5H20, P205, 18WO, + 14HO Very
si sol inH2O (Gibbs)

6K20, P206, 18WO3-1-30H2O, and 23H2O

724

PHOSPHOTUNGSTATE, POTASSIUM LEAD

The 23H2O salt is more sol m H2O than the
30H2O salt (Gibbs )

7K20, H20, P2O6, 20W03+27H20 Sol m
H20 (Gibbs, B 10 1386 )

KoO, P206, 20W08+ 5H20 Nearly insol
m H20 (Pochard. A ch (6) 22 231 )

8K20, P206, 20WO3+18H2O SI sol in
H2O (Gibbs 5

3K2O, P2O6, 21WO3+31H20 Easily sol
in cold H20 or alcohol Much less sol in very
dil HCl+AqorKCl+Aq Decomp by boil-
ing H20 (Kehrmann and Fremkel. B 25
1971)

2K20, 4H2O, P206, 22W03+2H20 Very
si sol in H20 (Gibbs )

7K20, P2O6, 22WO3+31H2O Easily sol
m cold or hot H2O Insol in alcohol (Kehr-
mann, B 25 1966 )

3K20, 3H20, P2O6, 24WO3+8, and 14H20
Sol m a large amount of H2O with partial de-
comp (Gibbs; Proc Am Acad 16 120 )

Practically insol in H20 Easily sol m
NH4OH, alkalies, or alkali carbonates +Aq
(Kehrmann, B 24 2329 )

6K20, P206, 24WO.+18H.O Sol in H20
(Gibbs, Proc Am Acad 15 1 )

Potassium lead o-phosphoh^eotungstate
SI sol in H20 (Kehrmann )

Silver phosphotungstate, Ag20, P20fi, 12W08
+8H20

Ppt Insol in H2O (Pochard, C R 110
754)

5Ag2O, P20s, 16W03+#H2O=Ag5PW8O29
H-o;H20 (Silver a-phospholuteotungstate)
Ppt (Kehrmann )

3Ag2O, P2O6, 16WO3+16H20=Ag8PW8O28
+8H20 (Silver a-anhydrophospholuteo-
tungstate) Easily sol in H2O (Kehrmann )

Ag20, 24W03, P2O6+60H20 Insol in
H20

3Ag2O. 24W03, P2Ofi+58H20 Insol m
H20 (Sprenger, J pr (2) 22 418 )

Sodium phosphotungstate, 3Na20, P2O6,
7WO3-f-Aq

Sol in H2O (Kehrmann, Z anorg 1 437 )

5Na2O, 11H2O, 2P2O6, 12W03-f26H2O =
Na6HiiP2W608l + 13H20 (?) (Scheibler, B
5 801 )

2Na2O, P206, 12W03+18H20 Sol m
H20 Insol in alcohol (Pochard, C R 110
754 )

5Na20, 14WOS, 2P2O6+42H2O Easily
sol m H20 (Gibbs )

Na2O, P206, 20WO3, 2H20 +19H20 Sol in
H20 (Gibbs, Am Ch J 1895, 17 183 )

Na2O, P206, 20WO3+23H2O -Na20, 7H2O,
P206. 20WOS + 16H20 Easily sol m H2O

+25H20 SI efflorescent, very sol in
H20, insol m alcohol (Pochard, A ch (6)
22 227 )

2Na2O,P205,20WO8+10H20 Sol inH20,
insol in alcohol (Pochard )

+30H20 (P )

3Na20, P20fi, 20W03+32H20 As above

(P)

2Na20, P206, 22W03+9H20 Very si sol
m H2O (Gibbs )

3Na20, P206, 24WOs.+22H20 Sol m H20
(Brandhorst and Kraut, A 249 379 )

+30H2O Sol in H20 (Soboleflf, Z
anorg 1896, 12 18 )

+42H2O

Solubihty in H20 at t°

t°

100 ccm H20 dissolve g
of the cryst salt

0
22
93

22 04
59 65
98 184

(Soboleif, Z anorg 1896, 12 31 )

2Na20, 4H20, 24W03, P206+23H2O
Readily sol in H20 (Gibbs, Proc Am Acad
16 118)

Sp gr at 20° of solutions of 2Na20, 4H20,
P206, 24W03+23H20 containing

1022 2094 31 13% salt,

1 085 1 190 1 316

4261 5292 64 11% salt

1 496 1 702 2 001

or, by calculation, a=sp gr if % is crystal-
lized salt, b=sp gr if % is anhydrous salt

5

a 1040

10
1084

b 1 044 1 092

30

a 1299
b 1333

35

1370
1414

15

1131
1 143

40

1449
1507

20

1181
1 199

45

1538
1613

25% salt,
1 237
1262

50% salt,
1 640
1734

55 60 64% salt
a 1 754 1 884 1 998
b 1872
(Brandhorst and Kraut, A 249 377 )

Strontium phosphotungstate, 2SrO, P2O6,

Sol in H20 Insol in alcohol (Pochard,
C R 110 754)

Thallium phosphotungstate, T120,

12WO3+4H2O
Ppt (Pochard, C R 110 754 )

Zinc phosphotungstate, 2ZnO, P2O6, 12WO3-f

7H20
Efflorescent (Pochard, C R 110 754 )

MoTiowetophosphotungstic acid

Ammonium raonowetaphosphotungstate,

(NH4)20, 2NH4P08, 18W03+11H20
SI sol incoldH20

PHOSPHOVANADICOZIRCONOSOTUNGSTATE, AMMONIUM

725

Potassium wonometophosphotungstate,

3K20, 2KP08, 24W03+20H2O
Very si sol in H20 (Gibbs, Am Ch J 7
319)

OrJ/iowetaphosphotungstic acid

Potassium sodium orthometapho&vhotuxig-
state, 2K20, 4Na20, 6NaP03, 6K3PO4,
22W03+42±20
SI sol in H20 (Gibbs, Am Ch J 7 319 )

P2/r0phosphotungstic acid

Ammonium manganous sodium pyrofjhos-
photungstate, 5(NH4)20, 6MnO, 2Na20,
2P205, 28W03+48H2O
Very sol in cold and in hot H2O (Gibbs.

Am Ch J 1895, 17 90 )

Ammonium sodium pyrophosphotungstate,
6(NH4)4P207, 3Na4P207, 2(NH4)2O,
22W03+31H20
Nearly msol in cold H20 or NH4OH+Aq

Sol in a large amount of hot H20

Manganous sodium pyrophosphotungstate,

6Na20, 3MnO, P2O5, 14W03+36H20
Efflorescent m dry air Sol m H20 and
can be recryst therefrom (Gibbs )

Potassium pyrophosphotungstate, 9K4P2O7.
22W03+49H20

Very si sol m cold H2O

6K4P207, 3H4P207, 22W03, K2O, H2O +
42H2O SI sol in cold Sol in much boiling
H20 (Gibbs, Am Ch J 7 392 )

Phosphovanadic acid, P2Oe,V205, 2H2O+
9HO

Sol m H2O

Composition is vanadium phosphate
(VO2)H2P04-f4>£H2O (Friedhum, B 23
1531 )

This ih the only "acid" which exists (F )

P2O5, V205 + 14H20 Sol m H2(), can be
recrybt from dil HdPC)4+Aq (Dittc,C R
102 757)

3P206,2V206+9H2O SoJmHaO (Ditte )

P20fi, 3V205 (Ber/eliub )

3H20, 7P2O5, 6V205+34H2O Sol in H2O
Decomp by much H2O into —

6H20, P2O6, 20V205 + 5}H2O Sol in H2O
(Gibbs, Am Ch J 7 209 )

Ammonium phosphovanadate, (NH4)2O,
P206, V206+H20

SI sol in cold H2O (Gibbs, Am Ch J
7 209)

+3H2O Composition is (VO2)(NH4)HPO4
+H2O (Fnedheun )

(NH4)20, P2O6, 2V2O5+7H20 Easily sol
in H20 (Gibbs ) SI sol in H2O (Fried-

heim ) Composition is (NH4)20, VoO6,
H-2(VO2)H2P04-{-5H2O (Fnedheun )

5(NH4)20, 2P2O6, 3V2Ofi+24H20 Easily
sol m H2O (Ditte, C R 102 1019 ) Could
not be obtained (Friedheim )

5(NH4)20; 4P2O5, 2V2O6+24H20 As
above (Ditte ) Could not be obtained
(Friedheim )

7(NH4)20, P2O6, 12V206+26H20 Easily
sol mH20 Composition is 2(NH4)2HP04+
5(NH4)20, 12V2O6+25H20 (Fnedheim )

Potassium phosphovanadate, K20, P2O6,

2V206+7H20

SI sol in H2O. decomp thereby to 7K2O,
12V206, P206+26H2O

Composition is K2O, V206+2(VO2)H2PO4
+5H20 (Fnedheim )

3K20, 4P2Ofi, 6V205+21H20 SI sol in
H20 (Gibbs )

7K20, P208, 12V2O6+26H20 Easily sol
m H2O Composition is 2K2HP04-f5K2O,
12V205+25H2O (Friedheim)
2K20, P205, V205
3K2O, 2P205, 2V206+5H20
13K20, 2P2Oe, 22V2O6+58H2O
15K2O, 2P205, 25V206H-76H20
(Friedheim, Z anorg 1894, 5 446 )
16K2O, 2P2Ofi, 27V2O5+57H2O
6K2O, P2O5, HV2Ofi+33H2O
7K20, P205, 13V206+38H20
4K2O, P2O5, 3V2O6+3H2O
(Friedheim, Z anorg 1894, 6 459-465 )

Silver phosphovanadate, 2Ag2O, P2O5, V205+

5H2O
SI sol in cold or hot H20 (Gibbs )

Phosphovanadicotungstic acid

Ammonium phosphovanadicotungstate.
(NH4) O, P2O5, V2Oj, WO3+zH O

Ppt (Smith, J Am Chem Soc 1902, 24
577)

15(NH4)0, 2P2O5, 6V 03, 44WO.+
106H 0 Sol m PI O Insol in alcohol,
other or benzene (Rogers, J Am Chem
Soc 1903,25 303)

Phosphovanadicovanadiotungsticacid

Ammonium phosphovanadicovanadiotung-
state, 14(NH4)2O, 2P2O6, -JV2()3, 7V O ,
27W03+bOH20
Sparingly sol in cold H2O Sol m hot H O

(Rogers, J Am Chem Soc 1903, 26 309 )

Phosphovanadicozirconosotungstic acid

Ammonium phosphovanadicozirconosotung-

state

Exact formula not known (Ej. F Smith,
J Am Chem Soc 1903, 26 1226 )

724

PHOSPHOTUNGSTATE, POTASSIUM LEAD

The 23H20 salt is more sol in H20 than the
30H2O salt (Gibbs )

7K2O, H20, P206, 20WO3+27H20 Sol m
H2O (Gibbs, B 10 1386)

KoO, P206, 20WO3-f5H20 Nearly insol
m H20 (Pochard, A ch (6) 22 231 )

8K2O, P206; 20W03-f 18H20 SI sol in
H20 (Gibbs )

3K2O3 P206, 21W03+31H20 Easily sol
m cold H20 or alcohol Much less sol in very
dil HC1+ Aq or KC1+ Aq Decomp by boil-
ing H2O (Kehrmann and Fremkel, B 25
1971)

2K2O, 4H20, P2O6, 22W03+2H2O Very
si sol mH20 (Gibbs)

7K2O, P206, 22WO3+31H20 Easily sol
m cold or hot H20 Insol in alcohol (Kehr-
mann, B 26 1966 )

3K2O, 3H20, P206, 24W03+8, and 14H20
Sol ni a large amount of H20 with partial de-
comp (Gibbs, Proc Am Acad 16 120 )

Practically insol in H20 Easily sol m
NH4OH, alkalies, or alkali carbonates +Aq
(Kehimann, B 24 2329 )

6K2O, P206, 24WOs+18H20 Sol in H20
(Gibbs, Proc Am Acad 16 1 )

Potassium lead o-phosphohifeotangstate
^i sol mH20 (Kehrmann)

r phosphotungstate, Ag20, P20B, 12W03
+8H20

Ppt Insol in H2O (Pochard, C R 110
754 )

5Ag2O, P206, 16W08-fa;H20=Ag5PW8029
H-sHaO (Silver ot-phospholuteotungstate)
Ppt (Kehrmann )

3Ag20, P206, 16WO3-H6H20=Ag3PW8028
+8H2O (Silver a-anhydrophospholuteo-
tungstate) Easily sol in H2O (Kehrmann )

Ag2O, 24W03, P206-f60H2O Insol m
H2O

3Ag20; 24W03, P206+58H20 Insol in
H2O (Sprengei, J pr (2) 22 418 )

Sodium phosphotungstate, 3Na/), P2Or
7W03-fAq

Sol mH20 (Kehrmann, Z inorg 1 437 )

5Na20, 11HA 2P2O6, UWO,H-26H2O =
NafiHuPjWoOji + ldH 0 (') (Schoibkr, B
5 801)

2Na20, P206, 12WO3-flSHO Sol m
H20 Insol m alcohol (Pochard, C R 110
754)

5Na20, 14W03, 2P2O6+42H2O Easily
sol m H20 (Gibos )

Na2O, P206, 20WO3, 2H O +19H2O Sol in
H20 (Gibbs, Am Ch J 1805, 17 183 )

Na20, P206, 20W03H-23H20 = Na/), 7H2O,
P205; 20W03+16H20 Easily sol in H2O
(Gibbs )

+25H20 SI efflorescent, very sol in
H2O, insol in alcohol (Pochard, A ch (6)
22 227)

2Na20; P206, 20W03+10H20 Sol in H2O,
insol m alcohol (Pochard )

-|-30H20 (P )

3Na2O, P2O6, 20W03+32H20 As above

(P)

2Na20, P205, 22W03+9H20 Very si sol
m H20 (Gibbs )

3Na2O, P2O6, 24W08.+22H20 Sol m H20
(Brandhorst and Kraut, A 249 379 )

+30H20 Sol in H20 (Soboleff, Z
anorg 1896, 12 18 )

+42H20

Solubility in H20 at t°

t°

100 com H20 dissolve g
of the cryst salt

0
22
93

22 04
59 65
98 184

(Soboleff, Z anorg 1896, 12 31 )

2Na20, 4H20, 24W03, P206+23H20
Readily sol mH20 (Gibbs, Proc Am Acad
16 118)

Sp gr at 20° of solutions of 2Na20, 4H20,
P205, 24W03+23H2O contaimng

1022 2094 31 13% salt,

1 085 1 190 1 316

4261 5292 64 11% salt

1 496 1 702 2 001

or, by calculation, a = sp gr if % is crystal-

lized salt, b = sp gr if % is anhydrous salt

5 10 15 20 25% salt,

a 1 040 1 084 1 131 1 181 1 237

b 1 044 1 092 1 143 1 199 1 262

30 35 40 45 50% salt,
a 1299 1370 1449 1538 1640
b 1 333 1 414 1 507 1613 1 734

55 60 64% bait
a 1 754 1 884 1 998
b 1 872
(Bnindhoist and Kraut, A 249 377 )

Strontium phosphotungstate, 2SiO, P206,

Sol m H2O Iribol in alcohol (Pochard,
C R 110 754 )

Thallium phosphotungstate, 1 1/), PjO&,

12WO,+4H2O
Ppt (Pochard, C R 110 754)

Zinc phosphotungstate, 2ZnO, P2O6, 12WO3-h

7HO
Effloresce nt (Pochard, C R 110 754 )

Monometophosphotungstic acid

Ammonium monoraetaphosphotungstate,

(NH4)20, 2NH4P03, 18WO3+11H20
SI sol in cold H20

PHOSPEOVANADICOZIRCONOSOTUNGSTATE, AMMONIUM 725

V.
Am

Potassium raonometophosphotungstate,

3K20, 2KP03, 24W03+20H20
Very si sol in H20 (Gibbs, Am Ch J 7
319 )

Otaometaphosphotungstic acid

Potassium sodium or^owetophospliotung-
state, 2K20, 4Na20, 6NaP03, 6K3P04,
22W03+42H20
SI sol in H20 (Gibbs, Am Ch J 7 319 )

Pyrophosphotungstic acid

Ammonium manganous sodium pyrophos-
photungstate, 5(NH4)2O, 6MnO, 2Na20,
2P206, 28W03+48H20
'ery sol in cold and in hot H20 (Gibbs,
Ch J 1895, 17 90 )

Ammonium sodium pyrophosphotungstate,
6(NH4)4P207, 3Na4P2O7, 2(NH4)20,
22W03+31H20
Nearly msol in cold HoO or NH4OH+Aq

Sol in a large amount of hot H20

Manganous sodium pyrophosphotungstate,

6Na20, 3MnO, P2O6, 14W03+36H20
Efflorescent in dry air Sol in H20 and
can be recryst therefrom (Gibbs )

Potassium pt/rophosphotungstate, 9K4P207>
22W03+49H20

Very si sol in cold H20

6K4P207; 3H4P207, 22W03, K20, H20 +
42H20 SI sol in cold Sol in much boiling
H20 (Gibbs, Am Ch J 7 392 )

Phosphovanadic acid, P205,V205, 2H20+
9H20

Sol m H20

Composition is vanadium phosphate
(VO )H2PO4+4HH20 (Friedheim, B 23
1531)

This is the only "acid" which exists (F )

P2O5, V2O6+14H20 Sol in H20, can be
recryst from dil H3P04+Aq (Ditte, C R
102 757)

3P2O6,2V206+9H20 So^mHaO (Ditte )

P206, 3V205 (Berzelius )

3H20, 7P205, 6V,05+34H20 Sol in H20
Decomp by much H2O into —

6H20, P206, 20V206-|-53H20 Sol in H20
(Gibbs, Am Ch J 7 209 )

Ammonium phosphovanadate, (NH4)20,
P206, V206+H20

SI sol m cold H20 (Gibbs, Am Ch J
7 209)

+3H20 Composition is (V02)(NH4)HP04
4-H2O (Friedheun )

(NH4)20, P2O6, 2V206+7H20 Easily sol
in H2O (Gibbs ) SI sol m H20 (Fried-

heim) Composition is (NH4)2O, V205,
H-2(V02)H2P04+ 5H20 (Friedheim )

5(NH4)oO, 2P2O5, 3V2O5+24H2O Easily
sol ui H20 (Ditte, C R 102 1019 ) Could
not be obtained (Friedheun )

5(NH4)20, 4P205, 2V,05+24H20 As
above (Ditte) Could not be obtained
(Friedheun )

7(NH4)20, P206, 12V2O5-l-26HoO Easily
sol m H20 Composition is 2(NH4) HP04+
5(NH4)2O, 12Vo06+25H2O (Friedheim)

Potassium phosphovanadate, K O, P205,

2V205+7H20

SI sol m H20, decomp thereby to 7K20,
12V206, P205+26H20

Composition is K20, V OS+2(VO )H P04
-f 5H20 (Friedheim )

3K«,0, 4P205, 6Vo05+21HO SI sol m
H20 (Gibbs)

7K20, P200, 12V206-f-26H 0 Easily sol
in H20 Composition is 2K2HPO4-f 5K20,
12V205 +25H O (Friedheim )
2K20, P205, V206
3K20, 2P 0., 2V205+5H 0
13K20, 2P2O5, 22V205+58HoO
15K20, 2P2O5, 25Y2O5+76H 0
(Fnedheim, Z anorg 1894, 5 446 )
16K20, 2P2O6, 27V205+57H 0
6K20, P 06, 11V2064-33H O
7K20, P 05, 13Vo05+38H 0
4K20, P206, 3V205+3H20
(Fnedheun, Z anorg 1894, 5 459-46o )

Silver phosphovanadate, 2Ag20, PoO5, \ 05+

5HO
SI sol in cold or hot H20 (Gibbs )

Phosphovanadicotungstic acid

Ammonium phosphovanadicotungstate,
(NH4) 0, P2O5, V20d, W03+a;H 0
Ppt (Smith, J \m Chem Soc 1902, 24

577)

15(NH4)0, 2P05, 6\ 08, «

106H 0 Sol in H 0 Insol in alcohol,
ether or benzene (Rogers, J 4.m Chem
Soc 1903, 25 303 )

Phosphovanadicovanadiotungstic acid

Ammonium phosphovanadicovanadiotung-
state, 14(NH4) 0, 2P 05, 3\ O3, 7V O ,
27W03-f66HO
Sparingly sol m cold H 0 Sol in hot H O

(Rogers, J Am Chem Soc 1903, 25 309 )

Phosphovanadicozirconosotungstic acid

Ammonium phosphovanadicozirconosotung-

state

Exact formula not kno\vn (E«. F Smith,
J Am Chem Soc 1903, 25 1226 )

726

PHOSPHOVANADICOVANADIC ACID

Phosphovanadicovanadic acid

Ammonium phosphovanadicovanadate,

7(NH4)20, 2P206, V02, 18V206+50H20
Sol in H20 (Gibbs, Am Ch J 7 209 )
7(NH4) A 14P205, 16V02, 6V206-f 65H20

Decomp by boiling with H20 into —

5(NH4)A 10P206, 11VO«, V206+41H20

Sol in H2O (Gibbs )

Potassium - , 5K 20, 12P205, 12V02, 6V205
+40H20

Decomp by hot H2O into —

77K20, 12P206, 14VO2, 6V2Q6+52H20 <
Sol mH20 (Gibbs)

Sodium - , 4Na20, 5P2O6, V02, 4V206+

37H2O
Insol in H20 (Gibbs )

Phosphovanadiomolybdic acid

Ammonium phosphovanadiomolybdate,
7(NH4)20, 2P205, V2O5, 48Mo08+
30H20

SI sol in cold, somewhat more in hot H2O
with partial decomp (Gibbs. Am Ch J 5
391)

8(NH4)2O, P205, 8V2Ofi, 14Mo08+50H20
Easily sol in hot H20 without decomp
(Gibbs )

JA P206,

) A P206, 5V2O6, 18Mo03+45H20
)20, P06,

~4)»O, P206, 7V2O5, 15MoO3+50H20

All above compounds are sol ih H20
(Blum, J Am Chem Soc 1908, 30 1859 )

6(NH4)A P205, 7V205, 9Mo03+28H20,
H-33H O, and +37H2O

Can be recryst from H2O (Hmsen, Dis-
sert 1904)

4(NH4)2O, P2O5, 4V2O6, HMo03+37H2O
(Jacoby, Dissert 1900 )

6(NH4)2O, P205, 7V Ofi, HMoOs-f 34H2O
and-h43H20 (Hmsen, Dissert 1904 )

8(NH4)2O, P2O5, 7V2O5, HMo034-30H2O
(Hmsen )

5(NH4)20, P206, 4V2Ofi, 12Mo03+39H20
1 cc of solution in H20 contains 02624 g
of hydrous salt Sp gr of solution at 18° =
1 0932 (Lahrmann, Dissert 1904 )

6(NH4)2O, P206, 4V205} 12MoO3+24H20
Nearly msol in cold H20 (Lahrmann )

7(NH4)2O, P206, 6V205, 12MoO3+33H2O
(Stamm, Dissert 1905 )

6(NH4)2O, P206; 4V20,, 13MoO3-f 37H2O
1 cc of solution sat at 18° contains 0 1543 g
hydrous salt and has sp gr = 1 0900 (Tog
genburg, Dissert 1902 )

6(NH4)20, P206, 5V206, 13Mo03+29H20
1 cc solution sat at 18° contains 0 2533 g
hydrous salt Sp gr = 1 0797 (Stamm.
Dissert 1905)

+32H20 (Stamm )

+34H2O Stamm )

6rNH4) O, P20e, 4V205, 14Mo03+28H20
Easily sol m H2O with decomp (Toggen-
burg, Dissert 1902 )

8(NH4)A Pa06, 4V206. 14MoO8+24H20
Decomp by cold H20 (Lahrmann. Dissert
1904)

5(NH4)A PsOs, 3V206, 5Mo084-39H20
1 cc of solution sat at 18° contains 0 2445
g hydrous salt and has sp gr = 1 144 ( Ja-
coby, Dissert 1900)

6(NH4) A PaO*, 3V205, 15 Mo03+4lH20
Extraordinarily easily sol in H20 (Ja-
coby )

7(NH4)20, PaOs, 3 206, 18Mo03H-31H20
(Schulz Dissert 1905)

6(NH4)20, P205, 3V206, 18Mo08+40H20
(Schulz )

8(NH4)2O, P206, 5V20 , 73Mo08+26H20
+33H2O (Stamm, Dissert 1905)

Ammonium barium , 0 5(NH4)20,

55BaO, P205, 6V206, 8Mo034-38H20
(Hmsen, Dissert 1904 )

2(NH4) A 4BaO P2O6, 7V206, 10 Mo08+
43HaO SI sol inH20 Deoomp on heating
(Toggenburg, Dissert 1902 )

(NH4)A 5BaO, P20fi, 6V206, 12Mo03+
49 H2O Less sol in H2O than NH4 comp
( Jacoby, Dissert 1900 )

2(NH4) A 4BaO, P2O5, 4V2Oe, 13Mo03+
37 H2O Sol in much hot H2O with decomp
(Toggenburg, Dissert 1902 )

2iNH4)A 4BaO, P206, 5V2O5, 13Mo03+
46H 0 (Stamm, Dissert 1905 )

3 NH4) A 4BaO, P2O5, 5V2O5, 13Mo03+
40H20 (Stamm )

3(NH4) A 3BaO, P205, 4V,O5, 14Mo03+
39H20 (Stamm)

2fNH4)20, 4BaO, P205, 3V O6, 17MoO3-l-
46H20 (Schulz, Dissert 1906 )

Ammonium potassium , (NH4) O, 6K2O,

P206, 6V206, 10 MoO34-38H20

(Jacoby, Dissert 1900 )

(NH4)2O, 6K2O, PiOft, 7V2()6, HMoOaH-
25H2O (Jacoby, Dissert 190° )

(NH4)A 5KA P^Ofi, 6V O6, 12Mo()3 +
46H20 ( Jacoby )

(NH4)20, 5K,O, PiO r)V/)f, liMoOsH-

+25H20,+29H20, +30H20 SI sol in
cold, more easily in hot H2O (Stamm,
Dissert 1905)

5K2O, (NH4)2O, PS()B, 4V206, l4Mo(),+
31 0 (Stamm )

(NH4)2O, 4KO, P/)fi, JVO6 lr>MoO,H-
36H2O (Jaonby, Disscit 1900)

(NH4)2O, 6K,O, P2O6) JVa()6, lSMo(),+
43H O (fechulz, Dissert 1905 )

5(NH )S0, K2O, P206j 2V2O , 20MoO8 +
52H2O (Schulz )

Banum potassium , 2BaO, 2K20, P205,

2V2O5, 18 MoOs+47H20
(Schub, Dissert 1905)

PLATINATE, BARIUM, BASIC

727

Potassium phosphovanadiomolybdate, 7K20
P2O6, 7V205, 9Mo03+25H20

(Fmsen, Dissert 1904 )

5K20, P206, 2V2Ofi, 20Mo03+53H20
(Schulz, Dissert 1905 )

Phosphovanadiotungsfcc acid

Ammonium phosphovanadiotungstate,
10(NH4)2O, 3P205, V206, 60W03+
60H20

Nearly msol in cold, si sol m hot H20
Sol in (NH4)2HP04+Aq, and in NH4OH+
Aq

5(NH4)20, P205, 3V206, 16W08+37H20

Easily sol in H20
391)

(Gibbs, Am Ch J 5

13(NH4)20, 2P206, 8V205, 34W03+86H20
Very sol in cold and hot H20

nsol in alcohol, ether, CS2, benzene and
nitrobenzene (Rogers, J Am Chem Soc
1903, 25 299 )

Banum , ISBaO, 3P2O6, 2V20 , 60W03

+144H2O

Easily sol in hot H2O with decomp
(Gibbs, Am Ch J 5 391 )

Potassium •

3K20, P205, V206, 7W03+

11H,0

Sol m H 0

8K 0, 3P205, 4V205, 18W03+23H20 Sol
m hot H2 ) with decomp into preceding salt
(Gibbs, Am Ch J 5 391 )

Silver , 13Ag2O, 2P206, 8V206, 33W03+

41H20

Somewhat sol in H2O

Completely sol in H20 containing i few
drops HNO3 (Hogeis, J Am Chem Soc
1903, 25 302 )

Phosphovanadiovanadicotungstic acid

Barium phosphovanadiovanadicotungstate,
18BiO, 3P/)r VO,, VO, bl)WO3 +
150H/)
SI sol in (old, c isil> sol in hot H^O

(Gibbs, Am Ch J 5 3<)1 )

Phosphuretted hydrogen
/Sec Hydrogen phosphide

Platibromomtrous acid

Potassium platibromomtrite, K Pt(N()J4Hi2
Rather si sol in H2O (Blomstr ind, J pi
(2) 3 214 )

Sol in about 40 pts cold, ind 20 pts boil-
ing H2O Insol m alcohol SI sol in KBr or
KN02+Aq (Vezes,A ch (6)29 198)

K2Pt(N02)3Br3 Sol in about 5 pts warm
H20 with decomp (Vczcs )

K2Pt(N02)2Br4 Sol in less than 5 pts
H20 with decomp (V£zes )

PlatLchloromtrous acid

Potassium platichloromtnte, K2Pt(N02)4Cl2
Rather si sol mH20 (Blomstrand J pr
(2) 3 214 )

Sol m 40 pts cold, and 20 pts boiling H20
Insol in alcohol SI sol in KC1 or KN02-f
Aq (Vezes,A ch (6; 29 183)

Very sol in H20 (Vezes )
^ Sol in H20 with
decomp (V&zes )

Platuodomtrous acid

Potassitun platuodomtrite, K2Pt(N02)2I4

SI sol m cold, more easily m hot H20, de-
comp b} boiling (V&ze , A ch (6) 29
207)
K2Pt(N02)I5 As above (VSzes )

Platin-
See also Pla ino-, plato-, p at-, and platos-

Platin^amine compounds

See Chloro-, bromo-, hydroxylo-, iodo-, m*
rato-, mtnto-, sulphate-, etc , platindiamrne
compounds

Platininamine carbonate,

Pt(NH3)6(C03)2

Ppt Sol in NaOH+Aq (Geddes, J pr
(2) 26 257 )

chloride Pt(NH3)bCl4

Sol m hot H20 (Gerdeb )

— chloroplatinate, Pt(NH3) C14, PtCl4 +

2H20
V(ry si sol m H20 (Gcides )

-- nitrate, Pt(NHs),(N()8)4

I' isily sol m 11 0, si sol in HN()3+Aq
(G(id(s)

- sulphate, Ft(NH3)f(S()4) +H ()
N< uly nibf)l in II2O (Gcrdos )

7Wraplatinamine iodide, Pt^NHsMio
(Blomsti ind, Ii 16 1469)

Odoplatinamine iodide, Pt8(NIFOj(ljs
(Hlornsti ind )

Platinic acid

Barium platmate, basic (0,

, JPtO

in HC H^O +A(j, ( isily sol in

HCl+Aq (lloussc m )

728

PLATINATE, BARIUM

Barium platinate, BaPt08

(Rousseau, C R 109 144 )

H-H2O Insol in dil HNOsH-Aq, sol in
warm HCl+Aq (Topsoe, B 3 464 )

-f 4H20 Very si sol m H20, Ba02H2, or
NaOH+Aq Easily sol in dil acids, except
HC2H8O2, in which it is msol in the cold,
but decomp on heating (Topsoe, I c )

Composition is 3BaPt08, BaCl2, PtCl2O +
4H2O (?) (Johannsen, A 155 204 )

Calcium platinate chloride (?), 2Ca2Pt2O5Cl2
+7H2O (?)

"Herschel's precipitate "

Easily sol in HCl+Aq, and m HN03-f Aq,
if freshly pptd (Herschel »

Very sol in HNOs+Aq (Weiss and
Dbbereiner, A 14 252 )

Composition is CaPtO8 PtCl2O, CaO-f-
7H2O (?) (Johannsen, A 155 204 )

Potassium platinate

Sol mH2O (Berzehus)

K20, Pt02+3H20 Very sol in H20
(Blondel, A ch 1905, (8) 6 90 )

K2Pt(OH)6 Sol in H20, msol IB alcohol
(Bellucci, Z anorg 1905, 4A 173 )

Sodium platmate, Na20, 3Pt02-f-6H20

Dil acids dissolve out Na20 and leave Pt02
Sol m HNO3-f-Aq (Doberemer, Pogg 28
180)

NassO, PtO2+3E2O Sol in H2O (Blon-
del)

Metaplatonc acid, 5Pt02, 5H2O

Insolf in H20 (Blondel, A ch 1905, (8)
6 103)

Sodium metaplatinate, Na2O, 5Pt02+9H2O

Insol in H 0 (Blondel )

Platimmolybdic acid, 4H2O, PtO2, 10Mo03
(Gibbs )

Ammonium platuumolybdate

SMoO3, 2PtO

4Mo08, 2Pt(X,2(NH4)20-|-19H20
Sol mhotH/) (Gibbs, Am Ch J 1895,

17 SO-S2)

Potassium platimmolybdate,

bOMoOa, PtOj, IOK O+40H/3
So m hot H2O (Gibbs )

Silver platuumolybdate

Sodium platuumolybdate, 4Na20, Pt02,

10 MoOs+29H2O
•Sol m H20 (Gibbs, Sill Am J (3) 14
61)

Platimtungstic acid

Ammonium platmitungstate, 4(NH4)2O, Pt02,

10W08+12H20
Sol m H20 (Gibbs, B 10 1384 )

Potassium platmitungstate, 4K20, PtO2,

10WO8-h9H2O
Sol in H2O (Gibbs )

Sodium platimtungstate, 4Na20, Pt02>
10WOs+25H20

Sol in H20 (Gibbs )

5Na20, 7WOS, 2PtO2+35H2O Sol m
H20 (Gibbs )

Is double salt 3Na20, 7WO3+2Na2PtO8
(Rosenheim, B 24 2397 )

10W03, PtO2, 4Na20+23H2O

10WO8, PtO2, 6Na20+28H2O

20WO3, Pt02, 9Na20+58H2O

30W08, 2Pt02, 15Na2O-fS9H2O

30W08, PtO2, 12Na20-h72H2O

All are sol in boiling H2O (Gibbs, Am
Ch J 1895, 17 74-80 )

Platino-

See also Plato —

Platinochlorophosphoric acid
See Chloroplatinophosphonc acid

Platinocyanhydnc acid, H2Pt(CN)4

Deliquescent Very sol in H20, alcohol,
and ether

Ammonium platinocyamde, (NH4)2Pt(CN)4

Very sol in H2O

+2H2O Sol m 1 pt H2O7 and still more
easily in alcohol
+H20

Ammonium hydroxylamine platinocyamde,

NH4(NH40)Pt(CN)4+3HH20
Sol in H2O (Scholz, M Ch 1 900 )

Ammonium magnesium platinocyamde,

(NH4)2Mg[Pt(CN)4]2+6PI20

Barium platinocyamde, BaPt(CN)4-f4H2O

Sol in 33 pts H2O at 16°, and in much less
at 100° Sol m alcohol

Barium potassium platinocyamde,

BaK2[Pt(CN)4]2
Sol in H2O

Barium rubidium platinocyamde,

BaRb2[Pt(CN)4]2
Sol mH2O

PLATINOCYANIDE, PRASEODYMIUM

729

Cadmium platinocyamde, CdPt(CN)4

ii£PQ7^So1 m NH4°H+Aq (Martius,
117 oYO )

CdPt(CN)4, 2NH8+H2O (M )

Calcium platinocyamde, CaPt(CN)4-f 5H20
Very sol m H2O

Calcium potassium platinocvamde

CaK2[Pt(CN)4]2
Sol mH20

Cerium platinocyamde, Ce2[Pt(ClSr)4]3+
18H2O

Sol mH2O

Cobaltous platinocyamde ammonia,

CoPt(CN)4, 2NH3
Insol m H2O, but sol in hot NH4OH+Aq

Cupnc platinocyamde, CuPt(CN)4+zH20
Ppt

Cupnc platinocyamde ammonia, CuPt(CN)4,
2NH& H-H20

CuPt(CN)4, 4NH3 Sol in H20, alcohol,
and ether

Didynuum platuiocyamde, Di2[Pt(CN)4]3+

18H20

Efflorescent in dry air Sol m H20
(Cleve )

Dysprosium platinocyamde, Dy2[Pt(CN)4]3+

21H2O

Easily sol m H20 (Jantsch, B 1911, 44
1277)

Erbium platinocyamde, Er2[Pt(dST4)]3+

21H20
Sol mH2O (Cleve)

Gadolinium platinocyamde,

2Gd(CN)8, 3Pt(CN)2-f 18H2O
Sol m H2O, decomp in the air (Bene-
dicks, Z anorg 1900, 22 405 )

Glucinum platinocyamde, GlPt(CN)4
(Toczynski, Dissert 1871 )

Hydroxylamme platuiocyamde,

(NH40)2Pt(CN)4+2H20
Deliquescent Very sol m H2O (Scholz

Hydroxylamme hthium platinocyamde,

(NH40)LiPt(CN)4+3HoO
Sol m H2O

Indium platinocyamde,

In2[Pt(CN)4]8+2H2O
Hydroscopic, sol in H2O (Renz, B 1901

Jtiyd
34 271

r65)

anthanum platinocyamde, La2[Pt(CN)4]s

+18H2O
Easily sol m H2O (Cleve )

Magnesium platinocyanide, MgPt(CN)4+

2H20

Solubility in H20

100 g of the sat solution contain at
96 4° 100°

44 33 43 96 g MgPt(CN)4

(Buxhoevden, Z anorg 1897, 15 325 )

+4H20

Solubility in H 0

100 g of the sat solution contain at
42 2° 46 3° 48 7° 55°
40 21 39 79 40 75 40 02 g MgPt(CN)4,

58 1° 69° 77 8° 87 4°

42 01 43 48 44 88 45 52 g MgPt(CN)4,

90° 93°

45 59 45 04 g MgPt(CN)4

(Buxhoevden )

•f7H20 Sol m 34 pts H20 at 16°
Easily sol m alcohol and ether
Solubility in H20

100 g of the sat solution contain at
4 12° +0 5° 5 5° 18 0°
24 9 26 33 28 07 31 23 g MgPt(CN)4,

36 6° 45 0° 46 2°
38 36 41 32 41 96 g MgPt(CN)4
(Buxhoevden )

Magnesium potassium platinocyanide,
MgKo[Pt(CN)4]2+7H O

Sol m H2O

Mercuric platuiocyamde, HgPt(CN)4
Ppt

Mercuric platinocyanide nitrate, 5HgPt(CIS)4
Hg(N03)2 + 10HO

Ppt

Nickel platinocyamde ammonia, N"iPt(CN")4>
2NH3+H20

Potassium platinocyamde, K Pt(C2s)4+
3H20

Extremely efflorescent SI sol m cold,
easily m hot H20 (\\ illm, B 19 9oO )

Sol m alcohol and ether

Potassium sodium platinocyanide, K Pt(CN)4,

Na2Pt(CN)4+6HoO
Sol m H20 (Willm, B 19 950 )

Praseodymium platuiocyamde,

2Pr(CN)3, 3Pt(CN)2

Sol m H20 (Von Scheele, Z anorg 1898,
18 355)

7CO

PLATINOCYANIDE, SAMARIUM

Samantim platinocyanide, Sm2[Pt(CN4)]3

+18H2O
Sol mH2O (Cleve)

Scandium platmocyamde, Sc2[Pt(CN)4]s
+21H2O

Sol in H2O and msol m alcohol, when
boiled in alcohol it is dehydrated (Crookes,
Phil Trans 1910, 210 A, 368 )

H-21H2O (Orlow, Ch Z 1912, 36 1407 )

Silver platinocyanide, Ag2Pt(CN)4
Insol in H2O Sol in NH4OH-f Aq

Silver platinocyanide ammonia, Ag2Pt(CN)4,

2NHS
Insol in H20 Sol in NH4OH+Aq

Silver platinocyanide bromide
See Bromoplatinocyanide, silver

Silver platinocyanide chloride
See Chloroplatinocyanide, silver

Silver platinocyanide iodide
See lodplatinocyamde, silver

Sodium platinocyanide, Na2Pt(CN)44-3H2O
Easily sol in H20 (Willm, Z anorg 4

298)

Sol in alcohol

Strontium platinocyanide, SrPt(CN)4-f-5H2O
Sol mHjO

ThaUous platinocyanide, Tl2Pt(CN)4

Nearly insol in cold, si sol in hot H2O
(Friswell, Chem Soc 24 461 )

Thallous platmocyamde carbonate,

2Tl2Pt(CN)4, T12C08
Nearly insol in cold H20 (F )

Thorium platmocyamde, Th[Pt(CN)4]2+

16H20

Somewhat difficultly sol in cold, easily in
hot H20 (Cleve, Sv V A H Bih 2 No 6 )

TJranyl platmocyamde, (IJO2)Pt(CN)4+zH2O
Sol in H2O (Lew, Chem Soc 1908, 93
1459)

Ytterbium platinocyanide, 2Yb(CN)3,

3Pt(CN)2+18H20

Easily sol in H2O (Cleve, Z anorg 1902,
32 139)

Yttrium platmocyamde, Y2IPt(CN)J8-f-

21H20

Easily sol in H20 Insol m absolute
alcohol (Cleve and Hoglund )

Zinc platmocyamde ammonia. ZnPt(CN)4,
2NH8+H*0 '

Platinonitrous acid
See Platomtrous acid

Platmoplatuucyanhydnc acid, HPt(CN)*

Sol in H2O (Levy, Chem Soc 1912, 101
1093 )

Platmoselenocyanhydnc acid

Potassium platmoselenocyamde,

K2Pt(SeCN)6

Sol in H20 and alcohol (Clarke and Dud-
ley, B 1878, 11 1325 )

Platmoselenostanmc acid

See under Selenostannate, platinum

Plataososulphocyanhydric acid,

H2Pt(SCN)4
Known only in aqueous solution

Potassium platrnososulphocyanide,

K2Pt(SCN)4

Permanent Sol in 25 pts H->0 at 15°,
and more readily at higher temp Very sol
in warm alcohol

Silver - , Ag2Pt(SCN)4

Insol in H20 Sol in KSCN-fAq, and
partly sol in NH4OH+Aq

Platinosulphocyanhydnc acid,

H2Pt(SCN)6

Known only m aqueous, and ilcoholic solu-
tions

Ammonium platinosulphocyamde,

(NH4)2Pt(bCN)G
Sol in H2O and alcohol

Barium - , BaPt(bCN),
Sol in H2O and alcohol

Ferrous - , J ePt(fc>CN)a

Insol in H20 or alcohol Not att ickcd by
dil H2SO4, HC1,

Lead - , PbPt(bCNT)6

SI sol m cold, decomp by hot H () Sol
m alcohol

PbPt(SCN)6, PbO Insol m H () or alco-
hol Sol m acetic or nitric acids

Mercurous - , Hg2Pt(SCN)r
Ppt Insol mH20

PLATINUM AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS

731

Potassium platmosulphocyamde,

K2Pt(&CN)6

Sol m 12 pts H20 at 60° Much more
easily in boilmg H20, and still more easily in
hot alcohol

+2HoO (Miolati and Bellucci, Gazz
Ch it 1900, 30, II 592 )

Silver , Ag2Pt(SCN)6

Insol in H20 or K2Pt(SCN)6+Aq Sol
in cold NEUOH+Aq and in KCNS+Aq

Sodium , Na Pt(SCN)6

Sol in H2O and alcohol

Platmosulphostanmc acid

See under Sulphostannate, platinum

Platinosulphurous acid
See Platosulphurous acid

Platinum, Pt

Not attacked by H20, H2S04, HC1, or
HNOs+Aq Slowly sol in aqua regia, or a
mixture of HBr and HN03, but much less
easily than Au

Precipitated Pt is remarkably sol in
HCl+Aq m presence of air (Wilm, B 1881,
14 636)

Pure Pt foil is attacked by fuming HC1
under influence of light, but not in the dark
(Berthelot, C R 1904. 138 1297 )

Dil HCl+Aq dissolves 10-15% Pt from
active Pt black (Wohler, B 1903, 36 3482 )

Cone HN03 oxidizes Pt black, Pt sponge,
less easily, sheet Pt, slightly (Wohler,
Dissert 1901 )

Pt m presence of Hg is more or less sol
in cone HN03 (Tarugi, Gazz ch it 1903,
33,11 171)

Pt vessels are attacked by evaporating
HN03 therein (Jaunek and Meyer, Z
anorg 1913, 83 71 )

SI bol in com H2S()4 (ontunmg small
amounts (f nitiogcn oxiihs (Schdnd-
kostnd C R 86 10S2)

Pt black, pptd by formic acid, is easily
sol in boiling II SO4 (Dcvilk and Stas,
Pans, 1878 )

Thin sheet Pt is attacked by boiling H2S04
containing K2SO4, 1 sq cm loses 001 g
m 1 hour and velocity of the leaction is not
accelerated by addition of HN03 Pt black
is completely dissolved under the above con-
ditions ;n 50 hourfe (Delepme, C R 1905,
141 1013)

Further data on solubility of Pt m H2S04
are given by Deldpme (C R 1906, 142
631)

95% H2S04 dissolves 0 04 g Pt from com-
mercial Pt at 250-260° m 28 hours (Con-
roy. J Soc Chem Ind 1903, 22 465 )

See also Quenessen (Bull Soc 1906,
(3)36 620)

0 0038 g is dissolved by 10 cc of boihng
H2S04 (McCoy, Eighth Inter Cong App
Chem 1912 2 )

HCl+HNOs, so long as they are sufficiently
dil or the temperature is so low that they
cannot react on each other, have no action on
Pt Addition of Cl does not bring about re-
action, but a few drops of KN02 or N203+Aq
bring about an immediate reaction (Millon ;

Slowly sol in HI+Aq (DeviUe, C R 42
896)

Cone HaPOi attacks Pt when heated in
presence of air, but not in its absence (Hutt-
ner, Z anorg 1908, 59 216 )

Pt dissolves easily in most acids when they
contain H202 (Fauiey, B 1875,8 1600)

Slowly sol in boihng FeCls+Aq f Saint-
Pierre, C R 64 1077 )

FeCls m acid solution is without influence
on Pt (Mane, C R 1908, 146 476 )

Pt is completely insol in KCN+Aq
(Rossler, Z Chem 1866 175 )

Pt is attacked by boihng cone KCN+Aq
(Deville and Debray, C R 82 241 )

Solubility of Pt in 10% JCCN+Aq is very
small at ord temp (1 4 mg m 8 days) but
is considerably greater in boihng cone KCN
+Aq (71 5 mg m 5 hours) (Glaser, Z
Elektrochem 1903, 9 15 )

Pt foil is dissolved in boihng KCN-f Aq
(0 030 g for 1 cc in 1 hour) Insol in cold
KCN+Aq (Brochet and Petit, C R 1904,
C R 138 1255)

Sol m RbCl4I+Aq (Erdmann, Arch
Phaim 1894, 232 30 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Goie, Am Ch J
189S, 20 828 )

Platinum ammonium compounds

Data published since the first edition of this
work have not been included in this edition

fice— •

Platosamine comps ,
Plato srwurfraxmne comps ,

p,
U<

R

comps ,

p NIIaNH,R
Lt<NH3H

Plato^amuie comps Pt

Platosos^ w/amme comps , Pt <

Diplatof/iamme comps ,
Pt— NH,NHjH

Pt— NH3 Nil, H

Bromoplatuiamme comps ,
Hi Pt<:NH,R
Hljlt<NH8R

Chloroplatmamme comps »
i R

3

732

PLATINUM ANTIMONIDE

Chloromtratoplatinainine comps ,

lodoplatinanune comps
Hydroxyloplatmanune comps ,

/r\TT\ T>J. ^NxI3 R

(OH)2Pt<NHaR

Nitratoplatinanune comps ,

Sulphatoplatinamine comps ,

Bromoplatinsemdzamine comps ,
Br3PtNHs NH3 R

Bromomtritoplatinsmwfaamine comps ,
Br2(NO2)PtNH3 NH8 R

CWoroplatmsm^iamine comps ,
Cl3PtNH3 NH3 R

Chlorohydroxylomtntosem^amine comps

lOHNOPtNHs NH8 R

CMoromtntoplatmsmw&amine comps ,
Cl2(NO2)PtNH3 NH8 R

lodoplatinsemz,£&amine comps ,
IsPtNHs NH3 R

Hydroxylos#mcfoamine comps ,
(OH)3PtNH3 NH3 R

Bromoplatinwonoi&amine comps ,

Bromohydroxyloplatmwowocfoamine comps

Chloroplatinmonodianune comps ,
ip tfH3NH3R

i2pt<NH-3R

lodomtratoplatinmono^aniine comps ,

HydroxyloplatinwoTJo^amine comps ,

pt<rNH3NH3R
2Pt<NHsR

Bromoplatin^anune comps ,

Bromocarbonatoplatlnd^am^ne comps ,

BromocUoroplatuacfoaniine comps ,
BrClPt(NH3)4R2

Bromohydroxyloplatin^armne comps ,
Br(OH)Pt(NH3)4R2

Bromonitratoplatindiamine comps ,
Br(N03)Pt(NHs)4R2

Bromosulphatoplatindtamine comps ,
Br2(S04)[Pt(NH3)4R2]2

Carbonatocliloroplatiii^aniine comps ,
(C03)Ch[Pt(NH,)4R2]s

Carbonatomtratoplatincfoamine comps ,
(C03)(N03)2iPt(NH3)4R2]2

Chloroplatincfoamine comps ,

Chloroliydroxyloplatin^arniiie comps ,
C1(OH)(NH3)4R2

Chloroiodoplatmdzamine comps ,
CUPt(NH3)4R2

Chloromtratoplatindiamine comps .
Cl(N03)Pt(NH3)4R2

Hydroxyloplatincfoamine comps .
(OH)2Pfc(NH3)4R2

Hydrozylomtrato^zamine comps .
(OH)(N03)Pt(NHs)4R2

Hydroxylostilphato^amine comps ,
(OH)2S04[Pt(NH3)4R2]2

lodoplatinrftamme comps , I2Pt(NH3)4R2

lodonitritoplatiiidtamine comps .
I(N02)Pt(NH3)4R2

Nitratoplatin^annne comps .
(N03)2Pt(NH3)4R2

Nitntoplatin^aniiiie comps .
(N02)2Pt(NH3)4R2

Sulphatoplatin^amine comps ,
(S04)Pt(NH,)4R»

lodo^platinamme comps ,

NH3R

Bromod^platlnd^amlne comps ,

Hydroxylodiplatm^amine comps ,
(OH)2Pt2(NH3)8R4

Jodo^^platin^^amine comps ,
I2Pt2(NH3)8R4

Nitrato^zplatmdiamme comps ,
(N03)2Pt2(NH3)8R4

Platin^namine comps ,

Te^raplatinamine comps , Pt4(NH3)8Rio
Ocioplatinamine comps , Pt8(NH3)ioRi8

Platinum antimonide, PfcSb2
(Chnstofle, 1863 )

Platinum arsenide, Pt3As2
(Tivoh, Gazz ch it 14 487 )
PtAs2 Mm Sperryhte SI attacked by
aqua regia (Wells, Sill Am J (3) 37 67 )

Platinum arsenic hydroxide (?), PtAsOH

Insol in, and slowly decomp by H20 and
alcohol Easily decomp by HCl+Aq, not
attacked by HN03+Aq Sol in aqua regia,
not attacked by cold cone H2SO4, but de-
comp on heating (Tivoh. Gazz ch it 14
487)

PLATINOUS CHLORIDE CARBONYL

733

Platinum potassium azounide

Ppfc Explodes violently even in aq solu-
tion (Curtius, J pr 1898, (2) 58 304 )

Platinum boride, Pt2B2

Very slowly sol in aqua regia (Martins,
A 109 79 )

Platinous bromide, PtBr2

Insol m H20 Sol in HBr-f-Aq SI sol
in KBr+Aq (Topsoe, J B 1868 274 )

Platuuc bromide, PtBr4

Not deliquescent, sol in H20 (Mever
and Zubhn, B 13 404 )

SI sol in H2O 100 g PtBr4+Aq sat at
20° contain 0 41 g PtBr4 (Halberstadt, B
17 2962 )

Easily sol mHBr+Aq,sl sol mHC2H802
+Aq Sol in considerable amount in K or
NH4 oxalateH-Acj

Very si sol in alcohol or ether, also m
glycerine (Halberstadt )

Platuuc hydrogen bromide
See Bromoplatinic acid

Platmous bromide carbonyl
See Carbonyl platinous bromide

Platuuc bromide with MBr
See Bromoplatinate, M

Platinum carbide, PtC2

Hot aqua regia dissolves out nearly all the
Pt (Zeise, J pr 20 209 )

Platinum carbon ^sulphide, PtCS2
See Platinum sulphocarbide

Platinum monochlonde, PtCl-f-o;H20

Easily sol in HC1, mod sol in hot dil
H2SO4 without decomp (Sonstadt, Proc
Chem Soc 1898, 14 179 )

Platinous chloride, PtCl2

Insol in H2O, cone H2SO4, or HNO3 Sol
in hot HCl-J-Aq with exclusion of air (Bu
zelms )

Insol in alcohol 01 ether, sol in NH4OH +
Aq (Raewsky, A ch (3) 22 280 ) Sol m
aqua regia with formation of PtCl4

Insol in cold cone KI-J-Aq, but sol when
heated (Lassaigne, A ch (2) 61 117 )

SI sol m liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 828 )

Insol in acetone (lidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014 )

Platinum Zrzchlonde, PtCl8

SI sol in cold, more sol m hot H2O
Partially hydrolyzed by boiling with H20

Insol m cold cone HC1 Sol in hot cone
HC1 with decomp

Pol in KI+Aq (Wohler, B 1909, 42
3961)

Platinic chloride, PtCl4

Not deliquescent Very sol in H2O (Pul-
hnger, Chem Soc 61 420)

Sp gr of aqueous solution containing

5 10 15 20 25 %PtCl4,
1 046 1 097 1 153 1 214 1 285

30 35 40 45 50 % PtCl4
1 362 1 450 1 546 1 666 1 785
(Precht, Z anal 18 512 )

Insol in cone H2SO4 (Dumas )

SI sol in liquid NH8 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 828 )

Sol in alcohol and ether, sol in anhydrous
acetone (Zeise, A 33 34 )

Insol in ether (Willstatter, B 1903, 36
1830)

SI sol m methvl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

Sol m acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4328 )

+H2O Sol m H2O (Gutbier and Hem-
rich, Z anorg 1913, 81 378 )

+4H2O Sol in H2O (Pigeon, C R
1891, 112 792 )

+5H20 Not deliquescent Sol in H2O or
HCl+Aq

Composition is probably H2PtCl4O+4H2O
(Norton, J pr 110 469 )

-f7H20 Sol in H20 (Pigeon )

+8H20 (Blondel, A Ch 1905, (8) 6
98)

Platimc thallium chloride, Tl3Pt2Cl8H6O4

Ppt , msol in H2O (Miolati, Z anorg
1900, 22 460)

Platinous hydrogen chloride
See Chloroplatinous acid

Platimc hydrogen chloride
See ChloropJatmic acid

Platinous chloride with MCI
/S<e Chloroplatmite, M

Platimc chloride with MCI
See Chloioplatmate, M

Platinous phosphorus chloride

&ee Phosphorus platinous chloride

Platimc phosphorus chloride
See Phosphorus platimc chloride

Platinous chloride carbonyl
See Carbonyl platinous chloride

734

PLATINUM CHLORIDE HYDROXYLAMINE

Platinum chloride hydroxylamme,

Pt(NH2OH)2Cl2

Ppt Sol in alcohol and in ether De-
comp in aq solution

Pt(NH2OH)4Cl2 Sol in H2O (Uhlen-
huth, A 1900,311 124)

Platinous chloride sulphocarbamide,

PtCl2, 4CS(NH2)2

SI sol in H2O, very sol in hot H20
decomp si on boiling (Kurnakow, J pr
1894, (2) 60 483 )

Platinum cliloroiodide, PtCl2I2

Very deliquescent (Kammerer, A 148
329)

PtCHs Insol in H2O SI sol in alcohol
Sol in KOH-fAq, from which it is pptd by
H2S04 (Mather, Sill Am J 27 257 )

Platinum chloromtride, PtNCl
(Alexander, C C 1887 1254 )

Platinous cyanide with MCN
See Platmocyarude, M

Platinous fluoride, PtF2(?)

Insol in HoO (Moissan, A ch (6)A24
287 )

Platmic fluoride, PtP4

Dehquescent Sol in H2O with immediate
decomp into PtO4H4 and HF (Moissan, C
R 109 807)

Platinous hydroxide, Pt02H2

Sol in HC1, HBr, and H2SO3-fAa, but
not in other oxygen acids Decomp by
boiling KOH+Aq (Thomsen, J pr (2) 16
344)

When freshly pptd, is msol in dil HN03
and H2S04; and in HC2H302, sol in cone
HNO3 and H2S04 Very sol in H2S08 and
HC1 After drying, is insol in cone HN03
and H2SO4 (Wohler, Z anorg 1904, 40
424 )

Platmic hydroxide, Pt(OH)4

Easily sol in dil acids and in NaOH-j-Aq
(Topsoe, J B 1870 386 )

Nearly insol m acetic acid (Doberuner )

Insol in all acids except cone HC1 and
aqua regia f Wohler, Z anorg 1904, 40
438)

-f H2O Ppt (Prost, Bull Soc (2) 44 256 )

Insol in 2N-H2S04 and dil HN03-fAq.
mod sol in cone HNO3, H2S04, 2N-HC1 and
NaOH-j-Aq (Wohler )

+2H2O Easily sol m dil acids, even
acetic acid, and m NaOH -f Aq (Topsoe )

Insol in acetic acid, si sol in 2N-H2S04
and HNO3, easily sol in HC1, and NaOH-f
Aq (Wohler )

Platinoplatuuc hydroxide, Pt304, 9H20
Ppt (Prost, Bull Soc (2) 46 156 )
PtsOn, 11H,0 Ppt (Prost)

Platinum hydroxylamine comps

See—

Plato^oxamme comps , Pt(NH30)4R2

Hatosoxamme comps , Pt(NH30)2R,2

Platosoxamine-anune comps ,
Pt(NH3O)3NH3R2

Platinous iodide, PtI2

Insol ui H20, acids, or alcohol (Lassaigne,
A ch (2) 51 113 )

Difficultly sol in Na2S08+Aq (Topsoe )

Gradually decomp by hot HI-j-Aq of 1 038
sp gr , also by hot KI+Aq. PtI4 being dis-
solved out and Pt left behind Not attacked
by cone H2S04, HC1, or HN03+Aq, but
gradually decomp by KOH or NaOH+Aq
(Lassaigne )

Insol m acetone (Eidmann, C C 1889,
II 1014)

Platmic iodide, PtI4

Insol mH20 Sol in NaOH or Na2C03+
Aq, H2S03, or Na2S03+Aq Sol m HIH-Aq
or alkali iodides 4- Aq Sol in alcohol, with
partial decomp Not attacked by acids
(Lassaigne, A ch (2) 51 122 )

Very sol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 828)

Sol in alcohol (Belluci, C C 1902, I
625)

Platmic iodide with MI
See lodoplatanate, M

Platinum nitride chlonde, PtNCl
See Platinum chloromtride

Platinous oxide, PtO

Sol in H2S03+Aq Insol m other acids
(Dfcberemer, Pogg 28 183 )

Sol in cone H2S04, easily in cone HC1+
Aq (Storer's Diet )

Very si sol m HCl+Aq SI sol m aqua
regia (Wohler, B 1903, 36 3482 )

Platmic oxide, Pt02

Insol in acids, even aqua regia (Wohler,
Dissert, 1901 )

Platinum inoxide, PtO.j

Unattacked by dil H2bO4, HNO3 or au tic
acid Sol with decomp m dil and cone HC1,
lone H2S04 or cone HN03 (Wohlcr, B
.909,42 3329)

Platinum i

Insol in dil sol in cone H2S04 SI sol m
hot dil HN03 Sol m HC1 Sol m cone
alkali hydroxides -hAq (Wohler, B 1909,42
3964)

PLATINUM TELLUEIDE

735

+2H20 Insol in HN03 and H2S04
Insol in alkalies + Aq, also cold dil HCl+Aq
Sol in aqua regia (Dudley, Am Ch J
1902, 28 66)

+5H20 (Delepine, Bull Soc 1910, (4)

Platuioplatinic oxide, Pt304

Not attacked by long boiling with HC1,
HN08, or aqua regia (Jorgensen, J pr (2)
16 344)

Does not exist (Wohler, Z anorg 1904.
40 450)

Platinum oxychlonde, 3PtO, PtCl2 (?)
Sol m HC1, and in KOH-f Aq (Kane,

Phil Trans 1842 298 )
PtCl2(OH)2 = H2PtCl202 (Jorgensen, J

pr (2) 16 345 )
5Pt02, 2HC1+9H20 Insol in cold H20,

decomp on boiling Slowly sol in HC1

(Blondel, A ch, 1905, (8) 6 100 )

Platinum oxysulphide, PtOS
See Platinum sulphydroxide

Platinum phosphide, PtP2

Insol m HCl-f-Aq Sol in aqua regia
(Schrotter, W A B 1849 303 )

PtP2H2 Insol in H2O, and HCl+Aq
(Cavazzi, Gazz ch it 13 324 )

PtP Insol in aqua legia (Clark and
Joslm )

Pt2P Sol m aqua regia (Clark and
Joslm )

Pt3?5 Partially sol in aqua regia (Clark
and Joslm, C N 48 B85 )

Attacked veiy slowly by aqua regia
Rapidly sol m molten alkalies (Gi anger,
C N 1898, 77 229 )

Completely &ol m aqua regia if the action
sufficiently prolonged, though with difficulty
(Granger, C R 1895, 123 1285 )

Platinum
As PtS2
(2) 899 )

fMmozzi, Chem Soc 1909. 96

Platinum /nselemde, PtS<<,

SI attacked by hot cone HN03, not at-
tacked by cold cone HCl+Aq, slowly sol
in aqua regia and Cl2-j-Aq, insol in CS2

Platinum silicide, Pt2Si

Sol in hot aqua icgii (Vigouroux, C R
1896, 123 117 )

Pt8Si2 ( Colson, C R 94 27 )

Pt*Si3 Slowly decomp by aqua regia
(Guyard, Bull Soc (2) 25 511 )

PtSi Insol in HN08, H2S04, HF, and HC1
Completely sol in aqua regia (Lebeau and
Novitzky, C R 1907, 145 241 )

Platinum sulphydroxide, PtOS+H20 =

PtS(OH)2

Decomp easily into —
Pt2S208H2=^|o^g=PtOS+JiH20 H20

cannot be removed without decomposing the
compound (v Meyer, J pr (2) 15 1 )

Plaunous sulphide, PtS

Not attacked by boiling acids, aqua regia,
or KOH+Aq (Bdttger, J pr 2 274 )

Sol in large excess of (NH4)2S+Aq

Platinoplatmic sulphide, Pt2S3

Not attacked by HC1 or HNOs+Aq, and
only slowly by aqua regia (Schneider, Pogg
138 607)

Platuuc sulphide, PtS2

Anhydrous Aqua regia attacks si , other
acids not at all (Davy )

Hydrated Insol in HCl+Aq, si sol m
boiling HN03+Aq Sol n aqua regia
(Fresemus ) Sol m alkali sulphides, hydrates
and carbonates +Aq (Berzehus ) very si
sol in (NH4)2S+Aq (Claus )

Insol m NH4C1, or NH4N03+Aq

1 pt PtCl4 in 100 pts H 0+25 pts HC1 is
notpptd byH2S (Reinsch )

Difficultly sol in alkali sulphydroxides+
Aq, but more easily in presence of SnS,
Sb2S3, As2S3, or SnS2 (Ribau, C R 85
283)

Platinum sulphide, PtsSe, or Tetrapla.tm.waa.

sulphoplatinate, 4PtS, PtS2
Decomp on moist air, but not attacked by
acids (Schneider, J pr (2) 7 214 )

Platinum sulphides with M2S
Sie Sulphoplatinate, M

Platinum sulphocarbide, PtC2S2

Not attacked by hot HC1, HN03+Aq,
slightly by aqua regia (Schutzenberger,
C R 111 391)

Platinum tellunde, Pt L o

Decomp by fused oxidizing agents, slowl>
sol m cone HNO3 (Roesslei, Z anorg
1897 15 407)

Platinum t/itellunde, Pt 1 c 2

Insol m boiling cone KOH+Aq, slowly
sol in boiling cone HN()a> decomp by fused
oxidizing agents (Roesslei )

Plato-
See also Platino-

736

PLATOAMIDOSULPHONIC ACID

Platoaimdosulphonic acid

Potassium platoamidostilphonate,

K2Pt(NH2SOs)4+2H20
Very si sol in cold H20, sol in 10 pts
boiling H2O (Ramberg and St Kahlen-
berg, B 1912,45

Sodium - , Na2(Pt(NH2S08)4+4E;2O

Very sol in H20 (Ramberg and St
Kohlenberg )

Plato^amine bromide, Pt[(NHs)2Br]2+

3H20
Easily sol inH20 (Cleve )

- carbonate, Pt(N2H6)2C03+H2O
Sol in H2O (Peyrone, A 61 14 )
Pt(N2H6CO8H)2 SI sol in, but decomp

by boiling with H20 into —

sesgmcarbonate

More sol than preceding salt
R 11 711 )

(Reiset, C

chloride, Pt[(NH8)2Cl]2+H20

"Reiset's first chloride" Sol in 4 pts
H2O at 16 5°, and m less hot H20 Insol in
alcohol or ether (Reiset, A ch (3) 11 419 )
As sol in NH4Cl+Aq as in H20, msol in
absolute alcohol, si sol in dil alcohol, very-
sol in dil HCl+Aq (Peyrone, A ch (3) 12
196)

cuprous chloride, Pt(NH3)4Cl2, Cu2Cl2

Sol in H2O. and pptd from H20 solution
by alcohol (Buckton )

cupnc chlonde, Pt(NH3)4Cl2, CuCl2

SI sol in cold, decomp by hot H20 into

Pt(NHs)4Cl2, Cu2Cl2 (Buckton, Chem Soc

5 218)

Nearly msol m H20, easily sol in warm

HCl+Aq, msol in alcohol (Millon and

Commaille, C R 57 822 )

Millon and Commaille's salt is

Cu(NH3)4Cl2, PtCl2, cuprammomum chloro-

platmite

lead chlonde, Pt(NH3)4Cl2, PbCl2

Sol in hot, much less m cold H20 Insol
in HCl+Aq or alcohol (Buckton, Chem
Soc 5 213 )

mercuric chlonde, Pt(NH3)4Cl2, HgCl2

Easily sol in hot H20, much less in cold
Insol in HCl+Aq (Buckton)

zinc chlonde, Pt(NH3)4Cl2, ZnCl2

Easily sol in hot H20 Insol in alcohol
(Buckton )

Platodttumne chloroplatinate, Pt(NHs)4Cl2,
PtCl4

Ppt Insol in H20 (Cossa, Gazz ch it
17 1)

chloroplatuute, Pt(NH3)4Cl2, PtCl2

(Magnus* green salt ) Insol in, and not de-
comp by HgO, HCl+Aq, or alcohol (Mag-
nus)

Slowly sol in boiling NH4OH+Aq and in
cone NH4 salts +Aq (Reiset, A ch (3) 11
427)

Almost as sol m (NH4)2C03+Aq as m
NH4OH+Aq Sol in hot PtCl4+Aq (Rei-
set)

Not decomp by boiling KOH, dil HC1, or
H2S04+Aq, but easily by HN08+Aq
(Gros, A 27 245 )

chromate, Pt(NH8)4CrO4

Scarcely sol in H20 (Cleve )

^chromate, Pt(NH3)4Cr207

SI sol m H20 Insol in alcohol Sol m
KOH+Aq (Buckton, Chem Soc 6 213 )

platinous cyanide, Pt(NH3)4(CN)2,

Pt(CN)2

SI sol in cold, easily in boiling H20, sol
m KOH, HC1, and dil H2SO,+Aq without
decomp , but cone H2S04 decomposes

potassium ferrocyamde,

Pt(NH3)4K2[Fe(CN)6]2+3H20

hydroxide, Pt[(NH3)2OH]2

"Reiset's first base" Easily sol m H20
SI sol m alcohol

iodide, Pt[(NH3)2I2]

SI sol in cold, more easily in hot H2O, but
slowly decomp on boiling (Reiset )

nitrate, Pt[(NH3)2N03]2

Sol m about 10 pts boiling H2O Insol or
but si sol m alcohol (Peyrone. A ch (3)
12 203)

nitrate sulphate, [Pt(NH3)4NO3]2S04,

Pt(NH3)4S04

Very easily sol in H2O (Garlgrcn, Sv V
A F 47 310)

nitrite, Pt[(NH3)2N02]2+2H>0

Efflorescent Very sol m hot or cold H/)
Insol in 90% alcohol (Lang )

platinous nitrite, Pt[(NH,,)2NO2]2,

Pt(N02)2

Scarcely sol m cold, somewhat more easily
m hot H2O Not attacked by cold dil acids
More sol m NH4OH+Aq than m H20
(Lang )

QU-LMT.CLai.IH

Platocfoamine phosphate, Pt(N2H6)2HPO4

+H20

Rather difficultly sol in cold, and very
easily in hot H20 (Cleve )

phosphate,

Pt[(N2H6)P04(NH4)2] , 4NH4H2P04+
H20

Very easily sol in H20 with decomp into —
Pt(N2H6H2P04)2, 2NH4H2P04+9H20
Much more sol m H20 than the preceding
comp (Cleve )

- sulphate,

Sol in 32 pts H2O at 16 5°, more easily
when heated (Reiset )

Sol in 50-60 pts boiling H20, less m cold
H20, insol in alcohol (Cleve )

- sulphate, acid, Pt[(NH8)2S04H]2+H2O
Decomp by H20 or alcohol into neutral

salt

3Pt(NH3)4S04, H2SO4+H20 Sol in H20
(Cleve )

- sulphite, Pt(NH3)4SO3

Nearly msol m cold H2O (Birnbaum, A
152 143)

Pt[(NH3)2S03H]2+2H2O Ppt Sol m
HCl+Aq (Cleve)

- platinous sulphite,

3Pt(NH3)4S03, PtS03+2H20
Scarcely sol m cold H2O, sol m 190 pts

H20 at 100° Easily sol m warm HCl+Aq

with decomp (Peyrone )

+4H2O (Carlgren, Sv V A F 47 308 )
2Pt(NH3)4S03, PtS03, H2S03 Insol m

cold H20 or alcohol Scarcelv sol m hot H2O

(Peyrone )

- sulphocyamde, Pt(NH3)4(CNS)2+H2O
Very sol in HjO Solution is decomp on

boiling (Cleve, Sv V A H 10, 9 7 )

- platinous sulphocyamde,

Pt(NH3)4(CNS)2, Pt(CNS),
Insol in H2O and alcohol, sol m dil HC1+
Aq (Buckton, Chem Soc 13 122 )

Pla.tomonodia.mine chloride,

Easily sol m H20 (Clcvc )

Platowonodiamine chloroplatinite

2pt(NH3) Cl ptci

2PtNH3Cl > PtUa

Moderately sol m cold, but more easily in
hot H20 (Cleve )

nitrate Pf(NH3)2N03 , R o

- nitrate, PtNH3NOa +H2O
Easily sol m H20 (Cleve )

sulphate,

Easily sol in cold, but much more m hot
H20

Plato semidiaxmne bromide, Pt<gr

Sol in H20 Easily sol in NH4OH+Aq
(Cleve )

;NH8)2C1

— chloride,

(Peyrone's chloride ) Sol in 387 pts H2O
at 0°, and 26 pts at 100° (Cleve), m 33 pts at
100° (Peyrone )

Sol mNH4OH+Aq,verysl sol m HC1 or
H2S04+Aq, more easily in HN03-f-Aq, sol
in alkali carbonates +Aq (Peyrone, A ch
(3) 12 193 )

Platosewucfoamine chlorosulphurous acid,
(NH3)2S03H

Easily sol in H20 (Cleve )

Ammonium platose?mf^amine chlorosulphite

platosem^amine sulphite,
p, (NH8)2S03NH4, pt . (NH3)2S08NH4 ,
Pfc<Cl Pt<S03NH4 +

2H2O

Easily sol in H20 Insol in alcohol
(Cleve )

Plato semidia.mme cyanide,

Pt(CN)(NH3)2CN
Easily sol In H20 (Cleve )J

- platinous cyanide, Pt(CN)(NH8)2CN,

Pt(CN)2(?)
Ppt

hydroxide,

Not known

SI sol m boiling H20 (Clove)

Modcritdy sol in H^O (Cleve)

Very si sol m cold, more easily m hot H2()

— oxalate, Pt(NHJ)2C2O4

(Cleve )

+2H20 (Cleve )

sulphate, Pt<(NH3)2>SOa

Very si sol even m hot H2O (Cleve )

738

PLATOAMINE SULPHOCYANIDE

Platoserawfoamine sulphocyamde,

Pt(SCN)(NH8)2SCN

Easily sol in wann H2O, but solution soon
decomposes

Platosemtdtamine sulphurous acid

Ammonium jplatosew^attune sulphite,

Very sol in H20 (Cleve)

Banum , Pfc(S08)[(NH8)2S08]Ba, BaSO8

Ppt (Cleve )

Silver -

Pt(S03Ag)[(NH8)2S03Ag],

Ag2S08
Ppt (Cleve)

Dtplatodiamine chlonde, Pt2(NH8)4Cl2
Insol mH2O

hydroxide, Pt2(NHs)4(OH)2+H2O

Insol in £[26

-nitrate, Pt2(NHs)4(NOs)2

Insol inH20 (Cleve)

sulphate, Pt2(NH8)4S04

Insol mH20 (Cleve)

Platobromomtrous acid

Potassium platobromomtnte, K2Pt(NO2)8Br
+2H20

Sol in about 3 pts cold, and 2 pts boding
H2O (Vezes, A ch (6) 29 194 )

K2Pt(N02)2Br2-f-H20 Sol in 1 pt cold,
and still less hot H2O Insol in alcohol
(VSzes )

Platochloromtrous acid

Potassium chloromtrite, K2Pt(NO2)3Cl +
2H20

Sol m about 3 pts cold, and 2 pts boiling
H2O (Vezes, A ch (6) 29 178 )

K2Pt(NO2)2Cl2 Sol in about 3 pts cold,
and 2 pts boiling H20 (Vezes )

Platochlorosulphurous acid

See Chloroplatosulphurous acid

Platoiodomtrous acid, H2Pt(N02)2I2

Known only in solution (Nilson, J pr (2)
21 172)

Aluminum platoiodomtnte, Al2[Pt(NO2)2I2]3
+27H20

Easily sol in H2O (Nilson )

Ammonium , (NH4)2Pt(N02)2I2-f2H20

Sol in H20, decomp on heating

Banum platoiodomtnte, BaPt(N02)2I2+

4H2O
Very sol in H20

Cadmium , CdPt(N02)2I2+2H20

Easily sol mH20

Caesium , Cs2Pt(N02)2I2+2H2O

Easily sol in H20

Calcium , CaPt(N02)2I2+6H20

Very easily sol inH20

Cenum , Ce2[Pt(NO2)2I2]5+18H20

Easily sol in H2O

Cobalt , CoPt(N02)2I2+8H20

Sol ui H2O

Didynuum , Di2[Pt(N02)2I2]3+24H2O

Sol in H2O

Erbium , Er2DPt(N02)2I2]8+18 H20

Sol in H2O

Ferrous , FePt(N02)2I2+8H20

Sol m H2O

Feme , Fe2[Pt(N02)2I2]8+6H20

Sol mH2O

Lanthanum , La2[Pt(N02)2I2l3+24H20

Sol mH2O

Lead , basic, PbPt(N02)2I2, Pb(OH)2

Insol m H20

Lithium , Li2Pt(NO2)2I2+6H20

Very sol in H20

Magnesium , MgPt(NO2)2I2-fSH2O

Sol m H2O

-, MnPt(N02)2I2+8H20

Sol in H20

Mercurous , basic, 2Hg2Pt(NO )212,

Hg20-h9H20
Insol m H2O

Nickel , NiPt(N02)2I2+8H2O

Sol mH2O

Potassium , K2Pt(NO2)2I2-f2H2O

Sol m H20 ip all proportions
Very sol in alcohol

Rubidium , Rb2Pt(NO2)2I2+2H2O

Sol mH20

PLATONITRITE, POTASSIUM

739

Silver platoiodomtnte, Ag2Pt(N02)2l2
Insol inH2O

Sodium , Na2Pt(N02)2l2+4H20

Very sol m H20

Strontium , SrPt(N02)2I2+8H2O

Sol in H2O

Thallium , Tl2Pt(N02)2I2

Insol in H20

Yttnum , Y2[Pt(N02)2I2]3-f27H20

So] mH20

Zinc , ZnPt(N02)2I2+8H20

Sol in H20

!Fnplato0c£onitrosylic acid, H4Pt3O(NO2)8
(Nilson, J pr (2) 16 241 )

Potassium rfnplatoocfomtrosylate
See under Platomtnte, potassium

Platomtrous acid, H2Pt(N02)4

Sol m H20 or alcohol (Lang J pr 83
419)

Is called "Platoteiramtrosyhc acid ' by
ISlilson

Aluminum platomtrite, Al2[Pt(N02)4]3+
14H20

Sol m H20

Al2(OH)2[Pt(N02)2]402+10H20 SI sol
m cold, easily in hot H2O and alcohol (Nil-
son, B 9 1727 )

Ammonium platomtrite, (NH4)2Pt(N02)4-(-

2H20

Moderately sol in cold H2O (Nilson, B
9 1724)

Barium platomtrite, BaPt(NO2)4+3H2O

SI sol m cold, very sol in hot H2O
(Lang )

Cadmium platomtrite, CdPt(NO2)4+3H O
Easily sol m H20 (Nilson )

Caesium platomtrite, Cs2Pt(NO2)4
Resemblcb K salt

Calcium platomtrite, CaPt(N()2)4+5H O
Very sol in H2O (Nilbon )

Cerium platomtrite, Ce [Pt(NO2)4]3 + 18H20
Sol m H2O (Nilson )

Chiomium cfoplatonitnte,

Cr2(OH)2[Pt(N02)2]402+24H20
Sol inHjO (Nilson)

Cobalt platomtnte, CoPt(N02)4+8H20
Easily sol m H20 (Nilson )

Copper platomtnte, CuPt(N02)4+-3H20

Sol mH20 (Nilson)

3CuPt(N02)4, CuO+18H20 Decomp by
H20 (Nilson )

Didymium platomtnte, Di2[Pt(N02)4]3+

18H20
Deliquescent, sol m H20

Erbium platomtnte, Er2[Pt(N02)4]3+9, and

21H20
Deliquescent, sol in H20

Glucinum ^platomtnte, GlrPt(N02)2]2O+

9H20
SI sol in cold H20

Indium ^platomtnte, In(OH)2[Pt(N02)2]402

+10H20
SI sol mH20

Feme diplatomtnte, Fe2[Pt(N02)2]608+

30H2O
SI sol m cold, easily m hot H20

Lanthanum platomtnte, La2[Pt(N02)4]3+

18H20
Deliquescent, sol in H 0

Lead platomtnte, PbPt(N02)4+3H20
SI sol mH20 (Nilson)

Lithium platomtnte, Li2Pt(N02)4+3H20

SI deliquescent, easily sol m H20

Magnesium platomtnte, MgPt(N02)4-|-5H 0
Easily sol in H2O

Manganese platomtnte, MnPt(N02)4 +

SH20
Sol m H20

Mercurous platomtnte, Hg Pt(N()2)4, Hg 0
N( irlvmsol m H20 (Lang, I pi 83 415)
+H20 Nearly nibol m H O (Nikon )

Nickel platomtrite, NiPt(NO2)4+SH O
Eisilysol m PI2O (Nilbon )

Potassium platomtnte, ls.2Pt(N()2)4

Sol m 27 pts H20 at 15°, more easily sol

mwarmH20 (Lang, J pr 83 415)
+2H2O Efflorescent (1 dng )
K2H4Pt30(NO2)6+3H2O Very bl bol in

cold (0 01 mol in 1 1 at 16°), but very easily

in hot H20 (VSzes, A ch (6) 29 162 )
K4Pt30(N02)8+2H20 bl sol m waim

H2O (Nilson )

740

PLATONITRITE, POTASSIUM, BROMIDE

Potassium platomtrite bromide

See Platibromomtnte and platobromom-
trite, potassium

Potassium platomtnte chloride

See Plati- and platochloromtnte, potassium

Potassium plat nitrite hydrogen chloride,

K2Pt(N02)4, HC1

Sol in H2O (Miolati, Att Luic Rend
1896, (5) 5, II 358 )

Potassium platomtnte iodide

See Plati- and platoiodomtnte, potassium

potassium platomtnte nitrogen dwmde,

KzPtCNO*)*, 2NO2

Violently decomp by H2O (Miolati,
Atti Line Rend 1896, (5) 5, II, 356 )

Rubidium platomtnte, Rb2(Pt)(N02)4, and

+2H2O

Very slowly sol in cold, more easily in
warm H2O (Nilson )

Silver platomtnte, Ag2Pt(N02)4

Very si sol in cold, easily in hot H20

Silver ^platomtnte, Ag2Pt2(NO2)40
Insol mH20 (Nilson)

Sodium platomtnte, Na2Pt(N02)4
Easily sol mH20

Strontium platomtnte, SrPt(N02)4-f-3H2O

Somewhat si sol in cold H2O, but easily
sol in warm H20

Thallium platomtnte, Tl2Pt(NO2)4
Very si sol in H20 (Nilson )

Yttrium platomtnte, Y2[Pt(NO2)J3-j-9, or

21H2O
Sol in H20

Zinc platomtnte, ZnPt(N02)4+8H20
Sol in H2O

Platodioxamine chloride,

Pt(NH30 NH3OC1)2

Easily sol in H2O (Alexander, A 246
239)

chloroplatinite, Pfc(NH80 NH3OC1)2,

PtCl2

Sol in warm HCl-j-Aq Insol in cold H^O
or alcohol, very si sol in hot H20 (Alex-
ander)

hydroxide, Pt(NH3O NH3O)2(OH)2

Insol in E20 or alcohol Easily sol in HC1
or HNO8+Aq Difficultly sol in hot dil
H2SO4+Aq (Alexander )

Platafooxanune oxalate,

Pt(NH30 NH30)2C204
Insol m cold H20, alcohol, or organic acids
(Alexander )

— phosphate, Pts(NH30 NH3O)12(P04)o+

3H20
Ppt (Alexander )

sulphate, Pt(NH30 NH30)S04+H2O

SI sol mH2O (Alexander,)

Platosamine bromide, Pt(NH3Br)2
SI sol even in hot H2O (Cleve)

• chloride, Pt(NH3Cl)2

" Reiset's second chloride " Sol in 1 40 pts
H20 at 100° (Peyrone, A 61 ISO )

Sol in 130 pts H20 at 100°, and 4472 pts
at 0° (Cleve )

Easily sol m NH4OH+Aq, HN03, or aqua
regia, with decomp Sol m KCJN -j-Aq with
evolution of NH3 (Cleve )

- • ammonium chloride, Pt(NH3Cl)2,

2NH4C1

SI sol in cold, easily in hot H20, msol in
alcohol, sol in NH4OH or (NH4)2C03+Aq
(Grimm, A 99 75 )

Platosamine chlorosulphurous acid,
.NH3Cl

Easily sol in H20 without decomp
(Cleve )

Ammonium platosanune chloro sulphite,

Pt(NH3Cl)NH3S03NH4+H20
Sol m H20 (Peyrone, A 61 180 )

Platosamine cyanide, Pt(NH3CN)2

Quite easily sol m H20 or NH4OH+Aq
(Buckton )

-hydroxide, Pt(NH3OH)2

"Reiset's second base " Very sol m H 0
(Odlmg, B 3 685 )

iodide, Pt(NH3I)2

Very si sol m H2O Sol m cold NH<OH -f
Aq to form platodiamme iodide (Ck vc )

-nitrate, Pt(NH3N03)2

Moderately sol m hot H20 Sol in
NH4OH+Aq with combination (Reiset, A
ch (3) 11 26 )

nitrite, Pt(NH3NO2)2

Very si sol in cold, easily in hot H2O
Insol m alcohol (Lang )

PLATOSULPHITE, POTASSIUM

741

Platosamine platinous nitrite, Pt(NH3N02)2.
Pt(N02)2

Slowly and si sol in cold, more easilv sol m
hot H20

Extremely si sol even in cone acids, more
sol in NH4OH+Aq than in K20 (Lang )

oxide, Pt(NH3)2O

Insol in H2O or NH4OH-|-Aq (Reiset)

oxalate, Pt(NH3)2H2(C204)2+2H20

Ppt (Cleve )

sulphate, Pt(NH3)2S04+H2O

SI sol in cold, moi e easily in hot H20

sulphite, Pt(NH3)2S03+H20

Easily sol m H20 (Cleve )

sulphocyamde, Pt(NH8SCN)2

Insol in H20, can be cryst from alcohol,
not attacked by HC1 or HuS04+Aq (Buck-
ton)
Very sol in hot H20 (Cleve )

silver sulphocyamde,

Pt(NH3)2Ag4(SCN)0
(Cleve )

Platosamine sulphurous acid,

Pt(NH3S03H)2
Exists only in its salts
See Platosamine sulphite

Ammonium platosamine sulphite,

Pt(NH3S03NH4)2
Sol m H2O Insol m alcohol

Barium platosamine sulphite,

Pt(NH3) (S03)2Ba+3H20
Ppt (Cleve )

Cobalt , Pt(NHj)2(SO3)2CO +

bH20
Very hi bol in H2O Sol m HCl+Ao

Copper

5HO
Verysl sol m H (), sol m HCl+Aq

Lead-

Ppt

Manganese —

+4H20
Ppt SI sol mH20

-, Pt(NH3)2(S()a)2Pb+H2()
- , Pt(NHVSOj),M

SI sol m H20

, Pt(NH3)2(S03)2Ni+7H20

Sodium platosamine sulphite,

Pt(NH3S03Na)2+5HH20
Sol in H20 100 ccm safc solution at 20°
contains 5 52 g cryst salt (Haberland and
Hanekop, A 245 235 )

Silver
Ppt

-, Pt(NH8S03Ag)2+H20

Uranyl -- , Pt(NH3)2(SO3)2U02+H20
Ppt

Zinc -- , Pt(NH8)2(S03)2Zn+6H20
Ppt Very si sol in H20 (Cleve )

Platososemtamine potassium chloride,

Very sol m H20, insol in alcohol (Cossa,
B 23 2507)

Platosoxamine chlonde,

Sol in H20 Much less sol in H20 than
platocfooxamine chloride (Alexander. A
246 239)

Platosoxamine amine chlonde,

r,, NHSO NH3C1

PtNH3 NH3OC1

Easily sol in H2O Insol m alcohol and
cone HCl+Aq (Alexander, A 246 239 )

— chloroplatimte, Pfc
Ppt
Platosulphurous acid

Ammonium platosulphite, (N"H4)0Pt(S03)4 +

3H20

Sol mH2O (Birnbaum A 139 170)
(NH4)2Pt(S002 + H O Sol in H2O (I le-
g, Pogg 17 10S )

Ammonium platosulphite chloride,
(NH4)2Pt(SO3)2, 2NH4C1

Sol in H2O (Birnbaum )

PtClSO3H, 2NH4C1 D( liquescent, sol in
H2O (Birnbaum, A 152 143)

bee albo Chloroplatosulphite, ammonium

Potassium platosulphite, IvPt(SOd)4+4H2()
SI sol in cold, easily in hot H2O Much

moic b )1 than the Na silt (Birnbaum, A

139 168)

+3H20 dang, J pr 83 415)

6K20, 2PtO, 10S02 SI sol m H20

(Claus, J B 1847-48 453 )
Does not exist (Lang )
K2Pt(S03)2 Sol m H20

742

PLATOSULPHITE, SILVER

Silver ptetosulplute> Ag6Pt(S08)4

Ppt Very sol in cold NH4OH-fAq
(Lang J, pr 83 415 )

Sodium platosulphite, Na«Pt(SOs)4

Very si sol in cold, somewhat more easily
in hot H20 Not decomp by boiling KOH or
NaOH+Aq GraduaUy sol in (NH4)2S 01
K2S-|-Aq Insol in NaCl+Aq or alcohol
(Litton and Schnedexmann, A 42 316 )

+7H2O

Na2Pt(S03H)4 Moderately sol in H2O
(Litton and Schnedermann )

Platothiosulphunc acid

Sodium platothiosulphate, Na6Pt(S203)4+
10H20

Very sol in H20 (Schottlander, A 140
200)

PtS203, 4Na2S208+10H20

PtS208, 6Na2S203+19H20

2Pt2$2O3, 7Na2S203-fl8H2O (Jochum,
C C 1886 642)

Plumbic acid

Barium plumbate, Ba2Pb04

Insol m H20 Sol in HCl-fAq with
evolution of Cl Sol in acids in presence of a
reducing substance (Kassner, Arch Pharm
228 109)

Calcium plumbate

Insol in H20 HNOa-f-Aq dissolves out
CaO (Crurn A 56 218)

Ca2Pb04 Properties as BajPb04 (Kass-
ner, Arch Pharm 228 109 )

-f4H20 Easily decomp by HNO,
(Kassner, Arch Pharm 1894, 232 378 )

Calcium hydrogen plumbate, H CaPb/}fi

Fairly stable, slowly sol in HNO3 in the
cold (Runner )

Calcium lead or//ioplumbate, C aPbPbO4

Insol in K20 bol in 1IC1 HNOa, icctic
and other acids cause i separation of PbO2
(Kafcsnci, \rch Pharm 1903,241 147)

Copper wetaplumbate, CuPbO3

Decomp byacidb In&ol m NH4OH + \q
Acetic acid dissolves Cu (Hoehml, Aioh
Pharm 1896,234 399)

Lead metaplumbate, PbPbO*

Identical \\ith lead sesquioxide (Hoehnel,
Arch Pharm 1896, 234 399 )

Manganese jnetoplumbate

Decomp by acids (Hoehnel, Arch Phaim
1896, 234 399 )

Potassium plumbate, K2PbO3+3H20

Very deliquescent Decomp by pure E20
into PbO2 and KOH Sol in KOH + Aq mfa
out decomp (Fremy, J Pharm (3) 3 32 )

Silver me^aplumbate, Ag2PbOs

Ppt (Grutzner, Arch Pharm 1895, 233
518)

Sodium plumbate

Sol in H20 with decomposition SI sol in
alkalies +Aq (Fremy, A ch (3) 12 490)

Sodium raetaplumbate, Na2Pb08-|-4H20

Decomp byH2O,msol m alcohol (Hoeh-
nel, Arch Pharm 1894, 232 224 )

Strontium plumbate, Sr2Pb04

Properties as Ba2PbO4 (Kassner, Arch
Pharm 228 109)

Zinc wetaplumbate, ZnPbO3+2H20

Decomp by dil acids, insol m H20
(Hoehnel, Arch Pharm 1896, 234 398 )

Plumbous acid

Calcium plumbite

SI sol in H20 (R irsten, fecher J 5 575 )

Potassium plumbite, PbO, xK^Q
Known only in solution

S Iver plumbite, \g PbO

Insol in H20, NH4OH+Aq and KOH+
Aq; sol in HN"03 and acetic acid, and in cone
HabO4, HI, indHI (Hullnhcimcr, B 1898,
31 12SH)

-f-2H2O Insol in II () I)(comp on aar
(Rntwig, B 15 2f>4 )

Sodium plumbite

Known onl\ in solution

Potassium, l\2

Violently (l((ompos<s II <) 01 ilrohol
Insol m h\dnx uhons Sol with violent
ution in K ids

Solubility in fused KOJI at t°

t

( l\ sol in 100 ^ fume! KOH

480
600
650
700

7 8-8 9
i -4
2-27
0 5-1 3

(Hevesy, L Jklcktrochun 1909,16 534)

Sol in liquid NH3 (feccly, C N 23 169),
(Franklin, Am Ch I 1898, 20 829 )
1 gram atom of R dissolves m 4 74 mol

POTASSIUM ARSENIDE, AMMONIA

743

liquid NHS at 0°, in 4 79 mol at —50°, in
4 82 mol at —100° (Ruff, B 1906, 39 839 )

Insol in liquid C0« (Buchner, Z phys
Ch 1906, 54 674 )

Slowly sol in ethylene diamine Insol in
ethyl amine and in secondary and tertiary
amines (Kraus, J Am Chem Soc 1907,
29 1561)

Potassium acetyhde, K2Co

(Moissan, C R 1898, 127 917 )

Potassium acetyhde acetylene, K2C2, C2H2
(Moissan, C R 1898, 127 915 )

Potassium amalgams

Hg4K, Hg6K, HgK, Hg10K, Hg12K and
Hg]8K (Guntz, C R 1900, 131 183 )

Hgi4K Stable up to 0° Can be cryst
from Hg without decomp below 0°

Hgi2K Stable from 0° to 71° or 73° Can
be cryst from Hg without decomp at any
temp between these limits

Hg10K Stable from 71° or 73-75° Can
be cryst from Hg without decomp at any
temp between these limits (Kerp, Z anorg
1900,25 68)

Potassium amide, KH2N

Decomp by water or alcohol Insol in
hydrocarbons

Potassium ammomckelate, Ni2N3K6, 6NH3

Decomp by H20 SI sol m liquid NH8
(Bohart, J phys Chem 1915, 19 559 )

Potassium ammonoargentate, AgNHK, NH3

or AgNH2, KNH2
Ppt , decomp in the air Decomp by H2O
or by liquid NH3 solutions of acids (Frank-
lin, J Am Chem Soc 1915, 37 855 )

Potassium ammonobarate, BaNK, 2NH3

Hydrolyzed by H20 Insol in liquid NH3
Decomp and dissolved in a solution of
NH4NO3 m liquid NHS (Franklin, J Am
Chem Soc 1915, 37 2297 )

Potassium ammonocadmiate, Cd(NHK)2,

2NH3

Ppt (Pranklin, Am Ch J 1912,47 310)
Cd(NHK)2, 2NH3 Decomp by H2O

Insol m liquid NH3 (Bohart, J phys Chem

1915, 19 542 )

Potassium ammonocalciate, CaNK, 2NH3

Hydrolyzed by H2O Readily sol in a
solution of NH4N03 m liquid NH8 (Frank-
lin, J Am Chem Soc 1915, 37 2300 )

Potassium ammonocupnte, CuNK2, 3NH3
Very sol in hqUid NH3
CuNK2, 2NH3

CuNK2. NH8 (Franklin, J Am Chem
Soc 1912,34 1503)

CuNK2, 2HNH8 Ppt (Franklm, Am
!h J 1912,47 311)

Potassium ammanomagnesate, Mg(NHK)2

2NH3

SI sol m hquid NH8 Rapidly hydrolyzed
by H20 (Franklin, J Am Chem Soc 1913,
35 1463)

Potassium ammonoplumbite, PbNK,

Completely hydrolyzed by action of water
vapor Violently decomp by H20 or dil
acids Sol in liquid NH8 (Franklin, J
phys Chem 1911, 15 519 )

Potassium ammonostannate, Sn(NK)2, 4NH8
Decomp by H20 Readily sol in HC1+
Aq SI sol in liquid NH3 Readily sol in a
solution of NHJ in liquid NH3 (Fitzgerald,
J Am Chem Soc 1907, 29 1696 )

Potassium ammonostrontiate, SrNK, 2NH3

Hydrolyzed vigorously by H20 Sol in
solutions of NH4N03 in liquid NH3 Insol
in liquid NH3 (Frankhn, J Am Chem Soc
1915, 37 2299 )

Potassium ammonothallate, T1NK2, 4NH3

Sensitive to action of air or moisture Vio-
lently decomp by H20 or dil acids Mod-
erately sol m liquid NH8 at 20°, more sol
at higher temp and much less sol at lower
temp Decomp by liquid NH3 solutions of
acids (Franklm, J phys Chem 1912, 16
689)

Potassium ammonotitanate, (N) TiNHK

Vigorouslv hydrolyzed by H20 Insol m
liquid NH3 solutions of either potassium
amide or NH4Br (Franklin, J Am Chem
Soc 1912,34 1500)

Potassium ammonozincate, Zn(NHK)2,
2NH3

Decomp by water SI sol in liquid NH8
(Fitzgerald, T Am Chem Soc 1907, 29 663 )

Decomp by H20 Sol in dilute acids
SI sol in liquid NH8 Sol m solutions of
ammonium salts in liquid NH8 (Franklm,
Z anorg 1907, 55 195 )

Potassium arsenide, K3As

(Hugot, C R 1899, 129 604 )
K2As4 (Hugot )

Potassium arsenide, ammonia, AsK3, NH3
Nearly msol m liquid NH8 (Hugot )
K2As4, NH3 (Hugot )

POTASSIUM AZOIMIDE

-assium azoimide, K
Stable in aq solutior
t6 5 pts are sol in .
189 " " " " '
t9 6 " " " " :

N8

L

LOO pts H20 at 10 5°
LOO " H20 " 15 5
LOO " H20 " 17
LOO " abs alcohol at

(Curtms, J pr 1898,

Br
100 pts H2O at t°

415+01378t from 30° to 120° (fitard,
C R 98 1432 )

Solubility of KBr in 100 g H2O at t°

375 " " " " ]

nsol in pure ether
58 280)

tassmm bromide, K
Solubility of KBr in

t°

G KBr

t°

G KBr

10 5
10
3 5
0
-5
-8

Ue

62 1
60 7
55 5
52 6
50 1
47 5
45 3

-11
-10 5
-10
- 8 5
- 8
- 6 5

44 9
41 S
39 r
35 7
31 2
25 O

t°

Pts KBr

t°

Pts KBr

0

0
20
40

53 48
64 52
74 63

60
80
100

85 35
93 46
102 0

(Meusser, Z anorg 1905, 44 80 )

6874 g KBr are sol in 100 g H2O at 25°
(Amadori and Pampamni. Rend Ac Line
1911, V, 20 473)

Sp gr of KBr+Aq at 19°

(Kremers, Pogg 97 151 )
Solubility of KBr in 100 pts H20 at t°

t°

Pts KBr

t°

Pts KBr

%KBr

Sp gr

%KBr

Sp «r

13 4
6 2
0
-3 4
5 2
12 65
13 0
13 3
18 3
26 05
30 0
37 9

46 17
49 57
53 32
55 60
56 63
61 03
61 17
61 45
64 11
68 31
70 35
74 46

43 15
45 45
50 5
54 8
60 15
66 75
71 45
74 85
86 5
97 9
110 0

77 0
77 73
80 33
82 78
85 37
88 22
90 69
92 25
97 28
102 9
110 3

5
10
15
20
25

1 037
1 075
1 116
1 159
1 207

30
35
40

45

1 256
1 309
1 366
1 432

(Gerlach, Z anal 8 285 )

Sp gr of KBr+Aq at 15° containing
5 10 20 30 36% KBr
1 0357 1 074 1 1583 1 2553 1 3198
(Koblrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

Sp gr of KBr+Aq at t°

Solubility is represented by a straight line
the formula 5443+05128t (Coppet, A
(5) 30 416 )
100 pts KBr+Aq sat at 15-16° contain
06 pts KBi (v Hauer, J pr 98 137 )

lubihty of KBr in 100 pts H2O at high
temp

G KBrdis
solved in 100 g
H20

G KBr in 100

g of the
solution

t°

Sp gr

4 166
11 111
25 000
42 867

4
10
20
30

14 5
15 7
16 5
16 0

3 O291
1 0753
1 1625
1 25SO

t°

Pts KBr

140
181

120 9
145 6

Cde Lannoy, Z phys Ch

1895, 18 46O )

r\m TS"B— u« —

ilden and Shenstone, Phil Trans 1884 23 )
Sat solution boils at 112° (Kremers)
Sat KBr+Aq contains at

• 20°/20° = 1 0521 (Le Blanc and Rohland,
phys Ch 1896, 19 278 )

Sp gr of KBr+Aq at 20 5°

12° —10°
10 315

+3° 32° 39°

35 7 41 6 47 7% KBr,

5° 77° 140° 173° 220°

55 487 541 585 61 6% KBr
(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 539 )

If solubility S=pts KBr in 100 pts solu-
m, S = 345+02420t from 0° to 40°, S»

Normality of
KBr+Aq

G KBnnlOOg
of solution

Sp gr t°/4°

4 29

3 01
2 00
1 00

37 97
28 83
20 49
11 03

1 3449
1 2407
1 1629
1 0815

(Oppenheimer, Z phys Ch 1898, 27 452 )

POTASSIUM BROMIDE

745

Solubility of KBr+JSTH^Br at 25°

Solubility of KBr-j-KCl in H2O at t°

%KBr

% NHUBr

Sp gr

t°

Sat solution contains

55 81

*

0 0

1 3756

%KC1

% KBr

% total salt

55 42
53 65
51 68
44 12
34 73
26 23
26 03
23 22
22 23
17 99

0 64
2 46
5 13
15 29
26 22
34 76
38 14
41 78
43 25
48 08

1 3745
1 3733
1 3721
1 3711
1 3715
1 3753
1 3753
1 3766
1 3777
1 3766

-14
-13 7
-13 5
-7
+5 2
+6
10
21
26
30

10 7

10 7

11 3
11 0
10 8
11 2

18 8

19 8

22 6
23 7

25 5

29 5
29 4
29 5
30 5
34 4
33 9
34 7
35 3
36 7

OQ A

0 0

57

73

1 3763

32

11 9

26 6

38 5

39

39 8

(Fock, Z Kryst Mm 1897, 28 357)

47

11 0

30 8

41 8

52

11 0

31 2

42 2

55

11 9

29 9

41 8

Solubility in

KNOs+Aq

71
73

12 0
11 8

31 7
32 9

43 7
44 7

1

litre of the solution contains

102
152

12 8
13 2

35 8
40 6

48 6
53 8

at 14 5°

at 25 2°

160

12 5

42 3

54 8

ifi&

ec A

Mol KN03

Mol KBr

Mol KN08

Mol KBr

22$

14 7

45 0

59 7

0 0

4 332

0 0

4 761

(fitard, A oh 1894, (7) 3 281 )

0 362

4 156

0 131

4 72

0 706
1 235

4 093
3 939

0 527
0 721

4 61
4 54

Solubility of KBr+KCl in H20 at 25°

1 090

11 TA

4 475

4 A A

G per 100 g H20

17U
1 504

44
4 375

KBr

KCl

(Touren, C R

1900, 130

911)

68 47
62 26

0 0
5 43

See also under KNOa

58 50

8 46

52 45

12 48

45 42

17 17

100 pts RBr+KCl+Aqsat at 15-16° con-
tain 37 55 pts of the two salts, 10 0 pts

38 70
26 62
12 94

21 23
25 88
31 02

KBr + KI-fAq bat at 15-16° contain 5796

0 0

36 12

pts of the

two salts,

100 pts KBr+KCl-f

Kl+Aq sit at lr>-!6° contain 5788 pts of
thethm silts (v Hauoi, J pr 98 137

(Amadon and Pampamm, Att Ace Line
1911,20,11 475)

Solubility m KCl-f-4q at 25 2°

Solubility ot Kl5r+KUl m JnW at 25

1 litre of the solution contains

'/ KHr

% K< 1

Sp gr

Mol KCl

Mol KBr

55 81

0 00

1 3756

0 0

4 761

53 15

2 34

1 3700

0 67

4 22

50 36

4 06

1 3648

0 81

4 15

45 46

8 26

1 3544

1 35

3 70

37 96

13 66

1 3320

1 48

3 54

32 48

16 69

1 3119

1 61

3 42

21 80

21 39

1 2689

1 70

3 34

14 07

25 09

1 2455

2 46

2 50

4 75
Of\f\

29 17

O1 1 Q

1 1977

1 1 TKft

3 775

0 525

00

ol lo

1 l/oo

(Touren, C R 1900, 130 1252 )

(Fock, Z Kryst Mm 1897, 28 357)

See alw under KCl

746

POTASSIUM BROMIDE

By repeatedly heating KBr-f Aq sat at 15-
16° with KI and cooling to 15°, nearly all the
KBr can be separated (v Hauer )

100 pts H2O sat with KBr at 16° dissolve
13 15 pts KI, but on addition of more KI
KBr is pptd (van Melckebeke, C C 1872
586)

Solubility in KI+Aq at t°

t°

Sat solution contains

%KBr

%KI

% total salt

-22

8 3

42 6

50 9

-19

9 5

42 8

52 3

-6

9 3

44 7

54 0

-1 5

55 3

+3

10 3

45 9

56 2

13 6

10 1

46 2

55 9

25

10 8

48 0

58 8

44 2

11 1

50 1

61 2

51

12 1

50 0

62 1

66

10 8

53 1

63 9

70

11 6

51 9

63 5

80

12 3

52 5

64 8

93

13 0

53 7

66 7

116

13 2

54 6

67 8

125

13 7

54 8

68 5

150

15 1

55 1

70 2

175

16 0

57 2

73 2

72 7

16 7

56 5

73 2

17 6

57 0

74 6

(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 3 279 )
Solubility of KBr+KI in H2O at 25°

G per 100 g H2O

KBr

KCl

53 21

35 92

42 32

66 63

34 14

95 36

30 08

119 59

29 62

119

22 15

127 10

21 88

127 31

18 54

130 61

0 0

149 26

(Amadori and Pampamni, Att Ace Line
1911, 20, II 475 )

Solubility of KBr in KOH+Aq

G per 1000 g H20

G per 1000 g H2O

KOH

KBr

KOH

KBr

36 4
113 5
177 2
231 1

558 4
433 6
358 1
281 2

277 6
434 7
579 6
806 9

248 1

137 1
64 8
33 4

(Ditte, C R 1897, 124 30 )

Sol in Br2 at 15° (Walden, Z anorg 1900,
26 220)

Moderatelv sol in liquid NH8 (Franklin,
Am Ch J 1898, 20 829 )

Sol in liquid NH8 45 pts are sol in 100
pts liquid NH3 at —50° (Joanms, C R
1905, 140 1244 )

Attacked bv liquid N02 with liberation of
Br2 (Frankland, Chem Soc 1901, 79
1361)

Insol in liquid C02 (Buchner, Z phys
Ch 1906, 54 674 )

Sol in S08 (Walden, Z anorg 1900, 26
217)

Sol in S02C1(OH) (Walden, Z anorg

1902.29 382)

Difficultly sol in AsBrs (Walden, Z
anorg 1902,29 374)

Sol in SbCls (Walden, Z anorg 1900, 26
220)

Sol in liquid S02 (Walden, Z anorg

1902.30 160)

Hydrazme dissolves 56 4 pts KBr at 12 5-
13° (de Bruyn, R t c 1899, 18 297 )

SI sol in alcohol (Ballard )

Sol in 200 pts cold, and 16 pts boiling
80% alcohol

Sol in 180 pts 90% alcohol (Eager )

Sol m 750 pts abs alcohol at 15° (Eder,
Dmgl 221 89)

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
1 51 pts at 25°, 100 pts absolute ethyl al-
cohol dissolve 0 13 pt at 25° (de Bruyn, Z
phys Ch 10 783)

Solubility of KBr in methyl alcohol -f-Aq at
25°

P= % by wt of alcohol m alcohol +Aq
S=Sp gr of alcohol +Aq sat with KBr
L=milhmols KBr in 100 ccm of the solu-
tion

P

S 25°/4

L

0

1 3797

471

10 6

1 300

389

30 S

1 159

252

47 1

1 058

162

64 0

0 9801

87

78 1

0 8906

44

98 9

0 8411

23

100

0 8047

14 2

(Herz and Anders, Z anorg 1907, 55 273 )

100 g KBr+CH3OH contain 0 2 g KBr
at the critical temp (Centnerszwer, Z phys
Ch 1910, 72 437 )

POTASSIUM SELENIUM BROMIDE

747

Solubility of KBr in ethyl alcohol+Aq

Solubility of KBr in acetone+ iq at 25°

Temp *30°

Temp =40°

A — cc acetone in 100 cc acetone +Aq
KBr=miUimols KBr in 100 cc of the

wt %

alcohol

G KBr per 100 g

G KBr per 100 g

solution

Solution

Solvent

Solution

Solvent

A

KBr

Sp gr

0

41 62

71 30

43 40

76 65

0

481 3

1 3793

5

38 98

67 25

40 85

72 70

20

366 7

1 2688

10

36 33

63 40

38 37

69 00

30

310 5

1 2118

20

31 09

56 40

33 27

62 30

40

259 0

1 1558

30

25 98

50 15

28 32

56 45

50

202 9

1 0918

40

21 24

44 95

23 22

50 46

60

144 9

1 0275

50

16 27

38 85

18 11

44 25

70

95 3

0 9591

60

11 50

32 50

13 02

37 40

80

46 5

0 89415

70

6 90

24 70

7 98

28 90

90

10 1

0 8340

80

3 09

15 95

3 65

18 95

90

0 87

8 80

1 03

10 45

(Herz and Knoch, Z anorg 1905, 45 262 )

(Taylor, J phys Ch 1896, 1 724 )

At room temp , 1 pt KBr by weight is sol

in

Solubility of KBr in glycerine +Aq at 25°

G=g glycerine in 100 g glycerine +Aq
KBr=milhmols KBr in 100 cc of the solu-

52 pts methyl alcohol, D15 0 7990
350 " ethyl " Dlfi 08100
1818 " propyl " D1B 08160

(Rohland, Z anorg 1898, 18 325 )
Solubility of KBr m ethyl alcohol at 0°

tion

G

KBr

Sp gr

0

13 28
25 98
45 36
54 23
83 84
100

481 3
444 3
404 0
340 5
310 4
219 25
172 65

1 3793
1 3704
1 3655
1 3594
1 3580
1 3603
1 3691

Cone of alcohol
in mol g per 1
H2O

G KBr in
1 1 HaO

Mol solubility

1
2

536 75
529 25
502 85
491 75
455 25

4 51
4 45
4 22
4 13
3 82

(Herz and Knoch, Z anorg 1905, 46 267 )

100 g 95% formic acid dissolve 23^2 g
KBr at 18 5° (Aschan, Chem Ztg 1913, 37

(Armstrong and Kyre, Proc R Soc 1910,

[A] 84 127)

100 g methyl ilcohol dissolve 2 17 g KBi
at 25°

100 g othyl ilcohol dissolve 0 142 g KBi
at 25°

100 g piopyl ik ohol dissolve 0 035 g KBr
at 25°

100 g isoamyl ilcohol dissolve 0 0(H g KBr
at 25°

(Turner and Bissett, Chem Soc 1913, 103
1909)

0 055 g is sol in 100 g propyl il( ohol
(Schlamp, Z phys Ch 1X94, 14 27() )

Sol m 5000 pts ether (sp gr 0 729 at 15° )
(Eder, I c )

Sol in 1700 pts alcohol-ether (1 1) at 15°
(Eder, I c )

100 pts acetone dissolve 0 023 pt KBr at
25° (KrugandM'Elroy,J Anal Ch 6 184)

1117)

Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1904, 37 3601 )

Insol in bonzomtnle (Naumann, B
1914,47 1370)

100 ocm of i sat solution of KBi in fui-
furol it 25° contain 0 1 39 pts by wt KBr
(Wilden, Z phys Ch 1906,56 71*)

Insol in CS (\rctowski, Z anoig 1H94,
6 257)

Potassium rhodium bromide
b(e Bromorhodite, potassium

Potassium ruthenium /nbromide
See Bromoruthemte, potassium

Potassium ruthenium
See Bromoruthenate, potassium

Potassium selenium bromide
See Bromoselenate, potassium

748

POTASSIUM TELLURIUM BROMIDE

Potassium tellurium bromide
See Bromotellurate, potassium

Potassium thallic bromide, KBr, TlBrs+
2H20

Sol in H20

3KBr, 2TlBr8 +3H2O Sol m H20 (Ram-
melsberg )

Potassium thorium bromide
Sol in H20 (Berselius )

Potassium tin (stannous) bromide, KBr,

SnBr2+H2O

Sol in H20 (Benas, C C 1884 958)
Can be recryst from HBr or KBr-f Aq

(Ei<}liardson. Am Ch J 14 95 )
2KBr, SnBr2+2H20 Cannot be recryst

from HBr+Aq (Richardson )

Potassium tin (stannic) bromide, 2KBr,

SnBr4
See Bromostannate, potassium

Potassium uranous bromide, KUBre

Very sol m H20 (Aloy, Bull Soc 1899.
(3)21 264)

Potassium uranyl bromide, 2KBr, U02Br2-f-

2H20
Very easily sol in H2O (Sendtner )

Potassium zinc bromide, KBr, ZnBr2+2H20
Not hygroscopic (Ephraim, Z anore

1908, 59 60 )

2KBr, ZnBr2-f-2H2O Not hygroscopic

(Ephraim )

Potassium bromide ammonia, KBr, 4NH3
(Joanms, C R 1905, 140 1244 )

Potassium bromide ruthenium c&hydromtro-
sochlonde, (NO)Ru2H2Cl3, 2HC1, SKBr
Ppt SI sol m H2O (Bnzard, A ch
1900, (7) 21 359 )

Potassium bromoiodide, KBr*!

Decomp rapidly on air (Wells and
Wheeler, Sill Am J 143 475 )

Potassium carbon yl, K2C2O2

Decomp by H20 with explosion (Joanms,
C R 116 158)

Potassium chloride, KC1

Sol in H2O with absorption of heat

30 pts KC1+100 pts H20 at 132° lower

the temp 12 6° (Rtidorff, B 2 68 )

100 pts H20 dissolve 29 31 pts KC1 at 0°

(Gay-Lussac), 285 pts KC1 at 0° (Mulder,

Gerardm )

The saturated solution contains 58 5%, and
boils at 107 6° (Mulder), contams59 40%, and
boils at 1083° (Legrand), contains 5926%,
and boils at 1096° (Gay-Lussac), boils at
110° (Kremers)

Sol in 3 016 pts H20 at 15° (Gerlach), in
3 03 pts at 17 5° or 100 pts H20 at 17 5° dis-
solve 33 pts KC1 (Schiff )

100 pts H2O at t dissolve pfcs KC1

t°

Pts
KCl

t°

Pts
KC1

t°

Pts
KC1

0
1935

2921
34 53

5239
7958

4359
5093

10960

5926

(Gay-Lussac A ch (2) 11 308 )

34 9

100 pts BUO dissolve 34 6 pts KC1 at 11 8°
pts at 13 8 35 pts at 15 6° (Kopp )

100 pts H2O at 17 5° dissolve 33 24 pts KC1 and
sp gr of solution is 1 635 (Karsten )

100 pts HaO at 12° dissolve 32 pts and at 100° 59 4
pts (Otto Graham )

Sol in 3 pts H2O at ord temp and 3 pts boiling
HaO (Bergmann) in 3 33 pts hot or cold H 0 (Four
croy) m 3 pts at 15° and 1 68 pts at 110 (MR and
P)

Sol in 3 5 pts HaO at 0° and in less than 1 pt hot
H O (Schubarth) 100 pts HaO at 17 5° dissolve 30 7
33 0 pts KC1 (Ure s Diet )

100 pts HaO dissolve 35 405 pts KC1 at 15° and
solution has sp gr =1 1809 (Michel and Krafft A
ch (3) 41 478 )

100 pts H20 dissolve at
18° 30° 40° 57°
336 378 401 45 0 pts KC1
(Gerardm, A ch (4) 5 139 )

100 pts H20 dissolve 33 06-32 08 pts KC1
at 15 6° and sp gr of solution = 1 171 (Page
and Keightley, Chem Soc (2) 10 566 )

Solubility m 100 pts H2O at t°

t°

Pts
KCl

t°

Pts
KCl

t°

Pts
KCl

0

28 5

17

33 9

34

38 5

1

28 7

18

34 2

35

38 7

2

29 0

19

34 4

36

39 0

3

29 3

20

34 7

37

39 3

4

29 5

21

35 0

38

39 6

5

30 0

22

35 3

39

39 9

6

30 5

23

35 5

40

40 1

7

31 0

24

35 8

41

40 3

8

31 5

25

36 1

42

40 6

9

31 7

26

36 4

43

40 9

10

32 0

27

36 6

44

41 2

11

32 3

28

36 9

45

41 5

12

32 5

29

37 2

46

41 7

13

32 8

30

37 4

47

42 0

14

33 1

31

37 7

48

42 3

15

33 4

32

38 0

49

42 5

16

33 6

33

38 2

50

42 8

POTASSIUM CHLORIDE

749

Solubility in 100 pts , etc — Continued

If solubility S=pts KCl in 100 pts solu-
tion, S=205+01445t from —90° to 110°
(£tard, C R 98 1432)

Sat KCl+Aq contains at
142° 150° 175° 180°
386 388 412 41 8% KCl

190° 200° 242° 732° (mpt)
432 429 476 100% KCl
rfitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 256 )

100 g H2O dissolve 0 488 gram-equivalent
KCl at 25° (van't Hoff and Meyerhoffer,
Z phys Ch 1904, 49 315 )

Solubility of KCl in H2O at t°

t°

Pts
KC1

t°

Pts
KC1

t°

Pts
KC1

51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70

43 1

43 4
43 6
43 9
44 2
44 4
44 7
44 9
45 2
45 5
45 8
46 1
46 3
46 6
46 9
47 2
47 5
47 7
48 0
48 3

71
72
73

74
75

76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90

48 5
48 8
49 1
49 4
49 6
49 9
50 2
50 5
50 8
51 0
51 3
51 5
51 8
52 1
52 4
52 6
52 9
53 2
53 5
53 8

91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
107 65

54 1
54 4
54 6
54 9
55 2
55 5
55 7
56 0
56 3
56 6
56 9
57 2
57 4
57 7
58 0
58 2
5§ 5
58 5

G KCl per

100 G H20

t°

KCl

&p gr

0 70
19 55
32 80
59 85
74 80
89 45
108 0*

28 29
34 37
38 32
45 84
49 58
53 38
58 11

1 1540
1 1738
1 1839
1 1980
1 2032
1 2069
1 2118

(Mulder, calculated from his own and other
observations, Scheik Verhandel 1864 41 )

Solubility m 100 pts H20 at t°

* Bpt of sat solution
(Berkeley, Phil Trans Roy Soc 1904, 203,
A 189)

Solubiht} of KCl in 100 g H20 at t°

t°

Pts
KC1

t°

Pts
KC1

t°

Pts
KCl

-11°
6 4

24 46
25 78
27 9
29 37
30 84
32 19
5 32 66
34 32

25 7
29 25
38 0
41 45
46 15
48 8
55 1
60 55

36 10
37 31
39 71
40 67
42 34
42 86
44 51
45 90

64 95
71 65
74 25
80 75
86 6
91 4

47 17
48 76
49 27
51 24
52 53
53 49

0

+3 9
9 4
11 4
14 &
19 0

t

s

KCl

t

g KCl

+ 18 5
11 5
10
7 5
2 5

0
i

33 3
31 2
30 8
29 8

28 4
27 5
27 2

-4 5

_Q

-8 5
-8

7

25 9
23 9
21 5
20 0
17 5
15 7
14 3

(Coppet, A ch (5) 30 414 )

Solubility is lepiesented by a sti light line,
of which th( formula is 2851-M)2837t

^PrvKVT-krkf ^l

-6
-5 5

(Mcusser, Z anorg 1905,

44

80)

100 pts H () dissolve 29 33 pts KCl at 4°,
45 5 pts at 60° (Andn u , J pi (2) 29 456 )

100 pts H2() dissolve at

0° 100° H<)° ISO0
292 56 5 66 7S pts KCl
(lildcn ind She nstone, 1 ond, R Sex Proc
35 345 )

Solubility of KCl m 100 pts H2O at high
temp

t

Pta
KCl

t

I is
KCl

t

1 1

KCl

125
133

59 6
69 3

147
175

70 8
75 2

180

77 5

(Tilden and Shenstone, Phil Trans 1884 23 )

Sat KCl+Aq at 25° contains 26 46% KCl
(l<oot<,Am Ch J 1906,35 238)

28 01 g KCl arc contimod m 100 g solu-
tion sat at 30° (de Waal, Dibsert 1910 )

36 12 g KCl are bol in 100 g H2O it 25°
(Arnadon and Pamptnim, Rend A<c Line
1911, V 20 473)

4272 g mol ire contained m 1 1 solution
bit at25° (Htiz Z anoig 1911,73 274)

Solubility of KBr it 6° =23 06%, 2S4° =
2691% 626° = 3157° (Susb, Z Kiist 1912,
51 262)

Solubility at 22° =25 68% (Bionstc dt, Z
phys Ch 1912, 80 20S )

100 mol H20 dissolve at
193° 297° 401° 545°
82 8 99 9 75 10 39 mol KCl
(Sudhaus, Mmei Jahrb Beil -Bd 1914, 37
18)

750

POTASSIUM CHLORIDE

KCl+Aq sat at 16° has sp gr =1077
(Stolba, J pr 97 503 )

Sp gr of KCl+Aq at 17 5°

Sp gr of KCl+Aq at 0° S=pts salt in 100
pts of solution, Si=mols salt in 100
mols solution

s

Si

Sp gr

&

Sp gr

lh
j\\ji

Sp gr

&i

JoA^l

Sp gr

20 7840
17 7214
14 4707
11 0757
7 5440
4 4968

5 954
4 940
3 922
2 918
1 931
1 123

1 1489
1 1258
1 1018
1 0769
1 0521
1 0308

1
2
3

4
5
6

7
8

1 0062
1 0125
1 0189
1 0254
1 0319
1 0385
1 0451
1 0518

9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

1 0586
1 0655
1 0725
1 0795
1 0866
1 0937
1 1008
1 1080

17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

1 1152
1 1225
1 1298
1 1372
1 1446
1 1521
1 1596
1 1673

(Charpy, A ch (6) 29 23 )
Sp gr of KCl+Aq at 25°

Sp

(Schiff,A 110 76)
gr of KCl+Aq at 19 5°

Concentration of KC1 +Aq

Sp gr

1-normal

Vr- "
V«- "
Vs- "

1 0466
1 0235
1 0117
1 0059

%KC1

Sp gr % KC1 Sp gr

5 98
11 27
16 27

1 0382 21 31 1 1436
1 0733 25 133 1 1720
1 1075

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 36 )

KCl+Aq containing 5 05% KC1 has sp gr
20°/20°- 10327
KCl+Aq containing 20 55% KC1 has sp
gr 20°/20° = 11393
(Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phys Ch 1896,
19 272)

Sp gr of KCl+Aq

(Kremers, Pogg 96 119 )
Sp gr of KCl+Aq at 15°

K&l

J\\jl

Sp gr

K&
JxL/1

Sp gr

&

Sp gr

1

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

1 00650
1 01300
1 01950
1 02600
1 03250
1 03916
1 04582
1 05248
1 05914

10

11

12
13
14
15
16
17
18

1 06580
1 07271
1 07962
1 08654
1 09345
1 10036
1 10750
1 11465
1 12179

19
20
21
22
23
24
24 9*

1 12894
1 13608
1 14348
1 15088
1 15828
1 16568
1 17234

g KCi m 1000 g «n
of solution op

gr 16°/16°

0
0 7140
1 5042
3 0724
8 3165

1
1
1
1
1

000000
000464
000975
001991
005391

* Mother liquor
(Gerlach, Z anal 8 281 )

Sp gr of KCl+Aq at 20°, containing mols
KCI to 100 mols H20

(Dijken, Z phys Ch 1897, 24 109 )

Sp gr of KCl+Aq at 20 1°, when p=per
cent strength of solution, d= observed
density, and w= volume cone in g per

Mols

KCI

Sp gr

Mols KCI

Sp gr

cc (l5o)=w

0

1

2

5
0
0

1
1
1

01310
02568
04959

4 0
5 0

1 09415
1 11445

p

d

w

36 43
31 12
24 79
18 06
13 17
8 412
6 610
4 419
3 456
1 197

1 853
1 1554
1 1215
1 0866
1 0617
1 0386
1 0297
1 0193
1 0148
1 0040

0 43171
0 35954
0 27887
0 19610
0 13980
0 08736
0 06806
0 4505
0 03507
0 01202

(Nicol, Phil Mag (5) 16 122 )
Sp gr of KCl+Aq at 18°

i&i

J\X^l

Sp gr

&L

Sp gr \l

^ Sp gr

5
10

1 0308
1 0638

15
20

1 0978 2
1 1335

5 1 1408

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

(Barnes, J phys Ch 1898, 2 544 )

POTASSIUM CHLORIDE

751

Sp gr of KCl+Aq at t°

KCl+Aq containing 10% KCl boils at
101 1°, containing 20%. at 103 4° (Gerlach )
Sat KCl+Aq containing 52 7 pts KCl to
100 pts H20 forms a crust at 107 7°, highest
temp observed, 108 5° (Gerlach, Z anal 26
426)

B-pt of KCl+Aq containing pts KCl to
100 pts H20 G= according to Gerlach
(Z anal 26 438), L= according to
Legrand (A ch (2) 59 42ff)

t°

Normality of
KCl+Aq

g KClm
100 g of
solution

Sp gr t°/4°

20f5

3 74
2 65
1 87
0 93

23 93
17 66
12 82
6 64

1 1617
1 1166
1 0829
1 0424

(Oppenheimer, Z phys Ch 1898, 27 450 )
Sp gr of KCl+Aq at 18°/4°

B pt

G

L

B pt

G

L

100 5°
101 0
101 5
102
102 5
103
103 5
104
104 5

4 9
9 2
13 1
16 7
20 1
23 4
26 7
29 9
33 1

4 7
9 0
13 2
17 1
20 9
24 5
28 0
31 4
34 6

105°
105 5
106
106 5
107
107 5
108
108 3
108 5

36 2
39 3
42 4
45 5
48 4
51 5
54 5

57 4

37 8
41 0
44 2
47 4
50 5
53 7
56 9
59 4

g KCl in 100 g
of solution

Sp

gr

0 24963
0 12459
0 08342
0 062343

1 0003
0 9995
0 99929
0 99912

(Jahn, Z phys Ch 1900, 33

559)

KCl+Aq containing 1 pt KCl in 58 923
pts H20 at 17° has sp gr = ] 0096 (Hittorf,
Z phys Ch 1902, 39 628 )

Sp gr 20°/4° of a normal solution of KCl =
1 04443 (Haigh, J Am Chem Soc 1912,
34 1151)

Precipitated from aqueous solution by HC1
+Aq Much less sol in very dil HCl+Aq
than in H20 (Fresenius )

Nearly insol in cone HCl+Aq

100 cc sat HCl+Aq dissolve 1 9 g KCl
at 17° (Ditte, A ch 1881, (5) 24 226 )

G per 100 cc of solution

t°

g KCl sol in
100 g H2O

Sp gr

HC1

KCl

—10°
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70

24 98
28 50
31 23
34 11
37 28
40 12
42 86
45 48
48 30

1 139
1 156
1 168
1 177
1 183
1 190
1 195
1 199
1 203

0 0
1 42
2 41
2 59
4 05
8 39
12 40
14 95
23 88
54 20

25 73
22 69
20 84
20 51
17 71
11 93
7 46
5 60
1 49
1 52

(Tschernaj, J Russ phys Chom Soc 1912,
44 1565)

Sp gr of dil KCl+Aq at 20 004°
Conc=g cquiv KCl pel 1 at 20 004°
Sp gr comp trod with H 0 at 20 004°= 1

(Engel, A ch 1888, (6) 33 377)
Solubility of KCl in HCl+Aq

t

Concontra
tion of HC1
g mol per
1000 {, H O

Wt KCl per
1000 g H O

Mol
solubihtj

CoiK

Sp gr

0

«

<t
ft

0

H
1A

283 55
267 25
250 00
214 25

3 81
3 59
3 36

2 88

0 0000
0 0001
0 0002
0 0005
0 0010
0 0026
0 0050
0 0100

1 000,000,0
1 000,004,S
1 000,009,7
1 000,024,2
1 000,048,5
1 000,097,1
1 000,242,6
1 000,483,6

25

u
<(
ti

0

1A

y*
i

359 25
341 55
324 30
289 60

4 82
4 59
4 35
3 89

(Lamb and Lee, J Am Chem Soc , 1913, 35

1687)

(Armstrong and Eyre, Proc R Soc 1910 (A)

752

POTASSIUM CHLORIDE

100 g sat HCl+Aq dissolve 1 9 g KC
at 20° (Stoltzenberg, B 1912, 45 2248 )

Solubility in HCl-KAq at 25°

Milhmols HC1 m 10 ccm Millunola KC1 in 10 com

5 66
10 20
15 90
20 94
32 52

42 72
37 49
33 79
28 68
24 74
17 39

(Herz, Z anorg 1912,73 275)

Solubility of KC1 in HBr+Aq at 25°

Milhmols HBr in 10 ccm Millunols KC1 m 10 ccm

6 61
34 15

42 72
37 80
19 57

(Herz, Z anorg 1912, 73 275 )

Sol in sat NH4Cl+Aq with pptn of
NBUCl When action has ceased, the solu-
tion at 18 75° contains 31 6% of the mixed
salt, or 100 pts H2O dissolve 46 1 pts of the
mixed salt, viz, 16 27 pts KC1 and 2983
pts NH4C1 (Karsten)

Solubility of KC1 in NH4Cl+Aq at 25°

Dissolved m 1000 mols H2O

Mols KC1

74 2
67 9
61 4
55 5
50 2
43 0
37 6
37 0
37 5
22 6

Mol NH4C1

23 8

32 5

52 2

65 9

74 4

96 3

110 0

107 5

100 4

118 2

(Biltz, Z anorg 1911, 71 174 )
See also NH4C1

Sol in sat BaClg+Aq with pptn of
until a state of equilibrium is reached, when
100 pts H20 at 16 8° dissolve 45 9 pts mixed
salts, vizr 18 2 pts BaCI2 and 27 7 pts KC1

See also BaCl2

Solubility of KC1 in MgCl2+Aq of given per-
centage composition

t°

30%

212%

15%

n%

10

1 9%

5 3%

9 9%

14 3%

20

2 6

6 5

11 3

15 9

30

3 4

7 6

12 7

17 5

40

4 2

8 8

14 2

19 0

50

5 0

10 0

15 6

20 5

60

5 8

11 2

17 0

21 9

70

6 5

12 4

18 3

23 2

80

7 3

13 6

19 5

24 5

90

8 1

14 7

20 8

25 8

100

8 9

15 9

22 1

27 1

(Precht and Wittgen, B 14 1667 )
Solubility of KCl+NaCl m 20% MgCl2+Aq

10
20
30
40
50

%KC1

4 2

5 1

6 0

6 9

7 9

5 7
5 8

5 9

6 0
6 1

60
70
80
90
100

%KC1

8 9
Q 9

10 9

11 9
13 0

6 3

6 4

6 6

6 7

6 <)

(P and W )
Sol meat KN03+Aq with pptn of KN03

1 litre of the solution contains

at 14 5°

Mol KC1 Mol KNO3

3 865
3 810
3 782
3 710
3 667
3 629
3 597
3 582

0 0
0 204
0 318
0 615
0 818

0 910

1 176
1 220

at 252

Mol KC1 Mol KNOs

4 18
4 11
4 07
3 93
3 85
3 81
3 70

0 0
0 136
0 318

0 902

1 212
1 397
1 805

(Touren, C R 1900, 130 909 )
Solubility of KC1 in KNO^+Aq

25

Concentra

tion of KNO3

in g mol

per 1000 g

H20

0

Wt KC1 in
1000^ H/)

283 55

284 25
283 bO
287 60
364 15
355 00
361 65
358 80
355 20

Mol
solubility

3 81

3 81

3 81

86

89

90

Sb

81

77

Armstrong and Eyre, Proc R Soc 1910 [AL

84 127)
See also KN03

POTASSIUM CHLORIDE

753

Sol in sat NaNO3-f Aq without causing
pptn (See NaN08 )
Sol in sat Ba(NO8)2+Aq without causing
pptn
Solubility in KBr+Aq at 25 2°

Solubihtv of KC1 in KOH+Aq at 0°

G per 100 cc solution

KC1

KOH

1 litre of the solution contains

26 83
23 44
21 39
17 39
13 89
10 91
8 64
6 78
4 74

0 0
1 33
2 64
5 56
8 46
11 23
13 83
16 43
19 72

Mol KBr

Mol KC1

0 0
0 49
0 85
1 31
1 78
2 25
2 69

4 18
3 85
3 58
3 19
2 91
2 58
2 33

(Engel, Bull Soc 1891, (3) 6 16 )

(Touren, C R 1900, 130 1252 )
See also KBr

100 pts H20 dissolve 133 2 pts KI and

Solubility in KOH+Aq at 20°

10 4 pts KC1 at 21 5° no matter how pre-

pared (Rudorff, B 6 484 )
100 pts KCl+Aq sat at 15-16° contain

G KOH m
1 litre

G KClm
1 litre

Sp gr

Degrees
Baume"

25 26-25 37 pts KC1 100 pts KCl+Ki+
Aq sat at 15-16° contain 57 80 pts of the two
salts KC1 is pptd by KI (v Hauer. J pr

Oft 1 Q7 ^

10
20
30

293
285
276

1 185
1 185
1 190

22 5
22 5
23 0

vO JLOf )

40

265

1 192

23 0

Solubility in KI+Aq at t°

50

Ctf\

255

1 195

23 5

to

Sat solution contains

60

70

245
236

1 200
1 200

24 0
24 0

% KCI

m KI

% total salt

80

226

1 205

24 5

90

219

1-205

24 5

0

4 8

50 8

56 6

100

211

1 210

25 0

8

5 1

51 1

56 2

110

205

1 210

25 0

18

57 9

120

199

1 215

25 5

30

4 2

54 6

58 8

130

192

1 215

25 5

41

4 7

55 0

59 7

140

185

1 220

26 0

49

5 7

56 0

61 7

150

178

1 225

26 5

60

62 5

160

171

1 225

26 5

75

4 4

50 5

63 9

170

165

1 230

27 0

82

5 0

59 6

64 6

180

159

1 235

27 5

96

66 2

190

153

1 240

28 0

102

66 8

200

14S

1 245

28 5

140

63 3

210

142

1 250

29 0

155

7 6

64 8

72 4

220

137

1 255

29 5

182

8 7

65 4

74 1

230

133

1 260

30 0

190

8 6

66 0

74 6

240

128

1 265

30 5

245

10 0

66 5

76 5

250

124

1 270

30 8

260

120

1 275

31 3

(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 3 2S1 )

270
280

115
112

1 280

1 285

31 7
32 0

Solubility of KCl+KI m H2O at 25°

290

108

1 290

32 5

C per 100 JL, IJjO

300

104

1 295

33 0

310

100

1 300

33 5

KCI

KI

k(l

KI

320

OOA

96

no

1 305
101 f\

34 0

0

149 26

19 64

68 22

330
340

93

oil)
1 315

34 6

4 06

144 03

23 75

43 89

350

85

1 320

35 0

7 63

137 79

29 56

23 83

360

81

1 325

35 5

11 36

132 60

31 38

14 83

370

78

1 330

36 0

11 74

133 90

33 68

7 00

380

74

1 335

36 3

15 10

105 91

36 12

0 00

390

71

ftQ

1 340

36 7

OT 1

(Amadori and Pampamm, Att Ace Line

400
410

68
64

1 350

6( I

37 5

1911, 20, II 475 )

754

POTASSIUM CHLORIDE

Solubility in KOH+Aq at 20° —^Continued

Solubility of KCl+NaCl in H2O at t° 100
pts H20 dissolve pts KCl and pts NaCl

G KOH in
1 litre

G KCl m
1 hire

Sp gr

Degrees
Baiiine*

t°

Pts
KCl

Pts
NaCl

,0 PtS PtS

* KCl NaCl

420
430
440
450
460
470

61
58
55
53
50
47

1 355
1 360
1 365
1 370
1 375
1 380

38 0
38 5
38 9
39 2
39 5
40 0

10
20
30
40
50

12 5
14 7
17 2
19 5
22 0

29 7
29 2

28 7
28 2
27 7

60 24 6 27 2
70 27 3 26 8
80 30 0 26 4
90 32 9 26 1
100 34 7 25 8

480
490

44
42

1 385
1 390

40 2
40 6

(Precht and Wittgen, B 14 1667 )

500
510
520
530

40
38
35
33

1 397
1 405
1 410
1 415

41 0
41 5
42 0
42 3

100 pts H20 dissolve 13 99 pts KC1+3054
pts NaCl =44 53 pts mixed salts at 20°
(Nicol, Phil Mag (5) 31 385 )

540

31

1 420

42 6

550
^fin

29

97

1 425

1 4.3O.

43 0

AQ (%

Solubility of KCl in NaCl+Aq at 20°

570

25

1 435

*t3 0

43 7

G per 100 g

H20

ssa

24

1 440

44 0

NaCl

KCl

590

23

1 445

44 3

600

22

1 450

44 6

0 0

34 52

610

21

1 455

45 0

6 5

29 37

620

20

1 460

45 5

13 0

4 71

630

18

1 465

45 9

19 5

0 42

640

17

1 470

46 2

650

16

1 475

46 5

(Nicol, Phil Mag 1891, 31 369 )

660

15

1 480

46 8

670

680

15
15

1 485
1 490

47 0
47 5

Solubility of KClH-NaCl at t°

690

15

1 495

47 9

G per 100 g H2O

700

14

1 500

48 9

J.C

>

710

<-rnf\

14

"1 O

1 505

48 5

KCl

NaCl

720
730

13
13

1 510
1 515

48 8
49 1

25

15 8

14 5

740

13

1 520

49 5

a

29 0

31 3

750

13

1 525

49 7

80

30 0

25 2

760

12

1 530

50 0

26 4

34 0

770
780

12
12

1 535
1 540

50 3
50 6

(

Soch, J phys Ch

1898, 2 46 )

790

11

1 545

51 0

800

Q1 A

11

1 A

1 550

1Kar\

51 3

Solubility of KCl+NaCl at ? °

820

111

10

ObO

1 565

51 5

51 8

G salts m 100 g H2O

830

9

1 570

52 2

NaCl

KCl

Solid phase

840

9

1 575

59 fi

850

9

1 580

53 0

9 89

1 Q QK

28 34

99 *7IX

KCl

a

(Winteler, Z Elektrochem, 1900, 7 360 )

10 OD

29 88
31 57

44 iO

16 28
10 91

KCl+NaCl
NaCl

33 17

5 65

u

at

13-16°

(v

KCl+NaCl

100 pts KCl+NaCl+Aq sat
contain 30 18 pts of the two
Hauer )

100 pts H20 dissolve 13 92 pts KCl and
30 65 pts NaCl at 15 6°, and solution has
sp gr = 1 233 (Page and Keightley )

100 pts H20 dissolve 10 11 pts KCl, 32 15
pts NaCl, and 4 69 pts K2S04, and solution
has sp gr =1 250 (P and K )

100 pts H20 dissolve 29 9 pts NaCl and
15 7 pts KCl at 18 8° (Rudorff )

(Uyeda, Mem Col Sc Kioto, 1910, 2 245 )

100 g H20 sat with NaCl dissolve 0 216
gram-equivalent KCl at 25°

100 g H20 sat with K2SO4 dissolve 0 466
gram-equivalent KCl at 25° (Euler, Z
phys Ch 1904, 49 315 )

Solubility in NaCl+Aq at 20°, 30°, 40° and
91° Tables given m the original show that
each salt diminishes the solubility of the
other (Leather, Chem Soc 1915, 108 (2)
13)

POTASSIUM CHLORIDE

755

Solubility of KCl+NaCl in HCl-j-Aq at 25°

%HC1

% NaCl

%KC1

0
8 61
17 16
20 65
32 78

19 95
10 65
3 56
2 03

0 18

10 90
7 58
3 80
2 86
1 27

(Hicks, J Am Chem Soc 1915, 37 846 )
See also under NaCl

KCl+SrCla

100 pts H2O dissolve 11 2 pts KC1 and
48 6 pts SrCl2 at 14 5° (v Hauer )

If SrCla+Aq sat at 14 5 is sat with KC1
at same temp , 100 pts H20 dissolve

KCl
SrCh

33 2

11 2

48 6

50 7

59 8

(Mulder, Scheik Verhandel 1864 )

KC1-KNH4)2S04

Sat solution of KC1-HNH4)2S04 at b-pt
when cooled to 14° has different composition
from sat solution of (NH4)C1 and K2S04, and
its composition is changed by warming it with
either KCl or (NH4)2S04 (Rudorff )

KC1+K2S04

100 pts H20 contain the following amounts
salt at 1875° (1) sat with KCl alone,

(2) sat first with KCl then with K2SO4,

(3) sat with K2S04 and KCl together,

(4) sat first with K SO4 then with KCl,

(5) sat with K2S04 alone

KCl
K2S04

i
34 5

2

i

4

5

32 96
1 79

33 12
1 75

33 12

1 83

10 S

(Karsten )

100 pts H2O sat with both K2SO4 and KCl
contain the follow mg amounts

KCl
K2S04

At H S

*3 5

2S 2
2 0

10 3

KCl
Kb04

\t 1 iS

33 6

27 9
2 3

10 4

KCl
K2S04

At lt> 1

33 6

27 1
3 3

10 4

(Kopp, A 34 264 )

Sat K2S04+Aq dissolves KCl only with
pptn of K2S04, but sat KCl+Aq dissolves
some K2S04 without any separation (Kar-
sten)

Solubility of KC1+K2S04
dissolve at t°

100 pts H20

t

Pts
KCl

Pts
K2S04

t°

Pts
KC1

Pts
KaSO*

10

30 9

1 32

60

43 8

1 94

20

33 4

1 43

70

46 5

2 06

30

36 1

1 57

80

49 2

2 21

40

38 7

1 68

90

52 0

2 38

50

41 3

1 82

100

54 5

2 53

(PrechtandWittgen)

100 g H20 dissolve 3476 g KC1+2 93 g
K2SO4 at 25° (Van't Hoff and Meyerhoffer,
Z phys Ch 1898, 27 75 )

Sol in 20% KC2H302+Aq (Stromeyer )

Quickly attacked by liquid NO2 in the
presence of traces of moisture, with evolution
of C12 (Frankland, Chem Soc 1901, 79
1361)

SI sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 829 )

Easily sol in liquid HF (Franklin, Z
anorg 1905,46 2)

100 g hydrazine dissolves 8 5 pfcs KCl at
12 5-13° (de Bruyn, Etc 1899, 18 297 )

100 g anhyd hydroxylamine dissolve 12 3
g KCl at 17-18° (de Bruyn, Z phys Ch
1892, 10 782 )

100 pts alcohol of 0 900 sp gr dissolve 4 62 pts
0 872 1 66 pts 0 834 0 38 pt 0 817 0 00 pt KC1
(Kirwan )

Sol in 48 pts bohing alcohol (Wenzel )
Insol m absolute alcohol containing LiCI (Mits
cherlich )

At 15°, 100 pts alcohol of p percen..
volume (S=sp gr ) dissolve pts K
follows

p 10 20 30

>S 0984 0972 0958

KCl 198 147 107

P
S
KCl

50

0&18
50

60

089b
28

;eby
1 as

40
0940

77

80

0848
045

(SchifT, A 118 365 )

100 pts of a, mixture of 40% alcohol with
60% H 0 dissolve 9 2 pts KCl at 15°
(Schiff )

Insol in absolute alcohol or in 96% alcohol
at 15° or below At 20°, 100 pts of the latter
dissolve 0 04 pt , at 25°, 0 06 pt , at 30°, 0 20
pt KCl Dilute alcohol dissolves less KCl
than the contained H20 would dissolve by
itself

756

POTASSIUM CHLORIDE

Solubility in dil alcohol L> » sp gr of alco-
hol, S = solubility in 100 pts alcohol at t°

Solubility of

KCl in ethyl alcohol at 0°

Concentration of
alcohol Mol g
alcohol per 1000
g H20

Solubihty in
1000 g H20

Molecular
solubihty

D =0 9904

D =0 9848

D =0 9793

D =0 9726

t°

8

t

S

t°

S

t°

S

0 25
0 50
1 00
3 00

285 15
277 95
271 10
265 50
208 80

3 80
3 73
3 64
3 45
2 81

0
4
22
25
34
52

23 2

24 8
29 4
30 2
32 8
37 5

4
20
27
30
37
60

20 9
25 5
26 6
27 5
29 0
35 2

4
21
28
43

16 4
20 3
22 0
25 6

3
5
16
20
25
34

12 2

12 7
15 4
16 1
17 3
19 0

(Armstrong and Eyre, Proc Rov Soc 1910.
(A) 84 127 )

Solubihty of KCl in ethyl alcohol -f-Aq at
25°

D =0 9573

D ~0 9390

D =0 8967

D =08244

t°

s

t°

s

t°

S

t°

S

10

11

17
30
40
60

S 8
9 0
10 3
12 5
13 9
16 7

2

7
16
30
38
57

4 2
5 1
6 4
8 5
9 6
11 3

12

31

47
65

2 87
4 35
4 88
5 65

4
15
20
25
32

0 00
0 00
0 04
0 06
0 20

wt %

alcohol

G KCl per
*00cc
sat solution

alcohol

G KCl per
100 cc
sat solution

(Gerardm, A ch (4) 5 140 )
Solubihty of KCl in dd alcohol at 14 5°

0
10
20
30
40
50

31 18
23 93
17 89
13 27
9 40
6 26

60
70
80
90
100

4 18
2 27
0 93
0 31
0 08

Sp gr

100 ccm contain

(Mclntosh, J phys Ch 1903, 7 350 )

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
0 5 pt at 18 5°, 100 pts absolute ethyl al-
cohol dissolve 0 034 pt at 18 5° (de Bruyn,
Z phys Ch 10 783 )
100 pts 40% wood alcohol dissolve 9 ? pts
KCr (Schiff)

a-1..U,l,j... ~£ VT\-\ il,..l «1~~U~1 1 A ~ «J-

Alcohol

Water

KCl

1 1720
1 1542
1 1365
1 1075
1 1085
1 0545
1 0455
0 9695
0 9315
0 8448

2 79
4 98
10 56
15 57
20 66
24 25
40 42
48 73
68 63

88 10
85 78
84 00
79 63
75 24
70 52
67 05
50 18
40 60
15 55

29 10
26 85
24 67
20 56
17 24
14 27
13 25
6 35
3 82
0 30

(Bodlander, Z phys Ch 7 316 )

Solubihty of KCl m ethyl alcohol
(G KCl per 100 g alcohol +Aq )

25°

P = % by wt of alcohol in alcohol +Aq
S =Sp gr alcohol +Aq sat with KCl
L = milhmols KCl in 100 ccm of the solu-
tion

wt %

alcohol

at 30

at 40

wt %

alcohol

at 30°

at 40°

0

38 9

41 8

43 1

11 1

13 1

5 28

33 9

35 9

55 9

6 8

8 2

9 43

30 2

33 3

65 9

3 6

4 1

16 9

24 9

27 6

78 1

1 3

1 6

25 1

19 2

21 8

86 2

0 4

0 5

34 1

15 6

17 2

p

S 25°/4

r

0
10 6
30 8
47 1
64 0
78 1
98 9
100

1 1782
1 125
1 033
0 9679
0 9064
0 8607
0 8242
0 7937

417 4
329
183
102
46 1
20 6
9 9
5 7

(Bathrick, J phys Ch 1896, 1 160 ) (Herz and Anders, Z anorg 1907, 56 273 )

POTASSIUM CHLORIDE

757

Solubility of KC1 in methyl alcohol

500 mg KC1 treated with 10 g of above

t°

Concentra
tion of
alcohol
Mol g
alcohol per
1000 g HaO

Solubility
1 in 1000 g
H20

Molecular
solubility

mixture yield only 03 mg to the liquid
(Lawrence Smith, Am J Sci 16 56 )
Insol in acetone (Krug and M'Elroy, J
Anal Ch 6 184, Eidmann, C C 1899, II
1014)

0

K

0 25

283 55

280 00

3 81
3 76

Solubility of KC1 in acetone -f-Aq at t °

<c

0 50
1 00

276 35

267 85

3 71
3 60

+°

%

100 g of the solution contain

u

3 00

238 10

3 18

u

acetone

G H2O

G acetone

GKCl

25

364 15

4 89

30

0

72 73

0 00

27 27

a

0 25

361 90

4 86

5

71 15

3 74

25 11

u

0 50

357 10

4 79

9 09

69 62

6 96

23 42

tt

1 00

348 70

4 67

20

64 88

16 22

18 90

tt

3 00

324 15

4 35

30

Af\

59 49

CO T7

25 45

or to

15 06

UO1

(Armstrong and Eyre, Proc Roy Soc 1910

TbU

50

OO If

45 98

OO Q4

45 98

oJL
8 04

(A) 84 127 )

60

37 97

56 91

5 12

70

29 22

68 18

2 60

At room temp 1 pt by weight is sol in
200 pts methyl alcohol, D" 0 7990
750 " ethyl " D« 08035

80
90
100

19 82
9 98
0 00

79 43

89 88
100 00

0 76
0 13
0 00

Insol in propyl alcohol (Rohland, Z
anorg 1899, 18 325 )
100 g methyl alcohol dissolve 0 53 g KC1
at 25°

40

0
5
9 09

71 31
69 62

67 88

0 00
3 67
6 79

28 69
26 72
25 33

100 g ethyl alcohol dissolve 0 022 g KC1
at 25°

15
20

65 15
62 97

11 51
15 75

32 34

21 28

100 g propvl alcohol dissolve 0 004 g KC1
at 25°

80
85

19 81
14 94

79 34
84 66

0 58
0 40

100 g isoamyl alcohol dissolve 0 0008 g
KC1 at 25°

90
95

10 00
4 97

89 84
94 96

0 16
0 07

(Turner and Bissett. Chem Soc 1913, 103

100

0 00

100 00

0 00

1909)

Sinp.A fVifirft is hnt. rmp linmH nhas^ ViArp

Insol in propyl alcohol (Schlamp, Z
phys Ch 1894, 14 276 )

Solubility of KC1 m propyl alcohol

t

Concentra
tion of
alcohol
Mol k per
1000 *, H;O

Solubility in
1000 g H O

Molecular
bolubility

0

(C

(I

(t

0 25

0 50
1 00

283 55
274 10
265 45

24S 0

3 81
S 68
3 56
3 33

25

a

u
(t

0 25
0 50
1 00

365 10
^55 40
J47 70
331 50

4 90

4 77
4 67
4 45

(Armstrong xnd hyre, Proc Roy Soc 1910,
(A) 84 127 )

Insol in fusel-oil (Gooch, Am Ch J 9
53)
Very si sol in mixture of equal pts ab-
solute alcohol and ether (Berzehus )

these figures represent the solubilitv of KC1 in
acetone-f Aq at 30° and 40°

(Snell, J phys Chem 1898, 2 484 )

The addition of KC1 to mixtures of acetone
and H20 will cause a division into
two layers The following table gives
the temp at which sat solutions of KCl
in acetone +Aq of vaiymg concentra-
tions separate into t\\o laveib and also
the compositions of the ^at solutions of
KC1 m acetone -h A q

%
acetone

Temp
of
division

100 g of solution contain

G H20

G acetone

G KC1

26

46 5°

30

40 0

59 36

25 44

15 20

40

34 2

53 21

35 47

11 32

50

32 6

45 97

45 97

8 06

60

33 3

37 86

56 80

5 34

70

35 5

29 09

68 25

2 66

75

39 0

80

45 6

19 80

79 20

1 00

(Snell )

758

POTASSIUM CHLORIDE

The following table gives the compositions of
the solutions of KC1 in acetone H-Aq at
the points at which the solution just
divides into two layers Temp = 40°

Solubility in acetone +Aq at 20°
A=ccm acetone m 100 ccm acetone -fAq
KCl=millimols KCl in 100 ccm of the
solution

100 g of the solution contain

A

KCl

G H20

G acetone

G KC1

0

410 5

10

351 7

56 68

28 63

14 68

JLVJ

20

286 6

53 05

35 67

11 29

30

223 7

50 34

39 82

9 83

40

166 5

47 60

43 83

8 58

50

115 4

44 35

48 36

7 29

60

71 2

42 68

50 75

6 57

70

38 5

38 53

56 26

5 21

80

12 9

36 59

58 84

4 57

90

2 0

32 37

64 18

3 45

100

^ft fi9

ftft AQ

2Q5

OU \J£i

28 12

OU rto

69 45

<y*j
2 44

(Herz and Knoch, Z anorg 1904, 41

317)

(Snell)

Solubility of KCl in glycerine +Aq at 25°

The addition of KCl to aqueous acetone
causes the separation of the liquid into
two layers The following table gives the
composition of these layers at 40°

KC1= milhrnols KCl in 100 cc
tion

of the solu-

G

KCl

Sp gr

Upper layer contains per 100 g of solution

0
13 28
25 98
45 36
54 23
83 84
100

424 5
383 4
339 3
271 4
238 5
149 0
110 6

1 1800
1 1848
1 1935
1 2106
1 2189
1 2590
1 2860

G H20

G acetone

G KCl

55 20
54 27
53 27
51 69
51 23
50 34
49 08
48 02
47 62
46 49
45 65
45 64
58 99

31 82
36 69
35 44
37 76
48 50
39 88
41 67
43 18
43 73
45 34
46 52
46 57
25 24

12 99
12 03
11 29
10 55

10 27
9 77
9 26
8 79
8 64
8 17
7 83
7 79
15 77

(Herz and Knoch, Z anorg 1905, 45 267 )

Insol in CS2 (Baeyer, Arctowski, Z
anorg 1894, 6 257 )
Insol in benzomtnle (Naumann, B 1914,
47 1370)
Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790), ethy 1 acetate (Naumann,
B 1910, 43 314 )

Solubility of KCl in organic compounds -f-Aq
at 25°

Lower layer contains per 100 g of solution

G H O

G acetone

G KCl

28 14
29 45
30 96
31 83
32 64
34 07
35 27
37 44
38 00
38 68
39 98
40 41
23 66

69 42
67 83
65 97
64 83
63 79
62 01
60 49
57 67
56 96
56 17
54 36
53 78
74 91

2 44
2 72
3 07
3 33
3 56
3 92
4 24
4 89
5 04
5 25
5 66
5 81
1 43

Compound

G comp
per 1 H2()

C KC 1 per

100 R sat
solution

Water
Acetaldehyde
Paraldehyde
Glycerol

Glycol
u

Manmtol
«

11 01
11 07
13 01
15 51
62 05
45 53
136 59

26 89
27 05
26 42
25 58
26 43
25 26
24 86
24 46

(Armstrong and Eyre, Proc
A, 88 234 )

Roy Soc 1913,

(Snell )

POTASSIUM URANYL CHLORIDE

759

Solubility in pyridine+Aq at 10°

Potassium thorium chloride, KC1, 2ThCl4-f

1 OTT r\

Solvent

18H20

100 g Of til 6

solution contain

Deliquescent, sol in H2O and alcohol

HaO

Pyndine

g KC1

(Berzehus )

100

0

23 79

Potassium tin (stannous) chlonde (Potassium

90

OA

10

19 76

chlorostannite), KC1, SnCl2+H2O

80
70
60

2ft
30
40

16 37
13 19
10 05

Decomp by H20, sol in hot HC1 or KC1+
Aq (Remsen and Richardson, Am Ch J
14 90)

50
40
30

50
60
70

6 34
3 335

1 245

2KC1, SnCl2+H20 Partially decomp by
dissolvnig in HoO (Rammelsberg, Pogg 94
507 )

20
10

80
90
inn

0 24
0 039

+2H20 Very sol in hot, and but slightly
in cold HCl+Aq or KCl-f Aq (Remsen and

J.UU

Richardson )

(Schroeder, J pr 1908, (2) 77 268 )

4KC1, SnCl2+3H2O (Poggiale, C R 20
1182)

Insol in anhydrous pyndine and in 97%

Does not exist (Remsen and Richardson )

pyndine H-Aq

Very si sol

SI sol in
berg, J Am Chem

100 ccm of a sat solution' of KC1 in fur-
furol at 25° contam 0 085 pts by wt KC1
(Walden, Z phys Ch 1906, 65 713 )

100 g H2O dissolve 246 5 g sugar+44 8 g
KC1 at 31 25°, 100 g sat solution contain
62 28 g sugar+11 33 g T£C1 (Kohler, Z
Ver Zuckennd, 1897, 47 447 )

Solubility in glucose +Aq at 25°

Concentration of
glucose in 9 mol
per 1000 t H 0

Solubility in
1000 g H2O

Molecular
solubility

362 70

4 86

0 25

366 10

4 91

0 50

369 85

4 96

1 0

376 25

5 04

3 0

402 25

5 39

(Armstrong and Eyre, Proc Roy Soc 1910,

Potassium manganic chlonde, K2MnCl5

Sol in HA less sol m NH4Cl+Aq, un
stable (Ndiman, M 1S94, 15 492)

Potassium rhodium chlonde
S(c Chlororhodite, potassium

Potassium ruthenium wsqui chloride
bee Chlororuthemte, potassium

Potassium ruthenium /^//achlonde
*Scc Chlororuthenate, potassium

Potassium tellurium chloride
iSee Chlorotellurate, potassium

Potassium thallic chloride, :$KC1, 11C13 +

2H20

Sol m H20 Not decomp by boiling H2O
(Rammelsberg )

Potassium tin (stannic) chlonde, 2KC1, SnCl4
See Chlorostannate, potassium

Potassium tungsten chloride, K2(OH)WC1S
Decomp by moisture Insol in organic

solvents (Olsson, B 1913, 46 581 )
K8W2C19 Sol in H20 Nearly insol m

most organic solvents (Olsson )

Potassium uranium chlonde, UC14, 2KC1

Very hydroscopic, sol in H2O with decomp ,
sol in acetic acid Decomp by alcohol
Nearly insol in ether (Aloy, Bull Soc 1899,
(3) 21 264 )

Potassium uranyl chloride, K2(U02)C14
Very sol in H2O Moderately sol in dil

alcohol (Aloy, Dissert 1901 )

+2H20 Very sol in H20 and alcohol

(Arfvedson )
Sol in H2O, with decomp and separation

of KC1, unless H2O is acidulated with HC1

(Pdigot, A ch (3) 5 37 )

Solubility in H20 at t°

t°

100 pts of the solution
contain

Solid phase

Its
U02

Pts
Cl

Pts
K

0 8

14 9
17 5
25 0
41 5
50 0
60 0
71 5
78 5

38 57

33 71
37 36
35 01
35 27
34 18
34 19
33 55
35 26

13 59

13 51
14 50
15 26
15 92
16 56
17 25
17 44
18 24

3 86

5 27

7 39

9 14
9 28
9 95

UO C12 2KC1 2H2O
+KC1

UO*C12 2KC1 2H2O

(Rimbach, B 1904, 37 463 )

760

POTASSIUM VANADIUM CHLORIDE

Potassium uranyl chloride is decomp by
H20 at temp below 60° Above 60°, it is
sol in HaO without decomp

Potassium vanadium chloride, VK2Cl6-r-H2O
Difficultly sol in H20 and alcohol (Stab-
ler, B 1904, 37 4412 )

Potassium yttrium chloride

Sol in H20 with evolution of heat

Potassium zinc chloride, 2KC1, ZnCl2

Very deliquescent Sol in 1 pt cold, and

in all proportions of not H20 (Pierre, A ch

(3) 16 248 )

-f H20 Not very deliquescent Can be

recryst (Ephraim, Z anorg 1908, 69 58 )
KC1, ZnCl2-f-2H20 Not deliquescent

Cannot be recryst without decomp

(Ephraun )

Potassium chloroiodide, KC12I

Very unstable (Wells and Wheeler, Sill
Am J 143 475)

KC14I Sol in H20 with decomp Ether
dissolves out IC18 (Filhol, J Pharm 26
433)

Potassium fluoride, KF or K2F2

Very deliquescent Very sol in H2O SI
sol inHF-fAq Easily sol in cone KC2H802
H-Aq Insol in alcohol (Berzekus ) Sol
in dilute alcohol (Stromeyer, A 100 83 )

Sp gr of aqueous solution of KF at 18°
containing——

5 10 20 30 40% KF

1041 1084 1117 1272 1378
(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

Solubility in HF-fAq at 21°
(G per 100 g H20 )

KF will "salt out" acetone from aqueous
solution The table shows the composi-
tion of the solutions at the points at
which mhomogeneous solutions of KF,
acetone and H20 just become homo-
geneous at 20°
100 g of the solution contain

(Ditte, C R 1896, 123 1282 )

Easily sol m liquid HF (Franklin, Z
•anorg 1905, 46 2 )

Very si sol m liquid NHS (Gore, Am Ch
J 1898,20 829)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)

G KF

G HaO

G

acetone

G KF

G H2O

G

acetone

5 75

58 91

35 34

0 61

31 95

67 44

5 00

56 28

38 72

0 50

29 92

69 58

3 84

52 25

43 91

28 42

69 76

1 82

3 06

49 05

47 89

25 74

71 24

3 02

2 61

46 84

50 55

22 35

72 99

4 66

2 22

44 79

52 99

20 28

73 80

5 90

14 95

73 66

11 39

18 71

74 10

7 19

11 46

70 77

17 77

16 31

73 97

9 72

9 17

67 30

23 53

12 40

72 01

15 59

7 72

6401

28 27

33 86

65 73

0 397

7 07

62 03

30 90

29 97

68 54

1 50

6 43

60 50

33 07

22 05

73 41

4 54

1 38

40 55

58 06

17 82

74 01

8 16

0 979

36 42

62 60

14 34

73 29

12 37

0 693

32 69

66 61

44 24

55 52

0 240

0 57

31 50

67 93

33 34

65 66

1 00

0 89

35 74

63 36

29 86

68 54

1 60

0 75

33 84

65 41

24 38

72 16

3 45

HF

KF

HF

KF

0 0

96 3

13 95

31 4

1 21

72 0

15 98

33 4

1 61

61 0

17 69

35 6

3 73

40 4

20 68

38 4

4 03

32 5

28 60

46 9

6 05

30 4

41 98

61 8

9 25

29 9

53 71

74 8

11 36

29 6

74 20

105 0

12 50

30 5

119 20

169 5

At the first quadruple point where the
hydrate? acetone, water and vapor are in
equilibrium the upper layer contains 98%
acetone, while the lower laver contains m
100 g , 46 3 g KF A sat solution of KF
will thus dehydrate acetone to the extent of
98%

(EVankforter and Cohen, J Am Chem Soc
1914, 36 1115 )

Similar data are given for KF in ethyl and
)ropyl alcohol by Frankforter and Frary
J phys Ch 1913, 17 402 )

-f2H20 Very deliquescent (Guntz, A
ch (6) 3 20 )

Sat aq solution at 18° contains 45 3%
KF(deForcrand,C R 1911,162 1210)

Sp gr of solution sat at 18° = 1 502. and
contains 48% KF (Myhus and Funk, B
1897,30 1718)

+4H2O Not deliquescent (deFoicrand,
C R 1911,152 1075)

Sat aq solution at 18° contains 35 96%
KF (de Forcrand, C R 1911, 152 1210 )

Potassium hydrogen fluoride, KF. HF —
KHF2

Easily sol m H^O SI sol in H2O con-
taining HF Easily sol in cone KC2H3O2-f-
Aq Sol m dil alcohol, but msol in absolute
alcohol

KF, 2HF Dehquescent Decomp by
H2O with absorption of heat (Moissan, C R
106 547)

KF, 3HF As above (Moissan )

POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE

761

Potassium manganic fluoride
See Fluomanganate, potassium

Potassium scandium fluoride, K3ScF6

Sol in H20 Decomp by acids (R J
Meyer, Z anorg 1914, 86 275 )

Potassium silicon fluoride
See Fluosilicate, potassium

Potassium tantalum fluoride
See Fluotantalate, potassium

Potassium tellurium fluoride, KF, TeF4

Decomp by H20 (Hogbom. Bull Soc
(2) 35 60 )

Potassium thallic fluoride, 2T1F3, KF

Decomp by moisture Insol in HF
(Gewecke, A 1909, 366 226 )

Potassium thorium fluoride, 2KF, ThF4+

4H20

Nearly msol m H20 Sol m HF+Aq
KF, ThF4 Precipitate (Chydemus)

Potassium tm (stannous) fluoride, 2KF,

3SnF2+H20
Sol in H20 (Wagner, B 19 896 )

Potassium tin (stannic) fluoride
See Fluostannate, potassium

Potassium titanium te/rafluoride
See Fluotitanate, potassium

Potassium titanium se&gmfluoride, 4KF,

lU* 6

Precipitate Very si sol m H2O Sol in
dil aeidb (Piccmi, C R 97 1064)
See (tlso Fluosesgmtitanate, potassium

Potassium titanyl fluoride

Sec Fluoxypertitanate, potassium

Potassium tungstyl fluoride
Sec Fluoxytungstate, potassium

Potassium uranium fluoride, kl< , UI 4

Insol m H2O and dil icids Difficultl1.
sol in cone HCl-fAq Sol in cone H2SO4
(Bolton, J It 1866 212 )

Potassium uranyl fluoride
Sec Fluoxyuranate, potassium

Potassium vanadium sesquiftuonde
See Fluovanadate, potassium

Potassium vanadium teirofluonde (?)

Easily sol m H20 Insol m alcohol
(Berzelms )

Potassium zinc fluoride, KF, 2JnF
Sol in H20 (R Wagner )
2KF, ZnFo Sol ui H2O (Berzehus )

Potassium zirconium fluonde
See Fluozirconate, potassium

Potassium fluonde hydrogen peroxide, KF

H202

Not hydroscopic Very sol in H20 Is
not decomp at 70° and only partially so at
110° (Tanatar, Z anorg 1901, 28 255 )

Potassium fluonde vanadic acid
See Fluoxyvanadate, potassium

Potassium hydride, KH

Decomp by H2O Insol m oil of tur-
)entine, benzene, ether and CS2 CMoissan.
~ R 1902, 134 18 )

Potassium hydrosulphide, KSH

Very dehquescent, and sol m H20 with
gradual decomp Crystallizes with J^H20
Sol in alcohol

Potassium hydroxide, KOH

Very dehquescent, and sol in H20 with
evolution of much heat 100 pts KOH, ex-
posed over H20 at 16-20° take up 460 pts
H20 m 56 days (Mulder )

1 pt KOH dissolves m 0 5 pt cold H2O (Lowitz)
in 0 47 pt cold H20 (Bmeau C R 41 509) m 1 pt
H2O (Abl )

Solubility of KOH m H20 at t°

G KOH per 100 g

t°

Solid phase

H20

solution

—22

3 7

3 6

Ice

—20 7

22 5

18 4

—65 2

44 5

30 8

—36 2

36 2

26 6

KOH 4H20

—32 7

77 94

43 8

—33

80

44 4

KOH4H2O+KOH

—23 2

85

45 9

KOH 2H2O

0

97

49 ?

10

103

50 7

15

107

51 7

20

112

52 8

30

126

55 76

32 5

135

57 44

KOH2H O+KOH

HiO

50

140

58 33

KOH H2O

100

178

64 03

125

213

68 06

143

311 7

75 73

(Pickering;, Chem Soc 1893, 63 908 )

100 pts KOH are sol in 93 4 pts H2O at

15° or 100 pts H2O dissolve 107 pts KOH at
15° Sp gr =15355 at 15°

762

POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE

All higher values found in solubility tables
axe incorrect (Ferchland, Z anorg 1902,
30 133)
100 g sat aq solution at 15° contain
50 48 g KOH (de Forcrand, C R 1909,
149 719)
Sat KOH+Aq boils at 157 7° (Griffiths),
340° (Gerlach)

B -pt of KOH+Aq containing pts KOH to
100 pts H20

Sp gr of KOH + Aq

%K*0

Sp gr

%K20

Sp gr

%K20

Sp gr

2 44
4 77
7 02
9 20
11 28
13 30
15 38
17 40
19 34
21 25

1 02
1 04
1 06
1 08
1 10
1 12
1 14
1 16
1 18
1 20

23 14
24 77
26 34
27 86
29 34
30 74
32 14
33 46
34 74
3o 99

1 22
1 24
1 26
1 28
1 30
1 32
1 34
1 36
1 38
1 40

37 97
40 17
42 31
44 40
46 45
48 46
50 09
51 58
53 06

1 42

1 44
1 46
1 48
1 50
1 52
1 54
1 56
1 58

(Richter )

Sp gr of KOH+Aq at 15° a = sp gr if % is
K20, b = sp gr if % is KOH

B-pt

Pts KOH

B pt

Pts KOH

105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
195
200
205
210

0

20 5

34 5
46 25
57 5
67 5
76 8
85 0
92 5
99 8
108 5
114 05
121 7
129 35
137 0
144 8
152 6
160 4
168 2
176 5
185 0
193 5
202 0

215°

220
225
230
235

240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
310
320
33C
340

210 5
219 8
230 0
240 9
251 9
263 1
274 4
285 7
298 5
312 5
328 0
343 5
359 0
375 0
391 0
408 2
425 5
444 4
484 0
526 3
571 5
623 6

%

a

b

%

a

b

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

1 010
1 020
1 030
1 039
1 048
1 058
1 068
1 078
1 089
1 099
1 110
1 121
1 132
1 143
1 154
1 166
1 178
1 190
1 202
1 215
1 230
1 242
1 256
1 270
1 285
1 300
1 312
1 326
1 340
1 355

1 009
1 017
1 025
1 033
1 041
1 049
1 058
1 065
1 074
1 083
1 092
1 110
1 111
1 119
1 128
1 137
1 146
1 155
1 166
1 177
1 188
1 198
1 209
1 220
1 230
1 241
1 252
1 264
1 278
1 288

31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60

1 370
1 385
1 403
1 418
1 431
1 445
1 460
1 475
1 490
1 504
1 522
1 539
1 564
1 570
1 584
1 600
1 615
1 630
1 645
1 660
1 676
1 690
1 705
1 720
1 733
1 746
1 762
1 780
1 795
1 810

1 300
1 311
1 324
1 336
1 349
1 361
1 374
1 387
1 400
1 411
1 425
1 438
1 450
1 462
1 472
1 488
1 499
1 511
1 527
1 539
1 552
1 565
1 578
1 590
1 604
1 618
1 630
1 641
1 655
1 667

(Gerlach, Z anal 26 464 )

Sp gr and b-pt of KOH+Aq according to
Dalton

%K20

Sp gr

B pt

%K20

Sp gr

B pt

4 7
9 5
13 0
16 2
19 5
23 4
26 3
29 4
32 4
34 4

1 06
1 11
1 15
1 19
1 23
1 28
1 33
1 36
1 39
1 42

100 56°
101 11
101 66
103 33
104 44
106 66
109 44
112 22
115 56
118 89

36 8
39 6
42 9
46 7
51 2
56 8
63 6
72 4
84 0
100

1 44
1 47
1 52
1 60
1 68
1 78
1 88
2 00
2 2
2 4

123 89°
129 44
135 56
143 33
160 00
188 22
215 56
315 56
red heat

(Calculated by Gerlach Z anal 8 279,
after Zimmermann, N J Pharm 18, 2 5, and
Schiff, A 107 300 )

Sp gr ofKOH+4.qat 15°

&p gr of KOH +Aq at 15

%K20

Sp gr

% KaO

Sp gr

% KaO

Sp gr

0 568
1 697
2 829
3 961
5 002
6 224
7 355
8 487
9 619

1 0050
1 0153
1 Oo60
1 0369
1 0478
1 Oo89
1 0703
1 0819
1 0938

10 750
11 882
13 013
14 145
15 277
16 408
17 540
18 671
19 803

1 1059
1 1182
1 1308
1 1437
1 1568
1 1702
1 1839
1 1979
1 2122

20 935
21 500
22 632
23 764
24 895
26 027
27 158
28 290

1 2268
1 2342
1 2493
1 2648
1 2805
1 2966
1 3131
1 3300

%KOH Sp gr

% KOH Sp gr

4 2 1 0382
8 4 1 0776
12 6 1 1177
16 8 1 1588

21 0 1 2008
25 2 1 2439
29 4 1 2880

(Zimmerman N J Pharm

18 2 5

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE

763

Sp gr ofKOH+Aq at 15°

Sp gr ofKOH+Aq
% KOH 6 87
Sp gr 20720° 1 0601
Le Blanc and Rohland. Z
19 272)

KOH 4- An containing: eai

1210
11025
phys Ch

nal nts of

1896,
KOH

% KOH

Sp gr

% KOH

Sp gr

10
20
30
40

1 077
1 175

1 288
1 411

50
60
70

1 539
1 667
1 790

(Gerlach, Z anal 27 275, calculated from
Schiff, A 107 300)

Sp gr of K2O+Aqat 15°

%K20

Sp gr

% KaO

Sp gr

5
10
15
20
25

1 054
1 111
1 171
1 231
1 294

30
35

40
45

1 358
1 428
1 500
1 576

(Hager, Adjumenta vana, Leipsic, 1876 )

Sp gr of KOH+Aq at 20° containing 2
mols KOH to 100 mols H2O

(Nicol, Phil Mag (5) 16 122 )

Sn gr of KOH+Aq at 15°

05325

K§H

Sp gr

KO°H

Sp gr

K&

Sp gr

52

1 53822

34

1 33313

16

1 14925

51

1 52622

33

1 32236

15

1 13955

50

1 51430

32

1 31166

14

1 12991

49

1 50245

31

1 30102

13

1 12031

48

1 49067

30

1 29046

12

1 11076

47

1 47896

29

1 27997

11

1 10127

46

1 46733

28

1 26954

10

1 09183

45

1 45577

27

1 25918

9

1 08240

44

1 44429

26

1 24888

8

1 07302

43

1 43289

25

1 23866

7

1 06371

42

1 42150

24

1 22849

6

1 05443

41

1 41025

23

1 2183S

5

1 04517

40

1 39906

22

1 20834

4

1 03593

39

1 38703

21

1 19837

3

1 02671

38

1 37()8b

20

1 18839

2

1 01752

37

1 36586

19

1 17855

1

1 OOS34

36

1 3548>

18

1 16875

0

0 99918

35

1 34396

17

1 1589S

(Pickering, Phil M ig 1S94, (5) 37 375)

Sp gr of N solution at 18°/4° = 10481

(Loomib, W Ann 1890, 60 55( )

id H20 freezes at — 54° (Guyton-Morveau,
cn-K 2,1 18)

KOH is completely miscible with NaOH
and with RbOH in both the hquid and the
3ohd states (Hevesy, Z phys Ch 1910, 73
667)

Insol in liquid NH8 (Franklin. Am Ch

1898,20 828)

Abundantly sol in strong alcohol or wood-
spirit

See below under KOH+2H20

Readily sol in glycerine

Sol in not less than 25 pts of ether
(Boullay ) Sol m much more than 25 pts of
ether (Connell )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1904, 37 3601 )

Insol in acetone Readily sol m fusel
oil

Insol in acetone and in methjlal (Eid-
mann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Sol in aqueous solution of manm be (Favre,
A ch (3) 11 76 )

The composition of the hydrates formed by
KOH at different dilutions is calculated from
determinations of the lowering of the fr-pt
produced by KOH and of the conductivity
and sp gi ofKOH+Aq (Jones, Am Ch J
1905. 34 337 )

+2H20 Very deliquescent, and sol in
H2O with absorption of much heat

100 g sat solution in H2O at 30° contain
55 75 g anhyd KOH (de Waal, Dissert
1910)

Solubility of KOH+2H20 m alcohol +Aq at
30°

% KOH

(/L alcohol

% H20

55 75

0

44 25

54 81

0 43

44 76

*

31 0

57 50

11 50

2S 99

65 07

5 94

27 67

69 92

2 41

27 20

73 01

negative

26 25

81 98

cc

*Sep irates into two layers

(de Waal, Dissert, 1910 )
+4H20

764

POTASSIUM HYDROGEN TITANIUM IMIDE

Potassium hydrogen titanium ctemde,

rp_ / XTTT\ TVT TV"

Solubility

of KI in 100 pts , etc — Continued

111 JNJtlJJNJKL

t°

Pts KI

t°

Pts KI

t°

Pts KI

Decomp bv H9O and alcohol Insol in

all ord

indifferent organic solvents

(Ruff,

57

174

78

191

99

208

B 1912, 45 1371 )

58

175

79

192

100

209

59

175

80

192

101

210

60

176

81

193

102

211

Potassium iodide, KI

61

177

82

194

103

212

Deliquescent only in very moist air Very
sol in H2O with absorption of heat
The temp of H2O can be lowered 24° by
dissolving KI (Baup )
140 pts KI dissolved in 100 pts H20 at
10 8° lower the temp 22 5° (Rudorff, Pogg
136 276 )

62
63
64
65
66
67
68

178
179
180
180
181
182
183

83
84
85
86
87
88
89

195
196
197
197
198
199
200

104
105
106
107
108
109
110

213
213
214
215
216
217
218

100 pts H2O dissolve 126 6 pts KI at 0°
(Kremers), 1278 pts KI at 0° (Mulder),
127 9 pts KI at 0° (Gerardin )
By boiling, 100 pts H20 dissolve 221 pts
KI at 120° (Baup), 2222 pts KI at 120°
(Gay-Lussac), 222 6 pts KI at 118 4° (Mul-
der), 223 58 pts KI at 117° (Legrand), 223 6
pts KIatll7° (Gerardin)
Between these temps the solubility in-

69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77

184
184
185
186
187
188
188
189
190

90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98

201
202
202
203
204
205
206
207
208

111
112
113
114
115
116
117

219
220
220
221
222
223
223 6

creases

proportional to temp

(Mulder, calculated from his own and other

Sol in 0 735 pt HaO at

12 5° in 0 709 pt H 0 at

observations, Scheik Verhandel

1864 63)

16° in C

7 pt Hs

0 at 18C

* in 0 4£

> pt H20

at 120°

(Graham

Otto)

100 pts KI+Aq sat at 15 16° contain 58 07 pts KI

(v Hauer J pr 98, 137 )
100 pts H20 at 12 5° dissolve 136 pts at 16° 141

Solubility of KI in 100 pts H20 at t°

pts KI (Baup)
100 pts HaO at 18° dissolve 143 pts KI at 120° 271
pts (Gay Lussac )

t°

Pts KI

t

Pts KI

t°

Pts KI

Sol in 079 pt

H20 at

0° in 0 70 pt HaO at 20°

-22 65

107 2

21 05

143 3

71 1

183 5

in 0 63 pt H2<J at 48° in 0 57 pt H2O at 60° in 0 53
pt HaO at 80° in 051 pt HsO at 100° (Kremers
Pogg 97 15 )

-22 35
-16 8

106 6
111 1

25 6
29 1

146 6
149 6

74 75
81 6

185 6
192 0

-11 35

116 3

37 3

156 7

86 35

194 6

Sol in 0 71 pt H2O
221 89 ^

at 15°

(Eder, Dmgl

-5 9
0

120 4
126 1

42 3
45 75

160 3
163 6

93 5

100 7

200 3
205 6

/

+3 25

130 1

51 8

167 6

110 2

216 1

9 55

134 0

55 05

169 1

113 7

218 8

12 75

137 1

60 55

173 4

Solubility of KI in

100 pts

H20 at t°

12 9

137 9

65 0

178 3

t°

Pts KI

t°

Pts KI

t

Pts KI

(Coppet, A ch (5) 30 417 )

0

127 9

19

143 4

38

159

1

128 7

20

144 2

39

160

2

129 6

21

145 1

40

160

Solubility is represented by a straight line

3

130 4

22

145 9

41

161

of the formula 126 23+0 8088t (Coppet )

4

131 2

23

146 7

42

162

5

132 1

24

147 5

43

163

6

132 9

25

148 3

44

164

7

133 7

26

149 1

45

164

Solubility of KI in 100 pts H2O at high temp

8

134 5

27

149 9

46

165

t°

Pts KI

I ts KI

9

135 3

28

150 7

47

166

10

136 1

29

151 5

48

167

124

233 9

144

264 b

11

137 0

30

152 3

49

168

133

249 3

175

310 4

12

137 8

31

153

50

168

13

138 6

32

154

51

169

(Tilden and Shenstone, Phil Trans 1884 23 )

14

139 4

33

155

52

170

15

140 2

34

156

53

171

16
17
18

141 0
141 8
142 6

35
36
37

156
157
158

54
55
56

172
172
173

If solubility S =pts KI in 100 pts solution,
S = 5584-0122t from 0° to 165° (Etard,
C R 98 1432)

POTASSIUM IODIDE

765

Sat KI+Aq contains % KI at t°

Sp gr of KI+Aq at 21°

t°

%KI

t°

%KI

ft

Sp gr

fl

Sp gr

&

Sp gr

-21

-21
-21
-19
-15
-9
0
+21
44
72

50 7
51 0
51 2
52 2
53 2
54 5
56 9
59 3
60 8
64 3

78
96
150
151
175
176
190
193
213

64 8
66 9
70 6
70 9
71 6
72 7
73 8
74 5
75 7

1
2
3

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

1 0075
1 0151
1 0227
1 0305
1 0384
1 0464
1 0545
1 0627
1 0710
1 0793
1 0877
1 0962
1 1048
1 1136
1 1226
1 1318
1 1412
1 1508
1 1605
1 1705

21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40

1 1807
1 1911
1 2016
1 2122
1 2229
1 2336
1 2445
1 2556
1 2699
1 2784
1 2899
1 3017
1 3138
1 3262
1 3389
1 3519
1 3653
1 3791
1 3933
1 4079

41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60

1 4224
1 4371
1 4520
1 4671
1 4825
1 4982
1 5142
1 5305
1 5471
1 5640
1 5810
1 5984
1 6162
1 6343
1 6528
1 6717
1 6911
1 7109
1 7311
1 7517

(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2, 542 )
Solubility of KI m 100 g H2O at t°

t°

g KI

t

g KI

-1
-5

122 2
119 8
117 4
115 1
75 8

-11 5
-9 5
-7
-6
-5

£4 7
51 5
42 6
34 4
25 7

-4
-10
-14

(Schiff, A 110 75 )
Sp gr of KI+Aq S = according to Schiff

(A 108 24<Y> fl.t. 9,1 ° TfsA.rtftnrriinnr f-.n RVAm^rs

(Meusser, Z anorg 1905, 44 80 )

102 70 pts by weight are contained m 100
cc KI+Aq sat at 25°, or 59 54 pts m 100 g
of solution, sp gr =1 7254

94 05 pts by weight are contained m ICO cc
KI+Aq sat at 0°, or 56 34 pts m 100 g of
solution, sp gr =1 6699 (Walden, Z phys
Ch 1906, 55 715 )

Solubility of KI m H2O at low temperatures

t

A KI

Solid pha.80

t

% KI

Solid phase

-12 5

38

Ice

-22

52 1

KI

-15

41 2

-20

52 6

{

-17 5

44 6

-15

53 5

1

-20

48

-10

54 5

1

-22 5

51 2

- 5

55 4

i

-23 2

51 9

+KI

0

56 4

t

(Kremann and Kershbaum, Z anorg 1907,
56 218)

149 2(> p KI dissolve in UK) g H () at 25°
(Amadon ind Pimp mini, Rend Ace line
1QH, V, 20 47 i)

6039 g in 100 g KI+Aq bit at 25°
( Pai sons and Wmttomore, J Am Chem Soc
1911, 33 1934 )

56 1 g m 100 g KI+Aq s«?t at 0°, 60 35 g
m 100 g KI+Aq sat at 30° (Van Dam
and Donk, Chem Weekbl 1911,8 848)

(Pogg 96 62), interpolated by Gerlach (Z
anal 8 285 )

5 10 15 20 25 30% KI,
S 1 038 1 079 1 123 1 171 1 279

K 1 038 1 078 1 120 1 166 1 218 1 271

35 40 45 50 55 60% KI
S 1483

K 1 331 1 396 1 469 1 546 1 636 1 734

Sp gr of KI+Aq at 18°

&

Sp gr

2

Sp gr

KI

Sp gr

5
10
20

1 0363
1 0762
1 1679

30
40
50

1 273
1 3966
1 545

55

1 630

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )
Sp gr of KI+\q at 18°

%KI

Sp gr

1 044
5 0

1 0062
1 0363

(Giotnan, W Ann 1883, 18 191 )

Sp gr at 16°/4° of KI+Aq containing
32 4875% KI = 1 30238 ffechonrock, Z phys
Ch 1893, 11 781 )

KI+Aq containing 935% KI has sp gr
20720° = 1 0726

KI+Aq containing 11 35% KI has sp gr
20°/20° = 1 0892 (Le Blanc and Rohland, Z
phys Ch 1896, 19 278 )

766

POTASSIUM IODIDE

B -pt of KI+Aq containing pts KI to 100
pts H20

Sol in liquid S02 (Walden, B 1899, 32
2864)
Solubility in S02 decreases with rise of
temp (Walden, Z phys Ch 1903, 42 456 )
Insol in liquid C02 (Buchner, Z phys
Ch 1906, 54 674 )
Very easily sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin.
Am Ch J 1898, 20 829 )
Hydrazine dissolves 135 7 pts KI at 12 5-
13° (de Bruyn, R t c 1899, 18 297 )

100 pts alcohol of 0 85 sp gr dissolve 18 pts KI
at 12 5° 100 pts absolute alcohol dissolve 2 5 pts

B pt

Pts KI

B pt

Pts KI

B pt

Pts KI

185°
195
205
215
220

101°
102
103
104
105
106
107

15
30
45
60
74
87
99 5

108°
109
110
111
112
113
114

111 5
123
134
145
155
165
175

115
116
117
118
118 5

(Gerlach, Z anal 26 439 )

Sat KI+Aq boils at H90 (Kremers )
Sat KI+Aq forms a crust at 1175°, and
contains 210 pts KI to 100 pts H2O, highest
temp observed, 118 5° (Gerlach, Z anal
26 426)

100 pts alcohol of D sp gr at 0° dissolve
at 18°—
D 0 9904 0 9851 0 97*6 0 9665 0 9528

1305 1194 1001 899 76 9 pts KI,

D 0 9390 0 9088 0 8464 0 8322

66 4 48 2 114 62 pts KI

Solubility of KI in I2+Aq at 25°

KI mol /I

I g atoms/1

pres«
then
abso
So
gr a

8°
674

6 15
6 23
6 40
6 36
6 33
6 24

0 00
3 64
11 11
13 16
13 2
17 03

That is, aqueous alcohol dissolves approxi-
mately the same amount of KI that the water
present in the alcohol would dissolve, and it is
therefore probable that KI is msol in strictly

solute alcohol (Gerardin )

Solubility m 100 pts alcohol of 0 9496 sp

(Abegg, Z anorg 1906, 50 428 )

Solubility of

in H20 at 25°

2

%l

Solid
phase

&

%l

Solid
phase

29 45
28 91
26 84
27 18
27 14

64 34
63 88
66 54

err u

66 60

KH-KI8

u

KI8+KI7

u

u

25 88
25 57
27 86
27 27
26 95
25 71

68 79
69 01
66 56
66 91
67 17
67 91

KI,+IS

tl

KL

It

KI7

a

(Foote and Chalker, Am
564)

See also under Iodine

Ch J 1908, 39

13° 25° 46° 55° 62°
692 751 847 875 902 pts
(Gerardin, A ch (4) 5 155 )

KI

Sol in 6P3 pts absolute alcohol (Eder,
Dmgl 221 89), in 370 pts ether (sp gr
0729), (Eder, I c), m 120 pts alcohol-ether
(1 1), (Eder, I c )

Sol m 10-12 pts 90% alcohol, and 40 pts
absolute alcohol (Hager, Comm 1883 )

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
165 pts at 20 5°, 100 pts absolute ethyl
alcohol dissolve 1 75 pts at 20 5° (de Bruyn,
Z phys Ch 10 783)

Solubility of KI m methyl alcohol +Aq at 25°

P = % by wt of alcohol m alcohol +Aq
S = Sp gr of alcohol + Aq sat with KI
L = millimols KI in 100 ccm of the solu-
tion

KI+Aq sat at 14 5° containing 139 3 pts
KI to 100 pts H2O dissolves 1 0 pt K2SO4
with separation of 2 2 pts KI, so that solution
contains 137 6 pts KI and 1 0 pt K2S04 to
100 pts H2O (Mulder, Rotterdam, 1864 )

100 pts H2O dissolve 86 3 pts KI and 2 1
pts Na2SO4 at 14 5° (Mulder, J B 1866
67)

Sol in AsCl3, SnCl4 and POCJS (Walden,
Z anorg 1900,25 214)

Attacked by dry liquid N02 with liberation
of I2 (Frankland, Chem Soc 1901, 79 1361

p

S 25° /4°

I

0
10 6
30 8
47 1
64 0
78 1
98 9
100

1 7213
1 b34
1 460
1 325
1 185
1 066
0 9700
0 9018

620
555
431
335
243
169
113
80

(Herz and Anders, Z anorg 1907, 55 274 )

POTASSIUM IODIDE

767

Solubility of KI in CH3OH

G = g KI m 100 g of the solution
ti = temp of complete solution
t2 = temp at which salt begins to separate
out

G

ti

ta

8 64

266°

12 95

0°

14 2

20

14 6

262

14 97

25

19 2

85

256

26 8

115

242

28 9

144

229

29 6

188

196

33 0

(Centnerszwer, Z phys Ch 1910, 72 432 )
Solubility of KI in methyl alcohol at t°

At room temp 1 pt KI by weight ib sol m
6 pts rm thyl alcohol D16 0 7990
16 " (thyl " D15 08322
219 " piop>l " D15 08160

(Rohlind, Z moig 1898,18 325)

Solubility in mixtures of methyl and ethyl
ilcohol at 25°

P = % methyl alcohol in the solvent
G =g KI in 10 ((in of the solution
S = Sp gi of the sat solution at 25

I

c

S2,/4

0 00

0 IT)

0 SO 15

4 *7

0 191

0 8041

10 40

0 225

0 S071

41 02

0 494

0 8295

80 09

1 Oli

0 8794

84 77

1 072

0 8795

91 25

1 184

0 8908

100 00

1 316

0 9018

(Herz and Kuhn, Z anorg 1908, 60 155)

Solubility in mixtures of methyl and propyl
alcohol at 25°

P = % propyl alcohol in the solvent
G = g KI in 10 ccm of the solution
S = Sp gr of the sat solution

P

G

S 25°/4°

0
11 11
23 8
65 2
91 8
93 75
100

1 316
1 096
0 854
0 262
0 060
0 058
0 043

0 9018
0 8823
0 8629
0 8187
0 8045
0 8041
0 8041

(Herz and Kuhn )

Solubility in mixtures of propyl and ethyl
alcohol at 25°

t°

g Kim 100
g alcohol

t°

g KlinlOO
g alcohol

* — 70 propyi aiconoi in une solvent
G =g KI in 10 ccm of the solution
S = Sp gr of the sat solution

15
30
50
80
100
120
140
160

14 50
16 20
18 9
22 5
25 0
27 2
29 2
30 6

180
200
220
240
245
247
250
252 5*

30 7
29 1
27 5

24 8
22 6
21 0
13 8
7 6

p

G

S 25°/4°

0
8 1
17 85
56 6
88 6
91 2
95 2
100

0 155
0 146
0 137
0 075
0 052
0 049
0 044
0 043

0 8015
0 7983
0 7991
0 7988
0 8022
0 8027
0 8029
0 8041

""Critical temp of solution
(Tyrer, Chem Soc 1910, 97 626 )

(Herz and Kuhn )

100 g methyl ilcohol dissolve 18 04 g KI
at 25°

100 g ethyl alcohol dissolve 2 16 g KI at
25°

100 g propyl deohol dissolve 0 43 g KI
at 25°

100 g isnimyl ileohol dissolve 0 09 g KI
it 25°

(Turner and Bissett, Chem Soc 1913, 103
1909)

()45r g is sol m 100 g propyl alcohol
(Schlimp, 7 phys Ch 1S94, 14 276)

Alcoholic solution can be mixed with 3/2 vol
cthir without pptn

100 g 95% formic acid dissolve 382 g
KI at 18 5° (Aschan, Chem Ztg 1913, 37
1113)

768

POTASSIUM IODIDE

Solubility in organic solvents at t°

C = pts by wt of KI in 100 com of the
sat solution

L — no of litres which at the saturation
temp hold in solution 1 mol KI

S = sp gr of the solution at t°, referred to
H20 at t°

p = pts by wt of KI in 100 g of the solu-
tion

Solvent

t°

C

L

S

P

Water

25°

102 70

0 162

1 7254

59 54

0°

94 05

0 177

1 6699

56 32

Methyl alcohol

25°

13 48

1 231

0 9003

14 97

25°

14 26

0°

11 61

1 430

0 «Qf»4

10 QK

Ethyl alcohol

25°

1 520

10 92 ) ~ •

0°

1 197

13 87 i * *

Glycol

25°

45 85

0 3621 ' t

25°

47 23

0 351 )

0°

43 28

0 383

1 3954

31 03

Acetomtnle

25°

1 551

10 70

25

1 590

10 44

0 7936

2 003

0°

1 852

9 00

0 8198

2 259

Propiomtnle

25°

0 316

52 53)

0 7821

0 404

25

0 355

46 76 JO

0°

0 344

48 26 ) f

0 8005

0 429

0

0 412

40 29 )

Benzomtrile

25°

0 051

325 5

1 0076

0 050

Nitromethane

25

0 349

47 56

1 1367

0 307

25°

0 289

57 44

0°

0 366

45 36

1 1627

0 315

0°

0 314

52 87

Nitrobenzene

25°

0 0019

87 40

Acetone

25°

1 038

16 0

0 7968

1 302

0°

1 732

9 58

0 8227

2 105

Furfurol

25°

5 93

2 80

1 2014

4 94

0°

15 10

1 10

Benzalctehyde

25°

0 343

48 4

1 0446

0 328

Sahcylaldehyde

25°

0 549

30 24

1 1373

0 483

0°

1 257

13 21

1 1501

1 093

Amsaldehyde

25°

0 720

23 06

1 1180

0 644

0°

1 520

10 92

1 1223

1 355

Ethyl acetate

25°

0 0013

12 80

Methyl cyan

acetate

25

2459

6 75

1 1358

2 165

0°

3 256

5 10

1 1521

2 827

Ethyl cyan

acetate

25°

0 888

18 7

1 0579

0 839

25°

1 090

15 23

1 0678

1 021

(Walden, Z phys Ch 1906, 56 715 )

Insol in CS2 (Arctowski, Z anorg 1894.
6 257)

Sol in benzomtnle (Naumann, B 1914.
47 1369)

Difficultly sol in methyl acetate (Nau-
mann, B 1Q09, 42 3789 )

Sol in ethyl acetate (Casaseca, C R 30
821)

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1910, 43 314)

Insol in ethylamme (Shinn, J phys
Chem 1907, 11 538 )

100 pts acetone dissolve 2 930 pts KI at
25° (KrugandM'Elroy,J Anal Ch 6 184)

Sol in acetone, insol m methylal (Eid-
mann, C C 1899 II 1014 )
3 08 pts sol in 100 pts acetone at —2 5°
2 38 " " " 100 ' " ' +22°
1 21 " " " 100 " " ' 56°

0 26 " " " 100 " pyiidine " 10°
0 11 " ' " 100 " " " 119°
(Laszczynski, B 1894, 27 2287)

Freely sol in glycerine Insol in acetic
acid (Berthemot )

Sol in 3 pts glycerine, insol in olive oil
(Cap and Garot )

100 g glycerol dissolve 40 g KI at 15 5°
(Ossendowski, Pharm J 1907, 79 575 )

Potassium Iraodide, KI3

Very deliquescent, very sol in H20 and
alcohol (Johnson. Chem Soc 1877, 1
249)

Solution of I m KI contains this salt (see
KI) Decomp by heat or shaking with CS2,
ether, chloroform Sol in alcohol, from
which CSa does not remove I ( Jorgensen, J
pr (2) 2 247)

Potassium penodide

SolubJity determinations show that the
compds KI3 and KI7 are the only penodides
of potassium which form solids at 25°

See under KI+I (Foote and ChaJJcer,
Am Ch J 1908, 39 566 )

KI? See above

Potassium mercuric iodide ammonia,

K2HgI4, 2NH3
(Peters, Z anorp 1912, 77 188)

Potassium silver iodide, KI, Agl

Sol in KI+Aq Sol m hot alcohol
(Boullay. A ch 34 377 )

2KI, Agl, Sol in KI+Aq Decomp by
H20 (Boullay)

Hygroscopic (Hellwig, Z anorg 1900, 25
180)

3KI, Agl Decomp by H20 (Ditte, C R
93, 415 )

KI, 2AgI Sol in methylethylketone
(Marsh, Chem Soc 1913, 103 783 )

Potassium silver po/2/iodide, AgK3Ii2, 3KI +
5H2O

Very deliquescent (Johnson, Chem Soc
33 183)

Potassium tellurium iodide
See lodotellurate, potassium

Potassium thalhc iodide, KI, T1I3

Decomp by H2O Can be crystallized from
alcohol (Willm )

SKI, 2T1I3+3H20 Partially decomp by
H2O (Rammelsberg )

Potassium (tin) stannous) iodide, KI, SnI2-f-

When treated with a small quantity of H2O,
KI dissolves out, but when more H2O is
added, the substance is completely dissolved
More sol in warm than cold alcohol (Boul-

lay)

POTASSIUM SULPHIDE

769

^otassium zinc iodide, KI, ZnI2

Very deliquescent (Rammelsberg. Pogg
3 665)

K2ZnI4-f2H20 Hydroscopic (Fphraim.

1 anorg 1910, 67 382 )

^otassium iodide sulphur dioxide, KI, S02
(Pochard, C R 1900, 130 1188 )
KI, 4S02 (Walden, Z phys Ch 1903,

2 439)

KI, 14S02 (Walden )

^tassium nitride, K2N
Decomp violently by H20 (H Davy )

'otassium ruthenium dihydromtrosobromide,

Ru2H2 NOBr8, 2HBr, 3KBr
Ppt (Bnzard, A ch 1900, (7) 21 362 )

'otassium ruthenium mtrosochlonde.

Ru2H2NOCl3, 3KC1, 2HC1
SI sol in H20 (Bnzard, C R 1899, 129
16)

^tassium sw&oxide
Decomposes H20

Does not exist (Lupton, Chem Soc 1876,
565)

>otassium oxide, K20
Very sol in H20 with much heat
See Potassium hydroxide

»otassium ctooxide, K202

Deliquescent Sol in H2O

Forms compound K 02, 2H202 (Schone,
L 193 241)

»otassmm pet oxide, K2O4

Deliquescent Vciy sol with decomp in
1,0

*otassium silicon oxyfluonde, SiF2(OK)2 and

SiO(F)OK
(bchiff and Bccjn, A Suppl 4 33 )

*otassium tantalum oxyfluonde, K/Ta^Fn
Insol in boiling water 1< isily sol in HF -f
q (Marign ic, A ch (4) 9 268 )

'otassium phosphide, KP3

Decomp by H/) (Toanms, C C 1894,
[ 834)

KP5 labily d(comj) by H2O (Hugot,
1 R 1895, 121 208 )

'otassium hydrogen phosphide, PH2K
Decomp by H2O (Joannis, C R 1894,
19 558)

'otassmm phosphoselemde, KSeP = K2Se,

P,Se

Sol in cold H2() with rapid decomp Sol
i alcohol with slight decomp (Hahn, J pr

3 430)

Potassium phospholnselemde, 2K2Se,

P2Se8

Deliquescent Decomp violently with H2O
Sol in alcohol or ether, or in a mixture of the
two, with slight decomp , but decomp gradu-
ally on the air (Hahn, J pr 93 430 )

Potassium phosphopertfaselenide,

P2Se6

Deliquescent, immediately decomp by
H2O, alcohol, or ether (Hahn )

Potassium phosphosulphide, 4K2S2, P2SS
Deliquescent Sol in H2O with decomp

Potassium selenide, K2Se

Sol in H20 with subsequent decomp on the
air

Insol in liquid NH3, sol in air free H20
to a colorless liquid (Hugot, C R 18Q9,
129 299)

+2H2O Sol in H20 with decomp
(Clever, Z anorg 1895, 10 143 )

+9, 14, or 19H20 (Fabre, C R 102
613)

Potassium te^raselenide, K2Se4
Easily sol in H20 Decomp on standing
Sol in liquid NH8 (Hugot, C R 1899,

129 299)

Potassium wowosulphide, K2S

Deliquescent Sol in H20 and alcohol
H20 solution decomp on air

Sol in 10 pts glycerine (Cap and Garot,

J Pharm (3) 26 81 )
IK
Am Ch J 1898, 20 829 )

Mojdcrately sol _m liquid NH3 (Franklin,

(Eid-

Insol in acetone and in methylal
mann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)

+5H20 (Schone, Pogg 131 380 )

All potassium sulphides are sol in glycerine,
insol in ether and ethyl acetate

Potassium cfosulphide, K2S2

Sol in H2O and alcohol, with giadual de-
comp

Potassium /nsulphide, K2Ss

Sol m H20 and ilcohol, with gradual de-
coinp on the an

Potassium /e/rasulphide, K2S4
Sol in HjO and alcohol
-f-2H2O Sol in H2O bl sol in alcohol
-f 8H2O Sol in H20 Alcohol takes out

water (Schone )

e, K2Sg
Sol in H20 and alcohol

770

POTASSIUM PALLADIUM SULPHIDE

Potassium palladium sulphide
See Sulphopalladate, potassium

Potassium platinum sulphide
See Sulphoplatinate, potassium

Potassium silver sulphide,

4Ag2S, K2S+2H2O

Decomp by H20 (Ditte, C R 1895, 120
91)

Potassium rhodium sulphide, 3K2S, Rh2S8
Decomp by H20 (Leidie* )

Potassium tellurium sulphide
See Sulphotellurate, potassium

Potassium thallium sulphide, K2S, Tl2Ss

Not decomposed by H2O, or hot NH4OH, or
EOH+Aq Decomp by HC1 or moderately
cone H2SO4+Aq Hot HN08+Aq decomp
with separation of S (Schneider. J pr 110
168)

Potassium tin (stannic) sulphide
See Sulphostannate, potassium

Potassium zinc sulphide, K2S, 3ZnS

Not attacked by H2O, but easily decomp
by the most dil acids (Schneider, J pr (2)
8 29)

Potassium tellunde, K2Te

Sol in H20 (Demargay, Bull Soc (2)
40 99)

Sol in H20 and liquid NH3 (Hugot, C R
1899, 129 388 )

Praseocobaltic chlonde,

Co(NH3)4Cl3-fH20

Easily sol inH20

Dil HCl+Aq dissolves traces, cone HC1+
Aq dissolves more Sol in NH4OH+Aq with
decomp Sol in cone H2SO4 without de-
comp SI sol in dil H2S04+Aq (Rose)

mercuric chlonde, Co(NH8)4Cl8, HgCl2

SI sol in cold H20, msol ni HgCl2+Aq
(Vortmann, B 15 1892)

chlonde efochromate,

Scarcely sol in cold, easily sol in warm
H20 (Vortmann, B 15 1897)

JPraseocobaltic chloride nitrate.

CoCl2CNH8)4N08+H20
Much less sol in H20 than the chlonde
Precipitated from aqueous solution by dil
HNOa+Aq (Vortmann, B 16 1896)

Praseodymicotungstic acid

Ammonium praseodymicotungstate,

2(NH4)20, Pr208, 16W08+16H20
Very si sol in H20 Decomp by acids
and alkalies (E F Smith, J Am Chem
Soc 1904,26 1478)

Barium praseodymicotungstate, 4BaO, Pr208,
16W08+7H20

Ppt Insol m H20

6BaO, Pr203, 16W08+9H20 Ppt (E F
Smith)

Silver praseodymicotungstate, 4Ag20, Pr2O8:

16W08+8H20
Insol inH20 (E F Smith)

Praseodymium, Pr

Praseodymium bromide, PrBr8+6H20
Very sol in H20 , sol in HBr (von Schule
anorg 1898, 18 353 )

Praseodymium carbide, PrC2

Decomp by H20, msol in cone HNOj
decomp by dil HN08 (Moissan, C R
1900, 131 597 )

Praseodymium chlonde, PrCls

Very sol in H20 Insol in PC18 or SnCl4
Sol in alcohol Insol in ether and most or
game solvents (Matignon, C R 1902, 134
427)

2 14 g PrCl8 dissolve in 100 g pyridine a
15° (Matignon, Int Cong App Cbem 190Q
2 53)

+H20

+3H20

+7H20 100 g H2O dissolve 3342 g
PrCl8+7H20 or 1039 g of the anhydroui
salt at 13° The aqueous solution sat ai
14° has a sp gr 16°/16° = 1 687 At 100°, the
solubility in H20 is unlimited (Matignon
A ch 1906, (8) 8 388 )

Sol in cone HC1 (von Schule, Z anorg
1898, 18 352 )

100 pts of a solution of the salt m HC1+A(
contain at 13°. 41 05 pts of anhydrous sal
and 7 25 pts HC1 Sp gr of this solution a
16° = 1574 f Matignon, A ch 1906, (8) 8
388)

Praseodymium hydride, PrH8 (?)
(Muthmann, A 1904, 331 59 )

Praseodymium hydroxide

Sol in citne acid (Baskenolle, J Am
Chem Soc 1904,26 49)

Praseodymium nitride, PrN

Decomp in moist air with evolution o
NH8 (Muthmann, A 1904, 331 59 )

RADIUM EMANATION

771

Praseodymium oxide, Pr203

Easily sol in H20 (v Welsbach, M 6
477 )

Decomp by heating m the air (Scheele,
Z anorg 1898, 17 322 )

Praseodymium wowoperoxide, Pr(OH)2 H20
(Mebkoff, Chem Soc 1902, 82 (2) 140 )

Praseodymium s?/peroxide, Pr(OH) (OOH)
Ppt (Mehkoff, C C 1902, I 172 )

Praseodymium Znswperoxide, Pr(OOH)3
Ppt C Mehkoff )

Praseodymium peroxide, Pr407

Sol in acids with evolution of 0 (v
Welsbach )

Praseodymium oxysulphide, Pr2SO2
(Biltz, Z anorg 1911, 71 436 )

Praseodymium cfosulptude, PrSi

Decomp by heat (Biltz, Z anorg 1911,
71 437)

Purpureocobaltic salts

For other purpureocobaltic salts, see —
Chloropurpureocobaltic salts
Bromopurpureocobaltic salts
Nitratopurpureocobaltic salts
Sulphatopurpureocobaltic salts

Purpureocobaltic cobalticyamde,

Co(NH3)6Co(CN)e+lHH20
Insol m H20

femcyamde, Co(NH3)5Fe(CN)0

Insol in cold H^O Probably belongs to
roseo series

mercuric hydroxycblonde,

CoN5H11(HgCl)<1(HgOH)Cl3

Ppt (Vortmann and Morguhb. B 22
2645)

CoN6Hu(KgOn)4Cl3 Ppt (V and M )

— — mercuriodide, basic,

CoNfiHn(HgI2)2(HgOH)3I3
Ppt SI sol in acids Sol m KI-f-Aq
(Vortmann a,nd Borsbach, B 23 2804 )

— molybdate, Co2Os(NH3)io, 7MoO3+

3H20 (?)

Insol inH2Oordil HCJSsOa+Aq (Cai-
aot, C R 109 109)

• sulphate

See Sulphatopurpureocobaltic salts

tungstate, Co(NH3)5O(W04)

Scarcely sol in cold or hot H20 (Gibbs )
Co203(NH3)io, 10W03+9H20 (?) Insol

in H20, or dil HC2H802+Aq, or NH4OH-f-
Aq CCarnot, C R 109 147 )

Purpureocobaltic vanadate, Co2O3(NH3)1o,

5V206+9H20 (?)

Ppt Insol m H2O (Carnot, C R 109
147)

Purpureocobaltic octamme salts
See Octamme cobaltic purpureo salts

Pyrosulphunc acid, H2S2O7

See jDisulphunc acid
Radium, Ra
Radium A

More sol than Radium B and C m all
solvents, sol even in organic solvents espe-
cially CS2 (Ramstedt, Le Radium, 1913, 10
159) .

Radium B

More quickly sol than Radium C in H^O
and acids, less quickly sol in alkaline solu-
tions, very si sol in organic solvents (Ram-
stedt, Le Radium, 1913, 10 159 )

Radium C

Sol in common acids, less so in alkaline
solutions and in H20, only very si sol in
organic solvents (Ramstedt, Le Radium,
1913, 10 159, Chem Soc 1913, 104 (2) 659 )

Radium bromide

Less sol in H2O than corresponding Ba
comp (Curie, Dissert 1903 )

Radium chloride

Less sol m H20 than corresponding Ba
comp (Curie, Dissert 1903 )

Radium emanation

Coefficient of absorption for H20 = 0 245 at
3°, 0 23 at 20°, 0 17 at 40°, 0 135 at 60°, 0 12
at 70°, 0 12 at 80° (Hofmann, Phys Zeit
1905, 6 339 )

Solubility m H2O at t°
Coefficient of solubility = cone of the
emanation m the liquid cone of the emana-
tion in the gas

t°

Coefficient of solubility

0

0 506

4 3

0 424

5 7

0 398

10 0

0 340

14 0

0 303

17 6

0 280

20 0

0 245

26 8

0 206

31 6

0 193

39 I

0 160

Coefficient of solubility m sea-water of
sp gr at 14° = 1 022 is 0 255

(Bo\le, Phil Mag 1Q11, (6) 22 850 )

772

RHODICYANHYDRIC ACID

Solubility in H20

Temp 05° 175° 35° 41°
Sol 0526 0283 0183 0161

Temp
Sol

60° 74° 79° 82°
0127 0112 0111 0111
(Kofler, M 1913, 34 389 )

51°
0138

91°
0108

Coefficient of solubility of radium emana-
tion at 14° in various solvents

Ethyl alcohol
Amyl alcohol
Toluene
Sea water
Mercury

7 34
9 31
13 7
0 255
0

(Boyle, Phil Mag 1911, (6) 22 851 )

Coefficient of solubility emanation of radium
in various solvents at t°

Solvents

t=18°

t=0°

111-

Ethyl acetate

7 35

9 41

13 6

Acetone

6 30

7 99

10 8

Absolute

alcohol

6 17

8 28

11 4

Aniline

3 80

4 43

Benzene

12 82

16 54 at 3°

Chloroform

15 08

20 5

28 5

Cylclohexane

18 04 at 80°

Water

0 285

0 52

Ether

15 08

20 09

29 1

Glycerine

0 21

Hexane

16 56

23 4

35 2

Paraffine oil

9 2

12 6

Carbon-

bisulphide

23 14

33 4

50 3

Toluene

13 24

18 4

27

Xylene

12 75

(Ramstedt, Le Radium, 1911, 8 255 )

Solubility in various oils, etc , at t°

Rape oil

Poppy seed oil

Oil of turpentine

t°

Solubility

t°

Solubility

t°

Solubility

-3
10
20
100
200

51 2
35 3
26 1
6 2
3 3

-5
16
40
65
90

50 5
30 2
19 1
12 4
8 4

-21
0
18
50
6 5

42 5
23 1
16 6
7 5
4 08

Solubility in 10% dammar resin in oil of
turpentine = 16 7 at 18°

Solubility in 5% colophony in amyl
alcohol = 11 2 at 20°

Solubility in amyl alcohol = 10 6 at 18°

Solubility in 20% colophony in amy]
alcohol = 11 Iat20°

(Curie, Thesis 1910 )

Coefficient of absorption for petroleum =
22 70 at -21°
12 87 at +3°
9 55 at 20°
8 13 at 40°
7 01 at 60°
(Hofmann, Phys Zeit 1905, 6 339 )

Rhodicyanhydric acid, H3Rh(CN)6
Not known in the free state

Potassium rhodicyamde, K3Rh(CN)e
Sol in H20 Easily decomp by acids
Very sol in H20 (Leidie*, C R 1900, 130

89)

Rhodium, Rh

Insol in all acids, including aqua regia
Rhodium "sponge" is sol in HNOa+Aq,

and somewhat in HCl+Aq when exposed to

air

Rhodium ammonia compounds
See—
Bromopurpureorhodium comps ,

Chloropurpureoruodium comps ,

ClRh(NH3)5X2
Iodopurpureorb.odmm comps ,

lRh(NH3)fiX2

Luleornodium comps , Rh(NH3)eX3
Witratcpurpureorhodium comps ,

(N03)Rh(NH3)5X2

Roseoihodium comps , Rh(NH3)6(OH2)Xs
Xanthorhodium comps /N02)Rh(NH3)5X2

Rhodium Znbronude, RhBr3-|-2H20

Very sol in H20 (Goloubkine, Chem
Soc 1911, 100 (2) 45 )

Rhodium rubidium bromide
See Bromorhodite, rubidium

Rhodium sodium bromide
See Bromorhodite, sodium

Rhodium dichlonde, RhCl2 (?)

Insol m H20, HC1, or HN03+Aq Not

attacked by boiling KOH or K2CO3+Aq

(Fellenberg )

Decomp by boiling KOH + Aq (Berzekus )
Does not exist (Leidie*, C R 106 1076

Rhodium Znchloride, RhCl3

Insol m acids, even aqua regia When
boiled for a long time with KOH+Aq, it be-
comes si sol in HCl-fAq

Insol in H20 and acids, sol in alkalies -f-Aq
(Leidie*, C R 18%, 129 1251 )

+4H20 Very si deliquescent Easily sol
in H20, HCl+Aq, or alcohol Insol in ether
Decomp by H2SO4 only when boiling (Claus,
J pr 80 282)

REODOCHROMIUM SULPHATE

773

No definite amount of crystal H20 (Leidie*
ch (6) 17 271 )

Jtiodium chloride with MCI
See Cblororhcdite, M

Jhodium efahydroxide, RhO2, 2H20, or
Rhodium rhodate, Rh20c, Rh03+6H2O
Sol in HCl+Aq

Jiodium sesguihydroxide, RhgOoHe
Only si sol in cone HCl+Aq (Glaus )
+2H2O Easily sol in HC1, H2S04, H2S08,
ENOS, or HSCN+Aq, also when moist, in
[C2H302+Aq Sol mconc KOH+Aq.very
L sol in H8B03, H8P04, H2C4H4O6, and HCN
-Aq Sol in acid alkali oxalates+Aq
Leidie*, C R 107 234 )

thodmm tfraodide, RhI3
Ppt (Goloubkine, Chem Soc 1911. 100

2)45)

Lhodium monoxide, RhO
Not attacked by acids
ray, A ch (3) 61 83 )

(Deville and De-

Lhodium seso/moxide, Rh2O3
Insol in H20, boiling KOH+Aq, or any
cid, even aqua regia (Glaus )

Uaodwm dioxide, Rh02
Insol m all acids or alkalies

Lhodium ^noxide, Rh03
"Rhodic acid " Known only m solution of
Potassium rhodate," which is very easily
ecomp (Glaus )

Uiodium oxybromide, Rh(OH)2Br+2H2O

Sol m H2O (Goloubkmc, Chem Soc
911, 100 (2) 45 )

Lhodtum raow;sulphide, RhS
Insol in iqua rcgi i

Lhodium

Sol m alkali sulphide b+Aq (Dtbiay, C
i 97 13 i2)

Insol in ilkali sulphide s+Aq Not at-
ackcd by HNOj, iqua icgia, 01 Br^-f^Vq
Leidi4, Bull bo( (2) 50 (H)4 )

Uiodium sodium sulphide, 3Na,.S, Rh2Ss
Decomp by H2O (I (idi<§ )

thodium sesguisulphydroxide, Rh2boH6

Easily sol m aqua regia or Br2 + Aq Insol
a alkali sulphides +Aq or acids (Leidie*,
kill Soc (2) 50 664 )

Rhodochromium bromide,

HOCr2(NH8)ioBr6+H20
Rather difficultly sol uiH20 Decomp by
boiling or standing Sol in NH4OH+Aq
or NaOH+Aq Insol in dil HBr+Aq,
KBr+Aq, or alcohol (Jorgensen, J pr (2)
25 321 )

bromide, basic, HOCr2rNH8)10(OH)Br4

+H20

SI sol in H20 Sol in NH4OH or NaOH+
Aq Insol m alcohol ( Jbrgensen )

bromoplatinate, HOCr2(NH3)ioBr8PtBr6,

HOCr2(NH3)10Brs(PtBr6)2+4H20
Ppt ( Jorgensen )

chloraurate, HOCr2(NH3)ioCl3(AuCl4)2

+2H20

Dm^icultly sol but not msol in H20 CJor-
gensen)

chlonde, HOCr2(NH3)10Cl6+H2O

Sol in about 40 pts of cold H2O Insol m
cold dil HCl+Aq, NH4Cl-f Aq, or alcohol
Sol in NH4OH+Aa f Jorgensen, J pr (2)
25 321 )

— — chloroiodide. basic,

HOGr2(NH3)10(OH)Cl2I2
SI sol m cold H20, msol in alcohol
(Jorgensen )

chloroplatinate, HOCr2(NH3)i0Cl3PtCl6,

HOCr2(NH?)ioCl(PtCl6)2+4H20
Precipitate ('Jorgensen )

dithionate, [HOCro(NH3)io]2(S206)5+

2H20

Nearly msol in H20

dithionate, basic,

HOCr (NH3)10OH(S206)2+H2O
Insol m H2O, cold NH4OH-fAq, 01
NaOH+Aq

iodide, HOCr2(NH3)10Ia+H2O

Very difhcultly sol m H2O Insol m very
dil HI+Aq 01 alcohol fel sol in NH4OH 01
KOH+Aq (Jorgensen)

— nitrate, HOCr2(NH3)io(N03)

Riither difhcultly sol in H/), from which
it is procipit itfHl by a few drops of HNO3 +
Aq Sol m hot dil NH4OH+Aq

nitrate chloroplatinate,

HOCrj(NHs)io(NO,)(PtCl«) 4-4H O
Piecipitate (Jorgensen )

Rhodochromium sulphate,

[HOCr2(NH3)1o]2(S04)5-f2H20
Very si sol m cold H20 Easily sol m
cold dil H2S04+Aq

774

REODONITROUS ACID

Almost insol m a mixture of 3 vols H20,
1 vol alcohol, and Vt vol dil H2S04+Aq
( JSrgensen )

Rhodomtrous acid

Ammonium rhodomtnte, (NH4)6Rh2(N02)i2
Nearly insol in cold, si sol in hot H20
Insol m cone ]NH4C1 or NH4C2H802+Aq
Insol in alcohol (LeidiS, C R 111 108)

Barium rhodomtnte, BasRh2(N02)i2

SI sol m cold, more easily in hot H20

(Lamy )

+]2H2O Sol in 50 pts H20 at 16°, and

6 5 pts at 100° (Leidi£, C R 111 108 )

Potassium rhodomtnte, K6Rh2(N02)]2

Nearh insol in cold, verv si sol in boiling
H2O Completely insol in KNO2+Aq, and
in KCl+Aq (30% KC1), or KC2H802+Aq
(50% KC2HSO2) Insol m alcohol (Leidi<5,
C R 111 106)

Sodium rhodomtnte, Na<jRh2(NO2)12

Sol in 2J£ pts H20 at 17°, and 1 pt at
100° Insol in alcohol Decomp hy HC1+
Aq (Leidie*, C R 111 107 )

Rhodosochromium bromide

Sol in H20, insol in dil HBr+Aq (I 1)
(Jorgensen, J pr (2) 45 260 )

, Cr2(NH8)6(HO)3Cl3j
(Jorgensen )

uuoraura,ie, ^i

2AuCl3+2H20
Not insol in cold H20

chloride, Ci2(NHs)6(HO)3Cl8+2H20

Sol ni 106 pts H20 at 18°. decomp by
boiling Pptd bv Ji fco 1 vol dil HCl+Aq
Sol in cold dil NH4OH4-Aq (Jorgensen, J
pr (2) 45 260 )

chloroplatmate, 2Cr2(NH3)6(OH)3Cl3,

3PtCl4+6H20

Insol in H2O (Jorgensen )

Cr2(NH3)6(OH)sCl8, 2PtCl4+2H2O Insol
in 95% alcohol (Jorgensen )

chromate, [Cr2(NH3)6(OH)3]2(Cr04)s+

7H20 (Jorgensen )
Very si sol in H20 (Jorgensen )

iodide, Cr2(NH8)6(OH)3I3+2H2O

Sol in H2O Insol m dil HI+Aq (Jdr-
gensen )

nitrate, Cr2(NH3)6(OH)3(NO3)8+H2O

Much less sol in cold H20 than the chloride
Insol m dil HN03+Aq (Jorgensen )

oxalate,

[Cr2(NH8)6(OH)3J2(C204)(HC204)4+
2H2O

Sol m cold H20, but not very easily (Jor-
gensen )

Rhodosochromium sulphate,

[Cr2(NH3)6(OH)3]2(S04)8+5H20
Very si sol in cold H20 Easily sol m dil
NH4Cl+Aq (Jorgensen )

[Cr2(NH3)6(OH)3]SO,,HS04+lMH20 De-
comp by H20 into H2S04 and above com-
pound (Jorgensen )

— persulphide, [Cr2(NH3)«fOE[)3]2Sn+

4H20
Ppt Insol in H20 (Jorgensen )

Rhodosulphunc acid

Potassium rhodosulphate, K6Rh2(S04)fl
Two modifications

fa) Slowly sol in cold, easily in hot H2O
(b) Insol m H20
Does not exist (Leidi^, C R 107 234 )

Sodium rhodosulphate

Insol in H20, HC1, HN08, or aqua regia
(Claus )

Does not exist (Leidie* )

Na2Rh2(S04)4 Insol m H20 (Seubert
andKobb^,B 23 2560)

Rhodosulphurous acid

Potassium rhodosulphite, K6Rh2(S03)5-f-

6H20

Nearly insol in H2O Slowly sol in acids
Not decomp by boiling KOH-f-Aq (Claus )

Sodium rhodosulphite.

Na6Rh2(S03)6+4^H20 =3Na2S03,

2RhS03

Insol in cold, very si sol in hot H2O
Easily sol m HNX)3+Aq (Seubert and
Kobb<§, B 23 2558 )

Roseochromium bromide,

CKNH3)5Br8+H20

Easily sol in H20 Insol m HBr+Aq
(Christensen, J pr (2) 23 26 )

bromochromate, Cr(NH3)6Br(CrO4)

Somewhat sol m H20, but decomp on
standing (Jorgensen, J pr (2) 25 398 )

bromoplatinate, Cr(NH3)6Br(PtBr6) +

2H20

Precipitate Difficultly sol mH20 (Chris-
tensen, I c )

— chloride, Cr(NH3)5Cl3+H2O

Easily sol in H20 with subsequent decomp
Insol m alcohol (Christensen, J pr (2) 23
26)

mercuric chloride, Cr(NH3)5Cl3, 3HgCl2

+2H20

SI sol m H20 Sol in dil HCl+Aq with
decomposition (Christensen, I c )

ROSEOCOBALTIC MERCURIODIDE

775

toseochronuum dithionate, basic,

Cr(NH3)5(OH)2S206+H2O
Easily sol in very dil HCl+Aq (Jorgen-
en, J pr (2) 25 3<>8 )

iodide, Cr(NH8)BI8

Easily sol in H20, decomp by boiling
Chnstensen, I c )

nitrate, Cr(NH8)6(N08)3+H2O

Rather easily sol in H20 (Chnstensen,

Cr(NH8)6(N08)3(OH2)2, HNO8 Decomp
y H20 or alcohol (Jorgensen, J pr (2) 44
3)

sulphate, [Cr(NH3)6]2(S04)8+5H2O

Easily sol in H20 Precipitated by alcohol
Chnstensen, I c )

sulphate bromoplatuiate,

[CrCN-H8)6(S04)]2PtBr6
Difficultly sol in H20 (Chnstensen, I c )

sulphate chloroplatanate,

[Cr(NH8)6(S04)]2PtCl6
Difficultly sol in H20 (Chnstensen, I c )

loseocobalfcc bromide,

Co(NH3)5(OH2)Br3

Sol in H20, insol in HBr+Aq (Jorgen-
en, J pr (2) 31 49 )3

bromoplatinate, Co(NH3)5(OH2)Br8,

PtBr4+H20

Somewhat sol m H20 or dil alcohol Insol
n strong alcohol (Jorgensen )

2Co(NH3)6(OH2)Br<J, 3PtBr4+4H/) Ppt
Jorgensen )

bromosulphate,

Co(NH3)6(OH2)Br(S04)
Sol mHjO (Krok)

bromosulphate bromaurate,

Co(Nn3)5(OH2)(S04)Br, AuBr3

carbonate

Vuy sol m IT O

chloraurate, Co(NH05(OH2)Cl3, AuCl3

Modcritdy sol in cold H20

chloride, Co(NH3)6(OH2)Cl3

Sol in 4 8 pts H2O at 10 1°, but docomp

m heating
100 pts H2O dissolve 16 12 pts at 0°, and

>4 87 pts at 16 19° (Kurnakoff, J russ Soc

>4 269 )
SI sol in 1000 pts fuming HCl+Aq, more

asily m 20% HCl+Aq (Rose )

Roseocobaltic mercunc chlonde,

Co(NHs)5(OH2)Cl8, 3HgCl2+H2O

More easily sol in solvents than the
anhydrous purpureo salt (Carstanjen )

Co(NH8)6(OH2)Cl8, HgCl2 Sol in HC1+
Aq with decomp into above salt ( Jdrgensen )

chloroplatmate,

CofNH8)5(OH2)Cls, PtCl4+J£E20

Decomp bv H20 ( JSrgensen )

2Co(3SrH8)5(OH2)Cl3, PtCl4+2H20 De-
comp by H20

2Co(NH8)5(OH2)Cl8, 3PtCl4+6H20 Not
difficultly sol m warm H20 (Gibbs )

Co(NH8) ,01,, PtCl4+H20 (Gibbs )

• chlorosulphate, Co(NH3)5Cl(S04)

Easily sol in H20

chlorosulphate mercunc chlonde,

Co(NH8)5Cl(S04), HgCl2+3H20
Sol in hot S20, and can be recrystalhzed
without decomp (Krok )

— — bichromate,

[Co(NH3)5l2(Cr207)8+5H20
Can be recrystalhzed out of weak acetic
acid

cobalticyanide,Co(NH8)5(OH2)Co(CN)6

Nearly absolutely insol m cold H20 (Jor-
gensen)

-fH2O (Gibbs and Gentele )

dithionate, Co(NH8)6(S206)(OH)

Decomp by H20 (Rammelsberg, Pogg
58 296)

Co(NH8)5(OH2)fS206)+2H20 Ppt (Jor-
gensen )

hydroxide, Co(NH )5(OH)3

Known only in aqueous solution

mercunc hydroxychlonde,

CoN6H12(HgOH)3Cl3

Ppt Sol in dil acids (Vortmann and
Morgubs, B 22 2646 )

CoN6H12(HgOH)8ClXOH) Ppt Sol m
dil acids (Vortmann and Morguhs )

— iodide, Co(NH3)5(OH2)T3

Less sol in H2O than bromide Insol in
HI + Aq (Jdrgensen )

lodosulphale, Co(NH3)6(OH2)I(SO4)
l mH/) (Krok)

- mercunodide, [CoN5Hi3]2(HgI)3I6
Ppt (Vortmann and Borsbach, B 23

2805)

CoN6H13(HgI) ,1, Ppt (Vortmann and

Borsbach )
CoN6H18(HgI)2I2fOH) Ppt

776

ROSEOCOBALTIC NITRATE

Roseocobaltic nitrate,

Co(NH8)5(OH2)(N03)8

Three modifications

a Sol in 20 pts H2O at 15° ( Jorgensen )

£ Known only in solution Insol in cold
HNOsH-Aq (Gibbs)

7 Easily sol in hob H20 (Gibbs ) (Pur-
pureo salt ?)

Co(NH8)6(OH2)(NO3)8, HN08 Decomp
by H2O or alcohol (JSrgensen, J pr (2) 44
63)

— nitrate chloroplatinate,

Co(NHs)6(OH2)(NO8)Cl2, PtCl4+H20
Ppt (Jorgensen )

nitratosulphate,

Co(NH3)6(OH2)(N03)(S04)
SI sol in cold, easily in hot H20

oxalate, [Co(NH8)6(OH2)]2(C204)8+

2H20

Nearly insol in H20
[Co(NH8)6]2(C204)8, 4H2C204

oxalochloroplatinate,

[Co(NH3)5]2C204Cl2, PtCl4
Sol in hot H20

oxalosulphate, [Co(NH3)5]2(S04)2C2O4,

H2C2O4+2H20

Sol in hot H20

[Co(NH8)8]2(S04)2(C2O4)(OH)2+6H20 SI
sol inH2O

or^ophosphate,

Co(NH3)6(OH2)(PO4H)(OH) +xHzO

Nearly insol in H20

[Co(NH8)5(OH2)]2(P04H)8-}-4H20 Very
si sol in cold H20, easily in H2O containing
HC1 (Jorgensen )

p2/roph.osphate,

[Co(NH3)5(OH2)]4(P207)3-hl2H20

Insol in H2O (Jorgensen )

Co(NH3)6(OH2)fP207Ma) +12H20 Nearly
insol in cold, easily sol in hot H20 containing
NH4OH (Jorgensen, J pr (2) 23 252 )

sulphate, [Co(NH8)5(OH2)KS04)3-f

3H20

Three modifications

o SI sol m cold H2O Sol in 58 pts at
27° (Gibbs), 83 5 pts at 202°, and 94 6 pts
at 172° (Jorgensen), more easily sol m hot
F2O, and still more easily in NH4OH-f- Aq

/3 Sol in 1-2 pts H2O (Gibbs )

7 Less sol than luteosulphate (Jorgen-
sen )

+2H20 Easily sol in H20 (Vortmann )

Roseocobaltic sulphate, acid,

[Co(NH8)5]2(S04) , 2H2S04+3H2O
(Fremy), or 4[Co(NH8)6]2(SO4)3, 9H2S04
•fllH20 (Jorgensen)

More easily sol in H2O than neutral sul-
phate, into which it is converted by recrystal-
hzation Sol in about 13 pts H20 (Jorgen-
sen)

— cerium sulphate,

[Co(NH8)6(OH2)]2(S04)3, Ce2(S04)8+

SI sol in cold, practically insol m boiling
H20 Sol in acids (Gibbs, Am Ch J 15
560)

[Cp(NH8)6(OH2)]2(S04)s, Ce(S04)2+
As above (Gibbs )

Ppt

— sulphate cHoraurate

Three modifications

a Co(NH8)6fOH3)(S04)Cl, AuCl3
(Jorgensen )

0 CofNHsWSOO, AuCl8+2H20 SI sol
in cold H20 (Gibbs )

7 As above Can be recrystalhzed from
hot H20

— sulphate chloioplatinate

2Co(NH8)6(OH2)(SO4)Cl2, PtCl4
Three modifications, all difficultly sol m hot
or cold H20 ( JSrgensen )

sulphite, [Co(NH8)6(OH2)]2(S08)8+H2O

SI sol in cold, decomp by hot H20

(Gibbs )

cobaltic sulphite,

[Co(NH3)fi]2(S03)3, Co2(S03)8+9H20
Insol m cold, decomp by hot H20 (Kun-
zel)

Roseocobaltic octamine compounds
See Roseotetramine cobaltic compounds

Roseoindium compounds

See Indoaquopentamine compounds

Roseorhodium bromide,

Rh(NH3)6(OH2)Br8
Sol m cold H20 (Jdrgensen, J pr (2) 34

Roseorhodium cobalticyamde,

Rh(NH3)6(OH2)Co(CN)6
Scarcely sol in H20

- icdosulphate, Rh(NH8)5(OH2)I(SO4)
Very si sol mH20, easily sol mNH4OHH-

Aq (Jorgensen )

- nitrate, Rh(NH8)6(OH )(NO,)S
Moderately sol in cold H2O (Jorgensen )
Rh(NH3)5(OH2)(N03)3, HNO8 Decomp

RUBIDIUM BROMIDE

777

by H20 or alcohol (Jorgensen, J pr (2) 44
63 )

Roseorhodium nitrate chloroplatinate,

[Rh(NH3)6(OH2)(N08)]2PtCl6+2H20
Ppt ( Jorgensen )

ort&ophosphate,

[Rh(NH8)5(OH2)]2(HP04)3+4H20
Very si sol in H20

sodium p2/rophosphate,

[Rh(NH3)6(OH2)]2NaP207H-23H20
Ppt Very si sol in cold H20 Easily sol
in very dil acids

sulphate,

lRh(NH3)6(OH2)2] (S04)3+3H20
Very si sol in cold, much more in hot H20

sulphate chloroplatinate.

Rh(NH3)6(OH2)(S04)PtCl6
Ppt Nearly insol in H20 01 alcohol

Roseotetramine cobaliac bromide,

Co(NHs)4(OH2)2Br8

Sol mH20,msol inHBr+Aq N early m-
sol in alcohol (Jorgensen, Z anorg 2 295 )

chlonde, Co(NH3)4(OH2)2Cls

Easily sol mH20, msof m cone HCl+Aq,
sol msit HgCl2+Aq (Jorgensen)

cobalticyanide,

Co(NH3)4(OH2)2Oo(CN)6
(Joigcnsen )

— oxalate sulphate,

[Co(NH3)4(OH2)2],(S04)2C 04
Ppt CJoigcnscn )

p2/7ophosphate,

[Co(NIU)4r""

Nciily insol in H2(), but easily sol in very
dil d,nds-|-Aq (Joigcnsui)

— — -- sulphate,

)j (S04),+3HaO
Sol in ibout J5 pts HO, ind more ( -xsily
by iddition of dil UC1 01 II S()4+Aq (Jor-
gensc n )

--- sulphate bromaurate,

SI sol in cold H2O, insol in alcohol
( Jdrgeris( n )

sulphate chloroplatinate,

[Co(NH3)4(OH )2]2(S04)2PtCl6
As the bromaurate (Jorgensen )

Rubidium, Rb2

Decomp H20 with violence Insol ui
hydrocarbons Sol m liquid NH3 (Seely,
C N 23 169), (Frankhn, Am Ch J 1898,
" 829)

Rubidium acetykde acetylene RbC2, C2H2

Very hygroscopic

Insol in CC14 and in ether (Moissan, C
R 1903, 136 1220 )

Rubidium amalgam, RbHgi2

Stable m contact with Hg below 0°
Above 0° the composition of the amalgam

vanes Can be cryst from Hg without de-

comp below 0° (Kerp, Z anorg 1900 26

68)

Rubidium amide, RbNH2

Very deliquescent Violently decomp by
H2O, less violently acted on by alcohol
(Titherley, Chem Soc 1897, 71 470 )

Rubidium ammonia, RbNH3

Decomp by H20

Very sol m liquid NH3 (Moissan, C R
1903, 136 1178 )

Rubidium azoimide, RbN3

SI hydroscopic

Stable in aq solution
107 1 pts are sol in 100 pts H2O at 16°
114 1 " " " ' 100 " H2O " 17°
0 182 " " " " 100 " abs alcohol at
16°

Insol in pure ether

(Curtius, J pr 1898, (2) 58 281 )

Rubidium bromide, RbBr

100 pts H20 dissolve 98 pts at 5°, 104.8
pts at 16° (Reisaig, A 127 33 )
Solubility in H20
100 pts of the solution contain at
0 5° 5 0° lb 0°

47 26 49 50 51 17 pts RbBr

W 7° 57 5° 113 5°

5(> 87 bO *<) ()7 24 ptb HbBi

(Ilimbvh, H 1905, 38 1557)

Sp gr of RbBr containing g equiv RbBr
per 1

C <qmv
HbBr

Sp ^r

() /(>

Sp t,r
18 /18

Sp fcr
30 /30

0 508
1 020
2 031
4 072

1 06448
1 12931
1 25622
1 50574

1 06389
1 12799
1 25366
1 50107

1 06326
1 12626
1 25187
1 49870

(Clausen, W Ann 1914, (4) 44 1070 )

778

RUBIDIUM BROMIDE

RbBrH-Aq containing 6 60% RbBr has
sp gr 20°/20° = 10525

RbBr-f Aq containing 14 36% RbBr has
sp gr 20°/20° = 11226

(Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phys Ch 1896,
19 279)

Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014)

Difficultly sol in acetone (Naumann,
B 1904, 37 4328 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)

Rubidium Mbromide, RbBr3

Very sol m H20, decomp by alcohol
and ether (Wells and Wheeler, Sill Am J
143 475)

Rubidium ruthenium bromide

See Bromoiuthenate and bromoruthemte,
rubidium

Rubidium selenium bromide
See Bromoselenate, rubidium

Rubidium tellurium bromide
See Biomotellurate, rubidium

*

Rubidium thallic bromide, RbBr, TlBr8+H20
Recryst from H20 unchanged (Pratt,

Am J Sci 1895, (3) 49 403 )

3RbBr, TlBrj+EW Very sol in H20

(Pratt )

Rubidium stannic bromide
See Bromostannate, rubidium

Rubidium bromochloiide, RbBr2Cl

Easily decomp , even by H20 (Wells and

Wheeler )

RbBrCla Sol mH20, decomp by alcohol

and ether (Wells and Wheeler )

Rubidium bromochloroiodide, RbBrClI

Sol in H2O and alcohol Decomp by ether
(Wells and Wheeler )

Rubidium bromoiodide, RbBr2I

Very sol in H2O Sat solution contains
about 44% RbBr2I, and sp gr =3 84 (Wells
and Wheeler )

Rubidium carbide, Rb2C2

Decomp violently by H20
C R 1903,136 1221)

(Moissan,

Rubidium chloride, RbCl

100 pts H20 dissolve 76 38 pts at 1° . 82 89
pts at 7° (Bunsen)

Solubility in H20 at t°
100 pts of the solution contain pts RbCl

t°

Pts RbCl

0 4
15 5
57 3
114 9

43 61
46 56
53 71
59 48

(Rimbach, B 1902, 35 1304 )
Solubility of RbCl in H2O at t°

t°

G RbCl per 100 g

t°

G RbCl per 100 g

HaO

Solution

H20

Solution.

0
10
20
30
40
50

77 0
844
91 1
97 6
103 5
109 3

43 5

45 8
47 7
49 4
50 9
52 2

60
70
80
90
100
112 9

115 5
121 4
1272
133 1

138 9
146 6

53 6
548
56 0
57 1
58 9
59 5

(Berkeley, Phil Trans Roy Soc 1904, 203,
A 189)

Sat RbCl+Aq at 25° contains 4857%
RbCl (Foofce, Am Ch J 1906, 35 242 )

Sp gr of RbCl+Aq containing; in 100 pts
H20

13 14 25 88 33 13 pts RbCl
1 1066 1 2156 1 2675 sp gr
(Tammann, W Ann 24 1885 )

A normal solution of RbCl has sp gr at

0610 (Wagner, Z phys Ch
5 39)

25° = 10610 (Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890,

RbCl+Aq containing 6 64% RbCl has
sp gr 20°/2C° = 10502

RbCl+Aq containing 1059% RbCl has
sp gr 20°/20° = 10815 CLe Blanc and Roh-
land, Z phys Ch 1896, 19 278 )

Sp gr 20°/4° of a normal solution of RbCl
= 1085405 (Haigh, J Am Chem Soc
1912,34 1151)

Sp gr of RbCl+Aq sat at t°

t°

Sp gr

t°

Sp fer

0 55
18 7
31 5

44 7

1 4409
1 4865
1 5118
1 5348

60 25
75 15
89 35
114*

1 5558
1 5746
1 5905
1 6148

* Boiling point

(Berkeley )

Sp gr of RbCl containing g equiv RbCl
perl

G equiv
RbCl

Sp gr
6°/6°

Sp «r
IS0/ 18°

^>P fcr
30 /30

0 5123
1 001
2 073
3 984

1 06410
1 08916
1 18200
1 34334

1 04538
1 08810
1 17959
1 33967

1 04503
1 08749
1 17828
1 33757

(Clausen, W Ann 1914, (4) 44 1069 )

RUBIDIUM URANYL FLUORIDE

779

Very si sol in liquid NHs (Franklin, Am
lh J 1898, 20 829 )
Solubility in alcohols at 25°
] 00 g methyl alcohol dissolve 141^
100 g ethyl alcohol dissolve 0 078 g
100 g propyl alcohol dissolve 0 015 g
100 g isoamyl alcohol dissolve 0 0025 g
(Turner and Bissett, Chem Soc 1913, 103
909)

Insol in anhydrous pyridme and in 97%
yndme+Aq Very si sol in 95% pyndine
f-Aq, si sol m 93% pyndme+Aq (Kah-
nberg, J Am Chem Soc 1908, 30 1107 )
Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B
909,42 3790) , acetone, (Naumann,B 1904.
7 4329), (Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014)

ubidium ruthenium Znchloride
See Chlororuthemte, rubidium

ubidium ruthenium telmchloride
See Chlororuthenate, rubidium

'ubidium oxyruthemum chlonde,

Rb2Ru02Cl4

Ppt , decomp by H20, sol m cold HC1
Howe, J Am Chem Soc 1901, 23 779 )

tubidium tellunum chJonde
See Chlorotellurate, rubidium

Rubidium thalhc chloride, 2RbCl, T1C13+
H20

Can be reoryst from H20 without change
Pratt, Am J Sci 1895, (3) 49 399 )

3RbCl, TICU Crystallizes from HC1 solu-
lon (Neumann, A 244 348 )

H-H,O Very sol m cold H2O (Pratt,
im J Sci 1S95, (})49 398)

-|-2H() Mflonsunt in dry air Sol m
5 pts Hj() it 18°, ind 16 pts at 100°
GoddTioy, /oitsohr <1 dllgem osterr
lpoth«kciv 1880 No 9)

Rubidium stannic chloride
Sec Chlorostannote, rubidium

fcubidium titanium chloride, 2RbCl, liCl

Sol in H/) (Stihlu, B 1904, 37 440S

iubidmm tungsten chloride, RbjV^Olg
SI sol in cold. moi( sol in hot H2O
Sol in vny (hi NiOH+Aq
Nearly msol in most orgimc solvents

Olsson, B 1913, 46 574 )

lubidium uranous chloride, Rb2UCl6
As K salt (Aloy, Bull Soc 1899, (3) 21
64)

tubidium uranyl chlonde, 2RbCl, (U02)C12

+2H20

Solubihty in H20
100 pts of the solution contain at
24 8° 80 3°

57 8 65 73 pts U02C12, 2RbCl
(Runbach, B 1904, 37 467 )

Rubidium vanadium chloride, Rb2VCl5
+H20

SI sol m H20 and alcohol

Decomp by H20 on standing so that it
dissolves (Stabler, B 1904, 37 4411 )

Rubidium zinc chlonde, 2RbCl, ZnCl

Fasily sol m H20 and HCl+Aq (Godef-
•roy, B 8 9 )

Rubidium chlonde selenium dioxide, RbCl,

2Se02+2H20

Sol in H20 (Muthmann, B 1893, 26
1013)

Rubidium chloroiodide, RbC^I

Properties are similar to those of RbBrCH
(Wells)

RbClJ Sol in alcohol, not attacked by
ether (Wells and Wheeler, Sill \m J 144
42)

Sol m POCls (Walden, Z anorg- 1900,
25 212)

Nearly msol mAsBi3 (Walden, Z anorg
1902, 29 374 )

Very stable, si sol m H20 at 0°, onl> very
si sol m HC1 (Erdmann, Arch Pharm
1894, 232 32 ) (C C 1894, I 670 )

Rubidium fluoride, RbF

Very sol in H20 (Eggeling, Z anorg

19100 g H20 dissolve 1306 g RbF at 18°
(de Forcrand, C R 1911, 152 1210)

Sol in dil HF (Penmngton, J Am Chem
Soc 1896, 18 57 )

Insol m liquid NH3 (Core, Am Ch J
1898, 20 829 )

Rubidium hydrogen fluoride, RbF, HF

Very deliquescent

Insol in alcohol and ethei (Chabne,
C R 1905, 140 91 )

Very hygroscopic Sol m H2O (Eggeling,
/ anorg 1905, 46 175 )

Rbt , 2HF Very si sol m H2O (Egge-
ling, Z anoig 1905, 46 176 )

Rubidium silicon fluoride
See Fluosilicate, rubidium

Rubidium tantalum fluoride
See Fluotantalate, rubidium

Rubidium uranyl fluonde, 4RbF, U02F2-|-

6H20
(Ditte, C R 91 115)

780

RUBIDIUM HYDRIDE

Rubidium hydride, RbH

Decomp by H20 with, evolution of H2
(Moissan, C R 1903, 136 589 )

Rubidium hydroxide, RbOE

Deliquescent, and very sol in HaO Sol
in alcohol (Bunsen )

Sat RbOH+Aq contains 64 17% RbOH at
15° (de Forcrand, C R 1909, 149 1344 )

Rubidium iodide, Rbl

100 pts H2O dissolve 137 5 pts at 6 9°,
152 pts at 17 4 ° (Reissig, A 127 33 )

Sat Rbl+Aq at 25° contains 61 93% Rbl
(Foote and Chalker, Am Ch J 1908, 39
567)

Sp gr of Rbl-hAa containing

5% 10% cold hot

sat sat

Sp gr 1 0353 1 0755 1 726 1 9629

(Erdmann, Arch Pharm 1894, 232 25 )

Sp gr of Rbl+Aq containing g equiv
Rbl per 1,

G equav
Rbl

Sp gr
6°/6°

Sp gr
18°/18°

Sp gr
30°/30°

0 510
1 025
2 025
j. m*

1 08347
1 16751
1 33012
1 64781

1 08268
1 16569
1 32637
1 64144

1 08226
1 16433
1 32531
1 63780

, W Ann 1914, (4) 44 1070 )

Nearly insol in AsBr3 (Walden, Z anorg
1902, 29 374)

Sol in AsCls (Walden, Z anorg 1900,
25 214), liquid S02 (Walden, Z anorg
1902, 30 161), S2C12 (Walden, Z anorg
1900, 25 217), S02C12 (Walden), POC13
(Walden )

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3789)

Solubility in organic solvents at t°
C = pts by wt of Ebl in 100 ccm of the sat

solution

L = no of litres which at the saturation

temp hold in solution 1 mol Rbl

Solvent

t°

C

L

Furfurol

25°

4 93

4 31

Acetomtrile

25°

1 350

15 73

K

0°

1 478

14 36

Propiomtrile

25°

0 305

69 61

u

0°

0 274

77 48

Nitrome thane

25°

0 518

41 00

u

0°

0 567

37 44

Acetone

25°

0 674

31 5

i

0°

0 960

22 1

(Walden, Z phys Ch 1906, 55 718 )

Rubidium Zmodide, RbI8

Very sol in H20 Sol in about Vs pt H20
at 20°, sol in alcohol Decomp by ether
(Wells and Wheller, Sill Am J 143 475 )

Solubility determinations show that Rblj
is the only polyiodide of rubidium formed at
25° RbI7 and RbI9, mentioned by Abegg
and Hamburger, (Z anorg 50, 403) could not
be obtained (Foote and Chalker, Am Ch
J 1908, 39 567 )

Rubidium silver iodide, 2RbI, Agl

Easily decomp by H20 (Wells and
Wheeler, Sill Am J 144 155)

Rbl, Agl+VaHsO (Marsh, Chem Soc
1913, 103 783 )

Rbl, 2AgI Not deliquescent

Very sol in acetone (Marsh, Chem Soc
1913, 103 783 )

Rubidium tellurium iodide
See lodotellurate, rubidium

Rubidium thallic iodide, Rbl, Tn8+2H20

Decomp by H20 (Pratt, Am J Sci
1895, (3) 49 403 )

Rubidium nitride,

Decomp by heat (Franz Fischer, B 1910,
43 1468)

See also Rubidium azoimide

Rubidium cfooxide, Rb02

Decomp by H20 (Erdmann, A 1897,
294 68)

Rubidium sulphide, Rb2S-f4H2O

Deliquescent, very sol in H2O
Z anorg 1906, 48 299 )

(Biltz,

Rubidium bisulphide, RboS^

Anhydrous

Sol m H2O

Very hydroscopic (Biltz, Z anorg 1906,
50 72)

+H20 From Rb2S2+Aq

Hydroscopic (Biltz )

Rubidium insulphide, Rb2Sa

Anhydrous

Sol in H20

Hydroscopic (Biltz, Z anorg 1906, 50
75)

+H20 From Rb2S3-t-Aq (Biltz )

Rubidium Zefrasulphide Rb2S4H-2H2O

Sol m H20 (Biltz, Z anorg 1906, 48
304)

Rubidium perctasulphide, Rb2S6
Deliquescent Decomp by H20
Very easily sol in 70% alcohol
Insol in Aether, ethyl sulphide or CHC13

(Biltz, B 1905,38 127)

RUTHENIUM NITROSOOXIDE

781

lubidium hydrogen sulphide, RbHS

Dehquescent, very sol in H2O (Biltz,
/ anorg 1906, 48 300 )

tubidium copper teZrasulphide, RbCuS4

Decomp very slowly in the air

SI sol inH20

Very slowly decomp by cold cone , more
apidly by hot cone , and still more rapidly
»y dil HC1, H2SO4 and HNO8 SI sol in
Jcohol (Biltz, B 1907, 40 978 )

luthemc acid

Janum ruthenate, BaRuO4+H20
Ppt (Debray and Joly, C R 106 1494 )

Calcium ruthenate, CaRu04
Ppt

Magnesium ruthenate, MgRu04
Ppt

Dotassium ruthenate, K2Ru04-fH2O
Very sol in H2O

3erruthemc acid

Dotassium perruthenate, KRuO4

SI sol in H20 (Debray and Joly, C R
L06 1494)

>odium perruthenate, NaRuO-i-f-HgO
SI sol inHjO

luthemum, Ru

Not attacked by acids, (xccpt aqua regia,
vhich dissolves it only veiy shghtlv (Glaus,
Dogg 65 218)

Ruthenium ammonium comps
Sec Ruthenor^amme comps, etc

Ruthenium /nbromide, HuBr3

Sol in JIjO Solution decompose b blowly
>n st Hiding, l)iit i ipidly on he itmg (Gut
)ur, / uioig 1005,45 17S )

Ruthenium /nbromide, ammonia,
2RuKn, 7NH3

Sol in H/) aid irnmoni i with hlight w um
ng

Inbol in alcohol (Gutbicr, Z anoig
L905, 45 182 )

Ruthenium cfochlonde, RuCl2

In&ol m acids, even m aqua ngia fel
ittacked by acids Traces are dissolved by
soiling with cone KOH-j-Aq

H-rcH2O Known only in aqueous solution
Glaus, A 59 238 )

Ruthenium inchlonde, RuCl3

Dehquescent Sol in H20 and alcohol, but
solution is decomp by heating into Ru203 and
HC1 (Claus )

Pure RuCls is insol in cold H20, mineral,
or organic acids Slowly decomp by boihn
H20 Insol in CC14, CS2, CHC13, PCI,, or
ether Slowly sol in hot absolute alcohol,
but decomp into Ru(OH)Cl2 by 95% alco-
hol (Joly, C R 114 292 )

Hydroscopic

Sol inH20, decomp at 50°

Sol m alcohol (Gutbier, Z anorg 1905,
46 174)

See also Ruthenium mtrosochlonde

Ruthenium tetracblonde, RuCl4
Sol in H20 and alcohol (Claus )

Ruthenium Znchloride with MCI
See Chlororuthemte, M

Ruthenium tetracblvnde with MCI
See Chlororuthenate, M

Ruthenium

Sol in acids, insol in alkalies Less sol
m NH^OH+Aq than any other oxide of the
Pt metals (Claus)

Ruthenium ^hydroxide, Ru04H4+3H20
Sol m acids and alkalies (Claus, A 69

237)

Contains NO Joly, C R 107 994)

Ruthenium ^nodide, RuI8

Ppt (Claus )

Insol m H2O, KI+Aq, and alcohol
(Gutbier, Z anorg 1905, 45 181 )

Ruthenium z'raodide ammonia,
2RuI3, 7NH3

Sol m H2O and ammonia with slight warm-
ing

Insol m alcohol (Gutbier, Z anoig
1905,45 1S2)

Ruthenium mtrosochlonde, RuCl3(NO) +

HA and 5H20

Slowly sol in cold, easily in hot H2O
(Joly, C R 108 855)

Ruthenium rfohydromtrosochloride,

NO RujHjCl,, 2HC1

Sol m H,0 (Bnzard, A ch 1000, (7)
91 ^53)

Ruthenium silver mtrosochlonde,

NO RusHUCls, 2HC1, 3AgCl
Ppt (Bnzard, A ch 1900, (7) 21, 357 )

Ruthenium rutrososesgmoxide, Ru203(NO)2

+2H20
Ppt (Joly, C R 108 854 )

782

RUTHENIUM BHTORONITROSOHYDROXIDE

Ruthenium cfahydrontfrosohy dioxide,

NO Ru2H2(OH)8-i-2H2O
SI sol in cold H20 with decomp (Bnz-
ard, A ch 1900, (7) 21 349 )

Ruthenium c&hydromtrosooxychloride,

NO Ru2H2Cl2OH+2H20
Ppt (Bnzaid, A ch 3900, (7) 21 349 )

Ruthenium monoxide, RuO

Insol in acids (Glaus, A 59 236 )

Ruthenium sesg-iuoxide, Ru208

Insol in acids Mixture of Ru and Ru02
(Debray and Joly, C R 106 1494 )

See Ruthenium mtrososes^iuoxide

Ruthenium dioxide, Ru02

Insol in acids (Debray and Joly )

Ruthenium Jnoxide,

"Ruthenic acid " Known only in its salts

Ruthenium tetfroxide, RuO 4

Rather difficultly and slowly sol in H20
(Glaus )

Decomp in aqueous solution into Ru20fi+
2H20 (Debray and Joly )

Ruthenium pentoxide, Ru205

(Debray and Joly, C R 106 1494 )
H-2H2O Ppt (Debray and Joly )

Ruthenium heptcmde, Ru207

" Perruthenic acid" Known only in its
salts

Ruthenium oxide, Ru400
(Debray and Joly )

Ruthenium oxychlonde, Ru(OH)Cl2

Very sol in H20, but decomp by an excess
(Joly, C R 114 293 )

Ruthenium silicide, RuSi

Insol in boiling acids, slowly attacked by
a mixture of fused KHS04 and KNO3
(Moissan, C R 1903, 137 231 )

Ruthenium insulphide, RuS8

Ppt (Antony, Gazz ch it 1900, 30 539 )

Ruthenomonamine hydroxide,

Ru(OH)2(NH3)2+4H20
See Ruthenosamine hydroxide

Ruthenodiamine carbonate,

Ru(N2H«)2C08-h5H2O
Easily sol in H20 Insol m alcohol '.
(Glaus )

Ruthenoefoamine chloride,
Ru(NoH6Cl)2+3H2O

Not very sol in cold, easily sol in hot H2O
Insol in alcohol

See Ruthenonitrosoefoamine comps

mercuric chloride, Ru(N2H6Cl)2, HgCl2

Nearly insol in cold, sol in hot H20
(Gibbs, SiU Am J (2) 34, 350 )

chloroplatmate, Ru(N2H6Cl)2, PtCl4

SI sol m H20 (Glaus )

hydroxide, Ru(N2H6OH)2

Known only m aqueous solution

-nitrate, Ru(N2H6NO3)2+2H20

Somewhat difficultly sol in cold, easily IE
hot H20 Insol in alcohol

sulphate, Ru(N2H6)2S04+4H20

Moderately sol in H20 Insol in alcohol

(Glaus )

Ruthenocyanhydnc acid, H4Ru(CN)6

Easily sol in H20 and alcohol Less sol
in ether (Glaus, J B 1855 444 )

Potassium ruthenocyamde, K4Ru(CN)6-j-

3H20

SI efflorescent Very sol in H20, si sol
in dil alcohol (Glaus )

Ruthenomtrosoefoamine bromide,

Ru(NO)(NH3)4Br3

SI sol in H20 (Joly, C R 111 969 )
Ru(NO)OH(NH8)4Br2 Less sol than cor
responding chloride (Joly, C R 108 300 )

chlonde, Ru(NO)(NH3)4Cl3

SI sol m H2O (Joly, C R 111 969 )
Ru(NO)OH(NH3)4Cl2 Sol m H 0

(Joly, C R 108 1300 )
Ru(NO)fNH3)4Cl3+2H20 =

Ru(NO)(OH)(NH3)4Cl2, HC1+H20 (?)

Very sol m H2O (Joly, C R 111 969 )

chloroplatmate

• chloroplatmate,
Ru(NO)OH(NH3)4PtCl6

Scarcely sol m boiling H20 (Jolv, C R
108 1300)

Ru(NO)(NH3)4Cl3, PtCl4 Ppt (Jolv,
C R 111 969)

iodide, Ru(NO)(NH3)4I3

SI sol m H2O (Joly, C R 111 969 )
Ru(NO)OH(NH3)4I2 Less sol than the

corresponding bromide (Joly, C R 108

1300)

nitrate, Ru(NO)(NH3)4(N03)3

More sol m H20 than

Ru(NO)(OH)(NH3)4(N03)2 (Joly, C R
111 969)

SCANDIUM HYDROXIDE

783

Ru(NO)OH(NH3)4(N03)2 SI sol in cold
ET20, insol in cone HN03+Aq (Joly. C R
'08 1300)

luthenonitrosocfoamme sulphate,

[Ru(NO)(NH3)4]2(S04)3+10H20
SI sol in H20 (Joly, C R 111 969 )

[Ru(NO)(NH3)4j4(S04)c, H2S04+H20 De-
omp by cold H20 (Joly )

Ru(NO)(OH)4(NH3)4S04-f-H20 Most sol
n H20 of this class of salts (Joly, C R
LOS 1300)

Ruthenomtrous acid

ruthenomtnte, RuH2(NC>2)4j
3NH4N02+2H20

Easily sol in H20, practically insol in
KCl+Aq (Bnzard, A ch 1900, (7) 21
J68)

Potassium ruthenomtnte,

K6Ru2(N02)12=6KN02, Ru2(N02)3

Easily sol in H20, alcohol, or ether
Gibbs, Sill Am J (2), 34 344 )

SI sol in H20 Easily sol in KN02+Aq
Glaus )

, 4KN02
/ery sol in H20 (Joly and Vezes, C R 109

>67)

, 8KN02 SI

jol in H20 Sol in cold dil acids (Joly
ind Vezes )

Ru2H2(N02)4, 3KN02+4H20 Very sol
n H2O Aqueous solution decomp si on
ong boiling Almost insol in cone KCl-f
\.q (Bnzard, C R 1899, 1?9 216 )

silver ruthenomtnte, NO Ru2H2(NO2)4,

3AgNO2+2H20
Ppt (Bnzard, A ch 1900, (7) 21 368 )

Sodium ruthenonitrite, Ru2(NO2)o, 4NaNO2 +

4H20

Very sol in H2O without decomp (Joly,
3 R 1894, 118 4(>9 )

Ruthenosamme hydroxide,

Ru(NH3OH)2+4H20 (?)
Very deliquescent, and sol in H2O (Glaus )

Samarium, Sm
The element has not been isolated

Samarium bromide, bmBr34-6Ji2O
Very deliquescent (Cleve )

Samarium carbide, SmC2

Decomp by water and acids (Moissan,
C R 1900, 131 925 )

Samarium dzchlonde, SmCl2

Decomp by H20 with liberation of H2 and
formation of samarium oxide and samarium
oxychlonde Insol in CS2, CHC18, benzene,
abs alcohol, pyndine and toluene (Matig-
non, C R 1906, 142 85 )

Samarium tfnchloride, SmCl3

The anhydrous salt is very hydroscopic
and easily sol in H2O (Matignon, C R
1902, 134 1309 )

Very sol in H20 Very sol in abs alcohol
6 38 g are sol in 100 grams pyndine at ord
temp , insol in quinokne (Matignon, A ch
1906, (8) 8 406 )

+3H20 Deliquescent

Samarium chloride ammonia, SmCl3+NHs,
+2NH3, +3NH5, +4NH3, +5NH8,
+8NH3, +9 5NH3, +11 5NH3
(Matignon, C R 1905, 140 143 )

Samarium fluonde,

Precipitate Insol in H20 and dil acids,
(Cleve )

Samarium iodide, SmI3

(Matignon, A ch 1906, (8) 8 413 )

Samarium hydroxide, Sn^fOEQe

Insol m alkalies, easily sol in acids, and
decomposes ammonium salts (Cleve, C N
51 145)

Samarium oxide, Sm203
Easily sol in acids (Cleve, C N 61 145 )

Samarium peroxide, Sm4O9
Precipitate (Cleve )

Samarium oxychlonde, SmOCl

(Matignon, A ch 1906, (8) 8 412 )

Samarium sulphide, Sm2S3

(Matignon, A ch 1906, (8) 8 415 )

Scandium, Sc

Element has not been isolated

Scandium bromide, Sc2Br6 +3H2O, and

+12H20
(Crookes, Roy Soc Proc 1908, 80 A, 518 )

Scandium chloride, Sc2Cl6, +3H20, and

+ 12H20
(Crookes, Roy Soc Proc 1908, 80 A, 518 )

Scandium hydroxide

Easily sol in cone HNO3 or HOl+Aq
(Crookes, Roy Soc Proc 1908, 80 A, 518 )

SCANDIUM OXIDE

Scandium oxide, Sc2O3

Sp gr of H2SeO4+Aq at 20° compared with

Easily so
HCl+Aq

1 by boiling with cone HN03 or

H20 at 4°
Wts corrected to vacuum

Scandium sulphide, Sc

A

Sp gr

HXVrs

Sp gr

H^O

Sp gr

%

Decomp

by H20 and by acids

with evolu-

zSetM

JlaSeCU

HsSeOi

tion of H2S

(Wirth, Z anorg 1914, 87 5 )

1 000

1 295

32 64

1 590

54 62

Selenantunomc acid

1 005

0 9

1 300

33 08

1 595

54 92

1 010

1 56

1 305

33 50

1 600

55 28

Sodium selenantimonate, Na8SbSe4+9E20

1 015

2 12

1 310

33 92

1 605

55 62

Sol in 2

pts cold HaO Insol

m alcohol

1 020

2 92

1 315

34 36

1 610

55 96

(Hofacker,

A 107 6)

1 025

3 62

1 320

34 82

1 615

56 30

SI sol in H2O. unstable (Pouget, A ch

1 030

4 16

1 325

35 26

1 620

56 60

1899, (7) 18 562 )

1 035

4 70

1 330

35 72

1 625

56 88

Selenantimonous ac d

1 040
1 045

5 32
6 08

1 335
1 340

36 10
36 43

1 630
1 635

57 20
57 48

Potassium

or^oselenantimonite, KaSbSes

1 050

6 66

1 345

36 88

1 640

57 70

Ppt Decomp by H2O (Pouget, A ch
1899 (7*) 18 560 }

1 055
1 060

7 34
7 92

1 350
1 355

37 34
S7 80

1 645
1 650

58 04
58 47

J.O«7<7, \l ] JiV vj\J\J J

1 065

8 56

1 360

38 24

1 655

58 86

Potassium

paraselenantimonite, K2Sb4Se7+

1 070

9 20

1 365

38 66

1 660

59 24

3H2O

1 075

9 82

1 370

39 10

1 665

59 56

SI sol in H2O. unstable (Pouget, A ch

1 080

10 44

1 375

39 50

1 670

59 74

1899, (7) 18 560 )

1 085

11 02

1 380

39 98

1 675

59 94

Sodium ortfioselenantimonite, NasSbSe3+

(\~r-f f\

1 090
1 095

11 62
12 20

1 885
1 390

40 06
40 66

1 680
1 685

60 18
60 36

9H2O

1 100

12 88

1 395

41 10

1 690

60 58

Very sol in H2O Aqueous solution on
standing deposits red crystals of sodium selen-

1 105
1 110

13 58
14 14

1 400
1 405

41 56
41 98

1 695
1 700

60 80
61 06

antimonate, Na8SbSe4+9H20 (Pouget, A

1 115

14 66

1 410

42 36

1 705

61 36

ch 1899, (7) 18 562 )

1 120

15 20

1 415

42 78

1 710

61 64

Sodium paraselenantamonite, Na2Sb4Ser

1 125

15 74

1 420

43 16

1 715

61 90

(Pouget,

A ch 1899, (7) 18 561 )

1 130
1 135

16 32
16 86

1 425
1 430

43 56

43 94

1 720
1 725

62 24

62 48

Selemc acid, HuSeC^

1 140

17 38

1 435

44 32

1 730

62 76

Very sol

m H20 with evolution of heat

1 145

17 90

1 440

44 52

1 735

63 06

If aqueous solution is evaporated at temp

1 150

18 44

1 445

45 00

1 740

63 32

of 165°, acid has 2 524 sp gr , at temp of

1 155

18 92

1 450

45 32

1 745

63 60

267°, acid has 2 60 sp

gr , at temp of 285°,

1 160

19 48

1 455

45 68

1 750

63 86

acid has 2 625 sp gr

Decomp

to H2Se03

1 165

20 02

1 460

46 04

1 755

64 04

at higher temp (Mitscherlich, Pogg 9 623 )

1 170

20 58

1 465

46 36

1 760

b4 24

By evaporation at 265°, acid of 2 609 sp
gr containing 95% H2SeO4 is obtained If

1 175
1 180

21 08
21 60

1 470

1 475

46 70
47 01

1 765
1 770

64 42
64 02

brought at

same temp

m vacuo over H2SO4.

1 185

22 22

1 480

47 32

1 775

64 84

acid of 2 627 sp gr with 97 5%

H2Se04 is

1 190

22 66

1 485

47 66

1 780

65 06

obtained

(Fabian, A

Suppl 1 243 )

1 195

23 18

1 490

47 98

1 785

65 28

Sp gr ofH2SeO4+Aq

1 200
1 205

23 70

24 26

1 495
1 500

48 28
48 54

1 790
1 795

65 48
65 66

% HaSeO*

Sp gr

% H-jSeO*

Sp gr

1 210

101 e

24 84

OK QA

1 505
Iein

48 92

AC\ QA

1 800

IorvK

65 90

i R 1O

99 73

2 6083

90 0

2 3848

ZLu

1 220

40 60
25 84

olU
1 515

4y ou
49 68

8Uo
1 810

oo 12
66 36

99 50

2 6051

89 0

2 3568

1 225

26 30

1 520

50 02

1 815

66 64

99 00

2 6975

88 0

2 3291

1 230

26 84

1 525

50 34

1 820

6b 90

98 5

2 5863

87 0

2 3061

1 235

27 28

1 530

50 6b

1 825

67 16

98 0

2 5767

86 0

2 2795

1 240

27 70

1 535

51 04

1 830

67 46

97 5

2 5695

85 0

2 5558

1 245

28 18

1 540

51 38

1 835

67 72

97 0

2 5601

84 0

2 2258

1 250

28 58

1 545

51 66

1 840

68 02

96 0

2 5388

83 0

2 1946

1 255

29 06

1 550

51 98

1 845

68 30

95 0

2 5163

82 0

2 1757

1 260

29 44

1 555

52 28

1 850

68 50

94 0

2 4925

81 0

2 1479

1 265

29 82

1 560

52 56

1 855

68 70

93 0

2 4596

80 0

2 1216

1 270

30 26

1 565

52 88

1 860

68 92

92 0

2 4322

79 0

2 0922

1 275

30 76

1 570

53 28

1 865

69 12

91 0

2 4081

73 50

1 9675

1 280

1OQ K

31 26

O 1 'J A

1 575

Icon

53 56

1 870

69 34

(Cameron and Macallan. Lond R
46 Id)

Soc Proc

-40O

1 290

ol 74
32 18

580
1 585

53 94
54 30

1 875
1 880

69 56
69 72

SELENATE, AMMONIUM CADMIUM

785

Sp gr of HaSeCU+Aq— Concluded

Selenates

All •frTia vtAilt- T»O! on/1 rt/vi/4 anl^a /vP TT Q&l"l *>%•«

gr

H2SeO4

Sp gr

H.Aftn,<

Sp gr

%

AIL tne neutral and acid salts ot ±i2c>eu4 are
sol in H20, except BaSeO4, SrSeO4, CaSeO4,

2OoVJ4

HjSeO*

and PbSeO^ which are nearly or quite msol
inH2OorHN03+Aq

£5

69 94

2 125

80 25

2 365

89 14

.90

70 14

2 130

80 42

2 370

89 30

.95

70 38

2 135

80 68

2 375

89 48

Aluminum selenate, Al2(Se04)s

K)0

70 64

2 140

80 74

2 380

89 60

Resembles in every way alununum sul-

>05

70 78

2 145

80 96

2 385

89 72

phate (Berzehus )

10

71 00

2 150

81 14

2 390

89 84

•15
i20
'25
30
35

71 21
71 38
71 68
72 00
72 38

2 155
2 160
2 165
2 170
2 175

81 36
81 60
81 80
82 02
82 22

2 395
2 400
2 405
2 410
2 415

89 96
90 10
90 20
9030
90 46

Aluminum flTnmominn selenate,
Al2(NH4)2(Se04)4+24H20
More sol in H20 than the corresponding
sulphate (WohlwiU, A 114 191 )

40

72 66

2 180

82 44

2 420

90 74

45

72 88

2 185

82 64

2 425

91 00

Aluminum caesium selenate, Al2Cs2(Se04)4-{-

50

73 12

2 190

82 78

2 430

91 24

24H20

55

73 34

2 195

82 96

2 435

91 46

(Peterson, B 9 1563 )

60

73 54

2 200

83 10

2 440

91 70

Much more sol in H20 than the corre-

65

73 74

2 205

83 24

2 445

92 00

sponding sulphate (Fabre, C R 105 114 )

70

73 98

2 210

83 44

2 450

92 28

75
80

74 22
74 44

2 215
2 220

83 62
83 78

2 455
2 460

92 56

92 85

Aluminum potassium selenate, Al2K2(SeO4)4

85

74 66

2 225

83 96

2 465

93 02

+24H2O

90

74 86

2 230

84 14

2 470

93 20

More sol in H2O than common alum

95

75 08

2 235

84 30

2 475

93 36

(Weber, Pogg 108 615 )

00

75 28

2 240

84 48

2 480

93 68

05

75 46

2 245

84 60

2 485

9402

Aluminum rubidium selenate, Al2Rb2(Se04)4

10

75 66

2 250

84 82

2 4^0

94 32

-|-24H20

15
20

75 88
76 06

2 255
2 260

85 02
85 26

2 495
2 500

94 48
94 64

(Peterson, B 9 1563 )
Much more sol in H20 than the corre-

25
30

76 14
76 48

2 265
2 270

85 44
85 60

2 505
2 510

94 80
94 96

sponding sulphate (Fabre, C R 105 114 )

35
40

76 68
76 84

2 275

2 280

85 78
85 96

2 515
2 520

95 32
95 58

Aluminum sodium selenate, Al2Na2(Se04)4+
24H0O

45
50

77 08
77 36

2 285
2 290

86 16
86 38

2 525
2 530

95 86
96 10

£r±JO.2\J

SI efflorescent Very sol in H20 (Wohl-

55

77 50

2 295

86 60

2 535

96 41

will, A 114 191 )

60

77 62

2 300

86 82

2 540

96 68

55

77 80

2 305

87 04

2 545

96 92

Aluminum thallium sulphate, Al2Tl2(Se04)4-f

70

78 06

2 310

87 26

2 550

97 12

24H20

75

78 24

2 315

87 46

2 555

97 30

Sol mH2O (Fabre, C R 105 114)

SO

78 48

2 320

87 66

2 560

97 48

35
30
35
30

78 68
78 84
79 08
79 28

2 325
2 530
2 555
2 540

87 84
88 00
88 18
88 34

2 565
2 570
2 575
2 580

97 68
97 94
98 20
98 46

Aluminum selenate potassium sulphate,

Al2(Se04)3, K2S04+24H20
Sol m H20 (v Genchten, A 168 222 )

35
10

79 50
79 68

2 545
2 550

88 48
88 66

2 585
2 590

98 70
99 04

Ammonium selenate, (NH4)2SeC>4

15

79 90

2 555

88 82

2 595

99 36

Easily sol in H20

>0

80 10

2 360

88 98

100 g H20 dissolve 117 g (NH4)2Se04 at

7°, 164 g at 59° 197 g at 100° (Tutton,

mer <ind Lenher J phys Chem 1909.

•I Q Kl \f\ \

Proc Roy Soc 1907, 79, A 351 )
Insol in liquid NH8 (Franklin, Am Ch

lo 7V)y ;

J 1898, 20 826 )

D! in ( one or fuming H2S04

ibol m liquid NH3 (franklin, Am Ch
J $98, 20 830 )

>ccomp by alcohol

ELO (Cameron and Macallan, C N
59 232)

2H2O, and +6H2O (?) (C and M )

4H20 (Kremann and Hofmeier. M
19 J, 29 1117 )

Ammonium hydrogen selenate, NH4HSe04
Sol mH2O (Topsoe)

Ammonium cadmium selenate, (NH4)2SeO4,

CdSe04+2H20

Sol m H20 (Topsoe, W A B 66, 2 2 )
-f6H20 Efflorescent Very easily sol in

H2O (Topsoe )

786

SELENATE, AMMONIUM CEROUS

Ammonium cerous selenate,

(NH4)2Ce2(Se04)4-|-9H20
Easily sol m H20 (John)

Ammonium chromium selenate.
(NH4)2Cr2(SeO«)*-f-24H20
Sol in H2O (Fabre, C R 106 114 )

Ammonium cobaltous selenate, (NH4)2Se04,

CoSeO4+6H20
Easily sol in H20 (Topsoe )

Ammonium cupnc selenate, (NH4)2Se04,

CuSeO4+6H20
Sol inH20 (Topsoe)

Ammonium didymium selenate. (NH4)2SeO4,

Di2(SeO4)8+6H20
Easily sol mH2O (Cleve)
+10H2O (Cleve, Bull Soc (2) 43 363 )

Ammonium erbium selenate, (NH4)2SeO4,

Er2(Se04)3+4H20
Easily sol in H20 (Cleve )

Ammonium ferrous selenate, (NH4)2Fe(Se04)2

+6H20

Easily sol in H20 (Topsoe)
+2H20

Ammonium lanthanum selenate, CNH4)2SeO^,

La2(SeO4)8+9H20
Sol inH2O (Cleve)

Ammonium magnesium selenate,

(im4)2Mg(Se04)2+6H20
Easily sol in H2O (Topsoe )

Ammonium manganous selenate, (NH4)2SeO4,

MnSe04+6H20

Not dehquescent Easily sol in H20
(Topsoe )

Ammonium nickel selenate. (NH4)2SeO4.

NiSe04+6H20
Sol m H2O (Topsoe )

Ammonium samarium selenate, (NH4)2Se04,

Sm2(SeO4)3+6H20
Easily sol in H20 (Cleve )

Ammonium thallium selenaie, (NH4)2SeO

Tl2(Se04)84-8H20
Sol in H20 (Fortim, C C 1903, II 706 )

Ammonium uranyl selenate, (NH4)2Se04,

(UO2)Se04+2H20
Easily sol m H20 (Sendtner )

Ammonium yttnum selenate, (NH4)2SeO4l

Y2(Se04)8+6HO
Very sol m E2O (Cleve)

Ammonium zinc selenate,

(NH4)2Se04, ZnSe04+6H20
Sol inH20 (Topsoe)

Antimony selenate , '

Insol in H20 Not 'very sol in acid^ Sol
m H2SeO4 (Cameron and Macallan j

)
Barium selenate, BaSfeO4

Somewhat more sol1 in H20 and djl acids
than BaS04 (Rose ) ' 100 com H2O dissolve
11 8 mg in the cold,jand 138 mg at 100°
(Petersson, Z 'anal 12 287 ), ^

ISiotdecomp1 byH2S04 Insol inHNOs-f
Aq 'Befell Q^ but 4ecomp by solution oi
i !j < iboiv i - at ordinary temp

Very slowly decomp by fiCl+Aq , (Rose:
Pogg 95 426) i T'

i ' j

Bismuth selenate

Insol m, artd not decomp by cold or hot
H20 (Cameron and Macallan )

Caesium selenate, Cs2Se04
Sol in H20 rPetersson, B • 9 3 561 )
100 g H20 4t 12° dissolve 244 8 g Cs2SeO4
(Tutton, Chem Soc 1897, 71 850 )

Sp 'gr of Cs2Se04lfAq at 20° compared
with H20 at 4°, containing

CsssSeO* ! 45 94 53 43

!gr 1 5841 1 7432

(Tutton )

Caesium hydrogen selenate, CsHSeO4

Ppt Very hygrosc6pic (Norns, Am Ch
J 1901,26 322)

Caesium chromic selenate, Cs2Cr2(SeO4)44

24H20
Sol m H20 (Fabre, C R 105 134 )

Caesium cobaltous selenate, Cs2Co(St()4) -f

6H20
Sol mH20 (Topsoe)

Caesium indium selenate, C&In(Se04)H

12H20

Efflorescent, sol m H2O (Matheis, J
Am Chem Soc 1908, 30 215 )

Caesium iron (ferric) selenate, Cb2l

+24H20

SI sol m H2O (Roncogholo, Gazz cl
it 1905, 35 (2) 553 )

Caesium magnesium selenate, Cs2SeO
MgSe04+6H20
(Tutton, Chem Soc 1905, 87, 1163 )

Caesium zinc selenate, Cs2Zn(SeO4)2+6HoC
(Tutton, Zeit Kryst 1900,33 14)

SELENATE, CUPRIC HYDRAZINE

787

< dmium selenate, CdSe04+2H2O

Very sol in F2O (v Hauer, W A B 39
2 »

< droium potassium selenate, CdSe04 . K2S04

+2H20

Sol in H20, can be recrystallized without
c omp (v Hauer, W A B 64 209 )

< Icium selenate, CaSe04-{-2H20

Less sol in hot than in cold H20 (v ,
I luer, J pr 80 214)

Sat CaSeO4+Aq contains at
- L° +5° 20° 37° 67°

1 73 76 68 51%CaSe04i
ffitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 551 ) I

< rous selenate, Ce2(SO4)3+6H2O, 9H2O, or

12H20

VI ore sol in cold than hot H20 (John )

-J-4H20 Very easily m cold, si sol m hot
I 0 fCingolam, C C 1908,1 1606)

Stable above 100°

f 5H20 Stable at 92-100°

f 7H20 Stable at 80-92°

f 8H20 Stable at 50-78°

f 10H20 Stable at 34r-40°

f 11H20 Stable at 12-28°

f 12H20 Stable at 0-12° (Cingolam, C
A 1908 2658)

Solubility of Ce2(Se04)3 m H20 at t°

0 salt calculated as anhydrous Ce2(S04)3

dissolved m 100 cc H2O )

(
1 6
1 6
21 6
2{ 8
3 2
4' 6
4' 9

"I sing
Ce2(SeO4)3
+11H O

p

p~4-
d

t

CO

MO°
p^rt

s+

^

5JJ

37
33 84

*3 15
*2 ib

W 55
36 9
33 2

31 S<)

()0°
f>0 8
7S 2
80 5
91
05 4
9S
LOO

13 68
5 52

2 02
I 53

13 12
4 56

1 785
2 513

(Cmgol un, / c )

C ous potassium selenate, C(2(beO4)s,
5KSc()4

lore bol m JI O thin th( corresponding
si )h\t( (John )

C ous sodium selenate, Cc^btOOs, Ni2SeO4

+ 5H2()
>mtc sol m H2O (John )

CJ omic potassium selenate, Cr K2(SeO4)4+
24H20
esembles the sulphate in every particular

Chromic rubidium selenate, Cr2Rb2(SeO4)4+

24H20
Sol m H20

Chromic sodium selenate, Cr2Na2(Se04)44-

24H20
Sol mH20 (Fabre, C R 105 114)

Chromic thallous selenate, Cr2Tl2(Se04)4+

24H20
Sol in H20 (Fabre, C R 106 114 )

Chromic selenate potassium sulphate,

Cr2(Se04)8, KoS04-t-24H20
Sol in H20 (v Gerichten )

Cobaltous selenate, basic, 4CoO, 3SeO3-h
H20

Insol in H20, sol m acids (Bogdan, Bull
Soc (3) 9 586 )

Co8(OH)2(Se04)3 Insol in H2O Sol in
acids (Bogdan, C C 1895 630 )

Cobaltous selenate, CoSe04+5H20
Easily sol in H20 (Topsoe )
+6H20 Easily sol in H20 (Topsoe)
-j-7H20 Enlorescent Extremely sol in

H20 (Topsoe)

-j-18H20 Very unstable (Copaux, A

ch 1905, (8) 6 553 )

Cobaltous potassium selenate, CoSe04,

K2Se04+6H20

More sol in H2O than corresponding sul-
phate (v Hauer, W A B 39 837 )

Cobaltous rubidium selenate, CoRb2(SeO4)2

-f6H2O
Sol mH20 (Topsoe)

Cobaltous thallous selenate, CoTl2(Se04)2-l-

6H20
Sol mH20 (Topsoe)

Cupnc selenate, basic, 3CuO, 2Se03+4H20
Insol m H20, sol in acids (Bogdan, Bull

Soc (3) 9 588 )

+5H2O SI sol m cold H2O (Metzner,

C R 1898, 127 55 )

Cupnc selenate, CuSeO4-f 5H20
Solubility m HjO —
257 g salt m 1 1 sat bolutaon at 15°
34-f) ''"11" " " 35°

435 « » "11 " " " 55°
Aq solution decomp at 70° (Metzner,

C R 1898, 127 55 )

+H20, and +2H2O (Metzner )

Cupnc hydrazine selenate, N2H4 H2Se04,

CuSe04+MH20

Decomp in aq solution (Rimini, C C
1907, 1 86 )

788

SELENATE, CUPRIC MAGNESIUM

Cupnc magnesium selenate, CuMg?(SeO4)4+

28H20
Sol inHaO (WohlwiU)

Cupnc mckel selenate, CuSe04, NiSe04+

14E2O
Sol inH20 (WohlwiU)

Cupnc potassium selenate, CuSeO4, K2Se04+

6H20
SI sol mH20 (Topsoe)

Cupnc zinc selenate, CuZn8(Se04)4-|-28H20
SolinH2O (Wohlwill)

Cupnc selenate ferrous sulphate. 2CuSe04.

3FeS04+35H20
Sol inH20 (Wohlmll)

Cupnc selenate magnesium sulphate, CuSe04,

3MgS044-28H20
Sol inH2O (WohlwiU)

Cupnc selenate zinc sulphate, CuSe04)

3ZnS04+28H20
Sol mH20 CW"ohlwill)

Didymium selenate, Di2(Se04)3-f 5H20, and

6H20

Sol mH2O

+8H20 Easily sol in H20 (Cleve)
+10H20 Sol inH20 (Cleve)

Didymium potassium selenate, Di2(Se04)8,

K2SeO4+9H20

Not deliquescent Easily sol in H20
(Cleve )

Didymium sodium selenate, Di2(Se04)8,

Na2Se04+4H20
Easily sol in H20 (Cleve)

Dysprosium selenate, Dy2(Se04)8+8H20

Easily sol in H2O, insol m alcohol
(Jantsch, B 1911, 44 1275 )

Erbium selenate, Er2(Se04)3+8H20, and

9H20
Easily sol in H20 (Topsoe)

Erbium potassium selenate, Er2(Se04)3.

K2Se04-h8H20
Easily sol in H 0 (Cleve)

Gadolinium selenate, Gd2(Se04)3+10H20

Decomp in the air (Benedicks, Z anorg
1900, 22 410 )

Gadolinium potassium selenate, Gd2(Se04)3.

3K2Se04+4H20

Sol in H20 (Benedicks. Z anorg 1900.
22 412)

Glucinum selenate, GlSeO4+4H20
Very sol in H20 (Atterberg )

Gold (auric) selenate, Au2(SeO4)3

Insol in H20 Sol in hot cone H2Se04-f-
Aq Somewhat sol in H2S04 and HN084-
Aq Decomp by HCH-Aq (Lenher, J Am
Chem Soc 1902, 24 355 )

Indium selenate, In2(Se04)3+10H20

Hydroscopic , easily sol m H20 (Mathers.
J Am Chem Soc 1908, 30 214 )

Iron (ferrous) selenate, FeSe04+5H2O
Sol in H20 (Wohlwill, A 114 169 )
H-7H20 Efflorescent, and sol in H2O

(Topsoe )

Iron (ferrous) potassium selenate, FeSe04.

K2Se04+6H2O

Easily sol inH20 Solution decomp some-
what on standing (Topsoe )

Iron (ferric) rubidium selenate, Rb2Fe2(SeO4)4

+24H20

SI sol in H20 (Roncogliolo, Gazz ch it
1905,35 (2)553)

Iron (feme) selenate potassium sulphate,

Fe2(Se04)8, K2S04+24H2O
Sol mH20 (v Genchten)

Lanthanum selenate, La2CSe04)3+6H2O, and

10H20

Easily sol in cold H2O (Cleve )
-f 12H20 (Frerichs and Smith, A 191

355)

Lanthanum potassium selenate, La2(SeO4)s,

K2Se04-f9H20
Quite sol mH20 (Cleve)

Lanthanum sodium selenate, La2(SeO4)a,

Na2SeO4+4H20
Easily sol in H20 (Cleve )

Lead selenate, basic, 2PbO, Se08

Decomp by acids with separation of
PbSe04

3PbO, PbSe04+H20 Ppt (Stromholm,
Z anorg 1904, 38 443 )

Lead selenate, PbSe04

Insol in H2O or HNO3+Aq (Schafank,
W A B 47 256)

Mm Kerstemte

Lithium selenate, Li2SeO4+H20

Mot deliquescent Easily sol in H2O
(Topsoe )

SELENATE, POTASSIUM, ALUMINUM SULPHATE

789

agnesium selenate, MgSe04+6H20
Solubilitv resembles closely that of MgS04
i opsoe )

agnesium potassium selenate, MgK2(Se04)2

+6H20
Easily sol in H20 (Topsoe)

agnesium rubidium selenate, MgSe04.

Rb2Se04+6H20
(Tutton, Chem Soc 1905, 87 1163 )

anganous selenate, MnSeO-i+2H20
Easily sol m H20 (Topsoe )
+5H2O Easily sol m H2O Solution
< cornp on warming or standing (Topsoe )

anganous potassium selenate, K2Se04,

MnSe04

Not deliquescent Easily sol in H20
I opsoe )

ercurous selenate, 6Hg20, 5Se08
Very si sol in H20 SI attacked by boil-
i g HNO8 Insol in HCl+Aq (Kohler,
>gg 89 146)

Hg2SeO4 Very si sol m H20, insol in
Cl+Aq (Cameron and Davy, C N 44

ercuric selenate, basic, 6HgO, 2SeOs+H2O
Insol in H2O, or cold HN03+Aq Sol in

] ,t HN03 or HCl+Aq (Kohler)

HgSeO4, 2HgO Sol in 10,330 pts H2O

i Cameron and Davy )

ercuric selenate, HgSe04+H2O

Decomp by H^O with formation of basic

It (Kohlor )

Sol m H2Se()4, H,S04, HN03, or HCl+Aq,
1 it docomp by H2O to 2HgO, HgSe04
< 'ameron md Da,vy, C N 44 63 )

ckel selenate, NiScO4+(>H2O
Very o isily sol m H O (v Hauor, W A
39 305)

ckel potassium selenate, NiScO4, K2Se04 +

hH2O
Sol in H^O ( 1 opsoe)

ckel thallium selenate, NiSe()4, n2Sc04+

6H2O
Sol in H/) (Peteisson )

atinum selenate

Sol in boiling H20 Sol in HCl+Aq
sol in alcohol (Cameron and Macallan,
md R Soc Proc 46 13)

Potassium selenate, K2Se04

Nearly equally sol in cold and hot H20
Mitscherhch, Pogg 9 623 )

100 g H2O dissolve 110 5 g K2Se04 at 0°,
1128 g at 20°, 1222 g at 100° (fitard,
~ R 1888, 106 741 )
Sat K2SeO4+Aq contains at
—20° —5° +5°
51 5 51 7 52 0% KoSe04,

18° 97°
52 6 54 9% K2Se04
(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 550 )

100 g H20 at 12° dissolve 115 0 g K2Se04
(Tutton, Chem Soc 1897, 71 850 )

Sp gr of K2SeO4+Aq at 20° compared
with H2O at 4°, containing
£K2SeCU 3576 4179 5000

gr 13591 14385 15590

(Tutton, Chem Soc 1897, 71 851 )

Potassium hydrogen selenate, KHSe04
Sol m H20

Potassium praseodymium selenate, 3K2Se04,

Pr2(Se04)8+4H20

SI sol m H^O (von Scheele, Z anorg
1898, 18 361 )

Potassium samarium selenate, K2Se04,

Sm2(SeO4)3+6H20

Easily sol in H2O (Cleve, Bull Soc (2)
43 166)

Potassium sodium selenate, 3K2SeO^

Na2Se04
Sol mH2O (Topsoe)

Potassium thallium selenate, K2Se04,

rH2(Se04)3+8H2O

Veiy sol m dil acids (Fortim, C C 1903,
II 706)

Potassium uranyl selenate, K2Se04,
(U02)Se04+2H20

SI sol m cold, easily in hot H2O (Sendt-
nei )

Potassium yttrium selenate, K2SeO4,

Y2(SeO4)3+6H2O
Very sol m H2O (Cleve )

Potassium zinc selenate, K2Se04, ZnSe04+

2H20

Sol mH2O (1 opsoe)
+6H20 Sol mH2O (Topsoe)

Potassium selenate aluminum sulphate,

K2Se04, A12<S04)3+24H2O
Sol m H2O fv Genchten )

790

SELENATE, POTASSIUM, CHROMIC SULPHATE

Potassium selenate chromic sulphate.
JK2Se04, Cr2(S008-t-24H20
Sol mH20 (v Gerichten)

Potassium selenate ferric sulphate, K2Se04,
Fe2(SO4)8+24H2O
Sol rnH2O (\ Gerichten)

Potassium selenate manganous sulphate,
K2SeO4, MnS04+6H2O
Sol in H20 (v Gerichten, A 168 225 )

Potassium selenate manganic sulphate,
K2SeO4, Mn2(SeO4)8-|-24H20
Sol mH20 (v Gerichten)

Praseodymium selenate, Pr2(Se04)2
Sol m H2O (von Schule, Z anorg 1898,
18 360)
-f-8H20 SI sol in H20, sol in H2S04
(von Schule )

Solubihty in H20 at t°

t°

% Na2SeO*

Mols H2O
to 1 mol
NassSeO*

Mols anhy
drous salt to
lOOmols H2O

35 2

39 5
50
75
100

45 47
45 26
44 49
42 83
42 14

r> 59

12 70
13 10
14 00
14 42

7 94
7 87
7 63
7 14
6 93

(Funk, B 1900,33 3697)
+10H20 Solubility in H20 at t°

t°

% NassSeCU

Mols HaO
to 1 mol
NazSeCU

Mols anhy-
drous salt to
lOOmols H2O

0
15
252
27
30

11 74
25 01
36 91
39 18
44 05

79 08
31 48
17 95
16 30
13 33

1 26
3 18
5 57
6 13
7 50

Rubidium selenate, Rb2SeO4

Sol inH2O (Petersson)

100 g H2O at 12° dissolve 158 9 g Rb2Se04
(Tutton, Chem Soc 1897, 71 850 )

Sp gr of &b2Se04+Aq at 20° compared
with H2O at 4°, containing

%Rb2Se04 4060 4707

Sp gr 14688 15806

(Tutton )

Rubidium hydrogen selenate, RbESe04

Sol in equal pts H20, very hydroscopic
(Norris, Am Ch J 1901, 26 321 )

Rubidium zinc selenate, Rb2Zn(Se04)2+

6H20
(Tutton, Zeit Kryst 1900, 33 8 )

Samarium selenate, Sm2(Se04)8+8H20
More sol in H20 than Sm2(SO4)3
+12H2O Efflorescent (Cleve)

Scandium selenate, Sc2(Se04)8-l-2H20, and

+8H20

(Crookes, Roy Soc Proc 1908, 80, A
518)

Silver selenate, Ag2Se04
As Ag2SO4 (Mitscherhch, Pogg 12 138 )

Silver selenate ammonia, Ag2Se04, 4NH8

Easily sol in H20 or INH4OH+Aq without
decomp (Mitscherhch, Pogg 12 141 )

Sodium selenate, Na2Se04

Very sol in H20, forming supersat solu-
tions Cryst also with 10H20, which
efHoresce Maximum point of solubility is
at 33° (Mitscherhch )

Sp gr

(Funk)

(Funk)
of sat solution at 18° -1315

Sodium selenate vanadate
/SeetSelenovanadate, sodium

Strontium selenate, SrSe04

Insol in H20 or HN08+Aq, decomp
long boiling with HCl+Aq

by

Tellurium selenate, 2Te02, SeO3

As sulphate (Metzner, A ch 1898, (7)
15 203)

Thallous selenate, Tl2SeO4

SI sol m cold, much more in hot H2O
Insol m alcohol and ether (Kuhlmann )

100 g H20 dissolve 2 13 g at 9 3, 2 4 g
at 12°, 1086 g at 100° (Tutton, Proc
Roy Soc 1907, 79 A, 351 )

2 8 g are sol m 100 g H2O at 20°, 8 5 g
at 80° (Glauser, Z anorg 1910, 66 437 )

Thallous hydrogen selenate, HTlS(O4-f-
3H20

(Oettmger )

Thallous zinc selenate, Tl SeO4, ZnSeO4-h

6H20

Lasily sol in H20, but less than the cor-
responding sulphate (Werther. Bull Soc
1866 60)

Thonumf selenate, Th(SeO4)4+9H2O

100 pts |H20 dissolve 0 498 pt TMSeO4)4
at 0°, and 1 972 pts at 100° (Cleve )

SELENITE, CADMIUM

791

Tin ( stannic) selenate, basic, SnO(SeO4)-j-

1 liquescent Sol m H20 (Ditte, C R
104 231)

Un yl selenate, (U02)Se04, H2SeO4+

18H2O
^ ry deliquescent

2 LJ02)SeO4j H2Se044-12H20 Efflores-
ceE Sol infiaO (Sendtner, A 196 325)

Ytt bium selenate, Yb2(Se04)s
^ ihydrous

15H20 H, +8H20 Ppt (Cleve, Z
anc j 1902,32 145)

Ytt um selenate, Y2(Se04)8

2 ihydrous Sol in H^O with hissing and
eve ition of heat (Popp )

8H2O Easily sol in H20 (Cleve )

9H20 Efflorescent

Zn selenate, ZnSe044-5fi20
£ 1 mH20 (Topsoe)

6H20 Sol mH20 (Topsoe)
7H2O Sol inH20

mous acid, H2Se03

liquescent in moist, efflorescent ni dry
Very sol in cold, and in nearly every

ortion m hot H20 Easily sol in alcohol

zekus )

$»• of H2Se03 and of H2Se03+Aq at t°
Two series of experiments

Se

]

air
prc
(B<

Sp

H2,

H2

t

Sp gr
att°

03+Aq (A)
vol A 4-0 5 vol H2O

"4-1 0
'4-1 5
'4-2 0 '
'4-25
" + i 0

18 0
18 0
17 7
16 6
14 0
17 0
19 2

1 4386
1 3179
1 2337
1 2045
1 1984
1 1712
1 1600

0,+Aq (B)
vol B4-05 vol 112()

4-1 0
'4-1 5
'4-2 0 ||

'4-1 0

15 8
16 5
13 0
14 2
17 0
10 r)
14 2

1 4698
1 3191
1 2515
1 2074
1 1992
1 1795
1 1678

(dt Comnck, C C 1905,1
e aho Selenium

]

18<
Se]

nei
HI

sol m liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
, 20 830 )

nites

kali selemtes are sol m H20 The other
ral selemtes are insol in H20, but sol in
)34-Aq, Pb, and Ag salts slowly The

neutral salts are insol mHC14-Aq The acid
salts of the heavy metals are sol in H2O

Aluminum selenite, basic, 4Al2Oa, 9Se02+

36H20
Precipitate (Nilson, Upsala 1876 )

Aluminum selenite, Al2(SeO3)3

Precipitate (Berzelius )

-f 7H20 SI sol in H2O (Nilson ) Sol
in H2Se084-Aq

4-3H20 Insol in H2O, sol in acids
(Boutzoureano, A ch (6) 17 289 )

Aluminum selenite, acid, A120S, 4Se024-
3H20

(Boutzoureano )

2A12O8, 9SeO24-12H20 Sol inH2O (Nil-
son)

A1208, 6SeO2 Very sol in H2O (Ber-
zehus)

+5H2O (Nilson)

4-2H20 (Boutzoureano )

Ammonium selenite,

Deliquescent Very sol in H20
Precipitated from aqueous solution by al-

cohol Insol in ether (Muspratt, A 70

275)

Ammonium hydrogen selenite, NH4HSe08
Not deliquescent Sol in H20 (Berzelius )

Ammonium /rihydrogen selenite,
Se03)2

Deliquescent (Berzelius )

Ammonium vanadium selenite
See Vanadioselemte, ammonium

Ammonium uranyl selenite, (NH4)2SeO3,

(U02)Se03
Completely insol in H2O (Sendtner )

Antimony selenite, Sb2(SeOs)3, Se02
(Nilson, Bull Soc (2) 23 494 )

Barium selenite, BaSeO3

SI sol m H2O Sol m H2SeO8+Aq
in acids (Nilson )

4-H.O (Nilson )

So

Banum p2/roselemte, BaSe2O6

Very si sol in (old, more in warm H8O
(Berzelius )

Bismuth selenite, Bi2(SeO3)8, H2SeO8
(Nilson )
Bi2(ScO8)8 (Nilson )

Cadmium selemte, CdSe08

Insol in H2O Sol in H2Se08+Aq (Mus-
pratt, Chem Soc 2 65 )

792

SELENITE, CADMIUM, AMMONIA

2CdO, 3Se02+H2O Insol in H20, sol
in acids (Boutzoureano )

-j-J^HaO Insol in H20, sol in dil acids
(Boutzoureano )

Cadmium selenite ammonia, CdSeO8, NH3
Insol in cold or hot H20 (Boutzoureano,
r* (to 17 289 )

lemte, CaSe08+4/3H20
sol in H20 (Berzelius ) More
08+Aq
(Nikon )

lydrogen selenite, CaH2(Se08)2-|-

in H20 (Nilson )

n Easily sol in H20 (Nil-

mte, basic, 2Ce208, 5Se02+
-fce (Nilson )

lemte, Ce2(Se03)8+3H2O

Insol in H20 Sol in much selenious acid
John )
+12H20 (Nilson )

Cerous selemte, acid, Ce2Os, 4Se02+5, or 6

H2O

| Insol in H20, but sol in selenious, and
other acids (John )

Ce2O8. 6Se02+5H20 Not decomp by
H2O (Nilson )

Ceric selemte, Ce(Se08)2
Insol in H20

SI sol in cone HNOs Sol in dil acids
Sol in H2O2+Aq (Barbien, B 1910, 43

2215)

Chromium selemte, basic, 4Cr208, 9Se02+

64H20
Precipitate (Nilson )

Chromic selemte, Cr2(SeO8)8-|-3E20

(Boutzoureano )

-f 15H20 (Nilson )

Very si sol or insol m H20, si sol in
H2Se08+Aq, sol in hot cone HCl+Aq
(Taquet, C R 96 107 )

Chromic selemte, acid, Cr2O3, 4Se02+13H2O
Slowly sol in HCl+Aq Insol in H2O

•TNilson )

Cr208. 5Se02+9H2O Insol m H2O

(Nilson )

Chromic ^selemte

Insol in H20, sol m acids (Taquet, C
R 97 1435)

Cobaltous selemte, CoSeO8

Insol m H20 (Berzehus )

-fl/sH20 Insol in H20, sol in acids
(Boutzoureano, A ch (6) 17 289 )

Cobaltous hydrogen selemte, CoH2(SeO8)2

Sol in H20 (Beraelms )

H-2H20 Sol in H20 with decomp
(Boutzoureano )

Cuprous selemte
Insol in H20 Sol m NH4OH+Aq

(Berzehus )

Cupnc selemte, basic, 2CuO, Se02
Insol in H20, sol in NH4OH+Aq

(Boutzoureano )
Sol in acids

Cupnc selemte, CuSe08+HH20
Insol inH2OorH2Se08+Aq (Berzehus)
-fH20. and 2H20 (Boutzoureano )
+2H20 Min Chalcomenite Insol in H2O

or H2Se08+Aq (Fnedel and Sarasin, Zeit

Kryst 1881, 6 300 )

Cupnc selemte. acid, CuO, 2SeO2+H2O =

CuH2(Se03)8

Insol in H20 Sol m acids (Nilson )
4-2H20 As above (Boutzoureano )
+4H20 As above (B )

Cupnc selemte ammonia, CuSeO8, NH8-f

H20

Decomp by H20 (Boutzoureano. A ch
(6) 17 289 )

Didymium selemte, basic, 3Di2O3. 8SeO2+
28H20

Precipitate (Nilson )

+21H2O Insol m H,0 (Cleve, Bull
Soc (2) 43 363 )

Didymium selemte, Di2(Se03)3+6H2O
Precipitate (Smith )

Didymium selemte, acid, Di2O3, 4SeO2+

5H20

Precipitate (Cleve )

Composition is Di2(Se03)3-f6H2O (Smith )
+9H20 (Nilson )
2Di203, 9Se02 + 18H20 (Nilson )

Erbium selemte, Er2(Se03)3+5H2O, and

9H20
Precipitate (Nilson )

Erbium hydrogen selemte, Fr2H2(SeO8)4-f

4H20
Decomp by hot H20

SELENITE, MAGNESIUM HYDROGEN

793

Ga oluuum hydrogen selemte,

Gd2(Se03)3, H2Se03+6H20

Dt (Benedicks, Z anorg 1900, 22
41 )

Gl mum selemte, basic, 5G10, 2SeO2+

10H20

recipitate (Nilson ) According to Atter-
be , is 7G10, 3Se02+14H20

j-lO, Se02+4H20 (Atterberg, Bull Soc
(2 19 497)

510, 2Se02+6H20 Insol in H20
(A erberg )

Gl cinum selemte, GlSe04+2H2O

D! in httle H20, decomp by excess
(> son )

G] pin-nm selemte, acid

t) 3G10, 5Se02+3H20, (6) G10, 2Se02

-f CiO, (c) 3G10, 7Se02+5H20, (d) G10.

3£ 32+2H20 All are very si sol in cold

or vann H20 a, 6, and c are sol in warm

H ) containing HC1, d is sol only m boiling

di HCl+Aq ( Nilson )

In mm selemte, basic, InsSe903o+64H2O
NTilson )

In mm selemte, In2(S03)3+6H20
1 sol m H20 (Nilson )

In mm hydrogen selemte, In2(Se03)3,
3H2Se03+4H20

ol m H2O (Nilson )

In2(Se03)3, 3H2Se03-|-12H20 Sol in
H ) (Nilson)

Ii i (ferrous) selemte

*pt Sol in HCl+Aq with partial sepaia-
ti i of Se (Berzehus )

Ii Q. (ferrous) hydrogen selemte
>1 sol in H2O (Berzehus )

Ii n. (ferric) selemte, basic, 2Fc2Oi, 3SeO2-

nsol in H20 (Berzolius )

?e2O3, 2Se02 Insol in H20, easily sol in
a ds (Boutzouieano, A ch (6) 17 289)

!Fe203, 8Se024-28H20 Insol in H20
( ilson )

I n (feme) selemte, Fe2(Se03)3-f4H2O
[nsol m H20 (Mubpratt, Chem Soc 2

5 )

-|-H2O Insol m H20 (Boutzoureano

A ch (6) 17 289 )

+3H2O Insol m H20 (B )
-hlOH20 Insol mH2O (B )

Iron (feme) selemte, acid, Fe203, 6Se02+
a;H20

Insol m H2O Sol in HCl+Aq (Ber-
lehus )

+2H2O (Boutzoureano, A ch (6) 17
289)

Fe203, 4SeO2+H20 Insol in H20, sol m
acids (Boutzoureano )

Lanthanum selemte, basic, 3La203, SSeO2+

28H2O
Precipitate (Nilson )

Lanthanum selemte, La2(Se03)3+9H20. or

12H20
Insol mH20 (Nilson)

Lanthanum selemte, acid, La2H4(Se03)6+

4H20
(Nilson )
La2H6(Se03)6 +2H2O (Cleve )

Lead selemte, PbSeOs

Scarcely sol in H20, even when it contains
H2Se03 SI sol m HN03+Aq (Berzehus )

Lithium selemte, Li2Se03-|-H2O

Difficultly sol in H20 (Nilson, Bull Soc
(2) 21 253 )

Lithium hydrogen selemte, LiHS03
Very sol in H20 (Nilson )

Lithium /nhydrogen selemte, LiH3(Se08)2
Not dehquescent Sol in H20 (Nilson )

Lithium vanadium selemte
See Vanadioselemte, lithium

Magnesium selemte, MgSe03+2H2O

Insol m H20, sol in dil acids, especially
if warm, also in H2Se03+Aq (Boutzour-
eano, A ch (6) 18 302 )

+3H2O Very si sol m hot H2O (Ber-
zehus )

+bH2O As the 2H20 salt (Boutzour-
eano )

+7H2O SI sol in H2O Fasily sol m
acetic, and mineral acids (Hilger, Z anal
13 132)

Magnesium hydrogen selemte, MgH2(SeO3)2
+3H2O

Very deliquescent Lasily sol m H20
(Nilson )

Insol m alcohol (Muspratt)

MgO, 2SeO2 Insol m H20, sol m aoids
(Boutzoureano )

Magnesium tefrahydrogen selemte,

MgH4(Se08)3, and +3H20
Sol in H2O (Nilson )

794

SELENITE, MANGANOUS

Manganous selemte, MnSe03+H20
Precipitate (Nilson )
+2H20 Insol in H20 (Berzelius )
Sol in cold HCl+Aq (Muspratt )
+JiH2O Insol m H20, sol in dil acids

(Boutzoureano )

Manganous selemte, acid, MnSe2Og
Sol in H20 (Berzelms, Nilson )
MnO, 2Se02 +H20 = MnH2(Se03)2

(Boutzoureano, A ch (6) 17 289 )

+5H2O Decomp by H20 to MnSe08

(Boutzoureano )

Manganic selemte, basic, Mn203, 2Se02
Insol in H2O, cold H2S04, or HN08+Aq,

insol in hot dil H2S04 or HN03+Aq

(Laugier, C R 104 1508 )
Sol in warm HCl+Aq with decomp

Manganic selemte, Mn2(Se08)s+5H20

(Laugier )
Manganic selemte, acid, Mn208, 4Se02

Insol in H2O, cold H2S04, and HN08-f Aq
Insol in dil hot H2S04, and HNO8-fAq Sol
in cold HCl+Aq, and in H2SO8-fAq with
separation of Se (Laugier, C R 104 1508 )

Mercurous selemte, basic, 3Hg20, 2Se02-f
5H2O

(Boutzoureano )
Mercurous selemte, Hg2SeO3

Insol in H2O or H2Se03+Aq Sol in hot
HN08+Aq (Kohler, Pogg 89 146)

SI sol in HCl+Aq, and KOH+Aq (Ber-
zehus )
Mercurous selemte, acid, 3Hg20, 4SeO2

Insol in H2O or HjiSeOs+Aq SI sol in
boihng HN08+Aq (Kohler)
Mercunc selemte, basic, 7HgO, 4Se02

Insol in H20 SI sol in HN08+Aq
Easily sol in HCl+Aq (Kohler, Pogg 89
146)
Mercunc selemte, HgSe08

Insol m H2O (Berzehus ) Nearly insol
in HNO8+Aq Sol in K2Se08+Ao (Di-
vers, Chem Soc 48 585 )

Insol mdil HN08+Aq, sol in HCl+Aq
(Rosenheim and Pritze, Z anorg 1909, 63
278)

Solubility in Na2SeO,+Aq at 259

NaaSeOa+Aq
Normality

% HgSeOs

2 0
1 0
0 5
0 25

0 125
0 0625

2 73
1 39

0 70
0 53
0 32
0 18

(Rosenheim and Pritze. Z anorg 1909, <
281)

HgSeOs, H2Se03 Easily sol in H20, very
,sl sol in alcohol ( Berzehus )
See also selenium dioxide

i

Mercunc sodium selemte, HgSeOs, Na2Se08
Decomp by H20 and alkalies with pptn
'of HgSeOs (Rosenheim and Pntze, Z
anorg 1909, 63 279 )

Mercunc selemte sodium chloride,

HgSe08, NaCl+2H20
Decomp by H20 (Rosenheim and Pritze,
Z anorg 1909, 63 280 )

Nickel selemte, NiSe08-hH2O

Insol m H20, sol m H2SeO3+Aq (Mus-
pratt, Chem Soc 2 52 )

4-J^H20 Insol in H20 (Boutzoureano.
A ch (6) 17 28 )

Nickel selemte, acid

Sol in H20 (Berzehus )

Potassium selemte, K2Se03+H20

Very deliquescent Sol in nearly all pro-
portions in H20 Insol in alcohol, which
separates it as oil from aqueous solution
(Muspratt, Chem Soc 2 52 )

Potassium hydrogen selemte, KHSe03

Very deliquescent Very si sol m alcohol
(Muspratt, Chem Soc 2 52 )

Potassium inhydrogen selemte, KH3(SeO3)2
Very deliquescent Pptd from H20 by

alcohol (Muspratt )
Not deliquescent (Nilson )

Potassium hydrogen pyroselemte, KHSe2O&

+H20
(Muthmann, B 1893, 26 1015 )

Potassium uranyl selemte, K2SeO3,

(U02)Se03
Absolutely msol m H20 (Sendtner )

Praseodymium hydrogen selemte,

Pr2(Se03)3, H2SeO8+3H2O
Sol m H20 (von Scheele, Z anorg
1898, 18 362)

Samarium selemte, basic, 3Sm2O3, 8Se02-t-

7H20
Precipitate (Cleve )

Samarium selemte, acid, Sm203, 4Se02 +
5H20

Piecipitate (Cleve )

Scandium selemte, Sc2(Se08)3+H20
Insol precipitate

SELENITE, ZIRCONIUM, BASIC

795

Sc« dium hydrogen selemte, Sc2(SeOs)8,

3H2Se08

] sol in H20 Not* at tacked by cold dil
ac] 3, but easily if warmed

Sil r selemte, Ag2Se03

jy si sol m cold, somewhat more sol in
hoi H20 Easily sol in hot HNO8+Aq,
fro which it is precipitated by H20
(B zehus )

sol mK2Se08+Aq,sl sol mdilHNO8-|-
Aq (Divers, Chem Soc 49 585 )

Sil r selemte ammonia, Ag2Se08, NH8

sol in boiling H20 (Boutzoureano, A
ch (6) 17 289)

So um selemte, Na2SeOs

ry sol in H20 Insol in alcohol (Ber-
zel s )

5H2O

So um selemte, acid, NaHSe03

jrmanent Sol m H20

a4Sp308 Sol in H20 (Sacc, A ch (3)
21 19)

aH8(Se08)2 Not deliquescent Sol in

So um vanadium selemte
e Vanadioselemte, sodium

St ntium selemte, SrSe03+7H2O

ecipitate Insol in H20 Sol in HNO3

+ i (Muspratt )

St Dtium hydrogen selemte, SrH2(Se03)2
a,silv sol in hot or cold H20 (Nilson )
eaily msol in hot or cold H2O (Ber-

ze] LS )

Tl llous selemte, 1 l2ScO8

ohily sol m H2O Insol m alcohol and
ctl i (Kuhlmann, Bull Soc (2) 1 330 )

Tl Llous hydrogen selemte, 1 !HSc08

[on sol in HjO than tho above comp
(b him inn )

(Ma-

Tl Ihc selemte,

isol m H/) Sol m dil HNO8
isily dccomp by HC1 and H^S

ni , / anorg 1900, 62 177 )

Tl num selemte, lh(SeO3)2+H2O, or 8H2O
isol in H20; easily sol m HCl+Aq
(> son )

Tl num selemte, acid, 2Th02, 7Se02+
16H20
hO2, 5Se02+bH20 (Nilson )

Tin (stannic) selemte

Insol m H20, sol m HCl+Aq, from which
it is pptd by F20 (Berzehus )

Uramc selemte, U208, Se02
Insol in H2O (Boutzoureano )
+2H20 (B)

Uramc selemte, acid, 2U2O8, 3SeO2+7H20

Insol in H2O (Boutzoureano, A ch (6)
17 289)

Uranyl selemte, (U02)Se08+2H20
Precipitate (Nilson )

Uranyl selemte, acid, 3UO8, 5Se02+7H20, or

9H2O

Insol in H20
UOj, 2Se02+H20 = (U03)H2(Se03)2

Absolutely msol in H20 and H2SeO3+Aq
(Sendtner, A 195 325 )

Vanadium selemte
See Vanadioselemous acid

Ytterbium selemte, Yb2(SeO8)8
Insol precipitate

Ytterbium hydrogen selemte, Yb2H2(Se08)4
-HH20

Insol mH20

Yttnum selemte, Y2(Se08)3+12H2O

Insol in H20 or H2Se03+Aq (Berzehus )
Sol in hot H2Se03+Aq (Nilson )

Yttnum hydrogen selemte, Y2H2(Se03)4+

3H20

SI sol in H20 Easily sol in HC1 or
HN03+Aq (Cleve)

Zinc selemte, ZnSe03

Insol inH20,sol m acids (Boutzoureano,
A ch (6) 18 289 )

+2H2O Insol m H2O Sol in H2Se08,
or HNO3+Aq fMuspratt, Chem Soc 2
52)

Zinc hydrogen selemte, ZnH2(Se03)2
Easily sol in H2O (Berzehus )
+2H2O Sol in cold H2O (Boutzour-
eano )

ZnO, 4SeO2+3H2O Lasily sol m H2O
(Wohler, A 63 279 )

Zinc selemte ammonia, ZnSe03, NH3

Insol in cold or hot H20 (Boutzoureano,
A ch (6) 17 289 )

Zirconium selemte, basic, 4Zr02. 3SeO2-f
18H20

Precipitate SI sol in HCl+Aq (Nil-
son )

796

SELENITE, ZIRCONIUM

Zirconium selemte, Zr(SeO3)2

Absolutely insol in H2O, difficultly sol in
boiling HCl+Aq (Nilson )

+H20 (Nilson )

Selenium, Se

Insol in H2O Schultz (J pr (2) 32 390)
has obtained a soluble colloidal modifica-
tion which can be isolated by dialysis

Insol in HCl+Aq Decomp by HN08+
Aq Sol in fuming H2SO4 (Schultz-Sellac,
B 4 113)

1000 pts CS2 dissolve 1 pt cryst Se at
boiling-point (46 6°), and 0 16 pt at 0° (Mit-
scherhch, J B 1865 314 ) Solubility of Se
in CS2 is variable — 1 pt Se is sol in 1376-
2464-3746 pts CS2 at 20° (Rammelsberg, B
7 660) Cryst Se, which is sol in CS2, be-
comes insol in CS2 after heating to 110°, but
after fusion is again sol (Otto)

Four modifications — (1) Amorphous red,
(2) crystalline red, (3) granular gray, (4)
laminated 1 and 2 are sol in CS2, 3 and 4 are
insol in CS2 All forms are sol in SeCl2,
from which crystallizes a black modification,
insol in CS2 CC14 with trace of CS2 dis-
solves red Se slightly, black Se not at all
Se(C2H6)2 dissolves all modifications in
small but apparently equal quantities
(Rathke, A 152 181 )

According to Saunders (J phys Chem
1900, 4 428) selenium exists in three modi-
fications

1 Liquid, including vitreous, amorphous,
and colloidal selenium

a Vitreous

Sol m liquid NH8 at 25° (Franklin, Am
Ch J 1898, 20 820 )

Insol in liquid NH8 between — 30° and
+10° Franklin's results are due to impure
selenium and not completely dry NH8
(Hugot, A Ch 1900, (7) 21 5 )

Almost insol in CS2 (Schutzenberger
Chimie ge*n6rale 1 438 )

Action of Light increases solubility in CS2
(Saunders, J phys Chem 1900, 4 456 )

Solubility in methylene iodide at 12° is
1 3 pts in 100 (Retgers, Z anorg 1893,
3 343)

Sol in CSe2, ethyl selenide, and in ethyl
sulphide

Very sol in Se2Cl2 (Rathke, A 1869, 162
181)

b Amorphous

Completely sol m CS2 at ord temp if
Se has not been heated If heated or ex-
tracted with warm CS2 it becomes partly
insol (Peterson, Z phys Chem 1891, 81
612)

Passes into red crystalline form in solution
m CS2, C6H6, isobutyric acid, acetophenone,
acetone CHCla, thiophene, toluene, ben-
zonitnle, ethyl acetate, and alcohol (Saun-
ders, J phys Chem 1900, 4 463 )

Solution m qumoline, aniline, pyridme,

etc, cause conversion into gray metallic
form

c Colloidal

Forms colloidal solution with H20
A colloidal solution of Se in H20 can be
obtained It is not decomp by boiling, but
is decomp by electrolytes with separation of
red selenium (Gutbier, Z anorg 1902, 32
106)

2 Red crystalkne
Sol mCS2

3 Gray, crystalline or metallic

Sol m selenium chloride and other solv-
ents as vitreous Se (Rathke, A 1869, 152
181)

SI sol in CS2, toluene, nitrobenzene,
qumohne, aniline, and KOH Pptd from
cone KOH+Aq m long needles with mpt
219° (Coste, C R 1909, 149 674 )

Sol m many organic substances at high
temp as quinohne, ethyl benzoate, aniline
and naphthaline (Saunders, J phys Chem
1900, 4 469 )

Completely msol in CS2 (Saunders, J
phys Chem 1900, 4 474 )

Solubility of the two modifications of gray
crystalline Se in CS2

100 cc boiling CS2 dissolve mg Se
I II ill

Mg Se

Mg Se

Mg Se

3 2

4 1

2 7

2 8

4 0

2 2

3 b

2 9

1 9

3 3

2 8

1 0

2 2

2 9

2 0

4 0

I Se heated 1 hr at 140° Modification A

II Modification A

III Se heated 48 hrs at 190°-200°
Modification B

(Marc, Z anorg 1907, 53 302 )

Se2Bro dissolves 22% Se (Schneider,
Pogg 128 327 )

Red Se is sol in (NH4)2SO3-fAq (Uels-
mann, A 116 122 )

Sol m alkalies and Mg sulphites +Aq

365 pts K2S03+Aq dissolve 102 pts Se

360 pts MgS08, 3H20+Aq dissolve 116
pts Se

Insol in BaSOs+Aq (Rathke and Zschie-
sche, J pr 92 145 )

Sol in KCN+Aq with formation of
KSeCN (Franklin, Am Ch J 1898, 20
830)

100 pts methylene iodide dissolve 1 3 pts
Se at 12° (Retgers, Z anorg 3 343 )

Sol in quinohne, but reacts with the solvent
with evolution of H (Beckmann and Gabel,
Z anorg 1906, 51 236 )

SELENIUM OXIDE

797

S< mtun mofiobromide, Se2Br2

QSO! in H20, but gradually decomp
tt r-eby Decomp by absolute alcohol and
b< zene Sol m C2H6I, but soon decomposed
M jcible with CS2; less sol in CHC18 and
C I6Br (Schneider, Pogg 128 327 )

S< emum Zefrabronude, SeBr4

ol in H20 with decomp Decomp by
al )hol Sol in HCl+Aq. si sol m CS2,
C C13, and C-jHeBr (Schneider, Pogg
1' 450 )

)ecomp by

S emum bromoZnchloride, SeCl3Br

nsol m CS2 (Fvans and Ramsay,
C em Soc 45 62)

S emum tetfrabromide sulphur inoxide,

SeBr4, 2S03

Decomp by H20 (Prandtl, Z anorg
1 )9, 62 242 )

S emum Znbromochloride, SeClBr3
3ee Selenium chloroinbronude

S lemum mowochlonde, Se^Clsj

jl-radually decomp by H2O Dissolves

a modifications of selenium on heating

( athke, A 152 181) Insol in cone H2SO4,

e Jily sol m fuming H2S04 Sol in CHC13,

C K6, CC14 Gradually decomp by H2O,

a oholj and ether (Divers and Shimose",

I 17 862 ) Sol m CS2 (Evans and Ram-

s r, Chem Soc 45 62 )

£ lemum te/rachloride, SeCl4

Deliquescent on moist air Decomp with

I O (Bor/olms, A ch 9 225 ) Insol m

( >2 Easily sol in hot POCU, from which

i crystillizos on cooling (Michaehs, Zeit

( icm (2) 6 460) Very si sol in CS2

( v ins ind Ramsay, Che m Soc 45 62 )

c lemum rfochlorobromide, BoCl Br2
(Evans ind Ramsay, Chun bo( 45 62 )

lemum chloro/rtbromide,

Vory bl sol in ( S^ (I- vans and Ramsav )

lemum /nchlorobromide, S(Cl3Bi
See Selenium bromo/nchlonde

lemum fluoride

Sol m cone HF-f Aq Dccomp immuli-

ely by H2O (Knox )

lemum

Decomp by H20 All solvents of iodine
ssolve out that element (Schneider,
Dgg 129 627)

Selenium tefraiodide, SeI4

Slowly decomp by much H20 Iodine is
dissolved out by all solvents of that element
(Schneider, Pogg 1?9 627 )

Selenium nitride
See Nitrogen selemde

Selenium monoxide, SeO (?)
SI sol m H20 (Berzehus )
Does not exist (Sacc )

Selenium cfeoxide, Se02

Deliquescent Easily sol in H20 and
alcohol Sol m glacial HC2H802 (Hms-
berg, A 260 40)

Solubility m H20 between —3° and +36°
=450+07692t (fitard, C R 1888, 106
742)

1 pt is sol m 2 67 pts H20 at 11 3 °
1 pt " " " 2 60 " " " 14 °
1 pt " " " 2 54 " " " 15 6 °
(de Comnck, C R 1906, 142 571 )

Sp gr of Se02+Aq at t(

T°

% Se02

Sp gr

15 1

1

0 9923

15 3

2

1 0068

13 0

3

1 0200

13 0

4

1 0302

14 5

5

1 0346

14 8

6

1 0402

14 1

7

1 0535

15 0

8

1 0571

15 6

9

1 0719

15 2

10

1 0743

(de Comnck, C R 1906, 142 571 )
See also Seleruous acid

1 pt Se02 is sol in 9 84 pts alcohol (93°)
at 14°

1 pt SeG2 is sol m 15 0 pts methvl alco-
hol at 11 S°

1 pt SeO2 is sol m 23 0 pts ace tone at
15 * °

1 pt Sc O2 is sol m 90 0 pts acetic acid
at 129° (<h Comnck, C R 1906, 142
572)

Traces dissolve m acetic anhydiido Sol
in phonyl mcrcaptan (Hmsberg, A 1890,
260 40)

Insol in pure GBHf (Clausmzei, A 1879,
196 271 )

See Selenious acid

Selenium Znoxide, Se03

Not obtained in a pure state
and Macallan )

See Selemc acid

(Cameron

798

SELENIUM OXIDE HYDROBROMIC ACID

Selenium efooxide hydrobromic acid, Se02,

4HBr
Decomp at 55° (Ditte, A ch (5) 10

82 }

SeOs, 5HBr Decomp at 65° (Ditte,
A ch (5) 10 82 )

Selenium cfooxide hydrochloric acid, SeO2,
2HC1

Decomp at 26°

Se02, 4HC1 Decomp at 0° Sol in H2Q
without evolution of gas (Ditte, A ch (5)
10 82)

Selenium dioxide sulphur 2noxide, SeO2j
SO»

Decomp violently by H20 (Weber.
19 3185)

Composition may be (SeO)S04 (?)

Selenium oxy-compounds
See Selenyl compounds

Selenium ^phosphide,
See Phosphorus wonoselemde

Selenium tetfraphosphide, P4Se
See Phosphorus se/mselemde

Selenium monosulphide, SeS

Insol in H20 and ether Sol m CS2
Decomp by alcohol (Ditte, C R 73 625,
660)

Other compounds of Se and S are probably
mixtures of the two elements

Selenium dzsulphide, SeS2

Compound of this formula is a mixture of
SeS and S (Ditte, C R 73 625, 660 ) .

Selenium sulphoxide, SeS03

Decomp by H20 Sol in fuming H2S04,
cone H2S04 Sol in H2SO4 of 1 806 sp gr
without decomp (Weber, Pogg 166 531 )

Decomp by H20, sol in H2S04 (Divers
and Shimose*, B 17 858 )

Selemuretted hydrogen, H2Se
See Hydrogen selemde

Selenoarsemc acid

Potassium selenoarsenate, KAsSe3+2H20

Only si sol in cold H2O, sol in warm H20
with decomp , more stable in KOH-f-Aq
(Clever, Z anorg 1895, 10 132 )

Sodium selenoarsenate, NasAsSe4-f9H2O

Very sol in H20, very unstable (Szar-
vasy, B 1895, 28 2658 )

Selenoarsemous acid

Sodium selenoarsenite, NasAsSea+9H20

Moderately sol ni H20 (Clever and
Muthmann, Z anorg 1895, 10 139 )

Selenobismuthous acid

Potassium wetaselenobismuthite, Bi2Se8, K2Se

or KBiSe2

Insol m cold dil HCl+Aq Sol on warm-
ing, with evolution of H2Se (Hilger and
van Scherpenberg, Mitt Pharm n 4 )

Selenocyanhydnc acid, HSeCN

Known only in aqueous solution

Ammonium selenocyamde,

Very dehquescent, and sol in H2O

Banum - , Ba(SeSCM)2
Very sol in H20

Lead - , Pb(SeCN)2

SI sol in cold, sol with si decomp in
boding H20 Insol m alcohol

Mercurous - , Hg2(SeCN)2
Ppt

Mercuric - , Hg(SeCN)2

SI sol m cold H2O Easily sol in MCN,
MSCN, or MSeCN+Aq, also sol in hot
HgCl2-hAq (Cameron and Davy, C N 44
63)

Decomp by hot H2O (Rosenheim, Z
anorg 1909, 63 276 )

Mercuric potassium - , Hg(SeCN)2,

Easily sol in H20 SI sol in cold alcohol
(Cameron and Davy, C N 44 63 )

Mercuric selenocyamde chloride,

Hg(SeCN)2, HgCl2

Sol in boiling H20 and in abs alcohol
Decomp by long boding with H2O (Rosen-

heim and Pritze, Z anorg 1909, 63 276 )

Platinum potassium - (Potassium platino-

selenocyanide) K2Pt(SeCN)6
Sol in H20 and alcohol (Clarke, B 11

Potassium , KSeCN

Very deliquescent, and sol in H2O with
absorption of heat More sol in H2O than
KSCN Sol m alcohol

Potassium mercuric bromide, KSeCN,

HgBr2

SI sol m cold, more easily in hot H20 or
alcohol (Cameron and Davy, C N 44 63 )

SELENOSULPHARSENATE, POTASSIUM

799

PC issium selenocyamde mercunc chlonde
KSeON, HgCl2
s the bromide

mercunc iodide, KSeCNT

PC issium
HgI2

I sol in cold, easily in hot H2O or alcoho
(C meron and Davy )

P< assium - mercunc sulphocyamde,

KSeCN, Hg(SCN)2 * *

I sol in cold, much more in hot H2O or
al >hol Somewhat sol in ether (Cameron
ai Davy )

S3 er - , AgSedST

osol m H20 Almost msol m NH4OH+
A or cold dil acids Quickly decomp by
h< cone acids

S< bum - — , NaSeCN
rery sol in H20

S lenomolybdic acid

P Assium selenomolybdate, 5K20, 6Se02,
17MoOs

leadily sol in H20 without decomp

0 bbs, Am Ch J 1895, 17 177 )

S lenopentathiomc acid

S iium selenopentatbionate, Na2S4Se06

1 dil solution may be boiled for some time
vs hout chang< (Norns and Fay, Am Ch
J 1900, 23 121 )

S lenophosphonc acid

£ unonium selenophosphate,

2(NH4) O, F/)fi; 2bc03-h3H20
sol m H2O with decomp (Wemland, B

1 )3, 36 1402)

I tassium selenophosphate,
2K/), P,00, 2ScO +3H2()

Sol m H2O with decomp

35K2O, P20fi 5Se08-f55H20 Easily
e in H20 (Wemland)

I ibidmm selenophosphate,
2Hb2(), P/)fi, 2

Sol m H () with dffom (Wemland )
' nselenophosphorous acid
] rtassium Znselenophosphite,

Decomp by moist air and di] acids, sol
cone KOH-j-Aq , si sol m cold, easily sol

hot H2O (Muthmann, Z anorg 1897,

198 )

Selenosannc acid, HSeO2NH2
Known only in its salts

Ammonium selenosamate, (NH4)SeO2NH2

Dehquescent Decomp slowly by H2O
into (NH4)2Se03

1 pt is sol in 116 pts cold alcoholic am-
monia at 12° More sol in hot alcoholic
ammonia SI attacked by cold HC1 or HN03
(Cameron and Macallan, C N 1888,67 163)

Ammonium hydrogen selenosamate,

NH4H(Se02NH2)2

Dehquescent Sol in 14 pts alcohol at
14° (Cameron and Macallan, Proc Roy
Soc 44 112)

Selenostanmc acid

Ammonium selenostannate, 3SnSe2

+3H20
Sol m H20 (Ditte, C R 96 641 )

Platinum potassium , K2Se, 3PtSe, SnSe2

Insol in hot or cold H20. NB4OH, or
KOH-f Aq Not attacked by hot HCl-hAq
(Schneider, J pr (2) 44 507 )

Platinum sodium , Na Se, 3PtSe, SnSe2

Properties as the corresponding K salt
(Schneider )

Potassium
Easily sol m H20 (Ditte, C R 96 441 )

Selenostilphantimonic acid

Sodium selenosulphantimonate, NasSbSeS3-|-

9H20

Sol in H20 (Hofacker, A 107 6 )
Na3SbSi 6Se2 5H-9H2O Somewhat sol in

H2O (Pouget, A ch 189Q, (7) 18 564 )

Selenosulphantnnonotis acid
Potassium selenosulphantimomte,

Sol m H20 (Pouget, A ch 1899, (7)
18 563)

Sodium selenosulphantimonite, NdjSbbj eSo! 6

-f9H2O
Sol m H2() (Pouget, A ch 1S99, (7) 18

.64)

Selenosulpharsenic acid

'otassium selenosulpharsenate, 3K2S. As2Se«

+12HZ0

Verv unstable m the air Very sol in H/)
'airly stable in aqueous solution Decomp
y acids (Clever, Z anorg 1895, 10 134 )

800

SELENOSULPHARSENATE, SODIUM

Sodium selenosulpharsenate. Na3AsS3Se+
8H20

Decomp by acids, stable in dry air
(Messmger, B 1897, 30 801 )

3Na2S, As2Se6-t-18H2O Quite sol in H20,
quite stable in air (Clever, Z anorg 1895,
10 140)

Na*As2S6Se8+16H20 SI sol inH2O,de-
comp by acids (Messinger, B 1897, 30
803)

Na6As2S7Se+16E20 Stable in dry air,
easily sol in H20, decomp by acids (Mes-
singer, B 1897, 30 800 )

Na8AsS2Se2+9H20 Decomp in aq solu-
tion by dil acids (Messmger, B 1897, 30
802)

Na3AsSSe34-9H20 Sol in H20, decomp
by aq acids hydroscopic (Messmger )

Selenosulphophosphorous acid

Potassium selenosulphophosphite, 2K2S,

P2Se3+5H20

Sol in H20, decomp by acids (Muth-
mann, Z anorg 1897, 13 198 )

Selenosulphostanmc acid

Ammonium selenosulphostannate, (NH4)2S,

3SnSe2+3H20

Easily decomp (Ditte, C R 1882, 95
643)

Potassium selenosulphate, K2SeS08+o;H20

Deliquescent m moist air, decomp by H20
(Rathke, J pr 95 1 )

Selenotnthiomc acid, H2S2SeO6

Known only m solution, which is stable in
dark (Schulze, J pr (2) 32 390 )

Barium selenotnthionate
Sol mH20 (Rathke)

Potassium - , K2SeS206

Sol in H20 with gradual decomp (Rathke
J pr 96 8, 97 56 )

Potassium -

K2SnSe2S+3H20

Very easily sol m H20 (Ditte, C R 95
641)

Sodium , Na2SnSe2S+3H20

Sol in H20 (Ditte, C R 95 641 )

Selenosulphoxyarsemc acid

Sodium selenosulphoxyarsenate, Na»As02SSe
+10H2O

Easily sol in H20 but solution rapidly
decomp (Messmger, B 1897, 30 798 )

Na6As2S2Se05+24H2O Sol in H20
(Messmger )

NaflAs2SeS3O4+20H2O Stable in dry air
SI sol in H2O, decomp by dil acids (Mes-
singer )

Na6As2S3Se2O3-f20H2O Ppt (Messm-
ger)

Na4As3S2Se208-h36H2O Decomp by aq
acids, sol in H2O, quite stable (Messmger )

Selenosulphur Jnoxide, SeS08
See Selenium sulphoxide

Selenosulphunc acid, H2SeS03
Known only m its salts

Dzselenotnthiomc acid,

Exceedingly unstable (Schulze )

Selenovanadic acid

Lithium selenovanadate, 4Li20, 6V206, 5Se02

+30H20

Very sol m H20 (Prandtl and Lustig, Z
anorg 1907, 53 401 )

Potassium selenovanadate, 2K2O, 3V206,
12Se02+12H2O

(Prandtl and Lustig )

3K20, 5V205, 16SeO2+40H20 (Prandt]
and Lustig )

4K20, 6V206, 2lSe02+37H20 (Prandt]
and Lustig )

5K20, 10V206, 26SeO2+43H2O (Prandtl
and Lustig )

Sodium selenovanadate, 4Na2O, 6V2O5, 5SeO
+20H20

Very SQ! in H20 Solution decomp grad
ually (Prandtl and Lustig )

2Na20, 7V205, 10SeO2 + 13H2O (Prandt]
and Lustig )

2Na20, 7V2Ofi, 12SeO2+45H20, anc
H-90H20 (Prandtl and Lustig )

Selenoxyarsemc acid

Ammonium selenoxyarsenate, 2(NH4)2O,

2Se03, As206+3H20

Sol in H20 with decomp (Wemland, B
1903, 36 1403 )

Barium sodium selenoxyarsenate,

BaNaAs03Se+9H20
Ppt (Wemland, Z anorg 1897, 14 56 )

Potassium selenoxyarsenate, 2K20, 2Se08
As205+3H20

Sol in H20 with decomp (Wemland anc
Bartthngck, B 1903, 36 1403 )

7K20,10Se03,2As205-fHH20 Very sol
m H20 (Wemiand and Barttlingck )

3K20 As2Se6+10H2O Easily decomp bi

SILICIC ACID

801

m sture Very sol in H20 (Clever. Z
ar rg 1895, 10 126 )

Ri udium selenoxyarsenate, 2Rb20, 2SeOs,

As2O54-3H20

ol in H20 with decomp (Weinland and
B! ttlmgck)

Sc mm selenoxyarsenate,

airly stable m air and in aq solution
CV inland, B 1896,29 1010)

a3AsSe08+12H20 Stable m the air
w] n pure, sol in H20 with decomp (Wein-
la. i, Z anorg 1897, 14 50 )

asAsSe03+12H20 Very sol in H20,
V€ f unstable (Szarvasy, B 1895.28 2657)

Na20, 3Na2Se, As205+50H20 Easily
so in BtaO Solution may be boiled for a
lo] tune without decomp (Clever. Z
an rg 1895, 10 136 )

S< enoxyphosphonc acid

Ai nomum friselenmowoxyphosphate,
(NH4)8PSe30-hlOH20
pt (Ephraim, B 1910, 43 280 )

Ai nomum hydrogen Znselen?w0woxyphos-
phate, (NH4)6H(PSe30)2-fl8H20
pt (Ephraim )

Ba um hydrogen rfiselen^oxyphosphate,
BaHPSe2O2+14H20
ecomp in moist air (Ephraim )

PC issium selenoxyphosphate, K3PSe2 sOi 5
+H20

ccomp by HNO^ Insol in alcohol and
etl i (Lphi uin )

So um /wwoselen/noxyphosphate,
Ni,PS(() ,+20110
(conip by HO (J<pln um )

So um ///selenraowoxyphosphate, NasPSe/)

+ 10JTO

i >1 m 11 () Docoinp in aq solution
Li ly sol in (one Ni()Il+Aq (Muth-
im n, / inoig 18<)7, 13 1()9 )

Se nyl bromide, SeOBi2 (?)
chnndei, Po^g 129 450)

Se nyl bromide sulphur /?wxide, ScOBr2,
SO,
'laneltl, / morg 1909, 62 242 )

Se nyl chloride, SeO^CL

isily decomp by H2O (Wtbei, Pogg
111 615)

Se nyl sulphur chloride
/ e Sulphoselenyl chloride

Selenyl stannic chloride, 2SeOCl, Sn,Cl4

Extremely deliquescent Completely sol
in H20 (Weber, BAB 1865 154 )

Selenyl titanium chloride, 2SeOCl2, TiCl4

Decomp by HaO with separation of an
insol residue Decomp by NH4OH+Aq
(Weber, BAB 1865 154 )

Sesquiauramine

Sesqtuhydraurylamine, (HOAu)3N, NH8

Silicic acid, SiO2, a?H2O

See also Silicon dioxide

Silicic acid is sol in 1000 pts pure H20
(Kirwan)

When pptd from alkali silicates +Aq by
C02, 0 021 pt SiO2 remains dissolved m 100
pts H20 (Strupkmann, A 94 341 )

When pptd as above, 100 pts H20 dissolve
009 pt Si02 m 3 days, 100 pts H2CO3+Aq
dissolve 0078 pt SiO2 in 3 days But if
heated much more dissolves, the jelly itself
becoming liquid, such jelly containing 2 49
pts SiO2 to 100 pts H20 This solution is
not pptd by considerable quantities of al-
cohol, but cone (NH4)2CO3, NaCl, or CaCl2+
Aq. etc . cause gelatimzation (Maschke. J
pr 68 234)

Solubility m H2O depends on the amt of
H^O, in presence of which the silicic acid
is set free by dil acids, C02, or alkali salts +
Aq If H2O is present in sufficient quantity
to retain the silicic acid, much more will
remain in solution than can be dissolved by
digesting the gelatinous acid with H2O after-
waids 1 pt SiO2 can thus be held in solution
by 500 pts H2O Presence of NH4OH,
(NH4) CO3, or NH4C1 (in solutions of which
biO2 is lemaiknbly insol) diminishes the
power of H2O to i etam SiO2 in solution SiO2
is ilways more sol m dil than cone NH4OH
+Aq (Liebig, A 94 37 *)

Silicic acid fiom the coagulition of the col-
loid d form (sc c p S02) is sol in ibout 5000
pts H2() when formal fiom a 1% solution,
md 10,000 pts when foimod fiom i 5% solu-
tion, but is insol iHoi bcmgdiifd (Gi iliam,
A 121 3(>)

Silicic acid is in on sol in dil icids thin in

^O, bcoauso, whon Kid is added m excess
to moderately ehl K hiO^+Aq, the solution
lemiins ele w, but if only enough iciel is
added to neuti ilize the base piesent, silieie
acid will giaduxlly sepiritc out If acid is
added to cone KjSiOs+Aq, silieie acid sep-
arates out msol m <xcess of aeid, but if
20-30 pts H/) are present to 1 pt K2SiO8,
and an excess of acid addt d at once , the silieie
acid will remain m bolution Ibis result is
obtained with HC1, HNO3, H SO4, or

802

SILICIC ACID

HC2H aOa 4- Aa These solutions may dissolve
a neutral salt until saturated and no silicic
acid will separate out Therefore it is the
acid that holds the Si02 in solution, and not
the H20 (C J B Karsten, (1826) Pogg
> 353)

Even C02 has the power of holding Si02
n solution (Karsten, I c )

Solubility in acids of silicic acid of Struck-
aaann (see above) 100 pts dil HCl-f Aq of
L088sp gr dissolve 0 0172 g Si02in 11 days,
LOO pts H2O sat with CO2 dissolve 0 0136 g
SiOa in 7 days

Silicic acid obtained by passing SiF4 into
H2O is sol while still moist in 11,000 pts
cold, and 5500 pts boiling HCl+Aq of 1 115
sp gr (Fuchs, A 82 119 )

Silicic acid at the moment of separation (as
in dissolving cast-iron, steel, etc ) is abun-
dantly sol in aqua regia (3 pts HCl+Aq of
sp gr 1 13 and 1 pt HNO8+Aq of sp gr

I 33) (Wittstein, Z anal 7 433 )

The aq solution obtained by the hydroly-
sis of ethyl silicate is more stable in acids +
Aq or alkali than in pure H20 (Jordis, Z
anorg 1903,35 16)

NH4OH-j-Aq dissolves considerable freshly
precipitated silicic acid, (NH^COs only a
very lit tie (Karsten. Pogg 6 357)

Dry or ignited SiO2 is sol in NH4OH+
Aq 100 pts NH4OH+Aq containing 10%
NHs dissolve 0 714 pt SiO2 from gelatinous
silicic acid, 0 303 pt from artificially dried
silicic acid, 0 377 pt from amorphous Si02,
0 017 pt from quartz (Pnbram. Z anal 6
119)

NH4OH+Aq dissolves 0 382 pt Si02 from
dry silicic acid 0 357 pt from ignited Si02
0 00827 pt from quartz (Souchay, Z anal

II 182)

Silicic acidprecipitated from alkali silicates
-fAq with CO2 is sol as follows 100 pts
pure H2O dissolve 0021 pt Si02, 100 pts
(NH4)2C03+Aq containing 5% (NH4)2CO8
0 020 pt , 100 pts containing 1%(NH4)2CO3
0062 pt , 100 pts NH4OH+Aq containing
192% NH3, 0071 pt , 100 pts containing
16%, 00986 pt (Struckmann, A 94
341)

100 pts NH4OH-f Aq (10% NH8) dissolve
of crystallised SiO2, 0 017 pt } amorphou
SiO2, ignited, 0 38 pt , amorphous 3SiO_
4H2O, 0 21 pt , amorphous silicic acid in form
of jelly, 0 71 pt Upon evaporation no ppt
is formed, even when 80 mols Si02 are presen
to 1 mol NH3 (Wittstein, J B 1866 192

Sol in KOH or NaOH+Aq, especially :
warm (Dumas )

Sol in K2SiO8 or Na2Si03+Aq (Fuchs )

Easily sol in boiling Na2C03+Aq, separat
ing as a jelly on cooling (Pfaff )

NH4C1 or other NH4 salts ppt Si02 from
solution in Na^COs+Aq

100 pts T120 in H2O dissolve 4 17 pts
Amorphous SiO2 in 24 hours' boiling (Flem
iming, Jena Zeit 4t 36 )

Sol in butyl amine (Wurtz, A ch (3) 42
66)

Not moie sol in H20 containing sugar than
n pure H20 (Petzholdfc, J pr 60 368 )

loluble sihcic aad

Colloidal form by dialysis Solutions con-
aming 49% Si02 may be evaporated until
hey contain 14% Si02 The SiO2 is separated
:rom its solution thus made in many ways —

(1) By standing This happens the more
easily the more cone the solution is, and is
lastened by heat A 10-12 % solution gelatin-
zes at ordinary temp in a few hours, and

immediately upon heating A 5-6% solution
may be kept 5-6 days, a 2% solution, 2-3
months, and a 1% solution may be kept 2
or more years without gelatinizing

(2) When the solution is evaporated to dry-
ness in vacuo at 15° a transparent glass is left
which is msol in H20

(3) The coagulation of colloidal silicic acid
is accelerated by powdered graphite and other
indifferent bodies, and it is brought about in a
:ew minutes by a solution of the alkali car-
Donates, even when only Vio,ooo pt of the
carbonate is present (Graham, A 121 36 )

(4) Coagulation is also brought about by
passing C02 through the solution (Liebig )

CO2 does not cause coagulation (Maschie )

Coagulation is not caused by H2SO4, HC1,
HN03, HC2H302, H2C4H40G, or NH4OH+
Aq, or by neutral or acid salts+Aq (Gra
ham )

NaCl and Na2SO4+Aq coagulate the solu
tion (Maschke )

Alcohol, sugar, glycerine, or caramel dc
not coagulate

Soluble A1206H0, Fe2O6H6, ilbumen, and
casein precipitate soluble fei()2 (Gr ih im; A
121 36)

Ihe jelly from colloidal biO2 ib vciv sol 11
slightly alkaline H20 1 pt NaOH in 10,OOC
pts H20 dissolves in an houi it 100° in amt
of the jelly corresponding to 200 pts SiO
(Graham )

Other colloidal forms

Various solutions of silu u i<id m ty b<
obtained as follows

The jelly foimed when bil^ is pi&stt
through H20 dissolves in a laig( tint of II O
and Si02 separates out on cv ipoi ition 1 hi
is still sol in H20, but ib m idc nibol by ( vap
oration with HC1 or H2SO4 (Bcr/dwb )

When feiF4 is absorbed by crystallize
H3B03, and the HF and H3I3O3 n moved b
a large excess of NH4OH+Aq, a silu i< icid i
obtained which is very sol in H2O Ih
solution is not deoomp by boiling, but 01
evaporation an msol powder remains (Her
zelms, A ch 14 366 )

When K2Si03-f Aq is precipitated by CuCl
the precipitate washed and dissolved in HCl-j
ACL the solution treated with H2S filtered an<
boiled, a solution of silicic acid is obtains

SILICATE, ALUMINUM CALCIUM

803

whic

(Do\

W

Si02
gr, *
shgh
30P,
disso
treat
solut
can 1

6%S

tions
elect
preci
J pr

Si£
solut
kept
rated
becoi
resid
A Gl

Va
scrib
vary]
any 1
centc
air tc
ch (
Fuch
Berni

Silice
Th
cepti
only
abov

Aluir

Mi

tion

H20

4A

Al

bol 11
bOJ) 11

2\

sol i
+<
Al

Inw>l
dil 1
cxti i
rest (
Alltl

pt6 I

and t
Qu
De

due c
KC

gelatinizes with KOH or NH4OH-{-Aa
i, A ch (3) 21 40 ) q

n Na2SiO3+Aq containing at most 3%
i saturated with HCl+Aq of 1 10 sp
d Na2SiO3 added until the solution is
r opalescent and carefully warmed to
gelatinous mass is obtained which will
e in H20 by 12-16 hours' boiling if
I before being exposed to the an* The
n is slightly opalescent The solution

evaporated by heat until it contains
J2 In a vacuum or over H2S04, solu-
ontammg 10% may be obtained The

current, freezing, alcohol, or H2S04
tate or coagulate the solution (Kuhn,
)9 1 )

with H20 gives off H2S, and forms a
n of Si02 which, after dilution, can be
>r months But when boiled or evapo-
or when a sol silicate is added, it
s gelatinous It leaves an msol
when evaporated to dryness (Fremy,
(3) 38 314 )
ous forms of silicic acid have been de-

as definite compounds of Si02 with
g amounts of H20, but it is doubtful if
le definite compounds exist, as the per-
* of H20 varies with the moisture of the
tfhich it is exposed (See Ebelmen, A

16 129, Doveri, A ch (3) 21 40,

A 82 19, Merz, J pr 99 177, van
ricn, B 11 2232, etc)

silu itcb arc inbol in H20 with the ex-
i of the ilkali salts, and these are sol
h( n tho i it 10 of the base to the acid is
a c c rt un limit

mm silicate, 2A1 O», SiO +10H20
Collyiitt Sol m uidb, with forma-
Si() , cil () Becomes tiansparent in
id is <l< < oinp
),, *Si() Mm DUlniU
», SiO Mni AruialuMte, ChiastoLite,
ntii'i Di^thtru 01 Cyaniti Inbol in

7 If () Mm Allophane Completely
(hi i< ids, d< ( omp l)y(onc icids with
1011 nl SiO M O

)3, *N02+4JI 0 Mm Photon? In-
JIN(), + Aq
F2() Mm Gla/<n(
j, JSiO +2HO Mm Kaolin, Clay
\\ (\\\ IK 1 or UNOj+Aq, moderately
*>()(1+/Yq win n h< U( <i to ( viporation,
s Al ()t ind some Si()2, ina leaves the
tlu >Si(>2, sol m boiling Na2CO3+Aq
Al ( ) , is dissolve d by h( atmg with 5-6
S( ), + 1 pt 1 1/) until H4S04 evaporates,
n tr< ding with H ()
Uy attacked by H2SiK+Aq
>mp l>y boiling KOH+Aq, with resi-
biO2 (II immelsbeig )
I+Aq extracts ^ of the Si02 (Mala-

guti), is converted thereby into double sili-
cates of K and Al, which are sol m HCl+Aq
(Lemberg )

Solubility in KOH and HC1 increased if
first heated to a low glow (Glinka, C C
1899,11 1063)

Colloidal day (Schlosmg, C R 79 473 )

+4H20 Halloysite Decomp by acids

4A12O3, 9Si02 + 12H2O Min Porcelain
clay from Passau

A1203, 3Si02+3H2O Mm Razoumoff-
sktne

Alo03, 4Si02+7H20 Min Montmonl-
lonite Not decomp by HCl+Aq, but by
hot H2S04

+H20 Min Pyrophyllite Not decomp
by H2S04

+3H20 Min Anauxite

2A1203, 9Si02+6H20 Mm Cimolite

"Aluminum silicate" is msol m acetone
(Naumann, B 1904, 37 4328), ethyl acetate
(Naumann, B 1910, 43 314 )

Aluminum, barium silicate, Alo03, BaO, 2Si02
+H20 (?)

Mui Edingtomte Decomp by HCl+Aq
with separation of Si02, a;H2O

5A1208, 4BaO, 10Si02 (Fremy and Fell,
C R 86 1033)

2A1203, 4BaO, 7Si02 Min Barylite Very
si decomp by alkali carbonates + Aq (Blom-
strand )

Aluminum barium potassium silicate,
A1203, (Ba, K,)0, 5SiO2+2H20

Mm Harmotome When finely powdered,
difficultly decomp by HCl+Aq with separa-
tion of pulverulent Si02, £H20

A12O3, (Ba,K2)0. 4SiO2 Mm Hagalophane
Scarcely attacked by acids

Aluminum caesium silicate, H2Cs2Al2Si5Oi5 (?)
Mm Pollucite Very si decomp byHCl+
Aq

Aluminum calcium silicate, Al20s, CaO, 28162

Mm Anoithite Completely decomp by
HCl+Aq with separation of pulverulent Si02,
sHaO

Mm Barsowite Inst intaneously docomp
by HCl+Aq, with sepaiation of gtlatmous
SiG2, zH2O

+4H2O Mm Gismonhte Gelatinizes
with HCl+Aq

Al/)3, CaO, 3biO +3H2O Mm Scolezite
Tasily sol m HCl+Aq, without foimation of
gelatinous SiO2 Sol m HCO4+\q with
pptn ofCaC/)4

Decomp by, and sol to a ccitain extent in
H2C03+Aq, and decomp also even by pure
H20 (Rogers, Am J Sci (2) 5 40S )

+5H2O Mm Levyn Decomp by acids
without gelatinizing

A1208, CaO, 4Si02+3H20 Mm Capor-
cianite Leonhardite Efflorescent Easily

804

SILICATE, ALUMINUM CALCIUM FERRIC

sol in acids, with pptn of gelatinous Si02,

A12O3, CaO, 4Si02+4H20 Min Laumon-
tite Easily gelatinizes with HC1 or HN08+
Aq. but is not affected by H2S04 unless hot

A12O8, CaO, 6SiO2+5H20 Mm Epwld-
bite Gelatinizes with cone HC1 -j- Aq (Gold-
schmidt, Z anal 17 267 )

Scarcely decomp by boiling cone HC1+
Aq (Jannasch and Tenne, Muier Jahrb
1880, 1 43 )

+6H2O Stilbite H&ulandite Slowly
but completely gelatinized by HCl+Aq

A1208, 2CaO, 3Si02+H20 Min Prehmte
Imperfectly decomp by acids before ignition,
but easily afterwards

A12O8, 3CaO, 3Si02 Lvme alumina garnet
Grossulante Partially decomp by acids
before ignition, but easily afterwards

2A1208, CaO, 2Si02+H2O ~-
Not attacked by acids

3A12OS, 4CaO, 6Si02+H2O Zoisite Par-
tially decomp by HCl+Aq

4A12O8, 6CaO, 9Si02 Min Meiomte
Completely sol in HCl+Aq

Aluminum calcium feme silicate, 2A1203,

4CaO, Fe203, 6SiO2+H2O
Mm Epidote Only si attacked by HC1+
Aq before ignition

Aluminum calcium ferric magnesium silicate,
H14(Ca, Mg)4o(AJ2j

Min Vesuviamte Idiocrase Only partially
decomp by HCl+Aq before ignition

Aluminum calcium iron, etc , silicate borate,

HJRffCAl,, B2)3Si8032

Mm Amnite Not attacked by HCl+Aq
before ignition

Aluminum calcium magnesium silicate,
4H4Ca Mg8Si6O24, 5H2CaMgAl6Oi2 =
15A12O3, 13CaO, 37MgO, 24Si02 +
13H2O

Mm Chntonite Completely decomp by
HCl+Aq without gelatimzation

3H4Ca2Mg8Si6O24, 4H2CaMgAl60]2 Mm
Brandisite Not attacked by HCl+Aq
Slowly deccmp by boiling cone H2S04

5H4Ca2Mg8Si6O24, 8H CaMgAlfiOi2 Mm
Xanthophyllite Very si decomp by hot
HCl+Aq

3(Ca, Mg)O, A1203, 2Si02 Mm Gehlemte
Easily decomp by acids

Aluminum calcium potassium silicate,
(H, K)2CaAl2Si6016+6H2O
Mm Chabosite Decomp by HCl+Aq
(K2.Ca)Al2Si3Oio+4H2O Mm Zeagomte

Completely sol m HCl+Aq

Aluminum calcium sodium silicate, 3A1203,

SCaO, Na20, 9Si02
Mm Sarcohte Decomp by acids

2A1203, 12(Ca,Na2)0, 9SiO2 (?) Mm
Mellilite Gelatmized by acids

Na2CaAl4fei2Oi2 (?) Mm Margante

Na2CaAl4Siio028 Mm Faiijasite De-
comp by HCl+Aq

(Na2, Ca)Al2Si4012 Mm Gmehmte De-
comp by HCl+Aq

(Ca, Na2)Al2Si6Oi9+6H2O Min Foresite
Dn^icultly decomp by HCl+Aq

(Ca, Na2)Al2Si208+2^H2O Min Thvm-
somte Gelatmizes with HCl+Aq

sNa2Al2Si6016, 2/CaAl2Si208 Mm Ohgo-
clase, Labradonte SI decomp by acids,
more easily the larger the amt of Ca present

Aluminum calcium sodium silicate sulphate,

2(Na2, Ca)Al2(Si04)2, (Na2, Ca)S04
Mm Hauyn Gelatinizes with HCl+Aq

Aluminum glucinum silicate, Al20g, 3G10,
6Si02

Mm Beryl Emerald Not decomp by
acids, excepting partially by H2S04 after be-
ing ignited

A1203, 2G10, 2Si02+H20 Mm Euclase
Not attacked bv acids

Aluminum ferrous silicate, Al2Fe(SO4)3
Mm Garnet SI decomp by HCl+Aq
H2FeAl2SiO7 Mm Chlontoid Not at-
tacked by HCl+Aq Completely decomp
by H2S04

A1203, 3FeO, 3Si02+3H20 Mm Voig^te

Aluminum iron lithium potassium silicate,

KsLigFe^liAoOes
Mm Zmnualdite SI decomp b> acids

Aluminum ferrous magnesium silicate,

6A1203} 3(Mg, Fe)0, 6SiO2+H2O
Mm Staurohte Not attacked by a< ids

Aluminum feme magnesium silicate,

2(A12, Fe2)O<i, 2MgO, 5Si()
Mm Co^ente SI ittuk«l l>\
+o-H2O Mm Fsmaihid, Chl

Aluminum ferrous mauganous silicate, M O3,

I«cO, 2MnO; 3hiO
Mm Partschmite

Aluminum ferrous sodium, etc , silicate borate,

etc

Mm lowmalinc Notdccomp by IIC1 +
Aq, veiy si decomp by H<!feO4

Aluminum lithium silicate, A1203, Li O,

Not attacked by acids ( Haute feuille,

C R 90 541 )
AloOs, Li20, 6SiO;
A1203, Li20, 4Si02 [Mm Spodumene Not

attacked by acids

SILICATE, CAESIUM

805

3Li20, 30SiO2 Mm Petahte
by acids

Not

n lithium potassium silicate,
tepidohte SI decomp by acids
n magnesium silicate, 5A1203, 4MgO,

2

apphmne

n magnesium potassium silicate,
*2Al6Si6024, 2/Mgl2Si6021
Lepidomelane Easily decomp bv
N03+Aq, with residue of a skeleton

, 12MgO, 2K20, 12Si02+H20 Mm
, 35MgO, 7K20, 36Si02 Mm

4A12C
attacke

Aliinmm

(Li
Mm

Alumm

2S]
Mm

Alumm
xB

Mm
HClor
of Si02

3A12(
Anormt

7A12(
Phlogoj

Alumm n manganous silicate, 2A1203, 6MnO.

6S >2

Not comp byverydil HCl+Aq (Gor-

geu, C I 97 1303 )

Alumm m potassium silicate, A1203, K2O,
Si(

Very lowly decomp by cold H20, 12% is
dissolvi by hot H20 Sol in alkali hydrox-

ides+^ L, but insol m carbonates +Aq

K2O, U203, 2SiO2 Insol in cold H2O; but

6% di Dives on boiling Sol in dil acids

Insol i alkali hydroxides or carbonates + Aq

(Gorge A ch (6) 10 45 )

K2O3 ALOj, 3Si()2+3H2O Easily sol in

HN08 Aq (Deville, A ch (3) 61 313 )

K2O; Al ()-,, 4SiO Mm Leucile De-

comp y IICl-j-Aq with reparation of pul-

verulei Si()2

+41 i) Ppt (Dcviilc,C R 54 524)

H4K a,Si,() 4 Mm AfusroM'f, "Mica"

Not at ( k( (1 by JEC1 or II SO4+Aq

R2A1 M<),7+m,0 Mm Pimtt Pxrtly

decoini bylKl+Aq

K2A MiOn Mm Orlhodase Fehhptn
Scaiccl itti(lv«l by Kids Slowly sol in

H2&O4 >i HCl+Aci when hncly powdmd

(Rogti )

Alumu m potassium sodium silicate,

K USi(),)4, r>Ki Al2(Si()4)j (0

Mm Vei>h(lin< Do(omj) by HCl+Aq

Alumu m silver silicate, AI2A^4Si2()j

Inso mNII4()H+Aq (Silbci, B 14 941 )

AlbA Ni4Sio()4 Ab ibov< (Silbd )

Alumu
Inso

hot Hj
A12C

boiling

HNO3

m sodium silicate, AhOj, Na2O, Si02
in cold HjO, but 38-40% dissolves in

(Gorgeu )

NiO, 2Si02 Insol m cold H2O,
i2O dissolves 1-2% Sol in HC1 or
iluted with 10-20 vols H20 Insol

in alkali hydroxides or carbonates +Aq
(Gorgeu, A ch (6) 10 145 )

Not attacked by H20 (Silber, B 14 941 )

+3H2O Easily sol in HCl+Aq (v
Ammon )

A12O8, Na20, 3Si02+3H20 Decomp by
acids (Deville, A ch (3) 61 326 )

A12OS, Na2O, 4Si02+3H2O Easily sol in
HCl+Aq (v Ammon )

2A120S, 3Na20, 3Si02 Insol in cold H20,
but 27-30% dissolves on boiling (Gorgeu )

H4Na2Al6Si<j024 Mm Paragomte De-
comp by cone H2S04

Na2Al2Si4Oi2+2H20 Mm Anackte
Readily decomp by HCl+Aq

Na2Al2Sis010+2H20 Mm Natrohte Sol
in H2O with separation of SiO2 Also sol in
H2C2O4+Aq

N"a2Al2Si6Oi8 Min Albite Not attacked
by acids

Aluminum sodium silicate chloride,

3Na2Al2(Si04)2, 2NaCl
Mm Sodahte Easily decomp by HC1,
and HNOs+Aq

Aluminum sodium silicate sulphate,

3Na2Al1(Si04)2, Na2S04
Mm Nosean Easily decomp by HC1+
Aq

Aluminum sodium silicate sulphide
See Ultramarine

Barium silicate, BaSiOs

Somewhat sol m boiling H2O Completely
sol in dil HCl+Aq (v Ammon )

+6H2O, or 7H O Boiling H20 decom-
poses, and dissolves about % the weight of
this substance de Chateher, C R 92 931 )

2BaO, fei02 Decomp by H2O into BaSi03
+(>H2() (1 audrm )

Bismuth silicate, 2Bi203, 3SiO2

Mm Eulytite Decomp by HCl+Aq

Bismuth feme silicate, Bi2Fc4Si4O17
Mm Bismuthofemte

Boron calcium silicate

See Borate silicate, calcium, and Silicate
borate, calcium

Cadmium silicate, CdSiOs + lJ^H O

Sol in IICl+Aq with deposition of pul-
voiulcnt Si02, zII2O (Rousseau ind Tito,
C R 114 1202)

Caesium silicate, Cb2SiO3
(Kahlcnberg, J phys
82)

Chem 1898, 2

806

SILICATE, CALCIUM

Calcium silicate, CaSiOa

Slowly sol in H2O, sol in HCl+Aq

Sol in about 100,000 pts H2O (Gorgeu,
A ch 1885, (6) 4 550 )

100 cc sat aq solution of air dried cal-
cium silicate contains 0 0046 g CaO=0 0095
g CaSiOa at 17° (Weisberg, Bull Soc
1896, (3) 15 1097)

100 cc sat solution of air dried calcium
silicate in 10% sugar solution at 17° contains
00065 g CaO~ 00135 g CaSiO$, 20% sugar
solution, 0 0076 g CaO«0 0175 g CaSi08

After boiling' and filtering hot, 10% sugar
solution contains 00094 g CaO =00195 g
CaSiOs, 20% sugar solution, 0 0120 g CaO «
0 0249 g CaSiOs (Weisberg )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910,43 314)

4CaO, 3Si02 (Laudrm )

5CaO, 3Si02+5H20 When freshly pre-
cipitated is somewhat sol m H2O and easily
decomp by HCl-|-Aq (v Ammon )

CaO, 3Si02+2H20 (Hjeldt, J pr 94
129)

2CaO. 9Si02+3H20 Ppt

CaSiOa Mm Wollastonite Gelatinizes
with HCl+Aq

CaSi205+2H2O Mm Ok&mte Easily de-
comp by cold HCl+Aq when powdered

Calcium glucinum silicate sodium fluoride,

(Ca, Gl)i5SiuO4s, 6NaF
Mm Leucophane
7(Ca, Gl)3Si207, 6NaF Mm Mehnophane

Calcium ferrous silicate, CaSi08, FeSiOs

Mm Hedenbergite, Pyroxene SI decomp
by acids

Calcium feme silicate, Ca8Fe2(Si04)8
Mm Garnet SI decomp by HCl+Aq
2CaSiOs, 11 Fe2(Si08)3 Mm Szaboite

SI attacked by HCl+Aq, and still less by

H2SO4+Aq

Calcium ferroferric silicate, 2CaO, 4FeO,
Fe208, 4Si02+H20 ^H2Ca2Fe4Fe2Si40i8
Mm Lievnte Ilvaite Easily gelatinizes
with HCl+Aq

Calcium ferrous magnesium silicate,

(Ca, Fe, Mg)Si08

Mm Amphibole, Hornblende, Asbestos,
Actvnohte, Tremohte Only si attacked by
acids

Calcium ferrofemc sodium silicate, CaSiO8.

FeSiOs, Fe2(Si08)8, Na2Si03
Mm Aegvnte

Calcium magnesium silicate, CaO, MgO,
4Si02

fMutschler, A 176 86 )

Ca2Si04, Mg2Si04 Min Monttcelhte
Completely sol in dil HCl+Aq

(Ca,Mg)SiOs Mm Dwpside, Pyroxene
Very si attacked by acids

Calcium mangauous silicate, CaSiOs,

2MnSi08
Mm Bustarmte

Calcium potassium silicate
See under Glass

Calcium sodium silicate, (Ca, Na2, H2)SiOs
Mm PectoUe Decomp by HCl+Aq
See under glass

Calcium sodium silicate zirconate,

Na4Ca(Si,Zr)902i+9H20
Mm Wohleiile Decomp by HCl+Aq

Calcium uranyl silicate, 3CaO, 5U03, 6Si02+

18H20

Mm Uranophane Gelatinizes with acids
CaO, 3U03, 3Si02+9H20 Mm Uranotile

Calcium silicate chloride, 2CaO, Si02, CaCl2
Insol in H20 or alcohol Sol in HCl+Aq
(le Chatelier, C R 97 1510 )

Calcium silicate fluoride, 2CaO, 3Si02, 6CaF2
(Deville, C R 52 110 )

Calcium silicate potassium fluoride,

4H2CaSi206, KF+4H20
Mm Apophylhte Decomp by HCl+Aq

Calcium silicate stannate
See Sihcostannate, calcium

Calcium silicate titanate, CaO, SiO2, Ti02

(Hautefeuille, A ch (4)4 154)

Mm Titamte Incompletely decomp by
HCl+Aq, wholly by H2S04+Aq

Cerous silicate, Ce2(SiOs)s

More or less attacked by HC1, HN08, or
H2S04+Aq, according to the concentration
(Didier, C R 101 882 )

Cerium didymium lanthanum silicate,

2(Ce,La,Di)208, 3Si02
Mm Cente Gelatinizes with HCl+Aq

Cenum glucinum yttrium silicate,

(Y,Ce Gl)2Si06

Mm Gadohmte Easily gelatinized by
HCl+Aq

Cerous silicate chloride, 2Ce208, 3SiO2,

4CeCla-Ce4(Si04)8, 4CeCl8
Insol in H20, but slowly decomp thereby
(Didier, C R, 101 882 )

SILICATE, MAGNESIUM, FLUOSILICATE

807

Cobaltous dicate, Co2Si04

Gelatin es with HCl+Aq (Bourgeois. C

R 108 1 77)

Cupnc sil ate, CuH2Si04

Mm wptase Sol in HC1, HNOs, or

NH4OBH ^qwith separation of Si02 Not

attacked /KOH+Aq

CuSiOj 2H20 Mm Chrysocolla De-

oomp by ICl+Aq

+ 3H2( Mm Asperolite Easily de-

comp bj EICl+Aq

"Uupn silicate" is insol in methyl acetate

(Naumar , B 1909, 42 3790 )

Cupnc s: cate ammonia, CuSi206, 2NHS

Ppt ichiff, A 123 38 )

Glucinur silicate,
Mm ^enacite Not attacked by acids

Glucinut ferrous manganous silicate ferrous

mar anous sulphide, 3(G1, Fe, Mn)2Si04,

(Mr Fe)S

Mm lelwne Decomp by HCl+Aq

Iron (fe] >us) silicate, Fe2Si04

Mm Fayahte Gelatinizes with HC1+

FeSiO Mm Grunente

+6H • Mm Chlorophite

4FeO 3iO2 (Zobel, Dmgl 154 111 )

Iron (fe tc) silicate, Fe2Si809+5H20

Mm Vontronite Gelatinizes with hot

acids

4Fe2C 9SiO2+18H20 Mm Hvangente

2Fe2C 9SiO2+2H20 Mm Anthosider-

ite

Iron (f< rofemc) magnesium sihcate,

(F< Mg)3Fe2Si2Oio+4H20

Mm Cronstadtite Gelatinizes with
acids

Iron (fe ofemc) sodium sihcate, 5Na2SiOs,

2F siO3, 4Fe2(Si03)8
Mm Aknite SI decomp by acids

Iron (f TOUS) magnesium silicate, Fe2SiO4,

M SiO4

Mm Oluene, Chrysolite, Pendote Gelat-
inizes i th HC1 or H2S04+Aq

(Fe, [g)SiO8+3/2H20 Mm Picrophylhte

+ }4 2O Mm Monradite

(Fe, g)biO8 Mm Bronztie, Hypersthene

Not at eked by acids

xMg iO8, 2/FeSi03 Mm Anthophyllite

Not at icked by acids

Iron ( rrous) manganous silicate, Fe2SiO4;

W 2Si04

Mm Knebehte Gelatinizes with HC1+
Aq

[ton (ferrous) manganous silicate chloride,

7(Fe,Mn)Si08, (Fe,Mn)Cl2+5H20
Mm Pyrosmahte Completely decomp
by cone HNOa+Aq

Iron (ferric) potassium silicate, Fe(SiOs)«,

K2SiO8
(HautefeuiUe and Perrey, C R 107 1150 )

Iron (feme) sodium silicate, Na2Fe2SuOi2
Mm Crokydolite Not attacked by
acids

Lead silicate

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329), methyl acetate (Naumann, B 1909,
42 3790)

See under Glass

Lithium silicate, Li2Si50n

Li4Si04

Li2SiOa More stable towards H20 than
the other qJkftl.i metasihcates (Hieke and
Endell, C C 1911, I 7 )

Decomp by boiling H20 and acids (Fne-
del, C C 1901, II 89 )

Scarcely attacked by cold H2O (Friedel,
Bull Soc Mm 1901, 24 141 )

Insol m ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1904,37 3601), methyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1909,42 3790)

Magnesium silicate, MgsSi207+2H20

Mm Serpentine Decomp by HCl+Aq,
more easily by H2S04

Mm Chrysotile

Mg4Si8Oio+6H20 Mm Gymmts, Soap-
stone Decomp by H2SO4

MgSiOa Not completely decomp by
HCl+Aq

+J£H20 Mm Aphrodite Decomp by
hot acids

+}^H20 Mm Picrosmine

+12/8H20 Sol mdil acids (v Ammon )

Mm Forstente

3MgO, 4SiO2+H20 or 4MgO, 5Si02 +
%H20 Mm Talc or Steatite Not at-
tacked by HC1 or H2S04+Aq

Mg6fei6Oi7+4H20 Mm Spadaite De-
comp by cone HCl+Aq

Mg2Si808+4H2O Mm Meerschaum
Decomp by HCl+Aq

"Magnesium silicate," is insol in methyl
acetate (Naumann, B 1909, 42 3790)

Magnesium potassium silicate,

MgO, K20, 3Si02

Easily sol in acids with decomp (Du-
bom, C R 1895, 120 681 )

Magnesium silicate fluosilicate,

Mg6Si2F18

Mm Humite, Chondrodite Gelatinizes
withHClorH2S04+Aq

SOS

SILICATE, MANGANOUS

Manganous silicate, Mn2Si04

Mm Tephrmte Decomp by HCl+Aq
with formation of a, stiff jelly

MuSiOi Mm Rhodonite, Hermanmte
Not attutkttl by llCl+Aq

Mn*Sul>io+2Ha<) Mm Fneddite
} luuly gUatini/cKl by HCl+Aq

Manganoutt tube ate91 is msol in ethyl
uututi (Nuumann, B 1910, 43 314)

Mangamws zinc silicate, (Mn,Zn)aSi04
Mm Troostite

Maneaiious silicate chloride, MnSiO», MnO,

MnCls
Docomp by Ha<> (Gorgeu )

Nickel silicate,

Kjwtlyti
108 1077)

by unds (Bourgeois, C R

Potassium silicate,

Comphtdy »ol in HaO (Ordway, Sill
Am J (2) 3d U)

Htd in nutlnl acotatc (Naumum, B
42 *7<N))

Sol in II O Cone K bi240G4-Aq
'tjof th( salt, and hab &p gi 1 25
(I

Hycirtmcopic Decomp at once by H20
(Mony, J Am Chem Soc 1914,36 222)

KjMhOt Pufmlly sol m H O is K SiO3

K Si 4O4t» f 1(>II O Ins>l in H O (I'oich-
h unint t )

1 h< K silu ttcK in pptd from the n iqn< )iis
solution b\ d< ohol \\ith pntial dtcornp , but
li ss it u!il\ thin N L M!K ihs

Mon s >1 in HO thin the conospoiiding
N i silts lOnl* m Sill Vm 1 (2) 32 lr>r

Solul i in < in b< obt un< <1 \\ hi( h is pc rf < c t
t li u vsliin 1 l j^i< > in pi i suit to IKO if
thd< in no itnpnntirs i)i(s<nt (Oidw IN J

I ht K sih< it<s ics(inl)I( tin Ni silts
uhi'li sf < foi fuithti d it i

Potassium hydrogen silicate, Kllsi ()

Not it uhlv lib < t«l b\ H O, ( \< n b\ tn it

UH nt it 101) iui s< vi i il houis

I)( ( oinp b\ h< it ing \vith dil IK 1 (Moi(\,

I \in ( h< m So< 1<)1 1, 36 222 )

Potassium zinc silicate

Sol in KOH I \<i USchindlc i )

Kt(), OXnO, 4Si()2 bol in HCl+Aq (Du-

boin < H l^H"), 141 2 >r> )

bK2O, OZnO, ITfeiO^ Sol in IICl+Aq

(Duboin )

Potassium zirconium silicate, KO /i() ,
Duoinji by 1K1+\<1 (Mdliss)

Rubidium silicate, lib Si(>i

L,, J ph>s Chcm 1SOS, 2 S2 )

Silver silicate, Ag2SiO3

Decomp by all acids, sol m NH4OH+Aq
(Hawkins, Sill Am J 139 311 )

Sodium silicate, Na2Si03

Hapidly decomp by H2O (Morev, J
\m Chem Soc 1914, 36 224)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1909, 42 3790 )

-f 5, 6. and 8H2O Easily sol in H20

-h9H20 Solubihty in >f-N NaOH-j-
Aq

100 ccm of the solution contain 25 56 g
Na2SiO3+9H2O at 175°

Sp gr of the solution = 1 129 (Vester-
berg, C C 1913 777 )

100 ccm of a sat solution of sodium sili-
cate in J^-N NaCl+Aq contain 3 83 g
Na2SiO3+9H2O at 17 5 ° Sp gr of solution

115

100 ccm of a sat solution of sodium silicate
in sat NaClH-Aq contain 20 64 g Na^SiOs
+9HaO at 17 5° (Vesterberg )

Na2Si205 Sol m H20

Slowly decomp by cold H20 (Morey
J Am Chem Soc 1914, 36 223 )

Na4Si6Oi2

Na»Si3O

Na2fei4O9 Slowly sol m H O

+ 12H20

\bove compounds are all more or less
indefinite

Water glass a;Na2O, ?/&iO +-zH O Sol
in H O, but solution is decomposed by all
vvcik acids, evtn CO2

1'used water glaws is but little acted on by
cold H O, but when pure, cabily dissolves m
HO by long boiling (Oidwiy, \m J Sci
(2) 32 ^7)

When the vSi() is picsont in gu Ltd piopoi-
tiori than m Na/J, iSiO , it iss vuv cliflicult
to dissohe m H2()

N i silicate is lesb oisily bol in Jf () th in
the corresponding K compound

Solubility of u ltd ghsa in HO is much
imp UK d by ( uthy irnpuii(i< s, so th it tn«s
hi\( gu it ciTc( t m pn venting tin solubilitv

\Hi siltb (hfomp ^ ltd £\ iss solutions
\ solution font lining ! 2(/t N" i Si( ), is s< u<( 1>
pn(ipitit(d by NHt( 1, lint < isil\ b>
iNIfjNO (Mtukmgd )

PiuipitiLcd by NIIiOJI+ \<j is N i Si(),

]\1 xny sodium ind pot issiuin sills <sp<-
( i illy th( (hlond(s ind u< t it< s, foim pn dj)i-
t it(^s in solutions of w it( r gl iss th<s< pi<-
cipit itcb uc lugcr tht moK ( OIK ( nti itcd
tht solution is, ind th< KK ltd irnount oi
^i(),! it cont uns Heating hist CMS th< pio-
cipititif>n by chloiuhs, niti it( s, ind sul-
pli itc b, but ck 1 iys th it by ic < t it< s K< )H -h
\cj dotb not pruipitxte

Cold sat Na^bO^+Aq does not prc rij)itite
( v( n on heating, but 1 pt anyhvch ous N i S04
dissolved in 2 pts H2O pneipitxtts i hot
solution of Na2SiO3

SILICATE, ZINC

809

NaNO

Na2Si03

pts H2C

Na2Si03,

equal vo

solidifies

solves on

+Aq ar

the preci

If 1 ]

.added to

but by ]

to 2 pts

pptd , bi

ating ag

4- Ad is

and hea

which s(

temp

The r

separate

Most of

tion, bu

power u

especial]

Brom

phenole

•drate, c

tion pp1

dextrine

of urea

convolv

dissolve

(Fluckn

Alcor

.aqueouc

but the

tending

silicate

dissolve

tains m

Man

glass as

Like al

posing

sihceou

cate M

when i

of the

positioi

tion of

the avc

Diffc

power,

culaily

power

trates,

The c

efhcien

gives c

even a

dissolved in 1 pt H20 precipitate
Aq of 1 392 sp gr , NaN03 in 2
when mixed with a solution of
s above, if the two are present in
, causes no ppt in the cold, but
vhen warmed to 54°, and redis-
ooling rapidly, but if 2 vols NaN03
present to 1 vol Na2Si03-l-Aq,
tate dees not disappear on cooling
NH4OH+Aq (0921 sp gr ) is
0 pts Na2SiOa-hAq, no ppt forms,
creasing the amt of NH4OH-fAq
the greater pt of the Na2Si03 is
redissolves on heating to 90°, separ-
a on cooling When 1 pt NH4OH
added to 6-8 pts Na2SiOs-|-Aq
d to 3C°, a clear liquid is formed
arates into two layers at ordinary

MHS04, MHCOj, MHP04,
ppt Si02 NH4 salts also ha\e that effect

Pptd water glass, as mentioned abo\ e, is
much more sol m H 0 than ordinary \\ater
glass, and dissolves in H O without decomp
For numerous further details, see articles by
Ordway m Sill ^m J Sci \ols 32 and 33,
also Storer's Diet

Sp gr of water glass solution containing
14-15% SiO , 13-14% \a O, and 70-72%
H20 is 1 30-1 35 (Hager, Comm 1883 )

Sp gr of sat Na Si084-Aq freshly pre-
pared at 18° is 1 2600, and 1 litre contains 4 5
gramme-equivalents J^XaoSiOs

Sp gr of sat solution of Na 0, 3 4Si02 is
1366, and 1 litre contains 37 gramme-
equivalents ^(NaO, 34SiO) (Kohl-
rausch, Z phys Ch 12 773 )

alkalin

Na2»<

Na2<

or Na

>st sol K, Na, Li, and NH4 salts
SiO2 from cone Na2Si02+Aq
hese salts lose this power by dilu-
the NH4 salts and KSON keep ttos
il the solution is very dil 1 his is
the case with NH4C1 and NH4N03
e, chlorine, propvl amme, crecsDte,
dissolved m glycerine, chloral hy-
albumen solution, and glue solu-
SiO2 from Na2Si03+Aq, but sugar,
glycerine, urea, fal alkaline solution
utrate, coniine, nicotine, saponme,
me, jalappine, and colophomum
m KOH+Aq do not ppt Si02
er, Arch Pharm (2) 144 97 )
I ppts water glass as such from its
olution, even when this is very dil ,
is some decomposition, the alcohol
o hold in solution a portion of a
aorc alkaline than that previously
in H/), while the ppt formed oon-
c Si()2 than the ongmal silicate
neutral K or Na salts ppt water
ich when added to aqueous solutions
>hol, these solutions exert a decom-
ction, the ppt being always more
thin the oiiKinal silicate Na sili-
db i Uiger deposit than K silicate,
ihcit( of one ba&e is pptd by a salt
hoi, both bases enter into the com-
of the ppt, and the relative propor-
x md K ib very nearly the same as m
tgo ot the liquids mixed
nt baits have veiy unequal pptg
10 icct itcb and chlorides being parti-
fhridit Heat increases the pptg
f tht chlorides, sulphates, and m-
nd diminishes that of the acetates
di icetates are somewhat more
thin the chlorides, but NaCjHiOs
ly a slight ppt with NaoO, 2>4tei<Jo,
r some time

>* has but little effect on the more
silicates ,T XTn

)4 has still less power than NaNO 3
J3 has no pptg power, and Na3AsO4
O4 have very little effect

Sodium zirconium silicate, XagO, ZrO2, SiO
Decomp by hot EUO or HC1+ ^ (Gibbs,

0, 8Zr02, Si02-KlH 0 Decomp b\
H2S04 (Melhss)

Strontnam silicate, SrSi03

(Stem, Z anorg 1907, 55 164 )

-fH 0 Sol m H O (Jordis and Kanter,

Z anorg 1903,35 90)
Sr2Si04 (Stem, Z anorg 1907 55 IB/ )
3SrO, SiO, SI sol m H O Sol in acids

CVauquelm)

Thallous silicate, 3T1 0, lOSiO

100 pts of a solution of Tl O dissohe 4 17
pts Si02 by 24 hours' boiling Sol in H O
(Flemmmg, J B 1868 251 )

Thonum sihcate, ThO , SiO

Insol in acids \ttacked fo KHSO4
(Troost and Ouvrard, C R 105 255 )

+1^HO Mm Thonte Decomp b\

ThO , 2SiO Inbol m acidb or L\HSO4
(T andO)

Yttnuin silicate, \ 03 Si0

Attacked b} HC1, HNO 01 HsO4n-A,q
(Dubom, C R 107 99 )

Zinc silicate, ZnSi03

(Stem, Z anorg 1907, 55 16o )

Zn2Si6 Mm Willemite Gehtmizts
with HC1 + ±<\ » sol in KOH -f \q

Decomp by cold sat citnc acid+\q
(Bolton C N 1881 43 34 )

+HO Mm Calamine ^olinHCl+\q
^ith separation of gelatinous _SiO, xH O
Sol m HC H30 +\q, and KOH+\a

Insol in NH4OH + CNHOCO,+ ^
(Brandhorst, Zeit ange^ Ch 1904, 17 '

ZnO, 3SiO (Borntiager, Ch Z 1S
186)

810

SILICATE, ZIRCONIUM

Zirconium silicate, Si02, Zr02

Mm 7vrcon Insol in acids, except H2S04,
in which it is very slowly and si sol

3Si02, 2Zr02 Min Auerbachite

" Sikcium oxide," SisH2O5

(Geuther, J pr 96 430 ) This substance
is identical with silicoformic anhydride ac-
cording to Otto-Graham;s Handb anorgan
Chem 7teAufl 2 953

Siliciuretted hydrogen
See Silicon hydride

Silicobromofprm, HSiBr8
Fumes on air, decomp by H20

Silicochloroform, HSiCl3

Decomp by H20 and alcohol

Completely miscible with CS2, CC14, CHC18,
C6Hr, SiCl4, SnCl4, TiCl4, and AsCl8 (Ruff,
B 1905, 38 2230 )

Silico ethane
See Silicon hydride

Sihcofluorofonn, SiHF8

Decomp by H20 Decomp by NaOH
and abs alcohol with evolution of hydrogen
Decomp by abs ether Sol in toluene
(Ruff, B 1905, 38 63 )

Sikcofonmc anhydride,

H2Si2O8 = (HSiO)20

Somewhat sol in H20 Acids, even cone
HNO3+Aq, have no action, except HF, which
dissolves it easily with evolution of hydrogen
Solutions of alkali hydrates, ammonium hy-
drate, and alkali carbonates +Aq also dis-
solve with evolution of hydrogen (Ruff and
Wohler, A 104 101 )

Silicoiodoform, HSiI3

Decomp by H20 Sol m CS2 (Friedel,
A 149 96)

Misoible with C6Htt and CS2 (Ruff, B
1908, 41 3739 )

Sikcomethane, SiH4
See Silicon hydride

Sihcomethyl chloride, SiH8Cl

Decomp by H2O and by alkalies (Besson
and Fournier, C R 1909, 148 556 )

Silicomethylene chloride, SiH2Cl2

Decomp by H2O and by alkalies (Besson
and Fournier, C R 1909, 148 556 )

Sihcomolybdic acid, Si02, 12Mo03-h

26H20

Very easily sol in H20 and dil acids
(Parmentier, C R 94 213 )

Forms a solution with a little ether, which
separates into two layers by addition of HaO
or more ether (Parmentier, C R 104 686 )
(Copaux, Bull Soc Min 1906, 29 79 )

+32H20 Decomp by alkali (Asch, Z
anorg 1901, 28 293 )

+33H20 (Copaux, Bull Soc Mm 1906,
29 79)

Aluminum sihcomolybdate, 2A12O3, 3(Si02,

12Mo08)+93H20
(Copaux, A ch 1906, (8) 7 118 )

Aluminum sodium sihcomolybdate, 4(Na20,
A1208, 2Si02), Na2MoO4+7H20

Sol in HCl-fAq
1892, 2 87 )

(Thugutt, Z anorg

Ammonium sihcomolybdate
Sol in H2O (Parmentier, C R 94 213 )

Barium sihcomolybdate, 2BaO, SiO2, 12Mo05
+16H2O

(Copaux, A ch 1906, (8) 7 118 )

+22H20 Sol in 4 pts H20 (Copaux,
Bull Soc Mm 1906, 29 80 )

+24H2O Efflorescent Very sol m H20
(Asch, Z anorg 1901, 28 282 )

+29H2O Efflorescent (Copaux, A ch
1906, (8) 7 118 )

Cadmium, silicomolybdate, 2CdO, Si02,

12Mo08+22H20

Very unusually sol in H20 (Copaux, A
ch 1906, (8) 7 140 )

Caesium silicomolybdate

SI sol m H20, msol m silicomolybdic
acid-f Aq

Calcium sihcomolybdate. 2CaO, SiO2,
12MoO8+24H20

Efflorescent Very sol m H2O (Asch,
Z anorg 1901,28 282)

-f 26H20 (Copaux, A ch 1906, (8) 7 118 )

4-31H20 (Copaux )

Chromium silicomolybdate,

12MoO3)+93H2O
(Copaux )

Cupnc silicomolybdate, 2Cu(), SiO , 12MoO3

+31H2O
Very sol m H2O (Copaux )

Lithium silicomolybdate, 2Li2O, fei() , 12MoO3
+29H20

Very sol m H2O (Copaux )

Magnesium silicomolybdate, 2MgO, biO^.
12MoO3+30H20

(Asch, Z anorg 1901, 28 282 )

+31H20 Very efflorescent and sol m
H2O (Copaux )

SILICON BROMOSULPEIDE

811

icomolybdate, 2K20, SiO2,
|-16H2O

Very sol m H20 (Asch, Z
'8 282)

)2, 12Mo03 4- 14H20 (Asch )
with decomp (Copaux )

,ilver sikcomolybdate, K2O,

2(Si02, 12Mo03)+14H20,
, +30H2O

with decomp Sol unchanged

r liquor (C< "

) 293)

r liquor (Copaux, Bull Soc

icomolybdate
I20

nclybdate, 1 5Ag20, Si02,

Potassium
12MoO

Effloresce
anorg 1901

1 5K20, £

Sol inH

Potassium

3Ag20,

+22H
Sol mH
m dil mot
Min 1907,

Rubidium e

SI sol in

Silver silic
12MoC

Sol in cc

2Ag20, S
by boiling ]

4Ag20, S

Sodium si
12Mo(

(Copaux

2Na20, *
in H2O E

+22H20

1 5Na2O

3Na2O,
paux )

Strontium

12Mo<

(Copaux

Zinc sihcoi riybdate, 2ZnO, Si02, 12Mo03 +

31H2C
Extreme sol m H2O (Copaux )

Silicon, S

Amarph* s Insol in H2O Sol before
igniting m old HF Insol m other mineral
acids and uiiegu Sol in cone KOH +Aq
When am phous Si ib ignited, it becomes
insol in H and KOH-hAq

Amorpb is Si is sol in aqua regia and in
a mixture )f HN03 and HF (Vigouroux-
Moissan, I R 1895, 12O 367 )

Insol 11 liquid CO2 (Buchner, Z phys
Ch 1906, I 674) ^ T

Insol 11 liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898 20 J 0)

Graphit Sol m HNO.+HF (Ber-
zehus, A I 247 )

Cry stall e Insol in all acids, except a
mixture oi IFandHNO3 Sol in moderately
cone KO -f-Aq even when cold (Deville )

Althoug it has been generally understood
that crysl llized Si is not attacked by J±b,
it is now f md that this applies only to HF+

I H20 (Asch )

)2, 12MoO3+12H20 Decomp

0 Sol m NH4OH+Aq

) j, 12Mo03 + 15H20 (Asch )

-omolybdate, 2Na20, Si02,
+14H20

D2, 12MoO3H-21H20 Very so]
[orescent (Asch )
(Copaux )

3iOs, 12MoO3+17H20 (Asch)
SiO,, 12MoO3)+17H20 (Co-

dicomolybdate, 2SrO, SiO2,
+26H20

Aq Gaseous HF readily attacks cnst Si
(Newth, C N 1896, 72 287 )

Si cryst from Ag is incompletely sol in
HF According to the temp to which the
Ag Si mixture has been heated, the following
percentages of Si are dissolved m HF 970°,
5802%, 1150°, 2766%, 1250°, 19%, 1470°,
16% (Moissan and Siemens, C R 1904,
138 657,1300)

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 830 )

Silicon amide, Si(NH2)4

Unstable, decomp by H2O and partially
decomp by HN03, sol in most organic sol-
vents (Lengfeld, Am Ch J 1899, 21 531 )

Decomp by H2O, insol m liquid \H8
(Vigouroux, C R 1903, 136 1670 )

Silicon in'bonde, SiB3

Slowly attacked by HN03 Decomp by
hot cone H2S04 or fused KOH (Moissan,
C R 1900, 131 142 )

Silicon Aercabonde, SiB6

Readily attacked ty HNO3 Slowly de-
comp by hot cone H2S04 Not attacked b>
fused KOH (Moissan, C R 1900, 131 142 )

Silicon tfnbromide Si2Br6

Decomp by KOH+A.q (Friedel and
Ladenburg, A 203 253 )

HSiBr3 See Sihcobromoform

Silicon fefrabromide, SiBr4

Rapidly decomp by H 0, decomp m sev-
eral days by H2S04 (Friedel and Ladenburg,
A 147 362)

Silicon bromide, Si3Br8

(Besson, C R 1910, 151 1056 )
Si4Brxo (Besson )

Disilicon hydrogen peritobrcmide, HSi Br or

Si Br5 (?)

Decomp by H 0 (Mahn, Zeit Chem (2)
5 279)

Silicon te^rabromide ammorua, SiBr4, 6\H3
Decomp fry H 0 (La\, Dissert 1910)
SiBr4 7NH3 Decomp b\ H O < Besson

C R 110 240)

Silicon bromoiodide, SiIBr3

Decomp by H O Sol in CS (Fiiedel,
B 2 60)

SiBrI2 Asabo\e (F )

SiBrI 4.B above (F )

Silicon bromosulphide, SiSBi2

Decomp in moist air Violentl} decomp
by H20 Sol m CS and other organic sol-
vents (Blix, B 1903, 36 4218 )

812

SILICON CARBIDE

Silicon carbide, SiC

Very stable, msol m H2S04 and HNO ,
sol in fused KOH at red heat (Moissan,
Bull Soc 1894, (3) 11 997 )

Cryst modification Insol in acids, sol
in fused alkalies (Moissan, C R 1893, 117
427)

Insol in all acids, sol in molten alkalies
(Muhlhaeuser, Z anorg 1894, 5 116 )

See SJundum

Silicon sw&chloride, SiCl2 (?)

Decomp by H2O (Troost and Haute-
feuille, A ch (5) 7 463 )

Silicon Znchlonde, Si2C6

Decomp by H20 and alkalies (Troost and
Hautefeuille A ch (5) 7 459 )

SiHCla 8ee Sihco chloroform

Silicon teirachloride, SiCl4
Decomp by H2O and alcohol

Silicon ocZochJonde, Si3Cl8

" Perchlorsilicopropane " Decomp byH20
(Gattermann, B 1894, 27 1947 )

y d6)

cobutane " Decomp
air (Besson )
cohexane " Decomp
1909, 148 841 )

oux^un ZnchJoride ammonia, Si2Cl6, 5NH3

Slowly decomp by H20 (Besson, C R
110 516)

Silicon tefrachlonde ammonia, SiCl-i, 6NHs
Decomp by H2O (Persoz, A ch 44 319 )

Silicon chloroiodide, SiCl3I
Decomp byH20 (Besson, C R 112 611 )
SiCl2I2 As above (B )
SiCHs As above (B )

Silver chloroiodide ammonia, 2SiCl3I, 11NHS
(Besson )

, 5NH8

Silicon tefrachloride hydrazine, SiCl4, 4N2H4
Extremely hygroscopic and quickly de-
comp by H2O (Lay, Dissert 1910 )

Silicon chlorobromide, SiCl3Br

Decomp by H20 (Fnedel and Laden-
burg, A 145 187 )

SiCLBr2 As above (Friedel and I aden
burg )

SiBr3Cl Decomp by H20 (Reynolds
Chem Soc 51 590)

Silicon chlorobromide ammonia, 2SiCl3Br

UNHa

Decamp byH2O (Besson, C R 112 788
SiCl2Br2, 5NH3 As above (B )
2SiClBr3, UNHs As above (B )

Silicon chlorohydrosulphide, SiCl3SH

Decomp by H20 or alcohol (Pierre, A ch
(3) 24 286 )

Silicon chloronitride, Si5N6Cl2
(Schutzenberger, C R 92 1508 )

Silicon chloiosulphide, Si2Cl2S2

Decomp violently by H2O Sol m CGU
Wesson, C R 113 1040 )

SiSCl2 Violently decomp by H20, sol m
CS2 (Bhx, B 1903, 36 4223 )

Silicon c&fluortde, SiF2(?)

Decomp by H20 or NH4OH +Aq (Troost
and HautefeuiUe, A ch (5) 7 464 )

Silicon teirafluoride, SiF4

Abundantly absorbed by H2O with decomp

100 pts H20 absorb 140 6 pts SiF4 in 24
hours (Berzehus), 124 1 pts SiF4 in 24 hours
(Davy)

Absorbed abundantly by HNO3-fAq
(JKuhlmann, A 39 319 )

Absorbed abundantly by alcohol, without
separation of silicic acid, if the alcohol con-
tains less than 8% of water

Sol in cone HF+Aq Absorbed by ether
SI sol in naptha, and oil of turpentine

Silicon hydrogen fluoride, HaSif G
See Fluosilicic acid

Silicon fluoride with MF
See Fluosilicate, M

Silicon fluoride ammonia, foilu,
Decomp by H20 (Davy )

Silicon hydride, SiH4

Insol in H2O Decomp by KOil+Aq
Not changed by NH4OH+Aq, H2SO4+Aq,
or HCl+Aq

Si2H2 " Silicoacetylcne "

Sol m 20% NaOH+Aq with evolution
of H (Bradlcv, C N 1900, 82 149 )

Si2H6 "Sihcoethane" (Ldxau, C 11
1909, 148 44)

SI sol in H2O Best solvent ib ethyl
orthosilicate (Moissan, Bull Soc 1903,
(2) 29 443 )

Silicon nitrogen hydride, SiHN

Decomp by H20 and NaOH
1905,38 2241)

(Ruff, B

SILICON OXIDE

813

Silicon hyd
See Sihc
Si2H2O4
Si2H203
Si4H4O3

Silicon imi<
Decomp
1903, 136

xide, Si02,

acid

See Silicooxakc acid
See Sihcofornuc anhydride
See Silicone

, (Si(NH)2
by H2O

(Vigouroux, C E,

Decomp
heat (Bli

Silicon um

Rather i
4225)

Silicon din

Insol i]

(Friedel ai

Silicon tni

Decomp

100 pts

26 pts Si2

Bull Soc

Dy H^O with evolution of much

e, Si(NH)2
H20 wit
1903, 36 4224 )

hydrochlonde, Si(NH2)2, 2HC1
able in air (Blix, B 1903, 36

Silicon tet
Decomj

ether
1 pt C

(Friedel, 1

Silicon m

Partiall
H2S04

Not att
tion of HI

Partiall
Aq (We

Si2N,
cone H2^

Not at
ception oi

Paitial)
Aq (We

bidN4

Partial
H2bO4

Not at
tion oi II

P u tul
Aq (\\c

Silicon n

"Sihci

Sol ir

(bchutze]

Decom

and muc

HF+Aq

by cone

ide, SiI2

CS2. CHC13, C6H6, and SiCl4

Ladenburg, A 203 247 )

Ude, Si2I6

with H20 even at 0°

DS2 dissolve 19 pts Si2I6 at 19°,

at 27° (Friedel and Ladenburg.

>) 12 92 )

ee Silicoiodoform

iodide, SiI4
by H20 Acts on alcohol and

2 dissolves 22 pts SiI4 at 27 c
149 96)

de, biN
decomp by boiling with cone

Ltd by dil acidb with the excep-

Dicomp by Ht
decomp by boiling with alkalies +
3, Z anorg 1910, 65 89 )
*artially decomp by boiling with

4

ckcd by dil acids with the e\
It Decomp by Hi
decomp by boiling \vith alkalies +
b, Z moig 1910, 65 89)
Mot ittackcd by H2O
decomp by boiling with cone

ckcd by dil icids with the excep

Dccomp by Hl<
d( com}) by boiling with ilkaliesH
s, / inoig 1910, 65 S9)

imide, Si N JI

jj

IIP, ind npidly in IvOH+Ao
>ergd, C II 92 1508)
by cold, more rapidly by hot H2C
more rapidly by alkalies Sol i
Not attacked by HN03 Decomp
12S04 (Lay, Dissert 1910 )

Not decomposed by H20
Sol in hot alkalies +^q -with decomp
Bhx, B 1903, 36 4227 )

ilicon sw&oxide, SisO2
(Homgschmid, M 1909, 30 509 )

hlicon monoxide, SiO

Much less easily sol in HF+Aq but more
asilysol in alkalies +Aq than SiO2 (Potter,
" C 1907, II 1952 )

Silicon cfoozide, Si02
See also Silicic acid

(a) Crystalline Mm Quartz, Tndymite
Insol in H20, and acids, except HF

SI sol in boiling K C03+Aq, and KOH +
Aq, see below

Insol in cold KOH+Aq, extremely slowly
sol in boiling KOH + Aq ( Fuchs )

Sol in HF with formation of SiFi and H O

Insol in sugar +Aq, contrary to assertion
>f Verdeil and Rissler (Petzholdt, J pr
60 368)

(b) Amorphous Min Opal, etc
Insol in H20, and acids except HF

100 pts H 0 containing CO dissohe
078 pt amorphous Si02 (Maschke), 0 0136
pt (Struckmann)

100 pts cold HCl+Aq of 1 088 sp gr dis-
solve 0017 pt SiO (Struckmann) 100
pts HCl+Aq of 1 115 sp gr dissohe in the
cold 0 009 pt SiO , and 0 01S pt on boiling
100 pts NH4OH + \q (containing 10% MIa)
dissolve 0 017 pt quartz and 0 38 pt ignited
Si02 (Pnbram, Z anal 6 119)

Sol in boiling K C03 or XaCO3+\q,
separating out on cooling as a gelatinous
mass (Pfaff, Sch\\ J 29 383 ) The differ-
ent forms of SiO ha\e different degiees of
solubility in KaCOs+^q Lmgnited amor-
phous SiO from Sit 4 dibboh e& mobt readih ,
then come opal, ignited amoiphoub hiO ,
fused SiO , and inch mite, quaitz poudci is
the most difhculth boluble tRo&ej \
similar beha\ioui its *sho\vn to J>OH+\q

Opal is much mote bol in KOH+\q than
quaitz, and hjalite i& the leibt &ol oi the
vane ties of opal (Fuchs)

Opal ib easilv bol in KOH + A.q L\UI titei
ignition (Sehaff&otbch, Pogg 68 147 )

Rammelbbeig (Pogg 112 177; mule the
following cxpeiimtnt^ on the bolubihu of
SiO m KOH + Vq The KOH + \q UM d con-
taint d 1 pt KOH to o pts II O 1 pt of
the powcleitd mmeial \\ is bulled h ilt in houi
in i silvei dish \uth such in imount of the
KOH+\q that 20 ptb KOH \\tic probent

7 75 c/c of milk} \\liitc quaitz \\ ib dibsohed
bj repeitmg the abo\e pioceb^ thiee timc^

12 8-15% of gii} hoinbtone \\ ib dibsohed
by t\\ice boiling, 243^c of modtnteh fineh
pondered agate of 2 bbl sp gi u ib disboh ed
by once boiling, 9 7^ of unigmted h\ ilite
remained undibbolved after tin ice boiling,

814

SILICON THORIUM OXIDE

21 % of ignited hyalite remained undissolved
after thrice boiling, 721% of semi-opal of
2 101 sp gr remained undissolved after
thrice boiling, 18 5-19 2% of impure semi-
opal of 2 101 sp gr remained undissolved
after thrice boiling, 79 9% of chalcedony of
2 624 sp gr remained undissolved after
thrice boiling, 6 12% of chalcedony of 2 567
sp gr remained undissolved after fourth
boiling, 144% chrysophrase of 2623 sp
gr remained undissolved after once boiling,
4941% of chrysophrase of 2635 sp gr re-
mained undissolved after thrice boiling,
6 62% of flint of 2 606 sp gr remained Tin-
dissolved after twice boiling, 38 1% of fire-
opal of 2 625 sp gr remained undissolved
after fourth boiling, 266% of fire-opal of
2 625 sp gr remained undissolved after
fifth boiling

Insol in liquid C02 (Buchner, Z phys
Ch 1906, 54 674)

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904.
37 4329)

The solubility of crystals of quartz on
different faces in HF has been determined
by Lebrun (Belg Acad Bull 1913, 953 )

Silicon thorium oxide
See Silicate, thorium

Silicon zirconium oxide
See Silicate, zirconium

Silicon oxychlonde, Si2OCle

Decomp by H20 and alcohol Miscible

with CS2, SiCl4, CCU, CHC15, or ether

(Fnedel and Ladenburg, A 147 355)
Si403Clio, Si404Cl8, SisOioClu, (Si2OsCl2)rc
S^OrCla Sol in above oxychlondes

(Trooot and Hautefemlle, Bull Soc (2) 35

360)

OH
Silicon oxyfluorhydnn, Sio03p

(Landolt, A Suppl 4 27 )

Silicon selemde, SiSe2

Decomp by H2O or KOH-fAq (Sabatier.
C R 113 132)

Silicon sulphide, SiS2

Sol m H2O with decomp Acts on alcohol
or ether m the cold (Fremy, A ch (3) 38
314)

SiS Decomp by H20, easily sol in dil
alkalies (Schutzenberger, Bull Soc (2) 38
56)

Silicon sulphocfoamide, SiS(NH2)2

Slowly decomp in the air Insol in cold
hquid NH3 (Blue, B 1903, 36 4219 )

Silicon sulphobromide
See Silicon bromosulphide

Silicon sulphochlonde
See Silicon chlorosulphide

Silicon sulphourea, SiS(NH2)2

Slowly decomp in air

Decomp by H20

Insol in cold liquid NH3 (Blue, B
36 4219)

1903,

Silicone,

Insol m H20, but gives off hydrogen when
warmed therewith Not attacked by chlorine
or nitric or sulphuric acids even on heating,
but is gradually sol in HF Decomp by
alkalies, even by the most dil NH4OH-|-Aq,
with greatest violence and evolution of heat
and hydrogen gas Insol in alcohol, SiCl4;
PC18, or CS2 (Wohler. A 127 257 )

HsSi8O2 Decomp by H20 and by dil
acids Violently decomp by fuming HN08
Not attacked by cone H2S04 Very slowly
decomp by cone HC1, rapidly by alkalies +
Aq and by pyridnie (Honigschmid, M
1909,30 509)

Insol in H20, alcohol SiCl4, PC18, and
CS2 Not attacked by acids except HF
(Donath and Liesner, C C 1909, II 1707 )

H12Sii008 Scarcely attacked by acids,
but easily decomp by hot H20, NaOH-j-Aq
etc but not by NH4OIH-Aq (Kolb, Z
anorg 1909, 64, 353 )

HioSuo08 (Kolb )

HsSiaOw AsH12Siio08 (Kolb)

Silicowsoxahc acid, Si(OH)2(SiO OH)2

Insol m cold H20, decctenp by hot H2O
(Gattermann, B 1899, 32 1116 )

Silicooxahc acid, Si2H204^Si2O2(OH)2

Decomp by bases with evolution of hydro-
gen Takes up HN03 to form compound,
but not HC1 or H2SO4 (Troost and Haute-
feuille, A ch (5) 7 463 )

Silicophosphonc acid, Si02, P2O5

Slowly decomp by H 0 Unchanged by
alcohol Exists also m two modific itions
which are not attacked by H2O (Haute-
feuille and Margottet. C R 99 789 )

SiO8j 2P 05+4H2O Decomp by moist
air Sol in H20 at 0°, but decomp by warm-
ing to ordinary temp (Hautefeuille and
Margottet, C R 104 56 )

Calcium silicopbosphate
See Phosphate silicate, calcium

Silicostannic acid

Calcium sihcostannate, Ca(Si,Sn)O3

Not attacked by acids, KHSO4, or alkalies
+Aq (Bourgeois, Bull Soc (2) 47 297 )

SILICOTUNGSTATE, CADMIUM HYDROGEN

815

Sikcoctet
3H20

Sometur
arates out
ch (4) 3 t

See also

Ammomui
(NIL
Sol in
hot H20

(NH4)6I

ttgstic acid, H8WioSi036+
4H2O, Si02, 10W03+3H20
3 sol m H20, but usually sep-
latinous silica (Marignac, A

>ilico(2uoc?eatungstic acid
silicodeatungstate,

3 pts H20 at 18° Very sol i
(Marignac, A ch (4) 3 5Q
se -f9H20 (Mangnac )

Ammomtu potassium

(NH4

(Mangr c )

Barium - -, Ba4SiW10036+22H20

Precrpit be Insol in H2O (Marignac )

Potassiun

K8SiW10086-hl7H20

Sol m 2O (Mangnac )
K4H4Si ioOS6+8H20 Sol in H20
(Mai nac )

Potassiua silicotungstate (?),

n039+14H20

ruO39 + 10H20 (Marignac )

Silver— r , Ag8Wi9Si036+3H20

Not ap reciably sol m cold H20
nac, Ac (4) 3 65 )

(Mang-

Silicotui stic acid or Sihcoduodeci-

tun, tic acid, H8SiWi2042

(H4SiV oO4o, according to Copaux (Bull

Soc 190S (4) 3 101 )

+20H > Sol in H20, very sol m alcohol,

behaves ith ether as the acid with 22H2O

(Mangn , A ch (4) 3 10 )

+22H ) Solubility as acid with 29H2O

100 pt deliquesce with 13 pts ethei To
this mixt re 20-25 ptfa of ether can be added,
but a fuj icr quantity no longer mixes with,
but float above the mixture Lthereal solu-
tion is m cible with H20 Lthcr is taken up
by a sat ated aqueous solution with evolu
tion of at, until tho volume has become
doubled j nore ether floats on the mixture
By warn ng the latter a liquid separates out
which f c ns a layt r between tho two original
layers Icoholic solution of the acid mixes
with an qual vol of ether, but on adding
more etl r a com ctheital solution separates
as a syr ly layei (Marignac, A ch (4) 3
3 10)

+29P 3 Efflorescent Sol mH20 Sat-
urated c ution at 18° contains 1 pt crystal-
lized aci to 0 104 pt H2O, and has 2 843 sp
gr M< s in crystal H20 Easily sol m
absolut€ alcohol and anhydrous ether

+xH. > (Drechsel, B 1887, 20 1452 )

Aluminum sihcotungstate, Al4Hi2(SiWi2042)3
+75H20

Not deliquescent, very sol in H20
(Marignac)

Al4(SiW12040) 3 -f 60H20 (Wyrouboff

Chem Soc 1897, 72, (2) 174 )

+87H20 (Wyrouboff )

*f 93H20 Very efflorescent (Wyrouboff )

Aluminum ammonium ,

Al4(NH4)18(SiWi2043)3+75H20
Sol in H20 (Marignac )

Ammonium , basic, (NH4)4SiWi204o

4NH4OH+14H20
(Wyrouboff, Chem Soc 1897, 72 (2) 174 )

Ammonium , (NH4)8SiWi2042-f 16H20

Very sol in hot H20 (Marignac, A ch

(4)3 17)
(NH4)4H4SiWi2042 -f 6H20 Less soluble in

H2O than the preceding salt (Marignac )
(NH4)4SiW1204o+8H2O (Wyrouboff,

Chem Soc 1897, 72 (2) 174 )

Barium , Ba2H4SiW120,2+14H20

Sol mH20

+22H20 Gradually efflorescent (Marig-
nac )

Sol m cold H20, 1 0 7 pts (Copaux, Bull
Soc Mm 1906,29 80)

Sol in 4 pts cold H20 (Wyrouboff, Bull
Soc Mm 1896, 19 278 )

Ba4SiWi2042+27H20 Nearly insol in
cold, si sol m hot H20 (Marignac )

Ba2SiW12040+16H20 (Wyrouboff )

Barium potassium
17H20

-*, Ba2K2SiW12040+
(Wyrouboff, Chem Soc 1897, 72 (2) 176 )
Na,Ba3SiWi20 2 +

Barium sodium —

2SH20

HjO giadually dissolves out sodium sihco-
tungstate

Cadmium -
+27HO

(Wyrouboff )
4CdO,
boff )

Cd2SiWi204o+23HA and
12W03)+4H2O (Wyiou-

Csesium

100 ptb H2() dissolve only 0 005 pt at 20°,
0 52 pt at 100°

Completely insol m alcohol, and HCl+Aq
Somewhat sol in dil NH4OH+Aq (Godef-
froy, B 9 1363 )

Cadmium hydrogen —
H4SiWi2CU+42H20
(Wyrouboff )

2Cd2SiWi2O4o,

816

SILICOTUNGSTATE, CALCIUM

Calcium sihcotungstate, Ca2H4SiWi2042+

20H20
Not deliquescent

liqu
Ma

in H2O (Mangnac )

Extremely easily sol

Ca2SiWi204o -f 18, 24 and 27H20 ( Wyrou-
boff )

Calcitim sihcotungstate nitrate, Ca2SiWi2040,

Ca(NOs)2+15H2O
(Wyrouboff )

Cerous

(Wyrouboff )

Ce2SiW1204o, CeH2SiWi20,0-|-34H20
(Wyrouboff )

-, Cr4(SiWi204o)3H-60, 87 and

, 27 and 29H20

Chromium -
93H2O
(Wyrouboff )

Cupnc - , Cu
Very efflorescent (Wyrouboff )

Didymium - , Di2SiW1204o+26 and27H20

(Wyrouboff )

Di2SiWi20,0, DiH2SiWi2040+34H2O
(Wyrouboff )

Gallium

-, Ga4(SiWi204o)s+60, 87, and

, Gl4(SiWio040)3+45, 87 and

LuilDOff )

Indium , In2O3, H20, 2(Si02, 12W03) +

40H2O

(Wyrouboff )

2In203, 3(Si02, 12W03)+63 and 93H20
(Wyrouboff )

Iron (feme) , Fe4(SiW12040)3H-60 and

93H20
(Wyrouboff )

Lanthanum , La2SiWi2040-f 27H20

Efflorescent (Wyrouboff )
LasSiWuOjo LaH2SiW12O40+34H20

(Wyrouboff )

Lead } basic, Pb2SiWiiO«, 2PbO+20H20

SI sol mH20 (Wyrouboff)

Lead-

-, Pb2SiWi2040+21 H20

Sol mHaO (Wyrouboff)

Lithium

Li20, Si02, 12WO3-h 14 and

24H20

(Wyrouboff )

Magnesium - , Mg2H4SiW12042+16H20
Stable on the air (Marignac )

Mercurous silicotungstate, basic,
Hg4SiWi2040, 2Hg2O+5H2O
Insol mH2O Insol mdil HNO8 Slowly
sol in cone warm HNO3 (Wyrouboff )

Mercurous , Hg8SiWi2042

Insol mH2O Scarcely so] mdil HN03-f-
Aq (Marignac, A ch (4) 3 43 )

Mercuric , Hg2SiW12040H-15H2O

Very sol in H2O Solution decomp on
boiling (Wyrouboff )

Potassium -
12H20

-, basic, K4SiWi2O40j 4KOH+

1 pt is sol in 10 pts H20 at 18° (Wyrou-
boff)

Potassium , K8SiWi2O42-f-14H20

Sol in 10 pts H20 at 18°, and less than
3 pts at 100° (Marignac )

+20H20 Much less sol in cold than hot
H20 Extremely sol in hot H20 More sol
than above comp (Mangnac )

K4H,SiWi2042+7H20 Solubility as pre-
ceding salt

K4H4SiWi2042+16H2O Sol in 3 pts H2O
at 20°

K6Hi9(SiWi2012)2-f25H2O Decomp by
dissolving m H20 (Marignac )

K^iWisjO 0+6 and 15H20 (W yrouboff )

K4SiW12040, K2H2SiW,2040+29H 0
(Wyrouboff )

Rubidium , Rb8SiWi2O42

Sol in 145-150 pts H2O at 20° and in 19-20

pts at 100° Insol in alcohol, difficultly sol

in acidified, but extremely easily in ammonia-

calH20 (Godeffroy, B 9 H63 )
Rb2H2SiW12040+5H2O ( W> louboff )
Rb4SiWi204o, Rb2H2SiWio04o~h^2H C)

(Wyrouboff )

Silver , Ag4H4SiW12O42+7H O

Very si sol in H20, sol in dil H]\O3 +

Aq (Marignac )

SI sol mH80 (Wyrouboff)

Sodium , basic, Ni4SA\ UO4U 4\ tOPI-f

(Wyiouboff )

Sodium , NaabiWi O4 +7H O

Ihe saturated solution at 19° contains 021
pt H2O to 1 pt of the salt dried it ]()0°, ind
has sp gr =3 05 Mm gin r ">

Na4H4SiW12042-f HH2O btdble on an
+ 18H?0 Efflorescent (Marignac )
Na2H6SiWi2042 + 14H20 Decomp by dis-
solving in H20 (Marignac )

Na4SiW12040-f 14, 16 and 20H2O (Wyrou-
boff )

SILVER

817

Sodium sil >tungstate nitrate.

3Na4t 3iWi2042, 4NaN03+39H2O
Shghtly liquescent (Mangnac )

Strontium , Sr2SiWi20<0+16, 17, 23 and

27H2C
(Wyroul ff)

Thallium , Tl2H2SiWi2040-t-9H20

(Wyroul ff)

Thorium - — , basic
Insol in I20 (Wyrouboff)

Thorium - - , Th2SiWi204o+27H20
Very sol in H20 (Wyrouboff )
Th2SiW }40, 2H4SiWi0040+45H20

(Wyroubo )

Uranium -
Thirteer

Uranyl —
Seven sf

lalts are described by Wyrouboff

s are described by Wyrouboff

Zinc , .n2SiW12040+18, 27 and 29H2O

(Wyrou >ff)

Silicovan homolybdic acid

Ammoniui

Sp gr c

salt in 1 c
B 1900,3

3(NH4)
Sp gr of
of salt in
heim )

3(NH4)
Sp gr of
salt m 1 c

3(NH4)
Sp gr of
salt in 1 c

Ammoruuj
SiO,
Sp gr
g salt m
heim )

(NH<)2<
21H20
mg 0 2591
(Friedheii

(NH4),<
12H20
mg 0 2791
(Friedhen

silicovanadiomolybdate,
2O, Si02, V205, 9Mo03+20H20
sat solution containing 0 32016 g
n at 18° = 121322 (Fnedheim,

1624)

, Si02, V206, 10Mo03+21H20

it solution containing 0 35026 g

ccm at 18° = 125275 (Fned-

', V206, Si02, HMo03+27H20
it solution containing 0 38086 g
Q at 18° = 1 29266 (Friedheim )
>, V2O6, Si02, 15MoO3+24H20
it solution containing 0 48997 g
n at 18° = 1 43761 (Fnedheim )

potassium , (NH4)2O, 2K/),

2O5, 9Mo03+20H20
sat solution containing 0 24021
ccm at 18° -117031 (Fried-

2K/), SiO2, V206, 10MoO3 +
) gr of sat solution contam-
g salt m 1 ccm at 18° = 1 19184

2K20, Si02, V206, UMoO3+
3 gr of sat solution contam-
g salt m 1 ccm at 18° = 1 21378

Ammomu zinc , 4(NH4)20, 2ZnO.

2SiO 3V206, 18Mo03 + 15H20
SI sol H2O (Blum, Dissert 1904 )

Silicovanadiotungstic acid

Ammonium silicovanadiotungstate, 3 (NH4) 2O,
SiO2, V206, 9WO8-f 24H20

Can be cryst from H20 (Fnedhenn, B
1902, 35 3244 )

(NH4)6SiV2W1o04o+21H20 1 cc of sat
solution m H20 at 17 5° contains 0 6652 g
of the hydrated salt Sp gr of this solution =
1 4505 Decomp by cone acid and alkali
(Fnedheim )

Ammonium barium potassium ,

(NH4)2K2BaSiV2Wi0040+25H2O
SI sol in H20 Decomp by cone acids
and alkalies (Fnedhenn )

Ammonium potassium •,

(NH4)K6SiV2W1004o+23H20
1 ccm of sat solution at 175° contains
0 5072 g of the salt Sp gr of the solution
at 20° = 13462 Can be cryst from H20
Decomp by cone acids and alkalies (Fned-
heim)

Barium , Ba3SiV2Wio040+28H2O

1 ccm of the sat solution m H2O at 17 5°
contains 0 0384 g of the salt Sp gr of the
solution = 1 0307 Decomp by cone acids
and alkalies (Friedheun, B 1902, 36 3245 )
6BaO, 2Si02, 3V205, 18W08+50H2O
SI sol mH20 (Fnedheun)

7BaO, 2Si02, 3V206, 18W03H-83H20
SI sol mH20 (Fnedheim)

Potassium , K6SiV2W1004o+22H20

Sol in H2O Can be cryst from H20

without decomp Decomp by cone acids

and alkalies (Fnedheim )
6K2O, 2Si02, 3V206, 18W03+31H20 Sol

in H2O (Fnedheim )
7K2O, 2Si02, 3V205, 18W03+42H20 bol

m H2O (Fnedheim )

Sodium , Na,SiV2W10040+29H20

Very sol m H20 Decomp by cone acids
and alkalies (Fnedheim )

Silundum, SixCy

Not attacked by hot Cl or cone acids
(Ambcrg, Z 1 loktrochem 1909, 15 725 )

Silver, Ag

Not attacked by H^O Absolutely msol m
HC1 or HC H302+Aq (Lea, Sill Am J
144 444 ) Easily sol in HNO3-|-Aq on warm-
ing, if not too cone Only a minute trace is
dissolved m an hour by cold dil HNO3-hAq (1
pt HN03+Aqofsp gr 140 10 pts H2O)
(Lea ) Sol in hot cone H2S04 with evolution
ofS02 SI sol mdil H2SO4+Aq(l 4), but
with more dil H2S04+Aq the different forms
of Ag behave differently (Lea )

Sol m HI+Aq at ordinary temperature

$18

SILVER ACETYLIDE

Sol in KI-f Aq with access of air Sol in hot
KCN-j-Aq (Christomanos, Z anal 7 301 )

Sol in chromic, lodic, chloric and bromic
acids Dil H2SO< alone is incapable of dis-
solving finely divided Ag, and the seeming
solvent action is due to the oxygen of the air,
oxygen dissolved in the acid, or derived from
some external source (Hendrixson, I Am
Chem Soc 1903,25 637)

Boiling H2SO4 dissolves pure Ag only when
concentration equals 60° B More dil acid
dissolves only the impure metal (Pannani.
Gazz ch it 1909, 39 (2) 234 )

Slowly decomp into AgCl by alkali chlor-
ides+Aq, also by CuCl2, etc +Aq

Somewhat sol in NH4OH+Aq in presence
of O (Lea, Sill Am J 144 444 )

Sol in KMn04-hdil H2S04+Aq (Fried-
heim, B 20 2554 )

Sol in Fe2(S04)3-f-Aq, especially on heat-
but completely rnsol in FeS04-fAq

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898.20 829)

Auotropic forms — Co) Very sol in H20
Solution is pptd by saline solutions or almost
any neutral substance Alkali sulphates,
nitrates, and citrates ppt it in a sol form,
whdeMgS04, CuS04. FeSO^, NiS04, K2Cr207
K4Fe(CN)6, Ba(N08)2, and even AgN03+Aq
ppt it in an insol form, which, however, may
be made sol again by treatment with many
substances, as Na2B407, K2S04, or Na2S04+
Aq NaN02-hAq ppts the Ag from its solu-
tion in a perfectly insol form

(£) The ppt from aqueous solution by
salts is sol in NH4OH+Aa (Lea, Sill Am
J 137 476 )

Many other allotropic forms exist (Lea )

Pure colloidal silver is also sol in alcohol
Schneider, B 25 1164 )

Entirely sol in H2O, even when dry
(Schneider, Z anorg 1894, 7 339 )

Silver acetyhde, Ag2C2

Sol in KCN+Aq with evolution of C2H2
Decomp by HCl+Aq (Arth, C R 1897,

Silver amide, AgNH2

Ppt , sol in ammonium salts H-Aq and in
excess of potassium amide Sol m liquid
NH8 Insol in Ag salts +Aq (Franklin,
J Am Chem Soc 1905, 27 833 )

Sol m excess of KNH2 (Franklin, Z
anorg 1905,46 16)

Silver antimomde, Ag2Sb or Ag4Sb
Mm Ihscrasite Sol m H]NO3+Aq
AgsSb Insol in HCl-j-Aq, decomp by

HNOa+Aq (Christofle )

Silver azoinude, AgN8

Insol in hot or cold H20 or dil acids, sol
in cone mineral acids Sol m NH4OH4-Aq
(Curtius, B 23 3023)

Silver bromide, AgBr

Insol in H20, or H2O acidulated with
HNO3, H2S04, or HC2H302 between 0° and
33° If flocculent or pulverulent, it is sensibly
sol therein above 33°, but if granular only
above 50°, and then very slightly (Stas, A
ch (5) 3 289 ) Ag can be detected as AgBr
m 10,000,000 pts H20 (Stas )

Calculated from the electrical conductivity
of AgBr+Aq, AgBr is sol m 1,971,658 pts
H20 at 20 2°, and 775,400 pts at 38° (Holle-
man, Z phys Ch 12 133 )

By same method Kohlrausch and Rose cal-
culate that 1 1 H20 dissolves 0 4 mg AgBr
at 18° (Z phys Ch 12 240 )

Solubihtv m H20 = 0 109 mg per 1 (Prud-
homme, J chim Phys 9 519 )

Solubility in H20 = 6 6 X 10-7 at 25° (Good-
win, Z phys Ch 1894, 13 645 )

Solubility of AgBr in H20 at 25° equals
81X10-7 g mols per 1 (Thiel, Z anorg
1900 24 57)

Aq solution sat at 21 1° contains 057X
10-6 gp equiv per litre (Kohlrausch, C C
1901,11 1299)

1 1 H20 dissolves 0 000137 g AgBr at 25°
(Abegg and Cox, Z phys Ch 1903, 46 11 )

0 84X10 4 g are dissolved per liter of sat
solution at 20° (Bottger, Z phys Ch 1903,
46 603)

1 1H20 dissolves 0107 mg AgBr at 21°
(Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1904, 60 356 )

3 7 mg AgBr are contained in 1 liter of sat
solution at 100° (Bottger, Z phys Ch
1906, 66 93 )

1 mg in 1 1 of sat solution at 21° (Kohl-
rausch, Z phys Ch 1908, 64 168 )

Solubility in H20=8 8X10-7 g mol

§er litre at 25° (A E Hill, J Am Chem
oc 1908, 30 74)

Boiling H20 dissolves 0 000003502 of its
weight of AgBr HNO8+Aq (1% HNO3)
dissolves 0 00000543 of its weight of AgBr at
100° with si decomposition The solution
is pptd by AgNOs+Aq or HBr (or MBr) 4-
Aq, but not completely I pt of AgBr in
solution requires 3 pts of Br as MBr (or
HBr), or of Ag as AgN03 m order to be wholly
precipitated (Stas )

Not attacked by boiling HNO3+Aq, si
sol m cone HBr or HCl+Aq (Lowig)
Boiling cone H2S04 decomposes it (Balard).
hardly acts on it (Dumas), dissolves a small
quantity, which is repptd by H2O (Berze-
lius )

Very si sol m dil , easily in cone NH4OH
+Aq 100 pts NH4OH+Aq (0986 sp gr )
dissolve 0 51 pt AgBr (dried at 100°) at 8O°,
and about double that amount of freshly
pptd AgBr (Pohl, W A B 41 267 )

1 g freshly pptd AgBr is sol m 250 ccm
10% NH4OH-|-Aq, but insol m an ammonia
cal solution of AgCl (Seiner, Pharm J
Trans (3) 14 1 )

1 g AgBr dissolves m 8779 4 g 5% NH4OH
+Aq (sp gr =0998) at 12°, and m 2885 g

SILVER BROMIDE

819

10% NH4( I+Aq (sp gr=096) at 12°
(Longi, Ga ch it 13 87 )

Solubility f AgBr in NBUOH+Aq at 15°
G mols per 1

NHs

AgBr

Sp gr 155°

1 085
2 365
3 410
4 590
5 725

0 0011
0 0031
0 0050
0 0074
0 0101

0 9932
0 9853
0 9793
0 9720
0 9655

(Bodlan

Solul

10 ccm <

mg AgBr

T, Z phys Ch 1892,9 734)

aty in NH4OH-f Aq at 0°

the solution contain g NHa and

g NHs

V[g AgBr

g NH3

Mg AgBr

0 307
0 488
0 669
0 829
1 151
1 532
1 809
1 953

8 0
9 6
17 2
21 2
34 9
55 7
72 2
74 1

2 627
3 126
3 389
3 652
3 722
3 770
3 926
3 995

106 7
156 8
198 7
266 9
288 8
293 0
289 2
285 0

(Jar , A ch 1899, (7) 17 364 )

Solubility if AgBr m NH4OH+Aq at 25°
G mols perl

NHs

AgBr

NHa

AgBr

0 1932
0 3849
0 7573

0 00060
0 00120
0 00223

1 965
3 024
5 244

0 00692
0 01163
0 02443

(Bodlandei nd Fittip, 1902, Z phys Ch 39
597)

Solul ityinNH4OH+Aqat25°

g at J

perl

Mols

NHj per 1

0 OC

70

0

450

o or

39

0

497

0 OC

541

0

268

0 Of

)7

0

273

0 OC

391

0

115

0 OC

386

0

118

0 OC

276

0

0764

0 OC

264

0

0777

(Whitney id Melcher, J Am Chem Soc
1903, 25 79 )

Sol m 1 t NH4Cl-|-Aq Very si sol m
NH4 caibc ate, sulphate, or succmate+Aq,
and still 1 3 m nitrate (Wittstem ) Not
very easily sol in Na2b203-hAq when sus-
pended in luch H20, and is separated out
again by Br+Aq (Field, C N 3 17 )

Sol m J UN-fAq SI sol m cone KC1,

KBr; NaCl, NaBr, NH4C1, or NI^Br+Aq,
but msol when dilute

Traces only dissolve in alkali nitrates -f-Aq
(Fresemus, Quant Anal)

Abundantly sol in Hg(N03)2+Aq 100
ccm H20 containing 10 ccm normal
Hg(N03)2-f-Aq dissolve 00383 g AgBr
(Stas)

Solubility of AgBr in Hg(N08)2+Aq at 25°
G mols perl

*«38)

AgBr

HgggO.

AgBr

i

0 10
0 05

0 03660
0 00873
0 00639

0 025
0 0125
0 0100

0 00459
0 00329
0 00306

was present in all cases, and it was
found that there was no difference in solubil-
ity of AgBr with concentrations between

0 IN and 2N HN08 Cryst and amorphous
AgBr showed the same solubility (Morse,

1 phys Ch 1902, 46 708 )

Difficultly sol in hot cone AgNOs+Aq
(Risse, A 111 39 )

100 ccm of a 3-N solution of AgNOs dis-
solve 0 04 g AgBr at 25° Much less sol
m AgNOs+Aq than Agl (Hellwig, Z,
anorg 1900, 25 176 )

Solubility m AgN03+Aq

Volumetric measurements

AgNOs

N/10
KBr
ccm

Opal

escent
at

G AgBr
retained
per 100 g
AgNOs

0 65

22°

0 129

0 72

35

0 144

10 g made up to

0 8

44

0 159

32 g per 100 g •

0 9

62

0 178

of solution

1 0

67

0 188

1 1

77

0 207

1 2

79

0 226

6 0

37

1 13

8 0

53

1 50

10 0

67

1 88

10 g made up to

11 23

72

2 12

70 g per 100 g •

12 0

74

2 26

of solution

12 75

79

2 40

13 5

82

2 54

15 5

85 5

2 92

'

17 5

90

3 29

Gravimetric measurements at 14 5

G AgNO3

ccm H O

Strength
of AgNO,

%

G AtBrrt
tamed, per
100 g \fcNOj

7 326

9 32

44

0 144

8 290

7 65

52

0 185

7 255

4 84

60

0 283

7 35

3 95

65

0 365

(Lowry, Roy Soc Proc 1914, 91 A, 65)

820

SILVER BROMIDE

100 g KBr in cone KBr-f Aq dissolve 3019
mg AgBr at 15°, 95 g NaCl+10 g KBr dis-
solve only 75 mg AgBr at 15° (Schierholz,
W A B 101, 2b 4)

Solubility m KBr+Aq at 25°

Solubihtv in salts +Aq

Solvent

%
Cone

Grama
AgBr sol in
100 grama
solvent

Sodium thiosulphate

<i a t

tl U ((

tt c (t
tt tt tt

Sodium sulphite
a f<

Ammonium sulphite
Potassium cyanide
Ammonium sulphocyamde

ti <

Potassium '
Calcium '
Barium '
Aluminum '
Thiocarbamide
Thiosinamme

te

1C

1
5
10
15
20
10
20
10
5
5
10
15
10
10
10
10
10
1
5
10

0 351
1 90
3 50
4 20
5 80
0 04'
0 08
Trace
6 55 1
0 21'
2 04
5 30
0 73 '
0 53
0 35
4 50
1 87
0 08
0 35
0 72

20°

>25>

s

•20°
-25°

Mol KBr in 1 litre

G AgBr in 1 litre

4 864
4 44
4 18
3 68
2 81
2 76

26 44
17 95
13 50
7 50
2 34
2 20

(HeUwig, Z anorg 1900, 25 183 )

Sol m cone KBr or NaBr-f Aq (Lowig),
but less than Agl m KI+Aq (Field)
100 g NaCl m cone NaCl-f-Aq dissolve
474 mg AgBr at 15°, 100 g NaCl in 21%
NaCl+Aq dissolve 188 mg AgBr at 15°
(Schierholz, W A B 101, 2b 4 )

Solubility of AgBr in 3Sra2S08+Aq at 25°
G formula weights per 1

(VaJenti, M 1894, 15 250 )

Solubility of AgBr m salts +Aq at (?)<
«3t AgBr sol in 1 1 of 1% solution of salts

NaSCN 2 Ob
NH^SCN 0 03
(NH4)2C03 0 004
Na2S04 0 055

SOS

Ag

Soa Ag

0 232
0 406
0 448

0 0025
0 0023
0 0023

0 466 0 0053
0 474 0.0055
0 675 0 0084

(Luther and Leubner, Z anorg 1912,74 393)
Solubihtv of AeBr m Na,SO3 at (?)°

(g salts per 1 of solution )

Na,SO3

AgBr

NaaSOs

AgBr

83 75
70 75
38 2
17 65
9 47
4 85

0 790
0 570
0 265
0 116
0 0526
0 0329

2 08
1 13
0 59
0 3
0 17
0 08

0 0159
0 0086
0 0045
0 0039
0 0022
0 00075

(Mees and Piper, Photog J 1912, 36 234 )
Solubility m Na,S2O3+Aq at 35 °

k Na SaOa m 1 liter

g AgBr corresponding
to each g Na^Os

100
200
300
500

0 376
0 390
0 397

0 427

(Richards and Faber, Am Ch J 1899, 21
169)

(NH4)2S2O8-|-Aq dissolves AgBr more
rapidly than does Na2S203+Aq (Lumie"re
and Seyewitz, C C 1908, II 1138 )

(Mees and Piper, Photog J, 1912, 36 234

In a solution of NaC2Ha02-f-Aq, contaimn
10 ccm of sat NaC2H3O2+Aq it 15° an
20 ccm normal HC2H302+Aq mixed wit
970 ccm H2O, about double the unt of flo<
culent AgBr is dissolved in th( cold that
dissolved by boiling H2O from gr inul u AgB
This solution required 3 ptb of Ag or Br t
ppt the AgBr in solution Pulvuuhnt r
granular AgBr are wholly insol m dil (
cone acetates +Aq (Stis)

Sol m Hg(C2H/),)2+Aq

100 ccm H20 cont umng 10% of nonn
Hg(C2H302)2+Aq dissolves 0 0122 g Agl
at 20° (Schierhol/ )

Very sol in liquid NHj (1 1 inkhn, An
Ch J 1898, 20 829 )

Solubility m 10 cc methyl unm< -f-Aq <
different concentrations at 1 1 5 °

g NH2CH<, 4 844 4 311 3 562 3 2i
mg AgBr 289 127 73 5£

g NH2CH8 1 797 1 513 1 317 1 1C
mg AgBr 28 16 12 7

(Jarry, A eh 1899, (7) 17 378 )

SILVER CHLORIDE

821

Solubility in methylamme+Aq at 25°

G mol per 1

CHslN

AgBr

0 C
0 C

, 0 C i
0 ( 47
0 ] 50

0 00026
0 00034
0 000395
0 00041
0 00045

0 ith, B 1902, 35 2416 )
Solubility c A.gBrinmethylamine+Aqat25°

G mol per 1

CHsNH2

1 017
0 508
0 203

AgBr

) 0025
3 0013
) 00049

CHsNHa

0 102
0 051

AgBr

0 00026
0 00012

(Bodlande] ind Eberlein, B 1903, 36 3948 )
Solubi y in ethylamme-t-Aq at 25°

G mol per 1

C2H

0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1

>72

)42

500

AgBr

0 0000867
0 000137
0 000193
0 000258
0 000711

( uth, B 1902, 35 2416 )

At 25°,
0 483 g n
mol *AgBi
mol~AgB
1903, 36

Insol
1914, 47

Insol n
II, 1014)

bol in
Chem So

Insol n
1906), (N
acetate
B 1910,4

1 49 g
caibamidc
J 1912, 3

Insol i]

Mol w
ner, Z ar

Mm F

Silver brc

(Joann:

I 1 ethylamme-f Aq containing
1 CsjEUNHa dissolves 0 00231 g
0 200 g mol C2H6NH2, 0 OOQ7 g
(Bodlander and Eberlein, B
48 )

benzomtnlc1 (Naumann, B
70 )

ic t tone (Eidmann, C C 1899
(Nuimmn, B 1904, 37 4329

ilcoholic Uuouna (Reynold

1S02, 61 251 )

TKthyl icctitc !></ 1 Disseit
iminn, H 1900,42 r in othy
t unc rs, Dissc 1 1 1906) , (Naumani

U4)

^Br is dissolved mil of 1% tmo
-Aq (Meis andPipn, Photog

wann pyndine
dotcrmmod in pipendme
rg 1897, 15 16 )
mynte, Bromite

(Wer

ude ammonia, AgBr, NH8

and Crozier, C R 894, 118 1150

AgBr, iMNHs (Jarry, A ch 1899, (7)

' 356)

2AgBr, 3NH3 ( Joanms and Crozier )

AgBr, 3NH3 Decomp by H2O SI sol in
quidNH3 (Jarry)

AgBr, 5NH3 (Jarry, C R 1898, 126
141)

ilver carbide, Ag4C

(Gay-Lussac )

Ag2C(?) Sol in HN03-f Aq with residue
f C (Liebig, A 38 129 )
Ag2C2 Sol m HNOa+Aq with residue of
(Regnault, A 19 153 )

Silver swbchlonde, Ag4Cls

NH4OH+Aq dissolves the greater part,
he residue (20%) being sol in HN"03-f Aq
£CN dissolves the greater part, H2S04 dis-
olves about 2%, acetic acid and KOH are
without action (Bibra, J pr 1875, (2) 12

Argentous chloride, Ag2Cl

Obtained in a pure state by Guntz (C R
112 861) Dil HNOs+Aq does not attack
but warm cone HN03+Aq decomp Easily
sol in KCN+Aq (Guntz, C R 112 1212 )

The following data are for a more or less
impure Ag2Cl

Boiling cone HCl+^q NaCl + ^q orNEUOH + ^q

dissolve out AgCl and leave Ag (Seheele Wetzlar

Dulk Wohler)

According to Berthollet whollj sol in N BUOH + \q
Sol for the most part in NHiOH + \q and the resi

due is sol inHN03+Aq( = A.g + ^gCl) (\ Bibra B

7 741 )

Silver chloride, AgCl

Nearly msol in H20

When AgCl is left in contact for some hours
with pure H20 at 20-22°, and especiall> at 7o°,
traces go into solution, more Cl is dissolved
than Ag When 1 pt Ag is pptd as AgCl in
presence of 1 million pts H2O a slight bluish
milkmess is observed, but in order to ha\e a
distinct ppt 4 pts Ag should be present

Dil HNOa+Aq does not increase the solu-
bility of AgCl, but AgCl is not absolutely
msol in stronger HNO3+\q (Mulder)

I pt AgNO3, when nmed \\ith HCl-hA.q
in presence of 120000 (Pfaff), 240,000 (Hart
ing), pts H2O, causes an opalescence

1 pt Ag gives a slight turbiditv ^ ith HC1+
Aq in presence of 200 000 ptb H 0, a scaroel\
opalescent cloudiness with 400,000 pts H O,
and the same after the lapse of 15 minutes
in presence of 800,000 pts H2O (Ldbsaigne )

I pt Ag can be detected as \gCl in 1 mil-
lion parts H20 at ordinary temp , but not
in 2 million parts In NaVO3 + -Vq containing
0 79 pt NaNO3 in 200,000 pts H O, 1 pt Ag
can be detected as AgCl This dibsolves at
75°, and is visible again on cooling

If the same liquid contains 1574 pts NaNOj
the AgCl remains in solution after cooling

822

SILVER CHLORIDE

In 100 com H20 containing 0 787 g NalSTOa,
13 drops of NaCl and silver solution, each
drop of which contains 0 05 mg Ag, cause a
precipitate at 5°, 20 drops at 15-17°, 60 drops
at 45-550

AgCl is somewhat less sol in HNOs+Aq
than in NaNOs+Aq when the amount of H20
remains the same

Therefore, if HC1 is used instead of NaGl,
about V? less AgCl remains in solution

In 100,000 pts of H20, which contain HN08
and an amount of HC1 corresponding to the
amount of Ag salt, 1 596 pts AgCl dissolve
at 25° The solution is precipitated bv either
AgNOs or HC1 (Mulder, Silber Probir-
methode, Leipzig, 1859 62 )

(For further older data, see Storer's Dic-
tionary )

White flak} AgCl is appreciably sol HI hot
HaO, 1000 ccm boiling H20 dissolving about
2 mg AgCl Far less sol in H2O containing
AgNO8, being practically msol in H20 con-
taining 0 1 g AgNOs in a litre Solubility is
also diminished one-half by addition of HC1
(Cooke, Sill Am J (3) 21 220 )

Solubility in H2O rapidly diminishes as the
temp falls (Cooke, I c )

Not completely msol in H20 According
to Stas (C R. 73 998) there are four modifica-
tions (1) gelatinous, (2) cheesy-flocculent,
(3) pulverulent, (4) granular, crystalline, or
fused (4) is almost absolutely msol in H20 at
the ordinary temp , but the solubility in-
creases with the temp , and is considerable
at 100°, (2), which is formed by the pre-
cipitation of a cold dilute Ag solution, has
the greatest solubility in pure H2O, and it
changes its solubility by standing, or if made
pulverulent by shaking with H2O, (3) is also
sol in H2O, the solution of (2) or (3) in pure
H20, or H2O acidified with HN03, is precipi-
tated by AgN03 or NaCl+Aq

In order to ppt 1 pt AgCl in above solu-
tion 3 pts of Cl as chloride or Ag as nitrate
are necessary, the pptn is then complete
Solubility of granular variety in boiling
H20 is proportionately large, and pptn is
brought about by 3 pts Cl or Ag as above,
but the pptn in this case is not complete

The salts formed simultaneouslv with the
AgCl have no influence on the solubility of the
AgCl Presence of HNO3 does not increase
the solubility of (2), but has that effect on
(3) in proportion to the amt of HN03 pre-
sent (Stas, C R 73 998 )

Further determination by Stas are as
follows —

Between 0° and 30° granular AgCl is msol
in pure H2O, or H2O acidulated with HN03
Between 0° and 30° the fiocculent and pul-
verulent forms of AgCl dissolve without
alteration in pure H2O, in acidulated H2O,
m alkali acetates+Aq, and in Hg(C2H302)2
-t-Aq containing an alkali acetate Then-
degree of solubility is a function of the state
of the chloride, of the temp , and of the nature

and quantity of the solvent within thess
limits of temp (0°-30°) These solvents, if
they contain either Ag in the state of an A§
salt, or Cl as chloride or HC1 in an amount
three times that which they can dissolve as
AgCl, exercise no solvent action on any of th§
modifications of AgCl And reciprocally sat
AgCl+Aq is pptd instantly by a decinorrnal
solution of AgN03 or MCI (or HC1) Ths
AgCl is wholly pptd when the quantity of
the Ag or Cl thus added is equal to thres
times the quantity of the Ag or Cl dissolved
as AgCl

Between 50° and 100°, however, decinormal
solutions of Ag or chlorides, which causs
instant ppts in solutions sat with anv of th^
modifications of AgCl, do not eliminate all
the dissolved AgCl At 100°, they only ppt

60% of the amt dissolved (Stas, A ch (5)

3 323)

Calculated from electrical conductivity of

AgCl +Aq, AgCl is sol in 715,800 pts H?O

at 13 8°, and 384,100 pts at 26 5° (HoEe^

man, Z phvs Ch 12 132 )
Calculated in the same way, 1 1 H2O

dissolves 0 76 mg at 2°, 0 97 mg at 10°, I 52

mg at 18°, 2 24 mg at 26°, 3 03 mg at 34

405 mg at 42° (Kohlrausch and Rose, Z

phvs Ch 12 242)
Solubility in H20 = 1 25 X HH mol /I a,t 25°

(Goodwin, Z phys Ch 1894, 13 645 )
Solubility of AgCl in H2O at 25° is 1 41 X

10-5 fin normality) (Thiel, Z anorg 1900,

2 16X10 6 moles are sol in 1 liter H^O at
25° (Noyes and Kohr, Z phys Ch 1903,
42 341)

1 53XHH g per liter are dissolved in sat
aq solution at 20° (Bottger, Z phys Ch
1903,46 603)

1 1 H20 dissolves 1 6 mg AgCl at 18
(Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1904, 50 356 )

21 8 milligrams are dissolved in 1 liter of
sat solution at 100° (Eottgor, Z phys Ch
1906, 56 93 )

1 34 mg are contained in 1 1 of sat solu-
tion at 18° (Kohlrausch, Z phvs Ch 1908,
64 168)

1 1 sat solution at t° contains mg AgCl

t

mg AkCl

t

mk AfcCl

1 55
4 68
9 97

0 56
0 66
0 89

17 51
25 86
34 12

1 31
I 935

2 74

(Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 190S 64 IfaS )

Solubility in H20 = 16X10- g-mol pei
litre at 25° (A E Hill, J Am Chom Soc
1908, 30 74 )

] 1 H2O dissolves 000154 g AgCl at 21°
00217 g at 100° (Whitby, Z anorg 191O
67 108)

SILVER CHLORIDE

823

Calculai
AgCl+Aq
00105
00365
0147
(Melche

1 1 H2(
18% 1 429
C C 1915

The mo
bility of ^
per 1 at
at 25° (\
1 20X1'
18° (Glc
More sc
Chem So
Sol in
very cone
Aq in 15,
HCl+Aq
more (E
Ipt Aj
Aq and u
pts H20
Somew
has been
(Erdman]
100 pt
solve 0 2<
pts HC1
Aq (sp {
AgCl, or

1 from electrical conductivity of
L 1 H2O dissolves
uUi-equrvalents AgCl at 18°

(( It (f tt KQO

« « tt it 10Qo

J Am Chem Soc 1910, 32 55 )

dissolves 1 02X10-6 g equiv at
10~5g equiv at 25° (vanRossen.
I 1539)

probable average value for solu-
Cl in H20 is 1 04X10-6 g equiv
°, and 1 43X10-6 g equiv per 1
nRossen, C C 1912,11 1807)
6 g AgCl are sol in 1 1 H20 at
czynski, C A 1916, 741 )
in H20 than AgSCN (Normand.
1912, 101 1853 )
»nc HCl+Aq; and also when not
thus the solution of 1 pt AgN08+
)0 pts H20 is clouded by a little
but clears up by the addition of
msch, J pr 13 133 )
11 dissolves m 200 pts cone HC1+
600 pts HCl+Aq diluted with 2
(Pierre, J Pharm (3) 1? 237 )
Lt sol m hot alcohol, to which HCl
ded, but is precipitated on cooling
J pr 19 341 )
sat HCl+Aq (sp gr 1 165) di$-
0 pt AgCl, or AgCl is sol in 336
Aq at ord temp , ICO pts HC1+
1 165) at b -pt dissolve 0 56 g
gCl is sol m 178 pts HCl+Aq

Solubility m HC1+ 4q at 25°

HCl
g equivalents per 1

Ag X 10-*
g -equivalents per I

0 649
1 300
1 911
2 149
2 569
2 975
3 576
4 182
4 735
5 508

0 032
0 126
0 266
0 374
0 610
0 814
1 358
2 147
3 168
4 126

(Forbes, J Am Chem Soc 1911, 33 1941 )
Solubility in 20% HCl +Aq

HCl

N/10
AgNOa
ccm

Opalescent
att°

G AgCl to
100 g anhj-
drous HCl

20 g of
20% acid

1 0

1 1

2 0
3 0
3 75
4 25
4 75
5 80

0 0
29 5
51 5
70 0
82 0
90 0
107 0

0 39
0 72
1 076
1 346
1 525
1 74
2 08

(Lowrv, Roy, Soc Proc 1914, 91 A 62 )

Solubil y of AgCl m dil HCl+Aq 100

ccm HC -Aq (sp gr 1 165), to which the

fiven am H2O has been added, dissolve g
gCl

ccm
HCl

CU11

H ()

AgCl

Pts HCl
which dia
solve 1 pt
AtCl

100
100
100
100

10
20
tt)
50

0 056
0 018
0 0089
0 00*5

1,785
5,555
11,235

18,571

(V< (1, N Pep Pharm 23 335)

If HC
Vi ooo ooo p
appt irs
with th(
cooling

The i
HCl + Ac
volumes
(Barlow,

11 1%
11 5%
11 10%

cw

js i<M«l to i solution m which
Ag is suspended, the milkmess dis-
Solubility in HCl+Aq increases
( inp , tht AgCl separating out on
Muldd )

ounts of AgCl which dissolve m

ai< diKotly proportional to the

ic id (of fixed concentration) used

Am Chem boc 1906, 28 1448 )

Cl dissolves 0 0002 g AgCl at 21°
Cl dissolves 0 0033 g AgCl at 21°
[Cl dissolves 0 0555 g AgCl at 21°
itby, Z anorg 1910, 67 108 )

SI sol in cone HBr+Aq (Lowig )
Insol in HNOa+Aq (Wackenroder )
Entirely unacted upon b> HNO3 of 1 43
sp gr (Wurtz, Am J Sci (2) 25 382 )

Solubility in dil HN03+4q is the same as
solubility in H2O, i e Va ooo ooo pt of A.g can-
not be detected m H20 with or \\ ithout HN03>
but Vi ooo ooo pt can be detected in both cases
(Mulder )

1 pt Ag in the form of AgCl dissolves at
25° in 83,000 pts H2O containing free HNO3
and033pt of HCl (Mulder)

100,000 pts cone HNO3+^q dissolve
about 2 pts AgCl, and solubility is not sen-
sibly affected by lower nitrogen oxides
(Ihorpe, Chem Soc (2) 10 45 B )

Solubility of AgCl in HN03+Aq at 25°

G per liter

HNOs

AgCl

HNQ3

4gCl

0 0315
0 063
0 630

0 001647
0 001705
0 00176

18 9
94 5

0 00225
0 0245

(Glowczynski, Kolloidchem Beih 1914, 6
147 )

824

SILVER CHLORIDE

Insol in cold cone HaSO4, but on boiling

Solubility in NH4OH+Aq at

25°

is in part decomp and

in part dissolved, and

does not separate on cooling
AgCl is not more sol in dil H2SO4+Aq

g at Ag
per 1

Mols NHs
perl

g at Ag
per 1

Mols NHs
perl

Unacted upon by cold H2S08+Ac

I, and but

0 151

2 042

0 0140

0 253

slightly decomp on heating (Vogel )
Abundantly sol in H2PtCl4+Aq without

0 149
0 149

2 017
2 013

0 0140
0 0140

0 253
0 252

decomp (Birnbaum, 25 Ch 1867 520 )

0 147

1 991

0 0139

0 252

Insol in cold dil caustic alkahes-f-Aa but

0 0616

0 961

0 00621

0 118

decomp by

hot cone

solutions (Greeorv )

0 0583

0 916

0 00621

0 118

Decomp by K2CO8+Aq
SI sol ux cold K2CO3+Aq

0 0584
0 0572

0 909
0903

0 00619
0 00625

0 118
0 118

Easily sol even in dil NE4OH-f Aq
1 pt AgCl dissolves in 1288 pts NH4OH+

0 0569
0 0555

0 896
0 873

0 00304
0 00297

0 0590
0 0589

Aq of 089
Chem Gaz

sp gr (Wallace and Lament,

0 0541
0 0514

0863
0 818

0 00300
0 05149

0 0585
0 0288

100 pts NH4OH-hAa of 0 986 s

p gr dis-

0 0249

0 428

0 00143

0 0287

solve at 80°

1 492 pts

AeCL drie<

i at 100°

0 0240

0416

0 00142

0 0285

(Pohl, W A

B 41 627 ) ~ '

0 0235

0411

0 00141

0 0282

11 NH4OH+Aq of

0 949 sp gr

dissolves

A n-Ol o-nA

0 0227

0 397

51 6 g Ag as freshly preuijjiuawju *
47 6 g when diluted with 1 1 H2O
11 NH4OH+Aq of 0 924 sp gr

figoi, ana
dissolves

(Whitney and Melcher, J Am Chem Soc
1903.25 78 ^

58 g Ag as freshly precipitated J.

VfiCl, 1 1

*

NBtiOH+Aq of 0 899

sp gr dissolves 49 6

g , 05 1 NEUOH-f Aq "(of"0049

sp gr) +

051 saturated NaCl+Aq dissolves 20 8 g ,
0 5 1 NH4OH+Aq (of 0 949 sp gr )+0 51

Solubility of AgCl in NH4OH+Aq at 25°

saturated KCl+Aq dissolves 20 4 g , 0 5 1
NH4OH+Aq (of 0949 sp gr)+05 1 satu-

Ag=g at 4.ginlOOOg H2O
NH8=g mol NH3m 1000 g H2O

rated NH4Cl+Aq dissolves 22 4

g Ag as

Cone = Molecular concentration of free

freshly pptd AgCl (Millon and C

Jommaille,

NHs

C R 66 309)

1 g AgCl dissolves in 428 64 g 5%

Ag

NHa

Cone

Solid phase

NH4OH+A

n (sun err C

QQR'l a*. 19.°

1 o- AirTJl

dissolves in 12 76 g 10% NH4OH+ Aq(sp gr

0 023

0 437

0 391

AgCl

0 96) at 18° (Longi, Gazz ch it 13 87 )

0 025

0 428

0 378

1 g fresh

ly pptd AgCl is sol in 17 ccm

0 1197

1 700

1 461

t

10% NH4O

H+Aq Solubility is diminished

0 1308

1 688

1 426

(

by presence of AgBr

(Semer, Pharm J

0 372

3 782

3 038

t

Trans (3) 14 1 )

0 378

3 945

3 181

«

0 574

5 10

3 95

C

0 609

5 33

4 11

<

Solubility in NH4OH+Aq at 0°

0 633

0 745

5 545
6 26

4 279

4 771

AgCl +2 AgCl, 3NIf3

G per 100

g solution

0 754

6 27

4 76

I

0 757

6 25

4 74 '

NH3

AgCl

NH3

AgCl

0 760

0 775

6 25
6 52

4 73
4 97

2A'Cl

INI i,

1 45

0 49

28 16

5 69

0 848

8 28

6 58

7

<

1 94

1 36

29 80

7 09

0 968

11

19

9 25

t

5 60

3 44

30 19

7 25

0 980

11 78

9 82

1

6 24

4 00

32 43

5 87

0 978

12 23

10 27

11 77

4 68

34 56

4 77

0 965

12 26

10 33

<

16 36

5 18

37 48

3 90

1 03

12 68

10 62

<

1 09

12

Qfi

10 78

i

(Jarry, A ch 1899, (7) 17 342 )

1 049
1 039

14 34
14 47

12 24

12 39

c

Solubility in NH4OH4-Aq increases with
the temp (Jarry )

(Straub, Z phys Ch 1911, 77 332 )

Easily (Brett), difficultly (Wittstem), so1
in NH4Cl+Aq, but not in other NH4 salts

SILVER CHLORIDE

825

Solub ity in NH4Cl+Aq at 15°

%N] ci

% AgCI

10

0 0050

14 )

0 0143

17 )

0 0354

19 J

0 0577

21 *

0 110

25 L

0 228

28 )

0 340*

Sat

0 177

*24
(Schierhc

Solubility

, W A B , 1890, 101 2b 8 )

a NH4Cl+Aq (26 31%) at t°

%AgCl

0 276
0 329
0 421
0 592
0 711

0 856

1 053

CaCl2
VtgCl2
BaCl2
FeCl2
'eC!3
M!nCl2

CuCl«
PbCl2

At 25°, ]
g NH4Cl c
g NH4C1,
Kolloidche

See also

1 1 KC1
J Chim I

SI sol i
certain otl

NaCl, K
dissolve a
pecially if
arates out

Sol m s
which are
SrCl2, and
dally if
(least) als

feol m (

Sol in i
and Gcntl

Insol 11
NiCl2, or
Solubility

(Schierholz )

NH4Cl+Aq containing 0 00053
ssolves 0 001604 g AgCI, 0 00530
002379 g AgCI (Glowczynski,

Beih 1914, 6 147 )
orbes, page 826
s+Aq dissolves 1 8 mg (Guye,
ys 10 145)

cone KCl+Aq, NaCl+Aq, and
r chlorides

1, NH4C1, CaCl2, ZnCl2+Aq, etc ,
)reciable quantities of AgCI, es-
ot and concentrated, but it sep-
)r the most part on cooling
utions of all the metallic chlorides
1 m H2O, thus NaCl, KCl, CaCl2,
JaCl2+Aq ill dissolve AgCI, espe-
>t MgCl2, NH4C1, and HgCl2
disholve AgCI (Mulder )
no CaCl2+Aq (Wct/lar )
seocobaltic chlondc+Aq (Gibbs

mC!4, HgCl2} CuCL, ZnCl2, CdCl
oCl^+Aq (Vogel)

bal

BaCl2

SrCl2

CaCl2

NaCl

KC1

NH4C1

MgCl2

HC1

1 ^-VJ^V^A Jill DtLU -M.J.IU.IUV1JQ *•'*- » AAAVyi i\-4.\_ 0

ordin iry tompoi atures

100 pts sat
solution dissolve
pts AgCI

Pts solution
required to dis
solve 1 pt
AgCI

0 0143

6,993

0 0884

1,185

0 0930

1,075

0 0950

1,050

0 0475

2,122

0 1575

634

0 1710

584

0 2980

336

el, N Rep Pharm 23 335 )

Experiments by Hahn give different results
rom those of Vogel as follows —

Solubility in various salts+Aq

Salt

% salt Sat at t° % AgCI

24 95

25 96
28 45
41 26
36 35
27 32

19 6

tt

24 5

24 5
24 5

0 0776
0 1053
0 3397
0 5713
0 5313
0 0570
0 1686
0 0058
0 1996
0 0134
0 0532
0 0000

Hahn, Wyandotte Silver Smelting Works,
1877)

1 1 4-N KCl+Aq dissolves 0 915 g KCl at
25° (Hellwig, Z anorg 1900, 26 166 )

Solubility in KCl+Aq at t°

1 0
25 0
35 0

G equiv per 1

AgxlO-3

1 734

2 415
2 786

KCl

3 325
3 083
2 955

(Forbes, J Am Chem Soc 1911, 33 1937 )

Solubility in KCl+Aq at 25°
G per liter

KCl

\gCl

KCl

\gCl

0 00236
0 00471

0 00184
0 00218

0 01491
0 02984

0 00305
0 00321

(Glowczynski, Kolloidchem Bern 1914, 6
147 )

Solubilitv m CaCl +Aq

t

G equi\ per 1

AgXlO-1

CaCl

2

1 0
25 0
35 0

0 964
1 514
1 806

3 512

3 320
3 221

(I orbes, 1 c )

Sat CuCl2+Aq at 0° dissolves 2835 g
AgCI per 1, at 100°, 8 147 g Solubility m
sat MgCl2+Aq is still greater (Hahn, Eng
Mm J 66 434)

826

SILVER CHLORIDE

Mpre sol in HgCl2+Aq
(Finzi, Gaza ch it 1902, 32
At 15°, 100 g NaCl in 28(
solve 485 mg AgCl, 100 g I
H20 dissolve 334 mg , 100 g
ccm H2O dissolve 1051 mg
The solubility decreases
rapidly at first until about £
H20 has been added, and tl
slowly to a minimum quai
dilution is 1 10 for NaCl and
for NH4C1
100 g NaCl in 280 ccm H
mg AgCl at 109° 100 g NB
H2O dissolve 4000 mg AgCl
NaCl in 620 ccm H20 (14% s
15 mg AgCl at 15°, and Ti
(Schierholz, W A B 101, 2b
The solubility of AgCl in
Creases with diw)iiusnwig ft

than in H20
(2) 324 )
) ccm H2O dis-
CC1 in 300 ccm
NH4C1 in 280

with dilution
in equal vol of
b.en much more
itity, when the
KCl,andl 20

20 dissolve 2170
UC1 in 280 ccm
at 110°, 100 g
olution) dissolve
r4 mg at 104°
4)
NaCl+Aq de-
Ducentration of
QQ Chem Soc

+Aq

Solubility in salts +Aq at 25°

C = concentration of the salt in salt solution
in g -equivalents per litre

Salt

C

AgxiO-»
g -equivalents per.1

NaCl

0 933
1 190
1 433
1 617
1 871
2 094
2 272
2 449
2 658
2 841
3 000
3 270
3 471
3 747
3 977
4 170
4 363
4 535
5 039

0 086
0 130
0 184
0 245
0 348
0 446
0 570
0 684
0 851
1 040
1 194
1 583
1 897
4 462
2 879
3 335
3 810
4 298
6 039

NaCl-fAq (Barlow, J~ AJ
1906,28 1448)

Solubility in NaCl

Gravimetric measurements 15°

Strength of salt solution

G AgCl retained per
100 g NaCl

CaCl2

1 748
2 201
2 741
3 264
3 737
4 033
4 538
5 005

0 289
0 501
0 900
1 463
2 182
2 802
4 175
5 823

2

15% NaCl
20% NaCl
28% NaCl

0 063
0 134
0 279

Volumetric measurements

NaCl

N/10
AgN08
ccm

Opal
escent
att°

G AgC
retained
per 100 g
NaCl

NH4C1

0 513
0 926
1 141
1 574
2 143
2 566
2 918
3 162
3 510
4 363
4 902
5 503
5 764

0 042
0 113
0 172
0 365
0 842
1 425
2 160
2 795
4 029
9 353
14 92
24 04
30 17

20 g of 15% solution

0 25
0 4
0 7
1 0
1 25
1 7

28

40
64
78
89
102 5

0 119
0 191
0 335
0 478
0 598
0 812

20 g of 20% solution

0 43
0 65
0 82
1 2
1 6
2 12
2 52
3 08
3 52

17 0
26 0
37 0
51 5
67 0
79 5
88 5
97 0
105 0

0 156
0 234
0 295
0 430
0 524
0 765
0 910
1 10
1 27

SrCl2

0 550
0 989
1 359
1 572
1 698
1 818
2 140
2 476
2 992
3 494
4 152
5 216
5 775

0 03^
0 092

0 17*
0 236
0 284
0 34S
0 510
0 747
1 252
2 018
3 594
8 174
12 04

2

20 g of 28% solution

2 25
2 75
3 5
4 5
5 5
6 5
7 75

36 5
45 0
56 0
69 0
84 0
94 0
107 5

0 675
0 704
0 896
1 153
1 411
1 664
1 958

(Lowry, Roy, Soc Proc 1914, 91 A, 61 )

SILVER CHLORIDE

827

Solubility i salts +Aq at 25° — Continued

presence of NaC2H302 or NH4OH -f- Aa AgCl

Salt

C

AgXlO-a
g equivalents per 1

s pptd from above solution by NaC2Hs02-f*
Aq (Mulder )
Sol in Hg(N03)2+Aq (Wackenroder, A

KC1

1
1
1

111
425
713

0 141
0 235
0 39J

;1 317), in considerable amount (Liebig, A
81 128), and is precipitated by HC1, NH4C1,
NaCl. KC2H302 (Debray, C R 70 849), in-

2
2

022
396

0 616
1 050

completely precipitated by AgN03 and not by
HNO3 (Wackenroder)

2

628

1 390

2

850

1 845

3

081

2 435

Solubility of AgCl in Hg(N08)2-f-Aq at 25°

3

424

3 602

(G mols per 1 )

3

843

5 725

BaCl2

1
i

248

0 186

OQOQ

HjgJOj),

AgCl

H6(NOa8)2

AgCl

2

2

676

1 274

0 0100

0 00432

0 050

0 00914

3

260

2 366

0 0125

0 00499

0 100

0 01395

OH95

n nnfton

i nnn

/\ A^QI A

(Forbes. Am

Chem Soc 1911. 88. 1940)

Sol ml iN03,KN03,Ca(N03)2,Mg(NO3)2,

and NH4 03+Aq, si sol at ord temp , but

solubility s much increased by heat

SoM ity in NaNO3-f Aq at 15-20°

ccm H2

g

NaNOa

mg AgCl
dissolved

100
200
300
100

0
0
2
2

787
787
361

787

1 33
1 93
3 99
2 53

Solubil y increases with

ascending temp

Temp

ccm HXD

g NaNOi

mg AgCl
dissolved

5C
15-17C
18e

100
100
100
100
100

0
0
0
0
0

787
787

787
787

0 86
1 33
1 46
2 33
3 99

At25c
free HNH
mg Ag(
above so
dissolvec

Solubj
fluenccd
Aq (v

In pi i
1 1 H2(J
and W(

Hg(N
titles of
(Muldei

Muci1
Hg(NO
than in
from th

(Mulder )

100,000 pte H,() containing a little

, and 0 7S7 g NaNOj dissolve 2 128

By adding 2 g more NaNO3 to

tion, 2 5269 mg (Vr moic) AgCl lie

(Muldci )

ty in Jf^O is not apprcci ibly in
>y Vio N to N-KNO, or NII4N()i
Hos* n, ( C 1912, II 1807 )
of N iNOj ind excess of HC1
c s 0 03 mg AgC 1 (Richaid

found that there was no difference in solubil-
.ty of AgCl with concentrations between 0 IN
and 2N HN03 (Morse, Z phys Ch 1902,
46 708)

Not sol to appreciable extent in Cu(NOs)2,
Fe2(N03)6, Mn(N03)2, Co(N03)2, Zn(N08)2,
or Ni(N03)2+Aq, insol or exceedingly si
sol in Pb(N03)2+Aq (Mulder)

Imperfectly sol in AgN03-|-Aq (Wacken-
roder )

Cone AgNO3-|-Aq dissolves AgCl per-
ceptibly

sssol in AgN03-|-Aq than AgBr (Risse,
A 111 39)

Solubility in 002N AgNO3-f Aq = 0 15 X
10 7 g mols per 1 (Bottger )

100 ccm of 3-N solution of AgN03 dis-
solve 0 08 g AgCl at 25° Moiedil solutions
dissolve very slight amounts of AgCl (Hell-
wig, Z anorg 1900, 25 177 )

Solubility in 2-N AgN03+Aq at ord
temp =003X10-3 g equiv AgCl (Forbes,
J Am Chem Soc 1912, 33 1946 )

holubihty in AgN03+Aq it t°

(Det by volumetric method )

AgNOj H ()=2 1

3)2 +Aq dissolves considerable quan
gCl, but the other nitrates do not

more bol m hot than in cole

-f-Aq, and much more sol therein

NH4N03-hAq NaCl ppts AgC

solution, much less sol therein m

( AfcNO,

n/10 NaGl

t

k \j,C 1 n,
tamul per KM)

(.C It)

g AfcNO

(,

2

57

0 478

7

2

45

0 410

S

2

40

0 359

q

2

35

0 319

11

2

30

0 261

7

1

26

0 205

10

1

22

0 143

10

4

65

0 572

10

5

86

0 715

828

SILVER CHLORIDE

Solubility in]AgN03+Aq at t° —Continued

heim and Stemhauser, Z anorg 1900, 25
103)

Solubility in Na thiosulphate +Aq at 16°

AgNOsH20=l 1

5
6
7
8
9
5 5
6 5
12

1
1
1
1
1
0 5
0 5
0 5

94
84
75
66
58
48
40
23

0 286
0 239
0 205
0 179
0 159
0 130
0 110
0 060

g NaaSzOa 5HaO
in 100 cc water

g dissolved AgCl

experimental

calculated

2 08
4 16
6 24
8 35
16 70
20 83

0 29
0 64
0 88
1 26
2 54
3 28

0 80
1 60
2 40
3 21
6 42
7 99

AgNOsHaO=12

6
7
8
10
12
8
12

0 5
0 5
0 5
05
0 5
0 25
0 25

104
92
85
73
61
45
28

0 120
0 103
0 090
0 072
0 060
0 045
0 030

(Abney, Z phys Ch 1895, 18 65 )

A solution of Na2S203+Aq containing 200
g Na2S208 per liter, dissolves 0 454 g AgCl
per g of Na2S2Os at 35° (Richards and
Faber, Am Ch J 1899, 21 170 )

Solubility in salts 4-Aq

(Lowry, Roy, Soc Proc 1914, 91 A 58 )

Solubility in AgN08+Aq at 20°
(Det by gravimetric method )

Solvent

Cone

Grams AgCl
sol in 100
grams solvent

«. A ~vrn „ TT rk g AgCl retained
« AgNOs g H20 p*r ^Q g AgNOs

Sodium thiosulphate

Ammonium thiosulphate

Sodium sulphite

Ammonium sulphite
carbonate
Ammonia + Aq

Magnesium chloride
Potassium cyanide
Ammonium sulphocyaru.de

Potassium
Calcium
Barium
Aluminum
Thiocarbaimde
Thiosmamine

1
5
10
20
1
5
10
10
20
10
10
3
15
50
5
5
10
15
10
10
10
10
10
1
5
10

0 40
2 00
4 10
6 10
0 57
1 32
3 92 J
0 441
0 95
Trace
0 05
1 40
7 58
0 50
2 75
0 08'
0 54
2 88
0 11
0 15
0 20
2 02
0 85
0 40
1 90
3 90,

20°

-25°
>20°
>25°

220 110 0 1372
220 165 0 1009
220 220 0 0722
220 330 0 0402
220 440 0 0294

(Lowry, Roy Soc Proc 1914, 91 A, 56 )
Insol in Na2S04+Aq

Solubility of AgCl in Na2S03+Aq at 25°
G formula weights per 1

SOa

Ag

SOs

Ag

0 080
0 106
0 220
0 234

0 478*

0 Oil
0 017
0 033
0 036
0 057*

0483*
0 470
0 652
0 890
0 937

0 059*
0 070
0 103
0 140
0 142

* In presence of 0 05 Cl
(Luther and Leubner, Z anorg 1912, 74 393 )

Easily sol in Na2S203 or KCN+Aq
When freshly pptd , very sol in solutions
of soluble thiosulphates, and especially in cone
NaaSaOs+Aq, which dissolves AgCl almost
as readily as H20 dissolves sugar K2S 03 +
Aq, even when very dil , also dissolves AgCl,
also SrS2O3+Aq (Herschel, 1819 )
Sol in KAsO +Aq (Reynoso )
Cold NaHSOaH-Aq dissolves a consider-
able amount of AgCl (Rosenheim and Stem-
hauser, Z anorg 1900, 25 78 )

Sol in cold sat (NH^&Os+Aq (Rosen-

(Valenta, M 1894, 15 250 )

Solubility in salts +Aq

31 71 cc of a solution of sodium thiosul-
phate containing 31 869 g Na2S2O3 per liter
(i e 5 g of the hydrate in 100 cc of the solu-
tion) dissolve 0 6124 g AgCl

21 88 cc of a solution of ammonium thio-
sulphate containing 50 g (NH4)2S2O3 per
liter dissolve 0 7024 g AgCl

27 34 cc of a solution of potassium cyanide
containing 49 511 g KCN per liter dissolve

SILVER CHLORIDE

829

14926 g gCl (Cohn, Z phys Ch 1895,
18 63)
Solubilrl of AgCl in sodium thiosulphate
and potas im cyanide solutions may be de-
termined ithout reference to experimental
date (Cc n)
SI sol ] liquid NH8 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 2( 829)
Insol IE aoderately dil Pb(C2Hs02)2-hAq
10 ccm ormal Hg(C2H302)2-j-Aq contain-
ing 0 1 g g dissolve 0 01892 g AgCl at 15°
(Stas )
100 ccn of a solution of a mixture of Na
and Hg i etates dissolve 0 00175 g AgCl
(Stas, A < (5) 3 145 )
Only si ol in liquid NHs
Solubili curve for AgCl, AgCl. 3NH3,
AgCl, 5N1 , (Jarry, A ch 1899, 17 342 )
Insol i alcoholic ammonia (Bodlander,
Z phys ( L 1892, 9 731 )
Nearly isol in ether (Mylius and Hutt-
ner, B ic 1,44 1316)
Percept >ly sol on warming with solution
of tartari acid, but nearly the whole is de-
posited o] cooling
Insol i acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329) , ing in acetone and in methylal
(Eidmam C C 1899,11 1014)
Insol i methyl acetate (Bezold, Dissert
1906, Na nann, B 1909,42 3790)
Insol ] ethyl acetate (Hamers, Dissert
1906, N imann,B 1910,43 314)
Sol in lethylamme+Aq (Wurtz, A ch
(3) 30 4f )

Solubih r of AgCl in methylamme at 11 5°

At 25°, 1 1 methylamine+Aq, containing
1 017 g mols CH8NH2, dissolves 0 0387 g
mol AgCl, 0508 g mol CH8NH2, 00178 g
mol AgCl (Bodlander and Eberlein, B
1903,36 3948)

Solubility in ethyanune-hAq at 25°
G mols pertl

CsHfiNH

AgCl

0 01272
0 03942
0 05512
0 06572
0 10300

0 000114
0 000156
0 000235
0 000312
0 000824

(Wuth, B 1902, 35 2416 )

Solubility in ethylamine+Aq at t°
G mols perl

t° CaHfiNH

Ag

18 0 094
25 0 093
25 0 094
18 0 236
25 0 234
18 0 462

0 00458
0 00474
0 00478
0 0132
0 0136
0 0251

(Euler, B 1903, 36 2880 )

At 25°, 1 1 ethylamine+Aq, containing
0 483 g mol C2H5NH2, dissolves 0 0314 g
mols AgCl, 0 200 g mol C2H6NH2, 0 0115 g
mol AgCl, 0 100 g mol C2H6NH2, 0 0062 g
mol AgCl (Bodlander and Eberlein )
bol in amylamme+Aq, but less than in
NH4OH+Aq
Sol m caprylamme-f Aq
Easily sol on warming in ethylene diamine
+Aq (Kurnakow, Z anorg 1898, 17 220 )
Easily sol m alcoholic solution of thiaceta-
mido (Kmnakow, J pr 1895, (2) 51 251 )
Insol m benzonitnle (Naurnann, B
1914, 47 1370 )

Solubility in pyridmc at t°

% CHaNI

% AgCl

% CH3NH2 % AgCl

1 78
4 44
5 51
7 66

0 16
0 62
0 83
1 32

13 70 3 29
18 69 5 43
36 69 9 93

(Ji py, A ch 1899, (7) 17 342 )

Solubi] y in mothylamme+Aq at 25°
G mols per 1

( f3NH2

AgCl

0200
0400
0740
0047
1950

0 000300
0 000370
0 000424
0 000447
0 000481

g AgCl sol
t m 100 g
pyndme

Solid phase

-52 0 70

AgCl, 2CBH6N
AgCl, C6HiN

Wuth, B 1902, 35 241b )

Solu hty in mtthylammo-j-Aq at t°
G mols per 1

— 49 0 77
- 35 0 <)<)
-30 1 30
-25 1 80
- 22 2 20
tr insition point 2 75

t°

CHaNHi

Ag

18
25
25

0 93
0 93
0 93

0 0315
0 0338
0 0335

— 20 3 71
-18 3 85
-10 4 35
- 5 5 05

IK P(\

Euler, B 1903, 36 2880

O OU

830

SILVER CHLORIDE AMMONIA

Solubility in pyridine at t° — 'Continued

Solubility of AgF m H20 at t°

/"I _ - * nf\ i-r s\

g AgCl sol

u- per iuu g tttfj

t°

m 100 g
pyndine

Solid phase

t°

AgF

Solid phase

transition point
0

5 35

-14 2

+18 5

60
165

Ice+AgF,4H20
AgF, 4H20

10

3 17

18 65

169 5

" +AgF,2H20

20

1 91

20

172

AgF, 2H2O

30

A J7JL

1 20

24

178

t(

40

0 80

25

179 5

tt

50
60

0 53
0 403

AgCl

28 5
32

215
193

tt
tt

70

0 32

39 5

222

AgF, 2H20+AgF

80

0 25

108

205

AgF

90
100

0 22

0 18

(Guntz, A ch 1914, (9) 2 101 )

110

0 12

Sp gr AgF+Aq at 18°

(Kahlenberg, J phys Chem 1909, 13 423 )

%AgF

Sp gr

Easily sol in warm piperidme (Varet,
C R 1892, 115 335 )

7
29

20
60

1 07
1 38

Mol wt determined in piperidme (Wer-

4Q

20

1 82

ner, Z anorg 1897, 15 16 )

56

40

2 OP

Quinoline dissolves traces of AgCl (Varet,

66

20

2 62

C R 1893, 116 60 )
As sol m conune-f-Aq as in NH4OH-f Aq
(Blyth, Chem Soc 1 350 )

(Guntz, A ch 1914, (9) 2 104 )
Data on solubility of AgF m HF+Aq are

Sol m smamine, and thiosinanmne+Aq
Min Cerargynte

given by Guntz (I c )
SI sol m liquid NH8 (Gore, Am Ch J

1898 20 8L

>Q ^

Silver chloride ammonia, AgCl, 2NH8

+H20 Deliquescent Sol in H2O

Decomp by H20 (Terrell, A Phys
Beibl 7 149)

(Guntz. A
+2H20

ch 1914, (9) 2 101 )
Deliquescent Sol in H2O

2AgCl, 3NH3 Decomp on air and m H20
to AgCl Sol in cone NH4OH+Aq, from
which it can be crystallised (Rose )
Insol in alcohol (Bodlander, Z phys Ch
3 730)

(Guntz )
+4H20 Not deliquescent Sol in H2O
(Guntz )
+s/3 H20 Unstable m the presence of
crystals of AgF+2H20 (Guntz, A ch 1914,

AgCl, 3NH3 More easily decomp than

(9) 2 101 )

2AgCl, 3NH8
SI sol in liquid NH3 (Jarry, A ch 1899,
(7) 17 343)

Silver hydrogen fluoride, AgF, HF

(Guntz )

AgCl, 5NH3 SI sol in liquid NH3
(Jarry, A ch 1899, (7) 17 336 )

AgF, 3HF Very unstable
Sol m HF (Guntz, Bull Soc 1895, (3)

•IO 1 1 A \

Silver chlorobromoiodides

(Rodwell, Proc Roy Soc 25 292 )

Silver ^ofluoride (argentous fluoride), Ag2F

Decomp by H2O into Ag and AgF
(Guntz, C R 110 1337 )

Decomp by H2O

Insol in abs alcohol, ether, acetone and
xylene (Wohler and Rodewald, Z anorg
1909, 61 63 )

Decomp by H20 until the solution con-
tains 645% AgF, independent of temp
(Guntz, C R 1913, 157 Q81 )

Silver fluoride, AgF

Extremely deliquescent (Gore )

Sol in 0 55 pt H20 at 15 5° with evolution

of heat Sp gr of sat solution at 15 5°

2 61 (Gore )

Silver stannic fluoride

See Fluostannate, silver
Silver tungstyl fluoride

See Fluoxtungstate, silver

Silver, fidm mating

See Silver nitride
Silver hydride, AgH

Not decomp by H20 (Bartlett, Am Ch
J 1896, 19 52 )

Argentous hydroxide, Ag402H2

Sol in H20 Known only in solution
(Weltzein, A 142 105 )

Silver hydroxide, AgOH
Decomp into Ag20 and H20 above —40°
See Silver oxide

SILVER IODIDE

831

Argentous i

Ude, Ag2I

According to Field, insol in cold cone KC1

(Guntz, ( R 112 861 )

or NaCl-f-Aq, and only in traces

on boiling,

and separates out on cooling

Silver inn

>Sulphamide, AgN(S02NH2)2+

100 g NaCl m cone NaCl+Aq dissolve

IJiEW

095 mg Agl at 15°, 100 g NH4C1 in cone

Decomp
m hot, moi
it cryst ur
solution is
by acids
easily sol
1905,38 li
(S02)8N<
m hot H20

lowly in the air Somewhat sol
sol in boiling H20, from which
hanged on cooling In aqueous
table toward alkali Decomp
Difficultly sol in dry pyndine,
L pyridine-f Aq (Hantzsch, B
5 )
eAgs-h5j£E20 Nearly insol
(Ephraim and Michel, B 1909,

NH4Cl-t-Aq dissolve 2 9 mg Agl at 15°, 95 g
NaCl-f-10 g KBr in cone solution dissolve
1 2 mg Agl at 15°, 100 g KBr +225 g H20
dissolve 430 mg Agl at 15°, 100 g KBr in
cone KBr+Aq dissolve 525 mg Agl at 15°,
100 g KI+69 g H2O dissolve 89 8 g Agl at
15°, 100 g KI+92 g H20 dissolve 540 g
Agl at 15°, 100 g KI -j-366 g H2O dissolve
7 25 g Agl at 15 ° (Schierholz, W A B

42 3845 )

101, 2b 4 )

(S02)4N
Michel )
(S02)4N
Easily s

8Ag6+4H20 (Ephraim and

[Age 4- IK, 11, and 28 H20
in HN08 and NH4OH+Aq

Sol in cone KI+Aq, from which it is pre-
cipitated by H2O (Field, C N 3 17 )
KI gives a ppt with AgN08 m presence of
30,000 pts H20 (Hartmg)

SI sol inp
taming py

ridine Very sol in pyridine con-
iine nitrate and can be recryst

Solubility in KI+Aq at 15°

therefrom

(Ephraim and Michel )

%A o-T

%KI

%AtiL

(S02)4N

g7+8H20 (Ephraim and

% KI

Agl

Ag-L

Michel )

59 16

53 13

33 3

7 33

Silver iodii

, AffI

57 15

40

25 0

2 75

J •*£•*•

50 0

25 0

21 74

1 576

Insol m

r2o

40 0

1^ P

20

0 80

Calculat

1 from electrical conductivity of

J.O V/

Agl+Aq,

at 28 4°, a:

gl is sol m 1,074,040 pts H2O
1 420, 260 pts at 40° (Holleman,

(Schierholz,

W A B

1890, 101 2b 10)

Z phys C
1 1 H2

12 130)
dissolves 0 1 mg Agl at 18°

Solubility in KI+Aq at 25°

(Kohlraus

CJ i l 1 /

i and Rose, Z phvs Ch 12 241 )

TT (~\ i Vy* 1 A_S"\T ff)f\11n \

Mol KI per 1

g Agl per 1

bolubilii
Solubihl

in H2U — IX llr8JN (KolLa ;
mH20=097X10^g mols perl

1 937

46

42

at 25° (G

odwin, Z phys Ch 1894, 13 645 )

1 6304

24

01

Solubih

of Agl in H20 at 25° is 1 05 X 10~8

1 482

15

46

(in norma]

y) (Thiel, Z anorg 1900, 24 57 )

1 406

12

55

A sat a

solution at 20 8° contains 0 0020

1 018

3

47

xio-6 g

quiv per 1 (Kohlrausch, C C

1 008

3

32

1901,11 1

99)

0 734

1

032

1 1 H2(

dissolves 0 0035 mg Agl at 21°

0 586

0

512

(Kohlrtuc

11 TT t

i Z phys Ch 1904, 50 356 )

0 335

0

0853

1 Jig'

(Sammet,

dissolves 0 00253 mg Agl at 60°
phys Ch 1905, 63 644 )

Hellwig, Z anorg

1900, 26

180)

Solubih

in H20 = 1 23 X 10-* g -mol

per litre

25° (A * Hill, J Am Chom

Solubility m lU+Aq

Soc 1908

30 74 )

0003n

are contained in 1 1 of sat solu-

t =

50

tion at 21
64 168 )

(Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1908,

% Agl

% KI

Solid phase

Insol j

dil HN03+Aq or H3P04+Aq

2 5

24 8

Agl

Decomp

y hot (one HN()3+Aq or H2S04

16 0

43 8

'

Easily so

in cono Hl+Aq

28 0

36 7

u

1 pt A

[ dibsolv(b m 2510 pts NH4OH+

39 0

38 1

"

Aq of 0 Q

sp gr (Martini, ^chw J 56 154),

51 8

36 2

"

m 24S3 p

of 089 sp gr (Wallace and La,-

53 5

36 5

It

mont, Ch

oraz 1869 137)

53 5

36 b

AgI4

-Agl, KI

1 g *

I dissolves m 26,300 g 10%

53 5

37 1

Ae

pl. Kl

NH4OH-

Iq (sp gi =096) at 12° Insol

53 4

37 6

KI+AgI,KI

m5%N]

OH+Aq (longi, Gazz ch it 13

50 4

40 2

KI

87)

45 0

43 2

n

Coefhc

at of solubihtv in NH4OH-f-Aq

38 0

47 1

n

(density,

)926) is found lower than previ-

22 8

55 5

tt

ously ob

med and of the order of Veoooo at

10 7

59 1

"

16° (Be

bigny, Bull Soc 1908, (4) 3 772 )

$32

SILVER IODIDE

t=30°

Traces are dissolved by alkali nitrates +A<£
Easily sol in hot KOH+Aq, from which it is
)ptd by H20 or alcohol Not decomp by
wiling KOH+Aq (Vogel> N Rep Pharm
0 129)
100 pts of AgNOa+Aq sat at 11° dissolve
3 pts Agl in the cold, and 12 3 pts on boil-
nig (Schnauss )

Solubility of Agl in AgN03+Aq at 25°

%AgI

%KI

Solid phase

0 1
10 0
29 4
42 8
49 7
49 6
47 7
46 3
44 1
42 8
35 8
16 0
0

10 2
31 4
37 6
38 8
38 6
39 5
40 9
41 4
43 2
43 9
46 9
55 5
60 35

Agl

a
n

Agl + Agl, 2KI

Agr,,2fa

({

Agl. 2KI+KI

KI

it

(C

((

Mol AgNOs
mil

g Agl in 1 1

Solid phase

0 20
0 25
0 30
0 35
0 40
0 45
0 50
0 55
0 60
0 65
0 70

0 0680
0 080
0 090
0 125
0 167
0 224
0 299
0 400
0 528
0 672
0 850

Agl

t«o°

%AgI

% KI

Solid phase

0 2
1 5
6 5
26 6
28 1
38 0
37 9
37 6
" 37 9
31 3
21 7
18 0
9 0
0
27 5
21 0

9 8
20 5
26 1
34 6
36 4
41 3
42 0
42 7
44 0
46 6
50 5
51 2
53 0
56 1
48 7
50 3

Ag(I

(t
11
1C

Agl+Agl, ZI
AgI,*I

Agl, KI+KI
KI

tf

cc

it
ti

Agl, 2KI+KI
Agl, 2KI

1 215
1 63
2 04

3 08
6 26
10 90

JAgalNOa

2 54
3 115
3 75
4 055
4 69
5 90

16 1
22 7
33 2
40 0
53 2
85 0

.Ag3l(N08)2

(Hellwig, Z anorg 1900, 26 171 )

Solubility of Agl in 25% AgN03+Aq
reaches a maximum at about 60° and at the
point of maximum solubility the quantity
dissolved amounts to about 5 g Agl per 10O
g AgN03 (Lowry, Roy Soc Proc 1914,
91, A, 66 )
Sol in hot Hg(NO3)2+Aq, from which
it crystallizes on cooling

Solubility of Agl in Hg(N08)2-r-Aq at 25°

(Van Dam and Donk, Chem Weekbl 1911,
8 848)
Very sol mKI8+Aq (Muth, Dissert 1896)
Very sol in HgO in presence of Nal (Kur-
nakow, Ch Z 1900, 24 60 )

Solubility in KI+Aq at 15°

Composition of the sat
solution in mols per
1000 mols H2O

Solid phase

Mols
Naala

Mols
A.g2I2

Mols * ,,T Mols
Hg(N03)2 S~f Hg(NO,)j
per 1 *JC1 per 1

g Agl
per 1

35 63
40 54
61 55
80 55
94 25
107 52
117 96
134 40
135 83
133 81
129 02
122 56
117 11
111 52

8 14 Agl
10 94 'T
25 15 "
38 19 "
47 79
57 52 Agl-j-AgI, Nal, 3KH20
51 70 Agl, Nal, 3^H20
46 82 "
46 36 Agl, Nal, 3 Y2 H20 +Na
43 03 Nal
34 85 "
22 82 "

11 93 "
n

0 010 0 800 0 050
0 0125 0 841 0 100
0 025 1 118 1 000

1 737
2 730
25 160

Solubility is not affected by presence of
0 1 to 2N HN03
(Morse, Z phys Ch 1902, 41 708 )

Sol mKCN-fAq
SI sol in Na2S2Os+Aq when suspended in
much H20, but separates again on addition of
KI+Aq (Field )
Insol in Na2S2Os+Aq (Fogh, C R
1890, 110 711 )

(Krym, J Russ Phys Chem Soc 1909. 41
382.)

SILVER OXIDE

833

S< ubihty in salts +Aq

2AgI, NH3 (Rammelsberg, Pogg 48

T7H \

Solv€

%
Cone

grams Agl sol
in 100 grams
solvent

1/U )

Composition is Agl, NH3 (Longi, Gazz
ch it 13 86)

Sol in liquid NHa (Jarry, A ch 1899, (7)

Sodium thiosul ate

1

0 03

5

0 15

Agl, 2NH3 (Terreil, C R 98 1279 )

10

0 30

20

15

0 40

Silver nitride, Ag3N

Sodium sulphit

Ammonium sul ite
Potassium cyai e

20
10
20
10
5

0 60
0 01'
0 02
Traces
8 23

25

Berthollet's "knallsilber " Very explosive
Insol in H20 Sol in KON+Aq Slowly
sol in NH4OH+Aq (Raschig, A 233 93 )
(Angeli, Chem Soc 1894, 66 (2) 93 )

Ammonium sul ocyamde

5
10

0 02 '
0 OS

on

Argentous oxide, Ag40

Ji\J

15

\J \JO

0 13

JU\J

Insol in H20 Decomp by acids into

Potassium

10

argentic oxide and silver Insol inNH4OH+

Calcium

10

0 03

Aq or HC2H302 (v der Pfordten,|B * 20

Barium

10

0 02

1458 )

Aluminum

10

0 02

Contains H, and is a hydroxide Ag4.H20

Thiocarbamide

10

0 79

25

(v der Pfordten, B 21 2288 )

Thiosmamme

1

5

0 008
0 05

The above substance is a mixture, accord-
ing to Fnedheim (B 20 2557 )

10

0 09

-

Silver oxide, Ag20

(Val ita, M 1894 16 250 )

Very sol i
Ch J 1898,
17 370)

Easily sol
B 1905,38

Insol m a
II, 1014), (N

Insol m ]
sert 1906),

Insol in C
6 257)

Much less
AgCl and -A
1892, 61 253

Insol in
1914, 4=7 137

Slowly sol
C R JS92, 1

OlOpts is

8 60 pts ar
(Laszczynski

Mol wt d
ner, Z anorg

Mm lodyi

Silver hydroj
(Berthelot,

Silver sodmn
Very sol n

1913, 103 7I>
Agl, Nal

Phys Chem
See

liquid NH8 (Franklin, Am

0 829, Jarry, A ch 1899, (7)

liquid NH3 (Ruff and Geisel,
>62)

tone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
imann, B 1904, 37 4329 )
ethyl acetate (Bezold, Dis-
Jaumann, B 1909, 42 3790 )
(Aictowski, Z anorg 1894,

1 m hot alcoholic thiourea than
Bi (Reynolds, Chem Soc

nzonitnle (Naumann, B

n pipcndmc at 100° (Varet,

W6)

ol in 100 pts pyridine at 10°
30! m 100 pts pyridine at 121°
* 1S94, 27 22S8 )
(rnjjmd in pipcndmo (Wu
1897, 16 10 )
e

n iodide, iAgl, Hl-fTH/)
1 R 91 1024)

iodide, 2Agl, Nal

icetono (Maifeh, Chem Soe

Silver iodide

Sol m hqi

(7) 17 371)

(Krym, J Russ
DC 1909, 41 382 )
I under Agl

nmoma, Agl, NH3

1 NH3 (Jarry, A ch 1899,

Somewhat sol mH2O (Bucholz )

Sol in 3000 pts H2O (Bmeau C R 41 509)
sol m 96 pts H2O (Abl )

Sol m 15,360 pts H2O (Levi, Gazz ch it
1901, 31 (1) 1 )

Solubility in H20 at 25° =2 16X10 4 mols
AgOH per htre (Noyes, J Am Chem
Soc 1902, 24 1147 )

1 liter sat aqueous solution at 19 96° con-
tains 2 14X10-2 g , at 24 94° contains 2 5X
10 2 g Ag2O (Bottger, Z phys Ch 1903,
46 603 )

1 1 H2O at 25° dissolves 1 8X10-4 gram-
atoms of silver Determined from its solu-
bility m NH3 (Abegg and Cox. Z phys
Ch 1903, 46 11 )

1 1 H2O dissolves 0 0215 g Ag20 at 20°
(Whitby, Z anorg 1910 67 108)

1 he solubility of Ag2O in H2O varies with
the method of preparation

Solubility of Ag20 (picparcd by action of
NaOH, ficshly prepared by the solution of
No, in H,jO, on a dil solution of AgN03) =

2 10X10 4 g-mol in 1 1 H2O at 25°, 2 97 X
104g-mol at 50°

Solubility of Ag2O (prepared by action of
aqueous baimm hydi oxide on AgNOs) =
223X10-4 g-mol m 1 1 H2O it 25°,

3 09X10-4 g-mol in 1 1 H20 at 50°
Solubility of Ag2O (prepared by action of

cone NaOH+Aq on moist, fleshly pptd
AgCl) =2 32X10 4 g-mol m 1 1 H20 at
25°, 3 55 X 10 4 g -mol at 50°

Solubility of Ag O (pi epared by action of
eonc NaOH+Aq on moist, iieshly pptd
Ag2CO3)=295X104 g-mol in 1 1 H20 at
25°, 389X104 g-mol at 50° (Rebiere,
Bull Soc 1915, (4) 7 311 )

Sol in acids, NH4OH, and (NH4)2C03 +
Aq Decomp by alkali chlorides, biomides,

834

SILVER OXIDE

and iodides H-Aq Sol in alkali cyanides, and
thiosulphates+Aq SI sol in nitrates -j-Aq,
insol in sulphates -f Aq When freshly
pptd, sol in NELSON +Aq SI sol in
NH^Os-j-Aq Abundantly sol inBa(NO3)2
+Aq without ppfcn of BaQ2H2 Sol in
boiling Mn(N08)2, Ni(NOs)2, Co(N08)2,
Cu(NOs)2, and Ce2(N"08)6+Aq with pptn
of oxides (Persoz )

Insol in KOH, and NaOH-f-Aq SI sol
in Ba02H2+Aq (Berzehus (?)

Solubihty in NH4OH+Aq at 25°

Q at Ag per 1

Mol NHsperl

0 0654

0 214

0 0658

0 220

0 134

0 458

0 140

0 469

0 205

0 671

0 205

0 684

0 225

0 720

0 224

0 733

0 251

0 811

0 248

0 827

0 242

0 830

0 257

0 876

0 278

0 899

0 276

0 915

0 299

0 999

0 343

1 147

0 454

1 498

0 470

1 522

Silver peroxide, Ag202

Sol m cone HJ304 (Rose), and in pure
ENOs+Aq without decomp Sol inNEUOH
+Aq (Schanbem, J pr 41 321 )

Sol in HN03 and H2S04 with decomp
Mulder, R t c 1898, 17 151 )

Insol in liquid NHS (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 829 )

Silver oxide ammonia
See Silver nitride

Silver oxybromide, AgyOBr?

Insol in H20 Insol in HN08 Sol n
lot ammonia and in NaOCl + Aq fSeyewetz
" R 1912, 154 357 )

Silver oxyfluonde, AgF, AgOH

Decomp by H20 with separation of Ag2O
(Pf aundler )

Silver pejoxyfluoride, 2Ag304, AgF
(Tanatar, Z anorg 1901, 28 335 )
4Ag3O4, 3AgF (Tanatar, Z anorg 1901

28 335)

utney and Melcher, J Am Chem Soc
1903, 26 78 )

Insol in liquid NHs (Franklin, Am ch
J 1898, 20 829 )

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014), (Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329)

Insol in ethyl acetate (Hamers, Dissert
1906, Naumann, B 1910,43 314)

SI sol in amylamine+Aq, easily in
methylamrne+Aq (Wurtz; A ch 30 453)
also in ethylamme, and thiosinamme+Aq

Solubihty in methylanune+Aq at 18°
G mols perl

CHsNHa

4g

0 1
0 5
1 0

0 0221
0 118
0 228

(Euler, B 1903,36 2879)

Solubihty m ethylamme +Aq at 18°
G mols per 1

CaHsNHa

Ag

0 1
0 5 (interpolated)
1 0
0 561
lO 927

0 0322
0 160
0 314
0 180
0 291

(Euler)

Silver oxyiodide, Ag20,

(Seyewitz, Bull Soc 1894, (3) 11 452 )

Silver phosphide, AgP2

Sol in HN03 Attacked by aqua regi
(Granger, C R 1897, 124 897 )

Ag43?6 Insol in HCl+Aq, easily sol i
HNOs-l-Aq (Schrotter, J B 1849 247 )

Ag2P6 (HackspiU, C R 1913, 157 720

AgsP (?) (Fresemus and Neubauer, !!
anal 1 340)

Silver phosphoselemde, Ag2Se, P2Se

Insol in H20 or HCl-fAq Sol in HNO8

Ao Insol in cold, decomp by hot alkalies

Aq (Hahn, J pr 93 436 )

2Ag2Se, P2Se3 Insol m H->0, HC1, <

HN03+Aq, slowly sol m red fuming HNC

(Hahn, J pr 93 440 )
2Ag2Se. P2Se6 Sol only in fuming HNC

(Hahn)

Silver phosphosulphide, 2Ag2S, P2S
Ag2S, P2S (Berzehus,A 46 254)
2Ag2S, P2S3 Easily sol m HNO3-M

without separation of P (Berzelms )
Ag4P2S (Berzelms )
Ag^Sa Easily attacked by hot COD

HC1 SI decomp Insol in hot HNO3 D

comp by aqua regia (Ferrand, A ch 189

(7)17 413?

Silver selemde, Ag2Se

Sol m boihng HNOs+Aq as Ag2SeC
which separates out by dilution with H2(
(Berzelms )

Insol in Hg2(N08)24-Aq (Wackenrod*
A 41 327)

SODIUM ACETYLIDE ACETYLENE

835

Insol in dil , but sol

Mm Na nanmte

in cone HJ 3j+Aq

Silver sul] amide (silver thionyl amide),

S02(N Ag)2

Insol in yridine (Hantzch and Holl, B

1901,34 3 6)

+H20 (Ephraim and Gurevitsch, B

1910,43 1 0

Argentous ilphide,

Easily sc m warm dil HN03+Aq, and in

cone H2SC without separation of S Sol in

cone KC£ f Aq (V der Pfordten, B 20

1458, Gunl C R 112 861 )

Silver sulp
Less sol

anorg 19O
11 H20

as Ag2S at
26 72)

1 1 H2(
16-18° (I

1 1 H2<
Ag2S at 18
294)

Sol in <
of S Sol
comp by
+Aq In
H2S03+Ac

Insol in
sulphides H-

Sol in
240)

Pptd Aj
more thai]
Chem Soc

Only ve]
100° (Lo
70)

Sol m
240)

Difficult

if Ag b IS

Amt of K

the solubil

+Aq scpa,

J pr 60 ()

Insol in

Mm Ar

HNO,+A(

Sol in
KN03 (1

Silver disu

Sol m J

decomp in

out S (H

de, Ag2S

m H20 than Agl (Lucas, Z

41 210)

issolves about 4X10 u g at Ag

*° (Bernfeld, Z phys Ch 1898,

dissolves 08X106 g mols at
Ltz, Z phjs Ch 1907, 58 291 )
dissolves 0552X106 g mols
(Weigel, Z phys Ch 1907, 58

nc HNOa+Aq with separation
a hot cone HCl+Aq Not de-
aCl2+Aq, but by CuCl2-f NaCl
»1 in NH4OH+Aq Insol in
ormHg(N03)2+Aq
2O, dil acids, alkalies, and alkali
q (Fresemus )
CN+Aq (Hahn, C C 1870

5 is very sol in HN08 containing
5% HN03 (Gruener, J Am
1910, 32 1032 )
si sol in AgNOs+Aq, even at
ty, Roy Soc Proc 1914, 91, A

CN+Aq (Hahn, C C 1870

sol in KCN +Aq, less difficultly
•ptd from a very dil solution
N present also has influence on
f Ag2S dissolved m cone KCN
tes out on dilution (JBe"champ,

II4C1 01 NH4NOa + Aq (Brett )
ntite A(anthite Sol in cone
with separation of S
trie aud-f-Aq with addition of
Iton, C N 37 48 )

hide, Ag2S2
O with decornp , also sol with
Cl, HNO3 Cb2 does not dissolve
it/sch, Z anoig 1898,19 105)

Silver zmc sulphide, AgoS, 3ZnS
(Schneider, J pr (2) 8 29 )

Silver sulphunide (silver thionyl imide),

S02NAg

Very si sol m cold, more sol in hot H20
Very sol m dil HN03 (Traube, B 1892,
25 2474)

Silver sulphophosphide
See Silver phosphosulphide

Silver tellunde, Ag2Te

Mm Hessite Sol m warm HN03+Aq

at -23°,
° <7oannis

Silver sodi n sulphide, 3Ag,S, Na^S-f 2H2O

Sol m c ic Na2S-|-Aq with decomp , sol

in H2O wi i decomp (Ditte, C R 1895,

120 93 )

S o dajoiinoniuin,

100 g hq NHs dissolve 605 g
564g atO°,56g at+5°,55g at!
• ch 1906, (8) 7 41 )

Sodium, Na2

Violently decomposes H20. alcohol, etc
Insol m hydrocarbons Easily sol in acids
with violent action

Solubility in fused NaOH
G sol in 100 g fused NaOH at temp

t°

G per 100 g NaOH

480

25 3

600

10 1

610

9 9

670

9 5

760

7 9

800

6 9

(Hevesy, Z Elektrochem 1909, 15 531 )

Insol in liquid CO2 (Buchner, Z phys
Ch 1906, 54 674 )

Sol in liquid NH3 (Fianklm, Am Ch J
189S, 20 829 )

1 gi im atom dissolves —

at 4-22° in 6 14 mol liquid NH3

O1
" —30° '

" —70°
" —105°

5S7
552
530
520
49S

(Ruff, B 190o, 39 Si9)

Yi com oldc acid dissolves 0 044<) £ Ni
m 6 days (Gates, I phvb Chcm 1911,15
143 ) ,

Insol in cthylammc and in bccondaiy and
tertiary immes (Ki \us, J Am Chem Soc
1907, 29 1501 )

Sodium acetyhde acetylene, Na2C2, C2II2

Very deliquescent Decomp by H20 and
by absolute alcohol Insol in ether, hgroin,
etc (Moissan, C R 1898, 127 915 )

836

SODIUM AMALGAM

Sodium amalgam
NaHgs Stable in contact with the liquid
vmalgam from 0°-40 5° Can be cryst from
Ig without decomp at any temp between
hese limits
NaHgg Stable in contact with the liquid
malgam from 405VL500 Can be cryst
rom Hg without decomp at anv temp be-
ween these limits CKerp, Z anorg 1900,
'6 68)

2H20, of which the solubility in 100 pts H2O
was found to be as follows

t°

Pts NaBr

t°

Pts NaBr

t°

Pta NaBr

i— tO lOO tOO 1

TTTTi 1

71 1
71 4
73 1
75 1
77 1
79 5

+5
10
15
20
25

82 0
84 5
87 3
90 3
93 8

30
35
40
45
50

97 3
101 3
105 8
110 6
116 0

sodium amide, NaNH2
Decomp by H2O and alcohol

imidpchlonde,
H20 with decomp (Joanms, C R

" arsenide,
mp H20 (Lebeau, C R 1900, 130

sodium arsenide ammonia, NasAs, NH3
Easily sol in liquid NH3 (Lebeau, C R

1900, 130 502 )
SI sol in liquid NH8 (Hugot, C R 1898,

127 554)

Sodium azoimide, NaN3
Not hygroscopic Sol in H20 Insol in

alcohol and ether (Curtms, B 24 3344)
40 16 pts are sol in 100 pts H20 at 10°
407 " " " " 100 " H20 " 352
41 7 " " " " 100 " H20 " 17 0°
0 3153 pt is sol in 100 pts abs alcohol at

16°
Insol in pure ether (CurtiuB. J pr 1898.

(2) 68 279

Sodium bromide, NaBr, and +2H20

Not deliquescent Solubility in H20 dif-
fers according as NaBr or NaBr-f- 2H20 is
used The following data for anhydrous

(Coppet, A ch (5) 30 420 )

If solubility S= pts NaBr in 100 pts solu-
tion, S-400+01746tfrom -20° to +40°,
S=523+00125t from 50° to 150° (fitard,
C R 98 1432)

100 pts H30 dissolve at 0°, 77 5 pts NaBr,
at 20°, 88 4 pts , at 40°, 104 2 pts , at 60°,
111 1 pts , at 80°, 112 4 pts , at 100°, 114 9
pts (Kremers )

Sat solution boils at 121° (Kremers, Pogg
97 14)

Sat NaBr-f Aq contains at
—22° —10° +140°
40 1 42 5 56 5

163°

57 5% NaBr,

180° 180° 210° 212° 230°

59 5 59 0 60 9 61 0 62 0% NaBr

(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 539 )

100 g sat NaBr+Aq at 16 4° contain 47
g NaBr (Greenish, Pharm J 1900, 65 190 )

Solubility of NaBr+2H2O m H2O at 30° =
65 5% anhydrous NaBr (Cocheret, Dissert
1911)

Sp gr of NaBr-f-Aq at 1Q 5° containing

5 10 15 20 25 % NaBr,

1 040 1 080 1 125 1 174 1 226

30 35 40 45 50 % NaBi
1281 1334 1410 1483 1565
(Gerlach,Z anal 8 285)

NaBr were found
Pts NaBr dissolved by 100 pts H20 at t°

NaBr+Aq containing 17 15% NaBr has
sp gr 20°/20° = 11473
NaBr-f Aq containing 2272% NaBi^has
sp gr 20°/20°- 12060
(Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phys Ch 1896,
19 278)

Sp gr of NaBr+Aq at 20 5°

t°

Pts
NaBr

t°

Pts
NaBr

t°

Pts
NaBr

44 1
51 5
55 1
60 3
64 5

115 6
116 2
116 8
117 0
117 3

74 5
80 5
86 0
90 5

118 4
118 6
118 8
119 7

97 2
100 3
110 6
114 3

119 9
120 6
122 7
124 0

Normality of
NaBr +Aq

g NaBr in 100
g of solution

Sp gr 20 5°/4°

4 33
3 00
1 99
0 98

33 57
25 10
17 77
9 41

1 3284
1 2284
1 1526
1 0750

Solubility is represented by a straight line
of the formula S - 110 34+0 1075t
Below 50° the salt usually crystallizes with

(Oppenheimer, Z phys Ch 1898, 27 452 )

SODIUM BROMIDE

837

Sp gr t 20° of NaBr+Aq containing
M g mols ^aBr per liter

M ( )1 0025 005 0075
Sp gr 1 0 1732 1 002177 1 004074 1 005972

M (0 025 050 075
Sp gr 10 r88 101964 103908 105811

M 1 ) 15 20
Sp gr 1 0 >32 1 11963 1 15240

(Jones anc ^earce, Am Ch J 1907, 38 728 )

Sol in 2SO4 (Walden, Z anorg 1902,
29 384)

tf\f\ wJ-n VTnT3*,_I_A« on* a+ 1Q_1O° rtrtM-foiM

Solubility in ethyl alcohol at 30°

wt %

Solid phase

Alcohol

NaBr

0
11 79
31 78
43 22
54 59
65 51
72 36
76 92
87 35
97 08

59 4
42 90
32 12
26 79
20 83
16 08
13 41
12 03
7 44
3 01

NaBr,f2H20

NaBr, 2H20-f NaBr
NaBr

(C

46 05 pts
sat at 18
salts, 100
contain 6
NaBr-fN
tain 63 20
J pr 98

Solubih

TaBr, 100 pts NaBr+NaCl-f Aq
9° contain 46 59 pts of the two
s NaBr-f-Nal-fAqsat at 18-19°
15 pts of the two salts, 100 pts
Dl+Nal+Aq sat at 18-19° con-
its of the three salts (v Hauer,
•7)

of NaBr in NaOH+Aq at 17°
(G per 100 g H20 )

NaOH

NaBr

NaOH

NaBr

0 0

91 38

22 35

59 60

3 26

79 86

24 74

55 03

9 24

68 85

28 43

48 00

13 43

64 90

36 61

38 41

17 17

63 06

46 96

29 37

19 12

62 51

54 52

24 76

( ittc, C R 1897, 124 30 )

Easily
anorg 19'

Very si

NaBz-f
15°, in 1
1200 pts
Dmgl 22

NaBr -f
hoi, and
3 pts 60'
(Hagci )

100 pt
17 35 pts
10 783)

100 g
at the
phys Ch

At roo
sol m

)1 in liquid HI (Franklin, Z

,46 2)

iol in alcohol

H20 is sol m 1 10 pts H20 at

> pts absolute alcohol at 15°, in

absolute ethu at 15° (P dor,

S9)

H2O is sol m 2 25 pts bO% alco-

pts 90% alcohol NaBr is sol m

dcohol, and 10 pts 90% alcohol

absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
it 1() 5 ° (dc Bruyn, Z phys Ch

aBi +C1I,OH contain 0 9 g N iBi
itical t<mp (Ccntntife^wer, Z
1910, 72 437 )
temp , 1 pt NaBr by weight is

4 6 ts methyl alcohol D15 0 7990

14 0 " ethvl " D15 0 8100

49 7 " propyl " D15 0 8160

(Rol and, Z anorg 1898, 18 325 )

(Cocheret, Dissert 1911 )

Solubility in mixtures of methyl and ethyl
alcohol at 25°

P = % methyl alcohol in the solvent
G = g NaBr in 10 ccm of the solution
S=Sp gr of the sat solution

P

G

S 25°/4°

0 00
4 37
10 40
41 02
80 69
84 77
91 25
100 00

0 293
0 365
0 404
0 724
1 251
1 286
1 432
1 440

0 8189
0 8265
0 8273
0 8593
0 9079
0 9104
0 9235
0 9238

(Hera and Kuhn, Z anorg 1908, 60 155 )

Solubility in mixtures of methyl and propyl
alcohol at 25°

P = % propyl alcohol in the solvent
G = g NaBr in 10 ccm of the solution
S - Sp gr of the sat solution

I

G

S25/4

0

1 440

0 9238

11 11

1 243

0 9048

23 8

1 05*

0 8887

65 2

0 442

0 8390

91 S

0 147

0 8153

93 75

0 126

0 8144

100

0 074

0 8093

(Herz and Kuhn, Z anorg 1908, 60 156 )

838

SODIUM STANNIC BROMIDE

Solubility in mixtures of propyl and ethyl
alcohol at 25°
P = % propyl alcohol in the solvent
G = g NaBr in 10 ccm of the solution
S = Sp gr of the sat solution

100 pts HsO at t° dissolve pts NaCl

t°

Pts NaCl

Authority

0

13 89
16 90
59 93
109 73

More than
at 13 89°
35 81
35 88
37 14
40 38

Gay Lussac A ch (2) 11
310

£

G

S 25°/4°

0
8 1
17 85
56 6
88 6
91 2
95 2
100

0 293
0 249
0 247
0 190
0 111
0 083
0 082
0 074

0 8189
0 8147
0 8145
0 8107
0 8116
0 8083
0 8090
0 8093

12
100

35 91
39 92

Fehhng A 77 382

18 75

37 731

Bischof

10-15

35 42

Bergmann

106 +

42 86

Griffiths 1825

20

35 9

Schiff A 109 326

(Herz and Kuhn, Z anorg 1908, 60 159 )

2 05 g are sol in 100 g propyl alcohol
(Schlamp, Z phys Ch 1894, 14 276 )
SI sol m acetone (Krug and M'Elroy. J
Anal Ch 6 184)
100 g 95% formic acid dissolve 228 g
NaBr at 18 5° (Aschan, Ch Ztg 1913, 37
1117)
Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910, 43 314), benzomtnle (Naumann,
B 1914, 47 1370 >
The composition of the hydrates formed by
NaBr at different dilutions is calculated from
determinations of the lowering of the fr-
pt produced by NaBr and of the conductivity
and sp gr of NaBr+Aq (Jones. Am Ch
J 1905, 34 303 )

Sodium stannic bromide

All temps

37

Fuchs and Beichenbach
1826

25

35 7

Kopp A 34 262

18 75

36 53

C J B Karsten 1840

18 75
100

36 121
36 724
41 076

G Karsten

1 25
Boiling

36 119
39 324

Unger J pr 8 285

18 75
100

35 40
36 95

Karsten (?) cited by
Unger I c

15 56
100

34 2-35 42
36 16

Ure s Diet

15

35 837

Michel and Krafft

1 pt NaCl is sol in 2 789 pts H2O at 15° (Gerlach)
in 3 pts H2O at 18 75° (Abl) m 2 8235 pts H2O at ord
temp (Bergmann) in 2 7647 pts boiling H2O (Berg-
mann) in 2 857 pts hot or cold EUO (Fourcroy)
Not deposited from boiling aqueous solution unless
the vessel containing it is open to the air (Unger I c )

Sodium uranous bromide, Na2UBr6

As K salt (Aloy, Bull Soc 1899, (3) 21
264)

Sodium zinc bromide, NaBr, ZnBr2-f-H20
Hygroscopic (Ephraim, Z anorg 1908.

59 63 )

2NaBr, ZnBr2+5H20 Hygroscopic

(Ephraim )

Sodium carbide, Na2C2

Insol in al] neutral solvents, decomp on
heating and by H20 (Matignon. C R 1897,
126 1034)

Solubility m 100 pts H2O at t°

t°

Pts NaCl

t°

Pts NaCl

1 5
13 75

33 6
35 8

70
108 5

38 1
39 4

(Nordenskjdld Pogg 136 315 )

Solubility in 100 pts HaO at t°

t°

Pts NaCl

t°

Pts NaCl

13 89
16 90

35 8
35 9

59 93
109 73

37 1
40 4

Sodium carbonyl, Na2C202

Decomp by H2O with explosion
C R 116 1518)

CJoannis,

Sodium sw&chloride, Na4Cl2

Decomp by H2O into NaCl and NaOH-f
Aq (Kreutz, B 1897, 30 403 )

Sodium chloride, NaCl
Sol mH20

(Gay Lussac A oh 11 296)

Solubility of NaCl at various pressures The figures
represent pts NaCl in 100 pts sat NaCl -{-Aq at
t° and A pressure in atmospheres

A

0°

9°

12°

15°

20°

25

26 37
26 47

30°

20
40

26 25
26 35

26 44

26 32
26 38

26 35

26 30
26 39
26 40

26 35
26 37

26 47
26 53

(Miiller Pogg 117 386)

SODIUM CHLORIDE

839

10 pts H2O dissolve at t°

Solubility of NaCl in 100 pts H20 at t° —
Continued

t°

Pts NaCl

t°

Pts NaCl

-15
in

32 73
33 49
34 22
35 52
35 63
35 74
35 87
36 13

40
50
60
70
80
90
100
109 7

36 64
36 98
37 25
37 88
38 22
38 87
39 61
40 35

t

Pts

NaCl

t°

Pts

NaCl

t°

Pts
NaCl

- 5
0
5
9
14
25

90
91
92
93
94
95
96

39 1
39 1
39 2
39 3
39 3
39 4
39 4

97
98
99
100
101
102
103

39 5
39 6
39 7
39 8
39 8
39 9
40 0

104
105
106
107
108
109
109 7

40 0
40 1
40 1
40 2
40 3
40 3
40 4

(P male. A ch C3) 8 649 )

100 pts 20 dissolve at

0° ' 12° 15°

35 59 3' 72 35 77 35 68 pts NaCl,

20° 25° 30°
35 7 35 81 36 00 pts NaCl
/luller, Pogg 122 337 )

100 pts H20 dissolve 3576-3626 pts

NaCl at 1' 3°, and the sp gr of sat solution

- 1 204 Page and Keightley, Chem Soc
(2) 10 56C

100 pts 'TaCl-i-Aq sat at 18-19° contain

26 47 pts aCl (v Hauer, J pr 98 137 )

Solubihl of NaCl in 100 pts H20 at t°

t°

Pt

Na

t

Pts
NaCl

b°

Pts
NaCl

0

35

30

36 3

60

37 3

1

35

31

36 3

61

37 3

2

35

32

36 3

62

37 4

3

35

33

36 4

63

37 4

4

35

34

36 4

64

37 5

5

35

35

36 4

65

37 5

6

35

36

36 5

66

37 6

7

35

37

36 5

67

37 7

8

35

38

36 5

68

37 7

9

35

39

36 6

69

37 8

10

35

40

36 6

70

37 9

11

35

41

36 6

71

37 9

12

35

42

36 7

72

38 0

13

35

43

36 7

73

38 0

14

35 ,

44

36 8

74

38 1

15

35

45

36 8

75

38 2

16

35

46

36 8

76

38 2

17

35

47

36 9

77

38 2

18

35

48

36 9

78

38 2

19

36

49

36 9

79

38 3

20

36

50

37 0

80

38 4

21

36

51

37 0

81

38 4

22

36 )

52

37 0

82

38 5

23

36 L

53

37 1

83

38 6

24

36 L

54

37 1

84

38 6

25

36 L

55

37 1

85

38 7

26

36 L

56

37 2

86

38 7

27

36 >

57

37 2

87

38 8

28

36 2

58

37 2

88

38 9

29

se 2

59

37 3

89

39 0

(Calculated by Mulder from 3ns own and
other observations. Scheik Verhandel
1864 37)

Solubility in 100 pts H20 at
0-4° 20° 40° 60° 80°
35 630 35 825 36 32 37 06 38 00

(Andreae, J pr (2) 29 456 )

Solubility in 100 pts H20 from most care-
ful experiments

0°
35 571

20°
35 853

60°
37 091

80°
38 046

(Raupenstrauch, M Ch 6 563 )

Solubility of NaCl in 100 pts H2O at t°

t

Pts NaCl

t°

Pts NaCl

-14 0

32 5

44 75

36 64

-13 8

32 15

52 5

37 04

- 6 25

34 22

55 0

36 99

- 5 95

34 15

59 75

37 31

0

35 7

71 3

37 96

3 6

35 79

74 45

37 96

5 3

35 8

82 05

38 41

14 45

35 94

86 7

38 47

20 85

35 63

93 65

38 90

25 45

35 90

101 7

40 76

38 55

36 52

Solubility above 20° is represented by the
formula S = 34 359+0 0527t (Coppet, A
ch (5)30 426)

Solubility of NaCl m 100 pts H20 at high
temp

t°

Pts NaCl

t°

Pts NaCl

118
140

39 8
42 1

160
180

43 6
44 9

(Tilden and Shenstone, Phil Trans 1884 23 )

840

SODIUM CHLORIDE

Sat NaCl+Aq contains % NaCl at t°

Solubility of NaCl in H20 at 24 5° at vary-
ing pressures

S=g NaCl in 100 g solvent
P= pressure in atmospheres

t°

% NaCl

t°

%NaCl

-21
-21
-18

17

23 7
23 4
23 5
23 3
25 5
25 8
26 7
26 8

77
90
115
135
140
150
180
215

28 0
28 2
29 1
28 9
28 8
29 6
30 2
31 6

P

s

100 g of solution contains
g NaCl

- 7
0
+15
55

1
250
500
1000
1500

35 90
36 25
36 55
37 02
37 36

26 42
26 61
26 77
27 02
27 20

100 g H2O dissolve 0 616 gram-equiva-
lent NaCl at 25° (Van't Hoff and Meyer-
hoffer, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 315 1

Solubility of NaCl in H2O at t°
Most careful experiments

(Cohen, Inouye and Euwen, Z phys Ch
1910, 76 257 )

Sp gr of NaCl+Aq containing 15% NaCl is 1 109 at
15° (Francoour) 1 116 at 15° (Soubeiran) 1 1107 at 15°
(Couher) 1 111 at 15° (Baudin C R 68 932)

Sp gr of NaCl +Aq saturated at 15° is 1 20715
(Michel and Krafft) at 17 5° is 1 2046 (Karsten) at 8°
is 1 205 (Anthon)

Sp gr of NaCl+Aq

t°

g NaCl g NaCl
per 100 Sp gr t per 100 Sp gr

cr H 0 g H20

% NaCl

Sp gr

% Nad

Sp gr

% NaCl

Sp gr

5

10

1 037
1 074

15

20

1 112
1 154

25

26 43

1 192
1 204

'090 61 70 37 28 1 1823
'020 75 65 37 82 1 1764
956 90 50 38 53 1 1701
* 1891 107 39 65 1 1631

(Dahlmann J B 7 321 )

Sp gr of NaCl+Aq at 20°

(Berkeley, Phil Trans Roy Soc 1904, 203
A 189)

Sat NaClH-Aq at 25° contains 265%
NaCl (Foote, Am Ch J 1906, 35 239 )
100 g H20 dissolve 35 80 g NaCl at 25°
(Cameron, Bell and Robinson, J phys Ch
1907, 11 396 )
100 g NaCl+Aq sat at 15° contains
263 g NaCl, at 30°, 2647 g (Schreme-
makers, Arch nee*r Sc 1910, (2) 15 81 )
5456 g mol are contained mil NaCl-h
Aq sat at 25° (Herz, Z anorg 1911, 73
274)
5 40 g mol are contained in 1 1 NaCl+Aq
sat at 30° (Masson, Chem Soc 1911, 99
1136)
2647 g NaCl are contained in 100 g
NaCl+Aq sat at 30° (Cocheret, Dissert
1911)
35 79 g NaCl are sol in 100 g H20 at
room temp (Frankforter, J Am Chem
Soc 1914. 36 1106 )
100 mol H2O dissolve at
19 3° 29 7° 40 1° 54 5°
11 04 11 06 11 15 11 35 mol NaCl

(Sudhaus, Miner Jahrb Beil Bd 1914, 37
18)

% NaCl

Sp

gr

% NaCl

Sp gr

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

1 0066
1 0133
1 0201
1 0270
1 0340
1 0411
1 0483
1 0556
1 0630
1 0705
1 0781
1 0857
1 0934
1 1012

15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27

1 1090
1 1168
1 1247
1 1327
1 1408
1 1490
1 1572
1 1655
1 1738
1 1822
1 1906
1 1090
1 2075

(Sclnff, A 110 76 )
Sp gr of NaCl-f-Aq at 19 5°

% NaCl Sp gr

%NaCl Sp gr

6 402 1
12 265 1
17 533 1

0460
0895
1303

22 631 1 1712
26 530 1 2036

(Kremers, Pogg 95 120 )

SODIUM CHLORIDE

841

> gr of NaCl+Aq at 15°

Sp gr of NaCl+Aq at 20° 2= mols NaCl
to 100 mols F20

% NaCl

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

Sp gr

% NaCl

Spgr

X

Sp gr x

Sp gr

1 00725
1 01450
1 02174
1 02899
1 03624
1 04366
1 05108
1 05851
1 06593
1 07335
1 08097
1 08859
1 09622
1 10384

15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
26 395

1 11146
1 11938
1 12730
1 13523
1 14315
1 15107
1 15931
1 16755
1 17580
1 18404
1 19228
1 20098
1 20433

0 5
1 0
2 0

1 01145 4 0 1 08408
1 02255 5 0 1 10276
1 04393

(Nicol, Phil Mag (5) 16 122 )

Sp gr of NaCl 4- Aq at 0° S= weight of salt
in 100 g of solution of the given sp gr ,
Si=No mols of salt contained in 100
mols of the solution

8

Si

Sp gr

Gerlarh, Z anal 8 279 )
D gr of NaCl -fAq at 18°

23 0821
19 1932
14 3415
9 4120
5 1536

8 627
6 769
4 898
3 097
1 644

1 1821
1 1502
1 1111
1 0722
1 0394

(Charpy, A ch (6) 29 23 )
Sp gr ofNaCl+Aq

%NaC

Sp gr

% NaCl

Sp gr

5
10
15
20

1 0345
1 0707
1 1087
1 1477

25

26
26 4

1 1898
1 1982
1 2014

G equivalents
NaCl per liter

t°

Sp gr t°;t°

(] >hlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

Sp gr >f NaCl+Aq at 20°, containing
mols II 0 to 1 mol NaCl

0 005028
0 01005
0 02005
0 04983
0 09873
0 19388
0 28999
0 47574

18 549
18 550
18 538
18 509
18 525
18 542
18 559
18 558

1 0002119
1 0004258
1 000848
1 002101
1 004143
1 008093
1 012053
1 019627

n

Sp gr

n

Sp gr

12 5
25
50

1 15292
1 08207
1 04227

100
200

1 02069
1 00965

0 49860
4 9860

18 06

17 85

1 02054
1 18783

0 00259
0 005178
0 010318
0 12580
0 25019

14 07
14 076
14 097
14 097
14 076

1 0001108
1 0002210
1 0004401
1 005315
1 010505

VTmgmK, 1 B 1870 110)

Sp gr ( NiCl+Yq itO° NiCl=g NaGl
to 0 K IK), d°=sp gr at 0°, dr =
ma mini sp g , 1 =temp of maximum

(Kohliausch, W Ann 1894, 53 26 )
Sp gr of NaCl+Aq at 18°/1»°

G NaCl

d

(H

i

0
0 5
1
2
3
4
6

1 00000
1 003925
1 007634
1 015366
1 023530
1 030669
1 045975

1 000130
1 003988
1 007666
1 015367
1 023583
1 030890
1 046952

+ 4°
+ 3
+ 1 77
— 0 58
— 3 24
— 5 63
—11 07

g equivalents of NaCl
in 1 liter of solution

Sp gr

0 005 1
0 010 1
0 020 1
0 050 1
0 100 1

0002104
0004206
0008476
002109
004205

ftosetti, A ch (4) 17 382 )

(Tammann, Z phys Ch 1895, 16 93 )

842

SODIUM CHLORIDE

Sp gr of NaCl +Aq sat 18 0°, when p - per-
cent strength of solution, d= observed
density, and w= volume cone in grams

/•nd
per cc

p

d

w

25 37

1 1928

0 30263

21 25

1 1592

0 24637

17 35

1 1277

0 19503

13 25

1 0958

0 14518

9 34

1 0665

0 09960

4 810

1 0332

0 04969

2 991

1 0202

0 03052

2 593

1 0173

0 2638

1 746

1 0111

0 01765

(Barnes J Phys Chem 1898, 2 544 )
Sp gr of NaCl +Aq at 20 5°

Normality of
NaCl+Aq

G NaCl in
100 g of
solution

Sp gr 205°/4°

3 97
2 96
2 01
0 97

20 22
15 56
10 90
5 49

1 1489
1 1124
1 0775
1 0373

(Oppenheimer Z phys Ch 1898, 27 451 )

Sp gr of NaCl+Aq at 15°

Per cent NaCl

Sp gr

0
5
10
15
20
25
Sat at 15°

1 00000
1 03624
1 07335
1 11146
1 15107
1 19228
1 20433

(H C Hahn, J Am Chem Soc 1898, 20
622)

Sp gr of NaCl-fAq at 18°/4°

g NaCl in 100 g of
solution

Sp gr

0 19560
0 097952
0 065410
0 048977

1 0001
0 9994
0 99918
0 99905

(Jahn, Z phys Ch 1900, 33 572 )
Sp gr 20°/4° of a normal solution of NaCl

J *» chem s°°

Sp gr of sat NaCl+Aq at t°

t°

g NaCl sol m
100 g HaO

Sp gr

—10°

32 90

1 200

0

35 63

1 210

10

35 69

1 205

20

35 82

1 202

30

36 03

1 198

40

36 32

1 193

50

36 67

1 189

60

37 06

1 184

70

37 51

1 178

(Tschernaj, J Russ Pby
44 156

Chem Soc 1912,

Sp gr of dil NaCl+Aq at 20 004°
Cone «g equiv NaCl per 1 at 20 004°
Sp gr compared with H2O at 20 004° = 1

Cone

Sp gr

0 0000
0 0001
0 0002
0 0005
0 0010
0 0020
0 0040
0 0050
0 0100

1 000,000,0
1 000,004,2
1 000,008,5
1 000,021,3
1 000,042,7
1 000,085,1
1 000,169,6
1 000,211,7
1 000,423,3

(Lamb and Lee, J Air Chem Soc 1913, 35
1686)

The saturated solution boils at 109°
(JKremers )

NaCl+Aq containing 42 9 pts NaCl to 100
pts H20 boils at 1068° (Griffiths), contain-
ing 41 2 pts NaCl to 100 pts H2O boils at
1082° (Legrand), containing 4038 pts
NaCl to 100 pts H20 boils at 109 73° (Gay-
Lussac) , containing 38 7 pts NaCl to 100 pts
H20 forms a crust at 108 3°, highest point ob-
served, 108 8° (Gerlach, Z anal 26 426 )

Boiling-point of NaCl+Aq

% NaCl

B pt according to

Bischof

G Karaten

5
10
15
20
25
29 4

101 50°

103 03
104 63
106 26
107 93
107 9-108 99

101 10°

102 38
103 83
105 46
107 27

% NaCl

B pt according to

Legrand

Gerlach

5
10
15
20
25

100 80°
101 75
103 00
104 60
106 60

100 9°
101 9
103 3

105 3
107 6

SODIUM CHLOPIDE

843

B -pt of > Cl+Aq containing pts NaCl to
100 pi H20 G = according to Gerlach
(2 ar [ 26 438, L= according to Le-
grand i ch (2) 69 431)

Solubility in HCl+Aq at 10-10 5°

g per 100 cc

G per 100 cc

HC1

NaCl

HC1

NaCl

B pt

L

B pt

G

L

0 0
9 84
12 76
15 68
20 78

35 77
33 76
33 19
32 71
31 77

26 06
94 77
102 1
120 6

30 89
20 01
19 04
16 03

100 5°
101

aoi 5

102
102 5
103
103 5
104
104 5
105

4
I 6
' 6
1 4
1 9
1 2
1 4
2 5
2 5
2 5

4 4
7 7
10 8
13 4
15 9
18 3
20 7
23 1
25 5
27 7

105 5°
106
106 5
107
107 5
108
108 4
108 5
108 8

27 5
29 5
31 5
33 5
35 5
37 5

39 5

40 7

29 8
31 8
33 9
35 8
37 7
39 7
41 2

(Enklaar, Etc 1901, 20 183 )
Solubility m HCl+Aq at 30°

Composition of the solution

B -pt oJ NaCl+Aq containing g NaCl in
100 g HaC
g NaCl 76 11 0 14 9 16 1 18 8
B -pt >2 2° 103 104 2 104 8 106 1

g NaCl 23 24 0 26 0 28 7
B -pt 17 1 107 7 108 7 109 5
(Rich ond, Analyst, 1893, 18 142 )

% by wt HC1

% by wt NaCl

0
6
12
17
35

93
50
35
60

26 47
16 16
9 35
4 52
0 11

(Schrememakers, Z phys Ch 1909, 68 85 )

If NaC
is absorbs
if temp i
sorption i
C R 78

36 pts
12 6° low<
68)

33 pts
give a ten
337)

The fre
0 60° for
When mo
portional
gram of
163)

Insol i)

Solubility
mols
in 10
nnlhj

NaCl

53 5
52 2
48 5
44 0
37 95
23 5
6 1

LS dissolved m 15 pts H20, heat
if the temp is 15°, but much less
86°, at 100° there is neither ab-
r evolution of heat (Berthelofc,
'22 )

raCl mixed with 100 pts H20 at
the temp 2 5° (Rudorff, B 2

TaCl with 100 pts snow at — 1°
of— 213° (Rudorff, Pogg 122

mg-pomt of NaCl+Aq is lowered
every gram iMaCl up to 10 g
cone the froezing-point sinks pro-
o NaCl, 2H/>, 0342° for every
lat salt (Rudorff, Pogg 113

cone HCl+Aq

f NaCl in HCl+Aq at 0° NaCl -
NaCl (in milligrams) dissolved
m of liquid, HC1 = mols HC1 (in
ams) dissolved in 10 ccm of liquid

Solubility in HCl+Aq

Cone = concentration of HC1 g mol
per 1,000 g H2O

NaCl=wt NaCl dissolved in 1,000 g H20

t°

Cone

NaCl

Molecular
solubility

0

0
0 25
0 50
1 CO

357 75
341 70
324 45
291 20

6 13
5 85
5 56
4 99

25

0
0 25
0 50
1 00

360 80
344 50
329 05
298 10

6 18
5 90
5 64
5 10

(Armstrong ind Evre, Proc E Soc 1910,
(A) 84 127 )

Solubility in HCl+Aq at 30°

31 HC1

Sum of mols

Sp gr

(jr mols per 1

5 1
3 1 85
> 5 1
) 9 275
)5 15 05
) 30 75
56 35

54 5
54 05
53 6
53 275
53 00
54 95
62 45

1 2045
1 2025
1 196
1 185
1 1725
1 141
1 1159

IICI

NaCl

^P ffr
W

HCl

NaCl

Sp «r
JO

0 0
0 4575
0 969
1 786
2 412

5 400
4 932
4 386
3 589
2 412

1 2018
1 1906
1 1801
1 1633
1 1512

3 052
4 152
5 950
7 205

2 463
1 628
0 630
0 268

1 1427
1 1289
1 1188
1 1258

(I gel, Bull Soc (2) 46 654 )

(Masson, Chem Soc 1911, 99 1132 )

844

SODIUM CHLOEIDE

Solubility in HCl+Aq at

25°

Solubility u
NaCl (]
Na20 =
10 ccm

i NaOH+Aq at 0° N
™ •mulligrvwis) in 1 n CCT

aCl=mols
n solution,
igrams) in

MiUimols HC1 m

10 com

Millimols NaCl in 10 ccm

:mols Na20 (in mill
solution

6 07
10 32
15 90
21 17
32 83

54 56
48 50
44 67
37 82
32 97
23 43

NaCl

NaaO

NaaO-f
NaCl

Sp gr

54 7
49 375
47 212
42 375
39 55
24 95
19 3
9 408

0
4 8
6 725
10 406
14 78
30 5
37 875
53 25

54 7
54 175
53 937
52 781
54 33
55 45
57 175
62 66

1 207
1 221
1 225
1 236
1 249
1 295
1 314
1 362

(Herz, Z anorg 1912, 73 274 )

Moderately dil H2S04 or HNOs+Aq pre-
cipitate NaCl frofn NaCl+Aq (Karsten )
Sol m H2S04 (Walden, Z anorg 1902,
29 384)

Solubility of NaCl m NH4OH+Aq at 30°
(G in 1 1 sat solution )

(Engel, C E 112 1130 )
Solubility in NaOH+Aq at 20°

G NaOEm
1 liter

G NaCl in
1 liter

Sp gr

deg Baum.6

10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
430

308
308
306
302
297
286
277
269
261
253
244
236
229
221
213
205
197
189
181
173
165
159
152
146
139
134
129
124
118
112
107
101
96
90
85
80
76
71
66
61
56
52
48

1 200
1 210
1 215
1 225
1 230
1 235
1 240
1 245
1 250
1 250
1 252
1 252
1 260
1 265
1 270
1 275
1 275
1 280
1 285
1 290
1 295
1 295
1 300
1 303
1 305
1 310
1 315
1 320
1 325
1 330
1 333
1 335
1 340
1 345
1 350
1 355
1 360
1 365
1 370
1 375
1 380
1 385
1 390

23 5

24 0
25 5
26 4
26 9
27 4
27 9
28 4
28 8
28 8
29 0
29 0
29 7
30 2
30 6
31 1
31 1
31 5
32 0
32 4
32 8
32 8
33 3
33 5
33 7
34 2
34 6
35 0
35 4
35 8
36 0
36 2
36 6
37 0
37 4
37 8
38 2
38 6
39 0
39 4
40 0
40 2
40 6

Sp gr NHs

NaCl

Sp gr NHs

NaCl

1 1735 29 535
1 1656 40 655
1 160 47 26
1 1494 60 78

293 38
292 5

289 7
286 5

1 1406 72 07
1 1395 72 715
1 1301 81 855
1 205 97 49

283 38
283 06

277 49
270 57

(Hempel and Tedesco, Z anorg 1911, 24
2467)

Solubility of NaCl in NH4Cl+Aq at t°

G

t°

per 100

g H20

Sp gr

NHiCl

NaCl

0 0

146

1

356 3
286 4

1

185

15 0
57
118
186
198

3
9

4
8

357 6
326 4
300
271 6
266 8

1
1
1
1
1

200
191
183
176
175

30 0
255

4

360 3
249

1

166

45 0
322

1

365
233 9

(Fedotieff, Z phys Ch 1904, 49
See also under NH4C1

168)

SODIUM CHLORIDE

845

Solubility a NaOH+Aq at 20° —Continued

G NaOH i] G NaCl in
1 liter 1 liter

Sp gr

deg Baum£

440 45

1 395

41 0

450 42

1 400

41 5

460 39

1 405

41 9

470 37

1 410

42 0

480

34

1 415

42 3

490

32

1 420

42 6

500

30

1 425

43 0

510

28

1 430

43 5

520

27

1 435

43 7

530

27

1 440

44 0

540

26

1 445

44 3

550

26

1 450

44 6

560

25

1 450

44 6

570

24

1 455

45 0

580

23

1 460

45 5

590

23

1 465

45 9

600

22

1 470

46 2

610

21

1 475

46 5

620

20

1 480

46 8

630

19

1 485

47 0

640

18

1 490

47 5

(Winte r, Z Elektrochem, 1900, 7 360 )
S ability in Na20-f Aq at 30°

Composii n of the solution

% by w
Na'O

0

4 4<
12 2
24 4*
29 3
37 8'
41 4
42

% by wt
NaCl

26 47

21 49

13 62

4 36

2 40

1 12

0 97

0

Solid phase

NaCl

NaCl+NaOH, H20
NaOH, H20

(Schrem nakers, Z phvs Ch 1909, 68 85

The ] cb(no( of other salts increases the

soluhht of N iCl m HjO

Sol sat NJI4Cl+Aq with pptn of

NH4C1 When the n action ib complete,

the solu on his sj) gr 1 1788, md contain1

32 62% u\( (1 s iltb, or 100 pts H/) dissolve

4842 p mixed silts, vi/ , 2b to pts N iCl

and 22 (> pts NH4C1 (Kaistcn) (See

under Is f 4( 1 )

Sol i sit BiGl2+Aq with pptn ofBiGl2

until a it( oi equilibrium is re iched, wrur

100 pts I () it 17° dissolve 38 b pts of mixed

salts, of /huh 4 1 pts di( HaCl2 (Ka,ist<n)

(See un r H iC!2 )

Insol in &at CaCl^-f-Aq (Vauquclin,

\nn dc IJhim 13 95)

Mucl more sol in hot than in cold HjO

contain, g MgCl2 or CaCl2, but NaCl is pptd

from s NaCl-j-Aq when that solution is

mixed v h MgCl2 or CaCl2 + Aq (Fuchs and

G Reic enbach, 1826 ) (See under MgCl2 '

Less sol in cone CaCl2+Aq than in HoO
Hermann )

Solubility of NaCl-f CaCla in H20 at 25°
G per 100 g H2O

NaCl

0

1 846
1 637
1 799
7 77
10 70
18 85
32 48
35 80

CaCla

84

78 49
58 48
53 47
36 80
30 08
19 53

3 92

0

Sp gr

25°/25°

4441
3651
3463
2831
2653
2367
2080
2030

Solid pha

CaCl2, 6H20
" +NaCl
ISTaCl

Cameron, Bell and Robinson, J phys Chem
1907, 11 396 )

Solubility of NaCl in NaHC03 sat with
CO2 at t°

0

it

15

ti

30

it

45

G per 1000 g HaO

NaHCO3

6 0

7 7
0 0

10 0
0 0

13 9
0 0
0 23

NaCl

356 3
350 1

357 6
354 6

360 3

358 1
356 0

361 5

(Fedotieff, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 170 )

Sol m sat KClO3-|-Aq, the solution can
then dissolve more KC1O3 (Marguentte.
C R 38 305)

In solution containing Na, K, Cl and NOs
ions, the solubility — relations between the
four salts NaCl, KC1, NaNO3 and IvNO3
have been studied (Uyedi, Z anoig 1911,
71 2)

Sol m sat NPI4NOa+Aq, without causing
pptn (K irhten )

Sol m sat NEUNOa+Aq, fiom which solu-
tion it is not pptd by silts which would c luse
its pptn m aqueous solution (Miiguuitte,
C K 38 307)

Sol in sat Ba(NOj)2H-Aq without eiusmg
pptn

Insol mCa(NOOj+Aq

Sol m Mg(NO3)2+Aq with pptn of small
poition of Mg(N()3)

Sol m sat KNOj+Aq, the mixed solution
h ivmjr the powei to dissolve* moic KN03, and
th( solubility of the JKNO3 appai ently m-
ercasmg in the same ratio as th( amount of
NaCl present (Fourcroy and Vauquelm,
Ann de Chim 11 130 )

Sol m sat KNO3-f Aq, the solution thus

SODIUM CHLORIDE

obtained at IB 13° contains 40 34% of the
mixed salts, or 100 pts H20 dissolve 67 72
pts of the mixed salts, viz , 38 25 pts NaCl
and 29 45 pts KN08 (Karsten )

Solubility of NaCl in KN03+Aq at 25°
KNO8=g KNO8 in 100 cc of solution
NaCl=g mol per 1

Solubility in KCl+Aq at t°

t°

Sat solution, contains

% NaCl

%KC1

-20
-10
0
+10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180

21 3
21 3
21 3
21 3
21 3
21 3
21 3
21 3
21 3
21 3
20 7
19 9
18 8
17 2
16 5
16 4
16 4
16 4
16 4
16 4
16 4

5 7
6 7
7 7
8 6
9 6
10 6
11 5
12 5
13 5
14 4
15 8
17 8
19 8
22 4
24 1
25 1
26 1
27 1
28 0
29 0
30 0

KNO3

NaCl

KNOj

NaCl

0

4
8

5 44
5 52
5 45

12
16
20

5 28
5 21
5 15

(Ritzel, Z Krist 1911, 49 152 )
(See also under KN08 )

Solubility of NaCl in NaN03+Aq at 15 5°

Sp gr

g per 100 cc sat solution

NaNOs

NaCl

HaO

1 2025
1 2305
1 2580
1 2810
1 3090
1 3345
1 3465
1 3465

0
7 53
13 24
21 58
28 18
33 80
37 88*
37 64*

31 78
27 89
26 31
23 98
22 30
20 40
19 40*
19 67*

88 47
87 63
86 25
82 66
80 42
79 25
77 37
77 34

(Etard A ch 1&94, (7) 3 277 )
(See under KC1 )

100 pts NaCl+Nal+Aq sat at 18-19°

*Solutions sat with both salts
(Bodlander, Z phys Ch 1891, 1 361 )

Sol in sat NaNOs+4.q with pptn of
NaNOs

Solubility of NaCl in NaNOs +Aq
Cone ^concentration of NaNOs in g mol
per 1,000 g H20

NaCl = g NaCl dissolved in 1,000 g H20

t°

Cone

NaCl

Molecular
solubility

0

0
0 25
0 50
1

359 65
355 90
351 20
342 15

6 16
6 09
6 02
5 86

25

0
0 25
0 50
1
2

362 95
356 65
352 30
343 65
325 50

6 20
6 11
6 03
5 88
5 58

(Armstrong and Eyre, Proc R Soc 1910, A
84 127)
(See also under NaNOs )

Sol in sat KCl+Aq with elevation of
temp (Vauquelm )
100 g H2O sat with KC1 dissolve 0494
gram-equivalent NaCl at 25° (Fuler.
Z phys Ch 1904, 49 315)

contain 6233 pts of the two salts (v
Hauer )

Sol in sat Al2(S04)3+Aq with no pptn
(Vauquelm )

Sol in sat (NH4)2S04+Aq with pptn of
considerable amt of (NH4)2S04+Aq (Vau-
quelm )

Sol in sat CuS04-fAq

100 pts H20 dissolve 36 71 pts NaCl and
7 19 pts K2S04 at 15°, and solution has sp
gr 1 24 (Page and Keightey )

NaCl is sol in K2SO4+Aq, and vice versa,
without separation of a salt

100 pts H20 dissolve 7 03 pts K SO4 and
37 60 pts NaCl, when warmed and cool(d
to 14° (Rudorff)

Solubility of NaCl and K2SO4 in H/) at t°
100 pts H20 contain pts NaCl, K2SO4,
and IvCl

t

Pts NaCl

Pts K--SO4

Pts KC1

10

33 43

8 10

3 18

20

34 01

8 90

* 06

30

34 56

9 56

2 95

40

35 16

10 38

2 81

50

35 77

11 07

2 84

60

36 40

11 93

2 72

70

36 64

12 82

3 20

80

36 04

12 26

5 06

90

35 86

12 42

6 98

100

35 63

12 56

8 79

(Precht and Wittgen, B 16 1666)

SODIUM CHLORIDE

847

Sol in .Id sat NaS04+Aq at first without
ptn , a erwards Na2S04 separates out

Solubility in Na2S04+Aq containing 745 g
Nf 30 4 in 100 g of the solution

Solubility of NaCl in alcohol increases with
the temperature

100 pts (by weight) of alcohol of 0 9282
sp gr (50 5% by weight) dissolve at

4° 10° 13° 23° 32°
10 9 111 11 43 119 12 3 pts NaCl,

t°

g NaCl in 100 g of
the solution

33° 44° 51° 60°
125 131 138 141 pts NaCl

(Gerardin, A ch (4) 5 146 )
Solubility in alcohol at 13°

80
90
85
> 60

7 75
> 18
t 28

23 30
23 33
23 45
23 485
23 525
23 55
23 68

Sp gr

100 com contain in g

(Mane
See al

Sol ii

Insol
Ch 190
Mode
Am Ch
12 2 i
125-13
100 g
at 17 5C
782)
100 g
197°
Solub

ad Marquis, C R 1903, 136 684 )
under Na2S04

sat ZnS04+Aq with separation of
foS04 (Karsten )
n liquid C02 (Biichner. Z phys
54 674)
btely sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin,
J 1898, 20 829 )
3 NaCl are sol in 1 pt hydrazine at
(de Bruyn, Etc 1899, 18 297 )
lydroxylamine dissolve 14 7 g NaCl
(de Bruyn, Z phys Ch 1892, 10

95% formic acid dissolve 5 8 g at
^schan, Ch Ztg 1913, 37 1117 )

ity in alcohol

Alcohol

Water

Sa

1
1
1

1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0

2030
1348
1144
0970
0698
0295
9880
9445
9075
8700
8400

0
11 81
15 99
19 39
24 95
32 33
40 33
49 28
57 91
63 86
72 26

88 70
78 41
74 64
71 45
65 80
57 96
49 34
38 54
29 37
21 62
11 24

31
23
20
18
16
12
9
5
3
1
0

(Bodlander, Z phvs Ch 7 317 )

100 pts dcohol of 0 900 sp gr dissolve <5 8 pts NaCl
of 0 872 E gr dissolve 3 67 pts NaCl of 0 834 sp gr
dissolve ( pt NaCl (Kirwan )

Solubility in ethyl alcohol +Aq at 30°

alcohol containing given % by weight of
NaCl at 25

100 pi

ab lute alcohol dissolve pts

alcohol

Pts
NaCl

alcohol

Pts
NaCl

ilcohol

Pts
NaCl

0 0
8 4
16 7
25 1

3. 70
40 4<)
24 84
19 30

33 4
41 8
r>0 2

lh 08
li 28
11 28
7 90

GO 9
75 2
83 6

5 95
3 75
1 59

(Kopp A 40 200)

100 pt alcohol of 75% by weight dissolve at

14 15 2 3b 71 5°

06( 0700 075(> 1033 pts NaCl

100 pi alcohol of 9o 5% b^ weight dissolve at

15° 77 2°
0 174 0 171 pts NuCl
(Wagner A 64 293 )

100 ts alcohol containing % alcohol by

weight lissolve pts NaCl at 15°, or 100 pts

solutio contain % NaCl

10 20 30 40 % alcohol,

285, 2255 1751 13 25 pts NaCl,
222 184 149 117 % NaCl,

50 60 80 % alcohol,
977 593 122 pts NaCl,
89 5b 12 %NaCl
(Schiff, A 118 365 )

g NaCl per 100 g

g NaCl per 100 g

wt %
alcohol

wt %
alcohol

solution

H 0

solution

HaO

0

26 50

36 05

50

9 34

20 60

5

24 59

34 29

60

6 36

16 96

10

22 56

32 57

70

3 36

12 75

20

19 05

29 40

80

1 56

7 95

30

15 67

26 53

90

0 43

4 30

40

12 45

23 70

(Taylor, J phys Ch 1897, 1 723 )

Solubility in ethyl alcohol +Aq at 40°

g NaCl per 100 g

t NaCl 4- 100 g

wt %

wt %

alcohol

solution

H^O

alcohol

solution

I [20

0

26 68

36 38

50

9 67

21 42

5

24 79

34 69

60

6 65

17 82

10

22 90

33 00

70

3 87

13 10

20

19 46

30 20

80

1 69

8 68

30

16 02

27 25

90

0 50

5 10

40

12 75

24 37

(Taylor, I c )

848

SODIUM CHLORIDE

Solubility of NaCl in ethyl alcohol -f Aq

28°

C2BBOH

0

3 8

7 7

16 1

25 3

35 0

%H20

73 53
71 6
69 7
64 6
58 9
52 5

NaCl

26 47
24 6
22 6
19 3
15 8
12 5

:BOH

45 35
56 2
67 4

78 8
89 6

%H20

45 35
37 5
28 9
19 7
10

9 3
6 3
3 7
1 5
0 4

(Fontein, Z phys Ch 1904, 73 212 )

Solubility of NaCl in ethyl alcohol +Aq at 25°
Cone = concentration of alcohol in g mo]

per 1,000 g H20

NaCl=g in 1,000 g H2O

Cone

0

0 25
0 50
1
3

NaCl

359 65
355 15
349 65
337 80
301 60

Molecular
solubility

6 16
6 08
5 98
5 79
5 16

(Armstrong and Eyre, Proc R Soc 1910,
(A) 84 127 )

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
1 41 pts at 18 5°, 100 pts absolute ethyl
alcohol dissolve 0085 pt at 185° (de
Bruyn, Z phys Ch 10 782 )

100 pts wood-spirit of 40% (by weight)
dissolve 13 0 pts NaCl (Schiff, A 118 365 )

100 g NaCl+CHsOH contain 0 1 g NaCl
at the critical temp (Centnerszwer, Z phys
Ch 1910, 72 437 )

Solubility of NaCl in methyl alcohol +Aq
at 25°

Cone = concentration of alcohol in g mol
per 1,000 g H2O

NaCl-g in 1,000 g H20

t

Cone

NaCl

Molecular
solubility

0°

0
0 25
0 50
1

357 75
355 20
353 10

347 45

6 13

6 08
6 05
5 95

25°

0
0 25
0 50
1
3

362 95
359 40
357 60
353 20
336 25

6 20
6 14
6 11
6 04
5 75

(Armstrong and kyre, Proc R Soc 1910.

(A) 84 127)

1 1 aces dissolve in propyl alcohol (Schlamp
Z phys Ch 1894, 14 276 )

Solubility of NaCl in propyl alcohol+Aq
at 25*

Cone = concentration of alcohol in g mol
per 1,000 g H20

NaCl-g NaCl in 1,000 g H2O

25

Cone

0

0 25
0 50

0

0 25
0 50

NaCl

357 75
351 20
345 55

362 95
355 75
350 20

Molecu lar
solubility

6 13
6 01
5 91

6 20
6 10
6 00

(Armstrong and Eyre, Proc R Soc 1910, A
84 127)

Solubility of NaCl in propyl alcohol +Aq~at
23-25°

NaCl

0 55

2 23

3 55
3 90
5 27
8 04

10 49
12 20

CsIfrO

87 7

51 57

18 ^9

14 78

12 77

9 49

7 79

6 57

11 75
46 20
77 46
81 32

81 96

82 47
81 72
81 23

14 38

15 42

16 38
18 08
20 12
22 35
24 50
24 90

5 39
5 11
4 47
3 83
3 27
2 64
2 13
2 3

fib

80 23

79 47
79 14
78 09
76 61
75 01
75 37
72 80

Frankforter and Frary, J phys Ch 1913.
17 402)

100 g sat solution of NaCl in 99 6% propy
alcohol contain 0 04 g NaCl at 25° (Frank-
orter and Frary )

Insol in fusel oil (Gooch, Am Ch J 9
53)

Solubility of NaCl m am>l ilcohol+Aq
Liquid phases conjugated it 28°

Upper layer

I out r 1 1\ 1 1

NaCl

amyl
alcohol

HjO

NaCl

im\l
uhohol

HA)

0 05

95 45

4 5

2(> to

0 22

73 42

u

94 1

5 9

10

0 4

SO 4

(i

92 9

7 1

12 7

0 X

M) 5

tl

91 6

8 4

(> 2

1 "i

92 *

0

90 2

9 8

0

2 i

97 7

(Fontein, Z phys Ch 1910,73 22() )

At room temp 1 pt by weight is so

m

75pt& methyl <d< oho] Dl 0 7WO

566 " ethyl " ])i OS] 00

3000 " propyl " D16OS1()0

(Rohland Z anorg 1S9S, 18 325 )

100 g methyl alcohol dissolve 1 31 L NaCl
25°

SODIUM CHLORIDE

849

100 g <
at 25°

100 g F
at 25°

100 g
NaCl at 2

(Turner a

lyl alcohol dissolve 0 065 g NaCl
>pyl alcohol dissolve 0 012 g NaCl
joamyl alcohol dissolve 0002 g

d Bissett, Chem Soc 1913, 103
1Q09 )

Solubility f NaCl in ethyl+amyl alcohol at
28°

TTppe layer

Lower layer

N&l

% iyl
ale ol

% ethyl
alcohol

N?C1

r? r-xl
M o' ( 1

~ ef \ 1
1 o ol

0 05
0 10
0 25
0 58
1 23
2 81
6 56

95 5
86 .
75
59
47 i
31
17

0
9 5
19 1
30 9
38 7
44 8
41 5

26 35
25 30
24 02
22 64
21 19
19 26
15 81

0 22
0 25
0 3
0 4
0 5
1 3
3 69

0
1 9
9 5
6 9
10 3
15 2
22 1

Critical solution amyl alcohol. 10%.

ethyl alc( ol, 32 5%, NaCl, 11%, H20,
46 5%

(Font* i, Z phys Ch 1910, 73 244 )

Ether
f Gmelm )

Very si
absolute a

500 mg
yielded on
Smith, An

100 pts
and 1 pt
(Mayer, A

Insol ir
Anal Ch
1014)

Solu

\-ccm
NaCl-i
solution

pts NaCl from NaCl+Aq

ol in a mixture of equal pts of
ohol and ether (Berzelius )
NfaCl treated with above mixture
0 5 mg to the liquid (Lawrence
J Sci (2) 16 57 )
>f a mixture of 1 pt 96% alcohol
*% ether dissolve 0 11 pt NaCl
98 205)

icetone (Krug and M'Elroy, J
184, Fidmann, C C 1899, II

ility in acetone +Aq at 20°

icetone in 100 ccm of the solvent
illimols NaCl in 100 ccm of the

NaCl

100 mols ethyl acetate dissolve

0

537 9

Mols HtCh

Mols NaCl

Mols H^Cl

Mols NaCl

i n

Af\A (-\

20

304 8

40 0

20 0

18 0

5 1

30

330 1

38 1

19 6

16 4

4 3

*21

lower hyer 308 5

36 0

19 2

14 1

3 8

to > 2 >hises

34 Q

18 5

13 2

2 9

87 J

upper layer 7 7

34 8

18 3

12 4

2 3

88

7 3

32 1

13 8

12 0

1 6

89

5 6

28 0

9 1

12 2

1 3

90

4 3

22 8

7 0

12 9

0 8

100

22 9

7 0

(Herz anc Knoch, Z anorg 1904, 41 318 )

(Lmebarger, Am Ch J 1894, 16 215 )

Solubility in acetone -f-Aq at 20°

% NaCl

%H20

% acetone

25 9

73 06

1 04

24 19

71 18

4 03

25 06

72 00

2 94

20 85

66 78

12 37

20 17

66 01

13 82

18 32

63 16

18 52

20 44

66 19

13 37

17 89

62<21

19 90

0 32

13 92

85 76

0 19

10 82

88 99

0 15

9 62

90 23

0 12

8 94

90 94

(Frankforter and Cohen, J Am Chem Soc
1914,36 1127)

Solubility in glycol at 14 8° =31 7%
Comnck, Belg Acad Bull 1906 275 )
Sol in glycerine (Pelouze )

(de

Solubility of NaCl in glycerine +Aq at 25°
G=g glycerine in 100 g glycerine +Aq
NaCl=milhmols NaCl in 100 cc of the

solution

G

NaCl

Sp gr

0

13 28
25 98
45 36
54 23
83 84
100

545 6
501 1
448 4
370 2
333 9
220 8
167 1

1 1960
1 2048
1 2133
1 2283
1 2381
1 2696
1 2964

(Herz and Knoch, Z anorg 1905,46 267)

Insol in benzomtrile (Naumann B
1914,47 1370)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1904, 37 3602 )

Solubility of NaCl in solutions of HgCl2 m
ethyl acetate

850

SODIUM STANNIC CHLORIDE

Solubility of NaCl m urea+Aq at 25°

Sodium stannic chloride, 2NaCl,
6H20
See Chlorostannate, sodium

Sodium thallic chloride, 3NaCl.
12H20
Very sol in H20 (Pratt, Am
1895, (3) 49 404 )

Sodium uranium chloride, 2NaCl, U(

T1C18
J Sc

3L

% urta

<l \ttCl

cc urea

% NaCl

0
5
9 6
13

31 80
30 63
29 05
28 46

18
23

28

27 65
27 24
26 56

(Riteel, Z Kryst Mm 1911, 49 15* )

Solubmt> of ^aCl in urea+4q at (?)°
g«g urea m 100 cc of solution
sol =»increase of solubility of NaCl in
g per 100 cc of the solution

g

sol

g

sol

5
10
15
20
25

ooooo

30
35
40
45
50

0 709
0 910
1 134
1 370
1 602

(Fastert,

Solubility of NaCl m fonnamide+Aq at 25°

Jahrb Mm Bed Bd 1912, 23

286)

% HCONHs

% NaCl

%HCONH

% NaCl

0
2 3
5 3

8

31 80
30 98
30 86
30 40

11
15

18 8

29 11
28 52
27 76

(Ritzel, Z Kryst Mm 1911, 49 152 )

Insol in anh}drous and m 97% pyridme
Verj si sol in 9o% pyndme+Ao SI sol
in 93^ pvridine-f \q (Kahlenberg, J Am
Chem Soc 1908,30 1107)

Insol m oil of turpentine (T S Hunt,
Ajn J Sci (2) 19 417 )

100 g H 0 dissolve 236 3 g sugar +42 3 g
XaCl at 31 25°, or 100 g sat aq solution
contain 62 17 g sugar+11 13 g NaCl
(Kohler, 2 \ er Zuckeimd, 1897, 47 447 )

Solubility of NaCl in glucose +\q at 25°
Cone = concentration of glucose +Aq in g
mol per 1,000 g H 0
fc>ol =bolubilit\ in 1,000 g H/)

1897,30 1718)
Solubility of NaF in H* +Aq at 21°

g per 1000 g H2O

g per 1000 g H 0

Cone

Sol

Molecular
solubihtj

HF

NaF

Ht

Nal

0 0
10 0

45 8
56 5

41 7
41 4
22 5
22 7

83 8
129 7
596 4

777 4

22 <
23 '

48
81

0
0 2o
0 50
1 0

361 40
364 15
364 30
369 90

6 18
6 22
6 23
6 32

m,++fl, r< T? 1QQA 1Q3 19Q9^

(\rmstrong and Evre, Proc R boc 1910,

(A) 84 127)

Mm Hahte

+2H 0 Efflorescent below 0°, si deli-
quescent at temps abo\ e 0° (Fuchs, 1826 )

The solubility m H O at —12 25° corre-
sponds to 32 9 pts of NaCl per 100 pts H2O
(Matignon, C R 1909, 148 551 )

Non volatile and not hydroscopic (Moi
san, C R 1896, 122 1089 )

Sol in H2O (Colani, A ch 1907, (8) 1
59)

Sodium uranyl chloride, Na2(UO2)Cl4
As K salt (Aloy, Bull Soc 1899, (3) 2

264)

Sodium zinc chloride, 2NaCl, ZnCl2+3H (
Deliquescent Easily sol inH20 (Scnm
ler, Mag Pharm 36 48 )

Sodium zirconium chloride, 2NaCl, ZrCl4

(Paykull )
Sodium chloroiodide, NaCl4I+2H20

Easily decomp by alcohol or ether (W<
and Wheeler, Sill Am J 143 42 )

Sodium fluoride, NaF

Very si sol in cold, and not more abm
antly m boiling H2O (Rose )

100 pts H2O dissolve 4 78 pts at 16° (B
zehus )

100 pts H2O dissolve 4 pts at 15° (Frei
A ch (3) 47 32 )

Sp gr of aqueous solutions containing
100 pts H20

1 1081 2 2162 3 3243 pts NaF
1 0110 1 0221 1 0333

Sat solution has sp gr 1 0486 (Gerls
Z anal 27 277 )

Sp gr of solution sat at 18° = 1 044, c
taming 43% NaF (Myhus and Funk,

^ r\r\>-r n/\ 1T1O ^

(Franklm
anorg 1905, 46 2 )

SI sol in cone KC2H802+Aq (Sia
eyer )

Almost msol m alcohol (Berzehus, P
1 13)

Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann
1909, 42 3790 )

SODIUM HYDROXIDE

851

Sodium hydrogen fluoride, NaHF2

Rather difficultly sol in cold, more easily
m hot H 0 (Berzehus, Pogg 1 13 )

Sodium tantalum fluoride
#e0Fluotantalate, sodium

Sodium tin (stannous) fluoride, 2NaF, 3SnF2
Sol m H20 (Wagner B 19 896 )

Sodium tin (stannic) fluoride
See Fluostannate, sodium

Sodium tantalum fluoride
See Fluotantalate, sodium

Sodium tellurium fluoride, NaF, TeF4
Decomp by H20 (Berzelius )

Sodium titanium fluonde
See Fluotitanate, sodium

Sodium tungstyl fluonde
See Fluoxytungstate, sodium

Sodium uranium fluonde, NaF, UF4 (?)
Somewhat soluble m H2O (Bolton )

Sodium uranyl fluoride

See Fluoxyuranate, sodium
Sodium vanadium sesquifLuondQ

See Fluovanadate, sodium
Sodium zinc fluonde, NaF, ZnF2

Sol m H2O (R Wagner )
Sodium zirconium fluoride, 5 NaF, 2ZrF4

See Fluozirconate, sodium
Sodium fluoride vanadium penfoxide

See Fluoxyvanadate, sodium
Sodium hydrazide, NH2> NHNa

Decomp by H2O with explosive violence
Decomp by alcohol (Schlenk. B 1915, 48
670)

Sodium hydride, NaH

Decomp by H O and by acids

Sol in fused N"a or Na am ilgam Insol in
liquid NH3 Insol m Cb , CC14, C6H6 and
terebenthene (Moissan, C R 1902, 134
73)

Na H4 Decomp violently by H2O

Sodium hydrosulphide, NaSH
Deliquescent Sol in H20 and alcohol
+3H2O Difficultly sol in H2O (Damoi-

seau, C C 1885 36 )

Sodium hydroxide, NaOH

Very deliquescent 100 pts NaOH under
a, bell jar with H20 at 16-20° absorb 552 pts
in 56 days (Mulder )

Very sol m H2O with evolution of much
beat Sol in 0 47 pt H2O (Bineau, C R
41 509 )

Solubility of NaOH in H20

t°

g per 100 g

Solid phase

Solu
tion

HjO

— 7 8

8 0

8 7

Ice

—20

16 0

19 1

—28

19 0

23 5

Ice+NaOH7HO

—24

22 2

28 5

NaOH 7HaO +NaOH 5H20

—17 7

24 5

32 5

NaOH 5H O +NaOH 4H 0

0

29 6

42 0

NaOH 4H2O

+ 5

32 2

47 5

NaOH 4H2O -f NaOH 3HH2O

10

34 0

51 5

NaOH 3^H20

15 5

38 9

63 53

f pt

5

45 5

83 5

NaOH 3HH O -f-NaOH 2H2O

12

50 7

103 0

NaOH 2HiO +NaOH H O

20

52 2

109

NaOH H O

30

54 3

119

40

56 3

129

50

59 2

145

60

63 5

174

64 3

69 0

222 3

f pt

61 8

74 2

288

NaOH H 0 +NaOH

80

75 8

313

NaOH (?)

110

78 5

365

192

83 9

521

(Pickering, Chem Soc 1893, 63 890, Mylius
and Funk, W A B 1900. 3 450 Calc by
Seidell, Solubilities, 2d Edition, p 653 )

100 g sat NaOH+Aq at 15° contain 46 36
g NaOH (de Forcrand, C R 149 1344 )

Sp gr and b pt of N;

Na2O

fep gr

B pt

^0

SP gr

B pt

4 7

1 06

100 ob

31 0

1 44

120 00

9 0

1 12

101 11

34 0

1 47

123 89

13 0

1 18

102 78

36 8

1 oO

129 41

16 0

1 23

104 44

41 2

1 06

137 78

19 0

1 29

106 bb

46 b

1 63

148 89

23 0

1 32

108 89

o3 8

1 72

204 44

26 0

1 36

112 78

63 b

1 80

31 3 06

29 0

1 40

lib 66

77 8

2 00

red heat

(Dalton )

fep

gr ot NaOH + \q at lo

/0 Na^O

SP fcr

/o Na 0

fep gr

% Na 0

^P »r

0 302

1 0040

10 879

1 1630

21 Io4

30o3

0 bOl

1 OOb

I

11 484

1 173t

21 7o8

312o

1 209

1 0163

12 088

1 1841

21 891

3143

1 813

1 024

12 692

1 194S

22 363

3108

2 418

1 0330

13 297

1 20 >S

22 %7

3273

3 022

1 041-

1

13 901

1 2178

23 572

3349

3 b26

1 0500

14 506

1 2280

24 176

3426

4 231

1 OoS

"

lo 110

1 2302

24 780

1 3oOo

4 835

1 0675

15 714

1 2453

2o 38 >

1 3->86

5 440

1 07fc

1

16 319

1 251->

2o 989

1 3668

6 044

1 0855

16 923

1 2->78

26 504

1 37 il

6 048

1 094*

3

17 528

1 2612

27 200

1 3836

7 253

1 1042

IS 132

1 2708

27 802

1 3923

7 857

1 113'

7

18 730

1 2775

28 407

1 4011

8 462

1 1233

19 341

1 2843

29 Oil

1 4101

9 066

1 133(

)

19 954

1 2912

29 616

1 4193

9 670

1 1428

20 550

1 2982

30 220

1 428o

10 275

1 1528

(Tttnnennan N J Pharm 18 2)

852

SODIUM HYDROXIDE

SP gr of NaOH+Aq

Sp gr of NaOH+Aq at 15° — Continued

% NaiO Sp gr

^ NasO

Sp gr

% 1s<a *

D Sp gr

% NaOH

Sp gr

% NaOH

Sp gr

2 07 1 02
4 02 1 04
,> b9 1 06
7 QCJ i OS

14 73
10 73
IS 71
20 66

1 16
1 18
1 20
1 22

28 16
29 9fi
31 67
32 4C

1 30
1 32
1 34
1 35

7 66
8 0
8 34

1 0868
1 0909
1 0951

24 81
25 3
25 8

1 2748
1 2800
1 2857

94? 1 10
11 10 1 12
12 81 1 14

22 58
24 47
26 33

1 24
1 26
1 28

33 OS
34 41

1 36
1 38

8 68
9 0
9 42

1 0992
1 1030
1 1077

26 31
26 83
27 31

1 2905
1 2973
1 3032

(Richtor )

9 74

1 1120

27 8

1 3091

Sp gr of NaOH-f Aq at 15°

10 0
10 5

1 1158
1 1195

28 31
28 83

1 3151
1 2311

«*

Sp gr
if % «
NaO

Sp gr
if % is
NaOH

*

bp gr
if %is

Sp gr
if % is
NaOH

10 97
11 42

11 84

1 1250
1 1294
1 1339

29 38
30 0
30 57

01 oo

1 3272
1 3339
1 3395

1
2
3

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
IS
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27

1 015
1 020
1 043
1 058
1 074
1 089
1 104
1 119
1 132
1 145
1 160
1 175
1 190
1 203
1 219
1 233
1 245
1 2o8
1 270
1 285
1 300
1 31o
1 329
1 341
1 3o5
1 369
1 381

1 012

1 023
1 035,
1 046
1 059
1 070
1 081
1 092
1 103
1 115
1 126
1 137
1 148
1 159
1 170
1 181
1 192
1 202
1 213
1 225
1 236
1 247
1 258
1 269
1 279
1 290
1 300

32
33

34
35
36
37

38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58

1 450
1 462
1 475
1 488
1 500
1 515
1 530
1 543
1 558
1 570
1 583
1 597
1 610
1 623
1 637
1 650
1 663
1 678
1 690
1 705
1 719
1 730
1 745
1 760
1 770
1 785
1 800

1 351
1 363
1 374
1 384
1 395
1 405
1 415
1 426
1 437
1 447
1 456
1 468
1 478
1 488 '
1 499
1 508
1 519
1 529
1 540
1 550
1 560
1 570
1 580
1 591
1 601
1 611
1 622

12 24
12 64
13 0
13 55
13 86
14 5
14 75
15 0
15 5
15 91
16 38
16 77
17 22
17 67
17 12
18 58
19 0
19 58
20 0
20 59
21 0
21 42
22 0
22 64
23 15
23 67
24 24

1 1383
1 1423
1 1474
1 1520
1 1566
1 1631
1 1662
1 1697
1 1755
1 1803
1 1852
1 1901
1 1950
1 2000
1 2050
1 2101
1 2148
1 2202
1 2250
1 2308
1 2361
1 2414
1 2462
1 2522
1 2576
1 2632
1 2687

ol 22
31 85
32 47
33 0
33 69
34 38
35 0
35 65
36 25
36 86
37 47
38 13
38 8
39 39
40 0
40 75
41 41
42 12
42 83
43 66
44 38
45 27
46 15
46 87
47 60
48 81
49 02

1 3458
1 3521
1 3585
1 3642
1 3714
1 3780
1 3858
1 3913
1 3981
1 4049
1 4118
1 4187
1 4267
1 4328
1 4410
1 4472
1 4545
1 4619
1 4694
1 4769
1 4845
1 4922
1 5000
1 5079
1 5158
1 5238
1 531

2S
29

1 39o
1 410

1 310
1 321

59
60

1 815
1 830

1 633
1 643

Hager,Comm 1883)

30

1 422

1 332

70

1 748

The sp gr increases or diminishes for ea

31

1 438

1 343

degree as follows

(Gerlach, Z anal 8 279, calculated from

^ u.up \ if\T onn \

% NaOH

Corr

40-50

0 00045

fep

gr of NaOH -Kq at 15°

30-39

orv_OQ

0 0004
0 0003

<~t NaOH

Sp gr

% NaOH

Sp gr

10-19

0 0002

0 bl
0 9

1 0070
1 0105

4 0
4 32

1 0435
1 0473

Eager, Comm 1883 )

1 0

1 0107

4 64

4flA

1 0511

1r\e A f\

Sp gr of NaOH+Aq at 15°

1 2

1 t>

1 0141
1 0177

yo
5 29

Uo4y
1 0588

% NaOH

Sp gr

% NaOH

Sp gr

2 0
2 3b
2 71
3 0

1 0213
1 0249
1 0286
1 0318

5 58
5 87
6 21
6 55

1 0627
1 0667
1 0706
1 0746

2 5
5
10

1 0280
1 0568
1 1131

20
25
30

1 226
1 282
1 337

3 35

1 0360

6 76

1 0787

15

1 1790

3 67

1 0397

7 31

1 0827

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 )

SODIUM HYDROXIDE

853

So ar of NaOH+Aq at 20° containing
9 mols NaOH to 100 mols H20=l 04712
(Mcol, Phil Mag (5) 16 122 )

Sp gr of NaOH+Aq at 15°

%NaO

Sp gr

% Na2O

Sp gr

5

1 069

25

1 353

10

1 139

30

1 426

15

1 210

35

1 500

20

1 281

(Eager, Idjumenta Varia, Leipsic, 1876 )
Sp gr of NaOH+Aq at 15°

J

£

Sp gr

W
^
£

Sp gr

W

3

Sp gr

0

0 999180

17

1 188707

34

1 373453

1

1 010611

18

1 199783

35

1 383815

2

1 021920

19

1 210861

36

1 394092

3

1 033109

20

1 221933

37

1 404279

4

1 044317

21

1 233062

38

1 414363

5

1 055463

22

1 244119

39

1 424353

6

1 066602

23

1 255134

40

1 434299

7

1 077733

24

1 266092

41

1 444161

8

1 088856

25

1 277063

42

1 453929

9

1 099969

26

1 287990

43

1 463623

10

1 111069

27

1 298877

44

1 473249

11

1 122165

28

1 309708

45

1 482850

12

1 133250

29

1 320496

46

1 492406

13

1 144353

30

1 331213

47

1 501927

14

1 155450

31

1 341879

48

1 511412

15

1 166538

32

1 352472

49

1 5208b8

16

1 177619

33

1 362991

50

1 530282

(Pickering, Phil Mag 1S<)4, (5) 37 373 )

Sp gi of a N solution of NiOH+\q it
18°/1-S° = 1 0418 (I oomis, W \nn 18%, 60
550)

bp gi ofN\OH+\q

%NaOH 874 3 (>7 4 S2

Sp gr 20°/20° 1 09b8 1 04K) 1 04b4

(le Blanc and Kohland, Z phys Ch 1S%,

19 272)

Sp gr of NaOH+Aq at t H O it 4° = 1
Ihe solutions (outlined i &mall unount
of N"a2C03

60

22 57

20 04
17 04
14 Ib
10 92

% Na CQ3

0 bl
0 48
0 35
0 38
0 36

1 2312

1 2026

1 1692

1 1374

1 1020

Sat NaOH+Aq boils at 2155° (Grif-
fiths)

Sat NaOH+Aq boils at 310° (Gerlach,
Z anal 26 427)

NaOH+Aq of 1 500 sp gr contains 36 8%
NaOH and boils at 130°

B -pt of NaOH+Aq containing pts NaOH
to 100 pts H20

B pt

Pts NaOH

B pt

Pts NaOH

105°

17

210°

425 5

110

30

215

475 5

115

41

220

526 3

120

51

225

583 3

125

60 1

230

645 2

130

70 1

235

714 3

135

81 1

240

800

140

93 5

245

888 8

145

106 5

250

1000

150

120 4

255

1142 8

155

134 5

260

1333 3

160

150 8

265

1534

165

168 8

270

1739 1

170

187

275

2000

175

208 3

280

2353

180

230

285

2857

185

254 5

290

3571 4

190

281 7

300

4651 1

195

312 3

305

64ol 6

200

345

310

10526 3

205

380 9

314

22222 2

(Gerlach, Z anal 26 463 )

Insol m liquid NH3 (Franklin, \m Ch
J 189S, 20 829 )

fep gi of NaCO3+NaOH+\qat 115°
H 0 at4° = l

% Nu COj

% NaOH

bp gr

3 84)

14 10

1 190

3 171

13 b*

1 182

2 204

12 51

1 Ib4

1 642

10 17

1 13b

0 2b8b

Ib 04

1 ISb

(Wegscheider and Walter, M 1905, 26 693 )

Sj gr of Ni2CO +IS i()H+\q -it t° H ()
at 4° = 1

60°

N i COj

15 38
H 79
12 10
9 965

9 47
7 69

< NaOH

10 bo
9 o2
8 29
0 80
b 70
5 22

1 2b21
1 2^)2
1 I(b2
1 lo<)4
1 1 )2l
1 1158

80

22 81
14 01

0 55

0 42

1 2207
1 1232

80°

15 2b

9 48

11 14
6 9i

1 2510
1 1417

(Wegscheider and Walter, M 1905, 26 691 )

(Wegscheider and Walter, M 1905, 26 692 )

854

SODIUM HYDROXIDE

Solubility of NaOE-I-Na8SbS4 at 30°

Solubility of NaI+2H 0 in 100 pts at t°

7 NaOH

% \ajSbS4

Solid phase

t°

Pts

Nal

t°

Pts

Nal

t°

PtB

Nal

0

27 1

NaaSbS*, 9H2O

- 17

149 4

15

173 7

45

215 6

9 9

13

«

-15

150 3

20

178 7

50

227 8

24 8

5 9

a

- 5

155 4

25

184 2

55

241 9

32 9

10 5

it

0

158 7

30

190 3

60

256 8

42 6
47 2
49 5

16 4
17 7
<) 1

" -fNaOH, H20
NaOH. H20

5
10

163 6
168 6

35

40

197 0
205 1

65

2784

543

0

(Coppet, A ch (5) 60 424 ) ~~

(Donk,Chem Weekbl 1908,5 529,629,767)

Easily sol in alcohol or wood spirit, sol in
fusel-oil Sol in an aqueous solution of
mannite (Favre, A ch (3) 11 76 )

Easd) sol in glycerine

hoi to a certain extent in ether

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1904,37 3602), benzomtrile (Naumann,
B 1914,47 1370)

+H20 100 g solution in HoO sat at 25°
contain 42 g Na20 (Schreinemakers, Arch
Ne'er Sc 1910, (2) 15 81 )

Mpt 643° (See above)

-f iVsH 0 (Cnpps, Pharm J Trans (3)
14 833)

+2H 0 See above

+31/2H20 Deliquescent Sol mH2Owith
absorption of much heat Melts at 6(
(Hermes )

Mpt 155° i See above)

-f 4, 5 and 7H 0 (See above )

The composition of the hydrates formed
b> NaOH at different dilutions is calculated
from determinations of the lowering of the
fr-pt produced by NaOH and of the con-
duet i\ it~v and sp gr of NaOH + \q (Jones,
\m Ch J 190o, 34 336 )

Sodium perhydroxide,

' \atnlh\dro\ide

Decomp bj H 0 Sol in cold alcoholic
acetic acid (Tafel, B 1894,27 2300)

Sodium iodide, Nal, and +2H20

SolubihU of ]NaI and of NaI+2H20 m
H O differ Belou 65°, NaI+2H20 usually
separate^ out and abo\e that temp Nal
separate*,

Solubilitj of Nal in 100 pts H20 at t°

t°

Pt

\al

t

Pt«
\al

t

Pts
Nal

71 3
74 1
SI 6
86 4

294 4
29o 3
296 S
29S 3

92 4
97 1
101 7
110 7

300 2
300 3
302 5
306 2

124 7
132 5
138 1

317 5
317 3
319 2

Solubility is represented by a straight line
of the formulas =264 19+0 3978t

If solubility S=pts Nal in 100 pts solu
tion, S=613+01712t from 0° to 80°, S*
75+0 0258t from 80° to 160° (fitard, C R
98 1432)

NaI+2H20 is sol m 0 55 pt H20 at 15°
(Eder, Dingl 221 89 )

100 pts Nal+Aq at 18-19° contain 62 9£
pts Nal (v Hauer, J pr 98 137 )

100 pts H2O dissolve at
0° 20° 40° 60°

158 7 178 6 208 4 256 4 pts Nal

80° 100° 120° 140°

303 312 5 322 5 333 3 pts Nal

(Kremers, Pogg 97 14 )

Transition pt for NaI+2H2O to Nal i
64 3°, and sat solution containing 74 49
Nal (Panfiloff, J Russ Phys Chem^oc
1893,26 162)

100 g H20 dissolve 1724 g Kal a
15°, and sp gr of sat solution = 1 893 i
(Greenish, Pharm J 1900, 65 190 )

100 g solution of NaI+2H2O sat at 3C
contains 65 5 g anhyd Nal (Cochere
Dissert 1910)

Sp gr of Nal-fAq at 19 5° containing

5 10 15 20 25 30 % Na
1 040 1 082 1 128 1 179 1 234 1 294

35 40 45 50 55 bO % \a
1 360 1 432 1 510 1 60 1 70 1 SI
(Gerlach, Z anal 8 285 )

Sat solution boils at 141°

Sol in liquid SO* (Waldcn, B 1899, 32
2864), POC18 (Walden, Z anoig 1900, 2
212)

Very easily h,ol m liquid NH3 (Fiankbi
Am Ch J 1898, 20 829 )

Sol in 12 0 ptb absolute alcohol, in 3t
pts ether (Eder, Dmgl 221 89 )

Sol in 3 pts 90% alcohol (Hager )

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissoh
77 7 pts Nal at 22 5°, ethyl alcohol, 43 1 pt
(de Bruyn, Z phys Ch 10 783 )

Very sol in abs methyl alcohol and is n<
pptd therefrom on the addition of a lar{
volume of abs ether, while wet ether produc
immediate separation (Loeb. J Am Cher
Soc 1905,27 1020)

SODIUM IODIDE

855

Solubility of Nal in ethyl alcohol
(g Nal m 100 g alcohol )

Solubility in methyl alcohol -fethyl alcohol
at 25°
P= % methyl alcohol in the solvent
G=g Nal in 10 ccm of the solution
S = Sp gr of the sat solution at 25°

t°

Nal

t

Nal

10
30
50
80
100
120
160
180

43 77
44 25
44 50
45 0
45 1
45 2
45 0
44 3

200
220
230
240
250
255
260
261 5*

42 3
38 5
36 2
32 7
26 2
21 0
10 8
8 6

P

G

S 25°/4°

0 00
4 37
10 40
41 02
80 69
84 77
91 25
100 00

3 515
3 768
3 971
4 598
5 744
5 892
6 110
6 322

1 0806
1 1029
1 1123
1 1742
1 2741
1 2886
1 3056
1 3250

*Critical temp of solution

(Tyrer, Chem Soc 1910, 97 626 )

100 g sat solution of Nal in ethyl alcohol
at 30° contains 30 9 g (Cocheret, Dissert,
1910)

(Herz and Kuhn, Z anorg 1908, 60 154 )

Solubility in mixtures of methyl and propyl

alcohol at 25°

P = % propyl alcohol in the solvent
G — g Nal in 10 ccm of the solution
S = Sp gr of the sat solution

Solubility in ethyl alcohol+Aq at 30°

P

G

S 25°/4°

6QOO

1OO Kf\

%NaI

% alcohol

Solid phase

11 11

044

5 845

o2oU
1 2853

65 52

0

Nal, 2H20

23 8
65 2

5 464
4 071

1 2528
1 138

64

3 40

c

91 8

2 914

1 0420

54 2

18 5

10 o

t

93 75

2 649

1 0178

54

18 o

100 00

2 411

0 9968

48 8

28 5

42 35
38 5

41 7
53 2

(
(

(Herz and Kuhn, Z anorg 1908, 60 156 )

37 91
37 49
35 65

54 7
55 37
59 24

t

Nal, 2H2O+NaI
Nal

Solubility in mixtures of propyl and ethy
alcohol at 25°

33 24
30 90

61 78
68 70

i

P = % propyl alcohol in the solvent
G = g Nal in 10 ccm of the solution

S ~ Sp gr of the sat solution

(Cotheret, Dissert 1911 )

p

G

fcs 2;> /4

0

3 515

1 0806

U room temp 1 pt by weight is sol in

8 1
17 85

3 460
3 405

1 0732
1 0720

1 2 pts methyl alcohol D15 0 7990

56 6

2 841

1 0276

1 7 " ethyl " D16 0 S100

88 6

2 613

1 0130

38 " piopyl " D15 0 8160

91 2

2 588

1 0104

95 2

2 474

1 0020

(Rohland, / anoig 1898, 18 325 )

100

2 411

0 9968

100 g methyl alcohol dissolve 9035 g
Nal at 25°

100 g ethyl alcohol dissolve 46 02 g Nal at
25°

100 g propyl alcohol dissolve 28 22 g
Nal at 25°

100 g isoamyl alcohol dissolve 16 30 g
Nal at 25°

(Turner and Bissett, Chem Soc 1913, 103
1909)

(Herz and Kuhn, Z anorg 1908, 60 159 )

Sol in normal propyl alcohol (Loeb, J
Am Chem Soc 1905, 27 1020 )

28 74 g are sol in 100 g propyl alcohol
(Schlamp, Z phys Ch 1894, 14 276 )

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B

1909, 42 3789)

Sol in ethyl acetate (Casaseca, C R 30
821)

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B

1910, 43 314 )

856

SODIUM TIN IODIDE

SI sol in benzomtrile (Naumann, B
1914,47 1369)

Solubility in organic solvents at t°
C=pts by wt of Nal in 100 ccm of the

sat solution
L=no of liters which at the saturation

temp hold in solution 1 mol Nal

Soh ent

t°

C

L

Furfurol

25

25 10

0 597

Acetonitnle

u

25
0

18 43
22 09

0 813
0 679

Propionitnle

u

25
0

6 230
9 091

2 406
1 649

Nitromethane
it

25
0

0 478
0 339

31 36
44 27

CWalden, Z phys Ch 1906,65 718)

Very sol in acetone (Walden)
•f 5HS0 Transition point of Nal-f 5H20
to NaJ+2H20 is —135°, and sat solution
contains 60.2% Nal (Panfiloff, J Russ
Phys Chem Soc 1893,26 162)

Sodium tin (stannous) iodide, Nal, SnI2

Very sol m H20 When treated with little
H 0, Nal is dissolved out, but a larger amt
of H 0 dissolves it completely (Boullay, A
ch (2) 34 375 )

Sodium zinc iodide, 2NaI, ZnI2+3H20

Deliquescent

NaZnl3+2H 0 }ery hydroscopic

(Ephraun, Z anorg 1910, 67 383 )

Sodium nitride,

Decomp bj heat (Franz Fisher, B 1910,
43 UbS)

Sodium s^&oxide, Na3O

Decomp b} H 0 (de torciand, C R
1898, 127 365 )

Sodium oxide, Na2O

\ erv deliquescent, and sol in H20 with
evolution of heat

See Sodium hydroxide *

Sodium peroxide, Na 0

Deliquescent, and veij sol in H O with
partial decomp

Solution decomp on boiling

Cnst with 2H20, and 8H2O (Fairley,
Chem Soc 1877 125)

Formb hjdrate Na20«(OH)4+4H20

Easily sol in H 0 or dil acids without
decomp CSchone, A 193 241 )

Sodium peroxide carbonate, Na2C04

Easily decomp (Woffenstein, B ions
41 285) Ui

Sodium peroxide ^carbonate, NaoCoOe

Easily decomp (Woffenstem. B ions
41 287)

Sodium tfnoxide, NaOs

Sol in H20 forming a solution of Na90
(Joanms, C R 1893, 116 1371 )

Sodium inoxide carbonate, Na2C05
(Woffenstem, B 1908, 41 296 )

Sodium tfrwmde ^carbonate, NaHC04

Two isomenc modifications (Woffw
stem, B 1908, 41 390 )

Sodium tfnoxide hydrate, NaO OH

See Sodium perhydroxide

Isomenc with Tafel's sodyl hydroxid
0 Na OH (B 27, 2297 )

Insol in alcohol

Very unstable (Woffenstem. B 190
41 290)

Sodium phosphide, NaP5

Easily decomp by H2O (Hugot, C 1
1895, 121 208 )

Sodium hydrogen phosphide, NaH2P
Decomp by H2O (Joanms, C R 189

119 558)
Na8H8P2 Decomp by acids and H2(

(Hugot, C R ,1898, 126 1721 )

Sodium selemde, Na2Se

Very deliquescent Decomp by H (
(Uelsmann, A 116 127 )

Insol in liquid NH3, bol in an free H2
to a colorless liquid (Hugot, C R 189
129 299)

Cryst with lbH2O, 9H O, ind 9/ H2(
(labre, C R 102 613)

+ 10H 0 Very sol m H O, vuy unstab
m the air (Clcvu, / anoig 1S05, 10 14P

Sodium ^selemde, Na S( 2
(Jackson, B 7 1277 )

Sodium inselemde, Na2Sc3

Sol in H2O (Mathewson, J Am Cher
Soc 1907, 29 873 )

Sodium hexaselemde, Na2S6

Sol in H2O (Mathewson, J Am Cher
Soc 1907, 29 873 )

Sodium woTwsulphide, Na2S

Sol m H20 Much less sol in alcohol tte
in H20 Insol m ether (Roussm )

STANNIC ACID

857

+5H20 Tr pt

, 94°

The sat solution contains —

28 48% anhydrous salt at 50°

29 27 " " " 55°

29 92 " " " 60°

31 38 " " " 70°
33 95 " " " 80°
37 20 " " " 90°

Labile from 48 9-91 5°, stabile from 91 5-
96°
(Parravano and Fornami, C C 1908, 15)

+6H20 Less efflorescent than with 9H2O
Sol m HaO and alcohol

The sat solution contains —

26 7 % anhydrous salt at 50°
28 1 " " '60°

30 22 " " " 70°

32 95 " " " 80°
36 42 " " " 90°

Tr pt to Na2S+5^H2O, 91 5°
(Parravano and Fornami )

+9H2O Efflorescent Much less sol in
alcohol than H20 When dissolved in H O,
temp sinks from +22 to— 6 1° (Finger,
Pogg 128 635 )

The sat solution contains —

9 34% anhydrous Na2S at —10°

13 36 ' ' " +10°

14 36 ' " 15°

15 30 ' ' " 18°

16 2 ' ' ' 22°

17 73 ' ' ' 28°

19 09 ' ' ' 32°

20 98 ' " ' 37°
24 19 < " ' 45°

Tr pt to Na2S+5^H2O, 489°
(Parravano and I< ornaini )

Sodium (fasulphide, Na fe
Sol in H O and alcohol
+5H20 Not cffloicbcent

Sodium insulphide, Na S3

Sol m H O with decomp

Cryst with •>!! O iiom in alcoholic bolu
tion (Bottger, \ 223 355 )

Sodium tefrasulphide, Na S4+6H20
Very deliquescent, and sol m H2O Diffi'

cultly sol m absolute alcohol Insol m ethei

(Schone )

-f-8H2O Efflorescent (Bottger )

Sodium pentasulpbide, N

Sol in H2O (Schone )

Sol in alcohol

+ 8H2O (Bottger )

Solution is easily decomp by warming
(Jones, Chem Soc 37 461 )

lodium tellurium sulphide
See Sulphotellurate, sodium

Sodium stannic sulphide
See Sulphostannate, sodium

Sodium yttrium sulphide, Na2S,

Decomp by dil acids, even by HC2H3O2+
Aq (Dubom, C R 107 243 )

Sodium zinc sulphide, Na2S, 3ZnS

Not so stable as the corresponding K salt
Schneider, J pr (2) 8 29 )

Sodium sulphoselemde, NaoSSe2-f-5H20

Hydroscopic, and decomp in the air (Mes-
singer, B 1897, 30 806 )

Sodium tellunde, Na2Te

Sol m H2O (Demarcay, Bull Soc (2)
40 99)

Sodium Zntellunde, Na Te3

Sol m H2O

Sol mhquid NH3 (Hugot, C C
II 580)

1899,

Stannic acid, H2Sn03

Insol in H20 Sol m HC1, and H2SO4+
Aq, e\en when dil (Fremy ) Easily sol m
acids, fiom which solution it may be pptd by
dilution 01 boiling \\ hile moist it is sol in
HN03-|-Aq, but gradually separates on stand-
ing, and coagulates at once \\hen heated to
50° If ]NH4NO3 be added to the solution, it
remains cleai at ord temp (Berzehus )

Easil> sol m HNO3+Aq, \\hen pieviously
tieated with NH4OH+ \q (The*naid )

Pasily sol m KOH-fA.q, but addition of
laigc excess ppts K SnO , msol in KOH-f

Eabil> sol in \ lOH + -Vq, and not pptd by
an excobto of thit zeigent (Bufoed, J B
1867 267 )

SI sol m\H4OH+\qoi (MI4) C03+Aq

Complete ly sol m K CO3-h\q, but not m
Na2C08+ Vq

Insol in ilkali h>diogpn caiboiiates 01

feol m alkali sulphideb+\q (Berzehus)
Sol in tri(th}ltolueml ammonium hy-
diatc+ \q

Not pptd by NH4OH-h Vq in piesence of
Na citiate+A.q

SnO2 2HO (Mebei, Pogg 122 358)
" a Orthostannic acid" Easily sol in
HCl+Aq (Neumann, M 12 515 )

HjoSn6Oi5(0 TT ^

Metastannic acid Insol in H O, HNO3,
or H2SO4+Aq Insol in HCl+Ao, but
converted thereby into metastannic chloride,
which dissolves after excess of HC1 has been
removed (Fresemus ) Insol in HCl+Aq of
sp gr 1 1 (Barfoed ) Sol in large amount

858

STANNIC ACID

of cone HCl+4.q (Allen, Chem Soc (2) 10
274)

In contact \\ith HCl-f 4q, metastanmc
acid is converted into stannic acid (Bar-
foed)

Insol in HXOs-f-Vq even after treatment
with NEUOH+Aq
Insol in NH4OH-f Aq
Sol in KOH or NaOH+Aq vuth formation
of metastannates, which are insol in dil
NaOH+Aq, but sol in H 0 or JKOH+Aq,
therefore KOH+Aq dissolves metastanmc
acid, while NaOH+Aq does not, but if the
clear solution in KOH+Aq is treated with a
large excess of that reagent, a further pptn
occurs (Barfoed, J pr 101 368 )

Insol m K2COs+Aq (Rose), alkali car-
bonates + A.q (Fremy )

Insol in NH4Cl+Aq even after long boil-
ing

Sol in Fe(N08)3+Aq contaimng HN03

(Lepez and Storch, W A B 98, 2b 270 )

Also in Cr(N08)8+Aq, but not m Ce(N08)3,

A1(N08)3, Co(N03)2+Aq, etc (L and S )

4. colloidal metastanmc acid sol in H20 can

be obtained (Lep&z and Storch )

According to Weber (Pogg 122 358),
stannic and metastanmc acids are only differ-
ent hydrates of same oxide, and it is not a
case of allotropic modification

Cottoidal H Sn03 m colloidal state can be
obtained in aqueous solution containing
5 164 g SnO in a litre This solution is
coagulated by HN08+Aq only when in
great excess, easily by dil H S04+Aq,
but not by cone HCl+Aq NH4OH + \q m
large excess causes coagulation, also NH4C1,
XaOH, \TaCl, Na S04, etc (Schneider, 2
anorg 5 83 )

Calcium stannate, CaSnO8+4H20

Ppt (Moberg )

+5H2O Insol in H20 Sol m aciria
(Ditte, C R 96 701 ) acids

2CaO, SnO2 (Zulkowski, Chem T^
1901, 24 422 ) ***

Cobaltous stannate, CoSnO8-f-6H20
Insol in H20 Sol in acids (Ditte )

Cupnc stannate, CuSn03+3H2O
(Moberg )
+4H20 Insol inH20 (Ditte)

Cuprous stannous

Sn02-f5H2O
Slowly decomp by dil acids, and NH4OE4-
Aq, completely decomp by cone
(Lenssen, J pr 79 90 )

Gold (aurous) stannate
See Gold purple

stannate, Cu20, 3SnO,

Lead stannate, RbSn(OH)6

Ppt (Bellucci, Chem Soc
(2) 40 )

1905,

Parastanmc acid, H Sn5On-h3H20
(Engel, C R 1897, 125 711 )

Stannates

Stannates of alkali metals are sol in H20,
others are insol -U1 metastannates, except
mg \a, K, and NH4 salts, are insol in H20
(wFrem\ , \ ch (3) 12 474 )

Ammonium stannate, (NH4)20, 2SnO2
Sol m H 0 Insol m dil NH4OH+Aq

( Berzehus )

+xK 0 (Moberg, 1838)

Ammonium cupnc stannate, (N"H4)20
CuSnO +2H 0 '

Inbol m H 0 Sol m acids (Ditte, C R
96 701 )

Barmm stannate, BaSnOs+6H 0
Ppt Sol in HCl-fAq (Moberg )
Bai?n04-hlOHO Insol in H20 Sol m

acids ( Ditte, C R 95 641)

Lithium stannate Aomtungstate, 2Li20 SnfL
6W03 = Li2Sn03, Li2W6019 ' 2'

Insol
49 )

in H2O (Knorre, J pr (2) 27

Magnesium stannate
Ppt (Moberg )

Manganous stannate
Ppt (Moberg )

Mercurous stannate, Hg2SnO3+5H20
Ppt

Mercuric stannate, HgSnO3-f-bH2O
Ppt (Moberg, J pr 28 231 )

Nickel stannate, Nibn08 + r>H ()

Insol mH O Sol m acids (Ditte, C R
96 701)

Platmous sodium stannous stannate, 2PtO

Na20, SnO, SnO2(?)
(Schneider, Pogg 136 105 )

Platmous stannous stannate, PtO, 2SnO,
Sn02

Decomp by cone alkalies (Schneider,)
Pogg 136 105 )

Potassium stannate, K2SnO3-f3H20

100 pts H20 dissolve 1066 pts at 10°.
solution has sp gr =1 618, 100 pts dissolve
110 5 pts at 20°, solution has sp gr =1 627
( (Ordway, Sill Am J (2) 40 173 )

STRONTIUM AMIDE

859

Completely sol in
(Fremy, A ch (3)

Deliquescent

Very si sol in cone KOH+Aq

Insol in KCl+Aq (Fremy )

Insol in alcohol

Pptd from aqueous solution by the ad-
dition of any soluble salt, especially those
of K, Na, and NH4 (Fremy), by NH^Cl, but
not by KC1 or NaCl (Ordway)

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904,
37 329 )
Potassium wefostannate, K2O, 10Sn02

K,0, 7Sn02+3H20 Sol in H20 Solu-
tion gelatinises on heating (Rose )

K20, 6Sn02+5H20 Sol in H20, but loses
its solubihty by drying (Fremy, A ch (3)

K20, 5SnO2+4H2O
H20 Insol in alcohol
23 396)

K20, 3SnO2+3H2O
(Fremy)

Silver stannate, Ag2SnO3

Insol in H2O Unacted upon by NH40H
or HCl-hAq (Ditte )

Silver (argentous) stannous stannate (?),
Ag40, SnO, 3Sn02+3H20 (?)

Cold dil HNO3+Aq slowly dissolves all
Ag, hot HNOs+Aq rapidly

Easily sol in boiling cone H2S04 (Schulze,
J B 1867 257)

Sodium stannate, Na2SnO3+3H2O
More easily sol in cold than in hot H2O

(Fremy )
Sol in 2 pts H2O at 20° and 100 ° (Mar-

ignac )
100 pts H2O dissolve 67 4 pts at 0°, 61 3

pts at 20°, and solutions have sp gr = 1 472

and 1 438 at 15 5° (Ordway, Sill Am J

(2) 40 173 )
Pptd from Na2Sn03+Aq by salts of K, Na,

and NH4
Insol in acetone (N uimann, B 1904, 37

4329)

+4H2O (Prandtl, B 1907, 40 2129 )
+8H2O (HaefTcly, J B 1857 (>50 )
+9H.O (Jontb, C C 1865 007)
+ 10H O V(ry (ftloitsccnt (Schturei-

Kestnei, Bull Soc (2) 8 389)

Sodium metastannate, Na O, 9Sn02 +
8H2O

Sol in H2O Insol in NaOH+Aq or
alcohol (Barfoed, J B 1867 267 )

Na20, 5SnO2 Very difficultly sol in H20
(Fremy, A ch (3) 23 399 )

Insol m KOH+Aq

+8H2O (Haeffely, Chtm Gaz 1855 59

Sodium stannate vanadate,

Na2SnO3, 3Na3VO4+32H2O

Na2Sn03, 4Na3V04+48H20

Na2SnO3 5Na3VO4+64H20

Na2SnO3, 6Na3VO4+80H2O
B 1907, 40 2128)

(Prandtl

Strontium stannate, SSrO, 2SnO2+10H2O
Ppt Insol in H2O Sol in acids (Ditte,
R 95 641)
SrSn(OH)6 (BeUuci, Chem Soc 1905,

88 (2) 40 )

Tin (stannous) stannate, SnO, 6Sn02+5H2O
Insol in H20 Decomp by HN03+Aq

into metastanmc acid (Schiff, A 120 53)
Sol m HCl+Aq, and in KOH+Aq

Tin (stannous) Twetastannate, SnO, 7Sn02

SnO. 6Sn02+9H20 Sol in KOH+Aq or
n HCl+Aq (Fremy )
+4H20 (Scmff )

Zinc stannate, ZnSn03+2H2O

Ppt (Moberg, 1838 )

3ZnO, 2Sn02+10H2O Insol in H20 Sol
m acids (Ditte )

Pirstarmtc acid, H2Sn207
See Perstanmc acid

Stannophosphomolybdic acid

Ammonium stannophosphomolybdate,

3(NH4)2O, 4SnO2, 3P206, 16Mo03+
28H20
Quite msol even m boiling H2O (Gibbs,

Am Ch J 7 392)

Stannophosphotungstic acid

Ammonium stannopliosphotungstate,

2(NH4)20, 2SnO2, P205, 22WO3+15H2O
Precipitate SI sol in boiling H20
(Gibbs, Am Ch J 7 319 )

Stannosulphunc acid
See Sulphate, stannic

Stibme
See Hydrogen antunomde

Strontium, Sr

Decomp by H2O with violence Dil
H2SO4, and HC1+ 4q dccomp and dissolve,
cold H2SO4 attacks slowly Fuming HN03
has scarcely any action even when boiling
(Franz, J pr 107 253 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 829 )

Sol in excess of liquid NHS at — 60° form-
ing Sr(NH3)6 (Roederer, C R 1905, 140
1252)

Strontium amalgam,

Stable below 30° Above 30° the com-
position of the amalgam vanes Can be
cryst from Hg at any temp below 30°
(Kerp, Z anorg 1900, 25 68 )

Strontium amide, Sr(NH2)2
(Roederer, Bull Soc 1906, (3) 35 715 )

860

STRONTIUM AUSENIDE

(Lebeau, C R 1899,

Strontnim arsenide,
Decomp by H20
129 47)

Strontium azomude,

Hydroscopic

45 83 pts are sol in 100 pts H20 at 16°

0095 " " " " 100 " aba alcohol at
16°

Insol in pure ether (Curtms, J pr 1898,
(2) 68 287 )

Strontium bonde, SrB6

Sol in fused oxidizing agents, not decomp
by HtO, insol in aq acids, si sol in cone
H^O, sol in dil and cone HN08 (Moissan,
C R 1897,125 633)
Strontium bromide, SrBr2, and +6H20

100 pts H$0 dissolve at
0° 20° 38° 59° 83° 110°
877 99 112 133 182 250 pts SrBr2

(JKJ-emers, Pogg 103 65 )
Sat SrBr2+Aq contains at
—11° —1° +7° 18°
431 4685 482 51 7% SrBr2,

20° 93° 97° 107°

518 685 687 69 8% SrBr2

(£tard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 540 )
Sp gr of SrBr2+19 5° containing
5 10 15 20 25 % SrBra,

1046 1094 1146 1204 1266

30 35 40 45 50 % SrBr2
1332 141 1492 159 1694
(Kremers, Pogg 99 444, calculated by
Gerlach, Z anal 8 285 )

Somewhat sol m absolute alcohol (Lowig )

Solubility of anhydrous SrBr in alcohol
is practically constant between 0° and 40°,
100 ccm of abs alcohol dissolving about 64 5
g of the anhydrous salt and forming a solu-
tion ha\ mg a sp gr = 1 210 at 0° (Fonzes-
Diacon, Chem Soc 1895, 68 (2) 223 )

Much more sol than BaBr2 m boiling amyl
alcohol

Insol m benzomtnle (Naumann, B 1914,
47 1370)

Difficulth sol in methyl acetate (Nau-
mann, B 1909, 42 3790 )

Strontium stannic bromide

See Bromostannate, strontium
Strontium bromide ammonia, 2SrBr2, NH3

Sol inH20 (Rammelsberg, Pogg 55 238
Strontium bromide hydrazine, SrBr2, 3K2H4

Very sol m H 0 (Franzen, Z anorg
1908, 60 290 )

Strontium bromofluonde, SrF2, SrBr*

Decomp by H20 (Defacqz, A ch 1904,
(8) 1 356 )

Strontium carbide, SrC2

Easily decomp by H20 and dil acids
(Moissan, Bull Soc 1894, (3) 11 1008)

Strontium carbonyl, Sr(CO)2
(Roederer, Bull Soc 1906, (3) 35 725 )

Strontium chloride, SrCl2, and +6H20
Deliquescent in moist air

Sol in 1 5 pts H20 at 15° and 0 8 pt at boil™*
(Dumas) in 1 996 pta H O at 15° (Gerlach) 8

1 pt anhydrous SrCh is sol in 2 27 pts H20 at 0°
2 1 pts at 40° in 1 18 pts at 60°

i ^ J ' •> Pt at 100° (Kremers p2»

103 66) **

100 pts H20 dissolve 106 2 pts SrCL-J-
6H20 at 0°, and 205 8 pts at 40° (Tilden
Chem Soc 45 409 )

Solubility in 100 pts H2O at t°

Pts

to

Pts

Pts

t°

SrCls

SrCl2

t°

SrCla

0

44 2

41

67 4

81

92 7

1

44 5

42

68 2

82

93 1

2

44 8

43

68 9

83

934

3

45 2

44

69 7

84

93 7

4

45 6

45

70 4

85

94 1

5

46 0

46

71 2

86

94 5

6

46 5

47

72 0

87

94 9

7

46 9

48

72 8

88

95 4

8

47 4

49

73 6

89

95 8

9

47 8

50

74 4

90

962

10

48 3

51

75 3

91

96 7

11

48 8

52

76 1

92

97 2

12

49 4

53

77 0

93

97 9

13

49 9

54

77 9

94

98 2

14

50 4

55

78 7

95

98 8

15

51 0

56

79 6

96

99 4

16

51 5

57

80 4

97

100 0

17

52 1

58

81 3

98

101 6

18

52 7

59

82 2

99

101 3

19

53 3

60

83 1

100

101 9

20

53 9

bl

84 0

101

102 6

21

54 5

62

84 9

102

103 3

22

55 1

b3

85 8

10 *

104 0

23

55 7

64

86 (>

104

104 7

24

56 3

b5

87 r)

105

105 4

25

5b 9

b6

88 4

106

106 1

26

57 5

66 5

88 8

107

106 9

27

58 1

67

88 9

108

107 6

28

58 7

68

89 1

109

108 4

29

59 3

69

89 3

110

109 1

30

60 0

70

89 6

m

109 9

31

60 6

71

89 8

112

130 7

32

61 3

72

90 1

113

111 4

33

bl 9

73

90 3

114

112 2

34

62 5

74

90 6

115

113 0

35

63 2

75

90 9

116

113 8

36

63 9

76

91 2

117

114 6

37

64 6

77

91 5

118

115 5

38

65 3

78

91 8

118 8

116 4

39

66 0

79

92 1

40

66 7

80

92 4

(Mulder, Scheik Verhandel 1864 118 )

STRONTIUM CHLORIDE

861

100 pts H20 dissolve 52 4pts SrCl2 at 18°
(Gerardin )

Sat SrCl + A.q contains % SrCl at t°

Sp gr of SrCl2+Aq at 18°

%SrCl

Sp gr

% SrCl

Sp gr

5
10

15

1 0443
1 0932
1 1456

20
22

1 2023
1 2259

t°

%SrCl

t°

% StCli

-17
-11
- 5
- 1
+ 2

18
21 5
35
44 5
54
55
59
64
70

26 5
28 6
29 3
30 8
31 3
31 7
33 7
34 7
37 8
39 8
42 8
43 8
47 7
46 4
46 1

75
80
92
98
KM
105
118
132
144
153
175
215
222
250

46 5
47 1
47 5
49 6
50 7
50 7
52 0
52 5
54 7
55 7
60 5
64 1 -
65 4
67 3

(Kohlrausch, ^ Ann 1879 1 )

Sp gr of SrCls+Aq at 0° S=pts SrCl2 m
100 pts solution

s

Sp gr

S

Sp gr

31 8193
27 7170
23 2300

1 3609
1 3086
1 2515

18 2629
12 9997
6 7243

1 1915
1 1284
1 0637

(Charp>3 A. ch (6)29 24)

Sat SrCl2-i-Aq boils at 114° (Kremers),
118 8° (Mulder), 117 45°, and contains 117 5
pts SrCl2 to 100 pts H20 (Legrand) , forms a
crust at 115 5°, and contains 120 7 pts SrCl2 to
100 pts H20. highest temp observed. 119°
(Gerlach, Z anal 26 436 )

(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 535 )

SrCla + ^Q sat at 8° has sp gr = 1 379 (Anthon A
24 211 )

Sp gr of SrCl2+Aq

Pts SrCI2
to 100 pts H2O

Sp gr

Pts SrCl2
to 100 pts H O

Sp gr

9 81
20 12
30 o7

1 0823
1 1632
1 2401

41 04
51 69

1 3114
1 381G

(Kremers, Pogg 99 444 )
Sp gr of brC!2+Aq at 15°

% SrCla

5
10
15

Sp gi

1 0453

1 0929

1 1439
1

% SrCl

25
30
33

fep gr

1 2580
1 3220
1 3633

(Geiladi, L anil 8 283;

Sp gr of SrCl +Aq it 24 7° a=no of

molecules

in grms dissolved in 1,000 g

H20, b = bp gr when a=brC!2-fbH2O,
y2 mol SrCl2+bH20 = 133 5 g, c-sp
gr when a = brC!2, Yi mol =79 5 g

a

b

c

a

b

c

1

1 063

1 067

7

1 304

1 401

2

1 118

1 130

8

1 330

3

1 166

1 190

9

1 354

4

1 207

1 247

10

1 376

5

1 243

1 301

11

1 396

6

1 275

1 352

(Favre and Valson, C R 79 968 )

B -pt of SrCl2+A.q containing pts SrCl2 to
100 pts H20 G = according to Gerlach
(Z anal 26 442), L = according to Le-
grand (± ch (2) 59 436 )

B pt

G

I

B pt

G

L

101°

11

16 7

110°

71 4

68 9

102

20 5

25 2

111

76 5

74 1

103

28 9

o2 1

112

81 b

79 6

104

36 2

37 9

113

87

85 3

105

43 2

43 4

114

93 1

91 2

106

49 b

4S 8

115

99 5

97 5

107

55 4

o4 0

lib

lOo 9

104 0

108

60 8

59 0

117

112 3

110 9

109

06 2

03 9

117 5

Melts in its onstil H O it 112° (Tilden,
Chem Soc 45 409 )

Sp gr of SrCl +Aq at 25°

C< nc c ntr itiori of SrC 1 + A. \

1-normal

i/ _ <f

v!- "

1 0676

1 0336

1 0171

1 0084

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 40 )

SrCl2+Aq containing 324% SrCl2 has sp
gr 20°/20° = 10284

SrCl2-{-Aq containing 708% SrCl2 has sp
gr 20°/20° = 10638

(Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phys Ch 1896>
19 279)

862

STRONTIUM THALLIC CHLORIDE

Sp gr ofSrCl2+Aqat20°

g mols SrCh per I

Sp gr

0 01

1 0012284

0 02937

1 0038396

0 03987

1 0053832

0 05017

1 007028

0 07077

1 009560

0 10

1 013205

0 25

1 034433

0 50

1 068379

0 75

1 101760

1 00

1 135423

(Jones and Pearce, Am Cn J 1907, 38 697 )

Cone HCl+Aq ppts part of the SrCI2
from SrCl2 -f Aq (Hope )

Solubility of SrCl2 in HCl+Aq at 0° SrCl *
% mols SrCla (in milligrammes) dis-
solved in 10 com of liquid, HCl = mols
HC1 (in milligrammes) dissolved in
10 ccm of liquid

SrCb

HCl

Sum of mols

Sp gr

55
48 2
41 25
30 6

0
6 1
12 75
23 3

55 0
54 3
54 00
53 9

1 334
1 3045
1 2695
1 220

(Engel, Bull Soc (2) 45 655 )
Solubihtj of SrCl in HCl-f-Aq at 0°

Mg mols per 10 cc

G per 100 cc

solution

solution

Sp gr of

SrCl
^

HCl

solution

SrCb

HCl

51 6

0

1 334

40 9

0 0

44 8

6 1

1 304

35 5

2 22

37 So

12 75

1 269

30 0

4 65

27 2

23 3

1 220

21 56

8 49

22 0

2S 38

1 201

17 44

10 35

14 0

37 25

1 167

11 09

13 58

4 25

o2 75

1 133

3 37

19 23

(Engel \ eh 188S, (6) 13 376 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin. Am Ch J
1898, 20 829 )

bol in b pt«s alcohol of Oh3j s>p t,r at 1 > (Vau
quehn t

Sol in 24 pt absolute alcohol at 1 o and in 19 pts at
boiling (Butholz ) bol in 2 o pts of boiling alcohol

Anh\drous SrCl is sol in 111 6-116 4 pts
alcohol of 99 3% at 14 5°, and in 26 2 pts of
the same alcohol at boiling (Fresenius A
59 127)

100 pts alcohol of given sp gr at 0° dis-
solve pts SrCl at 18°
0990 0985 0973 0966 0 953 sp gr
4981 470 396 359 304ptsSrCl2,
0939 0909 0846 0832sp gr
26 8 19 2 49 3 2 pts SrCl2

Insol in absolute alcohol (Gerardm
ch (4) 6 156 ) ^

787)
(Browmiig,

633
38; ,

SI sol in boiling amyf alcohol
Sill Am J 144 459 )

100 g 95% formic acid dissolve 23 8 g SrCl,
at room temp (Aschan, Ch Ztg 1913, 37

Absolutely insol in acetic ether (Cann
C E 102 363) ^™»

Very si sol in acetone (Krue and
M'Elroy) *

Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899
II 1014) '

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann B
1909,42 3790)

Insol in benzomtnle (Naumann, B 1914
47 1370)

SI sol in anhydrous pyndme Sol m
97%, 95% and 93 % pyndine+Aq (Kahlen-
berg, J Am Chem Soc 1908, 30 1107 )

+2H20 Tr pt from +6H20 is 615°
(Richards and Churchill, Z phys Ch 1899,
28 313)

-f 6H20 See above

Strontium thalkc chloride, SrCl2, 2T1C18+

6H20
(Gewecke, A 1909, 366 223 )

Strontium tin (stannous) chloride, SrCk
SnCl2+4H20

Sol mH20 (Poggiale, C R 20 1183)
Strontium tin (stannic) chloride

See Chlorostannate, strontium
Strontium uranium chloride, SrCl2, UC14

Decomp by H20 (Aloy, Bull Soc 1899,
(3) 21 265 )

Strontium zinc chloride, SrZnCl4+4H20

Very sol in H2O (Ephraim, Z anoig
1910, 67 380 )

Strontium chloride ammonia, SrCl2, 8NH3
Decomp by H20 (Rose, Pogg 20 155 )

Strontium chloride hydrazine, SrCl2, 2N2H4

+H20

Hydroscopic (Franzen, Z anorg 1908,
60 289)

Strontium chloride hydroxylamme, 2SrCl2,

5NH2OH+2H2O

As Ca comp (Antonow, J Russ Phys
Chem Soc 1905, 37 482 )

Strontium hydrogen chloride hydroxylamme,

2SrCl2, 3HC1, 9NH2OH+H2O
(Antonow, J Russ Phys Chem Soc 1905,
37 482)

Strontium chlorofluonde, SrF2, SrCl2

Decomp by H2O, by very dil HCl, HN08
or acetic acid, by hot dil or cone H2S04

STRONTIUM HYDROXIDE

863

Sol in cone HC1 or HNO3 Insol in, and

Solubihty in Sr(NOs)2-{-Aq at 25°

not decomp by cold or boiling alcohol

(Defacqz, A ch 1904, (8) 1 355 )

Sp gr 25°/25°

G SrO as
Sr(OH) in

G Sr(NOs)2in
100 g HzO

Strontium* fluoride, SrF2

100 g HaO

Somewhat sol in H2O (Fr Roder )

1 481

0 0

79 27

1 1 H2O dissolves 113 5 mg SrF2 at 0 26°,

*1 506

1 76

81 06

1173 mg at 174°, 1193 mg at 274°

1 490

1 71

74 27

(Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1908, 64 168 )
Insol m HF + Aq (Berzehus )

1 450
1 419

1 55
1 51

66 88
63 71

1* Boiling HCl-fAq dissolves, si attacked by

1 403

1 47

60 37

boiling HN034-Aq, decomp by hot H2S04

1 381

1 41

56 30

(Poulenc, C R 116 987 )

1 359

1 34

52 90

1 327

1 27

46 97

Strontium stannic fluoride

1 317

1 20

44 03

See Fluostannate, strontium

1 291

1 14

40 83

Strontium titanium fluoride

1 267
1 239

1 11
1 03

37 81
32 41

See Fluotitanate, strontium

1 217

1 01

28 80

Strontium fluoiodide, SrF , SrI2

1 206

0 96

26 58

Decomp by cold H2O, more rapidly by hot
H20 Decomp by dil HC1, dil HNO3, dil
H2S04 or cone H2S04, also by alcohol and by
ether, if not absolute (Defacqz, A ch 1904,

1 178
1 148
1 126
1 108
1 079

0 95
0 91
0 87
0 84
0 81

23 83
17 96
16 21
12 78
8 96

(8) 1 358 )

1 059

0 79

6 29

Strontium hydride, SrH

1 033

0 78

4 45

Decomp by H20 or HCl+Aq (Winkler,
B 24 1976)

*Solution is sat with respect to both sub-

SrH2 Decomp by H2O (Gautier, C R
1902, 134 100 )

stances
(Parsons and Perkins, J Am Chem Soc

J910, 32 1388)

Strontium hydroselemde

Sol m H2O

Sol in methyl alcohol At room temp 1

Strontium hydrosulphide, SrS2H2
Sol m HoO, decomp by boiling

1 contains 31 5 g SrO (Neuberg and Re-
wald, Biochem Z 1908, 9 540 )
Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,

Strontium hydroxide, SrO2H2, and +8H2O

II 1014)

Deliquescent

finl m 50 nts cold and 2 4 nts hoilmtr H?O fRu

Sol in an aqueous solution of cane sugar
(Hunton, Phil Mag (3) 11 156 )

cholz) m 50 pts H/D at 15 56 (Dalton) in 51 4 pts
HOatloSO and 2 pts at ji T ^ pts H O

at 15 and 2 4 pts at 100 "I / -^ pts H O

Solubility in H2O containing 10 g sugar at t°

at 187o° (A.bl)
100 pts H O at 20 dissolve 1 49 pb, SrO (Bmeau
C R 41 509)

100 pts aqueous solution of SrChH^ contain
pts brO and pts SrO2H2-h8H2() at t°

t°

g SrO H +8H O

t g SrO2H2-fSH2O

3

15

3 10

3 79

24 4 79
40 9 70

t°

0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50

Pts
SrO

0 35
0 41
0 48
0 57
0 68
0 82
1 00
1 22
1 48
1 78
2 13

Pts
SrO Hi
H-8HK)

t°

Its
SrO

Pts
SrO;H
+8HjO

(Sidersky C C 1886 57)

-f 8H20 0 0835 mol is sol m 1 1 H2O at
25° (Rothmund, Z phys Ch 1909, 69 539 )

Solubility in organic compds +Aq at 25°

0 90
1 05
1 23
1 46
1 74
2 10
2 57
3 13
3 80
4 57
5 46

55
bO
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100

2 54
3 03
3 62
4 35
5 30
6 56
9 00
12 00
15 15
18 60

6 52

7 77
9 29
11 16
13 60
16 83
23 09
30 78
38 86
47 71

Solvent

Mol SrO H +8H20
sol m 1 litre

water
0 5-N methyl alcohol
1 ethyl alcohol
1 propyl alcohol
' tert amyl alcohol
' acetone
' ether

0 0835
0 0820
0 0744
0 0708
0 0630
0 0692
0 0645

(Scheibler, J pharm Chun 1883, (5) 8 540 )
Sol in cold NH4Cl+Aq (Rose)

864

STRONTIUM IODIDE

Solubility in organic corapds +Aq at 25° —
Continued

Soh ent

Mol SrOaH2+8H O
sol id 1 litre

0 5^

•N glycol
glycerine

0 0922
0 1094

nianwitftl

0 1996

urea

0 0820

ammonia

0 0785

, diethyl amine

0 0586

pyndine

0 0694

(Rothmund, Z phys Ch 1909, 69 539 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329)
See also Strontium oxide

Strontium iodide, SrI2, and +6, or 7H20
100 pts H20 dissolve at
0° 20° 40° 70° 100°
164 179 196 250 370 pts SrI2
(Kremers, Pogg 103 65 )

Sat aq solution contains at
_20° —10° —3° +7° 11° 18° 38°
60 0 60 3 62 2 63 0 63 4 63 5 64 8% SrI2,

52° 63° 77° 81° 97° 105° 120 175°

66 0 68 5 70 5 74 0 79 2 794 808 85 6% SrI2

(fitard, \ ch 1894, (7) 2 543 )

Sp gr of SrI2-f Aq at 19 5° containing

5 10 20 30 % SrI2,

1045 1091 1200 1330

40 50 60 65 % SrI2
1491 1695 1955 2150
(Kremers, Pogg 103 67, calculated by
Gerlach, Z anal 8 285)

Sat solution in abs ethjl alcohol contains
at

—20° -1-4° 39° 82°
26 31 43 4 7% Sri,
(Etard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 565 )

Strontium penodide, SrI3-floH 0
(Mosmer, \ ch 1897, (7) 12 399 )
SrI4 (Herz and Bulla, Z anorg 1911, 71

255)

Strontium stannous iodide
\ er> sol in H 0 (Boullaj )

Strontium zinc iodide, SrZnI4+ 9H20
Hjdroscopic (Ephraim. Z anorg 1910,

67 385)

Strontium nitride, Sr2N3

Decomp H 0 violently, but not alcohol
(Maquenne, \ ch (6) 29 225 )

Strontium oxide, SrO
Decomp by H20 to SrO2H2, which see

Sol in 160 pts HaO at 15 56° (Dalton) in 50 nts „+
100° (Dalton) in 130 pts at 20 (Bmeau) m 40 J?
cold and 20 pts hot H2O (Dumas) pw

Very si sol in alcohol Insol in ether

1 1 methyl alcohol dissolves 11 2 g SrO
(Neuberg and Rewald, Biochem Z 1908 9
540)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann B
1909,42 3790)

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904 37
4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 ) '

Sol in cane sugar +Aq

Solubility in H20 containing 10 g sugar at t°

t°

g SrO

t°

g SrO

8
15

1 21
1 48

24
40

1 87
3 55

(Sidersky, C C 1886 57 )
See also Strontium hydroxide

Strontium peroxide, SrO2

SI sol in H2O Easily sol m acids anc
NH4Cl-f-Aq Insol in NH4OH+Aq (Con
roy, Chem Soc (2) 11 812 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Strontium oxybromide, SrBr2, SrO-h9H20

Not hydroscopic, sol in H2O (Tassilly
C R 1895, 120 1339 )

Strontium oxychlonde, SrCl , SrO+9H20

Very easily decomp by H20 and alcohol
(Andre", A ch (6) 3 76 )

Strontium oxyiodide, 2SrL, 5SiO+30H20

Not hydroscopic, sol m H O (Tassilly,
C R 1895, 120 1339 )

Strontium oxysulphide, Sr2OS4-fl2H20
Decomp by H2O

Insol m alcohol, ether, and GS2 (Schone
Mixture of SrS 03 and SrS> (Geuther, A

224 178)

Strontium phosphide, br3P2

Crystalhzed Sol in dil acids, msol IE
cone acids, decomp by H2O Insol m or
game solvents at ord temp (Jabom, C R
1899, 129 764 )

Strontium selemde, SrSe
SI sol in H2O (Fabre, C R 102 1469 )

Strontium silicide, SrSi2

Decomp by H20 (Bradley, C N 1900,
82 150 )

SULPHANTIMONATES

865

Strontium sulphide, SrS
Sol in H20 with decomp into Sr02H2 and

Insol m acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

Strontium tefrasulphide, SrS4

Very deliquescent, and sol in H2O and
alcohol Aqueous solution decomp on air
Cryst with 2, or 6H20 (Schone, Pogg 117
58)

Known only in solution

Strontium stannic sulphide
See Sulphostannate, strontium

Sulphalunumc acid

Silver sulphaluminate, 4Ag2S, 5A12S
(Cambi, Real Ac Line 1912, (5) 21, II

837)

Sulphamic acid, HOSO2NH2
See Armdosulphomc acid

Ammonium sulphamate, 2NH^, S03

(Woromn )

Is ammonium imidosulphonatc, which see
(Berglund )

Ammonium sulphamate, acid, 3NH3, 2SO3

(Woromn )

Is basic amm mium imidosulphonate, which
see (Beiglund )

Barium sulphamate, basic, 2IUO, 3SOj, 2NH3
Somewhat sol in Tl () o isily in HCl+Aq

(Jacqudam, A rh H) 8 M4 )
BaSO0(NH>)2 Si sol in H () Dccomp

by heating with H () (Woionm, I B 1860

sO)
Is barium irmdosulphon it( (B( iglund )

Sulphamide, SO (NH2)2

Very sol in H2O (Regnault, A ch 69
170, Mente, A 248 267 )

Insol in alcohol, ether, etc (Traube, B
26 607 )

Very sol in H20

SI sol in abs alcohol

SI sol in dry ether (Divers and Ogawa,
Chem Soc 1902^ 81 504 )

Very sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin and
Stafford, Am Ch T 1902, 28 95 )

Sol in alcohol, very sol mH2O (Hantzsch,
B 1901,34 3436)

Silver sulphamide, SO2(NHAg)2

SI sol in cold H20 Sol in HNO3, and
(NH4)2C08+Aq (Traube, B 26 607)

3NH3, 2SO3 (Jacquelain)

Is basic ammonium imidosulphonate, which
see (Berglund )

Sulphamidic acid

(Fremy )

See Imidosulphomc acid

Sulphaminoplatinous acid

Ammonium ^^rasulphamuioplatmite,

[Pt(S08NH2)J (NH4)2-r-6H20
SI sol in cold H2O (Ramberg, B 1912,
45 1512)

Potassium , [Pt(SO8NHi>)4lK2+2H20

Very si sol m cold H20 (Ramberg )

Sodium

Easily sol in cold H2O (Ramberg )

Sulphammomc, and Metasulphamm omc

acids
(Fremy )
See Nitnlosulphomc acid

Monosttlphanunomc acid

(Glaus )

See Amidosulphomc acid

IHsulphammonic acid

(Glaus )

See Imidosulphonic acid

T^nsuJphammonic acid

(Glaus )

See Nitnlosulphonic acid

reirasulphamm omc acid

(Glaus )

Does not exist See Nitnlosulphonic acid

Sulphammomum, S(NH3)2, 2NH8

Sol in liquid NH3

Sol in abs alcohol and anhydrous ether
(Moissan, C R 1901, 132 517 )

Sulphantimomc acid

Sulphantimonates

The alkali sulphantimonates are sol in
H20, but the solutions decomp on the air,
most of the other sulphantimonates are msol
in H20, all sulphantimonates are msol in
alcohol (Rammelsberg )

866

SULPHANTIMONATE, AMMONIUM

Ammonium sulphantunonate, (NH4)8SbS4

Sol in H^O
Sol in dil acids with decomp (Stanek,
Z anorg 1898. 17 122 )
+4HS0 (Stanek)

Solubility of (NH4)*SbS4+4H2O in H2Oat t°

Iron (feme) sulphantunonate, Fe2(SbS4)
(Rammelsberg, Pogg 62 234 )

Lead sulphantunonate, Pb3(SbS4)2
Ppfc Decomp byKOH+Aq (Rammeli
berg, Pogg 62 223 )

Lithium sulphantunonate, Li3SbS4+8J^H2C
100 g sat solution in H20 contain 50 8 j
anhyd Li3SbS4

Solubility in alcohol at 30°

t° /\]

%

Solid phase

- 1 9
- 5

9 9 Ice
20 0
30 2

41 6 Ice+(NH4)3!
41 6 (NH4),SbS

477 ;;

54 5

3bS4,4H20
4, 4H20

— 8
-13 5
0
+20
30

alcohol

LiJibS4

Solid phase

0
13 3

51 9
54 8
58 4
58 6
65 26
74 3
79 5

50 8
46 3
30 7
29 9
30 8
32 3
29 31
24 1
20 5

Li3SbS4, 8J^H20

It

Li3SbS4,8MH20+Li,Sb,
Li,SbS4

u

(Donk, Chem Weekblt 1908, 5 529 )

Solubility of (NH4)8SbS4 in alcohol at 10°
Solid phase, (NH4)3SbS4+4H20

CHsOH

(NH&bB.

C2H6°OH

%

0
5 1
19 1

43 2
35 9
23 1

43 1
53 1
93 3

8 7
4 1
0

(Schrememakers and Jacobs, Ch Week!
1910,72 213)

+9H20 Very sol in H20 (Brinkmau
Dissert 1891)

+10H2O Solubility of Li3SbS4+10H20
H2O at t°

(Donk, I c )

Antunonyl sulphantunonate, (SbO)3SbS4
Sol in HC1 (Rammelsberg, Pogg 1841,
62 236)

Banum sulphantunonate, Ba3(SbS4)+3H20
Sol in H2O Insol in alcohol

Banum potassium sulphantunonate,
KBaSbS4+6E 0

Easily sol in H 0
Decomp by acids (Glatzel, Z anorg
1911,72 100)

Bismuth sulphantunonate
Ppt

t°

Li3S°bS4

Solid phase

- 1 7
- 3 2
- 5 1
-10 8
-15 9
-26 2
-42
0
+10
30
50

7 1
12 8
17 5
23 2
28 5
35 3
40 4
45 5
46 9
50 1
51 3

Ice

Ice+Li3SbS4, 10H2C
Li3SbS4,f lOHoO

Cadmium sulphantunonate

Ppt (Rammelsberg, Pogg 52 236 )

Calcium sulphantunonate, Ca3(SbS4)2
Partially sol in H 0 Insol in alcohol

Cobaltous sulphantunonate, Co3CSbS4)2

Ppt Decomp by HCl+Aq (Rammels-
berg, Pogg 52 236 )

Cupnc sulphantunonate, Cu3(SbS4)2
Ppt (Rammelsberg, Pogg 52 226 )

Iron (ferrous) sulphantunonate
Ppt

(Donk, Chem Weekbl 1908, 5 629 )

At 10°, 100 g sat Li3SbS4 + 10H2O m 1(
% alcohol contain 41 8 g Li3SbS4, 262
alcohol, 36 5 g Li3SbS4 (Donk, I c )

Magnesium sulphantunonate, Mg3(Sb04)2

Deliquescent Sol in H2O Decomp
alcohol

Mercurous sulphantunonate, (Hg2)3(SbS4)
Ppt

Mercuric sulphantimonate, Hg8(SbS4)2
Ppt (Rammelsberg, Pogg 62 229 )

SULPHANTIMONATE, SODIUM

867

Mercuric sulphantunonate chloride,
Hg3(SbS4)2, 3HgCl2, 3HgO
Insol in acids, except aqua regia (Ram-
melsberg )

Nickel sulphantunonate, Ni3(SbS4)2
Ppt Decomp by hot HCl-fAq (Ram-
melsberg, Pogg 52 226 )

Potassium sulphantunonate, K3SbS4
Sol m H2O

Solubihty of K«SbS4 in H2O at t°

Composition of the liquid layers

Alcohol la^er EUO layer

C2H&OH

*

% % %
KsSbS* alcohol KaSbS4

85
54 7
46 9
16

0 11 67 4
22 34 49 0
42 38 45 6

27 4
31 1 12 7

(Donk, I c )

+4V2H2O Deliquescent Sol in H2O,
more sol than the Na salt
+3, 5, and 6H2O See Donk above
2K2S, Sb2S3 Decomp by cold H2O
(Ditte, C R 102 168 )
K2S, 2Sb2S3+3H20 SI sol in H2O
(Ditte )
K2S, Sb2S3 Decomp by H2O (Ditte)
K2S, 2Sb2S3 (Ditte)

Silver sulphantunonate, Ag3SbS4
Insol in H2O or acids Decomp by KOH
+Aq (Rammelsberg, Pogg 52 218 )

Sodium sulphantunonate, Na3SbS4-f 9H 0
(ScVippe's salt ) Sol in 2 9 pts H20 at
15° Aqueous solution is precipitated by
alcohol (Rammelsberg )
Sol m 3 pts cold H2O (van den Corput )
Sol m 4 pts cold H2O (Duflos )
Sol in 1 pt boiling H O (Duflos )

Solubility of Na3SbS4+9H2O m H2O at t°

t°

KsIbS*

Solid phase

- 1 3
-26
- 4
-72
-10 6
-13 5
-18 5
-28 8
-34
-10
-45
0
+10
30
50
80

9 5

17 1
24 2
35 4
42 9
48 8
52 6
59 6
62
65 5
69 1
75 4
76 2
77 1
77 7
79 2

Ice
tt

K
tt
ct

(t
it
((

Ice+K3SbS4, 6H20
K3SbS4, 6H20

K3SbS4, 5H20
t(

it

K3SbS4, 3H20

<i

(Donk,Chem Weekbl 1908,5 529,629,767)
Solubihty of K3SbS4 m KOH+Aq at 25°

R3SbS4

K§H

Solid phase

75

68 4
56 8
50 9
37 7
19 8
11 5
9 4
00 0

0
3 4
11 0
16 1
25 5
40 5
46 9
49 9
56 3

K3SbS4, 5HiO
K3SbS4, 3H20

u

K3SbS4

u

u

KobS4+KOH, 2H O

KOH, 2H 0

a

t

Na&bS,

Solid phase

- 0 1
- 0 65
-09
- 1 26
- 1 45
- 1 75
0
15
30
38
49 6
5Q 6
6Q 6
79 5

0 5
4
5 7
7 S
9 2
11 2
11 3
19 3
27 1
32
38 9
45
50 7
57 1

Ice

Na3SbS , 9H>0

i
t
tt

(Donk )
Solubihtv of K3SbS4 m alcohol+Aq at 10°

%

CH6JH

%
K3SbS4

S,oh 1 phas

94
90 5#

0;8*
0

0
0

69 2
76 1

K3SbS4} 5H2O
a

C(

tt

(Donk, Chem Weekbl 1908, 5 529, 629, 767 )

* Two liquid layers are formed

868

SULPHANTIMONATE THIOSULPHATE, SODIUM

Solubility of Na8SbS4+Na2S2Os m H20

Solubility of Na3SbS4 in methyl alcohol at tQ
Solid phase, Na3SbS4+9H20

^ 1 %

\aiSbS4 j NaabsOs

Solid phase

t = o°

t = 30°

t° = 10°

CB^OH

%

C&H

%
NasSbSi

11 8
4 4
0 8
0 1
0 0

0

4
14
27
33

9
6
3
6

Na3SbS4, 9H20
Na2S203, 5H20

3 4
15 5
23 1
50 3
57
81 7
92
95 9

8 6
2 8
2 1
0 3
0 1
0 05
0 2
2 0

0
18 1
33 1
65 7
84 2
91 2
94

27 1
12 8
5 8
0 1
0 1
1 2
3 9

t° = 30°

19 9
12 5
4 2
1
1
1
0

7
16
37
43
47
47
45

7
4
7
8

8
8

Na3SbS<, 9H20

a
a
tc

Na8SbS4-hNa2S203, 5H20
Na2S203, 5H20

f Donk, I c )

Sodium sulpnantunonate thiosulphate,
Na3SbS4, 2Na2S208+20H2O
Efflorescent, and decomp by H20 (Un
ger, Arch Pharm (2) 147 193 )
N o double salt exists See Donk, Na3SbS
+Na2S203 under Na3SbS4

(Donk, I c )

Solubility of >^3SbS4 in alcohol +Aq at t°
Solid phase, Na3SbS4+9H20

t = o

t=30°

t =65

h- 1
W

7

£

ffl !

q
n

o

S

C

0
3 7
12 7
29
60 S

11 8
8 2
3 2
0 9
0

5
10 3

24 8
46
76 2

19 3
14- 6
6 4
1 2
0

0

4 7
8
*54 1
81

47 9
39 3
36 5
4 1
0

* T\\o la\ers are formed

Composition of above layers

AJcohol la\er

H U

a\er

( akohol

<t Na^sbbi

t alcohol

% \aisbb4

54 1

4 1

8 0

36 5

40 4

10 2

14 3

27 8

33 5

14 1

18 8

24 1

27 2

18 0

(Donk, I c )

Strontium sulphantimonate
Sol m H2O, pptd by alcohol

Uranium sulphantunonate
Ppt

Zinc sulphantimonate, Zn3(SbS4)2

Ppt Sol in hot Na3SbS4+Aq, msol i
ZnS04-f Aq Partially sol in KOH+A(
sol m hot HCl+Aq (Rammelsberg, Pogj
52 233 )

Sulphantmionous acid

Ammonium mftosulphantunomte, NH4SbS2
Insol in H2O (Rouget, C R 1898, 12

1145)

+2H2O Insol in H20 and aloohol
Decomp in the air (Stanek, Z anor

1898, 17 119 )

Ammonium or/Aosulphantimonite,

(NH4)3SbS3

Easily decomp Stable only in presen
of (NH4)2S Sol m H2O Insol in alcoto
by which it is pptd from aqueous solutio
(Pouget, A ch 1899, (7) 18 536 )

Ammonium parasulphantunomte,
(NH4)2Sb4S7

Stable m the air

Insol in H20

Decomp by acids (Stanek, Z ano
1898, 17 120 )

Stable, cryst from hot solutions (Pong
C R 1898, 126 1145 )

SULPHANTIMONITE, MANGANOUS POTASSIUM

869

Ammonium silver orihosvlph an tim onite,

Decomp by H2O (Pouget, A ch 1899,
(7) 18 551 )

Barium mefosulphantimonrte, BaSb2S4

Insol m H20 (Pouget, A ch 1899,
(7) 18 541 )

Barium or^osulphantunomte, Ba3Sb2S6

+8H20

Decomp in the air and by H20 Some-
what sol in BaS-f Aq (Pouget, C R 1898,
126 1792 )

Barium pyrosulphanumonite, Ba2Sb2Ss

+8H20

Decomp by H2O
Nearly insol m BaS+Aq (Rouget )

Barium sulphantimomte, Ba3Sb4S9-f-10H20
Pptd from aq solution of ortho and pyro-

barium salts (Pouget )
Ba6Sb4Sn+16H20 (Pouget, A ch 1899,

(7) 18 538 )

Calcium sulphantunomte basic, Ca(OH)SbS2

Insol in H2O

Sol in cone HC1 (Pouget, A ch 1899,
(7) 18 544 )

Calcium pz/rosulphoantimorute,

+15H20

Sol in H2O without decomp (Pouget.
C R 1898, 126 1793 )

Cobaltous orMosulphantimorute, CosSboSe
Ppt (Pouget, A ch 1899, (7) 18 554 )

Cuprous metosulphantimomte, CuSbS2
Sol in mixture of HNO3 and tartanc acid

with separation of S
Insol in NH4OH+Aq D( comp by hot

KOH and alkali sulphides +Aq (Sommer-

lad, Z anorg 1898, 18 430 )

Mm Wolf^r ite Sol m HNOa+Aq

with separation of S and Sb Oj

Cuprous ort/iosulphantimonite, Cu3SbS3
(Sommerlad, Z anorg 1898, 18 432 )
Ppt Insol in H2O Decomp by H2O

(Pouget, A ch 1899, (7) 18 556 )

Cuprous sulphantunomte, Cu2Sb4S7
Mm Guejante

Cupnc or^osulphantimomte, Cu3Sb2S6
Ppt (Pouget, A ch 1899, (7) 18 557 )

Cuprous lead sulphantamorute, Cu3SbS8,
2Pb3SbS3

Mm Boimonite Decomp by HNO3 +
Aq, and aqua regia

Cuprous potassium
Cu2KSbS3

Ppt , easily decomp by H2O (Pouget,
C R 1899, 129 104 )

+3H20 Ppt decomp by H2O (Pou-
get, A ch 1899, (7) 18 556 )

Iron (ferrous) m^ostdphantunomte,

Fe3(Sb3S)2

Ppt (Pouget, A ch 1899, (7) 18 554 )
Mm Berthi&nte SI sol in HCl+Aq,

easily sol in aqua regia

Lead or^osulphantunorute, Pb3(SbS3)2
Ppt Very si sol in H2O Decomp by

H2O (Pouget, A ch 1899, (7) 18 553 )
Min Boulanyente Completely sol in

hot HCl+Aq, decomp by HN03+Aq

Lead sulphantimorute

Sol in boiling cone HNO3+Aq (Four-
net )

Pb(SbS2)2 Min Zimkemte Decomp
by hot HCl+Aq

4PbS, Sb2S8 Min Plagwnite

2PbS,Sb2S3 Min Jamesonite Decomp
by hot HCl+Aq

4PbS, Sb2S3 Mm Meneghimte

5PbS, Sb2S3 Min Geokromte

6PbS, Sb2S8 Min KibnJemte (?)

Lead potassium or^osulphantimomte.
PbKSbS3

Very si sol m H2O

Decomp by H2O (Pouget, A ch 1899,
(7) 18 554)

Lead silver sulphantimomte, (Ag2, Pb)5Sb4Sn
Mm Freieslebenite

Lithium or^/iosulphantimomte, Li3SbS3
+3H20

Very deliquescent

Very sol in H 0 (Pouget, A ch 1899,
(7) 18 530 )

Lithium parasulphantunonite,

L] bb4S7+3H2O
Ppt (Pouget, A ch 1899, (7) 18 531 )

Lithium silver orZ/iosulphantimomte,

I iAg2SbS3

Decomp by H2O (Pouget, A ch 1899,
(7) 18 551 )

Manganous ori/iosulphantimomte, Mn3Sb2Se
Ppt SI sol in HoO (Pouget, A ch
1899, (7) 18 553 )

LOUS potassium or^asulphantimomte,

SI sol in H20 Decomp by H20 (Pou-
get, A ch 1899, (7) 18 553 )

870

SULPHANTIMONITE, NICKEL

Nickel or/^osulphantunomte, ]Ni3Qb2SG
Ppt (Pouget, A ch 1899, (7) 18 554 )

Potassium wietasulpliantimonite, KSbS2
Insol in cold H20 Decomp by hot H20

(Pouget A ch 1899, (7) 18 513 )

-hlJ"£H20 Sol in H20, but decomp

quickly n __

Sol in H20 (Stanek, Z anorg 1898, 17

119)

Potassium ortAosulphantrcnonite, K3SbS3

Very deliquescent
Very sol in H20

Decomp by acids (Pouget, A ch 1899,
(7) 18 518)

Potassium sulphantunomte, K2Sb4S?+3H20

SI sol in H20 and not decomp thereby
(Pouget, A ch 1899, (7) 18 522 )

Decomp in the air

Sol in KoS+Aq (Stanek, Z anorg 1898,
17 120)

2K2S, Sb2S3 Sol in H20 (Ditte, C R
102 68)

sKaS, i/SboSs Deliquescent When K2S
is in excess, sol in H20, when Sb2S3 is in ex-
cess, partially sol Aqueous solution is de-
comp bv all acids, even C02, and by K2C03,
3STa2C03, NaHC03, KHC03, kH.
Insol m absolute alcohol (Kohl )

Potassium hydrogen sulphantunomte.

KHSb4S7
(Pouget, \ ch 1899, (7) 18 522 )

Potassium silver or^osulphanumomte,

Ag KSbS3

Decomp by boiling H20 (Pouget, C R
1897, 124 1519 )

Potassium zinc ort/iosulphantimonite,

KZnSbSa

Decomp by H20 (Pouget, A ch 1899,
(7) 18 5o2 )

Silver tfrt/zosulphannmonite, Ag3SbS3

Ppt SI sol in H20 (Pouget, A ch
1899 (7) 18 547 )

Mm Pyrargynte Sol m HN03+Aq
with residue of S and Sb203 KOH-|-Aq dis-
solves out Sb S3

Silver sulphanumomte

\gSbS Mm Miargynte

5\gS, Sb S3 Min Stephanite Easily
decomp b> *arm HNO3-{-Aq

12 \g S, Sb S3 Mm Polyargynte

Silver sodium ortAosulphantimonite,
A.g NaSbS3

Decomp by H 0 Pouget, A ch 1899,
(7) 18 oo 1 )

Sodium fwefosulphantimonite, NaSbS2

Deliquescent Decomp by hot H20
When Na2S is in excess, sol m H20 bu
partially sol if Sb2S3 is m excess (Unepr
irch Pharm (2) 148 1 ) ger

Ppt Insol in H20 (Pouget, C R iggs
126 1145)

Sodium orMosulphantimonite, Na3SbS3

+9H20

Decomp in solution in H20 (Poucei
C R 1898, 126 1144 ) *

Sodium sulphantunomte, Na2Sb4S7+2H2C
Sol m H20 (Pouget, C R 1898, 12C

1145 )

NaeSbiSg (Pouget. C R 1898, 126 1144
4Na2S, 3Sb2S3+3H20 Permanent, so

in H20 Insol in alcohol and ether (Kohl

Strontium ortf/wsulphanfrmonite, Sr3Sb2Se

+10HoO

Sol m H20 (Pouget, C R 1898, 12€
1793)

Strontium pyrosulphantimonite, Sr2Sb2S6

+15H2O

Sol in H2O without essential decomr
(Pouget, C R 1898, 126 1793 )

Zinc ori/iosulphantunonite, Zn3Sb2S6
Ppt (Pouget, A ch 1899, (7) 18 552

CWwsulpharsemc acid, H3AsS4
Ppt Loses H2S by prolonged boiling wit

H20 (Nilson, J pr (2) 14 145 )
See also Sulphoxyarsemc acid

Ammonium sulpharsenate,

Known only m solution in H2O Decomj
on boiling into —

NH4AsS3 Sol m alcohol

(NH4)3AsS4 Sol m H2O Precipitate
by alcohol

(NH4)2S, 12As2S6 Ppt Insol m H20

Ammomum magnesium sulpharsenate,
(NH4)2S, MgS, As2S6

Ammonium sodium sulpharsenate,

(NH4)3AsS4, Na3AsS4
Much more sol in H20 than Na3AsS4, c
sol in cold, more sol m hot alcohol (Be
zelius )

Barium sulpharsenate, Ba(AsS3)2

Sol m H2O and alcohol Decomp b
evaporation

Ba2As2S7 Sol m H2O in all proportioi
with decomp Decomp by alcohol

Ba3(AsS4)2 Sol m H2O Insol ui alc<
hoi

BaS, 3As2S6 Ppt Insol m H20

SULPHARSENATE, SODIUM ZINC

871

Barium potassium sulpharsenate,
KBaAsS4+6H20

Easily sol in H20

Decomp by acids with separation of As2S6
(Glatzel, Z anorg 1911, 71 209 )

Barium sulpharsenate sulpharsemte,

Ba3(AsS4)2, Ba2As2S5+4H2O
SI sol in cold, more easily in hot H20
(Nilson )

Bismuth sulpharsenate, 2Bi2S8, 3As2S5
Sol in NasAsS4+Aq

6 As above (Berzehus )

Cadmium sulpharsenate
Ppt (Berzehus, Pogg 7 88 )

Calcium sulpharsenate, Ca2As2S7

Sol m EkO and alcohol

Cas(AsS4)2 Easily sol in H20 Insol in
alcohol

+10H2O Easily sol in H20 (Nilson, J
pr (2) 14 169 )

5CaS, 2AsS2S64-6H20 Easily sol in H20
(Nilson,, J pr (2) 14 163 )

Cerous sulpharsenate, Ce2As2S7

Ce3(AsS4)2
Ce4(As2S7)3

Ppt
Ppt

Cobaltous sulpharsenate, Co2As2S7

Ppt Sol in excess of sodium sulpharsen-
ate+Aq

Cuprous sulpharsenate, Cu3AsS4

Ppt (Preis, A 257 201 )

Mm Enarqite Clante Not wholly de-
comp by HCl+Aq Sol in HCl+Aq with
residue of As2O8 Not attacked by KOH -f Aq

Cupnc sulpharsenate, Cu2As<>S7

Ppt Sol in (NH4)2S+Aq Decomp by
NH4OH+Aq (Berzehus )

Cu3(AsS4) Ppt (Preis, A 257 201)

Glucmum sulpharsenate
SI sol in H2O

Gold sulpharsenate, AuAsS4
Sol m pure H2O Insol in NasAsS4+Aq
2Au2S3, 3As2S6 Sol in H20 (Berzehus )

Iron (ferrous) sulpharsenate, Fe2As2S7
Ppt Sol m NasAsS4+Aq (Berzehus)

Iron (feme) sulpharsenate, Fe4(As2S7)3
Ppt Sol in Na3AsS4-fAq (Berzehus)

Lead sulpharsenate, Pb2As2S7
Ppt (Berzehus )
Pb3(AsS4)2 Ppt

Lithium sulpharsenate,

Easily sol in hot, less sol in cold
Insol in alcohol

LiiAssiS? ComDletely sol in H2O De-
comp by alcohol

LiAsSa Known only in acid solution

Magnesium sulpharsenate, Mg2As2S7

Sol m all proportions of H2O, and in al-
cohol

Mg3(AsS4)2 Sol m H2O Decomp
alcohol

3MgS, As2S6 Nearly insol in H2O
5MgS. 2As2S5+15H20 Very sol in H2O
(Nilson 5

Manganous sulpharsenate, Mn2As2S7
SI sol in H2O

Mn3(AsS4)2 Permanent SI sol m. H2O
6MnS, As2S5 SI sol in H2O

Mercurous sulpharsenate, (Hg2)2As2S7
Ppt

Mercuric sulpharsenate, Hg2As2S7
Ppt (Berzehus, Pogg 7 29 )
Hg3(AsS4)2 Ppt (Preis, A 257 200)

Nickel sulpharsenate, Ni3(AsS4)2

Ppt Not decomp by HCl+Aq Sol in
Na3AsS4+Aq (Berzehus )

2NiS, As £5 As above

Potassium sulpharsenate, KAsSs
Known only in alcoholic solution
K4As2S7 Deliquescent Sol m H20, from

which alcohol ppts K3AsS4

K3AsS4 Deliquescent Very sol in H2O,

from which it is precipitated by alcohol
+H2O Very deliquescent (Nilson, J

pr (2) 14 159 )

Potassium sodium sulpharsenate
Sol m H2O

Silver sulpharsenate, Ag3AsS4
Ppt (Berzehus, Pogg 7 29 )
Ag2As2S? Ppt

Sodium sulpharsenate, NaAsS3
Known only in alcoholic solution
Na4As S7 Sol m H20 Alcohol ppts

Na3AsS4 from H20 solution
Na3AsS4-|-7^H20 Easily sol m H2O,

from which it is precipitated by alcohol
-f8H2O Insol m alcohol, very sol in

H2O (McCay, Z anal 1895, 34 726 )
+9H20 (Nilson, J pr (2) 14 160 )
Na2S, 12As2S5 (?) Insol in H2O

Sodium zinc sulpharsenate, NaZnAsS4+

4H20

Sol in hot H20 with decomp (Preis, A
267 202 )

872

SULPHARSENATE, STRONTIUM

Strontium sulpharsenate, Sr3(AsS4)2
Easily sol in H20, insol in alcohol
Sr»AsjS7 Easily sol in HA from which

alcohol ppts Sr5(AsS4)2

Strontium sulpaarsenate sulpharsemte,

Sr»(AsS4)2, SnAsiSs+^HiO
Easily sol in H20 (Nilson, J pr (2) 14
162)

ThaUous sulpharsenate, TlsAsS4

Not decomp by H20 Decomp by dil
acids Insol in oil alkali sulphides Par-
tially decomp by boihng with a cone solu-
tion of sodium sulphide (Hawley, J Am
Chem Soc 1907, 29 1013 )

Tin (stannous) sulpharsenate
Ppt

Tin (stannic) jsulpharsenate
Ppt

Uranic sulpharsenate, 21X283, As2S5
Ppt Sol in Na3AsS4-l-Aq

Zinc sulpharsenate, Zn3(AsS4)2
Ppt (Berzehus )
2ZnS, As S5 Ppt (Berzehus )
ZnS, As Ss (Wohler )

Disulpharsemc acid

See jDisulphoxyarsemc acid

Sulpharseniosulphomolybdic acid

Ammonium sulpharsemosulphomolybdate,
(NH4)4\s S7(MoS3)2+5H20

Very unstable

Sol in H O with decomp (Wemland, Z
anorg 1897, 15 49)

Barium , Ba As2S7(MoS3)2-f 14H20

Sol m HoO ttith decomp (Wemland)

Potassium , K \sS3(MoS3) +4H20

(\\ emland )

K4As S (MoS3) +8H20 Sol in H20
Decomp b> mineral acids Insol m alcohol
(Wemland )

Sodium , NaAsS3(MoS3)+6H2O

Insol in H 0 Easil> sol m dil NaOH

and NH,+ A.q (\\ emland )
NaiAs S7(MoS,) + 14H 0 Sol in H20

Decomp by mineral acids (Wemland )

Sulpharsemosulphoxymolybdic acid

Banum sulpharsemosulphoxymolybdate.
BasAs S7(Mo S303)+12H20

Sol in H20 (Wemland, Z anorg 1897,
15 60 )

Magnesium sulpharsemosulphoxymolvbda^

Mg2As2S7(Mo2S8O3)-hl6H20
Very sol in H2O (Wemland )

Potassium - , KAsS8(MoSQ8)+2J£BM)
Sol in H2O with decomp (Wemland )
K4As2S7(Mo2S303)+6H20 Very sol i

H20 Wemland )

+10H20 (Wemland )

Sodium - , NaAsS3(MoS02)+5H20

sol in cold, very sol mhotH20 (Weu

Very so

land)
Nfik
in H20 (Wemland )

Sulpharsemous acid

Ammonium sulpharsemte, NH4As8S5+2H2(
Insol in H20 Ppt Sol in KOH <
NH4OH+Aq 81 attacked by boihne HC1
Aq (Nilson.J pr (2) 14 42 )

(NH4)4As2Sfi=2(NH4)2S, As2S3 Sol ]
H20, from which alcohol ppts (NH4)sAsS3

(NH4)3AsS3 = 3(NH4)2S, As2S3 Deconij
on air. sol in H2O Insol in alcohol

(NH4)5AssSio Sol in H2O (Nilson,
pr (2) 14 160 )

Barium sulpharsemte, Ba2As2S5
SI sol m H2O Dec
+5H20 SI sol in H20 (Nilson, J p

SI sol m H2O Decomp by alcohol
" ' H2O ~~~

(2) "14 46)

+15H20 SI sol m cold H20 (Nilson

Ba8(AsS3)2 SI sol m H20 Precipitate
by alcohol

+ 14H20 SI sol in cold, easily in h<
H20 (Nilson )

Ba(AsS2)2+2H2O Insol m H20 (Ni
son, J pr (2) 14 44 )

BaAsi2Si9 Insol in HCl-|-Aq (Nilson

Bismuth sulpharsemte, 2Bi2S3,
Ppt

Cadmium sulpharsemte
Ppt (Berzehus, Pogg 7 146 )

Calcium sulpharsemte, Ca2As2S5
Sol m H2O, from which alcohol ppt

Cas(AsS3)2

Ca3(AsS8)2 Sol mH20
+ 15H20 Precipitated by alcohol
Ca(AsS2)2-flOH20 Sol in H2O (Nilao

J pr (2) 14 54 )
CaAs8Si3+10H2O (?) Insol in cold H2(

Decomp by hot H2O (Nilson )
CaAsi8S28+10H2O (?) SI sol mhotH2(

(Nilson )
Ca7As2Si0-f 25H2O SI sol m cold or h<

H20 (Nilson )

Cerous sulpharsemte, Ce2As2S6
Ppt

SULPHAHSENITE, URANIC

873

Chromic sulphafsemte, 2Cr2S3, 3As2S3
Ppt Insol in Na2S-j-Aq

Cobaltous sulpharsemte, 2CoS, As2S3

Ppt Sol in excess of sodium sulpharsen-
ite+Aq

Cuprous sulpharsemte,
3Cu2S, 2As2S3 = C

Mm Bvnmte Decomp by hot acids and
KOH+Aq

2Cu2S, As2S3 = Cu4As2S6 Decomp by
adds, KOH and K2S+Aq (Sommerlad, Z
anorg 1898, 18 434 )

Cupnc sulpharsemte, CuiAsS3

Insol in H2O or HCl+Aq Sol in NasAsS3
+Aq

Cu2As2S6 Ppt (Berzelius )

Glucinum sulpharsemte, 2G1S, As2S3

Ppt Sol in acids, partly sol in NH4OH
+Aq

Gold sulpharsemte, 2Au2S8, 3As2S3
Ppt (Berzelius )

Iron (ferrous) sulpharsemte

Ppt Sol in Na3AsS3+Aq (Berzelms )

Iron (ferric) sulpharsemte

Ppt Sol in excess of a ferric salt, or
NasAsSu+Aq (Berzelms)

Lead sulpharsemte, Pb2As2S5
Ppt Mm Dufreynosite
Pb(AsS2)2 = PbS, As S3 Mm Sartonte
Mm Jordanite

Lithium sulpharsemtes
Resemble K salts

Magnesium sulpharsemte, Mg2As2S6
Almost completely sol in H2O Easily sol

in alcohol (Beizelms )

+8H O fel sol irr H O (Nilson )
Mg(AsS2)o+5H/) Slowly sol m both

cold and hot H2O (Nikon, J pr (2) 14

59)
Mg3(AsS3)2+9H O (Nilson )

Manganous sulpharsenite, Mn2AsoSs
Ppt Decomp by HCl+Aq

Mercurous sulpharsemte, (Hg2)2As2S6
Ppt (Berzelms )

Mercuric sulpharsemte, Hg2As2Ss
Ppt

Hg(AsS2)2 Ppt (Berzelms, Pogg 7 149 )

Nickel sulpharsemte, Ni8(AsS3)2
Ppt (Berzelms )

CBerzehus )
Insol m alcohol

(Ber-

Platinum sulpharsemte,
Ppt

Potassium sulpharsemte,

Decomp by HoO or alcohol

KaAsSs Sol m H O
(Berzelms )

K2As4S7 Sol in H2O and alcohol
zelius )

K2AsS2 Decomp by H20 CBerzelms )

+2HH2O Not whoUy sol in HoO (Nil-
son, J pr (2) 14 30)

K As4S3 +8HoO (Nilson )

KAs3S6+H2O Insol m H2O Slowly at-
tacked by hot HCl+Aq Sol inKOH+Aq
(Nilson )

Silver sulpharsemte, 12Ag->S, AsoS3
Ppt (Sommerlad, Z anorg 1898, 18

428)

5Ag2S, As2S3=Ag6AsS4 (Sommerlad)
Ag3AsS3 Mm Proustite Sol inHNO8+

Aq KOH +Aq dissolves out Sb2S3 (Senar-

mont, A ch (3) 32 129, Wohler, A 27 159 )
2Ag2S, As2S3 Partially sol in HN03+

Aq (Berzehus )
AgAsS2 (Berzehus, Pogg 7 150 )

Sodium sulpharsemte,

Attacked by HCl+Aq with difficulty
(Nilson, J pr (2) 14 37 )

+ 1 HHoO Forms coagulum with cold, sol
m hot H O (Nilson )

Na2As4S +6H20 Sol in much H20, not
easily decomp by HCl+Aq (Nilson )

NaAj ~ ~

14 3)

by
NaAs3S5+4HoO Ppt' (Nilson, J pr (2)

Strontium sulpharsemte, 3SrS,
15H2O

Sol m H2O+Aq msol m alcohol (Voigt
and Gottlmg )

2SiS, \s S3 Sol m H 0, decomp by
alcohol

+ 15H2O (Nilbon, J pr (2) 14 53 )

SrCAsS )>+2^H O SI sol m H 0 (Nil-
son )

Thallous sulpharsemte,

Ppt Decomp byKOH+\q (Gunning,
J B 1868 247)

Above compound is a mixture of As2S3 and
TloS (Ha\\ley, J Am Chem Soc 1907,
29 1012)

Mm Lorandite (Kucnnei and Loezka,
C C 1904, II 844 )

Tin (stannous) sulpharsemte, SnoAs S
Ppt

Tin (stannic) sulpharsemte SnAs S6
Ppt (Berzelms, Pogg 7 147 )

Uramc sulpharsemte, 2U2S3, As2S3
Ppt

874

SULPHARSENITE, ZINC

Zinc sulpharsemte
Ppt (Berzehus, Pogg 7 145 )

Zirconium sulpharsemte, 2Zr2S3, As2S3

Ppt Insol in solutions of alkali sulph
arsenites SI sol in Na^ Aq Not de-
comp by acids (Berzehus )

" Sulphatammon," 2NH3, S08

(Rose)

Is ammonium imidosulphonate, which see
(Berglund )

"Parasulphatammon," 3NH3, 2S08

Is basic ammonium imidosulphonate, which
see (Berglund )

Sulphatoiodic acid

Potassium sulphatoiodate, K2H03SI04 or
KlOa, KHS04

Decomp by H 0 (Blomstrand, J pr (2)
40 317)

See lodate sulphate, potassium

Sulphatooctamine cobaltic carbonate

(SO4)2Co2(NH3)8C03+4H20
Sol in H20 (Vortmann and Blasberg, B

22 2650)

(S04)Co (NH3)8(C03)2-f 3H20 Sol in

HO (V and B )
See Carbonatotetramine cobaltic sulphate

(Jorgensen )

Sulphatoplatinamine sulphate,

S04Pt(NH3) S04+3H20
Easily sol m HO Sol in H2S04+Aq

Sulphatoplatindiamine sulphate,

S04Pt(N HG)2S04+H20
Insol in HO

Sulphatopurpureocobaltic bromide,

Co(S04)(NH3)5Br

Sol in E O, from which it is precipitated
b\ cone HBr+\q (Jorgensen, J pr (2)

Sol m H 0 (Vortmann and Blasberg, B
22 264S )

SI sol m cold H20 (Jorgensen )

nitrate, Co(S04)(NH3)6(N03)
Somewhat si sol in cold H20 (Jorgensen )

Sulphatopurpureocobaltic sulphate
[Co(S04)(NH8)6]2S04+H20 '
Very easily sol in H2O (Jorgensen, J p]
(2) 26 94 )

Co(S04)NH3) 6(HS04) +2H20 S01 ,
about 25 pts of cold H20 Sol m dQ ^

in cone NH4OH+Aq (Jorgensen) '

*

Sulphazic acid, H4S2N209 =

S03H-N(OH)-0-.N-(OH)S03H
Known only in its salts (Raschig, A 24j
161 )

Potassium sulphazate, K3HS2N209 =

(S08K) (OK)N^O— N(OH)~.(S08K)
Sol in H20, but decomp on standmc
(Raschig, A 241 161 ) ™*

Sulphazidic acid

(Fremy )

See Hydroxylamine monosulphomc acid.

Sulphazilinic acid
See Orysulphazotic acid

acid
Tnsulphoxyazotic acid

Sulphazinous acid

(Fremy )

See Dfliydroxylamine sulphonic acid

Sulphazotic acid, H6N2S4Oi4 =

(S03H)8=NH—NO = OH(S08H)
Known only in its salts (Glaus, A 158
52 and 194) Has the formula

(SO,H)iNH<g>NH(S08H)2
(Raschig, A 241 161 )

Lead potassium sulphazotate

Insol in cold, decomp by hot H20 Insol
.n alcohol and ether (Fremy, A ch (3) 15
439)

Potassium sulphazotate, K0HN2S4Oi4-f-H2C
= (S03K)2NK <$> NH(S03K)2

Very sol m hot, less in cold H2O (Has
chig, A 241 161 ) Decomp gradually bj
soiling (Glaus ) Insol in alcohol or ether
(Fremy, A ch (3) 15 428 )

True composition is HON(S03K)2
KON(S03K)2+H2O Potassium hydroxyl
amme disulphonate (Divers and Haga
"Ihern Soc 1900, 77 432 )

Forms basic salt

S08K)2NK<^>NK(S03K)2,
.asily sol and decomp by H20

which ie
(Raschig '

Potassium sodium sulphazotate,

K4NaHN2S4014+2H20
Quite easily sol in H20 (Raschig, A
41 161)

SULPHOCKROMIC ACID

875

#isulphhydroxyazotic acid, ONH(S02H)3
Known only in its salts (Glaus. A 158
52 and 194 ) Correct composition is hydroxy-
larmne sulphomc acid HON(SO8H)2, which
see (Raschig, A 241 161)

Sulphhydroxylamic acid

(Claus )

See Hydroxylanune wonosulphonic acid

Dzsulphhydroxyazotic acid

(Claus )

See Hydroxylamine disulphomc acid

Sulphides

The sulphides of the alkali metals are sol in
H20, those of the alkali-earth metals are
much less sol , and are decomp upon solution
into hydrosulphide and hydroxide
The other sulphides are insol in H20
For each sulphide, see under the respective
element

Sulphimide, S02NH
See Imidosulphamide

(S02NH)3

Sol in methyl alcohol, si sol in ether,
msol in chloroform and benzene (Hantzsch
B 1901, 34 3440 )

Ammonium sulphimide, SO2N(NH4)
Sol m H2O, insol in alcohol (Traube )

Barium - , (S02N)2Ba+2H2O
Sol in H2O (Traube )

Potassium -- , S02NI\
Not very sol m H^O

Silver — , SOoNAg

Sol in 500-600 pts cold, more easily in
hot H20 Sol m acids

Sodium - , S02NNa
Very sol in H2O

" Sulphitammon," NH3, SO2
See Thionannc acid

Sulphobismuthous acid

Cuprous sulphobismuthite, AuBiS2
Mm Emplectite Sol in HN03+Aq
Cu8Bi4S9 Mm Klaprothite Completely

sol inHCl+Aq
Cu8BiS3 Mm W^tt^chen^te Sol in HC1

•f Aq and in HNO8+Aq

Cuprous lead sulphobismuthite, Cu2S, 2PbS,
Bi2S3

Min Patnmte

Sol in HNOs-f-Aq with residue of S and
PbS04

Lead - , 2PbS, Bi2S3
Mm Cosahte
2PbS, 3Bi2S3 Min

Potassium - , KBiS

Decomp byH2O

Sol in HCl+Aq (Schneider, Pogg 1869,
136 464)

Metasulphoboric acid, BaSsH-ji

Decomp by H20 and alcohol

1 pt is sol in 5 pts benzene

1 pt is " " 5 " CS2

Very si sol m CS2 at— 20°
1901, 34 401 )

Sulphocarbomc acid

Ammonium cuprous sulphocarbonate,

CS3CuNH4

This salt was formerly described as cupnc
sulphocarbonate ammonia, CSsCu, NHS
(Hofmann, B 1903,36 1146)

Cuprous potassium sulphocarbonate,
CS3CuK

Nearly insol in cold H O

Somewhat sol in hot H O, NaOH and
NH4OH +Aq (Hofmann )

Cupnc sulphocarbonate ammonia, CS3Cu,
NH3

Very si sol m strong NH4OH+\q , insol
m cold H2O, si sol in hot H O (Hofmann,
Z anoig 1897, 14 295 )

Is ammonium cuprous sulphocarbonate
(Hofmann, B 1903,36 1146)

Cuprous sulphocarbonate potassium cyanide,

CS3Cu, 2KCN+2HO
Sol in H O and dil alkalies on \\ arming
(Hotmann, B 1903,36 1148)

Zinc sulphocarbonate ammonia,

CS3Zn, 2NH3
Ppt (Hofmann, Z anorg 1897, 14 277 )

Sulphochromic acid, HoCrO4, S03 (?)
Sol in H2O (Bolley, A 66 113 )
rS03)4Cr2O2(OH)2 Sol m H O All salts

even alkali salts are insol in H2O (Recoura,

Bull Soc 1896, (3) 15 315 )

[Cr202(OH)4(S02)403, Cr20(OH)2(S02)3

(OH) ] (OH) 2 Sol in H2O (Wyrouboff,

Bull Soc 1902, (3) 27 721 )

876

SULPHOCHROMATE, CHROMIUM

Chromium sulphochromate,

Cr202(OH)4(S02)402(OH)2Cr2(OH)6

Ppt , decomp by boiling H20 (Wyrou-
boff, Bull Soc 1902, (3) 27 720 )

Sulphochromous acid

Ferrous sulphockromite, FeCr S4

Insol in H20, and nearly so in HCl-fAq
(Groger, W A B 81, 2 531 )

Manganous , MnCr2S4

Insol in H20 and HCl-j-Aq (Groger)

Potassium •, K2Cr2S4

Insol in H 0 and in hot HCl+Aq
Easily sol in aqua regia Slowly sol m

-cold, rapidly sol in hot dil HN08-|-Aq

(MJbauer, Z anorg 1904, 42 443)
K2Cr4S7 Stable in the air, sol in HN03

and aqua regia with decomp (Schneider,

J pr 1897, (3) 56 407 )

Silver , Ag2O2S4

Not attacked by HCl+Aq even on heat-
ing Decomp by cone HN03 (Schneider,
J pr 1897, (2) 56 401 )

Sodium , Na Cr2S4

Insol m H 0 SI attacked by dil HC1 or
HSO4-fAq Sol m cold cone HN08 or
aqua regia Sol in hot dil HN03+Aq
(Groger )

Sol in acids with decomp (Schneider,
J pr 1897, (3) 56 415 )

Zinc , ZnO2S4

Insol m H O , sol in traces m boiling cone
HC1 or dil H2S04+4.q, sol in HNO3+Aq
(Groger, T\ A. B 81, 2 531 )

Sulphocyanhydric acid, HSCN

Sol m HO

Sat HSCA + \q has sp gr = 1 022 (For
rett, 1814 ) HSCN + 4q containing 12 7%
HSCX hat, sp gr 1 040 at 12 7° (Hermes,
Z Ch 1866 417)

Sulphocyamdes

Alofet sulphoc\amdeb are bol m H 0, but
Cu, Pb, Hg, and \g sulphoc}ramdes are msol

Aluminum sulphocyamde, A1(SCN)S

Kno^n onl\ in solution

Al(SCN) (OH)4 Kno\vn only m solution
(Smda )

Aluminum potassium sulphocyamde,
K,\l(SCN)e+4HO

Ver> h\droscopic

Sol in H O and alcohol (Rosenheim Z
anorg 1901, 27 302 )

Ammonium sulphocyamde, NH4SCN

Deliquescent, and very sol in H20

100 pts H2O dissolve 128 1 pts at 0° and
162 2 pts at 20° ^Q

NH*SCN+Aq sat at ord temp has
density of 1 138 and 100 cc contains 69 16 &
NH4SCN (Klason, J pr 1887, (2) 36 67 1

By dissolving 90 g NH4SCN m 90 g H,0
at 17°. the temp falls to —12° (Clowes Z
Ch 1&6 190) '*

133 pts NH4SCN+100 pts H20 at 132°
lower the temp 31 2° (Rudorff, B 2 68 )

Sol in liquid S02 (Walden, B 1899 32
2864 )

Difficultly sol in AsBr3 (Walden Z
anorg 1902, 29 374 )

Very easily sol in liquid NH8 (Franklin
Am Ch J 1898, 20 826 )

Easily sol in alcohol

Easily sol in acetone (Krug and M'Elroy

SI sol in benzomtrile (Naumann, B
1914, 47 1369 )

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann. B
1909, 42 3789 )

Difficultly sol m ethyl acetate (Nau
mann, B 1910,43 314)

Ammonium bismuth sulphocyamde,

(NH4)3Bi(SCN)3

As K salt (Rosenheim and Vogelgesang
Z anorg 1906, 48 215 )

Ammonium cadmium sulphocyamde.

(NH4)2Cd(SCN)4H-2H2O
Somewhat deliquescent
Melts in crystal H20 at 25°
Insol in alcohol (Grossmann, B 1902
35 2667)

Ammonium cadmium molybdenyl sulpho
cyanide, NH4SCN, Cd(SClN)2)
Mo(OH)(SCN)3-h3H2O
(Maas and Sand, B 1908, 41 1513 )

Ammonium cobaltous sulphocyamde,

(NH4)2Co(SCN)4

Decomp in moist air

Cannot be recryst from H20 (Treadwell
Z anorg 1901, 26 109 )

+4H20 Sol mH20

Sol m methyl, ethyl and amyl alcohol
m acetone and m ether + Aq

Can be recryst from H2O or alcohol with
out decomp (Rosenheim and Cohn, Z
anorg 1901, 27 289 )

Ammonium iron (feme) sulphocyamde,
9NH4SCN, Fe(SCN)8+4H20

Deliquescent, and sol in H20 (Kruss anc
Moraht, A 260 207 )

3NH4SCN, Fe(SCN)3 Extremely deli
quescent

Ammonium mercuric sulphocyamde,

2NH4SCN, Hg(SC3ST)2
Easily sol m H2O (Fleischer, A 179
228)

SULPHOCYANIDE, BISMUTH

877

NH4Hg(SCN)3 Insol in cold, sol in hot
220 (Rosenheim, Z anorg 1901, 27 284 )

Ammonium molybdenyl sulphocyanide,

3NH4SCN, Mo(OH)(SCN)8+3H20
(Sand and Maas, B 1907, 40 4507 )

Ammonium nickel sulphocyamde,
(NH4)4Ni(SCN)6+4H20

Sol in H2O with decomp

SI sol in cold, easily sol in hot alcohol
(Rosenheim, Z anorg 1901, 27 292 )

Ammonium silver sulphocyamde, NH4SCN,

AgSCN
Decomp by H2O

Ammonium vanadium sulphocyamde,

V(SCN)3, 3NH4SCN+4H2O
Sol in H2O, sol in alcohol, si sol in ether
(Ciocci,Z anorg 1898, 19 311 )

Ammonium vanadyl sulphocyamde,

(NH4)2VO(SCN)4+5H20

Sol m H2O, alcohol, ether, acetone, amyl
alcohol and ethyl acetate (Koppel, Z
anorg 1903, 36 290 )

Ammonium zinc sulphocyamde,
(NH4)2Zn(SCN)4+3H20

Easily sol in H2O and m alcohol (Walden,
Z anorg 1900, 23 374 )

•f4H2O Easily sol in cold H20, acetone,
alcohols and ether (Rosenheim and Huld-
schinsky, B 1901, 34 3913 )

Ammonium sulphocyamde mercuric bromide,
NH4SCN, HgBr2

Very sol m H2O

Sol m alcohol (Grossmann, B 1902, 35
2945)

2NH4SCN, HgBr2+H/) Somewhat de-
liquescent

Very sol in H2O

Sol m alcohol (Giossmann )

Arsenic sulphocyamde, As(SCN)3

Decomp by H O Insol in all ordinary
solvents (Miguel A ch (5) 11 341 )

Barium sulphocyamde, Ba(SCN)2+2H2O

Deliquescent Easily sol in H20 and
alcohol Boiling solution in alcohol contains
328% anhydrous salt Solution sat at 20°
contains 30% (Tschermak, B 16 349 )

Cryst with 3H20 (Tschermak. B 25
2627)

Barium cadmium sulphocyamde,

4Ba(SCN)2, Cd(3CN)2+10H20
Deliquescent (Grossmann, B 1902, 36
2669 )

Banum caesium cuprous sulphocyamde,

Ba(SCN)2, 3CsSCN, 2CuSCN
Rapidly decomp by I^O (Wells, Am
!h J 1902, 28 273 )

Banum caesium silver sulphocyamde.

Ba(SCN)2, 3CsSCN, 2AgSCN
100 pts H2O dissolve 92 pts at 19°
Decomp by much H2O (Wells. Am Ch

J 1902, 28 272 )

Banum cobaltous sulphocyamde,

BaCo(SCN)4+8H20

Ppt (Rosenheim, Z anorg 1901^ 27
290 )

Banum mercuric sulphocyamde,
BaHg(SCN)4

Very sol in HoO and in alcohol (Rosen-
heim, Z anorg 1901, 27 286 )

BaHg(SCN)3]2-f2H2O Ppt Nearly m-
sol m cold, easily sol in hot HoO (Rosen-
heun )

Banum potassium silver sulphocyamde,
Ba(SCN)2, 4KSCN, 2AgSCN+H26
Very sol in a little H2O Decomp by
much H2O (Wells, Am Ch J 1902, 28

283)

Banum rubidium silver sulphocyamde,
BaRb2 Ag2 (SCN)6 +2H2O

Very sol in H2O (Wells, Am Ch J
1903, 30 186 )

BaRb4Agj(SCN)8+HO Sol m H2O
(Wells )

Banum silver sulphocyanide, Ba(SCN)2,

2AgSC \ -f 2H20
Stable in the air (Wells, \m Ch J

1902, 28 269 )

Banum zinc sulphocyamde, BaZn(SCN)4

+3H20

Easily sol in alcohol (\\ alden, Z anorg
1900, 23 374)

Barium sulphocyamde mercuric bromide,

Ba(SCN) , 2HgBr2-f- 5H2O
Very sol m H O f Giossmann, Z anorg

1903, 37 420 )

Bismuth sulphocyamde, basic,
Bi(OH)(SCN) +5H 0

(Rosenheim and V ogelgesang, Z anorg
1906, 48 214 )

Bi(SCN)3, 2Bio03 Insol in H20, but
when lecently pptd decomp by boiling
therewith Insol mHSCN + 4q (Meitzen-
dorf)

Bismuth sulphocyamde, Bi(SCN)3

Insol or si sol in H20 Sol m HNO«,
HC1, and HSCN+Aq (Meitzendorf, Pogg
56 83)

878

SULPHOCYANIDE, BISMUTH POTASSIUM

Decomp by cold H20 (Bender, B 20

723)

+14HjO Extremely deliquescent
Decomp by H20 (Rosenheim and Vogel-

gesang, Z anorg 1906, 48 214 )

Bismuth potassium sulphocyamde,
KJBi(SCN)fl

Decomp by H2O (Rosenheim and Vogel-
gesang, Z anorg 1906, 48 215 )

Not hydroscopic

Decomp by H20

Easily sol in alcohol (Vanmo, Z anorg
1901, 28 220 )

Bi(SCN)8. 9KSCN Very hydroscopic

Decomp oy H20

Sol in alcohol (Vanmo, Z anorg 1901,
28 221)

Bismuth sodium sulphocyanide,

Na8Bi(SCN)6

As K salt (Rosenheim and Vogelgesang,
Z anorg 1906, 48 215 )

Boron sulphocyanide, B(SCN)3

Sol in benzene and ether (Cocksedge,
Chem Soc 1908, (2) 93 217 )

Cadmium sulphocyanide, Cd(SCN)2

SI sol in H20 Sol in NH4OH+Aq with
combination

Cadmium caesium sulphocyanide,
CsCd(SCN)3

Recryst from H20 (Wells, Am Ch J
1903, 30 148 )

Cs4Cd(SCN)6-f2H20 Very sol in H20
Can be recr>st from cone solution but de-
comp on dilution to CsCd(SCN)3 (Wells )

Cadmium caesium silver sulphocyanide.

Cs CdAg (SCN)6
(Wells )

+2HO (\\ells)
( s CdAg4(SCN)8+2HaO (Wells )
Cs4Cd3 \g,0(SCN) 5+6H20 (Wells )

Cadmium mercunc sulphocyanide. Cd(SCN)2

Hg(SC\)

\ erv sol in hot H20 (Grossmann, Z
anorg 1903, 37 414 )

Cadmium molybdenum sulphocyanide,

CdfSCN),, Mo(SCN)4+2H 0
(Maas and Sand, B 1908, 41 1513 )
+3H 0 (Maas and Sand )

Cadmium molybdenyl potassium sulpho-
cyamde, KSCN, 4Cd(SCN)2,
3Mo(OH)(SCN),+18H20
(Mass and Sand, B 1908, 41 1513 )

Cadmium molybdenyl sul]
moma, 3Cd(SCN)2,

. Jde am
o(OH)(SCN)

(Mass and Sand, B 1908, 41 1512 )
-f 2H20 (Maas and Sand )

Cadmium potassium sulphocyanide,

K2Cd(SCN)4+2H20
Very sol in H2O (Grossmann, B m
35 2668)

Cadmium rubidium sulphocyanide,
Rb2Cd(SCN)4+2H20

Very sol in H2O (Grossmann, B m
35 2668 )

Cadmium sodium sulphocyanide,

NaCd(SCN)8H-3H20
(Grossmann, B 1902, 35 2668 )

Cadmium sulphocyanide ammonia, Cd(SCN)

Decomp by H20 (Grossmann, B 1902
35 2666)
Cd(SCN)2, 2NH3 Decomp by pure H2C

(Grossmann )

Cadmium sulphocyanide ammonium bromide
Cd(SCN%, NILtBr+HzO

Can be recryst from H20 Decomp i
dil solution (Grossmann, Z anorg 190
37 425 )

Cd(SCN)2, 2NH4Br Easily splits o
NH4Br (Grossmann )

Cadmium sulphocyanide ammonium chloride

Cd(SCN)2, 2NH4C1

Can be recryst from H20 Decomp in di
solution (Grossmann, Z anorg 1903, 3<
423)

Cadmium sulphocyanide potassium bromide
Cd(SCN)2, KBr+HiO

Recryst from H2O (Grossmann, Z anors
1903, 37 425 )

Cd(SCN)2, 2KBr Recryst from H2C
(Grossmann )

Cadmium sulphocyanide potassium chloride

Cd(SCN)2, 2KC1

Recryst from H2O Decomp m dil solu
tion (Grossmann, Z anorg 1903, 37 423 }

Cadmium sulphocyamde potassium iodide

Cd(SCN)2, 2KI
Recryst from H2O (Grossmann )

Caesium calcium silver sulphocyamde.

2CsSCN, Ca(SCN)2, 2AgSCN+2H20
Recryst from H20 (Wells, Am Ch
1902, 28 275 )

SULPHOCYANIDE, COBALTOUS MERCURIC

879

Caesium chromium, sulphocyamde
See Chromisulphocyanide, caesium

Caesium cobaltous sulphocyanide,

Cs2Co(SCN)4+2S20

Stable in the air (Shinn and Wells, Am
Ch J 1903, 29 476 )

Caesium cobaltous silver sulphocyamde,

Cs2CoAg2(SCN)64-2H20
Slowly attacked by ftO, decomp by boil-
ing H20 Very si sol in CsSCN or Co(SCN)2
-f-Aq (Shinn and Wells, Am Ch J 1903,
29 478)

Caesium cuprous sulphocyamde, CsSCN,

CuSCN

H20 separates CuSCN (Roberts, Am Ch
J 1902, 28 262 )

Caesium cuprous nickel sulphocyamde.

2CsSCN, Ni(SCN),, 2CuSCN+2H2O
SI sol in H20 (Roberts and Wells, Am
Ch J 1902, 28 277 )

Caesium cuprous strontium sulphocyamde,
SCsSCN, 2CuSCN, Sr(SCN)2

As Ba salt (Wells, Am Ch J 1902, 28
275)

Caesium magnesium silver sulphocyamde,

2CsSCN, Mg(SCN)2, 2AgSCN +2H2O
As Ca comp (Wells, Am Ch J 1902, 28
275)

Caesium manganous silver sulphocyamde,

Cs2MnAg2(SCN)6-h2H20
Rather si sol in H2O (Wells )

Caesium mercuric sulphocyamde, CsSCN,

Hg(SCN)2

SI sol in hot H O (Bristol and Wells,
Am Ch J 1902, 28 260 )

Caesium mercuric sulphocyamde, 2CsSCN,

Hg(SCN)o+H20

Moderately sol in H2O, especially when
warm Recryst without decomp (Bristol
and Wells, Am Ch J 1902, 28 260 )

Caesium nickel silver sulphocyamde,

Cs2NiAg2(SCN)6-h2H20
Slowly decomp by hot H2O (Wells, Am
Ch J 1902, 28 277 )

Caesium silver sulphocyamde, CsSCN,
AgSCN

Easily forms supersat solution (Wells,
Am Ch J 1902. 28 264 )

2CsSCN, AgSCN Stable in the air
(Wells )

3CsSCN, \gSCN Stable m the air
(Wells )

Caesium silver strontium sulphocyamde,

3CsSCN, 2AgSCN, Sr(SCN)2
As Ba comp (Wells )

Caesium silver zinc sulphocyamde,

CsZnAg(SCN)4+H20

(Wells )

Cs2ZnAg(SCN)5 Ppt Stable in the air
(WeUs )

CsZn2Ag8(SCN)8 Decomp by cold, more
rapidly by hot H20 (Wells )

CsZn2Ag4(SCN)9 Slowly decomp by
H20 (Wells )

Caesium zinc sulphocyamde, CsaZn(SCN)44-

2H20

Moderately sol in H^O and can be recryst
therefrom (Wells )

Calcium sulphocyamde, Ca(SCN)2-j-3H2O

Deliquescent Very sol in H^O and al-
cohol

Calcium silver sulphocyamde, Ca(SCN)2,

2AgSCN+2H2O
(Wells )

Calcium stannic sulphocyanide, CaSn(SCN)6

+7H20

Very sol in H20 Can be recryst there-
from Sol in alcohol and acetone (Wein-
land and Barnes, Z anorg 1909, 62 258 )

Cerous sulphocyamde, Ce(SCN)34-7H2O

Deliquescent Sol in H O and alcohol
(John, Bull Soc (2) 21 534 )

Chromous sulphocyamde with MSCN
See Chromosulphocyamde, M

Chromic sulphocyamde, Cr(SCN)3

Deliquescent, and sol m H 0

Somewhat sol in oigamc solvents (Sper-
ansky, C C 1897, I 141

See also Chronusulphocyanhydnc acid

Chromic sulphocyamde uith MSCN
See Chromisulphocyamde, M

Cobaltous sulphocyanide, Co(SCN) + J£H O
Sol in H2O and alcohol, also in ether Sol

in liquid S02 (Walden, B 1899, 32 2S64 )
Sol in acetone (Krug and M'Elroy )
Sol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B

1909,42 3790)

H-3HoO Sol in H20 and m alcohol

(Rosenheim and Cohn, Z anorg 1901, 27

288)

Cobaltous mercuric sulphocyamde, Co(SCN)2,

Hg(SCN)2

Very si sol in H2O and dil HCl+Aq
Easily sol m HN03+Aq (Cleve, J pr 91
227)

880

&ULPHOCYANIDE, COBALTOUS POTASSIUM

Cobaltous sulphocyarude mercunc chlond«
2Co(SCN)2, 2HgCl2 Ond€

(Hantzsch and Shibata, Z anorg 1912 7
320) '

2Co(SCN)2, 3HgCl2 Easily decomi
(Hantsch and Shibata ) J

Cobaltous potassitim sulphocyamde,

CoK2(SCN)4
Decomp by H20 (Treadwell, Z anorg

1901, 26 109 ) ^ « , - i

•f4H2O Sol m H20 Sol in methyl,
ethyl and amyl alcohol, in acetone and in
ether-f Aq Can be recryst from H20 or
alcohol without decomp (Rosenhemi and
Cohn, Z anorg 1901, 27 289 )

Cobaltous silver sulphocyamde, CoAg(SCN)3

+2H20

Decomp by H20 (Shinn and Wells, Am
Ch J 1903,29 476) TT ^

AgjCo(SCN)4 Almost insol in H2O an
in alcohol (Rosenheim, Z anorg 1901, 27
291)

Cobaltous sodium sulphocyamde,

Na2Co(SCN)4+8H20
Sol m H2O and in alcohol (Rosenhemi )

Cobaltous sulphocyamde ammonia, Co (SCN) 2
2NHS and Co(SC.N;2, 6NH3

(Peters, B 1908, 41 3178 )

Co(SCN)2, 4NH3 Sol m H20 and alcohol
(Sand, B 1903,36 1439)

mol
K.OSI

Cuprous sulphocyamde, CuSCN

1 1 H20 at 18° dissolves 0 004
or 0 5 mg CuSCJSf (Kohlrausch
Z phys Ch 1893, 12 241 )

Insol in dil acids SI sol in cold, easJ
m warm cone HCl+Aq Decomp by con
H2S04orHN03-fAq Sol with combmafao
in NBUOH+Aq Insol ui KSCN+A<

Less sol m H2S08 and H2SO4+Aq than i
HN08 (Kuhn, Ch Z 1908, 32 1056 )

Sol m Fe2(SO4)3+Aq (Johnson, J So«
Chem Ind 1889, 8 603 )

KSCN+Aq (85-90 g in 50 g H20) du
solves 18 g CuSCN (Thurnauer, B 189(
23 770)

Sol m ether (Skey, C N 1867, 16 201

Cupnc sulphocyamde, Cu(SCN)2

Decomp by H20 to cuprous salt Sol i
warm HC1, H2S04, or H]ST08+Aq Sol i
MSCN+Aq, but solutions decomp by dilt
tion Sol mNH4OH+Aq

Solubility in NH4OH+Aq at 25° and at 40°

At 25°

One gram of solution contains

1000 mols H_0 dissolve

Composition of solid

Sp gr 2o°/25

salt in contact with

g NH3

g Cu(SCN)

g HO

Mols NHs

Mols
Cu(SCN)2

solution

0 99853

0 2147

0 1522

0 6331

358 04

24 09

0 99871

0 1655

0 1124

0 7221

242 02

15 60

1 00703
1 01336

0 0993
0 0639

0 0798
0 0659

0 8209
0 8702

127 76
77 51

9 74
7 59

• Cu(SCN)2,r4NB

1 01506

0 0035

0 0622

0 8843

64 05

7 04

1 01705

0 0426

0 0596

0 8978

50 21

6 65

1 02132

0 0250

0 0511

0 9239

28 55

5 55

1 01661

0 0198

0 0408

0 9394

22 27

4 35

Cu(SCN)2, 2NB

1 OOS16

0 0079

0 0245

0 9676

18 61

2 54

At 40°

0 1802

0 1976

0 6222

306 28

31 83

0 1398

0 1658

0 6944

213 10

23 93

0 0758
0 OooO

0 1299
0 1207

0 7943
0 8243

101 00
70 59

16 38

14 67

• Cu(SCN),, 4NH

0 0435

0 1178

0 8388

54 82

14 07

0 0352

0 0876

0 8772

42 53

10 00

0 0257

0 0655

0 9088

30 00

7 22

0 0177

0 0418

0 9405

19 86

4 46

• Cu(SCN)2, 2NH

0 0094

0 0281

0 9625

10 31

2 93

(Horn, Am Ch J 1907, 37 471 )

Insol in methyl acetate
1909, 42 3790 )

(Naumann, B

Cuprocupnc sulphocyamde, Cu(SCN)2,

Not attacked by hot HCl+Aq Insol

KSCN+Aq

SULPHOCYANIDE, LEAD, BASIC

881

Cupnc mercuric sulphocyamde, CuHg(SCN)4
Almost insol in cold H2O and in alcohol,
si sol in boiling H2O (Rosenheim, Z anorg
1901,27 286)

CtiDrous potassium sulphocyamde, CuSCN,

Deliauescent Decomp byH2O (Thurn-
auer, B 1890, 23 770)

Cuprous sulphocyamde ammonia, Cu2(SCN)2,
2NE8

Decomp in the air (Richards, Z anorg
1898, 17 247 )

Cu2(SCN)2, 5NH8 Very unstable in the
air (Richards )

Cupnc sulphocyamde ammonia, Cu(SCN)2,
2NHs

Sol in little H2O, but decomp by dilution
-withpptn of basic salt Sol inNH4OH+Aq

By long standing a small amount dissolves
in H20 with separation of CuSCN (Litter-
scheid, Arch Pharm 1901, 239 337 )

Insol m H2O Sol in H2O containing
a small amount of ammonia (Horn, Am
Ch J 1907, 37 477 )

Cu(SCN)2, 4NHS Very unstable m the
air

Sol in H20, but decomp by much H2O
with pptn of a basic salt (Horn )

100 pts N/10 NH4OH+Aq dissolve 104
pts anhydrous salt at 25° (Pudschies, Dis-
sert)

Loses NH3 in the air

Sol m H2O (Kohlschutter, B 1904, 37
1156)

Decomp in the air and by H2O and dil
and cone acids, sol m cold cone HNO3 and
NH4OH+Aq Sol m boiling cone HC1
(Richards, Z anorg 1898, 17 250 )

Didymium sulphocyamde, Di(SCN)3-j-bH2O
Deliquescent, and sol in H2O

Erbium sulphocyamde, Er(SCN)3+()H2O
Deliquescent Sol in H20 (Hoglund )

Glucimun sulphocyamde, G1(SCN)2 (?)
Sol m H20 (Hermes, J pr 97 465 )

Gold (aurous) potassium sulphocyamde,

AuSCN, KSCN

Easily sol in H2O, less m absolute alcohol
(Cleve, J pr 94 16 )

Gold (aurous) potassium sulphocyamde

ammonia, KAu(SCN)2, 5NH3
(Peters, B 1908, 41 3178 )

Gold (auric) potassium sulphocyamde am-

monia, KAu(SCN)4, 4NH3
(Peters )

Gold (aurous) silver sulphocyamde, AuSCN,

AiSCN
Insol in H2O Sol in NH4OH+Aq

Gold (auric) potassium sulphocyamde
Sol m H2O, alcohol, and ether (Cleve )

Gold (aurous) sulphocyamde ammonia,

AuSCN, NH8
Very si sol in cold, decomp by hot H20

Iron (ferrous) sulphocyamde, Fe(SCN)2-f

3H2O

Very sol m H2O, alcohol, or ether
Sol m acetone (Krug and M'Elroy )

Iron (ferric) sulphocyamde, Fe(SCN)3+3H2O
Deliquescent Very sol in H2O, alcohol,
or ether Ether extracts the salt from
Fe(SCN)3+Aq Decomp by much H2O
if pure Not decomp by monobasic acids,
but cone H2S04, and H8PO4, also oxalic,
tartaric, mahc, etc , acids destroy the colour

Iron (feme )hthium sulphocyamde, Fe(SCN)8,

9LiSCN+4H20

More deliquescent than the other ferric
sulphocyamdes (Kruss and Moraht )

Iron (ferrous) mercunc sulphocyamde,

Fe(SCN) , Hg(SCN)2+2H20
Moderately sol in hot H2O (Cleve, J
pr 91 227)

Iron (feme) potassium sulphocyamde,
Fe(SCN)8, 3KSCN+sHaO

Extremely deliquescent, and sol in H20
(Kruss and Moraht )

Fe(SCN)3, 9KSCN+4H2O Hygroscopic
Sol m H20 without decomp Insol in pure
anhydrous ether, but decomp by ether con-
taining tiaces of H2O into Fe(SCN)8 and
KSCN (Kruss and Moraht, A 260 204 )

Iron (ferrous) sodium sulphocyamde,

Na4Fe(SCN)6-}-12H2O
Sol m HjO and alcohol (Rosenheun, Z
anorg 1901, 27 299 )

Iron (feme) sodium sulphocyamde, Fe(SCN)8,
9NaSCN-f4HoO

Less deliquescent than the corresponding
NH* or K salt (Kruss and Moraht )

Na3Fe(SCN)&-fl2H20 (Rosenheim, Z
anorg 1901, 27 297 )

Lanthanum sulphocyamde, La(SCN)s+

7H20
Deliquescent, sol in HoO (Cleve )

Lead sulphocyamde, basic,

6PbO, Pb(SCN)2+2H20 Ppt
Pb(SCN)2, PbO+H20 Insol in H20
(Stromholm, Z anorg 19041, 38 440 )

882

SULPHOCYANIDE, LEAD

Lead sulphocyamde, Pb(SCN)2

Nearly insol m cold, decomp by boiling
H20 (Liebig )

SI sol mH20

45X10 l g are dissolved m 1 liter of sat
solution at 20° (Bottger, Z phys Ch 1903,
46 603)

Lead sulphocyamde bromide, Pb(SCN)2,

8PbBr2
(Grissom and Thorp, Am Ch J 10 219 )

Lead sulphocyamde chloride, PbSCNCl
SI sol in cold, easily sol in hot H20

(Murtry, Chem Soc 56 50 )
Sol in H20 (Grissom and Thorp, Am

Ch J 10 229)

Lead sulphocyamde iodide, 3Pb(SCN)2, PbI2
Sol m H20 (Grissom and Thorp, Am
Ch J 10 229)

Lithium sulphocyamde, LiSCN

Very deliquescent Sol in H20 and alco-
hol (Hermes, Z Ch 1866 417 )

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3789 )

Magnesium sulphocyamde, Mg(SCN)2-f
4H20

Deliquescent Easily sol m H20 and
alcohol

Magnesium stannic sulphocyamde.

MgSn(SCN)6+6H20

Hygroscopic Sol m H20, alcohol and
acetone (weinland and Barnes. Z anorg
1909, 62 258 )

Manganous sulphocyamde, Mn(SCN)2-j-
3H20

Deliquescent Easily sol in H2O and
alcohol

Mercurous sulphocyamde, Hgo(SCN)2

Insol in H20 Sol in hot HCl-fAq
Slowly decomp by hot aqua regia Sol m
hotKSCN-f-Aq

Mercuric sulphocyamde, basic, Hg(SCN)2,
3HgO

Insol m H20 Easily sol m HCl+Aq
Insol in H S04 or HN03+Aq (Fleischer )

Hg(SCN)2, 2HgO Insol in H20 SI
attacked by acids (Claus, J pr 15 401 )

Mercuric sulphocyamde, Hg(SCN)2
Very si sol m cold, much more easily m

hot HO Easily sol m dil HCl+Aq

(Crookes, Chem Soc 4 18 )
Solubility in H20 = 000218 mol in 1 1

(Grossmann, Z anorg 1904, 43 358 )

B *1908 S41

Very si sol m H2O at 25° Appreciat
sol only in boiling H2O (Jander IW
1902 ) ' e

Sol in Hg(NO8)2 or KSCN+Aq also
NH4Cl-f-Aq Sol in many sulphoqyanic
+Aq

Easily sol in cold HC1, NH4C1, KC1
BaCl2+Aq (Hermes, J pr 1866, (1) •
477 ) ' V )

Very sol ui liquid ISlHs (Frankhn A
Ch J 1898, 20 829 )

SI sol HI benzomtrile (Naumann
1914, 47 1369 )

Mercuric hydrogen sulphocyamde.

Hg(SCN)2, 2HSCN
Easily decomp (Hermes, Dissert 186

Mercuric nickel sulphocyamde, Hg(SCN
Ni(SCN)2+2H20 ^

Moderately sol in hot H2O (Cleve
pr 91 227 ) '

Very sol in MSCN+Aq (Orloff, C
1906, I 1411 )

Mercunc potassium sulphocyamde,
Hg(SCN)2, KSCN

Sol in cold, more easily in hot H20 £
m alcohol and ether Very sol in NILC]
KCl+Aq (Claus)

K2Hg(SCN)4 Very sol in H20, sol
alcohol

Insol in anhydrous ether (Rosenhe
Z anorg 1901, 27 285 )

Mei curie rubidium sulphocyamde.

Hg(SCN)2, RbSCN

Sol in alcohol without decomp Decor
byH20

Hg(SCN)2, 2RbSCN4-HH20 Easily
in H20 without decomp (Grossmann,
1904, 37 1259 )

Mercuric sodium sulphocyamde,

Na2Hg(SCN)3
Very hydroscopic (Rosenheim, Z anc

ery
1, 27

1901, 27 286 )

Mercunc zinc sulphocyamde, Hg(SClS

Zn(SCN)2

Scarcely sol in cold H20 Easily sol
HCl+Aq (Cleve )

Mercunc sulphocyamde ammonia,

2Hg(SCN)2, 3NH34-MH20
Decomp by H20 and alcohol
Hg(SCN)2, 4NH3 (Peters, B 1908,

3178)

Mercunc sulphocyamde ammonium bromii

Hg(SCN)2, NH^r

Decomp by H20 Sol in alcohol (Grc
mann, Z anorg 1903, 37 418 )

SULPHOCYANIDE, POTASSIUM

883

Mercunc sulphocyamde ammonium chloride,

Hg(SCN)2, NH4C1

Deocmp by H20 Sol in warm alcohol
from which it can be cryst (Grossmann)

Mercunc sulphocyamde bromide, HgSCNBr
Insol in cold H20, sol in hot H2O and in
alcohol (Rosenheim, Z anorg 1901, 27
282)

Mercunc sulphocyamde chloride, HgSCNCl
Insol in cold H20
Sol m hot H20 and alcohol (Rosenheim )

Mercunc sulphocyamde potassium bromide,

Hg(SCN)2, 2KBr

Very sol m H2O (Grossmann, Z anorg
1903, 37 418 )

Mercunc sulphocyamde potassium chloride,
Hg(SCN)2, KC1

Decomp by H20

Not decomp byrecryst from warm alcohol
(Grossmann )

Molybdenum sulphocyamde, Mo(SCN)3(?)

Sol in H20 and ether (Braun, Z anal 6
36)

Molybdenum potassium sulphocyamde,

K8Mo(SCN)6+4H20
Cryst from boiling H2O arid alcohol
Chilesotti, Gazz ch it 1904, 34 (2) 493 )

Molybdenum sodium sulphocyamde,

Na3Mo(SCN)6+12H2O
(Rosenheim, B 1909, 42 154 )

Molybdenum thallous sulphocyamde,

MoTl3fSCN)6

(Rosenheim and Gaifunkel, B 1908, 41
>388)

Molybdenum sulphocyamde zinc amine,

2Mo(SCN)6, 3Zn(NH3)4

(Rosenheim and Garfunkel, B 190S, 41
>390)

2Mo(SCN)6(OH), Zn,(NHa)n Can be
ryst from boiling NH4OH-hAq Air-dried
alt probably has the composition
>Mo(SCN)6 (OH), 3Zn(NH3)4+2H20 (Maas
md Sand. B 1908, 41 1510 )

2Mo(SCN)6(OH), Zn3(NH3)i3 (Maas and
>and)

ftckel sulphocyamde, Ni(SCN)

Sol in H2O (Grossmann, B 1904, 37
»65 )

4->iH2O Sol m H2O and alcohol Insol
a acetone (Krug and M'Elroy )

+1HH20 Sol in H20 (Rosenheim
£d Cohn, Z anorg 1901, 27 292 )

Nickel potassium sulphocyamde,

KJSri(SCN)6+4H20
Sol in H2O with decomp
SI sol in cold, easily sol in hot alcohol
(Rosenheim, Z anorg 1901, 27 292)

Nickel sodium sulphocyamde,
NiNa2(SCN)4+8H20

Sol in H2O with decomp

SI sol cold, readily sol hot alcohol
(Rosenheim, Z anorg 1901, 27 292)

Nickel sulphocyamde ammonia, Ni(SCN)2,

3NH8

(Peters, B 1908,41 3178)
Ni(SCN)2, 4NH3 Decomp by H2O

Platinous sulphocyamde, Pt(SON>(?)

Insol in H2O

See Platinosulphocyanides, and Platuioso-
sulphocyamdes

Potassium sulphocyamde, KSCN

Deliquescent Very sol in H20 100

pts H2O dissolve 177 2 pts at 0°, and 217 0

pts at 20°

100 g sat, KSCN-fAq contain 70 5 g

KSCN at 25° (Foote, Z phys Ch 1903, 46

81)

150 pts KSCN +100 pts H2O at 108°

lower the temp 34 5° (Rudorff, B 2 68 )

Solubility of KSCN -f AgSCN at 25°

KS&N

\gSfcN"

Solid phase

70 53

0 00

KSCN

66 55

9 32

KSCN+2KSCN, AgSCN

64 47

10 62

2KSCN, AgSCN

61 25

11 76

it

58 34

13 55

tt

53 21

17 53

(C

50 68

20 43

2KSCN, AgSCN+KSCN,

AgSCN

49 43

20 32

KSCN, \gSCN

32 51

18 34

(C

24 68

16 41

(C

23 86

16 07

KSCN, AgSC\ + 4,gSCN

(Foote, Z phys Ch 1903, 46 81 )
See aho AgSCV

Sol m alcohol, especially easily if boiling
Sol in acetone (Krug and M'Elroy )
Sol in liquid S02 (Walden, Z anorg

1902, 30 160 )
100 g acetone dissolve 20 75 g KSCN at

22°, and 20 40 g at 58°

100 g amyl alcohol dissolve 0 18 g KSCN

at 13°, 1 34 g at 65°, 2 14 g at 100°, 3 15 g

at 133 5 °

100 g ethyl acetoate dissolve 0 44 g KSCN

at 0°, 0 40 g at 14°, 0 20 g at 79°
100 g pyndme dissolve 6 75 g KSCN at
, 6 15 g at 20°, 4 97 g at 58°, 3 88 g at

884

SULPHOCYANIDE, POTASSIUM MOLYBDENYL

97°, 3 21 g at 115° (Laszcynski, B 1894;
27 2285)

100 g acetomtrile dissolve 11 31 g KSCN
at 18° (Naumann and Schier, B 1914, 47
249

SI sol in benzonitnle (Naumann, B
1914,47 1369)

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3789)

Potassium molybdenyl sulphocyanide,

3KSCN, Mo(OH)(SCN)3-f 4H20
Sol an H20 (Sand and Maas, B 1908,
41 1506)

Potassium silver sulphocyamde, KSCN,
AgSCN

Decomp byH20

See Dcnk under KSCN

2KSCN, AgSCN Stable in the air
(Wells, Am Ch J 1902, 28 265 )

See Donk under KSCN

3KSCN, AgSCN (Wells)

Potassium stannic sulphocyamde,
K2Sn(SCN)6-f4H20

Very sol in H 0

Sol m alcohol and acetone (Wemland
and Barnes, Z anorg 1909, 62 258 )

Potassium titanyl sulphocyamde,
2KSCN, TiO(SCN)2+H20
Sol m cold H 0 without immediate de-
comp but slowly decomp (Rosenheun and
Cohn, Z anorg 1901, 28 169 )

Potassium vanadium sulphocyamde,
3KSCN, V(SCN)3+4H20

Sol m H 0 Sol in alcohol with a green
color SI sol m ether (Ciocci, Z anore
1898.19 309)

Sol in H O with decomp , stable m aq
solution in the presence of an excess of KSCN,
sol in alcohol (Locke, Am Ch J 1898, 20

Potassium vanadyl sulphocyamde,

X VO(SCN)4+5H 0

Sol m H 0, alcohol, ether, amyl alcohol
and eth\l acetate (Koppel, Z anorg 1903,
36 292)

Potassium zinc sulphocyamde, 2KSCN
ZmSCV) +3H20

Easih sol m alcohol (Walden, Z anorg
1900, 23 374 )

Potassium sulphocyamde mercuric bromide,

KSCN, HgBr
"Verj sol m H 0
Sol in alcohol (Grossmann, B 1902,

2KSCN, HgBr Very sol m H20 Sol
m alcohol (Grossman )

Pdtassium sulphocyamde mercuric

2KSCN, Hgls
Undecomp by solution i

+2H20 Decomp by H20
Pogg, 1867, 131 94 )

Sihcon sulphocyamde, Si(SCN)4
Decomp by H2O and alcohol
Sol m CS2, CHCls and ligroin,

Proc Chem Soc 1906, 22 17}

Silver sulphocyamde, AgSCN

I 1 H20 dissolves 108X106 s mo]
AgSCN at 25° (Ktister and ThieL Z anor
1902, 33 139 )

II H20 dissolves 1 25X10 6 gram-atou

Chicle2?! )(AbeggMldCox'Z^

SI sol ni H20 1 liter of sat solution
1996° contains 137X104 g (Bottee
Z phys Ch 1903,46 603)

64 milligrams are dissolved in 1 liter
sat solution at 100° (Bottger. Z phvs C
1906, 66 93 ) P y

Solubihty product of AgSCN is 049 ai
1 16X10 12 mols per 1 at 18° and 25° i
spectively (Kirschner, Z phys Ch 191
79 245)

Solubihty in H20 = 12X106 g mol n
liter at 25° (A E Hill, J Am Chem Sc
1908, 30 74 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 000025 g AgSCN
21° (Whitby, Z anorg 1910, 67 108 )

Insol m acids, excepting cone H2S04
HNO3 Insol in dil , sol in cone NH4OH
Aq Sol in KSCN+Aq Insol in AgN<
or NH4SCN+Aq Sol in Hg2(N03)2
Aq

Solubility in KSCN at 25°

Mol KSCN m 1 litre

1 25
1 20
1 12
1 066
0 626
0 573

g AfcbCN in 1 litre

22 34
19 93
16 18
10
80
06

14
2
2

(Hell wig, Z anorg 1900, 25 184 )

Solubility m N/10 KSPN+Aq at 18°-.
X10 4 (Kirschner, Z phys Ch 1912, <
247)

See also KSCN

1 1 of a 3-N solution of AgNO3 dissoh
0 432 g AgSCN at 25° Nearly insol in Ic
dil solution (Hellwig, Z anorg 1900, 5
179 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann.
1909,42 3790)

Insol in ethyl acetate (Hamers, Disse
1906, Naumann, B 1910,43 314)

SULPHOCYANIDE, TIN

885

Silver strontium sulphocyamde, 2AgSCN,

Sr(SCN)2+2H20

Stable m the air (Wells, Am Ch J 1902,
28 270 )

Silvei zinc sulphocyamde, 2AgSCN,

Zn(SCN)2
Decomp by hot H2O (Wells)

Silver sulphocyamde ammonia, AgSCN,

2NH3
Decomp by H2O

Samarium sulphocyamde, Sm(SCN)34-6H20
Very dehquescent (Cleve )

Sodium sulphocyamde, NaSCN

Very dehquescent Very sol in H20 and
alcohol

Sol m benzomtnle (Naumann, B 1914,
47 1369)

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3789 )

Sodium stannic sulphocyamde, Na2Sn(SCN)6

-f-6H2O

Very sol m HoO Sol m alcohol and ace-
tone (Weinland and Barnes, Z anorg 1909,
62 257 )

Sodium vanadium sulphocyamde, 3NaSCN,

V(SCN)3-M2H20

Very hygroscopic Sol in H2O and alcohol
(Ciocci, Z anorg 1898, 19 313 )

Strontium sulphocyamde, Sr(SCN)2+3H20

Very deliquescent, and sol in H2O and
alcohol

Strontium stannic sulphocyamde, SrSnfSCNJe

Sol m H>0, alcohol and acetone (Wein-
land and Bimcs, Z moig 1909, 62 259 )

Thallium sulphocyanide, 11SCN

SI sol in H () 3 15 £ aro contuned in
1 htei of sit solution at 20°, 3 905 g at 25 ,
7269g at 39 75° In&ol m alcohol (Bott-
ger, Z phys Ch 1903,46 603)

Titanyl sulphocyamde, liO(SCN)2+2H2O
Sol in cold H^O

Tin (stannous) sulphocyamde, Sn(SCN)2
Sol m H20 and alcohol (Classen, J pr 96

349)
Sol m cold H2O (Rosenheim, Z anorg

1901, 28 168 )

Yttrium sulphocyamde, Y(SCN)3+6H20

Not dehquescent Very sol in H20, al
cohol, or ether

Zinc sulphocyamde, Zn(SCN)2

Less sol m. H20 and alcohol than most other
jyamdes

Zinc sulphocyamde ammonia, Zn(SCN)2,

12NH3
Decomp by H O Sol m NH4OH-{-Aq

Sulphocyanoplatimc acid
See Platmosulphocyanhydnc acid

Sulphocyanoplatinous acid
See Platmososulphocyanhydnc acid

Sulphohypophosphonc acid

Aluminum sulphohypophosphate, A12(PS3)3

Unstable in the air Sol in H2O with de-
comp (Fnedel, C R 1894, 119 262 )

Cadmium - , Cd2P2S6

Partially decomp in moist air Decomp
by H20, cold HN03 or alkalis +Aq (Fer-
rand, A ch 1899, (7) 17 423, Bull Soc 1895,
(3) 13 116 )

Chromium - , Cr2P2S6

Insol mHNOs Very si attacked by aqua
regia (Feriand )

Cupnc - , Cu P Sb

Ppt (Fnedel, C R 1894, 119 2b2 )

, Fe P

Iron (ferrous)

Sol m HNOs and in a nmtuie of H\OS
with KClOs (Fnedel )

Lead , Pb P SG

Not decomp by boiling H O ( I nedel )

Mercuric , Hg P &b

Slo\vly dtcomp by boiling HO, moie
i apidly by IvOH -f- -Vq ( Ti ledcl )

Nickel •, Ni P Sh

Not attacked by boiling H O 01 hot 01 cold
acidb SI attacked by aqua i egia (ten and,
A. ch 1899, (7) 17 416 )

Silver , Ag4P>S6

Ppt (Fnedel, C R 1894, 119 2b3 )

Tin (stannous) hypophosphate — • — , SnPS3

Decomp by boiling B^O Sol m dil KOH
+Aq (Fnedel, C R 1894, 119 264 )

Tin (stannic) , SnP2S6

Easily decomp by boiling H2O Sol m
dil KOH+Aq (Fnedel)

886

SULPHOHYPOPHOSPHATE, ZINC

Zinc sulphohypophosphate, Zn2P2Se

Decomp in moist air Insol inH20 Par-
tially decomp by boiling H20 Violently
attacked by Hl\0a Sol inaquaregia Not
attacked by HC1 (Ferrand, A ch 1899,
(7) 17 421 )

Zinc , Zn2P2S6

Insol in H20 Partly decomp by boiling
H20 Not decomp by HC1 or HNOS but by
aqua regia (Ferrand, BuU Soc 1895, (3) 13
115)

Sulphomolybdic acid

Ammonium sulphomolybdate, (NH4)2MoS4

Easily sol in H20, very si sol in alcohol
(Berzelms, Pogg 83 261 )

Ammonium cupnc sulphomolybdate
SI sol in H20 (Debray, C R 96 1616 )

Barium sulphomolybdate, BaMoS4
More sol in H 0 than BaMo8Sio Known

only in solution (Berzehus )
BaS, 3MoS3=BaMo8Si0 SI sol in cold,

easily sol in hot H20 Not decomp by cone

cold HN03-fAq, but more easily by dil

HNOaH-Aq (Berzehus )

Cadmium sulphomolybdate
Insol in H 0 (Berzehus )

Caesium sulphomolybdate, Cs2S, 3MoS4-f

7H2O

•Vs Rb comp (Herschfinkel, Dissert 1907 )
3Cs2S, 5MoS4 (Herschfinkel )

Calcium sulphomolybdate, CaS, 3MoSs

Sol in H O (Berzehus )

CaMoS4 More sol in H20 than CaS,
3MoSs Kno^n onl\ in solution (Berzehus )

Cerium sulphomolybdate
Precipitate (Berzehus )

Cobalt sulphomolybdate, CoMoS4
Sol in K MoS4-hAq (Berzehus )

Cupnc sulphomolybdate
(Debw , C R 96 1616 )

Ferrous sulphomolybdate, FeMoS4
Sol in H 0 (Berzehus )

Feme sulphomolybdate, Fe (MoS4)3
Sol in K MoS4+Aq

Lead sulphomolybdate
Ppt (Berzehus )

Lithium sulphomolybdate

Not deliquescent, but very easily sol i
H20 (Berzehus )

Magnesium sulphomolybdate, MgMoS4
Sol in K2MoS4+ Aq (Berzehus )

Manganous sulphomolybdate, MnMoS4
Sol in H2O (Berzehus )

Mercurous sulphomolybdate, Hg2MoS4 (?
Ppt

Mercunc sulphomolybdate, HgMoS4
Insol in K2MoS4+Aq

Nickel sulphomolybdate, NiMoS4
Sol inK2MoO4+Aq (Berzehus)

Potassium sulphomolybdate, basic, JK6Mo

Easily sol in H20 Insol in alcohol i
ether (JKruss, B 16 2050)

Potassium sulphomolybdate, K2MoS4

Sol in H20, from which it is precipita i
by alcohol (Berzehus )

Rubidium sulphomolybdate, 3Rb2S, 8MoS I
30H20

Very si sol in H2O Sol by additior
NH3 (Herschfinkel, Dissert 1907 )

5Rb2S, 6MoS2 (Herschfinkel )

Silver sulphomolybdate, Ag2MoS4
Ppt

Sodium sulphomolybdate, Na2MoS4

Sol in H20, and not precipitated by
cohol from aqueous solution (Berzehus )

Strontium sulphomolybdates

Exactly analogous to the Ba salts, wh
see (Berzehus )

Zinc sulphomolybdate

Ppt Insol mH2O (Berzehus)

Moftosulphomolybdic acid t

Sodium wottosulphomolybdate, Na2Mo08S
Rather hygroscopic Sol in H2O, for
deep blue solution with H2SO4 Sol
HCf2H302-hAq (Kruss, A 226 1 )

Disulphomolybdic acid

Ammonium dtsulphomolybdate,
(NH4)2Mo02S2

SI sol in cold, easily in hot H2O Ins
in sat NH4Cl+Aq and absolute alcohol

Aqueous solution is decomp by boih
(Bodenstab, J pr 78 186 )

SULPHONOSMATE, POTASSIUM

887

Potassium rfisulphomolybdate, K2Mo02S2

Verv sol in H2O and alcohol Sol in
ECsHsO.+Aq (Kruss, B 16 2046)

ynsulphomolybdic acid

Ammonium hydrogen Znsulphop2/romolyb-

<iate, NH4HMo2O4S8

Precipitate Insol in alcohol or CS
(Kruss, B 16 2047 )

Potassium hydrogen insulphopz/romolybdate,

KHMo204Ss

Very easily sol in H2O (Kruss, B 16
2048)

Sodium hydrogen insulphop^/romolybdate,

Precipitate Much more sol in H2O than
the NH4 compound (Kruss, B 16 2047 )

Potassium sulphomolybdate,

Sol in H2O, HC2H8O2, and H2S04 (Kruss,
B 17 1771 )

Pentasulphomolybdic acid

Potassium p^tasulphomolybdate, KMoS5

Sol in warm H2O (Hofmann, Z anorg
1896, 12 62 )

Persulphomolybdic acid, H2MoS5

Precipitate Insol in H20, alcohol, ether,
CS2, and acetic acid

Decomp slowly by hot H2S04 Sol in
warm KOH+Aq, and cold K2S-|-Aq Not
attacked by cold KSH+Aq, but dissolves
on warming (Kruss, B 17 1773 )

Ammonium persulphomolybdate,

(NH4)2MoS6

Very si sol in cold, more easily in hot
H20 Insol in NH4OH+Aq (Berzelms )

-, BaMofe6

Barium-
Insol in boiling H2O or dil HCl+Aq

(Berzel us )

Calcium

Difficultly sol in H2O (feerzehus )

Cerium •

Precipitate (Berzehus )

Ferrous

Insol in Fe salts +Aq, but sol mK2MoSfi+
Aq (Berzelms )

Feme -

Ppt

Lithium persulphomolybdate

SI sol in cold, easily sol in hot H2O
(Berzelms )

Magnesium

Insol precipitate (Berzehus)

Nickel

Ppt Sol in K2MoS5+Aq, from which it
separates in 24 hotirs (Berzelius )

Potassium , K2MoS6

Almost insol in cold, more sol in hot HaO
Insol in cold KOH+Aq (Berzelius )

Potassium hydrogen , KHMoSs

Sol inH20 (Kruss)

Sodium , Na2MoSfi

SI sol m cold, easily in hot H20
zehus )

(Ber-

Sodium hydrogen -

(Kruss )

-, NaHMoSfi

Persulphomolybdic acid, HMoS6

Sol m H2O (Hofmann, Z anorg 1896,
12 59)

Ammonium •, NH4MoSe+H20

SI sol m H2O and in alcohol with decomp
(Hofmann )

Caesium , CsMoSe

Almost insol in H->0 (Hofmann )

Potassium , KMoSe

Sol in H2O (Hofmann,)

Thallium •

-, TIMoSe

Insol in H2O (Hofmann )
Sulphonosmic acid

Potassium sulphonosmate,
7K2O, 4Os08, 10 S02

Sol m H2O (Rosenheim, Z anorg 1899,
21 127)

+3H2O Sol mH20 (Rosenheim)

+7H20 Easily sol m H2O, decomp in
aq solution at 70° (Rosenheim )

11K,0, 40s08, 14S02+7H2O Sol in H2O
(Rosenheim )

Sodium sulphonosmate.

3Na2O, Os08, 4S02+5H2O
Easily sol in H2O, decomp in aq solution
(Rosenheim )

Sulphopalladic acid

Potassium palladious sulphopalladate, K2S,

Pd2S, PdS2=K*Pd8S4
Insol in H20 Moderately cone HCl+Aq
dissolves out K without evolution of H2S
(Schneider, Pogg 141 526 )

Silver sulphopalladate, Ag2PdS8
(Schneider )

Silver palladious sulphopalladate, Ag2S,

Pd2S, PdS2=Ag2Pd3S4
Extraordinarily stable (Schneider )

Sodium sulphopalladate, Na2PdS8

Slowly sol in H20 Insol in alcohol
(Schneider, Pogg 141 520 )

Sulphophosphide of M
See M phosphosulphide

Sulphophosphamic acid,
See Thiophosphamic acid

OH

Sulphophosphocfoamic acid, P
See Thiophosphcwfeamic acid

Stdphophospho^namide, PS(NH2)3
JI See Thiophosphoryl Znamide

Sulphophosphonc acid, H3PS03
See Thiophosphonc acid
H3PS4 Known only in its salts

admium sulphophosphate, Cd8(PS4)2
Insol in H20, alcohol, ether, benze.
CS2, and HC2H802 Decomp by hot HC
Aq Very si attacked by dil H2S04+

lowlysol in hot HN03; rapidly in aqua n

T hot cone H2SO4 (Glatzel, Z anore

86)

Cuprous sulphophosphate, Cu3PS4

Insol in H20, alcohol, etc , also in HC
dil H2S04+Aq Decomp by HN03, a<
etc, not by KOH or NaOH+

Ammonium sulphophosphate,

Stable in the air (Ephraim, B 1911
44 3408)

Antimony sulphophosphate, SbPS4

Insol in H 0, alcohol, ethei, CS2, HC1+
Aq, dil HSO4+4q, CJIs, or HC2H302
Decomp by boiling with cone HNO3+Aq
H SO4, aqua regia, KOH, NaOH or NH4OH
(Glatzel, B 24 3886 )

Arsenic sulphophosphate,

Insol in H 0, alcohol HCl-f 4q, etc De-
comp b\ xv arm HN03, aqua regia. di
H S04 also sol m KOH or NH4OH-f Aq
(Glatzel, Z anoig 4 186)

Banum sulphophosphate, Ba3(PS4)2-fa;H20
(Ephraim, B 1911, 44 3409 )

Bismuth sulphophosphate, BiPS4

Insol in H 0, alcohol, ether, CS2, benzem
HC HS0 , or dil H2S04+Aq Decomp b
boiling HCl-f 4q, cone H>S04, HN03, o
aqua regia, also b} NaOH, KOH, or NH4OH
-f 4q (Glatzel, Z anorg 4 186 )

Ferrous sulphophosphate, Fes(PS4)2

Insol in H20, alcohol, ether, etc , inso]
HC1 or hot dil H2S04-j-Aq Decomp
HN03, aqua regia, or cone H2S04 ]
attacked by KOH or NH4OH+Aq (G

Lead sulphophosphate, Pb3(PS4)2

Insol in H20, alcohoL etc Decomp
warm HCl-f Aq, cone HNOg+Aq, not
tacked by NH4OH+Aq, si decomp byK<
-f-Aq (Glatzel )

Manganous sulphophosphate, Mn3(PS4)2
Insol in H20, alcohol, ether, benzene, C
or HC2H302 Not attacked by HC1+
Sol in HN03 or aqua regia, with separat
of S Not attacked by dil H2S04+.
(Glatzel, Z anorg 4 186 )

Mercuric sulphophosphate, Hg3(PS4)2

Insol in H20, alcohol, etc , also in H
dil HN03, or H2S04-f-Aq Not attacked
cone HNO3 or aqua regia, easily sol
HN03 +Br2 -f Aq (Glatzel )

Nickel sulphophosphate, Ni3(PS4)<>
As the ferrous salt (Glatzel )

Potassium sulphophosphate, K3PS4+H20
Easily sbl in H2O (Ephraun, B 1911,
3407)

Silver sulphophosphate, Ag3PS4

Insol m H20, alcohol, etc , also in H'
HN03. or dil H2SO4+Aq Decomp
cone H2S04, and aqua regia (Glatzel )

Sodium sulphophosphate, Na3PS4+8H 0

Decomp by H20

Sol in Na2S+Aq (Glatzel, Z ano
1905, 44 65 )

Thallous sulphophosphate, T13PS4

Insol in H20, alcohol, etc Sol m H<
dil H2S04+Aq, etc Not attacked i
NH4OH+Aq, si decomp by cone KOH
Aq (Glatzel )

SULPHOPHOSPHITE, SILVER

889

Xm (stannous) sulpaophosphate, Sn8(PS4)2
Insol in HaO, alcohol, etc Insol in dd
H2S04 or HCl+Aq Decomp by HNOS+
Aq, aqua regia, NH4OH, or KOH+Aq
(Glatzel )

Zinc sulphophosphate, Zns(PS4)2

Insol in H2O, alcohol, ether, etc Sol in
HCl+Aq or dil H2S04+Aq Easily at-
tacked by KOH-f-Aq, si decomp byNH4OH
+Aq (Glatzel)

Sulphopi/rophosphoric acid

Aluminum sulphopg/rophosphate, A12P2S7

Decomp in moist air

Violently decomp by H2O or acids (Fer-
rand, A ch 1899, (7) 429 )

Cadmium , Cd2P2S7

Decomp in moist air

Not attacked by cold acids (Ferrand )

Chromium , Cr2P2S7

Decomp in moist air

Not readily attacked by acids (Ferrand )

Cuprous , Cu4P2S7

Not attacked by cold H2S04 or boiling

HC1 (Ferrand )

Sol m hot cone HN03 (Ferrand )
Sol in alkalies, and in all acids except HC1

(Ferrand, C R 1896, 122 886 )

Ferrous , Fe2P2S7

Insol in cold acids

SI attacked by boiling HC1 or hot KOH-f-
Aq

Decomp by fused KOH (Ferrand. A
ch 1899, (7) 17 410)

Lead , Pb>P2S7

Not attacked by cold HN03 (Ferrand,)

Mercurous , Hg4P2S7

Decomp by moist an or hot HN03 (Fei-
rand )

Almost msol in acids, decomp by H20
and moist an (J'enand, C 11 1896, 122

Nickel - , Ni2P2S

Decomp by H2O and by cone HNO3 at
150° m a sealed tube (Ferrand. A ch
1899, (7) 17 418)

Silver

Ag4P2S7
Not decomp by H20
Decomp by aqua reg

Not attacked by

Zinc - , Zn2P2S7
Decomp in moist air
Decomp by H2O

(Ferrand )

Violently attacked by cold HN03 (Fer-
rand)

Sulphophosphorous acid,

H
H3PS02=SPOH(?)

OH

See Thiophosphorous acid
H3PS3 Known only in its salts

Aluminum sulphophosphite, A13(PS3)2

Very unstable

Decomp m the air (Ferrand. G R 1896,
122 622)

Barium sulphophosphite, Ba3(PS3)2-j-a;H20

Sol m dil acids

Insol m alcohol (Ephraim, B 1911. 44
3412)

Chromous sulphophosphite, Cr8(PS3)2

Easily attacked by hot cone HNT03 or
aqua regia

Decomp by boiling NaOH+Aq (Fer-
rand, A ch 1899, (7) 17 419 )

Quite stable in moist air, very slowly at-
tacked by acids (Ferrand, C R 1896, 122
622)

Cuprous sulphophosphite, Cu3PS3
Not attacked by H2O 01 hot cone HC1
SI attacked by cold fuming HN03
Violently attacked b> HNO3, aqua regia
and boiling cone H SO4

Not attacked by boiling NaOH-fAq
(Fenand, \ ch 1899, (7) 17 398 )

Fanly stable decomp b> damp air (Fer-
rand, C R 1896, 122 621 )

Iron (ferrous) sulphophosphite, Fe3(PS3),>

Ver\ stable and lesibts the action of alkalies
and acids (Fenand, C R 1896, 122 622 )

Insol m cold acids 01 hot NCI

Sol m hot fuming HIS 03

Insol in hot 40rf KOH+ Vq (Ferrand,
A ch lcS99, (7) 17 412 )

Mercuric sulphophosphite, Hg3(PS3)

Decomp m moist au

Not attacked by cold HNO3 Decomp
by hotHNOj (ten and)

Unstable in the ui

Veiy slowly attacked b> acidb (Fenand,
C R 1896, 122 622 )

Nickel sulphophosphite, Ni3(PS3)2
Unstable in the an
Attacked slowly by HN03 (Ferrand )

Silver sulphophosphite, Ag3PSs

Insol in most leagents (Ferrand C R
1896, 122 622 )

Not decomp by H2O

Not easily attacked by acids (Ferrand,
A ch 1899, (7) 17 414 )

890

SULPHOPHOSPHITE, SODIUM

Sodium sulphophosphite, Na3PS3+rcH20

Very sol in H20, probably with decomp
(Ephraim, B 1911,44 3410)

Zinc sulphopnosphite, Zn3(PS8)2

Decomp in moist air

SI attacked by H20

Decomp by HN03 (Ferrand, A ch
1899, (7) 17 422 )

Very unstable in the air, and attacked
violently by acids (Ferrand, C R 1896,
122 622 )

Sulphoplatimc acid, H2Pt4S6
Insol in H30, but decomp on air

(Schneider, Pogg 138 604 )
H^tjSe Insol in H20, but decomp

very rapidly on air (Schneider )

Copper sulphoplatmate, 2CuS, 2PtS, PtS2

Insol m H2O HC1, HNO8, or aqua regia
dissolve out part of the Cu (Schneider,
Pogg 139 661)

Lead sulphoplatinate, 2PbS, 2PtS, PtS2
Insol m hot or cold H2O or HCl+Aq

HNOa+Aq dissolves out Pb partly, aqu
regia dissolves completely with difficult
(Schneider, Pogg 139 662)

ty

Mercuric sulphoplatinate chloride, 2HgS,

2PtS, PtS2, 2HgCl2

Insol in H20, not attacked by HCl+Aq,
and only partially sol m boiling aqua regia
(Schneider )

Potassium sulphoplannate, K Pt4S6

Insol in H 0 HCl+Aq dissolves out K

without evolution of H S

Composition its potassium platinous sul-

phoplatinate, K S, 3PtS, PtS2 (Schneider,

Pogg 138 604)
K

PtS

Silver sulphoplatinate, 24.g2S, 2PtS, PtS2
Insol in H20or HCl+Aq HN03+Aq
dissoh es out Ag on warming Aqua regia
decomp with formation of AgCl (Schnei-
der, Pogg 138 664 )

Sodium sulphoplatinate, Na4Pt3S6 = 2Na2S.
2PtS, PtS

Decomp by hot H20, with residue of
PtS (Schneider )

NaaPt&-\aS, PtS, 2PtS2 Insol in
H2O (Schneider, J pr (2) 48 418 )

Thallium sulphoplatinate, 2T12S, 2PtS, PtS2
Insol in cold HO Dil acids dissolve out
all the thallium (Schneider, Pogg 138
626 )

Sulphoplatinous acid, H2PtS2

Known only in solution in H20, whi<
soon decomposes (Schneider. J nr (
48 424) V

Sodium sulphoplatuute, Na2PtS2
Sol in ilaO with decomp (Schneider

pr (2) 48 420 )
H4Na2(PtS2)3 Sol in H20, from which

is pptd by alcohol (Schneider )

Sulphoselenantimonous acid
See Selenostdphantononous acid

Sulphoselenarsemc acid
See Selenosulpharsemc acid

Sulphoselenostanmc acid
See Selenosulphostanruc acid

Sulphoselenoxyarsemc acid
See Selenosulphoxyarsemc acid

Sulphoselenyl chloride, SSe03Cl4

Dehquescent , decomposed by HoO (Clau
mtzer, B 11 2007 )

Metasulphosilicic acid

Sodium wetasulphosikcate, Na2SiS3

Decomp by H2O (Hempel, Z anori
1900, 23 41 )

Sulphostanmc acid, H2SnS3

Ppt (Kuhn, A 84 110 )

Does not exist (Storch, W A B 91
2b 236)

Ammonium sulphostannate, (NH4)2S.
3SnS2+6H20

Easily sol in H2O, and easily decomj
(Ditte, C R 95 641 )

(NH4)2SnS3+3H20, and +7H20 D<
comp by acid (Stanek, Z anorg 1898, 1
124)

Barium sulphostannate, BaSnS3+8H2O
Sol m cold H20 (Ditte, C R 95 641 )

Calcium sulphostannate, 2CaS, SnS2+14H2C
Sol m H2O (Ditte, C R 95 641 )

T^raplatinous sulphostannate, 4PtS, SnS2

Not decomp by acids (Schneider. J p
(2) 7 214 )

Platinum potassium sulphostannate, 3PtS

K2S, SnS2

Insol in cold H2O Dil HC1 or HC2H3C
+Aq dissolves out all the potassium (Set
neider, Pogg 136 109 )

SULPHOSTANNATE, PLATINUM SODIUM

891

Platinum sodium sulphostannate, 3PtS,

Na2S, SnS2

Insol in cold H2O (Schneider, Pogg 136
109)

Potassium sulphostannate, K2SnS3
Sol inH20 (Kuhn,A 84 110)
+3H20 (Ditte, C R 95 641 )
K4SnS4+4H2O Sol in H20 pptd by

alcohol (Wemland, Z anorg 1898, 17 419 )

Sodium sulphostannate, Na2SnS8+2H2O
SI sol in H2O (Kuhn, A 84 110 )
+3H20 (Ditte, C R 96 641 )
+7H20 Sol in H20 (Honng, Zeitsch

Pharm 1851 120)
Na4SnS4 + 12H2O Melts in crystal H20 on

heating Very sol in H2O (Kuhn)

Strontium sulphostannate, SrSnS3+12H20
Sol inH20 (Ditte, C R 95 641 )

Thalhum sulphostannate, Tl4SnS4

Ppt Practically insol in H2O (Hawley.
J Am Chem Soc 1907, 29 1011 )

Disulphopersulphuric acid

Sodium disulphopersulphate, Na2S4Os
Sol in H2O Cryst m cold with 2H20

(Vilhers, C R 106 851, 1354 )
Contains 4H more and is sodium tetra-

thionate, NaS406, 2H2O (ViUiers, C R

108 402)

Sulphotellunc acid

Mercurous sulphotellurate, 3Hg2S, TeS2
Ppt

Mercuric , 3HgS, TeS2

Ppt (Berzelms )

Potassium , K2leS4

Sol in H20 (Oppenheim, J pr 71 279 )

Sodium

Sol in H2O (Oppenheim )

Sulphotellurous acid

Ammonium sulphotellurite, 3(NH4)2S, TeS2
Decomp on air Sol in H2O

Banum

Very slowly sol m H2O

Calcium

Somewhat sol in H2O

Cerium

Insol ppt

Copper -

Ppt

Ferrous •
Ppt

Ferric —
Ppt

Lead —
Ppt

Lithium

Sol in H2O

Magnesium

Sol in H2O and alcohol

Cobalt sulphoteUunte, Co3TeS6
Ppt

-, Cu3TeS6

Manganous

Ppt

Potassium , 3K S, TeS2

Sol in H2O

Silver , 3Ag S, TeS2

(Berzelms )

Sodium

Sol in H2O

Strontium

Sol in H2O

Zinc ., 3ZnS, TeS

Ppt (Berzehus )

Sulphotungstic acid

Ammonium sulphotungstate, (NH4)2WS4
Very deliquescent Easily sol in H2O, and

still more easily m NH4OH+Aq (Corleis.

A 232 244)

More sol m pure H2O than in H20 acidified

with HC1 Decomp slowly on air (Ber-

zelius )

Banum

Sol in BaS-fAq

Cadmium , CdWS4

Ppt (Berzehus )

Calcium

Sol in H2O and alcohol (Berzehus )

Cobalt , CoWS4

SI sol in H20

892

SULPHOTUNGSTATE, COPPER

Copper sulphotungstate, CuWS4
Ppt

Glucinum , G1WS4

Sol m H20(?)

Ferrous , FeWS4

Sol in H20

Feme

Ppt

Lead , PbWS4

Ppt (Berzelius )

Magnesium , MgWS4

Easily sol in H20 or alcohol

Manganous —
Sol in H20

(Berzelius )

Mercurous

Ppt (Berzehus )

Mercuric , HgWS4

Ppt (Berzehus )

Nickel , NiWS4

Ppt (Berzehus )

Potassium , K2WS4

Sol in H 0 Alcohol precipitates from
aqueous solutions, but is not entirely insol
m alcohol (Berzehus )

\erj sol in HO (Corleis, A 232 264)

Potassium • nitrate, K2WS4, KN03

\ erj sol in cold or hot H 0, from which
it is precipitated b> alcohol (Berzehus )

Potassium tungstate, K2W02S2==

K WS4, K T\ 04

Lasih bol m H 0 Not precipitated by
alcohol (Berzehus )

Is potassium fnsulphotungbtate, Ka\VOSs,
\\hichsee (Corleis, \ 232 244)

Silver , \g \\ S4

Ppt (Berzehus )

Sodium , Na*\\S4

\ er\ sol m H 0 , less bol m alcohol (Ber-
zehus )

\ en dehquescent (Corleis, \ 232 264 )

Strontium

Sol m H 0, and in Srb+ \q

Stannous , Sn\\ b4

Ppt (Berzehus )

Stannic , SnT\ b

Ppt (Berzehus )

Zinc sulphotungstate, ZnWS4

Sol m H20 with subsequent pptn (] N
zehus)

Moftosiilphotungstic acid

Potassium wowosulphotungstate,

K2WOS+H20

Dehquescent in moist air Very sol n
H20 (Corleis, A 232 244 )

Zhsulphotungstic acid

Ammomtim ^sulphotungstate, (NH4)2WO 2
Sol in H20 and alcohol (Berzehus )
Decomp easily when moist (Corleis I

232 264)

rnsulphotungstic acid

Potassium Znsulphotungstate, K2WO£ h

H20

Hygroscopic Effloresces on dry air d
easily decomposed Easily sol in H20 (( r
leis, A 232 244 )

Sulphovanadic acid, V2O6, 3S03+3H2C

See Vanadiosulphunc acid, and Sulph ,
vanadium

Sulphovanadates

Alkali sulphovanadates are sol in H )
Ca, Sr, and Ba sulphovanadates are si so] n
H20, and all other sulphovanadates are m 1

H20 (Berzelius )

Ammonium sulphovanadate, (NH4)3VS4
Easily sol m H2O Very si sol in cc

NH4SH+Aq Insol in ether, CS2, or CH< ,

(Kruss and Ohnmais, A 263 46 )
See also Sulphoxyvanadic acid

Sodium pentasuLphopy/ ovanadate, Na4V20 5
Hydroscopic, sol in II O with lapid >-
comp (Locke, Am Ch J 1898, 20 375

Sulphoxyantimomc acid

Potassium sulphoxyantimonate. K2HSbC >
+2HUO

Sol in hot, less sol m cold H20 Decoi >
by cold H2O (Wemland and Gutmann, t
anorg 1898, 17 414 )

Sulphoxyarsenic acid, H«,As03S

Known only m aqueous solution (McC \
Am Ch J 10 459)

Ammonium worcosulphoxyarsenate.

(NH4)sAsS03+3H20

Decomp m the air, sol in H2O, decomp a
boiling (Wemland, B 1896,29 1009)

SULPHOXYARSENATE, SODIUM STRONTIUM

893

Very sol m H2O, insol in alcohol, decomp
maa solution and also m the air (Wemland,
Z anorg 1897, 14 53 )

Decomp m the air (McLauchlan, B
1901, 34 2166 )

Ammonium hydrogen monosulphoxyarsenate,

(NH4)2HAsS03
Ppt (McLauchlan, B 1901, 34 2168 )

Banum Twcwasulplioxyarsenate, BaHAs08+
10H2O

Ppt (Wemland, Z

(Preis, A 257 184 )
Ba3(AsS03)2+6H2O
anorg 1897, 14 54 )

Barium cfosulphoxyarsenate, Ba3(AsS2O2)2+
4H20

Ppt (Preis, A 257 185)

-f 6H2O (Weinland and Rumpf, Z anorg
1897, 14 64)

Barium potassium tfnsulphoxyarsenate,

KBaAsS30+7H20
Ppt (McCay, Z anorg 1904, 41 469 )

Banum sodium mo^osulphoxyarsenate,

BaNaAsS03-f-9H20
Ppt (Weinland, Z anorg 1897, 14 55 )

Banum sodium sulphoxyarsenate,

Ba7Na2As607Si4-fl2H2O
(McCay andFoster,Z anorg 1904,41 467)

Calcium /nsulphoxyarsenate, Ca3(AsS30)2-f-

20H20

Ppt (McCay and Foster, Z anorg 1904,
41 463 )

Potassium monosulphoxyarsenate, I\3AsS03
Hydroscopic (Weinland, B 1896, 29
109)

Sol in cone KOHH-Aq, fiee from carbon-
ate, very hydroscopic (Wemland, Z anorg
1897, 14 51 )

Potassium hydrogen mortosulphoxyarsenate,

Very hygroscopic (Wemland and Rumpf,
Z anorg 1897, 14 59 )

KH2AsS03 Sol in H20, solution slowly
decomp on standing (McCay, Am Ch J
10 459 )

Formula given by Bouquet and Cloez (A
ch (3) 13 44) is K2H4As2S3O5

Potassium cfosulphoxyarsenate, K3AsS2O2 +

10H20

Very hydroscopic, decomp by H20
(Wemland, Z anorg 1897, 14 63 )

Potassium Znsulphoxyarsenate, K3AsS30 +

7H2O

Yellow oil which cryst at —20° (McCay
and Foster, Z anorg 1904, 41 468 )

Sodium ?w0w0sulphoxyarsenate, Na3AsSOs-f-
12H20

Easily sol in H20 (Preis, A 257 180 )
(McLaughlan, B 1901, 34 2170 )

Sol in H2O (Weinland, B 1896, 29 1009 )

SI efflorescent Insol in alcohol (McCay,
Z anorg 1902.29 42)

Sol in NaOH-f Aq, decomp by boiling
with cone NaOH (Weinland, Z anorg
1897, 14 49 )

Sodium hydrogen raowosulphoxyarsenate,
NaH2AsSO3

Decomp by H20, insol in alcohol (Wein-
land, Z anorg 1897, 14 58 )

Na2HAsSO3+8HoO Easily sol in H20
(Preis )

Sodium ^sulphoxyarsenate, Na3AsS2O2+
10H20

Easily sol in H20 (Preis )

Sol m H2O. pptd by alcohol (McCay, B
1899,32 2472)

Not decomp by boiling NaOH-j-Aq
(Wemland, Z anorg 1897, 14 62 )

Insol in alcohol (McCay, Z anorg 1900,
26 461 )

-hllHaO (McLaughlan, B 1901, 34
2170)

Insol in alcohol (McCay, Z anorg 1902,
29 46)

Sodium frzsulphoxyarsenate, Na3AsS3O+

HHsO

Decomp by H O (McCay and Foster,
Z anorg 1904, 41 454 )

Sodium Znsulphoxycharsenate, 4s202S3,

3NaO+24H20

Easily sol m H 0 (Geuther, A 240 208 )
2As2O2S3, NaO+7H2O Sol in H2O

(Nilson, J pi (2) 14 14 )
Correct composition is Nas^SisS 40? +

30H2O (Preis )

Sodium sulphoxyarsenate, X

30H20 = 4Na 0, 6 A.S S , 3 \s S40 +
30HO

Decomp by H 0 Sol in NH4OH or KOH
-r-\q ( Preis, \ 257 187)

= Sodium ovy irisulpharsenate of ISilson

Sodium p( ntasvlphoxyteti arsenate,

Less sol in H 0 than other sulphoxy-
arsenates (Preis )

Sodium strontium /nsulphoxyarsenate,

NaSrAsS30-HOH2O

Unstable (McCay and Foster, Z anorg
1904,41 462)

894

SULPHOXYAZOTIC

Tnsulphoxyazofcc acid, ON(S03H)3
Known only in its salts (Glaus, A , 158

52 and 194 )
Has the formula (S03H)3N<§>\(SO3H)3

(Raschig, A 241 161 )
Potassium tosulphoxyazotate, ON(S03K)3+
H20 - (S03K)3N<°>N(S03K)3

Easily sol in H20 without decomp , even
on boiling (Glaus, A 157 210 )

Sulphoxyphosphorous acid,
H

SH
See Thiophosphorous acid

Sulphoxyvanadic acid
Ammonium

Sol UL H20 (Kruss and Ohnmais. A 263
53)

Potassium pi/rotaxastdphoxyvanadate,
K4V2SeO-h3H20

Melts in crystal H 0 (Kruss and Ohn-
maos)

K8V4SJ O2+3H20 More sol in H20 than
preceding comp (K and 0 )

Sodium 0rt7i02nsulphoxyvanadate. Na3VS30

-f5H20

Veiy deliquescent, and easily sol in H2O
Somewhat sol ni alcohol (Kruss and Ohn-
mais)

Sodium or//f0?rt0tt0sulphoxyvanadate.

Naa\ S03+10H20

Less sol m H 0 than other sulphoxyvana-
dates (K and 0 )

Sulphur, S

The \ anous modifications of sulphur have
been classified in man> different ways, and
there is a difference of opinion as to whether
certain forms are true allotropic modifications
or not

The data, as far as concerns the solubility,
ma> be arranged as follows —

A Sol in CS 1 Rhombic, octahedral, or
alpha sulphur, ordinary sulphur Easily
sol in CS , etc See below for solubility in
various soh ents

2 Prismatic, monoclimc, or beta sulphur
Sol in CS , but is com erted into \. 1 Pris-
matic sulphur obtained by melting brimstone
is not TV holl} sol in CS on account of admix-
ture of gamma sulphur

Monochmc modification is more sol than
rhombic in CHC13, ether and benzene (Meyer
C C 1903, II 481 )

0

3 Soft sulphur, milk of sulphur

4 Amorphous sol sulphur is also a «
rate modification, according to Berth

B Soft sulphur, obtained by strc
heating and quickly cooling, is sol in
but becomes insol therein by repeatedly
solving and evaporating More easily
in CS2 than A, 1

C Insol in GS2 1 By action of st
light on S in CS2

2 By heating to b -pt , cooling suddi
and allowing to stand until hard Has
called gamma sulphur, but is a nuxtui
2/s A, 4 and Vs insol S

3 Insol S in flowers of sudphujr (
verted into A 1 by standing 3 days
alcohol

According to Berthelot (A ch (3) 49
there are only two varieties of S I "C
hedral," II "Amorphous "

I Octahedral Sol in CS2 Scarcely a x
upon by KHSO3+Aq Converted by ox is
ing agents into II

II Amorphous Insol in neutral solve a
viz H20, alcohol, ether, CS2, etc

Sol with tolerable rapidity in KHS03H- q
By long action of Na2S+Aq, a portio u
dissolved, and the remainder converted fc<
I Less easily oxidised by HN03+Aq t u
I Some varieties of this modification n
sol to a certain extent in alcohol and et
and by boiling the rest of the sulphur is <
verted into I, also by long-continued <
tact with cold alcohol Berthelot holds 1
the modification i§ changed before dissolv
Solutions of the alkalies, alkali salts,
alkali sulphides change insol into sol sulp]
(Berthelot )

Elastic sulphur obtained by pouring r
ten sulphur at a temp of over 260° into I
contains 35% or more of a modification <
which is insol in CS2, hot or cold, but
in absolute alcohol, this modification
be converted back into ord sulphur by h<
mg to 100° (Pelouze and Fremy ) (
C 2)

This modification can be obtained i
by action of HC1 on thiosulphates (For
and Gelis)

The soft pasty sulphur obtained by decc
position of H2S by S02 forms an aim
clear emulsion (pesudo solution) with H
from which it is pptd by various salts <.
substances which have no chemical affix)
for it 23 pts S combine in this way w
100 pts H2O When pptd by saline sc
tions, some of the S remains in soluti
When solution is exposed to the light,
gradually separates out, also on boiling i
same takes place The above pseudo-so
tion is pptd by mineral acids, and the pp
S mav still be dissolved in fresh water, if i
left in contact for some time with the ac
Also pptd by K salts, with loss of pov
of forming pseudo-solutions Pptd by N
and Na salts without losing that pow

t

SULPHUR

895

Alkali hydrates, carbonates, or
convert it into msol S

The solution may be mixed with alcohol
without change Decomp by long shaking
with napthha or oil of turpentine The
pseudo-solution combines with CS2, forming
an emulsion which subsequently decomposes
The S itself is only partially sol in CS2
(Selmi, J pr 57 49 )

By treatment of amorphous "insoluble" S
with CS2 or CC14, a small part goes into solu-
tion, the amount being dependent on the tune
of contact with the temp , and nature of the
solvent, but independent of the amount of
the solvent It is assumed that this is due
to a partial change of the "insoluble" into
soluble S (Wigand, Z phys Ch 1910, 75
235)

"Delta ' sulphur Partly sol in H20
(Debus. Chem Soc 53 18 )

A colloidal form wholly sol in H2O exists,
which, however, decomposes very easily
(Engel, C R 112 866 )

Black sulphur Insol in alcohol, ether, CS2,
fatty oils even at 200°, cold alkali hydroxides
+Aq, H2S04, HN03, or aqua regia (Knapp,
J pr (2) 43 305 )

Green modification Five times more sol
than ordinary sublimed sulphur in a mixture
of sahcylaldehyde and benzene (Orloff, C C
1902,1 1264)

The following data relate to octahedral or
ordinarv sulphur (A 1) —

Sol in warm liquid H2S (Niemann), warm
P2S8, SBr2, SCI, Br, NCI,, BaS+Aq
(Dumas), in alcoholic solution of K2Ss, but
is repptd by addition of H2O to sat solu-
tion

Sol in liquid SO2

Sol in aqueous solution of alkali sulphates,
especially when hot SI sol in boiling cone
HSCN-hAq, from which it mostly separates
on cooling

Na2CO3+Aq (56% Na C03) dissolves no
S at 20° 0 06775% at 100° (Pohl, Dmgl
197 508 )

The solubility of S in Na2S+Aq between
0° and 50° diminishes slightly with increase
in temp , but increases with dilution of the
solution, having its largest value in a N/16
solution of Na S+Aq when the relation of
Na2S to dissolved S equals about 1 4 (Kus-
ter, Z anorg 1905, 43 56 )

Sol in AlBr3 (Isbekow, Z anorg 1913,
84 27 )

Insol in liquid CO2 (Buchner, Z phys
Ch 1906, 54 674 )

Sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch J
1898,20 822)

Sol in liquid NH3 1 gr S is sol m 3-4
com liquid NH3 (Hugot, A ch 1900, (7) 21
32)

The solubility of S in liquid NH8 is constant
from —23° to — 84° and equals 39 % (Ruff, Z
angew Ch 1910, 23 1830 )

Solubility in liquid N
(g S m 100 g solution )

t°

Si

t°

3

—78
—20 5
0

38 6
38 1
32 34

16 4
30
40

25 65
21 0
18 5

(Ruff and Hecht, Z anorg 1911, 70 62 )

SI sol m liquid NO* (Frankland, Chem
Soc 1901,79 1361)

S2C12 dissolves 66 74% S at ord temp to
form a liquid of 1 7 sp gr (Rose )

Solubility of S in S2C12 vanes according to
the variety of sulphur used Aten has pub-
lished an extended investigation on the sub-
ject, which see for details (Z phys Ch 1905-
14,54 86.124,81 268,83 443,86 1,88 321)

Solubility m SnCl4

100 g SnCU dissolve at
99° 101° 110° 110°
58 62 87 91pts solid S,

112° 112° 121°

94 99 17 Opts hquidS

(Gerardm )

Sol in alkalies -fAq with decomp
Sol m 1926 7 pts absolute alcohol at 15°
(Pohl, W A B 6 600 )

Sol in 20 pts hot nearh absolute alcohol less sol in
weaker alcohol (Laurogais )

Sol m 600 pts boiling alcohol of 40° B (Chevalher
J ch med 2 o87) in oOO pts alcohol (Meissner) 200
pts alcohol (Pelouze and Frem>)

100 pts absolute alcohol dissolve 0 42 pt
at b -pt , and 0 12 pt S at 16°, 100 pts ether
dissolve 0 54 pt at b -pt , and 0 19 pt S at
16°, 100 pts benzene dissolve 17 04 pts at
b -pt , and 1 79 pts S at 16°, 100 pts oil of
turpentine dissolve 16 16 pts at b -pt , and
1 35 pts ^ at 16°, 100 pts CS2 dissolve 73 46
pts at b -pt , and 38 70 pts & at 16°, 100 pts
naphtha dissolve 10 56 pts at b -pt , and
277 pts S at 16°, 100 pts tar-oil dissolve
26 98 pts at b -pt , and 1 51 pts S at 16°
(Payen, C R 34 456 )

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
0028 pt at 185°, 100 ptb absolute ethyl
alcohol dissolve 0053 pt at 185° (de
Bruyn, Z phys Ch 10 781 )

Solubility in amyl alcohol
95° 110° 110°
15 21 2 2 pts solid S,

112° 112° 120° 131°
26 27 30 53 pts liquid S
(Gerardm, A ch (4) 5 134 )

Quickly sol in 12 5 pts ether (Favre )

100 pts benzene dissolve 0 965 pt S at 26°,

100 pts benzene dissolve 4 377 pts S at 71°,

100 pts toluene dissolve 1 479 pts S at 23°,

100 pts ethyl ether dissolve 0 972 pt S at

896

SULPHUR

23 5°, 100 pts chloroform dissolve 1 205 pts
S at 22°. 100 pts phenol dissolve 16 35 pts
S at 1746, 100 pts aniline dissolve 85 27 pts
Sat 130° (Cossa, B 1 139)

Solubility m benzene at t°

—77° —845° —89° —116°
484 446 429 2 99 g S

(Arctowski, Z anorg 1896, 11 274 )
When 20 pts S dissolve in 50 ots H5

t°

JL, SinlOg of solution

15 17
19 29

0 1480
0 1692

(Bronsted, Z phys Ch 1906, 55 377 )

4, mixture of S and toluene separates into
two layers, containing 33 and 92 5% S re-
spectivelv (Haywood, J phys Ch 1897, 1
232)

Cbs dissohes 0 35 pt ordinary sulphur,
some varieties of S, hou ever, are not entirely

2 99 g S are sol in 100 grams C&> at—
(Arctowski, C R 1895, 121 124 )
Solubility in CS2
100 g of the sat solution contain at

22° the temp is lowered 5° (Cossa') ~ "u
Sat solution of S in CS2 boils at 5°
(Cossa )

Sp gr of S dissolved m CS2 at 15°
(Pts S per 100 pts CS2 )

sol m CS , thus —

Sp gr

Pts S

Sp gr

Pts S

Sp gr

P S

G o

°*o

1 271

0 0

1 312

9 9

1 352

1 6

^ anetA of Sulphur

tr ft

'i!

1 272
1 273

0 2

0 4

1 313
1 314

10 2

10 4

1 353
1 354

1 9
2 1

r§ c a

1 274

0 6

1 315

10 6

1 355

2 4

M

1 275

0 9

1 316

10 9

1 356

9 ft

Octahedral, from Sicih
Crjstallised m dn ^a\, re-

0 335

0 000

1 276
1 277

1 2

1 4

1 317
1 318

11 1
11 3

1 357
1 358

AJ \j
2 0
2 2

centh prepared
Do , prepared 8 \ ears
Do , prepared 9 \ ears
Do , prepared 15 \ears

0 415
0 33

0 029
0 004
0 020
0 051

1 278
1 279
1 280
1 281

1 6
1 9
2 1
2 4

1 319
1 320
1 321
1 322

11 6
11 8
12 1
12 3

1 359
1 360
1 361
1 362

2 5
2 8
2 1
2 3

Red needles, recenth prepared
Softjellou, do

0 382

0 023
0 353

1 282
1 283

2 6
2 9

1 323
1 324

12 6
12 8

1 363
1 364

2 7
2 0

Do , prepared 2 j ears
Soft red, recenth prepared

0 316

0 374

0 157
0 157

1 284
1 285

3 1
3 4

1 325
1 326

13 1
13 3

1 365
1 366

2 2
2 6

Do , prepared 5 \ ears

0 181

1 286

3 6

1 327

13 5

1 367

2 0

Flo\\ ers of sulphur

0 351

0 113

1 287

3 9

1 328

13 8

1 3b8

2 3

Do , another sample
Roll brimstone, outside

0 234
0 029

1 288
1 289

4 1
4 4

1 329
1 330

14 0
14 2

1 3b9
1 370

2 8
2 1

Do inside

0 073

1 290

4 6

1 331

14 5

1 371

2 6

1 291

4 8

1 332

14 7

1 372

2l 0

(Deville, V ch (3) 47 99 )

1 292

5 1

1 3o3

15 0

1 373

2< 5

1 293

5 3

1 334

15 2

1 374

2( 9

The pt msol m Cs it, sol in hot absolute

1 294

5 6

1 335

15 4

1 375

2 4

alcohol en stalhsmg on cooling, lebs sol m
chloroform or ether (De\ille )

1 295
1 296

5 8
b 0

1 336
1 337

15 b
15 9

1 376
1 377

2{ i
2* 5

1 297

6 3

1 33S

16 1

1 >78

2< 0

100 pts pure CS dissolve pts S at t°

1 298
1 299

6 5

6 7

1 339
1 340

16 4
16 b

1 379
1 380

2< 7
3( 2

t I ts fc» t°

Pts S

1 300

7 0

1 341

16 9

1 381

3( S

1 301

7 9

1*7 1

34

—11 16 o4 22

46 05

1 302

/ •"

7 5

1 343

1 / J

17 4

1 383

i

3 &

— 6 IS 75 38

94 57

1 303

7 8

1 344

17 6

1 384

3 6

0 23 99 48 5

146 21

1 304

8 0

1 345

17 9

1 385

3 2

-f-ld 37 lo o5

181 34

1 305

8 2

1 34b

18 1

1 386

3 S

IS o 41 bo

1 306

1 307

8 5

87

1 347

18 4

1 Q A

1 387

3' 5
3( •)

(Coss-H, B 1 138 )

-L OVJl

1 308

/

8 9

1 349

lo O

18 9

1 389

f I
3( 1

1 309

9 2

1 350

19 0

1 390

3( 7

Neither ordinary stick S nor flowers of S

1 310

9 4

1 351

19 3

1 391

3- 2

is completely sol m CS2 Pptd S is com-
t)letelv sol in *5 "nt^ OS« (Tt-i++£*-r\rmf r^ o

1 311

9 7

looTrT ™>T\ p 2 t-uttenger, C C

lore, 11 j£0/ )

(Mascagno, C N 43 192 )

SULPHUR

897

p gr of S dissolved in CS2 at 15° Water a

Solubility in organic solvents

4° — 1

Sat solution

Solvent

t°

contains % S

sp gr

%s

Sp gr

% s

Sp gr

% S

CS2

—61

3 6

2708

0 0

1 2736

0 6

1 2764

1 2

—55

4 4

2717

0 2

1 2745

0 8

1 2774

1 4

—19

10 6

2727

0 4

1 2755

1 0

1 2783

1 6

—18

10 8

2792

1 8

1 3096

8 0

1 3409

14 2

—17

11 5

2802

2 0

1 3105

8 2

1 3419

14 4

—13

12 4

2812

2 2

1 3115

8 4

1 3430

14 6

— 11

13 3

2822

2 4

1 3125

8 6

1 3440

14 8

—11

13 5

2832

2 6

1 3135

8 8

1 3450

15 0

— 2

17 2

2842

2 8

1 3145

9 0

1 3460

15 2

+ 3

19 5

2852

3 0

1 3155

9 2

1 3471

15 4

9

23 1

2862

3 2

1 3165

9 4

1 3481

15 6

11

23 7

2872

3 4

1 3175

9 6

1 3491

15 8

14

25 9

2882

3 6

! 1 3185

9 8

1 3502

16 0

17

27 2

2892

3 8

1 3195

10 0

1 3512

16 2

19

28 9

2901

4 0

1 3205

10 2

1 3522

16 4

20

28 5

2911

4 2

1 3215

10 4

1 3532

16 6

21

29 7

2921

4 4

1 3226

10 6

1 3543

16 8

26

33 4

2930

4 6

1 3236

10 8

1 3553

17 0

27

34 6

2940
2949

4 8
5 0

1 3246
1 3256

11 0
11 2

1 3563
1 3573

17 2
17 4

29
30 5

37 8
39 7

2959

5 2

1 3266

11 4

1 3584

17 6

33

42 2

2969

5 4

1 3277

11 6

1 3594

17 8

40

48 7

2978

5 6

1 3287

11 8

1 3604

18 0

44

53 2

2988

5 8

1 3297

12 0

1 3615

18 2

46

56 2

2998

6 0

1 3307

12 2

1 3625

18 4

48

57 5

3008

6 2

1 3317

12 4

1 3635

18 6

53

60 0

3017

6 4

1 3328

12 6

1 3646

18 8

54

60 6

3027

6 6

1 3338

12 8

1 3656

19 0

65

67 9

3037

6 8

1 3348

13 0

1 3667

19 2

77 5

76 4

3047

7 0

1 3358

13 2

1 3677

19 4

81 0

79 4

3056
3066
3076

7 2
7 4
7 6

1 3368
1 3379
1 3389

13 4
13 6
13 8

1 3688
1 3698
1 3709

19 6
19 8
20 0

92 0
98 0

87 8
90 1

Ethylene dibromide

9

1 7

3086

7 8

1 3399

14 0

22

2 4

40

4 4

(Pfeiffer, Z inorg 1897, 15 200 )

50
72

6 4

12 4

Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899, II
i/t 'i

10S

30 2
60 0

i* ;

Benzene

8

1 2

10

1 3

21

1 8

feolubihty of S in icctone+ \q it 25°

30

2 6

S=millimols g S in 100 cc of the solution

47

o 3
4 n

\-g acetone in 100 g ace tone +Aq

T: \)

4 9

65

6 S

^

s

Sp gr

72

8 6

100

65 0

0 78510

100
123

17 5
31 9

95 36

45 0

0 79114

127

34 0

90 62

Qrw QO

33 0

0 81654

150

36 8

OO OO

25 3

0 82958

Hexane

—20

0 07

0

0 16

lerz and Knoch, Z anorg 1905, 45 263 )

+26

0 41

+68

1 2

+ 130

5 2

+ 142

6 2

+ 184

8 3

ffitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 571 )

SULPHUR

Solubility in CHC18 at t°

t°

g S in 10 g of solution

12 25
19 29

0 0744
0 0918

(Bronsted, Z phys Ch 1906, 55 377 )

Solubility of octahedral and prismatic S
organic solvents at t°

Solvent

Benzene

Chloroform

Ethyl ether

Ethyl bromide

Ethyl formate

Ethyl alcohol

18 6
25 3

0

15 5
40

0
25 3

0
25 3

25 3

prismatic S

2 004
2 335

1 101

1 658

2 9

0 113
0 253

0 852

1 676

0 028

0 066

octahedral S

512
835

0 788

1 253

2 4

0 080
0 200

0 611

1 307

0 019

052

(Bronsted, Z phys Ch 1906, 55 377 )

Solubility in organic solvents at 25° (G S
dissolved in 1 g mol of solvent )

Solvent

Ethylene chloride

Tetrachlorethane

Dichlorethylene

Pentachlorethane

Tnchlorethylene

Perchlorethylene

Carbon tetrachlonde

g s

0 831
2 063

1 237

2 421
2 43
2 537
1 354

(Hoffmann et al 1910, B 43 188 )

100 g tnchlorethylene dissolve 1 19 g S
at 15° (Wester and Bruins, Pharm Weekbl
1914, 51 1443 )

bolubilit} in benzvl chloride at t°

t°

g to per 100 g ot solution

in upper la\ er

m low er laj er

0

0 99

17

1 78

35

2 o7

46 1

3 54

63 3

6 lo

7S 0

9 88

99 I

19 89

109 b

90 b2

114 6

87 99

118 S

37 29

121 4

40 04

85 02

130 0

49 71

80 07

134 2

56 20

72 23

Above 134 2° sulphur is miscible with

Denzyl chloride in all proportions, belo

temp two layers are formed

(Bogusky, J Russ Phys Chem Soc

37 92-99,0 C 1905,1 1207)

Easily sol in boiling acetic anfr

(Rosenfeld,B 13 1475) :

Sol in considerable amount in wanr
HC2H802+Aq, but very si sol if dil
bermann, B 10 866 )

Sol in stearic acid-j-Aq (Vulpius
Pharm (3) 13 38 )

Acetic ether dissolves 6% S (Favn

Difficultly sol in methyl acetate
mann, B 1909,42 3790)

Sol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
37 3601)

SI sol in benzomtrile at ord temp
more sol at higher temp (Nauma
1914,47 1369)

Sol m 12 pts hot petroleum from A
but nearly msol in cold (de Saussur*

100 pts nicotine at 100° dissolve 10
S, but this separates out as the solutioi
(Klever, C C 1872 434 )

Sol in warm aniline (Barral. A
20 352)

Easily sol in hot, less sol in cold
(Fntzsche )

Very sol m aniline and quinoline, esi
when warm (Hofmann )

Sol in quinohne but reacts with the
with evolution of H (Beckmann and
Z anorg 1906, 51 236 )

]/z com oleic acid dissolves 0 0335
6 days (Gates, J phys Chem 19
143)

Sol m 2 6 pts of boiling, si sol
creosote

Sol by digestion in 2 pts oil of turf

Sol in hot oil of copaiba, crystalli
cooling

Sol in hot oil of mandarin, cryst
on cooling

Sol in hot oil of caraway, crystalli
cooling

Somewhat sol in hot, less in cold
spirit

SI sol m lignone, bromoform, co]
zene, but easily m hot benzene (Ma
Chem Soc 1 262)

Sol in ethyl sulphide, and carbo
ride (Rathke, A 152 187 )

Sol in mercuric methyl

Sol in 20 pts ethyl nitrate, from ^
is not pptd by H2O

Sol in naphtha, aldehyde, lodal, 1
chloroform, warm chloral, sinkalir
ethyl chloride, warm benzoyl chloride

100 pts methylene iodide dissohe
S at 10° Melted sulphur is miscib
hot methylene iodide (Retgers, Z
3 343)

S dissolves in 2000 pts glycerine
and Garot, J Pharm (3) 26 81 )

Gly cerine dissolves 0 10 % S (Kleve
1872 434) C ^

SULPHUR CHLORIDE AMMONIA

100 2 glycerine dissolve 0 14 g at 15 5°
(Ossendowski, Pharm J 1907, 79 575 )
Sol in butyl sulphydrate, and warm retm-

Sol in ethyl sulphydrate

Very sol in conune, hexyl alcohol, warm
allyl sulphocyanide, cacodyl oxide Some-
what sol in hot styrene, separating out on

Readily sol in warm, less readily in cold
toluene or resin-oil

Sol in ojive oil at 115°, from which it
mostly separates on cooling

Sol in not oil of amber, crystallising upon
cooling Sol in 2 pts hot, si sol in cold
caoutchin

Insol in valerianic acid, amyl valerate,
valeryl hydride

Linseed oil dissolves % S at t°

t°

«&s

t

%s

t°

%s

25
60

0 630

1 852

95
130

2 587
4 935

160

9 129

(Pohl)

Solubility m olive oil (sp gr =0 885)
100 pts dissolve pts S at t°

t

Pts S

t

Pts S

t

Pts S

15

2 3

65

20 6

110

30 3

40

5 6

100

25 0

130

43 2

(Pelouze C K 68 1179)
Solubihtv in 100 pts coal-tar oil at t°

Pts S in

t

Oil of 0 S70

Oil of 0 bbO

Oil ot 0 8S2

sp j,r

sp j,r

sp ^r

B pt bO 100

B pt bo 120

B pt 120 200

lo

2 1

2 3

2 5

30

3 0

4 0

5 3

50

5 2

b 1

S 3

80

11 b

13 7

1") 2

100

15 2

18 7

21 0

110

23 0

26 2

120

27 0

32 0

130

3S 7

I ts b m

Oil of 0 88 >

Oil ot 1 010

Oil of 1 020

sp gr B pf

sp t>r B pt

sp gr B pt

1 10 200

210 3 10

220 300

15

2 6

6 0

7 0

30

5 8

8 5

8 5

50

8 7

10 0

12 0

80

21 0

37 0

41 0

100

26 4

52 5

54 0

110

31 0

105 0

115 0

120

38 0

00

CO

130

43 8

00

GO

(Pelouze, C R 69 56 )

Sulphur bromide, S2Br2

Decomp gradually with H2O Dissolves S
on warming, which crystallises out on coohng
Sol in CS,

Decomp by current of dry air into S and
Br (Hannay, Chem Soc 35 16 )

Decomp slowly by cold H2O, rapidly by
hot H20 Decomp by dil JECOH-f-Aq or
NaHCOs+Aq (Korndorfer, Arch Pharm
1904,242 156)

A study of the mpt curve of a series of
mixtures of sulphur and bromine gave no
evidence for the existence of the compounds
SBr2andSBr4 (Ruff, B 1903,36 2446)

S2C12

Slowly decomp by H2O Miscible with
CS2 and CeH8 Sol in alcohol and ether with
subsequent decomposition Sol in oil of tur-
pentine

Moderately sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin,
Am Ch J 1898, 20 830 )

Sol in CC14, and CeHe (Oddo, Gazz ch
it 1899, 29 (2) 318 )

Sulphur dzchloride, SC12

Decomp slowly with H2O, immediately by
alcohol or ether

Sulphur feZrachloride, SC14

Violently decomp by H20 Decomp at
temperatures abo\e — 22° (Michaelis, A
170 1)

Sulphur stannic chloride, 2SC14, SnCl4

Decomp by H 0 Sol in dil HNO3+Aq
Forms a mass with fuming HNOs which is
sol m HNO3-Kq Sol m POC13 (Cassel-
mann )

Very hydioscopic Fumes in moist air
Veiy easily sol m diy abs ethei and in ben-
zene Sol m CHC13, SOC12, CS2 POC13
hgrom and peti oleum ethei (Ruff, 13 1904,
37 4517)

Sulphur titanium chloride, SC14, 2TiCl4
\eiy deliquescent Fasilv sol m dil

HNO3+Aq (Weber, Pogg 132 454)

SC14, TiCl4 bol m bO Cl , CHC13, CS2

and pcti oleum ethei (Ruff, B 1904, 37

4516)

Sulphur chloride ammonia, S CL, 4NH3
Insol in H20, but gradually decomp

thereby, sol without decomp m absolute

alcohol, from which it is pptd by H2O

(Mertens )
Does not exist (Fordos and Gehs, C R

31 702)

SC12. 2NH8 Decomp by H2O Sol in

alcohol or ether (Soubeiran, A ch 67 71 )

Not a true chemical compound, but a mixture

(Fordos and G^hs, C R 31 702 )

900

SULPHUR CHLORIDE NITROGEN SULPHIDE

SCI*, 4NH8 Decomp by H20 SI sol m
absolute alcohol and ether (Soubeiran, A en
67 71), mixture (Fordos and Gelis)

Sulphur chloride nitrogen sulphide
See Nitrogen sulphochlonde

Sulphur perfluonde, SF6

Very si sol in H20, si sol in alcohol
(Moissan, C R 1900, 130 868 )

Sulphur monoiodide, S2I2

Insol in H20 Decomp by alcohol, which
dissolves out I2 SI sol in cold caoutchin,
the solution decomposing when boiled Freely
sol in glycerine Sol in 60 pts glycerine,
and 82 pts olive oil (Cap and Garot, J
Pharm (3) 26 81 )

(Franklin, Am

Very sol in liquid NH8
Ch J 1898,20 830)

Sol m CS2 (Lmebarger, Am Ch J 1895,
17 58)

Sulphur A&nodide, SI6

Decomp on air Alcohol or alkalies dis-
solve out iodine (vom Rath, Pogg 110 116 )

Does not exist (M'Leod, Rep Brit Assn
Advn Sci 1892 690)

Sulphur stannic iodide
See Tin sulphur iodide

Sulphur sesgwoxide, S203

Deliquescent Violently decomp by H20
at ordinary temp Sol m fuming H2S04 In-
sol in SO 3 Decomp bv alcohol or other
(Weber, Pogg 156 531 )

Sulphur dtoxide, S02

Liquid Insol in H20 if brought in con-
tact therewith below the b -pt of S02

Sol in 3 \ols CS2 on \\arming, separating
out on cooling Dissolves some P, little S,
and no sulphuric or phosphoric acids

Dissohes ether, chloroform, P, Br, S, I,
CS , colophomum, and other gums, also
benzene \vhen u armed (Sestmi, Bull Soc
(2) 10 226 )

Miscible with liquid SO3, but not with
HSO<

Gas

1 \ol li U d\ suross o(J \ olss b() t-ii at IS (Da\\) 20
\ol» at ord temp (Dalton) 4i"S\olto at ord temp
<de Satibhun i a(j\ols at 20 and 760 mm (Pelouze and
Frem\ > 33 \ A at urd tcmn (Thomson)

1 pt sQ <b\ \MI lit i ih sol m 0 1429 pt H 0 at o
and the olution has 1 020 sp gr

1 pt fcO is ol in 0 0400 pt H 0 at ord temp
(Prie tle\ ) in 0 0909 pt H O at 10 and &p gr of the
bolution =1 Ool3 (Thorn on)

Sol in 2 pth HO at 10 (Pierre 4. ch (3) 23 421 )

100 \ol H O at 1* and "00 mm absorb 4378 \ols
SO gas 100 \ ok alcohol of 0 84 sp gr at 760 mm
ab orb 11 t~~ \ols (de Saussure 1814)

t°

V

Vi

t°

V

0

68 861

79 789

21

34 986

37

1

67 003

77 210

22

33 910

36

2

65 169

74 691

23

32 847

35

3

63 360

72 230

24

31 800

34

4

61 576

69 828

25

30 766

32

5

59 816

67 485

26

29 748

31

6

58 080

65 200

27

28 744

30

7

56 369

62 973

28

27 754

29

8

54 683

60 805

29

26 788

28

9

53 021

58 697

30

25 819

27

10

51 383

56 647

31

24 873

26

11

49 770

54 655

32

23 942

25

12

48 182

52 723

33

23 025

24

13

46 618

50 849

34

22 122

23

14

45 079

49 033

35

21 234

22

15

43 564

47 276

36

20 361

21

16

42 073

45 578

37

19 502

20

17

40 608

43 939

38

18 658

20

18

39 165

42 360

39

17 827

19

19

37 749

40 838

40

17 013

18

20

36 206

39 374

Solubility of S02 gas in H2O t° = temp
vols SO 2 reduced to 0° and 760 mm
tamed in 1 vol sat S02+Aq, Vi =
SO2 gas reduced to 0° and 760 mm
solved by 1 vol H20 under 760 mm
sure

Solubility of SO 2 in H2O at various temp
760 mm t° = temp , G=grirnme
dissolved in 1 g H2O, V = vols feC
solved m 1 g HO

DD
3l£

be
ee

70
17
02
26
86
84
22
14
1C
6]
51

44
4/

6*
41
6C

(Schonfeld, A 96 5 )

This table may be formulated as folio 3

1 vol H20 absorbs 79789-260 t

0 029349t2 vols S02 at temp between 0 an
20°, or 1 vol sat solution contains 68 1-

1 87025t+0 01225t2 vols SO2 Coefficn t(
absorption between 21° and 40° = 75 2
21716t+001903t2 vols SO2 or 1 vol sa
solution between 21° and 40° contains 6 95
— 1 38898t+ 0 00726t vols S02

di

t

G

\

t

G

8

0 168

58 7

30

0 078

2 3

10

0 154

53 9

32

0 073

2 7

12

0 142

49 6

34

0 Ob9

2 3

14

0 130

45 6

3b

0 065

2 8

1G

0 121

42 2

38

0 062

2 6

18

0 112

39 3

40

0 058

2 4

20

0 104

36 4

42

0 055

1 3

22

0 098

34 2

44

0 053

1 4

24

0 092

32 3

46

0 050

1 4

26

0 087

30 5

48

0 047

1 4

28

0 083

28 9

50

0 045

1 6

(Sims, A 118 340 )

SULPHUR OXIDE

901

Solubility of SO2 in H2O at various pressures
p_-« partial pressure,'^ e the total pres-

20°

sure minus the tension of aqueous vapour
at given temp , G at P= weight SO2 in
grammes, which is dissolved in 1 g H^O
at pressure P, G at 760 = calculated
weight SOg that would be contained in
1 g HsO at 760 mm if the absorption were
proportional to the pressure, V = the
volume of G grammes of S02 at 0° and

P

GatP

G at 760

VatP

V at 760

40
50
60
70
80
90

0 007
0 009
0 Oil
0 012
0 013
0 015

0 143
0 138
0 135
0 131
0 127
0 125

2 637
3 171
3 718
4 205
4 663
5 169

50 09
48 20
47 10
45 64
44 30
43 65

760mm

100

0 016

0 124

5 692

43 25

120

0 019

0 121

6 683

42 33

7°

140

0 022

0 119

7 690

41 75

p

160

0 025

0 118

8 666

41 17

GatP

G at 760

VatP

V at 760

180

C\f\f\

0 028

0 117

9 652

40 75

30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
120
140

0 010
0 013
0 015
0 017
0 020
0 022
0 025
0 027
0 032
0 036

0 263
0 242
0 223
0 818
0 213
0 210
0 208
0 205
0 201
0 197

3 634
4 451
5 129
6 024
6 868
7 743
8 598
9 421
11 09
12 71

92 06
84 55
77 95
76 28
74 55
73 55
72 62
71 60
70 20
69 00

200
220
240
260
280
300
350
400
450
500
550

0 030
0 033
0 036
0 038
0 041
0 044
0 050
0 059
0 064
0 071
0 077

0 116
0 115
0 114
0 112
0 112
0 111
0 110
0 109
0 108
0 107
0 106

10 62
11 59
12 54
13 45
14 41
15 34
17 66
20 56
22 37
24 67
26 93

40 35
40 03
39 70
39 30
39 10
38 87
38 35
38 10
37 77
37 50
37 20

160
180
200

0 041
0 046
0 050

0 195
0 193
0 191

14 34
15 97
17 59

68 15
67 40
66 83

600
650
700

0 083
0 090
0 096

0 105
0 105
0 105

29 14
31 39
33 62

36 90
36 70
36 50

220
240

0 055
0 059

0 190
0 188

19 19
20 79

66 30
65 84

750
760

0 103
0 104

0 104
0 104

35 94
36 43

36 43
36 43

260

0 064

0 187

22 40

65 44

800

0 110

0 104

38 32

36 40

280

0 069

0 186

23 99

65 10

1000

0 137

0 104

47 85

36 37

300

0 073

0 185

25 59

64 81

1300

0 178

0 104

62 10

36 31

350

0 085

0 184

29 55

64 16

1600

0 218

0 104

76 35

36 27

400

0 096

0 182

33 51

63 65

1900

0 259

0 104

90 53

36 21

450

0 107

0 181

37 44

63 25

500

0 118

0 180

41 42

62 94

39 S

550

0 130

0 179

45 31

62 60

600

0 141

0 178

49 20

62 32

P

G at P

G at 7bO

'^ at P

\ at 7bO

650

0 152

0 178

53 10

62 09

700

0 16*

0 177

56 98

61 8b

200

0 016

0 062

5 675

21 57

750

0 174

0 176

60 8S

61 69

300

0 024

0 061

8 368

21 20

760

0 176

0 17b

61 65

61 65

400

0 031

0 060

11 03

20 95

800

0 1K5

0 17b

64 74

61 50

500

0 039

0 Oi9

13 67

20 77

850

0 196

0 175

68 57

61 JO

600

0 047

0 059

16 29

20 64

900

0 207

0 175

72 41

61 15

760

0 059

0 0^9

20 50

20 50

950

0 218

0 175

76 25

61 00

800

0 062

0 Oo9

21 58

20 50

1000

0 229

0 174

80 01

60 88

1000

0 077

0 0->S

26 84

20 40

1050

0 240

0 174

83 97

60 77

1500

0 113

0 057

39 65

20 09

1100

0 251

0 174

87 80

60 65

2000

0 149

0 057

52 11

19 80

1200

0 273

0 173

95 45

60 45

1300

0 295

0 172

103 00

60 25

50

P

G at P

G at 760

VatP

\ at 700

200

0 012

0 04o

4 156

15 97

400

0 024

0 015

8 275

15 72

600

0 035

0 045

12 36

15 65

760

0 045

0 045

15 62

15 62

800

0 047

0 045

16 43

15 60

1000

0 059

0 045

20 51

15 59

1500

0 088

0 044

30 73

15 57

2000

0 012

0 044

39 07

15 55

(Sims, \ 118 340 )

902

SULPHUR OXIDE

1 g H20 dissolves 0 0909 g S02 =34 73 cc
(at 25°) at 25° and 748 mm pressure (Wai-
den and Centnerszwer, Z phys Ch 1901, 42
462)

Solubihtv of S02 m HoO at t° and 760 mm
pressure

Sp gr of S02-fAqat 4°

A

Sp gr

&

Sp gr

15
16
17
18
19
20
21

Sp

1 0
1 0
1 0
1 0
1 0
1 0
1 0

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

1 0024
1 0049
1 0075
1 0102
1 0130
1 0158
1 0187

8
9
10
11
12
13
14

1 0217
1 0247
1 0278
1 0311
1 0343
1 0376
1 0410

t°

G SO per
1 g H20

t°

G SOaper
Ig H20

0
2
4
6

0 236
0 218
0 201
0 184

7
8
10
12

0 176
0 168
0 154
0 142

(Schiff, calculated by Gerlach, Z anal 8

(Roozeboom, R t c 1884, 3 29 )

From a gas containing 10% by vol of S02
at 10° 1 63% by wt is dissolved by 1 litre
of H20, if the pressure is increased to 5 at-
mospheres, 814% by wt is dissolved
(Harpf, Chem Zeitschr , 1905, 4 136 )

Solubility of SO2 m H2O at t°
C = g SO2 m 1 cc of the solution
P = Pressure in mm of Hg

50

0 000537
0 00237
0 01227
0 03804

0 000534
0 OQ23-4
0 01212
0 03750

0 000525
0 002276
0 01181
0 03628

0 4

3 5

29 4

109 4

1 4
11 75
87 9
313 0

4 9

30 5

204 5

696 0

13 4
6 78
4 17
3 48

3 81
2 00
1 379
1 198

1 07
0 746
0 577
0 521

Sp gr of S02+Aq

%S02

0 99
2 05
2 87
4 04

4 99

5 89

7 01

8 08

8 68

9 80

10 75

11 65
13 09

Temp

15 5°

12 5°
11 0°

0051
0102
0148
0204
0252
0297
0353
0399

1 0438

0492
0541
0597

(Giles and Schearer, Jour Soc Ch Inc
303)

Sp gr ofS02+Aq

(Lindner, M 1912, 33 645 )

Sp gr of sat solution at —

0° 10° 20° 40°

106091 105472 102386 095548
(Bunsen and Schonfeld A 95 2 )

Sat S02-fAq has sp gr
thollet)

Sp gr

1 0052
1 0094
1 0134

Sp gr

1 0167
1 0208
1 0242

Sp

1 0
1 0
1 0

= 10040 (Ber-

Sp gr of sat ^62 + A.Q at t1

t°

Sp gr

t

Sp gr

t

Sp gr

0

1 0809

9

1 Oo48

17

1 0358

1

1 0596

10

1 0547

18

1 0321

2

1 0585

11

1 0528

19

1 0281

3

1 0576

12

1 0505

20

1 0239

4

1 0569

13

1 0481

21

1 0195

0

1 0562

14

1 0454

22

1 0147

6

1 0557

15

1 0424

23

1 0099

7

1 05o2

16

1 0392

24

0 9991

S

1 0549

(Anthon )

Sp gr ofSOa+Aq

Sp gr

1 0042

1 0083

1 0125

1 0167

Sp gr

1 0210
1 0252
1 0295

10

1 0
1 0

(Schiff, A 107 312 )

(Hager, Ad]umenta vana, Leipzig, 1
146)

SULPHUR OXIDE

903

Sp gr of SO2+Aq at 15°

Solubility of SO2 in H2SO4 of 1 84 sp gr

&

Sp gr

/&

Sp gr

&

Sp gr

t

«i!
#*$

ED

zli

t°

3l

£"*!

zli

0) O O

o OQ 55

0 5
1 0
1 5
20
2 5
30
3 5

1 0028
1 0056
1 0085
1 0113
1 0141
1 0168
1 0194

4 0
4 5
5 0
5 5
6 0
6 5
7 0

1 0221
1 0248
1 0275
1 0302
1 0328
1 0353
1 0377

7 5
8 0
8 5
9 0
9 5
10 0

1 0401
1 0426
1 0450
1 0474
1 0497
1 0520

0
10
20
25
30
40

1 8232
1 8225
1 8221
1 8216
1 8205

53
35 0
25 0
21 0
18 0
13 0

50
60
70
80
90

1 8186
1 8165
1 8140
1 8112
1 8080

9 5
7 0
5 5
4 5
4 0

~~ (Scott, Polyt Centralbl 1873 826 )

Cone H2S04 absorbs 0 009 pt by weight
(58 vols ), and S02 is more soluble in dilute
H2S04+Aq, the more H2O there is present
(Kolb, Dingl 209 270 )

Solubility in H2SO4

(Dunn, C N 1882, 45 272 Calc by SeideU,
Solubilities, 1st Ed )

Solubility of S02 in H2SO4+Aq

t°

*|J

atfl 3
M?1

M6
8*

fiK
^

oj

oJ§

t°

o s

wa

«3

ll
^

•s|

*k&?

Absorbs SO
per kg

Absorbs S02
per litre

1
1
I
I
1
1

841
839
540
407
227
020

0 009
0 014
0 021
0 032
0 068
0 135

5 8
8 9
11 2
15 9
29 7
49 0

6 9
6 9
8 6
9 8
5 5
6 6

1 139
1 300
1 482
1 703
067
1 102

20
40
58
78
10
15

48 67
45 38
39 91
29 03
36 78
34 08

15 2

16 8
14 8
15 1
15 6
15 0

1 173
1 151
1 277
1 458
1 609
1 739

25
21
36
56
70
81

31 82

31 56
30 41
29 87
25 17
20 83

(Kolb, Bull Soc Ind Mullhouse, 1872 224 )

Coefficient of absorption for H2S04 (1 841
sp gr at 15° and 760 mm ) is 28 14 at 17°,
and 28 86 at 16° (Dunn, C N 43 121 )

(Dunn, C N 1882, 45 272, Seidell, Solu-
bilities, 1st Ed )

Coefficient of absorption in H2S04 (sp gr
= 1841)-58,(sp gr =1839) =8 9 (Lunge)

Solubility in salts +Aq at 35°

1= coefficient of absorption of SO2 in the given salt solution at 35°
lo = coefficient of absorption of S02 m water at 35° =22 43

Salt

3 normal

2 o normal

2 normal

1 o normal

1 norma.1

0 o normal

KI

1

45 43

41 87

38 04

34 64

30 25

26 30

I-lo

23 00

19 44

15 61

12 21

7 82

3 87

KBr

1

36 14

34 12

31 93

29 64

27 49

24 83

l-lo

13 71

11 69

9 50

7 21

5 01

2 40

KC1

1

30 02

28 93

27 94

26 54

25 15

23 74

l-lo

7 59

6 50

5 31

4 11

2 72

1 31

KCNS

1

42 94

38 13

35 05

32 03

28 79

25 63

l-lo

18 51

15 70

12 62

9 60

6 36

3 20

NH4N08

1

27 43

26 66

25 57

24 78

24 23

23 35

l-lo

5 00

4 23

3 14

2 35

1 80

0 92

KN08

1

27 33

26 54

25 72

24 79

24 03

23 27

l-lo

4 90

4 11

3 29

2 36

1 60

0 84

904

SULPHUH OXIDE

Solubihty on salts -j-Aq at 35° — Continued

1= coefficient of absorption of SO2 in the given salt solution at 35°
lo= coefficient of absorption of S02 in water at 35 =22 43

Salt

3 normal

2 5 normal

2 normal

1 5 normal

1 normal

^(NH4)2S04

1

24 60

24 23

23 93

23 49

23 14

l-lo

2 17

1 80

1 50

1 06

0 71

^CdI2

1

24 30

23 99

23 71

23 38

23 06

l-lo

1 87

1 56

1 28

0 95

0 63

HNaaSO*

1

19 27

19 79

20 20

20 81

21 35

l-lo

—3 16

—2 64

—2 23

—1 62

—1 08

3^CdBr2

1

19 17

19 70

20 60

20 81

21 46

l-lo

—3 26

—2 73

—1 83

—1 62

— -0 97

J^CdClj

1

18 68

19 23

20 02

20 55

21 23

l-lo

—3 75

—3 20

—2 41

—1 88

—1 20

MCdSO,

1

16 25

17 41

18 31

19 42

20 43

l-lo

—6 81

—5 02

—4 12

—3 01

—2 00

Solubility in salts +Aq at 25°

1= coefficient of absorption of S02 in the given solution at 25°
lo= coefficient of absorption of S02 in water at 25° =32 76

Salt

3 normal

2 5 normal

2 normal

1 5 normal

1 normal

KI

1

68 36

62 63

56 75

50 58

44 76

l-lo

35 60

29 87

23 99

17 82

12 00

y2cdi2

1

35 77

34 98

34 74

34 16

33 76

l-lo

3 01

2 22

1 98

1 40

1 00

NH4Br

1

52 25

49 17

46 06

42 78

39 46

Ho

19 49

16 41

13 30

10 02

6 70

KBr

1

52 26

48 87

44 96

42 41

39 11

l-lo

19 00

15 71

12 70

9 15

6 35

NaBr

1

37 74

36 84

36 26

35 27

34 54

l-lo

4 98

4 08

3 50

2 51

1 78

J£CdBr2

1

27 46

28 15

29 27

30 17

31 01

l-lo

—5 30

—4 61

—3 49

—2 59

—1 75

NH4C1

1

42 78

41 37

39 76

38 06

36 37

l-lo

10 02

8 61

7 00

5 30

3 61

KC1

1

42 27

40 96

39 32

37 76

36 05

l-lo

9 51

8 20

6 56

5 00

3 29

SULPHUR OXIDE

905

Solubility in salts-1-A.q at 25° — Continued
1=: coefficient of absorption of ^02 in the given solution at 25°
lo= coefficient of absorption of SO2 in water at 25°= 32 76

Salt

3 normal

2 5-normal

2 normal

1 5-normai

1 normal

0 5 normal

NaCl

1

31 36

31 51

31 76

31 96

32 25

32 46

Ho

—1 40

—1 25

—1 00

—0 80

—0 51

—0 30

HCdCl2

1

26 06

27 09

28 16

29 46

30 55

31 66

l-lo

—6 70

—5 67

—4 60

—3 30

—2 21

—1 10

NH4CNS

1

61 46

57 01

52 26

4726

42 74

37 78

l-lo

28 70

24 25

19 50

14 50

9 98

5 02

KCNS

1

61 26

55 87

51 86

47 02

42 38

37 57

l-lo

28 50

23 11

19 10

14 26

9 62

4 81

NaCNS

1

48 34

45 86

43 37

40 78

38 24

35 44

l-lo

15 58

13 10

10 61

8 02

5 48

2 68

NH4N03

1

39 14

38 01

37 27

36 28

35 07

33 96

l-lo

6 38

5 25

4 51

3 52

2 31

1 20

KNOa

1

38 52

37 57

36 66

35 77

34 79

33 80

l-lo

5 76

4 81

3 90

3 01

2 03

1 04

M(NH4)2S04

1

35 96

35 47

34 95

34 34

33 82

33 35

l-lo

3 20

2 71

2 19

1 58

1 06

0 59

MK2S04

1

33 61

33 20

l-lo

0 85

0 48

HNa S04

1

28 44

28 66

29 51

30 45

31 14

31 96

l-lo

--4 32

-4 10

—3 25

—2 31

—1 62

—0 80

HCdS04

1

23 76

25 14

26 58

28 24

29 71

31 11

l-lo

—9 00

—7 62

—6 18

—4 52

—3 05

—1 85

Sol in Cl2+Aq Sol m
Ch 1913, 84 419 )

(Fox, Z phys Ch 1902, 41 462 )
Br Solidification curves determined (\an der Goot, Z phys

906

SULPHUR OXIDE AMMONIA

Solubility of SO m alcohol 1 vol alcohol at

Distribution of S02 between H2O and C CI

t° and 760

mm dissolves \

vols SO2gas

at 20°

at 0° and 760 mm

ci =g S02 per 1 of H2O solution

Q/~\ -n/vi* 1 /-k-F r^TT/^1 1 j.

t°

\

t°

'V

t° V

c2=g bU2 per 1 01 LJtiUls solution

Q

QOQ fi9

9

201 33

17 130 61

Ci

C2

Ci/Cj

1

0*^0 \j&
311 98

10

190 31

18 124 58

1 738

1 123

1 55

2

295 97

11

179 91

19 119 17

1 753

1 122

1 56

3

280 58

12

170 13

20 114 48

2 326

1 704

1 37

4

265 81

13

160 98

21 110 22

2 346

1 703

1 38

5

251 67

14

152 45

22 106 68

2 628

1 897

1 38

6

238 16

15

144 55

23 103 77

3 039

2 395

1 27

7

225 26

16

137 27

24 101 47

3 058

2 385

1 28

8

212 98

3 686

3*7OK

3 063

3fU3O

1 20

(Bunsen's Gasometry )

735
4 226

OVA
3 626

1 22

1 17

5 269

4 798

1 10

5 379

4 813

1 10

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
247 pts SO* at 0° and 760 mm , 47 pts at 26P
and 760 mm ; 100 pts absolute ethyl alcohol
dissolve 115 pts S02 at 0° and 760 mm , 32 3

U O i a

6 588
31 92
33 26

6 183
33 84
37 25

•L J.JS

1 07
0 94
0 89

pts at 26° and 760 mm (de Bruyn. 2 phys
Ch 10 783)

(McCrae, Z anorg 1903

35

12)

Sol in ether
Absorbed by oil of turpentine
Rapidly absorbed by anhydrous aldehyde in
the cold, 11 pts aldehyde absorbing 19 pts
SO*

Distribution of S02 between HCl+Ac md
CHC13 at 20°
ci=g S02perl of HCl+Aq solution
c2=g SO2 per 1 of CHC13 solution

WwJ

Absorption coefficient of aldehyde for S02

HC1 = normality of HCl+Aq used

is 1 4 tunes greater than that of alcohol, and

HCl

Ci

C

Hi o

7 times

greater than that of HoO CGeuther

\->] 2

and Gartmell, Proc Roy Soc 10 111 )

1 86

1 46

1 R

1 pt camphor dissolves 0 880 pt by weight
(=308 vols ) S02 at 0° and 725 mm , 1 pt
glacial HC2H302 dissolves 0 961 pt by weight
(=318 vols ) SO at 0° and 725 mm , 1 pt

0 05-N •

3 076
4 277
5 340
1 25

2 830
4 07
5 42
1 41

-L O

1 8
1 4
0 6
0 ft

formic acid dissolves 0821 pt by weight

1 324

1 41fi

U O
09

( = 351 vols) S02 at 0° and 725 mm ,1 pt
acetone dissolves 2 07 pts by weight (=589

0 1 -N •

2 78
3 &fi

-L rr J.U

3 08
4 ns

O

0 0

OA

vols ) SO at 0° and 725 mm , 1 pt sulphuryl
chloride dissolves 0 323 pt by weight ( = 187
\ols) S02 at 0° and 725 mm (Schulze,
J pr (2) 24 168 )

0 2 -N •

o ou

5 161
1 268
1 914
2 464

^r Uo

5 715
1 509
2 274
* 040

•t

0 0
0 4
0 4
0 1

3 967

4 8

98

0 1

Solubility of SO2 in CHCla

0 4 -N i

1 202

1 614

0 9

C =

sg

SO m

1 cc of the solution

I

1 894

2 2

t>5

0 3

P — Pressure

in mm Hg

(McCrae, Z anorg; 1903,

36 14)

t

C

P

£xio*

Sulphur &oxide ammonia, SO2,

NH*

Very hydroscopic Easily sol in H2C vith

0

0 000701

2 7

2 6

decomp (Schumann, Z anorg 190( 23

0 001790

5 6

3 14

49)

0 000982

22 0

3 17

S02, 2NH8 Somewhat hydroscopK

0 03097

90 2

3 43

Sol m H20 with evolution of NH8 ( hu

0 08217

219 6

3 74

mann, Z anorg 1900,23 50)
5S02, 4NH8 Very deliquescent

0 000669

5 7

1 17

Very sol in H2O (Divers and

0 wa,

0 001712

12 9

1 37

Chem Soc 1901, 79 1103 )

0 Of

l-\f7~) >

48 0

1 40

0 029o4

208 2

1 47

Sulphur tfnoxide, S08

0 07839

488 8

1 60

Fumes on air Miscible with H20, vith

evolution of much heat Sol in H2S04 De-
comp by alcohol and ether

(Lindner, M 1912, 33 645 )

SULPHURIC ACID

907

Exists in two modifications, one of which is

Sp gr ofHa^O-fAq

liquid and miscible with H2S04, while the
solid form is only slowly sol therein

IV/Tia/tiKIa -orrfh OSo flf SO0 V»llt fit 1^° OR*

Baume
degrees

Sp gr

Cf

Baume
degrees

Sp gr

A

dissolves only Vs pt SOS, and SO8, Vs Pt
CS2 (Schultz-Sellack, Pogg 139 480 )
There is only one modification, the liquid,
which absorbs H2O and becomes solid (Rebs,

66
60
5o
oO
4o
40

1 842
1 72o
1 618
1 524
1 466
1 37o

100
84 22
74 32
66 4o
oS 02
oO 41

66
60
o5
o4
o3
o2

1 844
1 717
1 618
1 603
1 586
1 566

100
82 34
74 32
72 70
71 17
69 30

Miscible with liquid SO2 (Schultz-

3o
30

I 31o
1 260

43 21
36 o2

51

50

1 5oO
1 532

68 03
66 45

Q llflplc "S

25

1 210

30 12

49

1 515

64 37

See also Sulphuric acid

20
15

1 162
1 114

24 01
17 39

48

47

1 500

1 482

62 80
61 32

10

1 076

11 73

46

1 466

59 80

5

1 023

6 60

45

1 454

58 02

Sulphur Tiepfoxide, S207
Fumes on air Slowly decomp at 0°, in-
stantaneously on warming Sol in cone

CVauqLelin A. ch
76 260)

(Darcet A ch
(2) 1 198 )

H2S04 " (Berthelot, J pr (2) 17 48 )
Forms compound S207, 2H202

Sp gr of H SCU-flq

Formula is SO4, according to Traube (B
24. 1764), and S2O7 is SO8+S04
See also Marshall (Chem Soc 59 771)

H&t

Sp gr
at 15°

Sp gr
at2o°

Hfo.

Sp gr
at lo°

Sp gi
at 25°

Traube (B 26 148) denies the existence of

0

0 9986

0 995o

50

1 38o6

1 3780

2 o

1 Olio

OO

1 4347

oU4

5

1 0284

1 0272

60

1 4860

1 4767

10

1 06o9

1 0604

60

1 5402

15

1 0998

70

1 5946

1 5863

Sulphur oxybromide, SOBr2
See Thionyl bromide

20
25
30

1 1378
1 1767
1 2154

1 3311
1 2078

7o
80
So

1 6o34
1 7092
1 7602

1 6996

3o

1 2o62

90

1 80oO

1 7940

40

1 2976

1 2838

9o

1 8318

Sulphur oxychlonde, SOC12

45

1 3409

100

1 8406

1 8286

See Thionyl chlonde

(Dele enne 1823 )

SO C12 See Sulphuryl chloride

S206C12 See P^/roSulphuryl chlonde
HSOsCl See Sulphuryl hydroxyl chlonde

Sp gr at lo 36° and b pt of H_S04-|-Aq

S2OC14 Decomp by H20 and alcohol

Sp gr

%S03

B pt

Sp gr

%S03

B pt

(Ogier, C R 94 446 )
Mixture of about 17SC12+2SOC1 and

SoO
849

81
SO

326

31S

769
7o7

67
66

217°
210

5S02C12 (Knoll, B 1898, 31 2183 )

848

"9

310

744

60

20o

847

78

301

730

64

200

S4o

77

293

71o

63

19o

Sulphur oxytefrachlonde, S208Cl4

842

Mh

76
7o

28 D
277

699
084

62
61

190
186

Violently decomp by H20, dil acids, or
alcohol (Millon, A ch (3) 29 327 )

833
827

819

74
7 }

2GS
260

1 670
1 6oO

1 D^O

60
08 6
oO

182
177
143

Sol in warm S2C12 (Canus, A 106 295 )

810

71

24 -,

1 408

40

127

Decomp violently with CS2

801
1 791

70
hO

23s
230

1 300
1 200

30
20

llo
107

1 780

6S

224

1 100

10

103

Sulphur oxyfluonde, SO2F2

(Dalt >n N M st 2 210 )

See Sulphuryl fluonde

SOF2 See Thionyl fluonde

^p gr of H *•> _}.i + \q ut lo

Sulphur ^phosphide, P2S

Sp gr

b?>3

H b04

,pgr

"6,

c/

See Phosphorus monosulphide

1 S48o

81 o4

100

1 o97o

o7 08

70

1 8460

79 90

98

1 5760

oo 4-)

68

Sulphur teiraphosphide, P4S

1 8410
1 8330

78 28
76 60

06
94

SbO

o3 82
o2 18

66
64

See Phosphorus semisulphide

1 8233
1 811o

7o 02
73 39

02
90

o006
4860

oO oo

48 92

62
60

1 7962

71 75

88

4660

47 29

08

Sulphuretted hydrogen, H2S

1 7774
1 7o70

70 12
68 49

88
84

4460
426o

4o 66
44 03

06
o4

See Hydrogen sulphide

1 7360
1 7120

66 86
65 23

82
80

4073
3884

42 40
40 77

o2

oO

1 6870

63 60

78

3697

39 14

48

Sulphuric acid, H2S04

1 6630
1 6415

61 97
60 34

76
74

3530
1 334o

37 •>!
3o 88

46
44

Miscible with H2O m all proportions

1 6204

58 71

72

1 3165

34 25

42

908

SULPHURIC ACID

Sp gr of HsSD^+AqatlS0 — Continued

Correction of sp gr for temperature to be adde or a
lowering of the temp of 10 or subtracts or a
corresponding increase

Sp gr

A

Hfo,

^p gr

S&3

nflo.

Sp gr
ot acid

Spgr
Corr of acid

Corr

Sp gr
of acid

< rr

>•} 01

1 1410

16 31

20

at o

at 0°

at 0

1 2999
1 232 j

U Ol

30 9S

38

1 1246

14 68

18

1 04

0 002 1 15

0 OOo

1 45

0 )8

29 3o

3o

1 1090

13 Oo

16

1 07

0 003 1 20

0 006

1 70

0 39

1 2m

27 72

34

1 09 o3

11 41

14

1 10

0 004 1 30

0 007

1 85

0 D96

1 2334

2j 09

32

1 OSD9

9 78

12

1 2181

24 40

30

S lo

10

(Bineau )

1 2032
1 1S7G

22 83

21 20

28
20

1 Oo44
1 0405

6 o2

4 89

8
6

Sp gr

of H2S04+Aq at 15° a = %, \ sp

1 1706

19 ~>7

1 7 Q±

24
oo

1 0258
1 0140

3 25

i f&

4
2

gr

if % is SO3) c=sp gr if % is I 30.

1 Io49

1 ( tf it AH

b

a

b

(Ire Sch* J 35 444)

1

1

009

1 0064

51

1 530

1 08

2

1

017

1 013

52

1 545

1 18

3

1

025

1 019

53

1 556

1 28

4

1

034

1 0256

54

1 573

1 38

Sp gr of HaSCU+Aq

5

1

041

1 032

55

1 585

1 48

5

i

049

1 039

56

1 600

4.tO°

At lo°

7

1

058

1 0464

57

1 615

1 69

Ion

Degrees
Baume

Sp gr

%

%

%

9

9

1

076

1 061

59

1 642

oU

1 90

S03

H2S04

filOi

HSOj

10

1

085

1 068

60

1 656

1 .10

036

0 1

4 2

5 4

4 5

11

1

095

1 0756

61

1 675

1 >12

o
10

075

10 3

S 4

10 9

S 9

12

1

104

1 083

62

1 689

1 >23

lo
23

116
161
209

lo o
21 2
27 2

12 7
17 3
22 2

16 3
22 4

28 3

13 3
18 3
23 1

13

14

1
1

114
123

1 091
1 098

63
64

1 701
1 716

1 >34
1 >45

30

33 b

27 4

34 8

28 4

15

1

133

1 106

65

1 730

1 >57

33
3o

29b
320
332

37 6

4J 4
41 7

30 7
33 0
34 1

38 9
41 6
43 0

31 8
34 0
35 1

16
17

1
1

142
150

1 1136
1 121

66
67

1 742
1 755

1 >78
>80

3~

34o

43 1

SD 2

44 3

3G 2

18

1

160

1 129

68

1 770

>92

3S

39
40

3:T
370
383

44 •)
4o 9
4" 3

35 3
37 o
38 6

4o 5

46 9
48 4

37 2
38 3
39 5

19

20

1
1

170
180

1 136
1 144

69
70

1 781
1 792

)04

41

397

4S ~

3D 7

49 9

40 7

21

1

190

1 1516

71

1 802

)27

42
43

44

410
42 1
43S

oO 0
ol 4
o2 S

40 S
41 9
43 1

ol 2
o2 o
74 0

41 8
42 9
44 1

22
23

1
1

200
210

1 159
1 167

72
73

1 810
1 819

)39

4o

4^3

o4 3

44 3

oo 4

4o 2

24

1

220

1 174

74

825

)63

4b
47
4S

438
483
498

So 7

01 1

ob o

4o o
43 6

47 8

oQ 9
58 2
o9 6

46 4
47 o
48 7

25

26

1
1

229
239

1 182
1 190

75
76

830
834

)75

386

49

o!4

bO 0

49 0

Cl 1

53 0

27

1

24S

1 198

77

837

398

ol

06 3

bl 4
62 9
(>4 4

oO 1
ol 3
o2 b

b2 b
63 9
bo 4

51 1
52 2
53 4

28
29

1

1

258
268

1 2066
1 215

78
79

839
841

i 710

] 722

•>1

60 9

33 8

I)') 9

54 6

30

1

278

1 223

80

842

734

>}

bio

b/ 4
OS J
70 j

oo 0
06 2

bb 4
"0 0
"1 b

10 8
57 1
08 4

31
32

1
1

288
300

1 231
1 239

81

82

] 745
756

)

bo2

72 1

oS S

73 2

59 7

33

1

310

1 2476

83

767

"*M

() 1
b )1

73 b
"•> 2

bO 1
bl 4

"4 7
7b 3

bl 0
02 3

34

1

320

1 256

84

777

( 0

"11

b2 b

7S 0

bl 0

35

1

332

1 264

85

786

>1

~S b

04 2

79 S

fij 1

36

1

341

1 272

86

794

2

"74

S) 4
S2 4

Go 7
b7 2

SI 7
h 3 9

bb 7
68 5

1

354

1 281

87

S02

,4

~ Jt

S4 b

09 0

o> 3

70 4

38

1

367

1 289

S8

809

>:>

M9

8" 4

71 3

89 o

73 0

39

1

378

1 2976

89

816

>b )

j S,

S30
S3"

S9 1
i)Q 4

72 2
73 ^

01 8

74 9

77

40

1

390

1 306

90

822

bb

S42

H 3

74 o

100 0

81 G

41

1

401

1 315

91

827

hh 2

1 Stb

92 )

7 J D

42

1

415

1 324

92

831

bb 4
b i b

1 »S1=

<)> 0
ion n

77 o
SI b

43

1

427

1 333

93

834

44

1

440

1 342

94

8356

(Bin au \ ch (3) 26 12i )

45
46

1
1

451
465

1 351
1 361

95
96

8376
8384

47

1

478

1 370

97

840

48

1

490

1 379

98

8406

The sp gr found at t can be reduced to sp KT at

49

1

501

1 3886

99

842

0 bj multiplying

v 144 38

using the follow

50

1

517

1 398

100

8426

Dy144 as f or b*

ing table (Bineau )

(Bineau, calculated by Gerlach, Z anal 292 }

SULPHURIC ACID

909

Sp gr of H2S04+Aq at 15°, H20 at 0° = 1

Sp gr of HoSCh etc — Continued

HJ304

Sp gr

H%><

Sp gr

Hjj^Oi

Sp gr

Sp gr

S%3

Hjtcu

Sp gr

&

nSo.

1

1 006

35

1 264

68

1 592

1 150

17 07

20 91

1 455

45 31

55 50

2

1 012

36

1 272

69

1 604

1 155

17 59

21 55

1 460

45 69

55 97

3

1 018

37

1 281

70

1 615

1 160

18 11

22 19

1 465

46 07

56 43

4

1 025

38

1 290

71

1 626

1 165

18 64

22 83

1 470

46 45

56 90

5

1 032

39

1 298

72

1 638

1 170

19 06

23 47

1 475

46 83

57 37

6

1 039

40

1 307

73

1 650

1 175

19 69

24 12

1 480

47 21

57 83

7

1 046

41

1 316

74

1 662

1 180

20 21

24 76

1 485

47 57

58 28

8

1 053

42

1 324

75

1 674

1 185

20 73

25 40

1 490

47 95

58 74

9

1 061

43

1 333

76

1 684

1 190

21 26

26 04

1 495

48 34

59 22

10

1 069

44

1 342

77

1 697

1 195

21 78

26 68

1 500

48 73

59 70

11

1 076

45

1 352

78

1 710

1 200

22 30

27 32

1 505

49 12

60 18

12

1 084

46

1 361

79

1 721

1 205

22 82

27 95

1 510

49 51

60 65

13

1 091

47

1 370

80

1 732

1 210

23 33

28 58

1 515

49 89

61 12

14

1 099

48

1 379

81

1 743

1 215

23 84

29 21

1 520

50 28

61 59

15

1 106

49

1 389

82

1 753

1 220

24 36

29 84

1 525

50 66

62 06

16

1 114

50

1 399

83

1 763

1 225

24 88

30 48

1 530

51 04

62 53

17

1 122

51

1 409

84

1 773

1 230

25 39

31 11

1 535

51 43

63 00

18

1 129

52

1 418

85

1 783

1 235

25 88

31 70

1 540

51 78

63 43

19

1 137

53

1 428

86

1 792

1 240

26 35

32 28

1 545

52 12

63 85

20

1 145

54

1 438

87

1 800

1 245

26 83

32 86

1 550

52 46

64 26

21

1 153

55

1 448

88

1 807

1 250

27 29

33 40

1 555

52 79

64 67

22

1 161

56

1 459

89

1 814

1 255

27 76

34 00

1 560

53 12

65 08

23

1 168

57

1 469

90

1 820

1 260

28 22

34 57

1 565

53 46

65 49

24

1 176

58

1 480

91

825

1 265

28 69

35 14

1 570

53 80

65 90

25

1 184

59

1 491

92

8294

1 270

29 15

35 71

1 575

54 13

66 30

26

1 191

60

1 501

93

8339

1 275

29 62

36 29

1 580

54 46

66 71

27

1 199

61

1 512

94

8372

1 280

30 10

36 87

1 585

54 80

67 13

28

1 207

62

1 523

95

8390

1 285

30 57

31 45

1 590

55 18

67 59

29

1 215

63

1 535

96

8406

1 290

31 04

38 03

1 595

55 55

68 05

30

1 223

64

1 546

97

8410

1 295

31 52

38 61

1 600

55 93

68 51

31

1 231

65

1 558

98

8412

1 300

31 99

39 19

1 605

56 30

68 97

32

1 239

66

1 569

99

8403

1 305

32 46

39 77

1 610

5b 68

69 43

33

1 247

67

1 580

100

1 8384

1 310

32 94

40 35

1 615

o7 05

69 89

34

1 256

1 315

33 41

40 93

1 620

57 40

70 32

1 390

33 8£

41 50

1 A7f\

C7 re

7fl 74

(From 1-91 % according to Kolb, calcu-

J. O^v/

1 325

oo oo

34 35

42 08

1 D— O

1 630

Oi i U

5S 09

/ U I TT

71 16

lated by Gerlach, from 92-100% according to

1 330

34 80

42 bfi

635

08 43

71 57

Lunge and Nael, calculated by Gerlach, Z

1 335

35 27

43 20

640

58 74

71 99

anal 27 316 )

1 340

35 71

43 74

645

59 10

72 40

1 34o

36 14

44 28

6 DO

59 45

72 88

Sp gi of H2S()4 at 15° compared \\ith H O

1 350
1 3i)

36 5S
37 02

44 S2
45 3o

6o5
660

59 7S
60 11

73 23
73 64

it 4° ind 0 nun piesbiue

1 3bO

37 4)

4) SS

665

60 46

74 07

(/

1 3(n

37 89

4h 41

670

60 82

74 51

fap gr

bOj

H feO,

Sp fcr

b6j

11 ^04

1 370

3S :>2

4(> 94

675

61 20

7.1 <}7

1 375

3S 7)

47 47

6SO

61 )7

75 42

1 000

0 07

0 09

1 075

8 90

10 90

1 iSO

39 IS

4S 00

6^5

61 93

7o 86

1 005

0 ()S

0 So

1 080

9 47

11 60

1 3S5

39 62

48 r^

1 690

62 29

70 30

1 010

1 2A

1 57

1 085

10 04

12 30

1 390

40 05

49 06

1 690

62 64

76 73

1 015

1 88

2 30

1 090

10 ()()

12 99

1 395

49 48

49 o9

1 700

63 00

77 17

1 020

2 47

3 03

1 095

11 1(>

13 67

1 400

40 91

oO 11

1 705

63 35

77 60

1 025

3 07

3 76

1 100

11 71

14 35

1 405

41 33

of) 63

1 710

63 70

7S 04

1 030

3 67

4 49

1 105

12 27

15 07

1 410

41 76

ol 15

1 715

64 07

78 48

1 035

4 27

5 23

1 110

12 82

15 71

1 415

42 17

51 66

1 720

64 43

7S 02

1 040

4 87

5 96

1 115

13 36

16 3b

1 J20

42 o7

52 15

1 72o

64 78

79 36

1 045

5 45

6 67

1 120

13 89

17 01

1 425

42 9G

52 63

1 7 0

65 14

79 80

1 050

6 02

7 37

1 125

14 42

17 66

1 430

43 36

53 11

1 735

65 50

80 24

1 055

6 59

8 07

1 130

14 95

18 31

1 435

43 75

53 59

1 740

65 86

80 68

1 060

7 16

8 77

1 135

15 48

18 96

1 440

44 14

54 07

1 745

66 22

81 12

1 065

7 73

9 47

1 140

16 01

19 61

1 445

44 53

54 55

1 750

66 58

81 56

1 070

8 32

10 19

1 145

16 54

20 26

1 4oO

44 92

55 03

1 755

66 94

82 00

908

SULPHURIC ACID

Sp gr of HaS04+Aq at 15°— Continued

Correction of sp gr for temperature to be added a
lowering of the temp of 10° or subtracted a

corresponding increase

Sp gr

Sl_>4

HibOi

3p gr

S&s

H2&04

Sp gr
of acid

Corr

Sp gr
of acid

Corr

Sp gr
of acid

Cc

oqoo

32 61

40

1 1410

Ib 31

20

at o°

at 0°

at 0

1 2s2j

3J 98

38

1 124b

14 68

18

1 04

0 002

1 15

0 005

1 4o

0 C

1 2bo4

29 35

3o

1 1090

13 Oo

16

1 07

0 003

1 20

0 006

1 70

0 C

1 219J

27 "2

34

1 09^3

11 41

14

1 10

0 004

1 30

0 007

1 85

0 C 6

1 2334

23 09

32

1 0809

9 78

12

1 2184

21 46

30

1 0)S2

S lo

10

(Umeau )

I 2032
1 1870

22 S3

21 20

20

1 Oo44
1 040-3

6 52

4 89

8
6

Sp gr

of H2S04+Aq at 15° a - %, b p

1 1700

10 o7

24

1 023S
1 0140 ± v,^

3 23
i ai

4

0

if % is SO3, c=sp gr if % is Ha )4

1 Io49

17 94

22

b

Q

a

b

"™

(Ire Schw J 35 444)

a

(

1

1

009

1 0064

51

1 530

1 ' 5

2

1

017

1 013

52

1 545

1 * 5

3

1

025

1 019

53

1 556

1 < 3

4

1

034

1 0256

54

1 573

1 S

Sp gr of HsS04+Aq

5

1

041

1 032

55

1 585

1 S

Q

1

049

1 039

56

1 600

<UO°

•U lo°

7

1

058

1 0464

57

1 615

1 9

Degrees
Baumc

Sp gr

S
9

1
1

067
076

1 0536
1 061

58
59

1 627
1 642

1 0
1 0

%

%

7

Of

faU3

HS04

sSa

HSO,

10

1

085

1 068

60

1 656

1 0

5

1 036

5 1

4 2

5 4

4 5

11

1

095

1 0756

61

1 675

1 2

10

1 O/o

10 3

S 4

10 9

8 9

12

1

104

1 083

62

1 689

1 3

15
20

1 116
1 161
1 2J9

lo o
21 2
27 2

12 7
17 3
22 2

16 3
22 4
23 3

13 3
IS 3
23 1

13
14

1
1

114
123

1 091
1 098

63
64

1 701
1 716

1 4
1 5

30

33 b

2/ 4

34 8

28 4

15

1

133

1 106

65

1 730

1 7

33
35
3o

1 290
1 320
1 332

37 6

41 7

30 7
33 0
34 1

38 9
41 6
43 0

31 8
34 0
35 1

16
17

1
1

142
150

1 1136
1 121

66

67

1 742
1 755

1 8
1 0

37

1 34o

44 3

30 2

18

1

160

1 129

68

1 770

1 2

3S

39

40

1 337
1 370
1 383

44 3
4o 9
4" 3

35 3
3/ o
38 6

43 O

4j 9
4S 4

37 2
38 3
39 o

19
20

1
1

170
180

1 136

1 144

69
70

1 781
1 792

1 4
1 5

41

1 397

4S "

33 7

49 9

40 7

21

1

190

1 1516

71

1 802

1 7

42
43
44

1 410
1 42i
1 438

oO 0
ol 4
o2 S

40 8
41 9
43 1

ol 2

02 3

o4 0

41 S
42 9

44 1

22
23

1
1

200
210

1 159
1 167

72
73

1 810
1 819

9

1

4o

1 4)3

o4 3

44 3

03 4

4o 2

24

1

220

1 174

74

1 825

3

4b
47
4S

1 4bS
1 483
1 49S

oo 7
o/ 1
oS o

4o 5
4j 6

4, 8

oO 9
08 2
39 6

46 4
47 3
48 7

25
26

1
1

229
239

1 182
1 190

75
76

1 830

1 834

5

6

49

1 o!4

GO 0

49 0

01 1

oD 0

27

1

248

1 198

77

1 837

ig

oJ

1 331

1 o 10

bl 4
6° 9

ol 3

b2 b
b3 9

51 1
52 2

28

1

258

1 2066

78

1 839

1 0

3J

<)4 4

)2 b

<» 4

o3 4

29

1

268

1 215

79

1 841

1 2

1 ?S)

03 9

33 S

(>') 9

54 b

30

1

278

1 223

80

1 842

1 4

>4

1 )97
1 (>lo

b t 4
OS )

33 0
3D '

(>8 4
"0 0

30 8

o7 1

31

1

288

1 231

81

1 5

/O )

"1 6

08 4

32

1

300

1 239

82

1 .6

J-

1 n2

"2 1

3S S

73 2

oO 7

33

1

310

1 2476

83

1 )7

"^

1 ( 1

1 l 01

3 h

bl) 1

74 "

bl 0

34

1

320

1 256

84

1 7

0

1 -11

- , "J

(>2 s

7s 0

()3 b

35

1

332

1 2b4

85

1 56

]

1 -{_>

"S

(>4 2

79 S

f>3 1

36

1

341

1 272

86

1 )4

2

1 ~ 1

8 ) 4
SJ 4

b3 7

b7 2

si 7
S3 9

6b 7
68 o

37

1

354

1 281

87

1 )2

4

1 "" )(

S4 (>

b'J 0

s> 3

70 4

38

1

367

1 289

88

1 )9

3

1 si »

S" 4

71 3

S9 3

73 0

39

1

378

1 2976

89

1 16

It) >

1 SlU

SJ 1
K) 4

72 2

7o S

<U 8
94 o

74 9

77

40

1

390

1 306

90

1 >2

,

1 S4J

"4 >

100 0

81 (>

41

1

401

1 315

91

1 >7

) ) *

1 Sib

02 )

~3 D

42

1

415

1 324

92

1 51

>< 4

1 S i"

>3 0

1 )0 0

"7 o
SI b

43

1

427

1 333

93

1 J4

44

1

440

1 342

94

1 356

(Bin au \ ch (3) 28 121 )

45
46

1
1

451
465

1 351
1 361

95
96

1 J76
1 384

47

1

478

1 370

97

i to

48

1

490

1 379

98

1 106

The p gr found at t° can be reduced to so er at

49

1

501

1 3886

99

1 12

0 b\ multiphmg

144 38

using the follow

50

1

517

1 398

100

1 126

by!44 .^ t or bi

ing table (Bineau )

(Bineau, calculated by Gerlach, Z anal 8 )2)

SULPHUKIC ACID

909

Sp gr of H2SO4+Aq at 15°, H*0 at 0° = 1

Sp gr of H2S04, etc — Continued

H!O.

Sp gr

H!O<

Sp gr

Ha^04

Sp gr

Sp gr

S%3

H&)4

Sp gr

&

H!O<

1

1 006

35

1 264

68

1 592

1 150

17 07

20 91

1 455

45 31

55 50

2

1 012

36

1 272

69

1 604

1 155

17 59

21 55

1 460

45 69

55 97

3

1 018

37

1 281

70

1 615

1 160

IS 11

22 19

1 465

46 07

56 43

4

1 025

38

1 290

71

1 626

1 165

18 64

22 83

1 470

46 45

56 90

5

1 032

39

1 298

72

1 638

1 170

19 06

23 47

1 475

46 83

57 37

6

1 039

40

1 307

73

1 650

1 175

19 69

24 12

1 480

47 21

57 83

7

1 046

41

1 316

74

1 662

1 180

20 21

24 76

1 485

47 57

58 28

8

1 053

42

1 324

75

1 674

1 185

20 73

25 40

1 490

47 95

58 74

9

1 061

43

1 333

76

1 684

1 190

21 26

26 04

1 495

48 34

59 22

10

1 069

44

1 342

77

1 697

1 195

21 78

26 68

1 500

48 73

59 70

11

1 076

45

1 352

78

1 710

1 200

22 30

27 32

1 505

49 12

60 18

12

1 084

46

1 361

79

1 721

1 205

22 82

27 95

1 510

49 51

60 65

13

1 091

47

1 370

80

1 732

1 210

23 33

28 58

1 515

49 89

61 12

14

1 099

48

1 379

81

1 743

1 215

23 84

29 21

1 520

50 28

61 59

15

1 106

49

1 389

82

1 753

1 220

24 36

29 84

1 525

50 66

62 06

16

1 114

50

1 399

83

1 763

1 225

24 88

30 48

1 530

51 04

62 53

17

1 122

51

1 409

84

1 773

1 230

25 39

31 11

1 535

51 43

63 00

18

1 129

52

1 418

85

1 783

1 235

25 88

31 70

1 540

51 78

63 43

19

1 137

53

1 428

86

1 792

1 240

26 35

32 28

1 545

52 12

63 85

20

1 145

54

1 438

87

1 800

1 245

26 83

32 86

1 550

52 46

64 26

21

1 153

55

1 448

88

1 807

1 250

27 29

33 40

1 555

52 79

64 67

22

1 161

56

1 459

89

1 814

1 255

27 76

34 00

1 560

53 12

65 08

23

1 168

57

1 469

90

1 820

1 260

28 22

34 57

1 565

53 46

65 49

24

1 176

58

1 480

91

1 825

1 265

28 69

35 14

1 570

53 80

65 90

25

1 184

59

1 491

92

1 8294

1 270

29 15

35 71

1 575

54 13

66 30

26

1 191

60

1 501

93

1 8339

1 275

29 62

36 29

1 580

54 46

66 71

27

1 199

61

1 512

94

1 8372

1 280

30 10

36 87

1 585

54 80

67 13

28

1 207

62

1 523

95

1 8390

1 285

30 57

31 45

1 590

55 18

67 59

29

1 215

63

1 535

96

1 8406

1 290

31 04

38 03

1 595

55 55

68 05

30

1 223

64

1 546

97

1 8410

1 295

31 52

38 61

1 600

55 93

68 51

31

1 231

65

1 558

98

1 8412

1 300

31 99

39 19

1 605

56 30

68 97

32

1 239

66

1 569

99

1 8403

1 305

32 46

39 77

1 610

5b 68

69 43

33

1 247

67

1 580

100

1 8384

1 310

32 94

40 35

1 615

57 05

69 89

34

1 256

1 315

33 41

40 93

1 620

57 40

70 32

1 320

33 88

41 50

1 fpp;

K7 7K

7O 74-

(From 1-91 % according to Jkolb, calcu-

1 325

34 35

42 OS

1 U— <J

1 630

u i t u

58 09

4 VJ 1 T:

71 16

lated by Gerlach, from 92-100% according to

1 330

34 SO

42 66

1 63o

58 43

71 57

Lunge ind Naei, calculated by Gerlach, Z

1 33o

3o 27

43 20

1 640

58 74

71 99

anal 27 316)

1 340

35 71

43 74

1 645

59 10

72 40

1 34o

36 14

44 28

1 bjO

59 45

72 88

Sp gr of H2SO4 at 15° compared \\ith H>O

1 3 30
1 3-)o

36 5S
37 02

44 S2
45 3}

1 boo
1 660

59 78
60 11

73 23
73 64

it 4° ind 0 mm piessuie

i 360

37 4)

45 SS

1 fob?

60 46

74 07

t /

{

<

1 36)

37 89

4«> 41

1 670

bf) 82

74 51

Sp fer

bOj

11 SC)4

Sp j,r

bOj

H bC>4

1 370

1 57 >

3S 32

Qt 7(T

4b 94

A.1 -17

1 b7)
11 i /\

bl 20

t\ 1 ""7

yj. 97

«e l>

1 000

0 07

0 09

1 075

8 90

10 90

1 O/ )

1 3SO

O*> / )

9 IS

•±/ -±«

4S 00

boU
1 6^0

bl >7
bl 93

/ \> •*,£

7o 86

1 005

0 bS

0 83

1 080

9 47

11 60

1 3S5

39 62

48 5:>

1 690

62 29

76 30

1 010

1 2$

1 57

085

10 04

12 30

1 >90

40 (b

49 06

1 695

b2 64

76 73

1 015

1 88

2 30

090

10 b()

12 99

1 395

49 48

49 59

1 700

63 00

77 17

1 020

2 47

3 03

095

11 Ib

13 67

1 400

40 91

50 11

1 703

b3 3)

77 60

1 02o

3 07

3 76

100

11 71

14 35

1 405

41 33

50 63

1 710

63 70

7^ 04

1 030

3 67

4 49

105

12 27

15 07

1 410

41 76

51 15

715

64 07

78 48

1 035

4 27

5 23

110

12 82

15 71

1 415

42 17

51 66

720

64 43

78 92

1 040

4 87

5 96

1 115

13 36

16 36

1 420

42 57

52 15

72 3

64 78

79 36

1 045

5 45

b 67

1 120

13 89

17 01

1 425

42 96

52 63

7,0

6) 14

79 80

1 050

6 02

7 37

1 125

14 42

17 66

1 430

43 36

53 11

735

60 50

80 24

1 055

6 59

8 07

1 130

14 95

18 31

1 435

43 75

53 59

740

65 86

80 68

1 060

7 16

8 77

1 135

15 48

18 96

1 440

44 14

54 07

1 745

66 22

81 12

1 065

7 73

9 47

1 140

16 01

19 61

1 445

44 53

54 55

1 750

66 58

81 56

1 070

8 32

10 19

1 145

16 54

20 26

1 450

44 92

55 03

1 755

66 94

82 00

910

SULPHURIC ACID

Sp gr of H2S04, etc — Continued

Sp gr of cone H2S04, etc — Cantom d

b

c

CJ

Sp gr

%

%

% HJ30*

Sp gr

% H-SO*

SP «

hO*

H sOi

4

A1

1 8414

93 32

Q ~~"

1 760

67 30

82 44

1 829

75 03

91 90

95 55

1 8413

93 29

1 83

1 7b5

67 £>•>

82 SS

1 830

75 19

92 10

95 50

1 8412

93 26

1 83

1 770

68 02

83 32

1 831

75 35

92 30

95 45

1 8411

93 23

1 83

1 775

68 49

83 90

1 832

75 53

92 52

95 40

1 8410

93 20

1 83

1 780

68 98

84 50

1 833

75 72

92 75

95 35

1 8409

93 17

1 83

1 785

69 74

85 10

1 834

75 96

93 05

95 30

1 8408

93 14

1 83

1 790

69 96

85 70

1 835

76 27

93 43

95 25

1 8407

93 12

1 83

1 795

70 45

86 30

1 836

76 57

93 80

95 21

1 8406

93 09

1 83

1 800

70 94

86 90

1 837

76 90

94 20

95 16

1 8405

93 06

1 83

1 805

71 50

S7 60

1 838

77 23

94 60

95 12

1 8404

93 00

1 83

1 810

72 08

88 30

1 839

77 55

95 00

95 08

1 8403

92 98

1 83

1 815

72 69

89 05

1 840

78 04

95 60

95 04

1 8402

92 95

1 83

1 820

73 51

90 05

1 8405

78 33

95 95

95 00

1 8101

92 93

1 83

1 821

73 63

90 20

1 8415

79 19

97 00

94 96

1 8400

92 90

1 83

1 822

73 80

90 40

1 8410

79 76

97 70

94 92

1 8399

92 87

1 83

1 823

73 96

90 60

1 8415

80 16

98 20

94 88

1 8398

92 84

1 83

1 824

74 12

90 80

1 8400

80 57

98 70

94 84

1 8397

92 82

1 83

1 825

74 29

91 00

1 8400

80 98

99 20

94 81

1 8396

92 79

1 83

1 826

74 49

91 25

1 8395

81 18

99 45

94 77

1 8395

92 77

1 83

1 827

74 69

91 50

1 8390

81 39

99 70

94 73

1 8394

92 73

1 83

1 828

74 86

91 70

1 8385

81 59

99 95

94 69

f\A OK

1 8393

92 71

1 83

(Lunge and Isler, Zeit angeu Ch 9 129 )

y± oo
94 61

1 8391

92 66

1 83
1 S3

94 57

1 8390

92 63

1 83

Sp gr of cone H S04+A.q at 15°

94 53
94 49

1 8389
1 838S

92 61
92 59

1 83
1 83

<% H S04

Sp gr

fo H SO*

Sp gr

94 46

1 8387

92 56

1 83

94 42

1 8386

1 92 54

1 83

100

11 S3S4

99 02

1 8417

94 38

1 8385

92 52

1 83

99 9S

*1 S3S5

98 98

1 8418

94 34

1 8384

92 49

1 83

99 9b

1 8386

98 94

1 8419

94 31

1 8383

92 46

1 83

99 94

1 8387

98 84

1 8420

94 27

1 8382

92 44

1 83

99 92

£l S3SS

98 84

1 8421

94 24

1 8381

92 41

1 83

99 90

1 8389

98 78

1 8i22

94 20

1 8380

92 39

1 83

99 88

1 8390

9S 71

1 8423

94 17

1 8379

92 ^7

1 83

99 86

1 8391

98 63

1 8424

94 13

1 8378

92 34

1 83

99 84

1 8392

98 06

1 8425

94 10

1 8377

92 32

1 S3

99 SI

1 S393

98 4^

1 842o

94 07

1 8376

92 29

1 83

99 7S

1 S394

98 40

1 8427

94 03

1 S375

92 27

1 83

99 7b

1 S395

98 32

1 8428

94 00

1 8374

92 24

1 83

99 73

1 S398

9s 22

1 8429

93 97

1 837^

92 22

1 S>

99 70

1 S39T

98 08

1 8430

93 93

1 8372

92 19

1 S3!

99 b7

1 So98

97 85

1 8431

93 90

1 8371

92 17

1 S3!

99 t>4

1 S>99

97 oO

1 8432

93 87

1 8370

92 15

1 83<

9<) hi

1 S400

97 10

1 8431

93 83

1 8369

92 12

1 S3!

9> )S

1 S401

9b 93

1 S430

93 80

1 8368

92 10

1 S3<

9M > )

1 S402

96 7(>

1 8429

93 77

1 8367

92 07

1 S3!

99 >2

1 S40o

9) 60

1 8428

93 74

1 S36b

92 0)

1 831

99 49

1 S4v)4

9b 55

1 8427

93 71

1 8365

02 02

1 831

99 4b

1 S405

9b 46

1 842b

93 68

1 8364

92 00

1 83!

99 43

1 S49b

96 39

1 8425

93 65

1 8363

91 98

1 831

99 40

1 S407

96 31

1 8424

93 62

1 8362

91 95

1 82<

99 47

1 S40S

% 24

1 8423

93 59

1 8361

91 93

1 82'

99 o3

1 S409

96 Ib

1 8422

93 56

1 8360

91 91

1 82'

99 29

1 S410

96 09

1 8421

93 53

1 8359

91 88

1 82<

99 2)

1 8411

9b 02

1 8420

93 50

1 8358

91 86

1 82'

99 22

1 8412

95 95

1 S419

93 47

1 8357

91 84

1 82<

99 19

1 8413

95 88

1 8418

93 44

1 8356

91 81

1 82<

99 Ib

1 8414

95 81

1 8417

93 41

1 8355

91 78

1 82<

99 11
99 06

1 8415
1 8416

95 74
95 67

1 8416
1 8415

93 38
93 35

1 8354
1 8353

91 76
91 74

1 82<
1 82<

SULPHURIC 1CID

911

Sp gr of cone H2SO4, etc — Contvnued

Sp gr of cone H2SO4+Aq at 15°

% H S04

Sp gr

%HaSO4

Sp gr

% H SO*

Sp gr % H SO4 Sp gr

91 72
91 70
91 68
91 65
91 63
91 61
91 59
91 56
91 54
91 52
91 50
91 47
91 45
91 43
91 41
91 39
91 37
91 35
91 32
91 30
91 28
91 26
91 24
91 22
91 20
91 18
91 16
91 14
91 12
91 10
91 08
91 06
91 04
91 02
91 00
90 98
90 96
90 94
90 92
90 90
90 88
90 86
90 84
90 82
90 80

1 8298
1 8288
1 8287
1 8286
1 8285
1 8284
1 8283
1 8282
1 8281
1 8280
1 8279
1 8278
1 8277
1 8276
1 8275
1 8274
1 8273
1 8272
1 8271
1 8270
1 8269
1 8268
1 8267
1 8266
1 8265
1 8264
1 8263
1 8262
1 8261
1 8260
1 8259
1 8258
1 8257
1 8256
1 8255
1 8254
1 8253
1 8252
1 8251
1 8250
1 8249
1 8248
1 8247
1 8246
1 8215

90 78
90 76
90 74
90 72
90 70
90 68
90 66
90 64
90 62
90 60
90 59
90 57
90 55
90 53
90 51
90 49
90 47
90 46
90 44
90 42
90 40
90 38
I 90 37
90 35
90 33
90 31
90 29
90 28
90 26
90 24
90 23
90 20
90 18
90 17
90 15
90 13
90 11
90 10
90 08
90 Ob
90 04
90 02
90 01
89 99
89 97

1 8244
1 8243
1 8242
1 8241
1 8240
1 8239
1 8238
1 8237
1 8236
1 8235
1 8234
1 8233
1 8232
1 8231
1 8230
1 8229
1 8228
1 8227
1 8226
1 8225
1 8224
1 8223
1 8222
1 8221
1 8220
1 8219
1 8218
1 8217
1 8216
1 8215
1 8214
1 8213
1 8212
1 8211
1 8210
1 8209
1 8208
1 8207
1 8206
1 8205
1 8204
1 8203
1 8202
1 8201
1 8200

90
*90 20
91
*91 48
92
*92 83
93
94
*94 84
95
*95 97

1 8185 96 1 8406
1 8195 97 1 8410
1 8241 *97 70 1 8413
1 8271 98 1 8412
1 8294 *98 39 1 8406
1 8334 *98 66 1 8409
1 8339 99 1 8403
1 8372 *99 47 1 8395
1 8387 100 1 8384
1 8390 *100 35 1 8411
1 8406

*Determmed by experiment
(Lunge and Naef, Dmgl 248 91 )
Sp gr of H2SO4+Aq at room temp con-
jaimng
7 875 15 503 23 429% H2S04
1 0651 1 1305 1 2003
(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 265)

Sp gr of H2S044- Aq at 25°

Concentration of H SO-i+Aq

Sp gr

1 — normal

Vr- "
If- "

Vs- "

1 0303
1 0154
1 0074
1 0035

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 40 )

Sp gr ofdil H2SO4+-Vq

G equivalents
H SO4 pei liter

t°

Sp gr t /t°

0 005049
0 01009
0 01512
0 02014
0 03014

17 34o
17 360
17 382
17 39S
17 419

1 000208?
1 0004020
1 OOOoS79
1 000769
1 001125

0 00252b
0 0050oO
0 01006
0 02005
0 03001
0 049SO
0 09S64
0 1465O)
0 193)4
0 28942
0 47-41)6

IS 039

IS 040
18 040
IS 040
is 039
18 040
18 04S

1 0001 06o
1 00020S4
1 0004009
1 000766S
1 001120S
1 0018096
1 00 34 GO
1 00o045
1 003 ^0
1 009686
1 015616

(Richmond [c ilculited from Pickering, Ohem
Soc 57 04] Jour So< Ch Ind 9 479)

IS 070
18 0>0
18 Oo2
IS 055

0 4980
4 980

17 73
17 95

1 01634
1 Io234

0 005176
0 01035
0 01551
0 12648
0 25151
0 37672
0 50503

12 997
13 020
13 005
13 031
13 Oil
13 007
12 998

1 0002106
1 000411
1 000603
1 00443°
1 008565
1 012639
1 016758

(Kohlrausch, \\ Ann 1894, 53 28 )

912

SULPHURIC ACID

%H2S04° * 7968 6098 3577
Sp gr 20°/20° 1 7383 1 5181 1 2719

Sp gr 20°/20° 10685 10317
(Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phys Ch 1896,

Sp gr of N-H2S04+Aq at 18°/4°-l 0306
(Loomis, W Ann 1896, 60 550 )

Sp gr of H2S04-fAq at 19 4°, when p =
percent strength ol solution, d = obseived
density, w= volume cone m grams pei

ce (*L-*)

Vioo /

Sp gr of fuming H2SO4 at 35°

Total
S03%

Free
S03%

Sp gr

Total
S03%

Free

Sp r

81 63
81 99
82 36
82 73
83 09
83 46
83 82
84 20
84 56
84 92
85 30
85 66
86 03
86 40
86 76
87 14
87 50
87 87
88 24
88 60
88 97
89 33
89 70
90 07
90 44
90 81

0
2

4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20

24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
42
44
46
48
50

1 8186
1 8270
1 8360
1 8425
1 8498
1 8565
1 8627
1 8692
1 8756
1 8830
1 8919
1 9020
1 9092
1 9158
1 9220
1 9280
1 9338
1 9405
1 9474
1 9534
1 9584
1 9612
1 9643
1 9672
1 9702
1 9733

91 15
91 5£
91 91
92 28
92 6£
93 02
93 38
93 75
94 11
94 48
94 85
95 21
95 58
95 95
96 32
96 69
97 05
97 42
97 78
98 16
98 53
98 90
99 26
99 63
100 00

* 52
54
56
» 58
60
62
64
66
68
70
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
90
92
94
96
98
100

1 49
1 60
1 72
1 64
1 38
1 09
1 72
1 36
1 00
1 64
1 02

1 79
1 15
1 51
1 S3

1 15

1 J BO
1 * 38
1 * 30
1 * 12
1 * 35
1 J 38
1 £ TO

p

d

*

94
84
73
61
40
31
23
14
9
4

10
59

OS
35
72
94
77
72
802
826

1 8380
1 7998
1 6743
1 5341
1 3220
1 2430
1 1747
1 1023
1 0670
1 0320

1 7295
1 5223
1 2235
0 9412
0 5383
0 3970
0 2792
0 1623
0 1046
0 0498

(Barnes, J Phjs Chem 1898,2 546
Sp gr of H2S04+4qat20°

\ormalitA of

-

5 HS04

Sp gr

(Knietsch, B 1901, 34 4101 )
Sp gr of H2S04-fAq at 15°/15° in air

11

9
6
4
3
1

53

01

77
OOS
002

70 07
o9 26
49 10
36 68
25 00
9 25

1 6129
1 4901
1 3872
1 2756
1 1791
1 0612

Sp gr

% H2S04

Sp gr

% H SO,

Sp gr

%H 04

1 000
1 001
1 002
1 003
1 004
1 005
1 OOi
1 007

1 009
1 010
1 Oil
1 012
1 013
1 014
1 015
1 016
1 017
1 018
1 019
1 020
1 021
1 022
1 023
1 024
1 025
1 026
1 027

0 00
0 15
0 31
0 46
0 60
0 73
0 87
1 01
1 15
1 30
1 45
1 60
1 75
1 89
2 04
2 19
2 34
2 49
2 64
2 79
2 93
3 0^
3 23
3 38
3 53
3 67
3 82
3 97

1 028
1 029
1 030
1 031
1 032
1 033
1 034
1 035
1 03(
1 037
1 038
1 039
1 040
1 041
1 042
1 043
1 044
1 045
1 04t
1 047
1 048
1 049
1 050
1 051
1 052
1 053
1 054
1 055

4 12
4 28
4 41

A CA

4 70

4 85
5 00
5 14
5 29
5 44
5 58
5 73
5 8S
6 03
6 17
6 32
6 46
G GC
6 75
6 89
7 04
7 18
7 32
7 47
7 61
7 76
7 90
8 04

1 056
1 057
1 05s
1 059
1 060
1 Ool
1 0)2
1 063
1 064
I Ob5

I ()0()

1 Oo7
1 06S
1 069
1 070
1 071
1 072
1 073
1 074
1 075
1 07C
1 077
1 07S
1 079
1 080
1 081
1 082
1 OSS

8 )
8 5

8 '
8 >
8 >
8 ) ,
9 t !
9 ,
9 ,
9
9 1
9 .
9 I
10
10
10

10 r

10
10
10
11 i
11
11
11
11
11
11
11

(toichheima / ph>s Ch 1900,34 27)
Sp gr of cone and fuming H S04 at 15° and 45°

r

lotdl

Fret

Sp gr it

lo

Sp gr at 4o

95 9^

% 99
97 66

99 76
100 0(

7s oo
78 92
79 18
79 72
80 53
M 14
M 44
SI 63
s> 40
So 30
S7 14
SS 97
90 SI
92 60
94 4S
96 32
9S 16
00 001

0 0
10 0
20 0
30 0
40 0
)() 0
60 0
70 0
SO 0
90 0
00 0

1 8418
1 8429
1 8431
1 8434 ma\
1 S403
1 8388 nun
1 8418
1 8500
1 SS8
1 920
1 957
1 979
2 009
2 020 max
2 018
2 OOS
1 990
1 9S4

1 822
1 S5S
1 887
1 920
1 945
1 964 ma\
1 950
1 942
1 890
1 864
1 814

(Knietsch, 13

1901,34

4102)

SULPHURIC ACID

913

Sp gr of H2SO4+Aq at 15°/15° in air —
Continued

Sp gr of H2S04-f Aq at 15°/15° in air —
Continued

Sp gr

% H.SO4

Sp gr

% E«304

Sp gr

% H S04

Sp gr

% H2S04

Sp gr

% H2S04

Sp gr

% HaSO^

1 084

12 11

1 145

20 25

1 206

27 95

1 267

35 33

1 328

42 35

1 389

48 92

1 085

12 24

1 146

20 38

1 207

28 08

1 268

35 45

1 329

42 46

1 390

49 02

1 086

12 38

1 147

20 51

1 208

28 20

1 269

35 57

1 330

42 57

1 391

49 13

1 087

12 52

1 148

20 64

1 209

28 32

1 270

35 68

1 331

42 68

1 392

49 23

1 088

12 66

1 149

20 77

1 210

28 45

1 271

35 80

1 332

42 79

1 393

49 34

1 089

12 79

1 150

20 90

1 211

28 57

1 272

35 92

1 333

42 90

1 394

49 44

1 090

12 93

1 151

21 03

1 212

28 69

1 273

36 04

1 334

43 01

1 395

49 54

1 091

13 07

1 152

21 16

1 213

28 82

1 274

36 15

1 335

43 12

1 396

49 65

1 092

13 20

1 153

21 28

1 214

28 94

•1 275

36 27

1 336

43 23

1 397

49 75

1 093

13 34

1 154

21 41

1 215

29 06

1 276

36 39

1 337

43 35

1 398

49 86

1 094

13 48

1 155

21 54

1 216

29 18

1 277

36 51

1 338

43 46

1 399

49 96

1 095

13 61

1 156

21 67

1 217

29 31

1 278

36 62

1 339

43 57

1 400

50 06

1 096

13 75

1 157

21 80

1 218

29 43

1 279

36 70

1 340

43 68

1 401

50 16

1 097

13 89

1 158

21 93

1 219

29 55

1 280

36 86

1 341

43 79

1 402

50 26

1 098

14 02

1 159

22 05

1 220

29 69

1 281

36 97

1 342

43 90

1 403

50 37

1 099

14 16

1 160

22 18

1 221

29 80

1 282

37 09

1 343

44 01

1 404

50 47

1 100

14 29

1 161

22 31

1 222

29 92

1 283

37 21

1 344

44 12

1 405

50 57

1 101

14 43

1 162

22 44

1 223

30 04

1 284

37 32

1 345

44 23

1 406

50 67

1 102

14 56

1 163

22 56

1 224

30 17

1 285

37 44

1 346

44 34

1 407

50 77

1 103

14 70

1 164

22 69

1 225

30 29

1 286

37 56

1 347

44 45

1 408

50 88

1 104

14 83

1 165

22 82

1 226

30 41

1 287

37 68

1 348

44 56

1 409

50 98

1 105

14 97

1 166

22 94

1 227

30 53

1 288

37 79

1 349

44 67

1 410

51 08

1 106

15 10

1 167

23 07

1 228

30 65

1 289

37 91

1 350

44 77

1 411

51 18

1 107

15 24

1 168

23 20

1 229

30 78

1 290

38 03

1 351

44 88

1 412

51 28

1 108

15 37

1 169

23 32

1 230

30 90

1 291

38 14

1 352

44 99

1 413

51 38

1 109

15 51

1 170

23 45

1 231

31 02

1 292

38 26

1 353

45 10

1 414

51 48

1 110

15 64

1 171

23 57

1 232

31 14

1 293

38 37

1 354

45 21

1 415

51 58

1 111

15 78

1 172

23 71

1 233

31 26

1 294

38 49

1 355

45 32

1 416

51 68

1 112

15 91

1 173

23 83

1 234

31 38

1 295

38 60

1 356

45 43

1 417

51 78

1 113

16 05

174

23 9b

1 235

31 50

1 296

38 72

1 357

45 53

1 418

51 89

1 114

16 18

175

24 08

1 236

31 62

1 297

38 83

1 358

45 64

1 419

51 99

1 115

16 31

176

24 21

1 237

31 75

1 298

38 95

1 359

45 75

1 420

52 09

1 116

16 45

177

24 34

1 238

31 87

1 399

39 06

1 360

45 86

1 421

52 19

1 117

16 58

178

24 46

1 239

31 99

1 300

39 18

1 361

45 97

1 422

52 29

1 118

16 71

179

24 59

1 240

32 11

1 301

39 29

1 362

46 07

1 423

52 39

1 119

16 84

180

24 71

1 241

32 23

1 302

39 41

1 363

46 IS

1 424

52 49

1 120

16 98

181

24 84

1 242

32 35

1 303

39 52

1 364

46 29

1 425

52 59

1 121

17 11

1 182

24 97

I 243

32 47

1 304

39 64

1 365

46 39

1 426

52 69

1 122

17 24

1 183

25 09

1 244

32 59

1 305

39 75

1 366

46 50

1 427

52 79

1 123

17 37

1 184

25 22

245

32 71

1 306

39 86

1 367

46 61

1 428

52 89

1 124

17 51

1 185

25 34

1 24b

32 83

1 307

39 98

1 368

46 71

1 429

52 98

1 125

17 64

1 18b

25 47

1 247

32 95

1 308

40 09

1 369

46 82

1 430

53 08

1 126

17 77

1 187

25 59

1 248

33 07

1 309

40 20

1 370

46 92

1 431

53 18

1 127

17 90

1 188

25 72

1 219

33 19

1 310

40 32

1 371

47 03

1 432

53 28

1 128

Ib 03

1 189

25 84

1 250

33 31

1 311

40 43

1 372

47 14

1 433

53 38

1 129

18 16

1 190

25 97

1 251

33 43

1 312

40 54

1 373

47 24

1 434

53 48

1 130

18 30

1 191

2b 09

1 252

33 55

1 313

40 66

I 374

47 35

1 4>5

53 58

1 131

18 43

1 192

26 22

1 253

33 67

1 314

40 77

1 375

47 45

1 436

53 68

1 132

18 5b

1 193

26 34

1 254

33 79

1 315

40 88

1 376

47 06

1 437

53 78

1 133

18 69

1 194

26 47

I 255

33 91

1 316

40 99

1 377

47 67

1 438

53 88

1 134

18 82

L 195

2b 59

i 256

34 02

1 317

41 11

1 378

47 77

1 439

53 97

1 135

18 95

I 196

26 71

1 257

34 14

1 318

41 22

1 379

47 88

1 440

54 07

1 13b

19 OS

1 197

26 84

1 258

34 26

1 319

41 33

1 380

47 98

1 441

54 17

1 137

19 22

1 198

2b 96

1 2o9

34 38

1 320

41 45

1 381

48 09

1 442

54 27

1 138

19 34

1 199

27 09

I 260

34 50

1 321

41 56

1 382

48 10

1 443

54 36

1 139

19 47

1 200

27 21

1 261

34 62

1 322

41 67

1 383

48 30

1 444

54 46

1 140

19 60

1 201

27 33

1 262

34 74

1 323

41 79

1 384

48 40

1 445

54 56

1 141

19 73

1 202

27 46

1 263

34 86

1 324

41 90

1 385

48 50

1 446

54 65

1 142

19 86

1 203

27 58

1 264

34 98

1 325

42 01

1 386

48 61

1 447

54 75

1 143

19 99

1 204

27 71

1 265

35 09

1 326

42 12

1 387

48 71

1 448

54 85

1 144

20 12

1 205

27 83

1 266

35 21

1 327

42 23

1 388

48 82

1 449

54 94

1

912 SULPHU3

Sp gr 20°/20° 1 7383 1 5181 1 2719
% H*SOi 10 10 4 78
Sp gr 20°/20° 10685 10317
(Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phys Ch 1896,
19 268)
Sp gr of N-EkSO.+Aq at 18°/4° = 1 0306
(Loomifl, W Ann 1896, 60 550 )
Sp gr of H2S04+Aq at 19 4°, when p==
percent strength oi solution d * observed
density, w= volume cone in grams pei

-&--)

IIC ACID

Sp gr of fuming H2S04 at 35°

Total
S03%

Free
S03%

Sp gr

Total
S03%

Free

Sp r

81 63
81 99
82 36
82 73
83 09
83 46
83 82
84 20
84 56
84 92
85 30
85 66
86 03
86 40
86 76
87 14
87 50
87 87
88 24
88 60
88 97
89 33
89 70
90 07
90 44
90 81

0
2

4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
42
44
46
48
50

1 8186
1 8270
1 8360
1 8425
1 8498
1 8565
1 8627
1 8692
1 8756
1 8830
1 8919
1 9020
1 9092
1 9158
1 9220
1 9280
1 9338
1 9405
1 9474
1 9534
1 9584
1 9612
1 9643
1 9672
1 9702
1 9733

91 18
91 55
91 91
92 28
92 65
93 02
93 38
93 75
94 11
94 48
94 85
95 21
95 58
95 95
9b 32
96 69
97 05
97 42
97 78
98 16
98 53
98 90
99 26
99 63
100 00

52

54
56
58
60
62
64
66
68
70
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
90
92
94
96
98
100

1 49
1 60
1 72
1 54
1 38
1 09
1 72
1 36
1 00
1 64
1 02
1 42
1 79
1 15
1 51
1 S3
1 < 15
1 < 16
1 J 30
1 * 38
1 i 30
1 ? 12
1 i 35
1 * *8
1 i TO

P

d

w

94
84
73
61
40
31
23
14
9
4

10
59
OS
35
72
94
77
72
802
826

1 8380
1 7998
1 6743
1 5341
1 3220
1 2430
1 1747
1 1023
1 0670
1 0320

1 7295
1 5223
1 2235
0 9412
0 5383
0 3970
0 2792
0 1623
0 1046
0 0498

(Barnes, J Phys Chem 1898, 2 54b
Sp gr of H2S04+\qat20°

\ormaht\ of

5

, HSO4

Sp gr

(Kmetsch, B 1901, 34 4101 )
Sp gr of H2S04+Aq at 15°/15° in air

11
9
b
4
3
1

53
01
9o
77
OOS
002

70 07
59 26
49 10
36 68
25 00
9 25

1 6129
1 4901
1 3872
1 2756
1 1791
1 0612

fep gr

% H S04

Sp gr

% H SO*

Sp gr

% H 04

1 000
1 001
1 002
1 003
1 004
1 005
1 OOC
1 007
1 008
1 009
1 010
1 Oil
1 012
1 013
1 014
1 015
1 01C
1 017
1 01*
1 019
1 020
1 021
1 022
1 023
1 024
1 025
1 026
1 027

0 00
0 15
0 31
0 46
0 60
0 73
0 87
1 01
1 15
1 30
1 45
1 60
1 75
1 89
2 04
2 10
2 34
2 49
2 b4
2 79
2 93
3 OS5
3 23
3 38
3 53
3 67
3 82
3 97

1 028
1 029
1 030
1 031
1 032
1 033
1 034
1 035
1 03f
1 037
1 038
1 030
1 040
1 041
1 042
1 043
1 044
1 045
1 04t
1 047
1 048
1 049
1 050
1 051
1 052
1 053
1 054
1 055

4 12
4 28
4 41
4 56
4 70
4 85
5 00
5 14
5 29
5 44
5 58
5 73
5 88
b 03
b 17
6 32
6 4b
6 bC
6 75
6 89
7 04
7 18
7 32
7 47
7 61
7 76
7 90
8 04

1 05b
1 057
1 OSS
1 059
1 ObO
1 Ool
1 0)2
I 063
I 004

L ()o()

: obs

L 01)0
L 070
1 071
1 072
i 073
1 074
L 075
L 071
L 077
I 078
L 079
L 080
L 081
L OS2
L 083

8 )
8 J
8 '
8 >
8 >
8 )
9 I
0 »
0 5
0
9
9 >
9 1
10
10 ,
10
10 i
10 i
10
10
11 >
11
11
11
11
11
11
11

Itoithheimei,/ ph>s Ch 1900,34 27)
Sp gr of cone and fuming H2S04 at 15° and 45°

H^O,

1 otal

Free

Sp gr at lo

Sp gr at 4o

95 98
9b b8
9b 99
97 bb
9s (o
00 40
00 7b
100 0(

7s oo
78 92
79 18
79 72
SO 53
81 14
si 44
si bo
SD 4G
So 30
S7 14
SS 97
00 81
92 bo
94 4S
96 32
9S 16
00 001

0 0
10 0
20 0
30 0
40 0
><) 0
b() 0
70 0
80 0
90 0
00 0

1 8418
1 8429
1 8431
1 8434 ma^
S403
8388 mn
841S
8500
8S8
920
057
1 979
2 009
2 020 max
2 018
2 OOS
1 990
1 984

s.

1

1 822
1 85S
1 887
1 020
1 945
1 964 max
1 959
1 942
1 890
1 864
1 814

(Kmetsch B

1901, 34 4102)

SULPHURIC ACID

913

Sp gr of H2SO4-f Aq at 15°/15° in air —

Sp gr of H2S04+Aqatl5°/15°inair —

Con fan ued

Continued

Sp gr

% H2SO4

Sp gr

% HsSO,

Sp gr

% HaSO*

Sp gr

% H2S04

Sp gr

% HaSO,

Sp gr

%H2S04

1 084

12 11

1 145

20 25

1 206

27 95

1 267

35 33

1 328

42 35

1 389

48 92

1 085

12 24

1 146

20 38

1 207

28 08

1 268

35 45

1 329

42 46

1 390

49 02

1 086

12 38

1 147

20 51

1 208

28 20

1 269

35 57

1 330

42 57

1 391

49 13

1 087

12 52

1 148

20 64

1 209

28 32

1 270

35 68

1 331

42 68

1 392

49 23

1 088

12 66

1 149

20 77

1 210

28 45

1 271

35 80

1 332

42 79

1 393

49 34

1 089

12 79

1 150

20 90

1 211

28 57

1 272

35 92

1 333

42 90

1 394

49 44

1 090

12 93

1 151

21 03

1 212

28 69

1 273

36 04

1 334

43 01

1 395

49 54

1 091

13 07

1 152

21 16

1 213

28 82

1 274

36 15

1 335

43 12

1 396

49 65

1 092

13 20

1 153

21 28

1 214

28 94

1 275

36 27

1 336

43 23

1 397

49 75

1 093

13 34

1 154

21 41

1 215

29 06

1 276

36 39

1 337

43 35

1 398

49 86

1 094

13 48

1 155

21 54

1 216

29 18

1 277

36 51

1 338

43 46

1 399

49 96

1 095

13 61

1 156

21 67

1 217

29 31

1 278

36 62

1 339

43 57

1 400

50 06

1 096

13 75

1 157

21 80

1 218

29 43

1 279

36 70

1 340

43 68

1 401

50 16

1 097

13 89

1 158

21 93

1 219

29 55

1 280

36 86

1 341

43 79

1 402

50 26

1 098

14 02

1 159

22 05

1 220

29 69

1 281

36 97

1 342

43 90

1 403

50 37

1 099

14 16

1 160

22 18

1 221

29 80

1 282

37 09

1 343

44 01

1 404

50 47

1 100

14 29

1 161

22 31

1 222

29 92

1 283

37 21

1 344

44 12

1 405

50 57

1 101

14 43

1 162

22 44

1 223

30 04

1 284

37 32

1 345

44 23

1 406

50 67

1 102

14 56

1 163

22 56

1 224

30 17

1 285

37 44

1 346

44 34

1 407

50 77

1 103

14 70

1 164

22 69

1 225

30 29

1 286

37 56

1 347

44 45

1 408

50 88

1 104

14 83

1 165

22 82

1 226

30 41

1 287

37 68

1 348

44 56

1 409

50 98

1 105

14 97

1 166

22 94

1 227

30 53

1 288

37 79

1 349

44 67

1 410

51 08

1 106

15 10

1 167

23 07

1 228

30 65

1 289

37 91

1 350

44 77

1 411

51 18

1 107

15 24

1 168

23 20

1 229

30 78

1 290

38 03

1 351

44 88

1 412

51 28

1 108

15 37

1 169

23 32

1 230

30 90

1 291

38 14

1 352

44 99

11 413

51 38

1 109

15 51

1 170

23 45

1 231

31 02

1 292

38 26

1 353

45 10

1 414

51 48

1 110

15 64

1 171

23 57

1 232

31 14

1 293

38 37

1 354

45 21

1 415

51 58

1 111

15 78

1 172

23 71

233

31 26

1 294

38 49

1 355

45 32

1 416

51 68

1 112

15 91

1 173

23 83

234

31 38

1 295

38 60

1 356

45 43

1 417

51 78

1 113

16 05

1 174

23 9b

235

31 50

1 296

38 72

1 357

45 53

1 418

51 89

1 114

16 18

1 175

24 08

236

31 62

1 297

38 83

1 358

45 64

1 419

51 99

1 115

16 31

1 17b

24 21

237

31 75

1 298

38 95

1 359

45 75

1 420

52 09

1 116

16 45

1 177

24 34

1 238

31 87

1 399

39 Ob

1 360

45 8b

1 421

52 19

1 117

16 58

1 178

24 46

1 239

31 99

1 300

39 18

1 361

45 97

1 422

52 29

1 118

16 71

1 179

24 59

1 240

o2 11

1 301

39 29

1 362

4b 07

1 423

52 39

1 119

16 84

1 180

24 71

1 241

32 23

1 302

39 41

1 3b3

46 IS

1 424

52 49

1 120

16 98

1 181

24 84

1 242

32 35

1 303

39 52

1 3b4

46 20

1 425

52 59

1 121

17 11

1 182

24 97

1 243

32 47

1 304

39 64

1 3b5

4b 39

1 426

52 60

1 122

17 24

1 18o

25 09

1 244

32 59

1 305

39 75

1 3bb

4b 50

1 427

52 79

1 123

17 37

1 184

25 22

245

32 71

1 30b

39 Sb

1 3(>7

46 61

1 428

52 89

1 124

17 51

1 185

25 34

1 24b

32 83

1 307

39 98

1 3b8

4b 71

1 429

52 98

1 125

17 b4

1 18b

25 47

1 247

32 95

1 308

40 09

1 360

46 82

1 430

53 08

1 126

17 77

1 187

25 50

1 248

33 07

1 309

40 20

1 370

46 92

1 431

53 18

1 127

17 90

1 188

25 72

1 219

33 19

1 310

40 32

1 371

47 03

1 432

53 28

1 128

18 03

1 189

25 84

1 250

33 31

311

40 43

1 372

47 14

1 433

53 38

1 129

18 Ib

1 190

25 97

1 251

33 43

312

40 54

1 373

47 24

1 434

53 48

1 130

18 30

1 191

2b 09

1 252

33 55

313

40 6(>

1 374

47 35

1 435

53 58

1 131

18 43

1 192

2b 22

L 253

33 67

314

40 77

1 37o

47 45

1 436

53 68

1 132

18 5b

1 19*

2b 34

1 254

33 79

315

40 88

1 376

47 5b

1 437

53 78

1 133

18 b9

1 194

2b 47

1 255

33 01

31b

40 99

1 377

47 67

1 438

53 88

1 134

18 82

I 195

2b 59

1 256

34 02

1 317

41 11

1 378

47 77

1 439

53 97

1 135

18 95

I 196

2b 71

1 257

34 14

1 318

41 22

1 379

47 88

1 440

54 07

1 136

19 08

1 197

26 84

1 258

34 2b

1 319

41 33

1 380

47 98

1 441

54 17

1 137

19 22

1 198

2b Ob

1 2j9

34 38

1 320

41 45

1 381

48 09

1 442

54 27

1 138

19 34

1 190

27 09

1 2bO

34 50

1 321

41 56

1 382

48 10

1 443

54 36

1 139

19 47

1 200

27 21

1 261

34 62

1 322

41 67

1 383

48 30

1 444

54 46

1 140

19 60

1 201

27 33

L 262

34 74

1 323

41 79

1 384

48 40

1 445

54 56

1 141

19 73

1 202

27 46

1 263

34 86

1 324

41 90

1 385

48 50

1 446

54 65

1 142

19 86

1 203

27 58

1 264

34 98

1 325

42 01

1 386

48 61

1 447

54 75

1 143

19 99

1 204

27 71

1 265

35 09

1 326

42 12

1 387

48 71

1 448

54 85

1 144

20 12

1 205

27 83

1 266

35 21

1 327

42 23

1 388

48 82

1 449

54 94

914

SULPHURIC ACID

Sp gr of H2S04-i-Aq at 15°/15° in air —
Continued _

Sp gr of H2S04+Aq at 15°/15° in an -
Continued

Sp gr

% H-jSO*

Sp gr

%HaSO

Sp gr

% H S04

Sp gr

%H2SO

Sp gr

% H2SO

Sp gr

% SO*

1 450

55 04

1 511

60 78

1 572

66 23

1 633

71 48

1 694

76 65

1 755

8. )1

1 451

55 14

1 512

60 87

1 573

66 31

1 634

71 57

1 695

76 74

1 756

8$ LI

1 452

55 24

1 513

60 96

1 574

6b 40

1 635

71 65

1 696

76 82

1 757

8. >1

1 453

55 33

1 514

61 05

1 575

66 49

1 636

71 74

1 697

76 91

1 758

8 Jl

1 454

55 43

1 515

61 14

1 57b

66 57

] 637

71 82

1 698

76 99

1 759

8* 11

1 455

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SULPHURIC ACID

915

gr of H2S04+Aq at t° Sp gr of H20 at 15°

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0°

10°

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Continued on page 917

914

SULPHURIC ACID

Sp gr of H2SO44-Aq at 15°/15° in air —
Continued

Sp gr of H2S04+Aq at 15°/15° in ar -
Continued

fep gr

% HsSOi

Sp gr

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1 620

70 38

1 681

75 54

742

80 84

1 803

£ 23

1 499

59 68

1 obO

60 17

1 621

70 46

1 682

75 63

743

80 92

1 804

? 36

1 500

•>9 78

1 06!

65 26

1 622

70 55

1 683

75 71

744

SI 01

1 805

i 50

1 501

o9 87

1 ob2

60 35

1 623

70 63

1 684

75 80

745

81 10

1 806

i 64

1 502

o9 9b

1 563

65 44

1 624

70 72

1 685

75 88

746

8] 19

1 807

£ 78

1 503

60 05

1 ob4

b5 52

1 625

70 80

1 686

75 97

1 747

81 28

1 808

i 92

1 504

60 14

1 060

65 61

1 626

70 89

1 687

76 05

1 748

81 37

1 809

i 06

1 505

60 23

1 566

65 70

I 627

70 97

1 688

76 14

1 749

81 46

1 810

i 20

1 506

60 33

1 567

65 79

1 628

71 06

1 689

76 22

1 750

81 55

1 811

i 34

1 507

bO 42

1 56*

65 88

1 629

71 14

1 690

76 31

1 751

81 64

1 812

i 49

1 508

60 51

1 569

65 96

1 630

71 23

1 691

76 39

1 752

81 73

1 813

i 64

1 509

60 60

1 570

6b 05

1 631

71 31

1 692

76 48

1 753

81 82

1 814

i 79

1 510

60 69

1 571

66 14

1 632

71 40

1 693

76 56

1 754

81 92

1 815

i 95

SULPHURIC ACID

915

Sp gr of H2S04+Aq at t° Sp gr of H20 at 15°

4

0

10°

15°

20°

25°

30°

40°

oO°

60°

0

300074

1 00060

100000

0 99910

0 99794

099654

0 99311

098895

098418

1 00833

1 00773

1 00698

1 00594

100465

1 00312

0 99950

0 99522

0 99034

t

1 01563

1 01466

1 01381

1 01266

1 01126

1 00963

1 00585

100143

099644

*.

1 02281

1 02153

1 02055

1 01928

1 01777

1 01607

1 01216

1 00761

1 00252

j.

1 03001

1 02841

1 02728

1 02590

102428

1 02251

1 01848

101383

1 00865

K
is

1 03728

1 03533

1 03406

1 03258

1 03086

1 02902

102487

1 02013

101484

(

104461

104232

104092

1 03934

1 03756

1 03565

1 03138

1 02653

1 02114

i

1 05199

1 04939

1 04786

104618

104434

104235

1 03796

1 03302

1 02752

8

105942

1 05652

305486

1 05308

1 05116

104910

104458

1 03952

1 03393

9

1 06689

1 06370

1 03192

1 06002

1 05799

1 05585

1 05119

1 04605

104041

10

1 07439

1 07093

1 06903

1 06702

1 06490

1 06267

1 05787

1 05264

104696

11

1 08194

1 07821

1 07619

1 07408

1 07186

1 06955

1 06462

1 05930

1 05357

12

1 08954

1 08555

108342

1 08120

1 07890

1 07650

1 07145

1 06604

1 06027

13

1 09718

1 09294

1 09071

1 08839

1 08600

1 08352

1 07834

107284

106703

14

110488

110040

1 09805

1 09564

1 09316

1 09061

1 08530

1 07971

1 07385

15

1 11261

1 10790

1 10546

1 10295

1 10039

1 09776

1 09233

1 08666

1 08075

16

1 12040

1 11547

1 11292

1 11033

1 10768

1 10498

109944

1 09368

1 08772

17

1 12823

1 12309

112045

1 11777

1 11505

1 11228

1 10661

1 10077

1 09476

18

1 13610

1 13076

1 12803

1 12526

1 12246

1 11963

1 11385

1 10792

1 10186

19

114402

1 13848

1 13566

1 13282

1 12995

112704

1 12115

1 11514

1 10902

20

1 15199

1 14625

1 14335

1 14043

1 13748

1 13451

1 12851

112242

1 11625

21

1 15998

1 15407

1 15109

1 14809

1 14508

1 14205

1 13594

1 12977

1 12353

22

1 16803

1 16194

1 15888

1 15581

1 15273

1 14964

1 14343

1 13718

1 13089

23

1 17611

1 16986

1 16673

1 16359

1 16045

1 15731

1 15100

114467

1 13832

24

118424

1 17784

1 17464

1 17143

1 16823

1 16503

1 15862

1 15221

1 14579

25

1 19240

1 18586

1 18260

1 17933

1 17607

1 17282

1 16631

1 15982

1 15335

26

1 20061

1 19393

1 19060

1 18728

1 18396

1 18066

1 17406

1 16749

1 16096

27

1 20885

1 20204

1 19865

1 19527

1 19190

1 18854

1 18186

1 17522

1 16862

28

1 21710

1 21019

1 20675

1 20332

1 19990

1 19650

1 18973

1 18302

1 17635

29

1 22539

1 21838

1 21489

1 21142

1 20796

1 20452

1 19767

1 19087

1 18414

30

1 23370

1 22661

1 22308

1 21957

1 21607

1 21259

1 20566

1 19879

1 19198

31

1 24204

1 23487

1 23131

1 22776

1 22423

1 22071

1 21371

1 20677

1 19989

32

1 25038

1 24316

1 23957

1 23600

123244

122887

1 22179

1 21476

1 20779

33

1 25878

1 25151

1 24789

124429

1 24069

1 23712

1 22999

1 22292

1 21589

34

1 26723

1 25990

1 25626

1 25263

1 24901

1 24540

1 23822

1 23109

1 22400

35

1 27571

1 26834

1 26468

1 26102

1 25738

1 25375

1 24652

1 23933

1 23219

36

1 28424

1 27683

1 27314

1 26947

1 26580

1 26214

1 25487

1 24763

1 24045

37

1.29283

1 28538

1 28167

1 27797

1 27429

1 27061

1 26329

125 01

1 24878

38

1 30149

1 29400

1 29027

1 28655

128284

1 27915

1 27179

1 26448

1 25721

39

1 31022

1 30268

1 29894

1 29520

1 29148

1 28776

1 28038

1.27304

1 26575

40

1 31901

1 31144

1 30767

1 30392

1 30018

1 29646

1 28905

1 28169

127440

41

132788

1 32027

1 31648

1 31271

1 30896

1 30522

1 29779

1 29042

1 28311

42

1 33683

1 32917

1 32537

1 32158

1 31782

1 31407

1 30662

1 29924

1 29193

43

1 34587

1 33817

1 33435

1 33054

1 32676

1 32300

1 31553

1 30813

1 30081

44

1 35501

1 34727

134342

1 33960

1 33580

1 33202

1 32452

1 31710

1 30976

45

136425

1 35647

1 35261

1 34877

1 34496

1 34116

1 33363

1 32618

1 31881

46

1 37361

1 36579

1 36191

1 35805

1 35422

1 35040

134284

1 33365

1 32797

47

1 38308

1 37522

1 37132

136744

1 36359

1 35975

1 35215

134464

1 33721

48

1 39267

1 38476

1 38084

1 37694

1 37306

1 36921

1 36157

1 35401

1 34655

49

140238

139441

1 39047

1 38654

1 38264

1 37877

1 37108

1 36349

1 35600

50

1 41219

1 40418

1 40021

1 39627

1 39235

1 38845

1 38073

1 37310

1 36556

51

142214

1 41407

1 41007

1 40610

1 40215

1 39823

1 39047

1 38280

1 37524

52

1 43220

1 42408

1 42005

1 41605

1 41208

1 40814

1 40033

1 39262

1 38502

Continued on page 917

916

SULPHURIC ACID

Sp gr ofH2S04+Aq at t° Sp gr of H2O at 15° =* 1 Continued

4

a

0°

10°

15°

20°

25°

30°

40

50°

53

144239

143420

1 43014

142611

142211

1 41814

1 41028

1 40254

1,

V*-*

54

145269

144443

144034

1 43628

1 43225

142825

1 42034

1 41255

1<

55

146311

145477

145065

144656

144250

143847

1 43051

142268

1*

56

147364

1 46523

1 46107

1 45695

1 45285

144880

144078

1 43290

1<

57

148427

1 47578

1 47159

1 46743

1 46331

1 45922

1 45115

144322

1<

58

149499

1 48643

1 48221

1 47802

1 47387

1 46975

1 46162

1 45364

1<

59

1 50583

1 49719

1 49292

1 48870

148452

1 48037

1 47218

1 46415

1

60

1 51676

150804

1 50374

1 49949

1 49527

1 49109

1 48285

1 47476

1

61

1 52778

1 51899

1 51465

1 51036

1 50611

1 50190

1 49360

148546

1

62

153889

153002

152564

1 52132

1 51703

1 51278

150442

1 49622

1

63

155008

154113

1 53672

1 53236

152804

1 52376

1 51533

1 50708

1

64

156135

1 55233

1 54788

1 54348

1 53913

1 53481

1 52632

1 51801

1

65

1 57270

1 56360

1 55912

155469

1 55030

1 54595

1 53740

1 52903

1

66

1 58414

1 57496

157044

1 56597

1 56154

1 55716

1 54854

1 54011

1

67

1 59565

158640

158184

1 57733

1 57287

1 56846

1 55978

1 55128

1

68

1 60724

1 59792

1 59332

1 58878

158427

1 57981

1 57104

1 56246

1

69

1 61892

1 60951

160488

1 60030

1 59577

1 59129

1 58247

157384

1

70

1 63068

1 62118

1 61651

1 61189

1 60732

1 60280

1 59391

1 58521

1

71

164251

1 63293

1 62821

1 62355

1 61894

1 61437

1 60540

1 59663

1

72

165439

164473

1 63997

1 63527

1 63062

1 62601

1 61696

1 60811

1

73

1 66633

1 65658

1 65178

164704

164234

1 63769

1 62855

1 61961

1

74

1 67831

166847

1 66362

1 65883

1 65408

164939

164015

1 63111

1

75

1 69030

168037

167547

1 67063

1 66584

1 66109

1 65175

164260

1

76

1 70228

1 69225

1 68731

168242

1 67757

1 67278

1 66332

1 65405

1

77

171424

1 70411

1 69911

1 69416

1 68926

1 68439

1 67481

1 66540

1

78

1 72615

1 71589

1 71083

1 70582

1 70085

1 69591

1 68616

1 67658

1

79

1 73798

1 72758

172243

1 71735

1 71231

1 70731

1 69741

1 68767

1

80

1 74970

1 73909

1 73386

1 72868

1 72356

1 71847

170842

1 69854

1

81

1 76120

1 75038

174504

1 73979

1 73458

172942

1 71921

1 70916

1

82

177244

1 76140

1 75595

1 75057

1 74524

1 73998

1 72962

1 71945

1

83

1 78312

1 77193

176642

1 76097

1 75557

1 75022

1 73972

1 72943

1

84

1 79316

1 78191

1 77636

1 77087

1 76543

1 76006

1 74943

1 73902

1

85

1 80250

1 79123

1 78567

1 78016

1 77470

1 76929

1 75863

1 74816

1

86

181108

1 79982

1 79428

1 78878

1 78331

1 77789

1 76721

1 75674

1

87

181SS7

1 80767

1 80214

1 79666

1 79123

1 78584

1 77519

1 76473

1

88

1 82589

1 81476

1 80926

1 80381

1 79839

1 79302

1 78242

1 77199

1

89

1 83216

1 82111

1 81564

1 81022

180484

1 79950

1 78895

1 77856

1

90

1 83771

1 82677

1 82135

1 81597

1 81063

1 80532

1 79483

1 78448

1

91

1S4263

1 83179

182642

1 82109

1 81580

1 81054

1 80013

1 78985

1

92

184691

1 83619

1 83088

1 82561

1 82037

1 81516

1 80487

1 79471

1

93

1 So059

1 83997

1 83471

1 82950

1 82432

1 81918

1 80902

1 79900

1

94

1 85363

1 84311

1 83790

1 83275

1 82763

1 82255

1 81253

1 80266

1

95

1 S559S

1 8455o

1 84040

1 83526

1 83022

1 82520

1 81528

1 80553

1

96

1 85765

1 84729

1 84217

1 83709

1 83207

1 82708

1 81724

1 80758

1

97

1 SoS54

184816

1 84305

1 83798

1 83297

1 82800

1 81822

1 80863

1

9S

1 85S36

1 84789

184275

1 83766

1 83264

1 82767

1 81792

1 80840

1

99

1 So671

1 84612

1 84093

1 83581

1 83076

1 82578

1 81604

I 80658

1

100

(1 8o330)

(1 84255)

(1 83729)

(1 83213)

(1 82705)

(1 82205)

(1 81231)

(1 80288)

(1

\uszug aus Band 5 der wissenschafthchen Abhandlungen der Normaleichungskomr
Berlin 1904, P 257 Springer's publication

(Domke, Z anorg 1905, 43 176 )

ssic

SULPHURIC ACID

917

Sp gr of H2S04+Aq at 15°/15° in air —
Continued from page 915

Freezing- and melting-points of EksSCh+Aq

F pt

Sp gr at lo°

M

Pt

3p gr

% H SO4

Sp gr

%HS04

Sp gr

%HS04

1 671

liq at -20°

816

89 11

1 828

91 30

1 840

94 57

1 691

1*71 O

tc

L 817
i gig

89 27

89 44

1 829
1 830

91 52

91 74

1 841
1 842

94 96
95 40

712

1 727

-7 5

-7

5

I 819

89 61

1 831

91 98

1 843

96 02

1 732

- 8 5

-8

5

L 820
L 821
[ 822
[ 823

L 824

89 79
89 97
90 15
90 33
90 51

1 832
1 833
1 834
1 835
1 836

92 22
92 46
92 71
92 98
93 26

1 844
1 8442
1 844
1 843
1 842

96 93
97 50
99 08
99 84
99 29

1 74i9
1 767
1 7j90
1 807

1 822
10/10

- U 2

+1 6
+4 5
-9 0

liq at —20°

t

+4
+6
+8
-6

5
5
0
0

1 825

90 70

1 837

93 56

1 841

98 61

o4J

L 826
L 827

90 90
91 10

1 838
1 839

93 87
94 20

1 840
18 394

98 88
100 00

(Lunge, B 15 2644 )

Lunge, calculated by Marshall, J Soc Chem
Ind 1902, 21 1509

Effect of impurities on sp gr of H2SO4+Aq

The figures show the increase in sp gr of H SO4 +

Aq caused by adding

0 1% of an impurity to

acid of

different strengths

Sp gr at 20° of H2SO4-f Aq containing

Salt

100%

98%

94 %

80%

70%

VI g mols H2S04 per liter

Na2S04

0 0011

D 0010

0 0007

0 0008

0 0007

CaSOi

0 0012

0 0011

0 0009

0 0007

0 0006

M 0 01 0 025 0 05

A12(S04J3

insol

insol

insol

0 0012?

0 0011

3p gr 1 000719 1 001907 1 003551
M 0 075 0 10 0 25

Fe (S04)3
PbS04
MgS04

0 0017
0 0011

0 0014
0 0010

0 0006°
0 0015
0 0012

0 0008
msol
0 0009

0 0007
insol
0 0009

3p gr 1 005152 1 00677 1 01618

As Os

0 0013

0 0010

Rj 0 50 0 75 10

HSN05

0 00020

0 00027

0 00023

3p gr 1 03218 1 04760 1 06307
M 15 20

(Marshall,

J Soc

Chem

Ind 1902,21

1508)

3p gr 1 09345 1 12316

(Jones and Pearce, Am Ch J 1907, 38 733 )

Sp gr of mixtures of H SO4 (96 5%) and
HNO3 (94%) at 18°/180 in air

Boiling-point of H2bO4-|-Aq

% H b04

B pt

/o H S04

B pt

5

101 0°

70

170 0°

10

102 0

72

174 5

15

105 5

74

ISO 5

20

105 0

7(3

1S9 0

25

UK) 5

7S

109 0

30

10S 0

SO

207 0

35

110 0

82

218 5

40

114 0

84

227 0

45

US 5

SO

238 r>

50

124 0

88

251 5

53

12S 5

90

2b2 5

56

133 0

91

26S 0

60

141 5

92

274 5

62 5

147 0

<H

2^1 5

6a

15* 5

94

28S 5

67 5

161 0

95

295 0

%HN03m
mixture

Sp gr

7C HNO3m
mixture

Sp gr

0 00

1 8437

22 51

1 8215

0 57

1 S456

25 56

1 8112

1 05

1 8476

27 29

1 8053

4 67

1 85Sb

32 53

1 7S63

7 17

1 8618

37 03

1 7700

7 37

1 8620

o9 49

1 7601

7 75

1 8619

•)" 7S

1 6S79

9 10

1 Sbfb

72 S9

1 6227

11 53

1 S557

90 76

1 5408

12 71

1 8)20

9S 19

1 50SO

16 52

1 S4H

100 00

1 5009

(Lunge, B 11 370 )

(Miibhill, J Soc Chem Ind 1<02, 21

Miscible with alcohol, with evolution of
heat and formation of ethylsulphuric acid

-fH20=H4S05, also called tetrahydroxyl
sulphuric acid (Mangnac, A ch (3) 39
184)

Mpt 835° (Pickering)

4-2H2O=H6S06, also called perhydioxyl
sulphuric acid

Mpt —389° (Biron, J Russ Phys
Chem Soc 1899, 31 517 )

+3H2O (Pickering, Chem Soc 1890,
57 331 )

918

SULPHURIC ACID

+4H20 Mpt -75° (Pickering, Chem
See 1890, 57 331 )

Sp gr and fr pt of hydrates of H2SO4

H\drate

c

Sp gr of
the liquid

Fr pt

H2&O4 (pure)

100

1 842

+10 5

Hj804+H20
H«S04+2HiO

84 48
73 08

1 777
1 650

+ 35
-70 0

H2S04+4H20
H*S04+6H20

57 65
47 57
40 50

1 476
1 376
1 311

-40 0
-50 0
-65 0

HzSol+lOHsO
H2SO4+11H2O
H2S04+12H20

35 25
33 11
31 21

1268
1 249
1 233

-88 0
-75 0
-55 0

HjS04+13H20
H2S04+14H20

29 52
28 00

1 219
1 207

—45 0
-40 0

H*S04+15H20
H2S04+16H20
H2SO4+18H20

26 63
25 39
23 22

1 196
1 187
1 170

—34 0
-25 6
-19 0

H2S04+20HO

21 40

1 157

-17 0

H2S04+25HO

17 88

1 129

— 85

H2S04+50HO

9 82

1 067

— 3 5

HjS04+75HiO

6 77

1 045

0 0

H2SO4+100H20

5 16

1 032

+ 25

H2S04+300H20

1 78

1 007

+ 45

H2S04+1000H 0

0 54

1 001

+ 05

(Pictet, C R 1894, 119 645 )

Sulphuric acid, anhydrous, S03
bee Sulphur Znoxide

Disulphuric (Pyrosulphunc) acid, H2S207
\ery deliquescent Miscible with H20

Sol in fummg H S04 Miscible in liquid

SO (Schultz-Sellack )
H S O , 2H SO4 Fumes on air C Jacque-

lain, A ch (3) 30 343 )

acid, HoS4Oi3
Fumes on air (Weber, Pogg 159 313 )

Sulphates

Most sulphates are easily sol in H20,
but Ig S04, Hg SO4, and CaS04 are only si
sol, while BaS042 SrS04, and PbS04 are
nearly msol therein All sulphates are sol
in cone H S04 Basic sulphates are insol
in H 0 Most sulphates are insol in alcohol

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1S98, 20 823 )

Aluminum sulphate, basic, 2A1208,S03+
5HO

SloTvh sol in 10 mols HC2H302
(Schlumberger, Bull Soc 1895. (3) 13 41 )

+7H O Easily sol in 8 mols dil HC1+
\q or in 10 mols 10% acetic acid in 24
hour^ f Schlumberger )

+10H O Insol in H20, easily sol in cold
dil mineral acids, and HC2H302+Aq (Crum,
A 89 174)

Mm Felsobanyite

+15H2O Mm Paralwmnite

8Al2Os, 5S08+25H20 Insol in H2C sc
in dil acids (Lowe, J pr 79 428 )

5A1208, 3S03+20H20 Easily sol in id
(Debray, Bull Soc (2) 7 9 )

3A1208, 2S08+9H,0 Nearly ms<
cone H£O4 (Bayer, Dingl 263 211 ]

+20H20 Ppt

4A1208, 3S03+36H2O Insol in [2<
Easily sol in dil mineral acids, an< h
HCji«O.H-Aq (Debray, Bull Soc (2) ]

A1203, S03 + 6H20 - (A10)2S04 + [2<
Insol in H2O or HC2H302+Aq SI <
hot HC1, easily sol in warm KOH A
(Bottmger, A 244 225 )

+9H20 (Athanasesco, C R 103 )

Mm Alumvmte

fA!2(OH)5]S04+2H20

Sol in HCl+Aq in the cold with de in
Very unstable (Schlumberger, Bull Sc
1895, (3) 13 60 )

3A1208. 4S03+9H2O (Athanasesco, '
103 271)

+30H2O Sol in 144 pts cold, an 3(
pts boiling H20 Easily sol in EC a
HNOs+Aq (Rammelsberg, Pogg 43 >&

2A1202. 3S08 Decomp by H2C n:
3A1208, SO3 and A12(S04)8 (Maus )

A12O3, 2S03=A12O(SO4)2

Min Aluma/ine

+H2O Sol in small quantity of H2 I
decomp by a large quantity into (Al< 2S
and A12(S04)S (Maus, Pogg 11 80 )

+12H2O Easily sol in hot or cole ff
Sat solution contains 45% salt at 15°, h
crystallises unchanged on evaporating VI
guente, C R 90 354 )

Above basic compounds are mi m
(Pickering, C N 45 121, 133, 146 )

Aluminum sulphate, A12(SO4)3

100 pts H20 dissolve (a) pts A12 0
and (b) pts A12(SO4)3+18H2O at

0° 10° 20° 30° 40° 5(

a 31 3 33 5 36 15 40 36 45 73 .2

b 86 85 95 8 107 35 127 6 167 6 0

60° 70° 80° 90° iO'

a 59 09 66 23 73 14 80 83 9 1

6 262 6 348 2 467 3 678 8 1 2
(Poggiale, A ch (3) 8 467 )

See also +18H O

Sp gr of Al2(S04)3+Aq

<7
Al (SO4)3

&p gr at

15

25°

35

5
10
15
20
25

1 0569
1 1071
1 1574
1 2074
1 2572

1 0503
1 1022
1 1522
1 2004
1 2487

1 045
1 096
1 146
1 192
1 2407

(Reuss, B 17 2888)

1

1*
2$

bUL.Jb'MAllL, ALUMINUM AMMONIUM

919

r of Al2(S04)8-f-Aq at 15° containing
10 20 30$A12(S04)8+18HA

1 0535 1 H05 1 1710
1 40 50%A12(S04)3+18E20
1 2355 1 3050

Sp gr of sat solution = 1 34
(Gerlach, Z anal 28 493 )

____SP_

gr of Al2(SO4)8+Aq at 25°

Strength of Ak^SO^a+Aq

Sp gr

1

v»

l/4
l/8

normal

Cl

It
((

1 0550
1 0278
1 0138
1 0068

"(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 6 35 )

100 pts of a mixture of 1 vol H2S04+2
irols H20 dissolve only 645 pts
AWS04)8 (Baud, C R 1903, 137 494)

Al2(S04)s is completely pptd from
Al2(S04)8+Aq by an excess of glacial
(Persoz,A ch (2)63 444)

Set

See under (NH4)2A12(S04)4

Solubihtv of A12(SO4)3+K2A12(S04)4
under K2A12(SO4)4

Solubility in Fe2(SO4)3+Aq at 25°

100 g of sat solution of Al (S04)8 in L
ontain 14 4 g Al2(S04)s (de Comnck, Bull
Ac Roy Belg 1905 359)

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
910, 43 314 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B i904,
37 4328 )

4-6H2O Very slowly sol in cold, com-
pletely sol inhotH20

+8H2O (Marguentte-Delarcharbonny,

R 112 229)

-flOH2O Deliquescent (v Hauer, W
A B 13 449)

-f 16H2O Sol in cone H2S04 (Baud, C
R 1903. 137 494 )

+17H«O (Gawalowski, C C 1885
721)

+18H2O Permanent (Berzelius )

100 g of the aqueous solution contain
27 82 g A12(S04)3 at 25° (Wirth, Z anorg
1913, 79 361 )

Solubility of AJ2(SO4)3+18H2O in H2SO4+Aq
at 25°

100 K of the solution contain

g A12(SO4)3

27 82

26 01
24 21
21 64
15 22
*10 70\
10 23 j

g Fe (S04^3

0

6 064
9 819
13 02
23 28
31 911
n 90}

Solution sat with respect to both baits
(Wirth and Bakke, Z anorg 1914, 87 48 '
See also under lHe^(S()4)i
Solubility of Al2(SO4)s+Li2SO4 at 30°

Composition of

Solution

4

13 24 21 71 61 24
11

6

3

0

7322
7524
4426
0028

LSI luc

25 1 0 Li2SO4, H2O

21 93 5 34

16 10 14 89 63 70 4 02

13 63 20 76 14 72 31 17 Li2S04,

9233
7737

Solid

H20 +

Js(SO4)s, 18H20
Li2SO4, 4H20
12(SO4)3, 18H2O

(Schrememakers and de Waal, Ch Weekb
1906,3 539)

HS04

0

5 23
9 90
18 70
25 50
40 70
o2 25
63 70
73 64

100 g of the solution

contain
g AL (S04)3

27 82
29 21

20 44
15 40
5 07
1 216

1 243

2 915

(\\ irth, Z anorg 1913, 79 361 )

Hydrous salt is scarcely sol in alcohol
(feerzelms )

Mm Alunogen

-f-27H2O Efflorescent (Marguentte-
Delarcharbonny, C R 99 800 )

Aluminum sulphate, acid, A12O3, 4SO3-j-
4H20

Extremely slowly sol m cold, more rapidly
in hot H20 (Baud, C R 1903, 137 493 )

A12O3, 6SO3+10H2O Sol in H20, solu-
tion soon decomp into A12(SO4)3+H2S04
(Silberberger, M 1904, 25 221 )

Aluminum ammonium sulphate (Ammonia
alum), (NH4)2A12(S04)4+24H20

100 pts H20 dissolve 2 9 pts anhydrous
salt at 0°, 207 7 pts anhydrous salt at 110 6°
(Mulder )

100 pts H2O dissolve 8 74 pts anhydrous
salt at 17 5 ° (Pohl, W A B 6 597 )

920 SULPHATE, ALUMINUM AMMONIUM CHROMIUM

100 pts H2O at t° dissolve pts

t°

Pts
(NHOiAla(SO*)4

Pts
(NH4)2lH(|)04)4 +

o

2 10

3 90

10

4 99

9 52

20

7 74

15 13

30

10 94

22 01

40

14 88

30 92

50

20 09

44 11

60

26 70

66 65

70

35 11

90 67

80

45 66

134 47

90

58 68

209 31

100

74 53

357 48

(Poggiale, A ch (3) 8 467 )

According to Locke (Am Ch J 1901, 26
174), Poggiale's tables for NH4 and K alums
are evidently transposed, and the above data
are applied bv Poggiale to K alum

1 I H2O dissolves 91 9 g anhydrous, or
1919 g hydrated salt, or 0387 mols an-
hydrous salt at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J
1901,26 175)

Solubility in H 0 at t°

G (NH4)

G mol

G (NH4)

M (S04)4

(NHO

t

4.1 (S04)4

+24HO

Al (S04)4

per 100 g HO

per 100
g HO

per 100
g H20

0

2 10

3 90

0 0044

5

3 50

6 91

0 0074

10

4 99

9 52

0 0105

15

6 2o

12 66

0 0132

20

7 74

15 13

0 0163

2o

9 19

19 19

0 0194

30

10 94

22 01

0 0231

40

14 88

30 92

0 0314

50

20 10

44 10

0 0424

60

26 70

66 65

0 0569

95

109 7

00

0 2312

(Mulder, Poggiale Locke, Marino, Gazz
ch it 1905, 35 II, 351, Berkeley, Trans
Ro\ soc 1904, 203 A, 214 calc by Seidell

B -pt of sat solution is 110 6°

M-pt of (NH4)2Al2(S04)4-f-2< „_ „

(Tilden, Chem Soc 45 409), = 95° (Locke,

I c)

Sp gr of aqueous solution at 15° contain

ing
3^ 6^ 9%

1 0423 1 0141 1 0282 hydrous salt

(Gerlach, Z anal 28 495 )

SdtabihlSr^^ ^^^^^ o

Mixture used

100 g ^at solution conl

g (NH4)aSO4

g Al (S(

Sat NH4alum
at 18 5°
20 cc above sol-
ution +6 g
cryst Al2(oO4)8
20 cc above sol-
ution +4g

1 42

0 45
20 81

3

16
0

(Budorff, 1885, B 18 1160)

Insol in alcohol (Mulder )

Solubility of A1(NH4)(S04)2+12H20 a j
mixture of 93 3 g H20 and 23 33 g gly< m,
=6 15 g (Dunlop, Pharm J 1910, 81 6

Solubility in 93 3 g H2O+23 3 g glyi m
+3 9 g phenol =5 59 g A1(NH4)( )4)
+12H20 (Dunlop )

Mni Tsch&nmgite

Aluminum ammonium chromium suli ate

A12(S04)3, CNH4)2S04, Cr2(S( )84
48H2O

Sol in H2O, decomp by boiling i oh]
A 94 71 )

Aluminum caesium sulphate, Al2Cs2(S< )4-{

24H20

100 pts H2O at 17° dissolve 063 pt
caesium alum (Redtenbacher, J j 94
442)

Solubility in 100 pts H2O at t° (calculal 1 fo
salt dried at 130°)

Pts

Pts

t

ulum

t

ilum

t

0

0 19

25

0 49

(>5

10

0 29

35

0 69

80

17

0 38

50

1 255

ts
um

38
29

(Setterberg, A 211 104 )
Solubility m H>()

Pts

G me

t

anhydrous salt

anhyclroi

per litre

per h

25

4 7

0 01

30

5 89

0 01

35

7 29

0 02

40

9 00

0 02

(Locke, Am Ch J 1901, 26 180

Solubility of Al2Cs2(S04)4 m H20 at t°

Aluminum chromium sulphate, Al2Cr2(SO4)6

G Al2Cs2(S04)4+24H20 in 100 g solution )

Insol m H2O

t°

% salt

t°

% salt

C R2 86 1400)

0
15

on

0 21
0 35
Ofift

75
80
90

4 12
5 21
9 50

Aluminum chromium potassium sulphate.
A12(S04)3, Cr2(S04)3, 2K2SO4+48H2O

30

45

Uv/

1 04

100 4

18 60

Sol in E2O, but decomp onboihng (Vohl)

60

1 96

Aluminum copper sulphate, 2Al2Os, 9CuO,

Berkeley, Trans Roy Soc 1904, 203 A,

3SOS+21E20

214)

Mm Cyanotnchite (Percy, Phil Mag (3)

36 103)

Solubility in 100 g H20 at t°

Aluminum hydroxylamine sulphate,

i

A

A

M

A12(S04)3, (NH2OH)2S04+24E20

O

O

rf\

o

Sol m H20 (Meyeringh, B 10 1946 )

t°

t°

o^

t°

of

t°

r^^S-

o

3

3

Aluminum iron (ferrous) sulphate, A12(SO4)»,

^

<

FeS04+24ELO

0
1
2

0 19
0 20
0 21

26

27
28

0 50
0 51
0 52

52
53

54

1 45
1 51

1 58

78
79
80

5 15
5 40
5 78

Sol m H2O (Klauer, A 14 261 )
Mm Halotnchite
A12(S04)3, 2FeSO4-f27H2O Sol m H20
'Berthier ^

3

4

0 22
0 23

29
30

0 55
0 57

55
56

1 65
1 71

81
82

6 05

6 4

A12O3, 2S08, 6FeS04 Easily sol m H20
(Phillips )

5
6

7

0 24
0 25
0 26

31
32
33

0 59
0 60
0 62

57
58
59

1 77
1 86
1 92

83

84
85

6 7
7 0
7 4

A12(S04)3 2FeS04, H2SO4 Insol in H 0
(fitard, C R 87 602 )

8
9

0 27

0 28

34
35

0 65
0 69

60
61

2 06
2 14

86

87

7 7
8 0

Aluminum iron (feme) sulphate, Al (S04)3,

10
11
12

0 29
0 30
0 31

36
37

38

0 72
0 75

0 77

62
63

64

2 25
2 37
2 50

88
89
90

8 3
8 6

8 8

Insol in H20 (fitard, C R 86 1399)

A12(SO4)3, Feo(S04)3, H2SO4 As above
/-f\, j \

13
14
15

0 32
0 34
0 35

39
40
41

0 80
0 85
0 87

65
66
67

2 65
2 78
2 9b

91
92
93

9 0
9 2
9 5

(Etard )
See Al2(SO4)3-hFe (SO4)3, under A12(S04)8
and Fe2(SO4)3

16
17
18

0 36
0 38
0 39

42
43
44

0 91
0 96
1 01

68
69
70

3 13
3 34
3 50

94
95
96

9 9
10 1
10 4

Aluminum ferrous potassium sulphate,
A12(SO4)3, 12FeS04, 2K2S04+24H20

19

0 40

45

1 00

71

3 67

97

10 8

Permanent SI sol m H O (Dufrenoy )

20

0 41

46

1 10

72

3 85

98

11 1

21

0 42

47

1 17

73

4 07

99

11 5

Altiminum lead sulphate, Al Pb2(SO4)5-{-

22

0 43

48

1 21

71

4 30

100

12 0

20HO

23

0 45

49

1 27

75

4 50

Permanent, insol in H 0 (G H Bailey

24

0 47

50

1 JO

70

4 72

J Chem Soc Ind 6 415 )

25

0 49

51

1 39

77

4 95

Aluminum lithium sulnhate. Li Al of SO /) 4 4-

Valueb fiom 0-7° obt lined by inteipolition
using Setteibtrg's values foi 0°(A JSS2, 211
100)

Prom 80-100° they weie cihulited by

extrapolation

(Hart and Huselton, J Am Chem Soc 1914,

36 2084)

Melts m crystal H2O at 106° (Tilden,
Chem Soc 45 409) , at 1205° (Erdmann)
at 122° (Locke )

Aluminum calcium sulphate, basic, A1208

6CaO, 3S08-|-32H20
Mm Ettnngite Mostly sol m H20, sol
inHCl+Aq

24H2O

Sol in 24 ptb cold, and 087 pt hot H20
(Ivralovanskv, Sch^ J 54 349 )

Does not exist (Rammelsberg, J B 1847-
48 394, Arfvedson, Gmelin )

Aluminum hthium potassium sulphate (?)
Sol m H^O, from which it crystallises on
cooh ig (Joss, J pr 1 142 )

Aluminum magnesium sulphate, MgS04,
A12(S04)3+22H20

Mm Pickennqite

2MgS04, A12(SO4)3+22H2O Mm Pio
ralurmmte

3MgSO4, A12(S04)3+36H20 Very sol in
H20 (Klauer, A 14 264 )

SULPHATE, ALUMINUM MAGNESIUM MANG4NOUS

~100 pts H2<3 dissolve (a) pts anhy<

Aluminum magnesium —
AWSO,),, MgS04, M-

As sol in H20 as K alum (Kane ) Very
sol in H4O (Smith, Sill Am J (2) 18 379 )

Min Bosgeniamte

Aluminum manganous sulphate, A12(S04)8,
MnS04+25H20

Sol m H20 (Berzelius )

+24H20 Mm Apjohmte
Alumuium manganic sulphate, 2A12(S04)3,

2 62 4 50
& 5 22 9 16

60° 70°
a 21 1 26 95
6 51 3 71 97

6 57 9 05 12 35
13 66 19 29 27 3

80° 90° 10
35 2 50 3 70
103 1 187 8 421

(Poggiale, A ch (3) 8 467 )

According to Locke (Am Ch J 190
174) Poggiale's tables for NH4 and K j
are 'evidently transposed, and the

iUo o v JUV*WL* w*j "- "• • t —/

(fitard, C K 86 1399) date are apphed by Poggiale to NH4 all

corresponding
K2A12(S04)4

!£2 um(£Xs^ 2jS *«*

Temp

Pts
KjUa(S04)4

Temp

Pts
K AU(S

3A12(SO'4,XOH$4

0

3 0

Q 5

60
70

25

40

Mm AZwwfe Insol in H20 Insol in

10

O «J

4 0

80

71

"M mCbtlt?g H2SO< of 1 845 SP gr , but

15
20

5 0
5 9

90
92 5

109
119

more easily in a mixture of 12 g H2bU4 ana
1 5 g H20, and also in weaker acids, if heated
to 210° nVhtscherhch, J pr 81 108)
-f9E20 Min Lmngtfe SI sol m boil-
mg HCl+Aq (Mitscherhch, J pr 83 455 )
Nearh msol m HC1 or cone HN OH- ^q,
but sol in a mixture of 1 pt H2S04 and 1 pt
H20 (Debray, BuU Soc (2) 79)
A12O(SO4)2, K2S04 Sol in H20, but de-
comp bv heating
With larying composition Precipitates
Insol in H 0 Verj si sol in cold, gradually
in hot acids (Bley, J pr 39 17 ) Very
difficult!} sol in warm cone HCH-Aq, but
easil} sol in KOH+Aq (Naumann, B 8
ifi^n i

£i\J

30
40
50

7 9
11 7
17 0

100
110
111 9

154
200
210

(Mulder, Scheik Verhandel 1864 9<

100 pts H20 at 17° dissolve 13 *
K2Al2(S04)4+24H20,or736pts K2A12(,
(Redtenbacher, J pr 94 442 )
Forms supersaturated solutions very e
Supersat solutions are brought to cryst
tion by addition of a crystal of alum
isomorphous substance, as chrome 01
alum Other substances as NaCl, etc
no action (Thomson, Chem Soc 35
1 1 H2O dissolves 72 3 g anhydro

JL\rd\J J

Alummum potassium sulphate (Potash alum),
KA1(S04)2+12H20 or K2A12(S04)4 =
K S04, 41 (S04)3+24H O

1384 g hydrated salt, or 028 g m
anhydrous salt at 25° (Locke, Am
J 1901, 26 175 )

Sol in H 0 with absorption of heat
When 100 pts H 0 at 10 8° are mixed with

Solubility m H2O it t°
(g alum in 1000 K H2O )

14 pts alum, the temp is lowered 1 4

t°

g alum

t

g alu

Burnt 'alum is very slowly sol in H20

0

57 0

75

1280

lOOpt H O at t° dissoh e P pts, K Ah(fc>04)4+24H 0

5
i r\

76 3

o/t o

76

77

1412
1517

t P t P

ID
15

o4: y
103 6

/ i

78

1680

i> o 7 b oO 0 46 7

20

120 3

79

1775

jl >3 10 4 62 o 230 0

25

131 3

80

1950

->•> 0 22 0 7o 0 ^20 0

30

184 9

82

2273

^- j 44 1 S/ o lobo o

36

204 3

84

2661

(Brind & 1822 )

40

250 0

84 6

2816

tool in is pt cold and 16 pts boiling H O (Four
CIXA) m 1412 pts cold and 075 pt boiling H2C

45
50

290 2
367 8

85 1
85 3

3166
3337

(Bergmtnn) in lo ptt, cold ani 0 7o pt boiling H/)
(Duma ) in 11 7 ptb H 0 at 18 75° (\bl)
100 pt HO ditosohe 14 79 pts alum at lo 56° and

55
60

457 7
585 4

85 6
86

3372
3997

1333ipt^ at 100 (L res Diet)

65

708 4

87

4825

K \1 (^04)4 + Aq sat at lo c >n i 100^ pts alum

70

943 8

88

6639

in e\ en 100 pts HO (Michel ^n 1 Kn F

K \1 (^O4)^ + A.q sat in cold contains o2% alum
(Fourcro\) b 7«^ (Boerha\e)

(Marino, Gazz ch it 1905, 35 ($)

)U8

> 5

uns
ove

i

Al^mu?^618111?11*^^^80^"23^1804' 10° pts ^IT1^2^'80*^ o°

to pts anhy

aly
jsa-
ar
iror
iav<
99

, 0]

o
Ch

SULPHATE, ALUMINUM POTASSIUM

923

Solubility in H20 at t°

B-pt of I\2AJ2(SO4)4-!-Aq containing pts
K2\12/SO4)4 to 100 pts H20

t°

g KsAh
(S0<)4|>er
100 g HiO

g KaAh
^S04)4+24H20
per 100 g H20

g mol
K2A12(S04)4
per 100 g H2O

B pt

Pts
K>1 (S04)4

B pt

Pts
RjU (S04)4

0
5
10
15
20
25
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
92 5

3 0
3 5
4 0
5 0
5 9
7 23
8 39
11 70
17 00
24 75
40 00
71 0
109 0
119 0

5 65
6 62
7 60
9 59
11 40
14 14
16 58
23 83
36 40
57 35
110 5
321 3
2,275 0

00

0 0058
0 0038
0 0077
0 0097
0 0114
0 0140
0 0162
0 0227
0 0329
0 0479
0 0774
0 01374
0 2110
0 2318

100 5°
101 0
101 5
102 0
102 5
103 0
103 5

17 0
30 2
41 8
51 6
60 4
68 7
76 7

104
104
105
105
106
106
106

0°
5
0
5
0
5
7

83 9
90 7
97 6
103 9
110 5
116 9
120 55

(Gerlach, Z anal 26 435 )

K,Alo(S04)4+^2(S04)3

KgAlg (804)4 is nearly insol in sat A^CSOOs
+Aq (Crum, A 89 156 )

Solubility in Al2'SO4)s-|-Aq Solid Phase =
K alum-f A12'SO4)3

(Mulder, Poggiale, Locke, Marino, Gazz
ch it 1905, 36 (2) 351, and Berkeley, Proc
Roy Soc 1904, 203 A, 214, calc by Seidell,
Solubilities, 1st Ed )

M -pt of K2A12(SO4)4+24H2O = 84 5°
(Tilden, Chem Soc 45 409), =92 5° (Erd-
mann), =91°(Locke)
Sp gr of sat K2Al2(S04)44-Aq at 8° =
1 045 (Anthon), at 15° = 1 0488 (Michel and
Krafft), at 15° = 1 0456 (Stolba)
Sp gr of K2Al2(S04)4+Aq at 15° con-
taining 5% K2A12(SO 4)4 = 10477 (Kohl-
rausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

t°

g Al2(SO4)3-fl8H2O
in 1000 g H O

g K SO4 in
1000 g H20

0
20
35
50
65
77

234 73
824 25
911 02
1,243 21
1,598 00
1,872 11

23 45
30 85
35 29
59 55
119 43
183 80

(Marino, Gazz ch it 1905, 35 (2) 351 )

Solubility is decreased by presence of Na
alum (Venable, C N 1879, 40 198 )
Nearly completed pptd from sat aq

orkln+irvn Vvir a rlrJi-f ir\r» r\i* "P/» r\T« (~^.i* olnrr* f-\r

Sp gr of K2A12 S04)4+Aq at 15° a = pts
KiWSOi)4+24H2O in 100 pts solu-
tion, b = pts K2\12 SO4)4 m 100 pts
solution, c = ptb JK24I2 S04)4 for 100 pts
H2O

Hauer, J B 1866 59 )

K2Al2(S04)4+MgS04

K2^l2'SO4)4+Aq sat at 10° and then sat
with Mg&()4 at 9°, contain^ for 100 pts
H20—

a

h

c

tep fer

4
8
12
13

2 1792
4 35S4
6 5376
7 OSS

2 2277
4 5570
6 9950
7 (>22

1 0210
1 0420
1 0641
1 0690

Alum ( inhydroi^)
Mgfe04

4t 10

•U 9

4 0

2 7
31 2
33 9

31 1

(Gerl ich, Z anal 27 280 )

Saturated solution boils at 111 9°, and
contains 2106 pts K2Al2(S04)4-f24H2O to
100 pts H20 (Mulder)

100 pts H20 contain 52 pts K2A12(S04)4,
and boils at 104 5° (Griffiths ) Crust forms
at 1063°, when the solution contains 1142
pts K2A12(SO4)4 to 100 pts H20 (Gerlach,
Z anal 26 426 )

(Muldei )

K2Al2(S04)4-fK2S04

K2\l2(SO4)4+Aq at 10°, and then sat with
K2SO4 at same temp , contamb for 100
pts H O—

Alum (anhydrous)
K,S04

A.t 10

At 9°

4 0

0 86
9 16

9 7

10 20

(Mulder )

924

SULPHATE, ALUMINUM RUBIDIUM

Solubiht\ m K2S04+Aq Solid phase =
K alum+K2SO4

Aluminum rubidium sulphate, Al2Rb2(£ A
+24H2O ih
100 pts H2O dissolve 227 pts at 7°
very sol in hot H20 (Redtenbache TJ
pr 94 442 )

Solubility in 100 pts H20 at t° (calcu. ed
for salt dried at 130°)

t°

Al C^04)a
•flbHjO
in 1000 g
H20

g KjS04
in 1000
g HaO

t°

g

4.1 t&OOs
+18HO
in 1000
g H20

g K£0«
m 1000
g HaO

0
0 5
5
10
15
30

5 06
8 658
Ib 07
18 52
20 56
39 60

75 83
75 18
85 78
96 50
109 30
147 80

40
50
60
70

80

73 88
126 00
249 70
529 01
1,044 04

163 10
195 40
238 80
323 74
517 27

t°

Pts
alum

t°

Pts
alum

t°

I
a a

€ IT
21 >0

0
10
17

0 71
1 09
1 42

25
35
50

1 85
2 67
4 98

65
80

(Marino, I c )

sat at 10°, and then sat
with Na2SO at 9°, contains for 100 pts

H20—

t

Pts per litre

G mols
anhydrous
per litre

Alum (anhydrous)
Na2S04

\t 10

At 9

4 0
i \

4 1
8 8

8 4

25
30
35
40

18 1
21 9
26 6
32 2

0 059
0 072
0 087
0 106

12 9

Solubility of K2A1 (S04)4+T12A12(S04)4
H 0 at 25°

G

K -J (bO4u
pe 1

G

T1.A1 tS04)4
per 1

Solid phase
Mol %
KM (S04)4

Sp gr

69 90

0 00

100

1 0591

74 56

0 48

99 61

1 0601

67 90

1 72

98 48

1 0598

65 30

4 52

95 45

1 0603

64 95

9 60

91 73

1 0605

53 23

18 44

82 54

1 0609

4o 32

24 60

75 12

1 0609

3S 02

32 48

65 73

1 0611

34 54

35 59

61 36

1 0611

2S 3o

42 99

51 93

1 0623

10 94

66 12

21 34

1 0654

0 00

75 46

0 00

1 0674

iFoch Z Kryst Mm 1897,28 397)

Insol in alcohol of 0 905 sp gr or less
(4nthon, J pi 14 125)

Inbol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904.
37 4o2S)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790)

Solubility in H20 is increased by glycerine
(Dunlop, Pharm J, 1910, 31 6 )

Mm KahniU

+8H2O Stable m dry air (Marmo, / c )

-f 14H20 Converted into ord alum in
air (Marino )

(Setterberg, A 211 104)
Solubility in H2O

(Locke, Am Ch J 1901, 26 180

Melts in crystal H2O at 99° (Ti en,
Chem Soc 46 409), at 105° (Erdm a)
at 109° (Locke )

Aluminum silver sulphate, Al2Ag2(SC 4+

24H2O

Decomp by H2O (Church and N th
cote, C N 9 155 )

Aluminum sodium sulphate, Al2Na2(SC 4-h

24H2O
Very si efflorescent

Sol in 2 14 pts II () it 1? or 100 pts It O d slve
4G7pts so 1 1 alum Sol in 1 pt b>ilm.,IIO (7 ner
Schv\ J 36 ISO

100 pts IfjO disdolvrp 110 pts it I j > an I i mi
liquid of 1 29 h sp fer (Ur )

100 pts H2O dissolve 51 pts soda ah i at
16° (Aug<§, C R 110 1139 )

100 pts H20 dissolve 110 pts soda 'urn
at 0° (Tilden, Chem Soc 45 409 )

100 g H20 dissolve at
10° 15° 20° 25° 30°
36 7 38 7 40 9 43 145 8 g anhydroug islt
(Smith, J Am Chem Soc 1909, 31 17)

M-pt of Na2Al2(SO4)4+24H20 = ( 3
(Tilden, Chem Soc 45 409 ), =63 ° (I ke,
Am Ch J 1901, 26 183 )

Insol in absolute alcohol (Zellner

Min Mendozite

SULPHATE, AMMONIUM

925

Aluminum thallous sulphate, T1A1(S04)2

0 177 g mols of anyhydrous salt are sol
in 1 1 H2O at 25°, or 1 1 H20 dissolves 75 g
of the anhydrous, or 117 8 g of the hydrated
salt at 25s (Locke, Am Ch J 1901, 26
175)

Solubility in H2O at t°

t

G A12T12(S04)4
in 100 g H2O

G A12T1 (SO4)4
+24HO
in 100 g H2O

0

3 15

4 84

5

3 80

5 86

10

4 60

7 12

20

6 40

10 00

25

7 60

11 95

30

9 38

14 89

40

14 40

23 57

50

22 50

38 41

60

35 36

65 19

(Seidell, Solubilities, 1st Ed , p 15 )

3A12(S04)8, T12S04+96H20
(Lainy )

Sol in H20

Aluminum zinc sulphate, A12(S04)S, ZnSO4 +

24H20
Sol in H2O (Kane )

Aluminum sulphate chromium chloride,
Al(OH2)6(S04)2Ci<:i2(OH2)4+2H2O
(Werner, B 1906, 39 337 )

sulphate sodium fluoride
Decomp by H2O (Weber, Dmgl
112)

263

Ammonium sulphate, (NH4)2S04
Sol m H2O with absorption of heat
75 pts (NH4) SO4 mixed with 100 pts
H20 lower the temperature from 13 2° to
6 8°, that is, 6 4 ° (Rudorff, B 2 68 )

Sol m 1 31 pts H,O at 10 (Scluff A 109 326 )

Sol m 2 pts H,O at 18 7 ; (Abl )

bol in 2 pts HjO at 15 6° and in 1 pt boiling H O
(Fourcroy )

100 pta HO at 626 dissolve 78 pts
(Wenzel )

100 pts H2O at 15° dissolve 6(> 739 pts
(Michel and Krafft )

Sol in 1 3 pts cold H20 (Vogel, N Rep
Pharm 10 9)

Sol in 1 37 pts cold H20 at 10° (Mulder,
J B 1866 67 )

Sol m 1 34 pts H20 at 16-17° (v Hauer,
W A B 53, 2 221 )

100 pts H20 dissolve at

0° 10° 20° 30°
71 00 73 65 76 30 78 95 pts (NH4)2S04,
40° 50° 60° 70°
81 60 84 25 86 90 89 55 pts (NH4)2S04,
80° 90° 100°
92 20

V/UL1U.&LTU, \s -LV VU OUU J

Solubihty in 100 pts H2O at t°

0

0

?

t°

^S"

t°

Sjf

t°

Ss

§

fc

§.

0

70 6

37

80 1

74

93 1

1

70 9

38

804

75

93 4

2

71 1

39

80 7

76

93 8

3

71 4

40

81 0

77

94 2

4

71 6

41

81 3

78

94 5

5

71 8

42

81 7

79

94 9

6

72 1

43

82 0

80

95 3

7

72 3

44

82 3

81

96 6

8

72 5

45

82 7

82

96 0

9

72 8

46

83 0

83

96 4

10

73 0

47

83 3

84

96 8

11

73 2

48

83 7

85

97 2

12

73 5

49

84 0

86

97 6

13

73 7

50

84 4

87

98 0

14

74 0

51

84 7

88

98 4

15

74 2

52

85 1

89

98 8

16

74 4

53

85 5

90

99 2

17

74 7

54

85 8

91

99 6

18

74 9

55

86 2

92

100 0

19

75 1

56

86 6

93

1004

20

75 4

57

86 9

94

100 8

21

75 7

58

87 3

95

101 2

22

75 9

59

87 7

96

101 6

23

76 2

60

88 0

97

102 1

24

76 4

61

88 4

98

102 5

25

76 7

62

88 7

99

102 9

26

76 9

63

89 1

100

103 3

27

77 2

64

89 5

101

103 8

28

77 5

65

89 9

102

104 2

29

77 8

66

90 2

103

104 6

30

78 0

67

90 6

104

105 1

31

78 3

68

90 9

105

105 5

32

78 6

69

91 3

106

106 0

33

78 9

70

91 6

107

106 5

34

79 2

71

92 0

108

107 0

35

79 5

72

92 4

108 9

107 5

36

79 8

73

92 7

(Mulder, calculated from his own and other
observations, Scheik \erhandel 1864 60)

100 g (NH4)oS04+Aq contain 41 4 g
(NH4)2S04 at 0° (de Waal, Dissert 1910),
4427 g at 30° (fechreinemakers, Z phys
Ch 71 110), 47 81 g at 70° (de Waal )

(NH4)2SO4+Aqsat at 15° has sp gr 1248
(Michel and Krafft, A ch (3)41 471)

926

SULPHATE, AMMONIUM

Sp gr of (NH4)2S04-f-Aq at 15°

Sp gr of (NH4)2S04+Aq

1
g
£

Sp gr

i

B
g

6*

Sp gr

o

cr
-S

g
^

Sp gr

i^(NH4)2SO4g mol
in 1000 g of solution

Sp gr 16°/16C

0
0

1

2
4
10
20
40
56

5514
1251
3114
5840
0893
0138
5236
8536

1 000000
1 000347
1 000704
1 001436
1 002823
1 006093
1 012023
1 024117
1 033690

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

1 0057
1 0115
1 0172
1 0230
1 0287
1 0345
1 0403
1 0460
1 0518
1 0575
1 0632
1 0690
1 0747
1 0805
1 0862
1 0920
1 0977

18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34

1 1035
1 1092
1 1149
1 1207
1 1265
1 1323
1 1381
1 1439
1 1496
1 1554
1 1612
1 1670
1 1724
1 1780
1 1836
1 1892
1 1948

35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

1 2004
1 2060
1 2116
1 2172
1 2228
1 2284
1 2343
1 2402
1 2462
1 2522
1 2583
1 2644
1 2705
1 2766
1 2828
1 2890

(Dijken, Z phys Ch 1897, 24
Sp gr of (NH4)2S04+Aq at

107
20°

Normality of
(NH4)»S04+Aq

% (NH^aSO*

Sp g]

3 75
2 964
1 978
0 876
0 492

40
32
23
10
6

28
99
01
88
275

1 22$
I 184
1 13
1 06
1 03'

(Schiff, calculated by Gerlach,Z anal 8 280)
Sp gr of (NH4)2S04+Aq at 15°

(Forchheimer, Z phys Ch 1900; 34 22)
Sp gr of (NH4)2SO4+Aq at 20°

Solution

Sp

gr w

eight of 10 com
of the solution

(NI 2S04

5

%
^

Sp gr

?
W

g

0

i

Sp pr

B

g
^

Sp gr

sat

3/4 "
V2 «

l/4 "
l/8 "

1 248
1 196
1 139
1 077
1 039

12 5062 g
11 9034 "
11 3377 "
10 7232 "

5 2
3< 9
2< 6
1 3
I 65

(Wiener, Z phys Chem 1911, 71 1 )

B-pt of sat solution crust fonr 1 at
106 2° solution containing 88 2 pts
(NH4)2SO4 to 100 pts H>O, highest mp
observed, 108 2° (Gerlach, Z anal 26 126)

5
10

1 0292
1 OoSl

20
30

1 1160
1 1730

31

1 1787

(Kohlrausch, ft 4nn 1879 1 )

Sp gr of (NH4)t&04+lq at 15°

B-pt of (NH4)2S04-f-Aq containing pts
(NH4)2S04 to 100 pts H20

5

c

o

jn

s

Sp gr

B

Sp gr

B

Sp gr

>~'

Z

5

3
6

1 0181
1 0359

10
20

1 0600
1 1190

30
40

1 1773
1 2352

(Gerlach, Z anal 28 493 )

Sp gr of sat solution = 1248 (Ger-
lach )

B pt

Pts

(NH4)2S()4

B pt

Pt
(NHO

100 5°
101 0
101 5
102 0
102 5
103 0
103 5
104 0
104 5

7 8
15 4
22 8
30 1
37 2
44 2
51 1
58 0
64 9

105 0°
105 5
106 0
106 5
107 0
107 5
108 0
108 2

71
78
85
92
99
105
112
lit

(Gerlach, Z anal 26 431 )
Sol with decomp in HCl+Aq

SULPHATE, AMMONIUM

927

Solubility in HaSC^+Aq at 25°

100 g of the solution
contain

Mol

000
024
0 47

0 97

1 19

143

1 72
220

2 60
2 71
282

2 96

3 20
332

347
3 54
376
422
5 09

Mol

2 28

3 25
3 19
3 15
3 15

3 22

18
02

2 97

00
3 03
3 10
3 19
3 25

3 32
3 20
2 84
2 26

1 44

Solid phase

(NH4)2S04

(NH4)sH(S04)2

(NH4)HS04

(D'Ans, Z anorg 1909, 65 229 )
Solubility in H2S04-f Aq at 30°

Composition of the solution

Solid phase

%
by wt
H2S04

b;it

(NH4) SO4

ut/C
by wt

HjO

1063

43 59

45 79

(NH 4)2804

1070

43 25

46 05

13 18

44 10

42 72

(NH4) S0* +

3(NH4) S04 H fc* )4

16 67

42 06

41 27

*(NH4) feO* H2S()4

25 82

41 15

33 03

27 33

41 16

31 51

32 32

44 63

22 26

33 12

45 50

21 83

33 84

45 52

20 64

(NH4)HS04

33 96

45 31

20 73

38 51

35 37

26 12

42 12

30 10

27 78

45 80

24 88

29 32

45 77

24 30

29 93

56 55

16 98

26 37

6243

20 41

17 16

62 46

24 40

13 14

63 12

24 20

12 68

62 57

27 67

9 76

62 83

29 75

8 42

62 56

30 26

7 28

62 67

31 86

5 47

52 59

33 70

3 71

31 63

36 75

1 72

5223

36 95

0 82

(Van Dorp, Z phys Ch 1910, 73 285 )

Solubility of (NH4)2S04 in HJSO4+Aq at 25°

In 1000 g of the
solution

Solid phase

Mol
SO3

Mol
(NH4)iS04

4 29

2 17

4 57

1 83

(NH4)HS04

4 85

1 60

5 25

1 36

5 66

1 22

6 16

1 26

6 47

1 55

(NH4)HS04

6 51

1 95

6 50

2 37

6 43

2 50

(NH4)HSO4+rNH4)Hs(SO4)2

7 28

1 64

7 99

1 38

(NH4)HS(S04)2

(760)
(800)

(174)
(142)

9 02

0 96

9 21

0 832

(NH4)HS207

9 60

0 977

9 68

1 00

9 67

1 26

(NH4)HS207+?

10 43

0 894

(D'Ans, Z anorg 1913,80 241)

Very easily sol , even in cone NH4OH+
Aq (Girard, Bull Soc (2) 43 522 )

Solubility of (NH4) SO4 in NH4OH+ 4q at 25°

In 1000 g of the solution

Mol (NKU) SO*

Mol (NH3)

3 28

0

2 60

1 02

2 13

1 95

1 59

3 44

1 16

5 35

0 78

7 13

0

9 47

(D' \iv, and hchremei / anoig 1910,67 438 )

100 pts H O dissolve 46 5 pts (NH4) S04
and268pts NH4C1 at 21 5°

Solubility of (NH4) SO4 in \H4Cl + \q at 30°

NtuCl

0

6 86
14 62
17 60
17 93
19 07
19 97
22 3
24 06
29 5

(NH4)

44

36 15
28 6
25 69
25 81
23 22
21 3
16 33
12 72
0

feohd phase

S04

n

(NH4) bO4+NH4Cl
*

NH4C1

(fechrememakers, Arch Ne'er fee 1910, (2) 15

92)
See also under NH4C1

$28

SULPHATE, AMMONIUM

(NH4) SO<-f-CuS04
Solubility of <NH4)2S04-f CuS04 in H2O at
16°

(NH4)2S04+Li2SO4
Solubility of (NH4)2S04-hLi2S04

Temp =30° ™"

Solution

•1 4

(NH4)°2SOi

LJo4

Solid phase

44 1
40 8
39 5
30
21 6
15
12 5
8 9
0

0
3
6 6
10
15
20
21 9
23
25 1

(NH4)2S04

(NH4)2S04+NH4L (X
NH4LiS04

tt

NH4LiS04+Li2S04 L
Li2S04, H20

Both salts in excess
15 cc sat sol +3 g (\H*) SO4
15 cc sat sol +3 g CuSO,5H 0

8 55 7 12
1 77 18 16
15 85 5 65

(Rudorff, B 6 482 )

Solubility of (NH4)2SO4-|-CuS04 in H20 at
30°

(NH4)lb04

4

o

Solid phase

Temp =50

45 7

43 05
19 65
13 90
13 97
11 45
9 63
8 58
7 56
0

1
5 86
16 35
21 20
21 23
21 75
22 79
23 09
23 86
24 3

(NH4)2S04
(NH4)2S04+NH4L 0,
!NH4LiS04

NH4LiSO4+Li2S04 ff2
Li2S04, H20

K
tt
tt
tt

0
2 45
5 79

6 98
8 19
9 33
17 53
29 27
38 o2
43 29

44

20 32

20 10
20 53 c

Ib 77
13 65
11 03
4 05
1 57
0 77
0 49 c

0

CuS04 5H O

'uS04 oH 0 +CuS04 (NH4) S04
6H O
CuS94 (NH4) SO4 6H 0

XiSCh (NH4)2S046H O-f-
(NH4) S04
(NH4) S04

(Schrememakers and Cocheret, Che
Weekbl 1905,2 771)

(NH4)2S04+MnS04
Solubility of (NH4)2SO4-fMnS04 m ] 0
G per 100 g sat solution

Temp =30°

(bchrememakers. \rch !sǤer Sc 1910, 15
12)
See also under CuSO4

(NH4)oS04+FeS04
Solubility of (NH4) bO4-fFeSO4 in H2O +
\q \t 30°

MnSO*

CNH4)2&0,

Solid phase

39 3
38 49

33 44
22 06
9 02
2 91

1 75

1 77
0

0
3 64

4 91
9 65
?0 36
37 42
42 58

43 24
43 4

MnSO4, 5H2O
MnSO4, 5H20+Mn£ 4,
(NH^SO^bHaO

u
tt
tt

MnS04,(NH4)2S04, I2C
4-(NH4)2S04

(NH4)2S04

tt

Compobiton of the
solution

base

fFetoO4

b\ wt
(NH4) bO

i

24 QO

2o 24
2-) 22

2) 2h

17 b4
lo 1)

T 70
1 72
0 79

0 79
0

0
•> 24

•> S9
b 44
b 90
11 45
Ib 29
10 64
34 24
43 SO

43 90
44 27

FeSO4 7H O
tebO4 7H 04-

FeS04 (NH4) S04 bH O

Feb04 (NH4)2S34 6H2O +
(NH4) b04

(NH4)oS04

Temp =50°

36 26
35 35

30 57
16 86
6 92
6 29
5 70

3 49
0

0
2 95

5 14
17 62
35 98
39 71
43 24

44 02
45 7

MmS04, H20
MnSO4, H2O+2Mm( )4,

(NH4)2S04

2MnSO4, (NH4) 04

tt

tt

tt

2MnSO4, (NH4)2S t+
(NH4)2S04
(NH4)2S04

(Schrememakers, Chem Weekbl 1( 9,
131)

(Schrememakerb,

Z ph>s Ch 1910,71 111)

SULPHATE, AMMONIUM

929

(NH4)2SO4-hK2SO4

100 pts (NH4)2S04+K2SO4-{-Aq sat at
,17° contain 3841 pts of the two salts
which 5 45 pts are K2SO4, and 32 96 pts
JH4)2S04 (v Hauer, J pr 28 137 )
100 pts H2O dissolve 50 6 pts (NH4)2SO4
id 72 pts K2S04 at 11 ° (Mulder, J B
166 67)

(NH4)2SO4 and K2SO4 replace each other in
lution, so that by adcUng one of these
Its to a seemingly saturated solution of the
her, it is dissolved with pptn of the other
It (Rudorff, B 6 485)

Insol in absolute alcohol Sol in 500 pts
alcohol of 0872 sp gr, and in 625 pts of
0 905 sp gr (Anthon, J pr 14 125 )

n JS1 m 217 4 Pts of 66 8% alcohol (sp gr =
088) at 24 3° (Pohl, J pr 66 219)

Tolerably sol in alcohol, the sp gr of which
is greater than 0 860 Insol in alcohol of sn
gr less than 0850

Solubility in dil alcohol

Solubility of (NH4)2SO4+R2S04 at 19 1°

When (NH4) SO4 is dissolved in dil alcohol,
two layers are formed, the compositions of
which are as follows

Solution

^S

M

if

Sp gr

Lower layer
100 com contain in g

th salts in excess
cc sat sol 4-4 g K2SO4
cc sat sol +4 g (NH4)2SO4

39 3
4 94
2 05

37 97
33 26
40 80

alcohol

•water

salt

1 2240
1 1775
1 1661
1 1655
1 1735

8 85
10 62
11 29
11 42

71 43
68 26
67 70
67 34
66 54

74 16
59 54
56 56
56 30
59 20

ubikty

(Rudorff, B 6 482 )

of (NH4)2S04+K2SO4 in H
25°

2O at

Sp gr

L/pper layer
100 com containing

K-S04
perl

g (NH4»2SOi
p rl

g K2S04

p rl

g (NH4) S04
per 1

alcohol

water

salt

L27 9
[35 7
84 2

0 0

115 7
281 1

59 28
40 27
0 0

355 0

482 7
542 3

0 9530
0 9512
0 9440
0 9098
0 8750
0 8549
0 S308

41 37

44 20
44 27
52 64
62 61
67 04
77 55

48 47
45 95
45 61
36 78
24 60
18 36
5 53

5 45
4 97
4 51
1 56 ^
0 30
0 09
0 00

Results are also given for 14°. 15°. 16°
and 47°
(Fock, Z Kryst Mm 1897, 28 365

,30°,

f

olubihty of (NH4)2SO4+lh(S04)2 at lb°
Pts per 100 pts H O

(Bodlander Z ptrys Ch 7 3 8 J

Solubilifrv in ethjl alcohol -f\q

Th(S04)2

^<>h 1 plm <

Upper la^y, er

1 tmp

b HO

k alcohol

g salt

3 361
5 269
8 947
13 330

10 359
9 821

6 592
5 750
4 583
1 653

rh(S04)2 9H20

it

1C

1h(S04)2, 9H20+Th(S04)2,
(NH4)2S04 4H20
Th(SO4)2 (NH4)2S04 4H2O
" +Th(S04)2, 2(NH4)2S04
2H20
Th(S04)2, 2(NH4)2S04 2H2O

Th(S04)2, 3(NH4)2S04 3H20
t(

lb 0°
33 0°
41 8°
55 7°

52 80
47 99
47 34
45 90

40 21

40 7o
47 67
49 47

6 99
o 2b
4 99
4 b3

'
Loxver ^er

16 6°
33 0°
41 8°
55 7°

60 33
61 02
61 16
61 59

10 19
9 80
9 74
9 46

29 48
29 18
29 10
28 95

(Barre,

A ch 1911, (8) 24 239 )

(Traube, Z phvs Ch 1887, 1 509 )

Solubility of (NH<)2S04 in alcohol at 30°
T*o liquid lasers axe formed between al-
cohol concentrations of 5 8 and W
Composition of layers

% propyl alcohol

% (NEW S04

20
30
40
50
60
70

6 7
4 8
3 2
2 0
1 0
0 4

" (Linebarger, \m Ch J 1892, 14 38

At concentration of 62% alcohol the
liquid is homogeneous and contains Irf/o
(TvTT ^ SO

(Wibaut, Chem Weekbl 1909, 6 401 )

Solubility of (NH4) S04 m alcohol at 60°

rj (\H4) SO*

c~c alcohol

^cHO

43 02

41 1

2 32

4 1

54 66
54 8

1 2
0 2

64 5
75 5

34 3

24 3

"-

Between 4 1° and 645°, t*o liquid layers
are formed

Composition of laj ers

100 g 95% formic acid dissolve 2
(NH4)2S04 at 16 5° (Aschan, Ch Ztg

37 1117 )

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904 37

Insol m methyl acetate (Naumai
1909 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Nam
B 1910,43 314)

Insol m CS2 (Arctowski, Z anorg
6 257)

Ammonium hydrogen sulphate, NH4
SI deliquescent Sol in 1 pt cold

Very si sol in alcohol (Gerhardt,
(3) 20 255 )

Insol m acetone (Naumann, B
37 4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II, 101
(NH4)SH(S04)2 Not deliquescent
m H20 (Mitscherhch, Pogg 39 19?
(NH4)2S04, 3HoS04 ) D'Ans and ,-ct
Z anorg 1913, 80 241 )

Lpper h\er

lovttr la\cr

5

^

-3

~$

4

^s

1 2

1 6
3 S

7 4
10

b4 5
60
50
40
34 4

3"i O

38 4
4b 2
o2 6
oo b

41 1
3b S
30 8
26 6
23 b

4 1
b

12
15

54 8
57 2
bO 2
61 4
61 4

(bchrememakeis, Z ph\b Ch 1907,59 641)
solubihU in ihohol+ \q at 0°

<-0 (NH4) t>04

^ ahohol

^ H O

41 4
)0 0

0 14

0
9 41

73 03

58 6
60 rt

26 83

Two layers are formed between alcohol
concentrations of 9 41 and 73 03%
(de Waal, Dissert 1910 )

Ammonium p?/r0sulphate,
Decomp by H/) (Schulze )
NH4HS20 (D'Ans and Schreir

anorg 1913, 80 241 )

Ammonium octosulphate, (NH4)>SaO
Decomp by H O (Webei, B 17

Ammonium antimony sulphate,

(NH4)>SO4,Sb2(bO4)3

Behaves toward HoO and abb ale
a mixture of the components (M
anorg I'OS, 48 152) _,__,,

Decomp very slowly by Jl^U
mann, Aich Phaim 1898, 236 479

Ammonium bismuth sulphate, NH41

+4HO

Easily sol m HC1, and HNO8 +
sol in cone H>S04, and hot dil acids
decomp by cold HC2H3O2, and dil ]
Aq (Luddecke, A 140 277 )

Ammonium cadmium sulphate, (N
CdS04+6H20

Can be recrystallised from a litl
(v Hauer )

1 1 H20 dissolves 723 g anhydi
at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27

, AMMONIUM CHROMIC

931

3(NH4)2SO4, CdSO4+10H20 (Andr<§, C
104 987)

nmomum calcium sulphate,

(NH4)2Ca(S04)2+H20
Decomp by H2O (Fassbender, B 11

OQ \

Sol in fNH4)2S04+Aq (Rose, Pogg
0 292)

This double salt is stable between 0° and
0° in solutions containing an excess of
[E4)2S04 It is not formed if the solution
atains less than 35% (NH4)2S04 (Barre,
R 1909, 148 1605 )

(S04)8Ca2(NH4)2 Decomp by H20
I'Ans, B 1907,40 192)
This double salt is formed m the presence
an excess of CaS04 and at temp above 80°
arre, C R 1909, 148 1605 )
Ca6(NH4)2(S04)6+H2O Decomp byH20
>>Ans,B 1907,40 192)

amonium calcium cupnc sulphate,

Ca Cu(NH4)2(S04)4+2H20
Very stable (D'Ans, B 1908,41 1778)

amomum calcium potassium sulphate,

NH4CaK(S04)2+H20
Decomp by cold H2O (Fassbender, B

1968)

ornomum cerous sulphate, (NH4)2Ce2(SO4)4

+8H20

More sol in cold than in hot H20 (Czud-
wicz)

100 g H2O dissolve at
3° ^2 35° 35 1° 45 2°
331 5 328 5 184 4 993 g anhydiousbalt,

45° 55 3° 55 2°
2 994 2 240 2 187 g anhydioub salt

75 4° 85 2°

1 482 1 184 g anhydrous salt
(Wolff, Z anoig 1905, 45 102 )

5(NH4)S04, C<2(SO4)a (Baire, C R
10, 151 873 )

amomum cenc sulphate, 3(N1I4) SO4,

Ce(S04)o+4HO

Slightlv efflorescent 1' ibily sol m H20
tendelejeff, A 168 50)
3(NH4)2SO4, 2Ce(SO4)2+3H2O SI bol
H20 (Mendelejeff )

amomum chromous sulphate, NH4Cr(S04)2

0407 g mol anhydrous salt is sol mil

0 at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1901, 26

5)

+6H20 100 com of sat aqueous solution

item 55 g of the salt at 20° Insol in

ohol (Laurent, C R 1911, 131 112 )

Ammonium chromic sulphate, (NH4) SO4,
Cr2(SO4)3

Not attacked by boiling H«0 or cone HC1
+Aq Very slowlv attacked by boiling KOH
-f Aq (sp gr =1 3) Insol m CrCl + 4q or
SnCl2-fAq (JKlobb, Bull Soc (3) 9 664 )

+5H2O Is ammonium chromosulphate,
which see

+24H20 Chrome Alum

Violet modzfiratwn Efflorescent Sol in
cold H2O, but solution is decomp on heating
with formation of green modification The
dd solution of green modification is grad-
ually converted into violet modification by
standing Alcohol ppts it from aqueous
solution (Schrotter, Pogg 53 526 )

100 cc H»O dissolve 10 78 g anhydrous, or
21 21 g hydrated salt at 25° Melts m crystal
H20at45° (Locke 1m Ch J 1901 26 174)

Solubility m H20

Saturation is very slowly reached owing to
transition between violet and green modifi-
cations If time of saturation is taken at
2M hours, 100 g of the solution contain at
0° 30° 40°

3 77 10 6 15 5 g (NH4)2Cr2(S04)4

This is assumed to be the solubility of the
violet modification

In 300 hours, 1596 g salt are dissolved
at 30°, and 2464 g in 250 hours at 40°
(Koppel, B 1906, 39 3741 )

Calc from electrical conductivity measuie-
ments, a solution containing 3 8 g of the
sulphate in 100 g contains 48% of the green
compound at 40° and 61% at 55° With
solutions of 6-7 times the above concentra-
tion equilibrium is reached at 40° with 30-
40% green alum (Koppel )

Sp gi of aqueous solution of violet modi-
fication at 15°, containing

4 8 12% (NH4) Ci (SO4)4+24H O

1 020 1 0405 1 OblO

Sit solution at 15° has sp gi =1070
(Geilach)

Grten modifi atwn Sol in. H O ind al-
cohol When in aquooub bolution, it gi iduallv
changes to violet modific ition

Sp gr of aqutoub solution of pun modi-
fic ition at 15°, containing

10 20 30% (NH4) Ci (SO4)4+24H 0,
1 044 1 091 1 142

40 50 60% (NH4) Ci2(SO4)4+24H,O,
1 197 1 255 1 317

70 SO 90% (NH4)>Ci>(S04)4+24H>0
1 384 1 456 1 532

(Gerlach, Z anal 28 498 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329)

3(NH4)2SO4, Cr2(SO4)3 Only si attacked
by boiling H20 Not attacked b> boiling
cone (NH4)2S04+Aq (Klobb, Bull Soc
(3)9 663)

932

SULPHATE, AMMONIUM COBALTOUS

Ammonium cobaltous sulphate,

100 pts H20 dissolve at
0° 10° 18° 23° 35°
89 116 152 171 19 6 pts anhydrous salt,

40° 45° 50° 60° 75°
223 25 287 345 43 3 pts anhydrous salt
(Tobler,A 95 193)

100 pts saturated solution contain at
20° 40° 60° 80°
149 208 256 33 pts anhydrous salt
(v Hauer, J pr 74 433 )

1 1 HiO dissolves 147 2 g anhydrous salt
at 25° Tobler's results are inaccurate
(Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27 459 )
Pptd from aqueous solution by alcohol

Ammonium cobaluc sulphate,
(MI4)2Co2(S04)4+24H O
Sol in H O "with decomp (Marshall.
Chem Soc ->9 760)

Ammonium cobaltous cupnc sulphate,
2(\H4) S04, CoSO4, CuS04+12H20
Quite easily sol in hot H O, but on long
boiling a basic salt is pptd (\ ohl, \ 94 58 )

Ammonium cobaltous ferrous sulphate,
2(\H4) S04j CoS04, FeSO4+12H2O
Sol in H 0 (\ ohl, A 94 57 )

Ammonium cobaltous magnesium sulphate.
2(MI4)S04; CoS04 MgS04+12H2O
sol m H O (\ ohl, \ 94 57 )

Ammonium cobaltous manganous sulphate,
2(\H4)feC4 CofcO4, MnS04 + 12H 0
bol in H O (\ ohl, A 94 57 )

Ammonium cobaltous nickel sulphate,

Solubility of (NH4)2Cu(SO4)2, 6H,<
(NH4)2Ni(S04)2, 6H20 in H20 at 13-14
Mols per 100 mols H20

Cu salt

Ni salt

% Cu salt
solid pha

0
0 1476
0 2664
0 4165
0 4785
1 0350

0 521
0 295
0 2089
0 1449
0 1202
0

0
10 29
30 59
52 23

78 80
100

(Fock, Z Kryst Min 1897, 28 365^

Solubility of (NH4)2Cu(S04)2, 6H
K2Cu(S04)2. 6H20 in H20 at 13-14°
Mols per 100 mols H20

Ksalt

NEU alt

% K salt
solid pha

0
0 897
0 2269
0 2570
0 2946
0 3339
0 4560
0 4374

1 035
0 8618
0 6490
0 5887
0 5096
0 3319
0 1961
0

0
5 0(
16 71
30 4(
36 6
50 1
69 9
100

(Fock )

Solubility of (NH4)2Cu(S04)2, 6B )
(NH4)2Zn(S04), 6H20 m H2O at 13-1
Mols per 100 mols H2O

Cu salt

Zn salt

% Cu sal n
solid ph

0 0422
0 0666
0 1218
0 2130
0 3216
1 035

0 8069
0 5638
0 5115
0 4924
0 4022
0

2 5
4 £
9 C
14 €
22 6
100

Sol m H 0 (\ ohl, \ 94 57 )

Ammonium cobaltous zinc sulphate,

2(\H4> K)4j CoS04 ZnS04-{-12H2O
Nil m HO (\ ohl, \ 94 57 )

Ammonium cupnc sulphate, (NH4) SC4,
Cub()4+bHO

Lffloitbctnt in \\aim an

s 1 in 1 j pt bnlm,, H O and ac pirates almo&t
\\i 11\ tnc ohrj, i\ )ttl J pr 2 194
s 1 in 1 10 pt-s II O at IS "o ( \bl )

100 pts H 0 at 19° dissohe 26 6 pts , and
bat solution has sp ^r =1 1337 (Schiff, A
109 426

100 g sat solution at 30° contain 30 36 g
anhydrous salt (Schrememakers. Arch Ne'er
Sci 1910, (2) 15 92 )

(Fock )

(NH4)>feG4, 2CuS04
(Klobb, C 1? 115 2*0)

\ery sol in i

Ammonium cupnc ferrous sulphate

£ Sol in H O without decomposition o
A 94 61 )

Ammonium cupnc magnesium sulphate

2(NH4)2S04, Cufe()4, MgS04+12H )
Sol m H«O (Vohl, A 94 57 )

Ammonium cupnc magnesium potassiu s
, CuSO4; MgS04, £

K

Sol in H2O (Schiff )

i ^^c?804' CuS°4' 2
18H20 Sol in H20 (Sduff

SULPHATE, AMMONIUM IRON

933

nmonium cupnc manganous sulphate,

2(NH4)2S04, CuS04, MnS04+12 H2O
Sol in H20 (Vohl, A 94 57 )

mnomum cupnc nickel sulphate,

2(NH4)2S04, CuSO4, NiSO4+12E20
Sol in H20 (Vohl )

mnonium cupnc potassium sulphate,

NH4KSO4, CuSO4+6H2O
Sol in H2O (Schiff )

omonium cupnc zinc sulphate,

2(NH4)2SO4} CuS04, ZnSO4+12H20
Sol in H20 (Vohl )

mnonium cupnc sulphate ammonia,

(N*H4)2S04, CuO, 2NH3
Sol in 1 5 pts cold H2O, but decomp on
posure to air or dilution Insol in alcohol
uhn)

omonium didymium sulphate, (NH4)2S04,

Di2(S04)3+8H20

Sol in 18 pts H2O, and less easily in
[H4)2S044-Aq (Mangnac )
Moderately sol in H2O (Cleve, Bull Soc
) 43 362 )

mnonium erbium sulphate, (NH4)2S04,

Er2(S04)3+8H20
Sol in H2O (Cleve )

omonium galhum sulphate,

(NH4)2Gao(SO4)4+24H2O
Sol m cold water and dilute alcohol Cone
ution clouds up on boiling, but clears on
sling Dil solution separates out a basic
t, msol m hot or cold H2O (Boisbaudran )

runonium glucinum sulphate, (NH4)2SO4,

G1S04-MH2O
Sol in H20 (Atterbcrg )

tunomum indium sulphate,

(NH4)2Ina(b04)4+24H,0
100 pts H20 dissolve 200 pt& salt at 16°,
d 400 pts at M°
Insol in alcohol

Melts in crystal H2O at 36° (Rosbler, J
(2) 7 14 )
+8H20 (Rossler )

nmonium indium sulphate, (NH4)2S04,

Ir2(S04)3+24H20

Easily sol m H2O (Marino, Z anorg
04, 42 221 )

amomum iron (ferrous) sulphate,

(NH4)2Fe(S04)2+6H20
Much less sol m H2O than FeSO4+7H20
ogel, J pr 2 192 )

100 pts H2O dissolve at
0° 12° 20° 30° 36°
12 2 17 5 21 6 28 1 31 8 pts anhydrous salt,

45° 55° 60° 65° 75°
362 403 446 498 567pts anhydrous salt
(Tobler, A 95 193)

100 pts H2O at 16 5° dissolve 35 9 pts
hydrous salt

1 1 H20 dissolves 351 pts or 1 044 g mol
anhydrous salt at 25° (Locke. Am Ch J
1902, 27 459 )

Sol in H20 without decomp Aq solution
at 30° contains 13 13% FeS04 and 11 45%
(NH4)2S04 (Schreinemakers, C C 1910, I
801)

Sp gr of (NH4)2FeSO4+4.q at 19°
% = %(NH4)2FeSO4+6H20

%

Sp gr

%

Sp gr

%

Sp gr

I

1 006

11

1 066

21

1 130

2

1 013

12

1 073

22

1 136

3

1 018

13

1 080

23

1 143

4

1 024

14

1 085

24

1 150

5

1 030

15

1 092

25

1 156

6

1 036

16

1 097

26

1 164

7

1 042

17

1 104

27

1 171

8

1 047

18

1 110

28

1 179

9

1 054

19

1 116

29

1 185

10

1 060

20

1 124

30

1 193

(Schiff calculated bv Gerlach, Z anal 8
280)

Insol in acetone

Ammonium ferric sulphate, basic

Extremely difficultly sol inHCl+Aq Not
decomp by KOH+Aq (Berzelms )

5(NH4)2O, 3Fe203, 12S03+18HoO or
2(NH4)20, Fe203, 4SO3+4H20 Sol m 2 4
pts cold H2O (Maus, Pogg 11 79 )

Ammonium iron (feme) sulphate, (NH4)2S04.
*e,(S04)3

Attacked slowly by cold H 0 (Lachaud
and Lepierre )

Nearly msol m H20 (\\ emland, Z anorg
1913, 84 363 )

+24H2O Iron alum Sol in 3 pts H20
at 15° (Forchhammer, Ann Phil 5 406 )

100 cc HO dissolve 44 15 g anhydrous, or
124 40 g hydrated salt at 25°, or 1 659 g
mols anhydrous salt aie sol in 1 1 HO at
25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1901, 26 174 )

Sp gr of aqueous solution at 15° contain-
ing

5 10 15% (NH4)2Fe2(S04)4+24H20,
1 023 1 047 1 071

20 25 30% (NH4)2Fe2(S04)4+24H20,
1 096 1 122 1 148

35 40% (NH4)2Fe2(S04)4+24H20
1 175 1 203

334

SULPHATE, AMMONIUM IRON

40%
anal 2

solution is sat at 15° (Gerlach, Z
496 )

crystal H2O at 40° (Locke )
4204, Fe2(SO4)8 Insol in cold
(Lachaud and Lepierre )

iron (ferrofernc) sulphate,
4(NH4)2S04, FeS04, Fe2(SO4)8+3H20
SI sol in cold H20, decomp into basic salt
oy not H2O, insol in alcohol (Lachaud and
Lepierre, C R 114 916 )

Aiximonruin ferrous magnesium sulphate.

4(NH4)2SO4. 3FeS04, MgS04+24H20
Sol in H2O tSchiff, A 107 64 )
2(NH4)2SO4, FeS04, MgS04+12H20 Sol

m H20 (Vohi, A 94 57)

Ammonium ferrous manganous sulphate,
2(NH4)2SO4, FeSO4, MnS04+12H20
Sol in H2O (Vohl, A 94 57 )

Ammonium ferrous nickel sulphate,

2(NH4)2SO4, FeS04, NiS04-f 12H20
Sol in H2O (Vohl, A 94 57 )

Ammonium ferrous zinc sulphate,

2(NH4)2SO4, FeSO4, ZnS04+12H2O
Sol in H2O (Bette, A 14 286 )

Ammonium lanthanum sulphate, (NH4)2S04,
La2(SO4)3+8H20

SI sol mH2O (Mangnac)

Quite sol in H2O ( Cleve )

+2H2O (Barre. C R 1910, 151 872 )

5(NH4)2SO4, 2£a2(S04)3 SI sol in
(NH4)2SO4+Aq of concentrations above 60%
(Barre, A ch 1911, (8) 24 246)

5(NH4)2SO4, La2(SO4)3 (Barre )

Ammonium lead sulphate, (NH4)2S04, PbS04
Decomp by H20 into its constituents

(Wohler and Litton, A 43 126 )

Decomp by H20 Only stable in contact

with solutions containing

13 86 pts (NH4)2SO4 per 100 pts H20 at
20° *

19 25 pts (NH4)2SO4 per 100 pts H20 at
50°

24 31 pts (NH4)2SO4 per 100 pts H20 at
75°

29 42 pts (NH4)2S04 per 100 pts H20 at
100°

(Barre, C R 1909, 149 294 )

Ammonium lithium sulphate, NH4LiS04
Solubility in H20 = 3525% at —10,° and

36 18% at 70° (Schrememakers, C C 1906,

I 217)

This is the only double salt which

(NH4)2SO4 forms with Li2S04 below 100°

(Spielrem, C R 1913, 167 48 )

Ammonium magnesium sulphate,

(NH4)2Mg(S04)2+6H20
100 pts H2O dissolve 15 9 pts anhydrous
double salt at 13° (Mulder )
100 pts H20 dissolve at
0° 10° 15° 20° 30°
9 0 14 2 15 7 17 9 19 1 pts anhydrous salt,

45° 50° 55° 60° 75°
25 6 30 0 31 9 36 1 45 3 pts anhydrous salt
(Tobler, A 96 193)

More sol in H20 than (NH4)2SO4 or MgSO<
(Graham )

1 1 H20 dissolves 199 pts anhydrous salt
at 25° Tobler's results are inaccurate
(Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27 459 )

100 g H20 dissolve at
34° 41° F

18 22 20 72 g (NH4)2S04, MgSO4, 6H2O

50° 59° F

22 48 24 08 g (NH4)2S04, MgSO4, 6H2O,

60° 70° F

2481 2826 g (NH4)2S04, MgSO4, 6H2O,

81° F

33 33 g (NH4)2SO4, MgSO4, 6H2O
(Lothian, Phann J 1910, (4) 30 546 )

Lothian's results for solubility in H2O
probably incorrect because of inaccuracy of
experimental method (Seidell, Pharm J
1911, (4) 33 846 )

Solubility of (NH4)2Mg(S04)2 m H2O at t°

t

g inhyclrous saU p r 1O ) g

solution

H o

0

10 58

11 83

10

12 75

14 61

20

15 23

17 96

25

16 45

10 60

30

17 84

21 71

40

20 51

25 Sf>

50

23 IS

30 17

60

26 02

35 17

80

3? 5S

4S 32

100

39 66

65 72

(Porlezza, Att Arc I me 1914 (5) 23 II,

509 )
Mm Cerbohte

Ammonium magnesium nickel sulphate.
2(NH4) S04, MgS04, NiS04 + 12H O
Sol in H20 (Vohl, A 94 57 )

Ammonium magnesium potassium zinc sul-
phate, 2(NH4),SO4; 3MgSO4, 3K2SO4,
2ZnS04+30H20

Sol m H20 (Schiff, A 107 64 )
(NH4)2SO4, 2MgSO4, 2K2SO4, ZnSO44-
18H20 Sol m H2O (Schiff )

(NH4)2SO4, MgSO4. K2SO4, ZnSO4-f 12H2O
Sol mH20 (Schiff)

, AMiVUJlNlUM

yoo

Ammonium magnesium zinc sulphate,

2(NH4)2S04, MgS04, ZnS04-K2E20
Sol m H20 (Vohl, A 94 57 )

Ammonium manganous sulphate, (NH4)2S04i

MnS04+6lf20

Deliquescent Easily sol mH20 (Jahn)
1 1 H2O dissolves 372 g anhydrous salt

at 25° (Locke, Am Oh J 1902, 27 459 )
(NH4)2S04, 2MnS04 Readily decomp by

H20 (Lepierre, C R 1895, 120 924 )

Ammonium manganic sulphate, (NH4)2S04,
Mn2(S04)8

Decomp by H2O Insol in ether. C6H6, and
cone H2SO4 Sol in dil H2S04+Aq (Le-
pierre, Bull Soc 1895, (3) 13 596 )

•f24H2O Decomp by H20 (Mitscher-
hch)

Ammonium manganous nickel sulphate.

2(NH4)2SO4, MnS04, NiS04+12H20
Sol in H20 (Vohl, A 94 57 )

Ammonium manganous zinc sulphate.

2(NH4)2SO4, MnS04, ZnS04+12H20
Sol mH2O (Vohl)

Ammonium mercunc sulphate, (NH4)2S04,
3HgS04+2H20

(Hirzel, J B 1860 333 )

(NH4)2S04, HgS04 Difficultly sol in
H20 Easily sol in NH4OH+Aq

Ammonium mercurous sulphate ammonia,

3Hg20, 2(NH4)HgS04, 2NH3
Insol m hot or cold, dil or cone H2S04
and HNO3 Sol m HC1 (Tarugi, Gazz
ch it 1903, 33 (1) 131 )

Ammonium nickel sulphate, (NH4)2S04,
NiSO4+6H20

Sol in 4 pis (old 110 (I ink 1796)

100 pts H2O dissolve at
35° 10° 1(>° 20° 30°
18 32 5 S 5 9 S 3 pts anhydrous salt,

40° 50° 50° (>H° S5°
115 144 U>7 1SS 2X6 pts anhydious salt
(Iobl(i,A 95 193)

100 pts sat solution contain at 20°, 9 4,
at 40°, 1*2, at (>0°, 18 b, at 80°, 23 1 pts
anhydious silt (v Huur, J pr 74 433)

1 1 n2O dissolves 75 7 g anhydrous salt
at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902,27 459)

Nearly insol m i weak acid solution of
(NH4)2SO4 (Ihompson, C C 1863 957)

Ammonium nickel zinc sulphate, 2(NH4)2S04,

NiSO4, ZnSO4+12H20
Sol m H2O (Vohl, A 94 57 )

Ammonium nickel sulphate ammonia,
(NH4)2S04, NiS04, 6NH8+ 3H2O
(Andr<§, C R 106 936 )

Ammonium platmic sulphate,

Pt3(S04)8+-25H20
Sol in H20 (Prost, Bull Soc (2) 46 156 )

Ammonium potassium sulphate,

Soluble in H O 100 pts H2O at 16° dis-
solve 13 68 pts salt (Thomson, 1831 )
Min Taytonte

Ammonium praseodymium sulphate,

(NH4)2S04, Pr2(S04)8+8H20
SI sol m H20 (von Scheele. Z anorg
1898, 18 359)

Ammonium rhodium sulphate,

(NH4)2S04, EIh2(S
Very sol H20, melts in crystal HaO at
102-103° (Piccim, Z anorg 1901, 27 67 )

Ammonium samarium sulphate,

Sm2(S04)8+8H20
SI sol in H20 (Cleve, Bull Soc (2) 43
166)

Ammonium scandium sulphate, (NH4)2S04,

Sc2(S04)8

Sol inH2O (Cleve)
Sol in H20 and in dil (NH4)2S04+Aq
(R J Meyer, Z anorg 1914, 86 279 )

Ammonium sodium sulphate, NH4NaS04-J-

2H2O

100 pts H20 dissolve 46 6 pts of cryst salt
at 15°, and the solution has a sp gr of 1 1749
Sp gr of aqueous solution containing
31 8 24 44 15 9% NH4NaS04+2H2O,
1 1749 1 1380 1 0849

12 72 6 36 % NH4NaS04+2H20
1 0679 1 0337

(Schiff, A 114 68 )

Ammonium strontium sulphate

Insol m excess of (NH4)2SO4+Aq (Rose,
Pogg 110 296 )

(NH4)2S04, SrSO4 This double salt is
only stable m contact with nearly sat solu-
tions of (NH4)2S04 (Barre, C R 1909, 149
293)

Ammonium tellurium sulphate,

(NH4)HS04, 2TeO2, S08+2H2O
As K salt (Metzner, A ch 1898, (7)
15 203)

Ammonium thallic sulphate, NH4T1(S04)2
(Marshall, C C 1902, II 1089 )
+4H2O Decomp by H2O Easily sol

m dil acids (Fortmi, Gazz ch it 1905, 36

(2) 450 )

936

SULPHATE, AMMONIUM THORIUM

Ammonium thorium sulphate, 2(NH4)2S04,

Th(S04)2

Easily sol in H20 and sat (NH4)2S04-f-
Aq (Cleve )

+2H20 (Barre)

(NH4)2SO4, Th(S04)2+4H20 (Barre, A
ch 1911, (8) 24 240 )

3(NH4)2S04, Th(S04)2-f3H20 (B )

Ammonium titanium sulphate,
(NH4)2S04, TiO, S04+H20

Very sol in H20 with decomp

Insol in cone H2S04 (Rosenheim, Z
anorg 1901, 26 252 )

(NH4)A 2Ti02, 2S08+3H20 Slowly
decomp by H2O (Blondel, Bull Soc 1899,
(3) 21 262 )

Ammonium titanium

(NH4)2S04, 3Ti2(S04)8+18H20

Insol m H2O , sol in HC1
Insol inH2SO4 Decomp by boiling with
cone H2S04 (StaHer, B 1905, 38 2623 )

Ammonium uranous sulphate, 2(NH4)2S04,

U(S04)2

Easily sol in H20 (Rammelsberg )
Sol in H20 but solution rapidly decomp

(Kohlschutter, B 1901, 34 3630 )

Ammonium uranyl sulphate, (NH4)2S04,

(UO2)S044-2H20
Quite difficultly sol inH20 (Arfvedson)

Ammonium vauadous sulphate,
(NH4)2S04} VS04+6H20

Decomp m the air

Sol in H2O (Piccim, Z anorg 1899, 19
205)

Less sol in H20 than VS04+7H20 (Pic-
cmi and Manno, Z anorg 1902, 32 60 )

Ammonium vanadic sulphate,
(NH4)2S04, V2(S04)3-K2H20

Insol in H20

Insol in H2S04 Decomp by boilmg with
cone H2S04

Sol in HC1 (Stabler, B 1905, 38 3980 )

+24H2O Very sol in H20, decomp m
the air (Piccmi, Z anorg 1896, 11 108 )

100 pts H20 dissolve 39 76 pts salt at 10°

Sp gr of sat solution at 4°/20° = l 687
(PiccinL Z anorg 1897, 13 446 )

1 1 H2O dissolves 31 69 g anhydrous or
78 51 g hydrated salt at 25°, or 1 210 g mols
anhydrous salt are sol in 1 1 H20 at 25°

Mpt of crystals =45° (Locke, Am Ch
J 1901,26 175)

Ammonium vanadyl sulphate.

(NH4)2S04, VOS04-
Easily sol m H20 and in a mixture of a 1
cohol and cone H2S04, but cannot be recryst
therefrom (Koppel and Behrendt, Z anorg
1903,35 176)

(NH4)2S04. 2VOS04+H20 Deliquescent
Slowly but abundantly sol in H2O, but can-
not be recryst from it except by addition of
H2S04 (Koppel and Behrendt, Z anorg
1903, 35 172 )

Ammonium yttrium sulphate,

Y2(S04)3+9H2O
Sol in H2O (Cleve )

Ammonium zinc sulphate, (NBWaSO^ ZnSO<

+6H20

100 pts H2O dissolve pts
ZnS04 at

0° 10° 13° 15° 20°

73 8 8 10 0 12 5 12 6 pts salt,

30° 45° 60° 75° 85°
16 5 21 7 29 7 37 8 46 2 pts salt
(Tobler, A 96 193 )

I 1 H20 dissolves 140 8 g anhydrous
salt at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27
459)

-f 7H2O (Andr<§, C R 104 987 )

Ammonium zirconium sulphate

Sol in cold or hot H2O or in acids (Ber-
zelms )

Ammonium sulphate antimony fluoride,

(NH4)2S04, 2SbF3

Very sol in H20 (Mayer, B 1894, 27
R 922)

Ammonium sulphate chromic chloride,

2(NH4)2SO4, CrCl3+6H2O
Sol mH20 (Wemland,B 1907,40 3768)

Ammonium sulphate hydrogen peroxide,
(NH4)2S04, H202

Efflorescent in air

Easily sol in H2O ( Wills fcafcter, B 1903,
36 1829)

Antimony sulphate basic,, 7Sb^O3, 2SO3 +
3H20

Insol m. and not decomp by hot or cold
H20 (Adie, Chem Soc 57 540)

5Sb203, 2S03-h7H2O Insol m HO
(Hensgen, R t c 4 401 )

2Sb203, S03 + cH2O Not dceomp by
coldH20 (Adie)

Sb208, S03-(SbO)2SO4 Decomp by hot
H20 (Peligot, J B 1847 426 )

+H20 As above (Adie )

Sb203, 2S03, and -f-H2O, and H-JII2O
Scarcely decomp by cold, slowly by boiling
H20 Slowly sol rndil HCl+Aq (Adie)

Antimony sulphate, Sb2(SO4)3

Very deliquescent Combines with H2O to
a hard mass with evolution of heat, with more
H20 it becomes liquid, and by repeated treat-

SULPHATE, BARIUM

937

ment with much boiling H^O it is wholly
decomp into H2S04 and Sb203 (Hensgen,
R t c 4 401 )

Antimony sulphate, acid, Sb203, 4S08;

Decomp by HoO (Adie)

Sb2O3-F8, or 9SO3 Decomp by H20
(Adie )

Antimony barium sulphate,

Sb2(S04)3, BaS04+6H20
As Ca comp (Kuhl, Z anorg 1W, 64=
2o7 )

Antimony caesium sulphate, SbCs(S04)2

Slowly decomp by cold H20 (Gutman
Arch Pharm 1908, 246 188)

Antimony calcium sulphate,
Sb2(S04)3, CaS04+6H2O
Decomp by H20 (Kuhl, Z anorg 1907,
04 257 )

Antimony lithium sulphate, SbLi(S04)2

Decomp byH20 (Gutman, Arch Pharm
1908, 246 187 )

Antimony potassium sulphate, KSb(S04)2
Dctomp by H2O (Gutmann. Arch
Phaim 1S9S, 236 47S )

Antimony rubidium sulphate, febRb(S04)2
blo\\I> deconip b> cold H O (Gutman)

Antimony silver sulphate, iSbAg(SO4)
81o\\l> (l(conip b\ HO (Kuhl. 7, anon;

1907, 64 2r>S J
Slcwlv d(comp by «)!<! II O (Gutman

Aifh Phum 1()()S 246 IV))

Antimony sodium sulphate, N iSbfhOO

J tsil\ <i«omp I>\ If() (Gutmann,
Ai<h Pimm IS<)S 236 17S )

Antimony strontium sulphate, Sb(SO4),,
SiSO H>H O

As ( \ (omp (Kuhl /

1()()7, 64

Antimony thallium sulphate, Sh 1 KM),)

Slo\\h d«omp h\ (old HO I)<n>rnp
l>\ mm II SO, ((iiifnuM Anh Ph irm
DOS, 246 IV) )

Arsenic sulphate

S« Arsenic sulphur ///oxide

Barium sulphate, H iS< )4

S | in 1 ()()() (I II <> (Kuuaii) in „()() 000 ptM If<)
( MiirM" nit ( K 38 OS)

10(1 j is HO <!iss Kt 0 OOJ p< HjiSO* (UrcH
I Jut i

BaCIa+Aq containing 1 pt BaO to 71 000 pts HssO
when treated with H2SO4 becomes turbid in Yi hour
(Halting J pr 22 52 )

Ba(NOs)2-|-Aq containing 1 pt BaO to 25000 pts
HsO gives a distinct cloud with H2SO4 or NaJ3Q4+Aq
with 50000-100000 pts HaO a slight turbidity is
produced with 200 000-400 000 pts HaO the mixture
becomes turbid in a few minutes while with SOO 000
pts HaO no action is visible (Lassaigne J Chim M6d
8 526)

Sol in 800,000 pts H2O (Calvert), in
400,000 pts cold or hot H2O (Fresemus)

Calculated from the electrical conductivity
of the solution, BaS04 is sol m 429,700 pts
H2O at 184°, and 320,000 pts at 377°
(HoUeman, Z phys Ch 12 131 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 1 72 mg at 2°, 1 97 mg
at 10°, 2 29 mg at 19 0°, 2 60 mg at 26°,
2 91 mg at 34° rKohlrausch and Rose, Z
phys Ch 12 241)

Calculated from the electrical conductivity
of the solution, BaS04 is sol m 425,000 pts
H20 at 183° Results of Fresemus and
Hinfcz (Z anal 1896, 36 170) are incorrect
(Kuster, Z anorg 1896, 12 267 )

Sat aq solution contains 2 29 mg BaS04

Eer liter at 25° when particles of salt are not
iss than 1 8;u m diameter

Sat aq solution contains 4 15 mg BaSC>4
per liter at 25° when particles of salt are 0 1 A*
in diameter (/*= 00001 cm) (Hulett, Z
phys Ch 1901, 37 398-9 )

In general the influence of the size of the
grain on the solubility of the substance is
negligible when the solubility exceeds 2%
The increase of normal solubility by using
finely divided solids, amounts to 80% in the
case of BaSO4 (Hulett, Z phys Ch 1904,
47 366)

1 1 H2O dissolves 2 3 mg B iSO4 at 18°
(Kohlrausch Z phys Ch 1904, 60 356 )

Calculated from electrical eonductivitv of

00190 milh-cquivalints an sol in 1 lit<r
it 1S°, 00212 it 25°, 002SS at 50°,
0(HM ut 100°

(Mclohor, I Am Chorn hoc 1010, 32 r>5 )

Not attacked by cold JIC1 01 ]INO3+Aq
after several hours, ind only m trices after
several d iys On boiling, ti ires of B iSO4
dissolve, ind tlit liquid ifter cooling em be
piceipititcd by B iCL or JI SO^+Aq, but
not by Jr2O ilonc (Hose. Fogg 96
10S)

By wishing BxK> 1 , _ « i , h with IT O
« -t i ^ JlClor M\'> K II ') (Si(rfc)l,
1 c in b< piecipit it( (I by JF M)4 or

BiCl (Pirn, J B 1856 m)

1000 pts i% HCl+Aq dissolve 00(> pt
BuS()4 m the cold, and still rnou on
boiling

230 eem HCl-fAq of 1 02 sp gr dissolve
0048 g BaSOi from 0 (>79 g BuS()4 when
boiled 1A hour

10S ccm JfCl+Aq of 1 03 sp gr dissolve
00075 g BibG4 from 0577 g BiSO4 when
bojlcd 5 minutes (Si(ffl(,J i>r 69 142)

I

938

SULPHATE, BARIUM

Solubility of BaS04 in HCl+Aq

No cc
HCl+Aq
containing

1 i
equiv

2 0
1 0
0 5
0 2

Mg BaS04

per 1 mg

equiv of

HC1

0 133
0 089
0 056
0 017

per 100 cc solution

HC1

1 82

3 65

7 29

18 23

BaS04

0 0067
0 0089
0 0101
0 0086

(Banthisch, J pr 1884, 29 54 )

100,000 pts H20 dissolve 0 124 pt BaS04
1000 pts HNOa-f Aq of 1 167 sp gr dissolve
2 pts BaS04, 1000 pts HN08+Aq of 1 032
sp gr dissolve 0 062 pt BaS04 (Calvert,
Chem Gaz 1866 55)

When 0 4 g BaS04 is heated }i hour with
150 ccm ENOg+Aq of 1 02 sp gr , 0 165 g
is dissolved (Siegle, J pr 69 142 )

Solubility of BaSO* in HNO3+Aq

No cc

HNOs+Aq

containing

1 mg equiv

HNOs

2 0
1 0
0 5
0 2

Mg BaS04

per 1 mg

equiv of

BaS04

0 140
0 107
0 085
0 048

G per 100 cc solution

HNOa

3 15

6 31

12 61

31 52

BaS04

0 0070
0 0107
0 0170
0 0241

1884, 29 54 )

ac acia nas less solvent power than
~ ^ acids 80 ccm HC2H802+Aq of 1 02
sp gr boiled with 0 4 g BaS04 K hour dis-
solve 0 002 g (Siegle, J pr 69 142 )

Sol m boiling cone H2S04 (See
BaH2(S04)2)

Sol in fuming H2S04 (See BaS207 )

Sol in 2500 pts boiling 40% HBr-fAq, m
6000 pts boiling 40% HI+Aq (Haslam,
C N 63 87 )

Sol in considerable amount in metaphos-
phonc acid+Aq (Scheerer and Drechsel,
J pr (2) 7 68 )

Not attacked by boiling cone KOH+Aq if
C02 is not present (Rose, Pogg 96 104 )

Very si decomp by standing a long tune
with cold cone alkali carbonates +Aq

Decomp by boiling Na2COs or K2C08-f
Aq, not by (NH4)2C08+Aq (See Storer's
Diet for analytical data )

Very si sol in ITO4Cl-f-Aq, 1 pt dissolv-
ing in 230,000 pts sat NH4Cl+Aq

500 ccm sat NH4N08-fAq with 50 ccm
sat NH4Cl+Aq dissolve 2 g BaS04 100
ccm sat NH4N08+Aq with 100 ccm sat
NH4Cl+Aq dissolve only 008 g BaS04,
therefore above solubility is due to free
chlorine (Mittentzwey, J pr 75 214 )

BaS04 cannot be precipitated from solu-
tions containing free C12 (Erdmann, J pr
75 215)

Pptn is retarded si by tartanc and racemic
acids (Spiller )

Na metaphosphate prevents pptn of BaSO*
but not ortno- or pyrophosphate (Scheerer,
J pr 76 114 )

Not precipitated in presence of alkali ci-
trates (Spiller )

Much less sol in NH4Cl+Aq than in
NH^NOs+Aq Insol in warm cone Na^SaOj
+Aq (Diehl, J pr 79 431 )

Not appreciably sol in H20 containing
ammonium or sodium chloride (Brett, Witt-
stein, Wackenroder )

Not appreciably sol m H20 at 250°, or in
H2O containing Na2S (Senarmont )

Solubility is increased by alkali nitrates,
but not appreciably by NaCl, KC108, or
Ba(N08)2 (Fresenius, Z anal 9 52)
Scarcely sol m boiling cone (NH4)2SO*+Aq
(Fresenius )

Solubility in HaO increased by presence of
MgCl2 (Fresenius), cerium salts (Marignac)

Sol in Fe2Cl6-f Aq (Lunge, Z anal 19
141)

Solubility m various salts -KAq at 20-25°

g salt
perl

1

2 5

5

10

25

50

100

Mg BaSCh dissolved per 1 in

FcCla

58
72
115
123
150
160
170

A1C13

33

4*

(30

04
116

170
175

30

33

50
50
50

(Fraps, Am Ch I 1002 27 200)

Solubility in sat solution of vinous salts-f-
Aq

Suit

NiNOj

NiCl
NIU 1

NiSOi sol in I
of (hi sol\» nt

0 2010
0 007S 3
0 OOSJ7

(Ehlcrt, / 1 hktrodum 1012 18 72S )

Cone CrCls+Aq dissolves 40-120 times
as much BaS04 is HO, \vhcn bothd then
with for 5 days, cone CiCl,-f-\q uidificd
with HC1 450 times as much in 10 dajs
'Kuster, Z anoig 1005, 43 J4S )

Insol m liquid NHj (I'ranklm. \rn Cli
r 1898, 20 827 )

Sol m H2024-Aq fGiwalowski. C C'
1906, II 7 )

100 cc 95% formif i< id dissoh c 0 01 R
BaSO4atl85° (\whin C li Zta; 1013 37
1117)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
.909,42 3790), methyl acetate (Naumann,
3 1904, 37 3601 )

Mm Bante

SULPHATE, BISMUTH POTASSIUM

939

Barium hydrogen sulphate, BaH2(S04)2

100 pts H2SO4 dissolve 2 22 pts BaS04
(Lies-Bodart and Jacquemm. C R 46 1206).

5 69 pts BaSO4 (Struve, Z anal 931)

Boiling H2S04 dissolves 10-12% freshly
precipitated BaSO4 without separating crys-
tals on cooling H2S04 at 100° dissolves
more than boiling H2S04, and becomes cloudy
if heated to boiling (Schultz, Pogg 133
146 )

1 g BaSO4 pptd from BaCl2 is sol in 3153
g 91% H2S04, from Ba(N03)2 is sol in 1519
g 91% H2S04 (Varenne and Pauleau, C R
93 1016)

100 pts hot cone H2SO4 dissolve approx

6 pts BaS04 (Rohland, Z anorg 1910, 66
206)

10 ccm of sat BaSCX+absolute H2S04
contain approx 2851 g BaSO4 (Bergius,
Z phys Ch 1910, 72 355 )

Equilibrium m the system BaS04-fH2S04+
H20 at 25°

Composition of the solution

% H2SC)4

p< r 1

Solid phase

73 83

0 030

BaSO4

78 04

0 135

a

80 54

0 285

ti

83 10

0 SOO

a

85 78
SS OS

3 215
12 200

BaS04, 2H,S04
n

H2O

<n 17

49 005

BiSO^HsSC

>4

Volkhonski, C C 1910, I 1954, C A 1911
617)

Dfoomp by J{ (), ilcohol, or ether

H-2HO (Sdiult/)

HaSO4l 211 S04+n 0 (Volkhonski )

Jarium />/// ^sulphate, BaS/)7

100 pts fuming J I SO4 dissolve 15 SO pts
3aS<)4 f Struve,/ in il 9 *4 )

V<r\ ele hqu< s(( rit

Dceomp \\ith If () with hissing (Sehult/-
•clluk, B 4 111 )

$armm calcium sulphate, JJi iSO4, C iS()4
Mm l)r«h((

tarium platimc sulphate

Ins I in II () t I <
ten H s< ) i a

IK I < r MNOH \ j Sol
rui (I I)a\\ )

tarium tin ( stannic) sulphate, B iS( )4,

SiKSO,) -f m 0

I)<(omp h\ IK) Insol in HOI (W<m-
ind md Kuhl, / anorp; 1907, 64 249 )

anum titanium sulphate, 2BaSO4, 3T i(S04)2
Ppt Df<oinj) by H/), giving titanic icid
V\ cinlanci, Z anorg 1907, 54 255 )

Barium sulphate potassium chloride, 3BaSO4,

KC1
Ppt (Silberberger, M 1904, 25 233 )

Bismuth sulphate, basic, (BiO)2S04

Insol in H2O Sol m HN08 or H2S04 +
Aq

+2H2O (Heintz, Pogg 63 55 )

4Bi208, 3S08+15H20 Insol in H20
(Leist )

(BiO)HS04-r-H20 Insol in H20 Sol m
dil H2S04+Aq

+2H2O Decomp by H20 with separation
of (BiO)2S04+2H20 (Heintz )

3Bi208, 2S08+2H20 Insol in H2O
(Athanasesco, C R 103 271 )

5Bi208, 11SO3+17H2O This sulphate
crystallizes out from sulphuric acid of any
strength between H2S04, 6H20 and H2SO4,
12H20 (Adie, Proc Chem Soc 1899, 16
226)

Bi2O8, 2S08, 2J^H20 is in equilibrium at
50° with 5 4-51 4% H2S04+ Aq

Bi2O8, S03 is m equilibrium at 50° with
acid solutions weaker than 5 4% H2S04
(Allan, Am Ch J 1902, 27 287 )

Bismuth sulphate, Bij(SO4)8

Very hygroscopic Takes up H20 with
strong evolution of heat to form 2Bi2(S04)8 +
7H O, which becomes Bi2(S04)3+3H2O at
100° Decomp by boiling H20 into Bi2O8,
SO3+H2O (Ilensgon, J B 1886 552)

Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)

Bismuth sulphate, acid, Bi203, 4SO3

Bi/)3, 4SO-} is m equilibrium at 50° with
51 4-90% H SO44-Aq (Allan, Am Ch J
1002, 27 2S7 )

-j-lr/) Crystallines out fioin sulphuric
indattemp ibew 170° (Aclio. Pioc Chom
Soc 1SOO, 16 22(>)

SJI () (Vystilli/es from Rulphuric acid
of any strength between IIJ.S()4, JI () and
" S()4, 2H2() (Adie )

+ 7, or 01 [ 0 = BiII(S()4)2+m O Inse>l
in IF () I( isily sol in te ids, (Hpeeiilly HC1,
inel IIN(),+Aq (I eisi A 160 29 )

-J-71I..O Ci\stilh/es ewt iioin siili)huric
aeiel e>f my stiength between JF SO,, ill C)
md JI SO, r)JI ()

+ 101 12O ( iys( ilh/es e>ut fre>in sulphuiie
'Kiel it terni) below 170° (Adie )

Bismuth potassium sulphate, Bi (SO4)3,

Dcooinp by 11*0, insol in s it K SO4-fAq
(Ilcmtz)

Bikk(S04)2=Bi,(SO4)3, 1\,S()4 Insol m
cold H/), dccom]) by boilmp; (Rri^hun,
Am Ch J 14 170)

940

SULPHATE, BISMUTH SODIUM

Bismuth, sodium sulphate, Bi4Na6(S04)g
(Ludecke, A 140 277 )

Boron sulphate
See Borosulphunc acid

Bromomolybdenum sulphate
See under Bromomolybdenum compounds

Cadmium sulphate, basic, 2CdO, SOS, and
+H20

Difficultly sol in H20 (Stromeyer ) SI
sol in hot H20 (Habermann, M 5 432 )

4CdO, SO* (Pickering, Chem Soc 1907,
91 1987)

Sp gr of CdS04+Aq at 18°

£CdS04 1 5 10 15

Jp gr 1 0084 1 0486 1 1026 1 1607

£CdS04 20 25 30 35

ip gr 1 2245 1 295 1 3725 1 4575

!£ CdS04 36
Ip gr 14743

(Grotrian, W Ann 1883, 18 193 )

Sp gr of CdS04-f-Aq at room temp con-
taining

714 1466 22011%CdS04

Cadmium sulphate, CdS04
Sat CdS04+Aq contains at
0° 10° 24° 30° 65°
359 375 415 420 497%CdS04,

86° 94° 130° 165° 188° 200°
435 916 277 147 71 23%CdS04
CdS04 easily forms supersat solutions
(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 552 )

Solubility in H20

l uosi i loyi i zosi
(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 268 )

Sp gr ofCdS04+Aqat25°

Concentration of CdSOi

Sp gr

1-normal

?£ "

Vr- "

1 0973
1 0487
1 0244
1 0120

t°

Per cent Cd30*
in. sat solution

Solid phase

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 6 36 )
Sp gr of CdSO4+Aq

-18
-10
0
+10
15
20
30
40
60
62
72
73 5
74 5
75
77
78 5
85
90
95
100

43 35
43 27
43 01
43 18
43 20
43 37
43 75
43 99
44 99
45 06
46 2
46 6
46 7
46 5
42 2
41 5
39 6
38 7
38 1
37 8

Ice
CdS04, 8/aH20

CdS04, H2O

% CdS04

t°

bp gr at t0

bp KT ut IS

0 0289

0 0498
0 0999
0 495
0 981

17 29
23 65
18 00
18 00
18 00
18 00

0 9990S
0 9977b

0 99S93

0 99915
0 99961
1 0034
1 OOS1

(Wershofen, Z phys Ch 1S90, 6 191)

Sp gr at 16°/4° of CdSO,-fAq cont lining
294654% Cdb04 = l ^<>2S9, (outlining
21 3671% CdS04 = l 2421 1 (Schomook. Z
phys Ch 1893, 11 7S1 )
Sp gr of CdSO4+Aq it !S°/4°

%CdSO4 25121 IS 172
Sp gr 1 297 1 200

(Mylms and Funk, B 1897, 30 825 )
See also under CdS04+22/3H2O, and 7H2O

Sp gr at 0°/4° of CdS04+Aq containing
14 0 g CdS04 in 1000 g H20 = 1 0122

Sp gr at 12°/4° of CdS04-hAq containing
14 0 g CdS04 in 100 g H20 « 1 0121

Sp gr at 12°/4° of CdS04-fAq containing
57 2 g CdS04 in 1000 g H20 = 1 0514

Sp gr at 0°/4° of CdS04+Aq containing
183 1 g CdS04 in 1000 g H20 - 1 1552

Sp gr at 13°/4° of CdS04+Aq containing
183 1 g CdS04 in 1000 g H2O = 1 1529
(Fouque*, Ann Observ 1868, 9 172 )

._CdS04

Sp gr 1 101 1

(de Muynck, W Ann 1S94, 53

9952
1 101

CdS04+Aq containing 1 5 10% C«1SO4 has
sp gr 20720° = 1 142<)

CdS04+Aq conUung 10 79% CdSO4 has
sp gr 20720° = 1 1847

(Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phys Ch 1896,
19 282)

SULPHATE, CADMIUM CAESIUM

941

Sp gr of CdS04 at 18 2°, when p^per cent
strength of solution, d = observed den-
sity, w= volume cone in grams per

CO

lOO

p

d

w

39 86

1 5639

0 6231

31 53

1 4080

0 4439

26 85

1 3310

0 3574

24 17

1 2901

0 3118

18 35

1 2084

0 2217

13 27

1 1437

0 1518

9 97

1 1045

0 1102

7 46

1 0764

0 0803

6 12

0 0619

0 0650

2 52

0 0242

0 0259

1 45

0 0132

0 0147

0 464

0 0033

0 0046

(Barnes, J phys Ch 1898, 2 543 )

Sp gr of CdS04+Aq sat at 25° and 1 atm
«= 1 617 (Sinmge, Z phys Ch 1909, 67
518 )

See also under CdS04 +22/3H2O, and

Insol m liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch

1898,20 827)

Insol in acotone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
129), methyl acetate (Naumann, B 1909,
£ 3700), ethyl acetate (Naumann. B
010,43 314)

-f-II^O Sft Mylius and Funk, under
\LS04

+ l»MrO (Worobicff, Bull Soc 1896,
*) 16 1754 )

-f-2/,11 O 1 ])t 112O dissolves 059 pt
nh\di<ms s ilt it 2i°, ind not imuhmorcnn
e itiiiK Sit solution boils it 102° Pre-
ipitiikd h\ il( ohol (v lluior )

100 k II <> <lissolv( £ ( (IS<>4 it t

f/ll W

Solubility ill H ()

t
0

7

1 1 >
1 '
1 >

17

IS

J )

( ( (ISO,

5 l>5
5 7i
> S )

7(> 01
7l> 1 1

71 > 1 >
7(> I 1
7(> IS
7(> 70

t

17
lit
1J
10

7
5

( <lSOi

11 15
11 5
15 i

!(> 1
17 5
IS 5
IS 7

(IVhlms mtl I unk It 1S<)7 30 SJs )
Cadmium caesium sulphate, CdSO4, C1s^S()4

Sol in HjO ( I utton, Ch(in hoc 63 $3/
1 1 IT O dissolves 1 390 % uiliydro
salt at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1002,27 45<

volmsf mini in<l (ohcn, W \nn 1SOS 65

100 pts H20 dissolves at
137° 1498° 150° 160°
76 06 76 09 76 14 76 18 pts anhydrous salt,

1696° 180° 190° 250°
76 26 76 32 76 39 76 81 pts anhydrous salt
(Steonwehr, W Ann 1902, (4) 9 1050 )

100 g H2O dissolve 76 02 g CdS04 at 25°
(Stortenbecker, Z* phys Ch 1900, 34 109 )

Solubility of CdSO4+22/«H20 at 25° and
varying pressures

Pressure in atmospheres G CdSO4 in 100 g HaO

1

500

500

1000

1000

76 80

77 85

78 OS
78 77
78 68

Det by another method

Pressure in atmospheres

G CdSO4inlOOg H2O

250
500
750
1000

77 53
78 02
78 60
78 96

(Cohen and Smmge Trans Farad feoc 1910,
5 269)

Sp gr at 21 6°/0° of CdS04-f Aq contain-
ing 1147% CdS04-f8/iH2O = 10944 (Ka-
nonnikoff, J pr 1885, (2) 31 346 )

100 g H2O dissolve 5761 g CdS04+
1063 « FcSO4 it 25° (Stoi tenbeckcr, Z
phvs Ch 1000, 34 100 )

+4H20 (Lescocur, A ch 1895, (7) 4
222)

Sp gr it 15° of Cd&Od-f-Aq cont lining
10 K CdSO4+4H<) in 100 c < of solution-
10700, (outlining 20 g OdSO4-f-4JI2O m
KM) cc of solution = 1 1522 (Jnubc, J pr
1SS5, (2) 31 207)

Could not be ol)inmd (Mvlius and
iMink)

940

SULPHATE, BISMUTH SODIUM

Bismuth sodium sulphate, Bi4Na6(S04)9
(Ludecke, A 140 277 )

Boron sulphate
See Borosulphunc acid

Bromomolybdentun sulphate
See under Bromomolybdenum compounds

Cadmium sulphate, basic, 2CdO, S03, and
+H2O

Difficultly sol in H2O (Stromeyer ) SI
sol in hot H20 (Habermann, M 5 432 )

4CdO, SO8 (Pickenng, Chem Soc 1907,
91 1987)

Sp gr of CdS04+Aq at 18°

%CdS04 1 5 10

Sp gr

15

10084 10486 11026 11607

CdS04 20 25 30 35

Ip gr 12245 1295 13725 14575

% CdS04 36
3p gr 14743

(Grotnan, W Ann 1883, 18 193 )

Sp gr of CdSO4+Aq at room temp con-
taining

714 1466 22011%CdS04

Cadmium sulphate, CdS04
Sat CdSO4+Aq contains at
0° 10° 24° 30° 65°
359 375 415 420 49 7% CdSO4,

86° 94° 130° 165° 188° 200°
435 916 277 147 71 2 3% CdSO4
CdS04 easily forms supersat solutions
(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 552 )

Solubility m H20

1 UD51 JL JLOyJL 1 ZOBJL

(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 268 )
Sp gr of CdS04+Aq at 25°

Concentration of CdSOi
+Aq

Sp

Sr

1-nonnal
iVr" "

?£ "

1 0973
1 0487
1 0244
1 0120

t°

Per cent Cd3O4
m sat solution

Solid phase

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 36 )
Sp gr ofCd&04+Aq

-18
-10
0
+10
15
20
30
40
60
62
72
73 5
74 5
75
77
78 5
85
90
95
100

43 35
43 27

43 01
43 18
43 20
43 37
43 75
43 99
44 99
45 06
46 2
46 6
46 7
46 5
42 2
41 5
39 6
38 7
38 1
37 8

Ice
CdSO4j VaHsO

CdS04, H2O

% CdS04

t°

fep gr at t°

fep gr at 18°

0 0289

0 0498
0 0999
0 495
0 981

17 29
23 65
18 00
18 00
18 00
18 00

0 99908
0 9977b

0 99S93

0 99915
0 99961
1 0034
1 OOS4

(Wershofen, Z phys Ch 1S90, 5 494)

Sp gr at 16°/4° of CdSO4+Aq containing
294654% CdSO4=l *<>2H9, < ontammg
213671% CdS04 = l 24211 (Sdionrock, Z
phys Ch 1893, 11 781 )
Sp gr of CdS04+Aq it !S°/4°

(Mylms and Punk, B 1897, 30 825)
8u nho under CdSO4+2 /3H2O, and 7H2O

Sp gr at 0°/4° of CdS04+Aq containing
14 0 g CdSO4 m 1000 R H20 = 1 0122

Sp gr at 12°/4° of CdSOi+Aq containing
14 0 g CdSO4 m 100 g H20 = 1 0121

Sp gi at 12°/4° of CdS04+Aq containing
57 2 g CdSO4 m 1000 g H2O = 1 0514

Sp gr at 0740 of CdS04+Aq containing
183 1 g CdSO4 m 1000 g H20 = l 1552

Sp gr at li°/4° of CdSO4+Aq csontaimng
183 1 g CdSO4 in 1000 g H20 = l 1529
(Fouqu<5, Ann Observ 1868, 9 172 )

CdSO4 25 121
ip gr 1297

IS 172
1 200

9 952
1 101

CdS04
Ip gr

(de Muynck, W Ann 1894, 53 501 )

CdS04+Aq containing H 40% CdS04 has
sp gr 20720° = 1 1429

CdS04+Aq contanng Ib79% CdS04 has
sp gr 200/200 = 11847

(Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phys Ch 1896,
19 282)

SULPHATE, CADMIUM CAESIUM

941

Sp

I

51*

+*
J

43$
42
191

Cd
(3)

£trju
rie£
cip

gr of CdS04 at 18 2°, when p= per cent
strength of solution, d= observed den-
sity, w= volume cone in grams per

cc(jg=w)

100 pts H20 dissolves at
137° 1498° 150° 160°
76 06 76 09 76 14 76 18 pts anhydrous salt,

16 96° 18 0° 19 0° 25 0°
76 26 76 32 76 39 76 81 pts anhydrous salt
(Stemwehr, W Ann 1902, (4) 9 1050 )

100 g H20 dissolve 76 02 g CdS04 at 25°
(Stortenbecker, Z* phys Ch 1900,34 109)

Solubility of CdS04+22/3H2O at 25° and
varying pressures

p

d

w

39 86
31 53
26 85
24 17
18 35
13 27
9 97
7 46
6 12
2 52
1 45
0 464

1 5639
1 4080
1 3310
1 2901

1 1437
1 1045
1 0764
0 0619
0 0242
0 0132
0 0033

0 6231
0 4439
0 3574
0 3118
0 2217
0 1518
0 1102
0 0803
0 0650
0 0259
0 0147
0 0046

Pressure in atmospheres

G CdSO* in 100 g HaO

1
500
500
1000
1000

76 80

77 85
78 08
78 77
78 68

(Barnes, J phys Ch 1898, 2 543 )

> gr of CdS04+Aq sat at 25° and 1 atm
317 (Sinnige, Z phys Ch 1909, 67

-.7^^ •.-.*. J^-> r\3Cf\ r no / TT f\ i

Det by another method

Pressure in atmospheres

G CdS04 inlOO g H20

250
500
750
1000

77 53
78 02
78 60
78 96

I2O

sol in liquid NHS (Franklin. Am Ch

>98, 20 827 )

sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37

), methyl acetate (Naumann, B 1909,

3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann, B

, 43 314 )

H2O See Mylius and Funk, under

34

IVs H20 (Worobieff, Bull Soc 1896,

6 1754)

22/sH20 1 pt H2O dissolves 059 pt

drous salt at 23°, and not much more on

ing Sat solution boils at 102° Pre-

ated by alcohol (v Hauer )

100 g H2() dissolve g CdSO4 it t°

tQ

( CdSO,

0

75

52

5

75

(>5

7

65

73

()

75

S5

11 5

75

94

H

76

04

lr>

7(>

11

1()

7<>

16

17

76

M

IS

7(>

14

19

76

18

25

7()

79

instamm and Cohen, W Ann 1898, 65
352)

(Cohen and Sinnige Trans Farad Soc 1910.
5 269)

Sp gr at 21 6°/0° of CdS04+Aq contain-
ing 1147% CdS04+8/3H20 = 10944 (Ka-
nonnikoff, J pr 1885, (2) 31 346 )

100 g H20 dissolve 5761 g CdS04-f
1063 g FeS04 at 25° (Stortenbecker, Z
phvs Ch 1900, 34 109 )

+4H20 (Lescoeur, A ch 1895, (7) 4
222)

Sp gr at 15° of CdS044-^q containing
10 g CdS04+4H20 in 100 c c of solution =
1 0790, containing 20 g CdS04-f 4H2O m
100 cc of solution = 1 1522 (Tiaube, J pr
1885, (2) 31 207 )

Could not be obtained (Mvlms and
Funk)

+7H20

Solubility in H>()

t°

% Cdb04

-17

44 15

~lf>

44 5

-12

45 $

-10

*(> 1

7

17 5

— 5

4S 5

- 4 5

4S 7

(Mvlms ind *imk, B 1S97, 30 S2b )

Cadmium caesium sulphate, CdS04, Cs2S04+

6H20

Sol in H20 (Tutton, Chem Soc 63 337 )
1 1 H20 dissolves 1399 g anhydrous

salt at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902,27 459)

942

SULPHATE, CADMIUM CALCIUM POTASSIUM

Cadmium calcium potassium sulphate,

Ca2CdK2(S04)4+2H20
(D'Ans, B 1908,41 1778)

Cadmium cerium sulphate, CdS04, 002(804)3
-}-6H20
Sol in H2O (Wyrouboff )

^*o /^«rmiT*i t^Tr/^fOTfri A cllltiriJltfi.

Solubility of CdNa2(S04)2, 2H2O+CdS04,
8/3 H20 in 100 g H20 at t°

t°

0
5
10

/ •*

II

Crams
NasSCU

t°

15
20
25

is

fH"C

00

ilo

t°

tr\

40

if

OO

SC
fa

of

73 54
73 38

72 76

S So
8 67
D 55

73 76
3 81

/S 71

9 4^5

9 45o
10 48

•) o

75 385

0
13 75

CdH2(S04)2, 2N2H4
1 pt is sol in 202 5 pts H20 at 12°
Not attacked by dil acids Easily sol in

NH4OH+Aq (Curtms, 3 pr 1894, (2) 50

331)

Cadmium magnesium sulphate, CdS04,

MgSO4+14H20

Very efflorescent Sol m H20 (Schiff, A
104 325)

Cadmium potassium sulphate, K2S04, CdS04

Sol m HoO (v Hauer, Pogg 133 176 )

100 pts H20 dissolve 42 50 pts anhydrous
salt at 26°,

100 pts H20 dissolves 42 80 pts anhydrous
salt at 31°,

100 pts H20 dissolve 43 45 pts anyhydrous
salt at 40°,

100 pts H20 dissolve 44 90 pts anyhydrous
(Wyrouboff, Bull Soc Mm

00 pts H20 dissolve 42 89 pts
jus salt at 16°, 4682 pts at 31°,
47 4*0 pts at 40° (Wyrouboff)

+4H2O Efflorescent (Wyrouboff, Bull
Soc Mm 1891, 14 235 )

+6H20 Very efflorescent, and easily
decomp (Schiff )

Does not exist (Wyrouboff )

Cadmium rubidium sulphate, CdS04,

Rb2S04+6H20

Efflorescent Sol in H20 (Tutton)
1 1 H20 dissolves 767 g anhydrous salt

at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27 459 )

Cadmium sodium sulphate, CdS04, Na2S04+

2H20
Sol inH20 (v Hauer)

Solubility of CdNa2(SO4)2+2HO m 100 g
H2O at t°

t

Grams CdSO4

Giams NajSfh

24
25
30
35
40

35 49
35 88
36 28
36 69
37 24

24 04
24 46
24 605
24 99
25 455

(Koppel, Z phys Ch 1905, 52 413 )
Decomp by H2O below 20 5°

(Koppel )

Solubility of CdNa2(S04)2, 2H2O -f Na2S04,
10H2O in 100 g H20 at t°

t°

Grams CdS04

Grams NasSO*

-14 8

72 68

8 32

0

66 325

11 625

5

61 78

12 97

10

55 34

14 785

12

51 615

15 95

15

46 60

17 99

19 8

36 13

22 16

20

36 25

23 52

24

27 82

29 17

25

25 59

31 08

30

14 62

44 145

(Koppel )

Solubility of CdNa2(S04)2, 2H2O-fNa2S04
(anhydrous) in 100 g H2O at t°

t°

Grams CdSO*

Grams NaaSO4

35
40

13 26
16 25

47 Ob
46 27

(Koppel )

Cadmium sulphate ammonia, CdS04, 6NHj
Sol m H20 with separation of CdO (Rose,

Pogg 20 152)

CdSO4, 4NH3+4H20 Decomp by H20

(Malaguti and Sarzeau, A ch (3)9 431)
+2H20 Ppt (Andre, C tt 104 <)S7 )
-f2^H2O Sol in H20 with sep nation of

basic sulphate (Mtiller, A 149 70 )

CdS04, 3NH3 (Isambcit, C H 1S70, 70

457)

Cadmium sulphate cupnc oxide, CdSOj.

(Recoura, C R 1901, 1321415)

2CdS04, 3CuO+8HO (Mullu, A <h
1902, (7) 27 383 )

H-12H2O (Mailhe )

6CdS04, 20CuO+o-II20 aiocoura, C U
1901, 132 1415 )

Cadmium sulphate hydrazine, C<LSO4,

2N2H4

Easily sol in NH4OH+Aq but cannot be
cryst therefrom (Franzen, Z anorg 1908,
60 282)

SULPHATE, C2BSIUM IRON

943

Cadmium sulphate hydrogen chloride,
3CdS04, 4HC1+4H20
Very dehquescent (Baskerville and Harns,
J Am Chem Soc 1901, 23 896 )
3CdS04, 8HC1 Very deliquescent (Bas-
kerville and Harris )

Caesium sulphate, Cs2S04

^T/vf S^All/NllAe/kOmi"

Solubility in H20

Temp

G per litre

G mols
anhydrous
salt per 1

25°
30°
35°
40°

5 7
9 6
12 06
15 3

0 015
0 025
0 032
0 0405

100 pts H20 dissolve 158 7 pts Cs2S04 at
—2°

100 cc H20 at 17-18° dissolve 1635 g
Cs2S04 (Tutton, Chem Soc 1894, 66
632 )

Solubility m HoO

t°

0
10
20
30
40
50

G CsSO4
per 100 g

JQ **

jT>

t°

G Cs2S04
per 100 g

jg •«

§is

^o ft

Solu
tion

62 6
63 4
64 1
64 8
65 5
66 1

H20

Solu
tion

H20

167 1
173 1
178 7
184 1
189 9
194 9

3 42
3 49
3 56
3 62
3 68
3 73

60
70
80
90
100
108 6

66 7
67 2
67 8
68 3
68 8
69 2

199 9
205 0
210 3

214 9
220 3
224 5

3 78
3 83
3 88
3 92
3 97
4 00

(Berkele), Trans Boy Soc 1904, 203 A
210)

Solubility in Na2S04-f Aq

Sat solution contains 547% Cs2SC>4+
1145% Na2SO4 at 25° (Foote, J Am
Chem Soc 1911, 33 467 )

Insol in alcohol (Bunsen )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329), (Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014)

Solubility m glycol at ord temp =30-
32% (de Conmck, Belg Acad Bull
1905 359)

Caesium hydrogen sulphate, CsHSO4
Sol mH,0

Caesium p/yrosulphate, Cs2S2O7
Decomp by H/)

Caesium o losulphate, Cs^SgOus

Decomp by H2O (Weber, B 17 2497 )

Caesium calcium sulphate, Ca2Cs2(SO4)3
Very stable, (D'Ans, B 1908, 41 1776 )

Caesium chromium sulphate, Cs2Cr2(S04)4

+24H20
Melts in crystal H20 at 116° (Locke )

(Locke, Am Ch J 1901, 26 180 )

Caesium cobaltous sulphate, Cs2S04, CoS04-f
6H20

Sol in H2O (Tutton, Chem Soc 63
337)

1 1 H2O dissolves 4188 g anhydrous
salt at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27
459)

Caesium cobaltic sulphate, Cs2Co2(SO4)4-f

24H20

Melts in crystal H20 at 116° (Locke,
Am Ch J 1901, 26 183 )

Caesium copper sulphate, Cs«>S04, CuS04+
6H20

Sol m H2O (Tutton )

1 1 H20 dissolves 460 g anhydrous salt
at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27 459 )

Caesium gaHium sulphate, Cs2Ga2(S04)4+

24H20

(Soret, Arch sc phys nat 1888, (3) 20
531)

Caesium indium sulphate, Cs2In2(S04)4-f-
24H2O

757 g anhydrous (11739 hydrated) salt
or 0 172 g mols of anhydrous salt are sol
in 1 1 H2O at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1901,
26 175)

100 pts H20 dissolve 3 04 pts at 16 5°
(Chabnc and Rengade, C R 1900, 131 1301 )

Caesium indium sulphate,
Ir2(SO4)3-f 24H O

Mpt 109-110°

Very si sol m cold Moic easily sol in
hot H2O (Marino, Z anorg 1904, 42 218 )

Caesium iron (ferrous) sulphate, Cs^SCX,
FeS04+GH20

Sol m H2O (Tutton )

1 1 H2O dissolves 1011 g anhydious salt
at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27 459 )

Caesium iron (ferric) sulphate, Cs2Fe2fSO4)4
+24H20

Melts in crystal H2O at 71° (Locke )

944

SULPHATE, CESIUM LANTHANUM

Solubility in H2O

C«sium thalhc sulphate, CsTl(S04)4-f-
1MH20
Hygroscopic (Locke. Am Ch J 190?,
27 283 )
+3H20 Very si sol in cold, easily sol
in hot H20 Can be recryst from H2SO4+
Aq The recryst salt is at once decomp by
H20 or 95% alcohol (Locke )

t°

G per litre

G mols
anhydrous salt
per litre

25
30
35
40

17 1
25 2
37 5
60 4

0 045
0 066
0 099
0 156

(Locke, Am Ch J 1901, 26 180 )

Caesium lanthanum sulphate, Cs2SO4,
La2(S04)3+2H2O

(Baskennlle, J Am Chem Soc 1904,
26 67)

2Cs2SO4, 3La2(S04)3 (Baskennlle )

Caesium magnesium sulphate. Cs2S04,
MgS04+6H2O

Sol m H O (Tutton )

1 1 H20 dissolves 533 g anhydrous salt
at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27 459 )

Caesium manganous sulphate, Cs2S04,
MnS04+8H20

Sol in H2O {Tutton )

Sol in H2O and acids with decomp (Pic-
cim, Z anorg 1899,20 14)

1 1 H20 dissolves 804 g anhydrous salt
at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27 45

Caesium manganic sulphate, Cs2S04,

Mn2(S04)3+24E2O
Decomp by H2O and dil acids with sep-
aration of Mn02 Sol in 1 3 H2SO4+Aq and
m cone HNO3 Insol in acetic acid Sol
in oxalic acid-f-Aq (Chnstensen, Z anorg
1901, 27 332 )

Caesium neodynuum sulphate, Cs2S04.

Nd2(S04)8+3H20

(Baskerville, J Am Chem Soc 1904, 26
74)

Caesium nickel sulphate, Cs2SO4, NiSO4+

6H20

Sol inH20 (Tutton)
1 1 H2O dissolves 255 8 g anhydrous salt
at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27 459 )

Caesium praseodymium sulphate, Cs2S04,
Pr2(S04)3-f2H20

(Baskennlle, J Am Chem Soc 1904, 26
73)

-f4H2O (Baskerville )

Caesium rhodium sulphate, Cs2SO4,Rh2(SO4)3

+24H20

SI sol in cold, sol in warm H20, mpt
110-111 ° (Piccmi, Z anorg 1901, 27 64 )

Caesium thorium sulphate, Cs2SO4,Th(SO4)2+
2H20

SI sol in H2O
1903, 32 (2) 52^ )

(Manuelli, Gazz ch it

Caesium titanium sulphate, Cs2SO4,Ti2(SO4)s
+24H20

Deliquesces in the air and is decomp

SI sol in cold H20, decomp by hot H2O
(Piccim, Gazz ch it 1895, 25 542 )

SI sol in cold H20, more sol in hot H20
acidified with H2S04

Decomp in neutral aq solution (Piccim,
Z anorg 1898, 17 356 )

Caesium uranyl sulphate, Cs2(UO2)(SO4)2+

2H2O
As Na salt (de Conmck, C C 1905,

1 1306)

Caesium vanadium sulphate, CsjVj(S04)4-h
24H2O

7 71 g anhydrous (13 1 g hydrated) salt,
or 0 0204 gr mols of the anhydrous salt are
sol in 1 1 H20 at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J
1901, 26 175 )

SI sol in cold, easily sol in hot H2O (Pic-
cuu, Z anorg 1896,11 114)

100 pts H2O dissolve 0 464 pts of the salt
at 10° and sp gr of the solution at 4°/20° =

2 033 More sol m hot H2O than in cold
(Piccim, Z anorg 1897, 13 446 )

Caesium zinc sulphate, CsjS04j ZnbO4 +
6H20

Sol m H20 (Bunsen and Kopp. Fogg
113 337)

1 1 H2O dissolves 3863 g anhydrous
salt at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27
459 )

Caesium zirconium sulphate. Zr O3,

+11H80
Ppt (Rosenheim, B 1905, 38 S15 )

Calcium sulphate, CaSO4, and +2H2O

The older determinations of the solubility
>f CaSO4 m H20 have little, but historic il,
ralue, as the solutions were usiully cither
ion-saturated or supersaturated 1 hey rn iv

tabulated as follows

SULPHATE, CALCIUM

945

o~Q&ts HaP required for dissolving 1 pt
CaS04, and B for 1 pt CaS04+2H20 at t°

t°

A

B

Authority

Hot or cold
Cold
Boiling

500
500
450

Fourcroy
Bergmann

1C

All temp

322

Lassaigne

(

r

438

Anthon

Hot or cold
Cold
Hot

250-300
578 5
480
491

461 5
380
388

Dumas
BuchoLz
Giese

15-20°
12 5°

492
503

388
397

Tipp
Lecoq

100 pts H20 at t° dissolve pts CaS04

t°

Pts
CaSCU

t°

Pts
CaSO*

t°

Pts
CaSOi

0

0 205

35

0 254

70

0 244

5

0 219

40

0 252

80

0 239

12

0 233

50

0 251

90

0 231

20

0 241

60

0 248

100

0 217

30

0 249

(Poggiale, A ch (3) 8 469 )

Poggiale worked with supersat solutions
(Droeze, B 10 330 )

H O dissolves CaS04 most abundantly at
35° (Poggiale), at 32-41° (Marignac)

1 pt CaSO4+ 2H20 dissolves at
0° 18° 24° 32° 38°

m415 386 378 371

41°
m370

53°
375

72°
391

or (by calculation)
dissolves it

368 pts H20,

99°

451 pts H20,

pt anhydrous CaS04

86°
417

0°
m525

41°
m46S

18°

488

53°

474

24°
479

72°
495

32°

470

38°

466 pts H20,

528 571 pts H20

1 he ihovo nons it solutions are obtained by
usin^ \ lirKt cxccbb of Cab04+2H20 The
imdissolvod pirt retains its water of crystal-
hsihon (1iS()4, dohydrited at 130-140°,
founs \ sup< rs limited solution with H O in
10 mmulc s, < out lining 1 pt CaSO 4 to 110 pts
IEO, which soon deposits crystals Ihe un-
(lissolv«l pirt tilus uj) its water of crystal-
lisation Ignited (1iSO4 dibsolvcs very slowly
in I I2O, so th it in 24 hourb the solution con-
tunsl/f3 to1/ IK inhydrous CaS04 By longer
(out w t solution (ontmucs with formation of
supc rs itur it( d solutions, which contain after
10 W (1 lys '/»7 to l/« 3 Cab()4, but these be-
«>nu norruil isthcinhy ^ tr*
tikes up its water of crystallisation me
minor il anhydrite behaves similarly water
t iking up Vfiss CaS04 in 1 day, Vssi in. 40 days,
and l/457 in 8 months

Supersaturated solutions are also obtained

by evaporation of a saturated solution By
evaporation with heat, solutions are obtained
containing Vaoe CaSO4, and in the cold with
Vif a CaSO 4, in the solution over the separated
CaS04+2H20 Neutralising dil H2S04+Aq
with CaCOs gives a solution containing Vm
CaSO4, which crystallises out partly in 24
hours, leaving Vsis CaS04 dissolved

Supersaturated solutions containing Vno to
VIM CaSO4 deposit crystals rapidly, those
under Vsso do not crystallise spontaneously
A solution containing V283 shows crystals in 14
days, and contains Vsia in 1 month, L/4i4 in 2
months, x/446 in 3 months, in spite of repeated
shaking

Boiling diminishes the supersaturation
without however removing it entirely (Mar-
ignac, A ch (5) 1 274 )

1 pt CaS04+2H2O is sol m 443 pts H2O
at 13 7°, in 447 pts H20 at 14 2°, in 421 pts
H20 at 20 2°, in 419 pts H20 at 21 2°, ind in
445 pts H2C03+Aq sat at 18 7° (Church,
J B 1867 192)

Church's solutions were not sat (Droeze,
B 10 330)

1000 pts H20 dissolve 2 19 pts CaSO4+
2H20 at 16 5°, 2 352 pts CaS04+2H2O at
22° (Cossa, Gazz ch it 1873 135 )

Cossa's solutions were not saturated
(Droeze )

CaSO4+2 H20 is sol m 415 pts H20 at 0°,
in 412 pts H20 at 5°, m 407 pts H20 at 10°,
in 398 pts H20 at 15°, in 371 pts H20 at 20°,
in 365 pts H20 at 25°, in 361 pts H20 at 30°,
in 359 pts H20at35° (Droeze, B 10 330)

Sol in 500 pts H20 at 12 5° (From Marig-
nac's and his own results, de Boisbaudran, A
ch (5) 3 477 )

CaSO4 is sol in 5645 pts H2O at 08°,
50627 pts at 14°, 472-3 pts at 325-388°,
49873 pts at 64°, 53392 pts at 796°
(Raupenstrauch, M 6 563 )

According to Goldammer (C C 1888 708)
H20 is fully saturated with CaSO4 by shaking
the finely-powdered substance 5 minutes
therewith

The following results were obtained Fig-
ures denote pts H20 in ^ hich 1 pt CaSO4 was
dissolved at t° (a) from pptd CaS04 "ipse
fact ," (b) from pptd CaSO4 "gehe," (c) from
"glacies manae pulv ," (d) from "glacies
Manae pulv ," containing less than 2H2O

t

a

b

c

t

d

0

561 5

558

557 5

0

476 5

7 5

526

526

520

15

497 5

497 5

493

20

436

22 5

481

481 5

479

30

475

475

470

37 5

463

469

465 5

40

450

45

473 5

474 5

470 5

60

484

486 5

482

60

476

75

507 5

508

503

80

502 5

90

533 5

530

534

100

556

557

534 5

100

547

946

SULPHATE, CALCIUM

Burnt gypsum easily forms supersat solu-
tions containing nearly 1% CaSO It forms
supersat solutions more readily at 0°, and
that tendency decreases with increase of
temp , hence figures in (d) which contained
burnt gypsum (Goldammer, C C 1888
708)

Calculated from electrical conductivity of
CaS04+Aq, 1 1 H20 dissolves 2 07 g CaS04
at 18° (Kohlrausch and Rose. Z phys Ch
12 241 )

The anhydrous salt vanes in solubility
Solubility depends (1) upon temp and time
of drying, (2) upon the relative amount of
salt, (3) upon time of shaking Possibly a
and /§ modifications (Potilizin, C C 1894,
II 515)

2 04 gr are dissolved in 1 liter of sat solu-
tion at 20° (Bdttger, Z phys Ch 1903,
46 603)

At 15° and after 5 minutes shaking, the
highest degree of supersaturation which can
be obtained with pure sol calcium sulphate =
9 47 g of the anhydrous salt or 11 976 g
CaS04+2H2O in 1 1 of H20 (Cavazzi,
C C 1905,1 1694)

Solubility of CaS04 in 100 pts H2O at high
temp

Pts

u o78
0 056

175-185
240

Pts
CaSO*

0 027
0 018

250

Pts
CaSO4

0 016

v ^den and Shenstone, Phil Trans 1884 31)

Pptn of CaSO4 which has been started by
heating solution to 140-150° continues even
after solution has cooled (Storer )

CaS04 is completely msol in sea water or
pure H20 at temperatures between 140° and
150° (Couste)

Solubility of CaS04 in sea water at tempera-
tures over 100° t° = temp , P = pressure
in atmospheres, %— per cent CaS04 in
sat solution

t°

p

%

t

p

%

103
103 8
105 15
108 6
111
113 2
115 8

1
1
1
1 25
1 25
1 25
1 50

0 500
0 477
0 432
0 395
0 355
0 310
0 267

118 5
121 2
124
127 9
130°
133 3

1 50
1 5
2
2
2 5
2 5

0 226
0 183
0 140
0 097
0 060
0 023

(Couste", Ann Mm (5) 5 80 )
Solubility of CaSO4 in H20 at various pres-

sures

100 g sat CaS04+Aq at 1 atmos pressure
and 15° contain 0 206 g CaSO4, at 20 atmos
pressure and 15° contain 0 227 g CaSO4, at
1 atmos pressure and 16 2° contain 0 213 g
CaSO4 (Moller, Pogg 117 386 )

Soluble anhydrite

1 1 H20 dissolves 22 8 milli equivalents at
100°

1 1 H20 dissolves 64 milhequivalents at
156°

Anhydrite

1 1 JEE20 dissolves 92 milhequivalents at
100°

1 1 H20 dissolves 2 7 mil IT equivalents at
156°

1 1 H20 dissolves 07 milhequivalents at
218°

(Melcher, J Am Chem Soc 1910, 32 63 )

See also under gypsum, p 953

Maximum solubility is at 37 5° (Cameron,
J phys Chem 190L 5 572)

Sp gr of sat Ca8O4-f Aq at 15° = 1 0022
(Stolba, J pr 97 503 )

Sp gr of sat CaS04+Aq at 31° = 10031

1 pt CaS04 is sol in 218 pts H20 contain-
ing C02 (Beyer, Arch Pharm (2)160 193)

SI sol in cold HCl+Aq, completely sol in
boiling dil HCl or HNOa+Aq (Rose, Pogg
95 108)

Solubility of CaS04 in HCl+Aq

100 com

100 ccm

t,°

% HC1

dissolve g

t°

% HCl

dissolve g

of CaSO 4

of CaSO*

25

0 77

0 6405

25

6 12

1 6539

25

1 56

0 8821

101

0 77

1 1209

25

3 06

1 2639

102

3 06

3 1780

25

4 70

1 5342

103

6 12

4 6902

(Lunge, J boc Chem Ind 4 31 )
Solubility in HN08+Aq at 25°

g HNOa

p r 100 cc

g CaSO4per
100 cc solution

g HN03
per 100 cc

g CaS04 per
100 cc solution

0

0 208

6

1 48

1

0 56

8

1 70

2

0 82

10

1 84

3

1 02

12

1 98

4

1 20

(Bantmsch, J pr 1884, 29 52 )

For solubility in H2S04 see CaH2(S04)2

Solubility in H3PO4+Aq at 25°

G P206perl

G CaSO4 per 1

Sp gr 2L,°/2J

0 0

2 126

5 0

3 138

1 002

10 5

3 734

1 007

21 4

4 456

1 OK)

46 3

5 760

1 035

105 3

7 318

1 075

145 1

7 920

1 !()()

204 9

8 383

1 145

312 0

7 965

1 221

395 7

6 848

1 230

494 6

5 573

1 344

(Taber, J phys Chem 1906, 10 628 )
Solubility in formic acid at 25°
100 cc of solution of acid containing 4%

SULPHATE, CALCIUM

947

dissolve 024 g CaS04 (Banthisch, J pr
1884,29 52)
Solubility of CaSOj in ^Moracetio -aeid
at 25° 100 cc of solution of acid containing
4% dissolve 022 g CaS04, 10%, 025 g
(Banthisch, J pr 1884, 29 52)
Solubility m H2O is increased by presence
of NH4C1 (Vogel, J pr 1 196), ammonium
succmate (Wittstem, Repert 57 18),
(NH4)2S04, (NH4)2B407 (Popp, A Suppl
8 11), also KNO, (Vogel, Jun), Na2S04
(Henry, J Pharm 12 31), NaCl (Tromms-

J^~C XT T T>T 10 -t 00 / \

CaCl2+Aq

Solubihty of CaS04 in CaCl2+Aq at t°

t°

A,

100 com
dissolve
g of
CaSO4

t°

Ca&!2

100 ccm.
dissolve
g of
CaS04

23
24
25
25

3 54
6 94
10 36
15 90

0 1225
0 0963
0 0886
0 0734

25
101 0
102 5
103 5

16 91
3 54
10 36
16 91

0 0702
0 1370
0 1426
0 1301

Decomp by alkali carbonates +Aq
Storer's Diet )

1 g CaS04 is sol in 162 ccm sat KCl+Aq
at 8°, in 147 ccm sat NaCl+Aq at 8 5°, m
93 ccm sat NH4Cl+Aq at 12 5°, in 94 ccm
sat KNOs+Aq, in 92 ccm sat N"aN08+Aq,
in 320 ccm sat NH4NOs-f Aq, m 54 ccm
2/9 sat NHJTOs-f Aq, m about 2000 ccm
sat K2S04+Aq (Droeze)

More sol in Fe2Clc, Cr2Cl6, CuCl2, ZnCl24-
Aq than m H20, but not more sol m CaCl24-
Aq (Gladstone )

NH4Cl+Aq

1 g CaS04 is sol m 92 ccm sat NH4Cl-f
Aq at 13 5°, in 94 ccm 1/2 sat NH4Cl+Aq at
13 5-15 5°, in 200 ccm Vs sat NH4CH-Aq at
13 5°, in 183 ccm Vs sat NH4Cl+Aq at 100°
(Fassbender, B 9 1360 )

Solubility of CaSO4 in 25% NH4Cl+Aq

t°

% CaS04

t°

% CaS04

8
9
25
39

1 030
1 023
1 096
1 126

60
80
120

1 333
1 026
1 000

(Tilden and bhenstone, Roy boc Proc
38 335 )

Solubility in NH4Cl+Aq increases with per-
centage of NH4C1, but if solution contains
more than 60 g NH4C1 per 1 more CaO dis-
solves than S03 With 333 g NH4C1 per
1, the solution contains 4 9 g S03 and 4 4 g
CaO, while the S03 content requires only
3 4 g CaO (Ditte, C R 1898, 126 694 )

Solubility of CiSO4 in NH4CI+Aq at 25°

Crams NH4C1 per liter Grains CuhCh per htor

10 8

24 4

46 7

94 5
149 7
198 6
210 0
275 0
325 0
375 3 (saturated)

3 90
5 38

7 07

8 80
10 30
K) 85
10 88
10 60

9 40
7 38

(Cameron and Brown, J phys Chem 1905.
9 211)

(Lunge, I c )

Solubility of CaSO4 in H20 containing various
amts ofCaCl2at20° 100 pts H20 con-
taining pts CaCla dissolve pts CaSO4

Pts CaCla

Pts CaS04

Pts CaCh

Pts CaSCh

0 00
11 50
14 39

0 225

0 078
0 063

19 80
51 00
67 05

0 041
0 000
0 000

(Tilden and Shenstone )

Solubility of CaSO4 m CaCl2+Aq at t°

t

Ca<5la

Catch

t

Ca&I2

CaS°04

15
21
39

72

15 00
14 70
15 00
14 90

0 063
0 068
0 091
0 100

94
138
170
195

15 16
14 70
14 82
14 70

0 110
0 071
0 031
0 022

(Tilden and Shenstone, I c )

Solubility m CaCh+Aq at 25°

g per 1 of solution

g per 1 of solution

CaCl

Ca&O4

CaCh

CaSO4

0 00

2 06

51 55

1 02

7 49

1 24

97 02

0 84

11 96

1 18

192 71

0 47

25 77

1 10

280 SO

0 20

12 05

1 08

367 85

0 03

(Cunoron and Seidell, J phys Ch 1901, 5
643)

1000 pts of 1% CaCl2+Aq dissolve
1 1414 pts CaS04, 40% CaCl2, 0 2130 pts
CaS04 (Orloff, Chem Soc 1903, 84, (2)
211)

948

SULPHATE, CALCIUM

Solubility in CaO2H2+Aq at 25°

Solubility of CaS04 in NH^Os+Aq at
25°

G CaSO4

per 1

G CaO
perl

Solid phase

G NH^NOsperl

G CaSCUperl

0 0

1 166

Ca(OH)2

10

3 18

0 391

1 141

(i

25

3 93

0 666

1 150

a

55

5 80

0 955

1 215

C(

100

7 65

1 214

1 242

it

150

8 88

1 588

1 222

Ca(OH)2 and CaSO4, 2H20

200

9 85

1 634

0 939

CaS04, 2H20

300

10 80

1 722

0 611

(C

400

11 40

1 853

0 349

It

550

12 02

1 918

0 176

(t

750

12 20

2 030

0 062

(t

1000

11 81

2 126

0 0

u

1200

11 10

14.OH

in no

(Cameron and Bell, J Am Chem Soc 1906.

Oft 1001 \

i-rt\j\j

saturated

J.U \J£J

7 55

own, j p
9 213)

MgCl2+Aq
Sol in 324 pts MgCl2-f Aq (34 1% MgCl2)
at 19° (Karsten )
1 g CaSO4 is sol in 146 com 1/9 sat MgCla
+Aq at 13 5° (Fassbender )
1 1 1/9 sat MgCl2+Aq dissolves 6 83 g
CaS04+2H20 at 13 5° (Droeze )

Solubility of CaSO4 in MgCl2+Aq

Ca(N08)2+Aq
Solubility of CaS04 in Ca(N03)2-fAq at
25°

Weight of 1000 cc
of solution

G

Ca(NOs)2perl

G
CaSCU per 1

998 1
1013 8
1031 7
1067 3
1136 9
1203 5
1265 6
1328 1
1352 0

0
25
50
100
200
300
400
500
544

2 084
1 238
1 196
1 134
0 929
0 759
0 569
0 403
0 346

t

% MgOla

% CaS04

9
39

80

19 7
11 1
9 99

0 765
2 744
1 038

(Tilden and Shenstone, I c )

(Seidell and Smith, J phys Chem 1904, 8
498)

Solubility in MgCl2-t-Aq at 26°

g per 1 of solution

g per 1 of solution

MgClj

CaSCh

H2O

MfcCh

CaSO4

HaO

0 0
8 50
19 18
46 64

2 08
4 26
5 69
7 59

997 9
996 5
994 5
989 1

121 38

206 98
337 0
441 0

8 62
6 57
2 77
1 39

972 2
949 9
908 7
878 6

(Cameron and feeidell, 7 phys Ch 1901,
5 645)

1 1 sat MgCl2+Aq at 25° containing 476 5
g MgCl2 dissolves 1 09 g CaS04 (Cameron
and Brown, J phys Ch 1905, 9 214 )

NH4NO3+Aq

1 g CaSO4 is sol in 320 ccm sat NH4NO3
-f Aq at 8-9° , in 54 ccm 2/9 sat NH4NO3 +
Aq at 13 5°, in 103 ccm 2/27sat NH4NQ3+Aq
at 135° (Fassbender)

Mg(NO,)i_+Aq

it

25°

Weight of 1000 cc
of solution grams

G Mg(NOah
per 1

G CaSOi

per 1

998 1

0

2 OS4

1020 5

25

5 772

1039 8

50

7 8S4

1078 6

100

<) <)20

1149 8

200

}•> *10

1219 0

300

14 000

1282 1

400

14 f)Si

1355 3

514

15 040

(feeidell and Smith, J phyia
497)

Chem 1904 8

1 1 sat Mg(N03)2+Aq at 25° containing
615 1 g Mg(NO8)2 dissolves 15 26 g CaS04
(Cameron and Brown, J phys Ch 1905, 9
214)

SULPHATE, CALCIUM

949

KNOs+Aq

1 g CaSO4 is sol in 94 com sat KN08+
Aq at 13 5°, in 82 com sat KN08+Aq at
15 5°, in 68 ccm nearly sat KNO3+Aq at
20° (Fassbender)

Solubility in KN03+Aq at 25°

KCl+Aq

1 g CaSO4 is sol in 162 ccm sat KCl+Aq
at 8°, in 295 ccm 1/6 sat KCl+Aq at 9°

Solubility in KCl+Aq at 21°

Wt of 1000 com
of solution grams

G KNO»
per 1

G CaSO4
perl

g per 1

g per 1

KC1

CaS04

KC1

CaS04

998 1
1008 1
1015 4
1032 1
1062 5
1092 4
1122 4
1153 9

0 0
12 5
25 0
50 0
100 0
150 0
200 0
260 0

2 084
3 284
4 080
5 255
6 855
7 907
8 688
f 6 278
a j 12 112

0
10
20
40

2 05
3 6
4 5
5 8

60
80
100
125

6 6
7 2
7 5
Double Salt

(Ditte, A ch 1898, (7) 14 294
Solubility in KI+Aq at 21°

a Probably due to formation of double salt
of calcium and potassium sulphates.
CaKo(S04)2+H20
(Seidell and Smith, J phys Chem 1908 8
496)
NaNOs+Aq
1 g CaS04 is sol in 92 ccm sat NaN08+
Aq at 85°, in 318 ccm Vs sat NaN03+
Aq at 13 56 (Fassbender )
100 ccm sat NalSTOg+Aq dissolve 1 086 g
CaS04+2H20, 100 ccm Va sat NaNO8+
Aq dissolve 0 314 g CaS04+2H20 (Droeze,
B 10 338)

G KI

per 1

G CaSO4

perl

G KI
perl

G CaS04 per 1

0
10
20
40
60
80

2 05
2 8
3 2
3 9
4 5
4 85

100
125
150
200
250
300

5 1
5 45
5 8
5 95
6 00
Double salt

(Ditte, I c )

Solubility m NaN03+Aq at 25°

Wt of 1000 ccm
of solution trams

G NaN03
per 1

G CaS04
perl

998 1

0

2 084

1016 3

25

4 252

1034 0

50

5 500

105S 4

100

7 100

in* (>

200

8 790

1101 6

300

9 282

i to * o

600

7 886

1 W) 4

655

7 258

(Scidcll uul Smith, J phys Chcm 1904, 8
495)

1 1 sat NaN03+Aq at 25°, containing
668 4 g NaNO3, dissolves 5 52 g CaSO4
(Cameron ind Biown, J phys Ch 1905, 9
214)

Solubility in KBr+Aq at 21°

NaCl+Aq

Sol in 122 pts sat NaCl+Aq (Anthon )

Insol in sat NaCl+Aq, but more sol in
dil NaCl+Aq than in H2O Maximum
solubility in NaCl+Aq is when the sp gr is
1033

Ig CaSOussol in 147 ccm of sat NaCl +
Aq at 8 5°, in 150 ccm of sat NaCl+Aq at
135°, in 149 ccm of Va sat NaCl+Aq at
13 5° in 244 ccm of J/5 sat NaCl+Aq at
135° (Fassbender )

100 ccm sat NaCl+Aq dissolve 0 6785 g
CiSO4+2H2O it 85°, 00665 g CaSO4 +
2H () at H 5° 100 ccm Va sit NiCl+Aq
dissolve 0671 g CuSC)4+2JlO it 135°,
V bit N iCl+Aq dissolve 0 4085 ^ CibO4 +
2HO at 1* 5° (Drot/t )

Solubihtv of CaSO4 m NiCl+Aq it t°

C, KHi
JM r 1

( ( iSOi
per 1

G KBr
per 1

G CaSOtpcrl

t

NuCl

/(

C lS(>4

t

NiiC 1

/

C US( >4

0

10
20
40
()()
80

2 05
3 1
$ ()
4 5
5 2
5 9

100
125
150
200
250

6 3

() 7
7 0
7 3
Double bait

20
44
67
85
101

10 00
10 03
10 05
10 00
20 08

0 S2>
0 S>()
0 Si2
0 S2>
0 682

no

165
160
170
225

10 02
20 04
20 05
20 10
21 00

0 302
0 2)0
0 244
0 220
0 17S

(lildeii and Shenstonc, Roy Soc Proc
38 331 )

(Ditte, A ch 1898, (7) 14 294 )

950

SULPHATE, CALCIUM

Solubility of CaS04 in NaCl+Aq at t°

100 com

100 com

t°

%

dissolve

t°

%

dissolve

NaCI

g of

NaCI

g of

CaS04

CaS04

21 5
19 5

3 53
7 35

0 5115
0 6429

17 5
101 0

17 46
3 53

0 7369
0 4891

21

11 12

0 7215

102 5

14 18

0 6248

18

14 18

0 7340

103

1746

0 6299

(Lunge, J Soc Chem Ind 4 31 )
100 pts H2O containing pts Nad dissolve

j_ s*4 Ol^\ . A.nn

Solubility m NaCl+Aq

3(

)°

55

2°

7(

)°

Si

J°

5

<5

n

5

0

5

0_

6

fcfe
0*

5 «

a
O

!»

o ss

pi

o

;»

o ss

ft

0

;»

o

0 5
10 3
30 3
47 3
73 4
126 9
192 4

2 5
3 6
5 0
6 1
6 9
7 3
7 7

0 5
1 1
5 0
10 1
29 6
48 3
75 7
131 6
195 9

2 3
2 4
2 9
3 5
5 0
5 8
6 6
7 1
7 4

0 5
10 0
29 6
48 8
132 7
195 0

2 2

3 4
4 9
5 8

7 4
7 6

0 0
1 0
5 0
10 1
29 5
48 8
74 9
128 7
195 1

2 07
2 18
2 65
3 30
4 68
5 54
6 23
7 00
7 15

pis <jaQu4 at zir

iy^ 4

i V

75 7 6 t>
131 6 7 1
195 9 7 4

1 74 9
128 7
195 1

o 23
7 00
7 15

Pts

NaCI

Pts
CaS04

Pts
NaCI

Pts
CaSO4

Pts
NaCI

Pts
CaSO*

0 00
0 52
2 03
5 02

0 225
0 301

0 441
6 15

5 05
10 00
20 00

6 34
7 38
0 823

24 40
35 10
35 86

0 820
0 734
0 709

(Cameron, J phys Ch 1901, 6 562 )

1 1 sat NaCl+Aq at 25° containing 318 3
g NaCI dissolves 5 52 g CaS04 (Cameron
and Brown, J phys Ch 1905, 9 214 )

Solubility in NaCl+Aq

(Tilden and Shenstone )
Solubility in NaCl+Aq at 26°

g perl

wt of
1 cc
solution

g perl

wt of
Ice
solution

G NaCI per 1
of NaCl+Aq

G anhydrous CaSO4 dissolved
per litre

NaCI

CaS04

NaCI

CaSO*

at 14°

at 20°

0 00
9 11
143 99
148 34

2 12
6 66
7 18
7 16

0 9998
1 0644
1 0981
1 012

176 50
1 228 76
264 17
320 49

7 12
6 79
6 50
5 72

1 1196
1 1488
1 1707
1 2034

0 0
2 925
5 850
11 70
14 62
29 25
58 50
87 75
102 3
117 0
131 6
146 2
160 8
175 6
204 7
234 0
263 2
292 6

1 70
2 32
2 79
3 41
3 68
4 40
5 72
6 58
6 90
7 10
7 20
7 10
7 00
6 80
6 30
5 90
5 50
5 30

2 10
2 70
3 15
3 75
4 00
4 70
6 00
b Sr>
7 15
7 W
7 $0
7 U
7 05
(> SO
(> *0
r) 00
r> r)J
"> JO

(Cameron, J phys Ch 1901, 5 556 )
Solubility in NaCl+Aq at 15°

G CaSO* per 1

G NaCI perl

2 3
2 5
3 1
3 7
4 8
5 6
7 4

(OflTYlAmn .T rvTrrro

0 6
1 1
5 1
10 6
31 1
51 4
139 9

C^Vi infll K ri-r\ \

Solubility in NaCl+Aq at 26°

NaCI in 100 g H20

0 0000
9 4307
15 2056
15 6859
18 8570
25 0478
29 3509
36 5343

CaS04 in 100 g H20

0 2126
0 6886
0 7581
0 7575
0 7605
0 7439
0 7219
0 6515

(d;Anselme, Bull Soo 1903, (^ 29
Solubility in NiCH-Aq

(Cameron, J phys Ch 1901, 6 564 )

G NaCJ in
100 cc solution

C CufeO.+.iH 0

0 00

0 200 k

2 44 g

0 ()35 fr

4 77 g

0 S2() k

9 50 g

1 0% ^

14 22 g

23 15 g
31 30 g

• ._...,.

1 275 £
1 583 g

^ — _ «^ _ — ___

(Cloez, Bull Soc 1903, (3) 29 167 )

SULPHATE, CALCIUM

951

Solubility in NaCl-fAq at t°
When a sat solution of NaCl is shaken
with a mixture of solid NaCl and CaS04-f
2H20, the calcium sulphate dissolved; cal-
culated from the amount of CaO in solution, is
always greater than that calculated from the
sulphuric acid in solution Similar results are
obtained when solid calcium sulphate alone is
shaken with a sat solution of NaCl

g perl solution

t°

In 100 g of the solution

Cl

CaSCU calc
from CaO

CaSO< calc
from SO«

0

15 253

0 4464

0 4334

10

15 920

0 4477

0 4426

25

15 967

0 4609

0 4542

40

16 123

0 4938

0 4730

50

16 270

0 5093

0 4832

60

16 324

0 5305

0 5047

62 5

16 361

0 5091

65

16 459

0 5435

0 3749

71

16 486

0 5578

0 3631

75

16 524

0 5603

0 3587

85

16 670

0 5399

0 3519

99

17 128

0 4066

0 3414

0 00
0 129
0 258

0 821

1 643
3 287

(Arth, Bull Soc 1906, (3) 36 780 )

Within a temp range from 25°-80° CaS04
CaS04 forms no double salt in solutions of
NaCl At any concentration with respect to
the latter maximum solubility occurs with 155
g NaCl per 1 and amounts to 7 3 g CaS04 at
80° (Cameron, J phys Chem 1907, 11
496)

See also under Gypsum, p 65 3

Solubility of CiS04 in NaCl+Aq in contact
with solid Cd(HCO3)2

( GubO4

p< r 1

C (u(HCOi)2
per 1

G NuCl
por 1

1 929S

0 0()()i

0 000

2 7200

0 0724

3 628

i 44(>()

0 OSSr)

11 490

r) lr)(>()

0 1()()f)

M 620

(> 1210

0 ()()() *

79 520

r> 2720

0 <)%*

121 000

4 7S(>0

0 04S2

1<H SOO

1 l(»20

0 ()K)2

2b7 ()00

(( tiiuim indSdddl ] phys Ohcm 1901,

S04+\q

Sol in 2S7 pis (NI[4)2SO4-|-Aq (1 4)
(I H dims, / mil i() r>9* )

1 k (1iS()4 is sol in ^27 corn (NH4)2SO4
H-\q it 9° in W)fcm l/7 sit (NH4)2S04 +
Vq it 1 5 5° (l< issbender )

Solubility in sat (NH4)2S04, or Na2&04 is
tho same as in H2O (Droe.se, B 10 330 )

Solubility in (NH4)2SO4+Aq at 25°

0 208
0 204
0 199
0 181
0 166
0 154

wt of
100 cc
solution

99 91
99 91
99 92
99 95
99 99
100 10

g perl

6 575
13 15
26 30
84 9

169 8

339 6

wt of
100 cc
solution

0 144
0 146
0 162
0 233
0 333
0 450

100 36

100 82

101 76
105 34
110 32
119 15

(Sullivan, J Am Chem Soc 1905, 27 529 )
Solubility in (NH4)2S04+Aq at 50°

Sp gr

0026

0113

0440

0819

1108

1385

1653

1972

1964

2043

1 2187

1 2437

1 2480

1 2502

1 2508

1 2510

per 1

0

15 65
30 67
91 6
160 4
221 6
280 6
340 6

415 6

416 5
428 4
479 4
530 8
558 0
564 7
566 0
566 7

perl

2 168

609
750

2 542

3 402
068
690
084
336

5 354
4 632
3 524
2 152
1 986
1
1

08

0

Solid phase

CaS04+2H20

CaSO4 (NH4)2SO4
2HaO

(NH4) S04

(Bell and Taber, J phys Chem 1906, 10

"'

Solubility of CaS04 in (NH4)2S04+Aq at t°

Ex<ess of (NHi) SO4

Excess of CaSO4

t°

4

l|

t

^i

o

o

ja

w w
£

6
40 5

58
78
100

0 1529
0 1569
0 1662
0 1968
0 2546

41 82
44 55
46 07
47 51
49 45

3
31
60
75

80
84
100

0 3782
0 4070
0 5083
0 5898
0 6108
0 5725
0 4895

36 62
35 50
34 97
34 86
34 88
32 40
25 97

(Barre, C R 1909, 148 1605 )

The solubility of CaS04 in H20 is consider-
ably increased by the presence of

952

SULPHATE, CALCIUM

but decreased by the presence of K2S04
(Barre, C R, 1909, 148 1606 )

CuSO4-fAq

Solubility in CuSO4-|-Aq at 25°

Sp gr of the
solution 25°/25

g CuSO*
perl

g CaSO*

perl

1 002

1 144

2 068

1 005

3 564

1 986

1 007

6 048

1 944

1 009

7 279

1 858

1 016

14 814

1 760

1 021

19 729

1 736

1 030

29 543

1 688

1 041

39 407

1 718

1 051

49 382

1 744

1 061

58 880

1 782

1 098

97 950

1 931

1 146

146 725

2 048

1 192

196 021

2 076

1 218

224 916

2 088

(BeH and Taber, J phys Ch 1907, 11 637 )

MgSO4+Aq

Insol in sat MgS04+Aq

1 g CaSO4 is sol in 1162 ccm Vio sat
MgS04+Aq at 135° (Fassbender, B 9
1360)

fc*Sol in 635 pts sat MgSO4+Aq at 19°
(Karsten )

Absolutely msol in sat MgSO4-f-Aq, and
pptd from aqueous solution by the addition
of MgSO4 (Droeze, B 10 340 )

1 1 Vio sat MgS04+Aq dissolves 0 86 g
CaS04H-2H2O (Droeze )

Solubility in MgS04+Aq at 25°

g perl

Sp gr
at
25°/25°

g perl

Sp gr
at
25 /2o°

MgS04

CaSCU

MgS04

CaSO4

0 0

2 046

1 0032

149 67

1 597

1 1377

3 20

1 620

1 0055

165 7

1 549

1 1479

6 39

1 507

1 0090

171 2

1 474

1 1537

10 64

1 471

1 0118

198 8

1 422

1 1813

21 36

1 478

1 0226

232 1

1 254

1 2095

42 68

1 558

1 0419

265 6

1 070

1 2382

64 14

1 608

1 0626

298 0

1 860

1 2624

85 67

1 617

1 0833

330 6

0 647

1 2877

128 28

1 627

1 1190

355 0

0 501

1 3023

(Cameron and Bell, J phys Ch 1906. 10
210)

K2S04+Aq

Ig CaS04issol in 2325 ccm sat K2SO4-f-
Aq at 13 5°, in 664 ccm Vs sat K2S04+Aq
at 13 5 °

Solubility in K2SO4+Aq at 25°

g perl

wt of 1 cc of
solution

K2S04

CaS04

0 0

2 08

0 9981

4 88

1 60

1 0036

5 09

1 56

1 0038

9 85

1 45

1 0075

19 57

1 49

0 151

28 35

1 55

1 0229

30 66

1 57

1 0236

32 47*

1 58

*Sohd phase syngemte
(Cameron and Breazeale, J phys Ch 1904, 8
335 ^

Solubility in K2S04+Aq at 25°
In 1000 g of the solution

mole K2S04 mole CaS04

3 223 0 223

(D'Ans, 2 anorg 1909, 62 151 )

Solubility of CaS04 in K2S04+Aq at t°

Excess of K2SO

Excess of CaSO4

t°

*3

M

oo

O

M

0
18

51
80
99

0 1296
0 1531
0 1754
0 1922
0 1980

2 00
2 79
4 21
5 00
5 39

0 0229
0 0271
0 0300
0 0349
0 037]

6 99
9 81
14 18
17 55
19 70

(Barre, C R 1909, 148 1606 )

Ag2S04+Aq

1 1 of the solution contains 2 31 g CaS04
+7 23 g Ag2S04=9 54 g mixed salts at 17°
Sp gr =10083

1 1 of the solution contains 2 61 g CaSO4-f-
8 11 g Ag2S04 = 10 72 g mixed salts at 25°
Sp gr=1010 (Euler, 2 phys Ch 1904,
49 313)

Na2S04+Aq

Ig CaSOussol m39Sccm sat NiSO4 +
Aq at 10 5°

Solubility of CaSO4 in N i2SO4+Aq it 22°

G CaS04 pei 1

( NtiS<)4purl

2 084

0 000

1 5cS3

2 771

1 433

1 * S20

1 408

1() 3(>0

1 569

M >H)

1 841

77 >20

2 185

Hi 00

2 414

19 i SOO

*2 578

*222 580

*Both UtbO4 and JNU2kO4 as solid phases in
contact with the solution
(Cameron and Seidell, J phys Chcrn 1901,5
650)

SULPHATE, CALCIUM

953

Solubility in Na2SO4+Aq at 25°

Solubility in N/200 KHC2H406-|-Aq4-

KQ7 4-n-n±n-mfi ctniA rtOKKfi rr OnQf^ -i-nii» 1 C\f\

wt of 1000 com
of solution grams

g NaaSCU per 1

g CaSO4perl

uyo tartaric acid — u^ooo g L/aovj4 per luu
g solution
Solubility in 10% alcoholic N/400

1001 26
1007 59
1011 45
1020 46

2 390
9 535
14 132
24 369

1 650

1 457
1 388
1 471

IHC2H406+5% tartaric acid =0 1086 g
CaS04 in 100 g solution (Magnanim )
Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethylacetate (Naumann, B

1031 48

36 979

1 563

1910, 43 314 )

1039 12
1079 47

46 150
94 220

1 650
1 980

Solubility in sugar +Aq at t°

1096 47

115 084

2 096

G CaSO* dissoh ed in 1 1 sugar solutions

1142 66

146 612

2 234

%

1176 47

205 105

2 503

sugar

30°

40°

50°

60°

70°

80°

1212 00

257 100

2 650

0

2 157

1 730

1 730

1 652

1 710

(Cameron and Breazeale, J phys Chem

10

2 041

1 730

1 730

1 574

1 574

1 613

1904, 8 340 )

20

1 808

1 652

1 419

1 380

1 419

1 263

27

1 550

1 438

1 361

1 283

1 283

0 972

1 1 sat Na2S04+Aq at 25° containing
25409, Na2S04 dissolves 258 g CaSO4
(Cameron and Brown. J phys Ch 1905, 9
214)

35
42
49
55

1 263
1 030

1 050

0 564
0 486

1 088
0 777
0 739
0 505

1 108
0 816
0 564
0 486

0 914
0 855
0 603
0 369

0 729
0 486
0 330

and accelerated by cone solution of sodium,
potassium, ammonium and magnesium sul-
phates (Rohland, Z Elektrochem 1908,
14 422)

More than 10 times as much CaS04 dis-
solves in sat Na2S2034-AqasinH20 (Diehl

Insol m alcohol of 0905 sp gr or less
(Anthon, J pr 14 125 )

Solubility m 10% alcohol =00970 g
CaSO4 per 100 g solution (Magnanim,
Gazz Ch it 1901, 31 (2) 544 )

Sol in dil alcoholic solutions of NH4NO8,
KNO3, NaNO3, NH4C1, JKC1, and NaCl
(Marguentte, C R 38 308 )

Sol to considerable extent m NH^C
-f- Aq, especially if freshly pptd More sol
m NH4C2H302-fAq than in NH4Cl+Aq
(Weppen, J pr 11 182 )

More sol in NH4C2H302+Aq than in other
NH4 salts (Cohn, J pr (2) 35 43 )

More sol m NaC2H/)2+Aq or KCl+Aq
than m II2O (Mulder )

Solubility m N/200 potassium hydrogen
tartratc+Aq = 02323 g CaS04 per 100 i
solution (Magnanim, Ga/z ch it 1901, 3:
(2) 544 )

72 01 imlhraols per 1 of CaS04+2H2O are
sol at 25° in ammonium citrate +Aq (con-
centration = 05 milhraols per 1 )

30 39 millimols per 1 of CaS04+2H2O are
sol at 25° m sodium citrate +Aq (Con-
centration = 0 25 millimols per 1 (Rindell,
Z phys Ch 1910, 70 452 )

100 pts glyeoimo dissolve 0 957 pt CaSO4
+211 2O, md solubility increases with the
temp (Assolm, C R 76 884 )

100 g glyreime (sp gr 1256) dissolve
5 17 g CuS04 at 15-16° (Ossendowski
Phirm I 1907;79 575) ^T

Solubility in 10% alcoholic N/200
KHC2H406+Aq =00866 g CaS04 per 100
g solution

(Stolle, Z Ver Zuckerind, 1900, 50 331)

Mm Anhydnte

4-2H2O Mm Gypsum

Gypsum A sat aq solution of gypsum
of particles not less than 2/* contains 2 085 g
CaS04 per litre at 25°

A sat aq solution of gypsum of particles
not smaller than 0 3^ contams 2 476 g CaS04
per liter at 25° 0*« 00001 cm) (Hulett
and Allen, Z phys Ch 1901, 37 391 and
393)

Solubility in H2O at t°

t°

g CaSO4 in 100
com of the
solution

Densitv of the
solution at t

0

0 17590

1 001970

10

0 192S5

1 001727

IS

0 20160

1 000590

25

0 20S05

0 990109

30

0 20905

0 097S91

35

0 200b()

0 096122

40

0 20970

0 994390

45

0 2()S*r>

0 092570

55

0 200()5

0 9S7000

05 i

0 10*20

0 9S2%0

75

0 IS 175

0 077721

100

0 10105

(Hulett and Allen, J \m Chem Soc 1902,
24 074)

1 1 H O dissolves 2 13 g CaSO4-f2H20 at
25° (Pulir, Z phys Ch 1004, 49 "514 )

2023 mg u o dissolved mil of sat solution
at 18° (Kohh uisch, Z phyb Ch 1908, 64

1 1 H2O dissolves 2 267 g CaSO4+2H2O
at 0°, 2 684 g at 35°, 2 662 g at 50°, and
2 155 g at 100° (Cavazzi, C C 1905, I
1693)

954

, OA1A/1UM

1 1 H20 dissolves 29 5 miUiequivaleats at
18°, 30 at 50°, 23 3 at 100° (Melcher, J
Am Chem Soc 1910, 32 63 )

See also under CaSO4

Solubilitv of pulverized gypsum in NaCl+Aq
at 23°

Grams gypsum

G NaClperl

G CaSOi per 1

2 99

0 99

2 37

3 82

4 95

3 02

4 48

10 40

3 54

6 31

30 19

4 97

7 51

49 17

5 94

8 53

75 58

6 74

9 42

129 50

7 50

9 17

197 20

7 25

8 88

229 70

7 03

7 19

306 40

5 68

6 79

315 55

5 37

(Cameron, J phys Chem 1901, 5 559 )
See also under CaS04

Plaster of Paris contains
according to Chatelier (C C 1889, 1 203)

Calcium hexahjdrogen sulphate, <

Decomp by H20 (Schultz, Pogg 133
137)

Calcium cupnc potassium sulphate,
(D'Ans, B 1908,41 1778)

Calcium magnesium potassium sulphate.
2CaS04, MgS04, K2S04+2H20

Mm Polyhahte Sol in H20 with residue
of CaS04

4CaS04, MgS04. K2S04+2H20 Min
Krugite Decomp by H20

Calcium potassium sulphate, CaK2(S04)a-f
H20

Min Syngemte Sol in 400 pts H20
(Zepharovitch) Less sol than K2S04
Decomp by heatmg with separation of CaS04
Decomp by H20 until 25 g JK2SO4 are dis-
solved m a litre, after which there is no de-
composition (Ditte, C R 84 86 )

Easily sol in dil acids (Phillips )

Solubility of syngemte, CaK2(S04)2-f H20 in
K2SO4+ Aq at 25°

Calcium hydrogen sulphate, CaH2(SO4)2
100 pts H2SO4 of 1 82 sp gr dissolve about

Wt of 1000 com
of solution grams

g KsSO* per 1

g CaSO* per 1

2 pts CaS04, 100 pts fuming H2S04 dissolve

10 17 pts CaS04 (Struve, Z anal 9 34), 100

1013 08

16 31

*1 495

Sts H2SO4 dissolve 2 5 pts CaSO4 (Lies-

1015 78

19 87

1 529

odart and Jacquemin, C R 46 1206),

1020 01

25 01

1 537

CaSO4 is precipitated by H2O from H2S04

1024 54

30 83

1 565

solution

1036 82

46 99

0 810

100 pts boiling H2S04 dissolve 10 pts

1058 10

75 45

0 451

CaSO4 (Schultz, Pogg 133 137 )

1085 91

112 87

0 330

Solubility of CaSO4 in H2S04+Aq

*In first four determinations syngemte
completely decomoosed

wi of 1000

g CaSO4 per 1 at

(Cameron and

Breazeale, J

phys Chem

com of

g H2SO4

1904, 8 339 )

solution at
25°

per 1

25°

35°

43

This double

salt, is stahlft hpt.wApn 0° a.nrl

999 1067

0 00

2 126

2 145

59° in the presence of an excess of either

1002 493

0 48

2 128

2 209

2 236

CaS04 or K2S04 In this temp interval the

1002 553

4 87

2 144

2 451

2 456

double sulphate, 2CaS04, K2£

SO4, 3H2O de-

1005 091

8 11

2 203

2 760

scribed by Ditte (C R 84

867) does not

1009 787
1030 151

16 22
48 67

2 382
2 727

3 397

3 116

3 843

exist (Barre, C R 1909, 148 1607 )
Ca2K2(S04)8+3H20 Decomp by cold

1043 470

75 00

2 841

4 146

H20 (Ditte, C R 84 867 )

1075 613

97 35
146 01

2 779

2 571

3 606
3 150

4 139

5CaS04, K2S04-fH20 Slowly decomp
by H20 (van't Hoff and Geiger, BAB

1113 392

194 70

2 313

3 551

1904 935)

1141 755

243 35

1 901

2 959

1168 143

292 02

1 541

2 481

Calcium potassium zinc sulphate.

Ca2K2Zn(S04)4-f2H2O

(Cameron and Breazeale, J phys Chem

(D'Ans, B 1908,41 1778)

1903, 7 574 )

100 pts hot cone H2S04 dissolve approx
10 pts CaS04 (Rohland, Z anorg 1910, 66
206)

Decomp by H20

(D'Ans, B 1907, 40 4913 )
-f 3H2O Decomp by H20 (Ditte, C R
84 86)
CaRb2(S04)2+H20 (D'Ans )

SULPHATE, CEROUS

955

Calcium sodium sulphate, CaNa2(SO4)2
Mm Glaubente Gradually sol in H20,

but crystals of CaS04+2H20 soon separate

out (Fntzsche )
Insol m alcohol, and cone NaCaHsOa-f-

Aq, decomp by H2O (Folkhard, C N 43

6)
CaNa4(S04)8+2H20 Decomp by H20

(Fntzsche )

Calcium titanium sulphate, CaS04, Ti(S04)2
Ppt , decomp by H20 giving titanic acid
(Wemland, Z anorg 1907, 54 254 )

Calcium uranium sulphate

Mm Uranochalcite

Mm Medjidite Easily sol in dil HC1+
Aq

Cerous sulphate, Ce2(S04)8

Anhydrous cerous sulphate is much more
sol in H20 than the hydrated salt

Easily sol in cold H20 if added thereto in
small amounts If large amount of Ce2(S04)s
is treated with a little H20 it hardens with
evolution of heat, and becomes very difficultly
soluble 100 pts H20 dissolve 161 pts
Ce2(S04)3 at 0° and 17 86 pts at 19°

Ce2(S04)3+Aq sat in cold deposits
Ce2(S04)3 at 75°. and only 2 25 pts remain in
solution at 1006 (John, Bull Soc (2) 21
536)

100 pts H20 dissolve 8 31 pts Ce2(S04)3 at
20°, 8 08 pts at 45°, 4 95 pts at 60°, 0 504
pt at 100° (Buhrig, J pr (2) 12 240 )

60 pts anhydrous salt dissolve quickly at
0-3° in 100 pts H2O

At 15° the solution solidifies, and the mother
liquor contains only 2788% Ce2(S04)8 At
15° the maximum attainable strength is
31 62% Ce2(S04)8 (Brauner, Chem Soc 53
357)

100 pts H20 dissolve 10 747 pts Ce2(S04)8
at 16°, 9 648 pts at 19°, 6 949 pts at 33°

Tfhe solubility of Ce2(S04)8 in H20 is dimin-
ished by the addition of (NH4)2S04, K2S04
or Na2SO4 (Barre, C R 1910, 161 872 )

Sp gr of C( 2(SO4)8+Aq was found to be con-
st int wluthtr Ce2(SO4)3 or Ce2(SO4)s-h
SH/) was used The following rehiilts
wen obt lined at 15°

45 pts Ce2(SO4)8 dissolve in 100 pts
H2S04 (Wyrouboff, BulL Soc (3) 2 745 )

SolubiUty in (NH4)2SO4+Aq at 16°

Pts

Ce*(SO4)ato
100 pts 1U)

3 17
f) 11

8 35

9 bl

10 55

11 66

Sp gr

1 03005

1 05812

1 07910

1 090S5

1 09939

1 10987

Pts
Cea(S04)3 to
100 pt^ TI ()

12 bb

14 56

15 64
21 19
31 62

1 11917

1 13665

1 14623

1 19640

1 28778

Per 100 pts HaO

(NH4)2S04

CeaCSO-Os

0 00

10 747

3 464

1 026

9 323

0 782

19 240

0 748

29 552

0 701

45 616

0 497

55 083

0 194

63 920

0 090

72 838

0 035

(Brauner, Chem Soc 53 357 )

(Barre, A ch 1911, (8) 24 252 )

Solubility in Na2S04+Aq at 19°-20°

Per 100 pts H2O

Na2SO4

Ce*(S04)a

0 00

Q 64

0 328

0 637

0 684

0 259

1 091

0 0937

1 392

0 057

1 699

0 0303

2 640

0 012

3 589

0 0065

5 660

0 0046

7 710

0 0037

(Barre, A ch 1911, (8) 24 251 )

Solubility in K2SO4-f Aq at 16°

Per 100 pts

KSQ4

Ce (SO4)a

0 00
0 178
0 510
0 726
1 290

10 747
0 956
0 432
0 250
0 0419

(Barre, A ch 1911, (8) 24 248)

+4H2O 100 g H2O dissolve at
35° 40° 50° 57°
85 604 343 2 34 g Ce2(S04)3

65° 70° 82° 1005°bpt of sat solution
1 883 1 38 1 01 0 43 g Ce2(SO4)3

(Koppel, Z anorg 1904, 41 399 )

956

SULPHATE, CEROCERIC

H-5H20
100 pts H20 dissolve pts

Ce2(SO4)satt°

100 g H20 dissolve at
0° 15° 21° 30° 312°
2098 1187 9725 7353 7 185 g Ce2(S04)8,

316° 45° 50° 60° 65°
7 164 5 13 4 673 3 88 3 595 g Ce2(S04)s
(Koppel )
+12H20
100 pts H20 dissolve pts Ce2(S04)3 at t°

t°

Pts CeaCSOOs

100
80
60
50
40

0 775
1 70
3 45
5 56
8 20

(Muthmann and Rolig. Z
456)

100 g H20 dissolve at
45° 60° 70°

anorg 1898, 16

s*t /-r<i/^k \

t° Pts Ce2(S04)3

0 21 40
18 18 44
25 16 22

1929g

80° 90° 1005°bpt of sat solution
1 207 0 8355 0 469 g Ce2(S04)8

Muthmann and Rohg's determinations are
inaccurate (Koppel )

+8H20 100 pts H20 dissolve 14 92 pts
Ce2(SO4)3 at 20° from Ce2(S04)3+8H2O3
(John )

100 pts H2O dissolve pts Ce2(SO4)3 at t°

t°

Pts
Ce2(SO4)s

t°

Pts
CezCSOO 3

0
18
30

19 10
17 32
16 13

50
60
70

12 48
9 40
4 24

(Muthmann and Rohg )

100 g H2O dissolve at

0° 15° 20 4°

1009 1106 9525g Ce2(S04)8,

30° 40° 50° 60°
7 388 5 947 4 785 4 064 g Ce2(S04)3

Previous determinations are inaccurate
(Koppel, Z anorg 1904, 41 395 )

100 g sat solution at 25° contain 7 60 g
anhydrous salt (Wirth, Z anorg 76 174 )

Solubility in H2SO4+Aq at 25° Solid phase
Ce2(S04)3+8HO

Normality
H2S04

In 100 g of the liquid are dissolved

g CeO3

g Cc (SO4)3

0
0 1

1 1

2 16
4 32
6 685
9 68
15 15

4 604

4 615
3 61
3 01
2 0
0 9115
0 4339
0 145

7 60
7 618
6 00
5 018
3 301
1 505
0 733
0 239

(Wirth, Z anorg 1912, 76 191 )

+9H2O 100 pts H20 dissolve 17 52 pts
Ceo(S04)3 from Ce2(SO4)3+9H20 (Brauner

(Muthmann and Rohg, Z anorg 1898, 16
457)

100 g H20 dissolve at
0° 18 8° 19 2°
1656 1752 1770g Ce2(S04)3
Previous determinations are inaccurate
(Koppel )

Cerocenc sulphate, Ce2(S04)3, 2Ce(S04)2+
24H20

Decomp by H20 Sol in HCl+Aq with
decomp (Mendeleieff, A 168 45 )

Ce2(S04)3, 3Ce(S04)2+31H2O (John )

Cenc sulphate, basic, Ce02, S03+2H20

Very si sol in H20

Sol in 2500 pts H2O (Mosander)

Boiling H20 gradually dissolves out H2S04
(Erk)

Sol in acids

8Ce02, 7S03-fl2H2O, 8Ce02, 7SO3-f-
15H20, 6Ce02, 5SO8+5H20, 4CeO2, 3S03-h
7H20, and 3Ce(S04)2, 5Ce(OH)4 All are
msol ppts

Cenc sulphate, Ce(S04)2

Anhydrom Very slowly sol in cold, more
rapidly in hot H20 When solution has once
begun, almost unlimited quantities may be
dissolved Insol in cone H2SO4 (Meyer.
B 1904,37 144)

+4H20 Sol in H O with immediate de-
comp (Rammelsberg )

Decomp by H2O (Muthmann, B 1900,
33 1764)

Cerous hydrogen sulphate, Ce2(SO4)3, 3H2S04

Decomp by H2O (Wyrouboff, Bull Soc

(3) 2 745, Brauner, Z anorg 1904, 38 329 )

Cerocenc hydrogen sulphate,
13H20

Sol in H20 Forms very supersat solu-
tions

Solubility in H2SO4 decreases with increase
in concentration of the acid (Meyer, B
1904,37 146)

SULPHATE, CHROMIC HYDROGEN

957

Cerous potassium sulphate, Ce2(S04)8, K2S04
+2H2O

SI sol in H20, insol in sat K2S04+Aq
(Czudnowicz, J pr 80 26 )

2Ce2(S04)3, 3K2S04 As above (Her-
mann,J pr 30 188)

+8H20 (Barre, A ch 1911, (8) 24 249)

Ce2(S04)3, 2K2S04+3H20 As above
(John)

Ce2(S04)3, 3K2S04 Sol in about 56 pts
H20 at 9-20° Easily sol in acidified H20
Nearly insol m sat K2S04+Aq (John)

Ce2(S04)8, 5K2S04 Insol in K2S04+Aq
(Barre, I c )

Cenc potassium sulphate, Ce(S04)2, 2K2S04
+2H20

SI sol in H20 with decomp Insol in sat
K2S04+Aq

Cenc silver sulphate, 10Ce(S04)2, 6Ag2S04

Only si sol in cold H20, decomp by hot
H2O in which it is readily sol (Pozzi-Escot,
C R 1913, 156 1074 )

Cerous sodium sulphate, Ce2(S04)s, Na2S04+
2H20

Very si sol in H20. and still less in Na2S04
-J-Aq 100 com sat Na2S04-fAq dissolve an
amount corresponding to 62 mg Ce203
( Jolin )

SI sol ni HCl+Aq (Czudnowicz )

Cerous thallous sulphate, Ce2(S04)8, 3T12S04

Ce2(S04)3, T12S04+2H20 Sol in H20
(Zschiesche, J pr 107 98 )

+4H2O Very si sol m cold, somewhat
more in warm H20 (Wyrouboff, Bull Soc
Mm 14 83)

Cerous tin (stannic) hydrogen sulphate,

CeHSn(S04)4

Decomp by H20 Sol in very dil HC1
(Wemland, Z anorg 1907, 54 251 )

Chromous sulphate, CrS04+7H20

100 pts H2O dissolve 12 35 pts CrS04+
7H2O Aqueous solution can be boiled with-
out decomp SI sol in alcohol

-f H20 (Moissan, Bull Soc 37 296 )

Chromic sulphate, basic, 3Cr203, 2S03 +
12H20 =2Cr2(S04)(OH)4, Cr2(OH)6+
5H2O

Insol in H2O Sol m acids Slowly de-
comp by KOH-f-Aq or K2C03+Aq

5Cr203, 3S03 Sol m H20 (Recoura, C
R 112 1439)

Cr203, S03 - Cr202(S04) Ppt (Schiff, A
124 167)

+10H20 or [CrfOH)2fOH2)4]2SO4 Nearly
insol m H20 (Werner, B 1908, 41 3451 )

5Cr203, 8S03 (?) (Siewert, A 126 97 )

Cr2O3, 2S03=Cr20(S04)2 Easily sol in a
little H20, but a precipitate is thrown down

by further addition of H2O, which redissolves
on evaporation

5Cr208, 12SO3 (?) (Siewert )

2Cr2O3 5S03+15H2O Sol m H20 msol
in alcohol and acetone by which it is ppt
from aqueous solution (Nicolardot, C R
1907, 145 1338 )

Chromic sulphate, Cr2(SO4)8

Anhydrous Insol m H2O. HN08, HC1,
H2SO4, aqua regia, and NH4OH-f Aq De-
comp by boiling caustic alkalies, and slowly
by alkali carbonates +Aq (Schrotter ) Ac-
cording to Traube (A 71 92) and Siewert (A
126 94). Schrotter *s salt is an acid sulphate.
Cr4(S04)6(OS02OH)2 - 2Cr2(S04)3, H2S04
According to fitard (Bull Soc (2) 31 200)
both salts exist, and formula of above salt is
Cr2(SO4)6Cr2 Formula is 2[(Cr203)2, (S08)6],
17H2S04 (?) (Cross and Higgms, Chem
Soc 41 113 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910,43 314)

+6H20 (?) Gre&n modification Readily
sol in H2O or alcohol Sol in cone H2S04
H20 solution is converted into the violet mod-
ification by standing 3-4 weeks (Schrotter )

•fllH2O (?) Extremely deliquescent, be-
comes liquid in moist air in 2 minutes Not
pptd by BaCl2+Aq (Recoura, C R 113
857)

+18H2O Violet modification Sol m
0833pt H20at2ti° When the H20 solution
is heated to 65-70° it begins to be converted
into the green modification This conversion
is also brought about by cold HN03, H2S04,
PC13 (fitard, C R 84 1090 )

Sp gr of aqueous solution of violet modi-
fication of Cr2(S04)3 containing

5 10 20% Cr2(S04)3+18H20,

1 0275 1 0560 1 1150

30 40 50% Cr2(S04)y+18H20

1 1785 1 2480 1 3250

Sp gr of aqueous solution of green modi-
fication of Cr2(S04)3 containing

10 20 30% Cr2(S04)3+18H20,

1 0510 1 1070 1 1680

40 50 60% Cr (S04)3-f-18H20,

1 2340 1 3055 1 382 5

70 80% Cr,(SO4)3-f 18HO

1 4650 1 5535

(Gerlach, Z anal 28 494 )

See also Chromosulphuric acid

Chromic hydrogen sulphate, Cr2(S04)3, H SO*
-f-16H20

Tu o modifi( allow*

a Violet Decomp by H20

b Green Obtained from violet modifica-
tion on heating Sol in H20 (Wemland,
Z anorg 1906, 49 157 )

958

SULPHATE, CHROMIC CUPRIC

+24H20 Decomp by alcohol, giving the
normal sulphate (Weinland )

Cr2(SO4)8, 2H2S04-f-18H2O Hygroscopic
Decomp by H2O (Weinland )

2Cr2(S04)3, H2S04~Cr4

Correct composition of Cr2(S04)s (Traube),
which see
See also Cnromosulphuric acid

Chromic cupnc sulphate, Cro(SO4)2, 2CuSC>4,
H2S04

Insol in H2O, but gradually decomp there-
by (fitard, C R 87 602 )

Cr208, CuO, 4S03

Insol in H2O (Recoura, C R 1893, 117
39)

Chromous hydrazine sulphate, CrS04, 2N"2H4j

H2S04

Only si sol in H20 Sol in acids (Traube
B 1913,46 1507)

Chromic hydroxylamine sulphate, Cr2(SO4)3,

tNH2OH)2S04+24H20
Sol in H2O (Meyermgh )

Chromic iron (ferrous) sulphate, Cr2(SO4)s,

2FeS04, H2S04+2H20
As above (fitard, I c )

Chromic iron (feme) sulphate, Cr2(SO4)s,

Fe2(S04)8

Insol m H20 (fitard, C R 86 1399 )
Cr2(SO4)s, Fe2(SO4)3, H2S04 Insol m

H2O (fitard )

Chromic lithium sulphate, Cr2(S04)3, 3Li2S04
Resembles the corresponding K salt ( Wer-
mcke)

Chromic manganous sulphate, Cr2(SO4)s,

3MnS04
(fitard, C R 86 1402 )

Chromic manganic sulphate, Cr2(S04)s,

Mn2(S04)8

Insol m H20 (fitard, C R 86 1399 )
Cr2(S04)a. Mn2(S04)3, 2H2SO4 SI deli-
quescent Sol m H2O with decomp (fitard)

Chromic nickel sulphate, Cr2(S04)3, NiS04,

2H2S04+3H20

Insol in H2O, but gradually decomp there-
by (fitard, C R 87 602 )

Chromous potassium sulphate, CiSO4, K2S04

+6H20

Sol in H2O, less sol m alcohol (Pehgot,
A ch (3) 12 546 )

Chromic potassium sulphate, K2Cr2(S04)4

Anhydrous a Sol in H20 when not heated
over 350°

p Insol in cold H2O and cold acids When
ignited is msol in hot H2O and acids, except
slightly m boiling cone H2S04 (Fischer )

-f 2H2O (?) Insol in cold H2O or dil acids
Sol by long boiling with HsO, and more
quickly when HC1 is added (Hertwig )

+4H2O Is potassium chromosulphate,
which see

+24H2O Chrome-alum Violet modifica-
tion Efflorescent at 29° Sol in 6-7 pts
cold H2O When the H2O solution is heated
to 60-70° it is partially decomp into a green
modification, which is more sol in H2O The
green modification on standing in H2O solu-
tion is very slowly converted back into violet
modification The green modification may
also be formed by heating dry salt to 100 ,
at which temp it melts in its crystal H20
When all crystal H2O has been expelled at
300-350°, it still dissolves m hot HA but
when heated above 350° it becomes insol in
H20 (Lowel, A ch (3) 44 313 )

125 1 g anhydrous, or 243 9 g hydrated
salt, or 0 441 g mols anhydrous salt are sol
in 1 1 H2O at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1901,
26 175)

Melts in crystal H2O at 89° (Tilden,
Chem Soc 46 409)

Sp gr of aqueous solution of violet modi-
fication at 15° containing

5 10 15% K2Cr2(SO4)4-h24H20

1 02725 1 05500 1 08350

Sp gr of sat solution at 15° = 10985

Sp gr of aqueous solution of green modi-
fication at 15° containing

10 20 30% K2Cr2(S04)4+24H20,

1 050 1 103 1 161

40 50 60% K2Cr2(S04)4+24H20,

1 225 1 295 I 371

70 80 90%K2Cr2(S04)4+24H20

1 453 1 541 1 635

(Gerlach, Z anal 28 497 )

Sp gr of chrome-alum solutions at 15°
containing

5 10 15 20 25 %salt,
1 0174 1 0342 1 0524 1 0746 1 1004

30 35 40 45 50 % salt,
1 1274 1 1572 1 1896 1 2352 1 2894

55 60 65 70 % salt
1 3704 1 4566 1 5452 1 6362
(Franz, J pr (2) 6 298 )

Insol in alcohol

3K2S04, Cr2(SO4)3 Insol m H2O, acids, or
dil alkalies Decomp by boiling ^ ith cone
KOH+Aq (Wernicke, Pogg 159 570)

Chromic rubidium sulphate, Rb2Cr2(SO4)4-|-

24H20
bol in H2O (Petersson )

SULPHATE, COBALTOUS

959

Solubility in H20

Solubility in 100 pts H2O at t°, using CoSO4+

Temp

G anhydrous G mols of anhy

7H2O

salt per 1 drous salt per 1

Pt3

Pts

Pts

25°

25 7 0 079

*0

CoSO*

t°

CoS04

t°

CoSO4

30°
35°

31 7 o <m

0

24 6

36

43 5

72

65 0

40°

41 1 0 128

K Q »T A 1 O1

1

25 0

37

44 0

73

65 6

oy / (j 181

2

25 5

38

44 6

74

66 2

Melts in crystal H20 at 107°

3

4

26 0
26 5

39

40

45 2
45 8

75
76

66 8
67 4

(Locke, Am Ch J 1901. 26 180 }

5

27 0

41

46 4

77

68 0

6

27 5

42

47 0

78

68 6

7

28 0

43

47 6

79

69 2

Chrome sodium sulphate, ]STa2Cr2(S04)4-f

8

28 5

44

48 2

80

69 S

10H20

9

29 0

45

48 8

81

70 4

Is sodium chromosulphate, which see
+24H20 More efflorescent than K or

10
11

29 5
30 0

46

47

49 4
50 0

82
83

71 0
71 6

NH4 salt Sol in H20, and properties re-
semble the corresponding K salt

12
13

30 5
31 0

48
49

50 6
51 2

84
85

72 2

72 8

Cr2(SO4)s, 3Na2SO4 Resembles the corre-
sponduig K salt

14
15

31 5
32 0

50
51

51 8
52 4

86
87

73 4
74 0

16

32 5

52

53 0

88

74 6

17

33 0

53

53 6

89

75 2

Chromic thallous sulphate, Tl2Cr2(S04)4-f

18

33 5

54

54 2

90

75 9

24H20

19

34 0

55

54 8

91

76 6

0212 mols

of anhydrous salt are sol in

20

34 5

56

55 4

92

77 2

1 1 H20 at 25

0 1 1 HaO dissolves 104R a

21

35 1

57

56 0

93

77 9

of anhydrous or 163 8 g hydrated salf at
25° Melts in crystal H20 at 92° (Locke,
Am Ch J 1901. 26 175 )

22
23

24

35 6
36 2
36 8

58
59
60

56 6
57 2
57 8

94
95
96

78 6
79 2
79 9

25

37 4

61

58 4

97

80 6

26

38 0

62

59 0

98

81 3

Chromic sulphate chloride, Cr2(S04)2Cl2+

27

38 5

63

59 6

99

81 9

2H20

28

39 1

64

60 2

100

82 6

Slightly hydroscopic Sol in H20 (Schiff ,
A 124 176)

29
30

39 6
40 2

65
66

60 8
61 4

101
102

83 3
S3 9

[CrS04, 5H20,C1 Sol in H,O (Wein-

31

40 7

67

62 0

103

84 6

land, Z anorg

1908,68 176)

32

41 3

68

62 6

104

85 3

33

41 8

69

63 2

105

86 0

34

42 4

70

63 8

106

86 7

Chromyl sulphate, (Cr02)S04

Tk^rt/vtvirv V\tr TT.r\ fDi^^i- ««J T7"«-l "D,,T1

35

42 9

71

64 4

106 4

86 9

Soc 1908, (4) 3 1114) '

Cobaltous sulphate, basic

Ppt Inbol in H20 (Berzelms )

6Co(), SO,H-10H2O (Athanasesco, C R

103 271 )

5CoO, SO,+4HO Ppt Very si sol in

H/) (Hdlxrminn, M Ch 5 432)

Cobaltous sulphate, CoS04
100 pts H2O dissolve at
3° 10° 20° 24° 29°
262 305 364 389 40 pts anhydrous salt,

35° 44° 50° 60° 70°
46 3 50 4 55 2 60 4 65 7 pts anhydrous salt

(Tobler, A 95 193)

100 pts H2O at 11-14° dissolve 23 88 pts
anhydrous salt (v Eauer, J pr 103 114 )

(Mulder, calculated from his o\\n and Tob-
ler's determinations, Scheik Verhandel 1864
68)

100 g H20 dissolve 37 8 g CoS04 at 25°
(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1910, 71 430 )

See also -f 7H20

Sp gr ofCoSO4+Aqatt° S=pts CoSO4m
100 pts solution, Si = molb CoS04inlOO
mols of solution

S

Si

Sp gr

6 8910
5 8140
4 7095
3 5792
2 4273
1 2099

0 852
0 711
0 570
0 429
0 288
0 141

1 0765
1 0641
1 0517
1 0392
1 0263
1 0131

(Charp>, \ ch (6) 29 26)

960

SULPHATE, COBALTOCOBALTIC

Sp gr of CoSO4-f Aq at room temp con-
taining

7 239 14 156 21 167% CoSO4
1 0860 1 1591 1 2398
(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 269 )

Sp gr of CoSO4-KAq at 25°

t°

g CoS04

t°

g CoSO4

t°

g CoS04

0
5
10

25 53

28 05
30 55

15
20
25

33 045
36 21
39 35

30
35

40

42 26
45 80
48 85

Concentration of CoSO<
+Aq

Sp gr

1-nonnal

Vr "
Vr- "
Vs- "

10750
1 0383
1 0193
1 0110

(Koppel, Z phys Ch 1905, 62 395 )

M -pt of CoS04+7H20 = 96-98° (Tilden,
Chem Soc 46 409 )

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 6 37 )

100 pts sat solution of CoSO4 and CuSO4
contain 22 70 pts of the two salts

Solubility of CoS04, 7H2O-f Na2S04, 10H2O
in H20 at t° 100 g H2O dissolve grams
CoS04 and grams Na2SO4

t°

grams CoSO4

grams NaaSO*

0
5
10

21 855
23 94
25 41

10 07
13 155
16 665

(Koppel, Z phys Ch 1905, 62 396 )
See also under CoNa2(SO4)2-J-4H20

Insol in liquid NH8 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 827 )

HC2H802ppts it completely from CoS04+
Aq (Persoz )

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
1 04 pts CoSO4 at 18° (de Bruyn, Z phvs
Ch 10 784)

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
545 pts CoS04+7H20 at 18°, 100 pts ab-
solute methyl alcohol dissolve 42 8 pts CoSO4
•f 7H2O at 3°, 100 pts 93 5% methyl alcohol
dissolve 133 pts CoS04+7H2O at 3°,100
pts 50% methyl alcohol dissolve 1 8 pts
CoSO4+7H2O at 3°

100 pts absolute ethyl alcohol dissolve 2 5
ts CoS04-j-7H2Oat3° (de Bruyn, Z phys
10 786)

100 g solution m glycol contain 2 5 g
(de Comnck, Bull Ac Belg 1905

pts
Ch

CoS04
359)

Insol in benzomtrile
47 1370)

Insol m ethyl acetate
1904,37 3602)

-f-H2O bl sol in cold, and only ver\
slowly sol m hot H2O (Vortmann, B 15
1888)

-h4H20
92)

H-6H20 (Mangnac )

(Naumann, B 1914,

(Naumann, B

(Frohde, Arch Pharm (2) 127

+7H2O Sol in 24 pts cold H20 Insol
in alcohol (Persoz )

Solubility of CoSO4-f 7H2O in H2O at t°
100 g H2O dissolve grams CoSO4

Cobaltocobalfcc sulphate, Co208, 6CoO, S03-f

15H2O

Precipitate Insol in boiling CoSO4+Aq
or NH4OH-f Aq (Gentele, J pr 69 130 )

Cobalfac sulphate, Co2(S04)3+18H20

Sol in H20 with immediate decomp and
liberation of 0 Sol in dil H2SO4-f-Aq with-
out immediate decomp Sol in cone HNOS,
H2SO4, or HC2H302+Aq (Marshall, Chem
Soc 59 760)

Cobaltous cupnc sulphate, 2CoSO4, CuSO4-f-
21H2O

Easily sol m H2O (v Hauer, Pogg 126
637)

+36H2O (Liebig )

2CoS04, 2CuS04, H2SO4 (Etaid )

Cobaltous cupnc magnesium potassium zinc
sulphate, CoS04, CuSO4, MgSO4,
4K2S04, ZnS04+24H2O (?)
Sol in HoO (Vohl )

Cobaltous cupnc potassium sulphate, CoSOi,
CuS04, 2K2S04+12H20 (?)

Sol in H20 (Vohl )

Does not exist (Aston and Pickcnng,
Chem Soc 49 123)

Cobaltous hydrazine sulphate. CoH (SO4)2,

2N2H4

1 pt is sol m 305 16 pts H2O at 12° Sol
in HNOa with decomp Insol in HC1
(Curtius, J pr 1894, (2) 50 331 )

Cobaltous iron (ferrous) potassium sulphate,

CoS04, Fe2S04, 2K2S04-f 1211 O
Sol m H2O (Vohl, A 94 57 )
2CoS04, 2FeS04, H2SO4 (Ctard )

Cobaltous magnesium sulphate. 3CoSO4.

MgS04+28H2O
Easily sol in H2O (Wmkelblech )

SULPHATE HYDRAZINE, COBALTOTJS

961

Cobaltous magnesium potassium sulphate.
CoS04, MgS04, Kja>4+12BM> P '
Sol mH20 (Vohl,A 94 57)
Does not exist tAston and Pickering
Chem Soc 49 123)

Cobaltous manganous potassium sulphate,
CoSO*, MnS04, 2K2S04+12H20
Sol in H20 (Vohl, A 94 57 )

Solubility of CoNao(SO«) a, 4H20 in H20 at t°
100 g H2O dissolve grams CoS04 and
grams Na2S04

t°

g CoS04

g Na.SO4

20
25
30
35
40

26 65
25 365
23 13
22 55
20 975

24 91
23 325
21 61
20 85
20 055

laltous nickel potassium sulphate.
NiS04, 2K2S04H-12H;20
Sol in H2O (Vohl, A 94 57 )
Does not exist (Thomson, Rep Bnt
Assn Adv Sci 1877 209 )

Cobaltous potassium sulphate, CoS04,

Less sol in H2O than CoS04
100 pts H20 dissolve at
0° 12° 15° 20° 25°
19 1 30 32 5 39 4 45 3 pts anhydrous salt,

30° 35° 40° 49°
51 9 55 4 64 6 81 3 pts anhydrous salt
(Tobler, A 96 126 )

100 pts saturated solution contain at
20° 40° 60° 80°
14 195 244 31 8 pts anhydrous salt
(v Hauer, J pr 74 433 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 1288 g anhydrous
salt at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902,27 459)

Cobaltic potassium sulphate, K2Co2(S04)4+

24H20

Sol m H2O with decomp (Marshall,
Chem Soc 59 760)

Cobaltous potassium zinc sulphate, CoS04,

2KjS04, ZnSO4+12H20
Sol in H20 (Vohl, A 94 57 )

Cobaltous rubidium sulphate, CoS04, Rb2S04
4-6H20

Sol mJI2O (lutton)

1 1 If O dissolves 92 8 g anhydrous salt
at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27 459 )

Cobaltic rubidium sulphate, Rb2Co2(S04)2 +

24II,O

Decomp by H,0 Sol in dil HC1 and
H^SO4 Decomp by cone HC1 or H2SO4
(Howe and O'Neal, J Am Chem Soc 1898,

Melts m crystal H20 at 47° (Locke, Am
Ch J 1901,26 183)

Cobaltous sodium sulphate, CoNa2(S04)2-h
4H2O

t°

C?S04

NalsO*

t°

CoSCh

Nj?SO<

18 5
20
25

28 61
29 42
30 73

23 82
23 015
20 575

30
35
40

32 695
34 065
35 01

18 17
15 61
13 715

(Koppel, Z phys Ch 1905, 52 397 )

Solubility of CoNa2(SO4)2, 4H 0+CoSO4,
7H20 in H20 at t° 100 g H2O dissolve
grams CoSO4 and grams Na2SO4

(Koppel, Z phys Ch 1905,52 397)

Solubility of CoNa2(S04)2, 4H20+NaSO4,
10H20 ui H20 at t° 100 g H20 dissolve
grams CoSO4 and grams Na2S04

t°

g CoSO4

g NasSO*

18 5
20
25
30

25 50
23 18
16 07
9 20

25 65
27 26
35 18

43 74

(Koppel )

Solubility of CoNa2(S04), 4H2O+Na2S04
(anhydrous) in H2O at t° 100 g H2O
dissolve grams CoSO4 and grams Na2SO4

t°

g Co^Ch

g Na SO*

35
40

7 204
7 456

50 79
50 095

(Koppel )
See also CoSO.+Na^SCh under CoS04

Cobaltous zinc sulphate

Efflorescent Decomp on air (Link,
Crell Ann 1790, 1 32 )

Cobaltous sulphate ammonia, CoS04, 6NHs
Sol in H2Q with separation of ppt (Rose,

Pogg 20 152) Very easily sol mNH4OH+

Aq (Fremy )
Decomp by alcohol

Cobaltous sulphate hydrazme, CoSO4,

Insol ni H2O Decomp by boiling with
H20 Very sol in dil acids and NH4-j-Aq
(Franzen, Z anorg 1908, 60 272 )

962

SULPHATE HYDROXYLAMINE, COBALTOUS

Cobaltous sulphate hydroxylanune, CoS04,

NH2OH+2H20

Insol in cold, sol in hot H20 with decomp
(Feldt, B 1894, 27 403 )

Coltunbmm sulphate
Sol inHaQ (Blomstrand)

Cuprous sulphate, Cu2S04

Decomp by H20 Sol in cone HC1, in
ammonia and si sol in glacial acetic acid
(Recoura, C R 1909, 148 1107 )

Cupnc sulphate, basic, lOCuO, S08
(Pickering, Chem Soc 1907, 91 1984 )
8CuO, S03+12H20 Ppt (Kane, A ch

72 269 )

5CuO, S08+6H20 Ppt (Smith, Phil

Mag J 23 196 )
4CuO, SO3+3H20 Insol in H20 (Rou-

cher, J Pharm (3) 37 50 )

Min Brochantite Sol ui acids and

NH4OH+Aq

+3MH20 Insol ni H20 Easily sol in

dil acids., even HC2H302+Aq SI sol ni
, A« T^^I 1T, iMoO (Cas-

) (Proust ) Sol
xd more easily in NH^Cl,
(Lea)

___ 2*j dissolves 0 017 g (Pickering.
O JNI 1883, 47 182 )
+5H20 Mm Langite
+16H20 (Andre, C R 100 1138)
7CuO, 2S08+ 5H20 (Renidel, J pr 100

+6H2O Wholly msol in cold or hot H20
(Habermann, M Ch 5 432 )

+7H2O Insol in H20, easily sol m acids
Insol in boilnig CuS04+Aq (Reindel )

3CuO, S03+l J^H20 Insol in H20, easily
sol m acids (Stemmann, B 15 1412 )

+2H20 Insol in H20, sol m dil H2SO4+
Aq (Shenstone, Chem Soc 47 375 )

+ 2J^H20 (Remdel, J pr 102 204 )

+4H2O Insol m H20 (Grimbert and
BarrS, J Pharm (5) 21 414 )

5CuO, 2S08+3H20 (Wibel, Dissert
1864 )

HCuO, 4S08+8H2O (Clowes, C N
1898, 78 155 )

8CuO, 3S08-f-10H2O (Marchlewski and
Sachs, Z anorg 1892, 1 405 )

7CuO, 3S08-hl2H2O (fitard, C R 1887,
104 1615)

5CuO, 2SOS+5H20 (Sabatier, Gm K
6 1,839)

6H20 Mm Armmite (Weisbach, J B
1886 2253)

2CuO, S03 Decomp by cold H20 mto
CuS04 and 4CuO, SO3 (Roucher )

Insol in H20 Decomp by hot H20
Sol in dil acids (Pozzi-Escot. Bull Soc
1913 (4) 13 816 )

According to Pickering (C N 47 181) only

3CuO, S08+2^H20 and 4CuO, S08+4H20
are true chemical compounds

There is at 25° no definite basic sulphate of
copper, all the basic sulphates being solid
solutions The solutions in contact with
these basic sulphates contain S08 and CuO
in equivalent quantities and are all si acid
in reaction (Bell, J phys Chem 1908, 12
179)

Cupnc sulphate, CuS04

Anhydrous Absorbs H2O from the air
Combines with, and dissolves in H20 with
great evolution of heat

+H20 Permanent Sol mH20 (fitard,
C R 87 602)

+2H20 (?) (Storer's Diet )

+3H2O (Etard, C B 104 1614 )

Does not exist (Cross, C N 49 220 )

See Foote, p 965

+5H20 Superficially efflorescent in dry

Sol in 2 34 pts HaO at 18° and sat solution has sp
gr 12147 (Schiff A 109 326)

100 pts CuSCh+Aqsat at b pt 1022 contain 45
pts of the dry salt or 100 pts HaO at 102 2° dissolve
81 82 pts CuSO* (Griffiths Q J Sci 18 90 )

Sol in less than 4 pts HsO at ord temp and much
more sol in boiling HaO (Bergmann )

Sol m 4 pts cold and 2 pts hot HaO (Schubarth )

100 pts H2O dissolve 33 103 pts CufeC^+SHaO at
15° and solution has sp gr =1 1859 (Michel and
Krafft A ch (3) 41 478 )

CuS04+Aq sat at 8° has 1 17 sp ^r (\nthon A
24 210)

1 pt CuSO4 +5H2O dissolves at

4° 19 31° 375° )0°

m 3 32 2 71 1 84 17 1 14 pts H 0

625° 75 875° 100° 101°
in 1 27 107 0 7o 0 5j 047 pis HO
(Btindcs and C runcr 1826 )

Sol at 17 5 m 2 412 pth H () (K n I n )

100 pts H20 dissolve at
9° 10° 20° 30°
3161 3695 4231 48 81 pts CuSO4+5H2O,

40° 50° 60° 70°
5690 6583 7739 94 60 pts CuS04+5H2O,

80° 90° 100°

11803 15644 203 32 pts CuSO44-5H«O
(Poggiale, A ch (3) 8 463 )

100 pts H20 dissolve at
0° 20° 35° 54°

17 24 3 28 6 36 1 pts anhydrous CuS04
(Tobler, A 95 193 )

100 pts CuSO4+Aq sit U 11-14° contain
16 23 pts anhydrous CuS04 (v Hauer, J
pr 103 114)

100 pts H20 dissolve 15 107 pts CuS04 at
0° (Pfaff, A 99 224 )

SULPHATE, CUPRIC

963

100 pts H20 dissolve pts CuSO4 at t°

t°

Pts CuS04

0
17 9
24 1

14 99
20 16
22 37

(Diacon, J B 1866 61 )

100 pts H2O dissolve pts CuSO4 at t°

to

Pts

Pts

Pts

CuSO4

t

CuSO*

t°

CuS04

0

14 15

40

28 50

80

54 53

10

17 50

50

33 31

90

64 35

20

20 53

60

39 01

100

75 22

30

24 34

70

45 74

(Patrick and Aubert, Tiansactions of Kansas

Acad ofSci 1874 19)

Solubility in 100 pts H20 at t°

to

Pts

Pts

Pts

CuSO4

t°

CuSO*

t°

CuSO*

0

15 5

35

27 5

70

45 7

1

16 3

36

27 9

71

46 4

2

Ib b

37

28 3

72

47 2

3

16 9

38

28 7

73

47 9

4

17 2

39

29 1

74

48 7

5

17 5

40

29 5

75

49 5

6

17 &

41

29 9

76

50 3

7

IS 1

42

30 3

1 77

51 1

8

18 1

43

30 7

78

51 9

9

IS 7

44

31 1

79

52 7

10

19 1

45

31 5

1 80

53 5

11

19 3

46

31 9

81

54 3

12

19 b

47

32 3

S2

55 1

U

19 9

48

32 7

83

55 9

14

20 2

49

33 2

84

56 8

15

20 5

50

33 6

85

57 8

16

20 8

51

34 1

8b

58 7

17

2i 1

52

o4 5

S7

59 7

IS

21 4

5>

35 0

1 88

60 7

19

21 7

54

35 5

89

01 7

20

22 0

55

30 0

90

02 7

21

22 i

5b

30 0

91

b3 7

22

22 (>

57

37 2

1 92

0* S

23

23 0

58

37 S

: 93

b5 8

24

2i 3

59

iS 4

1 94

bb 9

25

2\ 1

()()

39 0

95

68 0

20

21 0

01

>9 0

9o

09 1

27

24 4

(>2

10 2

97

70 2

28

21 7

03

40 9

98

71 3

29

25 1

04

41 5

99

72 4

30

25 5

05

42 2

100

73 5

31

25 9

06

42 9

101

74 6

32

2b 3

07

43 0

102

75 7

33

26 7

68

44 3

103

76 8

34

27 1

09

45 0

104

77 95

(Mulder, Scheik Verhandel 1864 79 )

If solubility S=pts anhydrous CuS04 in
100 pts solution. 8 = 116+0 2614t from -2°
to 55°, S-265-K)3700t from 55° to 105°,
S -45 0 -0 0293t from 105° to 190° (fitard,
C B 104 1614)

Solubility decreases above 120°, owing to
formation of basic bait (Tilden and Shen-
stone. Phil Trans 1884 23 )

100 ccm H2O dissolve 14 92 g CuSO4 at 0°
(Engel, C B 102 113 )

100 ccm H2O dissolve 22 28-22 30 g CuSO4
at 20° (Trevor, Z phys Ch 7 468)

Sat CuSO4-f-Aq contains % CuSO4 at t°

t°

% CuSCU

t°

% CuSO4

^

12 1

88

38 8

+7

14 1

89

38 9

9

14 5

94

41 8

18

16 9

96

41 9

20

17 2.

97

42 0

20

17 4

100

43 6

35

21 3

108

43 8

39

21 8

110

43 4

45

23 9

116

43 8

54

26 9

116

44 0

54

26 6

120

44 8

61

28 8

132

44 8

63

29 1

133

44 7

65

30 0

143

45 0

70

31 6

160

44 2

71 7

32 6

165

41 5

76

34 5

179

42 9

80

3b 6

189

42 2

86

37 8

(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 551)

Solubility in H2O at t°

t

g CuSO, per 10) {,

ii o

0
10
15
20
25

14 15

17 68
19 25
20 78
22 29

(by intupolition)

(Cohen, Z phys Ch 1907, 60 71 >)

1399 mol are sol in 1 1 HA> at 25°
(Herz, Z anorg 1910, 67 36b )

100 g CuS04+Aq sat at 30° contain 20 32
anhyd CuS04 (Schrememakers, Z phys
Ch 1910,71 110)

+7H2O (Boisbaudran, C R 66 1249 )

+6H20 OBoisbaudian, C R 66 4S7 )

964

SULPHATE, CUPRIC

Sp gr of CuSO4+Aq at 18°
CuSO4+5H20

%

Sp gr

%

Sp gr

%

Sp gr

1

1 0063

11

1 0716

21

1 1427

2

1 0126

12

1 0785

22

1 1501

3

1 0190

13

1 0854

23

1 1585

4

1 0254

14

1 0923

24

1 1659

5

1 0319

15

1 0993

25

1 1738

6

1 0384

16

1 1063

26

1 1817

7

1 0450

17

1 1135

27

1 1898

8

1 0516

18

1 1208

28

1 1980

9

1 0582

19

1 1281

29

1 2063

10

1 0649

20

1 1354

30

1 2146

(Schiff, calculated by Gerlach, Z anal 8 288 )

Sp gr of CuSO4+Aq at 23 9° a = no of 1A
mols in grms dissolved in 1000 gnus
H2O, b=sp gr if aisCuS04=5H20 (Ji
mol wt =125), c = sp gr if a is CuS04
(y2 mol wt =80)

a

b

c

1
2
3

1 076
1 142
1 200

1 080
1 154
1 225

(Favre and Valson, C R 79 968 )

Sp gi of CuSO4H-Aq at 15°
% = %CuS04+5H20

%

Sp gr

%

Sp gr

5

1 0335

20

1 1443

10

1 0688

25

1 1848

15

1 1060

mother
liquor

1 185

(Gerlach, Dmgl 181 131 )

Sp gr of CuSO4+Aq at 18°

Sp gr of CuS04-f-Aq at room temp

% CuS04

6 79
12 57
17 49

Sp gr

1 055
1 1151
1 1635

(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 265 )

Sp gr of CuS04+Aqat25°

Concentration of CuS O*
+Aq

Sp gr

1-normal

1 0790

Vr- "

1 0402

l/4- "

1 0205

Vr- "
Vu- "

1 0103
1 0050

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 38 )

B -pt CuSO4+Aq containing pts CuS04 to
100 pts H20

B pt

Pts CuSO4

B pt

Pts CuSO4

100 5°
101 0
101 5
102 0
102 5

21 3
36 9
48 0
56 2
63 0

103 0°
103 5
104 0
104 2

69 0

74 9
80 1
82 2

(Gerlach, Z anal 26 434 )

Sat CuSO4-fAq boils at 102 2°, and con-
tains 818 pts Ou&O4 to 100 pts H2O
(Griffiths )

Crust forms at 102 3°, and solution contains
60 3 pts CuS04 to 100 pt& H20, highest temp
observed, 104 8° (Gerlach, Z, anal 26 426 )

Sol in HCl+Aq, causing a* reduction of
temperature of about 17°

% CuSO4

Sp gr

% CuSO4

Sp gr

Very si sol in cone Ji2SU4 (Scnulz )
Solubility in H2SO4+Aq it 0°

5

10

1 0513
1 1073

15

17 5

1 1675
1 2003

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

Sp gr of CuSO4+Aq at 0° b=pts CuS04
in 100 pts solution

G per 100 t H2()

^P ^r

H2S04

Cub()4

0 00
2 03
7 16
15 20
26 57
27 57
35 2

14 85
14 29
15 65
9 90
6 43
6 19
3 99

1 144
1 143
1 158
1 170
1 195
1 211
1 224

S

Sp gr

S

Sp gr

11 9315
9 8159

7 5474

1 1371
1 1108
1 0833

5 2181
2 6460

1 0578
1 0290

(Charpy, A ch (6) 29 26 )

(Engel, C R 1887, 104 507 )

SULPHATE, CTJPBIC

965

Solubility in H2SO4-hAq at 25°

Solubility of CuSO4 in CuCl2+Aq at 30°

Solution

Solid phase

% CuCls

% CuSO4

Solid phase

Sp gr

% CuO

%S08

0
6 58
15 68
25 67
39 48
42 47
43 25
43 95

20 32
13 62
8 93
4 77
3 21
2 90
1 14
0

CuSO4, 5HLO
ft

c
ct
tl

CuSO4, 5H20 4-CuCla, 2H20
CuCl2, 2H20

1 2142
1 2248
1 2593
1 2934
1 4061
1 4256

1 4249
1 4516
1 4915
1 5124
1 5408
1 5643
1 6824
1 7752
1 8118
1 8266

9 17
5 91
3 39
1 82
1 32

1 38
1 02

0 38
0 368
0 109
0 105
0 15
0 07

9 26
15 90
23 09
28 75
39 74
41 29

41 04
43 63
47 82
49 07
51 46
53 51
62 14
68 34
72 41
74 26

CuS04+5H2O

CuSQ4+5HsO and
CuS04+3H20

CuS04+3H2O

CuS04+H2O
CuS04

(Schrememakers, Arch Ne'er Sci 1910, (2)
15 117)

Solubility of CuSO4 in LaCl+Aq at 25°
Solid phase, CuS04,5H20
(G mols per 1 of solution )

LiCl

CuS04

0
0 73
1 40
2 83

1 399
1 257
1 176
1 067

These results show that the hydrates of
CuS04 which are stable at 25° are CuSO4-h
5H2O,+3H2Oand+H20

(Bell and Taber, J phys Chem 1908, 12
175 )

(Herz, Z anorg 1910, 67 366 )

Solubility in H2S04+Aq at 25°

Solubility of CuS04 m KCl+Aq at 25°
Solid phase, CuSO4+5H2O
(G mols per 1 of solution )

Solution contains

Solid phase

% CuSO

% H2S04

KCl

CuSO*

18 47
12 62
5 92
3 25
2 63
2 59
2 83
2 83
2 84
2 70
2 19
2 11
2 15
0 95
0 17
0 15
0 19
0 44
0 42
0 40
0 19

none
11 14
25 53

36 77
42 15
47 66
49 00
49 20
49 29
50 23
54 78
55 81
55 60
61 79
77 93
83 29
85 4(>
85 72
85 81
86 04
92 70

CuSO4+5H2O

CuS04+5H20 and
CuSO4+3H2O

\ CuSO4+3H2O

1 CuR04+3H20 and
| CuS04+H2O

CuS04-f-H2O

1 GuSO4+H20 and
Cub04

j CufeO4

0 56
1 17
2 34

1 496
1 561
1 819

(Herz)

Solubility of CuSO4 in NaCl+Aq at 25°
Solid phase, CuSO4+5H20
(G mols per 1 of solution )

NaCl

Oi^Oi

0
0 36
1 32
2 53

1 399
1 404
1 426
1 507

(Herz )

These results show that the hydrates of
CuSO4 which are stable at 25° are CuSO4+
5H»O,+3HjOand+H,0
(Foote, J Am Chem Soc 1915, 37 290

SI sol m sat NH4Cl-|-Aq, with separation
of a double sulphate

Solubility of CuS04 in RbCl-j-Aq at 25°,
containing 1 094 g mols per 1=1 568 g
mols (Herz )

Slowly sol in sat KN08+Aq, with sep-
aration of a double sulphate

Very slowly sol in sat NaNO8+Aq, with
separation of a double sulphate (Karsten,
Berl Abhandl 1840 10)

966

SULPHATE, CUPBIC

Solubility of CuS04 m (NH4)2S04+Aq at 0°

g per 100 cc
solution

Sp gr

g p r 100 cc
solution

Sp gr

O
cr

6

Q
03

5

I

3

I

^

0
3 61
4 63
4 90

14 79
16 09
8 38
7 26

1 144
1 190
1 108
1 099

5 59
7 51
12 31
20 65

5 13
2 P5

0 94
0 80

1 081
1 071
1 082
1 116

(Engel, C R 1886, 102 114 )
See also under (NH4)2S04
Solubility of CuS04 in Li2S04+Aq at 30°

Composition of the

solution

S lid h

%bywt

% bv wt

p ase

CuSO4

LisS04

20 32

0

CuSO4. 5H20

17 50

3 54

u

16 10

6 08

1

13 55

11 94

c

12 14

15 72

i

11 04

17 92

<

10 05

20 55

CuSO4, 5H2O+Li2SO4, H2O

10 08

20 51

c '

10 07

20 49

1

6 41

22 23

Li2SO4. H2O

3 39

23 59

ic

0

25 24

i

(Schrememakers, Z phvs Ch 1909, 66 692 )

Sol in CuCl2, (NH4)2S04, JNTH4Cl+Aq at
30° (Schrememakers, Z phys Ch 1909. 69
565)

Sol in (NH4)2S04, Li2S04+Aq at 30°
(Schrememakers, Z phys Ch 1909, 66 694 )

100 pts sat solution of CuS04 and FeS04
contain 1743 pts of the salts at 11-14°
(v Hauer, J pr 103 114 )

100 pts H20 dissolye 1085 pts CuS04,
17 47 pts MgS04, and 5 78 pts Na2S04 at 0°
(Diacon )

100 pts H2O dissolve 7 169 pts CuS04,
21 319 pts MgSO4, and 6^30 pts Na2S04 at
0° (Plaff)

Slowly and si sol in sat MgS04-f-Aq
(Karsten)

Solubility of CuSO4 in H2O in presence of
MgS04 100 pts H20 dissolve—

No

CuS04

MgS04

No

CuS04

MgSO4

1
2
3
4

0
2 64
4 75
9 01

26 37
25 91
25 30
23 54

5
6

7

12 03
13 61
14 99

15 67
8 64
0

In 1, 2, and 3, MgS04 was in excess and given
amt CuSO4 added, m 4, both CuS04 and

MgS04 were in excess, in 5, 6, and 7, CuSO4
was in -excess (Diacon, I c )

100 pts sat solution of CuSO4 and MgSO4
contain 2858 pts of the salts at 11-14°
(v Hauer, J pr 103 114 )

100 pts sat solution of CuS04 and MnSO4
contain 3790 pts of the salts at 11-14°
(v Hauer)

Solubility of CuS04-f MnSO4 in H2O at 25a

G per 100 g H2O

20 2

19 76
13 65
11 61

MnS04

0

3 69
31 52
39 41

G per 100 g H20

CuSOi

9 39
6 47
3 01
0 0

MnS04

46 77
53 39
58 93
61 83

(Stortenbecker Z phys Ch 1900, 34 112 )

100 pts sat solution of CuS04 and
contain 3103 pts of the salts at 1U4°
(v Hauer)

Solubility of CuS04+NiS04 in H20

g per 100 g HaO

35

67

9 62

41 66

75 39

106 40

172 0

186 9

20 04

66 01

88 08

147 94

249 9

NiS04

583 9

484 4
553 5
506 5

483 8

468 8

729 3
706 2
501 6
675 0

747 8

Mol % CuS04

Solution

1 57

7 69

11 66

16 92

25 6

27 90

2 65

8 31
13 55
16 39

24 46

Solid
phase

0 35
2 12

4 77

6 52

13 88

f!8 77

194 91

0 93

2 86

3 92
6 66

23 32

(Fock, Z Kryst Mm 1897,28 387)

More easily sol m sat K2S04+Aq than in
Na2SO4 or MgS04+Aq, forming a double
sulphate, which separates out (Karsten )

K2S04 and CuS04 mutually displace each
other m saturated solutions (Rudorff, Pogg
148 555)

When K2S04 and CuS04, both in excess,
are dissolved in H20, a maximum of solubility
of 15 61 pts of the two salts in 100 pts H20
at 25° is reached in 30 minutes, after which
the solubility decreases This result is ob-
tained either by treating excess of the two
salts with H20 at 25°, or cooling solutions
of the two salts sat at higher temp to 25°
The salts are in the proportion of 52 pts
K2S04 to 10 4 pts CuS04 If present in the
same proportion as in then* saturated solu-
tions, 5 41 pts K2SO4 to 10 13 pts CuSO4
would be required

SULPHATE, CUPRIC

967

If sat solution of one salt is added to sat
solution of the other, K2Cu(S04)2+6H20
separates, as it is less sol than either simple
salt, until a state of equihbnum is reached,
after which there is no separation, contrary to
Rudorff (see above) (Trevor, Z phys
Ch 7 " %

CuS04+Na2S04

Solubility of CuSC>4 m presence of
at 0° 100 pts H2O dissolve

No

CuS04

Na2S04

No

CuS04

NaaSOi

1

0

4 53

5

15 84

3 55

2

6 01

5 34

6

15 33

1 98

3

9 81

5 73

7

14 99

0

4

16 67

6 48

In 1, 2, and 3. Na2S04 was m excess and
given amt CuS04 added, in 4, both CuS04
and Na2S04 were in excess, in 5, 6, and 7,
CuS04 was m excess and Na2S04 added
(Diacon, J B 1866 61 )

100 pts H20 dissolve 8 038 pts CuS04and
6 31 pts Na2S04 at 0° (Pfaff, A 99 224 )

100 pts H20 dissolve 20 7 pts CuS04 and
15 9 pts Na2S04 at 15° (Rudorff, B 6 484 )

Solubility of CuS04+Na2S04

1 Solid phase, 3 mol CuSO4+l mol
Na2S04

2 Solid phase, 1 mol CuSO4+l mol
Na2S04

3 Solid phase, 1 mol CuS04-f-3 mol
NaoS04

(G m 100 g H20 )

t

i

2

3

CuSOi

NaSOi

CuSOi

NaS04

CuS04

Na SOi

10
15
30
50

1975
2069
2203
3237

1249
1588
1636
1175

1970
2075
2100
3145

1250
1590
2014
1341

1969
2070
1528
2876

1255
1592
2270
1525

(Massol and Maldes, C R 1901, 133 287 )
Solubility of CuS04> 5H20-fNa2SO4, 10H2O

t°

% CllS()4

% N i/U) 4

0

13 40

6 23

12

14 83

9 82

15

15 00

(Koppel, Z phys Ch 1903, 42 8 )
S<e aho under CuNa2(S04)2+6H20

CuS04+ZnS04

Very slowly sol m sat ZnS04+Aq, form-
ing a double salt which separates (Karsten )

100 pts sat solution of CuS04 and ZnS04
contain 3270 pts of the salts at 11-14°
(v Hauer)

Solubility of CuSO4+ZnSO4 in H2O at 25°

Mols per 100

Mols per 100

mols HaO

mols H2O

Cu

Zn

Cu

Zn

2 28

0

0 82

5 03

1 83

2 08

0 51

5 59

1 41

3 60

0 30

5 56

1 19

5 01

0 00

6 42

1 86

3 36

1 19

5 01

1 22

4 45

0 51

5 59

1 01

4 72

0 267

5 77

0 00

5 94

(Stortenbecker, Z phys Ch 1897, 22 62)

(Franklin, Am Ch
(Buchner, Z phys

Insol in liquid NHs
J 1898;20 827)

Insol in liquid CC>2
Ch 1906, 54 674 )

100 pts of a sat solution in 40% alcohol
contains 0 25 pt CuS04+5H20, 20% alcohol,
3 1 pts , 10% alcohol, 13 3 pts (Sohiff, A
118 362)

Anhydrous CuS04 is sol in absolute
methyl alcohoL but insol in absolute ethyl
alcohol CuS04+oxE20 is insol in methyl
or ethyl alcohol (Klepl, J pr (2) 26 526 )

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve

I 05 pts anhydrous CuSO4 at 18°

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
156 pts CuS04-h5H20 at 18°, 100 pts
93 5% methyl alcohol dissolve 0 93 pt
CuSO4+5H20 at 18°, 100 pts 50% methyl
alcohol dissolve 04 pt CuSO4+5H20 at
18°, 100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dis-
solve 13 4 pts CuS04+5H2O at 3°

100 pts absolute ethyl alcohol dissolve 1 1
pts CuS04+5H2O at 3° (de Bruyn, Z
phys Ch 10 786)

Methyl alcohol dissolves 11 5% CuS04+
5H2O at 0° (Auger, C R 1906, 142 1272 )

Glacial acetic acid precipitates CuSO4 com-
pletely from CuSO4-t-Aq

100 g 95% formic acid dissolve 005 g
CuS04+5H2O at 18 5° (Aschan, Ch Ztg
1913,37 1117)

Sol m glycerine (Pelouze), picolme (Unver-
dorben)

100 g glycerine dissolve 36 3 g CuS04-f
5H2O at 15-16° (Ossendowski, Pharm J
1907, 79 575 )

100 g glycerine dissolve 30 0 g CuS04 at
15 5°

100 g solution of CuS04 in glycol contain
7 6 g at 14 6° (de Coninck, Bull Ac Belg
1905 257)

Anhydrous CuS04 is insol in acetone
(Krug and M'Elroy, J Anal Ch 6 184 )

Insol m acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,

II 1014), methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910, 43 314), benzonitnle (Naumann,
B 1914, 47 1370 )

Mm Chalcanthite

968

SULPHATE, CUPRJC GLUCINUM

Cupnc glucmum sulphate, CuS04, 4G1S04+

20H20

Sol in H2O (Klatzo, J B 1868 205 )
Does not exist (Mangnac, A ch (4) 30

46 )

9CuSO4, G1SO4+50H20 As above
Does not exist (Mangnac, I c )

Cupnc hydrazine sulphate, CuH2 (864)2,
2N2H4

1 pt is sol ni 1148 pts H20 at 10°

Decomp by acids

Sol in ^iH4OH+Aq with decomp (Cur-
tius, J pr 1894, (2) 60 331 )

Cupnc iron (ferrous) sulphate, CuS04, FeSO4

Insol in H20 (fitard, C R 87 602 )

+2H20 (fitard )

CuSO4, 2FeS04+21H2O Sol m H20 (v
Hauer )

CuSO4, 3FeS04+28H20 100 pts H2O dis-
solve 75 pts salt at 7° (Lefort >

4CuSO4, FeS04+34H2O 100 pts H2O at
15 5° dissolve 75 91 pts (Thomson )

Cupnc iron (feme) sulphate, CuSO4, Fe2(S04)3
-f-24H20

Sol m H20 (Bastick )

Cupnc iron (ferrous) potassium sulphate,

CuSO4 FeS04, 2K2S04+12H2O
Sol mH2O (Vohl)

Cupnc lead sulphate, CuO, PbO, SOg+H2O

Mm Linante

3CuO, 7PbO, 5S03+5H2O Mm Caledon-
^te Sol inHNOa-fAq

Cupnc magnesium sulphate, CuSO4| MgSO4
H-14H20

Efflorescent Sol in H2O (Vohl, A 94
57)

+2H2O (Arrot, 1834 )

CuSO4,2MgS04-f21H20 Sol mH20 (v
Hauer, Pogg 125 638 )

CuSO4, 7MgSO4+56H20 Sol m H2O
(Schiff, A 107 64 )

Cupnc magnesium roanganous potassium
sulphate, CuS04, MgS04, MnSO4,
3K2S04+18H2O
Sol mH20 (Vohl)

Cupnc magnesium potassium sulphate,
CuS04, MgS04, 2K2S04-f 6H20

Sol mH2O (Vohl, A 94 57)

Does not exist (Aston and Pickering,
Chem Soc 49 123 )

Cupnc magnesium potassium zinc sulphate,
CuS04; Mg04, 3K2S04, ZnS04+18H20
Sol inH20 (Vohl)

Cupnc manganous sulphate, 5CuSO4,

2MnSO4+35H2O

Sol m H20 (Schauffele, J B 1862 340 )
2CuS04, 3MnSO4 -f-25H2O As above (S )
CuS04, MnS04+H2O (fitard, C R 87

602)

Cupnc manganous potassium sulphate,
CuS04, MnS04, 2K2S04-H2H20

Sol inH20 (Vohl)

Cupnc nickel sulphate, CuS04, NiS04+3H2O

(fitard, C R 87 602 )

CuS04, 2NiSO4+21H20 Sol in H2O
(v Hauer)

+18H2O Sol in H2O (Boisbaudran, C
R 66 497)

2CuS04, 2NiS04, 3H2SO4 (fitard )

Cupnc nickel potassium sulphate, CuSO4,
NiS04, 2K2SO4+12H20

Sol in H2O (Vohl )

Sol in 4 pts H2O,msol in alcohol (Bette )

4CuS04, K2SO4+4H2O Very si sol in
H20

K20, 4CuO, 4SO3+4H2O Insol in H2O,
but decomp by boiling H2O into 3CuO, SO3

Cupnc potassium sulphate, K2Cu(SO4)2-i-
6H20

100 pts H20 dissolve 66 666 pts at 102 8° (Grif
fiths)

Much more sol m hot than cold EUQ (Pierre )
Easily sol m H2O bv boiling decomp into basic salt
(Persoz A ch (3) 26 272 )

100 pts H20 dissolve 11 14 pts anhydrous
salt at 25° (Trevor, Z phys Ch 7 470 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 1169 g anhydrous
salt at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27
459)

See also CuSO4+K2SO4

Min Cyanochroite

Cupnc potassium zinc sulphate, CuSO4,

2K2SO4, ZnSO4-f-12H2O
Sol in H20 (Vohl )

Cupnc rubidium sulphate, CuSO4. Rb2SO4-f
6H20

Sol niH2O (Tutton)

1 1 H20 dissolves 102 8 g anhydrous
salt at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27
459)

Cupnc sodium sulphate, basic. Na2SO4.
Cu(OH)2, 3CuSO4+2H2O

Mm Natrochalcite

SI sol in H2O, easily sol in acids (Pa-
lache and Warren, Am J Sci 1908, (4) 26
346)

SULPHATE CARBON OXIDE, CUPROUS

Cupric sodwm sulphate, CuS04, Na2S04+

Solubility of the pure double salt CuS04
Na2S04+2H20

t°

100 grams solution contain

CuSO4 grams

Na2S04 grams

17 7
19 5
23
30
40 15

14 34
14 54
14 36
14 07
13 73

13 34
12 90
12 76
12 37
12 26

(Koppel, Z phys Ch 1903, 42 8 )

Solubility of the mixture of CuS04, Na2S04+
H20 and CuS04

t°

100 g solution contain

CuSO4 grams

Na2SO< grams

17 7
19 5
23
30
40 15

14 99
15 62
16 41
17 97
20 56

13 48?
12 06
11 35
9 95
8 00

(Koppel )

Solubility of the mixture of CuS04, Na2S044-
2H20 and Na2SO4

t°

100 g solution contain

CuSCU grams

Nas>SO4 grams

18
19 5
20
23
25
26
28
28 3
30
30 2
32 2
33 9
35 3
37 2

13 53

11 847
11 339
8 185
6 284
5 507
3 746
3 661
2 607
2 422
1 465
1 475
1 471
1 494

13 844
15 116
15 697
18 723
21 198
22 44
24 963

28 383

32 442
32 299
32 072
31 96

(Koppel )

Solubility of CuSO4, Nd2feO4+2H20 in
presence of varying amounts of Na2S04

t°

100 f, solution contain

CubOi grams

Na2SO4 grams

30
30
30 1
40 15
30

5 38
5 41
3 69
3 97
1 57

22 17
21 92
25 37
23 90
32 09

(Koppel )

969

Copper sulphate and sodium sulphate unite
to form a double salt, CuS04, Na2SO4-f-
2H20, which is stable in the presence of the
solution above 167° In the presence of
copper sulphate the solubility of Na2SO4-j-
10H2O is greater than that of the pure salt
(Koppel)

Cupnc thallous sulphate, CuS04, Tl2S04-h
6H20

Decomp by recrystallising from H20
(Willm, A ch (4) 5 55 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 81 g anhydrous salt
at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27 459 )

Cupnc zinc sulphate, CuS04, 3ZnSO4-f-28H20
Efflorescent 100 pts H20 dissolve 80 pts

salt at 8° Sol in all proportions in boiling

H20 (Lefort)
CuS04, 2ZnS04-f2lE20 (v Hauer,

Pogg 125 637)

CuSO4, ZnS04+12H20 (Boisbaudran )
2CuS04, 2ZnS04, H2S04 (fitard)

Cuprous sulphate ammonia, Cu2SO4 4NH3
Sol in NH4OE+Aq, decomp bypureH20

(Pochard, C R 1903, 136 504 )
-|-H20 Decomp by H2O (Foerster and

Blankenburg, B 1906, 39 4434 )

Cupnc sulphate ammonia, basic, CuS04,

3CuO, 2NH8+5H20

Decomp by hot H20 (Pickering, Chem
Soc 43 336 )

Cupnc sulphate ammonia (Cuprammonium
sulphate), CuSO4, NH3

Decomp by H2O (Kane )

Decomp by H20 giving a basic sulphate
(Bouzat, C R 1902, 135 535 )

CuS04, 2NHS [CuS04, 2NH5+3H20
(Mendelejeff, B 3 422 )] Decomp by ex-
cess of H20 into —

CuS04, 4NH3+H20 Sol m 1 5 pts HoO,
but decomp by much H20 Insol in alco-
hol Insol m cone NH4OH+Aq (Andre*,
C R 100 1138)

Sol m small quantitv of H20, decomp m
dil solution (Bouzat )

100 g H20 dissolve 44 56 g anhydrous
comp at 25° (Pudschies, Dissert )

100 g H20 dissolve 1805 g at 21-22°
(Horn and Taylor, Am Ch J 1904, 32 268 )

CuS04, 5NH8 Completelv sol in H20
(Rose, Pogg 20 150)

Sol in small amt of H O , decomp m dil
solution Insol m liquid NH3 (Bouzat,
C R 1902, 135 535 )

Cuprous sulphate carbon monoxide, Cu2S04,

2CO-f-H20

Very unstable (Joanms, C R 1903, 136
615)

970

SULPHATE ZINC OXIDE, CUPRIC

Cupric sulphate zinc oxide, CuS04, 2ZnO+

21H2O

(Larsen, Ch Z Repert 1896, 20 317 )
2CuS04, 3ZnO-fl2H20 (Mailhe, A ch

1902, (7) 27 169 )

Didymituu sulphate, basic. Di2O3. S03 =

(DiO)2S04

Insol in cold or boiling H2O (Mangnac )
Slowly sol in hot dil HC1 +Aq Easily sol

in cone acids

4-8H20 Precipitate (Hermann )
Composition is 2Di20^ 3SO3+3H2O or

Di2(S04)3+Di2O6H6 (Frenchs and Smith )
Composition is 5Di203. 3SO3+zH20

(Cleve, B 11 910 )

Didynuum sulphate, Di2(SO4)8

Anhydrous By saturating cold H2O and
warming the solution, the following results
were obtained — 100 pts H20 dissolve at
12° 18° 25° 38° 50°
43 1 25 8 20 6 13 0 11 0 pts Di2(S04)8

+6HoO H2O dissolves this salt very
slowly, 100 pts H20 dissolve 13 pts Di2(S04)8
in 24 hours, and 16 4 pts in 2 davs If
solution is evap in vacuo until Di2(SO4)3-f-
8H2O separates out, 34 pts Di2(SO4)3
remain dissolved in 100 pts H20

+5H20 (Cleve )

-|-8H20 Solutions of this salt contain at
19° 40° 50° 100°

11 7 88 65 1 6 pts Di2(S04)8
(Mangnac, A ch (3) 38 170 )

-f 9H20 (Zsch esche, J Pi 107 75 )

Didynuum potassium sulphate. K2S04,
Di2(S04)8+2H20

Sol in 63 pts H20 Insol in sat K2S04+
Aq (Mangnac )

3K2SO4, Di2(SO4)8 Sol in 83 pts H2O at
18° Insol in cold, si sol in boiling sat
K2SO4+Aq, 100 ccm of which retain 55 mg
DiaOs in solution (Cleve )

4K2S04, Di2(S04)3 (Cleve)

9K2S04, 2Di (S04)3+3H20 (Cleve )

Didynuum sodium sulphate, Di2(S04)8,

Na2S04, and -}-2H20

Sol in 200 pts H20 (Mangnac), and still
less in sat Na2SO4-fAq, 100 ccm of which
dissolve only 70 mg Di203 at ord temp
(Cleve )

Didymium thallous sulphate, (Di2S04)8,
3T12SO4

Ppt

Di2(SO4)3, T12S04+2H20 Sol in H20
(Zschiesche, J pr 107 98 )

Erbium sulphate, Er2(S04)a

Anhydrous Easily and rapidly sol in
H2O 100 pts H20 dissolve 43 pts anhy-
drous salt at 0°

N

C

Ci

N

C

GI

0
0 1

1 1

2 16

4 604
4 615
3 64
3 04

7 60
7 618
6 00
5 018

4 32
6 685
9 68
15 15

2 00
0 9115
0 4439
0 145

3 301
1 505
0 733
0 239

+8H2O Less sol in H20 than anhydrous
salt 100 pts H20 dissolve 30 pts Er2(SO)4)8
+8H2O (=23 pts Er2(S04)8) at about 20°,
at 100°, 100 pts Er2(S04)8H-8H20 remain
dissolved Sat solution deposits crystals
when heated to 55° (Hoglund )

100 g of sat solution of Er2(SO4)8+8H20
at 25° in H20 contains 11 94 g anhyd
Er2(S04)8 (Wirth,Z anorg 1912,76 174)

Solubility of Er2(S04)3-h8H20 in H2SO4 at
25°

N = equiv g H2SO in 1 1 of solvent
C=g oxide in 100 g of solution
C1=g anhyd salt in 100 g of solution

(Wirth, Z anorg 1912, 76 174 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1909, 42 3790 )

Erbium potassium sulphate, Er2(SO4)8,

3K2S04
Slowly sol in H2O (Hoglund )

Erbium sodium sulphate, Er2(S04)3, 5Na2S04

+7H20
Sol in H20 (Cleve )

Europium sulphate, Eu2(S04)3-f8H2O

Stable in the au1 (Urbam and Lacombe,
C R 1904, 138 628 )

Gadolinium sulphate, Gd2(S04)3+8H2O
Solubility in H20

Temp

Pts ot C d (S()4)3 in
100 pts 11 2<)

0°

* 98

9 3-10 6°

3 33

14 0°

2 80

25 0°

2 40

34 4°

2 26

(Benedicks, Z anorg 1899, 22 409-410)

100 g sat solution of Gd(S04)8-|-8H2O
at 25° in H20 contain 2981 g anhyd
Gd2(S04)8 (Wirth, Z anorg 1912,76 174)

SULPHATE, GLUCINUM

971

Solubility in H2S04 Sokd phase, Gd2(S04)3-f
8H20
N-equiv g H2S04 in 11 of solvent
C=g oxide in 100 g of solution
Ci=g anhyd Gd2(S04)3 in 100 g of solu-
tion

Solubility of G1S04 in H2SO4+Aq at 25°

HaSOi-fAq
% H2S04

100 g of the
solution con
tamg G1SO4

Solid phase

5 23
9 61
18 70
34 00
40 35
45 51
50 63
56 59
63 24
65 24
73 64

8 212

8 429
7 944
6 603
5 631
5 773
6 628
5 438
3 640
2 244
2 128
2 185

.

s~*icir\ \_fi~vr r\

N

C

GI

N

C

CM

0
0 1
0 505
1 1

1 793
1 98
2 365
2 29

2 981
3 291
3 931
3 807

2 16
6 175
12 6

1 789
0 528
0 0521

2 974
0 8777
0 0867

LiioU4-f-Djtl2U
G1S04+4H20

(Wirth )
Sol in sat K2S04-f Aq

Gadolinium potassium sulphate, Gd2(SO4)3,

K2S04+2H2O

100 grams sat solution in K2S04+Acr con-
tains 0 87—0 77 grams Gd2O8 (Benedicks,
Z anorg 1900, 22 410)

Gallium sulphate, Ga2(S04)8

Not deliquescent, but very sol in H20
Sol in 60% alcohol, msol in ether (Bois-
baudran )

Aqueous solution decomp into basic salt
by boiling, which redissolves, however, on
cooling

Gallium potassium sulphate, Ga2K2(SO4)4-{-

24H2O
(Soret, Arch sc phys nat 1885, 14 96 )

Gallium rubidium sulphate, Rb2Ga2(S04)4

+24H20
(Soret, Arch sc phys nat 1885, 14 96 )

Glucinum sulphate, basic, 3G10, S08+4H20
Sol in H2O, but decomp by heating or
dilution (Berzelms )
2G10, SOs+3H20 Sol in H20
9G10, S08-fl4H20 (?) Precipitate In-
sol in H2O (Berzehus )

According to Debray, this salt when care-
fully washed is G102H2

Glucinum sulphate, G1S04

Anhydrous

Nearly msol m H20, but slowly attacked
by cold, rapidly by hot H20, and is converted
into GlS04+4H20 before dissolving (Par-
sons, Z anorg 1904, 42 253 )

Sp gr of GlS04+Aq at 25°

Concentration of G1S04
+Aq

Sp gr

1 — normal

1 0451

Va — "

1 0229

Vr- "

1 0114

1/16— "

1 0027

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 35 )

(Wirth, Z anorg 1913, 79 359 )
See also under +2, 4, and 6H2O

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J ,
1898,20 828 )

-fH20 (Levi-Malvano, Z anorg 1906,
48 447)

+2H20

Solubility in H2O at t°

t°

G G1S04 per 100 g

H20

Solution

80
91 4
105
119

84 76
97 77
118 4
149 3

45 87
49 42
54 21
59 88

(Levi-Malvano )

+4HoO Very sol in H2O

Sol m its own weight of H2O at 14 , and
in every proportion of boiling H2O Less sol
in dil H2SO4-f Aq than in water (Debray,
A ch (3) 44 25 )

Solubility m H2O at t°

g C1SO4 per

t, C ISOt per

t

100 g

t°

100 g

H C)

solution

H O

solution

RO

43 78

30 45

95 4

90 63

47 55

40

46 74

31 85

107 2

115 3

53 58

68

61 95

38 27

111

12S 3

56 19

85

76 30

43 2S

(levi-Malvino )

SI sol in dilute, msol in absolute alcohol
Can be completely pptd from GlSO4+Aq

byHC2H302 (Persoz)

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904,

37 4329)

972

SULPHATE, GLUCINUM IRON

+6H20
Solubility in H20 at t°

Gold (auric) sulphate, Au208, 2S08+H20,
or Auryl hydrogen sulphate, (AuO)HSO4
Deliquescent Decomp by H2O Sol in
HCl+lq, not attacked by cone HNOS+
Aq Sol in 6 pts cone H2S04 (Schott-
lander )

Gold (auric) potassium sulphate, Au2(S04)3,
K2S04
Not decomp immediately by cold H20

fSUV»r»ff1oYi/l*r ^

t°

g G1S04 per 100 g

H20

solution

31
50
72 2

77 4

52 23
60 67
74 94
81 87

34 32

37 77
42 85
45 01

(Levi-Malvano )

100 g of the aqueous solution contain at
25°, 8 212 g G1SO4 (Wirth, Z anorg 1913,
79 358)

Glucmum iron (ferrous) sulphate. G1S04.

Sol inH2O (Klatzo, J B 1868 204)
3G1SO4, FeSO4+28±2Q Sol in H2O

(Klatzo )
Do not exist (Mangnac, A ch (4) 30

45)

Glucinum nickel sulphate, (Gl,Ni)S04+
4H20, or 7H20

(Klatzo, J B 1868 205 )

Does not exist (Atterberg, Sv V A F
1873,4 81)

Glucinum potassium sulphate, G1S04, K2S04
4-2H20

SI sol in cold, slowly but more sol in hot
H20 (Debray )

-f 3H20 (Klatzo )

Glucinum potassium hydrogen sulphate,

G1H2(SO4)2, 2K2S04+4H20
Easily sol in H2O Partly decomp by
recrystallisation (Atterberg )

Glucinum sodium sulphate, 2G1S04, 3Na2SO4

-K8H20
Sol in H2O (Atterberg )

Glucinum zinc sulphate, 2G1S04, 3ZnS04+

35H20

Sol in H20 (Klatzo, J B 1868 205 )
Does not exist (Atterberg )

Gold (auroaunc) sulphate, Au2(S04)2

Decomp by moist air, H20, glacial acetic
acid, or HN08+Aq (1 42 sp gr ) Insol in
cone H2S04 (Schottlander, A 217 375 )

Hydrazine mercunc sulphate hydrazine,

(N2H6)2S04, 3HgS(54, 2N2H4
Insol in H20 Sol ni H2O contammg
HC1 (Ferratmi. Gazz ch it 1912, 42
(1)142)

Hydroxylamine uranyl sulphate,

(NH2OH)2, H2S04, 2(U02)S04+5H20
Extremely sol ni H20 from which it can
be cryst (Rimbach, Dissert 1904 )

Indium sulphate, In2(S04)3
Easily sol m H2O
-f-9H20 Easily sol in H20

Indium hydrogen sulphate, InH(S04)2-f-

4HO
Very deliquescent (Meyer )

Indium potassium sulphate, InK(S04)2+
4H20

Sol m H20, but decomp by boiling
(Rossler, J pr (2) 7 14 )

(InO)8K(S04)2+3H2O Insol in H2O
(Rossler)

Indium rubidium sulphate,
In2(S04)3, Rb2S04+24H20

44 28 pts are sol in 100 pts H2O at 15°
(Chabrie", C R 1901, 132 473 )

Melts in crystal H20 at 42° (Locke^
Am Ch J 1901, 26 183 )

Indium sodium sulphate, InNa(SO4)2 +4H2O
Sol in H20 (Rossler, J pr (2) 7 14 )

Iodine sulphate, I2(S04)3

Ppt Decomp by H2O
anorg 1915, 91 140 )

(Fichter, Z

lodyl sulphate, (IO)2(S04)8

Possible composition of Weber's (B
86) 1,0,, 3S08

20

SULPHATE, IRON

973

Indium sulphate

Solubility m 100 pts H2O at t°

Sol in H^O or alcohol (Berzelius )

Ir(SO*)2 Sol in H20 (Runbach, Z
anorg 1907, 62 409)

t°

Pts
FeSO4

t°

Pts
FeSO4

t°

Pts
FeS04

0

7 9

34

37 1

67

65 1

Indium potassium sulphate, Lr2(S04)8,
K2SO4+24H20

1
2
3

8 7
9 5
10 4

35
36
37

38 0
38 9
39 8

68
69
70

65 0
64 9
64 8

Mpt 102-103°

4

11 2

38

40 7

71

64 7

Easily sol in H20 (Marino, Z anorg

5

12 0

39

41 7

72

64 5

1904, 42 220 )
Ir2(S04)s, 3K2S04 Sol in H20 or dil

6

7

12 9
13 7

40
41

42 6
43 5

73

74

64 4
64 2

H2S04+Aq, nearly insol in sat K2S04+

8

14 5

42

44 4

75

64 0

Aq (Boisbaudran, C R 96 1406)

9

15 3

43

45 3

76

63 7

10

16 2

44

46 2

77

63 4

Indium rubidium sulphate, Ir2(S04)4Rb2

11

17 0

45

47 1

78

63 1

Sol in cold, very sol mhotH20 (Marino,
Gazz oh it 1903, 32, (2) 511 )
Mpt 108-109° (Marino, Z anorg 1904,
42 219 )

12
13
14
15

17 9
18 7
19 5
20 4

46
47
48
49

48 1
49 0
50 0
51 0

79
80

81

82

62 7
62 3
61 9
61 5

16

21 2

50

51 9

83

61 0

Indium thallium sulphate, L^SC^k T12S04+

O/lTT f\

17
18

22 1
23 0

51
52

52 9
53 8

84
85

60 4
59 8

24Jtl2U

19

23 8

53

54 8

86

59 2

Very sol m H20 (Manno, Z anorg

20

24 7

54

55.7

87

58 5

1904, 42 222 )

21

25 6

55

56 7

88

57 7

22

26 4

56

57 7

89

57 0

Iron (ferrous) sulphate, FeS04

23

27 3

57

58 7

90

56 2

+H2O

24

28 1

58

59 7

91

55 3

+2H2O Not more sol in H20 than gyp-
sum (Mitscherhch )

25
26

29 0
29 9

59
60

60 7
61 7

92
93

54 3
53 3

+3H20 Sol mH2O (Kane)
-j-4H20 Separates from cone FeSO4+Aq
at 80°

27
28
29

30 8
31 7
32 6

61
62
63

62 7
63 7
64 8

94
95
96

52 2
51 0
49 6

+7H20 Efflorescent at 33°

30

33 5

63 5

65 4

97

48 0

31

34 4

64

65 4

98

46 3

1 pt FebC)4+7H20 dissolves in 1 6 pts cold and 0 3

32

35 3

65

65 3

99

44 5

pt boiling H/)
1 pt Fcb()i+7H O diss >Ivts at

33

36 2

66

65 2

100

42 6

10° 15° 25 *i 4(> bO° 81 90° 100

in 1 04 1 4 * 0 87 0 ob 0 41 0 -18 0 47 0 27 0 3 pts H2O

(Mulder, Scheik Verhandel 1864 141 )

(Brandt s and 1 irnhaber Br Arch 7 83 )

When boihd with insufficient HaO for solution a
white hydrate is foi mod w hie li separates out Solubility
mere iaea up to H7 > ind tin n dinunis les owing to the
abov( sc par it ion (limndes Pow, 20 uSl )

Sol in 2 pth ( old and 1 pt boiling H 0 (Fourtroy)
sol in 2 pt s ( old If O at IS 75 (Abl) sol in 6 pts H O
at moderate IK it ind 0 7 > pt at 100 (Bergmann )

100 pts II () til 1) ) dissolve 45-50 pts (Urc s
Diet )

lOOps 1 1 i() dissolve pts HSC)4 at t

t°

I ts

t

Pts
I eSO4

t

Pts
FeSO4

0

15 S

21

27 4

4o

42 0

10

]<) <j

iO

32 0

55

47 0

12

21 i

37

-j(j j

70

56 ,

20

2) 0

(lobkr \ 95 198)

100 pts PeSO4+Aq sat at 11-14° contain
1702%leSO4 (v Hauer, J pr 103 114)

100 pts FeSO4+Aq sat at 15° contain
372% Fe£O4-f7H20, solution has sp gr
1 2232 (Schiff, A 118 362 )

If solubility b = pts anhydrous FeSO4 in
100 pts solution, b = 13 5+0 37S8t from —2°
to +65°, S = 37 5 constant from 65° to 98°,
S=375— 06685t from 98° to 156° Practi-
cally insol at 156° (fitard, C H 106
740)

Sat FeS04+Aq contains at

—1°

13 0

+5°
15 1

24°
22 7

34°
26 3

52° ^

FeS04,

60°

67°

77°

86°

94°

36 4

37 7

37 8

37 8

36 7%

FeS04)

102°

112°

130°

152°

34 7

28 0

17 3

25%

FeS04

(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 553 )

100 g H20 dissolve 26 69 g I eSO4 at 25°
(Stortenbecker, Z phys Ch 1900, 34
109)

974

SULPHATE, IRON

Solubility of FeS04 in H2O at t°
100 g H20 dissolve g FeSO4

Sol in hot HCl+Aq (Kane )
Somewhat sol m cone H2S04 (Bussy and
Lecann )

Solubility in H2SO4+Aq at 25°

t°

G FeSO4

t°

G FeS04

0 00
10 00
15 25
20 13
25 02
30 03
35 07
40 05
45 18
50 21

15 65
20 51
23 86
26 56
29 60
32 93
36 87
40 20
44 32
48 60

52 00

54 03
60 01
65 00
68 02
70 04
77 00
80 41
85 02
90 13

50 20
52 07
54 95
55 59
52 31
56 08
45 90
43 58
40 46
37 27

H2SO4+Aq
Normality

100 g of the
solution
contain
g FeS04

Solid phase

0

2 25
6 685
10 2
12 46
15 15
19 84

22 84
19 03
13 40
10 30
7 26
4 015
0 1522

FeSO4+7H20
FeS04+H20

FeS04+7H2O is stable from— 1 82° to
+56 6°, FeSO4+4H2O from 56 6° to 64 4°,

FeSO4-fH2O above this point

(Fraenckel, Z anorg 1907, 65 228 )

FeS04+Aq sat at 30° contains 249 g
FeS04 in 100 g of solution (Schreine-
makers, Z phys Ch 1912, 71 110 )

Sp gr of feS04+Aq at 15°
% = %FeS04+7H20

%

Sp gr

%

Sp gr

%

Sp gr

1

1 005

15

1 082

28

1 161

2

1 Oil

16

1 088

29

1 168

3

1 016

17

1 094

30

1 174

4

1 021

18

1 100

31

1 180

5

1 027

19

1 106

32

1 187

6

1 032

20

1 112

33

1 193

7

1 037

21

1 118

34

1 200

8

1 043

22

1 125

35

1 206

9

1 048

23

1 131

36

1 213

10

1 054

24

1 137

37

1 219

11

1 059

25

1 143

38

1 226

12

1 065

26

1 149

39

1 232

13

1 071

27

1 155

40

1 239

14

1 077

(Gerlach, Z anal 8 287 )

Sp gr 166° of sat solution = 1 219
(Greenish and Smith, Pharm J 1903,71 881)

Sat FeSO4+Aq boils at 1022° (Griffiths),
and solution contains 64% FeS04 Crust
forms at 1023°, highest temp observed,
104 8° (Gerlach, Z anal 26 426 )

B -pt of FeS04+Aq containing pts PeSO4
to 100 pts H2O

B pt

Pts FeS04

B pt

Pts reSO4

100 5°
101 0

17 7
34 4

101 5°
101 6

50 4
53 2

(Gerlach, Z anal 26 433 )

100 g of the sat solution contain 22 84 g
FeS04 at 25° (Wirth, Z anorg 1913, 7S
364)

(Wirth, Z anorg 1913, 79 364 )

More sol in water containing NO than in
pure H20 (Gay, Bull Soc (2) 44 175 )

Completely pptd from FeS04+Aq by
glacial HC2H302 (Persoz )

Solubility in (NH4)2S04+Aq See under
(NH4)2S04

Composition of
the solution

Solid phase

by wt
FeSO4

%

by wt
Li2SO4

24 87
22 45
21 15
18 79
16 51
16 18
16 04
15 39
12 68
5 32
3 74
0

0
4 00
5 58
11 16
15 81
16 52
16 49
16 80
18 31
22 15
23 15
25 1

FeS04, 7H2C

(i

u
(I

FeS04, 7H20+Ti2S04, HO
I i2SO4, H 0

u
it
ii.
((

(Schrememikers, Z phys Ch 1910,71 110)

Solubility of IefeO4, H2()+Na S()4 U)II ()4,
in 100 g H 0 tt t°

t

Grams 1 eS(>4

C rains N uSOi

0
15 5

18 Of>
25 05

() 1 *

15 07

(Roppel, Z phys Ch 1905,52 405)
Sec nho under l-|eNa2(S04)-j

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin. Am Ch

J 1898, 20 828 )

Insol in liquid C02 (Buchner. Z phys
Ch 1906, 54 674 )

100 pts sat solution of FeS04 in 40%
alcohol contains 0 3% FeS04 (Schiff )

SULPHATE, IRON

975

Insol in alcohol of 0905 sp gr or less
(Anthon, J pr 14 125 )

Alcohol and H2SO4 precipitate FeS04 from
FeS04+Aq, also glacial acetic acid

Anhydrous FeSO4 is insol in acetone
(Krug and M'Elroy, 1893 )

Insol in acetone (Fidmann, C C 1899,

11 1014)

100 g sat solution in gycol contain 60
g FeSO4 at ord temp (de Cornnck )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1904, 37 3601 )

Iron (ferrous) sulpnate, acid, 2FeO, 3S08,
2H2O

This salt exists in contact with solutions
containing S03-f 1 637 H20 to about S08-f
2 186 H20 (Kennck, J phys Chem 1908,

12 704 )

FeO, 2S03+H20 This compd exists with
solutions containing S08+l 342 H20 to
(about) SOs+1 595 H20 (Kennck )

FeO, 4S08+3H2O This compd is stable
with solutions containing from S03+l 122
H20 to (about) S03+l 342 H20 Rapidiv
sol m H20 with ppt of FeS04+H20 (Ken-
nck )

Mm Melantente

Iron (feme) sulphate, basic, 10Fe208, S03 +
H20

(Athanasesco, C R 103 27 )

6Fe208, S03+10H20 Insol m H20 SI
sol in warm HCl+Aq (Scheerer, Pogg 46
188)

4Fe208, SO3+11H20 (Anthon, Repert
81 237)

3Fe208, S03+4H20 Insol m
Rather easily sol, m acids (Scheerer, Pogg
44 453, Meister, B 8 771 )

2Fe203, ^O3+6H20 When pptd
cold solutions, is sol in Fe2(S04)8+Aq, but
insol therein when pptd from hot solutions
(Maus )

Only basic sulphate which is a true chem-
ical compound (Pickering, Chem Soc
807)

Mm Glockente Insol in H20 Sol
cone H2S04

-f 7H20 (Meister )

+8H20 (Muhlhausei )

-j-15H20 Mm Ptssophamte

Fe203, S03 = (FeO)2S04+3H20 Insol
H2O (boubeiran, A ch 44 329 )

3Fe208, 4S03+9H20 (Athanasesco )

2Fe2O3, 3S03+8H2O Insol in H2
(Wittstem )

+18H20 Mm Fibrojernte SI sol
cold, more easily in hot H20

Fe203, 2SO3+10H20 Mm Styptiate

+15H20 Sol in H20, decomp by heat
or evaporation (Muck, J pr 99 103 )

2Fe2O8, 5S08+13H20 Min Copiapite

Fe4S602+18H20=2Fe208, 5S08-rl8H20
a-Copwpit This salt is in eqmlibnum at 25'

with solutions in which the molecular ratio
Fe2O8 S08 lies between 1 2889 and
2 614 (Wirth, Z anorg 1914, 87 37 )
(OH)Fe8(SO4)4+13H20 p-Copiapit This
salt is in eqmlibnum at 25° with solutions
in which the molecular ratio Fe2O8 SO& lies
between 1 3472 and 1 2889 (Wirth, Z
anorg 1914, 87 37 )

According to Pickering (Chem Soc 37
807), all basic feme sulphates are mixtures
excepting 2Fe208, SO8

Iron (feme) sulphate, Fea(SO4)8

Anhydrous Slowly deliquescent Nearly
insol in H20, and HCl+Aq Insol m cone
H2S04 Very rapidly sol in FeSO44-Aq. even
when very dil (Barreswil, C R 20 1366 )

Sp gr of Fe2(S04)8+Aq According to F
« Franz at 175° (J pr (2) 5 280), G = Ger-
lach at 15° (Z anal 28 494), H^Hager at
18° (Z anal 27 280)

10

10854
1 096
1046 1097

5

10426

15 20 % Fe2(SO4)8,
11324 11826

1 205
1151 1208

25 30 35

F 12426 13090 13782

G 1 331

H 1271 1337 1411

45
15298

50

16148
1650

55

17050

40 % Fe2(SO4)3,
14506
1 478
1490

60 % Fe2(SO4)s
18006

Solubility in H2SO4+Aq at 25°

H2S04 +Aq

100 ^ of the solution

o

Normality

contain ^ Pe (&O4)3

£g

2 25

25 02

nn

6 685

14 58

ut

19 S4

0 05

IS

(Wirth, Z anorg 1913, 79 364 )

oa-
J7

Solubility m Al (SO4)t+4.q it 2r)°

100 g of the solution contain

in

G Al2(feO4)3

c rusoo,

44 07

2 3i2

t2 11

in

5 200

3S S3

(3 ()2b

3r> S2

8 810

34 02

O

10 03

32 42

*10 23

31 00]

in

10 70

31 01 f

*Solution sat \\ith its] crt to both silts
(Wirth and Bakke, Z anorg 1914, 87 48 )

See also under Al;(bO4) j

Insol m liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 828 )

976

SULPHATE, IRON

Completely pptd from Fe2(S04)8+Aq by
HC2H802 Sol to large extent in alcohol

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910,43 314)

Insol in acetone

-f aJEI20 Very deliquescent, and sol in
H2O Cone Fe2(S04)3-|-Aq may be boiled
without decomp , but dil solutions are de-
comp on heating A solution containing 1
pt salt to 100 pts H2O becomes turbid at
76°, 1 pt to 200 pts , at 56°, 1 pt to 400 pts ,
at 47°, 1 pt to 800 pts , at 40°, 1 pt to 1000
pts, at 38°, 1 pt to 10,000 pts, at 14°

-f9H20 Mm Cogmmbite

8143 pts are sol in 1857 pts H20
(Wirth, Z anorg 1914, 87 23 )

This salt is stable at 25° only in contact
with solutions in which the molecular ratio
Fe2Os S08 lies between 1 3472 and 1
6 699 (Wirth, Z anorg 1914, 87 35 )

+ 10H2O Slowly sol inH2O (Oudemans,
R t c 3 331 )

Iron (f errof erne) sialphate, 6FeSO4,
Fe2(SO4)8+60H2O

Sol in all proportions in H20 (Poumarede,
C R 18 854)

3FeS04, 2Fe2(SO4)3+12H2O Decomp by
H2O Easily sol in dil HCl+Aq Insol in
alcohol (Abich. 1842 )

FeSO4. Fe2(S04)8+12H20 Mm Voltaite
Difficultly sol in H2O

FeO, Fe2Os, 6SOS+15H20 Deliquescent
(Lefort, J Pharm (4) 10 87 )

Iron (ferrous) pt/rosulphate, FeS207
Deliquescent Decomp by H20
Chem Soc (2) 12 212 )

(Bolas,

Iron (feme) hydrogen sulphate, Fe2(S04)3,
H2S04+8H2O

This salt is in equilibrium at 25° only with
solutions where the molecular ratio Fe203
S03 is moie acid than 1 6 699 (Wirth and
Bakke, Z anorg 1914, 87 34 )

Sat solution of Fe2(S04)s, H2SO4+8H20
in abs alcohol at 25° contains 8 g 1 6263 -f-
17 18 g S08 per 100 g sat solution (tyirth
and Bakke )

Decomp by H20 (Recoura, C R 1903.
137 118)

In contact with solutions containing 25%
to 28%S03 at 25°, the stable solid is Fe203,
3S08 4- 10H2O In contact with solutions con-
taining more than 28%, the stable solid is
Fe203, 4S03-flOH20 (Cameron and Robin
son, J phys Chem 1907, 11 650 )

Iron (ferrofernc) hydrogen sulphate,

Fe2(S04)s, FeSO4, 2H2S04
Insol in H20, but slowly decomp thereby
Sol in H2S04 (fitard, C R 87 602 )

Iron (ferrous) hydrazine sulphate, FeH2(S04)2>

2N2H4

1 pt is sol ins325 pts H20 at 12° (Curtras,
J pr 1894, (2) 50 331 )

Iron (ferrous) magnesium sulphate. FeSO4,

MgS04+4H20
SolinH20 (Schiff)

Iron (feme) magnesium sulphate, Fe2(S04)8,

MgS04+Sfi20
(Bastick )

Iron (ferrous) magnesium potassium sulphate,

2K2S04, FeS04, MgS04+12E20
Sol inJBT20 (Vohl, A 94 57 )

Iron (feme) manganous hydrogen sulphate.
Fe2(S04)8, 2MnS04, H2S04

Insol in cold H2O (£tard )

Fe2(S04)8. 2MnS04, 3H2S04 Sol in H2O
(fitaid, C R 86 1399 )

Iron (feme) manganic sulphate, Fe2(S04V

Mn2(S04),

Insol in cold H20, decomp by hot H2O
and HC1 +Aq (fitard )

Iron (ferrous) manganous potassium sulphate.

FeS04, MnS04, 2K2S04+12H2O
Sol'rnH20 (Vohl, A 94 57)

Iron (ferrous) nickel sulphate, 2FeS04,

2NiS04, H2S04
(Etard, C R 87 602 )

Iron (feme) nickel sulphate, Fe2(S04)s, NiSO4,

2H2S04

Insol in H2O, but gradually decomp
thereby (fitard, C R 87 602 )

Iron (ferrous) nickel potassium sulphate,

FeS04, NiS04, 2K2SO4+12H20
Sol in H20 (Vohl, A 94 57 )

Iron (ferrous) potassium sulphate, FeSO4,

K2S04
+2H20 (Mangnac, Ann Mm (5) 9 19 )

Solubility in H20 at t°

t

% FeKaCSOO

t

%leKa(S(>4)

0 5
17 2
40 1
60

22 79
31 98
40 86
42 63

80
90
95

42 34
42 73
41 01

(Kuster and Thiel, Z anorg 1899, 21 116 )

SULPHATE, IRON SODIUM

977

+4H20
Solubility in H20 at t°

G-Gerlach, at 15° (Z anal 28 496), F=*
Franz, at 17 5° (J pr (2) 5 288), containing
5 10 15% K2Fe2(S04)4+24H20,
F 1 0268 1 0466 1 0672
G 1 025 1 0507 1 0773

20 25 30% K2Fe2(S04)4-f-24H2O,
F 1 0894 1 1136 1 1422
G 1 1050 1 1340 1 1645

t°

%FeK2(SO4)2

t°

% FeK2(SO4)

0 5
17 2
40 1
60

22 94
26 79
32 41
35 68

80
90
95

40 46
43 82
44 11

(Kuster and Thiel )

+6H20 100 pts &0 dissolve at t°
0° 10° 14 5° 16° 25°
196 24 5 2§ 1 309 365p<;s anhydrous salt,

35° 40° 55° 65° 70°
41 45 56 593 64 2 pts anhydrous salt
(Tobler, A 95 193 )

Solubility in H20 at t°

t°

%FeK2(S04)2

t°

% FeK2(SCU)s

0 5

17 2
40 1

18 36
25 16

36 72

60
80

42 93
45 29

(Kuster and Thiel )

Iron (feme) potassium sulphate, basic,
4Fe208, K20, 7S03 4- 9H20 = 4(Fe2O8,
2H20, SO,), K2S04+7H20

Insol in boiling H20 SI sol mHCl+Aq,
more readily in aqua regia (Rammelsberg )

3Fe2O8, K20, 4S08+6H20 =K(FeO)8(SO4)
-j-3H2O Mm Jarosite

Fe203, H20, 2S03, 2K2S04+5H20 Sol in
6 pts cold H2O Solution soon decomposes
(Maus, Pogg 11 78 )

Sol in 12 5 pts H20 at 10° (Anthon, Re-
pert 76 361 )

Formula is given as 3Fe208, 5K20, 12SO3+
18H2O by Mangnac

3Fe2O8, 6S03, 2K2S04+22H20 Sol when
moist m H20 Solution soon decomposes
Insol in alcohol (Soubeiran, A ch 44 329 ]

3Fe203, 7SO3, 5K2SO4-f 12H2O, and
-f 17H2O (Scheerer, Pogg 87 81 )

2Fe203, 5SOS, 3K2b04+9H20 (S )

3Fe203, 8S03, 4K2S04+20H20 and 24H2O
(S)

Iron (feme) potassium sulphate, K2SO4

2Fe2(SO4)3
Insol in H2O, but is gradually decomp

thereby (Grimm and Ramdohr, A 98 127
+2H20 Nearly msol in H20 (Wemland

Z anorg 1913, 84 364 )

K2Fe2(S04)4+24H20 Iron alum
Sol m 5 pts H20 at 12 5° (Anthon )
Aqueous solution is decomp by heating

Insol in alcohol

Sp gr of aqueous solution According t

35 %
G 1 1967

Melts m crystal H2O at 28° (Locke, Am
Jh J 1901, 26 183 ) ^ ^

Fe2(S04K 3K2S04 Insol in HA tat
slowly decomp thereby (Etard, C K 84
089)

Iron (feme) potassium sulphate sulphite
See Sulphite sulphate, feme potassium

Iron (ferrous) potassium zinc sulpliate, FeSOi,

2K2S04, ZnS04+12H2O
Sol inH20

Iron (ferrous) rubidium sulphate, FeS04,

Rb2S04-h6H20

Sol m H2O (Tutton, Chem Soc 63 337 )
1 1 H20 dissolves 242 g anhydrous salt

at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27 459 )

Iron (feme) rubidium sulphate, Rb2Fes

(S04)2+24H20

Solubility in H2O

Temp

G per litre

Gram mols
of anhydrous
salt per litre

25
30
35

97 4
202 4
Basic salt formed

0 294
0 617

(Locke, Am Ch J 1901, 26 180 )

Iron (ferrous) sodium sulphate, FeSO4,

Na2S04-f4H2O
Sol in H20 (Mangnac, Ann Mm (5) 9

25)

Solubility of FeNa2(SO4)2+4H2O m 100 g
H2O at t°

t

Grams FeSO4

Grams NaaSO4

21 8
24 92
34 95
40

24 34
23 62
23 91
24 01

22 51
22 04
21 83
22 62

(Koppel, Z phys Ch 1905, 62 406 )

978

SULPHATE, IRON SODIUM, BASIC

Solubility of FeNa2(S04) * 4H2O -f FeS04
7H20 in 100 g H2O at t°

18 8

23

27

grams grams

26 63

28 82
30 95

20 28
18 40
16 68

31°

35°
40°

grams grams
' " Na2SO4

33 99
35 66
39 98

14 41
13 85
11 92

(Koppel )

Solubility of FeNa2(S04)2 4H20 +Na2S04
10H20 in 100 % H2O at t°

18 8
23

27 23
20 31

22 16
26 48

28°
31Q

11 28
6 95

grams

35 94
44 75

(Koppel )

Solubility of FeNa2(S04)24H20+Na2S04
(anhydrous) in 100 g H20 at t°

35

40

grams FeS04 grams NaaS04

6 16

6 27

46 58
46 99

(Koppel )

See also under FeS04
Iron (feme) sodium sulphate, basic. 2Na20,
Fe203, 4S03+7H20

Only si sol in H2O with decomp (Skrabal,
Z anorg 1904, 38 319 )

-f 8H2O Mm Urusite Insol in H20,
easily sol inHCl+Aq

3Na20, Fe208, 6SO8-f 6H20 Sol in H20
with decomp (Skrabal )

4Fe203, Na2O, 5SO3+9H20

Insol in H2O, difficultly sol in HCl+Aq
(Scheerer, Pogg 45 190 )
Iron (feme) sodium sulphate, [Fe(S04)3]Na3
+3H20

Ppt Nearly insol in H2O (Weinland, Z
anorg 1913, 84 365 )

Iron (ferrous) thalhmn sulphate, FeSO4,

T12S04+6H20

Easily decomp by solution in H20 (Willm,
A ch (4) 5 56 )

Iron (feme) thallium sulphate,

+24H20

Not efflorescent Very easily sol m H,jO
361 5 g anhydrous, or 646 g hydrated
salt are sol in 1 1 H20 at 25° or 0 799 mol
of the anhydrous salt is sol in 1 1 H20 at 25°
Melts in crystal H20 at 37° (Locke, Am
Ch J 1901, 26 175 )

Iron (ferrous) zinc sulphate, FeS04, ZnS03+

14H20

2FeS04, 2ZnSO4, H2S04 (fitard, C R 87
602)

Iron (feme) zinc sulphate, Fe2(SO4)8, ZnS04

+24H20
(Baetick )

Iron (ferrous) sulphate nitric oxide, FeS04,
NO

The solubility of NO in FeS04+Aq is
diminished by the presence of H2S04, HC1,
phosphoric acid and by the presence of cer-
tain salts (Manchot, A 1910, 372 157 )

Fe(NO)S04 FeSO4+13H20 Decomp m
the air Sol in water (Manchot )

Lanthanum sulphate, basic, 2La203, 3S03-f

3H20

Precipitate (Frerichs and Smith )
Formula is 3La203, S08+a;H20 (Cleve,

B 11 910)

Lanthanum sulphate, La2(S04)s

Anhydrous Much less sol ni warm than
m cold H2O 1 pt is sol in less than 6 pts
H20, if added in small portions thereto at
2-3°, and the temperature not allowed to rise
to 13°, but if heated to 30°, La2(S04)3-f 9H20
separates out until the solution is solid
(Mosander )

100 pts H20 dissolve 2208 pts La2(S04)»
at 16 5°, 2 130 pts at 18°, 1 641 pts at 34°

See also under +9H20

The solubility of La2(S04)3 in H2O is dim-
inished by the presence of (NH4)2SO4; K2S04
or Na2S04 (Barre, C R 1910, 151 871 )

Solubility in (NH4)2SO4+Aq at 18°

Pts per 100 pts
HaO

Solid phast

'OSK'HN)

La2(S04)3

0 00

4 on

8 727
18 241
27 887
36 112
47 486
53 823
65 286
73 782

2 130
0 393
0 279
0 253
0 47b
0 277
0 137
0 067
0 0117
0 0033

La2(S04)3+9H20
La2(S04)3, (NH4)2S04+2H20

(C

(t
it

2La2(S04)3, 5(NH4)2S04
La2(S04)3, 5(NH4)2b04

(C

(Barre )
Solubility m K2SO4-fAq it H> r>°

Pts per 100 pts
H2° Solid phas.

K2S04

La^SOO.*

0 00
0 247
0 496
0 846
1 029
1 516

2 198 La2(S04)3+9H20
0 727 La2(S04)3, K2SO4+2H20
0 269
0 185
0 054 La2(S04)3, 5K2S04
0 022 "

(Barre )

SULPHATE, LEAD

979

Solubility in Na2S04+Aq at 18°

La2(S04)s, 4K2SCU As above (Cleve )
2La2(S04)8, 9K2S04 As above (Cleve )

Pts per 100 pts

HsO

Solid phase

T,mrftamim nib <3 u ul h t

NaaSO4

La2(S04)3

La2(S04)8, Rb2SO4

0 00

2 130

La2(S04)8+9H20

(BaskerviUe, J Am Chem Soc 1904, 26
67 )

0 395
0 689
0 774

0 097
0 353
0 299

La2(S04)^ Na2S04

C

4-2H20 (BaskerviUe )
3La2(S04)3, 2Rb2SO4 (Baskervule )

1 136

0 129

(

2 480

0 044

t

Lanthanum sodium sulphate. La2(S04)s,

3 802

0 019

<

Na2S04+2E20

5 548

0 016

t

SI sol in H20 (Cleve) (Barre, C R

1Q1O 1R1 079 -\

(Barre )

Insol in liquid NHs
1898, 20 830)

(Gore, Am Ch J
(Naumann, B 1904

Insol in acetone
37 4329 )

+9H20 Sol in 42 5 pts H20, calculated
as anhydrous salt, at 23°, and 115 pts H20
at 100° (Mosaader)

Solubility in H20
100 pts H2O dissolve pts La2(S04)3 at t°

t°

Pts La2(SO4)3

0

3 02

14

2 60

30

1 90

50

1 49

75

0 94

100

0 68

(Muthmann and Rohg, B 1898,31 1723)

Solubility in H2S04+Aq at 25°

In 100 g of the

Normality

liquid are dissolved

H2S04

Solid phase

g oxide

g sulphate

0

1 43

2 483

La2(S04)3+9H20

0 505

1 69

2 934

/

1 10

1 796

3 118

2 16

1 818

3 156

3 39

1 42

2 465

4 321

1 11

1 927

i

6 685

0 5309

0 9217

i

9 68

0 2659

0 4bl7

(

12 60

0 2136

0 3709

i

15 15

0 177

0 $073

t

(Wirth, / anorg 1912, 76 189 )

Lanthanum hydrogen sulphate, La(SO4H)3
(Brauner, Z anorg 1904, 38 330 )

Lanthanum potassium sulphate, La2(SO4)8,
K2SO4-f-2H2O

La2(SO4)8, 5K2S04 (Barre, C R 1910,
161 872)

La2(SO4)s. 3K2SO4 SI sol m H20 Insol
in sat K2S04+Aq (Cleve)

Lead sulphate, basic, 2PbO, S03

Not completelymsol in H2O Decomp by
acids, even dil HCjsHsC^+Aq. with forma-
tion of PbS04 (Barfoed, 1869 )

0050 millunole calc as Pb is sol in 1 1
H20 at 18° (Pleissner, C C 1907, II
1056 )

5PbO. 3S08 (Frankland, Proc Roy Soc
46 364)

Pb304j 2S03 (Frankland )

3PbO,PbS04+H2O Ppt (Stromholm, Z
anorg 1904, 38, 442 )

Pb4(S04)(OH)2 0 106 millunole calc as
Pb is sol in 1 liter H2O at 18° (Pleissner,
C C 1907 II, 1056)

Lead sulphate, PbSO4

Sol in 22,816 pts H2O at 11° (Fresemus,
A 69 125)

Sol in 31,569 pts H2O at 15° (Rodwell,
N 11 50)

Sol m 13,000 pts H2O (Kremera, Pogg
85 247)

Calculated from electrical conductivity of
PbSO4+Aq, 1 1 H2O dissolves 46 mg; PbSO4
at 18° (Kohlrausch and Rose, Z phys Ch
12 241 )

4 23 X 10 2 gr are dissolved in 1 liter of sat
lolution at 20° , 4 41 X 10 2 at 25° (Bottger ,
: phys Ch 1903, 46 604 )

1 1 H2O dissolves 41 mg PbSO4 at 18°
Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1904, 5O
$56)

0 126 millimole Pb is sol in 1 liter H2O at
8° (Pleissner C C 1907, II 1056 )

40 mo- are dissolved in 1 1 of sat solution.
,t 18° (hohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1008, 64
68)

00824 g PbSO4 is sol in 1000 cc H2O
,t 18° and also at 100° 1 he fact that PbSO4
Dissolves in H2O is ascribed to hydrolvsis, arid
n Support of this it is shown that the solubil-
ty of hydrated oxide of lead, PbO, H2O, m
il H2bO4 is the same as the solubility of
JbSO4 m H2O (feehnal, C R 1909, 148
395 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 26 mg at 18°, 30 mg
t 25°, 38 mg at 37° (Beck and Stegmuller,

^rb K Gesund Amt 1910, 34 447 )

980

SULPHATE, LEAD

Solubility m H20 at t°
(Millimols per 1 )

t°

PbSO4

18
25
37

0 126
0 144
0 183

(Beck

and Stegmullerj Arb K Gesund
Ami 1910, 34 446 )

Sol in hot cone HCl+Aq (Fresemus)
Solubility of PbSO4 in HCl+Aq

Sp gr of
HCl+Aq

§HC1 in
Cl+Aq

Pts HCl+Aq
for 1 pt PbS04

1 0519
1 0800

1 1070
1 1359
1 1570

10 602
16 310
22 010
27 525
31 602

681 89
281 73
105 65
47 30
35 03

(Rodwell, Chem Soc 16 59 )

Solubility of PbS04 in HCl+Aq at t°
(Millimols per 1 )

18
25
37

01N

0 126
0 144
0 183

02N

1 72

2 07
2 63

03N

2 67

3 14

4 06

04N

3 63

4 29

5 43

(Beck and Stegmuller, Arb K Gesund Amt
1910, 34 446 )

Above measurements in HCl+Aq show
solubility directly proportional to the hydro-
gen ions (Beck and Stegmuller )

Sol in HNOa+Aq, and more sol in hot or
cone than in cold or dil HNOa+Aq

Sol in 172 pts HNOs+Aq of 1 144 sp gr
at 12 5° (Bischof )

Pptd from HNO3 solution by dil H2S04+
Aq and not by H2O (Bischof, 1827 )

Solubility of PbSO4 in HNOs+Aq

Sp gr of
HNOs+Aq

% HNOs m
HNOa+Aq

Pts HNOs+Aq
for 1 pt Pb&Oi

Sol in 36,504 pts dil H2SO4+Aq (Fre-
semus ) See also under solubility in alcohol

SI sol in cone H2SO4, from which it is
partially pptd by H2O or completely by
alcohol (Fresenms )

100 pts cone H2S04 dissolve 6 pts PbSO4
(Schulte, Pogg 133 137 )

Cone H2S04 dissolves 0005 pt PbS04
(Ure)

100 pts H2S04 dissolve 0 13 pt PbS04, and
100 pts fuming H2SO4 dissolve 4 19 pts
(Struve, Z anal 9 31 )

More sol in commercial H2SO4 than in the
more cone acid (Hayes )

100 pts H2S04+Aq of 1 841 sp gr dissolve
0039 pts PbS04, of 1793 sp gr dissolve
0 Oil pt PbS04, of 1 540 sp gr dissolve
0 003 pt PbSO4

Presence of S02 does not increase the solu-
bility, HN03 increases the solubility some-
what, i e , 100 pts H2S04+Aq of 1 841 sp
gr with 5 pts HNO3 of 1 352 sp gr dissolve
0 044 pt PbS04, 100 pts H2SO4 of 1 749 sp
gr with 5 pts HNO3 of 1 352 sp gr dissolve
0 014 pt PbS04, 100 pts H2SO4 of 1 512 sp
gr with 5 pts HN03 of 1 352 sp gr dissolve
only a trace

Nitrous oxides do not increase the action
(Kolb, Dingl 209 268 )

Solubility in dil H2S04+Aq at 18°
(G perl)

0

0 0049

0 0098

PbS04

0 0382
0 0333
0 0306

H2S04

0 0245
0 0490
0 4904

Pb&04

0 0194
0 0130
0 0052

(Pleissner, Arb K Gesund Amt 1907, 26
384)

A trace of H2S04 has a considerable effect
in reducing the solubility of PbSO4 in H2O
(Sehnal, C R 1909, 148 1395 )

Solubility m dil H2S04+Aq at 20°
(G perl)

1 079
1 123
1 250
1 420

11 55
17 50
34 00
60 00

303 10

173 75

127 48

10282 78

(Rodwell, Chem Soc 15 59 )

Solubility in HN03 at 18°

(Milhmols per 1 )

0

0 0098

0 0196

PbS04

0 082
0 051
0 025

HJS04

0 0980
0 4900
0 9800

Pb&O*

0 013
0 006
0

HNOs

0 IN
0 2N

0 3N
0 4N

PbSO4

0 506

0 844

1 13

1 44

(Beck and Stegmuller )

(Sehnal )

Pptd from solution m H2SO4 by HC1
(Bolley, A 91 113)

Not more msol in dil HC2H/)2+Aq than
in H20 (Bischof )

Solubility in other acids is prevented by
great excess of H2SO4 (Wackenroder )

Sol in warm NH4OH+Aq, separating on
cooling Completely sol in warm KOH or
NaOH+Aq

SULPHATE, LEAD

981

Decomp by boiling with K2C03, Na2C03,
and (NH4)2C03-f Aq

Sol in NH4 salts +Aq, but repptd by
H2S04-|-Aq (Fresemus. A 69 125 )

The best solvents of the NH4 salts are the
nitrate, citrate, and tartrate, the two latter
should be strongly alkaline with NH4OH+Aq
(Wackenroder )

Sol in NH4Cl+Aq at 12 5-25°

SI decomp by NaCl+Aq (Bley )

11 sat NaCl+Aq dissolves 0 66 g PbS04
(Becquerel )

Sol in 100 pts cold cone NaCl-f-Aq, and
PbCl2 is deposited after a few hours (Field )

Solubility of PbSO4 in NaCl+Aq at 18°
(Milhmols per 1 )

Solubility in ammonium acetate +Aq at 25°

Millimol per 1

0 0
103 5

207 1
414 1

Solubility of PbSCU

Milhmols per 1

0 134
2 10
4 55
10 10

g perl

0 041

0 636

1 38
3 06

(Noyes and Whitcomb, J Am Chem Soc
1905, 27 756 )

Solubility in KC2H802+Aq at 25°
Sohd phase, PbSO4+PbK2(S04)2

NaCl

PbS04

0 IN
0 2N
0 3N

0 4N

0 546
0 904
1 28
1 68

(Beck and Stegmuller Arb K Gesund Amt
1910, 34 446 )

Sol m Fj32Cl6+Aq (Fresemus, Z anal
19 419)

Sol m Na2S2O3+Aq (Lowe )
Sol in (NH4)2SO4-fAq (Rose)

Composition of the solutions

KC&.Q,

Pb (026302)2

KCafiaOs

Pb(cI302)2

4 33
9 03
17 81
22 07

2 54
3 55
5 43
5 95

26 58
28 82
28 93

9 83
11 40
19 41

Solubility of PbSO4+PbS04> K»S04 in H2Q J

(Fox, Chem Soc 1909, 95 887 )

100 pts H20 containing a drop of HC2H302
and 205 pts NaC2H3O2 dissolve 0054 pt
PbS04, containing 82 pts NaC2H302 dis-
solve 0 900 pt PbSO4, containing 41 0 pts
NaC2H302 dissolve 11 200 pts PbSO4

t°

K2S04

bolid phase

Solubility in NaC2H3O2+Aq at 25°

e in 100
ce of
solution

Mol m
100 cc of
solution

Composition of the solutions

% Na acetate

% Pb acetate

% Na &O4

%HO

0
22

0 195
0 4%

0 0112
0 0227

K2S04l PbS04+PbS04

a

6 09
11 76
10 90
19 92
21 51
0 95

0 78
2 73
5 70
S 24
10 75
0 81

0 34
1 26
2 49
} 00
4 OS
0 45

92 19
84 25
74 91
bS 24
63 10
91 90

(Bronsted, / phvs Ch 1911,77 310)

Sol m 47 pts NH4C H/> 4-Aq) 1 036 sp
gr), and 900 pts NH4N()1+Aq (I 209 sp gr),
from the solution in NII^IIiOj it is pptd by

H2bO4 oi K2S()4, ioni so

by KiS(>4 but not bv II S()4 (Bisohof )

Sol in ui t itcs of N1I4, N i, K, C i, Al, ind
Mg (Mem r )

Solubility m NI[4C lUh+Aq F\((ss of
Pl)S()4 w is boikd with solution of
NTH4C IItO +^(1 of vuung (one

NH4C IU>

in 100 < c

k I hSOi (out uncd in J (c solution

Hot

( (>()!( d

Coo!icl24hr*

2S

io

0 350
0 41S
0 4()4

0 451

0 224

0 242

35

40
45

0 5H
0 52()
0 5*9
0 555

0 452
0 488

0 2^8
0 203

(Dunmngton and Long, Am Ch J 1899, 22
218)

Ihc proportion of sulphate in solution in
cuh ( ifai (omspondcd with the unount of
pitbcnt, but w is ( il(ulit(d to sodium
sulphite, SIIKC N i S()4-f-H)H () uytst from
Ihc solutions on cooling I IK solid ph tse in
UK sc solutions w is PbSO4

(]«o\, Chem Soc 1<M)<), 95 887 )

Sol m Mn(C H,() ) , Zn(O H,02)2,
Ni(C H,O2)s, uul Cu(C,IIi<>) but not in

Solubility in K( HiO +Aq is not Itss than
that in NTiC H,O +Aq (l)ihbits, Z anal
13 137)

Insol m Pb(C^Ha() )2+Aq (Smith )

Sol in bisic had acctite H-Aq, but not in
neutril Pb^H/h^H-Aq (Stunmer, rL
anal 23 67)

12 2 pts Ca (C2H 302)2 m very dil solution
dissolve 1 pt PbSO4 (bUdel, Z inal 2 180 )

Sol in Al(C2H3O2)3+Aq (Lennsen )

982

SULPHATE, LEAD HYDROGEN

Very easily and abundantly sol in NH.
tartrate +Aq (Wohler; A 34 235 )

Even when native, easily sol in NH* citrate
+Aq (Smith )

Insol in alcohol (18%) and H2S04 when
NH4 acetate, K tartrate, or NH4 succinate are
present Insol in alcohol (18%) and H2S04
or (NH4)2S04 when Na acetate, Na or NH4
oxalate are present Sol in NH4 dtcitrate and
K Zncitrate in presence of H2S04, in NH4
succinate and NH4 acetate in presence oi
(NH4)2S04, and m NH4 citrate in presence of
H2SO4 or (NH4)2S04 (Storer, C N 21 17 )

Alcohol (59%) alone, or with ethylsul-
phunc acid or sugar, does not dissolve Pb by
3 months action (Storer )

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904,
37 4329;, methyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1909,42 3790) , ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910, 43 314 )

Min Anglesite Sol in cold citric acid+Aq
(Bolton, C N 37 14 )

Leadhydrogen sulphate, PbS04, H2S04-fH20
Decomp by H20

Lead pg/rosulphate, Pb S2Oy
Decomp by H20 (Schultz )

Lead potassium sulphate, PbS04, K2S04

When PbS04 is added to potassium acetate
+Aq at 25° a double salt, PbK2(SO4)2 is
formed This salt is msol in the solution
which contains only potassium acetate and
lead acetate (Fox, Chem Soc 1909, 96
882)

Decomp by H2O Stable only in solutions
of K2S04, containing at least 0 56% K2S04
at 7°, 0 62% at 17°, 1 09% at 50°, 1 37% at
75°, 1 69% at 100° (Barre, C R 1909, 14&
294)

Lead sulphate chloride, PbS04, 2PbCl2+
H20

Insol in H20 or NaCl+Aq (Becquerel,
C R 20 1523)

Lead sulphate fluoride, PbSO4, 2PbF2

Sat Li2S04+Aq contains at

_20° —16° —15° —12°

18 4 22 5 22 6 24 4 % Li2SO4

—4° +15° +90°
25 7 25 3 23 9 % Li2S04
(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 547 )

Sat solution boils at 105° (Kremers- )
Sp gr of Li2S04-fAq at 19 5° containing
65 74 12 5 15 3% Li2S04,
1 05 1 06 1 098 1 118

22 6 24 4 29 4 % Li2S04
1 167 1 178 1 208
(Kremers, Pogg 114 47 )

Sp gr of Li2SO4-HAq at 15° containing 5%

. ctr\ -i f\An/\ ir\rrf T. as\ _ -i AQ'7'7

Sp gr of Li2S04-HAq at 15° cc
Li2S04 = 10430, 10% Li2S04 =
(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

Sp gr of Li2S04+Aq at 25°

Concentration of 1 12864
+ 4q

Sp gr

1 — normal

V*- "
V<- "

Vs- "

1 0453
1 0234
1 0115
1 0057

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 38 )
Sp gr of Li2S04+Aq

MLiaSCU g m 1000 g
of solution

Sp gr 16 /16°

0
2 9198
16 0461

1 000000
1 002589
1 014093

(Dijken, Z phys Ch 1897, 24 109 )

Sp gr of Li2S04+Aqat 20°

434)

Lithium sulphate, Li2S04
More sol m cold than m hot H2O

100 pts HaO dissolve 34 6 pts Li2S04 at 18° (Witt
stein )

100 pts H2O dissolve pts Li2S04 at t°

Normality of
LiaS04+Aq

% LiiSCh

bp fcr

2 60

1 96
1 708
1 320
0 747

23 48
18 53
16 41
13 01
7 71

1 2330
1 1650
1 1449

i inj

1 0678

t°

Pts
LiaS04

t°

Pts
Li2S04

t°

Pts
Li2S04

(Forchheimer, Z phys Ch 1900, 34 24 )

Insol m S03 (Weber, B 17 2497 )
10 ccm of sat Li2SO4 in absolute H2S04
contain approx 2 719 g Li2SO4 (Bergius,
Z phys Ch 1910, 72 355 )

0
20

35 34
34 36

45
65

32 38
30 3

100

29 24

(Kremers,

Pogg 95

468)

SULPHATE, LITHIUM THALLIC

933

Solubility in H2S04+Aq at 30°

Solubility

of Li2SO4 in alcohol -f-Aq at 30°

Composition of the solution

Solid phase Li2SO4, H2O

V^oT

% by wt

I 1«|5|O.4

Solid phase

G per 100 g

sat solution

£120'-' 4

JU12OvM

CzHsOH

LiaSO4

CaEUOH

LiaSCh

5 05

22 74

Li2S04, H20

12 23

20 45

0

25 1

47 28

3 04

15 37

19 11

u

11 75

16 16

58 59

1 22

16 60

19 10

t

21 19

11 52

69 39

0 4

32 70

13 37

I

29 40

8 17

80 74

0

36 90

11 90

«

33 31

6 66

94 11

0

42 98

10 57

48 00

10 20

1C

(Schreinemakers and

van Dorp, Chem

52 72

11 44

It

Weekbl 1906,3 557)

54 54

12 92

Cl

55 08

13 69

Li2S04

56 30

13 87

Cl

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B

61 46
61 82

17 10
17 00

It

I

190Q, 42
B 1904,37

3790). ethyl acetate (Naumann
3601), acetone (Eidmann, C C,

62 14
62 49

17 97
18 89

((

Li2S04, H2S04

1899, 11 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329 ) "
+H20 Very si efflorescent (Kammels-

65 70

16 55

«

berg)

69 40

13 75

n

Aq solution contains 25 1% Li2SO4 at 30°

77 30
78 23

11 31
11 64

u

ct

(Schreinemakers, C C 1910, I 1801), 243
g ab 50° (Schreinemakers and Cocheret,

81 20

13 28

(I

Chem Weekbl 1905, 2 771 )

81 70

13 85

(I

82 30

15 50

({

83 43

15 65

(t

Lithium hydrogen sulphate, LiHSO4

(Van Dorp, Z phys Ch 1910, 73 289 )

Decomp by H2O
Cryst from H2S04
LiH3(SO4)2 Cryst

(Gmelin )
from H2SO4 (Schultz,

Pogg 133

137

Solution in H2SO4 contains 172% Li2SO4

Li2S04, 7H2S04 (Bergius, Z
1910, 72 355 )

phys Ch

at 30° (Van Dorp, Z phys Ch 1913, 86

112)

Solubility of Li2bO4+Th(SO4)2 in H2O
at 25°

bohd phase, Th(S04)2
G in 100 g H20

I 12SO4

Th(bO4)»

Li2&O4

lh(feO4)

0 0
2 57
4 93
6 98
9 23

1 722
4 13
6 20

7 95
9 68

11 13
13 18
16 12
20 49
16 92

11 05
12 54
14 52
16 92
18 87

(Barre, Bull Soc 1912, (4) 11 647 )

Easily sol (Kastner), si sol (Berzelms) in
alcohol

Lithium potassium sulphate, Li2SO4,K2SO4
This is the only compd of Li2S04 and
K2SO4 which exists below 100° (Spielrem,
C R 1913. 157 48 )

R4Li2(SO4)3 (Knobloch ) Has the for-
mula K2Li8(SO4)6+8H2O, according to Ram-
melsberg

Lithium sodium sulphate, NadLi(SO4)2+
6H2O

Na4Li2(S04)j+9H2O

Na Li8(SO4)6-f-5H2O (RammeKberg )

Do not exist (T roost )

Li2S04, Na2SO4+55H2O Exists from
0°-16°

+3H20 Exists from 32°-100°

Li2S04, 3Na2SO44-12H20 Exists from
16°-24°

4Li2SO4, Na2S04+5H2O Exists from
24°-32°

(Spielrem, C R 1913, 157 47 )

Lithium thallic sulphate, LiTl(SO4)2+3HoO

(Meyer and Goldschmidt, C C 1903, I
495)

984

SULPHATE, LITHIUM TITANIUM

Lithium titanium sulphate,

Li2Ti02(S04)2+7H20
Less hygroscopic than K compound
(Mazzuchelh and Pontanelli, C C 1909, II
420

Lithium uranyl sulphate, Li2SO4. UO2SO4-f

4H2O
(de Coninck, Chem Soc 1905, 88 (2) 530

Magnesium sulphate basic,
6Mg(OH)2, MgS04-r-3H20

SI sol in cold or hot H20

Sol in HCl+Aq (Thugutt, 2 anorg
1892,2 150)

Magnesium sulphate, MgS04

Anhydrous Very slowly sol in H2O, sol
in hot cone H2SO4, less in HC1, and HNO3+
Aq

H-H2O Min Kiesente Easily sol in
warm, but slowly dissolved by cold H20

100 g sat solution at 83° contain 40 2 g
MgSO4 (Geiger, Dissert 1904 )

+6H2O, and +7H20 The latter exists in
two modifications, (a) hexagonal, and (b) the
ordinary or rhombic salt

MgSO4+Aq, which on cooling or keeping
in closed vessels has deposited MgSO4+6H20,
always contains for 100 pts H20 at

0° 10° 20°
40 75 42 23 43 87 pts

Temp

A sat aqueous solution of
MgSO4+7H2O (a) contains
for 100 pts H2O

Anhydrous
MgS04

7H2O (a)
sale

0°

34 67

111 74

10°

38 71

133 67

20°

42 84

159 61

Temp

A sat aqueous solution of MgS04+6HaO
contains for 100 pts H2O

Anhydrous
MgSO4

6H20

salt

7HaO

salt

0°

40 75

122 22

146 02

10°

42 32

129 44

155 53

20°

43 87

137 72

167 97

If only hexagonal MgSO4+7H20 has been
deposited, then the mother liquor contains
for 100 pts H2O at

0° 10° 20°
34 67 38 71 42 84 pts MgSO4

Solutions prepared from rhombic MgSO4-f
7H20 contain for 100 pts H20 at

0° 10° 20°
26 0 30 9 35 6 pts MgSO4
(Lowel )

These results may be given in tabular form
as follows

Temp

A sat aqueous solution of
MgS04+7HaO (b) contains
for 100 pts H2O

Anhydrous
MgS04

7H20 (b)
salt

0°

26 0

73 31

10°

30 9

93 75

20°

35 6

116 54

It is seen from table that at the same temp
the 6H2O salt is more sol than the 7H20 (b)
salt, and the latter is more sol than 7H2O (a)
salt, that the solubility of the 7H20 (6) salt
increases rapidly from 0° to 20°, that the
6H20 salt is not much more sol at 20° than at
0°, and at 20° the 7H20 (6) salt is nearly as
sol as the 6H20 salt (Lowel, A ch (3) 43
405)

100 pts H2O at t° dissolve pts MgSCh G L = accord
ing to Gay Lussac (A ch (2)11 311) T=accord
ing to Tobler (A 95 198)

t°

GL

1

t°

G I

1

0
10
20
25
30
40

25 8
30 5
37 0

39 8
45 2

24 7
37 1

50
55

60
70
SO
90

49 7

j5 9
(>() 4
<>j 1
70 3

52 8

100 pts H2O at 1055 dissolve 13 j 2 pts
(Griffiths )

MgS04+Aq sat at 17 5 his sp f,r = 1 2<H2 ind
contains 5557 % MgS04+7HO or 100 pts HO
dissolve 12300 pta MfcbCh f-7H O or (>0 pis Mj,SOi
at 175° CKarstcn )

100 pts H2O at 0 dissolve 5<J8 ptn ind 12 > pts
at ord temp (Otto Graham )

Sol in 2 pts cold and 0 5 pt boiling II jO (I our
croy )

The aqueous solution contains for 100 pts II^O
92 217 pts MjL,S04 +7H () at 1 > (Mic IK 1 ind Kr iff I )

I pt M^SOi+THjO is sol in 0<H4 pt II <> at 1 i
(Cerlach) in 092 pt H O it 2 i (Sc luff)

100 pts HiO dissolve 2S 0(>7 pts M^sO, at 0
(Pfaff A 99 224)

100 pts HoOdisbolvc pts Mc;S()4 it t°

t

I ts M^S(>4

0
17 9
24 1

26 >7
3i 28
35 9S

(Diacon, J B 1886

100 pts MgS04+Aq sat at
2567-2638 pts MgSO4 (v
98 137)

62)

18-20° contain
Hauer, J pr

SULPHATE, MAGNESIUM

985

Solubility in 100 pts H2O at t°, using
MgS04+7H20

M -pt of MgS04+7H20 is 70° (Tilden,
Chem Soc 46 409 )

t°

Pts
MgS04

t°

Pts
MgS04

t°

Pts
MgS04

MgSO4+Aq with sp gr 150 contains 44 4 %

MgSG* sp gr 1 42 39% sp gr 1 30 30% MgSO4

0

26 9

37

44 2

74

6-1 4

(Dalton )

1

27 4

38

44 7

75

61 9

2

27 9

39

45 2

76

62 3

Sp gr of MgS04-fAq sat at 15° = 1275

3

28 3

40

45 6

77

62 8

(Michel and Krafft), at 8° = 1 267 (Anthon),

4

28 8

41

46 1

78

63 2

at 18 75° = 1293 (Karsten )

5

29 3

42

46 5

79

63 7

6

29 7

43

47 0

80

64 2

7

30 2

44

47 5

81

64 6

Sp gr of MgSO4+Aq at 15°

8

30 6

45

48 0

82

65 1

9

31 1

46

48 4

83

65 6

% MgSO4

Sp gr

% MgSO4

Sp gr

in

OI K

ATI

AO Q

OA

ftfi n

j-\j
11

OJL O

32 0

TC/

48

TCO V

49 3

OT:

85

oo u
66 5

5

1 054

30

1 326

12

32 4

49

49 8

86

67 0

10

1 108

35

1 384

13

32 9

50

50 3

87

67 5

15

1 161

40

1 446

14

33 4

51

50 7

88

68 0

20

1 215

45

1 511

15

33 8

52

51 2

89

68 4

25

1 269

50

1 580

16

34 3

53

51 7

90

68 9

17
18

34 7
35 2

54
55

52 2
52 7

91
92

69 4
69 9

(Calculated from Anthon by Schiif. A
107 303)

19

35 7

56

53 2

93

70 4

20

36 2

57

53 6

94

70 9

21

36 7

58

54 1

95

71 4

Sp gr of MgSO4+Aq at 23°

22

37 1

59

54 5

96

71 9

23

24

OK

37 6
38 0

60
61

55 0
55 5

97
98

72 4
72 8

WQ Q

% MgSO4
+7H20

Sp gr

% MgS04
+7H20

Sp gr

^5
26

38 5
39 0

62
63

55 9
56 4

99
100

16 6
73 8

1

1 0048

28

1 1426

27

39 5

64

56 8

101

74 3

2

1 0096

29

1 1481

28

39 9

65

57 3

102

74 8

3

1 0144

30

1 1536

29

40 4

66

57 7

103

75 2

4

1 0193

31

1 1592

30

40 9

67

58 2

104

75 7

5

1 0242

32

1 1648

31

41 4

68

58 6

105

70 2

6

1 0290

33

1 1704

32

41 8

09

59 1

106

76 7

7

1 0339

34

1 1760

33

42 3

70

59 6

107

77 2

8

1 0387

35

1 1817

34

42 8

71

60 0

108

77 7

9

1 0437

36

1 1875

35

43 3

72

60 5

108 4

77 9

10

1 0487

37

1 1933

36

43 7

75

61 0

11

1 0537

3S

1 1991

12

1 0587

39

1 2049

(Mulder, c ilcul itcd from hib own ind other
obbt rvatioiib, S( lu ik \uhinclel 1864 52)

13
14
15

1 0037
1 068b
1 07,9

40
41
42

1 2108
1 2168
1 2228

16

1 0790

43

1 22b8

100 pts II/) dissolve 724 pts MgSO4-h

17

1 OS42

44

1 2349

7H2O it 0°, 178 pts it 40°, md 212 6 pts it

18

1 OS94

45

1 2410

49° (hldcn, Chun SOP 45 409)
Supeisit MgSO4+Aq is hi ought ton>stdl-
libition by uldition of uystil of MgSO4 +
THjO, oi in isornoiphoub subbtarice as
Znb()4+7H/>, NiS()4+7H (), KS()4+7H O,

19
20
21
22
23

1 0945
1 0997
1 1050
1 1KH
1 115b

40

47
4S
19
51)

1 2472
1 2534
1 259(>
1 2050
1 2722

or CoS()4+7H/) (Ihomson, Che in hoc

24

1 2109

51

1 27SO

35 199)

25

1 1201

52

1 2S50

26

1 Hl(>

53

1 2915

Sat MgSO4+Aq contains at

27

1 H71

54

I 2980

2° 7° 23° 67° 81°

20 9 22 5 26 0 35 6 38 6% MgS04,

(bchiff, A 113 185)

94° 130° 145° 164° 188°
41 5 45 3 38 0 29 3 20 4% MgS04
Readily forms supersat solutions
(fitaid, A ch 1894, (7) 2 551 )

986

SULPHATE, MAGNESIUM

Sp gr of MgSO4+Aq at 12°

Sp gr of MgS04+Aq at 15°

% MgS04
+7H2O

Sp gr

% MgS04
+7H2O

Sp gr

% MgSO

i Sp gr

% MgSO4

Sp gr

5

10
15

1 0510
1 1052
1 1602

20
25

1 2200
1 2861

1
2
3

4
5
6

7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

1 0046
1 0096
1 0146
1 0196
1 0246
1 0296
1 0346
1 0396
1 0446
1 0497
1 0548
1 0599
1 0650
1 0702
1 0754
1 0807
1 0859
1 0911
1 0964
1 1018

21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
24
1 35
36
37
38
39
1 40

1 1071
1 1125
1 1179
1 1234
1 1289
1 1344
1 1399
1 1454
1 1510
1 1566
1 1622
1 1679
1 1736
1 1793
1 1850
1 1908
1 1965
1 2023
1 2082
1 2140

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

Sp gr of MgSO4+Aq at 0° S=pts MgS04
in 100 pts solution

S

Sp gr

S

Sp gr

13 800
11 74&
9 6218

1 1586
1 1329
1 1072

7 4046
5 0447
2 5907

1 0826
1 0557
1 0284

(Charpy, A ch (6) 29 26 )

Sat MgS04+Aq boils at 105° (Griffiths),
108 4° (Mulder)
Crust forms at 103 5° (solution containing
484 pts MgS04 to 100 pts H20), highest
temp observed, 105° (Gerlach. Z anal 26
426)

B -pt of MgS04-f-Aq containing pts MgS04
to 100 pts H2O

(Oudemans, Z anal 7 419 )
Sp gr of MgS04+Aq at 15°

B pt ft

PtS -o „,

gS04 B pt

Pts ,, . Pts
MgS04 B pt MgSO*

% MgSO4

Sp gr

% MgS04

Sp gr

100 5°
101 0 1
101 5 2
102 0 2

8 8 102 5°
67 103 0
35 103 5
95 104 0

34 7 104 5° 51 3
39 5 105 54 6

43 8 108 75(?)
47 7

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

1 01031
1 02062
1 03092
1 04123
1 05154
1 06229
1 07304
1 08379
1 09454
1 10529
1 11668
1 12806
1 13945

14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
25 248

1 15083
1 16222
1 17420
1 18618
1 19816
1 21014
1 22212
1 23465
1 24718
1 25972
1 27225
1 28478
1 28802

(Gerlach, Z anal 26 432 )
Sp gr of MgS04-fAq at 9 5°

Mass of salt per unit
mass of solution

Density of
(g per

solution
cc)

0 00191
0 00380
0 00569
0 00758
0 01132

1 00170
1 00346
1 00526
1 00705
1 OlObO

(Gerlach, Z anal 8 287

Sp gr of MgSO4+Aq at 23 5°
y% mols in grms dissolved i
H20, b =sp gr if a is MgSO4-
mol wt =123, c = sp gr if a
y% mol wt =60

a ~~ no of

(McGregor, C N 1887, 56 6 )
Sp gr of MgS04+Aq at 25°

n 1000 g
|-7H20, J/2
is Mgb04,

Concentration of MgSC>4
+Aq

Sp gr

1 — normal

V^ "

Vr- "

1 0584
1 0297
1 0152
1 0076

a b c ||

a b c

1 1 056 1 059
2 1 103 1 114
3 1 141 1 166
4 1 174 1 214

5 1 203 1 260
6 1 229
7 1 252
8 1 273

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 38 )

Sp gr at 16°/4° of MgS04+Aq contam-
ng 110222% MgS04 = l 11471. containing
343% MgS04 = 108558 (Schonrock, Z
phys Ch 1893, 11 782 )

(Favre and Valson, C R 79 968 )

SULPHATE, MAGNESIUM

987

Sp gr of MgS04-|-Aq

Sp gr of MgS04+Aq at 20°

G -equivalents
MgSO4 per liter

t°

Sp gr t°/t°

Normality of <?/ Tv/rffan
MgS04+Aq % MgS°4

Sp gr

0 002548
0 005093
0 01015
0 02023
0 05023
0 09950
0 19773
0 29459
0 48671

17 989
18 020
17 995
17 980
18 047
18 033
18 014
17 997
17 994

1 0001625
1 000324
1 000639
1 001274
1 003117
1 006122
1 012035
1 017806
1 029101

2 73 25 46
1 86 18 61
0 934 10 14

1 2879
1 2019
1 1049

(Forchheimer, Z phys Ch 1900, 34 24 )

Sp gr of dil MgS04+Aqat20004°
Cone =g eqinv perl at 20 004°
Sp gr compared with H2O at 20 004° = 1

0 5022
5 0220

17 90
17 95

1 03000
1 26970

Cone

Sp gr

0 0000 1
0 0001 1
0 0002 1
0 0003 1
0 0004 1
0 0005 1
0 0010 1
0 0020 1
0 0050 1
0 0100 1

000,000,0
000,006,4
000,012,9
000,019,4
000,025,9
000,032,4
000,064,8
000,129,4
000,322,4
000,642,1

0 002616
0 005230
0 01042
0 02077
0 12462
0 24567

14 096
14 109
14 098
14 092
14 199
14 092

1 0001672
1 0003311
1 000659
1 001306
1 007682
1 014980

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1894, 63 27 )
Sp gr of MgS04+Aq

(Lamb and Lee, J Am Chem Soc 1913, 35
1684)

More sol in HC1 + Aq than in H20 (Rich-
ter)
In sat HCl+Aq, anhydrous MgSO4 is
scarcely sol , MgSO4+7H2O dissolves, but is
precipitated by a current of HC1 gas (Hens-
gen, B 10 259 )
Marguentte (C R 43 50) denies the pre-
cipitation
For solubility in H2S04, see MgH2(SO4)2
Completely pptd from MgSO4-t~Aq by
cone HC2H302-hAq (Persoz )
Somewhat sol in sat NH4Cl+Aq with
separation of a double sulphate
Rapidly sol in KCl+Aq with separation of
K2SO4
Sol in sat NaCl -j- Aq without pptn of the
latter
Easily sol in sat XNOs+Aq without caus-
ing any pptn
Sol in sat NaNO3+Aq (Karsten )
Rapidly sol in sat Cub04+Aq, when
saturation is reached, a double salt separates
out (Karsten )
100 pts sat Mgb()4+NikO4+Aq at 18-20°
contain 30 93 pts of the two salts, 100 pts
sat MgfeO4+ZnSO4+Aq at 18-20° contain
3545 pts, 100 pts sat MgbO4-f NifeO4+
ZnSO44-Aq at 18-20° con tarn 3562 pts (v
Hauer, J pr 98 137 )
100 pts H2O dissolve 14 1 pts MgbO4 and
9 8 pts K2SO4, ifsat MgbO4-f Aq is sat with
K2bO4, 32 4 pts MgSO4 and 8 2 pts K2S04,
if sat K2SO4-f Aq is sat with MgSO4. all at
15° (Mulder. J B 1866)
100 pts H20 dissolve 25 95 pts MgSO4 and
5 21 pts Na2SO4 at 0° (Diacon, J B 1866
62)

^ MgSO4 g in 1000 g
of solution

Sp gr 16°/16°

0
0 5368

1 0917

it

2 1076
4 1367
9 0608
18 0846
37 1342
52 1362

1 000000
1 000570
1 001157
1 001141
1 002234
1 004372
1 009523
1 018954
1 038983
1 054867

(Dijken, 2 phys Ch 1897, 24 108 )

Sp gr of MgbO4+Aq at 182°, when p =
per cent strength of the solution, d =
observed density, and w— volume cone

/Pd \

in grams per cc 1 JQQ = w 1

p

d

w

26 25
25 91
24 53
21 60
18 41
13 79
12 63
11 29
8 08
2 01

1 2903
1 2860
1 2693
1 2330
1 1950
1 1423
1 1291
1 1147
1 0803
1 0204

1 3374
1 3319
1 3101
1 2650
1 2187
1 1562
1 1413
1 1246
1 0859
1 0191

(Barnes, J phys Chem 1898, 2 542 )

988

SULPHATE, MAGNESIUM HYDROGEN

100 pts H2O dissolve 15 306 pts MgS04
and 13 086 pts Na2S04 at 0° (Pfaff, A 99
224 )

See also under MgNa2(S04)2+4H2O

Solubility of mixtures of MgS04 and
MgNa2(S04)o+4H20 at t°

t°

g per 100 g HaO

Na2S04

MgSO4

22

24 5
30
35

23 3

27 2
36 1
33 9

31 4
24 2
19 1
18 44

(Roozeboom, 1888, Z phys Ch 2 518)
See also under MgNa2(S04)2-f 4H2O

Slowly sol in sat ZnS04+Aq without pptn
until saturation, when a double salt separates
out

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin. Am Ch
J 1898, 20 828 )

100 pts dil alcohol containing at 15°

10 20 40 % alcohol
contain 39 3 21 3 1 62% MgS04+7H20
(Schiff, A 118 365 )

At higher temp the solubility increases
proportional to the temp (Gerardm, A ch
(4) 6 145 )

103 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve

I 18 pts MgSO4 at 18° (de Bruyn, Z phys
Ch 10 783 )

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
41 pts MgSO4+7H20 at 17°, 100 pts abso-
lute methvl alcohol dissolve 29 pts MgS04-f
7H2O at 3-i°, 100 pts 93% methyl alcohol
dissolve 97 pts MgSO+7H20 at 17°, 100
pts 50% methyl alcohol dissolve 4 1 pts
MgSO4+7H2O at 3-4° (de Bruyn, R t c

II 112)

100 pts absolute ethyl alcohol dissolve 1 3
pts MgSO4+7H2O at 3° (de Bruyn )

Insol in CS2 (Arctowski, Z anorg 1894.
6 257)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B

1909, 42 3790 ) , ethyl acetate (Naumann, B

1910, 43 314), acetone (Naumann, B
1904, 37 4329 )

100 g 95% formic acid dissolve 034 g
MgSO4 at 19° (Aschan, Ch Ztg 1913, 37
1117)

100 g sat solution of MgS04 and sugar
in H2O contains 4652, g sugar +140 g
MgSO4, or 100 g H20 dissolve 119 6 g sugai
+36 0 g MgSO4 (Kohler, Z Ver Zucker-
md, 1897, 47 447 )

Magnesium hydrogen sulphate, MgH2(S04)2
Decomp by H2O Sol m H2SO4 Insol
in methyl acetate (Naumann, B 1909, 42
3790 )

MgH6(S04)4 Boiling H2SO4 dissolves
about 2% MgSO4, from which this compound
crystallises (Schultz, Pogg 133 137)

Magnesium pi/rosulphate,
Decomp by H20

Magnesium manganous sulphate, MgS04,

2MnS04+15H20
Min Fauserite

Magnesium manganous zinc sulphate, MgSO*,

MnS04, Znfe04+21H2O
Sol in H20 (Vohl, A 99 124 )

Magnesium nickel sulphate, MgSO4,
+28H20

Sol in H20 (Schiff )

Magnesium mckel potassium sulphate,

MgS04, NiS04, 2K2S04+12H2O
Sol in H2O (Vohl, A 94 57 )

Magnesium potassium sulphate,

MgK2(S04)2-f-6H20

100 pts H20 dissolve 227 pts anhvdious
salt at 16 5° (Mulder )
100 pts H20 dissolve at
0° 10° 20° 30° 35°
14 1 19 6 25 0 30 4 33 3 pts inh>-

drous s ilt,

45° 55° 60° 65° 75°
40 5 47 0 50 2 53 0 59 8 pts uih>-

drous b lit
(Tobler, A 95 193)

100 g H20 dissolve 30 52 g M^K (S()|) -f
6H20 at 15° (Lothian, Phaim J 1<)0<), 82
292)

Solubility in H C) it t°

feat solution

Mols

100 pf 1I<)

cont uns

mols1

<li l\

(./

y(

M^SOi in
tin sola

K SO)

lViS04

MfcbOt

tion

t-.

10

9 4

9 8

1 52

11 <>*

IJ 1 »

20

10 0

10 S

1 4*

1 i <)2

1 > 7()

30

12 4

11 8

1 ^

if* •>()

1 r> r)(>

40

13 8

13 1

1 tf

is ss

17 <)J

50

14 7

14 8

1 4(>

20 S5

20 <)<)

bO

15 2

16 3

1 55

22 1<)

2* 7<)

70

15 6

16 8

1 52

21 07

21 Sr>

80

16 0

17 1

1 56

21 <)i

25 5(>

80

16 6

18 1

1 58

25 42

27 72

90

17 2

18 2

1 54

26 62

2S 17

(Precht, B 1882 15 1668)

SULPHATE POTASSIUM CHROMATE, MAGNESIUM

Sp gi of aqueous solution at 15° contain-
ing

246 8% hydrous salt,
1 0129 1 0261 1 0394 1 053

10 12 14 16% hydrous salt,
1 0668 1 0808 1 095 1 1094

18 20 22% hydrous salt
1 124 1 1388 1 1539
(Schiff, A 113 183, calculated by Gerlach,
Z anal 8 287)

Sp gr of MgK2(S04)2+Aqatl8°

100 mols H20 hold mols salt in solution
att°

t°

MgSCU

NaaSO*

22
245
30
35

47

4 70
3 68
3 60
3 69
3 60

2 95
3 45
3 60
3 69
3 60

(Roozeboom, Etc 1887, 6 333 )

Solubility of mixtures of MgNa2(S04)2-h
4H20 and Na2S04 at t°

G-equiv of salt ppr 1

Sp gr

t

g per 100 g HO

1 0010
0 8345
06688
0 3744
0 0998
0 02004
0 01004

1 0633
1 0531
1 0427
1 0243
1 0040
1 0015
1 0004

Na-SO*

MgSO*

18 5
22
24 5
30
35

43 0
35 2
32 5
25 9
23 5

45 5
48 9
50 3
55 0
59 4

These results lead the author to conclude
that in dil solutions the double salt is de-
comp into its constituents (McKay, Elek-
trochem Zeit 1899, 6 115)
Mm Pzcromente

+4H2O (van der Heide, B 26 414)
2MgS04, K2SO4 Mm Langbeimte
Deliquescent Absorbs 56 26% H20 from
air to form K2S04, MgS04+6H20 (Mallet,
Chem Soc 1900, 77 220)

4M«SO4, I\sSO4+5HiO (van't Eoff and
Kassatkin, BAB 1889 951)

Magnesium potassium zinc sulphate, MgS04,

2K2S04,ZnSO4 + 12H2O
Sol in H2O (Vohl, A 94 57 )

Magnesium potassium sulphate chloride,

MgS()4, K2S04, MgCl2+bH20
Mm

Magnesium rubidium sulphate, MgS04,

Kb2SO4+<>H2()

Sol in n2O ( 1 utton, Chem Soc 63 337)
1 ] II2() dissolves 202 g anhydrous salt

it 21)0 (1 ockc, Am Ch J 1902,27 459)
2M#SO4, Kb S()4 Deliquescent (Mallet,

Chem Soc 1900,77 223)

Magnesium sodium sulphate, MgS04, Na2S04
+4H2O

Mm iJlolitCjKwi-onyite
Hlodite is efflorescent, bimonyite, deli
qucs( cnt

4-5H20 Mm I ounte

-H)H2O Decomp on air bol in 6 pts

C°Na^rg(S04)4 Mm Vanthoffite (van't
HMgNa^S04)2+4H20 Mm Astrakamte

(Roozeboom, Z phys Ch 1888, 2 518)
See also under MgS04

Magnesium thallous sulphate, MgSO4, T12S04

+6H20

Sol in H20, but decomp by repeated re-
crystallisations (Werther )

Magnesium uranyl sulphate,

MgS04, (U02)S04+5H02
(de Comnck, Chem Soc 1905, 88 (2) 530 )

Magnesium zinc sulphate, MgSO4, ZnS04+
14H2O

Sol in H 0 (Pierre, A ch (3) 16 244 )

•flOHrf) (Pierre )

3ZnS04, 5MgS04+56H20 (Schiff)

There are only two compounds, 2(MgbU4,
7H20), ZnS04, 7H20 and MgS04, 7H 0,
ZnS04 7H20 (HoUmann, Z phys Ch
1901, 37 212, and 1902, 40 577

Magnesium sulphate potassium chloride,
MgS04) KC1+3H20 or MgSO4, K2SO4,
MgCl2+6H20

Mm Kaimte

100 pts H20 dissolve 79 56 pts at 18
(Krause, Arch Pharm (3) 6 326 )

Not sol in a mixture of abs alcohol and
ether, which dissolves out MgCl2 (Lehmann,
J B 1867 416 ) ™ ™ i i f+1

Alcohol dissolves out MgCU, also little
H20 Much H20 dissolves completely
(Zmcken, Miner Jahrb 1865 310 )

Magnesium sulphate potassium chromate,

2MgS04, K2Cr04+9H20
Sol m H2O (fitard, C R 86 443 )

990

SULPHATE, MANGANOUS, BASIC

Mauganous sulphate, basic, 3MnO, 2SOs+
3H20
Insol m H2O, but slowly decomp thereby
(Gorgeu, C R 94 1425 )

Manganous sulphate, MnSO<
Anhydrous

Absorbs H 0 from the air to form MnS04-HHjsO
1 pt MnSO4 is sol in pts H2O at t°

100 pts H20 dissolve pts MnSO4 from
MnSO4-f H2O at t°

t°

Pts
MnS04

t°

Pts ,
MnS04 *

Pts
MnS04

48
53
65

72

87

86
84
82

98
10
33
73

78
90
100
106

79 13 1]
75 63 11
71 27
70 14

L5 69 78
L7 68 81

t°

Pts
HO

t°

Pts
H20

t°

Pts
H20

(Linebarger )
Min Szmikite

Solubility of MnS04+H20 in H2O at t°

6 25

10

1 77
1 631

18 75
37 5

1 667
1 457

75
101 25

1 494
2 031

Or—
100 pts H2O dissolve pts MnSCU at t

t

Pts
per

MnSO4
100 pts
H20

t°

Pts MnSO*
per 100 pts
H20

t°

Pts
MnS04

t°

Pts
MnS04

t°

Pts
MnSO4

41
50
67

5

1
1

61 06
58 01
51 37

75
84 8
95
99 6

49 45

44 87
38 71
34 27

6 25

10

56 49
61 29

18 75
37 5

60 00
68 63

75
101 25

66 95
49 33

(Brandes Pogg 20 575 )
Sol in 2 5 pts HaO at 18 75° at 62 5° it is difficult

solution at 62 5° does not become cloudy on heating
to 100° (Jahn)

100 pts MnSO4+Aq sat at 11-14° contain
37 5 pts MnS04 (v Hauer, J pr 103 114 )
Sat MnS04-f Aq contains at

Av of varying results

(Cottrell, J phys Ch 1900, 4 652 )

Lmebarger's determinations are inaccurate
[Cottrell )

—8° —5° +5° 18° 22°
30 0 31 0 34 1 38 3 38 2% MnS04,

23° 32° 45° 52° 70°
39 1 41 7 44 2 36 4 41 1% MnS04,

83° 110° 115° 123° 130° 140°
36 3 18 4 21 5 16 7 13 6 9 4% MnS04
(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 553 )

Solubility in H20 increases from 0-55°, and
decreases from 55-145° The increasing solu-
bility is that of MnS04+5H2O, and MnS04 +
2EUO separates out at 35°, and is completely
msol at 145° (Etard )
If solubility S = pts anhydrous MnS04 in
100 pts solution, S = 30 0+0 2828t from —8°
to 57°, S -48 0-0 4585t from 57° to 150°
Practically msol m H20 at 180° (Etard,
C R 106 208)
Solubility varies according to the hydrate
used Above results of fitard show the solu-
bility of MnS04+7H20 at 0°, and MnS04 +
3H20 at 57° Anhydrous MnS04 is stable
only above 117° (Linebarger )

100 pts H2O dissolve pts anlu drous MnS04
att°

+2H20 Stable between 40° and 57°

100 pts H20 dissolve pts MnSO4 from
MnS04+2H O at t°

t°

Pts
MnS04

t°

Pts

MnSO4

t°

Pts

MnSO4

35
40

68 88
75 31

42
45

77 63
SO 07

50
55

83 16
86 27

(Linebarger )
+3H20 Stable between 30° and 40°

100 pts H20 dissolve pts MnfeO4 from
Mn$O4+3H20 at t°

t°

Pts
MnS04

t°

Pts
MnSO4

t°

Pts
MnSC>4

12
16
19

54 68
60 56
63 41
65 12

25
30
35
40

66 85
67 38
68 31
70 63

68
53

57

71 89
72 81
73 17

t°

PtS f0 PtS to PtS

MnS04 l MnSCh r MnSO4

(Linebarger )

+4H20 SI efflorescent Less sol in boil-
ing than in cold H2O
100 pts H20 at 4 4° dissolve 31 pts MnSO4
-HH20 (Jahn )

120
132

67 18 141 41 18 155 26 49
63 16 146 38 83 170 16 15

(Linebarger, Am Ch J 15 225 )
+H20 Stable only between 57° and 117°

SULPHATE, MANGANOUS

100 pts HaO at t° dissolve pts MnS04-h4H2O

Solubility of MnSO4+4H20 in H2O

at t°

t°

Pts
MnSO4 +
4H20

t°

Pts
MnS04 +
4HO

Pts MnSO4

t° per 100 pts
H2O

t°

Pts MnSO4
periapts

6 25
10
18 75

113 22
123

122

37 5
75
101 25

149
144
93

16 0 63 97
17 7 64 16
18 5 64 19
25 0 65 32
30 0 66 43
32 2 66 83

35 0
35 5
39 9
49 9
50 0

67 87
68 09
68 81
72 48
72 62

(Blendes Pogg 20 575)

Solubility of MnS04 in 100 pts
using MnS04+4H20

H20 at t°,

t°

Pts
MnS04

t°

Pts
MnS04

t°

Pts
MnS04

(CottreU, J phys Ch 1900, 4 651 )

Linebarger's determinations are inaccu-
rate (CottreU )

Solubility in H20 at t°

0

I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34

55 4
55 9
56 5
57 1

57 7
58 2
58 8
59 4
60 0
60 5
61 1
61 7
62 2
62 7
63 3
63 8
64 3
64 8
65 3
65 8
66 3
66 7
67 2
67 6
68 1
68 5
68 9
69 3
69 7
70 0
70 4
70 7
71 0
71 3
71 6

35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60

63 5
64
65
66
67
68
69

71 9
72 2
72 4
72 7
72 9
73 1
73 3
73 5
73 7
73 9
74 0
74 2
74 4
74 6
74 7
74 8
74 9
75 1
75 2
75 3
74 7
74 0
72 9
71 5
69 5
65 9

61 3
61 5
61 5
61 5
61 5
61 5
61 5

70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
102 5

61 5
61 5
61 5
61 5
61 5
61 5
61 5
61 5
61 5
61 5
61 5
61 5
61 5
61 5
61 4
61 3
61 2
61 0
60 8
60 6
60 3
60 0
59 6
59 2
58 6
57 9
57 2
56 3
55 4
54 3
52 9
51 2
49 3
47 4

t°

g MnSCUforlOOg HaO

30 15
35

66 38
68 22

(Richards and Fraprie, Am Ch J 1901, 26

77)

+5H20 Sol in 1 pt H2O at 1875°
(Jahn. A 28 110 )
Stake from 8* to 18°

100 pts H2O dissolve pts MnSO4 from
MnSO4+5H2O at t°

,o PtS j.o

t MnSO4 t

Pts
MnSO4

t°

t°
MnSO4

0 58 05 20
25 62 41 25
4 64 22 30
7 66 83 32
10 68 05 34
15 72 33 37

75 16
78 63
79 16
80 38
82 04
83 91

40
42
45
47 7
53
54

84 63
85 27
86 16
86 95
88 89
S9 08

(Lmebarger )

Stable m aqeous solution between 15° and
20° (Schieber, M 1898, 19 281 )

Solubility of Mnb()4H-5H2O at t°

(Mulder, Schuk Verhandel 1864 137

100 pts H2O dissolve pts MnSO4 from
MnSO4+4H20 at t°

Pts Mn&O4
t° per 100 pts
HaO

t

Pts
per

MnS(>4
100 pts

H2O

t

2 2

7 3
11
15
20

Pts
MnSO4

t

Pts
MnSO4

t

0

Pts
MnSO4

5 58 06
9 59 23
12 60 19
12 3 60 16
15 61 08

16
25
30
31 1
35 5

<3l 50

64 7S
67 70
67 92
71 61

57

61
64
67
69

88
78
01
12
93

25
30
35 5
40
45

72 23
74 67
78 81
79 63
83 06

48
52
56

84 33
86 16
88 19

(Cottrell, J phys Ch 1900, 4 651 )

Lmebarger's determinations are inaccurate
(Cottrell )

(Lmebarger )

Stable in aqueous solution between 25° and
31° (Schieber, M 1898, 19 281 )

992

SULPHATE, MANGANOUS

Solubility in H2O at 25° = 65 09 g MnSO4

Sp gr of MnS04+Aq at 15°

for 100 g H2O (Richards and Frapne, Am

Ch J 1901,26 77)

% MnSO4
^4HaO

Sp gr

% MnSO4
/0+4HS0

Sp gr

+6H2O Stable from - 5° to +8°
100 pts H2O dissolve pts MnS04 from
MnS04H-6H20 at t°

1
2
3
4

1 006
1 013
1 020
1 025

29
30
31
32

1 208
1 2150
1 224
1 231

Pts

Pts

Pts

5

1 0320

33

1 244

t6

MnSO4

t°

MnS04

t°

MnSO4

6

1 038

34

1 250

7

1 044-

QK

1 9fi7Q

4

55 87

9

70 88

30

76 24

/

8

JL V/TCTt

1 050

OO

36

JL JJtJ I if

1 268

0

64 21

15

72 45

34

77 02

9

1 056

37

1 276

3

66 87

20

74 35

35

77 23

10

1 0650

38

1 285

5

67 49

25

75 38

38

7 481

11

1 072

39

1 295

19

1 07Q

40

1 QH3&

(Linebarger )

J-&

13

14

JL \J 1 >J

1 085
1 093

Ttv

41

42

JL OwOO

1 313
1 322

15

1 1001

43

1 331

16

1 106

44

1 340

+7H2O Efflorescent

17

1 114

45

1 3495

Sol in less than 05 pt H2O at 1875°

18

1 121

46

1 360

(Jahn)

19

1 129

47

1 370

Stable between - 10° and - 5°

20

1 1363

48

1 380

21

1 144

49

1 389

22

1 150

50

1 3986

100 pts H2O dissolve pts MnS04 from
MnS04+7H20 at t°

23

24
25

1 160
1 166
1 1751

51
52
53

1 410
1 420
1 430

9fi

1 1K3

54.

1 44.H

t°

Pts
MnSO*

t°

Pts
MnS04

t°

Pts
MnSO4

U\J

27
28

1 JLOO

1 190
1 200

UTC

55

JL TCTTV/

1 4514

10

50 11

0

53 61

10

59 91

8

50 93

5

54 83

15

64 34

(Gerlach, Z anal 8 288 )

-5

51 53

7

56 62

(Linebarger )

Stable in aqueous solution below 0°
(Schieber, M 1898, 19 281 )

Solubility of MnS04-t-7H20 m H2O at t°

t°

Pts MnSCh
per 100 pts
H20

t°

Pts MnSO4
per 100 pts
H20

— 10
0
5

47 96
56 23
56 38

9
12
14 3

59 33
61 78
63 93

(Cottrell, I c )

M -pt of MnSO4+7H20 is 54° (Tilden,
Chem Soc 45 409 )

Sp gr of MnS04+Aq at 23° a=no of ^
mols in grins dissolved m 1000 g H2O,
b=sp gr if a is MnS04+5H/), 1A mo]
wt =1205, c=sp gr if a is MnS04,
Y<L mol wt = 75 5

a

b

e

a

1)

c

1

1 068

1 071

0

30(>

1 576

2

1 128

1 139

7

341

1 429

3

1 181

1 202

8

m

4

1 227

1 262

9

J99

5

1 269

1 320

10

42(>

(Pavre and Valson, C K 79 %8 )

Above table recalculated by Gerl ich (7t anal
28 475)

% MnfoO4
+5H2O

Sp gr

% MnSO4

Sp,r

10
20
30

1 0630
1 1325
1 2070

40
50

1 2900
1 3800

QUJLjr.CLA.lJtU,

Sp gr of

MnS04+Aq at 15° a

t = %, b«

Sol in about 20 pts boiling H2S04, and

sp gr

if a is Mnfe04, c=sp

gr if a is

more sol m boiling H2SO4+Aq of 1 6 sp gr

MnS04+4H2O, d=sp gr if a is MnS04
+5H20, e==sp gr if a is MnSO4+

(Schultz, Pogg 133 137 )
Completelypptd from solution by HC2H302

7H2O

(Persoz )

For solubility in (NH4)2S04, see under

b

a

c

d

e

(NH4) S04

5
10
15

1 0500
1 1035
1 1605

1 0340
1 0690
1 1055

1 0310
1 0630
1 0965

1 0270
1 0545
1 0830

MnS04+ Aq sat at 10°, then sat with
K2SO4 at same temp contains for 100 pts
H2O 16 7 pts MnSO4 and 44 3 pts K2S04
(Mulder )

20

1 2215

1 1435

1 1315

1 1130

25

1 2870

1 1835

1 1685

1 1440

30

1 3575

1 2255

1 2070

1 1765

35

1 2695

1 2470

1 2105

Solubility of MnSO4-f Na2S04 m H20 at 35°

40

1 3155

1 2885

1 2455

45

1 3640

1 3315

1 2815

g per 100 g sat solution

50
55

1 3760

1 3185
1 3565

MnS04

NaaSO4

Solid phase

(Gerlach, Z anal 28 475 )

39 45
33 92

0
5 23

MnS04j H2O
it

Sp gr of MnS04-f Aq at 0° S=p+s MnSO4

33 06

7 97

MnS04, H2O+9MnS04r

in

100 pts

solution

10Na2S04

32 92

7 42

ct

S

Sp gr

S

Sp gr

31 05

9 20

1 A *7£!

9MnS04,f10Na2S04

16 7450

1

1834

8 8295

1 0928

27 67
22 14

10 76
14 28

ct

14 0462

1

1519

6 0172

1 0622

14 58

20 01

tt

11 5804

1

1239

3 0865

1 0315

13 96

21 91

tt

(Charpy, A ch

(6) 29 26}

12 19

22 49

9MnSO4, 103STa2SO4+
MnS04. 3Na2SO4

Sp gr of MnS04+Aq at room temp con-
taining

10 45
7 43

^ fiQ

23 41
26 58
9Q 31

MnS04, 3Na2S04
tt

11 45
1 1469

18 8 22 08 % MnS04
1 2513 1 3082

O \Ju

5 11
2 96

a\3 OJ.

30 52
31 33

MnS04, 3Na,2S04+Na S04
Na2SO4

(Wagner, W Ann

1883, 18 271 )

0

33

tt

Sp

gr of MnS04+Aqat25°

(Schrememakers and Provije, Proc Ak Wet

Concent r iti

+

m ot
Aq

MnSOi

Sp gr

Amsterdam , 1913, 15 326 )

1 — normal

1 0728

Inbol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch

72-

«*

1 0365

J 1898,20 82S)

V4— "

1 0179

Anhydrous MnSO4 in in sol in absolute

V*— "

1 0087

alcohol

l/16—

n

1 0041

1000 pts alcohol ot 0 872 sp gi dibbolve

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5

39)

(> i pts MnSO4
bol in 50 pts of 50% alcohol Insol m

bp gi it Ib /4° oi MnS()4+4q cont lin-
ing iOSl()r^ MnS()j= M2(>7 (bchomock,
Z phys Ch ISM 3.11,781 )

absolute alcohol (Brindcs, Pogg 20 55b )
100 pts solution situiitod it 15° in dil
alcohol cont lining

Sit MnSO,,

H-Aq bo

ils it 1024°, crust

0 10 50 60 % alcohol, contain

forms it 101 ()

, ind solution (ontuns 487

56 25 51 4 20 0 66 pts MnSO4+5H20

pts MnS()4 to

100 pis II O

/D^/U.^C A 11Q OAK \

B -pt of MnS()4-f Aq cont lining pts MriSO4
to 100 pts H20

B pt

1 ts MriSOi

B pt

Pts MnS()4

100 5°

17 1

102 0°

58 9

101 0

$2 1

102 4

68 4

101 5

46 2

(Gerlach, Z anal 26 434 )

When MnSO4-h7JK> is boiled with ib-
solute alcohol none is dissolved but MnSO4
+3H2O is formed

WhenMnSO4+7Hit)ib dissolved m 15-50%
alcohol, the liquid sepiritos into two liyers,
the lower containing less (12-14%) ilcohol
and more (47-49%) salt, the upper containing

994

SULPHATE, MAJNXjrAJNOUb

more (50-55%) alcohol and less (1 3-2 2%)
salt If the alcohol has the above strength
(15-50%) the separation takes place at ordin-
ary temp , but with 13-14% or 60% or more
alcohol, warn) ing is necessary to effect the
separation (SchifF, A 118 363 )

Solubility of MnSCU+HzO in alcohol+Aq
att°

Composition of two layers sat with the
solid salt at t°

Composition of the solutions sat with
respect to one another

t°

Alcohol layer

Water layer

% alcohol

%MnSO4

% alcohol

%MnSO*

30
31
35
37
41
42
43

45 20
43 90
41 71
38 26
34 01
32 37
31 42

2 49
2 74
3 44
4 84
5 86
6 89
8 51

8 69
8 47
9 24
11 03
11 93
13 57
14 33

30 15
30 10
28 61
26 47
24 97
23 09
22 01

(Schreinemakers and Deuss, Z phys Ch
1912,79 559)

Composition of alcohol solutions sat with
MnS04+E20 at t°

50

35

30

water layer

% alcohol % MnSO4

t5 68

t7 69

t8 70

fll 85

t8 38
*9 24
10 75
15 09

t7 60
*8 69

10 46

11 86
16 18

34 95
30 99
29 20

24 84

29 52
28 61
26 33
21 85

32 40
30 15
27 58
25 75
20 86

alcohol layer

% alcohol % MnSCU

f53 64

|45 83
f41 93
t35 15

|42 38
*41 71
36 89
30 06

t50 97

*45 20

40 71

37 54

29 89

0 97

2 19

3 11
5 95

3 07
3 44
5 19
9 03

1 74

2 49

3 93
5 20
9 64

(Schreinemakers and Deuss )
fMetastable solutions

*Solutions also sat with respect to MnSO4,
H20

Solubility of MnS04-h4H20 in alcohol+Aq

t

%H20

% alcohol

% MnSCU

50

63 74
65 21
65 23
64 83
59 41

0
6 67
16 02
22 63
36 47

36 26
28 12
18 75
12 54
4 12

35

61 4
62 13
62 06
62 01
*62 15
*54 85
50 69
50 16

0
5 50
6 46
7 48
9 24
41 71
47 73
48 27

38 6
32 37
31 48
30 51
28 61
3 44
1 58
1 57

30

61 4
61 43
61 25
60 78
*61 16
*52 31
44 83
30 95
9 19

0
2 26
5 09
5 96
8 69
45 20
54 19
68 97
90 80

38 6
36 31
33 66
*33 26
30 15
2 49
0 98
0 08
0 01

g H20

55 86
52 25
49 41
45 34
42 56

g alcohol

30 03
43 59
47 66
53 00
56 24

MnSCh 4H2O

14 11
4 16
2 94
1 66
1 20

(Linebarger, Am Ch J 1892, 14 380 )

Solubility of MnSO4+5H2O in alcohol+Aq
Composition of the solution sat with
MnS04+5H20

t°

alcohol layer

water layer

alcohol

Mn£o4

alcohol

Mn§O4

10
15
17 6
21
25

37 06
44 56
47 11
53 55
53 09

5 44
2 79
2 22
1 10
1 23

13 78

9 25
8 53
6 10

6 81

25 25
29 79
30 88
35 05
33 72

Composition of solution sat with solid
substance at 25°

The solutions also sat with respect to one
another

(Schreinemakers and Deuss )

%H20

% alcohol

% MnS04

Solid phase

60 7
*59 47
*45 68
42 05
23 30

0
6 81
53 09
57 39
76 70

39 3
33 72
1 23
0 56
0 0

MnSO4+5H2O

t

u
tt

MnS04+H2O

*The two liquids are sat with respect to one
another

SULPHATE CUPRIC OXIDE, MANGANOUS

995

Composition of the two solutions sat with
respect to one another at 25°

Manganous hydrazine sulphate, MnH2(S04)2,
2N2H4

1 pt is sol m 60 pts H20 at 18°
Stable in the air at 100° (Curtms, J pr
1894, (2) 50 331 )

Manganous nickel potassium sulphate,
MnS04, NiS04, 2K2S04-fl2H2O Sol
inHaO (Vohl, A 94 57)

Water layer

Alcohol layer

% alcohol

% MnS04

% alcohol

% MnSO*

*6 81
8 48
15 02

*33 72
31 51
22 61

*53 09
49 76
32 75

1 23
1 83
8 01

*Also sat with MnSO4, 5H20

(Schrememakers and Deuss )

Insol in absolute ether between 5° and 7°,
and no crystal H2O is removed thereby
Insol m boiling oil of turpentine, but 1 mol
crystal H2O is removed from MnS04+4H20
(Brandes, Pogg 20 568 )

Insol m benzomtrile (Naumann, B 1914,
47 1370 ) , ethyl acetate Naumann, B
1910,43 314), acetone (Naumann, B 1904,
37 4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

100 g sat solution m glycol contain 0 5

MnS04 (de Comnck, Bull Ac roy Belg

905 359)

MnS04-(-7H20 occurs as the min
d^te

Mallar-

Manganomanganic sulphate, MnO, MnO2,

4S03+9H20
Deliquescent Decomp by H20 Sol

liqu

little dil
475)

H2S04+Aq (Fremy, C R 82

Manganic sulphate, Mn2(S04)3

Extremely deliquescent Sol m H2O with
evolution of heat, and decomposition into a
basic sulphate Behaves similarly with
dilute acids Sol m traces in cold cone H2SO4
Insol m cold cone HNOa+Aq Sol in cone
HCl+Aq Deoomp by absolute alcohol
(Canus, A 98 53)

Manganyl sulphate, Mn02, S03

Sol m H2SO4 but solution decomp if
below 40-60° Baumc bolubihty m 40°
Baumd acid = 15% 55°, 4-5% bolution can
be heated to 60-SO0 without decomp (Bad
Amhn u bodafabnk, C C 1905, II 1398 )

Manganous hydrogen sulphate

MnS04issol in 20 pts boiling cone H2SO4,
more sol m boiling H2b04+Aq of 1 6 sp gr
(Schultz )

MnH2(SO4)2, and+H2O Sol m H2O with
de^omp (Schultz)

MnH6(b04)4 bol m H20 with decomp
(Schultz )

Manganic hydrogen sulphate, Mn2H2(SO4)4+

8H2O

Deliquescent Decomp by H20 Sol m
dil H2SO4+Aq (Francke, J pr (2) 36 251 )

Manganous potassium sulphate, K2SO4,

MnS04+2H20
+4H20 Efflorescent (Pierre, A ch (3)

16 239)

80

2MnS04, K2SO4
301)

(Mallet, C N 1899,

Manganic potassium sulphate, K2Mn2(SO4)4

+24H20
Decomp by dissolving in H20
hch)

(Mitscher-

Manganomangamc potassium sulphate,

Mn6(S04)8, 5K2S04=3Mn(S04)2,

2MnS04, 5K2S04

Decomp by much H20 Sol in dil or
cone H2S04 Insol in alcohol or ether
(Francke, J pr (2) 36 166 )

Manganous potassium zinc sulphate, MnS04|

2K2S04, ZnS04+12H2O
Sol m H20 (Vohl )

Manganous rubidium sulphate, MnS04,
Kb2SO4+6H2O

Sol m H20 (Tutton, Chem Sop 63 337 )

1 1 H2O dissolves 357 g anhydrous salt
at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27, 459 )

+2H20 (Wyrouboff , Bull Soc Mm 1891,
14 242)

2MnS04, Rb2S04 (Wyrouboff )

sulphate, Mn2(S04)8,
Z anorg

Manganic rubidium
Rb2S04+24H20

Deliquescent (Christensen,
1901, 27 333 )

Manganous sodium sulphate, MnSO4, Na2S04
-)-2H2O Deliquescent in moist air

(Geiger )

-f-4H20 Sol in 1 2 pts boiling H2O

(Geiger )

Manganous sulphate ammonia, MnSO4,4NH3
Decomp by H2O (Rose Pogg 20 148 )

Manganous sulphate cupric oxide, MnS04,

2CuO+3H2O

(Mailhe, A ch 1902, (7) 27 392 )
MnS04 3CuO-fzH20 (Recoura, C R

1901, 132 1415 )
MnS04, 24CuO-J-zH2O (Recoura)

996

SULPHATE HYDRAZINE, MANGANOUb

Manganous sulphate hydrazine, MnS04,
2N2H4

Very unstable

Somewhat sol inNH4OH+Aq (Franzen,
Z anorg 1908, 60 285 )

Manganous sulphate hydroxylamine, MnS04,

NH2OH+2H2O
Insol in H2O (Feldt, B 1894, 27 405 )

g per 100 g sat solution

Merctirous sulphate* Tt>as?C| ?^g2^i BOg-t"

t°

H20

K2S04

Hg2SO4

free H2S04

Sol in 25,000 pts H2O at 20° (Gouy, C
R 1900, 130 1401 )

15

2 90
5 70

0 0475
0 0703

0 0080
0 0093

Mercurous sulphate, Hg2S04
Sol in 500 pts cold, and 300 pts hot H20
(Wackenroder, A 41 319 )

8 22

8 77
Q 44

0 0912
0 0994
0 1080

0 0098
0 0110

Solubility in H20 at 18° = 7 8X10 4 g mol
per liter (Wilsmore, Z phys Ch 1900, 35

33

2 94
5 68

0 0677
0 1015

0 0250
0 0350

305 )
1 1 H2O dissolves 1171X104 g-mol
HgoS04 at 25° (Drucker, Z anorg 1901, 28
362)

8 30
10 70
11 90

0 1364
0 1724
0 1902

0 0441
0 0438
0 0420

Solubility in H20 at t°

,75

3 10

0 1344

0 1681

57K

0919H

091 Q*

t°

In 100 pts of the solution

8 50

0 2951

0 2514

(

13 20

0 4610

0 2503

±Ig2bU4

Jd.2taO4

17 30

0 6440

0 2225

16 5
33

0 055
0 060

0 008
0 018

(Barre, A ch 1911, f8) 24 202 )

50

75
91

0 065
0 074
0 084

0 037
0 063
0 071

About 3 times as sol in sat ZnfeO4H-Aq as
in distilled HO (Wright, Phil Mag (5)
1885 19 29 )

100

0 092

0 071

(Barre, A ch 1911, (8) 24 203 )

Solubility in H20 at 25° is 20% greater
than at 18° and = 11 71X10-4 g mol per 1
By addition of increasing amts of H2SO4 the
solubility is somewhat, but not regularly,
decreased, K2SO4 lowers solubility less than
H2S04 (Drucker, Z anorg 1901, 28 362 )

Easily sol m dil HN03+Aq, from which
solution it is separated by dil H2S04-|-Aq
(Wackenroder, A 41 319 )

Abundantly sol in hot, less sol in cold dil
(Berzelms)

Solubility in H2SO4+Aq at 25°

H &(>4 normality

g mol HtaSO4 pei litn

0 0400
0 1000
0 2000

8 31 X 10 4
8 78 X 10 4
8 04 X 10 4

(Drucker, Z anorg 1901, 28 362 )

Partially decomp by hot NH4 salts +Aq
(Miahle, A ch (3) 5 179 )

5 times more sol m sat CdS04-fAq than
m H2O (Hulett, Phys Rev 1907, 25. 16 )

Sat ZnS04 or CdS04-f-Aq attack much less

than pure H20, yet the solubility of Hg2SO4
in these solutions is greater, ^ e , 0 8 g in
1 1 ZnS04+Aq and 1 1 g mil CdS04-f
Aq at 20° (Gouy, C B 1900, 130 1402 )

Solubility in 0 2N K2SO4+Aq = 9 05X10 *
g mol per 1 at 25° (Drucker, Z anorg
1901, 28 362 )

Solubility of Hg2S04

(Mailhe, A ch 1902, (7) 27 394 )
3HgO, bOd (Mineral

Sol in 2000 pts roll aril (> )() pts Idling II ()
(Fourcroy A ch 10 M7 )

Sol in 43,478 pts H20 it 16° \\htn pptd
cold, and m 32,258 pts it 10° \\lun pptd it
100° (Cameion, Z anil 19 144)

SI sol m warm dil H2S()4+Aq (Rose)

Solubility in H/) is imnisul by iddition
of H2S04 up to an uid content of 4 i mol
S03 to 93 7 mols H O (Hoitsun i, / phys
Ch 1895, 17 665 )

Sol in warm cone JK1 01 JIHi+Ao
(Ditte )

Sol m dlkah chlond<s-fAq (Mnlih )

Sol in dil HNO3 01 in HCl+Aq More
easily sol m the wirrn mds (JR ly, Chorn
Soc 1897, 71 1099 )

3HgO, 2S03+9H/) (Hoitscnu, Z phys
Ch 1895, 17 659 )

4HgO, 3S03 (Hopkins Sill Am I 18
364)

Mercuric sulphate, HgS04

Deeomp by H2O into 3HgO, SO3, and a
sol acid salt Sol in dil H2S04+Aq De-
comp by all acids (Berzehus )

SULPHATE, MOLYBDENUM

997

Sol in warm cone HC1 or HBr+Aq, very
si sol in boiling cone HI+Aq (Ditte, A
ch (5) 17 124 )

Very si sol m hot cone HF (Ditte, A ch
1879, (5) 17 125 )

Sol in HCN+Aq (Mohr )

Sol with decomp in NaCl+Aq (Miahle )

Insol m liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 829

Insol in cone alcohol

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904,
37 4329), methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910, 43 314 j

Insol in benzomtnle (Naumann, B 1914,
47 1370)

Insol in pyridine (Schroeder, Dissert

+H20 Decomp by H20 (Eisfeldt,
Pharm Centr 1853 812)

Mercuromercunc sulphate, Hg20, 2HgO, S08
Insol in cold H2O, not decomp by boiling
2O^ Decomp by HCl+Aq (Brooke, Pogg

Am

66 63)

Hg2SO4, I
Chem Soc 1;

gS04 (Baskerville, J
97, 19 875 )

Mercuric hydrogen sulphate, HgH2(S04)2
(Braham, C N 42 163 )

Mercuric potassium sulphate, 3HgS04,

K2S04-h2H20
Sol m H20 (Hirzel, J B 1850 332 )

Mercuric sulphate chloride ammonium

chloride, 2HgS04, HgCl2, 2NH4C1
Decomp with H2O Ether dissolves out
HgCl2 (Kosmann, A ch (3) 27 238 )

Mercuric sulphate cyanide, HgS04, Hg(CN)2

4-5H2O

Decomp by cone or warm acids (Rupp.
Arch Pharm 1912, 250 280 )

Mercuric sulphate hydrazine, HgS04, N2H4

Ppt (Hofmarm and Marburg, \ 1899.
306 216)

Mercunc sulphate hydrobromide, HgS04,
2HBr

Sol in H^O without separation of basic sul-
phate (Ditte, A ch (5) 17 122 )

3HgO, feO3, 6HBr Sol m HoO (Ditte )

Mercuric sulphate hydrochlonde, HgS04,
HC1

Not attacked by HC1 SI sol m HNO3
(Baskerville, J Am Chem feoc 1901, 23
895)

HgSO4, 2HC1 Sol in H2O without sep-
aration of a basic salt Very sol m warm
H2SO4, solidifying on cooling if -very cone ,
or crystallising if dil (Ditte )

Very deliquescent

Very sol in H2O (Baskerville, J Am
Chem Soc 1901, 23 895 )

+H2O (Baskerville, J Am Chem SOP
1901, 23 895 )

3HgO, SO3, 6HC1 Sol in H2O (Ditte )

Mercunc sulphate hydroxylamine, HgSO4.
2NH2OH+H20

Decomp by cold H2O (Adams, Am Ch
J 1902, 28 209 )

Mercuric sulphate lodate iodide, 6(3HgO.

2S08), 6HgI2, Hg(I08)2
Decomp by H2O and acids (Bruckner,
M 1907, 28 961 )

Mercunc sulphate iodide, basic, 3HgO, 2S03,

HgI2

3(3HgO, 2S08), 2HgI2+10H2O
2(3HgO, 2S08), HgI2+10H20 Very sol

m hot cone HNO3
3HgO, 2S03, HgS04, HgI2+10H20

(Ditte, 6 E, 1905, 140 1167 )

Mercunc sulphate iodide, HgSO4j HgI2

Decomp by F2O, not bv alcohol or ether
(Riegel, J B pr Pharm 11 396 )

3HgS04, HgI2 Decomp by cold or hot
H2O Sol in H2SO4+Aq (Ditte, C B
1905.140 1165)

4HgSO4, HgI2 + 15H2O, and + 18H20 De-
comp by cold or hot H20

Sol mH2S04 (Ditte)

Mercunc sulphate phosphide

See jDimercuriphosphomum mercuric sul-
phate

Mercunc sulphate sulphide, basic, 2HgO,
SO3, Hg£

Somewhat sol in HC1, H2SO4 and HNO3
(Jacobson, Pogg 1846, 68 412

4HgO, 3SO3, 2Hgb+4H2O SI sol m
H2SO4 (Estrup, Z anorg 1909, 62 169 )

Mercunc sulphate sulphide, 2HgS04j HgS
SI sol in hot HC1, H2SO4, or HNO3+Aq

Easilv sol m hot aqua regia (Jacobson,

Pogg 68 410)

2HgSO4, HgS (Palm, C C 1863 122 )
HgSO4j 2HgS (Barfoed, J B 1864 282 )
Sol in aqua regia (Deniges, Bull Soc

1915, (4) 17 355)
HgSO4, 3Hgb Insol in H2O Easily sol

in aqua regia, decomp by HNO3 into —
3HgS04, HgS Insol in all acids except

aqua regia (Spring, A 199 116)

Molybdenum ses^utsulphate (?)

Basic Insol in H2O

Neutral Decomp by H2O into acid and
basic salts

Acid Sol in H2O (Berzehus )

SULPHATE, MOLYBDENUM

Molybdenum ^sulphate (?)
Sol in H20

Molybdenum sulphate, Mo20fi, 2S08
Very slowly sol in cold, more quickly sol

in hot H2O (Bailhache, C R 1901, 132 476 )
7MoO8, 2MoO2, 7S08+Aq (Pochard, C

R 1901, 132 630

Molybdic sulphate, Mo08, S08

Deliquescent Sol in EhO (Schultz-
SeUack, B 4 14 )

MoOs, 3SO3+2H2O Deliquescent Par-
tially sol in H2O (Anderson, Berz J B 22
161)

Does not exist (Schultz-Sellack )

Molybdenum sulphate ammonia,

5NH3, Mo02S03, 7Mo08-f 8H20
3NH3, MoOjSO., 7Mo03+10H20
Both very sol in water but less sol in E^O

containing ammonium salts (Pochard, C R

1901, 132 630 )

Neodymium sulphate, basic, Nd208, S08

Insol in H2O

Nearly insol in dil acids (Wohler, B
1913, 46 1730 )

Insol in H20 (Matignon. C R 1902,
134 658)

Neodynuum sulphate, Nd2(S04)8+8H20
Solubihty in 100 pts H20 at t°

t°

pts NdiCSOOs

0

9 50

16

7 05

30

5 04

50

3 72

80

2 70

100

2 21

(Muthmann and Rolig, B 1898, 31 1728 )

Neodymium hydrogen sulphate, Nd(S04H)8
(Brauner, Z anorg 1904, 38 331 )

Neodymium potassium sulphate

Cryst modification more sol in cold than
in hot H2O (Boudouard, C R 1898, 126
901 )

(Berzelms )
(Athanasesco, C R

Nickel sulphate, basic

Very si sol in H20

6NiO, 5S03+4H20
103 271)

7NiO, 7H2O, S08+3H20 Nearly insol
in H20 (Habermann, M 6 432 )

5NiO, S03, 5NiO, 2S03,and5NiO, 3SO3
(Pickering, Chem Soc 1907, 91 1985 )

6NiO S03 (Stromhohn C C 1906, 1 1222 )

Nickel sulphate, NiS04

100 pts H20 dissolve pts NiSO4 at t°

2
304

16°
374

20°
397

23°
41

31°
45 3 pts NiSO*

41° 50° 53° 60° 70°
49 1 52 54 4 57 2 61 9 pts NiSOi
(Tobler A 95 193 )

100 pts of sat solution contain at 11 14° 2884
at 18 20° 30 77 pts anhydrous salt (v Hauer W
A B 53 2 221 )

100 pts H20 at 112 5° dissolve 185 71 pts NiSO*
(Griffiths )

NiS04+7H20 is sol in 3 pts H20 at 12 5° (Tup
puti )

100 pts H20 at 155° dissolve 756 pts NiSO*+
7H20

Sat NiS04+Aq contains at
—3° +2° 5° 11° 17° 54°
21 7 22 7 23 1 25 2 26 6 33 6% NiSO<

68° 74° 92° 97° 110° 117° 119°
382 387 424 442 465 488 494% NiS04
(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 552 )

See ako below under hydrated salts
Sp gr of NiSQ4-fAq containing g NiS04+
7H20 in 1000 g H20 at 23 5°

140 5 g (-Jimol) 281
1073 1136

4215
1190

562
1238

6025
1280

843
1317

9835
1349

1124
1378

Containing NiS04 (anhydrous)
77 5 g ( - Vamol ) 155 232 5 310 387 5 465
1 079 1 153 1 224 1 292 1 358 1 421

(Gerlach, Z anal 28 468 )

Sp gr of NiSO4+Aq at 0° S = pts NiSO4
in 100 pts solution, Si = mols NiS04 in
100 mols solution

s

Si

fep gr

4 2930
3 9591
3 2845
2 5043
1 6131
0 8327

0 581
0 476
0 392
0 297
0 189
0 097

1 0522
1 0431
1 0357
1 0271
1 0175
1 0089

(Charpy, A ch (6) 29 26 )

Sp gr of NiSC>4+Aq at room temp con-
taining

10 62 18 19 25 35% NiSO4
1 0925 1 1977 1 3137
(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 272 )

Sp gr of NiS04+Aq at 25°

Concentration of NiSO4

+Aq

Sp gr

1-normal

Vr- "
V4- "
V^ "

1 0773
1 0391
1 0198
1 0017

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 39 )

SULPHATE, NICKEL

999

For solubility of NiSO4+Na2S04 in H2O,
see under NiS04-f-7H20 and NiNa2(S04)2
100 pts sat NiS04+ZnS044-Aq at 18-20°
contain 35 45 pts of the two salts (v Hauer )
Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 828 )
HCzHsOa precipitates it completely from
aqueous solution (Persoz )
100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
0 5 pt NiS04 at 18° (de Bruyn, Z phys
Ch 10 783)

Solubility of NiSO4, 3CH40-f-3H20 in methyl
alcohol at 14°

P = % anhydrous NiS04 in the sat solu-
tions

-f-6H2O Two modifications o-bluer
tetragonal, £-green, monoclmic

Solubility of a- NiS04, 6H30 in H2O at t°

Salt used

t°

g NiSO4
in 100
g H20

Salt remaining

NiSO4+6H2O (blue)

NiS04+7H2O

NiSO4+6H2O
NiSCU+7H2O
NiSO4-t-6H20 (blue)

323

330
340
356
447
447
500
510
520
530

4357

4335
4384
4379
4805
4797
5015
5066
5234
5234

NiS04 + 6H2O
(blue)

(Steele and Johnson )
Solubility of 0- NiSO4, 6H20 in H2O at t°

Alcohol
by wt

P

In 1000 mol of the solution

Mol
NiSO*

Mol
CHiO

Mol
H20

Salt used

t°

g NiS04
per 100
g H*0

Salt remaining

100
97 5
95
92 5

90,
89
88
87
86
85

3 72
0 77
0 455
0 50
0 70
I 01
1 25
1 48
1 73
1 93

7 75
1 65
0 96
1 0
1 6
2 0
2 4
2 9
3 2
3 6

969
950
908
871
830
814
800
781
767
755

23 2

48 5
91
128
168
184
198
216
230
241

NiSO4+6H20(bIue)

NiSO4+6HaO(blue)
NiSOi-KHsO
NiSO4+6H2O(blue)
NiSO4+7HaO
NiSO4-t-7HaO

NiSO4+6H20(blue)
NiSO44-6H2O(bhie)
NiSO4+7H2O
NiSO4+7H2O

54 5

^570

leoo

690
700
730

|soo

890
990

5250

5340

5484

5838
5944
6072

63 17

6790
7671

NiSO4+6HO
(green)

(de Bruyn, R t c 1903, 22 418 )

This salt is more sol m ethyl alcohol than
in methyl alcohol

See aho under hydrated salts

For solubility of NiSO4 in ethyl alcohol,
see under hydrated salts

100 g sat solution m glycol contain 9 7 g
NiSO4 at ord temp (de Comnck, Bull Ac
Roy Belg 1905 359 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate, (Naumann,
B 1904, 37, 3602 )

Very si sol in acetone (Krug and
M'Elroy )

Insol m acetone (Naumann, B 1904,
37 4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014)

+H2O Very si sol in abs methyl al-
cohol After standing m contact with it for
8-9 months, the solution contams 1 34%
NiS04 (de Bruyn R t c 1903, 22 414 )

+2H2O Cryst from sat NiS04-f Aq at
131° (Steele and Johnson )

-HH2O Solubility in methyl alcohol +
Aq at 10° Time = 24 hrs P = % anhydrous
salt in the sat solutions
Alcohol of 100% 80% 50% 20% water
P 738 066 143 148 251

(de Bruyn, R t c 1903, 22 414 )

(Steele and Johnson, Chem Soc 1904, 86
118)

Tr point from a- to j8- salt = 53 3° (Steele
and Johnson )

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
31 6 pts NiS04-!-6H2O at 17°, 100 pts 93 5%
methyl alcohol dissolve 7 8 pts NiSO4+
6H2O at 18°, 100 pts 50% methyl alcohol
dissolve 1 9 pts NiSO4+6H2O at 18° (de
Bruyn, Z phys Ch 10 786 )

a-Salt Solubility m methyl alcohol -fAq
at 14° Time = 5 to 6 hrs

In 1000 mol of the solution

Alcohol
% by wt

NiS04

Mol
NiS04

Mol
CH4O

Mol
HaO

100

12 4

26

794

180

97 5

10 6

22 3

808

170

95

6 5

14

817

169

92 5

3 06

5 9

838

156

90

1 18

2 3

821

177

85

0 315

0 57

757

242

80

0 25

0 4

688

312

60

0 46

0 8

453

546

40

2 43

3 5

265

732

20

14 7

21

105

874

0 (water)

26 0

39

0

961

(de Bruyn, R t c 1903, 22 412 )

1000 SULPHATE, NICKEL

ft salt Solubility in methyl alcohol +Aq at

Solubility in 100 pts H20 at t° — Continued

14° Tnne=24hrs

Pts

Pts

Pts

A 1/knVml

In 1000 mol of the solution

t°

NiSO*

t°

NiS04

t°

NiS04

AJ.co.noJ
% by wt

Nilo.

Mol

Mol

Mol

99

83 1

103

85 6

107

88 1

NiSO4

CH4O

H20

100

83 7

104

86 2

108

88 7

100

15 7

33 8

763

203

101
102

84 3
84 9

105
106

86 8
87 5

108 4

88 7

97 5

12 4

26

781

193

95
92 5
90

10 0
5 61
2 35

20 3
11 1
4 5

784
800
810

196
189
185

(Mulder, calculated from his own and Tob-
ler's determinations, Scheik Verhandel 1864

70 ^

89

1 79

i \j )

88

1 29

87
86

QK

0 97
0 735

OCfi

In

TC K.

C\A A

Solubility in H2O at t°

OO

80
60

Ol

0 415
0 75

3
0 7
1 3

755
682
453

244
317
546

Salt used

t°

g NiSO
mlOO
gH20

Salt remaining

4 0

739

20

14 1

21 0

105

/ Qu

874

NiS04+7H20

-5

25 74

NiS04+7H20

0 (water)

27 2

40 0

0

960

0

27 22

'

Ol CK

<c

(de Bruyn )

15

Ol OO

34 19

|

22 6

37 90

22 8

38 88

+7H2O

30 0

Solubility in 100 pts H2O at t°, using
NiS04+7H20

NiS04+6H20
NiS04+7H20

30 0
32 3

42 47
44 02

t°

Pts

NiSO*

t°

Pts
NiS04

t°

Pts
NiS04

33 0
34 0

45 74
45 5

0

29 3

33

45 5

66

63 6

(Steele and Johnson,

Chem Soc 1904, 85

1

29 7

34

46 0

67

64 1

116)

2

30 1

35

46 5

68

64 7

3

30 5

36

47 0

69

65 3

4
5
6
7
S
9
10

31 0
31 5
32 0
32 5
33 0
33 5
34 0

37
38
39
40
41
42
43

47 5
48 0
48 5
49 0
49 6
50 1
50 6

70
71
73
72
74
75
76

65 9
66 5
67 0
67 6
68 2
68 8
69 3

M-pt of NiS04-h7H20= 98-100° (Til-
den, Chem Soc 45 409 )
Tr point from o-6H20 salt to 7H2O salt =
31 5° (Steele and Johnson )
Exists also in an unstable, more soluble
modification (Fedorow, C C 1903, II

11

34 5

44

51 2

77

69 9

95 )

12

35 0

45

51 7

78

70 5

13
14
15

35 5
36 0
36 5

46
47
48

52 3
52 8
53 4

79

80
81

71 1
71 7
72 3

Solubility of NiS047H2O-fNd,2SO410H2O
in 100 g H2O at t°

16
17

37 0
37 5

49
50

53 9
54 5

82
83

72 9
73 5

t

grams NiSO4

trains Na fc>(>4

18

38 0

51

55 0

84

74 1

0
5
10

22 46

10 09

19
20

38 5
39 0

52
53

55 6
56 1

85
86

74 6
75 2

25 28

9S 9ft

15 245
20 ()4

21

39 5

54

56 7

87

75 8

A(j £l\J

22
23

24

40 0
40 5
41 0

55
56
57

57 3
57 9
58 4

88
89
90

76 4
77 0
77 6

(Koppel, Z phys Ch 1905, 52
See al*>o under NiNa2(S04)4

401 )

25

41 5

58

59 0

91

78 2

26
27
28
29
30
31
32

42 0
42 5
43 0
43 5
44 0
44 5
45 0

59
60
61
62
63
64
65

59 6
60 2
60 7
61 3
61 9
62 4
63 0

92
93
94
95
96
97
98

78 8
79 4
80 1
80 7
81 3
81 9
82 5

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve 46
pts NiS04-f7H20 at 17°, 100 pts absolute
methyl alcohol dissolve 24 7 pts NiSO4+
7H20 at 4°, 100 pts 93 5% methyl alcohol dis-
solve 10 1 pts NiS04+7H20 at 4°, 100 pts
50% methyl alcohol dissolve 2 pts NiSO4-f
7H2Oat4° (de Bruyn, Z phys Ch 10 786)

SULPHATE, NICKEL ZINC

1001

Solubility m methyl alcohol +Aq at 14°
Tune, 5 to 6 hrs

Nickel rubidium sulphate, NiS04, Rb2S04+
6H20
Sol in H2O (Tutton, Chem Soc 63 337 )
1 1 H^O dissolves 59 8 g anhydrous
salt at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902,27 459)

Nickel sodium sulphate, NiNa2(S04)2+4H20

Solubility of NiNa2(SO4)2 4H20 in 100 g H2O
att°

Alcohol
% by wt

Nifo4

In 1000 mol of solution

Mol
NiSCU

Mol
CEUO

Mol
H«O

100
97 5
95
92 5
90
85
84
83
82
81
80
60
45
40
35
30
20
0 (water)

16 8
13 9
11 6
8 12
5 78
1 52
1 06
0 985
0 83
0 665
0 653
0 805
1 73
2 78
4 55
6 33
13 7
26 4

35 7
29
23 6
16 2
11 2
3

1 2
1 3

4

20
39 5

714
734
742
760

758
744

687
453

264

105
0

250
237
234 5
224
231
253

312

546

732

875
960 5

t°

grams NiSO*

grams NaaSOi

20
25
30
35
40

29
27
24
23
21

31
33
64
66

88

26
25
22
21
20

87
33
58
67
65

(Koppel, Z phys Ch 1905, 62 401 )

Solubility of NiNa2(SO4)2 4H2O +NiS04
7H20 in 100 g H20 at t°

t°

grams
NiSO*

grama
NaS04

t°

grams
NiS04

grams
NaaS04

(de Bruyn, B t c 1903, 22 411 )

100 g absolute ethyl alcohol dissolve 1 3
S NiS04+7H20 at 4°, and * 2 g at 17° (de
Bruyn, Z phys Ch 10 786 )
Mm Moreno site

Nickel hydrazine sulphate, NiH2(S04)2,
2N2H4
1 pt is sol in 275 5 pts H2O at 18° SI
sol in hot H2O Sol in HNO3 with decomp ,
insol in HC1 Sol in NH4OH+Aq (Cur-
tius, J pr 1894, (2) 50 331 )

Nickel potassium sulphate, NiS04, K2S04+
6H20

Sol in 8 9 pts II2O (Tupputi )

100 pts H2O dissolve at
0° 10° 14° 20° 30°
53 89 10 5 13 8 18 6 pts anhydrous salt,

QA° AQO ££0 ftfl° 7K°

18 5
20
25

30 70
31 59
33 11

25 805
25 355
23 07

30
35
40

34 98
36 01
37 935

19 825
16 435
14 295

(Koppel )

Solubility of NiNa2(SO4)24H20+Na2S04
10H20 in 100 g H20 at t°

t°

grams

NiSO4

grams NaSCU

18 5
20
25
30

26
24
18
9

14
07

81

87

29 455
31 365
37 13
44 25

(Koppel )

Solubility of NiNa2(SO4)24H20-}-Na2SO4
(anhydrous) m 100 g H20 at t°

t°

grams NiSCh

grams NaaSCh

35

40

7 13
7 245

49 595
49 03

20 4 27 7 32 4 35 4 45 6 pts anhydrous salt
(Tobler, A 96 193 )

Saturated solution contains at
20° 40° 60° 80°
87 12 3 17 6 22 0% anhydrous salt
(v Hauer, J pr 74 433 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 68 8 g anhvdrous
salt at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 97 459 )

Nickel potassium zinc sulphate, NiS04,

2K2S04, ZnS04-fl2H20
Sol m H2O (Vohl, A 94 51 )

(Koppel )

Nickel thallium sulphate, NiSO4, Tl2SO4-f
6H2O

Easily sol in H2O Can be reeryst from
little H2O without decomp (Werther, J pr
92 132 )

1 1 H2O dissolves 46 1 g anhydrous salt
at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27, 459 )

Nickel zinc sulphate, NiS04, ZnS04+13H20
Sol in 3-4 pts cold H20 Insol in alcohol

(Tupputi, 1811 )
Completely sol in NH4OH+Aq
2NiSO4, 2ZnSO4, H2SO4 (Etard, C R

87 602)

1002

SULPHATE AMMONIA, NICKEL

Nickel sulphate ammonia, NiS04, 6NH8
Sol in H2O with separation of hydroxide

(Rose, Pogg 20 151 )
NiSO4, SNHs-i-SHHsO Deliquescent

(Andre", C R 106 936 )
NiS04, 4NH3-|-2H2O Easily sol in H2O

Can be recrystallized out of little H20 In-

sol even in dil alcohol (Erdmann )

Nickel sulphate cupnc oxide, NiS04, 2CuO+
6H2O

(Mailhe, Bull Soc 1902, (3) 27 172 )

2NiSO4, 3CuO+10H20. and +12H20
(Mailhe)

5NiS04, 16CuO-f-3H2O (Recoura, C R
1901, 132 1415 )

NiS04, 20CuO-fsH20 (Recoura)

Nickel sulphate, hydrazine, NiS04, 3N2H4
Ppt (Curtius, J pr 1894, (2) 50 343 )

Nickel sulphate hydroxylamine, NiS04,
6NH2OS

Decomp byH20 (Uhlenhut.A 1899.307
334)

Nitrosyl sulphate, H(NO)S04
See Nitrosulphomc acid

Osmious sulphate

Easily sol in H20 and alcohol

Osnuc sulphate

Sol in H20 (Berzehus )

PaUadous sulphate, basic, PdS04, 7PdO+
6H2O, and 10H20

Insol m H20 Easily sol in HCl+Aq
(Kane )

PaUadous sulphate, PdS04-f 2H20

Dehquescent in moist air, very sol in H2O,
but decomp by much H20, with separation
of a basic salt (Kane )

Phosphoryl sulphate, (PO)2(S04), (?)

Possible composition of Weber's (B 20

86) P206, 3S03 (?)

3P204, 2S08 Immediately decomp by

H2O (Adie, C N 1891, 63 102 )

Platuuc sulphate, Pt(S04)2

Deliquescent Sol m H20, alcohol, or
ether, also m HSP04, HC1, and HN03+Aq
(Berzelms )

HaPtO^SCU Sol mH20 (Blondel,A ch
1905, (8) 6 109 )

Pt02LSOs4-4H20 Ppt Decomp by H20
Sol in EE2SO4

PtS04(OH)a, 4Pt(OH)4+3H20 Ppt
(Prost, Bull Soc (2) 46 156 )

Pt8S04018 + 16H20 As above (Prost )

Platinum hydroxylanune sulphate,
Pt(NH2OH)4S04

Only si sol mH20,sol in dil H2S04+Aq
(Uhlenhut, A 1900,311 123)

Platuuc potassium sulphate, basic

Insol in boiling H20, HN03, H2S04,
HsPCH, HC2H302, or NH4OH-hAq Easily
sol in boiling BCCl+Aq SI decomp by
aqua regia (E Davy )

Ptio(S04)2Oio, 3K2SO4+34H20 Insol in
H20 (Prost, BuU Soc (2) 46 156 )

Pti8(S04)022, 5K2S04+34H20 As above
(Prost )

Platinum rubidium sulphate, Pt6Rb6(S04)44-

17H20
Sol in H20 (Prost, Bull Soc (2) 46 156 )

Platinum sulphate sulphocarbamide, PtS04,

4CS(NH2)2

Insol in H20 Sol in cone H2S04 without
decomp (Kurnakow J pr 1894, (2) 50,
489)

Potassium sulphate, K2S04

Not hygroscopic in the ordinary sense of the
word 100 pts K2SO4 over HaO at 14r-20°
absorb 58 pts HaO in 22 days, and finally de-
liquesce completely (Mulder )

12 pts K2S04 mixed with 100 pts H20
lower the temp 3 3° (Rudorff, B 2 68 )

100 pts H20 dissolve with absorption of
heat at 0°

8 36 pts K2S04 (Gay-Lussac )

846 " (Mulder)

85 " (Gerardin )

731 " (Moller, Pogg 117 386)

73-79 " (Nordenskiold, Pogg

136 314)

100 pts H20 at 0° dissolve 8 36 pts KaS04 at 12 72°
10 57 pts at 49 08° 16 91 pts at 63 90° 19 29 pts
at 10150° 2633 pts (Gay Lussac A ch (2) 11 311 )

Solubility m 100 pts H2O at t°

1°

Pts
K2S04

t°

Pts
K,S04

0
15 65

28 1

7 8
10 3
12 8

47 0
70 2
98 0

16 0
20 3
23 9

(Nordenskiold Pogg 136 341 )

100 pts sat KaSO4 at 101 7° contain 17 5 pts K2SO4
or 100 pts HaO at 101 25 dissolve 21 212 pts K2fc>O4
(Griffiths )

100 pts H20 at 102 8° dissolve 29 pts K2SO4 (Penny)
at 15° 7 3 6 25 pts (Ure s Diet ) at 100° 20 pts
(Ure s Diet ) at 100° 24 2 pts (Wenzel)

Sol m 9 081 pts HaO at 15 (Gerlach) m 16 pts at
15° and 5 pts at irin rn*™*™ r,«\ m ig pts cold and
5 pts ii 1 1 0 pts cold and 5 pts

boihnt IT \' i'< in 12 pts H 26 at 0° and 4 pts
boiling HaO (M R and P ) in 12 pts HaO at 18 75°

KaSOi sat at 15° has sp gr =1 0774 and contains
10055 pts KaS04 ip 100 pts H2O (Michel and
Krafft A ch (3) 41 478 )

100 pts H2O dissolve 9 26 pts K2SO4 at
156°, and sat solution has sp gr =1 177
(Page and Keightley, Chen- Soc (2) 10 566 )

SULPHATE, POTASSIUM

1003

Solubility m 100 pts H20 at t°

100 ccm H20 dissolve 12 04 g K2SO4 at
25° (Trevor, Z phys Ch 7 468 )
Sat K2SO4"fAq contains at
21° 23° 60° 99° 130°
101 103 145 191 211%K2S04,

130° 152° 175° 195° 220°
213 228 245 238 24 6% K2S04
(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 549 )

Solubility of K2SO4 m H20 at t°
G K2SO4 per 100 g H20

t°

Pts
KzSO*

t°

Pts

K2S04

t°

Pts
KsSO-t

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34

8 5
8 6
8 7
8 8
9 0
9 1
9 2
9 3
9 4
9 5
9 7
9 8
9 9
10 0
10 2
10 3
10 4
10 5
10 7
10 8
10 9
11 1
11 2
11 3
11 5
11 6
11 7
11 9
12 0
12 2
12 3
12 5
12 6
12 8
13 0

35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
1 63
64
65
66
67
68
69

13 1
13 3
13 4
13 6
13 8
14 0
14 2
14 3
14 5
14 7
14 9
15 1
15 3
15 5
15 6
15 8
16 0
16 2
16 4
16 6
16 8
17 0
17 2
17 4
17 6
17 8
18 0
18 2
18 4
18 6
18 8
19 0
19 2
19 4
19 6

70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
102 25

19 8
20 0
20 2
20 4
20 6
20 8
21 0
21 2
21 4
21 6
21 8
22 0
22 2
22 4
22 6
22 8
23 0
23 2
23 4
23 6
23 9
24 1
24 3
24 5
24 7
25 0
25 2
25 5
25 7
25 9
26 2
26 4
26 6
26 75

t° KzSO4 Sp gr t° K2S04 Spgr

0 40 7 47 1 0589 58 95 18 01 1 1089
15 70 10 37 1 0770 74 85 20 64 1 1157
31 45 13 34 1 0921 89 70 22 80 1 1194
42 75 15 51 1 1010|101 1* 24 21 1 1207

*=b-pt
(Berkeley, Phil Trans Roy Soc 1904, 203
A, 189 )

100 g H20 dissolve 0 133 gram-equivalent
K2SO4 at 25° (Van't Hoff and Meyerhofifer,
Z phys Ch 1904,49 315)
1 1 sat K2SO4H-Aq at 25° contains 0617
mols K2SO4 (Herz Z anorg 1911, 73 274 )

Solubility of K2SO4 in H2O at t°

t° % KuSCU

4 78 7 82
30 05 11 43
54 20 14 77
68 90 16 40

(Le Blanc and Schmandt, Z phys Ch 1911,
77 614)

100 g H20 dissolve 12 10 g K2SO4 at 25°

(Mulder, calculated from his own and other
experiments, fecheik Verhindel 1864 50 )

If solubility & = pts anhydrous salt m 100
pts of solution, b=7 5+0 1070t from 0° to
163° Solubility from 163° to 220° is constant
at 25 (£tard, C R 106 208 )

Solubility of K2S04 m 100 pts H£> at t

(Amadori, Rend Ace Line 1912, (5) 21 II
667)

Solubility of K2SO4 in H2O at various pres-
sures Figures denote pts K2SO4 con-
tamed in 100 pts sat K^SO4+Aq at t°
and A pressure in atmospheres

t°

Pts

t

Pts

t°

Pts

16

9 70

39

14 21

120

26 5

20

10 30

54

17 39

143

28 8

28

12 59

98

23 91

170

32 9

36

13 28

A

0°

15°

155°

162°

9 35
9 54

1
20
30

6 81
7 14
7 14

9 14

9 24
9 44

(Moller, Pogg 117 386 )

(Tiiden and fehenstone, Phil Trans 1884 23 )

Solubility of K2SO4 in H20 100 pts H2O
dissolve at

4 3° 18 4° 69 9°
8 16 10 8 19 7 pts KzSO*
(Andreae, J pr (2) 29 456 )

Sat K2S04-l-Aq boils at 101 5°. and con-
tains 26 33 pts K2S04 to 100 pts H2O (Gay-
Lussac), at 1017°, and contains 212 pts

°

K2S04 to 100 pts H20 (Griffiths), at 102 25°
and contains 26 75 pts K2SO4 to 100 pts H2O
(Mulder), boils at 103° (Kremers)

Crust forms at 101 7°, and solution con-
tains 25 3 pts K2SO4 to 100 pts H2O, highest

1004

SULPHATE, POTASSIUM

temp observed. 102 1° (Gerlach, Z anal
26 426)

B-pt of K2S04+Aq containing pts K2SC>4
to 100 pts H2O

B pt

Pts KsSOa

B pt

Pts K2SO4

100 5°
101 0
101 5

7
14 5
22 1

102°
102 1

30 0
31 6

(Gerlach, Z anal 26 430 )
Sp gr of K2S04 at 19 5°

% K2SO4

Sp gr

% KaSO*

Sp gr

2 401
4 744
6 968

1 0193
1 0385
1 0568

9 264
10 945

1 0763
1 0909

(Kremers Pogg 95 120)
Sp gr and B pt of KaS04-f Aq at 12 5°

Sp gr

1 0079
1 0151
1 0231
1 0305
1 0391

B pt

100 38°
100 63°
100 75°
100 88°
101°

6
7
8
9
10

Sp gr

1 0456
1 0524
1 0599
1 0676
1 0735

B pt

101 12
101 25°
101 25°
101 38°
101 5°

(Brandes and Gruner 1827 )

K2S04+Aq sat at 8° has 1072 sp gr
(Anthon, A 21 211 )

K2S04+Aq saturated at 12° contains
10 38% K2SO4 and has sp gr 1 0716 (Struve,
Zeit Ch (2) 5 323), satmated at 15° con-
tains 1101% K2S04 and has sp gr 10831
(Gerlach) , saturated at 18 75° contains
10 74% K2SO4 and has sp gr 1 0798 (Kars-
ten)

Sp gr of K2SO4-}-Aq at 15°

Sp gr

1 0082
1 0163
1 0245
1 0328

Sp gr

1 0410
1 0495
1 0579

9
9 92

Sp gr

1 0664
1 0750
1 0830

(Gerlach, Z anal 8 287 )
Sp gr of K2SO4+Aqat 18°

5

10

Sp gr

1 0395
1 0815

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

fof K2S04+Aq at 15°/15° a=pts
2S04 in 100 pts of the solution, b =pts
K2S04mlOOpts H2O

1
3
5

7
9
9 92

1 010
3 093
5 263
7 527
9 890
11 013

Sp gr

1 00808
1 02447
1 04091
1 05776
1 07499
1 08305

(Gerlach, Z anal 28 493 )

Sp gr of K2S04+Aq at 20° containing 0 5
mol K2S04 to 100 mols H2O = 103758,
containing 1 mol K2S04 to 100 mols H2O =
1 06744 (Nicol, Phil Mag (5) 16 122 )

Sp gr ofK2S04-fAq at 25°

Concentration of KsSCU
+Aq

1-normal
Vr- "

Sp gr

1 0664
1 0338
1 0170
1 0084

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 37 )

K2S04+Aq containing 67% K2S04 has
> gr 200/200 = 10549 (Le Blanc and
ohland, Z phys Ch 1896, 19 278 )

Sp gr of K2S04+Aq at 201°, when p =
per cent strength of solution, d = ob-
served density, w = volume cone in

/pd •

gr percc 7™ =

9 83
8 172
6 779
5 021
3 127
2 508
1 448
1 079
1 047
0 455

1 0800
1 0657
1 0539
1 0394
1 0238
1 0186
1 0100
1 0070
1 0066
1 0018

0 10615
0 08708
0 07144
0 05218
0 03202
0 02554
0 01463
0 01087
0 01053
0 004%

(Barnes, J phys Chem 1898, 2 543 )
Sp gr of K2S04+Aq at 18°

Yt K2S04 g equiv per 1

fop gr at 18

0 8327
0 7975
0 6688
0 5029
0 5016
0 2508
0 01001

1 -0567
1 0539
1 0456
1 0344
1 0340
1 0173
1 0006

(McKay, Elektrochem Zeit 1899, 6

J.UUO

Sp gr of sat K2S04+Aqatt°

between K3H(S04)2 and KHSO4, two acid
sulphates. Ka and Kb Ka is probably
K2b04, 3fcHSO4 and Kb is probably K2SO4,
6KHSO4
(D'Ans, Z anorg 1909, 63 228 )

3 1 mols K2S04 are sol in absolute H2S04
at 25° (Bergms, Z phys Ch 1910, 73 353 )

Solubility in H2SO4+Aq at 25°

xo g K2SO4 sol in «„ _
t 100 g H20 Sp &

0 7 35 1 058
10 9 22 1 069
20 11 11 1 081
30 12 97 1 089
40 14 76 1 097
50 16 50 1 106
60 18 17 1 114
70 19 75 1 121

(Tschernaj, J Russ phys Chem Soc 1912,
44 1565)

Sol in cone acids, not pptd by glacial
HC2H3O2 Insol in KOH+Aq of 1 35 sp gr
(Liebig, A 11 262 )

Solubility of K2S04 in H2S04+Aq at 18°.

Milhmols HaSO* Milhmols KsSO*
in 10 ccm m 10 ccm

6 17
3 97 8 92
7 57 10 82
14 35 14 86

Mols per 100 mols
solution

Solid phase

(Herz, Z anorg 1912, 73 276 )

Solubility in H2SO4+Aq at 25°

KS04

H2S04

1 10
1 59
2 49
2 75
2 75
2 83
2 80
2 61
2 25
1 08
0 77
0 44

0
0 95
2 70
3 17
3 74
5 08
5 79
5 61
6 19
7 94
9 2
22 7

K2S04

cc
ct

X2S04, KHS04

cc

cc

K2S04, 3KHSO4
K2S04, 6KHSO4
" -f KHS04
KHS04

cc

cc

In 1000 g of
the solution

Solid phase

Mols
S03

Mols
RSCh

6 42
6 60
6 91
7 26
7 62
7 88
8 00
8 10
8 15
8 16
8 29
8 33
8 45
8 62
8 57
8 71
8 82
8 65
8 b3
8 70
8 96
9 80
9 78
9 80
9 66
9 66

0 171
0 190
0 266
0 182
0 157
0 167
0 201
0 250
0 352
0 364
0 341
0 322
0 325
0 otb
0 o84
0 412
0 5S3
0 880
0 899
0 882
0 561
0 365
0 4W
0 665
0 904
0 937

KHSO4 *

Cl

KHS04+KHs(S04)2; H20
RH3(fe04)2, H20

cc

KH,(bO4)a, H20+KH3(SO4)2

«

cc

Cl
1C

1C

KHd(S()4)
l\Hd(SO4) + KHSO7
KIIS O7(mctistiblc solution)

c

I
c
I

KHS ()7

c

(Stortenbecker, R t c 1902, 21 407 )
Solubility in lI2fe()4+Aq at 0°

1000 t, ot the sn ution
contain

Solid ph isc

Mols
H bOi

Mols
K S( ) i

0 37

0 75
1 08
1 li
1 44
1 bb
1 89
1 88
2 15
2 12
2 29
2 30
2 33
2 48
3 08
4 4o
5 27

0 ><)>
0 5>
0 (>1
0 74
0 7*
0 71
0 69
0 (>(>
0 69
0 59
0 61
0 54
0 53

0 43
0 28
0 12
0 09

K S()4

K S()i-f-K 1I(S()4)2
K II(S()4)

(C

Ka + Kb
Kb ,

(C

XHb04

cc
cc

(D'Ans, L aiioift 1913,80 259)

Pptd from K2SO4+Aq by NH4OH+Aq
(Sullivan )

These results show that at 0° there exist

1006

SULPHATE, POTASSIUM

Solubility of K2S04 in NH4OH+Aq at 20°

Solubility of K2S04 m Na2SO4+Aq

G NHsm
100 ccm H2O

G K2SO4in
100 ccm HaO

Temp =34°

Temp =60°

% NasSO4

% KJ304

% Na2SO4

% K2S04

0
6 08
15 37
24 69
31 02

10 804
4 100
0 828
0 140
0 042

0

7 1
31 4
33 1

11 9
10 7
4 3
0

0
6 6
27 1
31 3

15 3
13 9
8 2
0

raiY-nrd ttnii a

rw> (<>.} 43 K9.9 ^

fNacken, BAB 1910 1016 )

1 1 sat solution in H20 contains 105 7
K2SO4 at 20°, in NH4OH+Aq (5 2% NEW,
45 2 g (Konowalow, J Russ Phys Chem
Soc 1894, 31 985 )

Solubility of K2SO4 in KOH+Aq at 25°

In 1000 g of the solution

Mols KaSCU

Mols (KOH)2

0 617
0 433
0 280
0 137
0 035
0 009

0 0
0 258
0 433
1 13
2 86
3 42
4 809

emer, Z anorg 1910. 67

438)

Sol m sat NH4Cl+Aq without pptn (See
NH4C1 )

SI sol in sat KCl+Aq without pptn

100 g sat KCl-fAq at 25° dissolve 0 0167
g equiv K2S04 at 25° (Van't Hoff and
Meyerhoffer Z phys Ch 1904 49 315 )

SI sol m sat KNOs+Aq without causing
pptn

1 1 of the solution contains 50 7 g K2S04+
216 5 g KN08=267 2 g mixed salts at 15°
Sp gr K2S04+KNO8-HAq = 1165

1 1 of the solution contains 47 66 g K2S04
-j-3085 g KN03=3562 g mixed salts at
25° Sp gr of K2SO4+KN08+Aq = 1210
(Euler, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 313 )

See also under KNOs

Sol in sat NaNOa+Aq without causing
pptn at first, but soon KN03 is pptd (Kar-
sten ) (See NaN03 )

Sol m (NH4) SO4+Aq with pptn of
(NH4)2S04 (Rudorff, B 6 485 ) (See
(NH4)2S04 )

More sol m aqueous solutions of other salts,
as Na2SO4, MgS04, CuS04, etc , than in pure
H2O (Pfaff, A 99 227 )

Sol in sat Na2S04+Aq, MgS04+Aq,
NaCl+Aq (See MgS04 and NaCl )

100 g H20 sat with both K2S04 and
T12S04 dissolve

474g Tl2S04-H03g K2S04at 15°
11 5 g " +16 4 g " " 62°
1852g " +26 2 g " "100°
(Rabe, Z anorg 1902, 31 156 )

SI sol in sat ZnS04 or CuS04-f Aq with
separation of double salt

100 pts H2O dissolve 85+012t pts
K2S04 On addition of a K salt, K2SO4 is
pptd The amount of K2SO4 remaining in
solution plus the amt of K m the salt added
is a constant (Blarez, C R 112 939 )

Solubility of K2S04-j-Th(SO4)2 at 16°
Solid phase, Th(SO4)2

Pts per 100 pts HsO

0 000

0 424

1 004
1 152
1 224
1 283
1 348

1 378

Th(SO4)s

1 390

667

2 193

3 191
2 514
2 222
1 706
1 637

Pts per 100 pts HaO

K2SO4

1 487
1 6J3

1 844

2 512

3 092

4 050
4 825

lh(S04)«

0 870
0 635
0 370
0 128
0 070
0 027
0 (KM

(Barre, C R 1911,160 155r> )

Difficultly sol in 20% M4H,O+Aq
'Stromeyer )

Solubility in K icetatt -f \q at 2 )°

Composition of 1h< solution

% K acttat(

f/( K SO 4

11 0

6 11

h <>5

S7 2t

8 68

5 ()<)

SI) 2i

11 29

* 99

SJ 72

15 59

2 T>

S2 (/(>

20 12

1 2*

7S (> >

29 95

0 W

f>9 ()(>

The solid phaise in these solutions is K S()4
(Fox, Chem S<K 1909, 95 SS > )

100 g hydroxylamme dissoh < 1 5 K
K2S04 at 17-18° (de Bruyn, Z phys Ch
1892, 10 782 )

SULPHATE, POTASSIUM

1007

JSRumviT*** (Frankha'z

cffuSffinfi* (FranHm> **

Neither dissolved nor attacked by liquid
NO2 (Frankland, Chem Soc 1901, 79
1361 )
Insol in absolute alcohol
Insol in alcohol, the sp gr of which is
0 905 (Anthon )
Solubility in dil alcohol increases with the
temp
100 pts alcohol of 0939 sp gr (53% by
vol , 45% by weight) dissolve at
4° 8° 60°
0^6 021 092 pts K2S04
(Gerardm, A ch (4) 6 147 )

100 pts of the sat solution at 15° in alcohol
of
10 20 30 40% by weight,
contain 39 1 46 0 56 0 21 pts K2S04
(Schiff, A 118 362 )
Solubility in acetic acid-f-Aq at 25°

olubihty in organic substances +Aq at 25°

Composition of the solutions

Organic substance "

% organic
substance

% KaSCU

% HO

Alcohol

1 35
4 80
7 80
9 70
12 34
14 51
15 26
20 50
26 91
35 97
43 90
69 26

9 17
6 90
4 96
4 32
3 57
2 71
2 66
1 83
0 97
0 41
0 22
0 016

89 48
88 30
87 24
85 98
84 09
82 78
82 08
77 67
72 12
63 62
55 88
30 72

Pyridine

4 23
13 90
24 51
34 19
46 29
55 93
75 90

7 95
4 77
2 75
1 47
0 45
0 12
0 006

87 82
81 33
72 74
64 34
53 26
43 95
24 09

Concentration of the
acetic acid Mol /Liter

Solubility of K2S04
Mol /Liter

0 000
0 070
0 137
0 328
0 578
1 151
2 183

0 6714
0 6619
0 6559
0 6350
0 6097
0 5556
0 4743

Ethylene glycol

3 16
9 89
18 47
32 11
49 03

9 67
7 69
5 74
3 57
1 83

87 17
82 53
75 79
64 32
49 14

Chloral hydrate

6 44
9 09
12 38
13 20
22 07
33 15
44 40
47 30
62 82
70 28
80 36
85 26

9 13
8 41
7 79
7 31
5 88
4 54
3 36
2 92
2 00
1 75
1 40
1 08

84 43
82 50
79 83
79 49
72 05
62 31
52 24
49 78
35 18
27 97
18 24
13 66

(Rothmund and Wilsmore. Z phys Ch 1902
40 620 )

Solubility m phenol +Aq at 25°

Concentration of the
phenol Mol/Liter

Solubility of KaSO*
Mol/Liter

0 000
0 016
0 021
0 032
0 040
0 047
0 064
0 076
0 127
0 152
0 236
0 252
0 308
0 409
0 464
0 486
0 495
0 498 (saturated)

0 6714
0 6650
0 6614
0 6598
0 6555
0 6522
0 6502
0 6494
0 6310
0 6251
0 6042
0 5956
0 5834
0 5572
0 5480
0 5425
0 5389
0 5377

Glycerol

8 96
13 36
20 34
24 15
33 73
40 40
43 52
50 18
57 22
67 94
78 18
98 28

8 87
7 69
6 47
5 83
4 44
3 65
3 38
2 69
2 07
1 53
0 98
0 73

82 17
78 95
73 19
70 02
61 83
55 95
o3 10
47 13
40 71
30 o3
20 84
0 99

Manmtol

3 20
5 82
8 35
11 26
14 30
17 22

10 32
10 07
9 61
9 19
8 66
8 35

86 48
84 11
82 04
79 55
77 04
74 43

(Rothmund and Wilsmore, Z phys Ch 1902
40 619)

100 g 95% formic acid dissolve 365 g
K2SO4 at 21° (Aschan, Ch Ztg 1913, 37
1117}

1008

SULPHATE, POTASSIUM HYDROGEN

Solubility in organic substances +Aq at 25° —
Continued

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann B
1909, 42, 3790 )
Min Misinite
H-5HH20 Deliquescent (Senderens,
Bull Soc (3) 2 278 )

Potassium dihydrogen sulphate, K4H2(S04)s
Sol in H2O (Phillips, Phil Mag 1 429 )
Composition is 4K20, 7S03+3H2O, accord-
ing to Berthelot (A ch (4) 30 442)

Potassium frihydrogen sulphate, KHsCSOJa
Sol in H20 with rise of temperature
(Schultz. Pogg 133 137 )
+1J^H20 (Lescoaur, C B 78 1044)

Potassium (^sulphate (p^osulphate), K2S207
When dissolved in exactly the necessary
amount of hot H2O for solution, it crystallises
on cooling without decomp Decomp by
excess of H2O (Jacquelam, A ch 70 311 )
Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909 42 3790)

Organic substance

Composition of the solutions

% organic
substance

% £«SO4

%H20

Sucrose

9 56
18 55
28 16
37 24
47 55
57 00

9 65
8 65
7 42
6 35
5 21
4 24

80 79
72 80
64 42
56 41
47 24
38 76

Acetone

4 92
10 06
16 23
24 31
37 19
46 29
62 40

7 20
5 02
2 96
1 50
0 47
0 20
0 03

87 88
84 92
80 81
74 19
62 34
53 51
37 57

(Fox and Gage, Chem Soc 1910, 97 381 )

Sol in 76 pts glycerine of 1 225 sp gr at
ordinary temp (Vogel, N Repert 16 557 )

Insol in acetone (Krug and M'Elroy,
Eidman, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Insol in CS2 (Arctowski, Z anorg 1894,
6 257), benzomtrile (Naumann, B 1914,
47 1370), methvl acetate (Naumann, B
1QOQ 42 ^700 "1 ethyl acetate (Naumann

Ive 104 g K2SO4+219 0

5°, or 100 g sat solution con-
04-f66 74 K sugar (Kohler,
~«u^ ind 1897, 47 447 )
*a G'asente

-hHH20 100 pts H2O dissolve 9 82 pts
(Ogiei, C R 82 1055 )

Tnpotassium hydrogen sulphate, K3H(S04)2
Sol in H2O

Potassium hydrogen sulphate, KHS04
1 07 pts KHSO4 ( = 1 pt K2S207) dissolve
at 0°m295pts H20
" 20° "208 "
" 40° " 1 59 "
( ' 100° " 0 88 "
(Kremers, Pogg 92 497 )

Sp gr of I\HSO4+Aq at 15° cont lining
5 10 15 % KHS04,

1 0354 1 0726 1 1116

20 25 27% KHS04

1 1516 1 1920 1 2110
(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

Sat solution boils at 105 5° (Griffiths) .
108° (Kremers)

Alcohol dissolves out H b04

K2SO4 crvstallises from dilute solutions

100 g 95% formic acid dissolve 146 g
KHS04 at 19 3° (Aschan, Ch Ztg 1913, 37
1117 )

Potassium hydrogen ^sulphate, KHS2Or

Sol in fuming H2SO4 without decomposi-
tion

Potassium ocfosulphate, K2Ss025
Ddcomp by H2O (Weber )

Potassium praseodymium sulphate, 3K2S04.
Pr2(S04)3+H20

SI sol in H2O

Sol in cone HC1 and HNO3 (Von Scheele
Z anorg 1898, 18 358 )

Potassium rhodium sulphate, 3K2SO4,
R,h2(S04)3

Does not exist (I eidic , C K 107 234 )
KaS04, Rh2(SO4)3+24H2O Very sol m
H2O (Piccim, Z anorg 1901, 27 66 )

Potassium samarium sulphate, 9K SO4,
2Sm2(S04)3+3H20

81 sol mH20

SI sol m sat I\^S()4+Aq

11 sat K iS04H-Aq dissolve s() 5 R Sin/),
(Clevc, Bull Soc (2) 43 1W> )

Potassium scandium sulphate, 3Jv SO4,
Sc2(S04)3

Veiy slowly sol in cold, mon oisily sol
m warm H>O Insol m sit K S()4+ Vcj

Sol in HoOandmdil K S()4 f- \q (M(yci,
Z anorg 1914,86 279)

2K2SO4j Sc2(S()4)3 Sol in KS()4+\q
(Ckve)

Does not exist

Potassium sodium sulphate, 3K2S04, Na2S04
100 pts H20 dissolve 408 pts it 103 5°

(Penny, Phil Mag (4) 10 401 )
5K2S04, Na2S04 100 pts HO at 100°

dissolve 25 pts , at 12 7°, 10 1 pts , at 4 4°,

92 pts (Gladstone, Chem Soc 6 111)

SULPHATE, POTASSIUM YTTRIUM

1009

>otassium strontium sulphate, K2Sr2(S04)a

Decomp by (NH4)2C08-hAq (Rose
>ogg 93 604)

K2SO4, SrSO4 This is the only double
salt formed from these two components
Between 0° and 100°

100 pts of the sat solution in equilibrium
nth SrSO4 and the double salt contain at
175° 50° 75° 100°
1.27 188 271 3 9 pts K2S04
(Barre, C R 1909, 149 292 )

5otassium tellurium sulphate. KHS04, 2TeO2,
SO«-f-2E2O

(Metzner, A ch 1898, (7) 16 203 )

Dotassium terbium sulphate

Easily sol in H2O SI sol in K2S04-hAq
Delafontaine, Zeit Chem (2) 2 230 )

^otassium thallic sulphate.
4H20

Decomp by H20 (Fortmi, Gazz ch
t 1905, 35 (2) 453 )

2K20, T1208, 4SO8 Insol in H20 Very
lifficultly sol in warm dil H2S04+Aq
Strecker, A 135 207)

Potassium thorium sulphate, K2S04, Th(S04)2
+4H20

Sol in hot H2O containing a few drops
Ed (Barre, A ch 1911, (8) 24 227 )

2K2S04, Th(S04)2+2H20 Slowly sol in
old, easily and abundantly in hot H20,
ind is gradually decomp by boiling Easily
30! in acids Insol in alcohol (Berzehus )

3 5K2SO4, Th(SO4)2 Insol in K2S04+Aq
)f con entrations above 45% (Barre )

4K2SO4, Th(SO4)2+2H20 (Chydenms )

Potassium tin (stannous) sulphate, Jti2ou4,

SnS04
(Mangnac )

Potassium tin (stannic) sulphate, K2Sn(S04)
Easily sol m H2O with decomp
Sol in HC1 (Wemland, Z anorg 1907,

54 250)

Potassium tin (stannous) sulphate chloride,

4K2S04, 4SnS04, SnCl2
Can be recrystalhsed from H20 (Marig-
nate, Ann Mm (5) 12 62 )

Potassium titanium sulphate, K2S04, Ti(S04)2
+3H20

Difficultly sol in H20 or HCl+Aq De-
comp by much H20 (Wallace, Pogg 102
453)

Potassium tatanyl sulphate, 2K2S04, 3TiO

S04+10H2O

Very sol m H20 with decomp Insol in

cone H2S04 (Rosenheim, Z anorg 1901

26 251

K&04, Ti02S04-f7H20 Very
copic and sol in H20 (Mazzucnein
°ontanelh, C C 1909, H 420) ^ .-M TT

K^O^^iOSO* (Spence, C C 1901, II
'47)

^otassium uranous sulphate.

+ao

Very si sol in H2O (Bammelsberg )

Potassium uranyl sulphate, KaSO4, (ITO2)SO4

+2H30

Sol in 9 pts H20 at 22° and in O 51 pt at
100° Insol in alcohol (Ebelmen, A en

) 6 211 ) 4. 0*0

100 pts of aqueous solution sat a^0~~0
contain 10 5 pts salt, at 70 5° contain 23 96
pts salt (Rimbach, B 1904, 37. 478 )

+3H2O (de Comnck, Chem Soc 1905,
88 (2)394 ,

2K2S04, (U02)S04+2H20 Decomp by
H2O

Cannot be cryst from rather cone JxsjkUU,
as it is completely decomp by it (Rrcnbacn,
B 1905,38 1572) , _

K20. 2UO3, 3S08 Ppt Identical with
U02, 6K. SOgH of Scheller, (A 1867. 14:4
238 ) (Kohlschutter, A , 1900, 311* 11 ) ^

2K2S04, 3(U02)S64-KE20 Sol in H2O
Insol in alcohol (Berzehus )

Does not exist (Ebelmen )

Potassium vanadium sulphate, K2O, V2O«,

2SOs+6H2O =K(VO2)SO4-h3BL2O

(Friedheim.B 24 1183)

=KV03, fc2S04, V206, 2S03-|-9H2O of
Munzing (Berlin, Dissert 1889).

K2S04, VS04-h6H20 Sol in H2O (Pi<-
cim, Z anorg 1902, 32 61 )

K2V2(S04)4+24H2O 100 pts H2O dis-
solve 198 4 pts salt at 10° Sp gr of sat
solution at 4°/20° = 1782 (Piccim, Z anorg
1897, 13 446 )

Potassium vanadyl sulphate,
K2S04, (VO)2(S04)8

Very slowly sol in H2O, still less sol in dil
alcohol (Gerland )

K2S04, VOS04+3H20 Easily sol m II3O

Sol in alcohol + cone H2SO4 (Koppel,
Z anorg 1903, 35, 178 )

K2SO4, 2VOSO4 Very hygroscopic Very
sol in H2O but goes into solution slowly
(Koppel and Behrendt, B 1901, 34 39ir>)

Easily sol m H20 (Koppel, Z anorg
1903,35 174)

Potassium yttrium sulphate,

Y2(S04)8

Sol in 16 pts cold H2O, and in. 1O pts sat
K2S04+Aq, and more abundantly if the latter
solution contains ammonium salts or free
acid (Berlin )

3K2S04, 2Y2(SO4)8 100 com cold sat

1010

SULPHATE, POTASSIUM ZINC

K2SO4+Aq dissolve an amount of this salt
corresponding to 4 685 g Y203 (Cleve )

Potassium zinc sulphate, KuSO*, ZnS04+
6H2O

Sol in 5 pts cold H2O (Bucholz N J Phann 9
2 26)

100 pts E20 dissolve at
0° 10° 15° 25° 36°
12 6 18 7 22 5 28 8 39 9 pts hydrous salt,

45° 50° 58° 65° 70°
61 2 54 0 67 6 81 3 87 9 pts hydrous salt
(Tobler, A 96 193 )

100 pts H20 at 15° dissolve 14 8 pts K2S04,
ZnSO4+6H2O, sp gr of sat H20 solution at
159 = 10939 (Schiff, A 109 326)

1 1 H20 dissolves 1319 g anhydrous
salt at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27
459)

Potassium zirconium sulphate, 2K2O, 6Zr02,

7SO8-f9H20
Decomp by H2O

3K2O, 3ZrO2, 7S03+ 9H20 Insol in H2O
Zr203(KS04)2+8H20 Ppt (Rosenheim,

B 1905, 38 815 )

Potassium sulphate vanadate

Very difficultly sol in H20
alcohol (Berzekus )

Insol in

Potassium sulphate antimony influonde

See Antimony tfnfluoride potassium sul-
phate

Praseodymium sulphate, basic, (PrO)2S04
Insol in H20 (Matignon, C R 1902,

134 660)

Insol in H20 Nearly insol in dil acids

(Wdhler, B 1913,46 1730)

Praseodymium sulphate, Pr2(S04)8

Sol in H20, very hydroscopic 23 64 pts
are sol in 100 pts H20 at 0° and 17 7 pts at
20° (von Scheele, Z anorg 1898, 18 357-
358)

+5H2O Sol in H20 (von Scheele,, Z
anorg 1898, 18 357 )

Difficultly sol in H2O (Kraus, Zeit
Kryst 1901,34 400)

1 50 pts Pr2(SO4)3 are sol in 100 pts H20
at 85°, 1 45 pts at 90°, and 1 02 pts at 95°
(Muthrnann and Rolig, B 1898,31 1729)

+8H2O (Kraus, Zeit Kryst 1901, 34
406)

Sol in H20 (von Scheele, Z anorg 1898
18 357)

Solubility in H20 at t°

0
18
35
55
75

Pts

19 79

14 10

10 31

7 09

4 13

(Muthmann and Rolig, B 1898, 31 1727 )

4-15J£H20 Sol in H2O (yon Scheelc
Z anorg 1898, 18 357 )

Praseodymium hydrogen sulphate, Pr(SO4H)

(Brauner, Z anorg 1904, 38 330 )

Solubility in boiling cone H2S04 100 $.

of the solution contain 1 02 g of the aci

sulphate (Matignon, C R 1902, 134 659

Radium sulphate

Less sol in H20 than corresponding B
comp (Curie, Dissert 1903 )

Rhodium sulphate, Rh2(S04)8+12H20

Easily sol in H20 (Berzehus )
SI sol in, but not decomp by H2O whe
not more than 16 pts H20 are present to
pt salt Decorap by hot H2O to —

Rh2(S04)3, Rh20s Insol m H20 (Leidrt
C R 107 234)

Rhodium rubidium sulphate, Rh2(S04)3

Rb2S04+24H2O

Sol in H20, m-pt, 108-109° (Piccin
Z anorg 1901, 37 65 )

Rhodium thallium sulphate, Rh2(SO4)3, T12SO

H-24E20

Very sol H2O (Piccmi, Z anorg 1901
37 63)

Rhodium sodium sulphate, Rh2Na2(SO4)4

Insol in H2SO4 or aqua regia (Seubei
and Kobbe, B 23 2560 )

Rubidium sulphate, Rb2S04

100 pts H2O dissolve 424 pts at 10
(Bunsen )

100 cc H20 at 17-18° dissolve 447 ^
Rb2S04 (Tutton, Chem Soc 1894,65 632
Sat Rb2S04-|-Aq contains at
3° 20°
274 325%Rb2SO4,

37° I[97° 170°

37 3 43 9 49 2% Rb2SO4

(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 550 )

SULPHATE, SAMARIUM

1011

Solubility of Rb2S04 in H20 at t°

Insol in H2O Sol in HC1 Insol in
H2So! (StaWerf B 1905, 38 2623 )

Rubidium uranyl sulphate, Rb2(U03) (S04)a-H
2H20
Somewhat less sol in H20 than K salt
(Rimbaeh, B 1904, 37 479 )

Rubidium vanadium sulphate, Rb2V2(S04)4-f-
24H20

n 177 OTTO™ mnlsa rvf fl/nhvHrmia salt, are

t°

g Rb^OiperlOOg

t°

g RbaSOiperlOOg

HaO

solution

HaO

solution

0
10
20
30
40
50

36 4
42 6
48 2
53 5
58 5
63 1

27 3
29 9
32 5
34 9
36 9
38 7

60
70
80
90
100
102 4*

67 4
71 4

75 0

78 7
81 8
82 6

40 3
41 7
42 9
44 0
45 0
45 2

*B-pt at 742 4 mm

<Berkeley, calc by Seidell. Solubilities, 2nd
Ed , p 587 )

gr of Rb2S04+Aq sat at 10° = 1 2978
nann, Arch Pharm 1894, 232 16 )
r -equiv salt per J, at 18° - 0 501 1 01
Sp gr 6°/6° 1 05587 1 11047

'r 18°/18° 105496 110896

" 30°/30* 105433 110810

O -equiv salt per 1 at 18°= 2 043 3 168
Sp gr 6°/6° 121888 133276

" 18°/18° 121613 132912

" 30°/30° 121443 132750

(Clausen, W Ann 1914, (4) 44 1071 )

10 ccm of sat Rb2S04+ absolute H2S04
contain approx 5 881 g Rb2S04 (Bergius,
Z phys Ch 1910, 72 355 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790) , acetone (Naumann, B 1904,
37 4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Rubidium pyrosulphate, Rb2S207
Decomp by H2O

Rubidium octosulphate, Rb2S8026

Decomp by H2O (Weber, B 17 2497 )

Rubidium hydrogen sulphate, RbHS04

Sol in H2O

Rubidium tin (stannic) sulphate, Rb2Sn(S04)8
Decomp by H2O Sol m HC1 (Wem-
land, Z anorg 1907, 54 250 )

Rubidium thallic sulphate, RbTl(SO4)2
(Marshall, C C 1902, II 1089 )
+4H2O (*ortim, Gazz ch it 1905, 35

(2) 455 )

Rubidium thorium sulphate, Rb2S04, Th(S40)2
+2H20

SI sol m H2O (Manuelh, Gazz ch it
1903, 32 (2) 523 )

Rubidium titanium sulphate, Rb2SO4,

Ti2(S04)8+24H20

Sol in H2O acidified with H2SO4 Des
comp in neutral aq solution (Piccim, Z
anorg 189a, 17 359 )

sol in ll H20 (Locke, Am Ch J 1901,
26 175)

Insol inH20

Insol m H2S04 Decomp by boiling with
cone H2S04

Sol in HC1 (Stabler, B 1905, 38 3980 )

100 pts H20 dissolve 2 56 pts salt at 10°
Sp gr of solution at 4°/20° = 1915 (Pic-
cmi, Z anorg 1897, 13 446 )

Rubidium zinc sulphate, Rb2S04, ZnS04-f

6H20

Sol in H20 (Bunsen and Kopp, Pogg
113 337)

1 1 H20 dissolves 101 g anhydrous salt
at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27 459 )

Rubidium zirconium sulphate, Zr2Os,
Ppt (Rosenheim, B 1905, 38 815 )

Ruthemc sulphate, Ru(S04)2

Deliquescent, and easily sol m H2O
(Claus, A 69 246 )

Samarium sulphate, basic, (SmO)2S04

Insol in H20 and in cold dil H2SC>4
(Matignon, C R 1905,141 1231)

Samarium sulphate, Sm2(S04)3+8H20

Difficultly sol in H20
Much less sol than Di2(SO4)3+8H2O
(Cleve )

2 05 pts anhydrous salt are sol m 100 pts
H2O at 25° (Keyes and James, J Am
Chem Soc 1914, 36 635 )

100 g Sm2(bO4)3+Aq sat at 25° contain
3426s anhvd Sm2(SO4)3 (Wirth, Z anorg
1912, 76 174 )

Solubility m H2SO4+Aq at 25°
n = equiv g of H2SO4 in 1 1 of solvent
c = g Sm2O3 m 100 g of solution
Cl = g Sm2(S04)3 m 100 g of solution

n

C

Cl

n

C

Cl

0

0 1
0 505

2 029
2 038
1 985

3 426
3 441
3 352

2 16
6175
12 6

1 43
0 416
0 0656

2 416
0 7025
0 1107

1 1

1 821

3 075

(Wirth, Z anorg 1912,76 174)

1012

SULPHATE, SAMARIUM HYDROGEN

°-i"bihty in (NH4)2S04-f Aq at 25°

Sohd phase

Samarium sodium sulphate, Sm2(SO<)s,
Na2S04+2H2O

SI sol in sat Na2SO4+Aq (Cleve. Bull
Soc (2)43 166)

2Sm2(S04)3, 3Na2S04+6H20 Only double
salt formed at 25° (Keyes and James. J
Am Chem Soc 1914, 36 365 )

Scandium sulphate, basic, Sc20(S04)2

Sm2(S04)3

(Crookes, Roy Soc Proc 1908, 80 A, 518 )

J

Scandium sulphate, Sc2(S04)8

7

Anhydrous Easily sol in H20

/ 4

+2H2O

9 5

8 7

+5H20, 5461 g of
mlOOcc H20at25°

pentahydrate are sol
(Wirth, Z anorg 1914,

% &

87 10 1

o o

2 2
2 3

Sm2(S04)3,(NH4)2S04,7H20

V • J.\J J

Solubility in H2S04+ Aq at 25°

2 5

Art O

H2S04+A4

100 g of the solution

4U o
77 5

0 00

28 52

77 2

0 5-n

29 29

77 3

(NH4)2S04

1 0-n

19 87

76 8

4 86-n

8 363

9 73-n

1 315

and James, J Am Chem Soc 1914,
36 637)

Solubility in Na2S04+Aq at 25°

In 2235-n H2SC4 the solid phase is
Sca(S04)a, 3H2S04 and 100 g sat solution
contain 0 484 g Sc^SO^s

"«

j$

(Wirth, Z anorg 1914,87 10)

CQ "a

Sftn

+6H2O Extremely sol in H20, but not

^§W

•* s S2

Solid phase

deliquescent

5 ®

t-t

Scandium hydrogen

sulphate, Sc2(SO4)j-f

PHft

3H2O

/TT7.JT. \

0 1
0 5
1 9

2 0
0 11
0 03

Sm2(S04)8

cc

2Sm2(S04)8, 3Na^S04+6H20

( Wirtn ;

Scandium sodium
3Na2S04-fl2H2O

sulphate, Sc2(S04),,

6 44

0 016

Sol m H20 (Cleve

)

7 00

0 008

+ 10H2O Sol in H20 and in excess of

9 02

0 016

Na2SO4+Aq (Meyers, Z anorg 1914, 86

10 51

0 012

279)

11 48
13 58
14 71
14 47
20 02
23 42

0 012
0 010
0 010
0 009
0 012
0 012

t

Silver (argentoargentic) sulphate, Ag4SO4,
Ag2S04-fH20
Gradually sol in cone , but not itt tcked
by dil, HNO3-fAq Not ittackocl by hot
cone H2S04 (Lea, Sill Am J 144 322 )

23 68

0 018

'

Silver sulphate, Ag2S04

25 93

0 015

t

Q 1 onn

27 40

0 Oil

t

HaO ^ittstein) and

caa than 100 pts boiling

Sol m 88 pts boiling H..O <*• in 87 25
pta boilmg HaO (Wenzel) m M ) at 100°

( TT famaweA

These results seem to indicate that there is

only one double salt formed by the union of
Sm2(SO4)3 with Na2S04 Formula of this
salt is 2Sm2(SO4)a, 3Na2S04, 6H20
(Keyes and James, J Am Chem Soc 1914,
36 635)

Samarium hydrogen sulphate, Sm(HS04)s

SI sol in H2O (Matignon, C R 1905,
J.41 1230 )

Ppt (Brauner, Z anorg 1904, 33 331 )

dissolvc

pts

100 pts H20 at
(lire s Di ct )
Sol in 160 pts H2O at 18 75° (Abl )

1 1 H20 dissolves 2 57 X 10 2 g -mol Ag2$O4
at 25° (Drucker, Z anorg 1901. 28 362 )

11 H2O dissolves 7707 g Ag2SO4 at 17°
(Euler, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 314 )

1 1 H2O dissolves 0 0267 mol Ag2SO4 at
25 (Rothmund, Z phys Ch 1909. 69 539 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 8 35 g Ag2SO4 at 25°

SULPHATE, SILVER

1013

(Hill and Simmons, Z phys Ch 1909, 67
603) I
1 1 H2O dissolves 8 344 g Ag2S04 at 25° 2
Sp gr of solution =5 1 0052 (Harkins, J c
Am Chem Soc 1911,33 1812)

Solubihty in H20 at t° }

100 pts H20 dissolve 0 58 pt at 18° 100
>ts (NH4}2SQ4-hAq (15%) dissolve 0 85 pt
^g2SO4 at 18° Other sulphates have little
sffect (Eder, J pr (2) 17 44 )
Determinations of the solubility of Ag2SO4
n (NH4)2S04 at temp between 16 5° and 100°
show that no double salt is formed by these
bwo sulphates (fitard, A ch 1911, (8) 24.

221) «

t

Solubihty of Ag2SO4 in (NH4)2S04-|-Aq
G per 100 g H20

t°

Pts Ag2S04 in 100 pts of
the solutioja

14 5
33
51 5

75
100

0 730
0 909
1 062
1 237
1 393

(Barre, A ch 1911, (8) 24 211 )

More sol m H2S04+Aq than in pure H20
Still more sol in HNO3+Aq and still more in
cone H2SO4, from which it is pptd by H20
(Schnaubart )

Solubility in H2S04+Aq at 25°

(NH4)2SOt

Ag.K>4

(NH4)2SO4 1 Ag SO*

Temp =33°

Tump -51°

8 85

15 90
22 22
27 25
30 80
35 88
39 46
43 22

1 101
1 331
1 500
1 585
1 619
1 627
1 600
1 557

8 90
16 27
22 43
32 10
35 38
39 03
42 37
45 05

1 362
1 680
1 887
2 061
2 095
2 082
2 055
2 026

^HaSOi+Aq

Normality

Solubihty of Ag2SO4
g mol per htre

0 02
0 04
0 10
0 20

260X10*
2 64X10 2
271X102
2 75X10 *

Temp =75°

Temp -=100°

8 80
15 23
22 30
28 25
32 00
35 82
41 16
46 46

1 758
2 155
2 490
2 734
2 823
2 88Q
2 929
2 902

9 23

15 00
22 01
27 00
34 90
38 70
44 15
47 63

2 221
2 626
3 075
3 325
3 663
3 772
3 854
3 867

(Drucker, Z anorg 1901, 28 362 )

Solubility of Ag2SO4 in acids +Aq at 25°
C — concentration of acid in acid+Aq in
milhequivalents per 1
S = bolubihty of Ag2S04 in acid+Aq in
milhequivalents per 1

Acid

C

S

HNTOs

0 0
15 89
31 78
63 57

53 98
59 86
65 32
75 90

(Barre, A ch 1911, (8) 24 149, 202, 210 )

Solubihty of Ag2SO4 in K2SO4+Aq
G per 100 g H20

H2SC>4

0 0
29 02
58 02
105 26

53 98

54 88
55 64
56 82

KSO4

AgSO4

KaS04

Ag2SO4

Temp =33°

Temp =51°

(bwan, J Am Chem Soc 1911,33 1814 )
Solubility m HNO^+Aq at 25°

3 22
5 62

8 37
10 41
11 80

0 863
0 940
1 046

1 117
1 177

3 20
5 61
> 8 40
10 55
13 16
14 37

1 023
1 127
1 247
1 340
1 450
1 524

Normality IINOs

Sp fcr of the
.solution

fe Ag;S04
dissolved per 1

0 000
1 0()4b
2 0452
4 017
4 209
5 564
8 487
10 034

1 0054
1 061
1 1069
1 1871
1 1956
1 2456
1 3326
1 3676

8 350
34 086
49 010
71 166
73 212
84 609
94 671
90 806

Temp =75°

Temp =100

3 12
5 73
8 43
10 55
13 17

1 273
1 406
1 554
1 665
1 806
2 021

3 23
5 60

8 45
11 30
15 07
18 58

1 488
1 675
1 890
2 115
2 410
2 677

(Hill and Simmons, 4 phys Ch 1909, 0V
603
Sol in NH4OH, and (NH^COa+Aq

17 06

(Barre, A ch 1911, (8) 24 149, 202, 210 )

1014

SULPHATE, SILVER

Solubility in K2S04+Aq at 25°

solubility curves for various temp all end at a
concentration of 40% Na2S04, that is, the
mixed crystals formed at this concentration
are equafly sol at all temp
(Barre, C R 1910, 160 1323 )

Solubility in Na2SO4+Aq at t°

^KaSO* +Aq Solubility of AgaSCh
Normality g mol per litre

002 246X10-2
004 2 36 X KM
010 231X10-2
020 232XHM

t°

100 pts H20 dissolve

(Drucker, Z anorg 1901, 28 362 )

Solubibty in Na2S04+Aq at t°

Na2S04

Ag2S04

18

0 0
0 25
041
0 74
1 00
1 48
2 01
2 50
3 04
4 00
4 99
10 10
13 04

0 766
0 712
0 682
0 675
0 665
0 670
0 673
0 689
0 703
0 736
0 768
0 932
1 028

t° -

AgstSCU m
100 pts H2O

NajzSCU in
100 pts H2O

14 5

0 741
0 904
1 003

5 278
10 103
13 045

33

0 972
1 150
1 320
1 448
1 548
1 570
1 549
1 462
1 199
0 932

5 345
10 056
15 185
20 093
25 412
29 556
34 732
39 447
44 693
46 976

33

0 0
0 25
0 51
675
0 98
1 50
2 01
2 48
3 00

0 917
0 861
0 835
0 825
0 816
0 820
0 832
0 849
0 867

51

1 173
1 377
1 572
1 705

1 787
1 802
1 727
1 540
1 188
0 882

5 407
10.116
15 146
20 247
25 196
29 230
34 625
39 302
42 914
44 464

51

0 00
0 25
0 49
0 68
1 02
1 51
1 90
2 46
2 92
3 95

1 081
1 032
1 010
0 000
0 995
1 002
1 017
1 034
1 053
1 103

75

1 458
1 697
1 934
2 075
2 161
2 138
1 910
1 603

1 156

*

5 368
9 813
15 260
19 978
25 556
29 662
35 278
38 944
41 365

75

0 00
0 20 v
047
0 80
0 98
1 52
1 96
2 50
2 98
4 08

1 267
1 215
1 208
1 206
1 210
1 222
1 238
1 269
1 296
1 366

100

1 651
2 012
2 312
2 351
2 260
2 012
1 687
1 158

5 336 '
10 153
15 532
25 451
29 714
34 718
38 635
40 160

100

0 00
0 50
1 01
1 44
1 94
3 02

1 404
1 341
1 363
1 382
1 418
1 494

Up to 33°, the solubility of Ag2S04 in
NaaS044-Aq increases with the concentration
of Na2SO4, above 33° the solubility of Ag2S04
rises to a maximum at a certain concentra- ,
tion of NaSO4 dependent on the temp The

(Barre, A ch 1911, (8) 24 215 )

SULPHATE ACETYLIDB, SILVER

1015

Solubility in salts +Aq at 25°

C= concentration of salt in salt+Ag in
znilliequivalents per 1
di=sp gr 25°/4° of salt-hAq
S = solubility of Ag2S04 m saltH-Aq ex-
pressed in milliequivalents per 1
d2=sp gr 2574° of Ag2S04+salt+Aq

Solubility in organic compds 4-Aq at 25°

Solvent

Mol AguSCUsoi in
1 litre

Water
0 5-N Methyl alcohol
" Ethyl alcohol
" Propyl alcohol
" Tert amyl alcohol
t Acetone
1 Ether
* Formaldehyde
' Glycol
' Glycerine
' Manmtol
* Glucose
' Sucrose
' Urea
f Dimethylpyrone
' Urethane
Formamide
' Acetamide
' Acetomtrile
' Glycocoll
" Acetic acid
" Phenol
" Chloral
" Methylal
" Methyl acetate

0 0267
0 0249
0 0228
0 0218
0 0204
0 0220
0 0206
0 0227
0 0259
0 0263
0 0297
0 0283
0 0270
0 0303
0 0215
0 0227
0 0270
0 0253
0 0525
0 0433
0 0252
0 0379
0 023S
0 0205
0 0212

Salt

C

di

S

d*

non-e

53 52

KNO3

24 914
49 774
99 870

0 9986
1 0002
1 0034

57 70

61 13
67 93

1 0072
1 0092
1 #034

Mg(NOa)2

24 764
49 595
99 460

0 9985
0 9999
1 0026

59 44
64 32
72 70

1 0073
1 0094
1 0133

AgN08

24 961
49 86
99 61

1 0007
1 0044
1 0112

39 09

28 45
16 96

1 0065
1 0084
1 0137

K2S04

25 024
50 044
100 0
200 03

0 9989
1 0006
1 0041
1 0110

50 66
49 35
48 04
48 30

1 0064
1 007d
1 0112
1 0180

MgSO4

20 22
50 069
100 04
200 05

0 9984
1 0002
1 0032
1 0092

52 21
50 93
49 95
49 60

1 0061
1 0079
1 0105
1 0164

(Rothmund, Z phys Ch 1909,69 539)

Insol in methyl acetate (Bezold, Dissert
1906, ISaumann, B 1909, 42 3790),
ethyl acetate (Naumann, B 1904,37 3601),
hquid methylamine (Frankhn, J Am Chem
Soc 1906, 28 1420), acetone (Naumann,
B 1904, 37 4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II
1014)
Very sol in a hot mixture of H2S04 and
monobrombenzene, less sol in cold (Couper,
A ch (3) 62 311 )

(Harkms, J Am Chem Soc 1911, 33 1813 )

•i

Solubility of Ag2SO4 in salts +Aq at 25°

C = concentration of salt in salt-|-Aq in
milliequivalents per 1

milheqmvalents per 1

Salt

C

S

KHS04

0 0
52 64
105 26

53 98
52 18
51 76

K2S04

0 0
27 18
54 34

53 98
50 90
49 30

(Swan, J Am Chem Soc 1911, 33 1814 ) j

Decomp by alkali thiosulphates-f Aq
(Herschell )

100 com Ag2S04-j-AgC2H802-fAq sat at
17° contain 3 95 g Ag2S04 and 8 30 g
AgC2H802 and solution has sp gr -1 0094
(Bute, C C 1904, 1 1316 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am, Ch
"J 189820 829) ' - "

Silver hydrogen sulphate, AgHS04
Decomp by H2O, sol in H2SO4 (Stas )
Ag2O, 3H20, 4SO8+2H20=AgH3(S04)2-h

H20 As above (Schultz, Pogg 133 137 )
2Ag20, 3H2O, 5SO8+2H20=Ag4H6(S04)5

-j-2H2O As above (Schultz )

Silver p2/rosulphate, Ag2S207

Decomp by H2O (Weber, B 17 2497 )

Silver thallic sulphate, AgTl(SO4)2
(Lepsius, Chem Ztg 1890 1327 )

Silver tin (stannic) sulphate, Ag2Sn(S04)i-{-
3H2O

Ppt Decomp by H2O Sol in HC1
(Wemland, Z anorg 1907, 64 250 )

Silver sulphate acetylide, Ag2SO4, 2Ag2C2
(Plimpton, Proc Chem Soc 1892, 8 109 )

1016

SULPHATE AMMONIA, SILVER

Silver sulphate ammonia, Ag2SO4, 2NH8
Completely sol in H20 (Rose, Pogg 20

153)
Ag2S04, 4NH8 Easily sol in H20 or

NH4OH-fAq without decomp (Mitscher-

hch)

Silver sulphate mercuric oxide, Ag2S04, HgO
Insol in H20, but decomp even in the cold
Sol in HN08 and H2S04 (Fmci, Gazz ch
it 1911, 41 (2) 548 )

Silver sulphate sulphide, Ag2SC>4, Ag2S

Decomp by hot H2O or cold HCl-hAq
Sol in boihng HN08+Aq (Poleck and
Thummel, B 16 2435 )

Sodium sulphate, NaaSO4

Arihydrvus

Ipt NaaSCUissol in 7 367 pts HaO at 15° (Gerlach)
in 8 52 pts HsO at 13 3° (Poggendorf) m 10 pts HaO
at 13° and in 3 3 pts HtO at 62 2° (Wenzel)

100 pts HaO at 0° dissolve 5 155 pts Na«S04(Pfaff
A 99 226) at 1006° dissolve 45985 pts NajSO*
(Griffiths)

See below for further data

-f 7HaO Efflorescent Insol in alcohol

See below for further data

-hlGHjO

Na2SO4-hlOH20 is sol in HjjO with absorp-
tion of heat, 20 pts Na2SO4+10H2O mixed
with 100 pts H20 at 12 5° lower the tempera-
ture 6 8° (Rudorff, B 2 68 )

Sol in 2 33 pts HaO at 19° or 100 pts E20 at 19°
dissolve 428 pts Na2SO4+10H2O (Schiff A 109
326)

100 pts HaO dissolve a pts NauSO* and b pts Na2SO4
+10H2O at t°

(Gay Lussac A ch (2) 11 312 )

Maximum solubility is at 33° from experiment and
theoretical considerations At this temp Na2SO* +
lOHaO is converted into Na2SO4 (Kopp A 34 271 )

100 pts H2O at t° dissolve pts NaaS04+10H2O

80 pts 'cryst salt at 100° (Ure s Diet )

100 pts H20 dissolve pts Na2S04 at t°

t°

Pts
NajjSO*

t°

Pts
Na2SO4

0
*L7 9

4 53

16 28

24 1
33

25 92
50 81

A

0°

15°

154°

A •

15°

1
20

4 40
4 53

11 32

10 78

11 4
10 74

30
40

10 05
10 33

t°

a

b

t°

a

b

0

5 02

12 17

33 88

50 04

312 11

11 67

10 12

26 38

40 15

48 78

291 44

13 30

11 74

31 33

45 04

47 81

276 91

17 91

16 73

48 28

50 40

46 82

262 35

25 05

28 11

99 48

59 79

45 42

28 76

37 35

161 53

70 61

44 35

30 75

43 05

215 77

84 42

42 96

31 84

47 37

270 22

103 17

42 65

32 73

50 65

322 12

t°

Pts
NauSO*
-KOH20

t°

Pts
Na2S04
-KOHjO

t°

Pts
NaaS04
+10H2O

2 5
7 5
12 5
18 75
25
31 25

11 39
16 38
29 03
70 78
143 38
479 97

37 50
43 75
50
56 25
62 5
68 75

294 04
261 04
285 06
248 11
222 22
242 88

75
81 25
87 50
93 75
100

241 68
217 20
220 65
225 46
241 69

(Brandes and Firnhaber 1824 )

1 pt NaS04+10HaO is sol in 6 1 pts HaO at 7 5°
, 44 pts at 12 5° 2 41 pts at 18 75° and 1 724 pts
at 20° (Karsten.)

1 pt NaaSOi+lOHaO is sol m 2 86 pts cold and
0 8 pt boihng HaO (Bergmann) in 3 pts cold and
0 5 pt boihngHaO (Wittstein) in 4 pts cold and 1 pt
boiling HaO (Fourcroy) in 3 pts H20 at 18 75° (Abl)

100 pts H20 dissolve 12 494 pts NaaS04 or 35 492
pts NasSO4+10HaO at 15° and sp gr of solution =
1 10847 (Michel and Krafft A ch (3) 41 478 )

100 pts H2O dissolve 39 4 pts cryst salt afe 15 5°

(Diacon, J B 1866 61 )

Solubility of Na2S04 in H20 at various pres-
sures and temp Pts Na2SO4 contained
in 100 pts sat Na2S04-KAq at A pressure
in atmos and t° are given

(Mdller, Pogg 117 386 )

The solubility of Na2SO4+10H20 increases
with the temperature from 0 to 34° At 34°
and above, it is converted into the anhydrous
salt, the solubility of which is least at 103 17°.
which is the boihng point of the saturated
solution, and increases by cooling from that
temp down to 18-17° Below the latter
temperature the anhydrous salt cannot exist
in the presence of H20, but is converted into
Na2S04+7H20. or Na2SO4+10H20 The
solubility of Na2SO4-h7H20 increases with
the temperature from 0-26°, and at 27° it is
converted into the anhydrous salt

Thus there are two different rates of solu-
bility for Na2S04 for temperatures from
0-18°, three different rates from 18-26°, two
from 26-34°, and only one above 34°

1 By heating Na2S04-flOH2O to fusion
and raising the heat until the liquid boils,
placing in a closed vessel and cooling, the
greater part of the anhydrous salt, which
separates out on heating, redissolves on cool-
ing, and the amount increases as the temp
falls until 18° is reached Below 18° Na2S04
+7H20 is formed Saturated Na2S04+Aq
thus obtained contains for 100 pts HO at

18° 20° 25° 26°
53 25 52 76 51 53 51 31 pts Na2S04,

30° 33° 34° 36°
50 37 49 71 49 53 49 27 pts Na2S04

2 By allowing the boiling saturated solu-
tion free from undissolved salt to cool to 0°

SULPHATE, SODIUM

1017

mth exclusion of air until crystals of 3S"a2SO4
-|-7H2O are formed, then removing the
greater part of the mother liquor with a warm
pipette, and warming the rest of the mother
kquor with the excess of crystals, the crystals
dissolve in increasing quantity between 0° and
26-27°, so that at 27° the solution contains
56 pts Na2S04 to 100 pts H20 The remain-
ing undissolved crystals of Na2S044-7H2O be-
gm to melt very slowly at 27°, more quickly
at higher temperatures, and cause the separa-
tion of anhydrous crusts, and thus the
strength of the solution is gradually lowered
to the normal Saturated solutions prepared
in this way contain for 100 pts H2O at

35°
02

60°
453

85°
433

0°
1962
or 44 89

10° 13°
3049 34 27 pts Na2S04,
78 9 92 9 pts Na2S04+7H2O

15°
3743
or 105 8

16° 17°
38 73 39 99 pts Na-jSO,,
117 4 111 0 pts ]STa2S04 +7H20,

18°
4163
or 124 6

19° 20°
4335 44 73 pts Na2S04,
133 0 140 0 pfcs Na2S04+7H20,

25°
5294
or 188 5

26°
54 97 pts Na2S04
202 6 pts Na2S04-|-7H20

3 Solutions obtained by shaking H2O with
Na2SO4+10H20 contain for 100 pts H20 at

0° 10° 15°
502 900 13 20 pts Na2SO4,
or 12 16 23 04 35 96 pts Na2SO4+10H20

18° 20° 25°
16 80 19 40 28 00 pts Na2S04,
or 48 41 5885 98 48 pts Na2S04-f 10H20

26° 30°

3000 40 00 pts Na2S04,
or 109 81 1841 pts Na2S04+10H20,

33° 34°

5076 55 Opts Na2S04
or 323 1 412 2 pts Na2S04+10H2O

At 34°, Na2SO4+10H20 begins to melt in
its crystal H20 As long as there is a con
siderable quantity of unchanged crystal
present, the solution contains 55 pts Na2SO
for 100 pts H20, but as the hydrous salt de-
creases in amount and becomes converted into
the anhydrous salt, the solution become
weaker and contains only 49 53 pts Na2SO
for 100 pts H20 after warming for 6 or 8 hour
at 34° In the same way temporary solution
can be obtained at 36-40° with 55-56 pts
Na2SO4 to 100 pts H2O, but this amoun
sinks to the normal even more quickly than
at 34°

Na2SO4 dehydrated at 100-150°, after th
addition of lz/yllA pts H20, gives a solutio:
between 0° and 32° of the same strength a
Na2SO4+10H20, but at 34° a solution wit

pts NajsSO4 to 100 pts H20 cannot be
btained. but one with 49 53 pts is formed
Lowel, A ch (3) 49 32 )
4 Solubility of anhydrous salt Above 34°,
00 pts H20 dissolve at
40° 45° 50°
488 477 467

65°

448

90°
431

70°
444

75°
440

95° 100°
428 425
(Mulder )

55°

45 9 pts Na2S04,

80°

43 7 pts Na2S04,

1035°
422pts,Na2SO4

Solubility in 100 pts H2O at t°

t°

Pts
NaaSO*

t°

Pts
NaaSO*

t°

Pts
NasSO*

0

4 8

35

50 2

70

44 4

1

5 1

36

49 9

71

44 3

2

5 4

37

49 6

72

44 2

3

5 7

38

49 3

73

44 2

4

6 0

39

49 1

74

44 1

5

6 4

40

48 8

75

44 0

6

6 8

41

48 5

76

44 0

7

7 3

42

48 3

77

43 9

8

7 8

43

48 1

78

43 8

9

8 4

44

47 9

79

43 7

10

9 0

45

47 7

80

43 7

11

9 7

46

47 5

81

43 6

12

10 5

47

47 3

82

43 5

13

11 4

48

47 1

83

43 5

14

12 4

49

46 9

84

43 4

15

13 4

50

46 7

85

43 3

16

14 5

51

46 6

86

43 3

17

15 7

52

46 4

87

43 2

18

16 9

53

46 2

88

43 2

19

18 2

54

46 1

89

43 1

20

19 5

55

45 9

90

43 1

21

20 9

56

45 8

91

43 0

22

22 5

57

45 7

92

43 0

23

24 1

58

45 6

93

42 9

24

25 9

59

45 4

94

42 9

25

27 9

60

45 3

95

42 8

26

30 1

61

45 2

96

42 7

27

32 4

62

45 1

97

42 6

28

35 0

63

45 0

98

42 6

29

37 8

64

44 9

99

42 5

30

40 9

65

44 8

100

42 5

31

44 2

66

44 7

101

42 4

32

47 8

67

44 6

102

42 3

32 75

50 65

68

44 5

103

42 2

33

50 6

69

44 5

103 5

42 2

34

50 4

(Mulder, Scheik Verhandel 1864. 123 )

100 pts dissolve at
0° 34° 100°

5 78 8(?) 42 7

120°
41 95 pts Na2S04,

140° 160° 180° 230°
42 0 42 9 44 25 46 4 pts NaaS04
(Tilden and Shenstone, Lond R Soc Proc
36 345

1018

SULPHATE, SODIUM

Solubility decreases above 230° (fitard
C R 113 854)

Sat Na2S04+Aq contains at
0° 7° 13° 24° 28° 30°
41 62 99 193 252 295%Na2SO,

49° 62° 83° 99° 134° 150°
328 313 300 297 294 298%Na2S04

190° 240° 279° 320°

299 300 245 178%NaaS04

(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 548 )

Solubility of Na£04 in H20 at t°
G per 100 g H20

t°

Na2S04

Sp gr

t°

NazSO*

Sp gr

0 70
10 25
15 65
24 90
27 65
30 20
31 95

4 71
9 21
14 07
27 67
34 05
41 78
47 98

1 0432
1 0802
1 1150
1 2067
1 2459
I 2894
1 3230

33 5
38 15

44 85
60 10
75 05
89 85
101 9*

49 39
48 47
4749
45 22
43 59
42 67
42 18

1 3307
1 3229
1 3136
1 2918
1 2728
1 2571
1 2450

(Berkeley, Phil Trans Boy Soc 1904, 203
A, 189 )

Transition point from Na2S04+10H20 to
Na2SO4=325* (Berkeley), 32383° (Rich-
ards and Churchill, Z phyd Ch 1899, 28,
314)

100 g Na2S04+Aq sat at 15° contain
115 gi anhydrous Na2S04, 21 9 g at 25°
(Schreinemakers, Arch Ne'er Sc 1910, (2)
16 81)

1 1 Na2S04-fAq sat at 25° contains 1 881
mols ]STa2SO4 (Herz, Z anorg 1911, 70
127) '

i Solubility in H2O at t°

I t°

JVIol %Na2SO4

62

' 5 39

70

1 5 27

72

5 25

80

5 18

120

5 04

190

5 25 '

192

5 27

208

5 39

241

5 39

250

5 04

279

4 12 !

319

2 56

252

4 9

310

3 2

340

1 8

365

0 0

(Wuite, Z phys Ch 1913,86 364)

Supersaturated solutions of NaS04 are-
easily formed, when Na2SO4+Aq sat at its
b-pt is hermetically sealed, no crystals are-
deposited on cooling (Lowel) Supersat
Na2S04+Aq may also be obtained by cooling
hot sat Na2S04-|-Aq in flasks loosely stop-
pered with cotton wool (Schroeder, A 109
45), or by covering the containing vessel with
a glass plate, watch-glass, card, etc , or by
covering the liquid itself with a layer of oil,
and then allowing to cool

Hot Na2S04+Aq containing 1 pt H20 to
1 pt Na2S04-|-10H20 does not crystallise on
slowly cooling or on being quickly cooled by
immersion in cold water, if it is contained
in a barometer tube freed from air by boiling,
or in an exhausted well-closed vessel, or m an
open vessel with a layer of oil of turpentine
on it (Gay-Lussac) , or in a vessel containing
air, either well stoppered or furnished with a
loose cover (Schweigger) , or in an open vessel
under a bell jar full of air and closed at the
bottom with a water joint, or in open bottles
placed m a quiet situation, or in an open
glass enclosed in a stoppered vessel, contain-
ing air and some KOH for drying, in this case
Na2S04-|-10H20 effloresces from the solution,
and when washed down again does not cause
instant crystallisation, but redissolves

The crystallisation of a solution cooled in
this way may often be brought about in-
stantaneously, or often again after a short
tune, (1) by agitation, when the solution has
been cooled in an open vessel, (2) bv access
of air caused by opening the vessel, the crys-
tallisation taking place the more rapidly the
larger the opening In this case the crystallis-
ation begins at the top, where the solution, the
vessel, and the air come in contact, when a
particle of dust falls in the liquid the crystal-
lisation begins a little under the surface
When the solution has been cooled in vacuo, a
bubble of air, hydrogen, carbonic acid, or
nitrous oxide is sufficient to set up the orystal-
isation, (3) by contact with a solid body
The latter do not cause crystallisation when
cooled in contact with the liquid, nor (except-
ng a crystal of Na2SO4-f-10H20) when they
are moistened or warmed before contact with
the solution

Supersat Na2S04+Aq is brought to
crystallisation by addition of a crystal of
XTa2S04-l-10H2O, or an isomorphous substance
as Na2Se04+10H20, or Na2Cr04+10H20
Other crystals, as MgS04+7H20, etc,, have
no action (Thomson, Chem Soc 35 199 )

See also Hartley, Jones and Hutchmson,
Ihem Soc 1908, 93 825, on "Spontaneous
rystalhsation of sodium sulphate solutions/'
and de Coppet (A ch 1907, (8) 10 457) on
ame subject

A more extended discussion of the pheno-
mena and causes of supersaturation is not con-
idered to the within the scope of this work

NazS04-(-Aq sat at 15° has s
nd Krafft) at 15° has sp gr

i gr 1 10847 (Michel
. 119 (Stolba) at 16°

SULPHATE, SODIUM

1019

gr 1 1162 (Stolba) at 10° contains 29 pts
to lOOpts HaO (supersaturated?) and has
sp gr 1 1259 (Karsten)

Sp gr of Na2SO4+Aq at 19 5°

NaT&O*

Sp gr

Na^O*

Sp gr

2 894
5 589
7 995

1 0262
1 0509
1 0733

10 538
12 473

1 0977
1 1162

(Kremers Pogg 95 120)

Sp gr

Nwb04
-HOHzO

Sp gr

%
NaaSCU
+10H2O

Sp gr

1 262

1 005

13 744

1 055

2 522

1 010

14 975

1 060

3 780

1 015

16 203

1 665

5 035

1 020

17 426

1 070

6 288

1 025

18 645

1 075

7 538

1 030

19 860

1 080

8 786

1 035

21 071

1 085

10 030

1 040

22 277

1 090

11 272

1 045

23 478

1 095

12 510

1 050

24 674,

1 100

(Schmidt Pogg 132 132)
Sp gr of Na2S04+Aq at 19'

...
+10H

1
2
3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Sp gr

0040
0079

1 0118

0158
0198
0232
0278
0318
0358
0398
0439
0479
0520
0560

1 ObOl

% Na2S04
+10H2O

16

17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

Sp gr

0642
0683

1 0725

1 0766

1 0807

1 0849

1 0890

1 0931

1 0973

1 1015

1 1057

1100
1142
1184
1226

(Schiff, A 110 70 )
Sp gr of Na2SO4+Aq at 15°

1
2
3

4
5
6
7
8
9
'10

Sp^gr

+10H2O

1 0091

0182
0274
0365
0457
0550
0644
0737
0832
0927

Sp gr

1 004

1 008

1 013

1 016

1 020

1 024

028
032
036

1 040

Sp fer

if

Na2b04
+10H2O

044
047
052
056
060
064
069
073
077
082

Sp gr

if

NaaSO
+10H20

Sp gr of Na2SO+Aq at 248° a=no of
g , equivalent to J% mol wt , dissolved in
1000 g H20, b=sp gr if a is Na2SO4+
lOBkO, H niol wt =161, c=sp gr if a
is Na2SO4, 1A mol wt =71

1 086
1 090
094
098
103
107
111
116
120
125

(Gerlach, Z anal 8 287 )

1 054
1 098
1 134

1 059
1 114
1 165

1 163
1 188
1 209

1 213

(Favrejind Valson, C R 79 968 )

Sp gr of NajSOi+Aq at 18°

% NaaSO* Sp gr

5
10

1 0450
1 0915

15

Sp gr

1 1426

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

Sp gr of Na2SO4-f Aq at 20° containing

0 5 mol Na2804 to 100 mols H20 = l 03466,

1 0 mol Na2S04 to 100 mols H20 = l 06744
(Nicol, Phil Mag (5) 16 122 )

Sp gr of NaaSOj+Aq at 25°

Concentration of Na^SO*
+AQ

1-nonnal

Sp gr

1 0606
1 0309
1 0156
1 0079

(Wagner, Z phys Ch 1890, 6 39 )

Sp gr at 16°/4° of Na2SO4+Aq containing
9 4043% Na2S04 = 1 08655 (Schonrock, Z
phys Ch 1893, 11 781 )

Na2SO4+Aq containing 2551% Na2SO4
has sp gr 20°/20° = 1 2527 Na2S04+Aq
containing 10 14% Na2SO4 has sp gr 20°/20*

1 0938 (Le Blanc and Rohland, Z phys
Ch 1896, 19 278 )

Sp gr of Na2SO4+Aq at 17 5°; when p =
per tent strength of solution, d= ob-
served density, arjd w= volume cone in

grs i!>er cc

I

p ,

a

w

13 06

1 1226

0 14662

11 75'

1 1094

0 13043

10 68

1 0990

0 11737

8 544

1 0784

0 09214

6 762

1 0615

0 07178

4 015

1 0358

0 04159

2 599

I 0225

0 02658

2 375

1 0204

0 02423

1 818

1 0154

0 01846

1 349

1 0109

0 01364

0 5204

- I 0037

0 00522

0 2921

1 0014

0 00293

(Barnes, J phys Chem 1898, 2 543 )

1020

SULPHATE, SODIUM

Sp gr of NaaSC^+Aq at 20°

B -pt of Na2S04-f Aq containing pts Na2S(>4
to 100 pts H2O

Normality of
NaaSCU+Aq

% NaaSO*

Sp gr

B pt

Pts NazSCU

B pt

Pts NasSO*

0 97
0 48

12 36

6 41

1 1138
1 0570

100 5°
101 0
101 5
102 0

9 5
18 0
26 0
33 0

102 5°
103 0
103 2

39 0
44 5
46 7

(Forchheimer, Z phys Ch 1900, 34 23 )

Sp gr of sat

10E20 + Aq at t°

t°

wt of 1 com of
the solution

100 g H*0
dissolve g
NasSCU+lOHaO

0

1 040

12 16

5

' 1 058

10

1 078

21 04

15

1 109

35 96

18

1 137

48 41

20

1 156

58 35

25

1 209

98 48

26

1 222

109 81

30

1 287

184 1

33

1 312

323 1

34

1 317

413 2

35

1 317

(Tschernaj, J Russ Phys Chem Soc 1914,
46 8)

pt of NaaSCh-fAq
Naa

Sp gr and b

containing P pts NaaSCU-hlOHaO for every 100 pts
HgO has given sp gr and b pt

P

Sp gr

B pt

P

Sp gr

B pt

1

1 005

100 5°

16

1 064

101 25°

2

1 008

100 62

17

1 067

101 25

3

1 014

100 62

18

1 070

101 37

4

1 020

100 75

19

1 072

101 37

5

021

100 75

20

1 074

101 37

6

028

100 87

21

1 076

101 37

7

030

100 87

22

1 078

101 5

8

032

101 0

23

1 080

101 5

9

036

101 0

24

1 082

101 5

10

1 040

101 0

25

1 084

101 5

11

1 043

101 12

26

1 090

101 5

12

1 050

101 12

27

1 092

101 63

13

1 055

101 25

28

1 095

101 63

14

1 060

101 25

29

1 098

101 63

15

1 062

101 25

30

1 100

101 75

(Gerlach, Z anal 26 430 )

M-pt of Na2S04+10H20=34° (Tilden,
Chem Soc 46 409 )
Sol with decomp mHCl-fA.q

Solubility in H2S04+Aq at 25°

1000 g of the
solution contain

Solid phase

Mols
HzSO*

Mols
NauSO*

0 286
0 338
0 884
1 576
1 666
2 611

1 539
1 671
1 742
2 256
2 363
2 437
2 091

Na2S04. 10H20

it

it

Na^O^ 10H20+Na2SO4
Na2s64+Na3H(SO4)2

NasH(S04)2-fNa3H(S04)2, H20

(D'Ans, Z anorg 1906, 49 356 )

Solubihty of Na2SO4 in H2SO4-f Aq at 25 °

(Brandes and Gniner 1827 )

Saturated solution boils at 103 17° (Lowel),
1035° (Mulder), 105° (Kremers), 100 5*
(Griffiths), 1008° (Gerlach)

Crust forms at 102 9°, highest temp , 103 2°,
and solution contains 43 9 pts Na2SO4 to 100
pts H2O (Gerlach, Z anal 26 426 )

1000 g of the solution
contain

Solid phase

Mol NaiSO*

Mol HaS04

1 55

0 08

Na2S04

1 59

0 147

"

1 85

0 60

Na2SO4. 10H2O

2 00

0 763

"

0 77

4 23

NaHS04 H20

0 47

4 96

a

0 32

6 61

Na2HSO4

0 305

6 87

"

0 07

7 18

Na3H(S04)2

0 79

8 78

u

(D'Ans, 1 anorg 1909, 61. 92 )

10 com of sat Na2SO4+absolute H2SC>4
contain approx 2 999 g Na2S04 (Bergius,
Z phys Ch 1910, 72 355 )

SULPHATE, SODIUM

1021

Solubility in H2S04+Aq at 25°
Solid Phase, NaaSC^-j-lOHaO

Solubility in NaOH+Aq at 25°

1000 g of the
solution contain

Snlir

i phase

MiUimols H2S04
in 10 ccm

Millimols NaaSO4
in 10 ccm

Mols Mols
(NaOH)a NaaSCU

5 10

7 79

18 81
22 38
24 65

0 1 54 Na2SO4, 10H20
0 074 1 41
0 70 1 08
1 47 0 90 Na2SO4, 10H20+Na2S04
2 02 0 59 Na2S04
2 82 0 24
3 52 0 126
5 83 0 013
6 62 NaOH, H20

(Herz, Z anorg 1912, 73 276 )
Solubility in H2S04+Aq at 25°

1000 g of the
solution contain

Solid phase

(D'Ans and_Schreiner,Z anorg 1910,67 437)

Sol in sat NH4CH-Aq
Rapidly and abundantly sol in sat KC1+
Aq with pptn of K2SO4
Na2SO*-{-10H2O is sol in sat NaCl+Aq
without pptn If effloresced Na2S04 is used,
a ppt of NaCl is caused at first, and subse-
queritly of Na2SO4-hlOH20 (Karsten )
Sol in boiling sat NaCl+Aq with pptn of
NaCl, but from cold solutions the Na2SO4
separates out first (Vauquehn )
Less sol in NaCl+Aq than in H20 (Hunt,
Am J Sci (2) 26 368 )

Solubility in NaCl+Aq at t°

Mols
80s

Mols
NaiS04

5 91
6 30
6 64
6 90
7 36
7 74
7 82
8 12
8 29
8 40
8 70
8 86
8 93
8 93
8 93
8 84
8 73
8 70
8 62
8 62
8 61
8 87

8 93
9 08
9 36
9 18
9 42
9 48
9 55
9 48
9 85
9 98
(9 77)
10 16
10 78

0 409
0 332
0 297
0 173
0 071
0 047
0 044
0 037
0 042
0 046
0 076
0 156
0 259
0 269
0 273
0 527
0 681
0 808
0 834
0 844
0 899
0 445

0 437
0 394
0 425
0 567
0 728
0 760
0 775
0 953
0 787
0 908
(1 03)
0 797
0 302

NaHSO*

NaHS04+NaH8(SOOa H2O
NaHs(SO4)2 H2O

NaHsCSO*) H2O
metastable solutions

NaH3(S04)2 H20+Na2SO4
4 5H2S04
Na2SO< 45HSJSO4

NazSO^ 45H2SO4+NaHS2O7
NaHSjOr

NaHS2O7 + ^
?

?

Metastable

?

t°

g NaCl per
100 g H20j

g Na2SO4 per
100 g H20

10

0 00
4 28
9 60
15 65
21 82
28 13
30 11
32 27
33 76

9 14
6 42
4 76
3 99
3 97
4 15
4 34
4 59
4 75

21 5

0 00
9 05
17 48
20 41
26 01
26 53
27 74
31 25
31 80
32 10
33 69
34 08
35 46

21 33

15 48
13 73
13 62
15 05
14 44
13 39
10 64
10 28
8 43
4 73
2 77
0 00

(D'Ans, Z anorg 1913, 80 236 )

SI sol in cone HC2H3O2 (Ure's Diet )
Not pptd by addition of glacial HC2H802 to
Na2S04+Aq (Persoz )

25

0 00
2 74
8 15
19 86
24 58
31 21
32 02

28 74
26 57
23 15
20 52
14 86
9 95
9 61

1022

SULPHATE, SODIUM

Solubility in NaCl+Aq at t°— Continued

Solubility in NaCl+Aq at 15°

t°

g NaCl per
100 g HaO

g NauSCUper
100 g H20

Composition of the
sat solution

Solid Phase

27

0 00
2 66
5 29
7 90
16 13
18 91
19 64
20 77
32 33

31 10
28 73
27 17
26 02
24 83
21 39
20 11
19 29
9 53

%&3?

^Cr

11 5
7 86
5 87
5 23
5 26
5 64
2 26
0

0
5 42
11 51
15 97
21 03
23 39
25 21
26 3

Na2S04-KOH20

a

tt
U

t(

Na2S04, 10H2O+NaCl
NaCl

cc

30

0 00
2 45
5 61
7 91
10 61
12 36
15 65
18 44
20 66
32 43

39 70
38 25
36 50
35 96
31 64
29 87
25 02
21 30
19 06
9 06

(Schreinemakers and de Baat, Z phys Ch
1909, 67 554 )

Sol in sat NH^Os+Aq (Margueritte,
O R 38 307 )
Sol in sat KNOs+Aq with pptn after
several hours (Karsten )
Na2S04+10H2O is sol in sat NaN03+Aq
without pptn, but if effloresced Na2S04 is
used, NaN03 is pptd at first, and subse-
quently Na2S04+ra2O
The presence of CaS04 does not affect the
solubility of Na2S04 in H20 to any great
extent (Barre, A ch 1911, (8) 24
160)
More sol in K2S04, CuS04, MgS04+Aq
than in H20 (PfaflL A 99 226 )
100 pts H20 dissolve 20 7 pts CuSO4 and
15 9 pts Na2S04 (Rudorff, B 6 484 )
Sol in sat MgS04, K2S04 CuS04+Aq,
but if more Na2S04 than can be dissolved is
added to the CuS04+Aq, a large quantity of
a double sulphate separates out (Karsten )
The solubility of Na2b04 in K2SO4-f Aq has
been determined at 15°, 25°, 40°, 50°, 60°, 70°
and 80° From the results the conclusion is
drawn that sodium and potassium sulphates
form a double salt of the formula K3Na(S04)2
(Okada, Chem Soc 1915, 108 (2) 344 )
See also under CuSO4, Mgb04, and K2SO4
Slowly but abundantly sol in sat ZnS04+
Aq, with separation of a double salt after a
few days

33

0 00
1 22
1 99
2 64
3 47
12 14
21 87
32 84
33 99
34 77

48 48
46 49
45 16
44 09
42 61
29 32
16 83
8 76
4 63
2 75

35

0 00
2 14
13 57
18 78
31 91
35 63

47 94
43 75
26 26
19 74
8 28
0 00

At 33° and above the values represent the
solubility of Na2SO4 in NaCl+Aq At 10°
the solid phase in contact with the solution is
probably Na2$04, 7H2O Between 17° and
33° the solid phase is either Na2SO4, 10H20 or
Na2S04 An inversion of Na2S04, 10H20 to
Na2S04 takes place at various temp below
33° depending on the amount of NaCl con-
tamed in the solution m contact with the
solid sodium sulphate

(Seidell, Am Ch J 1902, 27 55 )

Solubility of ZnSO4 7H2O+Na2S04 10H20 in
100 g H2O at t°

t

grama ZnbO<

grama Na2SC>4

0
5

40 305

42 285

7 905
9 515

(Koppel, Z phys Ch 1905, 62 409 )
See also under Na2Zn(S04)4-f-4H2O

SULPHATE, SODIUM

1023

Solubility

of Na2S04+Th(S04)2 at 16°
Solid phase Th(SO4)2

Solubility of Na2S04 in alcohol+Aq at t°

t°
15

25
36

%

alcohol

g per 100 g solution

solid phase

Pts per 100 pta H20

Pts per 100 pts HaO

HjO

alcohol

NaaSO*

Na2S04

Th(S04)2

NaaSO*

Th(SO*)2

0 7
9 2
19 4
39 7
58 9
72 0
0 0
11 2
20 6
30 2

88 7
85 1
78 6
60 0
41 1
28 0
72 8
76 5
74 3
68 4

0 0
8*6
18 9
39 5
58 8
72 0
0 0
9 5
19 2
29 6

11 3
6 3
2 9
0 5
0 1
0 0
27 2
14 0
6 5
2 0

Na2S04+10H20
ti

tt

C(
C(

I

Na2S04-f7H20
ti

(C

ft

1 094
1 960
2 84
2 98
4 11

1 743
2 387
3 800
3 962
3 375

5 79
9 35
12 24
15 36

2 136
1 379
1 169
1 048

(Barre, C R 1911, 150 155 )

Solubility in Na acetate -f-Aq at 25°
Solid phase, Na2S04+10H20

0 0
10 6
24 0
54 0

78 1
78 5
72 8
45 6

0 0
9 3
22 9
54 0

21 9
12 2
4 3
0 4

Na2S04+10H20
ti

1C

It

Composition of the solutions

0 0
8 8
12 8
17 9
18 1
28 9
48 7

67 0
70 0
71 2
71 1
71 0
66 5
50 9

0 0
6 8
10 5
15 5
15 7
28 4
48 3

33 0
22 6
18 3
13 4
13 3
5 1
0 8

Na2S04

(C

l(

C

{
t

% Na acetate

% NaaSCU

% H20£a

0
4 10
7 71
12 58
16 26
20 63

21
17
16
13
11
8

9

72
48
50
50
10

78 10
78 18
75 81
73 92
72 24
71 27

45

0 0
9«0
14 £
20 6
31 C

67 6

>71 O

0 0

>7 1

32 4

91 ft

I
{

(Fox,

Chem Soc

1909, 96 888 )

Insol in liquid NH3
J 1898, 20 829 )

(Franklin, Am Ch

Alcohol precipitates NaaSCU-J-lOHzO from the cold
saturated aqueous solution (Brandes and Firnhaber )

Insol in alcohol of from 0 817 to 0 90 sp gr (Kir
wan )

1000 pts alcohol of 0 872 sp gr dissolve 0 7 pt
NaaS04 at 12 5 15° of 0 905 sp gr dissolve 3 8 pts
NasSO* at 12 5 lo° I

Insol in alcohol of 0 83 0 85 sp gr (Anthon )

From supersaturated solution in alcohol,
crystals with 7H20 are formed (Schiff, A
106 11 ) '

100 pts 10% alcohol at 15° contain 14 35
pts Na2S04-hlOH20, 20% alcohol at
contain 5 6 pts Na2feO4-HOH20, 40% alcohol,
at 15° contain 1 3% Na2SO4-HOH2O (Schiff t
A 118 365 )

Verv si sol in abs alcohol at ord temp ,
somewhat more, though still exceedingly
sparingly, sol in abs alcohol acidulated with
H2SO4 (Fresenms )

Alcohol does not affect crystal H20 of
Na2SO4+10HO

Between certain concentrations of alcohol,
the liquid separates into two layers at 25°,
36° and 45°, of the following composition

t°

Upper Layer

Lower Layer

H?0

g
alcohol

Nalso*

nfo

g
acohol

Nafs04

25

66 5
68 1
68 3

27 3
23 9
23 1

6 2

8 0
8 6

67 4
68 5
68 3

5 1
6 0

6 7

27 5
25 5
25 0

36

57 7
65 0
68 1

38 4
28 3
21 2

3 9

6 7
10 7

66 6

68 8
68 9

4 1

5 9
9 4

29 3

25 3
21 7

45

61 8
65 8
66 0

32 9
25 3
24 0

5 3

8 9
10 0

68 4
68 6

8 8
10 1

22 8
21 3

(de Bruyn, Z phys Ch 1900, 32 101 )

1024

SULPHATE, SODIUM HYDROGEN

Solubility in alcohol+Aq at 25°

Sodium thonum sulphate. Na2SO4, Th(SOO*
+6H20

Sol in H20 100 pts cold sat Na2S04+Aq
dissolve 4 pts of this salt (Cleve )
See also under Na2SO4+ThSO4

Sodium titanium seswsulphate, Na2Ti2(S04)4
+5H20

Sol in H20 (Spence, Chem Soc 1904,
86 (2) 412 )
Insol in alcohol (Knecht, B 1903, 36
169)

Composition of the
sat solution

Solid phase

%by
•wt
HsO

%by
wt
alcohol

%by
vrt
NaaSO*

63 41
49 0
46 6
34 9

34 84
50 5
53 0
64 95

1 75
0 5
0 4
0 15

Na2S04, lOHaO

a

Na2S04, 10H20+ Na2SO*
Na2S04

Schrememakers, Z phys Ch 1909, 67 552 )

Solubility data for solution of Nad in ethyl
IcohoH-Aq at 15°, 25°, and 30° are given by
chrememakers (Z phys Ch 1909, 67 556)

Solubility m propyl alcohol 4- Aq at 20°

fc2 20
±9 77
55 65

per 100
g solution

1 99
1 15
0 72

56 57
60 64
62 81

g

per 100
g solution

0 55
0 44
0 38

Sodium titanyl sulphate, Na2TiO2(SO4)2+

10H20

Hygroscopic (Mazzuchelh and Pantanelli,
C 1909, II 420 )

Sodium uranyl sulphate, Na2(UO2)(SO4)a+

3H20
(de Comnck, C C 1905, I 919 )

.Linebarger, Am Ch J 1892, 14 380)

Sol in glycerine

Insol in acetone (Naumann. B L904 37
4329, Eidmann, C C 1899 II, 1014),
benzomtrile (Naumann, B 1914, 47 1370)
methyl acetate (Naumann, B 1909, 42
7790), ethvl acetate (Naumann, B 1910, 43
314)

100 g H20 dissolve 183 7 g sugar+30 5
g Na2S04 at 31 25°, or 100 g sat solution
contain 52 2 g sugar -j- 9 6 g Na2S04
(Kohler, Z Ver Zuckerind, 1897, 47 447

Min Anhydrous, Thmardite -flOH20,
Mvrabihte

Sodium hydrogen sulphate, NaHS04

Not deliquescent Very sol in H20 with
decomposition

Sol m 2 pts H20 at 0° (Link), 1 pt H20
at 100° (Schubarth) 100 pts H20 at 15 5r
dissolve 9272 pts Sol in 2 pts H20 ai
18 75° (Abl), decomp by alcohol

Insol in liquid NHs (Franklin. Am Ch
J 1898, 20 829 )

+H20 Deliquescent, and decomp by thi
H20 which it takes up

NaH3(S04)2 Decomp byH20 (Schultz

jPnsodium hydrogen sulphate, Na8H(S04)2
Sol in H2O with decomp
+H20 (Rose )

Sodium ps/rosulphate, Na2S20?
Sol in fuming H2S04 without decomp

Sodium Hiallic sulphate, Na2S04, T12(S04)«
Sol in H20 (Strecker, A 136 207 )

Sodium vanadium sulphate,

24H20

Very sol in H20 (Piccim, Z anorg 1897,
13 444)

Sodium vanadyl sulphate, Na2SO4, VOSO4-h
4H20

Easily sol in H2O and alcohol 4- cone
H2S04 (Koppel, Z anorg 1903, 36 177 )

Na2S04, 2VOS04+2JiH2O Slowly sol

H20

Can be cryst from H2SO4 at 100° (Kop-
pel)

Sodium yttrium sulphate, Na2S04, Y2CSO4)8-f
2H20

Quite sol in H2O (Cleve )

The only double salt capable of exibting
at 25° (James and Holden, J Am Chem
Soc 1913, 35 562 )

Sodium zinc sulphate, Na2S04, ZnSO4 +
4H20

Deliquescent m moist air
Decomp into constituents on dissolving in
H2O (Graham, Phil Mag 18 417 )

Solubility of Na2Zn(SO4)2 -HH2O m 100 g
at t°

t°

grams ZnSO4

grams NaakO*

25
30
35
40

26 32
26 475
26 365
26 68

23 40
23 445
23 525
23 63

(Koppel, Z phys Ch 1905, 52 409 )

SULPHATE, STRONTIUM

1025

Solubility of Na2Zn(S04)24H20+ZnS04
7H2O in 100 g H20 at t°

Sol in about 8000 pts H2O (Schweitzer,
J B 1877 1054 )
Calculated from electrical conductivity of
the solution, SrS04 is sol in 10,070 pts H2O
at 16 1° and 10,090 pts at 20 1° (Holleman,
Z phvs Ch 12 131 )
1 1 H20 dissolves 107 mg SrSO4 at 18° and
not much more at higher temp (Kohlrausch
andRose.Z phys Ch 12 241)
100 g H20 dissolve
att° 0°-5° 10°~12° 20° 30°
g SrSO, 0 0983 0 0994 0 1479 1 0600

t°

grams
ZnSO*

$Sso4

t°

grams
ZnSCU

grams
NaaSO*

10
15
20

45 79

48 81
52 34

11 24
10 175
8 625

25
30
35

56 155
60 55
65 25

7215
634
5 64

(Koppel )
Solubility of Na2Zn(SO4)24H20+ZnS04

6H2O m 100 g H20 at t°

t°

grams ZnSO*

grams NaaSCU

38
40

66 64
64 89

4 98
4 71

(Koppel )

Solubility of Na2Zn(S04)24H20+Na2S04
10H20 in 100 g H20 at t°

t°

grams ZnSCU

grams Na^O*

10
15
20
25
30

43 495
36 925
28 77
19 935
10 67

12 35
16 71
21 98
29 875
42 515

(Koppel )

Solubility of N<L2Zn(S04)2 4H20+Na2S04
(anhydrous) in 100 g H20 at t°

t°

grams 7nSO*

grams NaaS04

35

40

8 725

9 Ib

46 61
43 835

(Koppel )

Sodium sulphate fluoride, Na2S04, NaF

Cryst fromII2O without decomp (Marig-
ii ic, Ann Mm (5) 15 2K> )

Sodium sulphate antimony Influonde
See Antimony influonde sodium sulphate

Strontium sulphate, SrS04

Very si sol in < old, and still less in boiling

11 H () at 1 1-1 5° dissolves 0 066 g SrS04
(Br indes and Silbcr), 0145 g SrS04 (Fre-
semus), 0154-0167 g SrS04 (Mangnac),
0 187 g ferbO4 (Kremers) , 0 278 g SrS04
(Andrews) „ ^

1 1 boiling H2O dissolves 0 104 g SrS04
(Fresenms), 0282 g SrS04 (Brandes and
Silber)

When a Sr salt is precipitated by H2S04, 1
pt SrSO4 remains dissolved in 700 pts H2O
(Mangnac )

att° 50° 80° 90° 95-98°

g SrS04 0 1629 0 1688 0 1727 0 1789

(Wolfmann, C C 1897, 1 632 )

1 1 H20 dissolves 114 mg SrS04 at 18°
(Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1904, 60 356),
114 3 mg at 18° (Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch
1908, 64 168 )

Sol in 6895 pts cold, and 9638 pts boiling
H20, m 11,000-12,000 pts H20 containing
H2S04, in 474 ECl+Aq containing 85%
HC1, m 432 pts HNOs+Aq containing 4 8
% N206, in 7843 pts HC2H802+Aq contain-
ing 15 6% HC2H802 (Fresemus )

Or, 1 1 cold HCl+Aq of 8 5% dissolves 2 11
g SrS04, 1 1 cold HN08+Aq of 4 8% N2O5
dissolves 2 31 g SrS04, 1 1 cold HC2H802+
Aq of 15 6% HC2H3O2 dissolves 0 1275 g
SrS04 (Fresemus )

Solubihty of SrS04 ui HCl+Aq

No cc HC1 +

g per 100 cc solution

Aq containing

Img equrv HC1

HC1

SrSO4

0 2

18 23

0 161

0 5

7 29

0 207

1 0

3 65

0 188

2 0

1 82

0 126

10 0

0 36

0 048

(Banthisch, J pr 1884, (2) 29 54 }
Solubility of SrSO4 m HN08+Aq

No cc HNO3+
Aq containing
im^eguiv

g per 100 cc solution

HN08

SrSCh

0 2
0 5
1 0
2 0
10 0

31 52
12 61
6 30
3 15
0 63

0 381
0 307
0 217
0 138
0 049

(Banthisch, J pr 1884, (2) 29 54 )

Sol m cone H2S04 See under SrH2(SO4)2

Insol in NH4Cl+Aq or cone (NH4)2FO4+
Aq (Rose)

Slowly but- completely sol in NaCl+Aq-
(Wackenroder )

H20 containing Na2S04 dissolves less SrSO^

1026

SULPHATE, STRONTIUM HYDROGEN

than pure H20, H2O containing H2S04 still
less (Andrews, Phil Mag Ann 7 406)

Insol in Na2S2Oa-i-Aq

Insol in boiling cone (NH4)2S04-fAq
(Rose, Pogg 110 292 )

Sol in 16 949 pts (NH4)2S04-|-Aq (1 4)
(Fresemus, Z anal 32 195 )

Pptn is hindered by alkali metaphosphates
and citrates, but not by citric acid

Decomp at ord temp , and more rapidly
on boihng by alkali carbonates +Aq

Sol in MgCl2 or KCl+Aq. solubility in-
creasing with strength of solution, sol m
NaCl or CaCl2-j-Aq, maximum solubility
occurring when the solutions are of a medium
concentration The numerical results are as
follows

100 pts of the salt solutions containing given
pts salt dissolve pts SrS04

Salt

Fts salt

Pts SrSO*

NaCl

22 17
15 54

8 44

0 1811
0 2186
0 1653

KC1

18 08
12 54
8 22

0 2513
0 1933
0 1925

MgCl2

13 63
4 03
1 59

0 2419
0 2057
0 1986

CaCl

33 70
16 51
8 67

0 1706
0 1853
0 1756

(Virck, C C 1862 402 )

Solubility in H2O, and in solutions of the
sulphates chlorides and nitrates of the
alkalies and alkaline earths and in solutions of
salts of the alkalies with strong organic acids
has been determined No data m abstract
(Wolfmann, Chem Soc 1898, (2) 74 220)

Solubility in H2O is considerably decreased
by the presence of K2S04 (Barre. A ch
1911, (8) 24 175 )

Insol in liquid NHs (Franklin, Am Ch

1898, 20 829 )

100 g 95% formic acid dissolve 002 g
SrS04 at 18 5° (Aschan, Chem Ztg 1913,
37 1117)

Insol in absolute alcohol, scarcely sol m
dil alcohol

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), acetone (Naumann, B
1904, 37 4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II
1014)

Mm Cekslite

Strontium hydrogen sulphate, SrH2(S04)2

100 pts H2S04 dissolve 2 2 pts SrSO4 (Lies-
Bodart and Jacquemin), 100 pts H2S04 dis-
solve 568 pts (Struve, Z anal 9 34), 100
>ts fuming H2S04 dissolve 977 pts
'Struve)

1 g SrS04 dissolves in 1256 g 91% H2SO4+
Aq (Varenne and Pauleau, C R 93 1016),
boihng H2S04 dissolves about 15% SrS04, and
still more at 100° (Schultz, Pogg 133 147)

Sol in 1519 pts 91% H2S04 (Varenne
and Pauleau, C R 93 1016)

100 pts H2S04 (sp gr 1 843) dissolve 14
pts SrS04 at 70° (Garside, C N 31 245 )

Decomp by H20

100 pts hot cone H2S04 dissolve about
90 pts SrS04 (Rohland, Z anorg 1910,
66 206)

10 ccm of sat SrS04+ absolute H2S04
contain approx 2 17 g SrS04 (Bergius, Z
phys Ch 1910, 72 355 )

+H20 Decomp by H2O

Strontium tin (stannic) sulphate, SrS04,

Sn(S04)2+3H20

Decomp by H2O Sol m HC1 (Wem-
land and Kuhl, Z anorg 1907, 54 249 )

Strontium titanium sulphate, SrS04, Ti(SO4)2

Ppt, decomp by H2O giving titanic icid
(Wemland and Kuhl, Z anorg 1907,54 254)

Tantalum sulphate, 3Ta206, S08+9H2O
(Hermann, J pr 70 201 )

Tellurium sulphate, basic, Te02, S03

Sol m cold dil H2S04 Dccomp by hot
H20 (Klein, C R 99 32b )

Solubility of SrSO4 in Ca(N08)2+Aq at ord
temp
G per 100 cc sat solution

Terbium sulphate, Tr2(S04)3+8H20
Sol mH20
Sol m H20 , pptd by alcohol (Urb un, C
R 1908, 146 127 )

Thallous sulphate, T12S04

1 pt dissolves at t° in pts H20, according
to C = Crookes, L = Lamy
15° 18° 62° 100° 1012°
21 1 20 8 8 7 54 5 22 pts H2O
C L L C L

Ca(NOs)2

SrSO4

Ca(N03)2

SrSCh

0 5

1

2
3

0 0483
0 0619
0 1081
0 1275

4
5
6

0 1489
0 1689
0 1955

(Raffo and Rosa, Gazz ch it 1915, 45 (1)
45 )

SULPHATE, THORIUM 1027

Solubility of T12S04 in H20

T12S04, T1HSO4 Sol in H2G (Storten-
becker, R t c 1902, 21 90 )

Thallous persulphate, T^SsO?
Decomp by H2O (Weber, B 17 2502 )

Thallous ontosulphate, T12S8O25
Decomp by H20 (Weber, B 17 2502 )

Thalhc sulphate, basic, T1208, 2SOa+3H2G
Sol in H2G
+5H2G As above (Willm, A ch (4) 5
5)

t°

% Tl SO*

t°

% T12S04

0
10
20
30
40
50

2 63

3 57
4 64
5 80
7 06
8 44

60
70
80
90
99 7*

9 85
11 31
12 75
14 19
15 57

B-pt at 748 mm
(Berkeley, Phil Trans Roy Soc 1904, 203
A, 189, calc by Landolt-Bornstem)

100 g H20 dissolve 3 36 g T12S04 at 6 5°,
4 3 g at 12°, 19 14 g at 100° (Tutton, Proc
Roy Soc 1907, 79 A, 351 )

1 1 H2O dissolves 01928 equivalents
TUSO4 at 20°, or 48 59 g in 1 1 of solution
(Noyes, J Am Chem Soc 1911, 33 1657 )

1 1 H2O dissolves 0 1083 g equiv T12S04
at 25°, or 27 28 g in 1 1 of solution (Noyes )

Solubility in H2S04-f Aq at 25°

Strength of H SO* +Aq
g mols per 1

g mols Tl SCU per 1

00494
00987

0 1172
0 1249

(Noyes, J Am Chem Soc 1911, 33 1662 )

1 1 TIClOs+Aq containing 0 1058 equiv-
alents T1C1O3, dissolves 0 1366 equivalents
T12SO4 at 20° (Noyes )

See also T1C103

Solubility m salts 4- Aq at 25°

g mols per 1

'g mols per 1 Tl SCh
dissolved

0 0996 T1NG3
0 0497 Na2S04
0 1988Na2SO4
0 1010NaHSG4

0 08365
0 1080
0 1173
0 1161

(Noyes )

Thallous hydrogen sulphate, T1HSO4
SI hydroscopic
Solubility m H2S04+Aq at 25°

1000 g of the solution contain

Mols H£04

Mols TlaSOi

4 55
4 79
4 89
4 92
4 78 i
4 26
4 03

0 56
0 55
0 59
0 66
0 75
1 01
1 08

(D'Ans, Z anorg 1910, 66 232 )

Thalkc sulphate, T12(SO03+7H20

Decomp by cold H20 with separation of
TIG (OH) (Crookes )

Thallothallic sulphate, 2T120, 3T1208, 12S08+

25H20

Gradually efflorescent (Willm )
T12(S04)2 (Lepsius, Chem Ztg 1890

1327)
T1H(S04)2 (Lepsius)

Thallous uranyl sulphate, Tl2(U02)(S04)2-h
3H20

SI sol in cold H20

Easily forms supersat solutions (Kohn,
Z anorg 1908, 69 112 T

Thallium vanadium sulphate, Tl2V2(S04)4-f-
24H20

100 pts H20 dissolve 11 06 pts salt at 10°

Sp gr of solution at 4°/20° = 2 342

Very sol in hot H20 (Piccim, Z anorg

1897, 13 446 )
256 g anhydrous, or 433 g hydrated salt,

or 0 573 g mols of anhydrous salt are sol in

1 1 H20 at 25°
Melts in crystal H2O at 48° (Locke, Am

Ch J 1901, 26 175 )

Thallous zinc sulphate, Tl2Zn(S04)2-f 6H20

1 1 H2O dissolves 86 g anhydrous salt
at 25° (Locke, Am Ch J 1902, 27 459 )

Thallothallic sulphate bromide, Tl2Br2SG4

Very sol in cold H20 Decomp by much
H20 (Meyer aid Goldschrmdt, B 1903, 36
242)

Thorium sulphate, basic, 3[Th(SO4)2+2H2G],
Th(SO4)G-j-2H20

Insol in H2O, very slowly attacked by dil
acids (Demarcay )

lhO(S04)-f2H2G Stable m aq solution
at 100° (Hauser, B 1910, 43 2776 )

-f-5H->0 Somewhat sol in hot cone
MgSG4+Aq (Halla, Z anorg 1912, 79 260 )

Thorium sulphate, Th(S04)2

Anhydrous Easily sol if brought into a
large amount of H2O, but very slowly sol if
only a little H2G is added to the salt

1028

SULPHATE, THORIUM

100 pts HjjO dissolve about 486 pts
Th(S04)2 at 0° (Cleve )

When heated, a hydrous salt separates out,
which redissolves on cooling (Cleve )

Solubility of anhydrous salt cannot be
determined, as it begins to , separate out
Th(S04)2-f 9H20 before a saturated solution
is reached At 0°, 100 pts H20 dissolved 22 97
pts Th(S04)2 m 15 minutes, at 25°, 27 00 pts
Th(S04)2 were dissolved in 5 minutes
(Roozeboom, Z phys Ch 6 198 )

4-2H20 Shows same behaviour as anhy-
drous salt 100 pts H20 dissolved 35 50 pts
Th(S04)2 from this salt at 1°, but this is not
the maximum solubility (Roozeboom )

+4H2O Pptd by alcohol from hot aque-
ous solution, also formed by heating Th(S04)2
+9H2O m aqueous solution above 60°

100 pts H20 dissolve pts Th(S04)2+4H20,
calculated as Th(S04)2, at t° D=ac-
cording to Demarcay (C R 96 1860),
R— according to Roozeboom (Z phys
Ch 5 202)

t°

Pts
Th(S04)z

t°

Pts
Th(S04)2

t°

Pts
Th(S04)

0
10
20

0 88
1 02
1 25

30
40

1 85
2 83

50
55

4 86

6 5=*=

aqueous solution Sol in about 88 pts H2(
atO° (Cleve) Extremely slowly sol in H2C

100 pts H20 dissolve pts Th(SO4)2-f 9E2C
calculated as Th(S04)2, at t°

Above 55°, Th(S04)2+4H2O separates ou
(Demarcay C R 96 1860, calculated by
Roozeboom )

100 pts H20 dissolve pts Th(SO4)2+9H2C
calculated as Th(S04)2, at t°

0
10
20

Pts
Th(S04)a

0 74

0 98

1 38

30
40

Pts
Th(SO4)2

1 995

2 998

51

55

PtS

Th(S04)

5 22

6 76

17
35
40

Pts

9 41 D
4 50 D
4 04 R

Pts

2 54 R
1 94 D
1 634 R

70
75
95

Pts
Th(S04)

1 09 R
1 32 D
0 71 D

-j-6H20 Behaves as the anhydrous salt,
but action is much slower

100 pts H20 dissolve pts Th(S04)2-t-6H20,
calculated as Th(S04)2, at t°

Above 60°, Th(fe04)2+4H20 separates ou
(Roozeboom, Z phys Ch 6 201 )

For further data, see Roozeboom (Z phv
Ch 5 198), where there is a full discussio
of the subject

100 g sat solution of Th(S04)2+9H20 i
H20 at 25° contain 1593 g anhyd^sal
(Wirth, Z anorg 1912, 76 174 )

Solubility of Th(S04)2 in H2SO4+Aq at t

0
15
30

Pts
Th(S04)2

1 50

1 63

2 45

45
60

Pts
Th(S04)2

3 85
6 64

(Roozeboom )

This determination gives too low figures,
especially at the higher temperatures (Rooze-
boom)

+8H20

100 pts H2O dissolve pts Th(S04)2+8H20,
calculated as Th(SO4)2, at t°

0
15

Pts
Th(SO4)8

1 00

1 38

25

44

Pts
Th(S04)a

1 85
3 71

(Roozeboom )

100 g Th(S04)2+Aq sat with Th(S04)2-f
8H2O at 30° contain 2 152 g anhydrous
Th(S04)2 (Koppel and Holzkampf, Z
anorg 1910, 67 274 )

100 g H20 dissolve 1 722 g at 25° (Barre,
Bull Soc 1912, (4) U )

+9H20 Pptd by alcohol from cold

t

% H2S04

% ThS04

Solid phase

30

0 000

2 152

Th(S04)2+8H2C

0 466

2 055

It

0 72

2 085

(C

1 468

2 267

tc

2 983

2 311

ee

4 38

2 367

te

4 97

2 323

e

9 95

1 961

u

15 03

1 484

C(

18 95

1 078

t{

23 64

0 7196

u

32 b8

0 3364

lh(S04)2+4H2C

37 80

0.077

1C

43 28

0 0213

45 69

0 0047

(f

74 0

0 1208

(C

80 5

0 000

(t

20

5

1 722

Th(S04)2+8H2(

15

0 9752

u

25

0 3838

te

40

0 0103

Th(S04)2+4H2(

Boiling

5

0 7407

tt

temp

10

0 4808

tt

15

0 3882

it

(KoppeLand Holzkampf. Z anorg 1910, 6
274)

SULPHATE, TITANIUM HYDROGEN

1029

Solubility in H2S04+Aq at 25°

Per 100 g of solution

g Th(S04)2

g HaSQ*

1 722
1 919
2 017
2 060
2 061
2 035
1 863
1 702

0 000
1 072
1 941
2 821
3 843
5 212
8 055
10 105

(Barre, Bull Soc 1912, (4) 11 647 )
Solubility in H2S04+Aq at 25°

nahty
SO/

In 100 g of the
liquid are dissolved

Solid phase

g oxide

g

anhydrous
sulphate

1
16
32
68
68
89
15

1 015
1 14
0 9265
0 545
0 2685
0 0651
0 0396
0 0192

1 593
1 831
1 488
0 8751
0 4312
0 1045
0 0636
0 0308

Th(S04)2+9H2O

(
cc
it

Th(S04)2+8H20
Th(S04)2+4H20

(Wirth, Z anorg 1912,76 186)
Dlubihty of Th(SO4)2 in HCl+Aq at 30°

fcHbi

% Th(S04)2

Solid phase

0 0

2 15

Th(S04)2-f8H20

4 55

3 541

6 95

3 431 ±

c

L2 14

2 811

L5 71

2 360

{

L8 33
>0

2 199
2 13

(

Th(S04)2+4H20

23 9

1 277

oppel and Holzkampf, Z anorg 1910, 67

274)

Lubikty of Th(SO4)2 in HNOs+Aq at 30°

fc HNOs

%Th(bOOi

Solid phase

0 0

2 15

Th(S04)2+8H20

5 17

3 68

10 04

4 20

16 68

4 84

21 99

4 47

28 33

3 96

28 51
33 17

3 88
3 34

Th(S04)2+4H2O

38 82

2 51

oppel and Holzkampf, Z anorg 1910, 67
274 )

The presence of phosphoric acid increases
the solubility of thorium sulphate in HC1 and
HN03 (Koppel and Holzkampf, Z anorg
1910 67 280 )

For solubility of Th(SO4)2 in (NH4)2SO<,
Li2S04. and K2S04. see respective sulphates

Insol in liquid NHS (Gore, Am Ch J
1898,20 830)

Thorium hydrogen sulphate, ThH2(SO4)g

Hydroscopic

Sol in excess of hot H2S04, insol in cold
H2S04 (Brauner, Z anorg 1904, 38 333 )

Thulium sulphate, Tm2(S04)8+8H20

Insol in alcohol (James, J Am Chem
Soc 1911,33 1343)

Tin (stannic) sulphate, basic, (SnO)S04+
H20

Easily sol in cold H20, but quickly de-
comp with separation of stannic hydroxide
(Ditte, C R 104 178 )

3SnO, S08 Easily sol in dil acids
(Ditto, A ch 1882, (5) 27 159 )

+1HH20 Not decomp by cold H2O
(Ditto )

Tin (stannous) sulphate, SnS04

Sol in 5 3 pts H2O at 19°, and 5 5 pts at
100° (Marignac) Soluti6n soon decomposes
with separation of a basic salt Sol in
H2S04-hAq (Bouquet)

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329)

Tin (stannic) sulphate, Sn(S04)2+2H20

Deliquescent Easily sol in H20 , decomp
by much H20 Sol in dil H2S04-|-Aq
Slowly sol in HCl+Aq Decomp by abso-
lute alcohol (Ditte, C R 104 178)

Titanium sulphate, Ti(SO4)2+3H20

Deliquescent, and sol in H2O The aque-
ous solution is decomp on boiling (Glatzel,
B 9 1833 )
Titanium se^gmsulphate, Ti2(S04)3

Very deliquescent, and easily sol in H20
Aqueous solution is decomp by boiling
(Ebelmen ) , ,

Insol in H20, alcohol ether and cone
H2S04 Slowly sol in dil H2S04 and HOI
(Stabler, B 1905,38 2624)

Not sol in alcohol (Knecht, B 1903, 36

16+8H20 Sol in H20 (GUtzel, B 9
1833)

Titanium hydrogen sesgutsulphate, 3Ti2(SO4)8,
H2S04+25H20

Gradually sol in H2O

Insol m 60% H2SO4 alcohol ether and
glacial acetic acid (Stabler, B 1905, 38
2621)

1030

SULPHATE, TITAJSTYL

Titanyl sulphate, (TiO)S04

Decomp by H20 Slowly sol in cold,
rapidly in warm HCl-f-Aq (Merz, J pr
99 157)

-f 2H20 Sol in H20 (BlondeL, BuU
Soc 1899, (3) 21 262 )

2TiO2. 3S03+3H20 Sol in H20 acidified
with HC1 (Blondel, BuU Soc 1899, (3) 21
262)

5Ti02, S08+5H20 (Blondel )

7Ti02) 2S03-fa;H20 (Blondel )

2TiO2, SOs-t-zHjjO (Blondel )

TJranous sulphate, basic, U(OH)2S04-hH20
Insol in H20 H20 dissolves out H2SOi

(Ebelmen, A ch (3) 5 217 )
+5H20 Sol in alcohol
Pptd by ether (Rosenheim. Z anorg

1901,26 251

TJranous sulphate, U(S04)2+4H20

Sol in H20 with immediate decomp
Easily sol in dil H2S04+Aq (Kohl-

schutter, B 1901, 34 3629 )

Decomp by F20 into insol basic, and sol

acid salt Sol in dil H2S04 or HCl+Aq

Difficultly sol in cone acids (Ebelmen, A

ch (3) 6 215 )

/Solubility of U(S04)2+4H2Q in H20 at t°

t°

%U(SOO*

t°

%U(S002

29
37

9 8
8 3

48 2
63

8 1
7 3

(Giohtti and Bucci, Gazz ch it 1905, 35
(2) 162 )

1 pt is sol m 4 23 pts H2O at 13°, 4 3 pts
at 11 3°, 4 4 pts at 9 1° (de Comnck, A ch
1903, (7) 28 12 )

+8H.O

Solubility of U(S04)2+8H2O m H20 at t°

t°

% U<BOi)i

t°

% U0300

18
25 6
37

10 17
13 32
19 98

48 2
62
93

28 72
36 8
63 2

(Giohttj and Bucci, Gazz ch it 1905, 35

(2) 162 )

Sp gr ofU(SQ4)2+Aq at t°

t

% salt

Sp gr

16

1

1 0058

16 8

2

1 0107

16

3

1 0165

17 8

4

1 0218

17 2

5

1 0272

18

6

1 0320

18 3

7

1 0379

17 4

8

1 0429

15 2

9

1 0485

15 6

10

1 0539

(de Comnck, A ch 1903, (7) 28 11 )

Solubility in acids +Aq
1 pi U(S04) is sol in pts acid at t°

t°

Acid

Concentra
tion of acid

Pts
acid

9 7
9 2

HC1

It

14

it

5 74
5 8

11 2
10 3

HN03

n

14

u

5 4
5 53

11 4
10" 7

H2Se04
(sp gr 14)

14

1C

4 57
4 66

15
14.2

HBr
ft

14
a

4
4 23

15 5

14 4

HC2H302

c

14 5

(t

4 1
4 3

16 5

15 9

t

12

c

3 72
3 85

11 7
10 9
10 1
9

H2S04
si

ti

ie

14

u

u

ce

6 36
6 42
6 45
6 5

(de Comnck, Chem Soc 1902, 82 (2) 45C

Sp gr of U(S04)2+HCl(d = l 046) at t°
~o~T= Sp gr referred to H20
d2 = Sp gr referred to HC1

t

% salt

di

d2

16

1

1 0525

1 0063

17

2

1 0572

1 0109

18

3

1 0619

1 0154

18 4

4

1 0667

1 0199

17 6

5

1 0714

1 0243

(de Comnck, A ch 1903, (7) 28 11 )

gr of U(SO4)«+H,S04(d = l 14) a,t t°
= Sp gr referred to H2O
d2 = Sp gr referred to H2S()4

t

% salt

di

ch

18 7

1

1 1442

1 0038

18 3

2

1 1494

1 0083

17 4

3

1 1539

1 0123

17 6

4

1 1583

1 0162

18 1

5

1 1626

1 0204

(de Comnck, A ch 1903, (7) 28 11 )

1 pt is sol m 8 pts alcohol (94°)+ A
(1 4) at 10 4° (de Comnck )

Solubility in glycol at 14 8° = 3 15% (<
Comnck, C C 1905, II 883 )

Mm Johannite M sol m H2G»

(Uranous hydrogen sulphate, U(SO4)2, H2S(
1 -flOH20

(Giohtti, C C 1905,11 1226)

SULPHATE, VANADIUM

1031

Uranyl sulphate, basic, 3UOS, S08+2E2Q

Sp gr of (U02)S04-fH2S04(d*=l 168) at t°

(Athanasesco )

di -Sp gr referred to E20

+14HiO Sol in H20 (Ordway, Sill
AT« T fo\ Oft one ^

d2— Sp gr referred to E2SQ4

4UOS, S08-f7H2O (Athanasesco, C B
103 271 )

t°

%salt

di

d,

U02, 4UOS04-f 8E20 Less sol in mm
acids, especially dil E2S04-fAq, than UOS04
+ 2E2O (de Comnck, C C 1901, II 1038 )

20 6
22 2
21 1
22 7

1
2
3

4

1 1738
1 1775
1 1880
1 1872

1 0050
1 0082
1 0129
1 0165

22 3

5

1 1918

1 0204

+ H20 fde Comnck )

+3H20 Efflorescent Very sol in H20
and alcohol

1 pt is sol in 0 6 pt cold H20, in 0 45
pt boiling H20, in 25 pts cold absolute
alcohol, in 20 pts boiling absolute alcohol
(Bucholz )

Sol in 0 47 pt H2O at 21°, and 0 28 pt
boiling H20 (Ebelmen )

100 pts H20 at 15 5° dissolve 160 pts , and
at 100°, 220 pts (Ure's Diet )

1 pt is sol in 5 3 pts H20 at 13 2°, 5 16
pts at 14 1°, 4 96 pts at 15 1°, 4 88 pts at
15 5° (de Comnck, A ch 1903, (7) 28 8 )

Sp gr of (U02)S04-fAq at t°

t°

% (UO)2S04

Sp gr

14

1

1 0062

15 5

2

1 0113

11 3

3

1 0172

10 2

4

1 0229

10 2

5

1 0280

10

6

1 0338

14

7

1 0389

15 6

8

1 0442

11

9

1 0503

10 3

10

1 0557

11 4

11

1 0612

11 6

12

1 0669

(de Comnck, A ch 1903, (7) 28 7 )

Solubility in acids

I pt (UO2)S04 is sol in

3 4 pts cone HC1 at 12 8°
3 25 " " " " 13 6°
59 " HBr(d = l 21) " 129°
61" " " " 11 2°
10 8 " cone HN08 " 12 3°

II 2 " " " " 10 8°
43" H2S04(d = l 38)" 12 7°
41" " " "14 0°

56" aqua regia (equal vol HC1+ HN08)
at 15 4°

5 47 pfcs aqua regia (equal vol HC1+
HNOs) at 16 4*

3 7 pts selernc acid (d = l 4) at 15 3°

(de Comnck, A ch 1903, (7) 28 8 )

(de Comnck, A ch 1903, (7) 28 7 )

1 pt is sol in 37 9 pts alcohol (85°) at
16 ?°, 38 6 pts at 15 8° (de Comnck, A
ch 1903, (7) 28 8 )

Very si sol in formic and glacial acetic
acids (de Comnck, A ch 1903, (7) 28 9 )

Completely pptd from (U02)S04-}-Aq by
EC2Hs02 (Persoz )

Uranyl hydrogen sulphate, (U02)S04| H2S04

Very deliquescent (Schultz-Sellack )
2(U02)S04, H2S04+5H20 Very deliques-
cent (Wyrouboff, Bull Soc Mm 1909, 32
351)

Uranyl pyrosulphate, (U02)S207

Very deliquescent Hisses with H2O
(Schultz-Sellack )

Uranouranyl sulphate, US04, (U02)S04
Sol m H20 (Ebelmen) Decomp by

boding (Berzehus )
Min Vogliamte

Uranyl sulphate ammonia, (UO2)S04, 2NHs
(v Unruh, Dissert 1909 )
(UO2)S04, 3NH8 (v Unruh )
(U02)S04, 4]NH3 (v Unruh )

Vanadous sulphate, V2O8, 4S08+9H20
Sol in H20 (Brierlev, Chem Soc 49

882)

Vanadium sulphate, V20B, 2SOS = (VO2)2S2O7
Deliquescent Easily sol in H20
V2O6, 3S03 Deliquescent Sol in H2O
and alcohol

+3H2O Deliquescent Very sol in H2O,
but decomp bv boiling Sol in alcohol
(Ditte, C R 102 757 )

VSO4+7H2O Decomp by air, very un-
stable, sol in H20 (Piccim, Z anorg 1899,
19 204)

Vanadium sesgwsulphate, V2(S04)s

Anhydrous

Insol in H2O i

Insol in cone H2SO4, but slowly sol in
boiling dil H2S04 Sol in HC1

Insol in alcohol and ether (Stabler, B
1905, 38 3979 )

1032

SULPHATE, ZINC, BASIC

Vanadium hydrogen sulphate,

V2(S04)3, H2S04+12E20

Sol in H2O

Sol m HC1 Insol in 60% H2S04+ Aq,
alcohol, ether and acetic acid (Stabler. B
1905, 38 3978 )

Dwanadyl sulphate, V202(S04)2

Insol in H20, HC1, or H2S04+Aq? but
on heating to 400° becomes sol in H20 if
heated to 130° therewith -(Gerland )

+4H2O Very slowly sol in H20 at 10°,
quickly at 60°, and still more rapidly at 100°
Deliquesces in warm moist air more quickly
than it dissolves in H20 at 10° Insol in
absolute alcohol Very sol in alcohol of 0 833
sp gr (Berzehus )

+5H2O (Koppel and Behrendt, Z
anorg 1903, 35 168 )

4-7H2O,andlOH20

+13H2O Efflorescent (Gerland )

2V2O4, 5SO3+18H20 (Gain, C R 1906,
143 1154)

V2O4, 3SOS+10H20 (G)

2V2O4, 7SO3-i-20H20 (G )

2V2O4, 9SO8+22H2O (G )

V2O4 5S08+12H20 (G)

ZHvanadyl hydrogen sulphate,

(V202)H2(S04)8=V204, 3S08+H20

+2H20

H-3H2O Dehquescent Very slowly sol
in cold H2O or alcohol Easily sol inhotH20
(Gerland )

+5H2O Deliquescent Insol in ether
Scarcely sol in alcohol Slowly sol in cold,
easily in hot H20, (Crow )

+14H2O Easily sol in cold H20 or dil
alcohol (Gerland )

2VO2, 3S08 SI sol in H20 (Koppell
and Behrendt, Z anorg 1903, 36 163 )

2VOS04, H2S04+ H20 Very slowly sol
in H2O (Koppel and Behrendt, Z anorg
1903,35 163)

2VOSO4, 3H2S04+15H2O (Gain, C R
1906, 143 1156 )

2VOSO4, 4H2SO4+16H20 (G )

2VOSO4, 5H2S04+15H20 (G )

2VOS04, 7H2S04+15H2Q (G )

2VOSO4, 8H2S044-16H20 (G )

ytterbium sulphate, Yb2(S04)3+8H2O

Quite slowly sol in H20 even at 100°
Anhydrous salt is easily sol in much H20,
but if little H20 is used the hydrous salt is
formed, which only slowly dissolves Sol
in K2SO4+Aq

100 pts H2O dissolve at
0° 15 5° 35° 55° 60°
44 2 34 6 19 1 11 5 10 4 pts Yb2(S04),,

70° 80° 90° 100°

7 22 6 93 5 83 4 67 pts Yb2(S04)3

(Cleve, Z anorg 1902, 32 143 )

Yttrium sulphate, basic, Y208, S08 =
(YO)2S04

Insol in H20 (Berzehus )
2Y203, S03+10H20 (Cleve )

Yttrium sulphate, Y2(S04)8

More sol in H2O than the
hydrous salt, and more sol in cold than hot
H20 Solution sat at 0° separates Y2 (SO 4)3-f-
8H20 at 50° 100 pts H20 dissolve 15 2 pts
anhydrous salt at ord temp

5 38 pts are sol in 100 pts H20 at 25°
(James and Holden, J Am Chem Soc 1913,
35 561 )

Easily sol in large amount of sat K2SO4-f-
Aq, from which 3K2SO4, 2Y(S04)3 is pptd on
warming (Cleve and Hdglund, Sv V A
H Bih 1 No 8 )

Solubility of Y2(SO4)3 in Na2S04+Aq at

25°

Pts

Y2(S04)3

per 100
pts HaO

Pts
Na2S04
per 100
pts HaO

Sohd phase

5 61

1 29

6 38

7 40

3 85
6 21

Y2(S04)8

8 43

8 53

5 86

7 57

475

7 72

-j —

3 42

10 14

2 36

11 36

2 02

13 42

1 90

14 89

1 79
1 86

16 51
18 44

Y2(S04)3,Na2S04+2H20

2 99

19 96

3 04

21 05

2 27

27 14

1 52

28 22

1 61

28 13

5 38

0 0

Na2S04+10H2O

(James and Holden, J Am Chem Soc 1913,
35 560)

-h8H20 100 pts H20 dissolve 9 3 pts of
cryst salt at ord temp , and 4 8 pts at 100°
(Cleve, Bull Soc (2) 21 344 )

Less sol in H20 containing H2SO4 than in
pure H20 (Berzehus )

Completely pptd by HC2H302+Aq In-
sol in alcohol

Yttrium hydrogen sulphate, Y2(S04H)3
(Brauner, Z anorg 1904, 38 332 )

Zinc sulphate, basic, 8ZnO, SOS+2H2O
Insol in H20 (Schmdler, Mag Pharm

31 181)
6ZnO, S03+10H2O Insol in H2O (Kane,

A ch 72 310)
4ZnO, S08+2H20 Scarcely sol in hot

or cold H20 Sol in ZnS04+Aq (Kuhn,

Schw J 60 337)

SULPHATE, ZINC, BASIC 1033

-f 3H20 (Werner, B 1907, 40 4443 )
H-5H20 Nearlv insol in H20 (Haber-

Solubility of ZnS04 in 100 pts H2O at t°

mann.M 6 432)
4-6H20 (Kraut, Z anorg 1897, 13 5 )

t°

Pts
ZnSO*

t°

Pts

t°

Pts
ZnS04

+8H20 Extremely slowly decomp bv
H2O (Reindel, J pr 1869, (Ij 106 373 )

0
1

44 0
44 6

14
15

52 8
53 5

27
28

~62 1
62 8

-{-10H20 (Schmdler )

2

45 2

16

54 2

29

63 6

3ZnO. SO3 Insol in cold, si sol in hot

3

45 8

17

54 9

30

64 3

H2O, (Vogel )

4

46 4

18

55 6

31

65 1

2ZnO7 S03 (Athanasesco )

5

47 0

19

56 3

32

65 8

5ZnO. SO3 (Pickermg, Chem Soc 1907,

6

47 6

20

57 0

33

66 6

91 198o- )

7

48 3

21

57 7

34

67 3

+4H20 (Moody, Am J Sci 1906, [4]

8

48 9

22

58 4

35

68 1

22 184)

9

49 5

23

59 2

36

78 8

9ZnO,2SO3+12H20 (Remdel, J pr 1869,
(1) 106 374 )

10
11

50 2
50 8

24
25

59 9
60 7

37
38

69 3
70 4

Zinc sulphate, ZnS04

12
13

51 5
52 2

26

61 4

39

71 2

Sol in H20 with evolution of heat

Sol in HCl+A

+H20 (fitard )

-f-2H20 Insol in alcohol (Kuhn )

(Anthon )

Insol in boiling alcohol of 0 86
sp gr (Kuhn)

+ 6H20 (Mangnac )

4-7H20 Slowly efflorescent

M-pt of ZnSO4-h7H20=50° (Tilden,
Chem Soc 45 409)

For solubility data on hydrated salts, see
below

Soi in 2+ pts HaO at ord temp and in less at 100°
(Bergmann )

100 pts H2O at 1044° dissolve 8181 pts ZnSO*
(Griffiths )

100 pts HaOatord temp dissolve 140 pts ZnSCh-f
7HaO (Dumas )

Sol in 2 29 pts H2O at 18 75° (Abl )

100 pts HaO at 15 56° dissolve 140 pts ZnS04 +7HaO
Urea Diet)

100 pts HaO at 15° dissolve 14053 pts ZnSO4 +
7H2O and has sp gr = 1 4442 (Michel and Krafft )

1 pt of the crystals dissolves in 0 923 pt '
H2O at 17 5°, and forms a solution of 1 4353
sp gr (Karsten )

100 pts ZnSO4-|-Aq sat at 1820° contain
35 36 pte Znfe04 (v Hauer, J B 1866 59 )

100 pts H20 dissolve at
0° 20° 50° 75

41 3 53 0 66 9 80 4 pts ZnSO<
(Tobler, J B 1855 309 )

100 pts H2O at 20 5° dissolve 163 2 pts
ZnSO4+7H2O (Schiff, A 109 336)

100 pts HgO at t° dissolve pts anhydrous
ZnSO4 and pts Znb()4-f7H20

t°

Pts
ZnSO4

Pts
ZnSO4 +
7H2O

t

Pts
ZnSO*

Pts
ZnSO4 +
7H20

0

43 02

115 22

60

74 20

313 48

10

48 36

138 21

70

79 25

369 36

20

53 13

161 49

80

84 60

442 62

30

58 40

190 90

90

89 78

533 02

40

63 52

224 05

100

95 03

653 59

50-

6&75

263 84

(Poggiale, A ch (3) 8 467 )

Decomp into basic salt above 40°
(Mulder, Scheik Verhandel 1864 74 )

If solubility S represents number of pts
anhydrous salt in 100 pts of solution, S =
27 6+0 2604t from —5° to rt-81°, S=50 0—
0 2244t from 81° to 175° (fitard, C B 106
207)

Sat ZnSOi+Aq contains at
1° 13° 20° 41° 49°
29 1 32 6 34 8 40 2 40 9% ZnS04,

55° 62° 70° 77° 100°

43 4 45 0 47 0 46 5 44 7% ZnSO4,

111° 12 ° 137° 144° 169° 171°

43 0 40 7 38 0 37 4 30 0 29 0% ZnS04

(fitard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 551 )

Transition point from -f 6H20 to -f 1H20
is 70° (fitard )

Solubility of ZnSO4-f 6H2O in H/3 at t°

t°

g ZnSO< m 100 g HzO

—5 0
+0 1
9 1
15 0
25 0
30 0
35 0
39 0

47 08

49 48
54 20
57 15
63 74
65 82
67 99
70 08

(Cohen Z phys Ch 1900, 34 182 )

1034

SULPHATE, ZINC, BASIC

Solubility of the hepta-and hexa-hydrates of
ZnSCh at t°

p =wt of salt expressed in percent of solu-
tion

Sat ZnS04+Aq at 8° has sp gr =1421
(Anthon )

t°

p

Sp gr of ZnS04+7H2O at 20 5°
% = %ZnS04+7H20

0
0
0
15 00
15 88
30 70
39 92
39 95
40 73
41 49
46 40
49 97
49 99
50 00
50 02

29
29
29
33
33
38
41
41
41
41
42
43
43
43
43

43
53

49
66
85
46
36
37
43
70
68
51
41
50
51

%

Sp gr

%

Sp gr

%

Sp &

1
2
3

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

1 0057
1 0115
1 0173
1 0231
1 0289
1 0348
1 0407
1 0467
1 0527
1 0588
1 0649
1 0710
1 0772
1 0835
1 0899
1 0962
1 1026
1 1091
1 1156
1 1222

21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40

1 1288
1 1355
1 1423
1 1491
1 1560
1 1629
1 1699
1 1770
1 1842
1 1914
1 1987
1 2060
1 2134
1 2209
1 2285
1 2362
1 2439
1 2517
1 2595
1 2674

41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60

1 2754
1 2834
1 2917
1 3000
1 3083
1 3167
1 3252
1 3338
1 3424
1 3511
1 3599
1 3688
1 3779
1 3871
1 3964
1 4057
1 4151
1 4246
1 4342
1 4439

Transition point from +7H20 to -f 6H20
is 39°

The formula representing the change of
solubility between 0° and 39° is
p=29 5+0 270t+0 00068t2
while the expression for the hexahydrate
above 40° is
p=41 35+0 210t+0 00070t2
(Barnes, J phys Chem 1900, 4 19 )

Solubility of ZnS04+7H20 in H20 at t°

(Schrff, A 110 72 )

Sp gr of ZnS04+Aq at 15°
% = %ZnS04+7H20

t°

g ZnS04 in 100 g HaO

—5
+0 1
9 1
15 0
25 0
35 0
39 0

39
41
47
50
57
66
70

30
93
09
88
90
61
05

%

Sp gr

%

fep gr

%

bP fer

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

1 006
1 013
1 019
1 024
1 0288
1 035
1 041
1 047
1 053
1 0593
1 066
1 073
1 079
1 085
1 0905
1 097
1 103
1 110
1 116
1 1236

21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40

1 130
1 137
1 143
1 150
1 1574
1 164
1 171
1 179
1 185
1 1933
1 200
1 209
1 216
1 224
1 231
1 240
1 246
1 255
1 263
1 2709

41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60

1 280
1 288
1 295
1 304
1 3100
1 320
1 330
1 337
1 346
1 3532
1 362
1 380
1 370
1 390
1 3986
1 408
1 416
1 425
1 435
1 4451

(Cohen, Z phys Ch 1900, 34 182 )
Solubility in H20 at high pressures

Pressure ,0
in atm l

g ZnS04in
100 g H2O

Solubility
at 25

1 26
500 26
500 25 8
1000 25 8
1000 25 8

57 95
58 43
58 32
57 95
57 95

57 95
57 92
57 91
57 55
57 55

(Cohen and Sinmge, Z phys Ch 1909, 67
444)

Liable to form supersaturated solutions

(Gerlach, Z anal 8 288 )

SULPHATE, ZINC, BASIC

1035

Sp gr of ZnS04-KAq at 23 5° a=no of g ,
equivalent to y% mol wt , dissolved in
1000 g H20, b = sp gr if a is ZnS04+
7H20, 1A mol wt =143 5, c = sp gr if a
is ZnS04, V<> mol wt =80 5

Sp gr of

ZnS04+Aq

g salt in 100 g solution

Sp gr

24 7170
21 4444
17 7573
14 0307
9 7426
5 1110

1 3152
1 2665
1 2145
1 1645
1 1106
1 0565

a

b

c

a

b

1
2
3

4
5

6

1 077
1 143
1 199
1 249
1 294
1 333

1
1
a
i
i
i

084
162
236
307
376
443

7
8
9
10
11

1 368
1 400
1 428
1 453
1 476

(Charpy, A ch 1893, (6) 29 27 )
Sp gr ofZnS04+Aq

g equivalents
ZnSO* per liter

t°

Sp gr t°/t°

(Favre and Valson, C K
Sp gr ofZnS04+Aq

79 968)

at 18*

0 001309
0 002616
0 005212
0 01039
0 09818
0 18842
0 1890
2 493

13
13
13
13
13
13
16
15

59
575
573
585
621
642
11
88

1 0001126
1 0002258
1 0004451
1 000886
1 008189
1 015587
1 01550
1 19385 »

!

Sp gr

!

Sp gr

o

•s

N

Sp gr

5
10

1 0509
1 1369

15

20

1 1675
1 2313

32
50

1 3045
1 3788

(Kohlrausch and Hallwachs, W Ann 1894,

63 27)

CJ_ ^ rT^CSr\ _LA« a± 1C d° irrV>a^ v\ —

(Kohlrausch, W Ann 1879 1 )

Sp gr of ZnS04+Aq at room temp con-
taining

7 12 16 64 23 09% ZnSO4
1 1064 1 1953 1 2814

(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 271 )

Sp gr of ZnSO4H-Aq at 19 5°

Mass of salt per unit
mass of solution

Density of solution
(g per cc )

0 00186

1 00179

0 00371

1 00356

0 00555

1 00530

0 00740

1 00711

0 01106

1 01065

0 01469

1 01410

0 01820

1 01753

0 02187

1 02112

0 02542

1 02446

0 02895

1 02798

(McGregor, C N 1887,55 4)

Sp gr of Zn&04+Aq at 25°

Concentration of /nSCh

+Aq

Sp gr

1 — normal

1 0792

Vr- "

1 0402

1 0198

l/ - te

1 0094

Vir- "

1 0047

(Wagner, 2 phys Ch 1890, 6 40 )

Sp

percent strength" of solution, d = ob-
served density, and w= volume cone

m grams per cc

p

d

w

29 22

1 3718

0 40057

25 14

1 3091

0 32910

21 28

1 2528

0 26659

17 08

1 1957

0 20422

11 20

1 1220

0 12567

8 44

1 0894

0 09195

6 65

1 0696

0 07112

3 82

1 0387

0 03968

3 18

1 0318

0 03281

1 46

1 0138

0 01480

0 577

1 0045

0 00580

(Barnes, J phys Chem 1898, 2 542 )

Sp gr ofdil ZnS04+Aqat20 004°
Cone =g equiv perl at 20 004°
Sp gr compared with H20 at 20 004°

Cone

bp gr

0 0000
0 0001
0 0002
0 0005
0 0010
0 0020
0 0050
0 0060
1 0100

1 000,000,0
1 000,008,6
1 000,017,2
1 000,043,2
1 000,086,3
1 000,172,3
1 000,429,1
1 000,514,3
1 000,853,9

(Lamb and Lee, J Am Chem Soc 19 13, 36
1690 )

1036

SULPHATE, ZINC HYDROGEN

Sat ZnS04+ Aq boils at 104 4°, and solu-
tion contains 45 pts ZnSO4 to 100 pts H2O
(Griffiths )

Crust forms at 103 5°, the solution contain-
ing 68 pts ZnS04 to 100 pts H20 Highest
temp observed. 105° (Gerlach, Z anal 26
426)

B -pt of ZnS04-f-Aq containing pts ZnS04
to 100 pts H2O

B pt

Pts ZnSO*

B pt Pts ZnSCU

100 5

0

- 13 1

103 0° 61

0

101 0

25 0

103 5 68

0

101 5

37 7

104 0 74

9

102 0

45 4

104 5 80

7

102 5

53 9

105 0 85

7

(Gerlach, Z anal 26 432 )

B-pt ofZnSO4+Aq

g Zn

in

Rifle

of the

Barometric

100 g H2O

__ b-pt

pressure m,m

2

886

0

080

743

0

6

647

0

169

tc

10

139

0

266

iC

13

389

0

372

ec

17

713

0

461

et

22

202

0

591

cc

25

199

0

690

cc

•28-

241

J, _

o

811

JC

30

470

0

899

742

0

32

S9

0

•995

cc

35

18

1

122

cc

37

36

1

240

tl

39

83

1

381

C(

41

30

1

459

C(

44

56

1

671

f{

(KaMenberg, J phys Chem 1901, 6 370 )

1 1 absolute H2SO4 dissolves 0 0021 mols
ZnSO4 at 25° (Bergius, Z phys Ch 1912,
72 353)

Completely pptd from ZnS04-t-Aq by
HC2H3O2 (Persoz )

Solubility of ZnS04 in KOH+Aq

-Mols KOH to 1 mol
ZnSCh

per cent ZnO in ppt

0 25

0 50
1 00
1 62
2 00
3 00
5 00
7 00
13 20

17 11
35 10
68 08
100 00
98 49
96 79
89 76
68 87
0 00

(Linebarger, J Am Chem Soc 1895, 17
360)

Difficultly and slowly sol in sat NH4C1+
Aq, with separation of a double sulphate

tool in considerable quantity in sat Nad
4-Aq, without pptn at first, but finally

2S04 separates out See under NaCl

Sol in sat NaNOs+Aq as in NaCl+Aq
See under NaNOs

Sol in sat KNOs-1-Aq with immediate
pptn of double sulphate (Karsten ) See
under KNO3

Very rapidly sol in sat K2SQ4+Aq. with
separation of a double salt (Karsten ) See
under K2S04

Abundantly in sat CuS04+Aq

Slowly sol in sat MgS04+Aq

Very rapidly and abundantly sol in sat
NaSO4+Aq

For solubility of #nSO4+Na2S04 see under
Na2SO4 and Na2Zn(S04)2+4H2O

Insol in hquid NH8 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 830 )

Insol in alcohol of 0 88 sp gr , 1000 pts
alcohol of 0905 sp gr dissolve 2 pts
(Anthon )

100 pts of a saturated solution in 40%
alcohol contain 3 48 pts ZnS04+7H20, 20%,
39 pts , 10%, 51 1 pts (Schiff, J B 1861
87)

100 pts absolute methyl alcohol dissolve
0 65 pt ZnSO4 at 18° (de Bruyn, Z phys
Ch 10 783)

100 pts absolute methvl alcohol dissolve
59 pts ZnS04+7E2O at 17°

100 pts 50% methyl alcohol dissolve 157
pts ZnS04+7H2O at 17° (de Bruyn )

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329 )

100 pts glycerine dissolve 35 pts ZnSO4
at ord temp (Klever, Bull Soc 1872, (2)
18 372)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909. 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1904, 37 3601 )

Mm Gossfante

Zinc hydrogen sulphate, ZnH2(S04)2+8H2O
Somewhat difficultly sol in cold, easily in
hot H20 (v Kobell, J pr 28 492 )

Zinc sulphate ammonia, basic, 4NH8, 4ZnO,
S03+4H20

Ppt (Schmdler )
Zinc sulphate ammonia, ZnSO4, 2NH3

+H20 Decomp by H2O into basic zinc
sulphate

ZnSO4, 4NEi+4Hrf) Sol inH2O (Kane,
A ch 72 304)

+3H20 (AndrS, C R 100 241 )

ZnSO4, 5NH3 bol in H2O with partial
decomp (Rose, Pogg 20 149 )

Zinc sulphate cupnc oxide, ZnSQ*, 2CuO-f
5H20

(Mailhe, A ch 1902, (7) 27 169 )
ZnSQ4, 3CuO-h&H2O (Recoura, C R
1901, 132 1415 )

SULPHURIC VANADIC ACID

1037

+5H20
2ZnS04, 3CuO+12H20 (Mailhe, A ch

olubihty of Zr(S04)2+4H20 in H2S04+
Aq at t° — Continued

1902, (7) 27 169 )

7ZnS04, 24CuO+o;H20 (Recoura, C R

t°

g ZrOa

g 80s

1901, 132 1415 )

0 33

42 1

Zinc sulphate hydrazine, ZnS04, 2N2H4

0 14

01 o

46 8

Sol in NH4OH+Aq (Franzen, Z anorg

Id

0 15

56 7

1908, 60 278 )
Sol in NH4OH+Aq without decomp

0 20
0 97

56 8

(Curtms, J pr 1894, (2) 50 345 )

\J £tt

0 50

K7 K

ZnH2(S04)2, N
H2O at 12° SI

"2H4 1 pt is sol in 185 pts
sol in dil acids Decomp

0 60

2AA

Of O

57 8

by cone HNOg and by hot
Very sol in NH4OH+Aq

cone H2SO4
(Curtms, J

UU

3 25

A 4A

60 4

fil 4.

pr 1894, (2) 60

331

Tt TCV

UJL T:

Zirconium sulphate, basic, 3Zr02, 2SO3

22

0 10
0 13

56 1
46 5

Insol in H20 Sol in HCl-f Aq (Pay-

0 21

57 2

kull, B 12 1719 )

4Zr02, 3S08+14H20 Ppt Difficulty sol
in H20 (Hauser, B 1904, 37 2024 )

(Hauser, Z anorg 1907, 54 197 )

3Zr02, S08 Insol ui boiling H2O (Franz,
B 3 58)

Zirconium hydrogen sulphate, Zr(SC>4)2,

7Zr02, 6S03 Insol in H20 (Endemann,
J pr (2) 11 219 )
Zr02, SO 3 Sol m very little H20 More
H2O decomp into 3Zr02, 2S08 and Zr(S04)2
(Berzehus )

Solubility UL H2S04+Aq at 39 5°
100 g of the solution contain
0 11 0 10 0 10 g ZrO2
81 4 81 6 81 5 g S08

3Zr02, 4S03+15H20 Sol in H20 (Pay-

(Hauser, Z anorg 1907, 64 200)

kull)

6Zr02, 7S03+19H20 Sol in H20 (Pay-

4-3H20

kuU)

Solubility in H2SO4+Aq at t°

Zirconium sulphate, Zr(S04)2

100 g of the solution contain

Anhydrous

Slowly but completely sol

t°

g 7rO

g S03

in coiu, quiujviy
Sol m warm

H2b04, but separates on cool-

39 5

4 55

61 5

ing Precipitated from aqueous solution by

3 25

62 5

alcohol

3 33

63 8

H-4H2O * <u»ily sol in H/)

3 35

63 8

100 pt£ of the solution contain 59 3 pts

1 80

64 2

of the hydrated salt at 39 5°

(Hauser, B

1 60

64 6

1904,37 2025

1 55

65 0

1 12

66 8

Solubility of

Zr(b04)»+4HiO in H2SO4+

0 96

68 4

Aq it v
100 g of the solution contain

22

0 80
0 65

66 4
67 5

t

t /iOi

t &O3

0 60

68 1

39 5

19 5

25 46

(Hauser, Z anorg 1907,54 200)

19 3

25 6

19 6

25 99

Persulphunc acid, HSO4

19 3

18 8

26 5

27 0

See Persulphunc acid

18 15
17 3

27 6
25 3

Ps/rosulphuric acid and pyrosulphates

16 2

29 1

See under Sulphuric acid and sulphates

9 6

32 3

5 3

34 7

Sulphuric boric acid

3 51

36 01

See Borosulphunc acid

1 03

38 2

0 46

39 8

AC\ f\

Sulphuric vanadic acid, V2O6, 3S08+3H02

0 31

42 0

See Sulphate, vanadium

1038

SULPHUROUS ACID, ANHYDROUS

Sulphurous acid, anhydrous, S02
See Sulphur cfooxide

Sulphurous acid, H2S08

Known only in aqueous solution, from
which SO 2 is given off upon heating Crys-
tallizes in cold, with various amounts of
water, forming compounds which approxi-
mate H3SO3-f-8H2O (Pierre, A 68 228),
H2SO3-flOH20 (Doppmg, Bull Ac St
PStersb 7 100), H2SO3+14H20 (Schon-
feld, A 96 22), H2S03+6HoO (Roozeboom,
R t c 3 29, 59, 75. 84, Geuther, A 224
218) Crystals are sol in 2 pts H2O at 10°
(Pierre )

For sp gr of solutions, etc , see sulphur
dioxide

Sulphites

Normal Only the alkali sulphites are sol
in H20, and they are insol or onlv si sol in
alcohol

Insol in liquid NH3 (Frankhn, Am ch
J 1898> 20 824 )

Acid All the acid sulphites are sol in H20

In general it is rarely possible to determine
whether the compd described is a pure
chemical compound or not It is probable
that many substances described by Svenssen
and others are isomorphic mixtures whose
composition depends upon the temp and
cone of the solution in which it was pptd
(Rosenheim, Z anorg 1900, 25 72 )

m sulphite, basic, A1208, S02+4H20
in H20, sol in H2S08+Aq (Four-
i Vauquelin )

6Al(OH)3,Al2(S03)s+9H20 Ppt (Seubert,
Z anorg 1893, 4 66 )

Ammonium sulphite, basic. (NH^SOs, NH3
+VJBM)

Sol in H2O Pptd from aqueous solution
by alcohol (Muspratt )

Does not exist (Marignac )

Ammonium sulphite, (NH4)2S08

Verv hydroscopic (Divers, Chem Soc
1900, 77 336 )

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014)

+H2O Slowly sol in H20 (Muspratt,
A 50 268)

Sol in 1 pt H20 at 12° (Fourcroy and
Vauquelin, Crell Ann 1800 2 415 )

More sol m hot H20 with evolution of
NHs SI sol in absolute alcohol (Mus-
pratt )

Much more sol in alcohol than K2SOs
(Pierre )

Loses NHs m the air

Sol in H2O Cone solution charged with
NHs will deposit salt on evaporation over
KOH Dil solution decomp on evaporation
(Divers, Chem Soc 1900, 77 335 )

(Naumann, B 1904,

Insol in acetone
37 4329)

Ammonium hydrogen sulphite,

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,
II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329 )

Ammonium p2/rosulphite, (NH4)2SaOs
Deliquescent Very sol m H20 and

alcohol Insol in ether (Fock and Kltiss.

B 23 3149)
Very sol in H20, very hydroscopic Aq

solution is si decomp on evaporation

(Divers, Chem Soc 1900, 77 336 )

Ammomum cadmium sulphite, (NH4)2SO$.

CdS08

Nearly insol m H20 Partly sol in excess
of H2SO3+Aq, but separates out on boiling
(Schuler,A 87 34)

Ammonium cobaltous sulphite, (NH4)2SOs,

CoS08-fsHaO
Decomp on air (Berglund, B 7 469 )

Ammomum cobaltocobaltic sulphite
See Cobaltisulphite, ammonium cobalt

Ammomum cuprous sulphite, (NH4)2S03,
2Cu2S03+2H20

(Bdttinger, A 51 411 )

(NH4)2S03, Cu^Os Insol in cold, de-
comp by boiling H20 (Rogojski. J B 1851
~6)

Decomp by warming with H2O, m which
it is insol Sol in acids with evolution of
SO* (Rosenheim and Stemhauser, Z anorg
1900, 25 99 )

+2H2O (Commaille, T B 1867 300)

2(NH4)2S08, Cu2S03+3H20 Very sol m
H2O Solution decomp on standing De-
comp by acids (Rosenheim and Stem-
hauser )

5(NH4)2S03, Cu2S03H-2H2O Decomp
on air Sol in H2O with decomp (Svonsson )

6(NH4)2S03, Cu2S03+4H20 Easily de-
comp (Rosenheim and Stemhauser )

7(NH4)2SO3, Cu2SO3+4H20 Very sol m
H20 Solution soon decomp (Rosenheim
and Stemhauser )

+ 10H2O Decomp on air vSl sol in
warm, less sol in cold HjO (de Sdint-Gilh s )

+ 14H2O Decomp on air Sol in H/),
but solution decornp

Very easily sol in mother liquor (Svcns-
son, Acta Lund 1899 13 ^

Ammonium cuprocupnc sulphite, (NH4)2S03,
2Cu S03,CuS03-l-5H20

Insol in H2O and weak acids feol m
NTH4OH+Aq (de Samt-Gilles, A ch (J)
42 31)

+6}^H20 Ppt (Rosenheim and Stem-
hauser, Z anorg 1900, 25 98 )

SULPHITE, ANTIMONY

1039

Ammonium glucinum sulphite.

(NH4)20, 2G10, 3S02+4H20
Ppt Very unstable m the air
henn, Z anorg 1897, 15 310 )

(Rosen-

Ammomum gold (aurous) sulphite.

3(NH4)2SQ8,Au2S08

Very easily sol in H2O Insol in alcohol
(Faase, Z Ch 1869 535 )

Ammonium gold (aurous) sulphite ammonia,

(NH4)2b03, 3Au2S03, 6NH3+H2O
Decomp by H2O Sol in warm NH4OH+

Aq. but decomp by boihng

(NH^AustSOsk 3NHS+4H20 Decomp

by H20 (Rosenheim, Z anorg 1908, 69

201)

Ammonium indium sulphite
See Indosulphite, ammonium

Ammonium iron (ferrous) sulphite,
(NH4)2SO«, FeSO,-H;H20

(Berglund )

Ammonium iron (feme) sulphite sulphate,

FeSO3SO4NH4-fH2O

SI sol in cold H2O Decomp by cold
dil HC1 (Hofmann, Z anorg 1897, 14
287)

ATn'm f>TUiirr| magnesium sulphite,

(NH4)2Mg3(S03)4-fl8H20

Very si sol in H/) (Fourcroy and Vau-
quelin )

Sol in H2fe03+Aq

H-5H2O Much more sol m H2O than
MgSO3 (Hammtlbbcrg )

Ammonium manganous sulphite, (NH4)2SOs,
MnSO3

Helativel> easily dt coin p by H20 (Berg
lund, Bull Sor (2) 21 2H )

Not easily duomp (dorgcu, C R 96
376 )

Ammonium mercunc sulphite, (NH4)2SOs,

HgS03

Very cabdy sol in JI/), but H/) solution
gradually decomp , even in the eold

Ammonium nickel sulphite, (NH4)2SOs,

3NiSO3+18H20
Sol mH/) (Beiglund, » 7 469)

Ammonium platinous sulphite
See Platosulphite, ammonium

Ammonium potassium sulphite, 10 (NH^ 280 3,

K2feO.+llH20

Decomp by H2O, etc (Hartog, C R
109 221)

Ammonium scandium sulphate.

(NH4)2S03) Sc2(SO3)3H-7H20
Insol in H20 Difficulty sol in HaSOs+
Aq (Meyer, Z anorg 1914, 86 281 )

Ammonium silver sulphite, (NH^SOa,
Ag2SO3

Insol in H2O, but gradually decomp
thereby (Svensson, B 4 714 )

6(NH4)2S03, Ag2SO3+19H20 Sol in H20
without decomp (Svensson )

3(NH4)2S03, 4NH4HSO3, Ag2SO3+18H2O
Easily sol m H20, but decomp by warming

Ammonium sodium hydrogen sulphite,

NH4Na2H(S03)2+4H20

Not deliquescent (Mangnac, Ann Mm
(5) 12 29 )

100 pts H20 dissolve 42 3 pts salt at 12 4°,
and 48 5 pts at 15° (Schwicker, B 22 1732 j

+ 5H20 =2Na2S03, (NH4)2S2O6+H20
(Tauber, Techn J B 1888 444 )

Ammonium tellurium sulphite, (NE^jSOs,

TeS08+:cH20
Sol in H20 (Berglund, B 7 469 )

Ammonium uranyl sulphite.

NH4(U02)(OH)SOT

Insol in pure H2O More sol in H2S03+
Aq than the K salt, and less than the Na
salt (Scheller, A 144 240 )

(NH4)20, 2U03, 3S02

(NH4)20} 4U08, 5S02

(NH4)20, 3U03, 2S02

(NH4)20, U03j 2S02 (Kohlschutter, A
1900, 311 10 )

Ammonium vanadium sulphite
See Vanadiosulphite, ammonium

Ammonium vanadyl sulphite,

VOS03+2H20

Sol in H2O with decomp (Koppel, Z
anorg 1903, 36 184 )

(NH4) A 3V02, 2S02+HiO Sol in cold
H2() without decomp

lifasilv sol in mineral acids and alkalies

M sol m alcohol and ether (Koppel
Z anorg 1903, 35 182 )

Ammonium zinc sulphite, (NH4)2S03, ZnSOj
Sol m H2() (Berglund, B 7 469 )

Ammonium sulphite mercuric chloride,

2(NH4)2SO<

fel sol in cold, decomp by boiling H20
(de fet-Gilcs, A ch (3) 36 95 )

Antimony sulphite, Sb2O3, 3S02(?)

Insol m H20 (Berzelms )

Could not be obtained (Rohng, J pr
(2) 37 241 )

Banum sulphite, BaSOs

Very si sol in H20 (Fourcroy and Van-
quelm, A ch 24 301 )

Sol in about 46,000 pts H20 at 16
(Autenrieth, Z anal 1898. 37 2Q4 )

Sol in H2S03+Aq

Insol in acetone (Naumann B 1904, 37
4329). methyl acetate (Naumann, B 1909
42 3790)

Solubility in sugar +Aq at t°

100 com of

Solvent

t

solution con

tamg BaSOs

water

20

0 01974

sucrose -f Aq 10° Brix
' 20°

0 01040
0 00968

' ' 30°

0 00782

1 40°

0 00484

< 50°

0 00298

(sat ) ' < 60°

0 00223

water

80

0 00177

sucrose +Aq 10° Brix
20°

0 00335
0 00289

30°

0 00223

40°

0 00158

50°

0 00149

(sat ) ' 60°

0 00112

(Rogowicz, C C 1905, II 1223)

Barium cobaltic sulphite
See Cobalfcsulphate, barium

Banum gold (aurous) sulphite, 3BaSO8;

Au2SOs-f-*H20
Ppt (Haase )

Banum mercuric sulphite, BaSOs, HgS08 +

H20
Ppt (Barth, Z phys Ch 9 196 )

Banum mercuric sulphite chloride,

BaSOs, BaCl2,2HgS03+3MH20
(Barth, Z phys Ch 1892, 9 208 )

Bismuth sulphite, basic, Bi208, 3S02+5H2O
Insol in H2O, alcohol, or ether SI sol in

H2SO3+Aq (Rohrig, J pr (2) 37 241 )
(BiO)2SO3, 3(BiOH)SO3+H20 (Seubert

and Elten, Z anorg 1893, 4 72-5 )
2(BiO)2£Os, 3(BiOH)S03-l-2H20 (S and

E)

3(BiO)2SOs,7(BiQH)SO3+10H2O (S and
•pi \

4(BiO)2S03, (BiOH)S03+5H20 (S and
E)

9(BiO)2S03, (BiOH)SO3+2H20 (S and
E)

Bismuth cobaltic sulphite
See Cobaltisulphite, bismuth

Cadmium sulphite, CdS08

Difficultly sol in H20 Easily sol in d
acids (Rammelsberg, Pogg 67 256 )

+2H20 Difficultly sol in H2O Sol
H2S03+Aq Sol I!D NH4OH+Aq Insol
alcohol (Muspratt, Phil Mag (3) 30 414

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 3
4329 )

Contains 2MH20 (Demges, Bull Soc (

Cadmium sodium sulphite, 3CdSO8, Na2SO
Sol in H20 (Berglund, B 7 469 )

Cadmium sulphite, ammonia, CdSOs, NH

Decomp by H20 °ol without decomp i
hot NH4OH+Aq (Rammelsberg, Pogg 6'
256)

Caesium sulphite, Cs2S08

Easily sol in H20 SI sol in alcoho
(Chabrfe, C R 1901, 133 297 )

CsBsium hydrogen sulphite, CsIJSOs

Easily sol in H2O SI sol in alcoho
(Chabne, C R 1901, 133 297 )

Calcium sulphite, basic,

5S02
(Schott, Dmgl 202 52 )

= 6CaO

Calcium sulphite, CaSO»+2H20

Slowly effloresces Sol in 800 pts col<
H2O (BerzeUus )

Insol m H2O (Rohrig, J pr (2) 37 2 30

0 043 g is sol in 1 1 H20 at 18° (Wcia
berg, Bull Soc 1896, (3) 15 1249 )

CaS03 equw to 78 mg CaO is sol in 1 1
H20 at 100* (Robart, C A 1913 2500 )

Very sol m H2S03+Aq See CaHj(SO-i)

Insol m liquid NH3 (* ranklin, Am Ch J
1898,20 827)

CaSOa equiv to 37 mg CaO is sol in 1 J
12% cane sugar-j-Aq at 100° (Robart, ( A
1913 2500)

00825 g is sol in 1 1 10% sXign +Aq a
18°, 0 0800 g is sol in 1 1 QfW « - -f-Aq ai
18° ( Weisberg, Bull Soc 15 121<)

Insol in acetone (Krug and M'TMic>>

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, li
909, 42 3790, ethyl acetate (N nun inn
i 1904, 37 3601 )

-f- J^H20 (Rammelsberg )

Calcium hydrogen sulphite, CaH2(SO8)2

Know only in solution

100 ccm H2O containing 9 g SO2 dissolve
) 553 g CaSO3 to form a solution of 1 ()(> bp
gr (Gerland, J pr (2)4 119)

Calcium cobaltic sulphite
See Cobaltisulphite, calcium

A \j x xujiox U 1VA

erous sulphite, Ce2(SO8)a+3H2O
More sol in cold than hot H2O
s^lut/o.n graduaUy decomposes (Berthier,
en (6) 7 77 )

hromous sulphite, CrSOs
Precipitate Insol in H2O (Moberg )

hromium sulphite, basic, Cr203, S02
Colloidal modification Sol in H20

hromic sulphite

Known only in aqueous solution, which pre-
pitates a basic salt on boiling

2Cr2O3, 3SO2+16H2O Precipitate (Dan-
m, Chem Soc 2 205 )

'hromic potassium sulphite, K20, Cr20a,

2SO2+zH2O
Precipitate (Berglund, B 7 470 )

'obaltous sulphite, basic
Ppt Decomp by H2O (Berthier)
Co(OH)2, 5CoSO3+10H20 Ppt (Seu-

ert and Elten, Z anorg 1893, 4 89 )
Co(OH)2, 10CoS03+15H2O (Seubert and

Jlten)

'obaltous sulphite, CoSO8

+3H2O Nearly insol in H20 Sol in
I2SO 3 + Aq (Rammelsberg )

Partly sol in NH4OH+Aq

+5H2O Insol m H2O Sol in H2S03+
iq (Muspratt, A 30 282 )

^obaltocobaltic sulphite
See Cobaltisulphite, cobaltous

2obaltic sulphite with 3M2SO8
See Cobaltisulphite, M

Cobaltous potassium sulphite, CoS08, K2S08

+a;H20

Insol in H/), easily sol in HCl+Aq
Schult/e, J B 1864 270 )

2obaltic potassium sulphite, Co2(S08)8,

K2S03

bl sol m H2O, easily sol m H2S03+Aq or
(Schultze )

Uobaltous sodium sulphite, 3CoO, Na20

3S02

Insol in H2O Easily sol in HCl+Aq
fechultze )

Cobaltic sodium sulphite, Co203,

3S02
SI sol m H2O (Schultze )

Cuprous sulphite, Cu2SO«+H20

(a) Red SI sol in H20 Sol m NH*OH

HCl+Aq (Rogojski, J B 1861 366 )

Could not be obtained by St Oilles or
Svensson (B 4 713)

Insol in H20, alcohol, or ether (fitard, C
R 95 38)

Composition is (Cu2)8Hi«(SO4)8, "Cuprous
sosulphrte," accoro'ing to fitard

+HH20 Etard's formula, CuuSOa+HzO
is incorrect

The salt is almost colorless (Ramberg

phys Ch 1909, 69 512 )

(0) White Normal salt Insol in H2O,
alcohol, or ether (Etard )

Cupnc sulphite, basic, 4CuO, S02+7H20

Insol in H20, and decomp by washing
therewith (Millon and Commaille )

7CuO, 4S02+8H20 Sol in dil H2S04
(Seubert and Elten, Z anorg 1893, 4 48 )

3CuO, 2S02+l)iH20 SI sol in H2O
(Newbury, Am Ch J 14 232 )

7CuO, 4S02+8H20, or 4CuSOa, 3Cu(OH)2
+5H20 Sol in (hi H2S04+Aq (Seubert
and Elten, Z anorg 1893,4 50)

Cuprocupnc sulphite, CuS08, Cu2S08+2H2O

Nearly insol in cold H20 Decomp by
boihng

Sol in H2S03+Aq, HC1, or NH4OH+Aq
(Berthier )

Sol in very dil HNOs+Aq (Dbpping,
J B 1851 365 )

Insol in H2S08, HC2H302, or Cu salts+Aq
(deSt Gilles)

+5H20 Insol in H20 Easily sol in
H2S03+Aq, HC2H302+Aq. in cupnc salts
+Aq, NH4OH+Aq, or HCl+Aq (de St
Gilles, A ch (3) 42 34 )

Composition is (CuyCuSHio(S04)8+21H2O,
"acid cuprosocupnc ociosulphite " (Etard,
C R 96 1475 )

Cuprous ferrofemc sodium sulphite, Cu2O,
2FeO, Fe2O3, Na2O, 6S02+16H20

Sol in about 1000 pts H2O

Sol m cold dil H2S04+Aq, sol in cold
dil HCl+Aq with a residue of Cu2Cl2
(Stromeyer,A 109 237)

Cuprous hthium sulphite, Cu2S08, Li2S08-f-

2H20

Insol in H2O, but gradually decomp •
thereby (fitard, C R 95 138 )

Cupnc mercuric sulphite, CuSOa, HgSOj
Sol in H20 in all proportions, but decomp
on boihng

Cuprous potassium sulphite, Cu2S08,

K2S08 (?)

(Vohl, J pr 96 219 )
+2H20 Sol in H20 with decomp

C5UJUr.tlJLJL.tlj,

(Rosenhenn and Steinhauser, Z anorg 189Q,
26 96 )

Cu2S03, 2K2S03 (Chevreul, Graham,
etc)

Does not exist (Svensson )

Cu2O, 3K2O, 6S02+7H20=4KHS03;
K2SOs, Cu2S03+5H20 Decomp by H2O
(Svensson, B 4 713)

Could not be obtained (Rosenheim and
Steonhauser )

Cu2O, 4K2O, 8S02+3H20-6KHS08,
K2SOS, Cu2S08 Decomp by H20 (Svens-
son )

Could not be obtained (Rosenheim and
Sternhauser )

Cu2S08, 8K2S08-fl6H20 Sol in H20
with decomp (Ramntelsberg, Pogg 57 391 )

Does not exist, according to Svensson

Cuprocupnc potassium sulphite, 3Cu2S08,
3CuSO8, K2SO8

Properties as cuprous potassium sulphite
(Rogojski, J B 1851 367 )

2Cu2S08, CuSO3, K2S08+5H20 Insol
in H2O and weak acids (de St-Gilles )

Cu2S08, 4CuS08, JK2S08-fl6H20 De-
comp byH20 (Rosenhenn and Steinhauser

Cuprous sodium sulphite, Cu2SOs, Na2SOs
H-2H20 Decomp by H20 (Svensson,
1870)

U +HH20 Insol in cold H2O, but decomp
by excess (Staid, C R 95 138 )

2Cu2S03, 3Na2S03+29H2O Insol in H2O
(Rosenheim and Steinhauser. Z anorg 1900,
25 94)

Cu2S03, 5Na2SO3+38H20 Decomp by
H2O (Svensson )

Cu2S03, 7Na2S03+19H20 Completely
sol in H20, but solutions decomp on stand-
ing (Svensson )

"Cuprous sodium octosulphite/7
(Cut) 3HioNai6S8O32 +43H20 (fitard )

5Cu2S03, 2Na2S03H-30H2O Easily de-
comp (Rosenheim and Steinhauser, Z
anorg 1900, 25 94 )

Cuprocupnc sodium sulphite,

2CuS03, 2Na2S03-f6H2Q

bv hot H2O
anorg 1900,

Nearly msol in cold, decom
(Rosenheim and Steinhauser,
26 95)

H-8H20 Decomp by H20 (Rosenheim
and Steinhauser )

Cuprocupric sodium hydrogen sulphite,

Na8CuS(CuI2)H2(S04)8,bH4(S04) + 5H2O
Insol in H2O (fitard, C R 94 1422 )
(fitard )

Copper sodium sulphites

Doubtless many of the compds described
in this class are in reality isomorphic mixtures
whose composition depends upon the temp
and cone of the solution in which pptd

(Rosenheun and Steinhauser, Z anorg 1900,
25 92-95)

Didymium sulphite, Di2(S08)8+3H20, or

6H20

Precipitate Insol in H20 Sol in H2S08
+Aq, from which it is reprecipitated by
heating, redissolvmg on cooling (Mangnac,
A ch (3) 38 167 )

Erbium sulphite, Er2(S08)8+3H20
Precipitate

Glucinum sulphite, basic, 2G1S03, 9G1(OH)2

4-6HO

Ppt (Seubert, Z anorg 1893, 4 52 )
G1S03, G10 Decomp by H20 or alcohol

(K and M )
3G1S03, G1C Sol in alcohol (K and M )

Glucinum sulphite, G1S08

Decomp bv H20
Moraht, B 23 734 )

Decomp bv H20 or alcohol (Kruss and
B

Glucinum potassium sulphite,

2G1SOS, K2S03+9H20
Unstable in the air (Rosenheim, Z anorg
1897, 15 310 )

Gold (aurous) potassium sulphite, Au2S08,

3K2S08
Very sol m H20, insol m alcohol (Haase )

Gold (auric) potassium sulplute, Au203,
5K20, 8S02+5H2O=5K2S03, Au2(S03)8

Sol in H20 with decomp
Decomp bv acids, msol m alkalies
(Fremy, A 79 46 )

Gold (auric) potassium sulphite,
Au2(S03)3, 5K2S03+10H20
(Rosenheim and Hertzmann, Z anorg 1008,
59 199)

Gold (auric) potassium sulphite ammonia,

Au2(SO3)<J, 3K2S03, 4NH3+4H O
As the corresponding NH4 bait (Kosen-
heim and Hertzmann, Z anorg 1()()8, 59
202)

Gold (aurous) sodium sulphite, Au2S08,
3Na2S03+3H20

Sol in less than 1 pt H2O Insol in alcohol
(Hasse )

+5H20 (Himly )

Gold (auric) sodium sulphite,

s)*, 5Na2SO3+28H2O

As K salt (Rosenheim and Hertzmann,
anorg 1908, 59 199 )

bULPHITE, MANGANQUS

1043

3-old (atirous) sulphite ammoma, 3AuA

4S02, 8NH8+4S20

SI sol in HiO with decomp Decomp by
cids

SI sol in cold, more easily in hot NH4OH 4-
Decomp by boiling (Hasse, Zeit Ch
535)

xold (aunc) sulphite ammonia.

Aus(S08)2, 4NH8+4B:20
Ppt Decomp in moist air and in neutral
olution (Herzmann, Z anorg 1908. 59
98)

ndium sulphite, 2In203, 3S02+8H20
Insol m H2O (Bayer, A 158 372 )

xidium sulphite, Ir2(SO8}8-|-6H20

Scarcely sol m H20, easily sol HCl+Aq
Birnbaum* A 136 179 )

ridyl sulphite, fIrO)SD8H-4H20

Insol in H2O Sol in HC1 or H2S04+Aq
Birnbaum )

ridous potassium sulphite, IrO. 3K2O.

SI sol m H2O, more sol in KOH+Aq
Dasily sol m HCl+Aq (Glaus, J pr 42
59)

ridous sulphite potassium chloride
See Indosulphite, potassium

ndium sulphite with M2S03
See Indosulphite, M

xon (ferrous) sulphite, FeSO3+2^H20

Very si sol mil/) Easily sol mH2SOa+
^q Insol m alcohol, but sol therein in
presence of SO2 (Muspratt )

xon (ferric) sulphite, Fe203, S02+6H20
Very si sol in II20 Sol in acjtds (Koene )
2Fe2O3, ^S(>2 Deliquescent, deeomp b>

3!2O into h()2 ind above cornp
3Fe2O,, 8<)2+7H2() Ppt

ron (ferrofernc) potassium sulphite, FeS08,

d'eO^SOj, 2KaSOi
Ppt (Berglund )

xon (feme) potassium sulphite, K20. Fe2O8,
3S03H-2H20

Sol in HjSOj+Aq (Koene, Pogg 63
53)

Fe2O3, 2K2Q, 3S02+5H2O Ppt (Mus-
>ratt, Phil Mag (i) 30 414)

xon (ferric) potassium sulphite sulphate,
FeS03S04K

51 sol in cold H20

Sol in 20% HC1 <*^™^ ^ boiling
Hofmann, Z anorg f 14 ^'»

Fe(SO8)2SOJK3 Almost insol in cold
H20 Decomp by boiling with dil acids
(Hofmann )

Fe2(S08)4S04K44-5H2O Insol in cold
H2O, sol in cold 20% HCl+Aq, decomp on
boiling with H20 (Hofmann )

Iron (feme) sodium sulphite sulphate,
Fe (S03)2S04Naa H-6H2O

Almost msol in HjjO

Decomp by boiling with dil acids (Hof-
mann, Z anorg 1897, 14 289 )

Iron (feme) sodium hydrogen sulphite sul-

phate, FeS04(SOs)4H2Na2-f-2H20
Only very si sol in H2O (Hofmann )

Lanthanum sulphite, La2(S08)8 +4H20
Precipitate (Cleve )

Lead sulphite, 3?bS08

Insol in H20 Decomp by acids SI sol
in H2SO3+Aq (Rohrig, J pr (3) 37 233 )

Lithium sulphite, Li2S08-f 6H20

Sol in H2O, precipitated from Aqueous
solution by abs alcohol (Danson, Chem
Soc 2 205 ) Sol in H2SO3-fAq

+H2O SI sol in alcohol, and still less
sol in ether (Rohrig, J pr (2) 37 225 )

+2H20 (Rohrig )

Lithium potassium sulphite, LiKS08

Easily sol in H2O (Rohrig, J pr (2) 37
251)

Lithium sodium sulphite, 6Li2SO«, Na2SO|-f

8H20
Sol mH20 (Rohrig)

Magnesium sulphite, MgS03+6H20

Sol m 20 pts cold and m less hot HaO (Fourctoy
and Vauquelm)

Sol in 80 pts cold, and in 120 pts boiling
H20 (Hager, C C 1876 135 )

More easily sol in H2SO3+Aq

Insol in liquid NH3 (Pranklm, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 828 )

Precipitated from aqueous solution by
alcohol

-J-3H20 (Rohrig, J pr (2)37 234)

Manganous sulphite, MnS08+2H20

Insol m H20? alcohol, or ether Easily sol
m acids, also in ^SOs-f Aq

Inspl in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329)

+2J^H20 (Rammelsberg )

+ 3H20 Sol in 10,000 pts cold, and 5000
pfs hot H20, more sol in cone Mn salts 4-Aq,
sol in 1000 pts H2CO3+Aq 100 pts H2SO3
+Aq dissolve 15-17 pts (Gorgeu, C R 96
341)

1U44

, MAJNUAJNUUb

Salt with 2J^H2O is the only one which
exists (Rohrig, J pr (2) 37 2 )

Manganous potassium sulphite, 2MnS03,
K2S03

Insol in H20, even when boiling (Gorgeu,
C R 96 376)

MnS03, K2SO3 Sol m H2O (Gorgeu)

Manganous sodium sulphite, MnS08, Na2SOj
+H20

Insol in hot H20, but decomp by cold H20
(Gorgeu )

4MnS08, Na2S03 Insol in H20 (Gor-
geu)

Mercuric sulphite, 2HgO, S02

Insol in H20 Sol in HC1, alkali sul-
phites with subsequent decomp , and in KCN
+Aq (de St-Gilles, A ch (3) 36 80 )

HgSOs Decomp by cold H2O (de St-
GiUes)

Does not exist (Divers and Shimidzu,
Chem Soc 49 553 )

HgO, 2S02+H2O Sol m H2Q, but de-
comp by boiling (de St-Gilles ) Exists onlv
in aqueous solution (Divers and Shimidzu )

, Hg8(S08)2+

Mercuromercunc suit
2H20=Hg2S03,

Very efflorescent Insol in H20 Decomp
byhotHjsO Insol in dil HNO3 or H2SO4+
Aq

+4H20 Very efflorescent

Hypomercurosic sulphite, Hg4(S03)2+H20
Insol in H20, but easily decomp on stand
ing therewith Almost absolutely msol in
dil HNOS or H2S04+Aq (Divers and
Shimidzu )

Mercuric oa^sulphite, Hg(S02OHgO)2Hg+
H20

Insol in H2O Decomp by hot H2O In-
sol in dil HN03 or H2S04+Aq Sol in
H2SO3+Aq (Divers and Shimidzu )

Mercuric potassium sulphite, basic,

K20, 2HgO, 2S02
(Barth, Z phys Ch 1892, 9 210 )
K20, 3HgO, 3S02 Insol in H20 Partly

sol in KOH+Aq (Barth )

Mercuric potassium sulphite, HgS08, K2S03
+H20

SI sol in cold H20 Decomp on boiling
(de St-GiUes, A ch (3) 36 90 )

Mercuric potassium sulphite mercuric

chloride, K2Hg(S08)2, HgCl2
Decomp by H20 (Barth, Z phys Ch
1892, 9 206 )

Mercuric silver sulphite, HgS03, Ag2S08-{-

2H20

Decomp rapidly, insol in H2O (Barthu
Z phys Ch 9 195)

Mercunc sodium sulphite, HgS08, Na2S08+
H20

Sol in H20 (de StrGiUes )

Sol in 25 pts cold H20, and decomp on
heating (Divers and Shimidzu )

+2H20 =Na2(SO3)2Hg+2H20 (Barth,
Z phys Ch 9 193)

2HgS08, Na2SO8+H20 Much more sol
in H20 than the above comp especially on
heating (de St-GiUes )

Does not exist (Divers and Shimidzu )

Mercunc strontium sulphite, HgS03, SrS08+

2H20
Ppt (Barth )

Mercunc sulphite ammonium bromide,

HgS08, NEUBr

As NH4C1 comp (Barth, Z phys Ch
1892, 9 215 )

Mercunc sulphite ammonium chloride,
HgS08, NH4C1

As K salt (Barth )

Mercunc sulphite potassium chloride,

HgS03, KC1
Sol inHjjO (Barth)

Mercunc sulphite sodium chloride, HgS03>

NaCl+H20
Sol inH20 (Barth)

Nickel sulphite, basic, 2NiS08, Ni(OH)2-f-

6H20

Ppt (Seubert and Elten, Z anorg 1893,
4 91)

Nickel sulphite, NiS08+4H20

Insol in H20 Sol in HCl+Aq with
evolution of SO2 (Muspratt, A 50 259 )

+6H20 Insol m H2O Sol in H2S03 +
Aq (Rammelsberg, Pogg 67 391 )

Nickel sulphite ammonia, NiS08, 3NH8+

3H20

Sol in little H2O Decomp by much H2O
or heat (Rammelsberg, Pogg 67 245 )

Osnuous sulphite, OsS03

Insol in H20 Easily sol in HCl+Aq
without evolution of SO2 Very slowly de-
comp by KOH+Aq (Claus )

Osnuous potassium sulphite, OsS08) 2K2S08.

2KHSO3+4H20
Nearly insol in H2O

SULPHITE, SCANDIUM

1045

)smicms potassium sulphite chloride. OsO.

2S02, 6KC1
Easily sol in H20

>alladous sodium sulphite. PdS03, 3Na2S03

+2H2O =Na*Pd(k)3)*+2H20
Sol in hot H2O Sol in NaOH+Aq or
I2S03-f-Aq (Wohler and Frenchs, A 174
99)

>latinous sulphite, Pt02, 2S02

Easily sol in H20 or alcohol (Dobereiner,

pr 15 315 )

Formula is PtS03 (Gmehn )

PtSOs, H2S03 (Birnbaum, A 139 172 )

Hatunc potassium sulphite. Pt02} S02.

K2S03+H20

Sol in KOH-fAq (Birnbaum, A 139
73)

>latinic sodium sulphite, Pt02, S02, 2Na2S03

+2H2O
Sol mHsjO (Birnbaum)

Potassium sodium hydrogen sulphite.

KNa2H(SO3)2+4H20

sulphite with M2SO3
See Platosulphite, M

sulphite ammonium chloride
See Chloroplatosulphite, ammonium

sotassium sulphite, K2S03+2H20

Somewhat deliquescent Sol in 1 pt cold,
nd still less hot H20 (Fourcroy and Vau-
luelm, A ch 24 254 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch

1898, 20 829 )

Very slightly soluble in alcohol Insol in
thyl acetate (Casaseca, C R 30 821 )

^otassium hydrogen sulphite, KHS03
Sol in H2O Insol in absolute alcohol

^otassium p^/rosulphite, K2S206

Slowly sol m H20 Very si sol m alcohol,
nsol in ether (Muspratt, A 60 259 )

Dotassium rhodium sulphite, 3K2S03,

Rhi(bO,),+bHiO
See Rhodosulphite, potassium

Dotassium ruthenium sulphite,

0[Ru(fe()3)4K6j2+2H2O
Ppt (Miolati, C C 1901, 1 501 )

Potassium sodium sulphite, KNaSOs
Sol inH2O (Spring, B 7 1161)
+1, and 2H2O (Schwicker, B 22 1731 )
Isomenc salts, KS03Na and NaS03K

Barth, Z phys Ch 9 176 )

dissolve

)

Potassium uranyl sulphite, K(UO2)(OH)S03

Insol in H2O, but sol in HaSOs+Aq
(Scheller)

K20, 2U03, 3S02 (Kohlschutter, A 1900,
311 IQetseq)

K20, 4U03, 5S02 (

K20, 3U05, 2SO2 (K )

K20, U03, 2S02 (K )

Potassium vanadium sulphite
See Vanadiosulphite, potassium

Potassium vanadyl sulphite. K2S03,

Sol in H^ without decomp and can be
recryst therefrom (Koppel and Behrendt,
B 1901, 34 3932 )

K20, 3V02, 2SO2 Sol without decomp
in cold and hot EkO

Insol m alcohol and ether (Koppel, Z
anorg 1903, 36 182 )

Potassium zinc sulphite, K2S03. 3ZnS08-f

Sol in H20 with decomp (Berglund. Acta
Lund 1872)

Rhodium sulphite, Rh2(S03)s+6H20
Sol in H20 Insol in alcohol (Claus )

Rhodium sodium sulphite
See Rhodosulphite, sodium

Ruthenium sulphite, Ru2(S03)3

Colloidal substance, sol in a large quantity
of H2O (Lucchesi, Gazz ch it 1900, 30

(2) 71 )

Ruthenium sodium sulphite, Na7Ru(fe03)5

+2H20
Ppt (Miolati, C C 1901, 1 501

Samarium sulphite, Sm2(S03)3
Amorphous precipitate (Cleve )

Scandium sulphite, Sc2(S08)3

Insol in cold H2O SI sol m hot H2O

Sol in excess of sodium sulphite when
heated (Crookes, Phil Trans 1910, 210 A
363)

+6H20 Very si sol m H20

Decomp by boiling with H20 with separa-
tion of H2S03 (R J Meyer, Z anorg 1914,
86 281 )

1046

SULPHITE, SELENIUM

Selemumsulplute^lJeSQ* , •>

Correct composition for "selenium sulph-
oxide " (Divers, Chem, Soc 49 583 )

Silver sulphate, Ag2S08

Very si sol in cold H20 Decomp on
heating

Solubility in H20 is <1 20,000 (Bau-
bigny, C R 1909, 149 858 )

Easily sol in NH4OH+Aq, and alkali
sulphites 4- Aq Insol in H2SOs4-Aq De-
comp by strong acids, but not bv acetic acid
(Berthier, A ch (3) 7 82 )

Easily sol in alkali thiosulphates+Aq
(Herschel )

Cold NaHSOs+Aq dissolves a considerable
amount of Ag2SQs (Bosenheim and Stem-
hauser, Z anorg 1900, 25 78 )

Practically msol in HNOa+Aq or dil

gNOa+Aq. also ni H2SOs-f Aq (Divers,

hem Soc 49 579 )

Silver sodium sulphite, AgaSQ?, Na2SOs+
H2O

Decomp by H20 (Svensson, B 4 714 )

Sodium sulphite, Na2S08

100 pts dissolve at 0°, 14 1 pts , at 20°, 25 8
pts , at 40°, 49 5° pts Na2S03 (Kremers
Pogg 99 50 ) Maximum solubility is at 33 °
(Mitscherhch )

Solubility in 100 pts H2O at t°

t°

Pts NaaSOs

37 2

44 08

33 5

39 64

29 0

34 99

23 5

29 92

18 2

25 31

10 6

20 01

5 9

v 17 61

2 0

14 82

— 1 9

13 09

t

Pts NazSOs

60 4

28 29

59 8

28 29

59 8

28 65

59 8

28 75

37 0

28 01

37 0

28 07

47 0

28 19

47 0

28 07

55 6

28 21

84 0

28 26 '

The temp at which Na2S03-f7H20 changes
into Na2S03 is about 21 6°
(Hartley and Barrett, Chem Soc 1909, 95
1183)

See also +7H20

Sp gr of sat solution at 15° = 121
(Greenish and Smith, Pharm J 1901. 66
774 )

Insol m liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898,20 829)

Insol in alcohol

Insol m ethyl acetate (Casaseca, C E
30 821), methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

' Insol m benzoiutnle (Naumann. B
1914,47 1370)

-f-7H20 Decpmp slowly on,air~

Sol in 4 pts H20 at 15* with absorption

of heat (Dumas), and in 1 pi boiling H2O

(Fourcroy)

Solubility in 100 pts H20 at t°

Supersolubihty curves- have also been
plotted for ice and Na2S08+7H20

(Hartley and Barrett, Chem Soc 1909, 96
1181)

+10H20 Efflorescent Somewhat less
sol than above salt (Muspratt )

Sodium hydrogen sulphite, NaHSOs

More difficulty sol in &2O than NaHC03,

and is precipitated by alcohol from aqueous

solution (Muspratt )

Insol in acetone, <Eidmann, C C 1899,

II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329)

methyl acetate (Naumann. B 1909, 42

3790)

+4H20 (Clark )

Sodium ps/rosulphite, Na2S20$
Decomp gradually on the air i

Sodium uranyl sulphite, Na(U02)(OH)S08

SI sol m H2O More sol m H,S03-|-Aq
than the K salt (bcheller )

Na20. 2U03, 3S02

Na20, 3U03, 2S02 (Kohlschutkr \
1900, 311 10 et i>tq )

Sodium vanadyl sulphite, Ni2O, 2SO2,
V02+5H/)

bol in H^O with decomp

Na2O, 2S02, WO2+4H20 Sol in cold
H2O, decomp on heating (Koppd. B 1901.
34 3933 )

Sodium zinc sulphite, (Na2S03, 3ZnS03+

Sol in H2O with decomp (Berdund, Acta
Lund, 1872 )

Sodium sulphite silver chloride, 3Na2S08,

AgCl+21H20
Sol m tI20 (Svensson )

SULPHURYL TITANIUM CHLORIDE

1047

Strontium sulphite, SrS03

Precipitate Almost insol in H20 Sol in
a2SOs-hAq (Muspratt )

Sol in about 30,000 pts H20 at 16-18°
Autenrieth, Z anal 1898, 37 293 )

Abundantly sol in H2S03-|-Aq (Rohrig )

rellitfium sulphite, TeSOs

Correct composition of "tellurium sulph-
>xide " (Divers, Chem Soc 49 583 )

Thallous sulphite, T12S08

Easily sol in hot H20, insol in alcohol
Seubert and Elten, Z anorg 2 434 )

rliallous vanadyl sulphite, 2Tl2SOj,

V208S08-h4H20
(Gain, A ch 1908, (8) 14 278 )
T12S03, 3V208S03+8H20 (Gain )

Thorium sulphite, Th(S08)2+H20

Precipitate (Cleve )

Tin (stannous) sulphite, 5SnO, 2S024-o?H20

Ppt Partly sol in H2S03+Aq (Rbhrig,
I pr (2) 37 249 )
+20H 0 f Rohng )
8SnO, 2S02+20H2O
1 iSnO, 2bO2 +20H20 (Rohrig )

CTranous sulphite, basic, U(OH)2S08+H20

Insol in H20 Easily sol in acids Sol
in H2SO3+Aq, but is soon decomp (Ram-
caelsberg )

DTranyl sulphite, basic, 3U02(OH)2,
5(U02)S03+10H20

(Seubert and Mton, Z anorg 1393, 4 80 )

Oranyl sulphite, (U02)S08+4H20

Insol inH/) Sol in H2S03+Aq or alco-
lolic solution ol SO ^ (Rohrig, J pr (2) 37

Vanadyl sulphite, 3V02, 2S02+4^H20

Decomp slowly on stmding

Sol in 1I2() without ippirent decomp
(Koppcl, Z mortf 1<)<H, 35 18b )

2Va04, iSOj+lOHiO Sol in H20, aq
3ol decomp on boiling giving off SO2 and
orrmng V/)4, 2H2O ((« un, C R 190b, 143
524)

Vanadyl zinc sulphite, ZnO, 3VO2, 2SO2

Decomp slowly in the air

Sol in H2() without decomp (Koppel, Z
inorg 1903, 35 183 )

ytterbium sulphite, Yb2(S08)8-f-9H20

Insol in H20 (Cteve, Z anorg 1902, 32
L43)

Yttrium sulphite, Y3(S08)84-3H20
SI sol in H20 (Cleve )

Zinc sulphite, basic, 2ZnS08, 3Zn(OH)2
(Seubert, Arch Pharm 229 321 )
ZnS08j Zn(OH)2+H20 (Seubert )

Zinc sulphite, ZnS08+2, and 2V2H20

Very si sol in H20 100 pts H2O dissolve
016pt ZnS08+2H20 (Henston and Tich-
borne, Bnt Med J 1890 1063 )

Easily sol in H2S08-fAq (Koene)

Sol in NH4OH+Aq

Insol in alcohol

Decomp into basic salt by boiling H20
(Seubert, Arch Pharm 229 1 )

Zinc sulphite ammonia, ZnS08, NH8

Decomp by H20 Sol in NH4OH+Aq
(Rammelsberg, Pogg 67 255 )

Zirconium sulphite

Insol in H20 Somewhat sol in H2SOS+
Aq, from which it is repptd on boiling Sol
in (NH4)2S03-f Aq, from which Zr hydroxide
is pptd on boiling (Berzelms )

Zr(S03)2+7H2O Ppt (Venable, J Am
Chem Soc 1895, 17 449 )

Sulphuryl bromide, S02Br2

(Odkng, Chem Soc 7 2 )
Does not e\ist (Sestmi, Bull Soc 10
226, Melsens, C R 76 92, Michaelis )

Sulphuryl chlonde, S02C12

Decomp by H2O and alcohol

Decomp by moist air, water, or abs
alcohol, more rapidly by alkalies. HC1. SO2,
etc (SchiflF, A 102 111 )

+H2O Only si sol in H2O at 0° with
slow decomp (Baeyer, B 1901, 34 737 )

+15H20 SI sol m H20 at 0° and stable
therein for several hours (Baeyer )

ZHsulphuryl chlonde (P?/rosulphuryl chlor-
ide), S206C12

Decomp slowly with H2O (Rose, Pogg
44 291 )

Sol in CC14 and CHC18, miscible with
liquid S03

Sulphuryl hydroxyl chloride,
S03HC1=^10S02

Decomp on mqist air, and violently with
H20 Not miscible with CS2 Decomp with
alcohol

Sulphuryl titanium, chlonde, S08,

TiCl3OSO2Cl
Slowly deliquescent (Clausmtzer, B 11
2011)

1048

SULPHURYL CHLORIDE STANNIC OXYCHLORIDE

jDisulpBuryl chloride stannic oxychlonde,

5S206C12, 4SnOCl2

Sol in a httle H2O, but decomp by more
H20 (Rose, Pogg 44 320 )

Sulphuryl fluoride, S02F2

1 pt is sol in 10 pts H20 at 9° 3 vol
are sol in 1 vol alcohol at 9°,insol in cone
H2S04 at 66°, sol in aq solution of KOH,
Ca(OH)2, Ba(OH)2 and in alcoholic solution
of alkalies (Moissan, G R 1901, 132 377 )

Sulphury! hydroxyl fluonde, HSOaF

Violently decomp by H30 (Thorpe and
Kirwan, Z anorg 3 63 )

Sulphuryl peroxide, S04
See Sulphur feztfoadde

Stdphydnc acid
See Hydrogen Sulphide

Sulphydroxyl
See Sulphhydrozyl

Tantalic acid, H4Ta207 (?)

Sol in HF (Rose), and KH8(C204)2-|-Aq
(Gahn, Schw J 16 437) At the instant of
precipitation is sol in various acids (Rose )

Aluminum tantalate
Insol mH20 (Berzehus)

Ammonium Aeoxztantalate, (NH4)2H7Ta701»

Somewhat sol in H20 (Rose, Pogg 102
57)

Barium tezatantalate, Ba4Ta80u+6H20
SI sol inH20 (Rose)

Caesium tantalate, 4Cs20, 3Ta206+14H20
Completely sol in a small amount of hot

H2O (E F Smith, J Am Chem Soc 1908,

30 1666)
7Cs2O, 6Ta206+38H20 Pptd from its

aqueous solution by alcohol (Smith )

Ferrous tantalate, Fe(TaO$)3
Mm Tantahte
5FeO, 4Ta206 Mm Tapwhte

Magnesium fozatantalate, Mg/TaeOu-f-
9H20

Ppt (Rose, Pogg 102 61 )

4MgO, Ta/)5 Insol in H20 (Joly, C R
«1 266)

JMCercurous tantalate, 5Hg2O, 4Ta206+5H2O

Decomp by warmHN03-|-Aq (1 21 sp gr )

with separation of Ta20s (Rose, Pogg 102

Potassium tantalate, KTaO,

Insol inH20 Sol inKOH+Aq (Mang-
nac, A ch (4) 9 249 )

Potassium toatantalate, K8Ta6Oi9+16H20
Sol without decomp in moderately warm
H2O Decomp by boiling (Mangnac. A
ch (4) 9 259 )

Rubidium tantalate, 4Rb20, 3Ta206+14H20
Sol in H20 (E F Smith, J Am Chem
Soc 1908,30 1666)

Saver tantalate, 4Ag20, 3Taa06

Completely sol in NH4OH+Aq HNO5+
Aq dissolves AgaO, and Ta206 separates out
(Rose, Pogg 102 64 )

Sodium tantalate, NaTaOs
Insol inH20 (Rose)

Sodium /iocatantalate, Na3Ta^Oi9+25H2O

1 pt salt dissolves in 493 pts H2O at 13 5°,
and in 162 pts at 100° Very slightly sol in
alcohol Insol in alkaline solutions (Rose )

Pertantahc acid
See Pertantalic acid

Tantalum, Ta

Not attacked by HCL HN03, aqua regia, or
hot cone H2S04 Easily sol in a mixture of
HN03 and HF (Berzelius, Pogg 4 6, Rose)
Also sol in HF alone (Berzehus )

Not attacked by alkali hydrates H-Aq

Insol m single acids and in aqua regia
Oxidized by a mixture of HF and aqua
regia (Moissan, C R 1902, 134 211 )

Pure Ta is insol in boiling H2S04, HNOS,
HCL aqua regia or mixtures of these acids,
slowly sol m HF-hAq (v Bolton, Zeit
Elektrochem 1905, 11 45 )

Tantalum bromide, TaBr6
Decomp by H20 (Rose )

Tantalum dichlonde, TaCl2-f-2H20

Sol in H20 when freshly prepared
bn<§, C R 1907, 144 805 )

(Cha-

Tantalum pentfachlonde, TaClg

Takes up H2O from the air without deli-
quescing Decomp by H2O Sol in H2SO4
Sol in cold HCl+Aq to a cloudy liquid,
which gelatinises after a tune Not com-
pletely sol in boiling HCl-j-Aq, and the
solution does not gelatinise by the subsequent
addition of water, but all goes into solution
Partly sol m KOH +Aq Insol m K2SO3+
Aq* Sol in absolute alcohol

TELLURATE, CESIUM HYDROGEN

1049

Tantalum penlafluoride, TaF6

Solubility in H2O

Very hydroscopic, sol ui H20 (Ruff, B

Mols

1909,42 494)

Mols

Tantalum fluoride with MF

Solid phase

Temp

H^

HaO to
1 cool

to IOC*
mols
HaO

See Fluotantalate, M

H TeO +6H 0

0°

13 92

66 2

1 51

Tantalum hydroxide! TaaOs, sHaO

t

5°

17 84

49 2

2 03

See Tantahc acid

c

10°

26 21

30 2

3 31

t

15°

32 79

21 9

4 55

Tantalum nitride, TaN

[2TeO 2H20

10°

25 29

31 7

3 15

Not sol in any acids, except a mixture of
HF and HN03 (Rose, Pogg 100 146)
TajN5 (Joly, Bull Soc (2) 26 506 )

18°
30°
40°
60°

28 90
33 36
36 38
43 67

26 2
21 4
18 8
14 2

3 82
4 67
5 33
7 04

Tantalum dtoxide, Ta802(?)
Sol in HF with evolution of hydrogen

80°
100°

51 55
60 84

10 07
6 89

9 93
14 52

(Hermann, J pr (2) 6 69 )

(Mylius, B 1901, 34 2211 )

in

Sol
(Hon-

Tantalum fefroxide, Ta204

Not attacked by any acid, not even a mix-
ture of HN03 and HF (Berzelius, Pogg 4
20)

Decomp by HC1 (Smith, Z anorg 1894,
7 98)

Tantalum pewtoxide, Ta206

Insol in any acid, even boding H2S04 or in
HF (Berzelius )

Sol in fused KHSO^, 10 pts being necessary
to dissolve 1 pt Ta2O5

Tantalum silicide, TaSi2

Insol in most inorganic acids

HFandmHF+HN03

Decomp by fused alkali hydroxides

igschmid, M 1907, 28 1027 )

Tantalum sulphide, Ta2S4

Not attacked by HCl+Aq Oxidised by
boiling with HNOa+Aq, more rapidly with
aqua regia Attacked by H2S04 on heating
Not completely sol in Ht or a mixture of HF
and HNTO.

Telluretted hydrogen, TeH2
See Hydrogen tellunde

Telluric acid, H2Te04

Insol m H2O, cold cone HC1, hot HNO3, o
boiling KOH-fAq, but when heated wit1
H2O is graduallv converted into H2TeO4-
2H2O and dissolved

-j-2H2O Very slowly sol in cold H2O, bu
sol m hot H2O in every proportion Inso
in absolute alcohol, sol in dil alcohol ac
cording to the amount of H20 present So
in acids and alkalies Insol m alcohol o

Insol in alcohol, sol in NaOH+Aq
(Mylius, B 1901, 34 2216 )

Stable in the air

Sol in H20, pptd by HN03 (Stauden
maier, Z anorg 1895, 10 191 )

+6H2O Obtained from solutions at 0°
Staudenmaier, Z anorg 1895, 10 191 )

AWoteUunc acid, HaTe04

Miscible with H2O

Sol in alcohol, pptd by NaOH-1-Aq but
ol in excess (Mylius, B 1901, 34 2216 )

Tellurates

Neutral alkali salts are sol in H2O, the
acid salts are only si sol therein, but dissolve
m HCl+Aq

Vluminum tellur ate

Ppt Sol in excess of aluminum salts +Aq
(Berzehus )

Ammonium tellurate, (NH4)2Te04

Slowly but completely sol in H20 SI sol

in NH4OH+Aq or NH4Cl+Aq SI sol m

alcohol (Berzelius )

(NH4)2O, 2Te03 SI sol m H2O, but more

sol than the corresponding K salt

(NH4)2O, 41eO3 Very si sol in H2O

Insol in alcohol (Berzelius )

Barium tellurate, BaTeO4-f 3H20

fel sol in cold, more in boiling H20 Easily
sol in HNO3+Aq (Berzelius )

BaH2(TeO4)2+2H2O More sol m H2O
than BaTeO4 Decomp by H20 (Ber-
zelius )

BaO, 41eO3 More sol in H2O than either
BaTeO4 or BaH2(TeO4)2 (Berzelius )

Bismuth tellurate, Bi2Te06+2H2O

Mm Montamte Sol in HCl+Aq with
evolution of Cl

Cadmium tellurate, CdTe04

Ppt Sol m HCl+Aq (Oppenheim )

Caesium hydrogen tellurate, CsHTeO4 +

Ch

1 p
J

t is sol in 30 pts
1901, 26 321 )

H2O (Norns, Am

1050

TELLTJRATE, CALCIUM

Calcium tellurate, CaTe04
Ppt Sol in hot H20 (Berzehus )

Chromic teUurate, Cr2(Te04)3
Ppt Sol in excess of Cr salts +Aq

Cobaltous tellurate

Ppt (Berzehus )

Cupric teUurate, CuTe04

Ppt ' (Berzelms )

CuO, 2Te03 Ppt (B )

CusTeOg Insol in $20

Sol m HCL HNO8; NH4OH, KCN and
acetic 4cid (BLutchins, J Am Chem Soc
1905, 27 1181 )

Glucinum teUurate-, GlTeC^
Insol in H2O

Iron (ferrous) teUurate, FeTe04

Ppt Min Ferrotellurate

Iron (feme) teUurate, Fe2(Te04)8
Ppt Sol in ferric salts +Aq (Berzelms )

Lead tellurate, basic

Not completely msol in H20

Lead tellurate, PbTe04

Somewhat sol in H2O
PbO, 2Te03 More sol than PbTeO*
PbO, 4Te08 SI sol m H20 Sol in
HNOs+Aq, less sol inHC2H302+Aq (Ber-
zehus )

Lithium teUurate, Li4TeO*+sHaO

SI sol in H20 with decomp (Mylius, B
1901,34 2209)

Magnesium tellurate, MgTe04

Ppt More sol in H2O than the Ba, Sr or
Ca salts

MgTe2O7 More sol m H2O than MgTe04

Manganous tellurate
Ppt

Mercurous tellurate, basic, 3Hg20, 2Te08
Ppt (Hutchms, J Am Chem Soc 1905,
27 1178)

Mercurous tellurate, Hg2Te04
Ppt IVfm Magnohte

Mercuric teUurate, HgTe04

Ppt Very easily decomp by H/) (Hut-
chins, J Am Chem Soc 1905, 27 1179 )

+2H20 Slowly decomp by cold H2O

Rapidly decomp by boiling H2O (Hut-
chins )

HgsTeOe Insol in H20 Unchanged by
boiling with H20

Sol in HNO3, but more readily sol in HC1
(Hutchms )

Mercuric teUurate

Ppt (Berzehus )

Mercurous hydrogen tellurate, HgHTeO4

4-3H2O

Stable in the air if protected from the light
Insol in H2O Decomp by boiling H20 or
by an excess of cold cone HgN08+Aq

Sol in chl HN03 or dil acetic acid (Hut-
chins, J Am Chem Soc 1905, 27 1177 )

Nickel tellurate
Ppt

Potassium teUurate, K2Te04+5H20

Deliquesces Sol in H2O Very si sol
in H20 containing KOH
100 g H2O dissolve at

0° 20* 30°

8 82 27 53 50 42 g K2Te04
(Rosenheim. and Weinheber, Z anorg 1911,
69 264 )

Insol in alcohol (Berzehus )

KaO, 2TeO3 Insol in H20, acids, or
alkalies (B)

KHTe04-f MH2O S\ sol in cold, more
sol in hot H2O (Berzehus )

K2O, 3TeO3-h5H20 Much rno^e sol in
hot than in cold H2O (Hutchms, J Am
Chem Soc 1905. 27 1174 )

K2O, 4TeO3 Insol in H2O, HC1, Or HNOa
+Aq Sol by long heating with cone HNO3
+Aq

KHTe04, H2TeO4-hMH20 SI bol in
H20

Rubidium teUurate, Rb2TeO4-h3H2O

Sol in about 10 pts H2O (Norrife, \m
Ch J 1901, 26 322 )

Rubidium hydrogen tellurate, Hbine()4

Sol m about 20 pts cold H2O hi more
sol in hot H2O (Norns, Am Ch J 1901,
26 320)

Silver teUurate, 3Ag20, Te03

Sol m NH4OH+Aq

3Ag20, 21eO^ Insol in boiling H/)

H-3H20 Ppt Unchanged by cold H..O
Gradually decomp by boiling H/) (Hut-
chins, J Am Chem Soc 1905, 27 1169)

Ag2Te04 Decomp by H20 into 3Ag20,
Te03 Sol in NH4OH+Aq

+2H20 Insol in hot and cold H20 Sol
n NH4OH, KCN, Na2S203, HNOa, H2S04
andHC2H3O2+Aq Becomp by cone HN03
H2S04 or acetic acid (Hutchms, J Am
Soc 1905, 27 1165)

TELLURIUM CHLORIDE SULPHUR OXIDE

1051

Ag2TeO7 Ppt
AgaOj 4Te03 Ppt

Could not be obtained (Hutchins, J
Am Chem Soc 1905, 27 1168 )

Sodium teUurate, Na2Te04+ 2H20

Very si sol in hot or cold H20 When
heated to drive off 2H2O becomes insol in
^D, butsol mdil HNOa+Aq (Berzehus )

1 pt is sol m about 130 pts H20 at 18°,
^50 pts H2O at 100°

+4H2O 1 pt is sol in about 70 pts H20
at 18°, 40 pts H20 at 50° (Myhus, B 1901,
34 2209 )

Na2Te2O7+4H20 =NaHTeO4+l^H20
Slowly but completely soL in H2O SI sol
in JSraC2H302+Aq Insol in alcohol (Ber-
zehus )

Na20, 4Te03 Insol m H20, acids, or
alkalies, except by long boiling with HNO8+
Aq

-HsH2O (a) Slowly sol in H2O (j3)
Insol even in boiling H2O

Na4TeO6+8H20 Very sol m H20 but
"with decomp CMyhus )

Strontium tellurates

Resemble Ca salts

Xhdlous teUurate, Tl2Te04
* SI sol in H2O (Dennis, J Am Chem
Soc 1898, 18 975 )

Thorium teUurate

Ppt Insol m excess of thorium salts +Aq

Uranium teUurate, U2(Te4Q)3(?)

Ppt Insol m H20 or U02(NO3)2+Aq

Yttnum teUurate

Ppt Inbol in 1I2O or Yt salts +Aq

Zinc teUurate, Zn3leOc

Insol in H2()

Sol in IIN()i>9 HC1, HjSO4 and acetic icid
(Hutchins, J Am Chun hoc 1905,27 1181.

Zirconium tellurate
Ppt (Her/chua )

TeUunum, fc

Insol in 1I2() or HCl+Aq SI sol in hot
cone il^SOd, but sop nates out on cooling
Sol in boiling < one II2SO4 Easily oxidised
by HNOj or iq\ia rcgia bol in boiling very
cone KOH-fAq, separating out again on
cooling

Not att ickcd by boiling cone HNOH-Aq.
.according to Hartung-Schwartzkoff (Ann
M;n (4) 19 345)

Sol An warm cone KCN+Aq

Insol m liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am, Ch
J 1898, 20 830 )

100 pts methvlene iodide dissolve 0 1 pt
Te at 12° (Retgers, Z anorg 3 343 )

Yz ccm oleic acid dissolves 0 0014 g Te
in 6 days (Gates, J phys Ch 1911, 16
L43 )

A colloidal solution of Te in H20 can be
obtained It exists in two modifications,
a brown and a blue-gray Both can be
diluted with H2O or concentrated by boiling
without decomp They are, however, de-
comp by electrolytes, especially NH4C1
(Gutbier, Z anorg 1902, 32 53 )

Tellunum dtfbromide, TeBr2

Decomp on air or by H20 (Rose, Poee
21 443)

Cone tartaric acid dissolves partly with-
out decomp (Brauner, M 1891, 12 34 )

Tellunum te&rabroinide, TeBr*
Sol in a little, but decomp by much HgO
Completely sol in tartaric acid+Aq (1 1)

(Brauner, M 1891, 12 34 )

Tellunum hydrogen [bromide, TeBr4, HBr+

Fumes in the air Deliquescent Stable
m an atmos of HBr (Metzner, C R 1897,

124 1951)

TeUunum cfachlonde, TeCl2

Decomp on air, or by H2O or HCl+Aq
(Rose, Pogg 21 443 )

TeUunum tefradbjonde, TeCl4

Extremely deliquescent Decomp by
cold H^O, with separation of oxy chloride and
tellurous acid bol m hot H^O with decomp
Sol m dil HC1 +Aq without decomp (Rose,
Pogg 21 443 )

Insol m sulphur chloride and m CS2
(Lenher, J Am Chem Soc 1902, 24 188 )

TeUunum hydrogen chloride, TeCl4, HCl-j-
5H2O

Easily decomp (Mctzner. C R 1897.

125 24)

TeUunum chloride with MCI
See ChloroteUurate, M

TeUunum te^rachlonde ammonia,

leC!4> 3NlIa
Decomp bv H2O (Mct/ner, C R 1897.

124 *n

1 eC!4, 4NB.3 Not dchqueseent Decomp
byH2O (Jb&pensdncd, J pr 80 480)

TeUunum teZrachloride sulphur ^noxide,

TeCl4, S08

Ppt ((Prandtl, Z anorg 1909, 62 247 )
leCl4,2SO3 Decomp by moisture On

heating at 120°, it gives TcCl4,S03 (Prandtl )

1052

TELLURIUM FLUORIDE

Tellurium fe^rafluonde, TeF<
(Metzner, C B 1897, 125 25 )
+H2O (Hogbom, Bull Soc (2) 35 60 )

Tellurium Aeoxzfluonde, TeF«

Decomp by B^O slowly but completely
(Prideaux, Chem Soc 1906, 39 322 )

Tellurium zirconium fluoride,
See Fluozirconate, tellunum

Tellunum tfoodide, Telj

Insol in H2O (Rose, Pogg 21 443 )

Tellunum fefrmodide, Tel*

Insol in cold, decomp by hot H20 or
alcohol Sol in HI, but only sol in MI+ Aq
(Berzehus )

Data on solubility of TeI4 in HI+I+Aq
are given by Menke (Z anorg 1912, 77 283 )

Tellunum hydrogen iodide, Tek, HI 4-

8H2O, and -h9H2O

Deliquescent (Metzner, A ch 1898, (7)
15 203 )

Tellunum nitride,
Twn forms

ble at ord temp
stable at ord temp
^ Fischer, B 1910, 43 1472 )
i Not attacked by H20 or dil acetic

Insol in liquid NH3 Decomp by KOE-f
Aq (Metzner, A ch 1898, (7) 15 203 )

Tellunum monoxide, TeO

SI sol in cold dil HC1 or H2S04-f-Aq
Easily oxidised by HNOs+Aq or aqua regia
Decomp immediately by boiling cone HC14-
Aq Slowly decomp by KOH-fAq (Divers
and Shimose*, Chem Soc 35 563 )

Tellunum dioxide, Te02

Very si sol in H20 SI attacked by acids
SI sol in NEUOH or alkali carbonates 4-Aq
Easily sol in NaOH or KOH+Aq Not sol
in less than 150,000 pts H20 Easily sol
in warm dil HNO8+Aq Sol in warm
H2S04+Aq (Klein and Morel, Bull Soc
(2) 43 203 )

20% H2S04+Aq dissolves on warming
about 0 7%, 30% H2S04-f Aq, about 0 85%,

50% H2SO4+Aq, about 4 4%

These solutions are supersat and Te02
separates from the more dil acids on stand-
ing (Brauner, M 1891, 12 34 )

Mm Tellunte

Tellunum cfooxide hydrobromic acid, Te02,
3HBr

(Ditte, C R 83 336 )

Tellunum cfooxide hydrochlonc acid, TeO2.

2HC1

(Ditte, C R 83 336 )
Te02, 3HC1 (Ditte )

Tellunum tfnoxide, TeOa

Insol in cold or hot H20, cold HCl-f-Aq, or
cold or hot HNO3+Aq Insol in moderately
cone KOH-t-Aq, but, when the KOH-fAq
is very cone , is sol if boiling

Tellurium onde, 2Te02, Te03
" Tellunum tellurate "
(Metzner, A ch 1898, (7) 15 203 )

Tellunum oxybronnde
Insol in H2O (Ditte, A ch (5) 10 82 )

Tellunum oxybronnde sulphur tfnoxide,

TeOBr2, 2SO«

Dehquescent (Prandtl, Z anorg 1909,
62 247)

Tellunum oxychlonde, TeOCl2
Insol in H2O (Ditte )

TeUunum oxyfluoride, TeF4, Te02+2H20
Sol in H20 containmg HN03 Decomp

byH20
2TeF4, 3Te02+6H2O Decomp by H2O

(Metzner, C R 1897, 125 25 )

Tellunum sulphide, TeS

Insol in CS2, very unstable (Snellmg.
J Am Chem Soc 1912, 34 802 )

Tellunum cfasulphide, TeS2

Insol m H2O or dil acids Sol in alkali
hydrates or sulphides -fAq

CS2 dissolves out S, so that the substance
is probably a mixture (Becker, A 180 257 )

Tellunum bisulphide, TeS3

Insol m H20 Sol in K2S+Aq

Tellunum sulphoxide, TeS03

Decomp by H2O Sol m H2K)4 (Weber,
J pr (2) 26 218 )

Is tellurium sulphite (Divers, Chem
Soc 49 583)

Tellurous acid, H2Te03

Appreciably sol m H20 and acidb bol
in alkali hydrates or carbonates -f-Aq

Telluntes

The neutral and acid tellurites of the alkali
metals are sol m H2O Ba, Sr Ca, and
Mg tellurites are si sol , and the other salts
insol in H2O Most tellurites are sol in
HCl+Aq

Aluminum tellunte

Ppt Insol in Al salts +Aq (Berzehus )

Amm

onium tellunte, (NHOHTeO87 H2TeOj-f-

Sol in H20, from which it is precipitated
by NH4C14-Aq or alcohol (Berzehus )

Barium tellunte, BaTeOs

SI sol in H2O when prepared in the moist
•way (Berzehus )
BaO, 4Te02

Cadmium tellunte

Ppt Sol inHNO3,andHCl-hAq (Oppen-
heirn )

Calcium teUunte, CaTeOs

SI sol in cold, more sol m hot H20
(Berzehus )

CaO, 4Te02

Chromium tellunte

Ppt Sol in excess of chromic salts +Aq

Cobaltous tellunte
Ppt

Cupnc tellunte

Insol in H20 (Berzehus )

Olucinum tellunte

Insol in H2O

Indium teUunte, In2(Te03, 2In(OH)3
Ppt (Renz, Dissert 1902 )

ferrous tellunte
Ppt

Feme tellunte
Ppt

iLead teUunte, PbTeOs

Ppt Easily sol in acids (Berzehus )

Lithium teUunte, Li2TeO8

Sol in H2O (Berzehus )

Li2O. 2Te02 Decomp by cold H2O into
Li2Te03 and Li/), 41eO2 (B )

Li2O, 4Te02 Sol in hot, much less in
cold H20 (B )

Magnesium teUunte, MgTe03

Precipitate Much more sol in H2O than
the Ba, Sr, or Ca salt (Berzehus )

Manganous teUunte
Ppt

Mercurous teUunte
Ppt

Mercuric teUunte
Ppt

Nickel teUunte

Ppt

Potassium teUunte, K2TeO8

Not deliquescent Slowly sol in cold,
more quickly in boiling H20 (Berzehus)

K20, 2Te02 Completely sol in boiling
H2O, from which K20, 4TeO2 crystallises (B )

K20.4TeO2-h4H2O Decomp bvcoldH20
into K20, Te02, and K2O, 2TeO2) which
dissolve, and H2Te08, which is nisol (B )

Potassium tercateUunte, K20, 6TeO2-f 2H20
Not decomp by, but si sol in H2O (Klein
and Morel, C R 100 1140 )

Silver teUunte, Ag2Te08
Ppt Sol in NH4OH+Aq (Berzehus)
The freshly nptd salt is msol in H20, sol

in UNO 3, H2S(J4, acetic and tartaric acid,

decomp by HC1 (Lenher. J Am Chem

Soc 1913, 35 727 )
AgHTeOs Insol in H2O Sol in HN08

+Aq (Rose, Pogg 18 60 )

Sodium teUunte, Na2TeO8

Slowly sol in cold, more quickly in hot
H2O Precipitated from aqueous solution
by alcohol (Berzelms )

Na2O, 2TeO2 Decomp by H20 as K salt
(B)

Na2O, 4Te02+5H2O As above (B )

Strontium teUunte, SrTeOj

Resembles Ba salt

SrH2Te4Oio Very si sol in H20, more
easilv in HNO3+Aq

Thorium teUunte

Precipitate Insol m H2O or Th salts +Aq

Stannous teUunte

Pptd in presence of 60,000 pts H2O
(Fischer )

Uranium teUunte, TJ2(Te08)3
Ppt Insol m U salts 4- Aq

Yttrium teUunte

Precipitate

Zinc teUunte, ZnTeOs

Ppt

Zirconium teUunte
Ppt

Terbium, Tb

Metal has not been isolated
Has been decomp into two or more ele-
ments by Kruss (Z anorg 4 27)

1U54

Terbium chloride, TbCl3+6H20

Sol in H20, very hydroscopic, sol in al-
cohol (Urbain, C R 1908, 146 128 )

Terbium hydroxide

Sol in dilute acids Decomposes NH4
salts +Aq

Terbium oxide, T2O8
Sol in dil acids, even after ignition

Terbium peroxide, Tb4O7

Sol in HNO3 and in hot HC1 (Urbain,
C E 1907, 146 127 )

Tetramme chromium compounds

See—

Bromotetramine chromium compounds
Chlorotetramine chromium compounds
lodotetramine chromium compounds

Tetramme cobaltic compounds,

See—

Bromotetramine cobaltic compounds
Carbonatotetramine cobaltic compounds
Chlorotetramuie cobaltic compounds
Croceocobaltic compounds
Fuscocobaltic compounds
Flavocobaltic compounds
lodotetramine cobaltic compounds
Nitratotetramine cobaltic compounds
Praseocobaltic compounds
Roseotetramine cobaltic compounds ^
Sulphatotetramine cobaltic compounds
See also under octamme cobaltic salts for
many tetramme salts as yet unclassified

Tetramine cobaltic nitrite with MNO2,

Co2(NH3)4(N02)6, 2MN02
See Diamine cobaltic nitrite

Tetrathiomc acid, H2S406

Known only m aqueous solution

Dil solution can be boiled without decomp

Cone solution decomp bv boiling

Addition of H2S04 or HC1 makes solution

more stable (Pordos and G<5hs, C R 16

920)

Tetrathionates

Tetrathionates are all easily sol in H20,
but insol in alcohol

Barium tetrathionate, BaS406+2H20

Very sol m H20, but precipitated by addi-
tion of alcohol

Cadmium tetrathionate

Deliquescent Solution m H20 gradually
decomposes (Kessler, Pogg 74 249 )

Caesium tetrathionate, Cs2S4O6
(J Meyer, B 1907, 40 1361 )

Cuprous tetrathionate, Cu2S406

I)ecomp by H20 ''Chancel and Diacon,
C R 1863, 56 711 )

Cupnc tetrathionate, CuS406

Sol in H20

Decomp by long boiling (Curtras and
Henkel, J pr 1888, (2) 37 148 )

Lead tetrathionate, PbS406+2H20

, Sol in H2O

Manganous hydrogen tetrathionate,

MnH2(S406)2

Deliquescent Very sol in H20 and al-
cohol (Curtius and Henkel, J pr (2) 37
148)

Nickel tetrathionate ammonia, NiS406, 6NH3
Ppt Decomp by H20 Insol in alcohol
(Ephraun, B 1913, 46 3109 )

Potassium tetrathionate, K2S406
Soluble m H20 Insol in alcohol
Difficultly sol in H2O (Kessler, Pogg

1847, 74 254 )

Rubidium tetrathionate, Rb2S406

Not hydroscopic (J Meyer, B 1907, 40
1356)

Sodium tetrathionate, Na2S4O6

Sol in H2O Precipitated therefrom by
a great excess of alcohol (Kessler, J pr 96
13)

+2H20 (Berthelot, A ch (b) 17 450)

Strontium tetrathionate, SrS4O6-f6H20
Sol in H20 (Kessler, Pogg 74 255 )
More sol in H2O than Ba salt

Zinc tetrathionate

bol m H2O (P ordos and Gflis )

Zinc hydrogen tetrathionate, ZnH2(S406)2

Extremely sol m H/) and alcohol (Cur-
tius and Henkel, J pr (2) 37 147 )

Zinc tetrathionate ammonia, ZnS4()f, 3NH3
Ppt (Ephraim, B 1915, 48 641 )

Thalhc acid

Potassium tballate

Known only in aqueous solution (Car-
stanjen, J pr 101 55 )

Does not exist (I epsius, Chem Ztg 1890,
1327)

JLiiALdjUUb

1055

Thallium, Tl

Not attacked by pure H20 Easily sol in
dU H2SO4 or HKOs+Aq Difficultly sol
in HCl+Aq Absolute alcohol dissolves
considerable quantity m a short time, also
methyl alcohol, and acetic ether (Botteer )

Not easily attacked by HF+Aq (Kuhl-
maiui )

Insert m hquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 830 )

1/2 ccm olejc^acid dissolves 0 0424 g Tl in
6 days (Gates, J phys Chem 1911, 15 143 )

Thallium arsenide, TIAs

Decomp by H2SO4 (Carstanjen )

Thallous azoimide, T1N3
Slf sol in H20

0 1712 pt is sol in 100 pts H20 at 0°,
0 1965 pt is sol in 100 pts H2O at 5°,

0 3 pt is sol in 100 pts H20 at 16°
Insol in abs alcohol and ether

(Curtms, J pr 1898, (2) 58 284 )
Thallothalhc azoimide, TlNs, TtiST9

Explosive Decomp bv hot H20 and bv
acids (Dennis, J Am Chem Soc 1896. 18
973)

Thallous bromide, TIBr

Nearly insol m cold, si sol in boiling
H2O (Willm, Bull Soc (2) 2 89 )

1 1 H2O dissolves 0 00869 g mol TIBr at
68 5° (Noyes.Z phvs Ch 6 248 )

SI sol in H20 0 48 X 10~2 g is dissolved m
a liter of sat solution at 20° (Bottger, Z
phys Ch 1903,46 603)

1 1 H2O dissolves 420 mg TIBr at 18°
(Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1904, 50 356 )

238 mg TIBr are contained in 1 1 sat
solution at 0 13°, 289 mg at 9 37°, 423 mg
at 18°, 579 mg at 25 68° (Kohlrausch, Z
phys Ch 1908, 64 168 )

Solubihtv of HBr m ll(NO3)+Aq at 685°

g mols per 1

g mols per 1

TINO^

TIBr

TlNOs

TIBr

0

0 0163
0 0294
O 0955

0 00869
0 00410
0 002S9
0 00148

0
4 33(o
7 820
25 400

2 469
1 164
0 821
0 420

(Noyes, Z phys Ch 1890, 6 248 )

Insol ift acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329) , pyridme (Naumann, B 1904, 37 4610) ,
acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014)

Thalliq bromide, TlBrs

Deliquescent Easily sol in H20 and
alcoh6l (Willm )

Insol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909,42 3790)

+H2O Very unstable Sol m H2O,

alcohol and ether (Meyer, 2 anorg 1900,
24 353 )

-h4H20 Very sol m H20 (Thomas,
C R 1902, 134 546 )

Thallothallic bromide, TIBr, TlBr8
Decomp by H20 (Meyer, Z anorg 1900,

24 354)
3TlBr, TlBr3 Decomp by H<>0 into TIBr

and TlBr3

Thallic hydrogen bromide, TlBr3, HBr

Very sol in H2O (Thomas. C R 1902,
134 546)

Thallic bromide ammonia, TlBr8, 3NHs

Decomp by H20
Thallium bromochlonde, TICJBr

Decomp by H2O (Thomas, C R 19bl,
132 1489)

TlCUBr2+4H20 Ppt

TlCl2Br+4H20 Ppt Decomp by H20
(Thomas, C R 1902, 134 546 )

Tl3Cl2Br4 De'comp by H20, H2S04 or
HNOs (Thomas, C R 1900, 131 894,
C R 1901, 132 1489 )

TUClsBrs Sol in H2O (Thomas, C R
1901, 132 82 )

TlClBr2, 3T1C1 Cryst from H20 con-
taining HN08 (Cusnmann, Am Ch J
1900, 24 222 )

T1C13, STIBr Sol in H2O without decomp
(Cushmann )

TlBr3, 3T1C1 Decomp by H20 (Cush-
mann )

TlBr3, T1C1 Sol in H2O with decomp
(Cushmann )

T1C13, 2TlBr, 11C1 Sol in H20 (Meyer,
Z anorg 1900, 24 355-360 )

TlBr3, 2T1C1, TIBr Ppt Decomp by
H2O (Meyer;

(T1C13, T1C1), 2(TLBr3, TIBr) Ppt
(Meyer )

2(T1C18, T1C1), (TlBr3, TIBr) Ppt De-
comp by hot H20 (Meyer )

Thallium bromofluonde, TlFBr2

Decomp m moist air

Sol in abs alcohol (Gewecke, A 1909,
366 233 )

Thallium bromofluonde ammonia,
TlFBr2j 4NH3

Decomp by moisture

Difficultly sol in abs alcohol (Gewecke,
A 1909,366 234)

Thallous chloride, T1C1

Solubility m pts H2O at t°, according to
H =Hebberling, C = Crookes, L = Lamy

0° 15° 16° 16 5°
504 283 4 377 359 pts H20,
H C H H

100° 100° 100*

about 50 52 5 63 pts H20
L C H

1056

THALLOUS CHLORIDE

1 1 H20 dissolves 0 0161 g mol T1C1 at
25° (Noyes,Z phys Ch 6 249)

326X102 grams are dissolved in 1 liter
of sat solution at 20° (Bottger. Z phys
Ch 1903,46 603)

1 1 H2O at 25° dissolves 0 01606 g mol
T1C1 (Geffcken, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 296 )

Solubility in H2O at t°
100 cc sat solution contain at
t° 0° 10° 20° 30° 40° 50°

g T1C1 0 17 0 24 0 34 0 46 0 60 0 80

t° 60° 70 80° 90° 99 3°

g T1C1 1 02 1 29 1 60 1 97 2 41
(Berkeley, Trans Roy Soc 1904, 203, A,
208)

1 1 H20 dissolves 3040 T1C1 at 18°
(Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1904, 50 356 )

2 27 g are dissolved in 1 1 of sat solution
at 9 54°, 3 05 g at 177°, 3 97 g at 25 76°
(Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1908, 64 168 )

0 01629 mol is sol in 1 1 H20 at 25°
(Hill, J Am Chem Soc 1910, 32 1385 )

0 01607 g equiv is sol in 1 1 H20 at 25°
(Bray and Winninghoff, J Am Chem Soc
1911, 33 1665 )

Much less sol in H2O containing HC1 or
HN08

Solubility in HCl+Aq at 25°
g mol T1C1

1 1 dissolves

g HCl
added

T1C1

g HCl
added

T1C1

i2$3
)560

0 01610
0 00836
0 00565

0 1468
1 000

0 00316
0 00200

(Noyes, Z phys Ch 6 249 )
Solubility in HCl+Aq at 25°

Nearly msol in NH^OH+Aq

More sol in K2COs+Aq than in H2O
3 86 g TIClaresol in 1 1 H20 at 25° 21 84 g
T1C1 are sol m 1 1 5N-K2C08-f Aq at 25°
(Spencer and Le Pla, C C 1908, II 198 )

Solubility in KN03-j-Aq at 25°

Concentration of KNOs
milhequivalents per 1

10

20

50

100

300

1000

Solubility of T1C1
milhequivalents per 1

16 07

17 16

18 26

19 61
23 13
30 72

(Bray and Winninghoff, J Am Chem Soc
1911,33 1670)

Solubility in K2S04+Aq at 25°

Concentration of KaSO*
milhequivalents per 1

Solubility of T1C1
milhequivalents per 1

10
20
50
100
300
1000

16 07
17 79
19 42
21 37
26 00
34 16

(Bray and Winninghoff. J Am Chem Soc
1911,33 1670)

Solubility in Tl2S044-Aq at 25°

Concentration of TlaSOi
milhequivalents per 1

Solubility of T1C1
milhequivalents per 1

Concentration of HCl
equivalents per liter

0

0 025
0 05
0 10
0 20

Solubility of T1C1
equivalents per liter

0 01612
0 00869
0 00585
0 00384
0 00254

10

20

50

100

16 07
10 34

6 77
4 68

CNoyes, Z phys Ch 1892, 9 614 )
Solubility m HNO3H-Aq at 25°

(Bray and Winrnnghoff, J Am Chem Soc
1911,33 1670)

Solubility of T1C1 in salts +Aq at 25°

Normality
HNOs

Sp gr of the
solution

g T1C1 dis
solved per 1

0 000
0 4977
1 0046
2 0452
4 017

0 996
1 0184
1 0359
1 0705
1 1362

3 952
5 937
6 883
8 143
9 926

(Hill and Simmons, Z phys Ch 1909, 67
605)

Salt

Concentration of
salt g equiv per 1

TlGl dissolved
g equiv ptr 1

NH4C1

0 025
0 05
0 2

0 00872
0 00593
0 00271

CaCl2

0 025
0 05
0 10
0 20

0 00899
0 00624
0 00417
0 00284

THALLIUM TUNGSTEN CHLORIDE

1057

Solubility of T1C1 in salts+Aq at
Continued

25° —

Solubility of T1C1 in HC2H8O2+Aq at 25°
(g equiv per 1 )

Salt

Concentration of
salt g equiv per 1

T1C1 dissolved
g equiv per 1

Add T1C1

0 000 0 01629
0 5134 0 01580
1 013 0 01495
2 016 0 0132
4 180 0 0099
8 130 0 0054
11 49 0 0026
14 31 0 0012
16 01 0 0005

CdCl2

0 025
0 05
0 10
0 20

0 01040
0 0078
0 00578
0 00425

CuCl2

0 025
0 05
0 10
0 20

0 00905
0 00614
0 00422
0 00291

(Hill, J Am Chem Soc 1910, 32 1189 )

Insol in pyridine (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4610), acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329 )

Thalhc chloride, T1C18
Anhydrous
Easily sol in H20 and in most ord sol-
vents
In contact with moist air, it rapidly be-
comes hydrated (Thomas, C R 1902, 136
1053 )
Difficultly sol in methyl acetate (Nau-
mann, B 1909, 42 3790 )
Very sol in acetone (Renz, B 1902, 35
1110)
Difficultly sol in acetone (Naumann, B
1904,37 4328)
+H20 Deliquescent, and very easily sol
inH20 (Werther)
Deliquescent, and very easily sol in H2O
(Werther )
+4H20 86 2 pts are sol in 100 pts H2O
at 17° Sp gr of sat aq solution at 17° =
1 85 (Thomas, C E 1902 136 1052 )
Very hydroscopic (Meyer, Z anorg
1900, 24 336 )
Very sol in alcohol and ether (Meyer, Z
anorg 1900, 24 338 )
+7HH20 Deliquescent (Werther )

ThaUothallic chloride, 3T1C1, T1C13
1 pt dissolves in pts H2O at t°, according
to C - Crookes , H = Hebberlmg , L = Lamy
15° 17° 100° 100°
380 1 346 52 9 20-25 pts H20
C H C L
SI decomp by dissolving (Lamy )

Thalhc hydrogen chloride, T1C18, HC1 +
3H20

Very hygroscopic
Decomp by H2O (Meyer, Z anorg 1900,
24 337)

Thallium tungsten chloride, T18W2C19
Nearly insol in H2O
Sol in a hot mixture of equal pts H20 and
cone HC1

MgCl2

0 025
0 05
0 10
0 20

0 00904
0 00618
0 00413
0 00275

MnCl2

0 025
0 05
0 10
0 20

0 00898
0 00617
0 00412
0 00286

KC1

0 025
0 05
0 1
0 2

0 00872
0 00593
0 00399
0 00265

NaCl

0 025
0 05
0 10

0 20

0 00869
0 00592
0 00395
0 00271

ZnCl2

0 025
0 05
0 10
0 20

0 00899
0 00627
0 00412
0 00281

TIClOs

0 025

0 00897

TINOa

0 025
0 Or)
0 10

0 00883
0 00626
0 00423

(Noyes, Z phyb Ch 1892, 9 b()9 )
Solubility of TIC! in salts+Aq at 25°

Mols i 1C1 aol in 1 liter of

Salt

O 5-N
solutioi

N 2-N
i solution solutior

3-N
solution

4-N
solution

IBUNOs 0 0258'
^NOs 0 025h(
TaNOs 0 0256^
ilSTOa 0 02545
CIO 3 0 0237C
TaClOa 0 0232f

1 0 03U1 0 03966
) 0 OW7 0 03904
t 0 03054 0 03851
2 0 03035 0 037S5
)
) 0 02687 0 03060

0 04544
0 04438

0 03303

0 05128
0 03850

(Geffcken, Z phys Ch 1904, 49 295 )

Insol in alcohol Easily sol in hot
fgCljs+Aq (Carstanjen)

1058

THALLIC ZINC CHLORIDE

SI sol in cone HC1

Solubility of T10H in H2O at t°

Nearly msol in most organic solvents
(Olsson, B 1913, 46 575 )

t°

g equiv
llOHperl

Sp gr 15%°

Thalhc zinc chloride, 2T1C13, ZnCl2+6H20

0
18 5

1 554

1 317

Can be cryst from H20 (Gewecke, A

19 5

1 582

1 322

1909, 366 224 )

29

1 803

1 342

23 1

1 861

1 377

Thallic chloride ammonia, T1C13, 3NE«

33 1
36

1 967
2 075

1 400
1 417

Decomp byH20 Sol in HCl+Aq (Willm )

40

2 240

1 446

44 5

2 442

Thalhum chlorofluonde, T1FC12

54 1
59 4

2 940
3 281

Very hydroscopic

64 6

3 601

Decomp by moist air

78 5

4 673

Easily sol in abs alcohol (Gewecke, A

90 0

5 705

1909, 366 230 )

99 2

6 708

+3H2O Not hydroscopic
Decomp by H2O, alcohol and ether

(Bahr, Z anorg 1911, 71 87 )

(Gewecke )

Thallium chlorofluonde ammonia, T1FC12,

4NH3

Decomp by H2O
Difficultly sol in abs alcohol and in ether

231)

le, T1F

~ -. ^ pts H2O at 15°, and in much
ot H20 Difficultly sol in alcohol
Jier, W A B 62 2 644 )

Deliquescent (Willm )

Thalhc fluoride, TJF8

Insol in H20 and cold HCl+Aq (Willm )
Cannot be obtained in pure state (Ge-
wecke, A 1909, 366 218 )

Thallous hydrogen fluoride, T1F, HF
Sol in 1 pt H2O (Buchner )

Thallous tungstyl fluoride,
See Fluoxytungstate, thallous

Thallous vanadium fluoride
See Fluovanadate, thallous

Thallous vanadyl fluonde
See Fluoxyvanadate, thallous

Thallous hydroxide, T10H
Sol in H20 and alcohol

The solubility of T120 in H20 at these
temperatures is the same as that of T10H
+H20 (Willm, Bull Soc (2) 6 354 )

Thallic hydroxide, T1208, H20=T10(OH)

Insol in H20 Sol in dil acids and am-
monium salts -f-Aq Insol in caustic alkah
solutions

T1(OH)8 Easily sol in dil HC1 or F2S04
+Aq (Carnegie, C N 60 113 )

Thallous iodide, Til

Very si sol in H20

1 pt Til is sol in pts H20 at t° C= ac-
cording to Crookes, H = according to Hebber-
ling, L=accordmg to Lamy, W = according
to Werther

35° 15°, 16° 16-17° 19 4°
20.000 4450 16,000 11,676 14,654 pts H20,

W C t k W

20°
1L954
W

23 4°
10,482

45°

5407

W

100°

842

C

100°

804 pts H20
H

Sol in 17,000 pts H20 at 20° (Long, Z
anal 30 342)

Sat solution at 2015° contuns M(> ing
or 1 92X10 4 g mol 111 per 1 (Hotter, /
phys Ch 1903,46 60^)

1 1 H2O dissolves 5b mg 111 at 18°
(Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1904, 50 *% )

36 2 mg are dissolved in 1 1 of sat solution
at 9 90°, 56 mg at 18 1°, 84 7 mg at 26°
(Kohlrausch, Z phys Ch 1908, 64 168 )

Solubility in H/) at 25° = 1 76X10* mol
per litre (Spencer, / phys Ch 1912, 80
708)

Notdecomp by dil H2bO4,HCl; or alkalies
+Aq Decomp by hot dil HN03+Aq, and
cold cone HNOs Sol in aqua rcgia

Also less sol in acetic acid than in H20
(Carstanjen )

THALLIUM TELLURIDE

1059

Insol in NH4OH+Aq (Werther ) Not
holly insol in NBUOH-J-Aq, and solubility

increased by presence of (NHOaSC^ or
H4C1 (Baubigny, C R 113 544 )
Sol in 13,000 pts NH4OH+Aq (6^ or

% NH3) Sol in 17,000 pts NH4OH+Aq

{% NHs) (Long )

ol in dil KI+Aq (1% KI) (Bau-

Much

lucn more insol m KI+Aq than in H20,

pt dissolves in 75,000 pts dil KI+Aq
jamy )

Nearly insol in Na2S203+Aq, and abso-
tely insol therein in presence of Pb salts
Verner C N 53 51 )

Sol in 56,336 pts 85% alcohol at 13°
Verther ) Sol m 18,934 pts 98% alcohol
19° (Hebberling )

When Til is shaken with alcohol of 78°B

vol H20-f-3 vols 98% alcohol) at 22°, and
t stand with Til for 24 hours, and then
raporated to Vs vol , there is shown no ppt
Y NBUSH+Aq (Baubigny )

Sol in 260,000 pts 90% alcohol, and
r.OOO pts 50% alcohol at 20° (Long )

Insol in methylene iodide (Retgers, Z
lorg 3 343)

Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
529, Eidmann, C C , 1899, II 1014 )

Insol in pyridme (Naumann, B 1904,
T 4601)

kallic iodide, T1I8
Sol in alcohol
Decomp slowly in the air
1894,6 313)
in ether

(Wells, Z

10:

fcallothallic iodide, T13I4 = 5T1I, TO,
Sol m H2O (Jorgensen, J pr (2) 6 82 )

h.aHium nitride
Very unstable (Franz Fischer, B 1901,
3 1470 )

liallous oxide, T12O
Deliquescent Sol in H2O
See Thallous hydroxide

liallic oxide,

Insol in I^O Not attacked by cole
E2SO4 Sol in hot H2SO4 Sol m cold HO
[-Aq

Insol in alkalies -f-Aq (Werther, J pr
1 385)
Hack modification

Less sol in dil acids than the brown
aodification Solution is accompanied by

slight reduction to thallous salt

More sol in 10% HC1 than in 10%
r HNO3

More sol in cone than in dil acids (Rabe
t anorg 1906, 48 431 )

Brown modification

Easily sol in dil mineral acids on warm-
nig, with slight reduction to thallous salt

More sol in cone acid (Rabe )

Thallium efooxide, T1O2

Insol in H2O (Piccim, Gazz ch it 17
450)

Thallic oxide ammonia, T1203, 6NH8

Decomp by much H20 Insol in alcohol
(Carstanjen )

Thallic oxyfluonde, T10F

Insol in HzO Slowly decomp by boiling
with H20

Sol in mineral acids Almost insol in HF
(Gewecke, A 1909, 366 226 )

Thallium phosphide (?)
Ppt (Crookes )

Thallous selemde, Tl2Se

Insol in H2O Scarcely attacked by cold
dil H2SO4+Aq, but dissolves when heated
(Carstan]en )

Thallothallic selemde

Not attacked by cold cone or boiling dil
jjSC^+Aq Cone H2S04 decomposes (Car-
stanjen )

Thallous sulphide, T12S

Insol inH2O, (NH4)2S-f Aq, NH4OH+Aq,
KCN+Aq, and in alkali carbonates, ana
hydrates +Aq Difficultly sol in a solution
of oxalic acid or acetic acid (Crookes )
Easily sol in HNO8, and H2S04+Aq Diffi-
cultly sol in HCl+Aq (Willm )

SI sol in H20

021X10 4 g is dissolved m 1 1 sat solu-
tion at 20° (Bottger, Z phys Ch 1903, 46
603)

Insol m acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4329)

Thallic sulphide, T12S3

Insol in H20 Insol in cold, sol m warm
dil H2SO4-f Aq without separation of S
Sol m other dilute acids with separation of S
(Carstanjen )

Thallium pentasulphide, T12S5

Ppt (Hofmann, B 1903, 36 3092 )

Thallothalhc sulphide, 5T12S, 3T12S8
Very slowly decomp by cold dil H2S04-h

TlgS, T12S3 (Carstanjen)
T12S, 2T12S3 Decomp by dii acids
(Schneider, J pr (2) 10 55 )

Thallium tellunde, Tl2Te
(Fabre, C R 105 673 )

1060

THIOA1STTIMONIC ACID

Thio-

For compounds with prefix thio-, see also
under sulpho-

Thioantunomc acid
See Sulphantunomc acid

Thioarsemc acid
See Sulpharsemc acid

Thiomolybdic acid
See Sulphomolybdic acid.

Thionamic acid, NH3S02=NH2SO(OH)
Very deliquescent, and sol in H2O
H20 solution decomp gradually (Eose,

Pogg 33 275, 42 425 )

Ammonium thionamate, NH2SO(ONH4)
Deliquescent Sol in H20, easily decomp

when in solution (Rose )
Very sol in alcohol with decomp SI sol

in dry ether (Divers and Ogawa, C C 1900,

I 1259)

Dithiomc acid
See Dithiomc acid

acid

x o/MUfUJUASJuuv/ aClQ

See Pentathiomc acid

Thionyl bromide, SOBr2

Unstable

Decomp by H20 (Besson, C R 1896,
122 322)

Thionyl bromochlonde, SOClBr
Decomp slowly in the cold, rapidly at 115°
Deccmp by H20 (Besson C R 1896,

122 321)

Thionyl chloride, SOC12

Sol in CHCla, and C6H6 (Oddo, Gazz ch
it 1899, 29 (2) 318 )

Thionyl fluoride, SOF2

Decomp by H20

Sol in AsCls, CeHfl, ether and oil of turpen-
tine (Moissan, C R 1900, 130 1439 )

Thiophosphamic acid, H2PNH202S (?)

Known only in its salts (Gladstone and
Holmes, Chem Soc (2) 3 1 )

Cadmium thiophosphamate, CdPNH202i

Sol in dil acids* and NH4OH+Aq
andH)

Lead ;PbPNH2C2S

Ppt Sol indil HNO8+Aq (Gladst
and Holmes, Chem Soc (2) 3 1 )

Thiophosphocfoamic acid, H2PN2H4OS
Known only in solution, which soon
composes (G and H )

Cadmium fhiophosphocfoamate,

Cd(PN2H4OS)2

Insol in H2O, sol in dil acids, and NH4(
+Aq (G andH)

Cupnc , Cu(PN2H4OS)2

Insol in H20, dil HC1, or NH4OH-H
Sol in KCN+Aq (Gladstone and Holm
Chem Soc (2) 3 1 )

Lead , Pb(PN2H4OS)2

Insol in H2O Sol in dil HNOs+Aq

Nickel , Ni(PJNT2H4OS)2

Sol in dil acids, and NH4OH+Aq (Gla<
stone and Holmes, Chem Soc (2) 3 1 )

Zmc 9 Zn(PN2H4OS)2

Ppt Sol in dil acids, and NH4OH-f A(
(Gladstone and Holmes )

Thiophosphomtnle, PSN

Not decomp by cold H2O Slowly decom;
by boihng H2O Easily decomp by boilui,
dil HC1 (Stock, B 1906, 39 1974 )

Thiophosphonc acid, H3PS03=PS(OH)j
Known only in its salts

Ammonium magnesium thiophosphate,
NH4MgPS03-h<)H20

SI sol in cold H2O (Kulnerschky. J pr
(2)31 100)

-, Ba,(PROa),

Barium
Insol in H2O (Wurtz, A ch (3) 20 473 )

Cobalt

Insol in H20, but partnlly decomp when
boiled therewith (Wurt/ )

Cupnc

Insol inH2O, very easily decomp (Wurtz)

Feme • ••* " -
Insol inH2O (Wurtz)

Magnesium , Mg3(PS03)2-h20H20

SI sol in cold H2O (Kubierschky. J pr
(2)31 99)

TEIOPHOSPHORYL CHLORIDE

1061

Nickel thiophosphate

Insol in H20, but decomp when boiled
therewith (Wurtz )

Potassium — <-— , K3PS08

Very sol in H20 Known only in aqueous
solution (Wurtz )

Sodium - , Na8PS03+12H2O

Hasily sol in boiling H20 Cryst out on
cooling (Wurfys, A ch (3) 20 472 )

Insol in alcohol

Strontium — *— •

Insol in H2O (Wurtz )

Z^thiowetaphosphoric acid
Ammonium <fotmx>metaphosphate,

Decomp by H2O (Stock, B 1906, 39
1990 )

JW0w0thio0r$ophosphonc acid

Mowoammonium wonothioor^ophosphate,

O P(SNH4)(OH)2
Sol in H20
Insol in alcohol (Stock, B 1906, 39 1990

TVzammomum monotiMoorthophosvh&te.

SNH4 PO (ONH4)2
(Stock )

Z>ztfciio0r#i0phosphonc acid

Ammonium dithiophospbate, (NH4)8PS202+

2H20

SI efflorescent Sol in H20 (Kubier-
3chky, J pr (2) 31 93 )

Ammonium magnesium - , NH4MgPS202

H-6H20
SI sol in cold, H/) (Kubierschky )

Barium - , Ba3(PS2O2),+8H2O

Precipitate (Kubierschky, J pr (2) 31

103 )

-f-18H20 As the £nthio compound

Ephraim, B 1910, 43 287 )

Calcium

Very easily decomposed (Kubierschky )

sodium , NdiPbs

Veiy sol in H2O
2) 31 93)

(Kubierschky, J pr

acid

Vxamonram /nthioorZfophosphate,

(NH4)3PS80+H2O
(Stock, B 1906, 39 1985 )

Barium /nHuoo^ophosphate, Ba3(PS3O)2-f-
20H2O

Decomp byH2Oanddil acids

Sol in cone HNO8 with oxidation of
the sulphur to H2SO* (Ephraim, B 1910,
43 286 )

Magnesium , Mg5(PS8O)2-J~20H3O

Decomp byH2Oanddil acids (Ephraim

Thiophosphorous acid

Ammonium thiophosphite (?), (NH4)4P2S2Oi
+3H20

Sol in H20 (Lemome, C B 98 45 )
-f6H20

Sodium thiophosphite (?), Na4P2S203+5H2O

=P303, 2Na2S-f5H20
Sol in H20 (Lemoine. C R 98 45 )
Na*P2S2O4+4H2O=*P203, 3Na20, 2Hz

2H30 Sol in H2O (Lemoine, I c )

Thiophosphoryl inamide, PS(JSTH2)3

Rapidly decomp by H2O Scarcely sol
in alcohol, ether, or CS2 (Chevrier, C R 66
748)

Afetothiophosphoryl bromide, PS2Br

Decomp byH2O Insol in ether (Mich-
aehs, A 164 9 )

Or'Aothiophosphoryl bromide, PSBr«

Slowly decomp by cold, rapidly by hot H20
but volatile with only partial decomp with
steam Easily sol in ether, CS2, PC13, PBrs
Decomp by cold alcohol Forms hydrate
PSBr3+H2O (Michaehs, A 164 9 )

P2/rothiophosplioryl bromide, P2S8Br4

Decomp by H2O and alcohol Sol m CSj
and ether (Michaehs )

Thiophosphoryl phosphorus bromide,

PSBr3, PBr3
Decomp by H2O into PSBr3 (Michaehs )

Thiophosphoryl dibromochlonde, PSClBr2

Decomp by H2O and alkahes

Fumes in the air (Besson, C R 1896,
122 1059)

Thiophosphoryl bromodzchloride, PSCl2Br

Decomp by H2O and alkahes Reacts
violently with HN"O3 (Besson, C R 1896,
120 1058)

Thiophosphoryl chloride, PSC13

Very slowly decomp by H2O, and may
be distilled with steam without much decomp
Decomp by alcohol Miscible with CS2
(Baudrimont. J pr 87 301 )

Sol in CC14 and C8H6 (Oddo, Gazz ch
it 1899, 29 (2) 318 )

1062

THIOPHOSPHORYL CHLORIDE

Thiophosphoryl pentachlonde, PS2C15

Decomp by H20 Sol in alkalies with
residue of S Attacked violently by HNO
alcohol, ether, oil of turpentine Miscible
with CS2 (Gladstone, Chem Soc 3 5 )

Thioph.osph.oryl fluonde, PSF3

Slowly sol in H2O with decomp SI sol
in ether

Insol m E2SO4, CS^ or benzene (Thorpe
and Rodger, Chem Soc 66 306 )

More sol in KOH or NaOE+Aq than in
H2O

Thiophosphoryl iodide, P2SI2

Very sol in CS2 Unstable when heated
Fumes in tlie air (Besson, C R 1896, 122
1201)

Thiosulphunc (formerly Hyposulphur-

ous) acid, H2Sa03
Known only in aqueous solution, which is
extremely unstable, and decomposes very
quickly after its formation The time before
decomposition is exactly proportional to the
ratio of the weight of H2O to the weight of
H2S2O8 present, i e , if one solution contains
twice as much S20 for a given amt of H2S203
as a second solution, the first solution will
decompose in twice the length of time The
length of time is about 20 sees at 10°, and
2 sees at 50° for cone solutions, to 120 sees
at 10° and 12 sees at 50° for very dilute solu-
tions (See Landolt (B 16 2958) for further
figures, also Winkelmann (B 18 406)

Thiosulphates

The thiosulphates of the alkalies and of
Ca and Sr are easily sol in H20, Ba and Sr
salts are si sol and the other salts insol The
salts of the metals dissolve in alkali thiosul-
phates + Aq All are insol in alcohol

Double Salts of Thiosulphunc acid It is
impossible to determine whether substances
of this class are true chem individuals Manv
described by Svensson and others are doubt
less isomorphic mixtures, whose comp de-
pends on the temp and cone of the solution
in which pptd (Rosenheim, Z anorg 1900
25 72 )

Ammonium thiosulphate, (NH4)2S203
Very deliquescent Very sol in H20
Not deliquescent (Fock and Kluss, B

1889, 22 3099 )
Crystallises with VsH2O (Rammelsberg,

Pogg 66 298 ) Anhydrous (Arppe, A 96

113 )

Insol in alcohol (Arppe )

Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,

II 1014 )

Difficultly sol m acetone (Naumann B

1904, 37 4328 )

Ammonium cadmium thiosulphate.

3(NH4)2S203, CdS203+3H20
Can be recryst from warm H20 (Fock
and Kluss, B 23 1758)
+H20 (F and K )
(NH4)2S203, CdS2O3 (F and K )

Ammonium cuprous thiosulphate.

(NH4)2S203, Cu2S203+2H20

Less sol in H2O than 2(NH4)2S$03,
Cu2S203+lHH20 (Rosenheim and Stein-
hauser Z anorg 1900, 26 91 )

2(NH4)2S203, Cu2S208+lJiH20 Very
sol in H20 Insol m alcohol (Rosenheim
and Steinhauser )

Ammonium cuprous thiosulphate cuprous
iodide, 7(NH4)2S203, Cu2S208, 8CuI4-
4H20

Insol mH20 (Brun,C R 1892,114 668)
Could not be obtained (Rosenheim and
Steinhauser, Z anorg 1900, 25 107 )

Ammonium cuprous sodium thiosulphate
ammonia, 3Cu2S203, 4Na2S203,
(NH4)2S20S, 6NH3

Ppt When drv is fairly stable in the air
Partially decomp by H2O
Sol in dil H2S04 or acetic acid (Shmn,
J Am Chem Soc 1904, 26 948 )

Ammonium lead thiosulphate, 2(NH4)2S203,

PbS203+3H20

Easily and completely sol m cold H20, but
deposits PbS2Os by standing or wirmmg
(Rammelsberg, Pogg 56 312)

Ammonium magnesium thiosulphate.

rNH4)2Mg(S203)2+6H20

Very deliquescent, and bol in II2O (Ivtss-
ler, Pogg 74 283 )

Not deliquescent (Pock ind Kluss B
23 540)

Ammonium mercuric thiosulphate,

4(NH4)2S203, HgS203+21I20
Sol m ET2O, from which it is pu ( ipit itcd
>y alcohol J'xtrtincly cisily dc<oinp (R irn
nelsber^, Pogg 56 MS)

Ammonium potassium thiosulphate,

NH4KS203
Sol in II20 (luxk ind Kluss, H 23

Ammonium silver thiosulphate,
Ag2S203+*H20

Fasily sol in H2O Somewhat sol in alco-
10! (Herschel, tdmb Phil J 1 i<)S )

(NH4)sSiOj, Ag2S/)^+TH2O Nearly in-
10! m H2O, sol in NH4OH+ Aq, from which
t is repptd by an acid (Herschel )

THIOSULPHATE, BISMUTH POTASSIUM

1063

Ammonium, zinc thiosulphate,
, ZnS2OsH-E2O

Very sol in H2O (Rosenheim and David-
sohn, Z anorg 1904, 41 238 )

Ammonium thiosulphate ammonium cuprous
bromide, CuBr, NH^r, 4(NH4)2S203

Sol in H20 (Rosenheim, Z anorg 1900,
26 107)

The double salts of ammonium thiosul-
phate with silver and copper haloids are true
chemical compounds and may be recryst
from H20 without decomp (Rosenheim, Z
anorg 1900,25 100)

Ammonium thiosulphate atntnQTiiiin^ silver
bromide, AgBr, NEUBr, 4(NH4)2S205
Sol in H20 (Rosenheim )

Ammonium thiosulphate a,nrwflotxiiiTfl cuprous

chloride, CuCl, NH±C1, 4(NH4)2S208
Sol in H20 and in NH4OH4-Aq (Rosen-
heun )

Ammonium thiosulphate ammonium silver

chloride, AgCl, NH4C1, 4(NH4)2S2OS
Sol in cold H20 and NH4OH-j-Aq
Decomp by boiling with H2O ana by dil

acids (Rosenheim )

Ammonium thiosulphate ^ypmoTntim cuprous
cyanide

Composition not constant (Rosenheim )

Ammonium thiosulphate afnrr^QijittTn silver
cyanide

Composition not constant (Rosenheim )

Ammonium thiosulphate aTTirnxynirijTn cuprous

iodide, Cul, NH4I, 4(NH4)2S2O3
Sol in H/) (Rosenheim )

Ammonium thiosulphate ammonium cuprous

iodide, 4(NH4)2S2Os, NH4I, Cul
Very sol in H20 Decomp by boiling
(Brun, C K 1S92, 114 (>(>8 )

Ammonium thiosulphate ammonium silver

iodide, Agl, NHJ, 4(NH4)2S208
Sol in H2O (Hoscnhcim )

Ammonium thiosulphate ammonium cuprous
sulphocyamde, CuSCN, NH4SCN,
4(NH4)2S203
Sol in H2O (Rosenheim )

Ammonium thiosulphate ammonium silver
sulphocyamde, AgSCN, NH^CN,
4(NH4)2S208
Sol in H20 (Rosenheim )

Ammonium thiosulphate cuprous iodide.
2CUI+H20

Insol in H2O (Brun, C R 1892, 114
668)

Could not be obtained (Rosenheun and
Stemhauser )

Barium thiosulpliate, BaSa08+H20

SI sol in H2O (Rose, Pogg 21 437 )

Insol in alcohol

1 pt cannot be dissolved in 2000 pts H2O
Sol in dil HCl+Aq without decomposition
(Herschel, 1819 )

Pptd from BaS203-|-Aq by dil alcohol
(Sobrero and Selmi, A ch (3) 28 211 )

Insol in acetone (JSTaumann, B 1904, 37
4329)

Barium bismuth thiosulphate, Baa[Bi(S2Oj)di
Sol in H2O with decomp (Hauser, Z
anorg 1903, 35 9 )

Barium cadmium thiosulphate, 2BaS2Of.
CdS208-f8H20

SI sol in H2O (Fock and Kliiss, B 23
1761)

3BaS2Os, CdS2O3+8H20 SI sol in H2O

Banum cuprous thiosulphate

Easily sol in hot, difficultly sol in cold
H2O (Cohen, Chem Soc 61 38 )

2BaS2O8, Cu2S208-f7H20 Nearly msol
in H2O (Vortmann, M 9 165 )

Banum gold thiosulphate

SI sol in H2O Insol in alcohol (Fordos
and Gelis )

Banum lead thiosulphate

Difficultly sol in H2O (Rammelsberg,
Pogg 56 313 )

Barium thiosulphate chloride, BaS2Os,

BaCl24-2H20
Sol m H2O (Fock and Kluss, B 23 3001 )

Bismuth caesium thiosulphate, Cs3Bi(S208)8

bol mH2O

Insol in alcohol (Hauser, Z anorg 1903,
35 8)

Bismuth potassium thiosulphate, K8Bi(S208)»

Solubility in H2O

100 cc of the sit solution contain 3 5 g
at 2°, 70 g at 1S° At 18° the solution
decomposes

More sol in Na2^O3+Aq than in pure
H2O

Insol in alcohol (Hauser, Z anorg 1903,

rt t* fr \

-hH20 Sol in H20 Insol in alcohol
(Carnot, C R 83 390 )

1064

THIOSULPHATJb,

K,UJ3iDlUM

Bismuth rubidium thiosulphate,
Rb8Bi(S208)8+J£H20

Sol mH20

Insol in acid alcohol (Hauser, Z anorg
1903,35 7)

+H2O Sol in H20 (Hauser, Z anorg
1903, 36 8 )

Bismuth sodium thiosulphate,

Very sol in H20, and also in alcohol
(Carnot, C R 83 338 )

Na3Bi(S208)3 Decomp by H20 Easily
sol in 50% alcohol (Hauser, Z anorg 1903,
36 3)

Cadmium thiosulphate, CdS208+2H20

Sol inH20 Insol in alcohol (Vortmann
andPadberg, B 22 2638)

Cadmium potassium thiosulphate, 3CdS208,
5K2S208

Cannot be recryst without deeomp * (Fock
and Kltiss, B 23 1753 )

CdS2O8, 3KifiW>i+2HiO Can be crystal-
lised from H20 without deeomp (F and K )

Cadmium sodium thiosulphate, CdS2O8,
3Na2S208+16H20

Not deliquescent Sol in H20 (Jochum,
C C 1886, 642 )

+9H20 (Vortmann and Padberg, B 22

-h3H20 Deliquescent (Fock and Kluss,
B 23 1157)

2CdS203, Na2S203+7H20 (V and P )
3CdS203, Na2S203+9H20 (V and P )

Cadmium strontium thiosulphate, CdS203,

SSrSiOa+lOHsO
(Fock and Kluss, B 23 1763 )

Caesium thiosulphate, Cs2S208

Easily sol m H20 (Chabrie*, C R 1901,
133 297)

-f-2H2O Very hydroscopic (J Meyer,
B 1907, 40 1360 )

Caesium cuprous thiosulphate, Cs2S208,

Easily sol m H20 with deeomp (J
Meyer, B 1907, 40 1361 )

Caesium lead thiosulphate, Cs2S2Os, PbS208
+2H20

Not hydroscopic

2Cs2S203, PbS203-f3H20 Hydroscopic
(J Meyer)

Csesium magnesium thiosulphate. Cs2S208f
MgS208+6H20 '

Easily sol in H20 (Meyer )

Caesium silver thiosulphate, 2Cs2S208,

Ag2S2O3-f3H20
Not hydroscopic
Decomp by hot H20 (J Meyer )

Calcium thiosulphate, CaS208+6H20

Sol in 1 pt H2O at 3°

Aqueous solution saturated at 10° has sp
gr 1 300 Solution with sp gr 1 11437 at
15 5° contains 0 2081 of its weight in CaS2O3

Decomp on heating Insol in alcohol
(sp gr 0 8234) (Herschel, A ch 14 355 )

100 g sat solution contains 29 4 g CaS208
at 9°, and 34 7 g CaS208 at 25° (JKremann
and Kodemund, M 1914, 36 1065 )

Solubility of CaS208+Na2S08 in H20

t°

NaaS203

CaSfos

Solid phase

9

0
11 04
25 21
31 01

29 4
22 64
15 84
7 70

CaS2Oj, 6H20

" +Na2S208, 5H20
Na2S203, 5H20

25

0
9 24
15 67
18 34
28 24
30 19
31 24
35 04

34 7
29 69
21 41
25 18
21 14
20 33
18 43
11 61

CaS208, 6H20
it

ti
ti
tt

" -fNa&Oa, 5H20
Na2S208, 5H20

u

(JKremann and Rodemund, M 1914,35 1065)

Calcium lead thiosulphate, 2CaS208. PbS203

+4H20
Decomp by H2O (Rammelsberg )

Calcium potassium thiosulphate, CaS203,

3IC2S208+5H20
So] in H2O (Fock and Klubs, B 24 3016 )

Calcium silver thiosulphate, 2CaS203, Ag2S203

Easily sol m H20; less sol in ikohol

Cab203, - <• ^ iHiO SI bol in 1I2(),

abundantly in i\il4OH-|-Aq (Jlcischtl,

1819 )

Calcium sodium thiosulphate nitrate.

CaNa3(S203)2N03 + 1 1H20
(Kremann and Rothemund, M 1914. 35
1065)

Cobaltous thiosulphate, CoS203-f-6H20

feol in H2O (llainmclbberg )

Cobaltous sodium thiosulphate. 2CoS2Oj,

5Na2S208+25H20

Efflorescent Sol in H2O (Jochum )
Could not be obtained by Vortmann and

Padberg

THIObULPHATE, CUPRJC SULPHIDE, CUPRIC SODIUM

1065

CoS2O3, 3Na2S2O3+15H20 Sol in H20
(Vortmann and Padberg, B 22 2641 )

Cuprous thiosulphate, Cu20, 3S202+2H20 -

Cu2H4(S208)2

SI sol mH20 Abundantly sol mNa2S203
+ Aq, NHiCl + Aq, NH4OH -f Aq, or
(NEW 2CO3 + Aq Sol in HC1 or HNO3 -f Aq
(v Hauer, W A B 13 443 )

Cuprous hydrazine thiosulphat

Cu2S208, (N2H4)2H2S20
Insol in H20, sol in NH4OH-|-Aq and in
dil acids (Ferratmi, C C 1912, 1 1281 )

Cupnc lead thiosulphate, Pb(CuS208)2
+3H20 (?)

Very sol in H20 and quickly decomp
(Girard, C C 1904, I 253 )

Cuprous mercurous thiosulphate, 5Cu2S3O8,
3Hg2S208

Insol or si sol in cold, decomp by boiling
H2O HNOs+Aq dissolves out Cu (Ran>-
melsberg, Pogg 56 319 )

Cuprous potassium thiosulphate, Cu2S2O8,

SI sol in H20, decomp on heating with
pptn of CuS Easily sol in K2S2O8+Aq
CKammelsberg, Pogg 66 321 )

Cu2S2O3; 2K2b203 Very sol in cold H20,
nsol in K2S2O3+Aq (Cohen, Chero Soc
51 39)

-f SF2O Scarcely sol in cold, sol with si
lecomp m hot H/) Sol in HCl-f-Aq with
evolution of fe02

Cu2S2O3, 3K2S203+3H20 More sol m
Fl 2O than Cu2b2()3, K2b2O3+2HoO Solution
s not decomp by boiling bol in excess of
N"H4OH-hAq (Rammelsberg )

Cuprous rubidium thiosulphate, Rb2S203.

Cu2S208+2H20

Ppt (J Meyer, B 1907,40 1357)
2Rb2S2O,,, Cii2b2O({+2H2O Ppt (J

VIeyer )

SRb^X),, Cu2S2(),+2H2O Ppt (J

VIeyer )

Cuprous silver sodium thiosulphate am-
monia, Cu2S208, 2Ag2S208, 5Na2S208,
6NH8

Ppt Becomes dark when exposed to light
3ecomp by HO bol in NH4OH+Aq
fehinn, J Arn Chem Soc 1904, 26 949 )

Cuprous sodium thiosulphate, 2Cu2S208.
7Na2S208+2H20

Ppt from aqueous solution by alcohol
Jochum, C C 1886 642)

+ 12H2O Sol in very dil HCl+Aq
Jochum )

Cu2S2O8, 3Na2S2O8+2H2O Sol in H2O,
nisol ui alcohol (Rammelsberg )

+6R20 (Jochum )

3Cu2S208, 2Na2S2O3+8H2O Decomp by
H2C (Vortmann )

H-5H20 (Lenz, A 40 99 ) Formula ac-
cording to Jochum is —

5Cu2S2O3, 4Na2S2O3-f-8H2O Insol m H2O
or alcohol Sol in HCl+Aq without evolu-
tion of SO2, also in dil H2SO4 or HNO3-hAq
Sol m NH4OH+Aq (Jochum )

-f 6H2O As above (Jochum )

Cu2S208, Na2S2O3-|-H2O Insol in H2O,
sol in Na2S2O8+Aq (Russell, Ch 7!tg 9
233)

4-2H20 Insol ni H20 and alcohol

Decomp by dil acids (Rosenheim and
Stemhauser, Z anorg 1900, 25 84 )

+2^H2O Sol in H2O Pptd by alcohol
(Bhadun.Z anorg 1898,17 1)

+3H2O Decomp by H2O (Vortmann.
M 1888, 9 168 )

3Cu2S208, 2Na2S203 (Gerard, C C 1904,
I 253)

+5H2O Sol in 352 pts H2O (Russell,
Ch Z 1885, 9 223 )
100 cc 5% Na2S2O8+Aq dissolve 12 28 g

" " 7 5% " " 17 46 g

" "10% " « 22 54 g

(Russell, Ch Z 1885, 9 223 )

4Cu2S2O3,
and alcohol

Insol mH2O

Decomp by dil acids (Rosenheim and
Stemhauser, 7 anorg 1900, 26 84 )

+9H2O Sol in H2O Pptd by alcohol
(Bhaduri, Z anorg 1898, 17 1 )

7Cu2S2Os, 5Na2S2O8+16H2O Decomp
by H2O and by alcohol (Bhidun, Z anorg
1898,17 1)

It is impossible to determine whether any
of these compds are complex or double salts
A.S a class they are not easily sol and decomp
in solution They may therefore be mixtures
whose comp depended upon the temp and
cone of the solution in which they were pptd
(Rosenheim, Z anorg 1900, 25 81 )

Cuprocupnc sodium thiosulphate ammonia,

Cu2S2O8, CuS2O8, 2Na2S208, 4NHa
Insol in, but decomp bv hot H2O Sol
in HC2H,O2+Aq Sol in NH4OH+Aq 01

Na2S203+Aq (Schutte, C It 42 U(V7 )

Cuprous sodium thiosulphate cuprous chlor-
ide, Cu2S2O8, 2Na2S2O8, 2CuCl

(Rosenheim and Stemhauser, Z anorg
1900,25 86)

Cupnc sodium thiosulphate cupnc sulphide,
CujSjO,, Na2S2O3, CuS+4H2O

SI sol m H2O, easily sol in Na2b2Oi+Aq,
and NH4OH+Aq. msol m alcohol (Lenz,
A 40 99 )

Cu2S2O3, Na^2O3, 2CuS Sol in H2O or
dil HCl+Aq (Kessel, B 11 1585 )

1066

THIOSULPHATE SODIUM CHLORIDE, CUPROUS SODIUM

Cuprous sodium thiosulphate sodium chlor-
ide, 3Cu2S208, 2Na2S203, 4NaCl+8H2O

Sol in Na2S203+Aq (Siewert, Zeit ges
JSTaturwiss 26 486 )

Ppt (Bhaduri, Z anorg 1898, 17 3 )

Cupnc thiosulphate ammonia, CuS2Os,
4NH3

100 pts H20 dissolve 21 79 pts at 25°
(Pudschies, Dissert)

Cuprocupnc thiosulphate ammonium chlor-
ide, Gu20, CuO, 3S202, 2NH4C1

Sol in HNOs+Aq with separation of S
(v Hauer, W A B 13 447 )

Glucrnum thiosulphate, G1S20S+11E20
(Faktor, C C 1901, II 878 )

Gold (aurous) hydrogen thiosulphate,

Au2S203, 3H2S20S

Known only in solution (Fordos and Gelis,
A ch (3) 13 394 )

Gold (aurous) sodium thiosulphate, Au2S208,
3Na2S2Os+4H20

Sol in H20, solution decomp on heating
Insol in absolute, si sol in dil alcohol
(Fordos and Gelis )

Au2S203, 6Na2S203+10H20 Very sol
~ TT ^ i. j. j__ ^y boiling (Jochum, C

sulphate, FeS208-f5H20

+^^^ \/"ery sol in H2O or alcohol
, Pogg 63 241 )

Aivu (.ferrous) sodium thiosulphate, FeS208,

Very sol in H2O, and easily decomp
(Vortmann and Padberg, B 22 2641 )

Lead thiosulphate, PbS208

£ Sol in 3266 pts H2O Sol in alkali thio-

sulphates +Aq (Ramnaelsberg. Pogg 56

308)

Lead lithium thiosulphate, PbS203, Li2S208

Very hydroscopic

Decomp by H2O with separation of PbS
(J Meyer, B 1907, 40 1355 )

Lead potassium thiosulphate, PbS2O3,
3K2S208+2H2O

Sol in H20 with partial separation of
PbS203 Sol in K2S2Oj+Aq (Rammels-
berg, Pogg 66 310 )

Lead rubidium thiosulphate, 2Rb2S208,
PbS208+2H2O

Difficultly sol m cold H2O
Decomp by H2O (J Meyer, B 1907,
40 1358)

Lead sodium thiosulphate, PbS20«, 2Na2S208

SI sol inH2O Very easily sol
and Na2S2O8-f-Aq (Lenz, A 40 98 )

Insol in alcohol

2PbS2O3, 5Na2S2O3+60H20 Easily de-
comp (Jochum, C C 1886 642 )

PbS203, 3NaoS2O3-f-12H20 Decomp in
boiling aqueous solution (Vortmann and
Padberg, B 22 2637)

Lead strontium thiosulphate

Sol in H2O Precipitated as a syrup by
alcohol (Rammelsberg )

Lithium thiosulphate, Li2S208+3H20

Very deliquescent, and sol in H2O and
absolute alcohol (iock and Kluss, B 22
3099)

Lithium silver thiosulphate, Li2S203, Ag2S20*

Hygroscopic

Decomp by boiling H20 and by acids
(Meyer and Eggelmg, B 1907,40 1355)

Magnesium thiosulphate, MgS208+6H20

Very easily sol in H2O Precipitated from
cone solution by alcohol (Rammelsberg,
Pogg 66 303)

Magnesium potassium thiosulphate,

. MgK2(S208)2+6H20

Deliquescent, and sol in H20 Less sol
thanK2S2O3 (Rammelsberg, Pogg 56 304)

Not deliquescent (Fock and Kluss, B
23 539)

Magnesium rubidium thiosulphate, MgS208,

Rb2S208+6H2O

Easily sol in H20 (Meyer B 1907, 40
1358)

Manganous thiosulphate, MnS203

Sol in H2O, from which it is pptd by

alcohol (Rammelsberg, Pogg 66 305 )
-j-5H2O Decomp very easily (Vort

maim and Padberg, B 322 2611 )

Mangaaous sodium thiosulphate, MnS208,

2Na2S203+16H2O

Sol in H2O Insol or but si sol in ah ohol
(Jochum, C C 1885 642 )

Mercuric potassium thiosulphate, 3HgS203,

5K2S203

Sol in 10 pts H2O at 15°, and y2 pt at
100° Aqueous solution decomp on stand
ing or heating

Insol in alcohlol (Kirchhoff, Scher J
30)

HgS203 3K2S203H-3H20 (Fock and
Kluss. B 24 1353)

, 5K2S203+H20 (F and K )

THIOSULPHATE, SILVER SODIUM

1067

Nickel thiosulphate, NiS208-f 6E2O

Permanent Sol in H20 (Rammelsberg.
Pogg 66 306)

Nickel sodium thiosulphate, 2NiS2O8,

5Na2S208-f-25H20
Efflorescent Sol in H20 (Jochum )

Nickel thiosulphate ammonia, NiS2O3, 4NH3

Decomp on air Sol in NH4OH+Aq
(Kammelsberg, Pogg 66 306)

NiS203, 5NH3-}-H2O (Ephraim, B 1913,
46 3108)

NiS203, 6NH3+3H20 (Vortmann and
Padberg, B 22 2641 )

Plataous sodium thiosulphate
See Platothiosulphate, sodium

Potassium thiosulphate, K2S2O8+Vs, 1,

l2/eH2O, and 2H20

Very deliquescent Very sol in H20 with
absorption of heat Solution is stable on the
air Insol in alcohol

100 pts H20 dissolve pts K2S2O3 at t°

t°

Pts
KaSaOs

Sohd phase

0

96 1

K2S203 2H20

17

150 5

3K2S203 5H20

20

155 4

C(

25

165 0

((

30

175 7

(I

35

202 4

3K2S2O3 5H2O+K2S2O3 H2O

40

204 7

K2S2O3H2O

45

208 7

<

50

215 2

cc

55

227 7

cc

60

2383

((

56 1

234 5

K2S2O3 H20-t-3R2S2O3 H2O

65

245 8

3K2b203 H20

70

255 2

tt

75

268 0

ft

78 3

292 0

3K2S2O3ir2O+K2S2O<$

80

293 1

K2S20,

85

298 5

a

90

312 0

n

(Inohiko Jo, Mem Coll »S< Kioto, 1911, 3
212)

Sol in dil HC 2 H3O 2 +Aq without decomp
(Mathieu-Plossy, C K 101 50 )

Insol in ethyl K ( t itc (C is iscc i C R
30 821 )

Potassium silver thiosulphate, 2K2S2O3,
Ag2S203

Sol m HiO (Cohen )

K2S,03, Ag2S203 bl sol in H2O (Her-
schel )

3K2S2O3, Ag2S2O3-f2H20 Rather si sol
in H2O (Rosenheim and Stemhauser, Z
anorg 1900, 26 76 )

SI sol in H2O (Rosenheim )

Potassium silver thiosulphate ammonia,
J£AgS203, 2NH8

Very si sol m H20 Easily sol in hot
NH4OH+Aq (Schwicker, B 22 1735)

5K2S208, 3Ag2S203, NH8 Difficultly sol
in H20 with decomp

Sol in hot NH4OH-f Aq with partial de-
comp (J Meyer, B 1907,40 1359)

Potassium sodium thiosulphate

(a) KNaS203+2H20 Very sol in H20
100 pts H20 dissolve 213 7 pts salt at 15°
(Schwicker, B 22 1733 )

(6) NaKS203+2H20 100 pts H20 dis-
solve 205 3 pts salt at 15° (Schwicker )

Potassium strontium thiosulphate. K2S203}

SrS208+5H2O
Sol in H20 (Fock and Kluss, B 24 3017 )

Potassium zinc thiosulphate, K2S208,

ZnS203+H20

Very sol m H20 (Rosenheim and David-
sohn, Z anorg 1904, 41 238 )

Potassium thiosulphate sodium chloride,

K2S208, NaCl
Sol m H20 (Pape, Pogg 139 238 )

Rubidium thiosulphate, Rb2S2034-2H20

Very hydroscopic, easily sol in H2O (J
Meyer, B 1907, 40 1356 )

Rubidium silver thiosulphate, 2Rb2S203;
Ag2S203+2H20

Ppt Not hydioscopic Difficultly sol in
cold H20 Decomp by warm H20 (J
Mever )

Rubidium silver thiosulphate ammonia,
Rb2S203, Ag2S203; NH3

Ppt (J Meyer)

3Rb2S2O3, 4Ag2S2O3, NH3 Ppt Decorap
in the air ( J Meyer )

Samarium thiosulphate

(Clcvc )

Scandium thiosulphate, basic, Sc(OH)S203
Ppt (H J Mcytr, Z anorg 1914, 86

282)

Silver thiosulphate, Ag2S203

SI sol in H/> Sol m NH4OH or alkali
thiobulphatcs+Aq (Hcrschel, Jdmb Phil
J 1 2(>)

Silver sodium thiosulphate, Ag2S2O8,
Na2S203+H20

bl sol in H2O Easily sol in NH4OH4-
Aq also in Na2S2O3-l-Aq to form—

Ag2fe203, 2Na2b2O3+2H2O 1^ wily sol in
H20 or NH4OH-l-Aq, somweh it sol m i\-

1068 THIOSTJLPHATE ACETYLIDE ACETYLENE, SILVER SODIUM

cohol, especially if warm or dilute (Lenz,

Solubility of anhydrous Na2S208 in H20 at t°

A 40 94)

Ag2S2O3, 6Na2S2O3-f 21H20 Sol in H2O

g Na SsOs per 100 g

oc urn,

Solution

HO

— < —

Silver sodium thiosulphate acetyhde acety-
lene, 2Na2S2O8, 7Ag2S208, 18Ag2C2,
32C2H2

40
45
50

67 40
67 60
67 76

206 70
208 60
210 20

Decomp by H20 Sol in NF4OH+Aq

55

68 15

214 00

Insol m alkalies (Bhaduri, Z anorg 1913,

60

68 48

217 30

79 356)

65

68 80

220 50

7Na2S208j 5Ag2S203, 86Ag2C2, 13C2H2
(Bhadun )

70
75

69 05
69 35

223 10
226 30

80

69 80

231 80

Silver sodium thiostilnhate ammonia.

JXTaAgSsOs,
Very unstable (Schwicker, B 22 1736 )

Silver strontium thiosulphate, Ag2S203,
SrS208

Nearly insol in H20 Very si sol in
SrS2O3+Aq, easily sol in NH4OH-f-Aq
(Herschel )

Sodium thiosulphate, Na2S20« and +1, 2

and 5H20
100 pts H20 dissolve

At 16°, 65 pts Na2S2O8
"20°, 69
"25°, 75
" Qn° QO

114
(Mulder )

dissolve at 0°. 476 pts
69 5 pts , at 405, 104 pts

100 pts
Na2S203, at 20

at 60°, 192 3 pts (Kremers, Pogg 99 50)
100 pts H2O dissolve 171 pts cryst

( = 108 9 pts anhydrous )salt at 19 5° to form

a solution of 1 3875 sp gr (Schiff. A 113

350)

By supersaturation 100 pts H20 may dis-

solve 217 4 pts Na2S2O3 at 0° (Kremers )

Solubility in H2O

t°

% NazS2O3

Solid phase

0

34 43

Na2S20?-f5H20

10

37 89

20

41 17

30

45 86

40

50 65

45

54 49

50

62 92

NaS20

+2H20

60

67 39

72

70 39

80 5

71 33

90 5

71 76

100

72 68

(Taylor, Proc Edinburgh Soc 1898, 22 49 )

(Young and Burke, J Am Chem Soc 1906,
28 327)

The solubility of the hydrates of Na2S2Ot
are exceedingly complicated There are five
groups of hydrates, (I) primary, (II) second-
ary, (III) tertiary, (IV) quaternary and (V),
quintary, and transitions occur between mem-
bers of the same and different groups
Na2S208+5H20(I) is the commercial thio-
sulphate The relations and solubihtv of the
various hydrates is shown in the following

muie

Solubility of Na2S2O3 in H20 at t°

I Primary hydrates

g NaaSaOa per

t°

100 g

Solid phase

Solution

H.O

0

33 40

50 15

KTa&Oa, 5H20(I)

5

35 33

54 64

«

10

37 37

59 69

It

15

39 11

64 22

I

20

41 20

70 07

(

25

43 15

75 90

30

45 19

82 45

35

47 71

91 24

40

50 83

105 37

45

55 33

123 87

48 17

" H-NaSOi, 2FTOU)

0

52 73

111 60

NaaSjOs, 2H20(I)

5

53 45

114 90

(

10

53 94

117 10

20

55 15

122 68

25

56 03

127 43

30

57 13

133 27

40

59 38

146 20

45

60 73

154 70

50

62 28

165 11

55

63 85

176 60

60

65 68

191 30

65

68 04

212 90

66 5

" +Na2S203

., bOJDIUM

Solubihty of Na2S2O8 in H20 at t° —
Continued
II Secondary hydrates

Solubihty of Na2S208 in HoO at t° —
Continued

IV Quaternary hydrate

t°

g Na SaOa per
100 g

Solid phase

t°

g NasSaOs per
100 g

Solid phase

Solu
tion

H2O

Solu
tion

H20

0
5
10
15

20
25
30
30 22

11 96
13 56
15 25
17 27
19 38
52 15
56 57

72 30
77 17
82 65
89 36
97 55
108 98
130 26

NaiSsO«>c5E.O(II)
tt

tt
tt

" Na2S208, 4H20(II)

0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
58

57 63
58 08
58 49
59 00
59 57
50 35
61 03
61 94
62 95
64 22
65 45
67 07

136 00
138 60
140 90
143 90
147 30
152 30
156 60
162 80
169 90
179 50
189 50
203 70

Na2S208,V8H20(IV)

it
it
tt
tt
tt

tc
tt
tc

et "i-lN&y&sQa

33 5
36 2

38 6
40 65

58 59
60 51
62 80

141 48
153 23
168 82

NaiS«Oi,(4H>0(ID
" +Na2S208, HiOOD

0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
56 5

60 47
60 74
61 04
61 57
62 11
62 73
63 56
64 32
65 22
66 02
66 82
67 90

153 00
154 70
156 70
160 20
163 90
168 30
174 40
180 20
187 60
194 30
201 40
211 50

Na2S2O8,^H20(lI)

tt
t

t

tt
" +Na2S208

V Quintary hydrates

0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
27 5

57 63
58 23
59 05
60 02
61 02
62 30
63 56
65 27

136 00
139 40
144 20
150 10
156 50
165 30
174 40
188 00

Na2S2Os, 2H20(V)
t<

tt

tt
tt

tt
tt

" +Na*S,Ot) H,0(V)

30
35
40
45
50
55
43

63 34
64 07
64 75
65 58
66 58
67 59

172 80
178 40
183 70
190 50
199 20
208 50

Na2S20J/(H20(V)

ft

ft

tc

"+Na2S208, V»H>0(V)

III Tertiary hydrates

0

5
10
13
14 35
14 3

46 14

48 44
51 66
54 96

85 67

93 95
106 80
122 00

Na2S208, 6H20 (III and

IV> „

tt
ft

"+Na2S203, 4/*H20(IV
"+Na2S203, 3/2H20(lII

25
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
70

64 21
64 60
64 9S
65 61
66 02
66 57
67 4C
68 24
69 06

179 4C
182 5C
185 6C
190 85
5 194 3C
r!99 1C
)206 7C
^214 9C
>

Na2S203, ^H20(V)
"
) "

: et
) "
) "
) "
) l't

" Na2S2Os

0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
47 5
48 5

57 42
57 84
58 28
5S 80
59 28
60 18
60 78
61 57
62 60
63 97
64 6£

134 80
137 20
139 70
142 70
145 60
151 10
155 00
160 2C
167 4C
177 5C
183 OC

Na2S/)3, /2H20(III)
" -f-Na2S208, H20(III

(Young and Burke, J Am Chem Soc 1906,
28 321)

Heat is absorbed bv dissolving in H2O
110 pts Na2S203+5H2O-f 100 pts H2O
lower temp from 10 7° to 8° (RudorPf, B
8 68 )
+ J^H20 (Young and Burke, J Am
Chem Soc 1906, 28 321 )
+H20
4-4/3H20 (Young and Burke )
+3/2H20 (Young and Burke )

47 5
50
52 5
55
60
63

64 7£
65 3(
65 8<
66 4,
68 0'

J 183 9(
3 188 2(
3 193 2(
5 198 1(
f213 1(

3 Na2S208, H20(III)
3
3
3
i {t
" 4-Na2S208

1072

THORIUM HYDROXIDE

Thonum hydroxide, Th(OH)4

Insol in H20

Sol in acids, except oxalic, molybdic, an
hydrofluoric acids

Insol in alkali hydroxides, but easily so]
in alkali carbonates -fAq More sol
NH4OH+(NH4)2C03-fAqthanin (NH4)2CO
-fAq alone (Berzehus ) Not pptd u
presence of tartanc and citric acids (Chyde-
mus, Pogg 119 43 )

4ThO2 H2O Insol in water and acids a
boiling temp

Thonum hydroxybxomide, Th(OH)2Br2+

11H20

Sol in alcohol (Rosenheim, B 1900, 33
979)

Thonum hydroxychlonde, (OH)ThCl«+
11H20

Sol in alcohol (Rosenheun, B 1900, 33
978)

Th(OH)2Cl2+5H20 Slowly takes up H2O
from the air

Sol in H20 without decomp

Sol in alcohol Pptd from solution in
alcohol by ether (Rosenheim, Z anorg
1903, 35 425 )

-f8H20 Hydroscopic, sol in alcohol
(Rosenheim, B 1900, 33 978 )

Thonum hydroxyiodide, Th(OH)I8-f 10H20

Evolves iodine in the light (Rosenheim,
Z anorg 1903,35 430)

Thonum iodide

Sol in H20

Thonum nitride, ThjN*

Decomp by H20 (Matignon, C R 1901,
132 37)

Thonum oxide, Th02

When ignited is msol in HC1, and HNO3 .
Aq Sol m H2SO4 by heating to boiling and
subsequent addition of H20 Insol in alkali
hydrates or carbonates -fAq

Thonum wefoxide, Th306+H20

SI sol in HC1 (Locke, Z anorg 1894, 7
348)

+2H20 Loses 1 H2O at 100° Sol m
H20, msol m NH4OH+Aq (Locke )

M etathonum oxide

Sol m H2O after having been treated v ith
cone HNOa or HCl+Aq, even if previously
ignited

Th02, zTh(OH)4 Compare Th3O6 (Locke)
(Stevens, Z anorg 1901, 27 42 )

Thonum peroxide, Th207
Precipitate (Cleve, C R 100 605 )

Thorium oxychlonde

Decomp by H20 into ThCl4 and ThO8

ThOCl2 Sol in H2O

Insol in abs alcohol (Matignon. A ch
1907, (8) 10 133 )

+3H20

+5H20 (Matignon, A ch 1907. (8) 10
135)

Afetothonum oxychlonde, Th02, r

Hydroscopic, sol in H20, msol in abs
alcohol (Stevens, Z anorg 1901, 27 47)

Thorium oxyfluonde, ThOF2

Insol m H20

Sol m. H2SO4 with decomp (Chauvenet,
C R 1908, 146 974 )

Thorium oxysulphide, ThS2, 2Th02
(Chydenms )

Thorium phosphide

Insol in H2O (Berzelms )

Thonum siliade, ThSi2

Sol m aq mm acids, msol in aq alkalies
Decomp by fusion with NaOH or KOH
(Homgschmid, C R 1906, 142 158 )

Thonum sulphide, ThS2

Insol m warm H2SO4 Very slightly at-
tacked by HNO3 or HCl+Aq Sol in hot
aqua regia (Berzelms )

Thoromolybdic acid

Ammonium thoromolybdate,

(NH4)8Th(Mo207)fl+8H20

Insol in H20, sol m dil acids (Barbieri,
A 1913 372 4 }

(NH4)6H2Th(Mo207)6+llH20 Insol m
H2O, sol in dil acids (Barbieri)

Silver thoromolybdate, Ag8Th(Mo207)6

Insol m H2O, si sol m HN03+Aq, but
learly msol in presence of AgN03 (Bar-
Men )

Sodium thoromolybdate, Na8Th(Mo/)7)6-|-
15H20

Insol in H2O, sol in dil acids (Barbieri )
Na6H2Th(Mo207)6 + 17H20 Insol m H20 ,
ol m dil acids (Barbieri )

Thulium, Tm

Thulium chloride, Tm2Cl6+14H20

Very sol in H20 and in alcohol (James,
Am Chem Soc 1911, 33 1342 )

Thuhum hydroxide

Easily sol in dil acids (James, J Am
:hem Soc 1911,33 1342)

TIN BROMIDE, BASIC

1073

diulium oxide, Tm208
Slowly sol in hot cone acids
Am Chem Soc 1911, 33 1342 )

(James,

Fin, Sn

Insol in H20 Tin is not atacked by dis-
illed H20 when air is passed through it for a

Slowly sol in dil cold HCl-f-Aq, but
apidly sol if hot and cone Slowly sol in
10 1 dil H2S04+Aq, but decomp by hot
one H2S04

Readily sol in cold aqua regia Attacked
violently by cone HN08+Aq with pptn of
fcxO2 Completely sol in dil cold HN08+
*LQ (1 pt HNOs 1 pt H20) at 22° (Hay,
3 N 22 298 ) Not attacked by pure cone
33STO8+Aq of 1512-1419 sp gr, but vio-
ently attacked by less cone acid Also at-
,acked by most cone acid if it contains N02
Millon, A ch (3) 6 95 )

If Sn is placed in dil HN034-Aq of 1 15 sp
p: it is si dissolved, but soon pptd again as
3nO2 Ifasmallamt of NH4C1 is added, the
3n remains permanently m solution, HCl-h
^.q has a similar action (Ordway, Am J
3ci (2) 23 220 ) Easily sol in the cold in
mxture of 1 vol H2SO4, 2 vols HNO3, and 3
rols H2O (Basset, C N 63 172 )

HNOs+Aq containing less than 12% HN08
ittacks Sn and forms a stannous salt, which
ie composes, giving a turbid solution HN03
H-Aq (12-45% HNO3) completely dissolves
3n, but solution becomes turbid on standing
iNOs+Aq containing more than 45% HNO3
ioes not dissolve Sn, but forms a white sub-
itance, which is sol in H2O if over 70% acid
s used, this solution soon becomes turbid
Montemartmi, Gazz ch it 22 38 i )

Sn dissolves in HN03+Aq at low temps
O~21°) When very dil HNO8+Aq (14%
zINOa) is used, the amount of stannous salt
ormed decreases only slightly with increase
>f temp while with 30-40% acid it falls to
ero at 21° (Walker, J Soc Chem Ind
L893 845;

In presence of Fe, Cr or Al, HN08-fAq
icts on Sn to form soluble products, from
vlaich cone HNO3 ppts all Sn as meta-
rbanmc acid (van 1 eent, C C 1899 I 101 )

Much more sol in acids when small quanti-
ties of metallic salts have been added This
s most noticeable when PtCl4 or tartar emetic
s added to HCl+Aq HCl+Aq with tartar
srnetic exerts 11 times, and with PtCU 13
imes the action exhibited by pure acid
Millon, C K 21 47 )

Sol m 2N HClO3-l-Aq (Hendrixson, J
<Vm Chem Soc 1901,26 755)

Pyrosulphuric acid dissolves Sn on warm-
ng (Divers, Chem Soc 1885,47 639)

Hot telluric acid attacks Sn (Hutchms,
J Am Chem Soc 1905,27 1183)

Sn is attacked by 17% HN8-f Aq (Cur-
bius and Rissom, J pr 1898, (2) 68 299 )

Sol m a solution of Na in liquid NH8

(Kraus, J Am Chem Soc 1907, 29 1562 )

Insol in liquid NH8 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898,20 830)

Sol in boiling alum-f-Aq (1 pt alum to 4
pts H20)

Sol inKHS08, NH4C1 (1 4), and KaC^O*
•fAq SI sol in KCuHaOjj+Aq, but not at-
tacked by MgSO4, K2SO4, KN03, or Na2SO4
•fAq (Cludius, J pr 9 161 )

Sol in alkklies-fAq

Attacked easily by cone NaCl, KC1, or
EUNOa+Aq, not attacked by NH4Cl+Aq
(HaUock, Am Ch J 6 52 )

Sol in Fe(N08)8+Aq in presence of HNOs
4-Aq m proportion of 1 atom Sn to 1 atom Fe
(Lepez and Storch, W A B 98, 2b 268 )

Solubihty m dil saline solutions

100 com H2O containing 0 5 g NaCl or
KC1 dissolve 6 mg Sn from 11 8 sq cm in one
week when air without CO2 is passed through
the solution, but none at all when the air con-
tains C02

100 com H2O containing 1 g NH4C1 dis-
solve 5 mg Sn under above conditions with-
out C02, and none with CO2

With 1 g MgCl2, 1 mg Sn was dissolved
without C02, and none wijbh CO2

With 1 g K2S04, 2 mg Sn were dissolved
without C02, and none with C02

With 1 g KN03, 3 mg Sn were dissolved
without C02, and 1 mg with C02

With 1 g Na2C08, 7 mg Sn were dissolved
without CO2

With 1 g NaOH, 220 mg Sn were dis-
solved without CO2

CaO2H2-hAq did not dissolve (Wagner,
Dmgl 221 260)

Not attacked by sugar+Aq (Klein, C R
102 1170)

3^ com oleic acid dissolves 00134 g Sn
m 6 days (Gates, J phys Chem 1911, 15
143)

Tin aatunomde, SnSb

(Stead, J Soc Chem Ind 1897, 16 205 )

Tin arsenide, Sn8As2

(Stead, J Soc Chem Ind 1897, 16 206 )

Tin (stannous) bromide, SnBr2

Sol in H20

Sol in pyridme (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4609)

Mol weight determined in pyridme and
ethyl sulphide (Werner, Z anorg 1897, 16
23)

Tin (stannic) bromide, basic, SrBr8OH4-
3H2O

Sol in H20 Decomp in aq solution when
warmed

Sol in ether, methyl alcohol ethyl alcohol,
acetone, acetic acid and esters of organic
acids Nearly msol in benzene, ligroin and
CHCls (Pfeiffer, Z anorg 1914, 87 242 )

1074

TIN BROMIDE

Tin (stannic) bromide, SnBr4
Deliquescent Sol in H20 without evolu-
tion of heat (Balard )
Decomp by H2O much more quickly than
SnCl4 (Lorenz, Z anorg 1895, 9 378 )
Easily sol in AsBrs (Walden, Z anorg
1902, 29 374 ), PC13, PBr3 and S2C12 (Wal-
den, Z anorg 1900, 26 217 )
Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4328)
-f 4H2O (Preis and Raymann, C C 1882
773)

Stannic hydrogen bromide, SnBr4, 2HBr
See Bromostanmc acid.

Stannic bromide with MBr
See Bromostannate, M

Solubility of SnCl2 in HCl+Aq

% molecules SnCl2 in miUigrai
10 com solution, HCl = molecule
milligrammes in ditto, H2O = ai
present in grammes

SnCl2

2 "

oarnes ir
sHClir
oat H2C

SnCl2
2

HCl

Sum of
equiv

of solu-
tion

HjO

74
66 7
63 75
68 4
81 2
94 2
117 6
147 6
156 4
157

0
6 6
13 54
24 &
34 9
40 0
44
49 4
66
78

74
73 3
77-29
93 2
116 1
134 2
161 6
197 0
222 4
235

1 532
1 489
1 472
1 524
1 625
1 724
1 883
2 114
2 190
2 199

8 33
8 35
8 198
7 869
7 305
6 880
6 108
5 387
4 715
4 309

(Bes-

Tin (stannic) bromochlonde, SnClBrs
Fumes m moist air, decomp byH20

son, C R 1897, 124 685 )

SnClaBrjj Fumes in moist air Decomp by

H2O (Besson )

SnClsBr Fumes m moist air Decomp by

H2O (Besson )

toiodide,

Decomp in aq solution

(Lenormand, C C 1899, II 521,
. 1899, 10 114 )

(stannous) chloride, SnCl2, and -f 2H20
Not deliquescent 100 pts H20 dissolve
83 9 pts SnCl2 at 0° (Engel, A ch (6) 17
347 ) 100 pts H2O dissolve 269 8 pts SnCl2
at 15°, and sat solution has sp gr 1 827
(Michel and Krafft, A ch (3) 41 478 ) Sol
in a certain amount of H20 without decomp ,
but more H2O causes pptn of SnO, SnCl2
SnCl2+Aq absorbs O from air
Melts m crystal H2O at 46° (Ordway )
Sat solution boils at 121 7°
Sp gr of SnCl2-|-Aq at 15° containing
5 10 15 20 %SnCl2+2H20,
1 0331 1 0684 1 1050 1 1442

25 30 35 40 % SnCl2 +2H20,
1 1855 1 2300 1 2779 1 3298

45 50 55 60 % SnCl2-f 2H20,
13850 14451 15106 15823

65 70 75 % SnCl2-h 2H20
1 6598 1 7452 1 8399

(Gerlach, Dingl 186 131)

(Engel, A ch (6) 17 347 )

Solubility is thus diminished by HCl+Aq
while there are less than 8-10 mols HCl f 01
1 mol SnCl2 When that limit is passed the
solubility rapidly increases (Engel )

Sol in very chl HCl or tartanc acid +Aq
Sol mKOH+Aq Sol m cone SnOCl2+Aq
(Gerlach ) Sol in NH4CH-Aq

Anhydrous SnCl2 is partially sol m liquid
NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J 1898, 20 830 )

Sol in absolute alcohol Insol m oil oi
turpentine

11 41 pts SnCl2 are sol in 100 pts ether at
0°

11 38 pts SnCl2 are sol in 100 pts ether
at 16°

11 38 pts SnCl2 are sol in 100 pts ether at
35 5° (Laszczynski, B 1894, 27 2286 )

Anhydrous SnCl2 is sol m ether (de
Jong, Z anal 1902,41 596)

1 g anhydrous SnCl2 is sol in 1 8 g acetone
at 18° Sp gr of sat solution 18°/4° = 1 6
(Naumann, B 1904, 37 433b )

Sol m acetone and in me thy la 1 (Eid
mann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Anhydrous SnCl2 is sol m methyl acetate
to the extent of 15 7% (Schroder and
Sterner, J pr 1909, (2) 79 63 )

31 20 pts SnCl2H-2H20 are bol m 100 pts
ethyl acetate at — 2°

35 53 pts SnCl2+2H20 are sol in 100 pts
ethyl acetate at -f 22°

73 44 pts SnCl2+2H20 are sol in 100 pts
ethyl acetate at 82° (Laszczynski, B 1894,
27 2286)

1 pt anhydrous SnCla is sol m 22 40 pts
ethyl acetate at 18° D18°/4°=:0 9215
(Naumann, B 1910, 43 319 )

Insol in ethyl ammo (bhmn, J ph}s
Ch 1907 11 538), pyridme (Naumann,
B 1904, 37 4609), benzonitrile (Naumann,
B 1914, 47 1369 )

TIN CHLORIDE

1075

Insol m C$2 (Arctowski, Z anorg 1894
6 257)

Sol m urethane (Castoro, Z anorg 1899
20 61)

Mol weight determined in pyridme
ethyl sulphide (Werner. Z anorg ]
15 22)

Tin (stannic) chloride, basic, SnCl3OH+3H20

Hydroscopic

Sol m H20

Sol in ether, alcohol, acetone, acetic acid
Nearly msol in hgrom and benzene (Pfeiffe
Z anorg, 1914, 87 241 )

Tin (stannic) chloride, SnCl4

(a) Ordinary modification — Deliquescent
Sol in H2O On diluting SnCl4+Aq and
boiling, Sn02 separates out SnOl4+Aq is
not pptd by HN03, HC1, or H2SO4+Aq
HsPO4+Aq ppts in a few days, and H8As04-f-
.Aq in a short time No ppt is formed b\
K«SO4| Na2S04, KC1, NaCl, NH4C1, KN08
etc + Aq

Sp gr of SnCl4+Aq at 15°

Sol in S2C12 (Walden, Z anorg 1900, 26
217 )

Easily sol in PC13 and PBr3 (Walden,
Z anorg 1900, 25 211 )

Very sol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch
J 1899, 20 830 )

Ver> sol in absolute alcohol, from which
it is pptd by H2O Easily sol m ether, de-
comp by oil of turpentine Miscible with
CS2 and Br2

Sol m acetone (Naumann. B 1904, 37
4328)

Sol in acetone and in methylal (Eid-
mann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Sol in ethyl acetone (Naumann. B 1904,
37 3601)

Distribution of SnCU between H2O and
xylene

n=pts by wt of Cl in 100 pts of H2O
layer

m=pts by wt of Cl in 100 pts of xylene
layer

k = partition coefficient

50 cc xylene +60 g SnCU 5H2O

- £ '

%

...,_.,

t°

n

m

k

H?6B[Jo

Sp gr

+5H20

Sp gr

-f-5H20

Sp gr

66°

40 35

0 08

504 4

QAO

OQ QK

f) 17^

2

1 012

34

1 226

66

1 538

97 5°

40 24

0 33

122 1

4

1 024

36

1 242

68

1 563

111°

40 27

0 68

59 3

i n^fi

OO

1 25Q

*7C\

1 ^52*7

8

1 048

40

1 276

72

1 614

(Smirnoff, Z phys Ch 1907, 68 377 )

10

1 059

42

1 293

74

1 641

12

1 072

44

1 310

76

1 669

50 cc xylene+60 g SnCl4 4H20 A

14

1 084

46

1 329

7"

1 698

16

1 097

4S

I 347

80

1 727

t°

n

m

k

18
20
22
24
26

1 110
1 124
1 137
1 151
1 165

50
52
54

5f>
58

1 366
1 386
1 40b
1 426
1 447

82
84
86
88
90

1 759
1 791
1 824
1 859
1 894

66°
80°
100°
111°

41 905
41 915
41 845
41 68

0 925
1 555
2 515
3 235

45 3
27 0

16 7
12 9

28
30

1 ISO
1 105

00

1 468
1 491

92
94

1 932
1 069

(Smirnoff )

32

1 210

(>4

1 514

95

1 988

50 cc xylene H-60 g SnCU 3H20

(Urluh Dins! 178 49)

t

n

m

k

Sp gr ofSnC!4+Aq

SO0

43 205

9 95

4 4

I>eg

% Sn

Dog

Buuin^

'/< s»

Deg

A ^

94°
100°

42 545
42 645

9 325

10 56

4 6
5 1

111°

42 31

10 03

4 2

OO A K.

cr

1 A QA

65

AV 45

29 12

OO

54

24 02

33

14 yu
14 45

(Smirnoff )

64

28 64

53

23 56

32

14 00

63
62

28 17
27 70

52

51

23 11
22 65

31
30

13 56
13 11

4- 2H2O Sol m H20
-f 3H20 Tr pt 83° (Meyerhoffer, Bull

61
60
59

58
57
56

27 24
26 77
26 30
25 84
25 38
24 93

50
49
48
47
46

22 20
21 74
21 29
20 83
20 38

29
28
27
26
25

12 67
12 23
11 79
11 35
10 91

Soc 1891 (3) 6, 85 )
4-4H2O Tr pt 63° (Meyerhoffer)
-j-5H2O Very deliquescent, and sol m
H2O Decomp by alcohol bol in HCl+Aq
Tr pt 56° (Meyerhoffer)
+8H2O More deliquescent than the 5H2O

alt Tr pt 19° (Meyerhoffer)

(Heermann, Ch Z 1907, 31 680 )

+9H20 (Nollner, Z Ch 1866 45 )

1076

TIN HYDROGEN CHLORIDE

(6) Metastanmc Monde — Sol in cold H20,
solution coagulates on boiling Cone HCl-f
Aq ppts from SnOU+Aq When solution
does not contain HC1, the addition of HCl-f
Aq causes a ppt , which dissolves in H20
HNO3, and H2S04-f Aq also ppt K2S04,
Na2SO4, and NaCl+Aq produce ppts msol
in HJ3, but sol in HCl+Aq NH4C1 or
KCl+Aq do not ppt KN03+Aq ppts
slowly (Rose )

Tin (stannous) hydrogen chlonde, SnCl2,

HCl+SHiO
Decomp by H2O
Melts at -25° (Engel, C R 106 1398 )

Tin (stannic) hydrogen chlonde
See Chlorostanmc acid

Tin (stannous) hydrazine chlonde, SnCl2,
2N2H4, HC1

Very hydroscopic

Sol in H20 and abs alcohol (Curtms J
pr 1894, (2) 60 341 )

Tin (stannic) chloride with MCI
See Chlorostannate, M

Tin (stannous) chlonde ammonia, SnCl2,
NH3

(Berzehus )

SnCl2, 4NHS Ppt (Naumann B 1904,
37 433b)

Tni (stannic) chlonde ammonia,
2NH8

Sol in cold H20 without decomp , but
decomposes by heating

Tin (stannous) chlonde arsenate
See Arsenate chlonde, stannous

Tin (stannic) chlonde cyanhydnc acid, SnCl4,
2HCN

Decomp on moist air or with H20 (Klein,
A 74 85)

Tin (stannous) chlonde hydrazine, SnCl2,
2N2H4

Decomp by H2O

Insol m NH4OH+Aq (Franzen, Z
anorg 1908, 60 286 )

Tin (stannic) chlonde nitrogen sulphide,

SnCl4,2N4S4
Insol in most solvents
Decomp by warm NH4OH+Aq
Decomposes in the air (Wolblmg, Z

anorg 1908, 57 284 )
Decomp by H20 (Davis, Chem Soc,

1906, 89 1576 )

Tin (stannic) chlonde phosphine,

2PH3
Decomp by H20 (Rose, Pogg 24 159 )

Tin (stannous) chlonde potassium stannous

sulphate

See Sulphate, potassium stannous stannous
chlonde

Tin (stannic) chlonde sulphur

SnCU, 2SCU

Very hygroscopic

Sol in CHCls, ligroin, petroleum ether,
CS2, POCla, very sol in completely dry
absolute ether, in benzene, acetacetic ester
and in SC12 (feuff, B 1904, 37 4517 )

Tin (stannic) chlonde sulphide, SSnCU, SnS2
See Stannic sulphochlonde

Tni (stannic) chlorobromide, SnClBrs

Decomp by H20 (Ladenburg, A suppl
8 60)

SnCl2Br2 Decomp by H20 (Laden-
burg)

Tin (stannous) chloroiodide, SnClI

Decomp immediately by H20 (Henry,
Phil Trans 1845 363 )

Tin (stannic) chloroiodide, SrCl2l2

Fumes in the air

Decomp by H20 (Lenormand, J Pharm
1898 8)

SnCHa (Lenormand, J Pharm 1899, 10
114)

Tin (stannous) fluonde, SnF2
Easily sol m H20 (Berzehus, Pogg 1 34 )

Tin (stannic) fluonde, SnF4

Very hydroscopic

Sol in H20 Slowly decomp m aq solu-
tion with separation of Sn02 (Ruff, B 1{)()4,
37 681)

Tin (stannic) fluonde with MF
See Fluostannate, M

Tin (stannous) hydroxide, 2SnO, H2O

Decomp to SnO when boiled with II 2O
More easily sol m acids than Sn or bn(>
Sol in NaOH, and KOH+Aq, even when
dil Insol or very si sol m NH4OH.
(NH4)2C03, and K2CO3-fAq, sol in cold
CaO2H2, and Ba02H2 with decomposition
on boiling (Fremy, A ch (3) 12 460 ) Only
si sol in NH4Cl+Aq hot or cold (Brett )
SI sol mNaC2H302+Aq (Mercer)

TINT IODIDE

1077

Solubility in NaOH+Aq

G Na m 20 ccm

G Sn in 20 ccm

0 2480
0 3680
0 6394
0 8326
0 9661
2 1234

0 1904
0 2614
0 4304
0 5560
0 7849
1 8934

ol in H2SO4 even when cone , msol in HC1
ut changed by contact with the acid in
lat when the acid has been removed the
pt is readily sol in H2O, though pptd
sain from solution by addition of HC1
When freshly prepared the "p" form is sol
L NaOH-f-Aq but is pptd by an excess of

(Rubenbauer, Z anorg H902, 30 335 )

Not pptd in presence of Na citrate

Spiller )

Sol in water-glass +Aq (Ordway)
SnO2H2 Solubility in 1 1 H2O =

> OO00135 g mol at 25° (Goldschmidt, Z

»hys Ch 1906, 56 389 )

^m hydroxide, SnO, 6Sn02+5H20
-f-9H2O (Schiff, A 120 153

^m sesqu-ihydroxide, Sn2O3, xEzO

Insol in H20 Sol m NH4OH+Aq
Fuchs, J pr 5 318 )

in (stannic) hydroxide
" a" modification

Obtained by pptn by alkali in stannic
hloride solution

Freshly pptd substance when air dried
ontams 73 5% H2O, when dried over H2SO4
r in a vaccum for 1 month 12 6% H2O
leated to glowing loses all H2O and passes
ato the anhydride 1 he " a " form is capable
f existing in all degrees of hydration (Lorenz,
r anorg 1895, 9 372-375 )

"a" stannic hydrate is a white amor-
>hous substance which is very sal in HNO
7-h.en moist, sol in H2SO4 even dil , sol i
£C1 and not pptd by an excess Very sol
i NaOH-hAq irid is not pptd by an
xcess

A solution of a st innic acid in HC1 is iden-
ical with a solution of frt&hly prep ired ique-
us stannic chloride and gives no ppt with dil
IC1, H2SO4, HNOi or arsenic loid even on
>ng btandme;

" P" modification

Obtained by oxiiing md dissolving Sn in
IJSTOa, arid froin solution of sodium stannate
y pptn Freshly pptd from HNO3 when ai
ned (onturib 21 5% HA and when dnec
ver H2SC>4 or in a vacuum 11 *%,— oorrc
ponding to bn(()H)4 arid bn()(OH)2 respec

A solution of "ft" stannic acid in HC1 be-
aves quite differently from an aq solution
f stannic chloride in that it ppts metas-
anmc sulphate when treated with H2S(>4

This ppt dissolves when heated with dilute

HN08 or HC1, but the solution on standing

pontaneously forms another ppt A solution

f "/3 ' stannic acid m HC1 gives a ppt

rhen treated with arsenic acid (Lorenz,

anorg 1895, 9 372 )

See also Stannic acid

jj reshly pptd fiom sodium stannate solu
ion and air dried contains 22 5% H2O an
rhen dried over H2SO4 or m a vacuum con
ams 12 1%, — corresponding to Sn(OH)4 an
nO(OH)2 Passes into the anhydride whe
eated to glowing

The "/S" form is capable of existing m al
egrees of hydration It is a white amor
hous substance which is msol in HN03, in

Tin hydroxyl chloride, SnO(OH)Cl
See Chlorostanxuc acid

Tin (stannous) iodide, SnI2, and +2H20

SI sol in cold, more abundantly in hot
H20, without decomp

Solubility in H2O

t°

Pts Snla in
100 pts
solution

t°

Pts Snlam
100 pts
solution

98 5
84 9
73 9
60 1
51 5
41 0
30 5
20 8

3 43
3 05
2 56
2 09
1 79
1 50
1 21
1 03

97 3
87 4
77 6
67 5
59 7
49 5
39 4
29 6
19 8

3 70
3 24
2 75
2 34
2 03
1 72
1 38
1 11
0 96

(Young, J Am Chem Soc 1897, 19 846 )

Solubility of SnI2 m HI-fAq at t°
Pts SnI2 per 100 pts solvent

t°

IB

§3

OS

I0

IB

Is

I3

8W

20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100

0 98
1 16
1 40
1 69
2 07
2 48
2 95
3 4b
4 03

0 20
0 23
0 33
0 46
0 66
0 91
1 23
1 65
2 23

0 60
0 64
0 71
0 82
1 11
1 37
1 83
2 40
3 63

1 81
1 81
1 90
2 12
2 51
2 92
3 70
4 08

5QO
06

4 20
4 06
4 12
4 34
4 78
5 43
6 38
7 82
9 60

10 86
10 28
10 Ob
10 35
11 03
11 97
13 30
15 52

25 31
23 46
23 15
23 76
24 64
25 72
27 23
>9 84
34 05

(Young, J Am Chem ISoc 11897, 19 851 )

1076

TIN HYDROGEN CHLORIDE

(6) Metastanmc Monde — Sol in cold H20,
solution coagulates on boiling Cone HCl-f
Aq ppts from SnQ4+Aq When solution
does not contain HCl, the addition of HC1+
Aq causes a ppt . which dissolves in H20
HN08, and H2SO4+Aq also ppt K2SO4,
Na2S04, and NaCl+Aq produce ppts, insol
m H,0, but sol in HCl-f-Aq NH4C1 or
KCl-hAq do not ppt KNO3-fAq ppts
slowly (Rose )

Tin ( stannous) hydrogen chloride,

HC1+3H20
Decomp byH2O
Melts at -25° (Engel, C R 106 1398 )

Tin (stannic) hydrogen chloride
See Chlorostanmc acid

Tin (stannous) hydrazine chlonde, SnCl2,
2N2H4, HC1

Very hydroscopic

Sol m H20 and abs alcohol (Curtius J
pr 1894, (2) 60 341 )

Tin (stannic) chlonde with MCI
See Chlorostannate, M

Tin (stannous) chlonde ammonia, SnCl2,
NH3

(Berzelius )

SnCla, 4NH3 Ppt (Naumann B 1904,
37 4336)

Tin (stannic) chloride ammonia, SnCL,

2NH3

Sol in cold H2O without decomp , but
decomposes by heating

Tin (stannous) chlonde arsenate
See Arsenate chlonde, stannous

Tin (stannic) chlonde cyanhydnc acid, SnCl4,
2HCN

Decomp on moist air or with H2O (Klem,
A 74 85)

Tin (stannous) chlonde hydrazine, SnCl2,
2N2H4

Decomp by H2O

Insol in NH4OH+Aq (Franzen, Z
anorg 1908, 60 286 )

Tin (stannic) chlonde nitrogen sulphide,

SnCl4, 2N4S4
Insol in most solvents
Decomp by warm NH4OH+Aq
Decomposes m the air (Wolblmg, Z

anorg 1908, 57 284 )
Decomp by H20 (Davis, Chem Soc,

1906,89 1576)

Tin (stannic) chlonde phosphine, 3SnCl4,

2PH3
Decomp by H2O (Rose, Pogg 24 159 )

Tin (stannous) chlonde potassium stannous

sulphate

See Sulphate, potassium stannous stannous
chlonde

Tin (stannic) chlonde sulphur fefrachlonde,
SnCl4, 2&C14

Very hygroscopic

Sol in CHC13, ligroin? petroleum ether,
CS2, POC13, very sol m completely dry
absolute ether, in benzene, acetacetic ester
and in SC12 (Ruff, B 1904, 37 4517 )

Tin (stannic) chlonde sulphide, 2SnCl4, SnS2
See Stannic sulphochlonde

Tin (stannic) chlorobronude, SnClBr3
Decomp by H20 (Ladenburg, A suppl

8 60)

SnCl2Br2
burg )

Decomp by H20 (Laden-

Tni (stannous) chloroiodide, SnCU

Decomp immediately by H20 (Henry.
Phil Trans 184=6 363)

Tin (stannic) chloroiodide, SrCl2I2

Fumes in the air

Decomp by H20 (Lenormand, J Pharm
1898 8)

SnCHs CLenormand, J Pharm 1899, 10
114)

Tin (stannous) fluoride, SnF2

Easily sol in H2O (Berzelius, Pogg 1 34 )

Tin (stannic) fluoride, SnF4

Very hydroscopic

Sol in H2O Slowly decomp m aq solu-
tion with separation of &n()2 (Ruff, B 1904,
37 681 )

Tin (stannic) fluonde with MF
See Fluostannate, M

Tin (stannous) hydroxide, 2SnO, H20

Decomp to SnO when boiled with H2O
More easily sol in acids than Sn or SnO
Sol in NaOH, and KOH+Aq, even when
dil Insol or very si sol m NH4OH,
(NH4)2CO3, and K2C03-f Aq, sol m cold
CaO2H2, and Ba02H2 with decomposition
on boiling (Fremy, A ch (3) 12 460 ) Only
si sol m NH4Cl+Aq hot or cold (Brett)
SI sol in NaC2H302-|-Aq (Mercer )

TEST IODIDE

1077

Solubility in NaOH+Aq

G Na in 20 ccm

G Sn in 20 ccm.

0 2480
0 3680
0 6394
0 8326
0 9661
2 1234

0 1904
0 2614
0 4304
0 5560
0 7849
1 8934

(Rubenbauer, Z anorg 1&02, 30 335 )

Not pptd m presence of Na citrate
piller )

Sol in water-glass +Aq (Ordway )
SnO2H2 Solubility in 1 1 H20 =
D000135 g mol at 25° (Goldschmidt, Z
iys Ch 1906, 56 389 )

n. hydroxide, SnO, 6Sn02+5H20
-f-9H20 (Schiff, A 120 153

n sesgiuhydroxide, Sn208, xHzO

Insol in H20 Sol m NH4OH+Aq

'uchs, J pr 6 318 )

a (stannic) hydroxide

" a, " modification

Obtained by pptn by alkali in stannic

loride solution

Freshly pptd substance when air dried

ntams 73 5% H20, when dried over H2SO

m a vaccum for 1 month 12 6% H20
sated to glowing loses all H^O and passes
to the anhydride The "a" form is capable
existing in all degrees of hydration (Lorenz,

anorg 1895, 9 372-375 )
"a" stannic hydrate is a white amor-
tous substance which is very sol in HN"Os
ien moist, sol m H^SCX even dil , sol in
Cl and not pptd by an excess Very sol
NaOH-fAq and is not pptd by an
cess

A solution of a stannic acid in HC1 is iden-
al with a solution of freshly prepared aque-
LS stannic chloride and gives no ppt with dil
Cl, H2SO4, HNOi or arsenic acid even on
ng standing;
" /3 " modification
Obtained by oxidmg and dissolving Sn in
NO 3, and trorn solution of sodium stannate
T pptn Freshly pptd from HNO3 when air
led contains 2i 3% H2O, and when dried
rer H2SO4 or in a vacuum 11 3%,— corre
»ondmg to Sn(OH)4 and bnO(OH)2 respec-
vely

Freshly pptd from sodium stannate solu-
Dn and air dried contains 22 5% H2O and
hen dried over H2S04 or in a vacuum con-
ins 12 1%, — corresponding to Sn(OH)4 and
iO(OH)2 Passes into the anhydride when
ated to glowing
The "/3" form is capable of existing m all
grees of hydration It is a white amor-
lous substance which is insol m HN03, in-

sol in H2S04 even when cone , insol in HC1
Dut changed by contact with the acid in
that when the acid has been removed the
ppt is readily sol m H2O, though pptd
igain from solution by addition of HC1
When freshly prepared the "ft" form is sol
in NaOH-f-Aq but is pptd by an excess of
NaOH

A solution of "0" stannic acid in HC1 be-
haves quite differently from an aq solution
of stannic chloride m that it ppts metas-
tanmc sulphate when treated with H2SO<

This ppt dissolves when heated with dilute
HNOs or HC1, but the solution on standing
spontaneously forms another ppt A solution
of "P ' stannic acid m HC1 gives a ppt
when treated with arsenic acid (Lorenz,
Z anorg 1895, 9 372 )

See also Stannic acid

Tin hydroxyl chloride, SnO(OH)Cl
See Chlorostannic acid

Tin (stannous) iodide, SnI2, and +2H20

SI sol in cold, more abundantly in hot
H20, without decomp

Solubility in H20

t°

Pts SnI2 m
100 pts
solution

t°

Pta Snlsm
100 pts
solution

98 5
84 9
73 9
60 1
51 5
41 0
30 5
20 8

3 43
3 05
2 56
2 09
1 79
1 50
1 21
1 03

97 3
87 4
77 6
67 5
59 7
49 5
39 4
29 6
19 8

3 70
3 24
2 75
2 34
2 03
1 72
1 38
1 11
0 96

(Young, J Am Chem Soc 1897, 19 846 )

Solubility of SnI2 m HI+Aq at t°
Pts SnI2 per 100 pts solvent

t°

*

fa

•/>'

fa

Is

OM

Is

20

0 98

0 20

0 60

1 81

4 20

10 86

25 31

30

1 16

0 23

0 64

1 81

4 06

10 28

23 46

40

1 40

0 33

0 71

1 90

4 12

10 Ob

23 15

50

1 69

0 46

0 82

2 12

4 34

10 35

23 76

60

2 07

0 66

1 11

2 51

4 78

11 03

24 64

70

2 48

0 91

1 37

2 92

5 43

11 97

25 72

80

2 95

1 23

1 83

3 70

6 38

13 30

27 23

90

3 46

1 b5

2 40

4 08

7 82

15 52

>9 84

100

4 03

2 23

3 63

5 82

9 60

34 05

(Young, J Am Chem ISoc 11897, 19 851)

1078

TIN OXIDE

Solubility of SnI2 at low temp in 29 95%
HI+Aq

Solubility in organic solvents at t°

Solvent

t°

G Snl4 in 100
g of the sat
solution

Sp gr of the
sat solution

Temp

Pts in 100 pts
solution

Pts in 100 pts
solvent

1 5
1 5
6 0
10 5
15 2
24 8
30 7
34 8
40 3

12 96
13 15
12 35
11 01
10 48
9 36
8 78
8 70
9 51

14 89
15 14
14 09
12 36
11 70
10 33
9 62
9 50
10 50

CC14
CC14
CHCls
CeHe

22 4
50 0
28 0
20 2

5 25
12 50
8 21
12 65

1 59
1 63
1 50
0 95

(McDermott, J Am Chem Soc 1911, 33
1964)

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909. 42 3790)

(Young, J Am Chem Soc 1897, 19 854 )

Solubility of SnI2 at low temp in 39 6%
HI+Aq

Temp

Pts in 100 pts of solution

Pts m 100 pts
of solvent

I

II

0°
5 7°
10 5°
15 7°
20 3°

13 52

16 44
19 47
23 56
25 50

13 56
16 37
19 60
23 68
25 60

15 66
19 71
24 37
30 92
34 30

(Young, J Am Chem Soc 1897, 19 852-
853)

Sol in SnCl2+Aq Sol in warm alkali
chlorides or iodides + Aq, also in dil HCl-f-
Aq Very si sol in CHCls, CS2, or C6H6
(Personne, C B 64 216)

Sol mKOH+Aq (Rose)

Sol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37
4328)

Tin (stannic) iodide, SnI4

Decomp by H2O into SnO2 and HI

Very sol m PC1S (Beckmann, Z anorg
1906, 51 110 )

Sol in POCls (Walden, Z anorg 1900,
26 212)

Easily sol in PCld and PBr3 (Walden,
Z anorg 1900, 25 211 )

Sol in liquid AsBr3 forming a solution
with sp gr=3731 at 15° (Retgers, Z
phys Ch 1893, 11 342 )

Sol in S0012, bids and SO2Cl2 (Walden,
Z anorg 1900, 25 215 )

Sol in SnCl4 (Walden )

Sol in anhydrous alcohol, ether, and
benzene 1 pt CS2 dissolves 1 45 pts SnI4
at ordinary temp (Schneider. Pogg 127
624)

100 pts methylene iodide, CH2I2, dissolve
229 pts SnI4 at 10° Sp gr of solution =
3 481 (Retgers, Z anorg 3 343 )

'Vtf, ,

Sol in acetone (Bidman, C C 1899.
II 1014)

Solubility in CS2

100 g of the sat solution contain at
—58° —84° —89° —94° —1145°
1627 1022 968 1065 941g[SnI4
(Arctowski, Z anorg 1896, 11 274 )

Sol in allyl mustard oil (Mathews, J
phys Ch 1905, 9 647 )

Tin (stannous) hydrogen iodide, SnI2, HI

Not obtained in pure state (Young, J
Am Chem Soc 1897, 19 856 )

Tin (stannous) iodide ammonia, SnI2, 2NH8
(Ephraim and Schmidt, B 1909, 42 3857 )
SnI4, 8NH8 (Ephraim and Schmidt )

Tin (stannic) iodide ammonia, SnI4, 3NH3

(Personne, C R 64 218 )

SnI4, 4NH3 (Personne )

SnI4, SNH3 (Rammelsberg, Pogg 48
169)

Tin lodosulphide,
See Tin sulphoidide

Tin mo?? oxide (Stannous oxide), SnO
Insol in H2O Sol in acids Very si sol

in boiling NH4ClH-Aq (Rose ) Insol in

NaOH or KOH+Aq

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J

1898, 20 830 )
Insol in acetone (Naumann, B 1904, 37

4329)

Tin dioxide (Stannic oxide), Sn02

Insol in H20 or cone acids except cone
Insol in cone alkalies or NEUOH-I-

q

Not absolutely insol in dil HN03+Aq
Mulder )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 830 )

Min Cassitente (Tin stone) Not attacked
>y acids

TIN SULPHIDE

1079

Tin sesgmoxide, Sn208

Wliile moist, easily sol m NH4OH+Aq
31 sol in dil , more easily in cone HCl-j-Aq
Berzehus )

Tin (stannic) oxybronude, Sn3Br60+12H20
Decomp by H2O into SnBr2 and H2SnOs
Sn8Br8O2 As above (Preis and Rav-

nann, C C 1882 773 )

Tin (stannic) oxybronude nitrogen pent-

oxide, Sn02, 3Br2, N206
Decomp by H2O (Thomas, C R 1896,
22 33)

Tin (stannous) oxychlonde, SnO.

, 3H20

^nsol m H20 Sol in HC1, EC2E302, and
hi HNO3, or E2S04+Aq (J Davy, Schw
F 10 325)

SngCluOg-KOHaO Easily sol in H20 or
tlcohol

Can be recrystallized from alcohol but
lot from H2O (Tschermak, W A B 44
\ 736)

3SnO2, 2SnCl2-r-6H20 Very si sol in
J2O Sol in dil acids (Ditte, A ch 1882,
5) 27 146 )

4SnO, SnCl2+6H20 (Ditte)

Tin oxysuiphide, Sn2S804-llE20

Verv sol in (NE4)2C08+Aq, slowly sol
in E20 (Schmidt, B 1894, 27 2739 )

Tin phosphide, Sn2P

(Ragg, C C 1898, II 170 }

SnP Sol in ECl+Aq Insol in EN08
+Aq

SnP2 Not attacked by EC1 Easily at-
iacked by aqua regia (Ernmerling, B 1879,
L2 155 )

SnPa Insol in EC1 Slowly attacked by
dil EN08 at 50° Oxidized by fuming ENOj
with ignition (Jolibois, C R 1909, 148
638)

Sn8P2 Insol in mercury

Decomp by EC1 (Stead, J Soc Chem
Ind 1897, 16 206 )

SniPa Attacked by EC1, EN08 and al-
kalies (Jobilois, C R 1909, 148 637 )

The only true compounds are Sn4P3 and
SnP8 (Johbois, C R 1909, 148 637 )

Lin (stannic) oxychlonde, Sn02,

Sol in H2O (Scheurer-Kestner, A ch
3) 47 6 )

Tin (rae/astanmc) oxychlonde, 3Sn02,
+3H2O

Sol in little, dccomp by much H20
Weber, PORK 122 S(>8 )
4SnO , SnCl4+7JI 0 (Weber )

" Metastannyl fhlonde p," Sn5OaCl2 De-
iquescent Sol without dccomp m a small
unount of II /) or in a, large amount of H20
ontainmg i few drops T1C1

Sol in ihs ilcohol (Juigd, C K 1807,
u24 767)

+4H2Oand +<)ITO Sol in HO uidified
vith one drop oi IL( 1 Ppld by excess HC1
Eiiftel, C K 1S<)7, 124 7(>S }

"Patattlannyl (htontle," Sn6O9Cl2+2H20
Decomp by cxc< bs H20

Sol m I£2O, pptd hy IIC1 (I'ngel, C K
L8Q7, 125 4()r> )

Tin (stannic) oxychlonde nitrogen pentr
oxide, SnOCl2, 3SnCl4, N2O6

Hydroscopic, sol m H20

Decomp by heat (ihomas, C K 1896
L22 32)

Tin (stannous) oxyiodide, SnO, 3SnI2

2SnO, 3SnI2; SnO, Snli, and 2SnO, SnI2

Decomp by much H2O (Personne, C R

>4 216)

Tin phosphochlonde,

(Mahn, Jena Zeit 5 1660 )

Tin (stannous) selenide, SnSe

Decomp by boihng HCl+Aq Slowly
oxidised by boihng HNOs+Aq, and easily
dissolved in aqua regia (Schneider, Pogg
127 624) Easily sol m alkalies +Aq
(Uelsmann, A 116 122), or scarcely even on
boihng (Schneider), according to method
of preparation Sol in alkali sulphides or
selemdes +Aq

Tin (stannic) selenide, SnSe2

Not attacked by H20 or dil acids, scarcely
attacked by boihng cone HCl+Aq, gradu-
ally decomp by hot HNOs+Aq, easily dis-
solved by warm aqua regia, and hot cone
H2&04

Sol m cold, more easily in warm KOH,
NiOH, or NH4OH-fAq (Uelsmann, A
116 122)

Tin (stannous) sulphide, SnS

1 1 H20 dissolves 014X10° mols SnS
at 18° (Woigel, Z phys Ch 1907, 68 294 )

Insol m dd , sol m cone IICl+Aq SI
sol m hot cone HN03+\q Insol m KOH
+Aq

-j-H/) Insol in H2O, H2fe+Aq, 01 dil
acids, sol with decomp m cone acids,
easily sol in hot cone HCl-f-Aq Inbol
in H2S034-Aq Insol m NH4OH+Aq
Insol in NH4C1, or NH4NO3+Aq Scarcely
sol in (NH4)2SH-Aq, but easily sol m the
same on addition of S (Rose )

10% NaOH+Aq dissolves SnS by violent
boiling

Insol in cold, si sol in hot Na2SOs+Aq
(Materne, C C 1906, II 557 )

Sol in alkali polysulphides+Aq

Insol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899,

1080

TIN SULPHIDE

II 1014), (Naumann, B 1904, 37 4329),
ethyl acetate (Naumann, B 1910, 43 314 )

Tin (stannic) sulphide, SnS2

Anhydrous (Mosaic gold ) Insol in HC1
or HNOa+Aq, but decomp by aqua regia
Sol in hot KOH+Aq or K2C03-KAq, also
in hot K2S, Na-iS+Aq, and (OTWJS+Aq

1 1 H20 dissolves 1 13X10-6 mols SnS2
at 18° (Weigel, Z phys Ch 1907, 58 294 )

-fsH20 SI sol in NH4OH+Aq. but
readily in KOH, K2S, or Na2S+Aq, also in
hot cone HCl+Aq Decomp by hot HN03
+Aq Insol in KHSOs+Aq SolinK2CO3
4-Aq Insol in NH4C1, and NH^Os+Aq
(Brett )

Pptd SnS2 is insol in cold, sol in hot
Na2B407 +Aq Sol in Na2CO8+Aq Very
sol in NaOH+Aq (Materne, C C 1906,

II 557)

Sol in boiling cone H2C2O4-f-Aq (Clarke,
C N 21 124)

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann,
B 1910, 43 314). acetone (Naumann, B
1904, 37 4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II
1014)

Tin sestfwsulphide, Sn2SB

Sol in moderately cone HC1 (Antony
and JNiccoh, Gazz ch it 1892, 22 (2) 408 )

Iphochlonde, SnS2, 2SnCl4
J dissolves out SnCl4 (Dumas, Schw
*b 409)

jnS2Cli2=SnCl4, 2SC14 Sol in H2O with
separation of S

Gradually sol in dil HN03+ Aq

Sol in POC13 (Casselmann, A 83 267 )

Tin sulphoiodide, SnS2I4

Decomp by H20 into SnO2, S, and HI,

by cold cone HCl+Aq with separation of S,

also by aqua regia, and HNOa+Aq
Cold KOH+Aq separates S and SnO2
Completely sol m hot KOH-f Aq
Sol in cold, more easily in hot CS2 or

CHCls

Decomp by alcohol (Schneider, Pogg

III 249)

Tin sulphophosphide, Sn3P2S
Insol in HC1, HN08 and aqua regia
Sol in aq alkali hydroxides, containing

C12 or Br2 in solution (Granger, C R 1896,

122 322)

Tin (stannous) tellunde, SnTe

Not attacked by cone HCl+Aq (Ditte,
C R 97 42)

Titanic acid, Ti02, zH20

n-Titanic acid — Insol in H20 or alcohol
When dried in the cold, is completely sol m

acids, especially HC1, or dil H2S04+Aq, but
when the solution in acids is boiled, it is con-
verted into j8-titamc acid Very si sol even
when moist m H2SOs+Aq (Berthier ) SI
sol in alkali carbonates +Aq A complete
solution m an alkali carbonate +Aq can only
be obtained by adding a Ti salt drop by drop
to the alkaline solution, and allowing the
ppt to dissolve entirely before adding more
Ti salt On boiling the solution in (NH4)2C08
-{-Aq (or in K2C03 or Na2C02+Aq with
NH4C1) the titanic acid is pptd

Relatively easily sol m mineral acids, de-
creasing m the following order HC1, HNOs,
H2SO4 Insol in perchloric acid (Lan-
decker, Z anorg 1909,64 67)

Sol in dil H2SO4 40 g H20 + 70 g
H2SO4 (sp gr 1 145) dissolves 0 33 g Ti02
m 15 rrun (Hall and Smith, Proc Atn
Phil Soc 1905,44 193)

Insol in liquid NH8 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898,20 830)

fi-Titamc aad, Metatitanic acid — Insol
m H2O, acids except HF, or alkali hydrates or
carbonates -f Aq When digested with cone
H2S04 until acid is evaporated, the residue
is sol in H20 (Berzehus )

y-Titanic acid — Sol m pure H2O, but
/3-acid is pptd bv boiling (Knop, A 123
351)

Colloidal Ti02 rrH^O+Aq has been pre-
pared by Graham (Chem Soc 17 325 )

Banum fatanate, 2BaO, 3Ti02
(Bourgeois, C R 103 141 )

Barium p^rtitanate peroxide
See Pertitanate, barium peroxide

Calcium titanate, CaTiO8

(Ebelmen, C R 32 711 )

Mm Perofskite Scarcely attacked by
HC1 +Aq or other acids, except hot H SC>4,
which decomposes it

CaO, 2Ti02 Mm Titan&morphite Par-
tially decomp by HCl+Aq, completely by
H2SO4

Cobaltous titanate, CoTiOs
(Bourgeois, C C 1893, I 226 )

Ferrous or^titanate, Fe2Ti04
(Hautefeuille, C R 59 733 )

Ferrof erne titanate, FeTi03, o;Fe2Os

Mm Menaccanite Very si sol m HC1 or
aqua regia with separation of Ti02

Ferric titanate

Not attacked by boiling H2S04 or cone
HCl+Aq (Wbhler and Liebig, Pogg 21
578)

JL1JLAM1UM CHLORIDE

1081

Magnesium titanate, MgTi03

Insol in H20 and acids (Hautefeuille. A
h (4)4 169)

Mia Geikiehte

When finely powdered, is easily sol in hot
EIC1. or in cold HF in a few hours (Dick,
Miner, Mag 1894, 10 146 )

Mg2TiO4 Slowly decomp by boiling
with HNOa+Aq (Hautefeuille, A ch (4)
I 169 )

Potassium titanate, K2Ti08

Anhydrous Decomp with H2O
+4H2O Deliquescent Very sol in H20
Precipitated from aqueous solution by alcohol
Demolv, Compt chim 1849 325 )

Potassium titanate, acid, K20, 3Ti02 +2H20
Insol in H2O (Demoly )
K20, 6Ti02+2H2O (Demoly )
K20, 3Ti02+3H2O Insol m H20 Com-
Dletely sol in HCl+Aq if only cold H20 is
ised for washing When heated to 100°, no
onger completely sol m HCl+Aq (Rose,
Pogg 74 563)
K2O, 12Ti02 (Rose, Gilb Ann 73 78)

Sodium titanate, Na2Ti03

Anhydrous Decomp by H20 into NaOH,
ind an acid titanate, insol in H2O

-+4H2O Deliquescent Very sol in H20
Precipitated from aqueous solution by alcohol
Dernoly )

Sodium titanate, acid, 2Na20, 9TiO2+5H20

If not heated to 100°, is sol in cold HC1+
4,q (Rose, Gilb Ann 73 78 )

2Na2O, 3TiO2 Insoi in H20, slowly sol
n cold, eisily m hot HCl+Aq (Cormim-
Doeuf , C R 115 ^23)

Na2O, 2TiO2 As above (C )

Na2O, 31iO2 Insol in H2O, and nearly
30 in boiling HCl+Aq (C )

Strontium titanate, 2SrO, 3TiO2
(Bourgeois, C H 103 141 )

Zinc titanate, ZnO, Ti02(?)

(L<§vy, A ch (6) 24 456 )

2ZnO, liO2(0 (I6vy)

3ZnO, 2Ti()2 Slowly attacked by warm
ET2SO4 or HMh+Aq, and by H2S04+HF
Wholly sol m cold HCl+Aq (L6w )

4ZnO, 51iO2 Not attacked by cold cone
acids, but sol bv boiling except in HCl+Aq
CLe*vy )

ZnO, 3TiO2 Insol m H2O, alcohol, or
Either Dil HNO3, H2SO4, or HCl+Aq do
act attack even on boiling, boiling H2S04 dis-
solves with difficulty, not attacked by cone
boiling alkalies +Aq (Levy A ch (6) 25
171)

Pertitanic acid
See Pertitamc acid

Titanium, Ti

Decomp H20 even under 100° (Wbhler),
not attacked by H2O under 500° (Kern,C N
J3 57)

Does not decomp H20 at 100°
(Schneider, Z anorg 1894, 8 85 )

Sol in HCl+Aq if warmed Rapidly sol
in HF+Aq Sol m cold dil H2S04+Aq.
HNOs+Aq, or HC2H802+Aq Dissolves
almost instantaneously in HF+Aq (Merz )

Sol m molten lead and iron, sol in HC1,
HNO8 and aqua regia (Moissan, C R 1895,
X20 293 )

Amorphous Loses its spontaneous in-
flammability when left for a tune in contact
with H20 ( Schneider, Z anorg 1895, 8 85 )

Titanium amide, Ti(NH2)4

Violently attacked by H20 (Stabler, B
1905, 38 2629 )

Titanium tfnbromide, TiBr3+6H2O

Very hydroscopic (Stahler, B 1904, 37
4409)

Titanium te^rabromide,

Deliquescent Decomp byH20 (Duppa,
C R 42 352 )

Sol m absolute alcohol and in dry ether
(Rosenheim and Schutte, Z anorg 1900,
24 238)

Titanium bromomtnde, TiNBr

Decomp by a small amount of H20 On
addition of more H2O, a part dissolves form-
ing a solution which decomp on warming
with separation of titanic acid It behaves
similarly toward dil HNO8, dil HC1 and dil
H2SO4 Completely sol in warm dil H2S04
(Ruff, B 1908, 41 2262 )

Titanium carbide, TiC

Sol m HNOs+Aq (Shimer, C N 55 71 )
Insol in HC1 Slowlv sol in aqua regia
(Moissan, C R 1895, 120 295 )

Titanium carbide nitride, Tii0C2N8 =Ti(CN)2,

3Ti3N2

Insol m, and not attacked by boiling HNOs
or H2S04 (Wollaston), but sol m HN03+HF
(Berzelms)

Titanium dichlonde, TiCl2

Very deliquescent Decomposes H20 with
violence Insol in ether, CS2, or CHCla
Decomp by 99 5% alcohol

Titanium tfnchloride, TiCl3

Deliquescent Sol in H20 with evolution

of heat

+4H2O (Glatzel, B 9 1829 )

+6H2O Veiv sol in H20 (Polidon, Z

anorg 1898, 19 307 )

1082

TITANIUM CHLORIDE

Titanium fefrachlonde, TiCl4

Anhydrous Sol in H2O with evolution of
much heat

4-5H2O Deliquescent

Titanium sulphuryl chlonde, TiGUSOs^

Dehquesces gradually in moist air (Claus-
mtzer, B 11 2011 )

Titanium chloride ammonia, TiCl4, 4NH3

Dehquescent Solution in HgO is not
quite clear (Rose )

According to Persoz (A ch 46 315), is
TiCl4, 6NH3

TiCl4, 6NH3 and TiCl4, 4NHS

Both compds are unstable in moist air,
insol in ether (Rosenheim, Z anorg 1901,
26 245 )

TiCU, SNH8 Violently decomp by H20
(Stabler, B 1905,38 2627)

Titaniiam feZrachloride cyanobromide,

TiCl«, NCClBr
(Schneider, Z anorg 1894, 8 92 )

Titanium chlonde cyanhydnc acid, TiCh,
2HCN

Deliquescent Sol in H20 with evolution
of heat (Wohler, A 73 228 )

Titanium tfnchlonde nitrogen sulphide,

2TiCls, N4S4

Decomp rapidly in air (Davis, Chem
Soc 1908, 89 (2) 1576 )

Titanium. teZrachlonde nitrogen sulphide,

TiCl4, N4S4
Hydroscopic

Decomp by H2O, HN03, HC1, KOH and
alcohol (Wolblmg, Z anorg 1908, 57 282 )

Titanium chlonde phosphine

Decomp by H20, HCl-f Aq, KOH+Aq,
K2C03+Aq, or (NH4)2C03+Aq (Rose )

Titanium feZrachlonde phosphoryl chlonde,

TiCl4, 2POC18
(Ruff, B 1903,36 1783)

Titanium chloromtnde, TiNCl

Decomp by small amount cold H2O On
the addition of more H2O it is only partially
decomp For complete solution, the addition
of dil HC1 or a mixture of warm dil H-iS04
and HF is necessary Easily sol m cone
HNO3 and m cone H2SO4 (Ruft, B 1908,
41 2259)

Titanium cfofluonde

(Eautefeuille, C R 67 151 )
Probably sesquifiuonde

Titanium sesgmfluonde,

Appears to be two modifications, one sol
in H2O, and the other insol in H20 (Haute-
feuiUe, C R 59 189 )

Insol m H2O (Weber, Pogg 120 292 )

Titanium fetfrafiuoride, TiF4

Decomp by H20 (Unverdorben )

Sol in H2O, but solution decomp upon

evaporation (Marignac, Ann Min (5) 16

258)

Sol in H20 (Emich, M 1904, 25 910 )
Very hydroscopic

Sol in H2O SI sol in cone HF-j-Aq
Sol m cold POC13 without decomp De-

comp in warm POC13
Sol in alcohol and dry pyridine
Insol in ether, CS*, CCl^ SiC^, SiBr4,

S02C12, SOC12, SC12, AsCl3, S03, CrOs, PC13

(Ruff, B 1903, 36 1780 )

+2H2O Sol in H2O (Ruff, B 1903, 36

1780)

Titanium hydrogen fluoride, 2EF, TiF4 =

H2TiF6

Sol in HoO with decomposition and separa-
tion of a basic salt Corresponds to fluosihcic
acid, and may be considered as fluotitamc
acid H2TiF6

Titanium fluoride with MF
See Fluotitanate, M

Titanium te^rarluonde ammonia, TiF4, 2NH8
Sol in H20, decomp in aq solution on
boiling (Ruff, B 1003,36 1781)

Titanium wwohydroxide, TiO2H2

Ppt (Wohler, A 73 49 )

TisC^H Not attacked by cold cone acids,
si attacked on warming Insol in cold or
hot JKOH+Aq (Winkler, B 1890, 23 2659 )

Titanium segwihydroxide, Ti208, zH20
Decomposes very quickly with H^O, form-

ing titanium rMivdroxide
Ti03H8 (Pohdon, Z anorg 1899, 19 306 )

Titanium, d&ydroxide
See Titanic acid

Titanium hydroxychlonde, TiCl3(OH)

Deliquescent Easily sol m H20 and il-
cohol Sol m ether

11012(0^2+ 1^H20 Deliquescent Sol
m H/), alcohol, ind ether Aqueous solution
decomp by boiling

aiCl(OH)3-HH2O Nearly insol m H20
Insol m alcohol and ether (Komg and v
der Pfordten, B 21 1708 )

See also Titanium oxychlonde

Titanium cfaiodide, TiI2

Very hydroscopic, insol m organic solvents,
sol m cone HF and boiling HC1, decomp by

TITANOMOLYBDIC ACID

1083

BC2O, alkalies, H2S04 and HN03 (Defacqz,
3 R 1908, 147 66 )

Titanium fruodide,

Very hydroscopic (Stahler, B 1904, 37
i410)

|itaxuum tetraiodide, TiI4

Fumes on air, and dissolves rapidly in H20
with, evolution of heat Solution decomposes
on standing (Weber )

Titanium oxide, Tia06

(Deville, C R 63 163 )

True formula is Ti70]2 (v der Pfordten,
A 237 201)

Titanium peroxide, Ti08

Sol in acids Solution in H2S04 is very
stable, but the HC1 solution decomposes very
easil} (Weber, B 15 2599, Piccim, B 15
2221, Classen, B 21 370 )

Titanium nitride,

Difficultly sol in warm HNOs+Aq More
easily sol in aqua regia (Rose )

Insol in dil acids Decomp by hot cone
HaSO4 and by cone HNOS, especially when
HI is added, and by boiling KOH+Aq
(Ruff and Eisner, B 1908, 41 2252 )

Decomp by H2O and dil acids

Insol in all ordinary indifferent organic
solvents (Ruff, B 1912, 45 1369 )

TiN2 Insol in H20 (Wohler )

Is TiN, according to Guerm (C R 82 972 )

Titanium monoxide, TiO

(Moissan, C R 1895, 120 290 )

Titanium sesquioxide, Ti208

Insol in HC1 or HN03+Aq Difficultly
sol in H2SO4 (Ebelmen, A ch (3) 20 392 )

When moist, msol m H20 or NH4OH+Aq,
but quickly decomp to TiO2 Sol in oxygen
acids, but quickly decomp (Berzelms )

Titanium cfaoxide, Ti02

Amorphous Insol in H^O, HC1, or dil
H2SO4+Aq, even when heated for a long
time

Sol in cone H^bOi by long digestion

TiO2, strongly ignited at 1000 , is practi-
cally uibol in cone H2S04 and lit

When Icbs btrongly ignited (by heating
ortho or metatitanic acid to 700°) it is easily
sol therein (Home maim and Sehirrrneibter
C C 1910, II 1870 )

Ignited TiO^ is very difficultly sol in HI
(Pennmgton, J Am Chun Soc 1S9G, 18
56)

The solubility of ignited li()2 in H2bO
is helped by H202 (Weiss and Landecker
Z anorg 1909, 64= 71 )

The bol ability in H2SC>4 is increased
addition of H2O2 H2O2 brings liO2 quickl}
and completely into solution in the presence
of NH4OH, NH4C1, NaOH, Na2C03 and
2Sra2HPO4 (Weiss and Landecker, 7* anorg
1909, 64 71 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898, 20 830 )

Crystalline Mm Rutile, Brookite, anc
A-natase Solubility as above

See also Titanic acid

Titanium oxychlonde, TiO2,

Sol in much H20 (Merz, Bull Soc 1867
401)

Ti202Cl2 Insol mH20 Sol inNH4OH+
Aq with separation of Ti02

See also Titanium hydroxychlonde

Titanium oxyfluonde

Insol m H20 (Berzehus )

Titanium oxyfluonde with MF
See Fluoxypertitanate, M

Titanium phosphide, TiP

SI sol in boiling aqua regia

Insol in dil or cone acids and alkalies

SI attacked by fuming HN03 in sealed

tube at 25Q°~300° (Gewecke, A 1908, 361

84)

Titanium phosphochlonde
See Phosphorus titanium chloride

Titanium sihcide, TiSi2

Sol m HF, msol in other n>in acids
Slowly sol in 10% KOH+Aq (Homg-

schmid, C R 1906, 143 226 )

Titanium www>sulphide, TiS

Insol in alkalies Difficultly sol in nitric
acid and aqua regia

Insol m HF (v der Pfoidten, A 234

257)

Titanium ^sulphide, TiS2

Decomp slowly on rnoist air Insol in
HClordil HS04+Aq (Ebelmen)

Sol in aqua regia or HNOa+Aq Decomp
by KOHH-Aq or NaOH+Aq Insol in
KSH+Aq (Rose )

Sol in HF at 100° (v der Pfordten, A
234 257)

Titanium sesgiasulphide, Ti2Sa

Insol m ciubtic alkalies +Aq Sol in HF
at a high temp Insol in aqua regia (v der
Pfordten, A 234 257 )

Titanomolybdic acid, Ti02, 12Mo08+22H2O

Very sol m H20

Sol in ether (Pechard, C R 1893, 117
790)

1084

TITANOMOLYBDATE, AMMONIUM

Ammonium, titanomolybdate,

2(NH4)20, TiO2, 12MoOs+10H2O

Sol in H20 and acids, completely msol
in solutions of ammonium salts (Pichard )

Potassium titanomolybdate,

2K20, Ti02, 12MoO8+16H20
Efflorescent
Sol mH20 (Pochard)

Titanodeatungstic acid, H8TiWioO86+

(Lecarme, Bull Soc (2) 36 17 )

Titanotungstic acid or Titanoduodeci-

tungstic acid, HsTiW^O^+a^O
(Lecarme, Bull Soc (2) 36 17 )

Titanous acid

Sodium titamte, Na3Ti08=3Na20, Ti208

Sol in dil acids (Koenig and v der
Pfordten, B 22 2075 )

Titanyl compounds
See Titanium oxy- compounds

Tnamine cobaltic compounds
See Dichrocobaltic compounds

Tnthionic acid, H2S3O6

Known only in aqueous solution
Solution in H20 gradually decomposes in
the cold, rapidly at 80° Not decomp if verv
dilute or in presence of acids, except HNO3,
HClOs, and HI08 (Fordos and Ge"ks, A ch
(3) 28 451 )

Tnthionates

The trithionates are all sol in H20, and
very easily decomposed

Ammonium tnthionate,

Very deliquescent and unstable
Very sol in H20

Insol in abs alcohol (Divers and Ogawa,
Chem Soc 1900, 77 337 )

Barium tnthionate, BaS3064-2H2O

Very sol in H2O Precipitated fiom
aqueous solution by large excess of alcohol
Aqueous solution is very unstable (Kessler,
Pogg 74 250)

Lead tnthionate, PbS306

Very si sol in H2O Sol in Na2S203+Aq
(Fogh, C R 110 524 )

Potassium tnthionate, K2S806

Sol in H20 Insol in alcohol (Kessler.
Pogg 74 270 )

Sol m H2O with decomp

Insol in alcohol (Langlois, A 1841, 40
102)

Sodium tnthionate, Na2S308
Very sol in H2O
-f-3H20 (Vilhers, C R 106 1356 )

ThaUous tnthionate, T12S806

Sol in H20 (Bevan, C N 38 294 )

Zinc tnthionate

Sol m H20, but decomposes upon warming

the solution (Fordos and Ge*hs. C R 16

1070)

Tungsten, W

Metallic Not attacked by heating with
fuming HN03, aqua regia. or other acids, or
by boiling KOH -f- Aq Sol mKOH+Aqand
NaClO-fAq (v Uslar, A 94 255 )

Not easily acted upon by moist air, if no
C02 present Sol in a mixture of HF and
HNO3 Very slowly sol in H2S04, HC1 and
HF (Moissan, C B 1896, 123 15 )

Very slowly attacked by HN03, H2S04,
HC1 and even CrO8 A mixture of Cr03 ana
H2SC>4 dissolved 1 67 g in 16 hrs from a fine
wire and 1 36 g in 14 hours (Fink, Met
Chem Eng 1910, 8 341 )

Compact tungsten is not attacked by dil ,
and only si dissolved by cone H2S04 Not
attacked by dil or cone HC1 HNO3 and
HNOsH-HCl attack slowly by long heating,
forming thin layer of W03 Slowly ^ol m
HNOs+HF (Weiss Z anorg 1910, 65 339 )

Alummothermic tungsten is msol in
acids and in aqua regia Sol m fused KOH
(Stavenhagen, B 1899, 32 1515 )

Insol in HC1 of any concentration at room
temp and only very si sol at 110° After
being in contact with hot cone HC1 (sp gr
1 15) for 175 hrs the metal lost 0 5% of its
weight SI sol in dil HC1 at 110°

Insol in cone H2S04 at room temp and
m dil H2S04 at 110° Somewhat sol m cone
H2S04 at high temp

Insol in cone HN03, and hot or cold HF

SI sol in aqua regia

Very sol in HF+HN03 (Ruder, J Am
Chem Soc 1912, 34 387 )

Insol in aqua regia and acids sol in fused
KOH (Stavenhagen, B 1899, 32 1514 )

Insol mKOH+Aq

Sol in fused KOH

Slowly sol m fused Na2CO3, K2C()3 or
mixture of the two

Somewhat sol in NaOCl-hAq (Ruder, J
Am Chem Soc 1912, & 388 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898,20 830)

Crystalline Insol m H20, HC1, or H2S04
Oxidised by HNO3 or aqua regia (D'Llhu-
jar )

Sol in boiling KOH+Aq (Riche, A ch
(3) 50 5 )

Amorphous Easily oxidised by HN03-|-
Aq (Zettnow )

Tungsten amide
See Tungsten nitride

TUNGSTEN IODIDE

1085

"ungsten arsenide, WAs2

Insol in H20 and other solvents Not
ttacked by boiling HF or HNOS Sol in
Old HF+HNOs and in hot aqua regia Not
ttacked by hot KOH+Aq or NaOH+Aq
)ecomp by fused KOH or NaOH (De-
acqz, C R 1901, 132 139 )

?ungsten bonde, WB2

Slowly attacked by cone acids, vigorously
ttacked by aqua regia (Tucker and Moody,
Dhem Soc 1902, 81 16 )

Tungsten efobronude, WBr2

Partly sol in H2O, the rest decomposing to
VO2 and HBr

[Tungsten penfobronude, WBr6

Decomp by moist air or H20 Sol in
austic alkalies +Aq

Very hydroscopic Fumes in the air

Decomp by H2O

Sol in HF, or cone HC1 SI sol m fuming
IBr Decomp by dil HC1, cone HN03 or
Ul H2SO4 Readily attacked by fused
Jkalies or alkalies -f Aq Sol in CCI4j CHC13,
3HBr3, abs alcohol, ether, essence of tere-
>eixthine and benzene (Defacqz, C R
899, 128 1232 )

Tungsten teabromide, WBr6

Decomp by H2O and in the air

Sol in NH4OH+Aq (Smith, J Am
Uhera Soc 1897, 18 1100 )

"ungsten bromochlonde, WC16, WBr6

Decomp by H20 Sol in HF Decomp
>y HNO3 or H2SO4 Violently attacked by
used alkali or ilkili+Aq bol in most
organic solvents

WC16, dWHr, Properties like those of
VC16, WBr« (Defacqz, C H 1899, 129 516 )
Decomp by H2() Sol m 40% HP +Aq
2° B HC1 +Aq givos a si ppt of W03
Decomp by HiNTOj ind by H2S(>4 Sol in
bs alcohol, cthtr, CS , CrHe and glycerine
>ol in CCU only on w irmmg Nearly insol
a oil of turpentiiK (Defacqz )

"ungsten bronze

See—

Ttingstate
Ttingstate

rum

Ttingstate
Tungstate

mm

Ttingstate
Ttingstate
Ttingstate

rum

Ttingstate
Ttingstate

bum

tungsten oxide, barium
tungsten oxide, banum potas-

tungsten oxide, banum sodium
tungsten oxide, calcium potas-

tungsten oxide, calcium sodium
tungsten oxide, lithium
tungsten oxide, lithium potas-

tungsten oxide, potassium
tungsten oxide, potassium so-

Tungstate tungsten oxide, potassium stron-
tium.

Tungstate tungsten oxide, sodium
Tungstate tungsten oxide, sodium stron-
hum*

Tungjten carbide, W2C

Sol in boiling HNOs, very slowly acted
upon by other acids (Moissan, C R 1896.
123 16)

WC Insol m dil acids, only si sol in
H2S04 and cone HNO8, sol in fused KC1O8
and KN08 (Williams, C R 198, 126 1724 )

Tungsten ^chlonde, WC12

Decomp on the air or with H20 (Roscoe )

Tungsten ^irachloride, WCl*

Dehquescent Partly sol in H20, with sub-
sequent decomposition (Hoscoe )

Tungsten penmchlonde, WC1B

Very dehquescent Decomp with H2O
with hissmg and evolution of heat and separa-
tion of W206

Very si sol in CS2 (Roscoe )

Tungsten A&cachloride, WCle

Not decomp by moist air or H20 De-
comp by alcohol Very sol m CS2 (Ros-
coe )

Easily sol in PCCU (Teclu, A 187 255 )

Tungsten chloride nitrogen sulphide, WC14,

N4S4
(Davis, Chem Soc 1906, 89 (2) 1575)

Tungsten chloroarsemde, W2AsCl9

Hydroscopic, decomp by H20 and acids,
sol in aq solution of alkalies, insol in an-
hydrous organic solvents (Defacqz, C R
1901, 132 139 )

Tungsten chlorosulphide, W2S7Cl8

Decomp by H20

Sol in S2C12 (Smith and Oberholtzer, Z
anorg 1894 6 68 )

WClf, 3WS8 Decomp by H20 Insol in
CS2 alcohol and CQH6 (Defacqz, A ch 1901,
(7) 22 266 )

Tungsten taaxzfluoride, WF6

Fumes m the air

Decomp byH2O Easily sol maq alkalies
(Ruff, B 1905, 38 747 )

Tungsten ^iodide, WI2

Not decomp by H20 (Roscoe, A 162
366)

Insol m H20, CS2 and alcohol Decomp
by boiling H2O, HN03, H2S04 and aqua
regia . sol in fused KOH, and alkali carbon-
ates (Defacqz, C R 1898, 126 936 )

1086

TUNGSTEN IODIDE

Tungsten MraiocUde, WI4

Insol in H2O, ether, chloroform and tur-
pentine, sol in abs alcohol, decomp when
boiled with H20, sol with deeomp in dil
HC1 and H2SO4, m HNOs and aqua regia, and
in alkah hydroxides and carbonates fused or
in aq solution (Defacqz, C R 189% 127
oil )

STntungsten mtnde, W8N2

(Uhrlaub )

W2NS Insol in HNOS, dil H2S04 and
NaOH+Aq (Rideal, Chem Soc 1889, 65
44 )

Tungsten mtnde amide, WsN6H4=2WN2,
W(NH2)2

Not attacked by acids or caustic alkalies +
Aq (Wohler, A 73 191 )

Tungsten mtnde amide oxide, W7NsH4O4 =
3WN2, W2(NH2)2, 2W08

Not attacked by acids or alkalies (Woh-
ler )

Tungsten wonoxide, WO

Insol in H2O Not attacked by HC1,
HF, H2SO4; or KOH+Aq HN03+Aq or
aqua regia convert it into W08 (Headden,
Sill Am J 145 280)

u. lu the dry way. is at-
a regia, which oxidises to

hen moist, is sol in HC1 or H2SO4+
o in KOH+Aq Insol in NH4OH+
'Hiche, A ch (3) 50 5 )

Insol in HC1, H2S04 and cone aq
, sol m HN03 (Hallopeau, C R
27 135)

Tungsten oxide, blue

W206 (Riche, A ch (3) 50 33), W3O8 (v
UBlar),W«Ou(Ginehn)

All are probably the same substance Not
attacked by boiling HNO3 or aqua regia
Slowly sol in boiling KOH+Aq

Tungsten tfnoxide, W03

Insol m H20 or acids SI sol in dil KOH
+Aq, NaOH+Aq, Na2C03+Aq, or H2CO3 +
Aq, but easily sol m cone boiling solutions
of same NH4OH+Aq when boiling haa a
solvent action

Insol in cone and dil H2S04 (Desi. J
Am Chem Soc 1897, 19 214 )

Mm TungsMe Insol m acids Sol in
NH4OH+Aq

Tungsten oxide, W208

Sol in alkalies (Desi, J Am Chem Soc
1897, 19 214 )

Insol in acids and alkalies (Desi,
J Am Chem Soc 1897, 19 228 )

+H2O Like W«Oi4+H20 (Allen and
Gottschalk, Am Ch J 1902, 27 336 )

W403 (Desi, J Am Chem Soc 1897, 19
219)

W6O9 (Desi )

W60i4+H20 Insol in H20 containing a
little HC1

Slowly attacked by cold, cone MOH+Aq
(Allen and GottSchalk, Am Ch J 1902, 27
333)

Tungsten tfnoxide ammonia, W08, 3NHs

(Rosenheim and Jacobsohn, Z anorg
1906, 60 306 )

Tungsten oxybromide, etc
See Tungstyl bromide, etc

Tungsten monophosphide, WP

Not attacked by HF or HC1

Sol m warm HNO3 +HF Slowly attached
by hot HN03

Not attacked by KOH+Aq or NaOH+Aq
(Defacqz, C R 1901, 132 34 )

Tungsten cfophosphide, WP2

Insol in H20 and in most organic solvents,
insol in HC1 and HF, sol in a mixture of
HF and HN03 in the cold, and in aqua regia
on warming (Defacqz, C R 1900, 130 916 )

Tungsten phosphide, W4P2

Not attacked by any acid, not even by
aqua regia (Wohler and Wright, A 79 244 )
W3P4 (Wohler and Wright )

Tungsten cfoselenide, WSe2

(Uelsmann )

Tungsten friselemde, WSes

Easily sol in alkah sulphides or selemdes
+Aq (Uelsmann, Jahrb f Ch 1860 92)

Tungsten sihcide

Sol in HF

Only very si sol in other acids (Warren,
C N 1898, 78 319 )

WSi2 Not attacked by ordinary acids and
scarcely by warm aqua regia, but violently
attacked by HNOa+HL bl attacked by
10% alkalies+Aq (Honigschmid, M 1907,
28 1017)

Not attacked by dil or cone HC1, HI1,
HNOa or H2b04, nor by not aqua regia

Attacked by HNO3+HF or b> fused
alkalies (Defacqz, C R 1907, 144 850 )

WSi3 Violently attacked by HN03+HF
Not attacked by HNO8, H2S04, HC1 or HF
(Fnlley, Rev M6t 1911, 8 509 )

W2Si8 Insol in acids including HF. sol
in a mixture of HF and HN08, sol in fused
alkali hydroxides and carbonates (Vigour-
oux, C K 1898, 127 394 )

TUNGSTATE, ALUMINUM AMMONIUM

1087

Tungsten ^sulphide, WS2

Oxidised by HNO3+Aq (Berzelms )

Insol in mm acids

Sol in a mixture of HF and HN08 and in
used alkalies and alkali carbonates (De-
acqz, C R 1899, 128 611 )

Tungsten tn sulphide, WS8

Somewhat sol in cold, abundantly in hot
EC2O, but separated out by the addition of
jalts, especially NH4C1, or acids Sol in
alkali sulphides, and hydrosulphides+Aq
3ol in caustic alkalies, and alkali carbonates
-f-Aq Slowly sol in NH4OH+Aq in the
sold

Fungstic acid, H2W04

Insol in HoO Sol in HF Insol in tung-
itates+Aq

44 7% H2W04 is sol in 50% HF+Aq at
25°

55 3% H2W04 is sol in 50% HF +Aq at
50°

100 g sat H2WO4+HCU-Aq contain
) 68 g H2W04 at 80°

98% H2W04 is sol in sat alcoholic HC1
it 75°

Insol in alcoholic solutions of HBr and HI
Rosenheim, Chem Soc 1911 100 (2) 402 )

Freshly pptd tungstic acid dissolves in
JsO2 (Keilner, Dissert 1909 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Gore, Am Ch J
L898, 20 830 )

H4WO5 Precipitate SI sol in H20 and
iqueous solutions of the tungstates Sol in
>50-300 pts H2O When freshly pptd , sol
n alkali hydrites 01 carbonates H-Aq (An-
hon, J pr 9 0 )

t°

100 ccm ether dissolve
g of the cryst acid

0

7 8
182
243

83 456
88389
99 66
11076

acid, H2W4Oi3+9H20

Sol in H2O Solution may be boiled and
vaporated to a syrupy (onsibtency, when it
uddenly gelitimses and ordinary tungstic
i,cid is piccipit itcd

Sol in H20 When heated to 50°, it be-
omes msol m H2() (Soboleff, Z anorg
896, 12 28 )

Solubility in H20 at t°

t°

100 run IIO <hs
solve k of the tr>st
i< id

fc>p fer of the
solution

0
22
43 5

41 46
88 57
111 87

1 6025
2 5239
3 6503

(Soboleff )

Sp gr of solution of metatungstic acid at
7 5° containing

279 1268 2761 4375%W08
1 0257 1 1275 1 3274 1 6343
(Scheibler, J pr 83 273 )

Sp gr of aqueous solution calculated by
M=Mendelejeff, and G=(Gerlach (Z anal
27 300), containing

5 10 15 20 25%W08,
M 1047 1098 1153 1214 1285
G 1 0469 1 0980 1 1544 1 2172 1 2873

30 35 40 45 50% WO,
M 1366 1458 1555 1 581 (?)
G 1 3660 1 4540 1 5527 1 6630 1 7860

Solubility in ether at t°

(Soboleff, Z anorg 1896, 12 32 )

Colloidal Sol in H20 Not precipitated
by acids or alcohol Can be evaporated to
dryness and heated to 200°, and still remains
sol inH20 Sol in J£pt ofH20
Sp gr of aqueous solution containing
5 20 50 665 79 8% WO,
10475 121€» 18001 2596 3243
(Graham, Chem Soc 17 318 )

Perhaps paratungstic acid. HioW i20«
(Klein, Bull Soc (2) 36 547 )

Tungstates

Few normal tungstates are sol m H20,
even some of the K and NH4 salts are very
si sol Most of the metatungstates however,
are easily sol in H2O

Tungstates msol m H20 are usually msol
in dil acids
Aluminum tungstate, Al2(W04)s+8H20

Precipitate Insol m H20 and Na2W04+
Aq Sol m (NH4)2Al2(S04)4+Aq, NaOH+
Aq, NH4OH+Aq

Easily sol m H3PO4, H2C204, and
H2C4H406+Aq (Lotz, A 83 65 )

bol in 1500 pts H2O at 15° (Lefort, C R
87 748 )

Al20a, 4W03-h9H20 Sol in 400 pts H20
at 15° (Lefort, C R 87 748)

A1203, 5WO3+6H2O Sol m H20, from
which it is pptd by alcohol (Lefort )

Formula according to Lefort is A1203, 3WOS
+3H20, 2W03

See aho Altuninicottingstic acid

Aluminum paratungstate, 5A1203, 36WO,+

46H20=A1208| 7W08+9H20 (?)
Easily sol in an alum solution (Lotz, A
83 65)
Aluminum ammonium tungstate, 3(NH4)20,

A1208, 9W08+4H20

Sol in cone HNO3 and in cone HC1
(Balke and Smith, J Am Chem feoc 1903,
25 1230)

1088

TUNGSTATE, ALUMINUM AMMONIUM ANTIMONY

Aluminum aBttaonium antimony tungstate

See Alumuucoantimomotungstate, ammon-
ium

Aluminum antimony tungstate
See Alummicoantimoniotungstic acid

Aluminum zinc tungstate, A1208. ZnO, 9W08
•"*''•

Very sol m H20 (Daniels. J Am Chem
Soc 1908, 30 1850 )

2A12O8, 3ZnO, 18WOS+16H20 Sol in
much H2O

Sol in very dil mineral acids or in acetic
acid (Daniels )

Ammonium tungstate, (NH4)2W04

Known only in solution

(NH4)4WS0U+3H2O==2(NH4)20, 3W03+
3H2O Sol m H20 with decomp Decomp
on air with evolution of NH8, and formation
of paratungstate Sol in NH4OH+Aq
(Mangnac, A ch (3) 69 23 )

(NH4)4WfiOi7+5H2O=2(NH4)20, 5WOS+
5H2O Sol at ordinary temp in 26-29 pts
H2O with partial decomposition (Marignac )

+2^H203 +3H20, +4H20, +4J^H2O,
and -f 5H2O (Pinagel, Dissert, 1904 )

(NH4)6W8027+8H20«3(NH4)20, 8WOS+
8H20 Sol mH20 (Marignac)

Colloidal (NH4)20, 6W08+4 or 6H20
Miscible with water in nearly all propor-
tions (Taylor, J Am Chem Soc 1902, 24
632)

Ammonium metatungstate, (NH4)2W4Oi8
+6H2O (Marignac, A ch (4) 3 74)
+8H2O Efflorescent Very sol m H2O
1 pt dissolves at 15° m 0 84 pt H2O (Lotz )
1 pt dissolves at ordinary temp in 035

pt H2O (Riche)

Solubility increases rapidly with the tem-

perature

Saturated solution at 40° is solid on cooling
SI sol in ordinary, insol in absolute alco-

hol (Lotz ) Insol m ether (Riche )
[(NH4)2W301o-f-5H20 of Mir<rn~iV-tc 1
(NH4)BWio061H-17H20 = 3uNH4hO, loWO3

-|-17H2O Verv efflorescent Decomp by dis-

solving in pure H20 (Marignac, A ch (4)

3 75)

Ammonium paratungstate, (NH4)ioWi2O4i
5(NH4)20, 12W03

(Marignac, A ch (3)69 25)

According to Lotz (A 91 49) and Scheibler
(J pr 80 208), formula is (NH4)6W7O24 =
3(NH4)20, 7W03

+5H2O (Scheible? J pr 48 232)

+ 11H2O Sol m 25-28 pts cold H20
(Anthon )

Sol in 2b 1 pts H2O at 10 7°, and 5 S pts
at 100° (Lotz )

Sol in 33 3 pts cold H20, and 9 6 pts at
100° (Riche )

Sol in 22-38 pts H20 at 15-18° The
solution gradually decomposes, with the
rormation or a more soluble salt (Marignac )

Not much more sol in NH4OH+Aq than
in H2O Insol in alcohol (Anthon )

Sol in H2O2 (Kellner Dissert, 1909)

Ammonium bismuth, tungstate
See Bismuthicotungstate, ammonium

Ammonium caxtmntm para tungstate,

3(NH4)2O, 12CdO, 35W08+35H20
Ppt Sol in H2O acidulated with HNO3
(Lotz, 4 91 49 )

Ammonium cerium tungstate

See Cencotungstate, ammonium

Ammonium cobaltous tungstate, 8(NH4)20,

2CoO, 15WO8+3H20
(Carnot, C R 109 147 )

Ammonium hydroxylamine tungstate,

NH4OWO4NH4

Sol in H2O (Hofmann, Z anorg 1898,
16 465)

Ammonium iron (feme) tungstate, 5(NH4)2O,
Fe208, ^WOs+SHaO

Sol mH2O (Borck)

Ammonium

tungstate

See Lanthamcotungstate, ammonium

Ammonium magnesium porratungstate,
2(NH4)2O, 3MgO, 12WO8+24H20

Very slightly sol in H20 (Marignac, A
ch (3) 69 58 )

(NH4)20, 2MgO, 7WO8+10H2O Very
si sol in H2O , sol in H20 acidulated with
HN03 (Lotz )

Ammonium mercuric tungstate, (NH4)2WO4,
HgWO4+H2O

Insol in H2O Decomp by acids or al-
kalies (Anthon )

Ammonium neodymium tungstate
See Neodynncotungstate, ammonium

Ammonium nickel tungstate
See Nickehcotungstate, ammonium

Ammonium potassium paratungstate,

5K(NH4)0, 12W03+11H20
Sol in boiling H2O, si sol in cold H2O
(Hallopeau, C R 1896, 123 180 )

Ammonium potassium sodium paratungstate,
5(K, Na, NH4)20, 12WO3+13H2O, where
K Na NH4=3 3 4
10(K, Na. NH4)203 24WO3+26H20, where

K Na NH4 = 3 3 14 (Laurent)

TUNGSTATE, CADMIUM

1089

Ammonium sodium pat atungstate, 4(NEL)2O
Na20, 12W08+5H20 h '

Can be crystallised from H20 without
decomp (Lotz, A 91 57 )

(NH4)2O. 4Na20, 12W08+25H20 SI sol
in H20 (Hallopeau, C R 1895, 120 1344)

5Na20, 15(NH4)20, 48W03-f48H20
(Marignac, A ch (3) 69 53)

2Na20, 3(NH4)20, 12W03-fl5H20
(Marignac )

3(NH4)2O, 2Na2O, 12W03+15H20

3(NH4)2O, 3ISTa20, 16W08+22H20 Sol
in H20 without decomp (Hallopeau, C R
1896,123 181)

3Na20, 4(NH4)2O, 16W08+18H20
(Gibbs, Am Ch J 7 236 )

Is 2Na2a 3(NH4)2O, 12W08+13H20, ac-
corduig to Knorre (B 19 823)

Very sol m hot H2O (Knorre, B 1886,
19 823)

(NH4)2O, 3Na2O, 16W08+38H20 (Wy-
rouboff.Bull Soc Mm 1892,16 85)

6(NH4)2O, 2Na20, 20W08+24H20 Can
be cryst from boiling H20 (Baragiola, Dis-
sert, 1902 )

4Na20, 16(NH4)2O. 50W03+50H20 SI
sol in cold H2O (Gibbs, Proc Am Acad
16 12)

Ammonium zinc paratungstate, (NH4)20,

2ZnO, 7WO8+13H20
SI sol in boiling H2O, but more easily on
addition of oxalic tartanc, phosphoric, or
dil nitric acids, or of ammonium tungstate
(Lotz, 4 91 49 )

Arrymfuintm zirconium tttngstate
See Zirconotungstate, ammonium

Ammonium wetatungstate nitrate

See Nitrate raefritungstate, ammonium

Ammonium tungstate vanadate
See Vanadiotungstate, ammonium

Antimony tungstate, Sb203, 5W03+4H20
Sol m H2O without decomp (Lefort )
SbA,, f)WO^-h8HO Ppt
See also Antimomotungstic acid

Banum tungstate, BaWO4

Anhydrous Insol in H20 Decomp by
boiling HNOs+Aq (Geuther and Forsberg,
A 120 270)

-{- J^H2O Insol in H20 or boiling H3P04 +
Aq Sol in boiling, less sol m cold H2C204+
Aq (Anthon )

-f-2J^H2O Insol precipitate (Scheibler)

Pptd BaWO4 is attacked by dil acids
More sol m NH4NO3+Aq than in H2O
(Smith and Bradbury, B 24 2930 )

Banum ^tungstate, BaW207-f-HaO (?)

Nearly insol in H20 100 ccm H2O dis-
solve about 005 g at 15° (Lefort, A ch
(5) 16 325 )

Banum fntungstate, BaW3Oi0-f 4H20 (?)

Sol in about 300 pts H2O at 15° Decomp
by boiling H20 into an insol salt (Lefort,

R 88 798)

+6H2O (Scheibler )

Banum wstatungstate, BaW4O18+9H20

Efflorescent Quite sol m hot H2O
Partly decomp by cold H2O mto BaW8Oio and
WO 3, which recombme on heatmg (Schei-
bler, J pr 80 204 )

Banum tungstate,

Insol in H2O or HCl+Aq (Zettnow)
BaWsOis Banum bronze (Hallopeau.

A ch 1900, (7) 19 121 )

Banum paratungstate, Ba5Wi2041+14H20,
or Ba8W70244-8H20

Insol m cold H20, when freshly pptd is
si sol m HNOs+Aq (Lotz, A 91 60 )
Sol in NH4Cl-|-Aq (Wackenroder )

+27H20 = BasW7O24+ 16H20 Insol m
cold, si sol in hot H2O (Knorre, B 18 327 )

Banum potassium tungstate tungsten oxide,

BaW4Oi2, 5K2W4Oi2
(Engels, Z anorg 1903, 37 136 )

Banum silver wetatungstate

(Scheibler )

Banum sodium para tungstate, 2BaO, 3Na20,
12 W08+24H20 (Marignac), or BaO,
2Na2O, 7W08+14H20 (Scheibler)
Insol in H20

Banum sodium tungstate tungsten oxide,

2BaW4Oi2, 3Na2W5Oi5
BaW4Oi2, 5Na2W3O9 (Engels, Z anorg
1903 37 131 )

Bismuth tungstate, Bi2O8, 6W03+8H20

Very sol in H2O with decomp Pptd by
alcohol from aqueous solution (Lefort, C R
87 748)

Cadmium tungstate, CdW04

Anhydrous

+H2O Sol in about 2000 pts H2O
(Lefort )

-f 2H2O Insol in H2O Sol in hot phos-
phoric or oxalic acids, or in NH4OH-fAq
(Anthon, J pr 9 341 )

Sol in KCN+Aq (Smith and Bradbury,
B 24 2390)

1092

TUNGSTATB, LEAD

Lead tungstate, PbW04

Insol m H2O or cold HN03+Aq Sol m
KOH-f Aq Decomp by hot HNOs-fAq
(Anthon, J pr 9 342 )

Sol in about 4000 pts H2O (Lef ort )

Mm Scheelenite, Stolzite Sol in KOH-f
Aq, decomp by HN08

Absolutely insol in NH4NO3+Aq (Smith
and Bradbury, B 24 2930 )

Lead ^tungstate, PbW2O7+2H20 (?)

Sol m about 80 pts H20 at 15° (Lefort )

Lead ^ntungstate, PbW8Oxo-|-2B:2O (?)

Ppt (Lefort )

Lead wetotungstate, PbW4Oi8+5H2O

SI sol in cold, more in hot H2O Sol in
hot HN03+Aq (Scheibler, J pr 83 318 )

Lead paratungstate, Pb8W7024

Insol in H20, dil HN08-fAq, (NH4)2WO4
+Aq, or Pb(N08)2+Aq Sol m NaOH+
Aq or boiling H3PO4+Aq (Lotz, A 91 49 )

Lead sodium paratungstate, PbO, 4Na20.
12W08+28H20

(Gonzalez )

Lithium tungstate, Li2W04

Rather easily sol in H20 (Gmelm )

Lithium wetatungstate, Li2W4Oi8

Insol in H2O (Knorre, J pr (2) 27 94 )
+zH2O Syrup (Scheibler )

Lithium paratungstate, Li1oWi2O4i -f33H20

(or Li6W7O24+19H20)
According to Scheibler, more sol than the
paratungstates of the other alkah metals

Lithium tungstate tungsten oxide, Li2W6Oi5
Lithium bronze Insol in H20

Lithium potassium tungstate tungsten oxide,
Li2W60lfi, 3K2W4012

Lithium potassium bronze Insol m H2O
(Feit, B 21 135 )

Lithium sodium tungstate,

3(Na2W04+3H20)
(Traube, N Jahrb Miner, 1894, I 190 )

Magnesium tungstate, MgW04

Anhydrous Insol m H2O Gradually de-
comp by boiling cone HNOs-f-Aq (Geuther
and Forsberg, A 120 272 )

-f3H2O Very sol m H20, nearly insol
in alcohol (Lefort, A ch (5) 15 329 )

+7H2O Slowly sol in cold, very easily in
hot H20 (Ullik, W A B 66 2 152 )

Magnesium ^tungstate, MgW207+8H2O (?)

Sol in about 100 pts H20 (Lefort )

Magnesium ^tungstate, MgW8Oio+4H20(?)
Easily sol in H2O with gradual decomp
(Lefort)

Magnesium me atungstate, MgW4OiS+8H2O
Sol inH2O (Scheibler)

Magnesium para tungstate,
24H2O

Very difficultly sol m cold, somewhat sol
in hot H2O (Knorre, B 19 825 )

Magnesium potassium tungstate, MgW04>
K2WO4

+2H2O Very si sol in H20 (Ullik )
+6H20 Precipitate

Magnesium potassium mmtungstate,

5(VSK20, VaMgO), 12W08+24H20
Insol in cold, sol in hot H2O (Hallo-
peau, C R 1898, 127 621 )

Magnesium sodium pamtungstate. 3MgO,

3Na2O, 14WO8+33H20
Nearly insol in H20 (Knorre, B 19
825)

Manganous tungstate, MnW04

Mm Hubnente Partially sol m HCl-f-

+2H2O Insol m H20, sol in warm
H3PO4 and H2C2O4+Aq, si sol in HC2H3O2
Aq Insol in cold HCl+Aq (Anthon )
+H2O Sol in about 2500 pts H2O it
15° (Lefort )

Manganous cfotungstate, MnW2O7+3H2O (?)
Sol m about 450 pts H20 at 15° (Lefort,
A ch (5) 15 333 )

Manganous ^tungstate, MnW8Oio+5H20(?)
Decomp by H2O into MnW^O? and
MnW4O13 (Lefort, A ch (5) 17 480 )

Manganous wetatungstate, MnW4OJ3-f
10H2O

Very sol in H2O (WyroubofF, Bull So<
Mm 1892, 15 82 )

Manganous pamtungstate, 5MnO, 12WO8 +
34H2O

(Gonzalez, J pr (2) 36 44 )

Mn3W7O24-J-llH2O When recently pptd ,
sol in a small amt of H20 acidul ited with
HN03 (Lotz )

Manganous potassium tungstate, 2MnO,

3K2O, 12W08+16H20
Completely insol in H20 (Hallopeau
Bull Soc 1898, (3) 19 955 )

TUNGSTATE, POTASSIUM

1093

Manganous sodium paratungstate, 3Na20.

SMnO, 14W03-r-36H2O
Sol in H20 (Knorre, B 19 826 )

Manganic sodium tungstate
See Permanganotungstate, sodium

Mercurous tungstate, Hg2W04

Insol in H20 (Anthon )

Impossible to obtain pure, as it is decomp
into —

2Hg20, 3WO3+8H20 Sol in 100 pts
H20 at 15° (Lefort )

Mercurous wetatungstate, Hg2W4018+
25H2O

Ppt (Scheibler, J pr 83 319 )

Mercuric tungstate, HgW04

SI sol in H20 and very unstable (Lefort,

A ch (5) 16 356 )

3HgO, 2WO8 Insol in H20 (Anthon )
2HgO, 3WO3 Insol m H20 (Anthon )
3HgO, 5WO3+5H2O Sol m about 250

pts H20 at 15° (Lefort )

2HgO, 5WOS+7H2O Decomp by hot or

cold H20 (Lefort, C R 88 798 )

Mercuric rfntungstate, HgW8Oio+7H2O (?)

Sol in about 120 pts H2O at 15° (Lefort.
A ch (5) 16 360 )

Molybdenum tungstate

Easily sol m H2O Insol m NH4Cl+Aq
or m alcohol of 0 87 sp gr (Berzelms )

Neodymium tungstate, Nd2(W04)3

Very si sol in HjO 1 pt is sol m 52630
pts H20 at 22°, 59580 pts at 65°, 66040 pts
at 98° (Hitchcock, I Am Chem Soc 1895,
17 532)

Jtfickel tungstate, NiW04

+3HO Sol in ibout 1000 pts H/)atl5°
(Lefort )

+6H2O Insol in H/) 01 H2C2Oi+Aq
Sol m boiling H.PCh-f Aq, IlC2H,02+Aq, or
in warm Nl^HF-fAq (Anthon )

Nickel ditungstate, NiW/)7+5H20 (?)

Sol in ibout 2)0 pfs IL2() (I cfoit )

Nickel intungstate, NiW3(),0+4H2O (?)

Sol in IE2(> I'ptd by ilcohol Decomp
by cold or w inn If () nft< r ibovc pptn (Le-
fort)

Nickel ?//e/atungstate, NiW4Oi3+8H2O
Sol in H20 (fc>c hcibkr, J pr 83 273 )

Nickel pamtungstate, Ni3W7O24+14H20

Insol in H2O SI sol m H2C2O4+Aq
Completely sol in warm HaP04 or HC2H302 -f
Aq (Anthon )

Potassium tungstate, K2WO4

Anhydrous Bather deliquescent Easily
sol in H2O

+H2O Easily sol in H20 Insol in
alcohol

+2H20 Very sol m H2O with absorption
of heat

1 pt dissolves in 1 94 pts cold, and 0 66
pt boiling H20 Alcohol does not mix with
cone aq solution, but slowly separates out
the salt from it Acids, even H2SO3, HC2H302
or H2C2C>4, separate out WO3 from solution
(Riche, A ch (3) 60 45 )

Potassium t&tungstate, K2W207-f 2H20

Sol in about 8 pts H20 at 15°, but on heat-
ing is converted into —

+3H2O 100 pts H2O dissolve only 2-3
pts at 15° (Lefort, A ch (5) 9 102 )

Potassium Jntungstate, K2W8Oio+2H20

Sol in 5-6 pts H2O at 15° Can be re-
cryst from hot H20 (Lefort. A ch (5) 9
105)

Potassium wetatungstate, K2W4013+5H20
Not efflorescent Easily sol in H2O

(Mangnac )

(K4W6Oi74-8H2O of Margueritte )
+8H20 Extremely efflorescent (Seheib-

ler )

Potassium odotungstate,

Insol ni H20 (Knorre, J pr (2) 27 49 )

Potassium tungstate, K8Wio084+9H20 =
4K20, 10W08+9H20

Properties resemble the poratungstate
(Gibbs, Proc Am Acad 16 11 )

-f8H2O=K4W5Oi7+4H2O Sol m 15 pts
H20 at 15°, but decomposed by heating into
K2W2O7 and I^WaOu, (Lefort, A ch (5) 9
104)

KioWi4047 Very difficulty sol m cold,
appreciably sol m hot H20, probably with
decomposition (Knorre )

Potassium paratungstate, Ki0Wi204i+llH2O
(or KRW7O24-f-6HB0, according to Lotz
and Scheibler )

Much more sol in hot than cold HzO (Anthon )
Sol in 100 pts H2O at lu° in 8 5 pts at 100° (An

thon )

Sol in 40 5 pts cold and 15 15 pts boiling H2O

(Richc )

By shaking the crystals several days at
20°, 1 pt dissolves in 71 pts H2O If the
silt ib treated with boiling water, more goes
into solution the longer it is boiled, until
after several days7 boiling 1 pt of the salt
dissolved in 5 52 pts H2O at 18° Kept m
a closed flask, this solution contained after
2b divs 1 pt of salt to 11 9 pts H20, after
153 days, 1 pt of salt to 15 6 pts H20, after
334 days, 1 pt of salt to 15 6 pts H20 In-
sol in alcohol (Marignac )

+8H20

1094

TUNGSTATE, POTASSIUM SODIUM

Potassium sodium tungstate, K2W04.
2Na2WO<+UHiO

Easily sol in hot and cold H2O (Ullik,
W A B 66 2 150)

Deliquescent Sol in 1 pt cold, and J^ pt
hot H20 (Anthon )

Potassium sodium paratungstate, Na20.
4K20, 12W08H-15HT20

8ol in H2O (Mangnac )

8/nNa2O, VnKiO, 12W08+25H20 Sol m
H20 (Mangnac )

Potassium strontium tungstate tungsten

oxide, 5K2W4Oi2, SrW4Oi2
(Engels, Z anorg 1903, 37 143 )

Potassium uranous tungstate
See Uranosotungstate, potassium

Potassium zirconium tungstate
See Zirconotungstate, potassium

Potassium tungstate tungsten oxide, K2W04,

Potassium tungsten bronze (Scheibler, J

nr Jtt 321 ^

)12 Not attacked by
1 by alkalies (Knorre,
~j )

4W02 Not attacked by acids,
** , or b> alkalies +Aq Insol in

(Zettnow, Pogg, 130 262 )
3 not exist (Knorre )

Potassium sodium tungstate tungsten oxide,

Prop-

Potassium sodium tunqsten bronze
erties as potassium bronze

3K2W4O12, 2Na2W309 As above (Knorre,
J pr (2) 27 49 )

Praseodymium tungstate, Pr2(W04)8

Very si sol in H^O

Insol in PI20 at 20°, at 75°, 1 pt is sol in
23,300 pts H20 (Hitchcock, J Am Chem
Soc 1895, 17 529 )

Rubidium metotungstate, Rb20, 4WO3+
8H2O

Sol in about 10 pts cold H20
Model atcly sol in warm H20 (Wyrou-
boff, Bull Soc Mm 1892, 15 59 )

Rubidium pen/atungstate, Rb2W5Oi6

Almost insol in hot H2O When finely
powdered, it is sol in alkali carbonates + \q
(Schaeffer, Z anorg 1904, 38 163 )

Rubidium odotungstate, Rb2W8026

Insol in H2O, acids, and alkalies (Schaef-
fer, Z anorg 1934, 38 103)

Rubidium paratungstate, 5Rb20, 12WO5+
18H2O

Very si sol in H2O (Schaeffer, Z anora:
1904,38 173) *

Samarium metatungstate, Sm20s, 12WO»4-
35H20

Easily sol in H2O (Cleve )

Samanum sodium tungstate, NauSm^WO^g
Insol in H2O Slowly sol in dil acids,

easily in cone HCl-f-Aq
Soc (2)42 2)

,
(Hogbom, Bull

Silver (argentous) tungstate, Ag4O, 2WO8

HNOs+Aq separates W03 KOH+Aq
dissolves out WO3 and separates Ag4O
(Wohler and Rautenberg, A 114 12O )
Does not etist (Muthmann, B 2O 983 )

Silver tungstate, Ag2WO4

Sol in about 2000 pts H2O at 15° Easily
decomp by NaCl+Aq or BN"Oa-l-Aq
(Lefort )

Ag2W207 Insol m H20 Nearly insol in
HC2H302 or HsPO^+Aq More sol in
KOH, NH4OH+Aq, or H2C204-{-Aq (An-
thon. J pr 9 347 )

+H20 Sol in about 5000 pts H2O at
15° (Lefort )

Silver wetotungstate, Ag2W4Oia+3H:2O
SI sol in H20 (Scheibler, J pr 83 318 )
Nearly insol in H20 (Rosenheim, Z

anorg 1911, 69 250 )

Silver paratungstate, Agi0Wi204i +8H20

(Gonzalez, J pr (2) 36 44 )
Silver tungstate ammonia, Ag2WO4, 4NH8

Sol in H2O with rapid decomp (Wid-
mann, Bull Soc (2) 20 64 )

Sodium tungstate, Na2W04-f 2H2O

Sol m 4 pts cold, and 2 pts boiling H20

(Vauquelin and Hecht )
Sol mil pts cold, and 0 5 pt boiling H20

(Anthon )
Sol in 244 pts H2O at 0°, 1 81 pts at

15°,081pt at 100° (Riche)

Solubility in H20 at t°

t°

%K,WO.

Mols lli<>
to 1 rnol

Mols of
anhydrous
salt to
1OO mo Is
H20

+0 5
21 0
43 5
80 5
100 0

41 67
41 73
42 27
43 98
47 65
49 31

22 87
22 80
22 30
20 80
17 95
16 79

4 37
4 39
4 48
4 81
5 57
5 95

(Funk, B 1900, 33 3701 )
See also -flOH2O

TUNGSTATE, SODIUM

Sp gr of Na2W04-f-Aq at 24 5° containing

Solubility in HiC At t*

036 1 075 1 119 ^a2™Q*~l~2HjO,

r

MoU Hi*' Mj,

2L -, o?e 30 % Na2W04+2H20,

t°

to I nut 1 ' irou»

166 1 215 1 274

-5

30 60

37 04 ' 2

349 1 430 1 492 °

-4 0

31 87

34 92 1 2

(Franz, J pr (2) 4 238 )

-3 5

3298

33 19 ! 3

-2 0

34 52

30 90 3

0 0

3654

28 37 3

4-3 0

39 20

25 33 3

Sp gr of Na2W04+Aq at 25°

4-5 0

41 02

2348 , 4

(Funk, B

1900, 83 3701 )

Sp gr at 20°

Per cent Na2W04

.rer cent
NasWO* 2HsO

Sodi

\r*Jtt-A.

1 02016
1 03945
1 04292

2 21
4 26
4 59

2 48

4 78
5 15

Sol in
130-150°

HiO b\ heating se\eral h
(Knorre, J pr <2> 27 hO
Sol in 13pts HjOat li

1 05831

6 25

7 01

fort, C R

88 798)

1 07449

7 83

8 79

1 08209
1 09687
1 12114
1 13036
1 14392
1 16896
1 19154

8 61
10 08
12 30
13 16
14 44
16 56
18 52

9 66
11 31
13 81
14 77
16 21
18 62
20 79

Sodium fntuugstate, NajWtQn-f 4H3
Sol in 1 pt H^> Decomp on &
into sol te/rotungstate and inso!
state (Lefort, O B 88 7% i
Neither this nor the other Zntungs
Lefort exist, according to Knorre <J

1 19938

19 10

21 44

27 49 )

1 20787

19 74

22 16

1 21720

20 59

23 11

Sodium n etatungstate, XajW4Oij

1 25041

23 16

25 99

Anhydrous Inso]

mHO

1 25083

23 30

26 15

-flOE20 Sol at 13° in 0 935 pt

1 26234

24 05

27 00

ionn a solution of 3 02 sp gr < Schea

1 28143

25 46

28 58

Sol at

19° in 0 195 pt H«O t

1 33993

29 50

33 11

Precipitated b\ alcohol

1 38826

32 68

36 68

1 41072

33 91

38 06

Sodium ^entotungstate, XajWjQ €

1 47193

37 30

41 87

SI sol mHOb\

heat me o hour-

1 48481

38 20

42 87

tknorre J Br 2 27 4Q

1 48595

38 43

43 14

O ..,]....,_* «

+A x o w.n

(Pawlewski, B 1900, 33 1224 )

Na2WO4+Aq is pptd b> HC1 H>,0 or
H2SO4-|-\q, but not b} H S03 HI, HC\
oxalic, or tartaric acids -flq but pptn b\ the
former acids 19 not prevented b> presence of
the latter, but when heated \\ith HC H30 +
Aq, or in presence of H3PO44-^q, mineral
acids cause no ppt (Zettnow, Fogg, 130

Much more sol in H O2 than in H 0
(Kellner, Dissert, 1909 )

SI sol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, \m Ch
J 1898, 20 829)

Insol in alcohol (Riche, A ch (6) 50
52 )

Insol in methyl acetate (Vaumann, B

1909, 42 3790 )
-HOEaO

mHO

b\ acids and alkalie^ Krorre
+ 12H 0 Eafcih ^ol in culu H < *

be recn st \s ithout decomp I -w

56, 2 Io7 '

3Na20, 8WO.-M7H O \ en eS5
\ en tool in hot HO \\ e -

Chem boc 1Q07 29 112

Sodium tungstate, >*ae\\ O *
lbH O (} (Marieru A c

ol )

2lH O ( 'i >Tuth more ^
more r^pidl\ thin the p r^t^. -
rienic ^

\a4TV30ii+7HO ') Mixture t
and^a^^04 iKnorrc, J or 2 5

HO

100 ptss H 0 di^uKe lu pt- *
fort, \ ch 10 9 c»7

Formula i* 4\aO 10\\O -J
cording to Gibbs (Proc \m \*. i

1096

TUNGSTATE, SODIUM

Sodium paratungstate, Nai0Wz204i+21H2O

+25HoO

+28H20 = 3NWW"7024 + 16H20, according
to Lotz and Scheibler

Sol m 8 pts cold HaO (Anthon) in 12 6 pts at 22°
(Forcher)

Sol in about 12 pts H2O (Mangnac )
The aqueous solution saturated at 35-40°
contained to 1 pt of the salt, after

1 12 77 227 410 days,
at 18° 18° 18° 16° 20°

9 25 11 26 10 92 11 90 11 74 pts H2O

The solution saturated by very long boiling,
after a part of the salt had crystallised out,
contained, after

1 2 12 days,

0 68 0 91 2 59 pts H20 to 1 pt salt,

72 222 405 days,

6 88 9 75 8 80 pts H20 to 1 pt salt
(Mangnac )

Decomp by boiling with H20 (Knorre,
B 18 2362)

Sodium strontium paratungstate, Na2O,

4SrO, 12W08+29H20
(Gonzalez, J pr (2) 36 44 )

Sodium strontium tungstate tungsten oxide,
5NaW6016, SrW4Oi2

12Na2W309, SrW4Oi2 (Engels, Z anorg
1903,37 138)

Sodium thorium tungstate, Na4Th(WO4)4

Insol in H20 Slowly sol m dil acids,
easily m cone HCl-f-Aq (Hogbom, Bull
Soc (2) 42 2 )

Sodium ytterbium tungstate, Yb20s. 9Na2O,
12W08

Insol m H20 (Cleve, Z anorg 1902, 32
154 )

2Yb208, 4Na20, 7W03 Ppt (Cleve )

Sodium yttrium tungstate, Na8Y2(WO4)?

Insol in H2O, and very slowly attacked by
dil acids (Hogbom, Bull Soc (2) 42 2 )

Sodium zinc paratungstate, Na2O. 2ZnO,
7WOS+15H2O

Difficultly sol in cold, more sol m hot H^O
(Knorre, B 19 823 )

+21H2O (Knorre )

Sodium tungstate tungsten oxide, Na2WO4
W206

Yelloiv tungsten bronze Gradually de-
liquesces on air Not dccomp by any acid,
eVen aqua regia, except HP, or by alkalies
(Wohler, Pogg 2 350)

Correct formula is NasWeOig, according
to Phillip (B 15 499)

Sol in ammomacal silver solution with
separation of Ag Easily sol in boiling
alkaline potassium ferncyanide-j-Aq
(Phillip, B 12 2234 )

Na2W04, 2W205 Blue tungsten bronze
Not attacked by acids or alkalies (Scheibler )

Correct formula is Na2W5O16. according
to Phillip (B 16 506)

Sol in ammomacal silver solution with
separation of Ag

Na4W50i6 Properties as above (Phillip,
B 16 499)

Na2"W309 Properties as above (Phillip )

Strontium tungstate, SrWO4

Precipitate (Schultze )

Sol in about 700 pts H2O (Lefort )

Strontium drtungstate, SrW207+3H20 (?)

100 com H2O dissolve 0 35 g at 15° (Le-
fort, A ch (5) 15 326 )

Strontium Zntungstate, SrW8Oio+5E2O (?)

Sol in H20 with decomp into SrW2O7 and
SrW4Oi3 (Lefort, A ch (5) 17 477 )

Strontium w^fotungstate, SrW4018+8H2O

Solubility as calcium meta tungstate
(Scheibler )

Extraordinarily sol in H2O (Wyrouboff,
Bull Soc Mm 1892, 15 63 )

Strontium paratungstate, Sr8W7024+16H2O,

or Sr5Wi204i-|-27H2O

Insol in cold, si sol m hot H20 (Knorre,
B 18 327 )

Thallous tungstate, T12WO4

Very si sol m H2O Sol in hot Na2CO3-f
Aq (Flemmmg, J B 1868 250 )

Thallous rae/atungstate, Tl2W4Oi3+3H2O

Nearly msol in H2O (Rosenheim, Z
anorg 1911, 69 251 )

Thallous pamtungstate, 5T120, 12W08

Insol in H2O

Sol m NaaCOs+Aq and KOH+Aq
decomposed bv mineral acids (Schaeffer, Z
anorg 1904, 38 171 )

Thallous hydrogen tungstate, T1HWO4

Insol mH2O Difficultly sol mNH4OH-h
Aq Easily sol m boiling alkali carbonates
or hydrates +Aq (Oettinger, J B 1864

254)

Thorium tungstate

Precipitate (Berzelius )
Insol in H2O

Tin (stannous) tungstate, SnW04+6H2O

Insol in H2O Sol in oxalic acid and in
KOH+Aq Slowly sol m hot H3P04-fAq
(Anthon, J pr 9 341 )

TUNGSTOCYANIBE, MANGANOtb

1097

Tin (stannic) tungstate, 9Sn02, 13WO, j

Insol in ammonium tunestate+Aq Sol i

in tin salts H-Aq, also m phosphoric, oxalic, i

or tartaric acids +Aq (Lotz, A 91 49 ) |

Tungsten tungstate, W02, W03 - W,0S
See Tungsten oxide, W2O6

XTxanous tungstate, U02, 3W08+6H20

Decomp by NaOH+Aq or HN03+Aq
Sol in HCl-fAq, but not in HzSO* (Ram-
xneteberg )

TJranyl tungstate, TJ03, W084-2H20

Sol in about 100 pts H2O (Lefort, C R

UO8, 3WO3-{-5H20 (?) Sol m about 200
pts H20 (Lefort)

Vanadium tungstate

SI sol in H2O

Ytterbium tungstate basic, (YbO)2W04
Ppt (Cleve, Z anorg 1902, 32 153 )

Ytterbium raetatungstate, Yb20,, 12W03-f
35HaO

Very sol in HaO (Cleve )

Yttrium tungstate, Y2(WO4)3+6H20

Very si sol in H20, but more sol in
Na2W04 +Aq (Berlin )

Zinc tungstate, ZnW04

Insol in H O (Geuther and Forsberg,
120 270)

+H2O Sol in 503 pts H20

Zinc cfotungstate, ZnW207+3H20 (?)

Sol in 10 pts H20 at 15°, but solution
soon decomposes (Lefort )

Zinc frttungstate, ZnW3Oio+5H20

Insol in boiling H20 Sol in
or Na4W6Oi7 -f Aq (Gibbs )

Zinc wc/atungstate, ZnW4Oi3+10H20
Easily sol in H20 Loses crj stal H O b\

ignition, and becomes insol m H O (Scheib-

ler, J pr 83 273 )

+8H2O More sol in H20 than mag

nesium comp (Wyrouboff, Bull Soc Mm

1892, 15 72)

Zinc tungstate, Zn4Wio034-H8H 0=4ZnO:
10WO84-18H20

Insol in H«O Sol in excess of zinc sul-
phate or of sodium tungstate -f A.q (Gibbs
Proc Am Acad 15 14)

4-29H2O (Gibbs )

Zinc pamtungstate, 5ZnO, 12W034-37HoO
(Gonzalez, J pr (2) 36 44 )

Insol in HjO ftuhta

2n\\O<t

Decomp m the air (Bnggs Clem ^oc
904, 86 677 )

Pertungstic acid
See Perttragsbc aadL

Tungstoarsemc acid
See ArsemotungstK acid.

Tungstobonc acid
See Borotungstic add.

Tungstocyanhydnc acid, H<^ (CN)t-f
6HjO

Hydroscopic

Sol m HjQ and abs alcohol Inaol in
ether, benzene etc iClsson Z anorg 1914,

88 71)

Ammonium tungstocyamde,

Easih sol in HjG \queouh ^olution de-
comp slo\\ h

Insol in organic boherts OKs>r. Z

anorg 1914, 88 62 t

Cadmium tungstocyamde, Cd5\

8HO

Nearh insol in HiO SI sol in dii HCI
Sol m cone ^H^OH-f-^Q Insol inorganic
sohents (Olsson, Z anorg 1914, 88 &s

Caesium tungstocyamde, Cs*\V C\ *
Easily sol in H O forming fct«vk -L
Insol m alcohol and other orgarit

(Gibson

Calcium tungstocyamde, Ca tt C\ s-<HjO

Easih ^ol in H 0 -Vqueou- M ^ r ae-
comp slo'w 1\

In^ol in organic M h e1" * 4 » ^ -

Lead timgstocyamde, Pb \\ C\ -4H O

Sol in H 0 ^olvit LP uet^r » « " ** » *"*
time
Insol in organic ^oh ent^ <Jl~* i

Magnesium tungstocyamde, Mg ^ C\ —
6HO

decomp on heating

in organit -oh e i - * » ^

Maneanous tungstocyamde, Mn \\ CN s —

SHO

Inboi in H O and m ^cid-
Insol in orginu sohent*. <H-*'r

1098

TUNGSTOCYANIDE, POTASSIUM

Potassium tuugstocyanide, K4W(CN)8+
2H2O

Easily sol in H2O from which it can be
cryst 10 ccm H2O dissolve 13-14 g salt
at 18°

Insol m alcohol, ether and other organic
solvents (Olsson )

Rubidium tungstocyamde, Rb4W(CN)8-f
3H20

Easily sol in H20 Can be cryst from H20
Insol in alcohol and other organic solvents
(Olsson )

Silver tungstocyamde, Ag4W(CN)g
Insol in H20

Insol in acids Decomp by dil HC1
Sol in hot cone ]SiH4OH+Aq
Insol in organic solvents (Olsson )

Sodium tungstocyamde, Na4W(CN)8-f-

Hydroscopic

Easily sol in H20

Insol m organic solvents (Olsson )

Strontium tungstocyamde, Sr2W(CN)8+
8H20, +9H20

Easily sol in H20 Aqueous solution de-
comp on standing

Insol m organic solvents (Olsson )

Thallium tungstocyamde, T14W(CN)8
Difficultly sol m cold H20, more sol in

hot H2O

Insol m organic solvents (Olsson )

Zinc tungstocyamde, Zn2W(CN)8-|-4H2O
Insol m H20, and acids
Sol mconc NH4OH+Aq (Olsson)

Metatungstoiodic acid

Ammonium metotungstoiodate,

2(NH4)20, 2I205, 4W03+12H20

Very si sol m H2O (Chretien, A ch
1S9S, (7) 15 431 )

Potassium tungstoiodate, K2H3WIO8

(Blomstrand, J pr (2) 40 327 )
2I\A 2I/)4, 4WO +8H20
5 13 g are sol m 1 1 H20 at 15°, 8 25 g
at 100° (Chretien, A ch 1898, (7) 15 431 )

Tungstopenodic acid

Ammonium sodium tungstopenodate,

2(NH4)20, Na2O, I207, 2WO8-f 16H20
Ppt (Rosenheim, A 1899, 308 64 )

Barium tungstopenodate,

5BaO, I207, 12W03+12H2O
Ppt (Rosenheim )

Potassium
5KA

Sol in H2O (Rosenheim )

Sodium tungstopenodate,

3Na20, I2<57, 2WO8+4H20

Ppt

5Na2O, I207, 12W03+16H20 Sol m
H20 (Rosenheun )

Strontium tungstopenodate,
5SrO, I207, 12W08+28H2O

Sol m H2O (Rosenheun )

Tungstophosphonc acid,
See Phosphotungstic acid

Tungstosilicic acid,
See Silicotungstic acid

Txingstotungstic acid

Lithium tungstotungstate, LL20, W08+
W02, 3WO3

Insol in boiling H2O and cone HC1
CHallopeau, C R 1898, 127 514 )

Potassium tungstotungstate, K20.

WO2, 3WOS
Insol in hot H2O, and cone HC1 (Hallo
peau, Bull Soc 1899, (3) 21 267 )

Tungstous acid

Sodium tungstite, Na2W2Os
i?ee Tungstate tungsten oxide, sodium

Tungstovanadic acid
See Vanadiotungstic acid

Tungstyl dtbromide, W02Br2

Not decomp by cold H20 (Roscoe )

Tungstyl teJrabromide, WOBr4

Extremely deliquescent Decomposes it
once in moist air or with H20

Tungstyl bichloride, W02C12

Not decomp by cold, and but slowly by
boiling H2() Sol m alkalies and arnmoni i

Tungstyl tefrachlonde, WOC14

Easily decomp by H2O or moist air

Very sol m CS2 and S2Cl2 fel sol in b< n-

zene (Smith, J Am Chem Soc 1899, 21

1008)

Tungstyl Z^mfluoride, WOF4

Sol in H2O with decomp Very hydro-
scopic

»1 in carbon tetrachlonde

URANATE, POTASSIUM

10W

SI sol in carbon bisulphide, dry benzene

ether

Easily sol in chloroform and absolute
alcohol (Ruff, Z anorg 1907, 52 265 )

1 feirofiuande ammonia, 2WOF4,

Tta"1SS

Sol in H2O with decomp
Insol in hqmd NH3 (Ruffr 2 anorg
J.907, 62 266)

Bismuth nranate, Bi^),,
Mm Crunotphatnt*

Calcitim uranate, CaU04

Insol in H/), sol in dil acids \thtu,
C R 96 988)

CaUiOr Inaol m H^O, aoi in dil tods

(Ditte )

Ultramarine blue, 2Na2Al2Si208, Na^Sa (?)
Not attacked by solutions of alkalies or
$$jK4OHH-Aq Decomp by acids or acid
salts 4- Aq Decomp by alum -J-Aq

Ultramarine green, Na2Al2Si208, Na2S (?)

Decomp by mineral acids Not attacked
by alkalies Decomp by alum -f-Aq

Ultramarine white, 2Na2Al2Si208, Na*S (?)

Uramc acid, H2UO4

Insol in H2O Sol in acids Very sol m
cold dil HNOs-f Aq SI sol in boiling
NH4Cl+Aq Insol in KOH, NaOH, or

Cobalt uranate

Insol m H*0, aol in Pb(CaHA)i
(Persoz, J pr 3 216 )

Sol in !DsO,-Kq, inaol in

_„,_ . Sq Easily sol in (NH4) C03,
KHCOs, and NaHC034-Aq, less in K C03+
Aq (Ebelmen )

Easily sol in malic and tartaric acids to
form complex compds (Itzig, B 1901, 34
3822)

HiUOs Insol in H2O, sol in acids
(Ebeknen )

TJranates

Insol in H2O, sol m acids

Ammonium uranate

SI sol in pure H2O, msol in H 0 contain
5 NH4C1 or NH4OH
Sol in (NH4)2CO3+Aq (Pehgot, \ ch
<& 1 1 \

4UO3+7H20 (Grubler, Dis

B&7^K^O 6UO3+10H2O Insol in cold
and hot H2b and alkalies-}- \q Verv sol in
H2SO4, HC1 and acetic acid + \q (Zehenter,
M 1900, 21 235 )

Barium uranate, BaUO4

Insol m H20 Sol m dil acids
BaU207 As above (Ditte, C R 95 988 )
BaU3Oio+4MH20 Nearly msol in H O,
,n a co o ^ or HNo8 and in

(Ebelmen, A ch (3) 5 222 )

Cupnc uranate, CuUjOi
Insol mHjO (Debra\,A ch (3)61,45! )

Lead aranate, PbUO<
If ignited, very difficulth aol in HCfH/>t -f

Aq (Wertheun, J pr S9 228 )
Insol in Pb(CsH/)j)s-fAq (Persoi )
3PbO, 2UO» Sol in dil HNOi-f\q

(Ditte, A ch (6/1 338 )
PbLjOio Insol m Hs0 bol in HNOi
Insol in KOH+^q, VH/3H and cold

acetic acid Sol in hot acetic acid

, M 19^,26 21o)
Pb4L Oi9+4HjO In^ol

in hot or cold

, and »
propert.es as

BaUsOio (Zebenter )

EUO Sol in H^0a Insol in KOH+^Q,
\H*OH, alcohol and ether SI sol in cold,
more easilj sol in hot acetic acid Zehenter >

Lithium uranate, Li L 04

Insol la H O, but decomp thereb\ *xil
in dil acids

Magnesium uranate, MgLO<

In^ol m H O Nearh in&ol in cold HCi-
\q fclo^h sol m HCl-\q on wirn ii c
and more rapidh b\ addit on of a little H V »
-f \n Ditte i

AvigL 0 Ppt terzel u-

Neodymium uranate, Ncl L 30 — 1XH U
Ppt .Orloff Ch Z l^J" 31 ^ ^

Potassium uranate, K 1 04

Insol mHU -ul nd1 -i ^ * «• -
as NalO Dittt

K I 0 -bHl> I^» - b *>
dil acids e\en atet t u /

B 14 440 t .

Inbol m KCO - \q ^ ^
dlkah h\drogen carbon
jjQ_j_\q (Ebehncn A

KO,4lO-DHO

2Va ] OLD +OH o

(Drenckmann Zeit g^ — - --

4-10HO Nearh in^ol m i»»' i
HO Easih sol m hot acetic ui c
HC1 and H\0 Iiyol 11 KOH-
hoi and ether i^Zehenter M I1****

>j »

M » ^

In

17

21 -J

1100

URANATE, POTASSIUM HYDROXYLAMINE

Potassium hydroxylamine uranate,
UO4(NH40) (NHs

SI sol mH20,insol in alcohol (Hofmann,

Rubidium uranate, RbU04

Insol m H2O (Ditte, A ch (6) 1 338 )

Silver uranate, Ag2U2O7

Insol mH20 Easily sol in acids (Ahbe-
goff, A 233 117)

Sodium uranate, Na2UO4 (?)

Insol in H20, sol in dil acids Sol in
alkali carbonates +Aq (Ditte )

Na2U207+6H20 Insol m H20 Sol in
dil acids (Stolba, Z anal 3 74 )

Na2O, 3U03 Insol in H20 Easily sol in
very dil acids (Drenckmann )

Na2O, 5U03-f-5H20 Insol in H2O, alco-
hol, NH4OH KOH 4- Aq Sol m HC1, HN03,
HaSO4 SI sol even on boiling in cone
acetic acid (Zehenter, M 1900, 21 235)

Sodium hydroxylamine uranate,

UO4(NH40) (NHsONa) +H2O
Sol m H20 (Hofmann, A 1899, 307 319 )
UO4(NH8ONa)2-f-6H20 Very sol m H20

(Hofmann )

Strontium uranate, SrU04

Insol in H2O Sol m dil acids

SrU2O7 As above (Ditte, C R 95 988 )

Very si sol in H2O Sol in all acids
especially oxalic

-f H2O Very si sol m H2O Sol in all
acids especially oxalic (J, C C 1896, II
512)

Thallous uranate

Ppt (Bolton, Am Chemist, 1872, 2
456)

Zinc uranate

Insol in H2O, sol in Pb(C2H3O2)2-f Aq
(Person, J pr 3 216 ) Sol m HNO3+Aq,
msol in KISiOs, and NH4N'O3+Aq (Ebel-
men A ch (3) 6 221 )

Peruramc acid
See Peruramc acid

Uranium, U

Not attacked by H2O Slowly decomp by
cold dil H2SO4+Aq, rapidly on warming
Easily sol in dil or cone HCl+Aq Pused
U is slightly attacked by cone or fuming
HNOj, or cone H2SO4 Amorphous U, how
ever, is easily attacked thereby Not at
tacked by acetic acid, KOH, NaOH, or
NH4OH+Aq (Zimmeimann, B 15 849 )

When finely divided, it is decomp by H20
slowly at ordinary temps and rapidly at
100° (Moissan, C R 1896, 122 1091 )

Uranium antunonide, U3Sb2

Violently attacked by cone HNO3 (Co-
lam, C R 1903, 137 383 )

Uranium arsenide, UaAs2

Violently attacked by cone HNO8 (Co-
am, C R 1903 137 38<* )

Uranium bonde, UB2

Sol in HNOa and HF De3omp by fused
alkalies (Wedekmd, B 1913, 46 1204 )

Uranium Znbromide, UBrs

Very hygroscopic Sol in H2O with his^-
ing (Ahbegoff, A 233 117 )

Uranium telrabronude, UBr*

Anhydrous Very deliquescent Sol in
H2O with hissing (Hermann )

Insol in alcohol (v Unruh, Dissert, 1909 )

Sol in acetone (Eidmann, C C 1899, II
1014), methyl acetate (Naumann, B 1909,
42 3790), ethyl acetate (Naumann, B
1904,37 3601)

H-8H2O Very deliquescent, and sol m
H O (Rammelsberg )

Uranium carbide, TJC2

(Ruff and Heinzelmann, Z anorg 1911.
71 72)

cold, violently on" heating (Moissan, Bull
Soc 1897, (3) 17 12 )

So] in fused KNO3 and KC103, sol in dil
acids in the cold and in cone acids on heating,
decomp by H2O (Moissan, C R 1896,
122 276)

Uranium ^nchlonde, UC18
Very sol in H2O (Pehgot )
Very unstable (Zimmermann )
Very hygroscopic Sol in H2O with de-
comp Sol in cone HC1 and solution is
much more stable than aqueous one (Rosen-
heim and Loebel, Z anorg 1908, 57 234 )

Uranium tefrachlonde, UC14

Anhydrous Extremely deliquescent

Sol in H2O with evolution of heat De-
comp on boiling feol in NH4Cl+Aq with-
out decomp

HC1 increases its solubility m H2O (Aloy,
Dissert 1901 )

Sol in alcohol, acetone, acetic ether, ben-
zoic ether Insol in ether, CHC1 and
C6H6 (Loebel )

Sol in ethyl acetate (Naumann, B 1904,
37 3601 )

Uranium pentacblonde, UCls

Deliquescent Sol in H2O with evolution
of heat and decomposition iRoscoe, B 7
1131 J

TJRANOURANIC OXIDE

1101

in acetic acid, acetic ether, benzalde-
glycerine, benzyl alcohol (trace),
benzene (trace), xylidine and p-toluidine
-warming)

'Insol in aniline, hgroin, pyndine, quinolme,
bb-ioethyl ether, thioamyi ether and CS2
(Pimmer, Dissert 1904 )

Sol in abs alcohol Insol in ether, CeHc,
oitrobenzene, etkylene bromide SI <*ol
in CCU and CHCU Sol in benzoic etlrr,
acetone and tnchloracetic acid Best solvents
are ethyl acetate and benzomtrile Sol in
- organic compounds containing oxygen
>el Dissert 1907 )

Uranium iodide

Sol in eth\ 1 acetate
37 3601)

(Naumann, B 1904

(^fluoride, TJF2+2H20
(Giokbti and Agamennone,
1905, I 1130 )

C C

Uranium teJrafluoride, UF4

Insol in H20 Very si sol in dil acids
Sol in hot cone H2S04, and slowly in warm
cone HNOs+Aq (Bolton, J B 1866 209 )

Uranium /iercafluonde, UF6

Very sol in H20 (Ditte, A ch (6) 1

339)

Fumes in the air

Very hydros opic, sol in H20 (Ruff, B
1909 42 495 )

Very hygrosaopic Sol in H2O Nearly
insol in CS2 Insol m paraffine oil Sol m
symmetrical tetrachlorethane (best solvent),
CHCla, CCU and nitrobenzene (v Unruh,
Dissert 1909)

Decomp by H20, alcohol and ether

Nearly insol in CS2

Sol m CHCla, CCU, mt obenzene and
C2H2CU (Ruff, Z anorg 1911, 72 81)

Uranium hydrogen fluoride, TJF6, 8HF (?)
Sol m H20 (Ditte )
Is U02F2, HF H-H20 (SmitheUs )

Uranous hydroxide, U02, rcH20

Easily sol in dil acids

Insol in alkali hydrates
+Aq (Berzehus )

Sol m alkali carbonates +Aq

U(OH)4 Sol in dil acids
Soc 1899, (3) 21 613 )

TJranouramc hydroxide, U308, 6H20 (?)

Easily sol in acids . .

Decomp by (NH4)2CO3+Aq, which dis-
solves out UO3 (Berzehus )

TTramc hydroxide
See ITranic acid

Uranium tefraiodide, UI4

Sol in H20 (Guichard, C R 1907, 145
921)

Uranium nitride, UaN4

(Colam, C R 1903 137 383 )

Uranium suboxide, UO (?)

(Guyard, Bull Soc (2) 1 89 )

Does not exist (Zimmermann, \ 213
301 )

U203(?) Ppt Decomp b\ H^O and m
the air (Pehgot)

Uranium &oxide (Uranous oxide), UO»

Insol m dil HC1 or H SO44- \q

Sol in cone H SO4, and easdj in HNO»-h
Aq (Pehgot )

Insol in NH4Cl+Aq (Rose )

Only si sol in HaSO4, but a considerable
amount is converted into the sulphate "*hich
is nearly insol m H2SO4

Slowly sol in HC1, the amount dissolved
in a given time varying widely with the
method of preparation of the oxide (Colam,
C E 1912, 155 1251 )

SI more sol in HNO3 than in aqua regia,
(Raynaud, Bull Soc 1912, (4) 11 802 )

Very sol in cone HX03, less sol m dii
HN03 1 gram is sol in 3100 grams HC1
(1 17) at 17°, 4650 grams HBr(l o2j at 17°,
2200 grams EaSCMl 79) at 17°, 12,000 grams
acetic acid at 19° (Ravnaud, C R 1911,
153 1481)

SI attacked b} liquid XH3 (Gore, AJB
Ch J 1898, 20 830 )

Mm Uranmite Easih sol in \varm
HNOa+Aq Not attacked b\ HCl-\q

Uranium inoxide (Uramc oxide), UO3

Sol mHINOs+^q (Pehgot J

Insol in boiling K tartrate — \q ^ah
lenbergandHaher,\m Ch J 1894,16 102

Sol in oleic acid (Gibbons, \rch Pharm
1883, 221 621 )

See Uramc acid

and carbonates
(Rammels-
(Aloy, Bull

(Fairle\ Chem
< Zimmer

Uranium te roxide, U04

Decomp b\ HCl+\q
Soc 31 133)

+2H 0 \ en
mann )

+3HO

Uranium peroxide, U Os

Sol in acids (Pehgot )

Mixture of L03 and L 0, tRammels
berg, Pogg 59 o )

Mixture of UO and L 3OS
A 232 273)

Uranouranic oxide, UsOs

Green uranium oxide V erv
slightly sol in dil HC1 or H bC
easily when cone Completely
mg H2S04 Easily sol in H\O3+ \q

(Zmimermanr

slowly an
sol m boL

1104

VANADATE, AMMONIUM

Solubility in salts +Aq at t°

HV03, 3NH30, 2NH3=V06N6Hi6 Rap
dly decomp by H2O (Hofmann an
vohlschutter )

Ammonium potassium vanadate, K^V^Oi

(NH4)4V6017+9H20
Sol in H2O (Ditte, C R 104 1844 )

Ammonium sodium vanadate, Na2V401

(NH4)4VeOi7-H5H2O
Sol in H20 (Ditte, C R 104 1841 )

Ammonium uranyl vanadate, (NEWsO, 2UO
V206+H20
"Insol in H20. NH^OH+Aq, or di
HC2H302H-Aq (Carnot, C R 104 1850)

Barium wetovanadate, BaCVOsh+HaO
Somewhat sol in H2O before igmtio
Sol m cone H2S04 (Berzelius )

Salt solution

t°

Solubility
mol per litre

0 05-N NH4CH-Aq

18
25
35
45
55

0 01419
0 02246
0 04445
0 07575
0 09544

0 1-N NH4Cl+Aq

18
25
35
45
55

0 00356
0 00995
0 02347
0 04507
0 06314

0 05-N NH^NOs+Aq

18
25

0 01433
0 02364

0 1-N NH4NOs+Aq

18
25

0 00497
0 01050

(Meyer, Z Elektrochem, 1909, 15 267 )

Insol in alcohol (v Hauer )
(6) Sol m cold H2O, from which it is pptd
by alcohol (Berzelius )

Ammonium cfevanadate,

Sol in HaO. from which it is precipitated
bv sat N*H4C5H-Aq or alcohol (v Hauer,
W A B 21 337 )

Correct formula is sTioj,

according; to Rammelsberg (BAB 1883 3 )

H-3H20 Very sol in H20 (Ditte, C R
102 918)

Ammonium invanadate,

Anhydrous Nearly insol in hot or cold
H20 (Norblad ,B 8 126)

1 5 g dissolve in 1 litre of boiling H2O
(Ditte. C R 102 918 )

+5H 0 Very si sol in H2O (Ditte )

4-bHsO (0 Very sol in H20 (v Hauer,
W A B 39 455)

Could not be obtained (Norblad, also
Rammdsberg, BAB 1883 3 )

Ammonium vanadate, (NH4)sV7OioH-2H2O
Coriect formula of v Hauer's ffovanidate

according to Rammclsberg (BAB 1883 3)
SI sol in H2O

Ammonium 6esgr/nvanadate,

4 or 6H2O
Very sol m H2O (Ditte, C R 102 918

Ammonium pentavanadate,

10H20

Sol in HO (Rimmclsberg,B A B 1883
3)

Ammonium hydroxylamine vanadate,

VOoN3H10

Rapidly decomp by H O (Hofminn an
Kohlschutter, Z anorg 1898, 16 472 )

Barium p^ovanadate, Ba2V2C>7
Somewhat sol in H20 (Roscoe )

Barium vanadate, Ba2V6Oi7+14H2O

(Ditte, C R 104 1705 )

Ba3Vio028+19H2O 1 pt is sol in 521
pts H20 at 20-25° Much more sol in he
but decomp bv boiling H2O (v Hauer, A
A B 21 344)

Sol m about 5000 pts H2O (Manasse, '
1886 773)

Ba4Vio029+2H20 (Norblad )

Bismuth vanadate, Bie(VC>4)2

Mm Puchente Sol m HCl+Aq wi
evolution of Cl

Cadmium vanadate, Cd(VOy)2

(Ditte, C R 102 918 )

CdV0Oin+24H2O SI sol mHaO (Dit
C R 104 1705 )

Cadmium potassium vanadate, CdK2VeOi7

+9H20

(Rxdau, A 251 148)

Cd3Vio028, KrV1002«+27H20 1000 p
H,O dissolve 5 4 pts it 18° (Radau )

Cadmium vanadate bromide, 3Cd8(VO<

CdBr2

Very sol in dil acids (de Schulten, Bv
Soc 1900, (3)23 IbO)

Cadmium vanadate chloride, 3Cds(VO

CdCl2

Very sol m dil acids (de Schulten, Bi
Soc 1900, (3) 23 159 )

Caesium raetfavanadate, CsV08

(ChabriS, A ch 1902, (7) 26 228 )

VANADATE, LEAD ZINC

1105

ftjcium wetavanadate, Ca(V08)2-HH20
ucb more sol than Sr(V03)2, and solu-
is not precipitated by alcohol (Ber-
is )

~r-3H20 Sol in H2O2, insol in alcohol
r, Z anorg 1898, 16 304 )

Calcium p2/rovanadate, Ca2V207+5H20

U^recipitate

^2HaO Very sol in dil acids (Ditte
r£ 104 1705 )

(Roscoe )

dtvanadate, CaV4On+9H20

sol in H2O (v Hauer )
fused is nearly insol in H20

;20 (Manasse, A 240 23 )

(v

:alcium wanadate, CaV6O17+12H20
V«-sry sol m H20 (Ditte, C R 104 1705 )

Calctum vanadate, Ca3V8023+15H20
Sol in H20 (Manasse, A 204 23 )
CasVi4088+7H20 (?) SI sol in H20

Probably a mixture (Manasse, A 240 23 )
CasVi6043+26H2O Sol in H20 (Man-

asse, A 240 23 )

Calcium copper vanadate, (Ca, Cu)4V209+
H20

Mm Volborthite Sol in HNO3+Aq

Calcium potassium vanadate, CaK8V2o065+

22H20
Sol inH20 (Manasse, A 240 23)

Calcium vanadate chloride, Ca3(V04)2, CaCl2
(Hautefeuille, C R 77 896 )

Chromium vanadate, CrVO4

Absolutely insol in H20 containing
NH4C2H302 and HC2Hj()2 (Carnot, C R
104 1850)

Cobaltous mefavanadate, Co(VOs)2+3H20

Easily sol in H2O (Ditte, C R 104
1705 )

Cobaltous potassium vanadate,

+8H20

1000 pts H20 dissolve 4 8 pts of this salt
(Radau, A 251 140 )
Co3K2Vi4039+21H2O (Padau )

Cupric weiavanadate

Sol ni H20 (Berzelms )

Cupric py^ovanadate, Cu2V207+3H20
Sol in hot H2O (Ditte, C R 104 1705 .
Could not be obtained (Radau, A 251

150)

Cupnc lead vanadate, 5(Cu, Pb)0,
2H20

Mm Mottramite
3CuO, V206, 3(3PbO, \
.2H2O Min Pstitacinmte

Cupnc potassium vanadate,

17S20

Moderately sol in warm HjO 100 pta
H20 dissolve 11 1 pts at 18° (Padau, \
251 151 )

Didymium vanadate, Di2(V04)s

Precipitate (Cleve )

Di2V10O3o+28H2O Precipitate (Cleve,
Bull Soc (2) 43 365 )

Glucinum metavanadate (?)
Difficultlv sol in H20 (Berzelius )

Glucinum ^vanadate (?)
Difficultly sol mH2O (Berzelius )

Indium metovanadate, In(VOt)a-f2HjO
Ppt (Renz, Dissert 1902 )

Iron (ferrous) wzetavanadate
Ppt Sol mHCl+A.q (Berzehus )

Iron (ferric) wetovanadate
Somewhat sol in H20 (Berzehus )

Lead wefovanadate, Pb(V03)2

SI sol in H 0 Easily sol in warm dil
HNO3-f\q Not completel> decomp b\
H2S04 or b> boiling with X CO3+ A.q (Ber-
zelius )

Mm Dechemte Easily sol in dil EX03-f
Aq, and decomp b> HCl+Aq

Lead pt/rovanadate, basic, 2Pb2V 07, PbO

Insol in boding H 0 or HC HS0 De-
comp b} HN03+^q with separation of ^\ O5,
which dissolves on \varmmg (Roscoe )

Lead p2/rovanadate, Pb2V207

Sol in T\arm dil HN03+ \q (Ditte, C R
104 1705 )

Mm De&doi~ite Sol in cold dil H\03-r

Aq

Lead ^vanadate, PbV4On
(Ditte, C R 104 17(b )

Lead or^ovanadate, Pb3(V04)2

Insol in H20 (Roscoe, \ suppl 8 109 j

Lead zinc oriAovanadate, 4Pb3(V04) ,

3Zn3(V04)2

Mm Eusynchite Easily sol in HNO3+
Aq

1106

LEAD ZINC

tea& zinc vanadate, (Pb, Zn)4V269-f H20

Min Desclmzite Sol m excess of HNO3+
Aq

Lead vanadate chloride, 3Pb3(V04)2, PbCl2

Min Vanadimte Easily sol in HNO34-
Aq

Lithium vanadate, basic, Li8V2O8+6H2O
Sol m H2O (Ditte, C K 104 1168 )
Li8V2Os-{-H2O, and 14H2O Sol m H2O

(Ditte )

Lithium mefovanadate, LiV08
Easily sol in H20 (Berzehus )
-f 2H2O Quite easily sol in H2O (Ram-

melsberg, B A B 1883 3)

Lithium cfovanadate, Li2V4Oii-f-9H2O

Very sol in H2O (Nbrblad )

Correct formula is Li8V6Oi4-l-12H2O
(Rammelsberg )

+8, or 12H2O (Ditte, C R 104 1168 )

Lithium or^ovanadate, Li3V04

Insol in H2O (Rammelsberg, BAB
1883 3)

Lithium pg/nramadate, Li4V207-f-4H20
Very sol in H20 (Rammelsberg, B 16

1676)

+3H2O (Ditte, C B 104 1168-)

Lithium vanadate, LisV60i4+7H20

Difficultly sol in H2O (Rammelsberg )

H-12H2O Very efflorescent Correct for-
mula for v Hauer's cfovanadate (Rammels-
berg )

Li4V6On-f 16H20 Sol in H20 (Ditte,
C R 104 1168)

+ 15H2O (Rammelsberg )

+11H,0 (R )

+3H20 (R )

Li6V4Oi3+15H20 Not very easily sol in
H2O (Rammelsberg )

Li0V8O23-H12H20 Moderately sol m H20
(Rammelsberg )

LijoVi2036+30H20 Efflorescent Very
sol in H2O (Rammelsberg )

Magnesium ?n^avaiiadate, Mg(V08)2
Very easily sol in H 20 (Berzehus )
+6H2O Very sol in H/) (Ditte, C R

104 1705)

Magnesium cfovanadate, MgV4On-f-8H2O

Difficultly sol in H2O, but murh more sol
than barium divanadate (v Hauer )
+9H/> (Ditte, C 11 104 17()r) )

Magnesium f^vanadate, Mg2V6Oi7+4MH2O
Very si sol in H2O (Manasse, A 240
23)

Magnesium vanadate, Mg8V10O28+28H2Q

Sol in H2O (Suguira and Baker, Chem
Soc 35 715 )

wietovanadate, Mn(V08)2+

Very si sol in cold, somewhat more sol in
hotH20 Easily sol mdil acids (Radau, A
251 125)

SI sol in Ha02, inso] m alcohol (Scheuer,
Z anorg 1898, 16 304 )

Manganous p^ovanadate, Mn2V207

SI sol mhotdil HNO3+Aq (Ditte, C R
96 1048)

Manganous potassium vanadate,

+8H20
100 pts H20 dissolve 1 7 pts salt at 18°

Easily sol in acids (Radau, A 251 129 )
3MnaV8O23, K6V8023-h54H20 (Radau)
7Mn(VO3)2, 2KVO3+25H20 (Radau)
HMn(VO8)2, 2KV03+48H20 (Radau)

Mercuric vanadate

SI sol in H20

Nickel vanadate, Ni(V03)2
Sol in H2O (Ditte, C R 104 1705)

Nickel ortf/iovanadate, Ni8(V04)?

Insol in H20, sol m HN"08+Aq (Ditte,
C R 96 1049)

Nickel ^vanadate, NiV4Ou+3H20
Sol in H20 (Ditte, C R 104 1705 )

Nickel potassium vanadate, 5Ni(V03)2,
2KV03+25E20

Ni3K2Vio029+17H20 Very si sol in hot
H2O

NiKV604-h8H2O

2Ni4Vi4039, Is8Vi4O39+69H20 1000 pts
H2O dissolve 1 7 pts of salt at 17 5° (Radau,
A 251 137)

Potassium vanadate, basic, K8V209+20H20
Sol m H2O (Ditte, C R 104 902 )

Potassium wetavanadate, KVOa

Anhydrous Slowly sol m cold, mor6
easily in hot H2O Insol in alcohol (Ber
zelrus )

Completely sol in a little cold H2O (Nor
blad )

+H2O Sol in H2O (Ramibelsberg )

+ 1J4H20 (Ditte)

+1HH20 (Ditte)

+2H2O (Ditte )

-f 3H20 (Ditte, C R 104 902 )

-j-7H2O (Rammelsberg )

VANADATE, SODIUM

1107

Potassium ^vanadate, K2V4Oii+4H20
Sol m cold or lukewarm H20 Decomp bv

bot H20 (Rammelsberg )
-f 3H2O (Berzehus )
-j-3^H20 Sol in warm H20 (Norblad )
4-8 or 10H20 (Ditte, C R 104 902 )
H-6H20 (Ephraim, Z anorg 1903, 35 76 )

Potassium vanadate cyanide* K4\ iOj, 4KC\
Pettr*en Z anorg

Potassium invanadate,

Anhydrous Nearly insol m H20 (\or-
blad)

-f 6H20 Insol in cold or hot H20 (NTor-
blad )

4-1, and 5H20 (Ditte, C R 104 902 )

Potassium ortffovanadate, K8V04H-4J^ or
6H20

Deliquescent Sol in H2O (Ditte, C R
1O4 902)

Decomp by H20 into K4V2O7 and KOH
(Rammelsberg, BAB 1883 3 )

Potassium p^ovanadate, K4V207-h3H20

Dehquescent Easily sol in H20 Insol
m alcohol (Norblad )

-MEM) (Ditte, C R 104 902 )

^Potassium vanadate, K3V5Ou+5E2O

100 pts H2O dissolve 192 pts at 175°

CRadau, A 251 120 )
4-4MH20 (Radau )
K4V60,7-f2H20 Slowly sol in H2O

(Rammelsberg )

+6H20 (Ditte C R 104 902)
4-7H20 (Friedheim B 23 1526 )
K4Vio027-hl2HO Very sol m H_0

(Manasse, A 240 42 )

K10V8025+7H2O Sol m HO (Rammels-

eK2V8021+!HH20 Very si sol in H20
(Ephraim. Z anorg 1903, 35 75 )

K4Vi8O47 (Ephraim, Z anorg 1903
35 78)

Potassium sodium vanadate, 2(2K20,3\ 05)

3(2Na20, 3V206)+30H 0
(Friedheim, Z anorg 1894, 5 442 )
2K20, 3V206, 4(2Na20, 3V 06)+3oH 0

904, 38 343 \

amanum vanadate, SmsO,,
(Cleve )
+24H2O (Cleve >

amanum o^Aovanadate
Precipitate

Silver »»€tovanadate, AgVO»
Sol m HNOi or dil

(Her-

zelius)

Insol in liquid NH« (Gorer Am Ch J
898, 20 829 )

Silver otffcovanadate, Ag»\ O4

Ppt Easily sol inHNO»or \H/)H4-Aq
(Roscoe, Proc Bo\ Soc 18 316 j

Efflorescent
5 441)

(Friedheim, Z anorg 1894

Potassium strontium vanadate, R SrsVnO

20H2O

Sol in H20 (Manasse, \ 240 23 )
K2Sr3Vi4O39+30HO As above (Man

As above (Man

asse )

Potassium zinc vanadate, KZnV6Oi4-f8H20
1000 pts H20 dissolve 4 1 pts of the sal

(Radau

Easih decomp
Insol m alcohol

Sflver pt/rovanadate,
Ppt (Roscoe )
Sol in \H*OH-h\q

1705)

(Ditte C R 104.

Silver vanadate,

Sol in 21 414 pts H*Q at 14 and 13bl7
pts at 100° (Carnelle\ \ 166 15o

Silver vanadate ammonia, 6 A^ 0 ?, 4XH j 4-

8H20
(Ditte, C R 104 1705

Sodium vanadate, basic, \as^ 08^-2b or

30HO
\ er\ sol in H 0 Ditte

Sodium metavanadate, "Na\ Oj

Inhydrou^ blo\\h ^ol r CL!U \f\ e^ i\
in hot H O (Norblad

100 g HO di^ohe at

25° 40° bO° 7o

2110 2623 3297 3ss5g\a\U,
(Me \darn and Pierle J ^m Cuen, xoe
1912, 34 606 j

+2H O La^ih &ol ir H < >

100 g HOdiSboheat
25° 40C bO
Io23 2993 6b3os Na\U

\t 75° a \alue ^as obtained *bic* ^ *~i
that the solid phase had charged m ) the
less sol modification McVup ^ I -le
J Am Chem boc 1^^^'

+ !7HO (Ditte C F 104 Ittoi

+3,"4 and 5H O 'Ditte

Sodium dtvanadate,

e\en in vsarni H < >

but easih sol on addition ot acid-

1108

VANADATE, SODIUM

+9H2O Easdy sol m cold H20 Insol

in alcohol (Norblad )

•f 5H2O (Ditte, C R 104 1061 )

Not obtained by Rammelsberg (BAB

1883 3 )

Sodium ^mranadate, Na2V6Qi6+9H20
Insol in cold or hot H20 (Norblad )
Composition is Na6Vi6O43+24H20 (Ram-
sberg )
°H2O (Ditte, C R 104 1061 )

anadate, Na8V04+16H20
in H20, but decomp into
KOH Precipitated by an ex-

(Roscoe, A suppl 8 102 )
Sail, Chem Soc 61 96 )
12H20 Less sol in dil NaOH
H20 (Baker, A 229 286 )

anadate, Na4V207-f-18H2O

in H20 Insol in alcohol

tiol (Ditte, C R 104 1061 )
Ditte )

Insol in H20 or NH4OH+Aq
(Rammelsberg )

+10H20 (Norblad )

4-16H2O Efflorescent (Rammelsberg )

-flSHjjO (Ditte )

Sodium penfovanadate, Na4Vio027+3V2H20

Scarcely sol in H20 (Rammelsberg )

Sodium vanadate, Na6V4Oi8-f 6H20

Difficultly sol in cold H2O (Carnelley,
A 166 155)

•f 2H2O (Carnelley )

Na0VlcO43+24H20 Correct formula for
Norblad's ^nvanadate (Rammelsberg )

Na20. 4V2Ofi+7^H2O (Baragiola, Dis-
sert 1902)

3NaO, 5V2O6-|-22H2O (Prandtl and
Lustig, Z anorg 1907, 63 405 )

4Na2O, 7V206+^H2O (Friedheim, Z
anorg 1894, 6 41* )

5Na2O, 8V206+39H20 Sol in H20
(Friedheim, Z anorg 1894, 6 441 )

Sodium vanadate fluoride, 2Na3V04, NaF+

19H20

Sol in H2O (lUrnrnclsborg, W Ann 20
928)

Stontium metavanadate, Sr(V03)2-f-4H2O
Difficultly sol in cold H2O (Noi bUcl )

Strontium chvanadate, SrV4On+9H2O

SI sol in H20, but much more sol than
barium chvanadate (v Hauer )

Sol in H202+Aq free from H2SC
Insol in alcohol (Scheuer, Z anorg 189
16 303)

Strontium ^vanadate, SrV6Oi6-f 14H2O

Sol m H20, but decomposes slowly <
boihng Easdy sol in hot H O acidifi<
with HC2Hs02, and crystallizes therefro
without decomp (v Hauer, J pr 76 15(

Strontium ^e^ravanadate, SrV8O2i+llH2O

Sol m hot H2O with partial decompositio
(Manasse, A 240 34 )

Strontium vanadate, Sr3V8028+14H2O
Sol in H2O (Manasse, A 240 23 )
Sr4Vi4Os9+30H20 Sol in H2O (Nc

blad)

Thallous metovanadate, T1VO8

Sol in 11,534 pts H20 at 11°, and 47
pts at 100° (Carnellev )

Thallous or^Aovanadate, T1SV04

SI sol in H20 Sol in 999 pts H20 at 1'
and 574 p s at 100° (Carnellev, Che
Soc (2) 11 323 )

Thallous ps/Twanadate, Tl4V2Or

Sol m 4996 pts H20 at 14°, and 3840 p
H2O at 100° (Carnelley )

Thallous vanadate, Tli2V8028

Sol m 3406 pts H20 at 14°, and 533 p
at 100° (Carnelley )

Tl12Vi003i Sol m 9372 pts H2O at 1
and 3366 pts at 100° (Carneliey )

Tli2Vi404i Ppt (Carnelle\ )

Thorium vanadate, ThsOi2(VO)4, 16V2O6
24H20 (?)

Sol inH20 (Cleve)
ThO2, V2Oe+6H2O Sol m acids (Vole
Z anorg 1894 6 167

Uranyl vanadate, 2U03, V2O6, (UO2)2V2(
Insol in H20 (Carnot, C H 104 !Sr>

Vanadium vanadate, 2V02, V206=V4O9

Insol m H2O Sol in dil H2SO4 or HN
+A i T? r/ 1 » I1 <nv ^

felowh >\ I c x HNOj-fAq Slou
sol mNH4OH-t-Aq Reasilysol in HC1 +
(Ditte, C R 101 1487 )

+2VaHiO (Brierley )

2VO2, 2V2O5+8H2O Insol in IE
(Brierley, Chpm boc 49 31 )

Ytterbium vanadate, 3Yb203, 5V2O6+3H2(
YhaO,, 15V05 Ppt (Cleve, Z ano
1902, 32 150)

Yttrium vanadate

Precipitate (Berzehus )

VANADIOMOLYBDATE, AMMONIUM

1109

lac vanadate, Zn(VO8)2-f2H20
Sol in H20 (Ditte, C R 104 1705 )

Sine p^ovanadate, Zn2V207
Appreciably sol in H2O (Ditte, C R
>6. 1048)

^ervanadic acid
See Pervanadic acid

fanadicotungstic acid

vanadicotungstate,
3(NH4) A V2O«, 8WO3+10H20
Very sol in H2O

, Insol in organic solvents (E F Smith
r Am Chem Soc 1903, 25 1227 )

Panadicovanadic acid

vanadicovaoadate, (NH4)20.
2V02, 4V205+8H20 ^2 '

SI sol in cold and warm H2O (Gibbs,

n Ch J 7 209 )

(3STH4)A 2V204, 2V205+14H20 Sol in
SaO (Bnerley. Chem Soc 49 30 )

3(NH4)20, 2V204, 4V206+6H20 Insol
n H2O (Bnerley )

^otassium , 2K2O, 2V204, V206+6H20

Sol m hot H3O (Bnerley, Chem Soc

L9 30)
5K20, 2V204, 4V/)s-fH20 Insol m H20

Bnerley )

K2O, V204, 8V205 Insol m H20
Sbl m cone H2SO4 (Prandtl, B 1905,

[8 660 )

3oditun , 2Na2O, 2V2O4, V206-f 13H20

Easily sol in HiO Insol in cone solu-

lons of salts, especially acetate (Bnerley,

Dhera Soc 49 iO )
2Na20, V204, 5V206 Insol in H20 Sol

n cone H2S04 Not attacked by boiling

svifch. cone HNO3 Slowly attacked by hot

ill NH4OH+Aq (Prandtl, B 1905, 38

359 )

Vanadioarsemc acid
See Arsemovanadic acid

Vanadioiodic acid
See lodovanadic acid.

Vanadiomolybdic acid, 8Mo03, V206-f
5H20

Very si sol, m H2O, and si sol m boiling
HISTOs+Aq (Ditte, 6 R 102 757 )

Could not be obtained (Fnedheim, B
24 1173 )

Ammonium vanadiomolybdate,

(NH4)20, V206, 2Mo08+4H20
Nearly msol m H2O (Fnedheim and
Dastendyck, B 1900,33 1615)

(NH4)20, 2V2Ofi, 2Mo08+8H20 Nearly
soljn H20 (Fnedheim and Castendyck )

2(NH4)20, V20fi, 3Mo03+6H20 (Euler-
Chelpm, Dissert, 1895 )

(NH4)20, V205, 3Mo08+17H2Q (Euler-
Chelpin )

2(N-H4)A V205, 4Mo08+7H20 and +
8H20 (Euler-Chefpin,)

3(NH4)20, 2V206, 4Mo08-f 7H20 (Milch,
Dissert Berlm, 1887 )

4- 9H20 Sol in H20 (Ditte, C R 102
1019 )

-f 11H20 Easily sol in H20 Correct
composition of above compounds is =
(NH4) A 2V205+2[NH4)20, 2Mo03]+llH20
(Fnedheim, B 24 1173 )

Moderately sol in H20 and can be re-
cryst therefrom (Euler-Chelpm, Dissert,
1895 )

2(NE4)20, 3V206 4Mo03+llH2O Near-
ly insol in H20 (Fnedheun and Casten-
dyck, B 1900,33 1615)

2(NH4)2O, 2V206, 5Mo03 Nearly insol
in cold H20 (Euler-Chelpm, Dissert 1895 )

-f 8H20 Nearly msol in H20 (Fried-
heim and Castendyck, B 1900, 33 1615)

3(NH4) A 2V205, 5Mo03+8HH20 Very
easily sol in H20 (Liebert, Dissert 1891 )

4(NH4) A 12V2Ofi, 5MoOs+24H2O Prac-
tically insol inHjjO (Fnedheim and Casten-
dyck, B 1900, 33 1615 )

2(NH4)20, V205, 6Mo03-|-5H20 Sol
m a large amount of H20 (Gibbs, Am Ch
J 5 361)

+6H20 Rather si sol in H20

Easily sol in acids (Liebert, Dissert,
1891 )

Composition is double the above formula,
or —

4(NH4) A 2V206, 12Mo03+12H O
Rather difficultly sol in H2O Composition
is (NH4)A 2V205+3[NH4)20, 4Mo03]
(Fnedheim )

3(NH4)20, V205, 6Mo03+7H20 (Isen-
burg, Dissert, 1901 )

5(NH4)20, 4V2O5, 6MoOs-fl2H20 and
-h!4H20 (Euler-Chelpm, Dissert, 1895 )

5(NH4)2O 3V2O5, 7MoO3+13H20 and
+ 16H20 Sol m H20 and can be recryst
therefrom (Toggenburg, Dissert, 1902 )

5(NH4)20, 3V2O5, 8MoO3-H14H20
(Stamm, Dissert, 1905 )

5(NH4)20, 2V205, 12Mo03+10H2O Quite
easily sol in H20 Composition is (NH4) A
2V206+4[(NH4)20, 3MoO3]+10H20

6(NH4)20, 3V205, 12MoO3+21H20 Sol
in H20 Composition is (NH4)20, 3V206+
5(NH4)20, 12Mo03 (F )

8(NH4)20, 4V206, 13MoO3+21H20 Sol
in H20 (Isenburg, Dissert, 1901 )

8(NH4)20, V205, 18Mo06+15H20 De-
comp by hot H2O (Gibbs ) Could not
be obtained (Fnedheim )

10(NH4)20, 3V2O6, 24Mo08+10H20 Sol
in H20 (Milch ) Could not be obtained
(Fnedheim )

1110

VANADIOMOLYBDATE, AMMONIUM BARIUM

Ammonium barium vanadiomolybdate*
5(NH4) A ISBaO, 6V206, 36Mo08

(Milch )

(NH4)2O, BaO, V206, Mo08+6H20
(Euler-Chelpm, Dissert, 1896 )

3(NH4)2O, BaO. 3V205, 5Mo03-f9H2O
SI sol m cold and not H2O (Euler-Chelpm )

Ammonium potassium , (NH4)A 3K20,

2V205, 4MoO,+5H20
Decomp by H20 (Euler-Chelpm,)
(NH4)2O. 3K20, 3V206, 5Mo08+9H20

(Euler-Chelpm )
H(NH4)20, 3J£K20, 3V2Ofi, 5Mo03+

16H20 Sol in H20 (Jacoby, Dissert

1900)

Ammonium sodium , (NH4)20, NaaO,

2V2O6, 6MoO8+12H20
(Euler-Chelpm, Dissert, 1896 )

Barium , BaO, V2O6, Mo08+7H20

(Euler-Chelpm )

Banum , 3BaO, 2V2Ofi, 6Mo03

(Milch )

-h8H2O (Euler-Chelpm )

5BaO, 4V2Ofi, 6Mo08+28H20 Sol m
hot H20 (Euler-Chelpm )

3BaO, V206, 8Mo03-f-2BaO, H20, V2O6,
8Mo08+28H2O Sol m hot H20 (Gibbs,
Am Ch J 6 361)

7BaO, 3V2O6) 18Mo03+16H20 = BaO,
3V2O6+6(BaO, 3Mo08)-f 16H20 SI sol
in H20

-j-3bH2O and +48H20 (Liebert, Dis-
sert 1891)

Potassium , K20, V205, 3Mo08+15H20

Nearly msol m cold H2O (Euler-Chelpm,
Dissert, 1896)

U\A 2V2Of 4MoO,+8HiO-K»0, 2V206
H-2(K/), 2MoOi)+8H2O

Very «ol m HjO (Fnedheim )

+7H2O Easily sol in cold II 0 (Fuler-
Chelpin )

H-<)H/> E wily sol m cold H O (Euler-
Chelpm )

2K2O, 2V2Ofi, r>MoOi-|-10H/) Nt irlj
msol in ( old, ver> si sol in hot H/) (> uler
Ohelnin )

3h O V Of, CMoO,-K)H 0 (Filler Chcl
pin )

2K2O V2Of, f»MoOi+OH2O \erysl sol
in (old easily sol in hot H O (Liehert )

2Vrf)fl-HflM% f4MoO,)-hl2H26 bl srl
m H O (Fnedheim )

r)l\ 0 2\ Of 12MoOT-f 12H/) = K/)
2V2O+4(K2O, ^Mo()0 + 12PI2O Knthcr si
sol in H2O f Fnedheim )

bl sol m cold eisilv sol in hot H 0 j
(Liabert, Dissert 189L)

3K20, V206, 12MoO8+15HaO ,

Potassium sodium vanadiomolybdate, K2O,

4Na20, 2V20«, 12Mo084-18H2O
(Euler-Chelpm Dissert 1896 )

Sodaum -, 2Na20, V206, 6MoO8+16H20

(Euler-Chelpm, Dissert, 1896 )

Vanadiophosphonc acid
See Phosphovanadic acid

Vanadioselemous acid, 3V2O«, 4SeO2+

4H20

+6H20 Difficultly sol m H20 Can be
cryst from H20

+ 10H2O Difficultly sol m H20 Can be
cryst from H20 (Prandtl, B 1905, 38
1307)

Ammonium vanadioselemte,

4(NH4)20, 6V20«, 5SeOs-|-13H20
SI sol m H2O Decomp by boiling H20
3(NH4)2O 3V206 6Se02+2H20 Ppt

(Prandtl, B 1905,38 1309)
(NH4hHV«017, 12SeO2+2H2O Ppt
+4H20 Ppt (Prandtl, Z anorg 1911,

73 231)

Ammonium silver , 22/8(NH4)2O, li/8Ag20,

6V206, 5SeO2+12H20,-j-16H2O and
+22H20
(Piandtl, Z, anorg 1007, 63 402 )

Lithium , 4Li20, 6V2O6, 5SeO2-f 30H20

Very sol m H/) (Prandtl )

Potassium , 4K20, 6V206, ^®dO2-f-

13H20

3I\A iVjOr, GSoO (Pruultl, B. l<)()f>
38 1J09)

Sodium , 4Na20, 6V2O6, 6ScOs+3QHaO

Verv sol in HO (Piuultl / moig
1907, 53 403}

Vanadiosulphunc acid, V Or, 3&03 +
Deliquescent Sol uiIIO hut iM(l(«

b\ hoiluiff (Ditt( C 1' 102 7r>7 1
See Sulphate, vanadium

Vanadiosulpurous acid

Ammonium vanadiosulphite,

3(V 04,SO ), (NH4),0, SO +4H O
(Gim, C K 1<X)7 144 1 1 >S )

Caesium , (V 04,S02), 3(Cs2O,SO2)

8H20

i un )

Lithium —
In 8H20

(Gam )

-, (V204)SOZ), 5(Li20,S02

VAJSTADIOTU^GSTATE, SODIUM

tiu

Potassium
S02,(

(Gam )

Rubidium
2H20

(Gam )

Sodium -
2H20

(Gam )

Thallium, •
8H20

(Gam )

vanadiosulphite,

than .preceding sajt Decomp by boiling or
by mineral acids (Rosenheim )

Composition is 4BaO, 12W03, 3V2O8 +
30H20 -

-, (V204,S02),

5(V204,S02), (Na20,S02)4-

3(V204,S02), (T120,S02) +

Vanadiotungstic acid, 6H20, V206, 10W08
+16H2O

Very si sol in cold, more easily in hot H20
(Gibbs, Am Ch J 6 361 )

6H20 V2O5, 16W08+30H20 Readily
sol infliO (Gibbs)

17H20 4V2O5, 16WO3+24H20 SI sol
in cold, easily in hot H20 (Rosenheun. A
261 228)

Aluminum sodium vanadiotungstate, 7A1208,

27Na2O, 36V206, 144WOa+504E20=

3(A1203, 9Na20, 48W03), 4(A1203, 9V206)

-f-504H2O

Sol in H2O (Rothenbach, B 23 3055 )

Ammonium — , (NH4)20, 3V206, W08+

6H2O

Sol in H2O. (Rammelsbcrg, B 1 158 )
2(NH4) O, V266, 4W03-HH20 (Friedheim
and Lowy; Z anorg 1984. 6 24 )

Sol in HO ((abbs Am Ch J 5 361)

2(NH4)2<) V/)f> r>WO»+l()H2O Sol in
HiO (Diltt, C H 102 101<n

31(NH4) O, HV/)6 60W
5[5(NH4)20, 12 WO,], 2[3(NH4)/), 7V2()5)]
Sol mH/> (Kothcnbuh. B 23 4051)

7(NH4h(>, 4V O, 14WX),+ H>H/> Sol
in HO (Rosdihinn A 251 1()7 )

S(NH4)(), 4V A, 1()WO3, 9HO+4H20
Efflon s< c nl Vc ry sol in H2O (Hoscriheim,
A 251 21() )

19BaO, 10V205, 36W08-f
12WO,), 2(2BaO,

Bamum —
94H2O ,
5V206)+94H20

SI sol in HO (l?othonlnoh, B 23 3052)
SBiO, 4V ()«, lbW()^( ""V" :
Efflon s( t nt Not vc ry sol in H2O (Rosen-

' hfr V 2? » ," " BaO, 12W03, 3V206 +

*iP' J .-

uJ«,u 3\ i ) , '-n\O3 + 34H20 Not easily
sol m ' H2O (Friedheim and Lowy, Z
anorg 1894, 6 18 ) <*

4BaO 4V2O6, 12WO3-h4itB2O Less sol

(Fnedhemi and L5wy/Z anorg 1894, 6

Magnesium soditun -^-,

3V.05, 12WOs+42H2=5NO,

12W08+MgO, Na20, 3V206+42HSO "*

Sol m H20 <pothe?ibach, B 23 3054

30HS0 ' — ' 3Vi°* 12W°'+

Sol mH20

Composition is potassium wetatungstate
vanadate. 3(K20, 4W03)+K20, 3Vi064-
30H20 (Fnedheim, B 23 1515 }

8K A 4V2Ofi,16W03, 9H20 + 2ffl2O Very
efflorescent Easily sol in H20, (Rosen-
hemvA 251 214 y

Formula is 6K20, 12W03, 3V2O6+24H20,
which is a double salt, 5K20, 12W03+K20.
3V2Os (Friedheim, B 23 1505)

Potassium sodium , (5Na20, 3V2Ofi,

6W08+22H20), 4(5K2O, 3V206, 6W08
+22H20) or Na20, 4K20, 3V206, 6W08
-f22H20

(Friedheim and Lowy, Z anorg 1894, 6
22)

4(5Na2O, 3V205, 6W03+24H20), 3(SIC20,
3V206, 6W03+-24H20) (Friedheim and
Lowy)

5(§Na20, 3V206, 6WO3+24H20), 5K2O.
3V2Ofi, 6W03+24H20 (Friedheim and
vLowy )

Silver , 8Ag20, 4y206, 16W03, 9H20

Somewhat sol m cold H2(y, more easily
upon addition of little HN03 Decomp by
Warm H20 (Rosenheim, A 251 224 )

3Ag20, 2V205, 6\*t)3-h3H2O Nearly
msol in cold H^O pecomp by addition of
HNO3 or upon warming (Rosenheim )•

Sodium , 5Na20, 3V205, 6W03+36H20

Sol in H/) 4

Composition is 3(Na20, 2W03)+2(Na2O,
3V2O6) + 36H20 (tnedheim, B 23 1527)

4^38H20 ' Sol in, 1 25 pts H20 at 13 8°
Ch nedheim and Lowy )

2Na20, 2V205, 3W03+30H20 Very sol
in H20

Composition is Na26>4 3W03-|-Na20, 2V2O5
-f-20H2O, double; salt! of sodium Zntungstate
and dzvanadate (Friedheim, B 23 1523,)

4Na20, 3V2Ofi, 12W03+38H2O=3(Na20,
4W03)+Na2O, 3V206+38Ha.O Sol m T "
^othenb^eii B 23 ^SOS^b/i
0^

1112

VANADIOTUNGSTATE, STRONTIUM

Efflorescent Easily sol ifc H20 (Rosen-
heim, A 261 210 )

Formula is 6Na2O, 12W03, 3V205-f42H20,
and is a double salt of sodium paratungstate,
5Na2O, 12WOs, and sodium Znvanadate,
Na20, 3V206 (Friedheim, B 23 1505 )

7Ka20, V2O5, 12W08H-29H20 Easily
s ol in H20 (Friedheim and Lowy, Z anorg
1894.6 15)

8Na20, V2O6, 14W08-|-60H20 and +66H20
(Friedheim and Lowy )

Strontium vanadiotungstate, 19SrO, 36W08,
10V206-hl22H20 =3(5SrO, 12W08),
2(2SrO, 5Va05)+122H20
Sol in H2O (Rothenbach, B 23 3053 )

Vanadious acid
See Hypovanadic acid

Vanadiovanadicomolybdic acid

Ammonium vanadiovanadicomolybdate,

11(NBU)A 4V206, V02, 28Mo08+
48H20
SI sol in cold, sol in hot H20 without

decomp (Gibbs, Am Ch J 5 391 )

Barium -, 14BaO, 2V206, 3V02, 30Mo03

4-48H2d

ite Very si sol in cold, decomp
) (Gibbs )

Vanadiovanadicotungstic acid

Ammonium vanadiovanadicotungstate,

6CNH4)2O, 2V206, 3V02, 12W03-h
12H20
Sol in H2O (Gibbs, Am Ch J 5 391 )

Silver , 6Ag20, 2V206, 3V02, 12W03+

8H2O

Precipitate Very si sol in cold, sol in
much warm H20 (Gibbs )

Sodium , 6Na20, 2V206, 3V02, 12W03

Very sol in H20 (Gibbs )

Vanadium, V

Insol m H2O, HC1, dil H2S04+Aq, and
cold cone H2b04 Sol in hot cone H2bO4
Slowly sol m HF-f-Aq Easily sol in dii
or cone HKOa+Aq Not attacked by hot
or cold NaOH or KOH+Aq (Roscoe, A
suppl 7 85 )

Does not alter in the air, not acted upon
by HC1 and very slowly by H2S04 (Moissan,
O R 1896, 122 1299 )

Vanadium bonde, VB

Sol in HF and HNOs Decomp by fused
alkalies (Wedekmd, B 1913,46 1203)

Vanadium inbromide, VBr»

Very deliquescent, quickly decomposes
(Roscoe, A suppl 8 99 )

+6H20 Sol m H20 with decomp (Locke
and Edwards. Am Ch J 1898r 20 600 )

Sol m H2O, alcohol and ether Insol in
HBr (Piccim Z anorg 1899, 19 398 )

Vanadium carbide, VC

Insol in HC1 and H2SO4

Sol in UNO 3 m the cold, and in fused
KNO3 and KC1O3 (Moissan, C R 1896,
122 1300)

Vanadium cfochloride,

Very deliquescent Sol in H20, alcohol,
and ether (Roscoe, A suppl 7 79 )

Vanadium Znchloride, VC1*

Deliquescent Sol in H2O, absolute alco-
hol, and ether

+6H20 Sol mH20,sl sol in cone HCl-f-
Aq

Sol in alcohol and ether (Piccim, Z
anorg 1899, 19 395 )

Vanadium teZrccchloride, VC14
Sol with decomp in H2O, alcohol, and

ether (Roscoe )
Sol m H2O with decomp
Sol in fuming HC1 with decomp
Sol in anhydrous CHC13 or glacial acetic

acid apparently without chemical change

(Kbppel, Z anorg 1905, 46 346 )

Vanadium cfoftuoride, VF2

Sol m HF with evolution of H2 and forma-
tion of VF3 (Manchot, A 1907, 367 1J5 )

Vanadium influonde, VF3

Nearly msol in H20 and organic solvents
(Ruff, B 1911, 44 2544)

+3H20 EitiH orescent Easily sol in cold,
extremely sol in hot H2O with decomp
Can be recryst from HF+Aq Insol in
strong alcohol (Petersen, J pr (2) 40 48 )

Vanadium teJrafluonde, VF4

Very hydroscopic
Easily sol in H2O
Difficultly bol in SO2C12 and biCU
hoi in POCla with evolution of gab
bol m acetone and acetic* acid
Difficultly sol m alcohol and CHCU
(Ruff, B 1911,44 2545)

Vanadium pentafluoride, VF6

Easily sol in H2O

Easily sol in alcohol, CHCla, acetone, and
ligrom Insol in CS2 Decomp toluene
and ether (Huff, B 1911, 44 2549 )

Vanadium influonde with MF
See Fluovanadate, M

VANADIUM SULPEOCELORIDE SULPHUR CHLORIDE

1113

Vanadium hydride,

Stable Does not react with boiling H20
Not attacked by boiling HC1, but oxidized

by hot H2SO4

Sol m boiling HN03 (Muthmann, A

1907, 355 86 )

Vanadium cfthydroxide, VO, rcH20
Insol m KOH or NaOH-f-Aq
V(OH)2 Sol in HC1 (Locke and Ed-
wards, Am Ch J 1898, 20 598 )

Vanadium fnhydroxide, V208, #H20

Easily sol in all acids (Petersen, J pr
(2) 40 49)

Vanadium ZeJrohydroxide (Hypovanadic hy-
droxide), V202(OH)4+5H20

Easily sol in acids or alkalies (Crow,
Chem Soc 30 453)

Vanadium Jniodide, VI8+6H20

Very hydroscopic, sol in H20 Only si
sol m cold cone HI+Aq

Sol in alcohol (Piccim, Z anorg 1899,
19 399)

Vanadium nitride, V2N

Insol in H2O, HC1, and KOH+Aq Sol
m HNO3-fH2S04 ^T

Decomp by fusing with KOH (Muth-
mann, A 1907, 355 93 )

Insol in liquid NH8 (Gore, Am Ch J
1898,20 830)

VN (Roscoe, A suppl 6 114 )

VN2 Not attacked by cold HNO8+Aq
(Uhrlaub, Fogg 103 134 )

with 2, and 5H20 Sol in HtO 11 of sat
solution contains 8 g V205

tf) V206, 2H20 Very si sol in EM> 11
of sat solution contains 0 5 g V Os

(T) V20fi, 5H2O Less sol in H*0 than
]5 1 1 H20 contains 0 05 g VS05 when sat-
urated (Ditte, C R 101 698 )

SeeVanadicacid.

Vanadium oxide, VA=2V02,

See Vanadate, vanadium

V204, V206+8/sH20 (Bnerley, Chem
Soc 49 30)

See also Vanadiovanadic acid

V20< 2V2O5+8E2O

See Vanadate, vanadium

Vanadium penttxoAe with MF
See Fluoxyvanadate, M

Vanadium oxy compounds
Vanadyl compounds

Vanadium silicide, V2Si

Insol in H20 ^

Not attacked by HC1, HN03 or H2S04
Readily attacked by HF

Not attacked by KOH+Aq, NaOH+Aq
orNEUOH Decomp by fused KOH

Insol in alcohol, ether and benzene
(Moissan, C R 1902 135 496 )

VSi2 Sol in HF, insol in acids and al-

Vanadium dioxide, VO

Insol in H20, easily sol in dil acids
(Roscoe, A suppl 6 95 )

Vanadium Jnoxide, V2O3

Oxidized in H2O in contact with air and
then dissolves Insol m acids, except HJNUs,
and in alkilies+Aq (Roscoe, A suppl 6

9 Easily sol in HI (Petersen, J pr (2) 40

48)

Vanadium tefroxide, V02

Sol m acids and alkalies +Aq

Vanadium pentoxide, V20s

Sol in about 1000 pis H20 (Berzelms » )
Sol m acids, alkali hydrates, and carbon-

atoT+Aq Insol in absolute, very si sol

in dil alcohol

Insol in glacial HCttWt g

Sol in cone KF+Aq (Ditte, C R 105

10Sol in H2C204+Aq and alkali oxalates+

r by fused KOH (Moissan, C R

19027135" 78 )

Vanadium dtsulpnide, V2S2

Insol in boiling 64 or cone ECL dil
H2S04+Aq, or cold cone H.S04 Easily
sol in hot dil or cone HNOj-pAq, °* in
boilmg cone H2SO4 Insol maJ^Ues+^q
SI sol m KSH+Aq, sol in NH4SH+Aq
(Kay, Chem Soc 37 728 )

Vanadium insulphide, V2S3

Insol in cold HC1 or dil H2SO4-Kq \er\
81 sol in hot HC1 or dil H2SO4-f- ^q More
sol in HNOs-hAq or cone HS04 fc»l sol
m NaOH or NH4OH-Kq Easih sol m
(NH4)2S or NH4SH+Aq, also in K b+A.q
(ftay, Chem Soc 37 728 )

Vanadium pewtasulphide, V2Ss

SI attacked by hot cone HC1 or hot dil
H2S04+Aq, sol in hot cone H2SO, bol m
hot dil HN03+Aq SI sol in NH4OH +Aq,
but easily dissolved by NaOH +Aq SI sol
m Nal-f Aq Sol in NHJSH+Aq (Ka> )

Vanadium sulphochlonde sulphur chlonde,

4VSC18, S2C12

Decomp in the air (Koppel, Z anorg
hydrates 1905, 46 357 )

1114

VANADOUS ACID

Vanadous acid

Ammonium vanadite, basic, 2CNHOA

SI sol m cold, easily in hot H20 (Ditte,
C R 102 1310)

Ammonium vanadite, (NHOfYA+aHiO

Sol in H2O (Crow. Chem Soc 30 460 )

Insol

Sol
in alcohol

ether and ammonia

AAA»WJ. iii tAjL\j\JJU.\Jl) C7IM-LOJ. CUJJ.IA

(Koppel, Z anorg 1903, 36 297 )

-f 3H2O Easily sol in H20
Z anorg 1907, 65 150 )

Barium vanadite, BaVAi-f 4H20

(Mawrow,

Ppt (Koppell, Z anorg 1903,36 300 )|
Precipitate Easily sol mHNOs,

+5H2O
or HCl+Aq

(Crpw, Chem Soc 30 460 )

Lead vanadite, PbV409 !

Ppt (Crow )

Potassium vanadite, K2V4Oft+4H20

Sol in H2O !

Insol in alcohol, ether and ammonia
(Koppel, Z anorg 1903. 36 300 )

+7H2O Easily sol in H30 Insol in
cold, sol in hot KOH+4q Insol in alcohol

(Crow )
i TT r\

1310 )

Sodium vanadite, Na2V409+4H20

Sol in H2O

Insojj. in alcohol, ether and ammonia
(Koppel, Z anorg 1903, 36 299 ) <

+7H2O Easily sol in H20 (Crow, Chem
Soc 30 459 )

Vanadosotungsfcc acid

Ammonium vanadosotungstate,

5(NH4)2O, 2V204, 14W08+13H20
Very sol in H2O (E F Smith, J Am
Chem Soc 190 *, 25 1228 )

Vanadous acid
See Hypovanadic acid

Vanadovanadic acid
See Vanadicovanadic acid

Vanadyl bromide, VOBr

Very si sol m H2O, acetic anhydride,
ethyl acetate, and acetone '

Insol m alcohol ether, acetic acid, CHC13,
toluene and CC14 (Kuft, B 1911, 44 2537 )

Vanadyl cfobromide, VOBr&

Very deliquescent, and sol 44^H20 (Ros-
coe ) ?

Vanadyl Znbromide, VOBra

Very dehquescent, and quickly decomposes
in moist air Sol in H2O (Roscoe )

Vanadyl bromide, V208Br2, 2HBr-f-7HaO
Very deliquescent (Ditte, C B 102 1310)

Vanadyl semchloride, V2OaCl

Insol in H20 Easily sol in HNO3-f Aq
(Roscoe, A suppl 6 114 )

Vanadyl monochlonde, VOC1

Insol in HjjO Easily sol in HNOs+Aq
(Roscoe )

Vanadyl dtchlonde, VOC12

Deliquescent Slowly decomp by H2O
Easily sol in HN03+Aq (Roscoe )

Vanadyl inchlonde, VOC18

Deliquescent Sol m H2O and alcohol with
decomp (Bedson, A 180 235 )
Sol in ether with combination

Ztaranadyl chloride, V204C12+5H20

Dehquescent, and sol m H2O, fuming
HC1, or alcohol (Crow, Chem Soc 30 457 )

Vanadyl chloride, V20SC12+4H2O

Very deliquescent
1310)

(Ditte, C R 102

Vanadyl platinum chloride
See Chloroplatinate, vanadyl

Vanadyl £n chloride ammonia, VOClj, o;NH8

Decomp by H20 (Roscoe )

Vanadyl cfafluoride, VOF2

Insol m H20 Insol in alcohol, ether,
CHC13 SI sol m acetone (Ruff, B 1911,
44 2546)

Vanadyl Znfluonde, VOF8

Very Irydroscopic Fasily sol in H2O
Sol in POCla with evolution of gas I^flft-
cultly sol in PCls and AsCla §ol .^n ,hot
CHC13 and acetic anhydride (Rurf, B 1911,
44 2547)

Vanadyl fluoride wi h MF

See Fluoxyvanadate, and Fluoxhypovana-
date, M

Vanadyl iodide, V208I2, 3HI+10H20

Very deliquescent and sol in H2U (DitU,

C R 102 1 310 )

V2O3I2j 2HI -f&UaO As above

Vanadyl sulphide, VOS (?) u J '

(a) Insol in H20, dkalica, ilkali sulphides
+Aq Sol m acicls, except nttnc acid and
1 aqua regia (Berzelius > M > *

XANTHOCOBALTIC MERCURIC CHLORIDE

1115

(&) Sol in alkalies, alkali carbonates, and
julphides+Aq Insol in acids (Berzehus )

&.

Water, H20

Water is the most universal solvent It
absorbs all gases, usually with an increase of
volume, seldom, as in the case of NH3, with
ution of volume It dissolves almost

ater or less quantity, and
olves considerable amounts

a* diminution

all solids in gri

mixes with or di

of many liquids

Miscible with alcohol Sol in 36 pts ether
Sol in 30-33 vols ethyl acetate (Becker )
Sol in 5 vols lodhydrm
SI sol in most of the fatty oils

Solubility m organic solvents at t°

G H20in

* Solvent

t°

100 g of the

solution

Benzene

+3

0 030

23

0 660

40

0 114

55

0 184

66

0 255

77

0 337

Petroleum

— 2

0 0012

bpt 190-250°

+ 18

0 005

at atmos pressure

23

0 007

30

0 008

36

0 012

53

0 026

59

0 031

61

0 035

66

0 043

79

0 063

85

0 075

94

0 097

Paraffin oil

+ 16

0 003

bpt 200-300°

50

0 013

at 10 mm presbiir

65

0 022

73

0 030

77

0 035

94

0 055

Xanthochrommm chloride,

Cr(N02)(NHs)6Cl2

More sol in H20 than the roseo, but less
han the purpureo salt

Solution decomp by light or boiling De-
omp by dil acids Sol in NaOH+Aq and
n NEaOE-j-Aq (sp gr 091) Insol in
alcohol (Christensen, J pr (2) 24 74 )

chloropktuiate, Cr(N02)(NH,)fiPtCl6

Insol in pure H2O, but sol when warmed

with H2O containing HC1, with formation of
new double salt (Christensen )

• mercuric chloride. Cr(N02)(NH8)5Cl2.

2HgCl2

Precipitate Decomp by long contact with

(Grosehtiff, Z Elcktrochcm, 1911,17 350)

White precipitate, fusible

See Mercunefoammonium chloride

White precipitate, infusible
See Mercuric chloramide

' Xanthochromium bromide,

<2r(N02)(NH8)6Br2

Sol m HijO Resembles *$& , chlorid
(Oiristensen, J pr (2) 24 74) J<|P

U(

-— »• - carbonate, Cr(NQ2)(NEk)6W8«
Easily sol in H^O (Chtistensen )

sipitate Decon
(Christensen )

— chromate, Cr(N02)(NH8)5CrO4
Difficultly sol in H20 (Christensen

, Cr(N02)(NH8)fiCr207

Difficultly sol uiH20 (Christensen >

- dithionate, Cr(N02)(NH8)6S206
Insol m cold H2O (Christensen )

- hydroxide, Cr(N02)(NH3)5(OH)2

Known only m solution (Christensen )

— iodide, Cr(N02)(NH8)8I2
Quite difficultly sol m H2O (Christensen )

- nitrate, Cr(N02)(NH8)fi(NOs)2

Sol in about 150 pts H20 (Christensen )

— sulphate, Cr(N02)(NH8)6S04+H20

Sol in HoO and (NH4)2S044- Aq (Chris
tensen )

Xanthocobaltic bromide,

Co(NH3)6(N02)Bro

Easily sol in cold H2O (Werner and
Miolati, Gazz ch it 23, 2 140 )

- bromomtrate, Co(N02)(NH8)6(N03)Br
SI sol in cold, more easily in hot H O

CGibbs )

- chloride, Co(N02)(NH3)6Cl2

SI sol in cold H20, and decomp by boiling
therewith Insol in HCl+Aq and alkali
chlorides -|-Aq Easily decomp by boiling
with acids, even dilute (Gibbs and Genth )

Sol in 50 pts cold H20 (Jorgensen Z
anorg 6 172)

- mercuric chloride, Co(NO*)(NH8)6Cl2,
2HgCl2+H20

Insol in cold, si sol in hot H20 without
decomp More sol m acidified H20 (Gibbs
and Genth) ^ ^*

1116

XANTHOCOBALTIC CHLORAURATE

Xanthocobaltic chloraurate,

Co(N02)(NH8)8Cl2, AuCl3-fH20
Can be easily crystallised out of hot H20
(Gibbs and Genth, SiU Am J (2) 24 90 )

chloromtrate, Co(NO2)(NH8)6(N03)C

SI sol in cold., more easily in hot H20

chloromtrate gold chloride,

Co(N02)(NH8)5(N08)Cl, AuCl8

chloromtrate platuuc chlonde,

2Co(NO2)(NH8)6(N08)Cl, PtCl4
- chloroplatuiate, Co(N02)(NH3)6Cl2,

Scarcely sol in hot or cold H20 Can be
recryst f rom dil HN08+Aq Sol inhotdil
HCl+Aq (Gibbs and Genth, Sill Am J (2
24 91)

- chromate, Co(N02)(NH8)5Cr04-f-H20
Very si sol in cold, and but slightly sol in

hot H20 (Gibbs )

- ^chromate, Co(N02)(NH8)8Cr207
Easily sol in hot H20

- ferrocyamde, [Co(NO2)(NH8)6]2Fe(CN)6

J-7TT26

msol in cold, decomp by warm
+b±l2O (Braun, A 132 47 )

- iodide, Co(N02)(NH3)5I2
Sol mH20 (Gibbs)

~~ J,VVMSOUJ.£UJ.CLL^,

[Co(N02)(NH8)6]2(S04)l2
Sol mH20

periodosulphate,

[Co(N02XNH3)6]2(S04)I4
Easily decomp by hot H20

nitrate, Co(N02)(NH8)6(N08)2

SI sol in cold, moderately sol in hot H20
Decomp by boiling Much less sol than
NH4C1 or (NH4)2SO4 in cold H20 Insol m
HN03 (Gibbs and Genth )

mtnte, Co(N02)(NH3)6(N02)2+2H20

Sol inH20 (Gibbs)

cobaltic mtnte, Co(N02)(NH8)6(N02)2

-|-2H2O

SI sol in H2O (Gibbs, Proc Am Acad
11 8)
Is mtratopurpureocobaltic cobaltic nitrite,

[(N03)Co(NH8)6j8[Co(N02)6]2+2H20 (Jor-
gensen, Z anorg 6 175 )

Jpo(N02)(NH3)6MCo(N02)6]2 Not so
difficultly sol as the luteo salt (Jbrgensen )

Xanthocobaltic gramme cobaltic mtnte,

Coa(N02)2(NH3)10[Co2(NH3)4(N02)8]2
Can be recryst from hot H20 (Gibbs,

Proc Am Acad 11 8 )
-(N02)Co(NH8)6[(N02)2(NH8)2Co(N02)2]2

Xanthocobaltic famine cobaltic nitrite

Very si sol in cold H20 (Jorgensen, Z

anorg 6 180)

— oxalate, Co(N02)(NH8)6C204
Nearly insol in cold, si sol in hot H20

— sulpliate, Co(N02)(NH8)6S04
Moderately sol in hot, much less in cold

H20 Sol without decomp in H2SO4-hAq

(Gibbs and Genth )

Sol m 25 pts hot H20 acidified with
CuHsOjz (Jorgensen, Z anorg 6 172 )
4Co(N02)(NH8)5SO4, 3H2S04 Decomp

by H20, not by absolute alcohol (Jorgensen )

Xanthorhodium bromide,

(N02)Rh(NH8)fiBr2

Moderately sol in H20 (Jorgensen. J
pr (2) 34 394 )

— chlonde, (N02)Rh(NH3)5Cl2

Much more sol m H20 than the nitrate

— chloroplatinate, (N02)Rh(NH3)6PtCl6
Ppt Extremely si sol m cold H20

— dithionate, (NO2)Rh(NH3)6S206H-H20
Nearly mgol in H20

fluosikcate, (NO2)Rh(NH3)6SiF6

Ppt

—hydroxide, (N02)Rh(NH3)6(OH)2

nitrate, (N02)Rh(NH3)6(N03)2

Moderately sol in cold, easily m hot H20

nsol in alcohol Less sol m cone NH4OH-(-

iq than in H20
Insol mdil HNO3-f \q,sol inHNO^+Aq

f 1 4 sp gr

oxalate, (N02)Rh(NH8)6C204

Nearly insol in cold H20 Very si sol in
'armH20 Easily sol m dil HC2H3O2+Aq

— sulphate, (NO2)Rh(NH8)6S04
Slowly sol in cold, quite easily m hot H20
4(N02)Rh(NH3)fiS04. 3H2S04 SI sol m

old, easily in hot H20 Can be recrystal-

zed from dil H2SO4+Aq

ZINC

1117

Jenon, Xe

Absorption by H20 at t°

t°

Absorption coefficient

0
10

20
30
40
50

0 2189
0 1500
0 1109
0 0900
0 0812
0 0878

(Antropoff, Roy Soc Proc 1910, 83 A, 480 )
Ytterbium, Yb

Ytterbium bromide, YbBrs+8H2O

Very sol m H2O Hydroscopic (Cleve,
Z anorg 1902,32 135)

Ytterbium chloride, YbCls-f-6H20
Very sol m H20 (Cleve, Z anorg 1902,

32 134)
Mpt 150-155° Anhydrous salt is sol in

H20 and in alcohol (Matignon, A ch 1906,

(8)8 442)

Ytterbium oxide, Yb208

Slowly attacked by cold or warm acids,
but easily sol at 100°

Ytterbium oxychloride, YbOCl

Ppt (Cleve, Z anorg 1902,32 135)

Yttrium, Y

Decomposes H2O (Cleve, Bull Soc (2)
21 344 ) Decomp H20 slightly at ord temp ,
more rapidly by boiling Easily sol m dil
acids, even acetic acid Slightly acted upon
by cone H2SO4 Decomposes hot KOH-fAq
and cold N"H4Cl+Aq Not attacked by
NH4OH-f Aq (Popp, A 131 179 )

Popp's yttrium contained erbium

Yttrium bromide, YBrs

Sol in H2O with evolution of he it (Du-
boin, C R 107 243 )

-|-9H2O Deliquescent Lastly sol in H/)
and alcohol Insol in ether (Clev( )

Yttrium carbide, YC2

Decomp by H2O and by dil acidb, veiy
slowly attacked bv cone if ids (Moissan,
C R 1896, 122 575 )

Decomp by H/) and dil acids (Pcttcrs-
son, B 1895, 28 2421 )

Yttrium chloride, YC18

Anhydrous bol in H20 with evolution of
heat (Cleve )

-|-6H2O Deliquescent Very sol in H20
SI sol in alcohol Insol in ether (Cleve )

Mpt 156-160°, sol in alcohol

60 1 grams anhydrous salt are sol in
100 grams of abs alcohol at 15°

65 grams are sol in 100 grams pyridine
(Matignon, A ch 1906, (8) 8 437 )

Yttrium fluoride, YF8+J£E20
Nearly insol in dil acids (Cleve )

Yttrium hydroxide, Y208, 6H20 or Y2O6H6-f
3H2O

Insol m H2O

Insol in KOH or NaOH+Aq Easily
sol m acids Sol in alkali carbonates +Aq
When freshly pptd , easily sol in NH4C1+
Aq

Yttrium iodide, YI8

Very deliquescent Easily sol in H2O and
alcohol
SI sol in ether (Cleve )

Yttrium oxide, Y2O3

Insol in H2O SI sol in cold HC1, HN08,
or dil H2S04+Aq, but gradually completely
sol on warming Insol in NH^OH and si
sol in KOH+Aq Sol in HC2H302+Aq
Somewhat sol in K2CO3+Aq

Yttrium peroxide, Y4O9

(Cleve, Bull Soc (2) 43 53 )

Yttrium oxychlonde, Y202C12
Insol in H20 (Popp )

Yttrium sulphide, Y2S3

Not prepared in pure state Impure is
insol in H2O, and partially decomp thereby
Easily sol in acids with decomp (Popp )

Zinc, Zn

Not attacked by pure cold H2O Slowly
oxidised by boiling H20 Pure H2O free from
() dissolved nothing from 2500 sq mm Zn
Presence of air containing CO2 caused a solu-
tion of 3 5 mg Zn, which maximum was
reached m 2 days Air without CO2 also
caused a slight action (fenyders, B 11 936 )

100 ccm distilled H20 dissolved 14 mg Zn
from 11 8 sq cm in one week, during which
air free from CO; was passed through the
liquid and 19 mg when air containing CO2
was used (Wagner, Pmgl 221 2faO )

filtered rain water was found to contain
20 mg Zn per 1 (Burg, Isis, 1873 119 )

Very pure H/), when conducted through
a great length of galvanized iron pipe, con-
tained 1 7 pts Zn to 100,000 pts H2O
(Davies, J Soc Chcm Ind 1899, 18 102 )

Action of H/) on Zn in galvanized pipes
is caused by electrolysis (femetham, C N
1879, 39 236 )

All kinds of H20 attack Zn, ram water the
least

In distilled H2O exposed to air Zn is abun-

1118

ZINC

dantly coated with ZnCO8, 2ZnO +3H20 By
allowing 32 g Zn to stand m 270 cc distilled
H2O in a flask loosely stoppered with filter
paper, 1 2 pts Zn to 100,000 pts H20 was
found in solution m 1-2 days (Smith. J Soc
Chem Ind 1904, 23 475 )

Sol in all acids Very slowly sol in dil
HC1 or H2S04+Aq in glass vessels if Zn is
pure According to Jacquelam, 24 hours were
necessary to dissolve 6 g pure #uic When
fused at the lowest possible temperature, it is
much more slowly sol than when heatea to a
red heat In both cases it is much more
rapidly dissolved if cooled quickly (Bolley,
A 95 294, Rammelsberg )

Dil HjSO4+Aq dissolves given % zinc in the
same length of time (B« according to
Bolley, H~ according to Rammelsberg)

C P ?inc is more quickly sol in dil
in vacua than under normal presort, the
ratio being about 1 b 5 Ihc rate of solubil-
ity mcrcvi&os slowly with rise of temp from
0° to 98°, when it amounts to about 4 times
that at (r, but from 98°-100° the increase ib
thirteenfold Thus, as an average of to ex-
periments, dil H2SO4-|-Aq (1 20) dissohcs in
30 minutes 2 \ mg Zn at 0°, 4 <) rrifi <it 20°,
7 4 mg at b()°, 9 4 ing at 9S°, but 122 1 nig
at 100° If, however, the Kid \\as prevented
from boiling by increasing the pressure, the
sudden increase between 98° incl 100° doeh
not take place

Slowly cooled Rapidly cooled

B R B

R

Cast at the melt-

ing point 42 5 74 1 13
Cast at a red heat 100 0 69 4 85

0 09
5 95

50 com H2S04-|-Aq dissolved in 2 hours the

following amts from 1 sq cm Zn

at t°

t°

Strength of acid

Grms

dissolved

20

H2S04

0

000

130

(t

0

075

150

cc

0

232

20

H2S04+H20

0

002

130

u

0

142

150

(C

0

345

20

H2S04+2H20

0

002

130

"

4

916

150

<(

5

450

20

H2S04+3H20

0

005

130

a

3

080

20

H2S04+4H20

0

049

130

it

0

456

20

HS04 + 5H20

0

027

130

n

0

337

20

HaSOi+BHjO

0

018

100

(

3

16

(Calvert and Johnson, Chem t-oc 19 437 j +

The rate of solubility in dil H2S04+Aq
(1 20) is also increased 175 times by the addi-
tion of CrOs-and 306 times by the addition
of H202 The above phenomena are ex-
plained by assuming the formation of a
condensed hydrogen atmosphere around the
metal, which prevents the further action of
the acid (Weeren, B 24 1785 )

Not attacked by HNO3+Aq of 1 512 to
1 419 sp gr at a temp of — 18° or less, but
violently attacked if temp is raised HN O3 +
Aq of 1 419-1 401 sp gr does not attack Zn
at temp of a freezing mixture, but violently
at 0° More dil HNOs+Aq attacks Zn even
at —20° (Millon, A ch (3) 6 99 )

Sol in H2CO8HhAq (Berzehus )

Solubility of Zn in acids is very much
affected by the presence of small quantities
of various metallic salts Small amts of
PtCU-f-Aq accelerated the action of H2SO4-h
Aq 149 times, and As208 123 tunes HgCl2
has a strong retarding action owing to pptn
of Hg on the Zn

The rate of solution of Zn in acids and the
effect of changes in concentration and tem-
perature and of the presence of inorganic
salts and organic substances on this rate has
been studied 26 Tables are given (Ericson-
Aur<§n, Z anorg 1901. 27 209-253 )

Speed of solution m H2SO4 and in HC1
(Centnerszwer, Z phys Ch 1914, 87 692 )

Various saline solutions have a strong sol-
vent power in presence of PtCl4, i e KC1,
NaCl, Na2S04, K2S04, MgSO4+Aa PtCl4
also causes Zn to decompose distilled H20
CuSO4 has a similar but less energetic
effect

In all the above cases the disengagement of
hydrogen is slower m the daik than in the
light (Millon, C R 21 37 )

According to Barreswill (C R 21 292) the
above reactions are all caused bv galvanic
action due to pptd metal, and a piece of Pt
in contact with the Zn pauses the same action
as the PtCl4 m solution

F asily sol in alk ihes+ Aq, < von NII4OIT-|-
Aq, cspeciillv when the Zn is in contact \vith
l«e Sol in NiCl-hVq with pptn of Zn()
(Sicrsch, J B 1867 257)

Sol in sat ilk ih arid ilkah-c irth chloride s

(Post, 1872 )

mNH4silts+Aq (lorm, J B 1865
124 )

Sol msit NuSO4, 1\2SO4, MgSO4, NiM),
KNX), Ba(NOa) , CiCh, M^Cl and
NH4NOt+\q Chlorides md sulphites
(c spindly NiiaSO4 and MgCI ) h ivo strong-
est ic tion, MgS()4 UK! nitrites the lc 1st I he
ic turn \\ is groitly increased by lie it (Sny-
(krs, B 11 Qto)

Sol in boiling NH4Gl+Aq Sol inncutrnl
I'cCh-f Aq with pptn of Le, especially oisily
it 100° (Capitaine, C R 9 7*7)

Sol in NiSO4+<Vq with pptn of NiO
( 1 upputi )

Sol m cone hot ZnCl2+Aq, but Zn oxj-

ZINC BROMIDE

1119

Chloride is pptd on diluting (Qrdway, Am

J Sci (2) 23 222 )

-, Sol inGlSO4+Aq (Debray )

%?lubikty of Zn in dilute solutions of salts
100 ccm of solutions of the given salts
were allowed to act one week on 11 8 sq
cm Zn while a current of air witfTor
without CO2 wag passed through the
solution

Salt

G salt
in 100 ccm
solution

Mg Zn
dissolved
without C02

Mg Zn
absolved
with C02

NaCl ]

or [

0 5

7

38

KC1 1

NH4CI

1 0

51

36

MgCl2

0 83

18

54

K2S04

1 0

30

53

KN08

1 0

9

37

Na2CO3

1 0

13

NaOH

0 923

60

CaOaHss

Sat

3

(Wagner, Dmgl 221 260 )

Action of dil salt solutions (1%) on Zn The
following amts of Zn in mg were dis-
solved from 2500 sq mm Zn in 14 days
bv 400 ccm 1% solution of the given
salts

Violently decomp by dil HC1 or H2SO4+Aq,
also by HN03+Aq Completely sol in HC1
+Aq mixed with a little HNO3 (Cooke )

Zinc azounide, basic, Zn(OH)Ns

Very si sol in H20 Decomp by,, hot
H20 (Curtails, J pr 1898, (2) 68 293 )

Zinc azounide ammonia, ZnNtt, 2NH8

Insol m H20, but gradually decomp
thereby (Dennis. J Am Chem Soc 1907
29 20)

Zinc bromide, ZnBr2

Very deliquescent, and sol in H2O

Sat ZnBr2+Aq contains at
—20° +4° 22° 97°
66 3 68 8 77 5 83 6% ZnBr2,

107° 170° 210° 375° (mpt )
83 8 85 0 89 3 100% ZnBr2
(Etard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 541 )

Solubility in H20

100 g of the sat solution contain at
35° 40° 60° 80° 100°
85 45 85 53 86 08 86 57 87 05 g ZnBr2
(Dietz, Z anorg 1899, 20 250 )

Salt

Mg Zn

Salt

Mg Zn

oe& (uso ueww unuer jayora&ea sails

Sp gr of ZnBr2+Aq at 19 5° containing
18 3 31 7 43 2 % ZnBr2,
1 1849 1 3519 1 5276

NaCl
KC1

CaCly

11 2
14 8
15 2

NaN03
Ba(N03)2
NH4C1

6
8
24 0

MgCl2
BaCljz
K2S04
MgSO4

17 2
H 2

12 0

8 8

(NH4)2S04
NH4N<>,
NaHCOj
I\jCO8

31 6
26 0
0
0

52 6 59 1 68 % ZnBr2
1 7082 1 8525 2 1027
(Kremers, Pogg 108 117 )

Km>3

6 8

N \iCOa

0

Sp gr of ZnBr2+Aq at 19 5°

SI attacked by H2O at 80°^ by hot cone
NH4OH, ittuked by H,P()4 or NaCl+Aq,

ZnBra

Sp gr

Znfira

Sp gr

Znfira

Sp gr

very si attacked by NiNO-j+Aq or KN03+

Aq at 100° (Smith J Soc Chun Ind 1904,

5

1 045

25

1 265

45

1 560

23 476 )

10

1 093

30

1 330

50

1 650

J^ ccm olcic uul dissolves 00240 g Zn

15

1 196

35

1 400

55

1 755

in 6 days (Gitcs, I phys Chun 1911,15

•t A O \

20

1 204

40

1 475

60

1 875

143 )

Attacked by ( inc sugu+Aq it 115

(Kremers, calculated by Gerlach, Z anal 8

(Klein and Berg, C H 102 1170)

285)

Zinc amide, Zn(NH2)2

Decomp by II 2O md ilcohol Insol in
ether (trankUnd, Phil Mag (4)15 149)

Zinc antimomde, ZnSb

Does not decomp boiling H20 except
slightly Not attacked by dil mineral acids,
but decomp by cone HC1 or HN03+Aq
(Cooke, Proc Am Acad 5 348 )

Zn3Sb2 Decomp H2O rapidly at 100

Sol in cone HC1 or HC2H3Oo+Aq, also
in NH4OH+Aq

Sol m AlBr3 (Isbekow, Z anorg 1913
84 27 )

Very si sol m liquid NH3 (Franklin,
Am Ch J 1898, 20 830 )

Sol m alcohol and ether (Berthemot, J
Pharm 14 610)

Sol m methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

1120

ZINC BROMIDE AMMONIA

Insol in ethyl acetate (Naumann. B
1910, 43 314 )

More sol in anhydrous ether than in abs
alcohol Insol in CS2 (Hampe, Ch Z
1887, 11 846 )

Sol m qumohne (Beckmann and Gabel
Z anorg 1906, 51 236 )

Mol weight determined in pyndme
(Werner, Z anorg 1897} 16 22 )

+H2O (Lescoeur, A ch 1894, (7) 2 78 )

-{-2H2O Very hygroscopic

Solubility in H20

100 g of the sat solution contain at

--8° 0° 13° 25° 30° 37° (m]

7906 7955 80 76 82 46 84 08 86 20 g "

(Diets, Z anorg 1899, 20 250 )

-f-3HaO Solubility in H20
100 g of the sat solution contain at
—15° —10° —5° (mpt )
77 13 78 45 80 64 g ZnBr2
(Dietz, Z anorg 1899, 20 250 )

Zinc bromide ammonia, ZnBr2, 2NH3

Decomp by H2O SI sol in cold, more
easily in warm NH4OH+Aq (Rammels-
berg, Pogg 66 240 )

+ V«HiO Decomp by H20 with separa-
tion of ZnO (Andr<5 C R 96 703 )

-fHaO Above salt of Rammelsberg's
has this c omposition (Andr<§ )

iZnBr^, 8NHS+2H20 Decomp by H/)
(Amli6 )

*ZnBr2, 10NH3+H20 Decomp by H20
(AndiC )

2ZnBr2, 10NH-, Efflorescent Deeomp
by H/) (AndrO

Zinc bromide cupnc oxide, ZnBr2, 3CuO-j-

2H2Q
+4H/> (Muilhe, C JR 1901, 133 227 )

Zinc bromide hydrazme, ZnBr2, 2N2H4

Docomp by H/)

Sol in NH4OH-f Aq (Iranzen, Z anorg
190S, 60 277 )

Zinc chloride, ZnCls

Vtr> d( liquescent, md sol in H ()

Sol in (MH pi II 0 u( IS 7, \I>1 )
/n( 1 -f- \q sat ut 1-5 (ontiuns 7S > /iif I
nitz V (h 28 201 )

Solubility m H2O at t°

100 g H20 dissolve g ZnCl2

t°

Solid phase

a£u

-5

ice

14

•—10

25

40

83

— 62

ice 4aq

104

crvohydrate point

-50

ZnCh-HHaO

113

— 40

127

— 30

4aq 3aq

160

transition point

— 10

ZnCl +3HjO

189

o

208

+5

230

6 5

252

mpt

5

282

0

3aq IHaq

309

eutectic point

0

235

6 5

2J^aa 3aq

252

transition point

10

ZnCla +21^HaO

272

12 5

303

mpt

11 5

2]^Jaq iMaq

335

eutectic point

g

OL^QQ i£q

360

eutectic point

6

ZnCla ^S^HaO

385

— 6

ZnCla-Hli^HzO

298*

+10

330

20

368

26
26 3
0

l^aq laq
l^aq ZnCla
ZnCla 4-HaO

423
433
342

transition point
transition point

10

364

20

306

28

laq 7nCla

436

transition point

31
25

7nCh+HsO
ZnCh

477
4*2

40

4S2

60

4H8

80

o4 i

100

hi >

2t>2

mpt

(Mylms and Dietz, Z anorg 1905, 44 217 )

See aho below under hydratcd salts

Sp gr ofZnCl + Vq at 10 5°

%/nCl Sp Kr

' L /nCl Sp w

13 S 1 127r)

i7 "i I iS5<)

25 S 1 2H><)

10 2 1 1)51

(Kiemcrs Pogg 105 j<»<) )

Sp gr i>f /n( -f \q *f 10 >

<,/n( I

Sp «r , /n< 1

Sji Kr

/nd Si ^

1

1 010 2)

1 2 iS

, 1 1SS

r)

1 01 > SO

1 201

">() 1 >(><>

10

001 i>

1 >> >2

"> > 1 (> >0

1 >

1 ^7 10

1 120

<>0 1 710

20

1 ISI)

Solubility in H/>
1(K) g of the sat solution contain it
15° 20° 41° 60° 100°
79 12 81 19 82 21 b3 51 Sb 01 g ZnCl
(Dietz, Z auorg 1899, 20 245 )

ZnCU+Aq containing 1 pt ZnGl in 1 S20 >
pts H2O at 18° hib sp gr =1 JOOb (Hit
torf,Z phyfa Ch 1902,39 628)

((,<ih(h, / mil 8 2S' < \l ul it«l lioin
l\n ni< rs )

Sp ^r of ZnCl -f \<\ it t°

t° 15° IV 1»° l)°

'< /nCJ 2 ") \ SO 10 0 20 0

Sp & 1 021 1 ()«> 1 00* 1 100

t° r>° 15° r>

(( ZnCl 29 M) 40 0 5S SS

Sp ^r 1 207 1 42 i 1 72S

(Long, \V \nn 1880, 11 3S )

ZINC HYDRAZINE CHLORIDE

1121

gr of ZnCl2-|-Aq at room temp con-

~^Lg

% 15 334 23 487 33 752% ZnCl2
J? 1 1459 1 2288 1 3431

(Wagner, W Ann 1883, 18 267)

Sp gr ofZnC!2-hAqat25°

^-Concentration of ZaCl
+Aq

Sp gr

1 — normal

Vr- "

'A- "

, Vr- "

** ~

1 0590
1 0302
1 0152
1 0077

(Wagaer, Z phys Ch 1890, 5 40 )
Sp gr of ZnCl2+Aq

If ZnClj g in 1000 g

^ of solution

Sp gr 16°/10

0

0 5994
2 31b3
5 0406
9 8988
19 4914

1 000000
1 000560
1 002163
1 004708
1 009243
1 018228

(Dijken, Z phys Ch 1897, 24 108 )

Insol in SbCl-) (Klemensiewicz, C C
H>8, II 18r>0 )

Insol in liquid NH-j (Franklin, Am Ch

1898, 20 830 )

Easily sol in hot ibsolutc alcohol, and
her Sol in 1 pt strong ilcohol at 12 5°

Sol m 0 35 pt ibsolutc ilcohol (Graham )

Sol m butyl (Wuitz), ind hexyl (Boms)
cohol at ord temp , but d< comp on heiting

Very sol in uctic <lh<i with evolution of
eat (Cann, C R 102 j(,j)

Easily sol in i« tone (Krug ind M'Ll-
>y, T Anil Ch 6 1st )

1 g ZnClj is sol in 2 i % u< tone at 18*
p gr of sit solution IS /1° = 1 14 (Nau-
lann, B 1<X)1, 37 1W)

Sol in acetone ind in UK thyl il (ludmmn,
* C 1899, 11 1011 )

Sol m rncth\l i(dt(( (Niutruinn, B
909, 42 $700 )

Sol in hot b< n/omtnl( lUo in other iro-
latic mtnle

feol in rnetlnl sulphide ind in ethyl sul-
hide Very sol in pipciiduie (Wcrnci, Z
norg 1897, 15 7 )

Sol in ben/} I ilcohol, furfurol, methyl-
ropyllcetone, K < tophenone, ethyl mono-
hloracetate, eth>l ( ysinaeet ite, ethyl aeeto-
cetate, ethyl benzo itc, ethyl oxal ite, imyl
itnte, f ] *" ipeiidmc, and qumohne

Insol i xldehyde, ethyl nitrate,

nd nitrobenzene (Lincoln, J phys Chem
899, 3 460)

Sol in qumohne (Beckmann and Gabel,
r anorg 1906, 51 236 )

5 glycerol dissolve 50 g ZnCt at
~~ (Ossendowski, Pharm J 1907, 79
575 )
^ Insol m CS2 (Arctowski, Z anorg 1894,

Sol murethane (Castoro, Z anorg 1899,

Mol weight determined in pipendine
pyridine and methyl sulphide (Werner, z'
anorg 1897, 16 18 )

-f H20 Very deliquescent Contains \\4
H20 (Engel, C R 102 1111 ) /2

Solubihty in H20
100 g of the sat solution contain at

0° 11° 27° (mpt)

74 33 78 25 84 61 g ZnCl2

(Dietz, Z anorg 1899, 20 245)

Solubihty in H20
100 g of the sat solution contain at
0° 10° 20° 26° (mpt)
67 45 73 65 80 08 83 43 g ZnCl2
(Dietz, Z anorg 1899, 20 245)

4-2H20 Sat aq solution contains at

,n01 ^ ?, pts sLycerme at ord temp
(Clever, Bull Soc 1872, (2) 18 372 )

—4° —1°

57 4 57 9% salt,

33° 42°

eta o f*r> «•»/>/

—20° —14° —10°
54 7 55 4 56 5

+5° 9° 15°
59 1 60 2 62 0
(fitard, A ch I

Solubihty m H20

100 g of the sat solution contain at

0° 10° 19° (mpt)

67 56 73 70 79 07 g ZnCl2

(Dietz, Z anorg 1899, 20 245 )

4-2^H20 Solubility in HjO

100 g of the sat solution contain at

0° 8° 13° (mpt)

67 42 71 96 75 14 g ZnCl2

(Dietz, Z anorg 1899, 90 245 )

-j-3H2O Sol in 125 pts H2O at 0°
(Engel )

Solubility in H2O
100 g of the sat solution contain at
—5° 0° +7° (mpt )

64 5 67 58 71 57 g ZnCl2
(Dietz, Z anorg 1899, 20 245 )

Zinc hydrogen chloride, 2ZnCl2, HC1+2H20
Deliquescent (Engel, C K 102 1068 )
ZnCl2, HC1+2H20 (Engel )

Zinc hydrazine chloride, ZnCl2, N2H4, HC1

Very hydroscopic

Sol in H2O (Curtius, J pr 1894, (2) 60
338)

1122

ZaCU, 2(N JHi, HC1 ) H\ droscopic , vorv

Tintot alcohol and NH.OH+Aq (Cur-
tius, J pr 1W*4, W 60 JW;

Zinc chloride ammonia, ZnClj, 5NHi+H«O
, Easily sol in httlt, but dceomp by muth
HJOBtdl more sol m Znd,+ \q »«tU clfr-
oomp (Dtvers, C N 18 H )

4NH3+HS0 (Kane)

Zinc zirconium fluoride
See Fluozirconate, zinc

Aq (Thomas, B 20 743 )

+\HS0 ]

t'^R Decomp by H20

-f-VsJtW

4-HaO 1

(Andre, C E 1882,04964)

ZnCla,NH» Decomp b\ I W> (Kant, A
ch 72 290)

Zinc chlonde cupnc oxide,

4H2G
(Mailhc,C K HX)1 134

a

$0 -« »

-,*v.j hydrazine, X
1 ran/in, X tnorg
itl 2\ Il< Insol in -..
illy uol m KII4OH+A<j ((
V)1, {2)50 $lr>)

Zinc chlonde hydroxylamuie, #n( lj,2NJi
SI sol m told -^ »( i1 »"ir« m v

s(yl in ill oliol uncl olhti
CC^isnui, Hull ^<x ( ») 3 1I«>

j'^v'^fflixv^tta,""'''

Zinc kydrophosplude, ~»^~^ a

IJetomp by cold H2O and by dil HCl+Aq
(DrediHol and 1 mketetem, B 1871, 4 353 )

Zinc hydroxide, Zn02H2

InBol in Hat) feol m acids Sol m KOH,
NaOH, NH4OH, or (XlI^COa+Aq

I I HsO dissolve 0 01 g ZnO2H2 at 25°
iBodlander, Z phys Ch 1898, 27 66 )

bolubiht> in Ha(O is calculated to be 2 6X
1CH g mols per 1 (Herz, Z anorg 1900, 23
227)

1 1 HjO dissolves 0 0042 g ZnO2H2 at 18°
(Dupre and Bialae, Z angcw Ch 1903, 16
M )

>ee altm Zinc oxide

55)
b

boiubihty m NH4QH+Aq at 25°

/m hiitiM.il

\IIa iiurru

G ZnO per 1

pn pun d from

1 2S7

7 28

(} S2*3

3 84

t) ill

0 85

prt jmnc! flow

0 *21

o (>i i

0 34
0 Sj-r>

J 21 ">

2 70

I «)2S

") 07

2 ">70

7 01

, 21 i

10 11)

HoltMinHl /

IV) )

bnlubilm «*f /n<>H ni MI/ML uid am-
iiinnmiu b ist v | \(j it 17 -1*)°

Zinc fluoride, Z

SI sol in told inun < IM!\ in llllll
Insol in'))', tlinlml ^»1 i"1";^
1KM, 01 HSOj (INmldK < It J1

Conti LI V t<> <>1^' r «t iti in. ills /nl
sol m U <-> Hvohli iiis«h, / plnf < J

<

\»»

un 1

nsoin liquid MI,

S. 20 S>0 )

Insol in m(th\l «<t »t«
1«M)<) 42 i7'M) )

+'iJI() Dillidilth sol in H n - '»"
what more sol in H<> «'»ni iinini. HI H i
or UNO, 1 isih ^»1 in MI«n» Xt»
(Her/elms, Po^ 1 J*» »

11 IK) chssoUts H> K it is I>i» '

Zinc hydrogen fluoride
Known onl> ui solution

— —

< /n< > in ~0 < < 1 tin

i ,; ! ) j

lull ii

n o«i|j MI

0 OOlS >

0 017<) )

M 7*»7 MI

0 ()<) >()

it inn Mi « H

0 OOOS

n 1,2 Mi c H

0 01 ,J )

u <iit MI c H

0 OlSl

d iihs Mi ( H

0 000"i

H <! Mi ^ II

0 0071

U us MI ( II

0 01(>0 >

\H ( H

insol

Ml < H

Hi!/ / III«»IL

1MII2 30 2SO J

s, luliihiN in Mini! t \<i inuciscs _ \\ith

int it i HIL « n« i nti ifn

»n c»f Ml t<)H (A uhr,

j' i««» 36 HH

J nt^ /M^ * 1 1 dl- nl

\« in "> pty KC)il-r vq

tip L,r 1 * ; Honil

t ;

Solubility of Zn02H2 m NaOH+Aq

Zinc iodi(
Dehque

Cl_ , n

G Na in 20 ccm

G Zn in 20 ccm

0 1012
0 1978
0 4278

0 0040
0 0150
0 0442

bat Zn
—18° —
70 9 74

0 6670

0 1771

97° 10

0 9660

0 9630

82 1 83

1 4951

0 2481

(£

2 9901

0 3700

Solubili

When zinc hydroxide is treated with
alkali, more dissolves at first than corre-
sponds with the true equilibrium under the
prevailing conditions, for such solutions
spontaneously deposit more or less zinc
hydroxide according to the concentration
(Rubenbauer, Z anorg 1902, 30 333 )

Solubility of ZnQ2H2 m NaOH+Aq at 25°

G mol per 1

1 2340 1 512
(Kre

Sp gr ofZr
5 10
1 045 1 091

30 35
1 368 1 390

Na

Zn

0 2636
0 3871
0 5414
0 9280

0 00311
0 0057
0 0129
0 0425

(Wood, Chem boc 1910, 97 884 )

Freshly pptd ZnO2H2 is easily sol in
KOH+Aq, but it gradually goes over into a
stable form which is difficultly sol m KOH+
Aq (Herz, Z anorg 1901, 28 474 )

Freshly pptd Zn02H2 is sol in dil salt
solutions (1 %) as follows Ihe given amts
m mg (calculated as Zn) were disolved per
1 at t°

bait

M, Zn

t

NaCl

51

18

KC1

43

20

GaCl*

57 5

16

MgCl
BaCl2

05

38

10
18

i7 5

20

MgSOi
KNO,

27
17 5

21
15

NaNO,

22

15

25

21

K COi '

0

15

95

20

NH M()

77

20

(NHi) S()4

SS

20

(Sny<krs, B

+ ILO

See al^o Zinc oxide

Zinc hydrosulphide, Zn(SH)2

Vciy unbtible Dccornp by H2O (Zotta,
M 10 807 )

bol in NabH-f-Aq
2044)
Zn3H2S4 (Zotta )

(Thomsen, B 11

mt Easily sol in H20
hAq contams at

+17° 47° 62° 73°
74 0 80 4 80 3 81 3 81 2% ZnI2,

107° 138° 140°
82 6 83 8% ZnI2
(Etard, A ch 1894, (7) 2 544 )

.
100 g of the sat solution contain at

0° 18° 40° 60° 80° 100°
81 11 81 20 81 66 82 37 83 05 83 62 g ZnI2

(Dietz, Z anorg 1899, 20 251 )
See also under +2H20
Sp gr of ZnI2+Aq at 19 5° containing
23 1 42 6 56 3 63 5 76 0% ZnI2

871 1 9746 2 3976
(Kremers, Pogg 111 61 )

+Aq at 19 5° containing
15 20 25 %ZnI2,

40

45
1 560

50 %ZnI2,
1 650

55 60 65 70 75 % Znl
1 754 1 875 2 020 2 180 2 360
(Kremers, calculated by Gerlach, Z anal
8 285)

Sol m (NH4)oC03+Aq

Moderately sol in liquid TSiH
Am Ch J 1£98, 20 830 )

Sol in alcohol

100 pts glycerine disolve 40 pts at ord
temp (Klever, Bull Soc 1872, (2) 18 372 )

100 g glycerol dissolve 40 g ZnI2 at 15 5°
(Ossendowski, Pharm J 1907, 79 575 )

More sol in anhydrous ether than in abs
alcohol Insol in CS2 (Hampe, Ch Z
1887, 11 846 )

Sol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790), acetone (Eidmann, C C
1899, II 1014, Naumann, B 1904, 37

bol in qumoline (Beckmann and Gabel,
Z anorg 1906, 51 236 )

Mol weight determined in methyl sul
phate (Werner, Z anorg 1897, 15 2o )

+2H20 Solubility in H2O

100 a; of the sat solution contain at
_10°l-5° 0° +10° 22° 27°(mpt)
80 50 80 77 81 16 82 06 83 12 89 52 g Znl
(Dictz, Z anorg 1899, 20 251 )

+4HO (Lubarski, Z anoig 1898, 18
387)

Zinc tefr-aiodide, ZnI4

Known only in aqueous solution (Baup,
llepert 14 412)

Sol in fenchone (Rimini and Olivari,
C C 1907, II 241 )

1124

ZINC IODIDE AMMONIA

Zinc iodide ammonia, ZnI2, 4NHS
Decomp by cold H2O Easily sol in acids

and NH4OH+Aq (Rammelsberg, Pogg

48 152)

ZnI2; 5NH3 Decomp by cold H20 Sol

in NH4OH+Aq (Rammelsberg)

3ZnI2 5NH3-h3H20 (Tassily, C R 1896,

122 324 )

Zinc iodide hydrazine, ZnI2, 2N2H4

Decomp by H2O

Sol m NH4OH+Aq (Franzen, Z anore
1908, 60 277 )

tion its solubility is greatly increased by
traces of K and NH4 salts Phosphates have
the strongest action, then, in the following
order arsenates, chlorides, sulphites, ni-
trates, acetates, carbonates^ tartrates, cit-
rates, and sulphates Succmatea and ben-
zoates increase the solubility in NH4OH+
Aq, only when it is very dil , borates, iodides,
chlorates, arsemtes, gallates, and oxalates
do not increase the solubility (Schmdler )
ZnO is sol in NH^OH-f-Aq only m pres-
ence of NH4 salts (Brandhorst, Zeit an-
gew Ch 1904, 17 513 )

Zinc nitride, ZnjNa

QoiuDiiiiy m XVU.DL, j

.>a\jxi., ana rs ±i4u.ci -f-

Decomp by H2O with the greatest violence

An excess over 4 mols KOH to 1 mol

(Frankland, Phil Mag (4) 15 149 )
Easily decomp by H20 when finely pow-
dered (Rossel, C R 1895, 121 942 )
Sol m HC1 (Fischer, B 1910, 43 1468 )

ZnO is necessary for solution, but that excess
may be neutralised after solution, until only
4 mols are left, without pptn of !ZnO Solu-
tion is pptd by addition of 12 vols H20

Zinc oxide, ZnO

KOH -fAq containing 16 5 g KOH to a litre

Insol in H2O Some preparations of ZnO
are si sol in H2O, never, however, in less
than 1 million pts H20 (Bmeau, C R 41

CIA *\

H20 is the weakest solution which will dis-
solve ZnO Three times as much alkali are
necessary for solution at 50° as at 16-17°
Less excess of NaOH than of KOH is neces-

510 )

Calculated from electrical conductivity
of ZnO+Aq 1 pt ZnO is sol in 236,000
pts HaO at 18° (Dupre and Bialas, Zeit
angew Ch 1903, 16 55 )
Q»» r,i /» zinc hydroxide
30! in acids, even after ignition
in acids, even H2SOs, or H2COsH-

sary 3 mote NH4OH will dissolve 1 mol
ZnO, and the temp and dilution are in this
case of little influence (Prescott )
100 cc of 20% NaOH+Aq dissolve in
many hours at most 297 g ignited ZnO
Pptd ZnO is more quickly dissolved but the
action becomes very slow after 100 cc of the
solution contain 3 87 g of Zn (Forster and

Gunther, Z Elektrochem 1900, 6 301 )

^olubihty of ZnO in CrO3+Aq at 25°

Solubility of ignited ZnO in NaOH H-Aq

1 1 of the solution contains

gradually decreases

(Kunschert, Z anorg

1904 41 343 )

G CrOs

G ZnO

G Cr03

GZnO

Sol in hot NH4Cl-hAq, either when moist

0 010

0 013

101

44 9

or dry
Somewhat less sol m NH4NO3+ Aq

0 010

0 013

151

66 1

Somewhit sol in water glass +Aq (Ord-

0 010
0 604

0 013
0 409

192
192

83 8
83 6

way )
Slowly sol m cold, easily m hot NaCl+Aq

2 14

1 16

285

123

(Siersch, J B 1867 255)

410

9 94.

392

168

Ay

11 4

<u Airt

5 84

450

193

Solubility of ZnO in ZnCl24-Aq at room temp

11 5

5 89

461

196

G ZnCla per 100 g H2O

G 7nO per 100 f, 1I2O

22 2

10 7

463

197

31 4

14 9

475

202

8 22

0 0137

43 1

20 1

574

240

23 24

0 13S

57 5

26 7

660

274

45 95

0 4Q7

66 5

30 3

769

318

51 50

0 604

66 7

30 4

879

354

56 90

0 72 *

70 6

32 2

970

389

62 85

*0 8S4

93 3

41 5

9b 00

1 792

(Groger Z anorg 1911,70 136)

124 70
144 80

3 21 3
2 040

When moist is easily sol in KOH, NaOH,

fj TXTTJ /~\T-T 1 A *-j Vvii4- /-vv%llr cil nrtl 4-ViaiV\iri

203 00

1 590

and JNxadOn -f-Aq, but only si sol tnerem
after ignition Partially repptd from solu-
tion in NH4OH+Aq by dilution with H2O
Anhydrous ZnO is insol in dil , but sol
in cone alkali hydrates H-Aq, but the hy-
droxide is easily sol even m dil alkalies -fAq
(Fremy, A ch (3) 23 390 )

The solubility curve has a maximum it a
point corresponding to about 125 g ZnCl2 per
100 g H2O On the first branch of the curve
the solid phase m equilibrium with the solu-
tion is ZnCl2, 4ZnO, 6H2O, on the second
branch it is ZnCl2, ZnO, 1 5H2O

Very si sol m NH4OH+Aq After igm-

(Dnot, C R 1910, 150 1427 )

ZINC PHOSPHIDE

Sol in boiling Fe(NO,)«, and Pb(NO3)2-f

^q^N ppxn ,xTf^oxldes Not attacked by
Co(N08 2, Ni(N03)2, and Ce(N03)3+Aq
(Persoz )

Sol in boiling KCN+Aq

Insol in boiling K tartrate +Aq (Kah-
lenberg and Hillyer, Am Ch J 1894. 16 101 )

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 830 )

Tartaric acid somewhat hinders the pptn
of Zn02H2 ^

Insol in methyl acetate (Naumann, B
1909, 42 3790 )

Insol in acetone (Naumann B 1904
37 4329, Eidmann, C C 1899, II 1014 )

Sol in methyl amme, but msol in amyl
amine+Aq (Wurtz )

1 1 solution containing 1744 g sugar
and 141 g CaO dissoolves 024 g ZnO
(Bodenbender, J B 1865, 600 )

Min Z^nc^te Sol in acids

Zinc peroxide

1 pt sol in 45,000 pts H20

Very sol in acids (Foregger and Philipp.
J Soc Chem Ind 1906, 25 300 )

Zn02 (?) Ppt Decomp by acids with
evolution of H2O2 (Haass, B 17 2249 )

ZnO, H2O, H2O2 (de Forcrand, A ch
1902. (7) 27 58 )

32inO, 2H202 (de Forcrand )

SZnO, H2O, 2H2O2 (de Forcrand )

4ZnO, H2O, 3H2O2 (de Forcrand )

Zn02, Zn02H2 Insol in
(Kouriloff, A ch (6) 23 431 )

3Zn02, Zn(OH)2 Sol m NaOH -fAq with
evolution of O (Eijkman, C C 1905, I
1628)

Zn407, 3ZnO+4H20 Completely sol in
dil H2S04 (de Forcrand )

10Zn02, 4ZnO+5H2O Ppt (Teletow
C C 1911,1 1799)

Zinc oxybromide, ZnBr2, ZnO+13H20

ZnBr2, 4ZnO+10, 13, and 19H O De-
comp by H2O into —

ZnBr2} 6ZnO+35HoO (Andr<§ )
ZnBr2, 5ZnO+6H2O (Andre*)
All oxybromides are sol in KOH an
NH4OH+Aq (Andre*, C R 96 703 )

Zinc oxybromide ammonia, ZnBr , SZnO

2NH8+5H20
Decomp by H2O (Andre", C R 96 703

Zinc oxychlonde, ZnO, 3ZnCl2+H20

Decomp by H2O

Very sol m dil acids (Ephraim, Z anorg
1908, 59 67 )

+4H20 SI sol m H2O, more sol

Easily sol in acids, or NH4OH, or KOH+
Aq (Schindler, Mag Pharm 36 45 )

+5H20 and 8H20 (Andr6, A ch (6) 3
94)

1125

(Dnot,C R 1910,

3Zncf,' ZnCU4-2HjO si sol m HJQ
more easily sol m ZnCls4- \q La«iK aol*
n acids and m \H«OH or KOH-f Aq
Schindler, Mag Phann 36 45 j

+3H2O (\\erner, B 1907, 40 444^)

"' r^^^1^. PI***)

V' JK

H 1888,
'

J88, 106 854 )

4ZnO, ZnCls+6H»0
06 854)

+11HSO (Andr6, \ ch (6) 3 <H )

SZnO, ZnCl,-f-6H,0 (Perrot Bull Soc
.895, (3) 13 976 )

-f 8H20 (Andre*, C R 1882 94. 1524 )

SZnO, 2ZnCl2-r-2bHjO bol in KOH or
H4OH-fAq Decomp b> HjO into—

SZnO, ZnClJ-}-26HJO bol m KOH or
"H^OH-J-Aq Decomp by H/> into—

6ZnO, ZnCls+6HsO Insol in H^
(Kane, A ch 72 296 )

SZnO, ZnCls-flOHjO (iMailhe, A ch
L902, (7) 27 367 )

9ZnO, ZnCls-}-3H,0 Insol in H/)
Less sol m XH4OH+ \q than ZnClj, 3ZnO-f
2H20, but easil\ sol in -j-UHiO

9ZnO, 2ZnCl -j-12H*O Intsol in hot or
cold H2O (Habermann, M 5 432 >

Zinc oxychlonde ammonia, GZnCl . ZnO,

12NH.+4H 0
Decomp b\ HO and boiling alcohol

(4ndr6, \ ch (6) 3 90 •
ZnCl, 3ZnO, 2XH-r5HO

bj B.O (\ndr6 }
ZnCl , 2ZnO, 2VHS-3H O
6ZnCl , 3ZnO. 10\H — loHO \ndrt
4ZnCl , ZnO, 8\H -2H 0 \ndre

Znic oxyiodide, Znl , SZnO +2H 0

Insol in cold tl bol in bo line H O

(Muller, J pr ?6 441 i
Znl, 9ZnO-r24HO In^ol in tnn H<>
Znl, oZnO^llHO Deeomp t\ HM

(Tassilh , C R 189b 122 ^24

Zuic oxyphosphide, ZnP 0

(Renault, A. ch 4, 9 Ib2

Probabh ib a niLxture oi zi K ) - > u e
and phobphoriib (\igier Bull x*» 1861
5)

Zinc oxysulphide, ZnO, ZnS

Sol mHCl-A.q v

ZnO Not detomp r«\

,

HC2H30 +A.q fKer&ten vh\\ J 57
Mm I oLite ^ol in HCl-\q

Zuic phosphide, ZnP
Less easih attacked b\ HCl-\q t^an

ZnP Not attacked b\ hut HCl-\q
(Hvoslef, \ 100 99 ) ^

ZnP4 Insol in dil HCl-\q Reiujlt ;

1126

ZINC SELENIDE

Zn3P2 Insol m H20 Sol in dil HC1,
H2S04, or HN03+Aq, with evolution of
PH8 (Renault, A ch (4) 9 162 )

Zn3P4 Insol in HCl-fAq (Renault)

Zinc selemde, ZnSe

Cold dil HN03-hAq dissolves out Zn, and
Se separates out, which dissolves on warming
as H2SeO3 (Berzehus )

+sH2O Insol inH20 (Berzehus)

Zinc sulphide, ZnS

Anhydrous Insol in H2O Sol in HC1+
Aq. msol in HC2H802+Aq (Ebelmen, A
ch (3) 26 97 )

Sol in H2S+Aq under pressure in a sealed
tube (SenarmonLA ch (3)32 168)

Min Blende, Sphalente SI attacked by
acids, expecting aqua regia

1 1 H2O dissolves 665X10-6 mols zinc
blende at 18°

1 1 H2O dissolves 663X10-6 mols arti-
ficial cryst ZnS at 18° (Wiegel, Z phys
Ch 1907, 58 294 )

Sol m an alkaline solution of NaCIO
(Sadtler, Trans Am Electrochem Soc
1902, 1 142)

Insol in liquid NH3 (Franklin, Am Ch
J 1898, 20 830 )

+1/2, 2/3, or 1H20

Pptd ZnS

1 1 H2O dissolves 7060X10-6 mols pptd
ZnS at 18° (Wiegel, Z phys Ch 1907, 58
294)

Insol in alkali hydrates, carbonates, and
sulphides+Aq Insol m NH4OH, HC1, or
(NH4)2C03+Aq Easily sol m very dil HC1
and HNOs+Aq, but H2S ppts ZnS m pres-
ence of very dil HCl-f-Aq, or H2S04+Aq
(Eliot and Storer )

More easily sol in HNO3-fAq than m
HClH-Aq (Fresenms )

Only si sol m acetic icid (Wackenroder )

When still moist is sol in H2S03+Aq

Insol inNH4ClorNH4N03+Aq

K2S+Aq when added to ZnS04+Aq pro-
duces a ppt in presence of 10,000 pts H>O,
and a slight opalcscence with 20,000 pts
(Lassaignc )

Slowly sol in cone KCN+Aq (Halm,
J B 1870 1008)

SI sol m Nijb+Aq, «K>! in Na&H+Aq
(Beckei, Sill Am J (*) 33 199)

Zinc pent a sulphide, ZnSs

Sol in acids, with scpantion of S (bchift,
A 116 74 )

Zinc sulphosihcide, ZnSiS

Decornp by uids ind by alk ilies (Praen-
kel, Met ill, 1909, 6 bS3 )

Zinc tellunde, ZnTe

Decomp by acidb fool in Br2+Aq
OHbre C R 105 277) I

Zincic acid

Zinc hydroxide shows weak acid properties,
and forms the following salts

Ammonium zincate, 3ZnO, 4NH8+12H20 =
3ZnO, 2(NH4)iO+10HiO

Decomp by much BkO

Banum zincate, BaH2Zn204+7H2O

Decomp by H20 (Bertrand, C R 115
939)

Calcium zincate, CaH2Zn204-f-4H2O

Decomp by H20 Sol in NH4OH+Aq
(Bertrand, C R 115 939 )

Cobaltous zincate, &CoO, yZnO

Rinman's green Sol in acids H2CO3+Aq
dissolves out ZnO (Comey )

Potassium znicate, ZnO, K2O

Easily sol in H20, but decomp by boiling
(Laux, A 9 183)

2ZnO, K20 Decomp immediately by
cold H2O (Fremy, C R 15 1106 )

Sodic zmcate, Na20, 2ZnO+8H2O, or
2NaHZnO2+7H20

Decomp by H2O or alcohol (Comey
and Jackson, Am Ch J 11 145 )

4-7H20 (Forster and Gunther, Z Elek-
trochem, 1899, 6 301 )

2Na20, 3ZnO-H8H20 or Zn3O6Na4H2-h
17H2O Decomp by H20 or alcohol Insol
in ether (Comey and Jackson )

Strontium zincate, SrH2Zn204+7H2O
Decomp by H^O (Bertrand )

Zircomc acid
See Zirconium hydroxide

Banum zirconate, BaZr08

Insol in acids (Ouvrard, C R 113 80 )

Calcium zirconate, CaZrO3

Insol m acids (Ouvrard, C K 113 80 )

Calcium zirconate, acid

Insol m H2O 01 HCl-hAq (Hiordthil, A
137 237)

Calcium potassium zirconate, (Ca,K)LaO3
(small quantity of CaO substituted by
K20)
Sol in HC1 (Venable, J Am Chem Soc

189b, 18 444 )

Cupnc zirconate

(Berthier, A ch 69 195 )

ZIRCONIUM IODIDE

1127

lithium zirconate,

Easily attacked by acids (Ouvrard. C R
112 1444 )

Magnesium zirconate

Insol m H2O or HCl+Aq (Hiordthal,
C R 61 215)

Potassium zirconate

Decomp by HCl+Aq (Knop, A 159 44 )

Sodium zirconate, Na2Zr08

Decomp by H2O

Na*ZrO4 Decomp by HCl+Aq, and is
dissolved by subsequent addition of H20

Na20, 8ZrO2+12H2O (Hiordthal)

Strontium zirconate, SrZr08
As CaZrOs (Ouvrard )

Zirconium, Zr

Crystallized Attacked by cone HCl+Aq
above 50°, but very slowly even at 100°,
rapidly by hot aqua regia Sol in cold cone
HF+Aq (Troost, C R 61 109 )

Very violently attacked *by a mixture of
HN03 and HF (Berzelius, Pogg 4 117 )

Amorphous Slowly attacked by boiling
aqua regia, H2S04, or cone HCl+Aq (Ber-
zelius )

Easily sol in HF or HNO3+HF

Zirconium bromide, ZrBr*

Very hygroscopic Violently decomp b}
H2O to form oxybromide (Melhss, Zeit
Ch (2) 6 296 )

SI sol m organic solvents (Matthews, J
Am Chem Soc 1898, 20 840 )

Zirconium bromide ammonia, ZrBr*, 4NH3
Ppt Insol m organic solvents (Mat-
thews, J Am Chem Soc 1898, 20 840 )
ZrBr4, 10NH3 Very hydroscopic
Decomp by H2O (Stabler, B 1905, 38
2612)

Zirconium carbide, ZrC

Insol m H2O and NH4OH+Aq and HC1
Aq even when heated Sol m HN08, H S04
and fused alkali nitrates, chlorates, or hy-
droxides (Moissan, C R 1896, 122 653 )

Zirconium chloride, ZrCl4

Sol in H2O with evolution of much heat
to form ZrOCl2 feol m alcohol (Hmsberg,
A 239 253)

Very unstable

Probably substances so described m the
literature by Ny lander and others \vere ox>-
chlondes (Venable, J Am Chem Soc 1894,
16 471)

Sol m ether (Matthews, J Am Chem
Soc 1898, 20 821 )

Zirconium chloride amrrif-^^ ZrCI*. 2NH*.

f r p by H,O

(Matthews, J Am Chem ix>c 1898 SB. 82! )

?^*' B 1905> »»» >
Decomp b> H& (Fay-

tcull )

Unstable Decomp In H/> (Matthews,
J Am Chem Soc 1898, 20 821 )VMawnew">

ZrCU, 8NH, Stable in the air Decomp
by H£> Insol in ether (Matthews, J
Am Chem Soc 1898, 20 821 )

Very hydroscopic Decomp b> H*O.
(Stahler,B 1905,38 2611 )

Zirconium fluoride, ZrF<

Anhydrous Insol in HaO and acids (Dc-
ville, A ch (3) 49 84 )

Onlj si sol in H»0

1 388 g dissolve in 100 cc HjO without
hydrolysis On canning the solution. *ir-
comiim hydrate begins to ppt out at about
50° (Wolter, Ch 21908, 32 606 )

+3H O Sol in HjO, but solution decom-
poses on diluting, with pptn of an insol
basic salt Sol in dil HF-h \q (Bersehus )

Zirconium fluonde ammonia, 5ZrF4, 2NHi
(Wolter, Ch Z 1908, 32 607 )

Zirconium hydride, ZrH2
Not attacked b\ acids
873)

B 24L

Zirconium hydroxide, Zr{OH)4

Insol in H 0 or alcohol Sol m 51HX* pts
H O (Melhss )

Sol in acids, e\en o\ahc or tartanc acid,
•vshen precipitated cold If precipitated hot
it is skml> dissohed upon heatmg \sith cone
acids

Sol m dil or cone mir> acids except HI
Readily sol m oxahc onl\ si sol m Acetic
acid

Much lebS sol tthen pptd irons Lu solu-
tion than \vhen pptd from cold -option
(\ enable, J Ajn Chem boc 1^^ 20 274

fel sol m (\H4'CU-\q In ol in
K C03 and \a CO -\q In*ol - \~OH,
KOH, iiid \H4OH-\q

^ol in (\H4) C4H Oe-NH UH-\c In-
sol m NH4 feal

re-

tr B
re^ra,

Zirconium iodide, Zrl*

Fumeb in the iir

feol in HU ind uuN \ ith \
action

Decomp b\ akohul Nil in

bl bol in benzene and C^ ^
1904, 37 Ilo7 )

Inbol m HO HNO HC1 ^
and Cb2

bol in H ^04 \\ith decomp L
by boiling HO <Dennib J ^n. Cnem
Soc 189b, 18 b78 )

1128

ZIRCONIUM IODIDE AMMONIA

Zirconium iodide ammonia, ZrI4, 6NH3,

ZrI4, 7NH8, ZrI4, 8NH8, ZrI4, 10NH8
All above comps are hydroscopic and lose
NH3 in the air (Stabler, B 1905, 38 2615 )

Zirconium, nitride

Scarcely attacked by acids, aqua regia, and
caustic alkalies Slowly decomp by long
contact with H20 (Mallet, Sill Am J (2)
28 346)

Zr2N3 Decomp when heated in the air,
sol in HF, insol in other mm acids (Mat-
thews, J Am Chem Soc 1898, 20 844 )

ZrsNjg Decomp when heated m the air

Sol in HF, insol in other mm acids (Mat-
thews, J Am Chem Soc 1898, 20 844)

Zirconium oxide, Zr02

When ignited, is msol in all acids except
HF and H2S04 SI sol in HF, sol in H2S04
only when very finely powdered and heated
with a mixture of 2 pts H2S04 and 1 pt H20
until the H2S04 volatilises (Berzelms )

Zirconium peroxide, ZrOs

(Cleve, Bull Soc (2) 43 53), or Zr20fi ac-
cording to Bailey (Chem Soc 49 150)

attacked by cold dil H2S04+Aq

n silicon oxide
.iju Zircon See Silicate, zirconium

Zirconium oxy-compounds
See Zirconyl compounds

Zirconium phosphide, ZrP2

Insol in dil or cone acids and alkalies
SI sol in aqua regia (Gewecke. A 1908,

361 85)

Zirconium sihcide, ZrSi2

Sol in HF, msol in other mm acids
Not acted upon by 10% KOH+Aq or

NaOH+Aq

Decomp by fusion with KOH (Hotiigs-

chmid, C R 1906, 143 225 )

Zirconium sulphide

Insol m HaO bol in HF, slowly sol in
aqua re^ux Insol m HNO3, HC1, H SO4,
or KOH+Aq (Bcrzchus )

Insol in dil acids Sol m cone HN03 +
Aq (perhaps an oxysulphidc) (tremy )

Zirconomolybdic acid

Ammonium zirconomolybdate,

2(NH4)20, Zr02, 12Mo03+10H20
Sol in H20 (Pechard, C 11 1893, 117
790)

Potassium zirconomolybdate,

2K2O, ZrO2, 12Mo08+18H20
Sol in H20 (Pechard )

Zirconotungstic acid

Ammonium zircono^ecatungstate,
3(NH4)2O, Zr02, 10W08+13H20

Very sol m H20

Efflorescent (Hallopeau, Bull Soc 1896,
(3) 16 921 )

3(NH4)20, H2O. Zr02, 10WO3+13H20
Sol m H2C, unstable, effloresces in the air
(Hallopeau )

Potassium zurconotungstate, 4K20, Zr02.
W03+20H20

Sol in hot H2O (Hallopeau )

4K20. Zr02, 10WOS+15H2O More sol
m hot than in cold H20

Sol in fused alkali carbonates (Hallo-
peau )

Potassium dizirconocfecatungstate,

4K20, 2Zr02, 10W08+20H2O
More sol m hbt than in cold H2O
Sol in fused alkali carbonates (Hillopeau )

Zirconyl bromide, ZrOBr2+3H20

Deliquescent Decomp in moist air
Very sol m H2O (Venible, J \m Chem
Soc 1898, 20 324 )

-H7H20 bol m H2O (Molhss )

4"8H2O Deliquescent Decomp in moist
air Very sol m H/) (Ven ible, J Am
Chem Soc 1898, 20 324 )

-|-13H2O Deliquescent Dtcomp m
moist air

Very sol in H 0 (Ven iblo )

+ 14II/) Deliquescent I)c«>mp m
moist air (Venable )

Veiy sol in H.»{} (\cnil)lc )

ZrBr(OII)3+H20, and +211 0 D( liques-
cent, and decomp in moist ur ( V( n ibh )

Zirconyl chlonde, ZiOClj

Sol in H2O, msol in IIC1 f\cnil)I«, J
Am Chem Soc ISO i, 16 47 ) )

+2HO (Chiuvcnct, C H 1012 164
822)

-f*H2O Sol m HO (\ciuhlc )

+ J5HO (Chiuvcnct C K 1<)12, 164
S22)

+(>H2O (Ch luvcnoi )

Sol m H O

liibol m HC1 (Ven ibl« )

+44IIO, b^HO, mil SIIO

Lfflorebeent Easily sol in HO iml iko-
hol Very si sol m torn HU+Vq (Ber-
zehus )

+8H20 Sol m H2O (Veniblc, J Vm
Chem feoc 1898, 20 321 )

Effloresces in the air

ZIRCONYL SULPHIDE

1129

Sol m H20 Less sol in HCl+Aq and
nearly insol in cone HC1 (Chauvenet,
C It 1912, 154u 822 )

Zr2OCl2 Sol in H2O and alcohol (Ende-
mann, J pr (2) 11 219 )

Not decomp by H2O

Sol in dil .HC1 (Chauvenet, C R 1912,
154 1236)

+H20 (Chauvenet, C R 1912, 154
1236)

+3H20 Decomp by H20 Sol in dil
HC1 (Chauvenet )

SZrO^ 7HC1 Sol in H2O (E )

Zr2OCl6 (Troost and Hautefeudle, C R
73 563)

Zr3OCl4=ZrCl4, 2Zr02 Insol in HaO
(Hermann )

Zirconyl iodide, ZrOI2+8H2O

Very sol in H20 and alcohol

Very hydroscopic ((Stabler, B 1904,
37 1138)

ZrI(OE)3+3E20 Easily sol in HjO
(Hinsberg, A 239 253 )

Ppt SI sol in HI+Aq (Venable, J
Am Chem Soc 1898, 20 328 )

Zirconyl sulphide (?)

Decomp by HN03 with separation of S
(Fremy, A ch (3) 38 326 )

i

APPENDIX

FORMULA FOR CONVERTING AREOMETER DEGREES INTO
SPECIFIC GRAVITY

n =no of degrees on the areometer scale, sp gr = specific gravity

Areometer

Temp

Liquids heavier than HaO

Liquids lighter than H»Q

1 Baom6

(a) According to Baum&s
original directions For
Liquids heavier than H20
Sp gr of a solution of 15 pts

TVT (~V\ Ate*ai-\\tmA ir\ QP\ T\^a TT C\

1 ^°

!

a 149 05

CD _ _ 145 56

JN aUl dissolved in oo pts xig^

i i i-j ffQ 1 .3 . 1111 QQQQ l

JLO

Sp ^ 14905-r.

bp ^ 135 56-r«

at 12 o "10 KO — 1 liloyoo I

\ 1^5 /

= 15°j H2O = 0° For liquids
lighter than H2O Sp gr of
10% NaCl+Aq * at 12 5°
(12 5° \
rfj2To-l 0737665 j =0°,

H20 = 10°

-, rrr U5 8S

OD ^ _ U5 Sb

(b) OZd Form Liquids
heavier than H2O, 10%NaCl
/ 15° \

I A a/ 1K°//-7 1 fYT^^n 1

12 5°

i eo

up gr-1458S~^
140 3

^P gr Io5 SS- c
14b 5

-J-Aq at lo ( u-i to — J- U/ooOU 1

= 10° 7 H2O = 0° Liquids
lighter than H2O, 10% NaCl

15

Sp gr=14C3o-^
146 78

^P ^ 13o o~^
14o 7s

4-Aq = 0°,H20 = 10°
(c) New Form So-called
"Rational Scale7' Liquids
heavier than H20, H2S04-f

17 5°

OP sr =146 78.w
- ,v 1443

t<P gr""l,b 7b-^

Aqi5! = 1 842 = 66° , H2O = 0°
15

15°

op gi 1443_^

2 Beck

H2O-0°,o liquid of 0850

/12 5°\ on0 qrilr

i a co

Q 17°

170
fop gr = -=-

sp gi (i25°/~^
continued above and below

\2, 0

bp gr 170-n

r 1<U

3 Twaddle

H20 = Oc Each degree cor-
responds to an increase of
0 005 in the sp gr

Given on
the instru-
ment

Sp gr =1000+0005/1

1132

APPENDIX

TABLES FOR THE CONVERSION OF BAUM& DEGREES
INTO SP GR

Since the original directions of Baum6 there have been many slight modifica-
tions suggested, so that there are several varieties of Baum6 hydrometers with
somewhat varying readings, tables for the two principal ones of which are here-
given

1 According to Baum6's original directions

For liquids heavier than H20 Sp gr of 15 % NaCl+

(12 5°\
^J - 1 1118988 = 15°, H20 = 0°

Calculated according to the formula, sp gr =

14905
149 05 -n

Deg

Baumfi

Sp gr

Deg
Baumg

Sp gr

Deg
Baum6

Sp gr

Deg
Baumfi

Sp gr

0

1 00000

20

1 15497

39

1 35438

58

1 63701

1

1 00675

21

1 16399

40

1 36680

59

1 65519

2

1 01360

22

1 17316

41

1 37945

60

1 67378

3

1 02054

23

1 18246

42

1 39234

61

1 69279

4

1 02757

24

1 19192

43

1 40547

62

1 71223

5

1 03471

25

1 20153

44

1 41885

63

1 73213

6

1 04194

26

* 1 21129

45

1 43248

64

1 75250

7

1 04927

27

1 22122

46

1 44638

65

1 773'35

8

1 05671

28

1 23131

47

1 46056

66

1 79470

9

1 06426

29

1 24156

48

1 47501

67

1 81657

10

1 07191

30

1 25199

49

1 48971

68

1 83899

11

1 07968

31

1 26260

50

1 50479

69

1 86196

12

1 08755

32

1 27338

51

1 52014

70

1 88551

13

1 09555

33

1 28436

52

1 53580

71

1 90967

14

1 10366

34

1 29522

53

1 55179

72

1 93446

15

1 11189

35

1 30688

54

1 56812

73

1 95989

16

1 12025

36

1 31844

55

1 58471

74

1 9S601

17

1 12873

37

1 33621

56

1 60182

75

2 012S3

18

1 13735

38

1 34218

57

1 61925

76

2 04038

19

1 14609

APPENDIX

1133

For liquids lighter than H20 Sp gr of 10 % NaCl

Aq (^55) = 1 0737665 = 0° , H20 « 10°

14556

Calculated according to the formula, sp gr = :

Deg

Baum6

Sp gr

Deg
Baume

Sp gr

Deg
Baume

Sp gr

Deg
Baum£

Sp gr

10

1 00000

30

0 87919

50

0 78443

65

0 72577

15
20

0 96679
0 93571

35

40

0 85342
0 82912

55
60

0 76385
0 74432

70
75

0 70811
0 69130

25

0 90657

45

0 80616

2 According to the so-called Rational Scale
Sp gr of H2S04+Aq(^|) =1 842=66° , H20 = 0°

1443
Calculated according to the formula, sp gr = 1443_y

Deg
Baum6

Sp gr

Deg

Baum6

Sp gr

Deg
BaumS

Sp gr

Deg
Baum6

Sp gr

1
2
3

4
5
6

7

Q
Q

10

11

12
13
14
15
16

1 007
1 014
1 021
1 029
1 036
1 043
1 051
1 059
1 066
1 074
1 082
1 091
1 099
1 107
1 116
1 125

18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33

1 142
1 152
1 161
1 170
1 180
1 190
1 200
1 210
1 220
1 230
1 241
1 251
1 262
1 274
1 285
1 296

35

36
37

38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

1 320
1 332
1 345
1 357
1 370
1 384
1 397
1 411
1 424
1 439
1 453
1 468
1 483
1 498
1 514
1 530

51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
b4
65
6b

1 547
1 563
1 580
1 598
1 616
1 634
1 653
1 672
1 692
1 712
1 732
1 7o3
1 77o
1 797
1 820
1 842

17

1 133

34

1 308

1134

APPENDIX

ArriL.LN.UiA

1135

SYNCHRONISTIC TABLE OF CHEMICAL

AND OTHER SCIENTIFIC P^RIODICALS-Part I

Year

A

A ch

Am J Sci

Ann Mm

' Ann Phil

Arch
Pharm

Ch
Gaz

C R

Dmgl

1800

(1) 32-34

1801

35-39

1802

40-43

1803

44-47

1804

48-51

1805

52-55

1806

56-60

1807

61-64

1808

65-68

1809

69-72

1810

73-76

1811

77-80

1812

81-84

1813

85-88

(1) 1, 2

1814

89-92

3,4

1815

93-96

5, 6

1816

(2) 1-3

7,8

1817

4-6

1, 2

9, 10

1818

7-9

3

11, 12

1819

10-12

(1) 1

4

13, 14

1820

13-15

2

5

15, 16

1-3

16-18

3

6

(2) 1, 2

4r-6

19-21

4, 5

7

3, 4

1,2

7-9

22-24

6

8

5, 6

3-6

10-12

25-27

7, S

9

7, 8

7-10

13-15

28-30

y

10, 11

9, 10

11-14

16-18

31-33

10, 11

12, 13

11, 12

16-19

19-22

34^36

12

(2) 1, 2

20-23

23-26

37-39

13, 14

3, 4

24-26

27-30

40-42

15, 16

5, 6

27-30

31-34

43-45

17, 18

7, 8

31-34

35-38

1831

46-48

19, 20

35-39

39-42

1832

1-4

49-51

21, 22

(3) 1, 2

40-43

43-47

1833

5-8

52-55

23, 24

3, 4

44-47

48-50

1834

9-12

56-57

25-27

5, 6

48-50

51-54

1835

13-16

58-60

28, 29

7, 8

(2)1-4

1

55-58

1836

17-20

61-63

30, 31

9, 10

5-8

2, 3

59-62

1837

21-24

64-66

^ 33

11, 12

9-12

4, 5

63-66

1S3S

25-28

67-69

35, 35

13, 14

13-16

6, 7

67-70

1839

29-32

70-72

36, 37

15, 16

17-20

8, 9

71-74

1840

33-36

73-75

38; 39

17, 18

21-24

10, 11

75-78

1S41

37-40

(3) l-o

40, 41

19, 20

25-28

12, 13

79-82

1842

41-44

4-b

42, 43

(4) 1, 2

29-32

14, 15

83-86

1843

45-48

7-9

44, 45

3, 4

33-36

1

16, 17

87-90

1844

49-52

10-12

46, 47

5 6

37-40

2

18, 19

91-94

1845

53-56

13-15

48-50

7, 8

41-44

20, 21

95-98

1846

57-60

16-18

(2) 1, 2

9, 10

45-48

3

22, 23

99-102

1847

61-64

19-21

3,4

11, 12

49-52

4

24, 25

103-106

Gilb Ann

r Chim
med

J Pharm

J pr

Phil Mag

Pogg

Proc
Am
Acad

Proc
Roy
Soc

Q J Sci

Scher J

Schw J

4-6

6-8

34

__—_—___

7-9

9-11

*•*>*

5 6

10-12

12-14

V, \J

7 8

13-15

15-17

* , o

9 10

16-18

18-20

12, 12

19-21

21-23

13* 14

22-24

24r-26

15, 16

25-27

27-29

17* 18

28-30

30-32

19, 20

31-33

(Dl

33, 34

21, 22

34-36

2

35, 36

23, 24

37-39

3

37, 38

3ont as

(1) 1-3

40-42

4

39, 40

Schw J

4-6

43-45

5

41, 42

7-9

46-48

6

43, 44

1O-12

49-51

(2)1

45, 46

13-15

52-54

2

47, 48

1

16-18

55-57

3

49, 50

2, 3

19-21

58-60

4

51, 52

4,5

22-24

61-63

5

53, 54

6 7

25-27

64-66

6

55, 56

89

28-30

67-69

7

57, 58

10, 11

(2) 1-3

70-72

8

59, 60

12, 13

4-6

73-75

9

61, 62

14, 15

7-9

76

10

63, 64

1, 2

16, 17

10-12

Cont as

(1) 1

11

65, 66

3-5

18, 19

13-15

Posg

2

12

67, 68

6-8

20, 21

16-18

3

H

(2) 1, 2

9-11

19-21

4

14

3, 4

12-14

22-24

5

15

5, 6

15-17

25-27

6

16

78

18-20

28-30

7

17

9, 10

21-23

.3)1-3

8

18

11, (3) 1

24-26

1

4-6

<)

19

2, 3

27-30

1

2

7-9

10

20

1-3

4, 5

31-33

Cont as

(2) 1

21

4-6

6, 7

34-36

J pr

2

22

7-9

8, 9

37-39

*

2^

10-12

10, 11

40-42

3

4

24

13-15

12, 13

43-4o

rj

25

16-18

14, 15

46-48

(>

26

19-21

16, 17

49-51

7

27

22-24

18, 19

52-54

8

(3) 1, 2

25-27

20, 21

55-57

4

9

3, 4

28-30

22, 23

58-60

10

5, 6

31-33

24, 25

61-63

(3) 1

78

34-36

26, 27

64-66

2

9, 10

37-39

28, 29

67-69

2

3

11, 12

40-42

30, 31

70-72

1134

APPEKDDC

SYNCHRONISTIC TABLE OF CHEMICAL

Y«*r

A

A ch

Am J Sci

Ann Mm

' Ann Phil

Arch
Pharm

Ch
Gaz

C R

Dmgl

1800

(1) 32-34

1801

35-39

1802

40-43

1803

44-47

1804

48-51

1805

52-55

1806

56-60

1807

61-64

1806

65-68

1809

69-72

1810

73-76

1811

77-80

1812

81-84

1813

85-88

(1) 1, 2

1814

89-92

3, 4

1815

93-96

5,6

1816

(2) 1-3

7,8

1817

4-6

1, 2

9, 10

1818

7-9

3

11, 12

1819

10-12

(1) 1

4

13, 14

1820

13-15

2

5

15, 16

1-3

1821

16-18

3

6

(2) 1, 2

4r-6

1822

19-21

4, 5

7

3, 4

1,2

7-9

1823

22-24

6

8

5, 6

3-6

10-12

25-27

7, S

9

7 8

7-10

13-15

i 2S-30

M

10, 11

9, 10

11-14

16-18

31-33 10, 11

12, 13

11, 12

16-19

19-22

34-^6

12

(2) 1, 2

20-23

23-26

37-39

13, 14

3, 4

24-26

27-30

40-42 i 15; 16

Si 6

27-30

31-34

43-4o 17, IS

7, 8

31-34

35-38

1831

46-4S 19, 20

35-39

39-42

1S32 1-4

49-:>l 21, 22

(3) 1, 2

40-43

43-47

18o3 o-S

o2-oo ) 2o, 24

3! 4

44-47

48-50

1834 i 9-12

ot>-o7

2o-27

0, b

48-50

51-54

1S35 13-lb

oS-60

28, 29

7, 8

(2) 1-4

1

55-58

1S36 17-20

bl-bo

oO, :>!

9, 10

5-8

2, 3

59-62

1S37 21-24

64-bb

32a DO

11, 12

9-12

4, 5

63-66

1S3S 2o-2s

b7-b9

OO, 03

lo, 14

13-16

6, 7

67-70

1S39 29-32

70-72

3b :>7

lo, Ib

17-20

8,9

71-74

1S40 3o-ob

To— 7o

oS, 30

17, IS

21-24

10, 11

75-78

1S41 37-40

(3; l->

40, 41

19, 20

25-28

12, 13

79-82

1M2 41-44

4-b

42, 4>

(4) 1, 2

29-32

14, 15

83-86

1S43 4o-4t>

7-*>

44, 41

>, 4

33-36

1

16, 17

87-90

1S44 49-52

10-12

4b, 47

0, b

37-40

2

18, 19

91-94

1S45 5o-5b

lo-l>

4b-^0

~, s

41-44

20, 21

95-98

1846 57-00

lt>-lS

(2) 1, 2

*» 10

45-48

3

22, 23

99-102

1S47 bl-b4

1*4-21

o, 4

11, 12

49-52

4

24, 25

103-106

AND OTHER SCIENTIFIC PERIODICALS— Part I

Gilb Ann

3 Chim
xned

S Pharm

J pr

Phil Mag

Pogg

Proc
Am
Acad

Proc
Roy
Soc

Q J Sci

Scher J

Schw J

4-6

6-8

3,4

7-9

9-11

5, 6

10-12

12-14

7, 8

13-15

15-17

9. 10

16-18

18-20

12. 12

19-21

21-23

13, 14

22-24

24-26

15, 16

25-27

27-29

17, 18

28-30

30-32

19, 20

31-33

d)l

33, 34

21, 22

34-36

2

35, 36

23, 24

37-39
40-42

3

4

37, 38
39, 40

Cont as
Schw J

(1) 1-3
4-6

43-45

5

41, 42

7-9

46-48

6

43, 44

10-12

49-51

(2)1

45, 46

13-15

52-54

2

47, 48

1

16-18

55-57

3

49, 50

2, 3

19-21

58-60

4

51, 52

4, 5

22-24

61-63

5

53, 54

6 7

25-27

64-66

6

55, 5b

St 9

28-30

67-69

7

57, 58

10, 11

(2) 1-3

70-72

8

59, 60

12, 13

4-6

73-75

9

61, 62

14, 15

7-9

76
Cont as

(1)1

10
11

63, 64
65, 66

1, 2

3-5

16, 17
18, 19

10-12
13-15

Pogg

2

12

67, 68

6-8

20, 21

16-18

3

13

(2) 1, 2

9-11

19-21

4

14

3, 4

12-14

22-24

5

15

5, 6

15-17

25-27

6

16

7, 8

18-20

28-30

7

17

9, 10

21-23

(3) 1-3

8

18

11, (3) 1

24-26

1

4-6

9

19

2, 3

27-30

1

2

7-9

10

20

1-3

4, 5

31-33

Cont as

(2)1

21

4-6

6, 7

34-36

J pr

2

22

7-9

8, 9

37-39

3

23

10-12

10, 11

40-42

3

4

24

13-15

12, 13

43-45

5

25

16-18

14, 15

46-48

6

26

19-21

16, 17

49-51

7

27

22-24

18, 19

52-54

8

(3) 1, 2

25-27

20, 21

55-57

4

9

3, 4

28-30

22, 23

58-60

10

5, 6

31-33

24, 25

61-63

(3)1

7, 8

34^36

26, 27

64-66

2

9, 10

37-30

28, 29

67-69

2

3

11, 12

40-42

30, 31

70-72

1136

APPENDIX

SYNCHRONISTIC TABLE OF CHEMICAL AND

Y«*r

A

A ch

Am
Ch J

Am J
Sci

Analyst

Ann Mm

Arch
Pharm

A
suppl

B

Bull Soc

1848

e&-68

22-24

5, 6

13, 14

53-56

1840

69-72

25-27

7,8

15, 16

57-60

1850

73-76

28-30

9, 10

17, 18

61-64

1851

77-30

31-33

11, 12

19,20

65-68

1852

81-84

34-36

13 14

(5) 1, 2

69-72

1853

85-88

37-39

15, 16

3,4

73-76

1854

89-92

40-42

17, 18

S'2

77-80

1855

93-96

43-45

19, 20

7, 8

81-84

1856

97-100

46-48

21, 22

9, 10

85-88

1857

101-104

49-51

23, 24

11, 12

89-92

1858

105-108

52-54

25, 26

13, 14

93-96

1859

H&-112

55-57

27, 28

15, 16

97-100

1

1860

113-116

58-60

29, 30

17, 18

101-104

2

1861

117-120

61-63

31, 32

19, 20

105-108

1

3

1862

121-124

64-66

33, 34

(6) 1, 2

109-112

2

4

1863

125-128

67-69

35, 36

3,4

113-116

5

1864

129-132

(4) 1-3

37, 38

5,6

117-120

3

(2) 1, 2

1865

133-136

4-6

39, 40

7'8n

121-124

4

3, 4

1866

137-140

7-9

41, 42

9, 10

125-128

5, 6

1867

141-144

10-12

43, 44

11, 12

129-132

5

7, 8

1868

145-148

13-16

45, 56

13, 14

133-136

6

1

9, 10

1869

149-152

16-18

47, 48

15, 16

137-140

2

11, 12

1870

153-156

19-21

49, 50

17, 18

141-144

7

3

13, 14

1871

157-160

22-24

(3) 1, 2*

19, 20

145-148

4

15, 16

L64

25-27

3, 4

(7) 1, 2

149, 150

(3) It

8

5

17, 18

. . -170 28-30

5, 6

3, 4

2,3

6

19, 20

/4

171-174

(5) 1-3

7,8

5, 6

4,5

7

21, 22

875

175-179

4-6

9, 10

7,8

6,7

8

23, 24

1876

180-183

7-9

11, 12

0

9, 10

8,9

9

25, 26

1877

184-189

10-12

13, 14

2

11, 12

10,11

10

27, 28

1878

190-194

13-15

15, 16

3

13, 14

12.13

11

29, 30

1879

195-199

16-18

1

17, IS

4

15, 16

14,15

12

31, 32

1880

200-205

19-21

2

19, 20

5

17, 18

16,17

13

33, 34

1881

206-210

22-24

3

21, 22

6

19, 20

18,19

14

35, 36

1S82

211-215

25-27

4

23, 24

7

(8) 1, 2

20

15

37, 38

1883

216-221

2S-30

5

25, 26

8

3,4

21

16

39, 40

1SS4 222-226

(6) 1-3

6

27, 28

9

5; 6

22

17

41, 42

1SS5 227-231

4-6

7

29, 30

10

7, 8

23

18

43, 44

1SS6 232-236

7-9

8

31, 32

-11

9, 10

24

19

45, 46

1887 237-242

10-12

9

33, 34

12

11, 12

25

20

47, 48

1888243-249

13-15

10

35, 36

13, 14

13, 14

26

21

49, 50

1889,250-255

16-18

11

37, 38

15, 16

15, 16

27

22

(3) 1, 2

1800256-260

19-21

12

39, 40

17, 18

17, 18

228

23

3, 4

1891 261-266
1892267-271
18931272-277

22-24
25-27
2S-30

13
14
15

41, 42
43, 44
45, 46

19, 20
21, 22
23, 24

19, 20
(9) 1, 2
3, 4

229
230
231

24
25
26

5, 6
7, 8
9, 10

1894 1278-283

(7) 1-3

16

47, 48

25, 26

56

232

27

11, 12

1895

284-289

4-6

17

49, 50

27, 28

7,8

233

28

13, 14

* Also cited as whole series, 101, 102, 103, etc

t AJso cited as 201, 202, etc

APPENDIX

1137

OTHER SCIENTIFIC PERIODICALS— Part II

C C

Chem
Ind

Chem
Soc

Ch
Gaz

Ch
Ztg

dm

C N

C R

I>mgl

Gazz

ch it

J Am
Chem
Soc

J

Anal
Ch

5

26, 27

107-110

1

6

28, 29

111-114

2

7

30, 31

115-118

3

8

32, 33

119-122

4

9

1, 2

34, 35

123-126

5

10

3,4

36, 37

127-130

6

11

5, 6

38, 39

131-134

7

12

Cont

40, 41

135-138

1

8

13

asN

42, 43

139-142

2

9

14

Gun

44, 45

143-146

3

10

15

46, 47

147-150

4

11

16

48, 49

151-154

5
6

12
13

17
Gout

1, 2
3,4

50, 51
52, 53

155-158
159-162

7
8

14, 15

ie*

as
C N

5, 6

7, 8

54, 55
56, 57

163-166
167-170

9

17

9, 10

58, 59

171-174

10

18

11, 12

60, 61

175-178

11

19

13, 14

62, 63

179-182

12

20

15, 16

64, 65

183-186

13

21

17, 18

66, 67

187-190

14

22

9, 20

68, 69

191-194

15

23

21, 22

70, 71

195-198

16

24

23, 24

72, 73

199-202

1

17

25

25, 26

74, 75

203-206

2

18

26

27, 28

76, 77

207-210

3

19

27

29, 30

78, 79

211-214

4

20

28

31, 32

80, 81

215-218

5

21

29, 30

33, 34

82, 83

219-222

6

22

31, 32

1

35, 36

84, 85

223-226

7

23

1

33, 34

2

37, 38

86, 87

227-230

8

24

2

35, 36

3

39, 40

88, 89

231-234

9

1

25

3

37, 38

4

41, 42

90, 91

235-238

10

2

26

4

39, 40

5

43, 44

92, 93

239-242

11

3

27

5

41, 42

6

45, 46

94, 95

243-246

12

4

28

6

43, 44

7

47, 48

96, 97

247-250

13

5

29

7

45, 46

8

49, 50

98, 99

251-254

14

6

30

8

47, 48

9

51, 52

100, 101

255-258

15

7

31

9

49, 50

10

53, 54

102, 103

259-262

16

8

32

10

51, 52

11

55, 56

104, 105

263-266

17

9

1

33

11

53, 54

12

57, 58

106, 107

267-270

18

10

2

34

12

55, 56

13

59, 60

108, 109

271-274

19

11

3

35

13

57, 58

14

61, 62

110, 111

275-278

20

12

4

36

14

59, 60

15

63, 64

112, 113

279-282

21

13

5

37

15

61, 62

16

65, 66

114, 115

283-286

22

14

6

38

16

63, 64

17

67, 68

116, 117

287-290

23

15

7

39

17

65, 66

18

69, 70

118, 119

291-294

24

16

40

18

67, 68

19

71, 72

120, 121

295-298

25

17

k Also cited as (2) 1, 2, 3, etc

i

1136

APPENDIX

SYNCHRONISTIC TABLE OF CHEMICAL AND

Y«u-

A

A oh

Am
Ch J

Am J
Sci

Analyst

Ann Mm

Arch
Pharm

A
suppl

B

Bull Soc

1848

65-68

22-24

5, 6

13. 14

53-56

1849

69-72

25-27

7, 8

15, 16

57-60

1850

73-76

28-30

9, 10

17, 18

61-64

1861

77-30

31-33

11, 12

19, 20

65-68

1852

81-84

34-36

13, 14

(5) 1, 2

69-72

1863

85-88

37-39

15, 16

3,4

73-76

1854

89-02

40-42

17, 18

5, 6

77-80

1855

93-96

43-45

19, 20

7,8

81-84

1856

97-100

46-48

21, 22

9, 10

85-88

1857

101-104

49-51

23, 24

11, 12

89-92

1858

105-108

52-54

25, 26

13, 14

93-96

1859

109-112

55-57

27, 28

15, 16

97-100

1

1860

113-116

58-60

29, 30

17, 18

101-104

2

1861

117-120

61-63

31, 32

19, 20

105-108

1

3

1862

121-124

64-66

33, 34

(6) 1, 2

109-112

2

4

1863

125-128

67-69

35, 36

3,4

113-116

5

1864

129-132

(4) 1-3

37, 38

5, 6

117-120

3

(2) 1, 2

1865

133-136

4-6

39, 40

7,8

121-124

4

3, 4

1866

137-140

7-9

41, 42

9, 10

125-128

5, 6

1867

141-144

10-12

43, 44

11, 12

129-132

5

7, 8

1868

145-148

13-16

45, 56

13, 14

133-136

6

1

9, 10

1869

149-152

16-18

47, 48

15, 16

137-140

2

11, 12

1870

153-156

19-21

49, 50

17, 18

141-144

7

3

13, 14

1871

157-160

22-24

(3) 1, 2*

19, 20

145-148

4

15, 16

1872

161-164 25-27

3, 4

(7) 1, 2

149, 150

8

5

17, 18

(3) It

1873

165-170 28-30

5, 6

3, 4

2,3

6

19, 20

1874

171-174 (5) 1-3

7, 8

5 6

45

7

21, 22

1875

175-1791 4-6

9, 10

78

67

8

23, 24

1876

180-183

7-9

11, 12

0

9, 10

8,Q

9

25, 26

1877

184-189

10-12

13, 14

2

11, 12

10,11

10

27, 28

1878

190-194

13-15

15, 16

3

13, 14

12,13

11

29, 30

1879 195-199

16-18

1

17, IS

4

15, 16

14,15

12

31, 32

1880

200-205

19-21

2

19, 20

5

17, 18

16,17

13

33, 34

1881

206-210

22-24

3

21, 22

6

19, 20

18,19

14

35, 36

1882211-215

25-27

4

23, 24

7

8) 1, 2

20

15

37, 38

1SS3'216-221

2S-30

5

25, 26

8

3 4

21

16

39, 40

18b4i->22-226

(6) 1-3

b

27 28

9

5 6

22

17

41, 42

18^5 227-231

4-6

7

29^ 30

10

*J} V

7, 8

23

18

43' 44

1SS6

232-236

7-9

S

31, 32

-11

9, 10

24

19

45, 46

1887

237-242

10-12

9

33, 34

12

11, 12

25

20

47, 48

1888

243-249

13-15

10

35, 36

13, 14

13, 14

26

21

49, 50

1889

250-255

lb-18

11

37, 38

15, 16

15, 16

27

22

3) 1, 2

1890

256-260: 19-21

12

39, 40

17, 18

17, 18

228

23

Si 4

1891

261-266

22-24

13

41, 42

19, 20

19, 20

229

24

5, 6

1892

267-271

2o-27

14

43, 44

21, 22

9) 1, 2

230

25

7} 8

1893 272-277

28-30

15

45, 46

23, 24

34

231

26

9, 10

1894 278-283

(7) 1-3

16

47, 48

25, 26

56

232

27

11, 12

1895 284-289

4-6

17

49, 50

27, 28

78

233

28

13, 14

* Also cited as \\hole series, 101, 102, 103, etc

t Also cited as 201, 202, etc

APPENDIX

1137

OTHER SCIENTIFIC PERIODICALS— Part II

c c

Chem
Ind

Chem
Soc

Ch
Gaz

Ch

Ztg

Gun

C N

C R

Dmgl

Gazz
ch it

J Am
Chem

Soc

J

Anal
Ch

5

26, 27

107-11

1

6

28, 29

111-114

2

7

30, 31

115-118

3

8

32, 33

119-122

4

9

1, 2

34, 35

123-12

5

10

3, 4

36, 37

127-130

6

11

5, 6

38, 39

131-134

1

2

7
8
9

12
13
14

Cont

asN
Cim

40, 41
42, 43
44, 45

135-138
139-142
143-146

10

15

46, 47

147-150

11

16

48, 49

151-154

6

12
13

1 A IK

17
Cont

1, 2

3,4

50, 51
52, 53

155-158
159-162

8

14, 15

ie*

as
C N

5, 6

7, 8

54, 55
56, 57

163-166
167-170

17

9, 10

58, 59

171-174

18

11, 12

60, 61

175-178

19

13, 14

62, 63

179-182

•I Q

20

15, 16

64, 65

183-186

lo

21

17, 18

66, 67

187-190

1 e

22

9, 20

68, 69

191-194

15
1 ft

23

21, 22

70, 71

195-198

lo

1 T

24

23, 24

72, 73

199-202

1

17

25

25, 26

74, 75

203-206

2

18

i n

26

27, 28

76, 77

207-210

3

iy

27

29, 30

78, 79

211-214

4

21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

28
29, 30
31, 32
33, 34
35, 36
37, 38
39, 40
41, 42
43, 44
45, 46
47, 48
49, 50
51, 52
53, 54
55, 56
57, 58
59, 60
61, 62
63, 64
65, 66
67, 68

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

31, 32
33, 34
35, 36
37, 38
39, 40
41, 42
43, 44
45, 46
47, 48
49, 50
51, 52
53, 54
55, 56
57, 58
59, 60
61, 62
63, 64
65, 66
67, 68
69, 70
71, 72

80, 81
82, 83
84, 85
86, 87
88, 89
90, 91
92, 93
94, 95
96, 97
98, 99
00, 101
02, 103
04, 105
06, 107
08, 109
10, 111
12, 113
14, 115
16, 117
18, 119
20, 121

215-218
219-222
223-226
227-230
231-234
235-238
239-242
243-246
247-250
251-254
55-258
59-262
63-266
67-270
71-274
75-278
79-282
83-286
87-290
91-294
95-298

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

1

2
3

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

1
2
3

4
5
6
7

' Also cited as (2) 1, 2, 3, etc

1138

APPENDIX

SYNCHRONISTIC TABLE OF CHEMICAL AND

lear

0 J Jena
Chmi Zeit

J
Pharm

J pr

J Russ
Soc

J Soc
Chem
Ind

M Ch

Mom
Scien

N
Cim

N Rep
Pharm

Pharir
J
Trans

Phil
Mag

1848

4

13,14

43-45

32,33

1849

5

15, 16

46-48

1850

6

17,18

49-51

36 ' 37

1851

7

19,20

52-54

(4)1, 2

1852

B

21,22

55-57

1

1853

9

23,24

58-60

2

5, 6

1854

10

25,26

61-63

3

7,8

1855

(4)1

27,28

64-66

!>2

4

1856

2

29,30

67-69

34

5

11* 12

1857
1858

3

4

31,32
33,34

70-72
73-75

2

56

7,8

6

7

13; 14
15, 16

1859
I860

5
6

35,36
37,38

76-78
79-81

3

4

9, 10
11, 12

8
9

17, 18
19. 20

1861

7

39,40

82-84

IS,' 14

10

21 22

1862

8

41,42

85-87

11

23,' 24

1863

9

43,44

SS-90

5

12

25 26

1864

10 1

45,46

91-9o

2jb

13

27' 28

!Sb3
ISbb

(5)1 ^ !(4)1,2

91-90
97-99

7
8

l-i
1 ,

29^30
31 ^^

18b7

3 1 o|b

00-102

9

Ib

33 }4

ISbS

4 4 7, S

lOj-lOo

10

17

1c'n 5 9,10

106-106

1

11

is

...

b,o 11, 12

(2) 1. 2

2

12

O Id

7 b U, 14| i'4

3

o) 13

20 i 1 u' ij

s 15, 10

) b

4

14

21

>

i > 1 1

li>7:» 9 7 ' 17, IS

i S

}

1 )

22

^

1 ) Ib

1S74 10 S j 19, 20

9 10

b

10

i

47 4s

16751 11 M 21, 22

11 12

7

17

24

}() »()

1S70 12 10 i 2j, 24

1> 14 s

IS

^

1S77 110 Jj, 2b

1 > K) 4)

]()

7

j

1S7S 12 I 27, 2s

17 isl JO

20

s

ls7M li 20 ->()! 1M 20 11

21

i

- s

1SSO ' 14 ( »1, >

?] 7 > j >

1

22

i

If)

u in

issl ] , >, 4

2/ 21 1 >

j

> }

t u
11

'/ it/
1 1 J

IVsJ ,, t, 2) 2(> 1 1 1 , 21 ' | >

! 1

isx-, l», 7 S

27, 2s 2 t 2 » |

) hi

i'sxt 17 M 10

-()> ^ol b > ) Jb I ! 7 Ix

'^> is u u 1 j 7 a ()

>-

1r> <> 20

iv* 1«> 1 ] * , i 7

js

h> >I > >

ss~ 20 1 ) ]i, »} <> <» s s J<> 17 V "]

tsvs -J J7 is 7 x JO 7 <) 0 IS j, ">h

ISS -2 N 2d M 10 21 s K) >i , if)

'7 s

's<11 - -I 2J1 M ij JJ «) U > >()

j<) 0

'V|l -' -i, 21 J j, 11- 2> K) {j ,~ ' ~j

1 2

s<)J ~)'..)2b-4)4b * J 11 1 I ! ~" >

v>^ -«• -7 2s r 4s1 2, ' 12 n

> > i)

1 ''1 -7 _M ,0 -JM K,1 J(, j , i , ,, i ~j

lv* -s M 1 J ,1 ,2 27 It , hi - i ",

i i '

M 10

APPENDIX

—

OTHER SCIENTIFIC PERIODICALS-Part

1139

11 — Cont^nued

Pogg

>7O >7tf

Proc
Am
Acad

Proc
Roy
Soc

— — — ~— .

Rep
Anal
Ch

'•' -' — —
R t

• ' i,

Tech
J B

-"
W A B

—

—' —

—

— ' i _
z

anorg

• • i i- „

Zeit
Ch

m

Z

phvs

to— 75

3
4

1

Ch

79-81

2,3

82—84

5

4,5

85-87

88-90

8,' 9

91-93

6

10,11

5

u

12-14

97-99

7

(1)1

15-18

100-102

6

c

2

19-21

103-105

o

3

22-27

106-108

Q

4

28-33

109-111
112-114

7
8

»7

10

5
6

34-38
39-42

•*

(1)1
2

115-117

11

7

43

f

3

118-120

12

8

44,45

I 1

i

f

121-123

13

9

46-48

1

5

124-126
127-129
130-132
Hi-1 35
l«iO-l>S

142- 14

9
10

J.O

14

15
16
17
IS

10
11

12
13
14
15

2)1

49
oO-o2
53, o4
55,o6
57,58
59, 60
bl, 02

5

b

S

\

6
'2)1
2

3
4
5 '

JH 17

20

2

b$, b4

10

to

5

b5, bb

11

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t

1 li* I1!

21

j >

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12

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71, 72

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7->, 74 '

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1 -•

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11 s
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ss

Is
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JD

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ji»

r .,

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i-: }
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j

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IOS4S

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i

1

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llf)1
]

;]:

X
IM

12
U
Ib

APPENDIX

APPENDIX

1139

OTHER SCIENTIFIC PERIODICALS— Part Il—Cont^nued

SYNCHRONISTIC TABLE OF CHEMICAL AND

__
lear

Chn»
*,i

Jena
Zeit

— — -

J

Pharm

—
J pr

.

Russ
Soc

_ •

Soc
Chem
Ind

-
1 Ch

omt
lent

_ —

N
Cun

.

T Rep
Pharm

>harm
""rans

Phil
Mag

oo oo

Pogg

Proc
Am
Acad

:*roc
Eloy
Soc

Rep
Anal
Ch

R t c

echn
J B

W A B

Ann

Z anal

Z

angew
Ch

Z

anorg

Zeit

Ch

48

73-75

^7/5 ^7O

3

1
20

1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
185
185
185
185
186
1861
1862
186;
186,
ISb;
1SW
186'
1S6
ISb
1S7

meo

s
1

J

t

6
7
i 8
i 9
t .10

3 ° 2

r 3

§ 4
9 5
0 b

1

i i
3

i
o

13,14
15,16
17,18
19,20
21, 22
23,24
25,26
27,28
29,30
31,32
33,34
35,36
37,38
39,40
41,4
43,4
45,4
(4)1, 2

S',6

9, 1C
11, 12

43-45

46-48
49-51
52-54
55-57
58-60
61-63
64-66
67-69
70-72
73-75
76-78
79-81
82-84
85-87
88-90
91-93
91-96
97-99
100-102
10:>-10c
> 106-105
(2) 1, 2

1)1

'

5

2)6
7
b
9
10
11
12
(o) lo

1,2
3,4
5,6
7,8
9,10
1,12
3, 14

1
2
3

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

14

1,;

17
is
19
20

I 1

32, 33
34,35
36,37
(4)1, 2
3,4
5,6
7,8
9 10
11, 12
13, 14
15,16
17, 18
19,20
21,22
23,24
25,26
27,28
29,30
31, 32
33, 34

M 1O
II 12

7o—7o
79-81
82-84
85-87
88-90
\ 91-93
* 94-96
97-99
10O-102
103-105
106-108
109-111
112-114
115-117
118-120
121-123
124-126
127-129
loO-132
133-13
Ub-US

r> n

5
6

7
8

9
10

5

6

7
8

9
10

11
12
13
14

15
16
17
IS

20

3

4
5
6

7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
(2) 1
2

, o

4,5
6,7
8,9
10, 11
12-14
15-18
19-21
22-27
28-33
34-38
39-42
43
44,45
46-48
49
50-52
53, o4
55, 56
57, 58
59,60
61, 02
63,04
b5 bb

1

1
2
3

4
5
6

1 s

10
11

i

1

3

4
5

6

2

i *~

5

6
7

i

1S7

170 13,"

i^ 1(

: 3 4
) ") 0

J

14

21

—

IS 1 )

21

4

1)7, OS

12

1S7

2 s i io>

22

^

1 >, U>

)} 1 )

22

j

t>9, 70

1 j

- ' 17 1"

*» t S

)

1 )

{

47' is

>l 1 >

2>

d

71,72 H

1^7 jl 9 ' . }/' *
1S74, 10 s 1 1C>» -(

) 9 1
•y 11 i

D <>
? 7

17

In

10 >0

r>7 1 » II 21
; i ,1 1 | j 2)2

7

i S

7^ 74 1 >
i 7), "h 12 T<»

1*75 111 9 \^\

Is* ! n« : ^ i

4 li 14| S
s 17 ISl 10

IS

10
20

7
s
q

1

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7 s

( mi, ^ 1 27 ^ ' "7 "s J-> '"
U V"n 1 1 "S f* 1 s,| sj •> 11 IM

IS-M , li -*))2^' *' ->() n

21
•»

10

M 10

.,, ! 1 12 s si 12 N 20

n 2

2 12

1 --

i

11 12

17 2 ! 1. su L, 7 -1

1SSO I' 1 » , -

>>' 2

4- 1>

-^ , ' l_

1.11

is 1, >

, > j i 1 7s ss js 20 J_

^ (

>, 20 14 1

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1 , hi

71 , ! i s > MO 21 2 2

lss2 J 'v

27. 2s 1 ) -7

1 ,' L 17 Is

\\\ s M ' hi Ml 12 .12. 2i

^SSl i- u 10 ?t> >0i lo > ' i *2 1

ir> | IM. 20

i It . i. • 1" •> Ml 27 2» -

!::' ; n' u >i -' 17 ' J - i s i i" i -1' -i

"j '|j ~ 0 IS M >, Mi j() 2 21 ' ^

ss 1' 1-. T, •" -1 ll s ' «> i l7 - ~!

I" N 1 i C on 7 i i» M7 Ms ,, , _- 2 2_

-1 Hi, "» > /

s 2(1 MM 100 ,(>- s Js } *

'•-' -° ^ {'s'1 r '^ ji ' 7 i /> , ~" 'H IT fs

» is 1M in^ \\

M t -1 101 102 5«» U 2 » f

1 s. V V 111*' . j It \ ^

\i " > 10 -° >(* H» - ^ i i ' » - }

2't 0

<» >o

( h 10 , _2 10, 104 12 11 n _ ^

1 2

7 ,1 ,.' 11 -> H)) 10b l,-!7 ' M J '« |'|

's^n -' "i1 "i! \\ 11 ""i 10 ! 12

ill ' 1 1 -i > I « — ' , _^

> >1

Is !'M. i" 1^ -1 ,1«7 10S4S )0 2 " , J 11 |2

::!> :,: ;i^^ -.; |> •• |; ;> n

> > >0

1 M *>S

< t in

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0

'2' '

s H | Ib 111 b4-iii jt i. s H) 1 > lo

i i

*'; S ',,"1 ?'i 'X" 7 1 i »• "- i -"

'1 'U

1140

APPENDIX

SYNCHRONISTIC TABLE OF CHEMICAL AND

Year

A

A ch

Am
Ch J

Am J
Sci

Arch
Phann

B

Bull Soc

«j
o

Chem
Soc

11

s|

C R

Gazz

oh it

al

^a
*•»,§

1896
1897
1898
1899

289-293
294-298
299-503
304r~309

(7)7-9
10-12
1^-15
16-18

18
19
20
21,22

(4)i;f
«

234
235
236
237

29
30
31
32

(2)15, 16
17,18
19,20
21,22

69,70
71,72
73,74
75,76

122, 123
124, 125
126, 127
128, 129

26
27
28
39

18
19
20
21

1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915

310-314
314r-319
320-326
32&-330
330-338
338-343
344-351
351-358
358-364
364r^71
71-378
78-386
86-394
95-402
402-406
407-410

19-21
22-24
25-27
28-30
(8)1-3
4-6
7-9
10-12
13-15
16-18
19-21
22-24
25-27
27-30
9)1-2
3-4

23,24
25,26
27 28
29,30
31,32
33,34
35,36
37,38
39,40
41,42
43,44
45,46
47,48
9,50

9,10
11,12
13,14
15,16
17,18
19,20
21,22
23,24
25,26
27,28
29,30
31,32
33,34
35,36
37,38
39,40

238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253

33

34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48

23,24
25,26
27,28
29,30
31,32
33,34
35,36
(4) 1, 2
3,4
5,6
7,8
9,10
11,12
13,14
15,16
17,18

1
2
3

4
5
6

7
8
9

77,78
79,80
81,82
83,84
85,86
87,88
89,90
91,92
93,94
95,96
97,98
99, 100
01, 102
03, 105
05, 106
07, 108

1

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

130, 131
132, 133
134, 135
136, 137
138, 139
140, 141
142, 143
144, 145
146, 147
148, 149
150, 151
152, 153
154, 155
156, 157
158, 159
160, 161

30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45

22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37

APPENDIX

1141

OTHER SCIENTIFIC PERIODICALS-Part III

J

Pharm

J
phys

J pr

8-S

OQ a

Proc

Tj

R

w

Z

6

z

•** a
£> 3

2

z

Ch

*~*J3

JR-oy
Soc

t c

4tim

anal

§6

anorg

"•§

Krvst

phys

6

tSJ

N S

Mm

Ch

(6)3, 4
5,6
7,8
9,10
11,12
13,14
15,16
17,18
21,22
23,24
25,26
27,28
29,30
(7)1, 2
3,4
5,6
7,8
9, 10
11,12

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

53,54
55,56
57,58
59,60
61,62
63, 64 •
65,66
67,68
71,72
73,74
75,76
77,78
79,80
81,82
83,84
85,86
87,88
89,90
91,92

15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34

17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36

59,60
60,61
62,63
64,65
66,67
68,69
70,71
71,72
76A
77, 78A
79A
80, 81A
82, 83A
83, 84A
84r-86A
86, 87A
88, 89A
89, 91A
91, 92A

15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34

57-59
60-62
63-65
66-68
(4)1-3
4H3
7-9
10-12
16-18
09-21
22-24
25-27
28-30
33-31
34-36
37-39
40-42
43-45
46-48

35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54

10

11

12
13
14
15
16
17
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29

11,12
13-15
16-18
19-21
22-25
26-29
29-33
33-37
43-44
48-51
52-56
56-60
61-65
65-69
69-73
73-79
79-84
84-89
90-93

3

4
5
6

7

8
9
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

25,26
27,28
29
30,31
32,33
34
35,36
37
40
41,42
42-44
44,45
46
47
48,49
50
51,52
53
54

19-21
22-24
25-27
28-31
32-35
36-39
39-42
42-46
50-54
54r-57
57-61
61-65
65-68
68-75
75-78
78-81
81-86
86-89
89,00

1140

APPENDIX

SYNCHRONISTIC TABLE OF CHEMICAL AND

Year

A

A ch

Am
Ch J

Am J
Sci

Arch
Pharm

B

Bull Soc

<J

0

Chem
Soc

^

C R

Gazz
ch it

I*

"1

1896
1897

289-293
294-298

(7)7-9
10-12

18
19

"»

234
235

29
30

(2)15, 16
17,18

69,70
71,72

122, 123
124, 125

26
27

18
19

1898

299-303

13-15

20

56

236

31

19,20

73,74

126, 127

28

20

1899

304r-309

16-18

21,22

78

237

32

21,22

75,76

128, 129

29

21

1900

310-314

19-21

23,24

9,10

238

33

23,24

77,78

130, 131

30

22

1901

314-319

22-24

25,26

11,12

239

34

25,26

79,80

132, 133

31

23

1902

320-326

25-27

27,28

13,14

240

35

27,28

81,82

134, 135

32

24

1903

326-330

28-30

29,30

15,16

241

36

29,30

83,84

136, 137

33

25

1904

330-338

(8)1-3

31,32

17,18

242

37

31,32

85,86

1

138, 139

34

26

1905

338-343

4-6

33,34

19,20

243

38

33,34

87,88

2

140, 141

35

27

1906

344r-351

7-9

35,36

21,22

244

39

35,36

89,90

3

142, 143

36

28

1907

351-358

10-12

37,38

23,24

245

40

(4) 1, 2

1

91,92

4

144, 145

37

29

1908

358-364

13-15

39,40

25,26

246

41

3,4

2

93,94

5

146, 147

38

30

1909

364-371

16-18

41,42

27,28

247

42

5,6

3

95,96

6

148, 149

39

31

1910

371-378

19-21

43,44

29,30

248

43

7,8

4

97,98

7

150, 151

40

32

1911

378-386

22-24

45,46

31,32

249

44

9, 10

5

99, 100

8

152, 153

41

33

1912

386-394

25-27

47,48

33,34

250

45

11,12

6

101, 102

9

154, 155

42

34

1913

395-402

27-30

49,50

35,36

251

46

13, 14

7

103, 105

10

156, 157

43

35

1914

402-406

(9)1-2

37,38

252

47

15, 16

8

105, 106

11

158, 159

44

36

1915

407-410

3-4

39,40

253

48

17,18

9

107, 108

12

160, 161

45

37

APPENDIX

1141

OTHER SCIENTIFIC PERIODICALS— Part III

J

Pharm

pis

J pr

»!

™*
^,3

M

Proc
Roy
Soc

R
t c

w

Ann

z

anal

Is

tSJ

z

anorg

31

w"i

t>3 8

z

Krvst
Mm

z
P&3

(6)3, 4

53,54

15

17

59,60

15

57-59

35

10

11,12

3

25,26

19-21

5,6

i

55,56

16

18

60,61

16

60-62

36

11

13-15

4

27,28

22-24

7»?.

2

57,58

17

19

62,63

17

63-65

37

12

16-18

5

29

25-27

9, 10

3

59,60

18

20

64,65

18

66-68

38

13

19-21

6

30,31

28-31

11, 12

4

61,62

19

21

66,67

19

(4)1-3

39

14

22-25

7

32,33

32-35

13, 14

5

63, 64 •

20

22

68,69

20

4r-6

40

15

26-29

34

36-39

15,16

6

65,66

21

23

70,71

21

7-9

41

16

29-33

8

35,36

39-42

17, 18

7

67,68

22

24

71,72

22

10-12

42

17

33-37

9

37

42-46

21,22

9

71,72

24

26

76A

24

16-18

44

19

43-44

11

40

50-54

23,24

10

73,74

25

27

77, 78A

25

09-21

45

20

48-51

12

41,42

54-57

25,26

11

75,76

26

28

79A

26

22-24

46

21

52-56

13

42-44

57-61

27,28

12

77,78

27

29

80, 81A

27

25-27

47

22

56-60

14

44,45

61-65

29,30

13

79,80

28

30

82, 83A

28

28-30

48

23

61-65

15

46

65-68

(7)1, 2

14

81,82

29

31

83, 84A

29

33-31

49

24

65-69

16

47

68-75

3,4

15

83,84

30

32

84r-86A

30

34-36

50

25

69-73

17

48,49

75-78

5,6

16

85,86

31

33

86, 87A

31

37-39

51

26

73-79

18

50

78-81

7,8

17

87,88

32

34

88, 89A

32

40-42

52

27

79-84

19

51,52

81-86

9,10

18

89,90

33

35

89, 91A

33

43-45

53

28

84r-89

20

hz

86-89

11, 12

19

91,92

34

36

91, 92A

34

46-48

54

29

90-93

21

54

89,90